text stringlengths 181 608k | id stringlengths 47 47 | dump stringclasses 3 values | url stringlengths 13 2.97k | file_path stringlengths 125 140 | language stringclasses 1 value | language_score float64 0.65 1 | token_count int64 50 138k | score float64 1.5 5 | int_score int64 2 5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
posted on 16 June 2016
from Daily Reckoning
-- this post authored by Byron King
On Oct. 14, 1947, American test pilot Chuck Yeager took flight above Muroc Dry Lake, in California's Mojave Desert.
He broke the sound barrier in a small, streamlined aircraft called X-1. However, after reviewing flight data, engineers realized that supersonic flight had potential to rip the wings off an airplane. This was a problem, and we'll discuss it more in just a moment.
Meanwhile, in January 2016, central bankers across the world also broke another "barrier" of sorts. Collectively, they rolled down a road that's unfamiliar to modern finance. We've never seen this new issue before; in fact, it has potential to "rip the wings" (so to speak) from high-end finance across the world. It's a major problem, and we'll address that in a moment, as well.
It was Tuesday morning. Sky was clear and the sun shone bright above Muroc. At 10 a.m., a large, four-engine B-29 bomber rolled down the runway carrying a small shape underneath one wing, an aircraft that looked much like a .50-caliber bullet, but with fairly straight, stubby wings.
After climbing to altitude, at 10:26, the bomber dropped small aircraft, the latter flown by a seasoned pilot named Chuck Yeager. Yeager engaged systems and fired a series of "reaction motors" that took his aircraft - the above-noted Bell X-1 - toward so-called "transonic" flight regime. Shock diamonds formed behind four rocket nozzles of the engine, and Yeager's X-1 soon approached Mach 0.85, a point beyond which there existed no wind tunnel data on the problems of flight.
At 40,000 feet altitude, X-1 finally leveled off; Yeager fired another rocket motor. The aircraft's Mach meter moved smoothly through 0.98, 0.99, to 1.02, and then jumped to 1.06. A strong "bow shockwave" formed in the air ahead of the needlelike nose of the X-1. Yeager recorded that his aircraft reached a velocity of 700 miles per hour, Mach 1.06, at 43,000 feet.
The flight was smooth, and the small, sleek Bell X-1, with Yeager at controls, became the first successful supersonic airplane in the history of flight. Yeager had The Right Stuff, in the words of Tom Wolfe and his fabulous 1979 book of that title.
After Yeager and X-1 landed, engineers reviewed flight data and realized that they faced immense challenges when designing and operating super-fast airplanes. One critical issue was that as an airframe approaches "sound barrier," stress builds up on leading edges of the nose and wings. In fact, if engineers had not intentionally "overdesigned" X-1, it's likely that aerodynamic stress would have torn off the wings.
As time went on and new aircraft designs rolled out, many test pilots died as they flew into the wild unknown of the sky, especially in supersonic realms. These are lessons "written in blood," as we used to say in the Navy.
The long and short is that to go supersonic, engineers had to redesign aircraft from the inside out. Every structural element had to be stronger than even the toughest aircraft of World War II. Airframe shapes had to transform as well, to deal with supersonic airflow. All this demanded new materials, too - such as advanced metals and superalloys that could withstand the stress of operating beyond the speed of sound.
Today, we have a new "Bond Barrier." My point here is to illustrate how dramatically things change when you break certain barriers - like the sound barrier. Now let's redirect that same kind of thinking to another barrier that's currently being shattered, the "bond barrier." What do I mean?
A bond represents debt: often as not, "secured" debt. The idea is that one party loans money to another - say, a government - and after a certain time, that second party pays interest and eventually returns all principal to lender. Interest rates can vary, but principal is sacrosanct. The lender always wants the money back.
For many years, one of the safest forms of investment has been a U.S. government bond, backed by the proverbial "full faith and credit" of the U.S. government. Loan money to Uncle Sam, and then hold the bond to term, and you will recover all principal, plus interest along the way.
Now, however, rules of this bond game are changing. Central bankers are moving toward "negative interest rates." We've seen it in Europe and elsewhere. Recently, for example, the government of Japan sold long-term bonds with a negative yield. Specifically, Japan raised $19.4 billion at auction, offering a 10-year benchmark bond at -0.024% average yield.
Think about that... It means holders of this bond will "pay" the Japanese government for the privilege of lending it money. Buy a government bond, and make a (so far) small donation, so to speak. Bizarre, no? One way or another, we're witness to governments breaking the "bond barrier." This will rock our world, I suspect.
Now the wings are coming off. That is, I view this as a "transonic" moment here. With negative interest, the wings are about to come off of government finance. In essence, governments propose to "borrow" money from lenders and declare right up front that they won't pay back all principal. That's nuts. Who came up with this crazy idea? It's the Wrong Stuff, to coin a different phrase.
Wherever this negative interest idea came from, it's no wonder there's a global rush to buy gold and other precious metals and invest in basic resource plays. In January, as negative interest rates gained traction, gold prices lifted off of recent lows and moved up strongly. Same with silver, platinum, palladium and even beaten-down copper. Heck, even iron ore recently moved. Hard assets, in other words.
Gold's rallied from $1,060 to $1,285 today. Clearly, there's strong gold buying at work, indicating a rally with breadth, depth and volume. And it's happening now.
For now, you should understand that negative interest rates reignited the commodity sector and spun a major turn in the investment cycle. Just as engineers had to use new designs and metals to break the sound barrier, this "bond barrier" move seems to be good for gold, that's for sure.
>>>>> Scroll down to view and make comments <<<<<<
Econintersect Precious Metals
This Web Page by Steven Hansen ---- Copyright 2010 - 2017 Econintersect LLC - all rights reserved | <urn:uuid:3438aa61-f4f0-4243-b699-1b5a2cb79215> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://econintersect.com/pages/metals/metals.php?post=201606162236 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279169.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00210-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961818 | 1,433 | 3 | 3 |
such as "Introduction", "Conclusion"..etc
Biologists have known for long that ecology, the interaction between
organisms and their environment, plays a significant role in forming new
species and in modifying living ones. The traditional view is that
ecology shapes evolution. The environment defines a template and the
process of evolution by natural selection shapes organisms to fit that
Some specialized theory, a few laboratory experiments and studies of
natural populations suggest, however, that evolutionary processes
reciprocate by influencing ecology in turn.
Now a team of biologists presents evidence that ecology and evolution
are indeed reciprocally interacting processes, presenting a fundamental
shift in our understanding of the relationship between evolution and
"Ecology for the most part ignores evolution because organisms are
treated as constants," said David Reznick, an evolutionary biologist at
the University of California, Riverside, who led the study. "This does
not mean that ecologists don't believe in evolution. It means the
general assumption is that ecological interactions happen on such a
short time scale in comparison to evolution that evolution can be
ignored -- similar to the way physicists can often safely ignore
relativity in the majority of their experiments.
"Our results represent a first significant step in showing that
evolution cannot be ignored when studying ecological interactions. In
earlier work, we had shown that guppies, our study organism, can evolve
very rapidly. In this new study we quantify the ecological consequences
of such rapid adaptation."
Study results appear this week in the online early edition of the Proceedings
of the National Academy of Sciences.
Reznick's team compared guppies -- small freshwater fish that have
been the subject of long-term studies -- that had adapted to two
different types of stream communities in Trinidad. One stream community
had a diverse group of fish species, some of which were serious
predators on guppies. The other type of community included guppies and
just one or a few non-predatory species.
Previously, Reznick and colleagues had established that predators
cause a substantial increase in guppy mortality rates, resulting in
guppies that are younger at maturity, produce more babies, and display
different behavior, escape abilities and body shapes.
In the new experiments, the researchers collected guppies from the
two different types of communities, and quantified their impact on the
stream ecosystem by placing them in replicate, artificial streams built
alongside a natural stream. The researchers chose this location for the
artificial streams so that they could divert water from a spring that
normally flowed into the stream in such a way that it first flowed
through the artificial streams, emptying later into the natural stream.
Next, they seeded the artificial streams with organisms such as
insect larvae from the natural stream so that all artificial streams had
similar ecosystems at the start of the experiment.
They found that guppies from the two types of fish communities had
substantially different impacts after only four weeks on the structure
and function of their ecosystems.
"Guppies from the more diverse fish communities ate more insect
larvae while the low-predation guppies -- guppies from the simple fish
communities -- ate more algae," said Ronald Bassar, a graduate student
in Reznick's lab and the first author of the research paper. "These
differences in diet resulted in the artificial streams with guppies from
the diverse communities having substantially more algae and fewer
invertebrates than streams stocked with guppies from the simple
"There were corresponding differences in how and at what rate
nutrients, like nitrogen or phosphorus, were recycled. The streams with
high-predation guppies -- guppies from the more diverse fish communities
-- had less plant production and oxygen consumption, a slower breakdown
of leaves that had fallen into the water and a slower accumulation of
detritus, the breakdown product of leaves."
The researchers found, too, that their findings from their
experiments in the artificial streams mirrored their observations in
guppies across natural stream communities in Trinidad.
"By doing our experiments in the artificial streams we are able to
pin down guppies as a likely cause of what we see in the natural
streams," Bassar said. "The experiments show that local adaptation
causes the evolution of differences in diet, which, in turn, causes
differences in ecosystem structure. Our next step is to characterize how
this changed ecosystem, in turn, shapes how the guppies adapt to it."
The National Science Foundation supported this research as part of a
five year, multi-investigator grant funded by the Frontiers in
Integrative Biological Research initiative.
Enter the code exactly as it appears. All letters are case insensitive. | <urn:uuid:d528b222-0270-40c0-9bfd-beb0a7032b97> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.biology-online.org/kb/revision.php?p_id=14586&a_id=6007 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280791.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00356-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.939633 | 1,001 | 3.484375 | 3 |
The Built Environment
The built environment is comprised of entities that form the physical characteristics of a community, including but not limited to buildings, roads, transportation, parks, and all other human-created structures. Human health is impacted through a wide range of mechanisms, including pollution, physical activity, and emotional/psychological reactions. Very few interventions promoting community health can be successful without taking the built environment into account.
In 2015, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) created a tool to be used to assess those features of the built environment deemed to be most relevant for human health and well-being. The manual for this tool is available for you on the course online library.
In this assignment, you will be conducting a “walk” through a neighborhood and assess the built environment. You are not asked to “complete” the tool per se, but instead will be using the domains highlighted in this tool to ground your assessment. The core features highlighted in the tool include:
- recreational sites
- food environment
You are asked to conduct a 1-2 mile walk through a community of your choosing. The objective of this assignment is to pay particular attention to the built environment as it pertains to public health and health-related outcomes. Think about the domains listed above, as well as any additional features that stand out in your mind. For example:
- Infrastructure: consider maintenance of buildings, types of advertisements someone might encounter (positive amenities vs. alcohol/drug ads), types of stores, etc.
- Walkability/bikeability: consider presence or absence of sidewalks/bike lanes, disability accessibility, lighting for movement after dark, etc.
- Recreational sites: consider community centers, green space/parks, gardens, religious/spiritual gathering places, etc.
- Food environment: consider grocery stores or convenience stores and whether they have fresh nutritious foods available, types of restaurants or meal options for purchase, etc.
- Other: consider public swimming pools, art work/graffiti, bars on windows (and what message that sends), etc.
We encourage you to look at Appendix E of the CDC’s Assessment Tool Manual (available in the online library on the course website), which describes aspects of the environment that they point out in the tool, and includes pictures of several of those features. This will give you some ideas on features of the built environment that you may choose to highlight under each domain.
- Many students find it interesting to replicate a walk that they do on a regular basis, but this time with a different observational lens. Others find it more interesting to choose a new community in which to do their walk. Either option is acceptable.
- Think about the public health messaging conveyed both through overt signs as well as more subtle signals (such as bars on windows). How might these be interpreted both by local residents as well as by people visiting the area?
- We encourage you (assuming it is safe for you to do so) to take photos of structures or objects that highlight your observations. If it is not safe to do so, it is acceptable to use public-access photos gathered online in your assignment, with appropriate citation/referencing.
Please note that safety must be your top priority throughout the planning and conducting of your community walk. Please consider:
1) conducting your community walk with others
2) this does not have to be a “walk”; it can also be conducted using Google maps satellite view, or other forms of transportation and observation.
3) this is an assessment of the built environment, therefore do NOT take photos of people. Additionally, this is an assignment based on observation, therefore do NOT interview or gather information directly from local residents.
4) avoid the obvious display of electric equipment or other expensive items, not only for safety precautions but also to assure direct observation and reflection opposed to through a lens of an electronic device.
PowerPoint (~5-8 slides, include the following):
- Map of neighborhood & walk route, brief history of community
- Description of assessment, covering at least one item/example from each of the five domains described above. You are encouraged to include pictures and/or anecdotes of observations – this should include both “positive” and “negative” examples.
- 2-3 positive public health aspects of the built environment (from observations, not from data)
- 2-3 potential public health challenges of the environment (from observations, not from data)
- Overall impression: Assessment of community (needs, assets, challenges, and social and environmental challenges). What did you learn from this experience? What stood out? Did this exercise conjure any feelings related to the environments impact on health? | <urn:uuid:a6fc7fdb-5a48-455b-a8ac-587af66681d0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://unemployednursingtutors.com/conducting-your-community-walk-with-others/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571056.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809155137-20220809185137-00671.warc.gz | en | 0.93656 | 1,002 | 3.8125 | 4 |
Nothin’ Like The Real Thing : Primary Sources for Interdisciplinary Instruction. Trish Vlastnik, M. Ed, MLIS, Ed. S Nia Malika Pole, Ed.D. Georgia Department of Education CCGPS Summit, Partners In Progress July 17, 2013. SSU. Presentation Objectives-1.
Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author.While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server.
Trish Vlastnik, M. Ed, MLIS, Ed. SNia Malika Pole, Ed.D.Georgia Department of Education CCGPS Summit, Partners In ProgressJuly 17, 2013
Review foundational concepts of the CCGPS as they relate to primary sources.
Review the philosophical justification, for teaching with primary source materials.
Preview online resources for primary source materials.
Demonstrate access & navigation of key digital repository sites.
Articulate and demonstrate best practices for incorporating primary sources into a lessons.
Demonstrate using DBQs (document based questions) related to primary source materials.
Demonstrate a collaborative instructional activity between an ESOL teacher and a Media Specialist
Present an instructional activity to demonstrate the instructional use of online, primary source materials found on Galileo and numerous other free, content-rich digital repositories of archival materials.
Provide audience with an opportunity to explore the Online Resources for Primary Source Material.
Provide audience with materials for accessing resources for primary source material and other useful material to be used to in their classrooms.
How do I access primary resources?
How do primary resources support explicit instruction?
How can teachers utilize primary sources to implement research-based differentiated instruction?
What are DBQs and how should they be implemented during instruction?
How can DBQs foster critical thinking among students?
Questions that ask students to look beyond the primary source and engage in:
THE DUST BOWL
SS5H5 The student will explain how the Great Depression and New Deal affected the lives of millions of Americans.
a. Discuss the Stock Market Crash of 1929, Herbert Hoover, Franklin Roosevelt, the Dust Bowl, and soup kitchens.
ELA5R1 The student demonstrates comprehension and shows evidence of a warranted and responsible explanation of a variety of literary and informational texts.
For literary texts, the student identifies the characteristics of various genres and produces evidence of reading that:
a. Identifies and analyzes the elements of setting, characterization, and conflict in plot.
b. Identifies and analyzes the structural elements particular to dramatic literature (e.g., scenes, acts, cast of characters, stage directions) in the plays read, viewed, written, and performed.
c. Identifies and analyzes the similarities and differences between a narrative text and its film or play version.
d. Relates a literary work to information about its setting (historically or culturally).
e. Identifies imagery, figurative language (e.g., personification, metaphor, simile, hyperbole), rhythm, or flow when responding to literature.
f. Identifies and analyzes the author’s use of dialogue and description.
g. Applies knowledge of the concept that theme refers to the message about life and the world that the author wants us to understand whether implied or stated.
h. Responds to and analyzes the effects of sound, figurative language, and graphics in order to uncover meaning in poetry.
i. Sound (e.g., alliteration, onomatopoeia, rhyme scheme)
ii. Figurative language (e.g., personification, metaphor, simile, hyperbole)
iii. Graphics (i.e., capital letters, line length, stanzas).
i. Makes judgments and inferences about setting, characters, and events and supports them with elaborating and convincing evidence from the text.
j. Identifies similarities and differences between the characters or events and theme in a literary work and the actual experiences in an author’s life.
k. Identifies common structures and stylistic elements (e.g., hyperbole, refrain, and simile) in traditional literature.
How did the Dust Bowl affect the lives of Americans?
Generate discussion about Dorothea Lange’s photo, Migrant Mother and Children
Dorothea Lange (1895–1965), Migrant Mother (Destitute
pea pickers in California. Mother of seven children. Age thirty-two.
Nipomo, California), February 1936. Black-and-white photograph.
Farm Security Administration, Office of War Information,
Photograph Collection. Library of Congress, Prints and
Photographs Division, Washington, D.C.
an excerpt from
Out of the Dust
(Detail) Lucille Burroughs, daughter of a cotton sharecropper. Hale County, Alabamahttp://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/fsa1998020950/PP
Images of the Great Depression
Study these images, then answer the following questions.
Speculate as to when and where these photographs may have been taken.
Which image "speaks" to you and why?
If every picture tells a story, what story do these photographs convey?
What questions do these images evoke?
Have students compare their migration to America with Dust Bowl children who were migrants.
Informal Teacher Observation
Listen to the song “Over at the Government Camp sung by 12 year olds Margaret Treat, Mary Campbell and her sister Betty.
You are a journalist, newspaper critic for the Camp
newspaper: Write a review of this song as though it
were to be read by the people living in
the camp community.
You are a producer of movies. Create a 5-10 documentary depicting Dust Bowl life from different perspectives utilizing images and recordings.
Write a journal entry from the perspective of (1) a child living during the Dust Bowl (2) a migrant child traveling to California (3) a child living in the refugee camp during the Dust Bowl.
Online Resource Document
Guidelines for Using Primary Sources
Instructional Best Practices
Suggested Uses for Primary Source Material
Sample Lesson Plan
Explicit Instruction Lesson Plan Template
Digital & Hard Copy of Online Resources for Primary Source Material
Primary Source Analysis Tool s
NARA Bookmarks, Literature
Thank You !!!
Hesse, K. 1997. Out of the Dust. N.Y.: Scholastic Press, p.142-146.
Image Slide 2 Chris Johns, National Geographic, Getty Images
Image Slide 3http://www.humanitiestexas.org/exhibits/list/dustbowl/dustbowl.php
Image slide 4 (FSA, Getty Images)
http://www.gettyimages.com/detail/3231460/Hulton-ArchiveImage Slide 5
Image Slide 6 (in public domain)United States Department of Agriculture; Image Number: 00di0971 | <urn:uuid:eaae600a-12cc-4e29-be97-6276a979fd13> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.slideserve.com/henrik/nothin-like-the-real-thing-primary-sources-for-interdisciplinary-instruction | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283301.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00511-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.823261 | 1,500 | 3.5625 | 4 |
At its roots, the battle — launched 75 years ago on May 26, 1937 — began as a conflict over union recognition.
In the end, the face of labor-management relations in the United States was changed, though exactly how is still debated.
The confrontation pitted thousands of steelworkers in the Midwest against the so-called Little Steel companies.
In Youngstown, considered the strike’s epicenter, confrontation was intense and personal.
In 1977, longtime Vindicator reporter and political writer Clingan Jackson described a confrontation between strikers and police in Youngstown that left two strikers dead.
“I was there,” said Jackson in interviews about the strike for the Youngstown State University Oral History Program and a Vindicator story.
Jackson was a 30-year-old general assignment and labor reporter covering the strike for The Vindicator. He and Vindicator photographer Edward Salt were on Poland Avenue on June 19, 1937, when “all hell broke loose,” Jackson said.
Two strikers were killed, and many others including women and children were injured in a clash with Youngstown police, Mahoning County sheriff deputies and Republic Steel private police at the company’s Stop 5 on Poland Avenue.
Salt was one of those wounded.
Jackson, who died in 1997, said he and Salt were in a crowd near the Republic Steel gate when a shotgun blast “took off every leaf of a bush right in front of us.”
Jackson retreated to the relative safety of a nearby fire station, but when he learned Salt had been wounded, he risked gunfire to go back and get Salt and take him to a hospital, where he was treated for flesh wounds.
Returning to the picket line during the riot, Jackson went down the hill to Poland Avenue in his car, and everybody was carrying clubs and crowbars, he said.
The next night, Jackson was at the steelworkers’ hall covering the strike.
“Every time you stuck your hand out the door, somebody shot at it. I didn’t get out of there until the next day,” he said. “It was a pretty tough time.”
Accounts of how many strikers were killed vary.
According to the U.S. Senate’s La Follette Civil Liberties Special Committee, which investigated the strike, 16 died and 283 were injured. In addition, one policeman received a bullet wound and two birdshot wounds.
Donald G. Sofchalk’s doctoral dissertation on “The Little Steel Strike of 1937” in 1961 at Ohio State University reports 17 deaths.
Sofchalk’s death toll: 10 killed by uniformed Chicago police on May 30, 1937, commonly referred to as the Memorial Day Massacre; three killed in Massillon; two in Youngstown; one in Cleveland when hit by a car on the picket line; and one in Beaver Falls, Pa.
What is not in dispute, said Dr. Thomas Leary of YSU’s history department specializing in industrial and labor history, is that all the fatalities occurred at Republic Steel facilities.
In Chicago, strikers, accompanied by wives and children, marched toward the Republic Steel plant intending to picket. They were met by 250 uniformed police. A scuffle ensued, and police opened fire, killing 10 unarmed demonstrators and shooting and beating many more with clubs and ax handles, according to reports.
It was later learned during the La Follette hearings that seven of the 10 killed were shot in the side or back while running from police.
Despite the violence in Chicago, the Youngstown-Warren area, with several Republic Steel and Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. mills scattered along the Mahoning River, was considered the origin of the brief but brutal battle.
The Little Steel Strike began May 26, 1937, when about 900 local steelworkers pushed Steel Workers’ Organizing Committee (SWOC) president Philip Murray into calling the strike at a meeting at Moore Auditorium on West Boardman Street. More than 20,000 stayed away from their jobs here and an additional 90,000 struck steel plants across the Midwest.
The Steel Workers’ Organizing Committee was affiliated with the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO), a new labor movement that took on both employers and the established American Federation of Labor (AFL) during the Great Depression, said Leary.
“The Little Steel Strike didn’t just come out of nowhere,” said Dr. Donna DeBlasio, director of the Center for Historic Preservation in Youngstown State University’s history department.
The National Recovery Act of 1933 encouraged collective bargaining in an effort to minimize labor strikes, keep people working, and keep production going during the recovery from the Great Depression, Leary said.
The nation’s largest steelmaker, U.S. Steel, in March 1937 recognized SWOC as representative of its union employees.
But a number of companies — including Republic Steel, Youngstown Sheet & Tube, Inland Steel, and Bethlehem Steel and National — collectively known as Little Steel because of their relative small size individually compared to U.S. Steel, resented U.S. Steel’s action and refused to recognize laws that gave workers the right to organize and bargain with employers.
While Little Steel companies preferred employee-representation committees, the Wagner Act and creation of the National Labor Relations Board in 1935 allowed that if a majority of workers voted for union representation, the company had to recognize and bargain with that union.
During the time leading to the Little Steel Strike, national legislation favoring union rights was passed and the economy was improving. This led the CIO to invest $500,000 to organize the steel, auto and rubber industries.
“But, I don’t think the union realized how tough it was going to be to organize the Little Steel companies,” DeBlasio said.
There was miscalculation on both sides, Leary added.
Companies such as Republic and its anti-union chairman of the board, Thomas M. Girdler, were willing to defy the law and use force to intimidate their employees. Their mills became armed camps, Leary said.
In anticipation of the strike, the Little Steel companies had formed and armed their own private police forces with ammunition and weapons, including machine guns. Republic and Youngstown Sheet & Tube purchased 160,300 rounds of ammunition for the Youngstown district, according to reports.
Labor underestimated the extent to which the Little Steel companies would go to fight unionism, and the companies misread the determination of their employees, Leary said.
Not only did the steelworkers and steel companies face off, community leaders and organizations also got involved.
Committees were formed — including the Mahoning Valley Citizens Committee, the Citizens’ Law and Order League of Canton, and the John Q. Public League of Warren — that weighed in on the strike.
A citizens committee’s full-page newspaper ad on June 19, titled “The Individual’s Right in the Strike,” in part read: “Not only do those who are employees in the mills suffer, the well-being and happiness of thousands of other homes” are threatened.
On June 20, the day after two strikers were killed at Stop 5 on Poland Avenue, and on several other occasions, Republic Steel ran an ad offering a $500 reward for information leading to the arrest and conviction of anyone threatening families of employees of the company or destroying property of employees at its Warren or Niles plants.
Even the boys in Warren complained that pickets had bought all the baseball bats, according to a story published in The Vindicator on June 15, 1937.
Planes were used to drop food to management and steelworkers who stayed inside the plants. One of the planes crashed while attempting to land on Republic Steel property in Warren, an event caught on camera by Vindicator photographer Lloyd Jones.
Whether the plane malfunctioned or was shot down by pickets was long debated, too; but Republic Steel offered a $1,000 reward in a Vindicator ad for information leading to the arrest of anyone shooting at their planes.
Other organizations, and even some businesses, helped feed the strikers and their families.
Harold Milligan Sr., 101, was in his mid-20s during the strike helping his father, Arthur “A.D.” Milligan, operate the family dairy business in Struthers.
“We delivered milk to mill supervisors and strikers alike and never had any trouble,” he said.
Coal miners came in during the strike and upset some bread trucks, but the Teamsters union said they would “take care of our trucks because during the Depression my father gave milk to families with children if they couldn’t pay,” said Milligan, a four-term mayor of Struthers from 1952 to 1963.
BREAKING THE STRIKE
The strike was broken when Ohio Gov. Martin L. Davey deployed thousands of National Guard troops to protect workers entering the plants.
On the face of it, the strike failed.
Strikers went back to work without union recognition or contracts, pay increases or better working conditions. Many were blackballed until a U.S. Supreme Court ruling in 1940 reinstated 5,000 Republic workers with back pay. Republic finally signed a union contract in 1942, but Girdler did not attend the signing ceremony.
Historians, scholars and union leaders debate the long-term effect of the Little Steel Strike of 1937.
In the large picture, the strike was a “decisive battle in the struggle to define the meaning and legacy of the New Deal, one which industrial workers simply lost, albeit for no lack of courage and sacrifice,” wrote Ahmed A. White, associate professor of law at the University of Colorado in his paper “The ‘Little Steel’ Strike of 1937: Class Violence, Law, and the End of the New Deal.”
Another viewpoint, made by John Sargent, a union organizer at Inland Steel in the 1930s, is that the Little Steel Strike was a short-term victory and a long-term loss for organized labor.
Interviewed for the book, “Rank and File: Personal Histories by Working-Class Organizers,” edited by Alice and Staughton Lynd of Niles, Sargent said that immediately after the strike, unions were run from the bottom up and were never more effective.
At Inland Steel, Sargent said that, unhampered by a national contract, “we secured for ourselves agreements on working conditions and wages using wild-cat strikes, shutdowns and slowdowns to get what we wanted. Believe me, we never had it so good.”
He said that when companies became smart and realized they had to recognize labor unions and their national and international leadership, it took the affairs of the union out of the hands of local elected officials, and the union became a watchdog for the company, Sargent said.
The Little Steel Strike of 1937 was a huge short-term defeat for the union in that it didn’t get union recognition a contract, said Charles McCollister, retired professor of labor/management relations at the University of Pennsylvania.
It did, however, prove the steelworkers’ tenacity and toughened labor law, he said.
“Collective bargaining became the law of the land, and company-dominated ‘workplace groups’ were outlawed,” McCollister said. | <urn:uuid:05b86fac-f0df-4804-bcef-98006edecc08> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.vindy.com/news/2012/may/20/by-william-k-alcorn-alcornvindycom/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279410.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00172-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.972905 | 2,401 | 2.78125 | 3 |
A crew from Colorado Parks and Wildlife cruised around Thunderbird Lake in Boulder on Monday scooping up hundreds of bright orange koi that were discovered in the lake this year.
An electric current stunned the fish first, making them easy catching.
Parks and Wildlife officials believe there are roughly 1,500 koi living in the man-made lake in Admiral Burke Park in the Frasier Meadows neighborhood in southeast Boulder.
As non-native species, koi have the potential to upset the ecological balance of the lake.
In particular, koi eat zooplankton, which could contribute to overgrowth of algae. That's already been a problem at the lake as water levels have fallen in recent years. Exotic species can also outcompete native fish species.
Wildlife officials assume the koi were put into the lake by people disposing of pet or ornamental fish.
Read more of the article Koi removed from Thunderbird Lake in Boulder at DailyCamera.com. | <urn:uuid:ee95e22f-a847-4b5f-99b4-059e34f23dce> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.eptrail.com/ci_22030233 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285289.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00147-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.955842 | 204 | 2.15625 | 2 |
Vironix remote physiological monitoring & disease-specific AI intelligence for respiratory and cardiovascular chronic illnesses
Either you or someone you know has been impacted by heart or lung disease.
17.9 MILLION PEOPLE
die each year from cardiovascular disease.
That’s one death every 56 seconds.
People diagnosed with or at risk of heart failure, COPD, asthma, & acute respiratory illness face constant risk of death, hospitalization, massive healthcare expenditures, and persistent anxiety. If detected and managed early, singular health deterioration episodes, which include exacerbations & infections, can be readily addressed at home with diet, medications, and rest.
is the cost of preventable heart and lung disease to employers and health insurance providers
Peer-Reviewed, World Class R&D
Clinically validated algorithms built by scientists and clinicians.
Vironix Health intern student, James Morrill at University of Oxford was awarded the prestigious Reddick Prize
Vironix Health intern & student, James Morrill at University of Oxford was awarded the prestigious Reddick Prize !!!
Welcoming Ahmed Ammar Naseer to Vironix Health
University of Oxford Masters Student, Ahmed Ammar Naseer, has joined Vironix’s modelling team to work on synthetic patient data generation and machine learning algorithms for predicting heart failure exacerbations. The results and methodologies developed in his internship project may help patients to improve their quality of life and reduce preventable emergency care episodes.
Welcoming Fareeha Shah To The Team
Fareeha is a UX/UI/Design expert who has just come aboard. She will be working on improving the company’s externally facing materials (product UI/UX, website, social media, etc).
Vironix was formed by passionate scientists, physicians, technologists, and entrepreneurs who have amassed decades of research, development, and commercialization expertise in the development, testing, and commercialization of medical technology. | <urn:uuid:e21a61a2-4472-4777-9671-4913484c8854> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.vironix.ai/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00671.warc.gz | en | 0.901248 | 439 | 1.828125 | 2 |
Free Bulgarian Lessons and Courses
Free Bulgarian Lessons and Courses
We have gathered together here a number of free Bulgarian language lessons and language courses for those learning Bulgarian, along with some other Bulgarian language resources, such as Bulgarian online courses and exercises, podcasts, video lessons, alphabets, dictionaries, lexicons, verb conjugations, language communities, newspapers, articles, and books. Most of these sites will be in English, although a number are multilingual in nature.
Courses and Exercises
101 Languages Bulgarian
"This site is designed as a starting point for people who want to learn more about the Bulgarian language. The links on the left contain English to Bulgarian translations as well as other useful information about the Bulgarian language."
Bulgarian Grammar Drills
Free site with registration, with podcast audio and video lessons, vocabulary learning tools and spaced repetition flashcards, detailed pdf lesson notes, and lively community forum and lesson discussions.
A Concise Bulgarian Grammar
A Concise Bulgarian Grammar by John Leafgren in PDF format, downloadable or browsable alonline.
Free Bulgarian Lessons
The lessons are in a virtual classroom and take place on-line via Skype using video calling software. There will be one lesson a week in the evening - at a convenient time and day agreed by the students and teacher. After signing up you will receive an e-mail with additional information. The mini-course consists of 3 lessons of an hour duration each.
"I would like to welcome you to the Bulgarian lessons. I'm here to help you learn Bulgarian, by going step by step. All the lessons contain audio and are all offered for free. We will learn the alphabet together. We will also review some simple grammar rules, practice common phrases, and we will have fun memorizing many important vocabulary lists, and everything else that you see below. You can either choose a random lesson below or start with me lesson by lesson. If so, let's start with the alphabet."
Every language lesson includes reading, writing, and speaking exercises, with courses for every skill level, with language lessons that will help you learn Bulgarian faster and build confidence to converse with native speakers.
My Languages.org Learn Bulgarian
With Bulgarian alphabet, adjectives, adverbs, articles, feminine, nouns, numbers, phrases, plural, prepositions, questions, pronouns, verbs, negation, vocabulary, reading, translation, dictionary, video, audio, keyboard, transliteration.
Bulgarian alphabet and orthography with pronunciations of characters.
The content is organized in two main categories: Grammar tutorial - focused on demystifying Bulgarian grammar and providing rules and explanations for those who are interested in learning a language in a systematic way; and Thematic vocabulary - providing a range of useful words and expressions, organized by topic.
Polyglot is a non-profit community dedicated to language exchange. Polyglot allows you to find the right person ready to exchange languages with you. You will search for penpals according to age, gender, location, hobbies, etc. Polyglot is fully customizable. You will choose your own icons, styles or post your own Polyglot translations, so that more people speaking your language can become a member.
The main purpose of the UniLang Community is to provide an online site where people interested in languages can unite, openly discuss, and find resources related to language(s), linguistics and translations. We are an open non-profit organization, meaning that everything on our site is publicly accessible at no cost, and membership is also free and open for everybody. All data, unless otherwise stated, is licensed under an open licence, the UniLang Public License, as opposed to a restrictive copyright.
Other Bulgarian Resources
Bulgarian Dictionaries Online
Comprehensive listing of Bulgarian dictionaries, technical reference, grammars, and other language aids.
Bulgarian Internet Radio and Online News Radio
Large directory of internet radio programs with conversation and music in a number of different audio formats.
Bulgarian Newspapers Online
Directory of online Bulgarian newspapers. | <urn:uuid:8cc17ec5-a567-44a7-999a-9f1bfcc4ee45> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.multilingualbooks.com/freelessons-bulgarian.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280761.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00093-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.901507 | 849 | 2.375 | 2 |
When was the last time you heard a company say, "Being innovative is overrated."
Probably never, because everyone wants to be innovative and the odds are that innovation is even one of their company's core values. But what do we really mean when we say, "We're an innovative company" or "We need to be a more innovative team"?
This seminar/keynote takes participants through FIVE key lessons on what it takes to be an innovator. Drawing on proprietary research and 14 years of experience in the technology, consumer goods, and finance industries, this engaging session provides breakthrough insight into what it takes to be an innovator and how and where individuals and organizations are best positioned to be innovators.
Do You Have What It Takes To Be An Innovator?
The 5 Lessons
1. Put Your Own Mask On First
2. Get Comfortable with Ambiguity & Risk
3. Understand the Innovation Life Cycle
4. Identify Your Innovation Strength
5. Build a Bridge for Others to Follow | <urn:uuid:8e5401f9-9836-43b1-b83c-6426d8a9209e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.juntostrategy.com/innovation | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00471.warc.gz | en | 0.892959 | 213 | 1.679688 | 2 |
In the face of a liquidity-strapped domestic market reaching saturation, Botswana’s most ambitious companies are looking to other parts of Africa for growth.
Botswana is often held up as one of Africa’s economic success stories, having risen up from one of the world’s poorest countries at independence to an upper-middle-income country today.
Much of this was achieved on the back of the discovery of diamonds, but the country has also seen the emergence of successful home-grown businesses in a range of sectors. However, with a population of just 2m people and fast declining liquidity in the banking industry, it is becoming more and more clear to businesses that they may need to pursue markets further afield if they are to continue growing.
It’s not surprising then that an increasing number of domestic Botswana Stock Exchange (BSE) listed companies are scrabbling to establish foreign operations.
One of those leading this charge is the consumer lending company Letshego Holdings. Established in Botswana in 1998 and listed on the BSE in 2002, the company is now active in no fewer than nine countries in southern and eastern Africa.
According to Letshego’s financial results for the 11-month period up to 31st December 2014, the group’s profits before tax exceeded the $100m mark for the first time in its history – and 60% of these profits were generated outside Botswana.
“One of the key factors we look for when identifying new markets for expansion is potential growth,” says Chris Low, Letshego’s group’s managing director. “For us, growth is going to come from population growth and diversity of economy. So while Botswana, for instance, has got resources, beef and tourism as major economic drivers, bigger economies such as Kenya also have resources and tourism but in addition to that have manufacturing and a whole load of other elements in the economy.
“And that in itself provides more opportunity by virtue of the diversity for growth at the bottom of the income pyramid, which is where our business is focused.”
While the lion’s share of Letshego’s loan book is still in Botswana (35%), Namibia (24%) and Mozambique (20%) are not far behind now and are growing steadily. Meanwhile, the company’s East African operations have great potential, with Kenya registering the fastest growth of the period at 139%.
“From a shareholder’s perspective, expansion [across Botswana’s borders] is a plus,” says Tshepo Setlhare, research analyst at the securities house Stockbrokers Botswana. “Given that the Botswana market is fairly limited, expanding into Africa brings higher turnovers for these companies, which means higher returns for shareholders in the long run.”
Setlhare adds that regional expansion has the further benefit of making a company more visible to the international market, drawing more interest and attracting more funding as a result. “It increases brand equity and goodwill, so it adds a lot of value to the shareholder if the expansion is done right.”
Another company conducting a proactive push into Africa is Choppies, Botswana’s leading supermarket chain. Choppies has a 36% market share of the country’s national food retail market, but has also engaged in a bold cross-border expansion and now has some 125 stores spread in three countries: 72 in Botswana; 35 in South Africa; and 18 in Zimbabwe.
Choppies Group CEO Ramachandran Ottapathu has indicated that the company has set itself the goal of reaching 200 stores in six different countries by December 2016.
This is an ambitious target, but one wouldn’t necessarily want to bet against a retail behemoth whose growth has already astounded critics. The company went from recording revenue of $162m between June and December 2011 to $300m during the same period in 2014.
Specifically, Choppies has targeted Kenya, Tanzania and Zambia as the next three markets to enter and has already placed a bid to acquire 10 stores in Kenya, valued at close to $10m, from the established Ukwala supermarket chain.
In late May, Choppies also made a secondary listing on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange. According to Ottapathu, the listing is intended to give the company a platform to continue its expansion as well as enhance the company’s public profile in South Africa, where it continues to expand its footprint.
According to Kabelo Moyo, Principal Consultant at KPMG Botswana, the biggest growth region on the continent looking forward will be East and West Africa. “If you look at the economic figures, the highest growth areas are north of us but gone are the days of just looking at one country,” he says. “You need to look at regional areas in order to maximise your
Moyo believes that while South Africa will remain an attractive investment destination, especially for service sector operations due to the country’s developed infrastructure, it can’t be ignored that Nigeria has overtaken it as the largest economy in Africa.
This, says Moyo, is just one of many indicators that the tide of investment will turn towards the west and east of the continent.
However, as appealing as foreign expansion may be, there are, of course, many challenges that come with entering other African markets.
One problem is that some African countries are politically unstable. For instance, Letshego established operations in South Sudan but pulled out of the country due to concerns of civil unrest, which had the potential to endanger staff. Meanwhile, property company RDC owns a four-star lodge in Madagascar which is yet to achieve profitability years after opening, due in large part to the political instability that country has experienced in recent years.
Government regulations particular to certain countries are also a potential hindrance to progress. Another property company, PrimeTime, experienced challenges in its bid to acquire property in Zambia due to regulation changes that made the environment tough for foreign investors. Meanwhile, Choppies had to ensure the majority stake in its Zimbabwe-based stores is owned by Zimbabweans in order to comply with the citizen empowerment laws of that country.
Nonetheless, Botswana companies have now dipped their feet into the water and following the success of many, there’s reason to believe these are just the early warning shots of a growing trend. Just as South Africa has so effectively done for decades, Botswana may be able to ensure sustained economic growth by spreading its own unique brand of businesses across sub-Saharan Africa and, perhaps, beyond. | <urn:uuid:c80e307a-f820-4650-ad3a-9c65f5d936e7> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://africanbusinessmagazine.com/sectors/retail/botswanas-businesses-target-regional-expansion/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281746.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00283-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96238 | 1,380 | 1.5625 | 2 |
What is a villain?
A villain is an evil real person or a fictional character, whether based on a historical narrative or one of literary fiction. Wikipedia
How important are villains to a story line? Well, consider George Wickham in ‘Pride and Prejudice.’ Would the story be as interesting if he was NOT included? How bland would Darcy and Georgiana’s lives be without Wickham trying to elope with Darcy’s sister? Even the Bennets’ lives would have been less exciting if Wickham hadn’t actually eloped with Lydia Bennet. Elizabeth also might not have come to appreciate Mr. Darcy as much if he hadn’t been willing to make Wickham marry her sibling and save the reputations of all the Bennet family.
And yet, are all villains as overt in their actions as Mr. Wickham and some others of Jane Austen’s bad buys? Maybe not. In ‘Elizabeth’s Choice’ George Wickham does make an appearance and rues the day he did. But he is not the only one with bad intentions.
Enjoy the following excerpt from ‘Elizabeth’s Choice’ when Elizabeth Darcy is asked to dance with a guest at a friend of Darcy’s whose home they were staying at. Said guest turned out to not be such a nice man after all.
Darcy suppressed a gasp of pleasure at seeing the vision of loveliness his wife presented to him. Her gown of deep green silk complimented the dark brown of her hair with its red highlights. The modiste had trimmed it with a modest amount of lace accentuated with pearls and repeated on the silk ribbon that was threaded through her abundant curls. Her skirt had a sheer overlay of slightly lighter green that shifted color in the glow of the candles and made her look like a fairy princess. My princess.
He whispered, “Elizabeth.” No other words were needed as he took her face gently in his hands and kissed her with all the passion that was in his heart.
When he let her go, and Elizabeth caught her breath, she sighed. “Mr. Darcy, I fear if we do this again, we shall never make it to the ball.”
“I care not for the ball. You know how I feel about dancing. The only one I wish to dance with is you. And staying here and having the pleasure of undressing…”
“Oh, no,” she said playfully. “We have obligations this evening. Misters Byrne, Kelly, and O’Neill have already requested dances as well as Sir Jonathan. But never fear, I told them the first and the supper dances were already taken by my husband.”
“Elizabeth. I want the last dance also.”
She saw the gleam in his eye and knew when the ball was over, the aftermath would be the best part.
“Come, Mr. Darcy. I look forward to the evening and dancing with my husband, and I hope the last dance does not cause a scandal when I dance my third with you.”
She gave him a smile full of promise, and he sighed and bowed to the inevitable: an evening dancing with the other wives. Then he smirked when he contemplated the three dances with his beloved wife. Dancing with Elizabeth was different. It was like being in heaven, and he would tolerate the rest of the evening to have that time with her.
She placed her hand over his extended one, so he could escort her to the ballroom. Elizabeth would have rather placed it around his elbow and snuggled up to him, but it would wrinkle her dress, and that wouldn’t do even before the dancing began.
As they appeared at the top of the stairs, Sir Jonathan and the other three men clapped as they came down the stairs. Elizabeth could feel her face warm, and William knew the tips of his ears were pink.
Abigail approached and said, “Elizabeth, you look lovely. You will be the envy of all the ladies at the ball.”
“Oh, I sincerely hope not. I would not wish for my husband to be calling every man out for the morrow.”
Her hostess giggled then replied, “Surely Mr. Darcy can allow the men one night to admire such a beautiful lady. No?”
“They may look but not touch except for the dancing.” He had such a stern look on his face that Abigail almost thought him serious in his comments. She didn’t know him well enough to be aware he was extremely serious and very protective of Elizabeth.
“May you both have a lovely evening and enjoy the supper. The cooks have outdone themselves in preparing a most delicious meal.” Then she left to join Sir Jonathan in the receiving line.
Darcy sighed. I must remember to keep my mind on the dancing and not worry about Elizabeth. He smirked as he thought of his intelligent wife and knew if any man on the property did not comport himself as a gentleman that she was more than capable of giving him a set down and putting him in his place. Finally, he began to relax and was determined to enjoy the evening.
Elizabeth discovered by the second one that all her dances had been taken, and she was dancing with Mr. Byrne prior to the supper dance, when he made an indecent proposal to her. Elizabeth hesitated only a moment.
When the dance allowed her to speak with him again, she smiled and commented, “How unfortunate for you, Mr. Byrne, that my husband is a jealous man. Just before we were married, he called a man out that insulted me and would have killed him had I not mentioned the imprudence of him doing so. That was the fourth time he has met someone on the field of honor. Mr. Darcy is a very honorable man…and he is an extremely good shot as well as swordsman. I would hate for your wife to become a widow so soon.” All this was said quietly as if they were having a normal conversation.
Byrne blanched and debated abandoning her on the floor but thought her husband would take it as an insult and definitely call him out. So, he staunchly finished the dance with her, escorted her to Darcy, mumbled a thank you, and nearly ran from her presence. Elizabeth was delighted he never approached her again.
“My dear, you look like the cat that ate the cream. Might I inquire as to why?”
“’Tis nothing, William. Simply a ladies’ joke,” she said with a smile.
“Ah.” And he was satisfied with the explanation, much to her relief.
The rest of the evening went well, supper was wonderful, and they enjoyed the last dance knowing what awaited them when they went back to their suite.
Later, with their passion sated, they slept until William was awakened with Elizabeth crying.
“Beloved, what is wrong?”
When she could finally speak, with a hiccup she related the nightmare she had just dreamed.
“It was dreadful. I dreamed of Wickham attacking us again, but this time he killed you and forced me to go with him without caring for your body. It tore me apart to leave you.” And she broke down crying again.
William held her close and rocked her until she fell again into a troubled sleep. He lay awake the rest of the night until well after dawn holding her tightly to him. Will she be well? Should we stay or return home to Pemberley? He would quiz her later and see what she wanted. He would do anything to keep her happy.
Although the day was fair and the wind mild, William chose to stay indoors with Elizabeth. She had had no more nightmares, but she slept poorly. He watched over her all afternoon and nodded off a time or two himself. But he would always wake when she stirred.
“William, what is the hour? Did I miss tea?”
“No matter, my love. Are you hungry? The last time you ate was at the ball.”
“Yes, I am a little bit hungry. Could you have them bring some tea and sandwiches and maybe a piece or two of fruit?”
“’Twould be my pleasure. Do you wish to dress, or should I bring your robe?”
“My robe, please.”
Elizabeth disappeared into the water closet, and when she returned, she washed her face even though the water was cold. William started when she heaved a great sigh.
“Are you unwell?”
“I am better. Thankfully, I had no more nightmares. I did sleep somewhat easy. Perhaps it was something I ate.”
“I am doubtful of that. The incident the other morning will probably stay with us for a while until time erases it. Life-threatening occurrences are not very forgettable. I just wish I could have prevented it.”
“Perhaps it is just as well you did not. I fear Wickham would have been in and out of our lives for years if he were still living. I might have been afraid every day of my life otherwise. As it is, with him dead, we are free of his machinations for the rest of our lives. I cannot regret that. No, ’tis better this way. And one day, I will forget.”
Motioning to her, William took her on his lap, mindful the maid would be returning soon with their repast. Holding her close and gently kissing her hair, her forehead, and her hand, he repeated, “I love you, Elizabeth,” as she clung to him for dear life. They had about a quarter hour until there was a knock at the door.
“A moment, please.”
Elizabeth reluctantly arose and sat in a nearby chair as William answered the door and showed the maid where to set the tray down. Then thanking her, he watched as she exited and closed the door.
Taking Elizabeth’s hand, he gave thanks audibly, and in his heart, he gave thanks again they both had survived Wickham’s attack. If he had had more men to back him up, he might have been successful, and William shivered at the thought.
He shook his head. “I am well. Never fear, Elizabeth. I am always here for you.”
She smiled and handed him a cup of coffee, but she appreciated his attempt to lift her spirits. I chose well when I accepted his hand in marriage. There will never be another like him.
She laughed, just as he desired her to, when he waggled his eyebrows at her.
“Are you missing your family?”
“Yes, and I especially miss Jane and Papa. Jane and I have not been able to write directly to each other since coming here as we knew not where we would be. So, I look forward to a pile of letters from her when we get home.”
“Of course, silly man. Pemberley is my home now. And quite lovely it is. I am just a little intimidated at becoming mistress of such great an estate. I hope Mrs. Reynolds can bring me up to snuff rapidly, so things will continue running smoothly.”
“I have no doubts you will do well. The servants are already willing to stand with my wife, and as amenable as you are and considerate of everyone, no matter their station, they will accept you without question. After all, I chose you.” With that proud comment, he puffed out his chest and nodded.
With raised eyebrows, his wife responded, “Oh, no. I chose to accept you when you offered for me.”
A passing maid startled at the laughter emanating from the Darcys’ suite. But having heard they were recently married, she could not help but smile.
Later, they dressed for dinner, and Elizabeth found herself seated next to Mr. Byrne who took great pains to ignore her and speak only with Mrs. Kelly with whom he had nothing in common. Elizabeth was hard pressed to not dissolve in laughter as she caught occasional comments from one of the two.
However, Sir Jonathan was to the right of her, and they had pleasant converse for the majority of the meal. Elizabeth had shown interest in his family history, and that opened the floodgates of information concerning Blarney castle and the former owners, one of which was Donough MacCarty, who was made 1st Earl of Clancarty.
“And when did your family acquire the castle?”
“My grandfather, Sir James St. John Jefferyes, who was the governor of Cork City at that time, purchased it in the early 1700’s. Sometime later, my family built this house where we have lived ever since.”
“And it is a very beautiful home, Sir Jonathan. There is quite a history in connection with the castle, and I am looking forward to touring it when we can.”
“If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will make arrangements for all the guests to see our pride and joy. We even have a special stone with a history of its own that I will tell about.”
“I look forward to it, and thank you, sir.”
The evening also turned out to be the most enjoyable as most of the ladies played and sang. And Lady Jefferyes even played the harp to the pleasure of all.
At the end of the evening, Sir Jonathan made an announcement about touring the castle on the morrow, and there were ooh’s and aah’s as they all looked forward to seeing the inside of one of these bastions of defense. Then the group dispersed for the evening with Byrne hurrying ahead with his wife, so he would not encounter the Darcys. Darcy looked quizzical, and Elizabeth merely shrugged, and then it was forgotten.
The next morning saw sunny skies and cool temperatures. However, the guests were not going to let anything deter them. They dressed warmly and trooped out the entrance of Blarney House and headed toward the castle a short distance away.
As they approached the large fortress, Sir Jonathan began describing the various defenses of the castle.
“The large mounds of earth and rocks around the castle are called ramparts. Since the major reason castles were built was for defense, this is Blarney Castle’s first line of defense.”
“Are not most castles surrounded by a moat?”
“Yes, they are, Mrs. Darcy. Most castles are built near rivers for that very reason. However, Blarney castle is too far from water, so the builders’ option was for ramparts instead. Scaling them would not only take much effort, the besiegers would be getting fatigued by the time they were ready to storm the castle.”
“The ramparts were a wise choice for the defenders then.”
“Yes, they were, but they were not the only defense. Each castle has several lines of defense; some on the outside, others on the inside.”
“I look forward to seeing some of these other features.”
Sir Jonathan smiled at Elizabeth and placed her hand around his elbow before Darcy realized his intention and said, “Mrs. Darcy, I would be pleased to show you…and the other guests some of these other defenses.”
Darcy raised his hand to object and Abigail Jefferyes laughed. “Mr. Darcy, my husband is just having a little fun at your expense. His real objective is bragging about his castle to anyone but especially a beautiful lady such as your wife. I trust him implicitly, and you will find you can as well. I fear he is a bit of a show-off like a little boy displaying his favorite toy. Your wife is the first one who indicated real interest, and for that reason he has taken her under his wing. She will be his protégé for the next little while until I ask him a question, and then I will be put on his arm, and you will have your wife back. In fact, if you had asked a question first, you would have become his protégé for the day.”
Darcy just rolled his eyes and continued to watch Sir Jonathan. In a few minutes, Lady Jefferyes asked a question of her husband, and he immediately abandoned Elizabeth and reached for his wife’s hand. And Darcy took back his wife with relief.
After showing the guest the portcullis, a metal grillwork that slid down and blocked the doorway, all entered the castle. Every guest appreciated they had not been required to climb the ramparts as a dirt ramp had been built so they were able to walk right to the castle doorway. Inside, Sir Jonathan proceeded to show them the murder holes, the purpose of which was to allow defenders to pour boiling water or oil down on anyone who breached the castle. While he was giving them more information about how the castle could be defended, William took Elizabeth a little further in to a large stairway.
“Elizabeth, what is the first thing you notice about the staircase?”
“It’s built in a spiral. Do you know why?”
“Can you guess why?”
“Everything about the castle involves the defense of it. I gather that this is also one of those defensive measures.”
“I knew you were an intelligent woman. And you just won fifty kisses.”
Elizabeth smiled. “But why in a clockwise spiral? What would be the advantage?”
“For defending the castle. Most people favor their right hand. Defenders of the castle would need to be able to freely swing their swords against besiegers. And they found by making the staircase in this fashion, their enemies would have difficulties wielding their swords coming up the stairs as they would find their right sides against the interior curve of the wall.”
“And the defenders would not have such a problem as they would be coming down the staircase and could swing their swords without difficulty.”
“Correct you are. I love that I have a most intelligent wife, and I will enjoy surrendering those fifty kisses to you.”
“Will you now?” And the gleam of desire in his eyes sent a frisson of delight down her spine.
“Yes, I will,” he growled and snugged her close to his side.
Turning toward the other guests, they heard Sir Jonathan speaking about the Blarney Stone and listened with avid interest.
After telling about the legend of kissing the stone and receiving the ability to speak the gift of the gab or with eloquence without offense, Sir Jonathan invited his guests to walk to the top of the castle to kiss the stone.
“Sir Jonathan, the castle is nearly 82 feet high. The men might be willing to climb that far, but I and the rest of the ladies would find it too much of a climb.”
“Mrs. Darcy, how did you know how tall the castle is?”
Elizabeth blushed to find herself the object of attention…again. “Clearing her throat, she said,” I have helped my father around Longbourn, particularly with his ledgers and the various buildings on the property. I am particularly fond of working with numbers and my father always had me do calculations for him as he found no pleasure in them. And he taught me how to determine the dimensions of the new barn we had built two years ago. I have found since then I seem to know immediately the approximate height of any structure or even a hill fairly quickly.”
“Do you mean to say I married a mathematical genius?” William whispered.
“Shhh. I do not wish that bandied about.”
He raised both hands in surrender. “I’m delighted. There are times when I am fatigued, and numbers confound me for a while. I’m more than willing to put them in the capable hands of my wife.”
“William,” she hissed.
He chuckled as he could not keep a straight face when teasing her, and Elizabeth was pleased he was learning to be more relaxed when with others and to enjoy a little banter with her as well. She would be sure to make it worth his while when they returned to their suite of rooms.
In the meantime, all the guests had decided that making a huge climb to the top of the castle was not worth it just to look at a rock, and they headed back to Blarney House after finding out how the battlements on top, that could be seen from the ground, were used for defense. All in all, they were pleased with the experience and had found the castle interesting.
All except Mr. Byrne who kept as far away from the Darcys as he possibly could. Elizabeth pretended not to notice his wife kept tugging on his arm and speaking to him in a low voice as they walked away from the castle. She had to hide her smirk as she felt he had earned it.
I love Elizabeth’s response at Mr. Byrne’s attempt at seduction. He was not a nice man at all, and he would have been shocked if Darcy had found out about what he suggested to Elizabeth. Perhaps it is just as well he didn’t. 🙂
As to Mr. Wickham, you will have to read the book to find out what happened to him. It was everything he heartedly deserved.
Get a copy at only $2.99 for the next two weeks, and I hope you enjoy it. | <urn:uuid:920755de-3dc1-4afd-a57b-58972f1a0eae> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.austenauthors.net/how-to-handle-a-villain-in-pride-and-prejudice/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00266.warc.gz | en | 0.98923 | 4,679 | 2.8125 | 3 |
Building scalable communication models_S Shankar Narayan (Population Services International)_2012
How health communication campaigns affect behaviour & the role mass media plays in it.
Published on: Mar 4, 2016
Transcripts - Building scalable communication models_S Shankar Narayan (Population Services International)_2012
India – Building Scalablecommunications’ models… S.Shankar Narayanan Director, Programs, PSI India
Why mass media?• India is a developed media market – 80%+ of the TG are reached through mass media - comprising TV, print, radio, outdoor, mobile, social media – TV is the main medium for entertainment • Opportunity to build an emotional connect and aspiration – The target audience believes mass media is a credible source for information – Mass media builds quick awareness – Anecdotal evidence suggests mass media results in people seeking more information about products and services
Stages of readiness and media effectivenessAdapted from “Stages of Buyer Readiness”, Philip Kotler, MarketingManagement, 11th Ed, 2003.
Effects of Health Communication Campaigns on Behavior Campaign Effect Size on Behavior (d)Adapted from Snyder, Leslie 2007b and Snyder et al. 2009
Selection of mediaCase study 1- People seeking treatment for STIs from Key Clinics % of men seeking treatment 25% 23% 21% 18% 20% 18% 14% 13% 15% 12% 12% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 5% 0% IPC Street Outdoor Ads Electronic Baseline-May 06 Theatre Ads Dec 06 Not-exposed Dec 06 Exposed
Selection of MediaCase study 2- Emergency Contraceptive Use of EC 12 10.1 8.1 10 8 3.9 % Use 6 3.2 2.4 4 1.4 2 0 Baseline Endline - Not Endline -Mass Media exposed Ev er use of EC Use of regular contraceptiv e after use of EC
3 models… Pilot and take to scale Other geography – MM only Program focus Other program geography: geography: MM + PBCC + MM + PBCC IPC Legend: MM- Mass Media; PBCC – Provider Behaviour Change Communications; IPC – Inter-personal communications
The process - Research to Action Build an archetype Identify key determinants of behavior w.r.t. the prioritized determinant identify: •beliefs to reinforce (perceived benefits) and/or •beliefs to change (perceived barrier) Create a brand or campaign personality State the brand/campaign promise Position relative to competing behaviors or brands
Process – Research to Action IUCD - Freedom5• Archetype: – Poonam – the happy homemaker All her aspirations revolve around her children and her husband. She wants to free herself from the fear of pregnancy so that she can respond to her husband sexually, without holding back• Determinants of Behaviour: – Poonam will adopt Freedom5 if she was convinced it is as good as sterilization with the added benefit of reversibility* * 2010 TRaC Study• Reinforce core benefit: – Freedom5 will give me ‘peace of mind’
Results – Reach and Recall of TV Ad• Implementation: – On air in end December 2010 and JuIy 2011 – Results of the Reach & recall study in January 2011 • Reach of the campaign - 59.4% of TG • Of those reached: – 59.5% agreed with the statement, ‘Freedom 5 can prevent pregnancy for up to 5 years’ – 33.4% agreed with the statement, ‘Freedom 5 is a reversible method’ – 22.9% agreed with the statement, ‘Freedom 5 is better than other methods’ – 7.9% visited a provider to seek information about Freedom 5 and 41.6% discussed Freedom 5 with their husband
Take Home # 1 Weight of the evidence• Mass media have had measurable and consistent positive effects in FP & HIV programming.• The effects of mass media are greater in developing countries.• Longer interventions have had greater impact
Take Home # 2 Mass Media operates in 2 ways• Stand alone: – Increase knowledge, self-efficacy, risk-perception – Promote behaviors (e.g., condom use, fewer partners)• Service-linked: – Create demand for services (e.g., FP,STI/male circumcision) – Establish community norms (e.g., use of ART, PMTCT) – Enhance compliance through counseling (FP,ICTC,MC, ART, PMTCT)
Take Home # 3 Cost Effective• Mass media are cost effective• For any statistically significant effect size, mass media interventions are generally more cost-effective than alternative interventions• They reach such a large % of the population.
Take Home # 4 Policy implications• Mass media are essential to future Health interventions programming: Changes behaviors – outside clinic Change community norms Increase service utilization (USE)
What we think works well• Evidence lead – Consumer insights ( difference between lead & decide)• Tight brief – Audience segmentation• 360 Surround and engage – execution discipline• Private sector techniques – aspirational, emotional connect and the ‘ zeigarnic effect’• Partnerships – sustainability | <urn:uuid:85c7b8f3-dbec-41d5-91a4-c22a95558808> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://hubslide.com/india-water-portal/building-scalable-communication-modelss-shankar-narayan-population-services-international2012-s56d90de18d070ead0ecf907f.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719843.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00291-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.858252 | 1,083 | 2.09375 | 2 |
Proposals covering employment, judicial affairs and human rights would all be unacceptable to the Conservatives as they stand. The treaty is currently under negotiation in the EU's Inter-Governmental Conference, which resumes in Brussels today. So irritated are other states at Britain's intransigence that they are also planning ways of moving ahead without Britain if necessary.
There are three broad areas where the proposed treaty will face outright opposition from London. The first is employment. Most European states, alarmed by the rise in joblessness, are intent on putting in a new chapter that would aim to boost employment and co- ordinate policy across Europe. It would create a new EU employment strategy, put in place incentive measures to create jobs, and set up a new Employment Committee to liaise with trade unions and management.
The second neuralgic proposal is the creation of a new treaty article to defend fundamental rights. This would give the European Court of Justice powers to decide whether states were respecting rights, and allow the EU to penalise states which were deemed to be in breach of their commitments. It would outlaw discrimination on grounds of race, sex, national or ethnic origin, disability, age, sexual orientation, religion or social origin and add a new policy of creating equality between men and women.
The third area of contention is justice and home affairs, which covers immigration, the fight against crime and legal matters. The draft treaty would again boost the role of the European Court of Justice and the Commission, and introduce majority voting in some areas. It would create a new treaty article covering "freedom, security and justice" which would cover asylum, immigration, the fight against drugs, fraud, and attempt to make Europe's legal systems more compatible.
There is much in the treaty proposals that Britain can accept. The section on foreign policy is largely adapted from British proposals. Though there are some ideas on defence that Britain will not accept, it seems likely to win its arguments in this area. John Major has said that he will strongly resist any attempt to create new powers for Europe, even if that means wielding the British veto to block all progress of a new treaty. The Tories believe they will gain vital electoral support by pursuing a hard line against Brussels, while portraying Labour as poodles of Europe.
Mr Major is now set on a collision course that will run right through to next year's election. Officials meet in Brussels today to discuss the proposed amendments, and ministers will discuss them next Monday. They will be put into a new draft treaty by the time of the second Dublin summit in December, followed by further detailed negotiations leading to a concluding treaty summit in Amsterdam, scheduled for June 1997.
But one leading Tory told The Independent last week that Mr Major would also use the forthcoming battle - in defence of British sovereignty - as a means of countering the public perception that he is "a weak leader". Labour sources are sceptical about the impact of that ploy, noting that Mr Major's "tough" stance on BSE ended in retreat.
The EMU debate, page 8
Leading article, page 13Reuse content | <urn:uuid:7b3eeb7e-2616-4c01-afe9-bfa56859a40c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.independent.co.uk/news/major-set-for-collision-over-maastricht-2-1359453.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00493-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.966276 | 626 | 1.820313 | 2 |
Had a clear weekend and got a chance to setup the telescope. This is the tadpole nebula, or IC 410.
The tadpole nebula is nearby, only around 12,000 light-years away and is a very young stellar nursery. The region is undergoing intense star formation, but the oldest stars in it are just babies, being only around 4 million years old. In comparison, the last image I posted was a galaxy who’s light has traveled over three times the length of time this nebula has been around.
You can see two structures in this nebula, it’s tadpoles. These are areas where stars will probably be formed soon (in astronomical terms). They’re around 10 lightyears in length, they look tiny, but they’re huge!
If you google this image you might find it has different colors. That’s because this image is shot in narrowband and colors are assigned to certain elemental emissions spectrum. In reality it’s mostly red, but we astronomers get to play with the colors how we like. This is presented in the traditional “Hubble palette” which is how Hubble images are processed. | <urn:uuid:a6669568-7ed5-4244-a2ba-25084d50de9c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.jeromehollon.com/astro/2022-02-18-ic-410/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570921.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809094531-20220809124531-00275.warc.gz | en | 0.949069 | 250 | 2.9375 | 3 |
A vast collection of treasures, gift and souvenirs given to Israel has been unveiled by the Knesset, the Hebrew-language daily Maariv reported Thursday.
As the staff of the Knesset storeroom opened the vault on Tuesday, they first removed a black satin jewelry box. Inside, was a gold necklace with a 30-diamond pendant, that shone across the room. Just one of the many dust collecting gifts bestowed upon the Knesset and MKs over the years.
The Knesset has recently begun cataloging its plethora of gifts, some of great value or historic significance, others with sentimental meaning.
“We are taking inventory, and have called in government appraisers, so we can insure the gifts,” Said Dan Amar, Director of the Knesset Logistics Division.
No one can estimate the true value of the Knesset treasures. The diamond pendant necklace, for example, was given to Opposition Leader MK Tzipi Livni (Kadima) by the wife of the king of Morocco during a secret visit to the capital, Rabat, when she was Foreign Minister.
Livni quickly deposited the gift in the Knesset storage vault, as per the law regarding gifts to Knesset members. Livni also received a diamond-and-gemstone gold necklace with a set of gold rings, courtesy of the Jewish Federation of Morocco.
Knesset storeroom workers produced a rolled-up Persian carpet with gold embroidery. It was donated to the Knesset in 1977, “A humble gift from Yaakov Sahim-Halevi, Teheran, Iran” was the inscription it bore. It was originally estimated at 140 thousand shekels, and awaits official appraisal.
In another corner were two ivory tusks donated in the 70s by Morris el-Khadif. Originally estimated at 90 thousand shekels, they may now be of different value, since ivory trade is prohibited at present. They were once on display in the Knesset, but were placed in storage after the trade ban.
The “Representative of the Municipal councils of Stalingrad, Russia” gave the Knesset a leather whip a decade ago. The government of Taiwan gave a small white gramophone-clone radio, and the delegation of the Committee for Foreign Affairs and Security received an original geisha dress, decorated with lilac and jasmine flowers on a visit to the far east.
There were dozens of eastern vases, china sets, porcelain dishes, statuettes, goblets, gold and silver coins, ties, pens, gold-plated cufflinks, portraits, books, albums, and even a 200-year-old bottle of whiskey, all gifts for the Knesset and its members.
Interestingly, the article was picked up by the Chinese language Xinhua and copied in the China's People's Daily Online. | <urn:uuid:041255e9-a2bb-4349-ba19-0addafdb5fda> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.israelnationalnews.com/news/145701 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571198.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810161541-20220810191541-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.955356 | 609 | 1.601563 | 2 |
My good fiber arts friend of many years, Thelma Smith, made this series of homeless people she met up with when she was searching for her son, Norman, who suffered from mental/emotional issues probably stemming from a developmental challenge. She generally made the quilts bigger than real life, painted them and then stitched them. She also put very few facial features on them in one way giving them dignity, and in another way showing them as the invisible people in our society. This series of quilts always held great appeal for me and I always wished she could have put it out into a public gallery where a lot of people could see it and realize how important and unaddressed this problem is today.
I think of the homeless people all the time. I have had young people show up in my classrooms, and when I offered them food that I used to bring for my teens who were in my study class, they would come back everyday just to get a breakfast/lunch though they were not actually in my classroom. They would come during a break when the other children were gone and always would talk to me. I remember one boy who told me his folks and he and his sisters and brothers were sleeping on the floor in a store owned by someone who knew them. I always made sure he took extra food. I cannot begin to imagine what a child who is homeless must go through emotionally, having to keep it a secret to prevent being bullied, and arriving at school hungry in the morning. The homeless are “cracks in the pavement.” We see them, but pass right by them as we would step on those cracks.
I’ve seen and tried to help a lot of homeless people in my life. Sometimes the people are clearly suffering so much, I could not possibly help but cry. How sad is it to see an elderly woman in barely enough raggedy clothes to protect her from the cold, pushing a recycled wheelchair likely from a garbage throwaway, with her husband in it, and the only blanket covering him as she tried to protect and push him to the free clinic near where I used to live. But the saddest thing is how others turn away from them, pretending they don’t exist.
All of these people at one time or another were probably just like you and me. It may have been only for a very short time when they were very young, but we need to remember that they are human beings just like us. We cannot know what happened in their lives to make them into homeless people, but it had to be dramatic. No one wants to live out in the rain or snow, and to sleep on concrete or on the cold ground, to have to find food in trash cans, or to go to the bathroom out wherever they can find a place, and have no way to clean themselves at all. And no one wants to get hurt, tortured, raped, or murdered perhaps for as little as the blanket they are using to keep warm.
Their need to communicate is no different than ours. I remember when I was out of work from one of those jobs with a big title, and could not find a job, not because I was not qualified, but I was overqualified. I too had a short period of semi-homelessness. Luckily I had a lot of friends who would let me stay a night or two at their home and feed me and my pets, and I did find another job quickly. The time was never wasted. I was working as a volunteer at Harbor UCLA Medical Center, a teaching hospital, and if I worked four hours, I got a free lunch in the doctor’s cafeteria, which had the best food. I would get a salad, a full meal, and dessert. So I would eat my salad for lunch, wrap up my dinner and desert and have that later. I could go to the free clinic and get in quickly since I had my volunteer vest on, and I could also get needed shots downstairs in the hospital. I quickly taught myself how to go in the library and do my own medical research to determine pretty much accurately every time what I had, and the doctors in the free clinic always looked forward to treating me because I saved them time and always made the correct diagnosis. It is a habit that has followed me thru life, and I have made the right choices every time by doing my research.
I had the priviledge of working as a volunteer in the Neonatal Section of the hospital, where we treated hundreds of women with all manner of issues – homelessness, drugs, poor prenatal care, etc. I was responsible for the Newborn Hearing Screening, and I did my job well. The people I worked with actually wanted to hire me, but as hospitals tend to do things, they decided to hire a service instead so that they would not have the expense of an employee (i.e. benefits, etc.) to deal with. I also taught the women in the Neonatal Section about the benefits of breastfeeding when it was possible. The drug addicts could not nurse their babies, and it was heartbreaking to watch the babies shaking and crying all the time from the damage done to their tiny systems.
One night a Hispanic young lady came in and had her baby. It was premature, and would have to stay in the hospital, but she wanted to breastfeed her baby. I suspect she came over to the U.S. as a mule, or person who came over with drugs inserted somewhere in her body, a very common thing. We fixed her up with the equipment to pump her breasts for the baby, and she left for the group home she was staying in. She was NOT one of the drug people at all, and a very sweet and very young woman. I doubt she was older than 17, and possibly younger. She never came back to to the hospital, and we suspected that she was picked up again by the men who watch out for the mules, or some other form of human trafficking. So the problem was that the police could not look for someone they knew absolutely nothing about. She was literally an invisible person. Now a child will potentially grow up without ever knowing its mother, and a mother somewhere might be mourning her loss, or perhaps be even dead. We will never know. I send prayers for the homeless, and I am glad that Thelma Smith gave them dignity by not painting their faces, and making them bigger than life. | <urn:uuid:da40ca0e-ebdb-4045-b2f9-1da3aca9fc21> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://allinadaysbreath.wordpress.com/category/invisible/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00068.warc.gz | en | 0.992727 | 1,315 | 1.84375 | 2 |
As the world of smartphone applications continues to grow, a Binghamton University professor and a recent graduate have carved out their own path in the field.
They have successfully developed a smartphone application that allows users to record observations on weather, climate and wildlife around Lake Sunapee in Sunapee, N.H.
The application is essentially complete and will be heavily used around the lake this spring and summer, according to Kenneth Chiu, assistant professor of computer science.
The app, called the LSPA (Lake Sunapee Protective Association) Recorder, has been tested on 10 Android smartphones that were purchased with a grant provided by the National Science Foundation.
Brett Taylor, who graduated from BU in December with a master’s degree in computer science, developed the program for his master’s termination project along with Chiu.
The app allows a “citizen scientist to enter interesting events related to weather, climate and wildlife,” Chiu said.
The main interface allows users to select from categories such as temperature or precipitation, followed by drop-down menus that allow entering of specifics, such as an animal sighting or the amount and severity of precipitation.
“GPS is used to pinpoint the location of the sighting,” Chiu said. “The user can refine or adjust the location given by the GPS using a Google Maps interface.”
Once it is entered, the data is uploaded to a centralized database in the computer science department, where it may be viewed later. This, according to Chiu, allows for a more efficient form of data recording, rather than paper and pen.
Without the app, users would have to enter data on paper forms, that would be collated later on. Chiu believes that this would cause interest to be low and that it would be unlikely for people to bring the forms with them when they needed them. Someone would also have to manually go through the forms to enter the data. According to Chiu, this app saves weeks and even months of tabulating results by hand.
“I enjoyed working on the LSPA Recorder project because even though the project is not necessarily breaking boundaries from a computer science perspective, it is still perceived as cool and somewhat cutting edge since the project was developed for Android smartphones,” Taylor said. “A project like this is great for students to gain experience in interfacing with customers and developing software that is used by real people.”
Taylor said the project is already live, and members of the LSPA and others are already using it to record measurements and observations about the environment.
Chiu and Taylor took part in teleconferences with Lake Sunapee members and scientists Kathleen Weathers of the Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies and David Richardson, a biology professor at SUNY New Paltz. Chiu and Taylor then made a visit to Lake Sunapee to do some “preliminary designs,” Chiu said.
Taylor then worked on the code for the application, periodically sending out a new version for feedback from scientists and members of the LSPA.
The application was jointly conceived by members of the LSPA in New Hampshire and Weathers and Richardson. According to Chiu, June Fichter, executive director of the LSPA, was instrumental in the creation of the app, but other members of the LSPA have greatly contributed as well.
Joel Brandhorst, an undergrad at BU, will be working on the project this semester for his undergrad internship as well. | <urn:uuid:8b449cee-f1f0-4d18-b9d4-14553c58cd23> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://www.bupipedream.com/news/3195/binghamton-graduate-designs-android-application/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720000.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00025-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.966875 | 723 | 2.328125 | 2 |
Welcome to another installment of Model’s approach to Unified Endpoint Management. This is part of a series of posts and videos we’ve done about our proprietary approach to UEM and the different stages of maturity in the categories of our maturity model. You can find the Maturity Model videos playlist on YouTube here.
In today’s post we’re going to cover:
- Our running definition of Unified Endpoint Management
- A brief review of our proprietary Maturity Model
- An brief explanation of what it mean to be a Level 5 maturity in your Configuration Management
What is Unified Endpoint Management?
The standard definition of Unified Endpoint Management is…
…a single platform for management of devices such as phones, tablets, and desktops supporting many different use cases.
At Model Technology Solutions, our definition expands on this a little bit:
Model’s Definition: A collection of processes supported by technology for the management of devices such as phones, tablets, laptops, and desktops supporting many different use cases coupled with well-defined processes, molded to your organization’s security and application needs, to enable productivity while reducing potential security risks.
Our definition, in addition to the platform, also includes processes that take into account your organization’s security needs, application needs, and personas. The ultimate goal of Unified Endpoint Management is to enable productivity while reducing any potential security risks and minimizing costs, and the processes that you implement are as much a part of that as the platform that you use.
Our Maturity Model
Model’s maturity model uses five stages or phases to define endpoint management characteristics.
- Initial phase: You’re starting to recognize that you have a need for a unified solution to manage these tasks.
- Repeatable phase: You’re doing things the same way, repeatedly, over and over again, which improves efficiency and security.
- Defined phase: You have intentionally created robust definitions on how things are being done.
- Managed phase: You are in a state where your endpoints are fully controlled.
- Efficient stage: Your processes are highly-defined, and you’re gathering and using deep analytics to drive those capabilities and improve on your management.
These phases rank our five categories for endpoint management.
These categories include:
- Management infrastructure
- Configuration management
- Updates and servicing
- Application management
- Endpoint security
If you’d like more information on any of these categories or their different phases, be sure to check out the playlist linked at the beginning of this post or find previous posts from the series on our blog.
In today’s post we’re going to dive into Configuration Management and what it looks like to be at a Level 5 maturity in this category.
Configuration Management Level 5
Configuration management (CM) tools are a necessity in any size organization. CM tools help prevent unwanted changes in the environment, enable you to control the user experience, patching processes, software deployments, and many other functions. In enterprises, the administrator typically uses the CM tool to setup a baseline configuration or set of settings for the users. This creates a predictable space for their work to be completed while staying within the boundaries of security and compliance requirements. While this landscape has changed in the modern world, the need for a configuration system is still very much a necessity.
At a level 5:
- Provisioning processes are robust, well defined, and potentially even automated (or are at least more automated than they are manual).
- Endpoint configuration is thoroughly defined by role.
- Configuration drift is managed, meaning that when a machine is put out on the floor, it is maintaining the security and configuration posture you put together.
- Robust self-service capabilities exist.
- Deprovisioning processes are well defined and potentially automated.
Whether you have machines on-prem, in the cloud, or are repurposing a machine, provisioning can look very different.
Organizations that aren’t very mature in this category may be building machines by hand or buying them from different vendors and then just handing them out to users. The time you acquired the machine might dictate what apps or configuration you have installed. This is the lowest, most basic level of the provisioning process, if one could even call it a “process”.
In a highly mature environment, however, your Configuration Management becomes far more refined.
If you’re using the cloud to do your provisioning, you might be autopiloting and presenting a lot of optional applications to the end user for consumption. Even if many of your applications are SAAS-based or you have some that need to be installed, they are installed within an hour of the user logging in, if not prior to the end of autopilot being provisioned.
In an on-prem environment, you might have a interface like Model’s Dynamic Deployment Interface (a tool created to replace the User Driven Installation wizard) which provides a robust set of applications and standard configuration sets for devices.
For example, say you’re a user in a marketing department. You want a machine that has all of your marketing tools installed and the machine to have whatever permissions it needs to do your job. In a re-provisioning process, you would either reset the machine and let it autopilot, or in an on-prem environment you’d re-image the machine based on the configuration profile you chose.
However, to get to that point, you potentially have to define your configurations by role. Defining this role-based configuration is a sure sign of a high-level of management maturity in Configuration Management. In the graphic below, you have a variety of different people, resources, or personas in your environment. Those people potentially need different applications and machine types to do their job effectively. If this process is not well defined (unless you are familiar with the environment that machines need to be applied to) users can get very frustrated when you provide them with a new machine.
In Configuration Management Level 5, app deployment is standardized. People in the project management department get Microsoft project and maybe Power BI. Whereas in financial management, they might get access to the ERP system and Power BI instead.
In role-based configuration, the simpler you can make the roles the better. Both small and large organizations can have lots of complexities in defining roles, but ultimately what you need to do is learn what end users need and provide a configuration process that enables productivity. Your users need to have the right apps at the right time, every time, so that they can get to work and not spend time twiddling their thumbs waiting for their apps so they can get to work.
Once the initial provisioning process is completed, or a setting has been deployed through some mechanism in your environment, that setting is now always applied at a snapshot in time, for example during the provisioning process, an update, a refresh, or a login. This includes things like:
- Configuration Profiles
There are many ways to provide these settings. However, making sure they are applied, reapplying them if necessary, and validating that they need to be reapplied is the only way to ensure a consistent operating environment.
Oftentimes IT teams want to provide the initial configuration and let users change it from that point forward. That is certainly an acceptable way to do it, to a point. After that point, you always want to be able to control certain elements of the operating environment all the time. While you might give users options for customizable elements, you still want an overall control of these elements that is managed from your IT department.
Another element of Level 5 Configuration Management is a robust set of self-service capabilities to your end users. This includes:
- Applications for installation, whether you’re in a cloud or on-prem environment
- Updating the operating system to the next version from both a security patch and an operating system perspective
- Requests for non-sanctioned apps
- Password resets
The ultimate idea here is to give users authority and customizability to the best of your ability. You want to try to minimize the amount of requests that they need to make to you, so that they’re able to be as self-sufficient as they can during working hours. In the end they’re happier, your infrastructure is more efficient and secure, and you have more time to allocate that you’re not spending manually provisioning and configuring devices.
Often the deprovisioning process we hear about people using is, “Hey, go ahead and hand your machine to Jim over there, and he’ll take care of it.”
Now, Jim might run a DOD wipe, or he might not. He might let the machine sit, or he might just reimage it for the next user. Without a good life cycle management process from provisioning to deprovisioning, you can create non-ideal situations in your environment like:
- Data leaks
- Inaccurate inventory
If you just reimage or autopilot a machine and hand it to somebody else when a user moves on from the organization, that’s poor life cycle management. The age, usability of the device, and when the device is getting retired should all be taken into consideration during the deprovisioning process. Many of us take this for granted and just retire or reprovision the machine. There’s a lot of things that can go into a discovery to ensure that you’re doing a service and not a disservice to the organization. A solid deprovisioning process takes into account the age of the device, the use case of the device, and the data wiping processes for a retired device to name a few. While this process is similar from organization to organization, the details will vary.
Benchmark Your IT Maturity
All of these elements are the essential elements to highly mature Configuration Management in your environment. But how do you get there? You need to start with a benchmark of where you’re at then develop a roadmap for where you want to be, and we’d love to help with that. Our IT Maturity Health Check service is a perfect way to assess the maturity of your infrastructure across the board. With this data, you can then identify the best categories to improve and projects to implement in order to improve your maturity, and reap the benefits that result from it in security, compliance, and cost-effectiveness.
Practically what this service looks like is:
- A short questionnaire
- A 90-minute onboarding
- A 90-minute review session
Our first 90-minute session will help us get a deeper understanding of your environment. We’ll review everything from business operations, alignment, challenges, roadblocks, user adoption of new technology, and talk about specifics of where you’re at from a technical and a tactical standpoint in each of the categories.
Using your questionnaire and the information from this session, we’ll create a findings and a prioritized recommendations list that we’ll deliver in the next 90-minute session. You will also have the opportunity to ask any questions about how we operate or about the report. The information delivered during the second session will help you identify projects you could use to improve your maturity.
If you’d like to learn more about the Health Check, you can follow the links in this paragraph. Many of our current clients have gone through the Health Check and found it to be a tremendous value.
Questions? Feel free to reach out! You can use our contact page, or you can email me at firstname.lastname@example.org. Always happy to chat! | <urn:uuid:cf8a5a87-eccf-4472-a8c3-3a8d7a4c3f33> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://model-technology.com/blog/configuration-management-level-5/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00069.warc.gz | en | 0.921774 | 2,474 | 1.640625 | 2 |
You Don't Own the Wind
MINNEAPOLIS (CN) - The city of Orono, Minn., adopted an illegal ban on wind power stations, a wind power company and landowners claim in court.
Go Green Energy and Jay and Kendall Nygard sued Orono in Hennepin County Court, joined by plaintiff the Micro Wind Advisory Council.
Orono, pop. 8,000, is a wealthy western exurb of Minneapolis.
They claim that Minnesota has enacted laws and policies to encourage sustainable and renewable energy sources, including "small wind energy conversion systems," defined as "any combination of wind energy conversion system and any device such as a wind charger, windmill, or wind turbine and associated facilities that convert wind energy to electrical energy and have a capacity of less than 5,000 kilowatts."
But on Dec. 9, 2013, Orono "adopted a complete ban on small wind energy conversion systems," the complaint states.
The plaintiffs claim this ordinance is pre-empted by Minnesota Statute § 216F.02(b), "which prohibits local governments from enacting complete bans on businesses and homeowners using SWECS [small wind energy conversion systems] to generate electricity."
What's more, the plaintiffs say: "The wind is not a property interest of the government; the wind, as it enters the land boundaries of a property owner, is the property interest of the person who has a right to harvest the wind to benefit himself or herself, to benefit the health and welfare of his or her family or to protect his property."
They seek declaratory judgment that Orono's law is pre-empted by state law, and that it violates their statutory personal interests, and an injunction prohibiting its enforcement.
They are represented by Erick Kaardal with Mohrma, Kaardal & Erickson.
Wind power projects have met community opposition, even in liberal, environmentally conscious states such as Massachusetts and Vermont, from people who believe the towers and unsightly and may harm birds.
Orono's median household income of $106,970 is nearly twice the state median of $56,954, according to city-data.com. Its median home value of $562,308 is more than triple the statewide median of $183,500, according to city-data. It is 93 percent white. It is on the northern shore of Lake Minnetonka. | <urn:uuid:7574a3e5-8b08-43f2-9439-7b20f8361302> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.courthousenews.com/2014/05/09/67743.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281069.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00274-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.944209 | 502 | 1.765625 | 2 |
A Few Words About Us
Vision & Mission
We believe that teaching children through experiences they are familiar with is the most practical and natural way for a child to be successful in their learning. Children need to want to learn, it cannot be forced and our approach will instill a love for learning within each child. To do this we give each child a chance to move, touch and think, so they retain the concepts that are being taught. Our approach will spark a genuine curiosity and academic interest for cognitive learning within each child. Our teachers offer the appropriate opportunities to expand on each child’s individual skill set. We offer a classroom filled with purposeful materials that invite interaction and age appropriate activity. Children will work at their own pace while being encouraged to challenge themselves to enhance their early learning skills. Our individualized approach promotes the development of good work habits and a positive self-image. This will become the critical foundation that fosters further learning, confidence and future academics.
What We Offer1
Little Scholars Early Learning Program (AM) or Little Scholars JK/SK Early Learning Program (PM)
Little Scholars Reading & Homework Club
Private and Group Tutoring Lessons
March Break & Summer Camps
All staff at Little Scholars Academy have obtained an Early Childhood Education Diploma or Equivalent. They all have a strong background with children and contribute individual creativity when implementing academics within our program. Every staff member has an up to date First Aid and CPR Certification and has been trained to follow the unique curriculum of Little Scholars Academy. | <urn:uuid:4d998046-a759-4c63-8378-a520f17393b7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.littlescholarsacademy.ca/about-us/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573163.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818033705-20220818063705-00077.warc.gz | en | 0.932889 | 313 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Location: Located nearby Jagannath Temple in Jagannath Puri, Lakshmi Temple is small but of great religious importance.
Description: Lakshmi Temple is dedicated to Goddess Lakshmi, the wife of Lord Jagannath. It is one of the most important shrines surrounding the main Jagannath Temple. The temple lies in a location from where tourists can feel the murmuring sounds of water and coldness in the air. You may also worship other gods and goddesses in the temple. In Hindu culture, Goddess Lakshmi is considered as the deity of wealth, happiness and prosperity. Anagha, which means sinless, is another name of the goddess. A large number of devotees visit Lakshmi Temple throughout the year to seek blessings from the goddess. It is believed that Goddess Lakshmi protects her devotees from all kinds of sufferings, especially misery and money related problems. Diwali is a main Hindu festival celebrated in the honor of Goddess Lakshmi every year.
Activities: Lakshmi Temple plays a very important role during Rath Yatra and the rituals of the main Gundicha temple. On the fifth day of Rath Yatra, known as Hera Panchami, Goddess Lakshmi, in the form of Subarna Mahalakshmi, is carried in a palanquin and priests carry her to Gundicha temple to meet her Husband, Lord Jagannath. | <urn:uuid:d0bcbf75-41e7-4c3b-99b1-b47c7e1a6713> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.myhappyjourney.com/attraction/397/Lakshmi-Temple | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281353.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00061-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961974 | 286 | 2.328125 | 2 |
The U. S. government is worried about James Fenimore Cooper. Not so much the dead novelist, but the Los Angeles banking executive who shares his name. Cooper is on the airline security "selectee list," which requires him to undergo additional screening every time he boards an airplane.
The government, citing security concerns, won't divulge how the list is compiled. So passengers who end up on it can only guess why they have been selected — unless one of the criteria is sharing the name of a 19th century American author.Perhaps the feds came to their decision after reading Mark Twain's essay detailing "Fenimore Cooper's Literary Offenses."
Cooper, who has not researched his family history far enough back to know whether he is related to the author of "The Last of the Mohicans," has largely learned how to deal with the inconveniences of being on the selectee list. [Link] | <urn:uuid:240bcd15-0685-44eb-80e0-998daa7b406d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.genealogue.com/2006/07/jane-austens-real-threat.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281226.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00376-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.973011 | 185 | 1.78125 | 2 |
New deal for US sub tech
After years spent chasing diesel technology, Australia is going nuclear.
In a joint press conference, US President Joe Biden, Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison and British Prime Minister Boris Johnson have announced a new trilateral partnership dubbed ‘AUKUS’.
The new partnership is intended to strengthen the military presence and operability of allies in the Indo-Pacific.
It will see Australia obtain nuclear submarines for the first time, in a move that is expected to send a strong message to China about regional capabilities.
Mr Morrison says the new submarines will be built in Adelaide, but without establishing a civil nuclear industry.
“The future of the Indo-Pacific will impact all our futures. To meet these challenges, to help deliver the security and stability our region needs, we must now take our partnership to a new level,” Mr Morrison said.
“The first major initiative of AUKUS will be to deliver a nuclear-powered submarine fleet for Australia.
“Over the next 18 months, we will work together to seek to determine the best way forward to achieve this. This will include an intense examination of what we need to do to exercise our nuclear stewardship responsibilities here in Australia.”
It is only the second time the US has shared its military nuclear technology, the first being a deal with the UK in 1958.
“We see this as a very rare engagement between Australia, Great Britain and the US,” a White House official has told reporters.
“We’ve done this only once 70 years ago, with Great Britain. The technology is extremely sensitive and is a major exemption to the usual policy. This is a one-off.”
The deal means Australia’s $90 billion contract with French shipbuilder Naval Group is likely to be scrapped.
The French deal was one of the world's most lucrative defence agreements. It has been beset by issues and delays due to Canberra's requirement that the majority of the manufacturing and components be sourced locally.
The plan was to create a diesel-electric version of Naval Group's 5,000-tonne Barracuda nuclear-powered submarine by removing its reactors and installing diesel units.
Australia will now switch to an American-made nuclear-powered submarine.
The British government is expected to support Australia with reactor technology locally.
There are also some suggestions that the US is planning to operate some of its Virginia class nuclear-powered submarines out of Perth's naval base, HMAS Stirling.
The previous plan with Naval Group would have seen 12 submarines built in Adelaide, but with the submarines now to be built in the US, Adelaide is expected to retain deep maintenance duties on the Collins class submarines, rather than see it shift to Perth.
Terminating the French contract is expected to cost taxpayers up to $400 million.
Independent Senator Rex Patrick, a former Navy submariner, says Australia will have serious troubles trying to run nuclear submarines because it does not have adequate experience with nuclear technology.
“Acquiring, operating and maintaining a nuclear submarine fleet without a domestic nuclear power industry is a challenge that must not be underestimated,” he said.
“The nuclear safety and non-proliferation safeguards issues are unquestionably complex and likely to be controversial.
“This proposed project would also most likely require new treaty level agreements with the United States and/or the United Kingdom, requiring Congressional and Parliamentary approval.
“There are many significant issues that will need to be properly considered and I fear that they haven’t yet.
“The Senate Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade References Committee will need to undertake a wide ranging and rigorous inquiry to inform Government, Opposition, the Parliament and most importantly the Australian people before the next election.
“It’s a huge decision, taken as a consequence of an absolute procurement shambles by the Turnbull and Morrison Liberal Governments.
“We don’t want an even bigger repeat of that failure and this massive project should not proceed further without full transparency and scrutiny.” | <urn:uuid:888b6067-ca0b-4ffa-92a4-c0fe875a74ee> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.financialservicescareer.com.au/archived-news/new-deal-for-us-sub-tech | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.940981 | 840 | 1.898438 | 2 |
I Want To...
I Want To...
Find Research Faculty
Enter the last name, specialty or keyword for your search below.
School of Medicine
I Want to...
Circling the Dome
Tuning In to Tranquility
Through a bank of evergreens, snowy mountains stand watch over a lake. Moments later, Pacific waters lap at a crystal-white beach. In the background, piano and guitar music provide a gentle soundtrack.
You’re not hiking in Glacier National Park or along the Oregon coast; you’re actually in a patient room at The Johns Hopkins Hospital, where the television is tuned to the C.A.R.E. Channel—an acronym for continuous ambient relaxation environment.
Only available in hospitals, the channel was created from the belief that images of nature promote healing. It offers a 24-hour schedule of programming that features original music and nature scenes from national parks across North America.
The channel takes viewers through meadows, over mountains, past waterfalls. Scenes are programmed to coincide with viewers’ real time, helping semiconscious patients distinguish night from day. For instance, the channel broadcasts a black, star-filled night sky and a soundtrack of harp and guitar music from 10 p.m. until dawn.
“When patients don’t know where they are, the C.A.R.E. Channel can help with a sense of a calm and peacefulness,” says Lauryn Saxe, a nurse on the medical intensive care unit.
The soundtrack is entirely instrumental because voices and songs can evoke powerful memories and feelings, explains Susan Mazer, CEO of Healing Healthcare Systems, the Reno, Nevada, company that produces the channel. A song that’s soothing to one person might trigger bad memories in another. Either effect will distract from what she calls “the therapeutic environment.”
The same applies to any visual references to people. While the channel presents a variety of wild animals and birds, it avoids any suggestion of humans. There are no cabins in the mountains, no picnic baskets on the beach.
“A sailboat on a lake is a distraction,” says Ford Corl, who heads the film crew that spends as much as 10 days on location shooting scenes for the channel. “Suddenly the patient is thinking about what it’s like to ride on it. The more we can get patients to focus just on the beauty of nature and music, the less likely they are to think about stressful situations.” | <urn:uuid:5a55db68-c312-4b20-bcbd-a3d55a210f9a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/news/publications/hopkins_medicine_magazine/circling_the_dome/springsummer-2015/tuning-in-to-tranquility | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.920514 | 543 | 1.804688 | 2 |
In addition to the punctuation mark that we all recognise, sometimes in places we wish we didn’t, there is also a literary device, a figure of speech that also goes by the name apostrophe.
With its roots in Greek drama and the Greek language (meaning ‘turning away’), apostrophe is the rhetorical act of addressing a third party in a speech or piece of poetry or prose.
It can be used to add some emotive power to discussions of abstract ideas, such as John Donne’s references to Death in one of his Holy Sonnets: ‘Death be not proud, though some have called thee/Mighty and dreadful’.
It can also be used to drive a rhetorical point home to one group, while apparently addressing an (absent) third party.
The kind of speech in which a politician has a message for ‘the fat cats at City Hall’, but is actually looking for a response from the ‘ordinary working people’ that might hear the speech.
Just as the punctuation apostrophe shows were some letters might have been omitted, the literary device is also highlighting an absence.
Examples of apostrophe as figure of speech
Hello, darkness, my old friend/I’ve come to talk with you again (Paul Simon, The Sound of Silence)
Milton! thou shouldst be living at this hour (William Wordsworth, Milton) | <urn:uuid:f15fa3c2-dc92-44c4-b0dd-992b71fbb7ef> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://apostrophe.guide/apostrophe-as-figure-of-speech/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00464-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956589 | 296 | 3.53125 | 4 |
Australia 1911 – 2003
Max in shadows
Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Materials & Technique: photographs, gelatin silver photograph Support: cream gloss photographic paper
This marvellously strange portrait of Dupain is closely related to the portrait Max, in which Cotton’s friend adopts a pose that appears athletic or gymnastic. In this picture, which in some ways prefigures Dupain’s own photographs of sun idolatry (Sunbaker 1937), Dupain’s pose seems closer to that of a pagan sun worshipper than, say, a hammer thrower or diver. One of Dupain’s favourite authors, the English writer D.H. Lawrence, often wrote of the invigorating and healing effects of the sun, with an attendant shedding of social rules and conventions. However, Cotton seems less concerned with narrative or allusion than she is with pictorial effect. The curious form of foliage from a pine tree, unexpectedly splayed across the top left-hand corner, both mirrors the body and casts a delicate pattern of vein-like lines across the torso.
Text © National Gallery of Australia, Canberra | <urn:uuid:070add3b-395c-4463-b1c6-66cf8e4c8b38> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://artsearch.nga.gov.au/Detail.cfm?IRN=16492&PICTAUS=TRUE | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00071-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.926134 | 236 | 2.421875 | 2 |
Relationships that last a long time frame like all those in long length romances are going to be some of the most difficult relationships inside the environment. This is because there isn’t a physical connection https://handoko.blog.dinus.ac.id/2020/08/page/5/ between two lovers. As a result, LDRs will probably be just as hard as traditional dating lovers. That being said, long length romances could have some quite serious disadvantages. The most common long distance romance challenges include:
Huge stress with partner/spouse. There’s nothing even worse than discovering that sexy asian bride your partner provides a new partner or dude. Naturally, you will enjoy stressed out hoping to know this. Not only that, but you may also begin to dilemma whether this kind of person is right for you or not. Almost all of thoughts can result in https://www.pinterest.com/gribsgirl/romantic-jokes/ further more tension in your way on the path to your partner which could actually make issues worse.
Lack of communication. When an individual partner is out of community and the various other partner needs to stay home, both parties can become separated. Without standard communication, very long distance romances become about each one communicating with the other of their own perspective instead of listening to what the additional person is saying. Can make long range relationship complications worse as it removes from the authentic feelings you get to experience when you are with your partner.
Low closeness. This is one of the most common long range relationship issues. Many people assume that the possible lack of physical closeness is a problem which there’s nothing they can do about this. However , this can be a misunderstanding. Physical intimacy is a huge element of any relationship, and if one person is certainly uncomfortable with having physical closeness with their spouse more than they should be, then could something that should be talked about along with your partner as well.
Longer Distance Romantic relationship Challenges You can Work Together to fix: Intimacy is important for virtually any long range relationship. If you are both readily available all of the time, it allows you to spend more time with each other and share you more opportunities for authentic closeness and emotional bonding. If you plus your partner are not getting along on a regular basis, consequently it’s a good idea to plan to start a date night. Planning for a date night with your partner is a great way to generate closeness and several charging a great way to keep the relationship fresh and interesting.
As you can see, there are numerous long length marriage challenges that you can work together to solve. If you are having problems trying to figure out what you’re working with in your romantic relationship, don’t hesitate to seek specialist. There are plenty of couples who’ve undergone comparable situations and get found the case hope through the assistance of a trained counselor. It’s do not too late to attempt to repair your long range relationship. | <urn:uuid:77b1d03b-cfe0-435b-beb8-ebd698bc4f61> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.samanthaatkinson.co.uk/blog/lengthy-distance-romantic-relationship-challenges-you-are-able-to-work-together-to-resolve | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00674.warc.gz | en | 0.955348 | 621 | 1.5 | 2 |
Introducing PuroTetra! The most pure form Tetraselmis Chuii, grown in technologically advanced photobioreactors in Leiria Portugal. It is one of the most ancient & nutritious food sources in the ocean, so small that it’s invisible to the naked eye. These micro-organisms are responsible for creating planet Earth’s atmosphere and allowing life to flourish. People around the world are now experiencing the positive health benefits of Tetraselmis Chuii Marine Phytoplankton. PuroTetra Tetraselmis Chuii offers an Incredible Wealth of Nutrients in a Safe, Bioavailable Manner.
Jacques-Yves Cousteau, French oceanographer, researcher, scientist, filmmaker, and undersea explorer
PuroTetra brings you the best of nature from the sea! High in nutrition and health benefits, PuroTetra Marine Phytoplankton are bursting with nano-sized nutrient particles that are easily absorbed by the body and readily available for use at the cellular level.
Marine Phytoplankton is a microscopic algae that is responsible for creating over 50% of the earth’s oxygen supply. NASA called Marine Phytoplankton the most important plant in the world. It serves as a vital food supply for marine life and now humans!
Scientists say it’s more powerful than chlorella, spirulina, acai berries, fish oil, resveratrol…and virtually any other “superfood” you’ve ever heard about.
Did You Know? The largest animal in the world the Blue Whale eats Phytoplankton as it's main source of energy and can live up to 200 years!
Marine Phytoplankton is the foundation of life in the ocean. It has been at the base of the food chain for all the creatures living in the ocean for more than 2.5 billion years, from the smallest species, to the largest of whales. It's molecules are 5-7 times smaller than a red blood cell, making it able to enter and nourish cells in a unique way, bypassing the digestive system, straight to your liver and to your blood stream to be carried directly into your cells. Making them an extremely bioavailable source of nutrients on a cellular level.
Why is this important? Being bioavailable means there is no loss of nutrients when eaten because it goes directly into the blood stream and not into the digestive tract. Literally hundreds of potent phytochemicals that work in synergy to protect your body's tissues, detoxify your blood and remove toxins, enhance oxygenation and circulation and reverse abnormal cell division that can lead to cancer. You also get an almost instantaneous boost of energy and vitality that can last all day!
Dr. Mark R. Edwards, a biologist and author of Smartcultures: Nature’s tiniest Genius, Algae Reverses Environmental Pollution and Regenerated Degraded Ecosystems, he notes that in plants growing on land it is impossible to find the vast and complex amount of nutrients found in Marine Phytoplankton. The microalgae stores higher levels of nutrients than earth plants as they lack roots. They have their entire surface to absorb nutrients, while earth plants only absorb nutrients through their roots, and are often grown in worn soil lacking in essential nutrients, altogether making Marine Phytoplankton up to 300% higher in nutrients than earth plants.
PuroTetra all natural Marine Phytoplankton is rich in trace minerals, antioxidants, carotenoids, essential amino acids, beta-carotene, chlorophyll, macronutrients, proteins, vitamins, DHA, EPA, fatty acids, including omega-3 and omega-6 to help balance our bodies and live a healthy life.
The human body has an amazing system, which keeps the body in balance. However, if a crucial component is depleted, such as a mineral or a vitamin, the body malfunctions leading to poor health. The addition of PuroTetra Tetraselmis Chuii Marine Phytoplankton can help restore the body to optimum health.
Marine Phytoplankton is a medicinal powerhouse created by Mother Nature. Perhaps the most important benefit of Marine Phytoplankton is it's unique ability to strengthen cell membranes and include cell regeneration!
PuroTetra Tetraselmis Chuii Marine Phytoplankton is a complete food that contains a unique and extraordinary combination of life-sustaining nutrients. According to Board-certified family Integrative Medicine practitioner and author Dr. Hugo Rodier on Marine Phytoplankton;
"There are very few products that provide all, or even most, of the raw materials to make new cells and sustain the existing ones. The problem is that we need ALL of them at the same time for things to work. One of those rare products that contains almost everything you need for life (and the rebuilding of a healthy life) is Marine Phytoplankton. It contains the nine amino acids that the body cannot make...The essential fatty acids are also present (Omega-3 and Omega-6). Vitamins A, B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B12, C, D and major trace minerals are all present in Phytoplankton."
Phytoplankton offers a powerful clear burst of energy which is pretty much unparalleled. If you’ve got chronic fatigue syndrome, are a sleep-deprived parent of young children, or a doctor working a double shift, a dose of Phytoplankton can seriously bring you back from the edge. It is a rich source of nucleotides, building blocks of DNA and RNA that increase motivation, energy expenditure and cognitive function. Because of its tiny cell size (5-7 times smaller than a red blood cell) the Phytoplankton is absorbed directly through the mucous membranes and one can feel the results very quickly of taking it. According to health educator David Wolfe, Phytoplankton delivers "vital life force at the mitochondrial level for energy production"
Scientific research indicates that inflammation plays a fundamental part in many major diseases. Inflammation is the body’s signal of imbalance, playing a significant role in conditions such as arthritis, Crohn’s, cancer, Parkinson’s, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and dementia to name only a few. How does Phytoplankton combat inflammation? It does so with it’s high natural content of Omega 3 fatty acids, of which it is the richest vegetarian source of the long chain fatty acids. It is also a rich source of anti-inflammatory chlorophyll, furthering its efficacy in conditions such as fibromyalgia and arthritis.
Depression is a serious global issue right now, so it’s positive to note that Marine Phytoplankton is amongst those plant-based supplements which can make a difference. Backed by a pilot study by the University of Utah, USA, concluded that Phytoplankton users exhibited a significant boost on the Short Form-36 emotional subscale questionnaire. Compounds in Phytoplankton make it an easy and exceptional way to increase mental clarity and focus, improve memory, calm mental stress and even prevent certain neurological issues.
Gram for gram, Marine Phytoplankton is likely the most nutrient-dense, alkaline superfood on Earth. This is a superfood that contains all known minerals, all known amino acids and almost everything you could name that could be potentially missing in our nutrition!
Containing a wealth of powerful antioxidants, as well as caretonoids, amino acids, vitamins and bioflavenoids, Phytoplankton helps the body scavenge harmful oxygen molecules as well as playing a critical role in immune system regulation.
Marine Phytoplankton offers tremendous benefits to the skin, due to a combination of its anti-inflammatory, alkalising properties, combined with high EFA content. The bioflavonoids purify the skin, while protecting it from the detrimental effects of stress. For many sufferers of chronic skin conditions such as psoriasis and eczema Phytoplankton supplementation is proving to be a break-through strategy.
As one of nature’s own vegan sources of long-chain Omega 3 Fatty Acids, Phytoplankton is a fantastic way to support joint health. Sufferers of arthritis who add a teaspoon or two to their daily diet may benefit from increase muscle mobility and reduced inflammation. In addition, Phytoplankton contains Pantothenic Acid (B5), which may useful for both osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. The amino acid proline offers essential benefits to the body’s connective tissues, promoting the formation of collagen. Manganese helps mobility.
Containing nutrients such as niacin and gamma linolenic acid to help lower cholesterol, Phytoplankton is also nature’s highest source, by weight, of Omega 3 Fatty Acids. These EFA’s may help lower triglycerides, one of the principle components of human body fat, reduce stroke and heart attack risk, and promote a regular heartbeat. They also lessen the growth of atherosclerotic plaque and have a moderate effect on blood pressure.
Puro means Pure in Portuguese and Tetra is our microalgae species Tetraselmis Chuii, optimally grown at our plant in Leiria, Portugal. It is the purest, most nutrient-dense naturally-occurring Marine Phytoplankton available. Our microalgae species production process is unique and very demanding in quality assurance. The process has been optimized by our highly qualified and specialized R&D and accompanied by the most modern and sophisticated industrial and laboratory technologies.
We are one of the largest European producers of microalgae and certified by the European Organic Production Certification, ISO 22000, Halal, Portugal Sou Eu, ISO 9001 and GMP+ FSA. We are a leader in premium-quality microalgae biomass, food safety and dedicated to microalgae production and innovation.
PuroTetra brings you the best of nature from the sea! ‘The Jewel of the Ocean’
The strains are maintained at the most suitable conditions for cell division, and when they reach higher concentrations, they are ready to be transferred to a larger volume, with more space to keep growing.
Fermentation starts in a Glass reactor and later moving to an Industrial scale reactor.
This phase initiates in a Glass autotrophic reactor, later moving to a Flat panel reactor, in this case also known as Green Walls.
In the Industrial Tubular Reactors, algae naturally grow outdoors in the sun. The strains are maintained at the most suitable conditions for cell division.
Process of heat treatment of biomass, applied to reduce the number of any existing pathogenic microorganisms.
At this stage, the algae biomass is processed into paste.
At this stage, the algae biomass is processed into a fine powder.
At this stage, the algae biomass is processed into paste.
At this stage, the algae biomass is processed into a fine powder.
The final product is packaged, labeled and stored.
Dr. Bob Rowe has been working closely with the anecdotal evidence, and he feels that the nutritional properties of Marine Phytoplankton appear to work at the cellular level to repair the liver and the nervous system, improve endocrine function, and to correct sleep disorders and weight problems.
“Chronic conditions possibly caused by nutritional deficiency and inflammation at the cellular level have been quickly reversed with natural Marine Phytoplankton. Astounding health changes have been reported including dramatic improvements in cardiovascular function, blood sugar regulation, digestive function, weight loss, immune function, sleep quality, mental clarity and energy levels.”
“In my many years as a health practitioner, I have found Marine Phytoplankton to be one of the most superior products I have encountered. It has demonstrated remarkable health benefits by restoring and promoting balance and strength in all those that have used it, and the duration of use is unlimited. I am confident and grateful to recommend it to my patients, my colleagues and my family as pure and healthy support for optimal health and well being.”
“As a health care practitioner, I am open to excellent products to enhance the health of my patients. I have experienced Marine Phytoplankton to be compatible with patients with no side effects. Phytoplankton is just pure, nutrient dense nutrition. This product is a natural combination of nutrients including antioxidants, vitamins, minerals and fatty acids for good health.”
“Marine Phytoplankton is a food that contains almost everything you need for life (and the rebuilding of a healthy life). It contains the nine amino acids that the body cannot make and must be consumed in our diet (essential amino acids). The essential fatty acids are also present (Omega 3 and Omega 6). Vitamins A (betacarotine), 81 (thiamine), 82 (riboflavin), 83 (niacin), 85 (pantothenic acid), 86 (pyridoxine), 812 (cobalamin), C, and D (tocopherol) and major and trace minerals are all present in Phytoplankton. In short, it contains almost every¬thing one needs to sustain life. Therefore, it contains almost everything one needs to restore health by providing the raw materials to make new cells that function normally.”
“There are many reasons why I recommend sea vegetables as part of my healing programs - weight loss, cellulite control, detoxification, beautiful hair and skin, and more. Sea vegetables can transform your health! I believe that when we eat sea vegetables, we are tapping into the ancestral and restorative source of all life - the ocean. Include sea vegetables into your diet every day and you'll see a difference. I do! Sea plants - gifts from the sea!”
For most people, the taste of the Marine Phytoplankton is slightly seaweed like, tasting of the ocean. For anyone who has taken spirulina, chlorella or blue-green algae, the taste will be familiar. It’s intense, clearly highly nutrient-rich with mixed berries. One can chew, suck or swallow it whichever you prefer!
The business of selecting and replicating specific strains of wild algae to find one with optimum benefits for human health is a complex one. Replicating the natural conditions of a plankton bloom in an artificial environment is no mean feat either. Then slow drying, packaging and shipping adds the final layer. We genuinely believe that the extraordinary result of all this hard work is the most potent, nutrient-dense and healthful stuff that a human could put in their bodies. As such, it’s cheap at the price!
No, our Marine Phytoplankton Tetraselmis Chuii is grown within a commercial algal bioreactor in Portugal.
It is 100% GMO free.
No it is not. Marine Phytoplankton is an oceanic plankton, spirulina is a blue-ish green cyanobacteria (algae) which grows in fresh water.
Our recommended dose of 1-2g per day would be a good place to start. Many people work up to much more than this with some chronic disease sufferers. We recommend taking it before lunch, so that the energy boost doesn’t intefere with your sleep. We would also suggest trying to be disciplined about taking it once a day – like anything your body responds to regularity.
The powder/tablet tastes green, healthy, slightly aquatic. Not disimilar to spirulina, chlorella or wild blue green algae if you’ve ever taste those. We have combined it with mixed berries so it's easier to take.
No, it doesn’t. Just keep it in a cool, dry place and no refrigeration required.
Heavy metals in fish is now a major health issue, with mercury a particular threat, as well as lead and DDE (the toxic product which appears when the pesticide DDT breaks down) In addition, PCB’s (polychlorinated biphenyls) are synthetic chemicals now appearing at toxic levels in fish, and the effects of these are so severe as to cause cognitive impairment in heavy fish eaters within a matter of months.
This is where Marine Phytoplankton, and particularly that grown in climate controlled bioreactors as opposed to the open ocean, offers a cleaner, healthier and distinctly safer solution. Not only does ingesting phytoplankton connect you with the primary source of EPA in the natural world, but you can do so with the surety that you are ingesting no nasties of any kind, no toxic residues, no heavy metals, no pollutants.
Our Marine Phytoplankton is considered whole food, not a drug. Would you stop eating food when you are on medications? Just remember, as your health improves, you may not need some of your medications. As a precaution, always seek medical advice before stopping any medication.
Perhaps the most potentially serious concern involves the drug Coumadin / Wolfarin (a potent blood thinner). As your health improves, the degree of blood thinning in your blood may change, making an adjustment in the dose of the drug necessary. Please consult your physician if this is the case.
Yes. Taking with any other supplement will only enhance your results.
Marine Phytoplankton is not a shellfish. If you are concerned, simply place a small amount of the residual powder on the inside of the wrist after making a few “light” scratches and check for redness and irritation or consult your physician.
Iodine is typically found in macro-algae / seaweed, but NOT in Marine Phytoplankton (marine micro-algae).
Some seaweed have high iodine content such as Kombu/ Laminaria…etc, that prevent these seaweed products from being an official approval as food in different countries. This is due to the opinion from some that high iodine contents may cause harm (up to severe health problems) to the human metabolism.
More importantly regarding our Marine Phytoplankton species we cultivate, these microalgae species may contain only very minute traces of iodine, but this is such a very small minute quality that would not be a quantifiable /measurable amount in our algae.
Our Marine Phytoplankton Tetraselmis Chuii is approved by the European Commission as a Novel Food and is a high-quality source of micronutrients, bringing nutritional and functional benefits even when consumed in small daily concentrations.
It’s good for all humans, no matter what your state of health but, if you’re asking for specifics, it’s showing tremendous promise for people battling any kind of chronic disease, it’s helpful with fatigue and health conditions which cause fatigue, and it’s showing promise in anything involving mental health, due to it’s wide range of bio-available nutrients and high EPA. Athletes are using it to improve performance, aging people are using it to keep their brains agile, and health practitioners the world over are beginning to recommend it.
For many people suffering from adrenal fatigue, the addition of Marine Phytoplankton to a supplement regime can be one of the most profound shifts in your healing journey. Plankton works quickly, powerfully, and in as little as 24 hours people who have been living in a state of hysterical exhaustion for years have found their lives deeply improved. It is important to note that plankton cannot cure the underlying causes of adrenal fatigue, but it can offer a huge support to those suffering its effects. We believe that, of all the many health supplements which can aid the body to restore itself to full adrenal health, Marine Phytoplankton ranks as the most important.
Adrenal fatigue is a common 21st century malaise characterised by overwhelming tiredness, blood sugar crashes, swollen lymph glands, body aches and, in serious cases, chronic night sweats. Common in those who are under mental, physical, or emotional stress (i.e. most people in this day and age!) adrenal fatigue is what happens when your body’s fight of flight response becomes overtaxed.
Phytoplankton is a unique single-celled organism which, in addition to being one of the most nutritionally dense and complete foods on our planet, is able to be delivered to cells without being filtered out by the digestive tract or the liver. This is really the critical factor which separates it from every other supplement.
It is the bodies mitochondrial system which breaks down the food we eat in order to extract the basic currency of human existence known as ATP. ATP is what powers the cellular functions of the body and it is the ability of the body to efficiently cycle ATP which determines how much energy we have available. One of the things that has been noticed with those experiencing adrenal dysfunction and, even more so with advanced conditions like chronic fatigue, is that these individuals appear to exhibit mitochondrial dysfunction to some degree, meaning their capacity to extract energy from food is reduced.
When taking Phytoplankton, the entire need to even utilise the mitochondria is bypassed. Because of its minute size, Plankton delivers ATP (as well as AGB and ADB) directly to the cells. So, for an adrenal fatigue sufferer, it is as if your failing batteries have been suddenly overridden by a direct contact with the mains itself! The power of this most humble of plants to deliver the currency of life into our cells is incredibly exciting and there are scores of testimonials to be read from people who have found a profound improved quality of life only days after first taking Marine Phytoplankton.
There are no common side effects of ingesting Phytoplankton supplements, although, as with many so-called ‘superfoods’, the body may experience a healing reaction when the product is first consumed. First documented by Adolf Jarisch (1860-1902) working in Vienna, Austria, and a few years later by Karl Herxheimer (1861-1942), the ‘Herxheimer Reaction’ brings with it flu-like symptoms including muscle pains and aching joints, sweating, bad breath, chills and a general feeling of being under the weather. This is not, in any way, suggesting that Marine Phytoplankton has a particular propensity for inducing Herxheimer reactions, but merely that, as with any powerful superfood, detoxification may occur if an unhealthy system is suddenly flooded with nutrition.
People in good health rarely, if ever, experience the Herxheimer Reaction. Rather, it is when those with compromised immune systems start to see a change in their health that ‘Herxing’ commences. The theory is that, when large amounts of pathogens are killed off, the immune system reacts to the endotoxins. While people assume that they’re ill, the situation is, conversely, one of health returning. There’s no doubt, however, that healing reactions can be unpleasant and, depending on the level of immune depletion, they can last some time.
Despite the extraordinary national density of Phytoplankton, very few people appear to be experience the Herxheimer reaction when taking it, even those who may be prone to this with other supplements. One of the reasons for this may be due to Phytoplankton’s incredibly small cellular size, which means it does not tax the bodies detoxification pathways unduly.
In a small number of cases, people have reported
These reactions can be alleviated with drinking plenty of water and allowing the body as much rest as it’s asking for. Please remember, if these do occur, that the Marine Phytoplankton has not ’caused’ this, and that this isn’t an indication that this product is somehow harmful. Rather, you could take it as a positive sign that your body is returning to a state of equilibrium.
Time frames of the Healing Reaction with Phytoplankton
This is impossible to quantify as its down to the individual and their level of health. Some people report feelings lasting only a few hours, others up to a week.
What to do in the event of a Herxheimer Reaction
The best advice is to:
Phytoplankton’s extraordinary nutritional profile makes it a powerful addition to any weight loss program. We received scores of testimonials from people who added this to an overall wellness regimen, only to discover that it offered remarkable benefits to keeping their weight down. There are some obvious reasons why Phytoplankton might aid any weight loss program, but the best answer seems to be that plankton has this ability to simply go where it’s needed. Our experience suggests that it is the best product in the world for pushing anyone towards their optimum health situation.
There are some Marine Phytoplankton manufacturers who claim that the algae needs to be open cell processed in order for it to be completely absorbed by the body. However, according to investigations and communication with various manufacturers, certain plankton species like Tetraselmis Chuii, because of its extremely small "nano" (meaning one-billionth) sized particles, it is fully bioavailable upon intake. Some company's also assert that it is a soft-celled algae, not a hard-celled one, like chlorella.
There is also the argument that when taking products that are not open cell processed, you would not experience any health enhancing effects if it wasn't absorbable. We definitely feel energized and nourished when consuming our Marine Phytoplankton, so the proof is also in how it makes you feel.
According to health educator David Wolfe, "Phytoplankton is 100% bioavailable to the human body, when you eat it, not a single part of it is wasted."
We’re confident that powder is a superior product, which preserves the delicate cellular integrity of the Phytoplankton more efficiently, while offering you the maximum value for money.
If we consider that an average a litre of seawater contains between one hundred thousand and one hundred million plankton algae, a nutrient dense, near perfect food, we can see why the food industry is waking up the extraordinary power of Plankton. But drying this sensitive plant while preserving the super abundance of nutrients is no mean feat. In the case of bringing Phytoplankton to market, eliminating rival strains, and any competing bacteria are also key factors to consider.
Our process does everything possible to keep it happy, which means optimum growing conditions, and a very gentle spray drying process which does nothing to disturb it’s integrity. We deliver to you the exact same species composition as is found in nature, the way your body is intended to receive them. We do not manipulate the species.
Aside from the issue of cellular integrity, it simply makes sense to us that offering someone 100% of what they’re paying for, is a better value proposition than something diluted. For that reason, we’ve never been tempted to stock liquid Phytoplankton simply because we prefer to offer the purest, 100% unadulterated powder dried straight from nature’s source.
We are one of the largest European producers of microalgae and certified by the European Organic Production Certification, ISO 22000, Halal, Portugal Sou Eu, ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and GMP+ FSA. We are a leader in premium-quality microalgae biomass, food safety and innovation.
Swiss Biomedics Sdn Bhd
Lot 1487, Lorong Demak Maju 2, Demak Laut Industrial Phase II
Jalan Bako, 93050 Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. | <urn:uuid:a96ffca0-2392-4a45-8063-4c44e7b4e473> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.purotetra.com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00467.warc.gz | en | 0.931426 | 5,914 | 2.75 | 3 |
NASA solar flare data looks an awful lot like abstract art
When it comes to abstract art, it seems anyone can have a crack at it—it’s all interpretive, after all. Now, even the Sun's solar flares are a work of art, with thanks to NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO).
OK, it’s not actual art; it’s actually a visualization of the heating and cooling of plasma erupting from the Sun’s flares—and it just happens to look like an oil painting. SDO took images of one really active sunspot over six wavelengths in a 24-hour period, and then gathered heat data on the plasma. It then processed that data one pixel at a time, and it resulted in these curious shots.
The image above is just one a few different ones captured by SDO, so be sure to check out the rest to work out which is your favourite. This is certainly one form of art I’d love to hang on my walls at home. | <urn:uuid:8ae1afd3-9880-4574-93f6-c162af96d883> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.pcworld.com/article/2028922/nasa-solar-flare-data-looks-an-awful-lot-like-abstract-art.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721174.97/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00283-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.948777 | 214 | 2.546875 | 3 |
Fish and Seafood, Fresh and Frozen
France is a major consumer of seafood products and a net importer of many seafood products because domestic production is significantly lower than demand. In 2008, the United States was France’s fifth largest supplier of seafood products after Norway, the U.K. Spain and the Netherlands. U.S. seafood products exported to France mainly consist of frozen fillets and frozen scallop, live lobster and frozen salmon.
Processed Fruits and Vegetables, including Fruit Juices
Fruit juices and soft drinks in France are currently the most dynamic growth sectors among non-alcoholic beverages, with per capita consumption of fruit juices estimated at 28 liters per year. The primary imports from the United States consisted of fresh and frozen orange and grapefruit juices. Competition in the juice sector is very strong, principally from Brazil, Israel and Spain, which benefit from preferential tariffs.
Beverages, including Mineral Water, Beer, Wine and Spirits
In 2007, French imports of U.S. wine totaled 24 million euro ($33 million), representing 4.3 percent of total French wine imports by value. U.S. wine in France faces strong competition from Italy, Spain and Greece as well as from new world producers such as Australia, South Africa and Chile.
The French are also significant consumers of spirits. In 2007, U.S. spirits exports to France valued at 46 million euro ($63 million), represented 6.6 percent of total French spirits imports of approximately 744 million euro ($1,019 million).
Opportunities exist for ethnic, new and innovative U.S. beverages, particularly those linked with Tex-Mex foods.
France is the fifth largest European producer of beer with a total production of 17 million hectoliters. Ten percent of the production is exported. The French beer industry consists of six major breweries. Two American brewers are present in the French market: Anheuser-Bush and Miller.
Fresh and Dried Fruits, including Nuts
Prime opportunities for U.S. suppliers are in off-season and extended-season sales, and years of short French fruit crops. France is one of the most important markets for U.S. grapefruit valued at 22 million euro ($30 million) in 2007. The U.S. market share for citrus fruits represents 25 percent of total French imports in value and 20 percent in volume. France imports apples and pears in short crop years. There is also a niche market for berries, cherries and tangerines. The snack and nut product niche market is important for U.S. exporters, who profit by promoting their products as healthy and high-quality choices.
Fresh and Dried Vegetables
U.S. dried vegetables exports to France increased one percent in value in 2007, to reach $20 million. In 2007, rice imports from the United States decreased 12 percent in value to $11 million, due to previous detection of biotech presence in U.S. rice, competition from Spain and Italy and high U.S. prices. Opportunities exist for U.S. suppliers of dried beans, peas and lentils.
Very few opportunities exist for U.S. fresh vegetables, except for green asparagus and may be some superior quality and produced off-season fresh vegetables such as eggplant, zucchini, sweet peppers and iceberg lettuce.
Meat and Offal
Opportunities in this market are limited given the import quota on hormone free meat and stringent EU veterinary regulations. The most prominent meat import from the United States is horsemeat which was valued at $18 million in 2007. Pork meat imports amounted to $13 million and beef imports $11,165,753. Bison meat is growing in popularity in France, mostly of Canadian origin, but there might be opportunities for U.S. products. For additional information on above product opportunities and market information may be found in various reports from the following website: www.fas.usda.gov | <urn:uuid:e67d49aa-8172-4e2c-a874-2e2566a8a9ec> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.globaltrade.net/international-trade-import-exports/f/market-research/TEXT/France/Agriculture-Animal-Husbandry-Hunting-Fishing-French-Agriculture-Sectors--Top-5-Market-Opportunities.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283301.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00503-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.947441 | 814 | 2 | 2 |
Still working to recover. Please don't edit quite yet.
|W i k t i o n a r y|
Definitions, etymology, pronunciation of
Coup d'état after late 1990 are Category:Illegal overthrow of governments, as defined by President George HW Bush when he decried Saddam Hussein's invasion of Kuwait in terms of the big guy picking on the little guy (Friedman, Thomas L. Standoff in the Gulf; A Partial Pullout By Iraq is Feared as Deadline 'Ploy'.). Although the USA is responsible for the majority of illegal overthrows of governments, they are on record after that point as having agreed with what can objectively be seen as a second partitioning of the world, starting after World War II, which is only occasionally altered, within the interests of the larger nations (most notably the breakup of Eastern European nations in the 1990s).
Before 1989, the definition is muddier. Anyone who wants to can call wars of conquest before that time, illegal overthrow, may do so, but there comes a point at which it becomes an anachronism, since no one called it that at the time. It was still morally wrong, just as slavery was morally wrong in the time of the Romans, but where it was always called slavery, the second partitioning (World partition) was not called that, or even recognizable by the whole world as such, during even the 19th Century, when the murderous rampage of invasion by Britain and Russia through the near east and eastern Europe was called The Great Game (WP).
This category has the following 5 subcategories, out of 5 total. | <urn:uuid:84306547-71a1-4cff-8952-91dab0de4e98> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://eng.anarchopedia.org/index.php?title=Category:Coups_d'%C3%A9tat&oldid=47689 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282926.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00399-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.971278 | 340 | 2.609375 | 3 |
Users of this web resource are warned that it may contain images and/or references to deceased people, which could cause distress or sadness particularly for some Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.
The resource may also contain words and descriptions that could be culturally sensitive and which might not normally be used in public or community contexts. For example, some information may be considered appropriate for viewing only by men or only by women. The HealthInfoNet respects such culturally sensitive issues, but, for technical reasons, it has not been possible to provide materials in a way that prevents access by a person of the other gender. Users are asked to respect this cultural protocol.
This section provides details of state and territory Indigenous policies and strategies for food safety relevant to Indigenous environmental health for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander environmental health practitioners.
Please select category from the dropdown list below.
South Australian Aboriginal Affairs and Reconciliation Division Department of the Premier and Cabinet (2010)
Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara food security strategic plan 2011-16.
Adelaide: Department of the Premier and Cabinet, South Australia | <urn:uuid:caf56976-868c-4d8a-a73f-547ec959becd> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au/health-infrastructure/iehp/food-safety/policies-strategies/indigenous-states-territories | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280266.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00501-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.894962 | 231 | 2.671875 | 3 |
The word “freemium” is tossed around a lot these days, but the term is often misunderstood and misapplied. Formed by combining the words “free” and “premium,” freemiumis a business model that involves offering basic web services or products for free, while charging a premium for advanced or special features. The model has become very popular with Web 2.0 application companies.
Here is where companies get it right: Freemium works when the tolls ahead are well-defined before the user signs up for the free version. When the fee trigger is based on the number of uses, features, e-mails, or another relevant metric related to usage, it’s reasonable for a customer who is finding the product useful to start paying for it. In many cases, the free version will also require having a credit card on file, setting clear expectations for eventual payment. The company provides a low-barrier way for users to try the product, but it’s clear from the start that the free ride won’t last forever.
Here is where companies get it wrong: Free is not in itself a sustainable business model. Therefore, freemium does not mean that the core product is available free, and you plan to figure out how to charge for it later. A very large segment of society will use something because it’s free with absolutely no intention of paying for it ever. These are not customers you want to pad your stats with. Although Internet businesses tend to associate success with big user numbers, you do not want freeloaders and need to deter them from signing up in the first place. They will never pull out their wallets, yet they will use your bandwidth, tax your customer support, and—most importantly—they will distract you from figuring out which features and services customers value enough to actually buy. As I have mentioned before in my Get to Revenue Fast Article, you need this feedback to prioritize your development and strategy.
Call me old-fashioned, but I would rather have 100 paid users for my product than 100,000 enjoying my work for free. If you create something of value, you should have the confidence to charge for it. For more on this topic and how to get to a paid version, see this presentation from the folks at 37 Signals, it’s one of the best I have ever seen at framing the issue. | <urn:uuid:b856422c-9e7d-47a7-a703-f7b177643a12> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.accelerationpartners.com/blog/freemium-definition | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280128.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00394-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.957519 | 497 | 1.921875 | 2 |
Is there a way of dealing with conflicts so that gun violence becomes unnecessary? Often people will not stop to consider someone else’s point of view. But while we undergo training in finding common ground even with our adversaries, we can create a kind of time out. Let us stop gun exhibits and enforce gun control laws strictly.
It breaks my heart to hear each day about deaths related to gun. I feel for our communities which shed tears each day because their dear ones are killed in a school, or a movie theater or a shopping mall. It is shocking to discover that even a ten year old can get a gun to kill someone in a public school. It is important that all students be screened for mental illness before they enter a school but until the whole population of students is examined by health care providers we must enforce gun control laws strictly.
We shouldn’t continue to support gun manufacturers only because they have a powerful lobby. Let us make a practice of decrease tensions a part of high school education all over the nation. We cannot afford any longer to resolve conflicts through the barrel of a gun. | <urn:uuid:32796408-5158-43dd-8cce-1baa45880295> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.berkeleydailyplanet.com/issue/2013-10-26/article/41580?headline=Gun-Related-Deaths--By-Romila-Khanna | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280310.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00185-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.955044 | 223 | 2.25 | 2 |
Job interviews are often the deciding factor of whether or not you’re going to be hired. It’s your chance to really shine in front of a prospective employer, but they are also totally nerve-wracking – kind of like a first date.
It’s easy to let stress get the best of you when you are interviewing for a job, especially if you really want or need the job. Stress can make you twist your words and stumble over questions – even ones that you’ve spent hours preparing for.
Nailing the job interview is harder to do than you might think and, well, the nerves and stress can make you do some dumb things. Here are some ridiculous things that happen during job interviews. Some are common, others hopefully not:
- Crying – Don’t cry if you don’t get hired. It’s awkward for everyone.
- Freaking Out – Watch this video of job interviews from LG Chile. Is that a meteor crash or something else?
- Falling Asleep – If you’re so stressed out that you don’t sleep the night before the interview, this might happen to you. Interviewers do not like snoring.
- Breaking the Law – Don’t let your interview know that you’ve broken the law before, especially if it involves crossing state lines and breaking your probation to attend the interview!
- Posting On Social Media – Watch what you say on social media, it can come back to bite you – especially if you’ve partying a lot. Your interviewer might ask you about the photo of you sleeping on a pile of beer cans.
- Sweating Excessively – When you get nervous, you sweat. It’s important not to sweat too much, especially if you used hair in a can to cover up your bald spot. It may start dripping down your face.
We recommend that you don’t do any of these things if you ever want to get hired. Why not search for some other job interview tips on JobMonkey? They may help you when you apply for your next job. Good luck! | <urn:uuid:d052d9f4-2290-4654-b291-d1dd8649e295> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.jobmonkey.com/6-stupid-things-people-job-interviews/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280929.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00430-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.902435 | 444 | 1.726563 | 2 |
Every day is Penguin Day in Antarctica and penguin-rich spots around the Southern Hemisphere. Truth? Fact.
But, truly, some top-hatted, suit-wearing, certificate-waving dignitary needs to designate Long Beach as Penguin City and June as Penguin Month.
Okay, so that's probably more the perky plot of a big budget animated film, but real-life mavens of real-life Magellanic Penguins can honor the month, which has been penguin-packed one, at the Aquarium of the Pacific.
The star birds have waddled, in their inimitable way, each morning in June on the oh-so-snapshot-able Penguin Walk through the institution's Northern Pacific Gallery. That alone could rally some official to name the month Penguin Month down LBC way, wethinks.
But the penguin plot thickens or, more accurately, grows cuter: A couple of penguin pairs, duos who call the aquarium home, have welcomed chicks (or are in the process of doing so). Penguins Patsy and Noodles had a chick earlier in June, as did Kate and Avery.
All four penguins are first-time parents.
And where are the downy infants? They're in "nest burrows" inside the aquarium's June Keyes Penguin Habitat. The institutions "expects the chicks to be on public view when they leave their nests and join the other birds in the main areas of the penguin habitat later this summer."
There are still more penguin babies to come, however. One "pipped" -- that means put a hole in the egg's shell, we're sure you already know -- on June 23. It's the "first egg of the season" for Floyd and Roxy, but if you didn't see the chick put beak to shell, stayed tuned: There's another egg in the next and a webcam catching all the avian action.
Yep, June, you really are remarkably penguin-y. But we don't need a certificate or official holiday to make it Penguin Month in our heart -- we only need to watch the webcam for the next happy hatchling. | <urn:uuid:b773454c-785c-411c-ba16-e6a4a7bcc115> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.nbclosangeles.com/entertainment/the-scene/LBC-Aww-Everythings-Coming-Up-Baby-Penguins-264319761.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285315.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00572-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946765 | 453 | 1.703125 | 2 |
Imagine Fashion is a creative collective that has rooted itself in the digital hemisphere of the internet in order to bring its aesthetic pleasures to viewers worldwide.
Imagine Fashion itself has brought together acclaimed directors and designers to create films that showcase a revolutionary type of fashion and lifestyle experience for its participants. The films themselves reflect a fashion and luxury publication, transcending the limitations of print to become something entirely new, by utilizing other mediums to translate the ideas behind the films.
One such film trailer, Eyes of the Mind, recently kicked off Imagine Fashion’s June 2010 film showcase.
Directed by London-based designer/illustrator Alex Turvey, Eyes of the Mind is described as “unlocking the visual pathway to a dreamscape world”.
The film montage itself blends visually stunning sequences of meticulously styled models running in slow motion. Other characters struggle with significant oversized objects (such as a massive key) in a beautiful yet slightly foreboding forest, while the rhythmic yelping of up-and-coming band Young Buffalo plays in the background.
Imagine Fashion, together with Alex Turvey, is bridging the gap between music, visual performance, and fashion to create a medium whose power and brilliance lies in the sum of its parts.
Courtesy of www.imaginefashion.com. | <urn:uuid:cad93de2-1666-4d38-8c04-ab2f29721f3e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://thefashionspot.com.au/style-trends/102060-imagine-fashion-a-creative-collective/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280900.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00006-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.927238 | 267 | 1.625 | 2 |
Normal Price: $48.00
Your Price: $43.20 AUD, inc. GST
Shipping: $7.95 per order
You Save: $4.80! (10% off normal price)
Plus...earn $2.16 in Boomerang Bucks
Availability: Available to Backorder, No Due Date for Supply
Thomas Demand by Roxana Marcoci
Book DescriptionThe German artist Thomas Demand occupies a singular position in the world of photography. Initially a sculptor, he took up photography to record the ephemeral constructions he made out of paper. In 1993, he turned the tables, henceforth making constructions only in order to photograph them. Demand begins by translating a pre-existing image, usually culled from the media, into a life-size model he makes out of coloured paper and cardboard. He re-creates a room, a parking lot, a staircase, or a fluorescent light fixture; then he photographs a model and destroys it. Demand's photographs look at once compellingly real and strangely artificial. Since their subjects - handcrafted facsimiles of both architectural spaces and natural environments - are themselves built in the image of other images, the photographs are three times removed from the scenes they seem to depict. Combining craftsmanship and conceptualism in equal parts, Demand pushes the medium of photography towards uncharted frontiers. Given the cinematic quality of many of his photographs, it is not surprising that he has set some of them in motion, producing five 3mm films. This comprehensive publication presents all of Demand's major works from 1993 to the present. It includes previously unpublished archival documentation, offering unprecedented insight into his working process and the stories behind his pictures.
Buy Thomas Demand book by Roxana Marcoci from Australia's Online Bookstore, Boomerang Books.
Book DetailsISBN: 9780870700804
(249mm x 326mm x 21mm)
Imprint: Museum of Modern Art
Publisher: Museum of Modern Art
Publish Date: 7-Mar-2005
Country of Publication: United States
Books By Author Roxana Marcoci
Photography at MOMA: 1960 to Now - Volume II, Hardback (October 2015)
The Museum of Modern Art has one of the greatest collections of twentieth-century photography in the world. This publication comprises a catalogue of post-1960s and a perspective on the artists working with the photographic medium of the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries.
From Bauhaus to Buenos Aires, Hardback (May 2015)
Explores the individual accomplishments and parallel developments of two of the foremost practitioners of avantgarde photography in Europe and Latin America. This book traces their artistic development from the early 1930s, when the two met in Berlin at the Bauhaus. It also examines the careers of these two influential artists.
Sanja Ivekovic: Sweet Violence, Hardback (November 2011)» View all books by Roxana Marcoci
A feminist, activist, video and performance pioneer, Sanja Ivekovic (born Zagreb, 1949) produced works of crosscultural resonance that range from Conceptual photomontages to video, installation and performance. This title presents an overview of the artist's projects from the early 1970s to 2010 in various mediums.
» Have you read this book? We'd like to know what you think about it - write a review about Thomas Demand book by Roxana Marcoci and you'll earn 50c in Boomerang Bucks loyalty dollars (you must be a member - it's free to sign up!)
Author Biography - Roxana Marcoci
Roxana Marcoci is an Associate Curator in the Department of Photography at The Museum of Modern Art. Jeffrey Eugenides is the acclaimed author of Middlesex and The Virgin Suicides.
Phone: 1300 36 33 32 (9am-5pm Mon-Fri AEST) - International: +61 2 9960 7998 - Online Form
Address: Boomerang Books, 878 Military Road, Mosman Junction, NSW, 2088
© 2003-2017. All Rights Reserved. Eclipse Commerce Pty Ltd - ACN: 122 110 687 - ABN: 49 122 110 687 | <urn:uuid:8009e785-0dde-40ce-9a1c-5d960a020c54> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.boomerangbooks.com.au/Thomas-Demand/Roxana-Marcoci/book_9780870700804.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00047-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.915065 | 870 | 1.585938 | 2 |
Building a Tatting Library - Iris Niebach
Iris Niebach presents good strong traditional tatting patterns in her books. She often designs several smaller motifs which she then uses as the basic building block for several large and small doilies and lace pieces. Iris explains that these motifs lets the tatter build the piece "vertically" and reduces the number of rounds needed for larger pieces. It is a very intriguing concept.
She is definitely a traditional tatter but she has also fully embraced and incorporated the modern tatting techniques such as block tatting, split rings, self-closing mock rings and josephine rings in her designs. The daintiness of her lace pieces are enhance often by the use of many picots and decorative picots such as the doubled or triple picot.
All the lace patterns have full page color photos. The easy to read, numbered diagrams are presented mostly in quarter sections. All are paperbound book (approx. 8.5" x 8.5" or 22cm square) includes full color instructions for many techniques such as bi-color block tatting, hiding ends by tatting over the tails, the use of the magic thread and the use of a thread as a space holder to create the inward facing picot.
Iris is endlessly fascinated by tatting and has now published several books. She is a multilingual international teacher having taught tatting in Japan, in Denmark twice, at Palmetto's in South Carolina, at Lacis in Berkeley California. Her books are a good addition to your tatting library.
There are several free patterns posted at her website: http://www.iristatting.com
And here is a lovely pair of earring to challenge you:
I acquired all these books for my personal tatting reference library. G. Seitz | <urn:uuid:d3389dea-2f10-46e7-b83e-5ba20e135f59> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.bellaonline.com/ArticlesP/art26333.asp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280221.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00233-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954124 | 387 | 1.671875 | 2 |
Index to the County Louth assizes 1775-1810
These abstracts are
taken from The Freeman's Journal, copies of which were researched on
microfilm in the National Library of Ireland, on microfilm in the Library of
University College Dublin (over one long summer) and lately added to, from the website of the Irish Newspaper Archives Ltd.
County Louth Assizes
1775 - 1810
The Freeman’s Journal
28 Mar 1775
Saturday last the assizes of Dundalk ended,
where three several records of Nisi Prius, for non-payment of rent, were
tried before the Hon. Mr. Justice Robinson, and a very respectable
Jury, wherein Ephraim Stannus, Esq., was plaintiff, and William
Sturgeon, Esq., was defendant, when, after a full hearing, three several
verdicts were given for the plaintiff, with cost of suits. Dundalk March 27,
03 Sep 1776
Extract of a letter from Dundalk, dated August 31, 1776
This day came on before the Hon. Mr. Justice Tenison and a most
respectable jury the trial of Daniel McNeale, Neale McNeale,
John Eastwood and George Murdock, for the supposed murder of
Matthew Warren, on the 1st of July last; when after a hearing of
upwards of seven hours, they were most honourably acquitted, to the entire
satisfaction of the court and country. The jury did not take three minutes
to return their verdict. The counsel for the prisoners examined only four
witnesses in order to show where the riot on that particular day
began, and the occasion of it; the innocence of the young gentleman having
fully appeared from the testimony of the witnesses produced on the part of
13 Apr 1784
At the late assizes for the county of Louth, Mathew Doran, and
James McMahon, were tried and found guilty of robbing the servant of
Mr. Leigh, of Termanfecken, in the county of Louth, and were sentenced
to be executed at Dundalk on Monday last - Doran was a daring
offender, and was taken in the county Monaghan, after a pursuit of some
hours, and lodged in Dundalk gaol by Norman Steel, esq; with a party
of the Farney volunteers, whose alacrity and spirit on this occasion cannot
be sufficiently commended and to whom the grand jury of the county of Louth
returned thanks for the great service thereby tendered to the police of that
county. On the information of Doran, two men were apprehended near
Ardee, and committed to gaol, charged with the murder of Richard Dawson,
esq., of that place, some considerable time since, the perpetrators of which
inhuman act had remained undiscovered, notwithstanding the considerable
reward then offered to bring them to justice.
10 Mar 1785
Drogheda, March 8
Yesterday at the general assizes for the county of the town of Drogheda,
held at the Tholsel, before the Hon. Baron Power, and the Hon.
Justice Hallen, the following persons were tried and found guilty, viz.
James McMahon, for stealing a shirt,
value six-pence, the property of Mrs. Coddigton, to be whipped on
Saturday next, and to give bail for his good behaviour for one year.
Mary Casey, for stealing two purses, which contained about 6l. the
property of Mr. Lahy, her late master, to be hanged.
John Turnbull, for counterfeiting his Majesty's coin, was found
guilty, and received sentence of death, but was recommended by the jury as
an object of mercy.
William Duff, a soldier belonging tot he 5th regiment, for assaulting
Marks Murray, on the bridge of this town, was found guilty, and
received sentence to be transported.
Several others were tried for various offences, and acquitted.
This day the Judges proceeded on their circuit for Dundalk.
05 Apr 1788
The following persons were severally tried before the Hon.
Baron Power and the Hon. Mr. Serjeant Toler, Lords Justices of
Assize for the North East Circuit of Ulster:
County of Louth – Dundalk
Patrick Gaffney, to be executed on the 21st
of April, for stealing a mare.
17 Jul 1788
At the assizes of Dundalk, which ended on Wednesday last, the 17th instant,
the following persons were tried, viz. James Byrne, for robbing the
mail on the 27th of February last, at Barronstown, between Dunleer and
Drogheda, was convicted, and received sentence to be executed on Monday next
the 21st instant.
Patrick Rooney, for the same crime, pleaded guilty, but it appeared
that through his means the post-boy's life was preserved, and from some
other circumstances in his favour, he was ordered for execution on the first
day of November next.
Francis Smith, otherwise Cullen, (whose trial had been
put off last Lent assizes by the crown), was acquitted of the same robbery,
and William Connolly, John Toole, and Michael Doran,
who also stood indicted for the above robbery, and had been transmitted from
Drogheda to Dundalk, at the last Lent assizes, were discharged by
James Doran, indicted for an assault, pleaded guilty, and was fined
sixpence: and Daniel McCollister, convicted for a similar offence,
was sentenced to be imprisoned a fortnight.
Michael Morgan, John Read, Anthony Malone, John
Kennedy, George Byrne, and Bernard Egan, otherwise
Dublin, charged with several felonies; and Charles Keogh,
Bernard Byrne, John Dowdall, Christopher Burkell,
Nicholas Burkell and Hugh Cary, indicted for several assaults,
were all acquitted.
04 Aug 1789
COUNTY of LOUTH, DUNDALK ASSIZES
In the Crown Court, the following persons were tried before the Hon. Mr.
Baron Hamilton: Bernard Egan, (commonly known as the nickname
of Dublin) indicted for robbing the dwelling house of Martin Hoey
of various articles of wearing apparel, found guilty to the value of two
shillings - to be transported.
Same Bernard Egan, indicted for robbing the dwelling house of
James Carroll of many articles of wearing apparel - acquitted.
James Devling, indicted for stealing articles belonging to cars and
ploughs, the property of David Atkinson - acquitted.
James Miller, and John Lawson, presented by the Grand Jury as
idle vagabonds, found guilty - to be transported.
John Murragh, James Murragh, and John Moran, for taking
a forcible possession of the dwelling house in the possession of Laurence
Hoey - acquitted.
James Kearon, Peter Carroll, for assaulting Bridget Lamb,
and Patrick Lamb - acquitted.
Mathew Lorinan, Joseph Gray, John Pepper, John
Barran and Edward Lorinan, for assaulting Thomas Garten -
Mary Toole, indicted for privately stealing a guinea from the person
of James Develin, and on the trial it came out to be what he agreed
with her for a certain bargain - acquitted.
Francis Deane, and Nicholas Kearney, indicted for coining, the
evidence for the Crown could not support the indictment - acquitted, but to
Same persons, indicted for assaulting Owen Cassidy - acquitted
William Fitzsimons, for stealing tallow, the property of Henry
Manning - acquitted.
John McLaughlin, for assaulting Thomas Gribbs - acquitted
Richard Wallace, and Henry Wallace, for cow stealing, the
property of James Brickle; Richard Wallace was found guilty -
received sentence to be hanged. Henry Wallace acquitted.
Bernard McKinley, indicted for assaulting Miss Elizabeth Neill,
with an intent to commit a rape, found guilty - and sentenced to be
Michael Rogers (being a servant to Edward Hoey, of
Castlebellingham) indicted for embezzling the sum of 6L. 15d 1½d
the property of his said master - acquitted.
N.B. The Jury who were sworn on the trial of Murphy of Trim, were
enclosed from Saturday evening until Monday morning, when they were brought
to the verge of the county, and there discharged, as they had not agreed to
13 Apr 1790
The assizes for Dundalk ended the 12th of April instant, when the following
persons were tried and found guilty before the Hon. Baron Power.
Patrick McParland, found guilty on the chalking act, but being
recommended by both Grand and Petit Juries, judgment of execution was
respited till further orders.
Grace Graham, Francis Finigan and Mary Finigan, for
persuading Patrick Callon, and James Carragher to steal flour
from their masters, fined each one mark, and imprisoned one month.
James Moore, for rescuing from custody John Bolton, who was
arrested by virtue of a warrant under the hand and seal of the Right Hon.
John Foster, for felony, but on Mr. Foster's humanely
recommending him, the Judge only imprisoned him a fortnight, and ordered him
to give good security for his behaviour for seven years.
Thomas Morgan, presented by the Grand Jury as a vagabond, (he being
acquitted of several felonies) to be transported for seven years.
The following persons were acquitted: James Durnin, Peter Murphy,
Margaret Maguire, Peter Woods, Daniel Kelly and
James Moore, for felony.
Patrick Ward, for a riot.
07 May 1791
William Barnwell, John Hitchcock, Daniel Hitchcock,
for procuring a person unlawfully murder John Pentland, at Drogheda,
on the [?] of February last. - Trial put off to the next assizes by the
Crown, and said persons admitted to bail. [See 19
April 1792 below]
Robert Young, for taking out of the shop of Bridget Markey,
six silk handkerchiefs, value [?] - to be transported for seven years.
Patrick Tierney, for assaulting Mr. Aungrim the assizes day at
Drogheda - to be imprisoned [?] months and fined 20 marks.
James Keating, for assaulting James H[?] at Drogheda, on the
19th April last - fined [?]mark and imprisoned one month.
Same Keating, for assaulting Owen G[?], like punishment, after
term of first sentence expires.
Elizabeth Reilly, Mary McDaniel, J[?] Murray, Peter
Carroll, Thady Smith, Henry Reynolds - acquitted of
18 Aug 1791
On the 17th inst. the assizes here, which was held before the Right Hon. Mr.
Justice Kelly, when the following persons were tried: - John Donaldson, a
Preventing-officer of his Majesty's Revenue, was indicted for the murder of
Thomas Martin, a boy under the age of fourteen years.
On the prosecution it appeared in evidence that the prisoner having received
information, that a quantity of smuggled goods were at the port of Dundalk,
he the prisoner called upon a party of the the army, for his assistance; and
on his way to the shore or strand of Dundalk, he was set upon and hooted at,
by a number of small boys, who called him nick names - that the prisoner
being enraged at such conduct, his passion overpowered his reason, and the
result was, that he gave orders to the soldiers who accompanied him to fire,
in consequence of which the deceased received a shot in the thigh of which
The jury acquitted him of the murder, but found him guilty of manslaughter
at large. The learned judge sentenced him to be burned in the hand and
imprisoned for three months.
Patrick Carrol indicted for burglariously breaking open and entering a house
in Dundalk - found guilty, and sentenced to be hanged on Monday the 14th
Thomas McConwell and John Gregory, were indicted for the same burglary -
John Kane was indicted for a felony at large - found guilty, and sentenced
to be transported pursuant to the statute.
Ferdinanad McAlevy was indicted for assaulting James Hare - found guilty, and
received sentence to be imprisoned for three months, and to give security
for his good behaviour for three years.
It appeared in evidence on the trial of the traverser, McAlevy, that he is
one of the desperate gang called "defenders, or tongue cutters", who have so
long been a terror to the peaceable inhabitants of this county; and that he
was tried and acquitted at Armagh the last Assizes, for a similar offence in
company with many others of his desperate Associates.
Francis Bellew was indicted for committing a rape upon Anne Ward, and for a
rescue - acquitted.
19 Apr 1792
The King against William Barnwell, John Hitchcock, and Dan. Hitchcock.
That they, on the 21st of January, 1791, at Shop-street, in the county of
the town of Drogheda, did wickedly and maliciously combine, together with
several persons, to effect and procure the death and murder of John Pentland,
and did there wickedly urge, encourage, advise and solicit one John Wall, to
kill and murder the said John Pentland, and that he did wickedly urge,
encourage, advise and solicit, by the offer of a reward in money, the said
John Wall, to kill and murder the said John Pentland, by shooting him; and
that they did wickedly advise, encourage, solicit and tempt, by the offer of
fifty guineas as a reward, the said John Wall, to kill and murder the said
John Pentland, by shooting him; and that they did wickedly invite and
solicit the same John Wall, to kill and murder the said John Pentland, and
did there propose to the said John Wall, that the said Daniel Hitchcock
would hand over and pay unto him, the said John Wall, fifty guineas, if he,
the said John Wall, would shoot the said John Pentland, contrary to the
peace of the Lord the King, his Crown and dignity.
John Wall, the first witness for the Crown, proved, that about the time
mentioned in the indictment, he worked as a labourer with William Leggat, at
the Cross of Balgee, in the County of Dublin, and was about that time called
on by the traverser, William Barnwall, who told him he had material business
with him, but could not disclose it till he came to the house of John
Hitchcock, of Gilbertstown; but upon their arrival there he was told he must
go to Daniel Hitchcock's, Drogheda, (brother of the said John) where he
would be informed of the business; accordingly he went with Barnwall to
Drogheda, and on their leaving Gilbertstoen, the traverser, John Hitchcock,
called after Barnwall, and desired him, to be sure to hit his mark before
his return. On Wall and Barnwall's arrival in Drogheda, they went to the
house of the traverser, Daniel Hitchcock, (who was till then a stranger to
Wall) and having at some time in the parlour of Daniel Hitchcock, drinking
punch, in company with him, William Barnwall, and a man with askew eye, the
said William Barnwall told him that John Pentland, a revenue officer, had
greatly injured the said Daniel Hitchcock, having made several seizures on
him, And that it would be an easy matter to get shut of him, as there was no
watch in Drogheda; that fifty guineas were then counted down to him on a
table, which he was to get if he would shoot said John Pentland; and
Hitchcock told him he would go with him into a narrow lane, (Bessexwell-lane)
where Pentland had a stable, and that after he was shot, they could throw a
gun over a wall which he, D.H. would point out, and so pass through the
lane, and no one would be the wiser; and that he had provided a Queen Anne's
musket, charged with swan shot, and that it would be easy to do the deed
any night from nine till eleven, as Pentland often went to open the stable
about those hours. Upon this proposal, Wall asked if that was the business
for which he was brought to Drogheda, and peremptorily refused to be
concerned in it, and immediately left the house and went back to Leggat's
house, where he immediately communicated the transaction to Leggat, as also
several other persons, and in a few days afterwards, he left Leggat's, and
went to Dunleary, where he continued till he was apprehended after Pentland
had been shot.
William Leggat, who was mentioned by the last witness, proved, that the
traverser, Barnwall, had called on Wall about the time mentioned by Wall,
and that they both went off towards Drogheda together; he also proved, that
on Wall's return, on the 3d day after, he questioned him as to the business
that had brought him away, and observed, he believed it was not on a good
errand. Wall replied it was not on a good errand, if, he would do it, and
then told Leggat all that had happened, nearly as he before related. Leggat
then said, that fearing he might be brought into trouble, he parted with
Wall; and he also proved, that, he told what Wall had so related to a Mr.
Knox, who lived in his neighbourhood, and requested Knox's advice, as to
what should be done to prevent such a barbarous act from being committed,
and in consequence an anonymous letter was written to Pentland, desiring him
to be on his guard as his life was conspired against. Mr Knox proved Leggat's
communicating the business to him, and that he in consequence wrote the
letter above-mentioned to Pentland.
A brother of the deceased Pentland's was now produced, and proved the death
of Pentland; that he was shot with swan shot in Bessexwell-lane, coming
from his stable, in about six weeks after the transaction of which was had
given the account. John Claudius Beresford, Esq; proved, that after the death
of Pentland, he went to Drogheda to apprehend Daniel Hitchcock, by virtue of
a warrant from the Right Hon. Lord Viscount Clonmel, and he found Daniel
Hitchcock in bed in his own house about eight o'clock in the morning, and
him to get up and come with him, telling him he had a warrant against him
from Lord Clonmel, upon which D.H. said he could give bail to any amount,
but upon Mr. Beresford telling him he could not take bail, D.H. said
was very hard he should be taken for the murder of Pentland, when he was in
company with some of the first people in Drogheda at the time the fact was
committed." - These words, Mr. Beresford said, were made use of by the
traverser, D.H. before he, Mr. Beresford, intimated, on the nature of the
warrant; and Mr. Beresford said he conceived it as a self conviction.
Dr. Fairtclough, who accompanied Mr. Beresford to the house of
Hitchcock, corroborated Mr. Beresford in his relation of the circumstances
attending the arrest, and the words made use of by the traverser, D.H.
It appeared, as well on the direct as cross-examination, that Pentland, the
deceased, had made some seizures on Daniel Hitchcock, as well as on several
other persons in Drogheda.
Here the prosecution closed, and Counsel for the defence having mentioned
that they would produce witnesses to shew the bad character of Wall, and
that he was not to be believed on his oath.
Mr. Beresford, Counsel for the Commissioners of the Revenue, said he would
save them that trouble; that he would admit that Wall was as infamous, and
as bad a man as the Counsel, on the other side could wish to make him
appear, as the more infamous Wall was, the more probable it was he should be
applied to for a purpose of this nature.
In the defence, Counsel produced William Dillon, Esq., of the county of Meath,
who swore that Wall was not a person to be believed upon his oath, and also
that William Leggat was not to be believed upon his oath.
Mr. Dillon, on cross-examination, said that Wall was a riotous,
quarrelsome, drunken man, and would beat any man for payment, or a belly full of
whiskey; and he also admitted, that on a former trial relative to this
business, where Mr. Dillon was also produced, he did not say any thing
derogatory to the character or credit of Leggat.
Andrew Walsh, Esq; was also produced to the character of Wall, and proved
him to be of bad character, as did some other gentlemen; and, Alexander
Brown, of Dunleary, swore that Wall, very shortly before, had told him that
he had never seen or did he know Daniel Hitchcock.
Here the evidence on both sides closed, and the Hon. Baron Power, with that
perspicuity and clearness for which he is conspicuous, repeated the material
parts of the evidence, accompanied with strong and pertinent remarks; and
the Jury having retired, brought a verdict guilty, against all.
On Tuesday Morning, Baron Power came into Court before nine o'clock, and the traversers being called to the bar, they
protested their innocence, and said
that fine or imprisonment would absolutely ruin them, as they had families
depending on their industry for support.
The Baron then addressed them in a learned and elegant speech, in which he
said, that as long as he had the honour of carrying his Majesty's
commission, he never had the pain of experiencing a conviction of a similar
nature with the present. The common law, he said, looked upon such
abominable crime as next to impossible to be committed, and did not appoint
any specific punishment, nor did the statute law take notice of it, and
therefore it came under the general head of misdemeanours. He lamented, that
it fell to him to annex a punishment to a crime in which no punishment (that
he could in law inflict) would be adequate; as to a fine, he said, the noble
and truly learned Lord who presided at the former assizes, (Lord Carleton),
in measuring the bail for their appearance, had in some measure for what
they ought to forfeit to the public in case they did not appear to take
their trial, and therefore he could not impose a less fine that 200l.
each, (which was the recognizance upon them) and an imprisonment of twelve
months, which the law prescribed in cases of manslaughter, which fell far
short of the present crime in iniquity, several of the less heinous nature
having been by statute made capital.
Counsel for the prosecution - Marcus Beresford,
Robert Johnton, William Saurin and Alexander Hamilton, Esrs.
Agent - George Pentland
Counsel for the treversers - Richard Sheridan, Richard Mayne,
and - Ewing, Esqrs
Agents - James Metcalf and Garret Byrne
12 March 1793
commenced yesterday. A number of those infatuated wretches, called
Defenders, are to be tried.
The Right Hon.
the Speaker left town on Sunday morning, to be present at the assizes in
Dundalk, where he is obliged to attend.’
‘A rescue of the
Defenders to be tried in Dundalk being spoken of, a reinforcement of
military from Drogheda was sent hither, whom those that marched from our
barracks on Sunday morning are to replace.’
16 March 1793
‘Extract of a
letter from Dundalk, March 14.
"At the assizes,
yesterday, the Crown Court did not break up till seven o’clock at night. –
Judge Boyd and Downes presided on the bench alternately,
relieving each other in the fatigue of the business.
Three of the
wretches called Defenders were capitally convicted before the first
mentioned Justice, and two more before the latter. One of those found guilty
before Judge Boyd, Peter McBride, was executed at eight o’clock last
night, having went from the Court to the gallows, and the other two next
before Mr. Justice Downes are not yet sentenced. At the beginning of the
assizes, there were to be tried 120 persons, most of whom were Defenders.
It is imagined
business will not terminate here until next week. The Judges have been so
wearied, that they were obliged to write to the Lord Chancellor for aid upon
the bench; in consequence of which, Counsellor Caldbeck arrived here
yesterday with a commission of association, which was opened accordingly,
this day, and six of the Defenders capitally convicted before him.
Yesterday, a bill
of indictment was found against Napper Tandy, for dispersing about
here a libellous paper called Common Sense, at the time the Rt. Hon.
Speaker’s warrant was issued against him from the House of Commons. A
special messenger set off from hence yesterday, with a Judges warrant, to
bring him down here."’
DROGHEDA, March 16
Monday, the Hon. Mr. Justice Boyde, and the Hon. Mr. Justice
Downes, opened their respective Courts, swore the Grand Jury, and
adjourned without proceeding on any material business till next day.
Wednesday, Peter McBride, Thomas Dowdall, and James Flinn,
were tried under the Whiteboy Act, for entering Lord Clermont’s
house, near Dundalk, and taking firearms thereout; they were capitally
convicted, and received sentence of death. The trial was not over till near
seven o’clock, and McBride was executed at nine. Dowdall and
Flinn were ordered for execution on Thursday; When these unfortunate
men were brought out in order to be executed, Flinn solemnly declared
Dowdall innocent of the robbery, and through he humane interference
of the Right Hon. The Speaker, he was respited.
George McDaniel, found guilty of administering the Defenders’ oath,
ordered to be transported for life.
Bryan Smith, Charles McArdle, John Kirk, Bryan
McClerney, and Mathew Gregory, were found guilty before
Counsellor Caldbeck, under the Whiteboy Act, and received sentences of
death; also, Arthur Boyle, Pat. Bollard, and Laurence
Halfpenny, found guilty of robbing the house of Mr. Cobourne of
fire-arms, received sentence of death, and ordered for immediate execution.
Friday, Thomas Rath, Samuel Slator, John Dungan, were
tried for robbing his Majesty’s mail, near Flurry-bridge; Rath
pleaded guilty; Slator and Dungan were capitally convicted on
the evidence of James Devitt and – Quin, who were admitted
approvers on the part of the Crown.
day twenty-one men were tried for administering unlawful oaths, fifteen of
whom were convicted and sentenced to be transported for seven years.
Court was sitting at seven o’clock on the trial of John Gilmor,
Thomas Keean, and John Cunningham, for robbing John Flanagan,
near this town, on the 23rd of February last.
21 March 1793
A few mornings since a man was
discovered by the coachman of one of the mail carriages, about a mile beyond
Dundalk, lying murdered in a ditch. The perpetrators of this horrid deed
acted with unusual barbarity, the unfortunate person having received three
stabs in the belly, one in the breast, a wound over one of the eyes, an hand
cut through, and, as a finishing stroke of savage inhumanity, his head
nearly severed from his body. A broken stick, with a carved head, was
found near his mangled remains.
It is conjectured by the passengers in
the coach that the ill-fated man was a steward, going from Drogheda to
Dunleer, and being suspected to have received cash in the former place, was
attacked and robbed by some merciless villains. He was of robust make, and
seemed near fifty years of age.
Mr. McGuire, an inhabitant of this
city [Dublin], one of the passengers, endeavoured to trace the murderers,
(who appeased to have committed the cruel business a short time only before
the arrival of the coach), but without the wished for success.
On the evening of the 16th instant,
sixteen unfortunate men received sentence of death at Dundalk, we understand
they are to be executed on the 25th instant, and 25th of April next. Upwards
of twenty were sentenced for transportation; the greater number of whom are
to be transported for seven years, for taking the Defenders' oath, and
others for life, for administering the oath.- The assizes were adjourned to
Thursday the 11th of April next, then to sit for the dispatch of business.
23 March 1793
fragments of the business transacted at the above mentioned assizes having
appeared in some of the Dublin newspapers, we think it necessary to give the
following particulars which may be depended upon as a true statement of the
found guilty of a burglary and felony in the house of Elizabeth McNeal,
of Ballagan – to be hanged on the 22d of April.
A great number of
Defenders, indicted in said burglary, are not yet taken.
Thomas Keenan, and Pat Conyngham, (all Defenders) found guilty
of highway robbery, on John Flanagan – to be executed on the 1st
found guilty of a burglary in the house of Charles Cravan, Esq: -
also, found guilty of three other capital felonies under the Whiteboy act –
to be executed the 22d of April.
James Flinn, and Peter McBride, for a burglary in the house of
Lord Clermont, and several other capital felonies; Peter McBride
was hanged on the 14th instant, being the day he was found
guilty, and the other two were ordered to be hanged the next day; but at the
gallows, Dowdall confessed he did not go into the house at the time of the
robbery, and the Speaker seeing he was very young, humanely interfered with
the Judges, and had him respited. – Flinn was hanged.
Philip McArdle, Bryan McElerny and Mathew Gregory,
found guilty of several felonies, under the Whiteboy act – to be hanged on
the 1st of April.
found guilty for said felonies – to be hanged on the 12d of April.
for several felonies, under said act – to be hanged the 25th of
Halfpenny, found guilty with him for said felonies – to be hanged on the
22d of April.
John Dungan, and Thomas Reath, for robbing the mail at
Flury-bridge, county Louth, of eleven bags of letters; Reath pleaded
guilty; the trials of the other two lasted the whole of the day – all to be
hanged on the 25th of March.
for assuming the name of Defender – to be publicly whipped through the town
of Carlingford, and give security of his good behaviour for seven years.
found guilty of administering the following oath to one Peter Mathews,
‘that he should be true to his brothers; be true to his Captain or
Committee; never to defraud them, and to be ready at all calls to assist
them,’ – to be transported for life.
Thomas Mathews, Peter Markey, William Taaffe, Henry
Rider, William Johnston, Terence Lee, Francis Connor,
James Mathews, William Hughes, James Murphy, Thomas
Foggy, James Hinds, Pat Hoey, Thomas Coffey, all
found guilty of taking the above oath, and ordered to be transported for
Five others were
acquitted of taking the oath.
found guilty of a most wilful perjury, whereby three persons escaped for
murder – to be twice pillored, imprisoned three months, and afterwards
transported for seven years.
Nugent, Stephen McGuigan, Thomas Finegan, Arthur Hagan,
James Cravan, Edward McArdle, Bryan McArdle, Peter
Crilly, Michael McCabe, Pat Wall, Barny Grimes,
James Byrne, Pat Mathews, and Laurence Quigly – all
acquitted of offences under the Whiteboy act.
prosecutions were carried on by the Crown, in which the Attorney and
Solicitor Generals were indefatigable, and their conduct distinguished with
There are a great
number of persons yet untried, and the Judges have adjourned to the 11th
of April, to finish the rest of the business.
The candour and
impartiality of Mr. Justice Downes on the Bench are highly applauded.
Mr. Caldbeck proceeds from Downpatrick of finish the business, during
which, as a Judge, he has experienced the severity of very long sittings,
from nine in the morning till ten at night, which he bore with laudable
30 March 1793
Samuel Slater and John Dungan were executed in Dundalk, pursuant
to their sentence, for robbing his Majesty’s mail, near Flury-bridge: they
were launched into eternity about four o’clock, and behaved in a manner
truly penitent – also, Patrick Ballard, for robbing the home of
Mr. Bailly, near Dundalk – Laurence Halfpenny, who was concerned
with Ballard, in the above robbery was respited.
A respite for ten
days was obtained for Thomas Reath, on of the parties in the mail
robbery.’ [See Dundalk Assizes 23 March 1793]
13 April 1793
DUNDALK, April 11
‘This day, the
judges sat here pursuant to adjournment, and proceeded to business, when
James Napper Tandy was called to take his trial for publishing a libel,
signed ‘Common Sense’, and he not appearing his recognizance was effected,
and those of his bail, Mr. Arnold, of Usher’s-quay, silk
manufacturer, and another person.
Pat Byrne, of
Dundalk, Gent, who submitted to the indictment for said libel, has not yet
found guilty this day of taking the Defenders oath – is to be transported
for seven years.’
18 April 1793
[ex. JCLAHS 1931, p.434]
Sentence of death was pronounced last Saturday at Dundalk on Twenty-one
Twenty-five Defenders were sentenced to be transported, and to be imprisoned
for 18 months, for conspiracy to murder Mr. John Morgan.
Six were sentenced to be imprisoned for other offences.
Arthur Hagan and Patrick Munthirtrick were sentenced to two
years' imprisonment for conspiracy to murder Mr. McNeal.
The same persons, for another conspiracy to murder Mr. McNeal, in
conjunction with Devitt who robbed the mails, two years.
Patrick Byrne, Esq., for circulating a libel signed "Common Sense"
was sentenced to two years imprisonment, and £1,000 fine.
W. Colman sentenced to two years, and fined £500.
James N. Tandy, Esq., for the same libel, did not appear. His
recognizance was estreated.
Also several others were sentenced for various crimes as Defenders.
Thirteen persons were indicted for murder. Their trials were put off: and
there are now Bench Warrants against eighty, who were indicted and have
27 Jul 1793
At Dundalk Assizes, Mr. P. Byrne, a person of
respectability, convicted at the last assizes there of circulating seditious
papers, and sentenced to be imprisoned and fined 500l. - pleaded his
Majesty's pardon for the imprisonment, but paid the fine and was enlarged.
There are no Defenders to be tried in Louth, or
at Dundalk, but those that remained untried at those places at the last
1 August 1793
Assizes, Mr. P. Byrne, a person of respectability, convicted at the
last assizes there of circulating seditious papers, and sentenced to be
imprisoned and fined 500L – pleaded his Majesty’s pardon for the
imprisonment, but paid the fine, and was enlarged.
There are no
Defenders to be tried in Louth or at Dundalk, but those that remained
untried at those places at the last assizes.’
persons were tried before Justice Crookshank, the 19th instant:
Martin Fitzgerald, found guilty of robbing Mr. Blacker, of
arms, and two other capital felonies, ordered to be executed.
found guilty of conspiring to murder Thomas Rogers, and of attempting
to burn his haggard.
Peter Keenan, Michael Macloughlin, Martin Byrne;
Henry, Margaret and Catherine Levins, Henry Magee,
Francis Byrne, Catherine Murphy, Thomas Timey(?), and
Thomas Andrews, acquitted of various offences.
8 August 1793
At the above
assizes which ended on Thursday the first of August, the following persons
were tried before the Hon. Mr. Justice Crookshank: -
found guilty of traitorously and feloniously setting fire to, and burning
the house of Christophilous Jenny, Esq., at Park, on the 5th
of January last – sentenced to be hanged, quartered, &c. on the 5th
Fitzpatrick, found guilty under the White-boy act, of taking arms from
John Blacker, of Aulare – to be hanged on the 12th of
Manus McKevit, and M. Hamill, found guilty of taking arms from
different people – to be hanged on the 12th of August.
found guilty of taking arms out of the house of Pat. Reath, of Gluck,
on the 25th of May – to be hanged on the 5th of
found guilty of conspiring to kill and murder Thomas Rogers, and also
to burn his house – to be imprisoned two years and six months and to be
pillored in Dundalk.
who was found guilty last assizes of conspiring to kill Torquin Park
McNeill, Esq., found guilty at the present assizes of another conspiracy
– to be imprisoned one year, to commence after former imprisonment is out,
and to pay additional fine of 100L.
found guilty of taking an unlawful oath – to be transported pursuant to
found guilty of petty larceny, burned in the hand.
James Martin, and Bryan McMahon, found guilty of a riot and
appearing armed – to be whipped, and imprisoned three months.
found guilty of petty larceny – to be imprisoned four days, and burned in
indicted for the murder of Mr. Morgan, made an affidavit to put off
their trial, which the Court could not refuse; but imagining some trick was
intended, adjourned to the 26th of August, to try them and other
subsequent trial - see below - on 26th August 1793 Thomas Carty
otherwise Gartlany was found guilty of the murder. He was sentenced
to death by hanging and to be ‘anatomised’].
03 Sep 1793
Drogheda AUGUST 31.
At the adjournment of the assizes of Dundalk, held on Monday last, before the
Hon. Justice Crookshank, two men of the name of Callen, father and son, were tried
for setting fire to an out-house, and houghing cattle, the property of Mr. Morgan, of Lucan-green: the father was capitally convicted; an arrest of
judgment was moved in behalf of the prisoner, and allowed by the Court, until
the opinion of the Judges were taken.
- McCartney was tried for the murder of Mr. John Morgan, and capitally
convicted. - The prosecutor, McKitterick, related the proceedings of this
horrid murder with great clearness: the Counsel for the prisoner, however,
moved an arrest of judgment, on the ground that the evidence of the
prosecutor was not competent; he being himself convicted, for conspiring to
take away the life of the late Mr. Morgan, which was allowed by the Court.
05 Sep 1793
Dundalk, August 26
Adjournment of assizes.
The KING against THOMAS CARTY, otherwise GARTLANY, for the
murder of JOHN MORGAN.
Judge, Mr. Justice Crookshank.
Very long account. The names included are as follows:
Mr. Dobbs, Counsel for the prisoner.
Peter McKittrick, the approver in the case.
Mr. Sheridan, one of the Counsel for the Crown.
Mr. Mayne, one of the Counsel for the Crown.
Jack Hardy, discharged his gun at Morgan [missed].
Bryan Dullaghan, shot his gun at Morgan [missed].
Richard Morgan, brother of the deceased.
Margaret Callan, witness.
Pat Callan [brother of Margaret], a prisoner.
10 Sep 1793
DROGHEDA. Sept. 7
Committed by the Mayor, on Wednesday night last, Thomas Cavanagh and
Christopher Wogan, charged with having stopped Mr. Daniel Hitchcock, of
Drogheda, grocer, on the high road, near Blackbuth-lane, in the county of
the town of Drogheda, and forcibly and feloniously took from his person a
pocket-book, containing a bill for 105l and another bill value 112l. 9s. 6d.
a gold watch value ten guineas, together with some cash - which articles
were afterwards found in their possession.
18 Feb 1794
Drogheda, Feb. 15
Thomas Carty, one of the
persons concerned in the horrid murder of Mr. John Morgan, near
Lurgan-green, county Louth, in August 1792, and who was capitally convicted
last summer assizes, is to be executed, pursuant to hi sentence, on the
Commons of Dromiskin, on Monday next. It is hoped the magistrates and
gentlemen of property will attend at the execution, in order to
discountenance such atrocious acts, which have of late disgraced the county
Wednesday night last, Mr. Mayor, aided
by Mr. John Linton, and a party of the 12th regiment, apprehended in
the neighbourhood of this town, the following persons, against whom
examinations for various offences are sworn, viz. John Magennis,
miller; Mathew Collier, weaver; John Connolly, weaver; and
James Inglisby, weaver, and committed them to the gaol of this town.
Yesterday morning the following
persons were transmitted from the gaol of this town to Dundalk, under the
escort of an officer's guard, James Magennis, James Meade,
James Moore, Thomas Carvan, and Patrick Dooly, in order to
abide their trials at the ensuing assizes of Dundalk, for robbery and other
And this morning three prisoners,
Pat. Murphy, John Callan, and Thomas Monks, were
transmitted to Trim gaol, under a serjeant's guard.
25 March 1794
the Hon. Justice Chamberlaine too his seat in the Crown Court, where
the following persons were tried: -
and Patrick Grimes were tried and found guilty of robbing Messrs.
Bamber and McCartney, on the high road near this town, in the
and John Maginnes were convicted of forcibly entering the
dwelling-house of the Rev. Moore Smith, of Killincoole, and robbing
the same of fire-arms.
in this case was supported by the evidence of Mr. Smith and James
Cravan, an approver, who gave a very clear and accurate account of his
being at the robbery, and identified the prisoners.
Patrick Teernan, Patrick Kenny, James Morgan, Dennis
McKenna, Thos Kirwan, Patrick McKenna alias Thomas
McKenna, and Richard Kelly, were tried upon four indictments, for
attacking the house of Alexander McClintock, of Newtown, on the 25th
of December, 1792.
The evidence in
this case, produced on the part of the Crown, were Mr. McClintock,
who proved the attack, and of there having been several shots fired which
broke the windows in his house, but could not identify the prisoners.
The next witness
was Thomas Murphy, an approver, who swore he was with the prisoners
at the bar and others, at the attack on the above night – that they were
armed with guns and blunderbusses, and were all sworn Defenders, and
determined to plunder the house of arms and ammunition; his testimony was in
some respects not consistent and several gentlemen were produced, who gave
evidence that he was not a person to be credited on his oath – and that they
knew him to be guilty of several robberies. – The Jury after retiring for a
few minutes, found the prisoners – not guilty.
persons were capitally convicted:
Kennedy and Mat McCunnin for a felony and burglary in the
dwelling house of Ann Rogan
Thomas Carry, James Martin, Silvester Carry, Patrick
Hamill, for a burglary and felony in the dwelling-house of the Rev.
Robert Levins. The former was recommended by the Grand Jury, it having
appeared that he saved the life of Mr. Levins.
for a burglary and a felony in the dwelling-house of Peter Kirck.
for robbing the highway near Dundalk, James Dogherty, and John
John Morgan, and Michael McIlroy, found guilty of being
Defenders and taking unlawful oaths, were sentenced to be transported for
James Shee, Thomas Burne, and Michael Fraghan,
convicted of appearing armed as Defenders, were sentenced to be twice
publicly whipped, and imprisoned three months – and James Boyce and
John Cravan, to be punished in a similar manner for such like
for conspiring against the life of David Atkinson, Esq; a magistrate,
very active in his duty, found guilty, and sentenced to be imprisoned three
months, and fined 20L.
for sheep-stealing, sentenced to transportation.
for being a Defender, and appearing armed, to be twice whipped, and
imprisoned six months.
guilty of a riot and breaking windows at Ardee, to be imprisoned three years
and give security.
James Fee, and George Shevelan, were tried and acquitted for
robbing the Ardee mail.
charged with publishing a libel signed Common Sense acquitted.
charged with being Defenders, were acquitted.
acquitted of drinking seditious and treasonable toasts, the prosecutor
having died a few days before the trial.
Counsel for the
Crown in the above trials: The Attorney General, Mr. W.P. Ruxton,
Mr. Saurin, and Mr. McCartney – Agent, Mr. Kemins.
Counsel for the
Mr. Mayne, Mr. Dobbs, Mr. Ewing, Mr. Ball,
Mr. Saurin, and Mr. Pellew – Agent, Mr. Hartford.’
08 April 1794
Drogheda, March 5
James Scholes, Esq., Thomas Rooney and John Callaghan –
charged with having forcibly entered the house of Mary Collier, put
her in fear of her life, and feloniously took thereout cash and goods to the
amount in value of five guineas.
and Jane Keenan were committed to goal, by the worshipful Mayor –
charged with having stole out of a trunk, in the house of John Orson
Esq, Fair-street, six hundred guineas.
The cook and two
housemaids were concerned in the above robbery – one of the latter has
turned approver, by which means 178 guineas have been recovered.’
unfortunate men are to suffer death in Dundalk, pursuant to their sentence
at the last assizes:
to be executed on Monday, the 7th inst.
William Smith, and Thomas Carry, on Monday the 4th
inst. Patrick Hamill and John McGuinness, on Monday, the 11th
the 28th inst.
Philip Caragher, Sylvester Carry, Arthur Martin,
Christopher Kennedy, and Mat McCuming, are to be executed on the
26th of May next.
James Boyle and Tully Hunt, were whipt from the gaol of Dundalk
to the bridge – they are to undergo the like punishment on the 28th
James Fox, Thomas Byron, and Michael Feehan, are to be
whipt from the gaol of Dundalk to the bridge, and on the 5th of
24 April 1794
‘At the assizes
in Dundalk, held on Friday and Saturday last, Richard Mullen was
found guilty with others, the house of (sic) John Dunkin of firearms;
as was also Patrick Carney, for conspiring to take away the life of
Brabazon Smith, Esq., several other prisoners were tried for slight
offences and acquitted.’
3 May 1794
adjournment of the spring assizes, held in Dundalk, on the 18th
inst., the following persons were tried:
and John Coleman, for feloniously forceably (sic) and by threats and
menace causing John Duncan to deliver to them a gun, to be executed
on Monday next.
for forcibly, maliciously and feloniously attacking the dwelling house of
Pakenam Smith, Esq., to be hanged on Monday next.
for conspiring against the life of Joseph Coulter, to be imprisoned
two years and give security for his good behaviour.
for receiving stolen goods, to be imprisoned one year.
for being a vagabond, to be transported for seven years, unless he gives
bail for his good behaviour for seven years.
Verdon, for an assault, to be imprisoned three months.
for an assault, to be imprisoned six months.
for an assault, fined 6d.'
17 May 1794
and John Kinlan, found guilty at an adjournment of the quarter
sessions at the Thostal of street robbery, are to be executed in front of
the New Gaol, this day, pursuant to their sentence.'
20 May 1794
Michael Reilly and John Kinlan were executed for street
robbery, at the front of the New Gaol, pursuant to their sentence.'
The Freeman's Journal
25 Aug 1794
The following persons were tried before the
Hon. Justice Boyd, at Dundalk assizes:
Owen Maguire, acquitted of a burglary
and felony in the dwelling-house of Chichester Dowdall, and also of
several other capital felonies; but found guilty of demanding arms for
Defenders - to be transported for seven years.
James Kernaghan, found guilty of
stealing ten guns - to be transported for seven years.
Pat. Kelly, found guilty for the same
offence - to be transported for seven years.
Thomas Branigan, acquitted of a highway
robbery, and also of a felony under the chalking act.
Mat. Farrelly and Pat. Berrill,
acquitted of a burglary and felony in the dwelling house of Mat. Keapock.
Mat. Lennon and Thomas Callan,
acquitted of the murder of Laurence McKenna.
Bryan McArdle, acquitted of a burglary
and felony in the dwelling-house of Peter Keeran.
Catherine Baker, found guilty of a
felony at large - to be transported for seven years.
Michael McDarnell, Peter McDarnell,
Laurence McDarnell, and Jack Spring, acquitted of a felony at
Martin Maguiness, acquitted of a felony.
Pat. Byrne, Peter Leonard,
James McArdle, and Pat. Conolly, acquitted of holding a forceable
Rich. Kelly, acquitted of several
felonies under the White Boy act.
20 September 1794
persons were on Thursday tried before the Hon. Justice Crookshank at the
found guilty of corrupt perjury. It was for swearing against messrs Bird,
Hamill and Delahoyd, at the last assizes; he was convicted on the
most clear and satisfactory evidence.
gentlemen gave evidence against him, and they swore in the most solemn
manner, that the never countenanced Defenders but used every endeavour to
ordered to be pillared on Saturday the 17th inst, his ears to be
nailed to the pillar and, then, to be transported for seven years, pursuant
to the statute. [See Dundalk Assizes 25 March 1794]
acquitted of stealing a cow from Joseph Birch in the co. Dublin.
acquitted of endeavouring to seduce John McNally, a militia-man, to
join in a robbery.
acquitted of stealing a watch, the property of James Dogherty.
found guilty of perjury, in his examination before Ralph Smith Esq.,
Mayor of Drogheda – to be pillared opposite the Thostal on the 11th
acquitted of robbery on Bryan Halfpenny.
26 March 1795
ended on the 19th instant and the following persons were tried
before Mr. Baron Smyth: Michael Callan, Peter Carroll,
and John Smith, all found guilty of capital offences, received
sentence to be hanged on the 12th of May next.
found guilty of several assaults and false imprisonment, as a crimp, to be
imprisoned, six months.
found guilty of drinking a seditious toast, but being strongly recommended,
was only fined a mark, and to be imprisoned for a week.
found guilty of petty larceny, burned in the hand.
Bernard Grimes and Owen Maguire, to remain till next assizes
to stand their trial for murder.
for administering oaths.
for taking arms from Rev. Mr. Moore Smyth, and several other felonies.
also for several such like felonies.
acquitted of ditto.
for bottle stealing.’
'The assizes at Drogheda ended on Thursday last – There were several persons
tried at them, most of whom were acquitted. Daniel Hitchcock,
confined on a charge of forgery, was ordered to remain in custody, until he
give security, himself in 400L – and two sureties in 500L each, to stand
trial for the same at the next assizes.'
11th August 1795
Boylan, found guilty at Dundalk assizes of setting fire to the stable
and barn of Mr. Joseph Morgan, at Moore-town, was executed yesterday,
pursuant to his sentence.’
‘At the assizes
of Dundalk last week, the following persons were tried before the Hon.
Justice Crookshank: -
and Owen Maguire were found guilty of the murder of Thomas Wade,
on the evidence of James Thornton – who was an accomplice in the
murder, and turned approver.
are nearly as follows: -
Maguire, Thornton, and the deceased, went together on the night
of the 20th of July 1794, in order to commit a robbery at
Longstones. – They had previously concerted a plan to murder Wade, to
prevent him from prosecuting some persons who were confined in the jail of
Drogheda, at the following assizes. – When they came to the river of
Drumthallen, Maguire knocked down Wade with a blunderbuss – and the other
two held him under the water until he was suffocated. – They then took him
out – each struck him on the head with large stones, and threw him into the
Some time after
the murder was committed, Thornton was taken up in a robbery, of Mr. Gray,
of Ardee, near Tullyhesker hill, and lodged in the gaol of Drogheda. He
there discovered the murder and swore against Maguire; on his being
transmitted to Dundalk, he implicated Grimes.
When the jury
returned their verdict guilty, Grimes called on Maguire to declare the truth
– and Maguire positively declared Grimes was not at the murder, but had
given them arms to commit the intended robbery.
They were both
executed on Thursday, and their bodies sent to the country infirmary, where
they were dissected, and afterwards interred in the gaol yard.
acknowledged the crime for which he was to suffer; Grimes has left a
confession after him, in which he solemnly denies his guilt as to the
murder, but says he committed several robberies – and was led through malice
to prosecute Messrs. Bird, Hamill, Delahoyde, Read,
and others, for High Treason, at Drogheda, at Spring Assizes, 1794.’ [See 20
September 1794 - Drogheda Assizes and other references]
15 Mar 1796
Drogheda, March 12
Tuesday last the assizes of this town
commenced; the Hon. Baron Smith went through the entire business. -
His Lordship went into Court before nine o'clock in the morning, and did not
retire from the bench until after eleven at night. - Patrick Fear,
corporal in the North Mayo Militia, was tried and found guilty of insulting
George Evans, Esq., Mayor of this town, in the execution of his duty.
The learned Judge was determined to inflict very exemplary punishment upon
him, but Mr. Mayor humanely interfered with the Court - and after some very
pointed remarks upon the danger of insulting a magistrate, particularly by
men whose duty it is to protect the peace - his Lordship was pleased to
mitigate his punishment to a fine of six-pence. The soldier afterwards asked
Mr. Mayor's pardon, and returned him thanks for his humanity. There were
three records and forty civil bills tried.
His Lordship proceeded on Wednesday morning to
Dundalk, and swore in the Grand Jury of the county of Louth.
Thursday at the assizes of Dundalk, --
Clarke, of Ardee, was tried before the Hon. Justice Downes, for
administering the Defender's oath to a drummer of the Donegall Militia, and
31 Mar 1796
Drogheda. March 15
Friday, at Dundalk, Jn. Campbell, a constable,
was tried for murdering Roger Murphy, at Janesborrough, and capitally
convicted. He was to have been executed yesterday - but from some favourable
circumstances that came out on his trial, and Capt. Ogle giving him an
exceeding good character, the learned judge has recommended him to the
clemency of the Government.
Friday night last, two industrious weavers, at
Ballymakenny, were robbed by a party of miscreants of five guineas each.
13 April 1797
‘At the assizes
of Dundalk several persons were tried for various offences, and two
convicted; one for attempting to administer the United Man’s [sic] oath to a
serjeant of the Dublin Militia, and the other of cow stealing.’
05 Sep 1797
Tuesday, Aug. 29
The King against Arthur Keys.
This trial was called on, on Monday, at three o'clock, before Lord Yelverton,
who presided in the Crown Court. His Lordship, however, considering it a
case of the last importance to the safety of the country, expressed his
intention of trying the traverser, a Captain of the ARMAGH militia, and
Serjeant Derham, of the same regiment, and Mr. English, a member of the
Drogheda Yeomanry, with Serjeant-major Holmes, and Serjeant Fisher, of the
The offence as to the three first was for assaulting Patrick Murphy,
detaining him unlawfully in the guard-house, shaving one half of his head,
drumming him through he town to the tune of the rogue's march, and pumping
him at the Tholsel, all stated to have been done by the order of Captain
The case was stated by Mr. Bellew.
The Lord Chief Baron animadverted thoroughly upon the excesses of the
military, and observed that it was high time to teach them how far they were
authorised to go. For if they conceived, that the proclamation that altered
the law, or given any new power to disturb the peace of the country, they
should find themselves mistaken. He adopted the statement of Mr. Bellew in
its extent, and upon the matter being fully proved to the satisfaction of the
Jury and his own - he proceeded immediately to pass sentence.
An application was made by Mr. Macartney, on behalf of the Captain, stating
the loss which the service would endure by the imprisonment of this officer,
who was both a Captain and Adjutant of the regiment, and praying that he
might rather be punished by a fine than imprisonment, and offering some
arguments in mitigation.
His Lordship answered, that he would proceed to pass that sentence which the
offence in his judgment merited. All this would be proper to state to the
Government of the country. - Let them what would benefit the service, but
sitting in a judgment seat, he could not pass over a transgression wherein an
individual had arrogated to himself a power which neither the Supreme Court
of Judicature, the whole Bench of Judges put together, had ever presumed to
do; for he had made his own will the law, and had taken upon him, of his own
authority, to imprison one of his Majesty's subjects, and to inflict an
ignominious punishment upon him without the shadow of the law, without
examination, evidence, charge or accusation, and without authority of any
kind. He then sentenced all the parties, except Serjeant Derham, to three
months imprisonment, and further sentences Captain Keys to pay the King a
fine of 50 marks.
Serjeant Derham he discharged upon paying a fine of 6d. considering him an
instrument acting under the orders and control of his officer.
05 September 1797
Thursday Aug. 31.
This day was
nearly concluded the business of the town. The Attorney General came into
Court and expressed his intention, which was, that no bill should be sent up
against the several persons charged with treason and treasonable practices,
and committed by Mr. Gattigar, of Dundalk, amongst whom were Hugh
Reilly, Mr. James Kelly, Mr. Gossin, post-master of
Fleury-bridge, Mr. Dowdall, Mr. Smyth, Mr. Derry, late
Usher at Mr. Tindall’s school, and Mr. Maurety of this place.
They had petitioned for their trial on the first day of the assizes, and had
brought down Mr. Curram specially from Dublin, and retained Mr.
Ball, Mr. Clelland, Mr. Sampson, and Mr. Chanlon;
they are yet held to bail and bound to come forward at the ensuing assizes.
The only cause of
importance or curiosity now remaining is the trial of Mrs. Elizabeth
McGan, for persuading a soldier to become a United Irishman.’
‘This day the
assizes concluded. The trial of the lady for seducing the soldier to become
an United Irishman – did not go on.’
12 September 1797
‘At the Dundalk
assizes, which terminated on the first of September, John McGarrity
was found guilty of horse-stealing, and ordered to be executed on the 6th
of November next. It was intended to recommend him an object of mercy, on
condition of his going abroad.
persons were tried for various offences and the trials of some were deferred
to a future day, who were admitted to bail.’
16 September 1797
Ended on Friday,
the 1st of September, when the following persons were tried and
found guilty: John McGarrity, for horse stealing, to be hanged on the
6th of November next, the intention being to recommend him for
mercy on condition of serving abroad.
for assaulting a Revenue officer and a constable, to be imprisoned for a
fortnight and give security for his future good behaviour; the sentence was
made so small on account of the traverser having been in custody for five
months before his trial.
Christopher Keeran, and Pat. Lennon, for an assault at the
fair of Mullacrew, to be confined a month.
for the same offence, to be imprisoned three months and fined forty
shillings: this increase in his sentence beyond the others arose from his
having produced on his defence three perjured witnesses.
for stopping and seizing a man on the highway, asking him was he up,
and detaining him for half an hour, was not withstanding an able defence
made by Counsellor Curran, convicted, and ordered to be imprisoned
one month and to give security of the peace for seven years; it appearing by
prisoner’s affidavit that he was poor, no fine was set on him.
a journeyman shoemaker, for combination, to be imprisoned six months.
persons were acquitted:
and Bryan Duff, for murder; Felemy Hinchy, for the murder of
his own bastard child; Peter Carroll, for burglary and felony;
Arthur McCooey, and Silvester Mathews, for riots; Peter Callan,
and John Gallagher, for stealing yarn; M. McDaniel, for
combination; Daniel Laverty, a soldier in the Londonderry militia for
the murder of Christopher Grant. It appeared in evidence that the
soldier having a prisoner in custody, conveying him to justice, he was
attacked by the deceased, who threw several stones at him from behind a
ditch, one of which stones cut the soldier desperately on the head, upon
which he pursued, and upon coming up to deceased stabbed him with a bayonet;
Peter Fitzpatrick, for Grand Larceny.
trials were postponed:
for administering oaths; Nicholas Carroll, William Timmons,
and John Maguire, for murder; John Mullan, for endeavouring to
seduce a soldier from his allegiance; Bernard Dowdall, Hugh Reilly,
Nicholas Gossan, Pat Dowdall, Edward Reilly, James
Kelly, Bryan Smith, Joseph Mourity, Valentine Derry,
Hugh Hagan: - These persons had been for some time on a charge of
High Treason, and the Attorney Gen. having informed the Court, that he did
not mean to prefer any bill of indictment against them at this assizes and
that he consented to their being bailed; they were accordingly discharged on
giving security to appear at next Assizes.’
23 March 1799
Assizes, Hugh Markey was found guilty of burglary, and felony in the
house of Thomas Rafferty, and ordered to be executed on Monday the 8th
18 July 1799
‘At the assizes
of Dundalk, there was little business, owing to the happy change that has
taken place in the state of the country, but one person was capitally
convicted, and that was for stealing yarn.’
25 July 1799
Began, and ended
on the 15th July; there was no civil business.
was tried and found guilty of robbing a bleach-green and sentenced to be
executed on the 8th August – On this man’s train it appeared from
a witness produced by himself to his character, that he had committed a
murder about two years since, and had absconded for it for some time.
John Kelly, a
servant, for stealing yarn from his master’s ware-house, was ordered to be
whipped through Drogheda, and imprisoned three months.’
Began Tuesday 16th,
and ended on Wednesday the 18th, which Loughlin Duffy,
alias Brady, found guilty of stealing a mare, was sentenced to be
executed on the 2nd of September.
James Daly, a
boy about 13 years old, for picking the pockets of three of his
fellow-servants of money, was ordered to be transported for seven years, he
appearing to be an adept at thieving.
Ann Smyth and
Mary Lennon, for stealing linen cloth out of a market, ordered to be
transported for seven years.
for receiving stolen goods, to be transported for life.’
12 April 1800
Trials at Dundalk
The assizes began on Thursday the
2d and ended on Saturday the 5th April last, when the following
persons were tried and found guilty, viz: -
Edward Rourke, of the murder
of his own child, about four months old, by throwing it into a bog hole, at
Donaghmore, on the 5th of January last, by which means it was
Francis McElboy alias
McEvoy of usury – ordered to pay treble the money lent
William Taaffe, of a riot,
and seizing two horses: two cars laden with potatoes, cutting the sacks and
letting the potatoes fall about the road.
Thomas Hoey of assaulting
Pat. Hillard at Haggardstown, on the 11th Feb last; ordered
to be imprisoned for a month.
Peter Durnin, of feloniously
taking, on the 15th Oct last, sundry articles of wearing apparel,
the property of Arthur Curry, ordered to be transported for seven
Felix Dawdly, of stealing
hay, the property of John Dransfield, of Dundalk, sentenced also to
be transported for seven years.
Patrick Hanratty of pig
The following persons were
John Barlett, of the murder
of Michael Cavanagh, a soldier.
Michael Connolly, of stealing
Thomas McCann of receiving a
promissory note, which had been taken out of the mail.
Pat Hanratty for stealing a
James Finigan, acquitted of
feloniously taking £1 6s 0d in money.
Michael McDonald of receiving
20 gallons of whiskey which had been stolen.
Anne Casie of stealing
John Lamb of carrying away a
girl with intent to marry her.
THE FREEMAN'S JOURNAL
28 March 1801
“The Notorious offender,
well known in this metropolis, and who was of the gang on the north road
will be executed at Dundalk, this day, for the murder of a man some time ago
in that quarter, as he was in pursuit of
and some of his confederates, after their committing some depredations.”
THE FREEMAN'S JOURNAL
14 April 1801
Wednesday 25th March, 1801
This trial came
on before Sir Michael Smyth, Bart. – it was an action of
indebitatus assumsit, for money had and received by the defendant for
plaintiff; the money sought to be recovered was the fees of office received
by the defendant as Clerk of the Peace as Sessions, and the particulars of
the case are as follow:
claimed the office of Clerk of the Peace for the county of Louth, as
appointed by deputation, bearing date the 1st day of December,
1800, under hand and seal of the Earl of Roden, the Custos Rotulorum,
proved in Court by a subscribing witness. Lord Roden was appointed
Custos Rotulorum of said county, by letters patent under the Great Seal,
bearing date the 10th November, 1800, which was produced in
Court. – The defendant was in possession since 1794. A commission of the
Peace of the year 1783 was then produced, by which it appeared that Lord
Roden was at that time Justice of the Peace for said county, by the name
of Robert, Lord Jocelyn. Mr. Joy, Counsel for the defendant,
then objected that it was not proved that Lord Roden took the oaths of
office, or that he qualified according to law, without which, Mr. Joy
insisted, that Lord Roden could not hold the office or appoint a
deputy. This objection the Court over-ruled, but saved the point. – Mr.
Thomas Johnston, Attorney for the Plaintiff, was next produced, who
proved that he and plaintiff went to Ardee Sessions in January last, and
there demanded of the Chairman and Justices to be admitted Clerk of the
Peace under the above appointment, and that they refused. Defendant also, on
application, refused to give up the records. It appeared on his
cross-examination that the late Lord Roden died in 1797; a Commission
of the Peace of the year 1796 was produced to him, by which it appeared that
the present Lord Roden was not then in the Commission. Mr. Joy
then insisted that it must from thence be inferred that Lord Roden
was not a Justice of the Peace, at the time of the grant of said office of
Custos, and therefore incapable of taking or holding the same, and that the
patent, granting the office of Custos Rotulorum to Lord Roden was
void. The Court was of opinion that the objection was fatal, and non-suited
the plaintiff. It seemed admitted on both sides, that the Custos must be
appointed from the Justices, and that not being the case in the present
instance, that the office of Custos Rotulorum for the county is vacant.
Counsel for the
plaintiff, Messrs. McCartney, Ball, Mayne, and
McClelland. – For the defendant, Messrs. Joy, Ruxton,
A. Dawson, and Moore.
persons were tried and found guilty:
of Sheep-stealing, ordered to be executed on Monday the 4th May
Peter McArdle, Edward McArdle, John Morgan, and Hugh
Morgan, of Burglary and Felony, in the dwelling house of Abraham Ball,
at Darver, on the 6th March, instant; the three first ordered to
be executed the 16th April, and the others the 17th.
Wm. Fitzsimons, and James Fitzsimons, of burglary and felony,
in the dwelling-house of Lau. McArdle, at Kilmurry. – McAnalty
ordered to be executed the 20th; and the others the 13th
Thomas Devine, and Michael Smith, for the murder of Pat.
Dougherty, to be executed on the 28th March.
James Conroy, Henry Sorahan, and Mathew Hoey, for the
burglary and felony in the dwelling-house of Pat. Ward, at
Woodenstown, to be executed on the 27th April.
were found guilty of lesser offence, and received sentence accordingly.
THE FREEMAN'S JOURNAL
30 July 1801
persons were tried and found guilty at the above assizes. Held the said
instant, before the Hon. Justice Chamberlain:
for stealing cows, the property of Denis Murray, on 23rd
May last, sentenced to be executed.
for assaulting John Bellew, his father-in-law, ordered to be
imprisoned a month, and fined 40s.
for burglary and felony in the dwelling-house of Michael Carney, at
Stonetown, on the 3rd of May last; ordered to be executed.
for stealing iron harrow-pins, the property of Pat. Clarke, on the 28th
March last. [sic]
persons were tried and acquitted.
In the case of
Edward Smyth, for cow-stealing above mentioned, the Judge informed
the Grand Jury that the had a power of presenting him as an object of mercy,
but they, considering the many depredations of the kind that were lately
committed, refused to intercede for him and declared they never would for
any convicted of such a crime.
THE FREEMAN'S JOURNAL
04 May 1802
Held before the
Hon. Mathias Finucane, on the 23rd of April, the following
persons were tried, and found guilty:
for cow-stealing, recommended by the Grand Jury, and ordered to be
transported for seven years.
for stealing yarn, &c. at Ardee, on the 10th of November last,
the property of Margaret Commons, ordered to be publicly whipped, and
imprisoned a fortnight.
for stealing ticken, &c. the property of Thomas Kelly, at Ardee, on
the 17th of December last, ordered to be privately whipped.
found guilty of three assaults, fined £5 on each – ordered to be imprisoned
James Hogan, Patrick Hegarty, Patrick Young, and
Simon McAleer, found guilty of three assaults. Those persons were
concerned with Pepper in committing the assault, and ordered to be
imprisoned three weeks.
was ordered to be transported for stealing Coating, the property of
Richard Delahoyde, on the 1st of Dec. last.
who was found guilty last Summer Assizes, for obtaining, by means of a false
and counterfeited letter, purporting to be written in the name of Andrew
McDonagh, to Casimer Delahoyde, a quantity of iron, the property
of said Delahoyde – and was ordered to remain in prison till this
Assizes to abide the judgement of the Court, was ordered to be imprisoned
THE FREEMAN'S JOURNAL
23 April 1803
the assizes for the county of Louth commenced at Dundalk; on the following
day. – Walsh was tried and capitally convicted of the murder of
Mr. McConnon, of Ardee, butcher. It was through the activity of Major
Sirr that this unfortunate wretch was apprehended in Dublin and brought
to Justice. He was hanged and quartered at the front of Dundalk gaol on
THE FREEMAN'S JOURNAL
25 August 1804
Saturday. – The only trial of moment which occurred in the Criminal Court
was that of Francis Devlin, who was convicted of the murder of
Stephen McConnon on the 19th of November, 1803, on his way
(as six o’clock in the morning) from Ardee to Carlanstown fair.
It appeared in
evidence that the deceased was shot and robbed by two men, who, after
rifling his pockets, fled. – A countryman, who was travelling to the same
fair, heard the shot fired, and upon coming up saw the deceased lying on the
road. The deceased asked him for the love of God to come over to him, which
the witness did when the deceased asked him if he knew him; the witness
replied in the negative, upon which the deceased said to his name was
McConnon, and that he was murdered and robbed by Frank Devlin,
the stag. The deceased then prayed fervently to God for mercy, and desired
the witness to tell the first person he met of the murder.
appeared, that on the day preceding the murder, the prisoner, and one
White (since hanged for this murder) met in Ardee, where the prisoner
sent a man (who was examined on this trial) to buy powder and shot, and
desired him, if asked, to say it was for another person; upon the ammunition
being bought, the prisoner said – “he would take snuff out of some person
with that on the night; that it was a good night to rob, and that
Shedoge Bridge, on the Carlanstown road, was a good place,” (and it was
where the deceased was found murdered). It further appeared, from the
evidence of the prisoner’s uncle, and cousin, that he and White slept
at the uncle’s house on the night of the murder, and left it at day-light;
and never after returned, having fled the county, from which he absented
himself till he was brought back from Cork, where he enlisted for foreign
service. It appeared also that the prisoner was known I the country as stag
Devlin, on account of his having, on a former occasion, turned
approver against his associates in a burglary.
The Judge (Mr.
Baron George) in passing sentence observed, that the hand of God was
visible in detecting and bringing to light this abominable murder, the dead
having just time to declare his murder to an entire stranger to both; and he
besought the prisoner to make the best use of the few hours that remained to
him to live, as the law commanded that he should be hanged on the day next
but one after conviction, and that his body should be dissected and
anatomized – which sentence was carried into execution on Saturday at three
o’clock, previous to which the prisoner admitted the justice of his
sentence, as well as his participation in various other murders and
THE FREEMAN'S JOURNAL
Commission Court, from the sitting at eleven o’clock until its rising at
eight at night, was occupied in the trial of the trial of a very respectable
Gentleman, Mr. Gerald Byrne, an Attorney, of the County Louth, upon
an indictment preferred against him by Messrs. Godby, Scott,
McEvoy, and Rogers, of Dundalk, for wilful, corrupt, and
malicious perjury. Mr. Barrington stated the case on the part of the
Crown at great length, and produced evidence. Mr. Egan stated the
case on the part of the defendant, and examined witnesses, many of the most
respectable characters of this country, among whom were John Ball, Esq.
Barrister; the Rev. Doctor Bunbury, rector of the Parish near the
traverser’s residence, gave testimony of the most upright, correct, and
unblemished reputation of his general character. The case being closed upon
both sides, it was the wish of traverser’s Counsel to let the matter go to
Jury, but the prosecutor’s persisting in having Counsel to speak to
evidence. Mr. Bushe on the part of traverser, addressed the Jury, to
whom Mr. Curran replied. – Baron George charged the Jury with
precision and pertinent legal observations, who without quitting the box,
delivered a verdict of Not Guilty.
THE FREEMAN'S JOURNAL
27 March 1806
the General Assizes of Drogheda was held at the Tholsel. The Hon. Justice
Day opened the Commission; on the Grand Jury being sworn, his Lordship
addressed them at some length on the ruinous state of the Gaol, and
recommended to their serious attention the erection of a new one, in a more
eligible situation. – There were but two convictions, for shop lifting, and
the parties were sentenced to six months imprisonment. His Lordship tried
The Hon. Baron
presided in the Upper Court. A criminal information was
tried, in which James Martin, Esq., of Balbriggan, was the plaintiff,
and Jordan Roche, Esq., of the same town, defendant. The case was
opened in a most able manner by Constable Dunn. After a considerable
length, in which the Counsel on each side displayed great ability and zeal,
the learned Judge charged the Jury, in a manner that reflected honour on his
head and his heart, and after a short consultation, the Jury brought in a
verdict – Not Guilty.
THE FREEMAN'S JOURNAL
27 August 1806
August the 21st, 1806.
This day the
Assizes for the county of Louth were opened before Right Hon. Judge Fox,
and the Hon. Baron McCleland. Judge Fox presided in the
Criminal Court, and Baron McCleland in the Civil Court.
of the country gentlemen who were summoned as Grand Jurors was so bad, that
only twenty-one were sworn upon the Grand Jury.
stood indicted for assaulting and committing a rape upon the
body of Judith Collins. When she appeared upon the table to
prosecute, she deposed that she knew the prisoner very well, and being asked
if he was any relation of her’s, she answered he was her husband. –
Margaret Divine, for stealing one cow, of the value of £5, the
property of Christophilus Garston, Esq. It appeared on the course of
the trial that the cow was the property of the prisoners – that she had been
grazing, and was taken away by the prisoners – that Mr. Garston owed
and old man (his herd) four shillings, which he refused to pay till the herd
made good the cow, and the herd prosecuted the prisoners for that purpose. –
The learned Judge called for Mr. Garston, and having investigated the
transaction, said he would lay a statement of the case before Government. –
stood indicted for a burglary on the 12th of
February last, and forcibly and feloniously carrying off, assaulting, and
committing on the body of Mary Conlan. – Acquitted for want of
Owen Finnigan stood indicted for stealing three barrels of barley,
and were acquitted; one of the prisoners was a child of 11 years old; and
Mr. Justice Fox reprobated the manner in which these examinations had
been so unfoundedly preferred.
was indicted for a riot at Dundalk in March last, and for
assaulting Catherine Johnston.
It appeared the
prosecutrix, after giving evidence at the last assizes of Dundalk against
Owen Hanratty for committing a rape upon her (of which he was
acquitted), when retiring from the Court-house, was assailed by a riotous
mob, one of whom she positively swore was the prisoner; he was found guilty,
and sentenced to be imprisoned three months.
Catherine Johnston commenced a civil action against said Owen
Hanratty, for a compensation in damages, laid at £500 and was tried at
the present assizes before the Hon. Baron McCleland, when the Jury
returned a verdict of 50s. damages.
stood indicted for wilful and corrupt perjury, touching two
Grand Jury presentments, one for £12 and the other for £24 16s. for widening
roads on Co. Louth, and was acquitted.
indicted for an assault and committing a rape upon the body of Rose
Magrane, acquitted for want of prosecution.
for an assault with an intent to commit a rape upon the body of Mary
Downy, which he would have done but for a gentleman who came to her
assistance. – Not Guilty.
for altering a forged and counterfeit bank note, purporting to be of the
bank of Sir Thomas Lighton and Co. for five guineas – there was no
person to prove the forgery, and he was acquitted.
Michael Connor, and Patrick Connor, for assaulting, forcibly
carrying away, and detaining for several hours on the 27th of
April last, Sarah McArdel with intent to marry her. – Not Guilty.
Friday, Aug. 22
and Christopher Nulty capitally indicted for the wilful murder of
Peter Boden on the 20th of April. – Acquitted.
stood capitally indicted, for having uttered and put off, as knowing it to
be base and counterfeit, one guinea note, purporting to be a genuine note of
the Governor and Company of the Bank of Ireland, in the month of July last,
at Dundalk, with intent to defraud James Chapman; and also stood
capitally indicted for offering as genuine, knowing it to be base and
counterfeit, a one pound note purporting to be of the Governor and Company
of the Bank of Ireland; she was found Guilty upon both indictments, and the
Learned Judge in a most tender and pathetic manner, pronounced the awful
sentence of the law for death and execution upon the unhappy young woman.
THE FREEMAN'S JOURNAL
10 APRIL 1807
Honourable John Foster,
Thomas Henry Foster,
Esq. High Sheriff
stood indicted for assaulting James Magee and Philip Corgan,
and for shooting and wounding said James Magee, with intent to murder
and James Corgan were severally examined, and proved, that they were
accompanying said James Magee on the road leading from Dundalk to
CastleBellingham, on 13th December last, that they overtook the prisoner,
who is a soldier in the Downshire militia; he was armed, having a musket on
his shoulder and a bayonet at his side; that he asked Magee to shake hands
with him; upon which the prisoner brought down his musket to the present[?]
and put down his hand to the lock, whereupon said musket was discharged, and
the contents were lodged in the thigh of Magee, who instantly fell. –
Philip Corgan proved, that the prisoner, immediately on firing the
shot, dropped his musket, and was making his escape, but witness caught hold
of him, and the prisoner then struggled with him, drew his bayonet, and
endeavoured to stab him. Witness’s brother, James Corgan, came to his
assistance, and wrestled the bayonet from prisoner, they detained him until
they gave him into charge of some yeomen at Lurgan-green, and James Magee
was carried to a house in Lurgan-green, where he has lain over since; that
he is yet unable to leave his bed, and could not with safety to his life be
brought into Court this day to give evidence.
The Counsel for
the prosecution tendered other evidence to the same effect, as also the
surgeon who had attended Magee, and extracted the ball, which had
entered his thigh; but the Court seemed to think the evidence so offered
unnecessary, as the fact of Magee having being wounded by prisoner,
was sufficiently clearly proved; But he Court expressed its opinion that the
circumstance could not be attributed to malice in the prisoner, but must be
considered to be the effect of accident, it having appeared, on the
cross-examination of the witnesses, that the prisoner and Magee had
not had any acquaintance with each other previous to said 13th
December, and that on the occasion of their so meeting that day, they had
not any quarrel by word or deed.
The Jury, in
concurrence with the sentiments of the Court thus expressed, returned a
verdict of acquittal, as to the indictment for shooting at Magee with
intent to kill, but found the prisoner guilty of the several assaults upon
Magee and Philip Corgan.
was indicted for that he, being a layman, and pretending to be a clergyman
of the Established Church, celebrated a marriage between James Ward,
a papist, and Margaret Ball, a protestant; with a second count, for
taking upon him to celebrate a marriage between said persons. The indictment
also contained two other counts, same as the two first, save that in these
it was laid, that the prisoner, being a layman, pretending to be a popish
priest, celebrated said marriage. Margaret Ball, the prosecutrix, not
attending, the prisoner was of course acquitted, and the recognizance of
Margaret Ball, was estreated.
There were a
few other cases of a minor kind, being merely assaults and petty larcenies.
COURT OF KING’S
BENCH, - JUNE 9
This case was
tried at the last Assizes of Dundalk, before the Hon. Judge Fox. It
was to try the right to the office of Clerk of the Peace for the Co.
Louth. It appeared that the Defendant exercised the office since the
year 1791, that the Plaintiff claimed by appointment from the Earl of
Roden, as custos; a verdict of 5s was had for the Plaintiff, subject to
certain points saved by the learned Judge. These points have been at an
argument fort he two last terms in the Court of King’s Bench. The Court this
day gave judgment for the Defendant, and were pleased to say that the
Plaintiff ought not to have his action, but be non-suited: and the Plaintiff
was non-suited with costs.
Counsel for the
Plaintiff – Messrs. Holmes, and Blacker – Agent, Thos
Counsel for the
Defendant – Messrs. Scriven, Joy, Ruxton, and E.
Pennefather, - Agent, John Bourne, in person.
THE FREEMAN'S JOURNAL
se’nnight, Andrew Hogg, tailor, of Julianstown, co. Meath, was
murdered on the Dublin road, near the old turnpike gate in the county of the
town of Drogheda. Monday morning an inquest was held on the body, and after
a number of witnesses were examined, the Jury found, “That the deceased,
Andrew Hogg came by his death in consequence of a violent blow of a
heavy weapon on the head, near the right ear, which he received from John
Farrell, of Drogheda, butcher.” Farrell has absconded – a reward
of twenty guineas is offered for his apprehension.”
THE FREEMAN'S JOURNAL
evening last, between 7 and 8 o’clock, the Rev. Wm. Coddington was
stopped by three footpads on the North road, very near Drogheda, and robbed
of his watch and money. The villains carried away the trunk, which was on
the jaunting car, and ordered him to proceed to town – There are several
idle vagabonds now lurking about the suburbs of the town.”
THE FREEMAN'S JOURNAL
16 MARCH 1809
commenced on Thursday before Mr. Justice Osborne, in the Crown Court
and Mr. Justice Daly in the Civil.
of any one took place at this Assizes.
were fines £50 each for unlicensed still found therein – James Fleming
was convicted of using an unlicensed still – to be imprisoned two months and
pay a fine of £50.
[THE FREEMAN'S JOURNAL
16 MARCH 1809
Circuit commenced o Wednesday last the 8th inst. at Drogheda.
Mr. Justice Daly presided in the Crown Court. There was no civil
business; and the Crown cases being heavier than usual, Mr. Justice
are the principal cases that that occurred.
was convicted of a highway robbery on Thomas Coyle, at Killineir, -
To be hanged on 1st April.
indicted for burglary and felony, was acquitted of the burglary, but
convicted of the felony to the amount of 2s 6d. – To be transported for 7
private in the Wicklow Militia, was indicted for the murder of James
Johnston. It appeared by the evidence, that Meehan was stationed
as centinel [sic] on the quay – Johnston had there a scuffle with
some of the men of Meehan’s regiment; in the course of which he
stripped off his clothes to fight, and gave his watch to a woman names
Ann Henry. That after knocking off one of their caps, he went with it to
the centinel (the prisoner), and complained of the abuse he had received –
the centinel ordered him to be gone, he then turned on the centinel, who
knocked him down with his firelock – He rose, and renewed the assault, upon
which the centinel knocked him a second time down, which blow is supposed to
have killed him, after lying motionless for about ten minutes, the centinel
dragged him to the river and threw him in. – It also appeared that he
prisoned and Ann Henry sold the deceased’s watch; and a confession of
the prisoner acknowledging the murder was proved by one Mary Lynch. –
Evidence was adduced of Johnston’s intoxication. Major Howard
and others of the Wicklow Militia gave the prisoner a good character. After
a very luminous charge from the learned Judge, the prisoner was acquitted.
was indicted for uttering a forged indorsement [sic] of a promisary [sic]
note of Beresford’s bank. The witness not being able to identify the note
prisoner was acquitted.
indicted for uttering a forged promissory note of Beresford’s bank, was
several other cases of minor note. – Two fines of £50 each were imposed on
the parish of St. Peter. For unlicensed stills found there.
[THE FREEMAN'S JOURNAL
18 JULY 1809
the Drogheda assizes were held. At half-past nine o’clock the Hon. Mr.
Justice Fox went into the Court, and His Majesty’s Commission being
read, the Grand Jury were sworn, the Right Hon. Col. Foster, M.P.
Foreman. There were only three Bills, one of which was for an illicit still
– Only one criminal conviction took place.
One Record was
entered – The Executors of Kelly against Duffy. It was
principally a matter of account, and referred to three of the Jury, who
found for the plaintiff, after deducting several items form the original
demand. - A Town-land in the parish of Ballymakenny was fined £50 for a
private still. – At two o’clock the learned Judge left town.
[THE FREEMAN'S JOURNAL
18 JULY 1809
On Friday last
the assizes of Dundalk commenced. The Hon Baron McClelland presided
in the Crown Court.
THE FREEMAN'S JOURNAL
19 JULY 1809
ASSIZES, July 14
Baron McClelland opened the Court, in an eloquent address to the Grand
proceeded to trial of information on stills, when the townlands of
Priorstown, Bellinfull, and Donnelly’s-town, were fines £50 each.
for robbing the mail on the 19th December, at Coolfore,
containing letters from Collon to Dublin – Acquitted.
found guilty of an assault in Sarah Duffy, to be imprisoned two
months, and to give security. This put off at the last assizes, the
prosecutor being unable from the abuse she got, from attending.
for an assault on James Duffy, son of the said Sarah, fined 6d.
and Mary Cunningham, for stealing calico and cotton goods of Mr.
Delahoyd and Co. – Hoey ordered to give security – Acquitted.
for an assault on William Lee, Esq. Surgeon – Guilty: ordered to be
imprisoned one month, and to give security. The prisoner in this case, was a
patient in the infirmary, and thinking that Mr. Lee should have taken
her advice as to prescription, and finding him on the head of the
stair-case, threw him down the stairs.
for stealing a purse and 10s. 10d. from Mary Googerty – Guilty.
Pleaded Stat. and ordered to be burned in the hand, and imprisoned for four
and Hugh Beers, for feloniously taking out of the house of Pat.
McGorish two pistols value £1. Goods of Pat. McEver, value 4s.
6d. having pleaded Statute – Curren ordered to be transported for 7
years, and Beers to be imprisoned 6 months.
for cow-stealing – Acquitted: ordered to give security.
guilty of assaulting Peter Clarke, fined 6d. and discharged.
acquitted of a rape on the body of Mary Crinion.
for stealing calico shawls, £2 value – Guilty. Pleaded Statute, and was
ordered to be burned in the hand, and imprisoned 3 months.
and John Rogers, acquitted of do.
for stealing calico, the property of John Delahoyd, acquitted, and to
for burglariously entering the dwelling-house of Mary Clurky, with
intent to murder Pat. Clurky, and also with intent to murder said
Mary, acquitted; but found guilty of an assault on Bridget Clurky
– ordered to be imprisoned 6 months, and to give security; also found guilty
of an assault on said Pat. Clurky – ordered to pay fine of 6d. also
assault of Mary Clurky, fined 6d.
guilty of making use of a still without license, and of distilling spirits.
Ordered to be imprisoned two months.
and eight others, were acquitted of a riot at Tullykeel.
In the Civil
Court (among other Records of little moment) was tried that of Lord
Clermont against Sharp, when the verdict was given for the
defendant, with costs, subject to a further discussion on a point of law,
THE FREEMAN'S JOURNAL
12 AUGUST 1809
On Friday last,
Patrick Jordan and Thomas Brady were executed at Worcester,
pursuant to their sentence at the last assizes for that county. They
suffered for having robbed and ill-treated Mr. Charles Bayley, on the
highway between Broomsgrave, Lickey and Notbotheld turnpike. These
unfortunate men were natives of Ireland, and were attended, after
condemnation, till the time of their execution, by a Roman Catholic Priest.
made the following confession.- He was 21 years of age, a weaver by trade,
and born in the town of Louth, county of Louth, Ireland; had been in the
army four years and a half, and deserted from various regiments. The
following are the robberies which he acknowledges to have committed:- In
London, in company with one Brogan, where he first became acquainted
with him, he stole two watches from their lodgings, then went to Bristol,
and enlisted in a regiment there – afterwards went to Bury St. Edmonds, and
became acquainted with two other associates; they bought pistols and
ammunition, in order that they might go on the highway, which they did, and
stopped two footmen, from whom they took £18 in notes. They did nothing more
until they arrived at Warwick, soon after which they robbed a man on the
Stratford road, of his watch, hat, and some copper and silver money – a week
after the latter robbery, they went on the Birmingham road, and stopped two
horsemen, but one of them having a spirited horse escaped, when Brogan
shot at him; they then pulled the other off his horse, and robbed him of two
guineas, which was all he had; a reward of 300 guineas was offered next day
for the apprehension of the person who actually fired the shot. They next
stole a sheep, after which three of the gang deserted, and attempted to rob
a man near Wolverhampton, but he escaped, although Brogan, against
the consent of his associates, fired at him. The next night they robbed a
banker’s clerk of Wolverhampton, of 318, and a silver watch. The last
robbery they committed was that for which they now suffered.”
THE FREEMAN'S JOURNAL
12 MARCH 1810
The assizes of
the North east Circuit, commenced on Thursday the 8th inst. at
Drogheda, before the Hon. Luke Fox, in the Crown Court, and the
Honourable James McClelland, Esq. in the Civil.
trials of prisoners and traversers were immediately proceeded on, being more
numerous that generally occurs in the town.
indicted for horse stealing; not guilty.
indicted for stealing 112lbs. of hogs lard from a vessel on the quay of
Drogheda; not guilty.
for stealing 20lbs. of cotton yarn; not guilty
indicted for receiving one volume of McNally’s Justice of the Peace, which
had been stolen from Henry Pentlande Esq., Mayor of Drogheda, he
knowing it to have been stolen. The evidence was, that the book alluded to,
was found in his shop; but it appearing that it was constantly exposed in
his shop with other books for sale , and no endeavour on his part to conceal
it, corroborated by an excellent character given him by Dr. Lindsay;
alias Jane Armstrong, for stealing six yards of calico, the property
of Wm. Kegans; acquitted, the prosecutor not attending, and his
indicted for having in his possession, with intent to utter the same, one
piece of paper, with a counterfeit device and impression made thereon, to
resemble the device kept at the head office of the Commissioner of Stamp
Duties in Dublin, for charging on paper a duty of nine pence ; with a second
indictment for having forged notes in his possession; not guilty – but from
several unfavourable circumstances appearing against him on the trial, he
was ordered to give security before the Mayor of Drogheda.
indicted for receiving a letter, containing half a Promissory Note, which
had been embezzled: a second indictment for embezzling the said letter and
half note from the Post Office of Drogheda; not guilty.
alias Cahill, for passing forged notes of the Bank of Ireland; not
for passing base two and sixpenny token, not guilty.
THE FREEMAN'S JOURNAL
14 MARCH 1810
– March 9
This day the
assizes for the County of Louth commenced before Hon. Justice Baron
McClelland in the Crown Court, and the Hon. Luke Fox in the
Civil. – The following trials were immediately proceeded on:
found guilty of stealing turkeys.
indicted for stealing two pigs, the property of James Brady: not
indicted for a burglary and robbery in the house of John Bashford,
This trial was put off on the prisoner’s affidavit, and he ordered to remain
to next assizes.
found guilty of private distilling, imprisoned two months.
for stealing £5 from Wm. Ferguson, not guilty.
for assaulting Ann McGuire, with intent to commit a rape on her, and
also for robbing her on the highway of a handkerchief: not guilty on both.
for stealing several Bank notes from one Ter. McShane, and for
assaulting said McShane: not guilty.
for horse stealing: acquitted
a road-maker, convicted of perjury in an account by him delivered to the
Grand Jury, setting forth the particulars of the expenditure of a sum
presented for repairing a road of which he was an Overseer; to be three
times pillored, and imprisoned a year.
The business of
the County very trifling.
against H. McKeever. – In the Drogheda abstract sent it was state,
that McKeever was tried in three indictments and acquitted. There was
however another indictment against him, for having a forged Bank of Ireland
note in his possession, upon which he was convicted, and sentenced to 14
years transportation, under the act of last session, by which it is enacted,
“that any person having a forged note in his possession, without lawful
excuse for the same, and proof thereof shall be upon the party accused,
shall on conviction be sentenced to transportation for 14 years”
THE FREEMAN'S JOURNAL
10 AUGUST 1810
ASSIZES, August 6, 1810
The assizes for
the county of the town began this day, which was the commencement of the
North East Circuit. Mr. Justice Fox presided in the Crown Court,
Mr. Baron McClelland in the Civil.
are the trials of prisoners and traversers which occurred.
for the murder of John Corbolly, by shooting him, guilty of
manslaughter, to be imprisoned six months.
convicted of perjury, to be imprisoned three months.
Callaghan convicted of stealing yarn, to be imprisoned six months
from 24th March last.
charged with picking the pocket of Lieut. Squair, on the 30th
of May last, not guilty.
charged with horse stealing, not guilty.
for robbing Henry Carroll, acquitted for want of prosecution.
But one record
in the Civil Court.
THE FREEMAN'S JOURNAL
27 OCTOBER 1810
BUTTER – The
Chief Magistrate of Dundalk has detected a man of the name of John Doyle
(who with his son, Peter Doyle, says he came from Dublin), in the act
of making up a preparation, like butter, in the following manner: he boiled
runnet [sic] to a curd, and melted a quantity of good butter over it – put
it into bowls, and let it lie in water for a night, after which it looked
remarkable well. On cutting it a quantity of water appeared in it, and on
washing and newly dressing it 7lb. sold, turned out, but one pound and a
half. A quantity of arranetra and some saffron were also found prepared for
colouring it. They are both safely lodged in Dundalk gaol, to abide their
trials next Assizes. No less a quantity than eleven parcels were found
generally made into bowls of about 7lbs.
17 March 1815
evening about four o’clock, the Hon. Justice Daly arrived in town.
Justice Mayne arrived in town this morning; his lordship presided in the
trials took place this day –
for having forged stamps in his possession, with an intent to issue them and
thereby defraud the Revenue – Not Guilty. John Taafe for stealing
sugar the property of John McCan (sic), acquitted. The indictment by
mistake, stated the sugar to be the property of McCann, instead of
Coleman. James Coleman and Martin Moore for a conspiracy
to rescue John McKenna, a prisoner in Drogheda jail – Not Guilty. But
ordered to give bail for their good behaviour. – Michael Smith alias
Rice, indicted for uttering several bank notes knowing them to be
forged, Guilty – Death.
and Ann Dowdall, indicted for an assault on Mr. Benjamin Smith,
and rescuing A. Thompson, William Roberts, and John Wilson,
three soldiers of the 98th regiment – indicted for the murder of
Thomas Bird – Not Guilty. Michael Gilligan, indicted for
stealing butter, the property of Michael Bird, Esq. – Not Guilty.
Joseph Martin indicted for stealing a pig, the property of Michael
Mathews – Not Guilty.
15. – The Sheriffs have received a warrant for the execution of Michael
Smith, alias Rice, convicted on Saturday last, for passing forged
notes, knowing them to be such. Judge Daly, in passing sentence on
the unfortunate culprit, stated, that if any favourable, or even doubtful
circumstance had appeared in his favour, on the trial, he would have
recommended him to mercy; but on the contrary, it turned out, that he was an
old offender – that he had been arraigned at the bar, where he then stood,
for an offence of the same nature, four years ago, and acquitted for want of
prosecution; that his life had been one scene of inquiry. The wretched man
made no declaration whatever, but begged a long stay. The execution is fixed
for Saturday, the 8th of April.
Callan, two of the villains who robbed Mornington House, and abused
Mr. Brabazon, have been found guilty at the Assizes of Trim. It is
rumoured, they are to be executed at Blackbush, but we have no certainty of
the truth of the report.
Index to the County
Louth assizes 1775-1810
30 January 2013 | <urn:uuid:ee65fab7-3928-4e40-a052-eef522c35b4d> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.jbhall.freeservers.com/louth_assizes_1793-99.htm/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721555.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00178-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96148 | 24,627 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Forming an LLC in Maine – Everything You Want to Understand
Now, you need to speak with your accountant for the kind of corporation you should set up. This changes from state to state, and which means you will desire to make sure that you get all the reality before establishing your business. Your accountant can tell you which options are best for your type of company, and help you choose which one is best for the individual circumstance. Sometimes, he or she could even have the ability to put up it being a S-corp foryou.
Forming an LLC at Maine is similar to any other state, or other nations, where an owner would like to establish a Limited Liability business. An LLC can be really a sort of company that can be run or operated by the owners as their sole proprietors. The name LLC is taken from the legislation that were put into place by the IRS. Other titles which are normally used are a venture or business.
All you need to do is follow the simple principles which can be given to you. You do not want to be held responsible for any mistakes or omissions. For those who have any questions, you can contact work or consult with the internet for answers to your questions.
Forming an LLC in Maine involves first picking the name of the Provider. Next, pick the kind of business you wish to set up. Each has its own set of advantages and pitfalls.
Whenever you incorporate your company, you need to file all of your paper work with the appropriate county clerk’s office in your condition. If you do not have an existing address, the clerk’s office may direct you towards where you can find an address. You will have to pay for the fees that are associated with getting a speech, so you might like to establish the incorporation paperwork as soon as you set up your own company. Do wait before you find yourself in a sticky situation before putting what together.
After hiring an attorney, you’ll have to set up your company’s registered broker. This individual is likely to be responsible for receiving anything or goods in your organization and keeping it in a trust. Anyone also will soon be responsible for keeping everything in the right order, making sure everything is paid in full and nobody takes advantage of anybody else. Possessing an LLC in Maine will require you set this up person on paper. Request the attorney you hired to get suggestions for how best to accomplish this.
Next, you will have to enroll your company. You are going to desire to learn which type of registered office you will need to possess from the nation you are carrying out business in. Depending on whether you install an S-corp, you might need to experience another process than those who form an LLC. Nevertheless, once you’ve enrolled your organization, you can use it through the entire state. You can always change your speech or your company’s speech once you proceed around town, in the event you ever want to.
The perfect way to select which firm structure would work best for you is to talk to an attorney experienced in such things. Check with your local Bar Association to get a list of lawyers in your area. Many bar associations have legal forms designed for you to make utilize of. If they don’t need things you require, then simply Google the name to find several reputable attorneys. | <urn:uuid:e32d47f3-295e-42ab-b8d3-6e970956e183> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://otws.co.uk/forming-an-llc-in-maine-everything-you-want-to-understand/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00277.warc.gz | en | 0.970624 | 684 | 1.53125 | 2 |
Highly acclaimed in its first three editions, McWhinney's Textbook of Family Medicine is one of the seminal texts in the field. While many family medicine texts simply cover the disorders a practitioner might see in clinical practice, McWhinney's defines the principles and practices of familymedicine as a separate and distinct field of practice. The fourth edition presents six new clinical chapters of common problems in family medicine: respiratory illness, musculoskeletal pain, depression, diabetes, obesity and multimorbidity. This new edition also provides information on stewardship of resources, patient information and data, delivery of care in the home, and consultation and referral. The volume also covers continuing advances in the research base of family medicine. Readers will come away with a deeper appreciation forthe role of the generalist in healthcare. | <urn:uuid:36748fd4-1ed5-4c95-8042-dc11a20ffe28> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/mcwhinneys-textbook-of-family-medicine/9780199370689-item.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279933.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00120-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.921946 | 167 | 2.09375 | 2 |
Dr Matthew McFall is an education consultant and practitioner with an interest in puzzles, games, mazes, labyrinths and escape rooms.
His work focuses on the uses of wonderment for learning and engagement within both formal and non-formal educational environments. His second doctorate explores the heritage of wonder and considers how ' and why ' it remains relevant to pupils, families and communities. Matthew believes that at the heart of valuable learning is curiosity and positivity, which leads to a lifelong love of finding out more about the universe.
He has championed the venerable tradition of the Cabinet of Curiosities as a boon for schools, helping to establish dedicated wonder spaces both in mainstream schools and in specialist settings for pupils with learning difficulties. He also collaborates with museums to help create spaces that are stimulating, nurturing and surprising.
His book The Little Book of Awe and Wonder: A cabinet of curiosities is a portable cornucopia of the weird and the wonderful, celebrating the joys of discovery, exploration and sharing. Between the covers is an entire world of brilliant strangeness: riddles and illusions; jokes and wisdoms; wasp eyes and kidney crystals. Open the book at random and be transported, delighted and enlightened. | <urn:uuid:97d876dc-f46d-4fec-be16-24a54d2d6db1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.crownhouse.co.uk/matthew-mcfall | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572581.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816211628-20220817001628-00077.warc.gz | en | 0.940663 | 250 | 2 | 2 |
The 'Social Multimedia' infographic shows how entertainment in the form of smart TVs, tablets and smartphones have the potential to greater interact with social media. By connecting TVs to Twitter and Facebook, one can share what they are watching, see what friends are up to and stream instantly from personal collections of TV or movies.
With tablets, the graph envisions being able to have everyone get in on the fun. When you're watching or doing something, much like Google+ hangout, you can invite others to join. For smartphones, the upgrades imagined here include renting media, being able to see exactly who and what is going on around you. The graph ultimately imagines the future of social multimedia, and gives readers a little something to look forward to.
Smart Media Technology Graphs
More Stats +/-
Complete Camera Smartphone Concepts
Wearable Pop Culture Portraiture
Reflective Camera Products
Scholar Tendency Graphs
Suspended Glass Drop Installations | <urn:uuid:7843377c-36c5-4365-ac9b-41afc0381444> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.trendhunter.com/trends/social-multimedia | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280891.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00153-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.926821 | 196 | 1.796875 | 2 |
By Neal Lineback and Mandy Lineback Gritzner, Geography in the NewsTM and Maps.com
A little more than 100 years ago, Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen reached the South Pole. While the feat was an amazing story in itself, the races that preceded it to reach the southernmost point on the Earth are even more fascinating—and heartbreaking.
The storied races to the South Pole are highlighted again as the currently ongoing Shackleton Epic blog documents a re-creation of Ernest Shackleton’s epic exploits to complete a ‘double’ voyage from Elephant Island to South Georgia and dangerous crossing of its mountainous interior to save the members of his expedition. But Shackleton was but one of many expedition leaders who attempted to be the first to reach the South Pole. Tragedy was but one footstep away for all of them and those who survived counted themselves lucky.
The geographic coordinates of the South Pole are expressed in latitude as 90 degrees south latitude. The point has no longitude because it lies where the Earth’s lines of longitude converge. Of course, the location of the South Pole is unidentifiable from the surface without the assistance of navigational aids, such as a sextant.
The South Pole is located near the center of the continent of Antarctica on a windswept, ice plateau. The point is about 800 miles (1,300 km) from the nearest ocean access at the Bay of Whales in the Ross Sea.
Early in the 20th century, many countries including Germany, Britain, Japan, Sweden, Norway, France and Belgium mounted expeditions to the still unexplored South Pole. While the explorers were looking for discovery, they also were performing important research and hoping to claim territory for their countries.
Captain Robert Falcon Scott led the first British expedition attempting to reach the Pole. The expedition planned to undertake significant scientific research. Along with Ernest Shackleton and Dr. Edward Wilson, Scott came within 440 miles (660 km) of the Pole in 1904.
Ernest Shackleton mounted his own expedition and came within 100 miles (160 km) of the Pole in 1909. According to the BBC (March 3, 2011), “…to push on to the Pole would have meant certain death and the four men [in Shackleton’s party] were lucky to return alive.”
Learning that Shackleton’s expedition was unsuccessful, Scott became determined to be the first to reach the South Pole. His plans received substantial world media attention. Little did he know, however, that Norwegian Roald Amundsen, was simultaneously planning his own expedition, keeping most of the details secret.
Scott’s party arrived at Antarctica in their ship, Terra Nova, in January 1911. At a stopover in Australia, he received a telegram from Amundsen that said the Norwegian also was headed to Antarctica on his ship, the Fram. Otherwise, Scott knew nothing of Amundsen’s ambitions.
Scott set up his camp on Ross Island in McMurdo Sound, while Amundsen chose a camp on the ice itself further along the Ross Ice Shelf at the Bay of Whales. This put the two camps about 400 miles (640 km) apart and Amundsen 60 miles (97 km) closer to the South Pole. Each team spent the first few months making extensive preparations and laying supply depots southward toward the Pole.
Unfortunately, Scott’s team suffered technical problems with their motorized sledges (early snowmobiles). They were unable to position their largest depot, the “One Ton,” as close to the Pole as their leader intended.
Amundsen, on the other hand, brought expertly trained dog teams that allowed him to lay his supply depots closer to the Pole than Scott had. Along with more than 50 dogs and four other men, including a champion skier and two expert dog handlers, Amundsen left for the South Pole on October 2, 1911.
Scott, along with support parties, dogs, motorized sledges and ponies, left his base on November 1, 1911. The cold quickly left the motor sledges inoperable and the ponies suffering terribly.
In his final push to the Pole, Scott had decided to have his men pull their own sleds the last 150 miles (240 km). He also felt the effort would be nobler without the use of dogs. Furthermore, at the last moment, Scott added a fifth man to his final party, complicating the management of rations and fuel.
Meanwhile, with its dogsled teams, Amundsen’s party was much faster. Using an untried new but shorter route, Amundsen was able to reach the South Pole on December 15, 1911. His party planted a Norwegian flag at the Pole and began their northward return to their base camp. Scott reached the Pole on January 17, 1912, only to find Amundsen’s flag already in place. This was a heartbreaking discovery for the British team. Amundsen had also left a tent with surplus supplies, but it was not enough to save Scott’s team.
With temperatures at -30 degrees C (-22 degrees F) and high winds, Scott’s team suffered from starvation, dehydration, hypothermia and most likely scurvy. The five men perished in their attempt to return to their base camp, three of them in their tent engulfed in a blizzard. Sadly, the “One Ton Depot” was only 11 miles (18 km) away. The race for the South Pole had ended.
Despite valiant efforts by Robert Falcon Scott and his team, disappointment and tragedy were prices paid 100 years ago by five bold explorers who gave their lives.
And that is Geography in the NewsTM.
Co-authors are Neal Lineback, Appalachian State University Professor Emeritus of Geography, and Geographer Mandy Lineback Gritzner. University News Director Jane Nicholson serves as technical editor.
Sources: GITN 1131 The Race to the South Pole, Feb. 3, 2012; http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/britain_wwone/race_pole_01.shtml; http://news.discovery.com/adventure/south-pole-race-100ya-scott-amundsen-at-same-latitude-111231.html; and http://geography.about.com/od/antarcticamaps/a/south-pole.html
Nearly 900 of the 1200, full-length weekly Geography in the News articles are available in the K-12 online education resource Maps101, including maps and other supporting materials and critical thinking questions. | <urn:uuid:d0146ffb-b0d0-46c5-a62c-b81930ba232c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://voices.nationalgeographic.com/2013/01/22/geography-in-the-news-the-races-to-the-pole/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280310.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00184-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964543 | 1,393 | 4.09375 | 4 |
Fishing Safety: Much Work to be Done
The winter season is nearly upon us.
While some fishermen are hauling up their boats, storing gear and evaluating the season that was, many harvesters are just getting started.
In just a few weeks, more than 1,600 harvesters in lobster fishing areas (LFAs) 33-34 will be hitting the water to prosecute one of the largest and most lucrative lobster fisheries on the planet. The countdown to dumping day 2018 is on.
The planning and preparation for this multi-million-dollar fishery is ...
2017: Twists, Turns and a Little Turmoil
The year 2017 will soon be added to the annals of history.
For the fishery, wouldn’t it be good to look back at the developments of the last 12 months, rub your hands together in a satisfied fashion and state that it was a good year — an unqualified success, so to speak.
But as everyone already knows, the fishing industry in Atlantic Canada is unfortunately never that simple to summarize in a few words. It is an extremely challenging and complex business with as many highs and lows as ...
Is the Whole Greater Than the Sum of its Parts?
“There is no better than adversity. Every defeat, every heartbreak, every loss, contains its own seed, its own lesson on how to improve your performance the next time.”
U.S. human rights activist Malcolm X was surely not referring to the fishery when he said these famous words, but they certainly could apply to the peaks and valleys of this turbulent industry.
Of all the adjectives used to describe the fishing industry over the last 50 years or so, turbulence might be one of the best. ...
The Navigator Magazine: Chronicling Atlantic Canada’s Fishing Industry
As you might have noticed from the cover of this magazine, The Navigator is celebrating 20 years of being the authoritative source of trusted, accurate and reliable information on the fishing and marine industries in Atlantic Canada.
Being such an important source of information, not to mention a chronology (See feature on page 54) of the fishing industry, is something The Navigator takes very seriously. Over the last two decades, this magazine has established itself as the go-to read for ...
Positive Outlook on the Horizon
All Atlantic Canadians are familiar with the ages-old, weather proverb in like a lamb, out like a lion.
This saying of course, refers to climatic predictions for the month of March. But many are wondering if the same adage might apply to the date of September 21, 2017.
That particular day on the calendar marks the much-awaited (that’s probably an understatement) Canada-European Union Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) provisionally coming into effect — meaning after ...
Is it OK to Eat the Small Ones?
There is an art to writing a good headline.
A properly written magazine, newspaper or web story headline has several purposes: it should convey to the reader an idea of what an article is about, while at the same time being provocative enough to suck the reader in to want to know more to satisfy their curiosity.
Of all the publications and websites out there, one probably would not put the NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) on the list of compelling headline writers. ...
Uncertainty Surfaces Surrounding Future Lobster Stocks
Record-setting lobster landings have been the catalyst of late driving the fishery in the northeastern Atlantic.
Catches on both sides of the border have sustained an almost uninterrupted surge in abundance for more than a decade. By 2015, U.S. and Canadian harvests had nearly doubled — adding up to a combined volume of 157,000 metric tonnes (346 million pounds) with a value of (U.S.) $1.48 billion.
In eastern Canada, lobster landings have increased from just over 54,000 metric tonnes ...
Will 2017 Produce Another Game Changer?
Most people in Atlantic Canada will not have to read this editorial to realize that this month marks the 25th anniversary of the infamous cod moratorium.
On July 2, 1992, John Crosbie put, what many thought, would be the final nail in the coffin of what was once the largest cod fishery in the world. The feeling at the time was the fishery in Newfoundland and Labrador, as it was known at the time, was over. But despite the initial shock and despair at the time, the fishery was forced to look ...
Bucking the Temperature Trend
The majority of people associated with the fishing industry will agree that climate change and ocean warming is real — oceanagraphic data from the around the world backs up the premise.
Scientists from around the globe have been studying the warming phenomena for some time and have been trying to predict its impact on the many species of fish off our shores.
And while those in the scientific community — even the newly muzzled ones in the United States — are primarily in agreement that ...
Man Overboard: 55 Deaths in 15 years
Just the other day, the winds were gusting in excess of 120 kilometres/hour — but people in this region did not seem to even notice — just going about their daily business like nothing was happening.
Atlantic Canadians, if nothing else, are never phased by a “little wind.” It is just another example of the often harsh realities of living in this neck of the woods. And no other industry is forced to deal with these climatological extremes more than the fishery.
Everyone involved ... | <urn:uuid:1c6d5574-28c4-4005-8713-84bdea7b9abe> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thenavigatormagazine.com/tag/editors-notebook/page/5/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00468.warc.gz | en | 0.955239 | 1,152 | 1.585938 | 2 |
This case study analyses Cambodia’s Trade Sector-Wide Approach (SWAp) from an inclusive growth and poverty reduction perspective. Through a Trade SWAp, the government of Cambodia is seeking to integrate trade policy into a broader development and poverty reduction agenda.
The case study is structured as follows. The introductory section sets the trade, growth and poverty context of Cambodia and briefly outlines the Aid for Trade agenda. Section 2 situates this case study within this agenda and provides background on two key trade sector programmes – the Cambodia Better Factories programme and the Integrated Framework launched in 2001. Section 3 provides a detailed analysis of the key elements of the Trade SWAp. Finally, Section 4 provides a summary of the key conclusions and lessons learned for the implementation of an integrated approach to pro-poor Aid for Trade.
This case study was conducted as a desk review. It is based solely on key informant interviews, available published literature and programme and project documentation.
ODI, UK. 21 pp. | <urn:uuid:d74462cc-7858-4f6d-8f7b-f7a710ba6cd8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.gov.uk/dfid-research-outputs/an-integrated-approach-to-aid-for-trade-cambodia-trade-sector-wide-approach-swap | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00023-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.88197 | 200 | 1.875 | 2 |
Currently, the United States uses more than 3 Terawatts of energy per year. However, only about 12% comes from renewable energy sources. To try and replace at least one third of the energy usage in the US with renewables, researchers will need to find technologies that are cheap, highly efficient and able to be produced on huge scales. Solar energy is the most abundant source of energy on the planet, with enough photons of energy hitting the earth every ten minutes to power the US for one year. However, the current most ubiquitous source of solar cells, silicon, is severely limited by fabrication cost (accounting for 80% of the total cost per panel) due to materials processing. Next generation solar materials using solution processible fabrication techniques, are both cheap and able to be produced on huge scales necessary to have an impact on overall energy production. My work concentrates on a new type of solution processed, hybrid (organic/inorganic) solar cell material called perovskite. I use many types of microscopy to characterize the nanoscale electrical properties of these materials and better understand fundamental scientific questions that can lead to overall improvement in energy conversion efficiency. I mainly use piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) to characterize the local ferroelectric behavior of hybrid perovskite films to better understand its correlation with device performance.
Advisor: David Ginger, Chemistry | <urn:uuid:4330f2a8-b11a-4865-acb3-ebc36d8b87b4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.cei.washington.edu/people/sarah-vorpahl/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00475.warc.gz | en | 0.920499 | 278 | 2.953125 | 3 |
USDA predicting bin-buster harvest
East central Iowa expected to produce highest yields
George C. Ford
Corn and soybean farmers are on track to produce a bin-buster harvest.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture is projecting Iowa farmers will harvest 2.67 billion bushels of corn, surpassing last year’s record production of 2.51 billion bushels. Yields are expected to average 198 bushels per acre, up 2 bushels from the September forecast, and 6 bushels higher than last year.
If realized, the average yield would set a record for a second consecutive year.
Corn production is forecast to be higher in all nine Iowa districts from 2015 and average yields are expected to be higher in seven districts. East central Iowa is anticipated to have the highest average corn yield in the state at 208 bushels per acre.
Soybean production is forecast at 551 million bushels, 2.7 million bushels below last year’s record high of 553.7 million bushels. If realized, it will be second-largest crop on record.
The Oct. 1 average yield forecast is a record high 58 bushels per acre, 1.5 bushels more than the previous record set last year.
The USDA is projecting higher soybean production in five Iowa districts and average yields are expected to be higher in every district from the previous year. East central Iowa is expected to have the highest average soybean yield in the state at 60.5 bushels per acre.
Nationally, corn farmers are projected to harvest 15.05 billion bushels for grain, up from 13.6 billion bushels in 2015. Average yield per acre is forecast at 173.4 bushels per acre, up from 168.4 bushels per acre in 2015.
The nation’s soybean producers are forecast to harvest 4.3 billion bushels, up from 3.9 billion bushels in 2015. Average yield is projected at 51.4 bushels per acre, up from 48 bushels per acre last year.
Don Roose of U.S. Commodities in West Des Moines said the report did not have a positive impact on corn and soybean prices.
“We went into this report with a market that was stuck in a trading range for the last six weeks and we come out of the report still stuck in the same range,” Roose said. “We have a monstrous crop against monstrous demand,
“We’re going to see if the government is right. They took exports of corn and soybeans all up in this report.
“People are afraid that the domestic soybean crush rate is overstated, and that the feed use could be overstated.
“With the issues that we have in the livestock industry, where there is too much production for the demand, we certainly do not need to encourage increased feeding demand.”
Roose said the USDA’s forecast of net farm income falling about 11.5 percent in 2016 is looking very likely, given the large crops expected in the United States and a record harvest predicted in South America.
“We’re looking at a record harvest of 102 million metric tons of soybeans in Brazil and they will start their early harvest in January,” Roose said. “South America had a very short corn crop last year in Brazil. It looks like that crop is going to bounce back about 30 percent.
“The strong exports that we’ve had to China and the rest of the world will run into fierce competition if South America gets a big crop sometime in the middle to late winter.” | <urn:uuid:41761494-e5b0-4b4e-810b-4f6f8bf6bfbc> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.thegazette.com/subject/news/business/agriculture/usda-predicting-bin-buster-harvest-20161013 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279915.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00279-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.947703 | 774 | 1.59375 | 2 |
The Canon imageCLASS MF3111 printer model is an exceptionally useful desktop personal printer for stationary high quality. It also uses an organic photosensitive conductor. And this material serves as photoconductive material. Its copying system also comprises an indirect electrostatic transfer system with a toner projection system for development. This machine can also boast of Canon’s RAPID Fusion System. Simultaneously, the print resolution is approximately 600 x 600 dots per inch (dpi).
Canon imageCLASS MF3111 Driver Downloads for Microsoft Windows 32bit – 64bit and Macintosh Operating System.
Toner Cartridge Details
X25 Toner Cartridge: Yields up to 2,500 pages
Canon imageCLASS MF3111 Printer Driver Supported Windows Operating Systems
|Compatible OS: Windows 10 32-bit, Windows 10 64-bit, Windows 8.1 32-bit, Windows 8.1 64-bit, Windows 8 32-bit, Windows 8 64-bit, Windows 7 32-bit, Windows Vista 32-bit, Windows XP 32 bits|
|MF Drivers for Windows 32 bit.exe||11.09 MB||Download|
|Patch for network scanning and USB scanning for Windows 8 8.1 and 10.exe||7.72 MB||Download|
It has up to 256 levels of tones, while the maximum paper size for copying is letter size. Regardless of the paper size in use, the print margin, the non-image area, is about 5 mm on each edge of the paper. First copy out time is approximately 13.8 seconds for A4 or Letter size paper. It also has features such as direct copy, manual exposure control, and cassette feed, except after power save mode is restored.
Copying can also be performed at a speed of up to 21 copies per minute (CPM) for letter-size paper and direct mode. It also has a main paper cassette that can hold up to 250 sheets of 17-pound average plain paper.
In addition, it has a multipurpose feeder that can take one sheet at a time. Likewise, multiple copy mode can produce between 1 and 99 copies of a single original document.
As for power requirements, the accepted voltage is about 120 volts on average at 60 Hz. Also, power requirements may differ depending on the country where the printer is being used. However, the maximum power consumption is up to 0.7 kilowatts at the best level. In addition to the physical dimensions, the machine has a width of 449 mm and a depth of 520 mm. The height is up to 369 mm, while the net weight is around 26.5 pounds including the cartridge. Download the Canon imageCLASS MF3111 driver at Canon website | <urn:uuid:a04c0770-ca75-4e03-9b29-2e67df0a3cad> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://reviewhp.id/canon-imageclass-mf3111-driver/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00077.warc.gz | en | 0.870358 | 571 | 1.53125 | 2 |
Many people resort to Non Surgical Anti Aging Skin Treatments because they want to appear younger. There are a number of available non-surgical anti-aging treatments available:
Non-surgical anti-aging treatments are non invasive treatments which rejuvenate, reduce fine lines, wrinkles and tighten the skin.
Many people resort to this type of treatments because they want to appear younger. There are a number of available non-surgical anti-aging treatments available:
Microdermabrasion is an exfoliating procedure meant to improve and eliminate fine lines, wrinkles, hyper-pigmentation, stretch marks and acne scars. Through this procedure the dead outer layer of the skin is removed, resulting a smoother, softer and healthier looking skin. It is a quick and safe procedure with virtually no side effects. Microdermabrasion is suitable for those who don't have enough time to undergo treatments which require more time or are sensitive to chemical treatments.
Chemical peels are chemical treatments which remove the outer layer of the skin, revealing a new healthier looking skin. This procedure is used to eliminate uneven skin pigmentation, facial acne scars, wrinkles and fine lines. A chemical solution is applied on the desired facial area to eliminate the skins outer layer.
After the peel a crust may form over the new skin, and after it is removed a new younger looking skin will be revealed. The chemical solutions can contain Alphahydroxy acids, Trichloroacetic acid, or Phenol depending on the patients needs. This is usually a safe procedure but there are however some risks of infections or scarring.
Botox injections are injections with botulinum toxin which are injected into fine lines and wrinkles. The toxin will reduce and eliminate the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. This is a quick and easy procedure that can be performed without any anesthesia.
The results are visible almost immediately for fine lines and after a few days for the more severe wrinkles. This procedure is effective for about 4 months, after which the wrinkles will reveal themselves again, but the procedure can be performed over and over again.
Fat transfer procedure can help eliminate wrinkles for up to three years. You can choose to have collagen or your own fat injected into your wrinkles. The fat will fill the wrinkles therefore resulting a smooth wrinkle free skin. This is a safe procedure because the material injected is all natural.
Laser skin resurfacing is a cosmetic treatment meant to improve and eliminate fine lines, wrinkles, acne scars, blemishes and sun damaged skin. The laser removes the top layer of the skin which allows the skin to regenerate, making the face look softer and more youthful. The procedure is performed under local anesthetic. | <urn:uuid:d173ecd5-9f08-490f-b2df-9a2e79fe1f8f> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.becomegorgeous.com/body-and-skin/perfect_skin/non_surgical_anti_aging_skin_treatments-764.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718296.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00539-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.927025 | 550 | 1.546875 | 2 |
Family reports finding human skull
The Jasper County Sheriff's Office said an Ames family found a partial human skull last Saturday.
The skull was found in the Skunk River in Jasper County near the Metz Railroad Trestle Bridge.
Officials said the family took the skull back to Ames where they lived, and then contacted Ames police.
The skull will be sent to the State Medical Examiner's Office for further testing.
Officials said the skull is similar to the one found earlier this year near Ames in the Skunk River. The Ames skull was found to be more than 200 years old.
Jasper County said the case remains under investigation.
Copyright 2013 by KCCI All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed. | <urn:uuid:7652b116-fc2f-4081-904a-9dc02a70eb8b> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.kcci.com/news/central-iowa/family-reports-finding-human-skull/21564130?view=print | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718309.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00405-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.963841 | 155 | 1.828125 | 2 |
« AnteriorContinuar »
The feast is kept
for fourteen days.
ch, 19, 3.
(ch. 23. &
hand. See 1 Chr. 29.24 Enn 10. 19.
Deut. 10. 16. 12.10.
z Ex. 12. 15. & 19. 6.
Ps. 106. 46.
&c. Is. 40.2.
ch. 17. 9. & S5, S.
1 ch. So. 16.
So ch.11.16. rer, 18, 21.
B. C. 726. passed against the Lord God of their 19 That 'prepareth his heart to seek B. C. 726.
fathers, who therefore ó gave them up God, the LORD God of his fathers,
though he be not cleansed according to
your fathers were, but + yield your- 20 And the Lord hearkened to Hez14 Heb. give the selves unto the Lord, and enter into ekiah, and healed the people.
his sanctuary, which he hath sanc- 21 And the children of Israel that
strength. them that lead them captive, so that 22 And Hezekiah spake + comforta- Heb. to the
heart of all, they shall come again into this land : bly unto all the Levites a that taught for the Lord your God is 'gracious the good knowledge of the Lord: and a Deut. 33. 10. and merciful, and will not turn away they did eat throughout the feast his face from
ye m return unto seven days, offering peace offerings, him.
and making confession to the Lord Ezra 10. 11. posts from city to God of
23 and Manasseh, even unto Zebulun : counsel to keep other seven days : See 1 Kings but "they laughed them to scorn, and and they kept other seven days with mocked them.
gladness. 11 Nevertheless, °divers of Asher 24 For Hezekiah king of Judah and Manasseh and of Zebulun hum-+d did give to the congregation a + Heb. lifted bled themselves, and came to Jeru- thousand bullocks and seven thousalem.
sand sheep; and the princes gave to d ch. 35, 7, 8. 12 Also in Judah P the hand of God the congregation a thousand bullocks was to give them one heart to do the and ten thousand sheep: and a great commandment of the king and of the number of priests sanctified them- e ch. 29. 34. princes, by the word of the Lord. selves.
13 | And there assembled at Jerusa- 25 And all the congregation of Ju-
out of Israel, and the strangers that
the son of David king of Israel there
offerings into the house of the Lord. even unto heaven.
eth the courses of the priests and Levites, and pro-
wurdness of the people in offerings and tithes. 11
Hezekiah appointeth officers to dispose of the tither.
20 Ilis sincerity.
I rer. IL
of the killing of the passovers for ev- went out to the cities of Judah, and a 2 Kings 18.4. ery one that was not clean, to sancti- a brake the timages in pieces, and cut + Heb; stata fy them unto the Lord.
down the groves, and threw down the
But Hezekiah prayed man to his possession, into their own
2 1 And Hezekiah appointed the
: Ex. 12. 43, ke
to make an end.
b1 Chr. 23.6. & 24. 1.
The people's forwardness
in offerings and tithes.
1 Chr. 9. 22.
d Num. 28. & 29.
e Num. 18. 8,
Mal. 2. 7.
+ Heb. brake
h v. 27. 3 Deut. 14. 28.
B. C. 726. courses of the priests and the Levites | mandment of Hezekiah the king, and B. C. 72
after their courses, every man accord- Azariah the ruler of the house of God.
ing to his service, the priests and 14 And Kore the son of Imnah the 1 Chr. 23. 30, Levites for burnt offerings and for Levite, the porter toward the east,
peace offerings, to minister, and to was over the freewill offerings of
Lord, and the most holy things.
from three years old and upward, 4 Moreover he commanded the peo- even unto every one that entereth into ple that dwelt in Jerusalem to give the house of the Lord, his daily por
the portion of the priests and the tion for their service in their charges &cNeh. 13. Levites, that they might be encour- according to their courses ; aged in the law of the LORD.
17 Both to the genealogy of the 5 [ And as soon as the command priests by the house of their fathers, ment t came abroad, the children of and the Levites m from twenty years 1 Chr. 23.
24, 27. Israel brought in abundance 5 the first- old and upward, in their charges by
fruits of corn, wine, and oil, and their courses ;
field; and the tithe of all things little ones, their wives, and their sons,
and their daughters, through all the
secrated unto the Lord their God, several city, the men that were "ex+ Heb. heaps, and laid them + by heaps.
pressed by name, to give portions to heaps.
7 In the third month they began to all the males among the priests, and
8 And when Hezekiah and the 20 | And thus did Hezekiah through-
the Lord his God.
and in the law, and in the command-
himself, and encourageth his people.
phemy of Sennacherib.
25 His pride is
713. the Lord; and they prepared them, tablishment thereof, Sennacherib 2 Kinge.'
12 And brought in the offerings and king of Assyria came, and entered in
the tithes and the dedicated things to Judah, and encamped against the * Neh. 13. 13. faithfully : kover which Conaniah the fenced cities, and thought tto win Heh ..
Levite was ruler, and Shimei his them for himself.
2 And when Hezekiah saw that Sen-
o ver. 12, 13, 14, 15.
i Mal. 3. 10.
9 The blas20 Hezekiah and Isaiah
syrians. 24 Hezekiah's sickness.
|| Or, storehouses.
face was to bar.
+ Heb. at the hand.
The Assyrians cut off.
d! Sam. 5.9.
B.C.713. 4 So there was gathered much peo- my fathers: how much less shall your B. C. 710.
ple together, who stopped all the God deliver you out of mine hand ?
17 9 He wrote also letters to rail on 92 Kings 19.9. 0 la 22. 9, 10.
5 Also "he strengthened himself, | the Lord God of Israel, and to speak
and another wall without, and repair- livered their people out of mine hand, 1 Kings 9.24 ed Millo in the city of David, and so shall not the God of Hezekiah 1 Or, voords, made #darts and shields in abund- deliver his people out of mine hand.
18. Then they cried with a loud voice, 2 Kings 18. 6 And he set captains of war over in the Jews' speech, unto the people the people, and gathered them to- of Jerusalem that were on the wall, + 2 Kings 18.
26, 27, 28. gether to him in the street of the to affright them, and to trouble them; + Heh, svake gate of the city, and + spake comfort that they might take the city. k their acarla ably to them, saying,
19 And they spake against the God 7 Be strong and courageous,' be not of Jerusalem, as against the gods of Dat 316. afraid nor dismayed for the king of the people of the earth, which were
Assyria, nor for all the multitude that the work of the hands of man. u 2 Kings 19. (2 Kings 6. is with him : for there be more with 20 *And for this cause Hezekiah the
1 2 Kings 19. us than with him. king, and y the prophet Isaiah the son
y 2 Kings 19. 8 With him is an "arm of flesh; of Amoz, prayed and cried to heaven. but with us is the LORD our God to 21 | 2 And the Lord sent an angel, about 710.
help us, and to fight our battles. And which cut off all the mighty men of 2 2 Kings 19. * Ied, leaned the people t rested themselves upon valour, and the leaders and captains 35, &c.
the words of Hezekiah king of Judah. in the camp of the king of Assyria. 710.
9 * After this did Sennacherib king So he returned with shame of face to Kings 18. of Assyria send his servants to Jerusa- his own land. And when he was
lem, (but he himself laid siege against come into the house of his god, they Heb, dominLachish, and all his power with that came forth of his own bowels
him,) unto Hezekiah king of Judah, + slew him there with the sword.
him fall. salem, saying,
and the inhabitants of Jerusalem from 2 Kings 18. 10 Thus saith Sennacherib king of the hand of Sennacherib the king
Assyria, Whereon do ye trust, that ye of Assyria, and from the hand of all
abide lin the siege in Jerusalem ? others, and guided them on every side. కలను ఉld
11 Doth not Hezekiah persuade you 23 And many brought gifts unto the 710.
cious things. * 2 Kings 18. ine and by thirst, saying, “ The Lord Hezekiah king of Judah: so that he
our God shall deliver us out of the was magnified in the sight of all na-
tions from thenceforth. 1: Kings 18.
12 Hath not the same Hezekiah 24 [ 'In those days Hezekiah was 713.
Or, torought before one altar, and burn incense 25 But Hezekiah d rendered not
again according to the benefit done a Pg. 116. 12. 13 Know ye not what I and my fa- unto him; for his heart was lifted thers have done unto all the people of up: 'therefore there was wrath upon
other lands ? °were the gods of the na- him, and upon Judah and Jerusalem. 33, 34, 35.
& Jer. 26. 18, tions of those lands any ways able to 26 % Notwithstanding, Hezekiah humdeliver their lands out of mine hand? bled himself for tthe pride of his + Heb. the
lifting up. 14 Who was there among all the heart, both he and the inhabitants of gods of those nations that my fathers Jerusalem, so that the wrath of the utterly destroyed, that could deliver Lord came not upon them bin the 12 Kings 20. his people out of mine hand, that days of Hezekiah. your God should be able to deliver 27 | And Hezekiah had exceeding you out of mine hand?
much riches and honour: and he 1. Kinga 18.
15 Now therefore P let not Hezekiah made himself treasuries for silver, deceive you, nor persuade you on this and for gold, and for precious stones, manner, neither yet believe him: for and for spices, and for shields, and no god of any nation or kingdom for all manner of + pleasant jewels;
ments of de was able to deliver his people out of 28 Storehouses also for the increase mine hand, and out of the band of of corn, and wine, and oil; and stalls
Manasseh's wicked reign.
His captivity and return.
m Ps. 132. 14.
12 Sam. 7. 10.
† Heb, kindnesses.
& 38, & 39.
P Job Sa. 8.
B. C. 713. for all manner of beasts, and cotes for he wrought much evil in the sight of B. C. 698 flocks.
the Lord, to provoke him to anger. 29 Moreover he provided him cities, 7 And 'he set a carved image, the 12 Kings 21. 7.
and possessions of flocks and herds in idol which he had made, in the house il Chr. 29. 12. abundance: for 'God had given him of God, of which God had said to substance very much.
David and to Solomon his son, In k (s. 22. 9, 11. 30 k This same Hezekiah also stop-m this house, and in Jerusalem, which
ped the upper watercourse of Gihon, I have chosen before all the tribes of
Hezekiah prospered in all his works. the foot of Israel from out of the 712. 31 | Howbeit, in the business of the land which I have appointed for your | Heb. inter- tambassadors of the princes of Baby- fathers ; so that they will take heed 12 Kings 20.
lon, who 'sent unto him to inquire of to do all that I have commanded 12. Is. 39. 1. the wonder that was done in the land, them, according to the whole law m Deut. 8. 2. God left him, to try him, that he and the statutes and the ordinances
might know all that was in his by the hand of Moses.
9 So Manasseh made Judah and the
Hezekiah, and his + goodness, behold, to do worse than the heathen, whom o 18. 36, & 57, they are written in the vision of the Lord had destroyed before the
Isaiah the prophet, the son of Amoz, children of Israel. 0 2 Kings 18, and in the book of the kings of 10 And the Lord spake to Manas& 19, & 20. Judah and Israel.
seh, and to his people : but they p 2 Kings 20. 33 P And Hezekiah slept with his would not hearken.
fathers, and they buried him in the 11 1 •Wherefore the Lord brought 677. || Or, highesh. Il chiefest of the sepulchres of the sons upon them the captains of the host * Deut. 23. se.
of David: and all Judah and the in- +of the king of Assyria, which took + Heb. zehich 698. habitants of Jerusalem did him hon- Manasseh among the thorns, and
king's q Prov. 10. 7.
our at his death. And Manasseh | Pbound him with 1 fetters, and car- # Or, chairs his son reigned in his stead.
ried him to Babylon.
12 And when he was in affliction, CHAPTER XXXIII.
he besought the Lord his God, and Manassch's wicked reign, 3 le restoreth idolatry. 11
9 humbled himself greatly before the 91 Pet 5. 6. Ile is carried captive to Babylım. 12 Upon repen! God of his fathers, ance he is restored to his kinydom. 15 He pulteth doron idolatry. 18 His acts. 20 Amon succeedcth
13 And prayed unto him: and he him. 21 He reigneth wickedly, and is sluin by his was 'entreated of him, and heard his = 1 Chr. 5. 20. servants. 25 Josiah succeedeth him.
supplication, and brought him again a 2 Kings 21. SANASSEH a was twelve years to Jerusalem into his kingdom. Then 1, &c.
old when he began to reign, Manasseh knew that the Lord he • Pa 9. 16. and he reigned fifty and five years was God. in Jerusalem :
14 Now after this he built a wall 2 But did that which was evil in without the city of David, on the
the sight of the Lord, like unto the west side of 'Gihon, in the valley, 1 Kings 1. ss. b Deut. 18. 9. abominations of the heathen, whom even to the entering in at the fish uch. 27.8
the Lord had cast out before the gate, and compassed about Ophel, Or, the children of Israel.
and raised it up a very great height, + Heb. he re- 3 | For the built again the high and put captains of war in all the
places which Hezekiah his father fenced cities of Judah. C2 Kings 18.4. had broken down, and he reared up 15 And he took away *the strange * ver. 3, 5, 7. ch. 30, 14., & altars for Baalim, and 4 made groves, gods, and the idol out of the house a Deut. 16. 21. | and worshipped all the host of heav- of the Lord, and all the altars that en, and served them.
he had built in the mount of the 4 Also he built altars in the house house of the Lord, and in Jerusa
of the Lord, whereof the Lord had lem, and cast them out of the city. 1 Deut. 12. 11. said, 'In Jerusalem shall my name 16 And he repaired the altar of the i Kinge 8. 29. be for ever.
Lord, and sacrificed thereon peace 5 And he built altars for all the offerings and y thank offerings, and y Lev. 7. 12. host of heaven in the two courts commanded Judah to serve the Lord of the house of the LORD.
God of Israel. 6 h And he caused his children to 17. Nevertheless the people did sac- ch. 52 12 pass through the fire in the valley rifice still in the high places, yet un
of the son of Hinnom : i also he ob- to the Lord their God only. Ez. 23.37, 39. | Deut. 18. 10, served times, and used enchantments, 18 | Now the rest of the acts of
and used witchcraft, and k dealt with Manasseh, and his prayer unto his k 2 Kings 21.6.
a familiar spirit, and with wizards : God, and the words of a the seers + 1 Sam. 9. a
Ezra &. 2.
Dan. 4. 25
2 Chr. 28. 3.
turned and built.
e Deut. 17. 3.
& 9. 3. ch. 6. 6, & 7. 16. 8 ch. 4. 9.
h Lev. 18. 21. Deut. 18. 10. 2 Kings 23. 10. ch. 28.3.
Josiah's good reign.
The temple repaired.
I Or, Hawai.
I ver. 12
12. 4, &c.
B. C. 677. that spake to him in the name of the dust of them, and strewed it upon B. C. 630.
LORD God of Israel, behold, they are the + graves of them that had sacri-
† Heb. face of Israel.
5 And he burnt the bones of the
1 2 Kings 23.4. 19 His prayer also, and how God priests upon their altars, and cleansed 81 Kings 13.2. was entreated of him, and all his sins, Judah and Jerusalem. and his trespass, and the places where- 6 And so did he in the cities of Vain he built high places, and set up nasseh, and Ephraim, and Simeon, groves and graven images, before he even unto Naphtali, with their l mat- || Or, mauls. was humbled : behold, they are writ- tocks round about.
ten among the sayings of the seers. 7 And when he had broken down 52 Kings 21. 20 I So Manasseh slept with his the altars and the groves, and had h Deut. 9. 21.
fathers, and they buried him in his beaten the graven images tinto pow- + Heb. to own house : and Amon his son reign- der, and cut down all the idols through- make powder. ed in his stead.
out all the land of Israel, he returned : Kings 21. 21 [ Amon was two and twenty to Jerusalem.
years old when he began to reign, and 8 | Now 'in the eighteenth year of 624.
22 But he did that which was evil in land, and the house, he sent Shaphan
9 And when they came to Hilkiah
the Lord, das Manasseh his father had money that was brought into the + Heb. multi- humbled himself; but Amon #tres- house of God, which the Levites that passed more and more.
kept the doors had gathered of the 1 Kings 21. 24 And his servants conspired hund of Manasseh and Ephraim, and
against him, and slew him in his of all the remnant of Israel, and of
all Judah and Benjamin ; and they 641. 25 1 But the people of the land slew returned to Jerusalem.
all them that had conspired against 10 And they put it in the hand of
gave it to the workmen that wrought
in the house of the Lord, to repair
and amend the house :
ers gave they it, to buy hewn stone,
had destroyed. : 2 Kings 22
12 And the men did the work faith-
the sons of Merari ; and Zechariah
13 Also they were over the bearers 634.
3 For in the eighth year of his of burdens, and were overseers of all
gan to seek after the God of David ner of service: 'and of the Levites there 11 Chr. 23.4,5. 630. his father : and in the twelfth year were scribes, and officers, and porters. "I Laga 13.2 he began to purge Judah and Jeru- 14 | And when they brought out **. 33. 17, 22. salem from the high places, and the the money that was brought into the groves, and the carved images, and house of the Lord, Hilkiah the priest
m 2 Kings 22. the molten images.
m found a book of the law of the LORD 4 And they brake down the altars giren tby Moses.
+ Heb. by the ? Kungs 8.6.
of Baalim in his presence; and the 15 And Hilkiah answered and said hor, Ben im images, that were on high above to Shaphan the scribe, I have found
them, he cut down; and the groves, the book of the law in the house of
neuocth the corenant with God.
Joshat he wesanciebte yra and he
ch. 15. 2. | <urn:uuid:973464ef-f35b-4fe8-ade3-b157a4f1aed2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://books.google.com.pr/books?id=_gcXAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA451&vq=%22%27s+bondmen.+10+And+he+said,+Now+also+let+it+fie+according+unto+your+words+:+he+with+whom+it%22&dq=related:ISBN0140092331&lr=&output=text | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572192.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815145459-20220815175459-00078.warc.gz | en | 0.953174 | 5,177 | 1.960938 | 2 |
From Africa To Jazz is a collaboration on the part of the Black Archives of Mid America in Kansas City, the Traditional Music Society and the Kansas Metropolitan Dance Theatre. This presentation is an educational and entertaining endeavor, tracing the roots of African American music and dance from west Africa to the Americas.
It will explore the origins of many inherent musical elements, such as rhythmic and melodic syncopation, polyrhythms, improvisation and the blue note. In dance it will trace the African origins of jazz and vernacular, swing and lindy hop. The history of these aspects will be offered through interactive workshops and staged performances, featuring jazz saxophonist Gerald Dunn, jazz vocalist Lesa Henry, and the Soundz of Africa dance ensemble. A must see presentation! | <urn:uuid:e1d97ee3-512d-4f04-b41c-7f2d987e378d> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://blackarchives.org/events/africa-jazz?mini=calendar%252F2013-01 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720153.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00324-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.885007 | 158 | 2.109375 | 2 |
Social Work (BSW)
Why study Social Work?
Do you want to serve populations in need and contribute to improving lives? Majoring in Social Work will prepare you for the important work of empowering individuals, families, and communities. Social workers help people solve and cope with problems. They have a unique combination of intelligence and emotional strength. They care about human dignity and social justice, and work to make the world a better place.
Social work is a challenging, dynamic, high-growth profession. It encompasses a wide range of practices, including child welfare, addiction treatment, mental health, advocacy, aging, family services, education, community organizing, and public policy. For most social workers, a bachelor’s degree is the first step on their social work career pathway. Many BSW graduates continue on to earn a master’s degree. They may need other credentials as well, such as licensing and certifications, depending on their field.
At George Williams College, our social work programs are recognized among the best in the region. Together, GWC students, faculty, and staff comprise a distinctive community, dedicated to a century-old mission of “serving those who serve others.” We prepare graduates to lead in fields where society’s needs are the greatest, including Social Work.
In GWC’s Bachelor of Social Work program, you will acquire the knowledge and skills needed to effect change in your community. Our Social Work program begins with a solid academic core in the liberal arts, where you will hone your organizational and communications skills and lay the foundation for success. Starting in your junior year, you will be immersed in the professional and clinical side of social work, exploring social welfare and social justice issues, as well as strategies for working with diverse populations in need. At GWC, you’ll be prepared to pursue Social Work licensure in both Wisconsin and Illinois.
Upon graduation with your Bachelor of Social Work degree, you can pursue a job in case management in nonprofit organizations, hospitals, or social service agencies. Graduates with the BSW degree are eligible to take the Illinois State Social Work license exam after completing two years of work experience. Students are also eligible to pursue the Wisconsin Certified Social Worker exam upon graduation.
For those wishing to take on more supervisory and clinical roles, you can apply for advanced standing in AU's Master of Social Work program, which is offered on the main AU campus, at AU Woodstock Center, and through AU Online.
The Bachelor of Social Work program requires a special application, which you can complete online. The program takes place at GWC in Williams Bay, Wisconsin. There is also a program for transfer students at the Woodstock Center in Woodstock, Illinois, and through AU Online. To learn more about the transfer program at Woodstock, fill out this inquiry form.
The baccalaureate degree program in Social Work at George Williams College of Aurora University is accredited by the Council on Social Work Education (CSWE). This accreditation enables students to apply for the state licensure exam in Illinois or Wisconsin and to apply for “Advanced Standing” consideration for graduate studies.
How wonderful it is that nobody need wait a single moment to improve the world.Anne Frank
- Human behavior
- Social welfare policy
- Corporate Social Responsibility
- Phi Alpha Honor Society (Social Work Honor Society)
- Responsible Solutions
- Social Work Association
- Spiritual Advisory Council
GWC prepared me for my career in so many ways. The classes are designed to be hands-on, so I was learning and practicing every skill that a social worker would need for a job. I made long-lasting relationships with peers, professors, and staff members who worked with me one on one to succeed.Lorena Villagomez Corona, BSW ’19, MSW ’20, School Social Worker at Harvard Community Unit School District 50
- Addictions treatment counselor
- After school program facilitator
- Case worker
- Child welfare/children’s services worker
- Criminal justice/corrections specialist
- Health care social worker
- Mental health or crisis response intake worker
- Policy advocate
- Policy and planning specialist
- Prisons and correctional facilities social worker
- Probation officer
- Research analyst
- Youth mentor
- Executive director of a social service agency
- Forensic social worker
- Hospice social worker
- International social worker
- Mental health social worker
- Occupational social worker
- Policy analyst
- Private practice therapist
- Program manager
- School social worker
- Substance abuse counselor
In Our Own Words: Dean of the College of Education and Social Work Brenda Barnwell on why demand for social workers is soaring
Corporations, school districts, and other organizations are finding ways to help alleviate higher levels of stress and anxiety by hiring social workers to make a difference. At George Williams College of Aurora University, your professors will help you choose the track that is right for you so you are ready to start work when you graduate.
Field placements in social service agencies working with individuals, families, and groups are an integral part of the learning experience. An internship in a social service agency, coordinated by our faculty and staff, prepares you for your career by letting you work with people and groups. You will be required to complete one field placement during fall and spring semesters consecutively of your senior or final year of studies. And many courses include role playing, simulations, and guest speakers.
- Association for the Prevention of Family Violence
- Beloit Domestic Violence Center
- Big Brothers Big Sisters of America
- Clement J. Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center
- Lakeshore Veterinary Specialists
- Lutheran Social Services of Wisconsin and Upper Michigan
- National Association of Social Workers (NASW)
- Racine Interfaith Coalition
- Walworth County Department of Health and Human Services
Where our graduates work
- Ascension/Wheaton Franciscan Healthcare
- Aurora Psychiatric Hospital
- Froedtert & The Medical College of Wisconsin
- Love, Inc.
- Northern Illinois school districts
- Northwestern Medicine
- Pioneer Center for Human Services
- TLS Veterans
- Waukesha Memorial Hospital - ProHealth Care | <urn:uuid:6140ca76-98ce-49f9-b529-0dcebc310cd0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://gwc.aurora.edu/academics/undergraduate/social-work/index.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573029.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817153027-20220817183027-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.924201 | 1,300 | 2.234375 | 2 |
The following appeared in the Los Angeles Times on Friday :
Thursday night's bid for absolution by cyclist Lance Armstrong over his use of performance-enhancing drugs — set to continue Friday as OWN founder and TV high priestess Oprah Winfrey seeks to bless her struggling network with ratings points — is, depending on the beholder, either a scoundrel's disgraceful and far-too-late effort to salvage his career or the last gasp of a hero aiming to silence the critics who have unfairly singled him out.
Our view leans slightly to the former, although we believe the man who was once the world's most successful cyclist has achieved at least one worthwhile and inspiring thing: his Livestrong cancer foundation. If a couple of appearances with Oprah can keep the donations flowing to a worthy cause, chat away.
But what matters more than our view on Armstrong is the way he and his actions are seen by millions of other athletes — young and old, amateur and professional — who might be tempted to follow in his footsteps. Investigators have long tended to focus on landing big fish to discourage those who might want to imitate them. Armstrong, because of his massive endorsement deals, seemingly impossible achievements and enormous fame as the man who almost single-handedly put cycling on the American sports radar screen, may be the biggest fish ever caught by doping officials. Will that be enough to help put this chemical-abuse era behind us?
Not judging by a recent decision by the Union Cycliste International, the Switzerland-based governing body for cycling. According to a report in the Wall Street Journal, the union rejected a proposal from anti-doping authorities to create a one-month window during which cyclists could have admitted drug use without facing bans on international competition. The union reportedly nixed the idea of such a “truth and reconciliation commission” because it believes cycling has already been singled out for special attention, and another flurry of confessions would have further tarnished the sport's reputation.
Surely other sports have gotten the message? Not baseball. No one was elected to the Hall of Fame in Cooperstown this year, largely because so many of the biggest stars of the last decade or two (Barry Bonds, Roger Clemens, Sammy Sosa, etc.) have been tainted by steroid scandals. Major League Baseball has reportedly cleaned up its act since the days when Bonds was hammering superhuman homers into McCovey Cove, with officials recently announcing that it will be the first of the four major North American pro sports to test for human growth hormone during the season. But wasn't it just last summer that Melky Cabrera of the San Francisco Giants and Bartolo Colon of the Oakland A's were suspended for using synthetic testosterone?
The problem gets less attention in basketball and football, but not because it doesn't exist. Muscles go with the job for athletes in these sports, and the public seems less bothered when those gladiatorial bodies were built with the help of a syringe.
Indeed, many believe that doping shouldn't matter even for athletes such as Armstrong who compete in non-contact sports. If elite athletes want to entertain us, and maximize their own fame and fortunes, by taking substances that harm only themselves, why should anyone else care? First, because doping creates an uneven playing field in which cheaters have the distinct advantage. Allowing it would merely encourage everyone else to do it as well. Second, because sports are supposed to test the limits of human strength, agility and skill, not the talents of one's chemist or trainer. Third, and most important, because young people fall into the trap of thinking they need performance-enhancing drugs to succeed, turning kids into chemical abusers, with all the risks that entails.
Armstrong's come-to-Oprah moment, unfortunately, probably won't do much to reduce doping, even if it helps restore his reputation. And if the fall of the mighty Armstrong won't get athletes off the juice, what will? More enforcement and better detection methods are the mundane, but seemingly only, answers. | <urn:uuid:b0c8d036-b607-437c-ac30-6273e744b60b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.myrtlebeachonline.com/opinion/editorials/article16640003.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00070-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.969251 | 818 | 1.53125 | 2 |
Type your tag names separated by a space and hit enter
Use of a modified Comprehensive Pain Evaluation Questionnaire (CPEQ): characteristics and functional status of patients on entry to a tertiary care pain clinic.
BACKGROUNDWith increasing knowledge of chronic pain, clinicians have attempted to assess chronic pain patients with lengthy assessment tools.
OBJECTIVESTo describe the functional and emotional status of patients presenting to a tertiary care pain clinic; to assess the reliability and validity of a diagnostic classification system for chronic pain patients modelled after the Multidimensional Pain Inventory; to provide psychometric data on a modified Comprehensive Pain Evaluation Questionnaire (CPEQ); and to evaluate the relationship between the modified CPEQ construct scores and clusters with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Fourth Edition - Text Revision Pain Disorder diagnoses.
METHODSData on 300 new patients over the course of nine months were collected using standardized assessment procedures plus a modified CPEQ at the Comprehensive Pain Program, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario.
RESULTSCluster analysis of the modified CPEQ revealed three patient profiles, labelled Adaptive Copers, Dysfunctional, and Interpersonally Distressed, which closely resembled those previously reported. The distribution of modified CPEQ construct T scores across profile subtypes was similar to that previously reported for the original CPEQ. A novel finding was that of a strong relationship between the modified CPEQ clusters and constructs with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Fourth Edition - Text Revision Pain Disorder diagnoses.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONSThe CPEQ, either the original or modified version, yields reproducible results consistent with the results of other studies. This technique may usefully classify chronic pain patients, but more work is needed to determine the meaning of the CPEQ clusters, what psychological or biomedical variables are associated with CPEQ constructs or clusters, and whether this instrument may assist in treatment planning or predict response to treatment.
Toronto Western Hospital, Ontario. email@example.com, , , , , ,
Aged, 80 and over
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Predictive Value of Tests
Reproducibility of Results
Pub Type(s)Journal Article | <urn:uuid:bd48e086-176c-45ed-bddb-23188ecff093> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/22518368/full_citation/Use_of_a_modified_Comprehensive_Pain_Evaluation_Questionnaire__CPEQ_:_characteristics_and_functional_status_of_patients_on_entry_to_a_tertiary_care_pain_clinic_ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279933.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00119-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.81304 | 453 | 1.523438 | 2 |
The saying usually goes, “Don’t judge a book by its cover” — and I think this extrapolates to people. I don’t mean, “Don’t judge a person by how they look,” as you might think I do. What I really mean is, “Don’t judge a person by the cover of the book you see them reading.”
I’m the type of person who reads for fun, who carries an extra book in her bag in case she runs into a bit of free time. But recently, I’ve found myself pausing before placing a book in my bag, looking at the cover, and deciding whether or not to bring it based on what I presume people will think of me if they see me reading books like “To All The Boys I’ve Loved Before” in public.
This feeling has only been magnified at Stanford: a place I assume is full of extremely smart people who only read intelligent biographies, historical fiction with underlying political messages or business books about successful startups. In other words, everybody here has outgrown simple, enjoyable young adult (YA) fiction — everybody but me.
I’m not saying I only read at the level of John Green books. One thing I didn’t expect from college was the amount of reading I would have to do for class. When my grade in a 3-unit seminar is almost entirely based on my participation in class, and the quality of my participation in class is entirely based on whether or not I’ve read the texts, reading at a level above John Green becomes a necessity. Still, my enjoyable quick reads sit tantalizingly on the shelf, beckoning me to pick one up and settle down for an hour or two of mindless entertainment. Even when I do shake the fear of judgment from my mind (what are the chances anyone outside will care about what I read anyway?), guilt still comes gnawing at my mind. Stop reading for enjoyment; read what you have to for class instead! And, what are you getting out of this book? Are you learning anything? I can’t seem to shake the feeling that, at every moment, I have to be mentally challenging myself. After all, I’m at university. There shouldn’t be time to play anymore.
In English 190YA: “Young Adult Fiction,” a creative writing class led by Nina Schloesser Tarano, I participated in an interesting discussion on the merits of literary vs. genre fiction. We identified the main differences between the two, at least in the public’s eyes: Literary fiction “provides a means to better understand the world and delivers real emotional responses” (Huffpost) and is usually perceived as being better or more intelligent, while genre fiction is usually read for entertainment and escapism. Part of our class discussion was spent defending genre fiction, arguing that it wasn’t only used as an escape, until one of my classmates brought up a good point: Even if that is all YA is used for, what’s wrong with wanting to escape real life every once in a while?
There’s something magical about losing yourself in a world entirely built in the imagination, in the minds of characters with lives very much unlike yours. Sometimes you don’t want to be reminded of all the terrible things going on in the world right now. Sometimes what you want are stories about faraway stars, wizards and witches or young people falling in love again and again — and I realized that every other student in my creative writing class wanted the same thing. Freshmen and grad students alike sit in that classroom every week, talking passionately about our favorite YA books. Our ability to enjoy nice, easy stories isn’t determined by age or intellect, and I need not force myself to grow out of it.
One of the shelves in my dorm room is filled with YA books I brought from home. The stories are easy to read and not that deep or intellectual. They bring me comfort and offer a welcome break from the taxing, fast-paced nature of college life; they don’t need to be unraveled, analyzed or discussed; and they don’t need to fit the bill of what I think I should be reading. They just need to be enjoyed.
Contact Georgia Limcaoco at georgial ‘at’ stanford.edu. | <urn:uuid:ab661079-9e69-4835-87af-08171ab05d90> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://stanforddaily.com/2020/03/27/judging-the-books-ive-loved-before/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572286.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816090541-20220816120541-00275.warc.gz | en | 0.961166 | 930 | 1.5625 | 2 |
(CNN) -- There's no doubt airline fees are one of the universe's most complained-about topics. Just say the word "fee," and you'll see the same look of disgust you'd see if you told anyone older than 20 that you like Justin Bieber.
But airline fees aren't a bad thing at all. In fact, they're good for consumers as well as for airlines. Now you can choose to pay only for what you plan to use instead of paying for everything that was previously built into the fare.
The problem is the way that fees have been implemented. In the long run, you'll be able to buy airline tickets differently, and this whole fee-hatred fad will go away.
The checked bag fee is the most hated, but I invite you to think about it differently. If you're traveling with just a carry-on bag, don't you think you should pay less than the person who checks two full bags of stuff? Bags are heavy. The more weight a plane carries, the more fuel it burns. So Mr. Two Bag is not only getting a greater benefit than you, but he's costing the airline more money as well.
And in many cases, the rise in a la carte pricing means the product attached to a fee is enhanced.
For example, Alaska Airlines has a checked bag fee, but it comes with a Baggage Service Guarantee that gives you a $20 travel credit or a mileage bonus if your bag isn't at the carousel within 20 minutes. Other airlines have much better food offerings now that people pay for them. Hawaiian Airlines still offers free food in coach on flights from the mainland, but it also offers passengers the option to buy up to a better meal.
The problem, of course, is that actually trying to compare fees across airlines is difficult at best. You have to look up bag fees for each airline and then do the math to figure out the total price. Add in your choices from a bevy of other airline fee options, and it's hard to figure out the best travel choice without investing some serious time. On top of that, you have to whip out your wallet multiple times along the way to pay for what you want. It's frustrating.
No one is predicting that fees will vanish. But if you look ahead five years, it's going to fall on to the airlines and online comparison sites to create a better experience. There is a great deal of discussion right now about the importance of airfare comparison shopping.
Some accuse American Airlines and others (wrongfully, in my opinion) of trying to stifle the travelers' ability to compare thanks to recent fights with online travel agents and third-party reservation systems. If nothing is done willingly to ensure that meaningful comparison shopping remains possible, the feds will step in. No one wants that to happen, so airlines and online sites have to be proactive.
Imagine that you want to fly from Los Angeles to New York. You have a bag full of client material to check, and you know you're going to want a meal on the flight because you never have time to stop beforehand. Let's also say that you're an elite level flier on Delta, but you aren't wedded to them and are still shopping around.
Eventually, you'll be able to go to a site such as Kayak or Travelocity and enter your frequent flier information. Then you can detail how many bags you need to check as well as whether you want a meal. You'll see a final price that takes into account the fact that as an elite level flier, Delta won't charge you for your bag.
In addition, you'll be able to see which onboard experience is better.
United might have a message about paying $50 to get more leg room in Economy Plus. You'll be able to see that Delta, JetBlue and Virgin America all have individual screens in every seat. And you'll see which airlines have Wi-Fi available onboard. In the end, you'll be able to pick everything you want for your trip, pay once with your credit card and tuck it safely back into your wallet.
Everyone in this industry likes to blame someone else for not being able to achieve this today, but it's clear that everyone is heading in the same direction. It's just a matter of time before fees become a part of buying your plane ticket and not something opaque and confusing that gets tacked on after you book. | <urn:uuid:a4f10534-6314-412f-a7d0-28595c330c5e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://edition.cnn.com/2011/TRAVEL/02/07/airline.fees.column/index.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282202.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00550-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.974822 | 909 | 1.507813 | 2 |
In this whitepaper, Registered Dietitian Nutritionist Derek Timm explains why those starting a low FODMAP dietary program need to manage their dietary fiber intake carefully to avoid constipation and other digestive issues.
Timm provides several tips, including adding a fiber supplement to your program. ”But be selective,” writes the Monash University FODMAP-trained nutritional scientist. “Some fiber supplements are high in FODMAPs. Fiber supplements containing inulin, GOS, wheat dextrin and IMOs, are all ingredients which should be avoided by those looking to reduce FODMAPs in their diet.”
Sunfiber is a Monash University Low FODMAP certified™ fiber. All-natural Sunfiber, derived from the guar bean, moves food through the gut at just the right pace, and without causing excess gas or bloating.
Fill out the form below to download. | <urn:uuid:ea300916-2a2e-4460-9f71-712ca2c8cc97> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.tomorrowsnutrition.com/whitepaper-managing-dietary-fiber-when-following-a-low-fodmap-dietary-program/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00077.warc.gz | en | 0.905123 | 192 | 1.9375 | 2 |
- Arts & Entertainment
- Photo and Video
By Don Volger
Special to The SUN
The hunter education conclusion class will be held Saturday June 14, from 8 a.m. until 2 p.m., at Town Hall, 551 Hot Springs Blvd.
Students must complete the approved online material before attending the conclusion class.
There is no charge except the fee required to obtain the Internet course certificate of completion, which varies depending on the course chosen.
The Internet-based hunter education course requires successful completion of an approved online curriculum plus four hours of classroom instruction, not including the test and range time. There are four online courses approved by Colorado Parks and Wildlife, but we strongly encourage you to use huntercourse.com. Proof of online course completion (the certificate) must be submitted when students arrive on Saturday, June 14, or they will not be admitted.
We will not break for lunch. Students should bring a lunch and snacks to eat during the class. Dress appropriately for the weather since we will finish outdoors, at the range site.
This is a great course for younger students, and parents will benefit as they spend time with their son or daughter working through the online material prior to the conclusion class.
You must preregister and complete the Internet portion of the course before March 15. To register, go to the Colorado Parks and Wildlife official site (wildlife.state.co.us/hunting) and click on “Hunter Education.” Once there, click on “find a course at a place and time to fit your schedule” at the top of the page and simply follow the directions.
If you were born on or after Jan. 1, 1949, you are required to have a hunter safety card before purchasing a hunting license.
All programs, services and activities of the Colorado Parks and Wildlife are operated in compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act. If you need accommodation due to a disability or have additional questions, please contact Don Volger at 264-2197 or firstname.lastname@example.org. To assure that the Parks and Wildlife can meet special needs, please notify Don at least seven days before the class.
These courses are sponsored by the Pagosa Springs Police Department in conjunction with Colorado Parks and Wildlife, with support from the local chapter of the Friends of the NRA. | <urn:uuid:e432f6c5-c8a6-4b03-9879-f03f0df9ab66> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.pagosasun.com/hunter-education-conclusion-class-set/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00471-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.934662 | 475 | 1.585938 | 2 |
National Institute of Astrophysics (INAF), Astronomical Observatory of Padova, 36012 Asiago (VI), Italy
Invited review paper, received May 3, 2012
Symbiotic stars are interacting binary systems composed of a white dwarf (WD) accreting at high rate from a cool giant companion, which frequently fills its Roche lobe. The WD usually is extremely hot and luminous, and able to ionize a sizeable fraction of the cool giant wind, because it is believed the WD undergoes stable hydrogen nuclear burning on its surface of the material accreted from the companion. This leads to consider symbiotic stars as good candidates for the yet-to-be-identified progenitors of type Ia supernovae. Symbiotic stars display the simultaneous presence of many different types of variability, induced by the cool giant, the accreting WD, the circumstellar dust and ionized gas, with time scales ranging from seconds to decades. The long orbital periods (typically a couple of years) and complex outburst patterns, lasting from a few years to a century, make observations from professionals almost impossible to carry out, and open great opportunities to amateur astronomers to contribute fundamental data to science. | <urn:uuid:425d5910-bc74-42cb-9efc-5ede8a31330f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.aavso.org/ejaavso189 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281226.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00378-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.904434 | 244 | 2.921875 | 3 |
As with anything else, there's good news and there's bad news.
The bad news is that the earth is continuing to heat up—this past decade was in fact the hottest decade ever recorded in the history of science. Last year, China surpassed the United States as the largest producer of carbon dioxide, and India is not going to be too far behind as it continues to industrialize. This of course is going to put an enormous strain on the atmosphere of the planet Earth. So, in a nutshell, the nations of the world simply don't have their act together. We can only hope that in time, the nations of the world will strive to make changes that affect future generations for the better.
However, there is also some good news to this story.
First of all, the price of solar hydrogen continues to drop. Renewable technologies are not yet cheaper than fossil fuels, but they are approaching fast and getting very close. I personally believe that within 10 years to 15 years at the maximum, the price of solar hydrogen will drop to the point that it will in fact cross the curve for the rising cost of fossil fuels. So when the declining cost of solar hydrogen intersects with the rising cost of fossil fuels, we will reach the tipping point and a sea change will take place. At that point, it will be quite economical to go solar.
I should also point out that the plug-in hybrid car is already on the horizon and has been for quite some time. About 50% of energy use goes into transportation, and transportation of course burns off huge quantities of oil. But plug-in hybrids are going to be hitting the markets soon. Already, Chevrolet plans to release its version—called the VOLT—in 2011. A year later, Nissan plans to release the LEAF. Toyota also plans to up the ante by releasing an affordable, rechargeable version of its popular Prius hybrid in 2011, most likely as a 2012 model.
These plug-in hybrids have the advantage of relying on their electric batteries as a source of power for the first 50 or so miles. If you go beyond that, as a backup, there is the standard internal combustion engine. But most of your commuting, grocery shopping, and other errands are done during that window of 50 miles, meaning that you could essentially go completely electric. However, there’s a catch (there’s always a catch). That is: where does the electricity come from when you plug in the car? Ultimately, it comes from a power plant, and where do power plants get their electricity? Well in the short term, the answer is coal, and coal produces copious quantities of carbon dioxide. So don't believe that the plug-in hybrid is going to save us completely.
There are, however, various strategies being designed to cope with this very problem. One potential short-term strategy is carbon dioxide sequestration and the implementation of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology. This technology is still in the experimental stage, and we don't know yet if CO2 can be taken from a coal plant and injected deep into the earth's crust. According to the Department of Energy’s website, “CCS is the process by which CO2 is isolated from the emissions stream, compressed, and transported to an injection site where it is stored underground permanently.” (You can read the DOE’s Carbon Capture and Storage R&D Overview here.)
Another possibility is that of fusion power, and let's face it, fusion power always generates some snickers among the general public. There are currently two fusion reactors that have a chance to achieve the overall goal. The first reactor is the National Ignition Facility (NIF) built by the Pentagon. The NIF has the possibility of, perhaps even this year, attaining breakeven—that is, creating more energy than it consumes. It consists of 192 laser beams that concentrate nearly two million joules of UV laser energy on a pellet smaller than the head of a pin. This tiny little pellet reaches temperatures hotter than the inside of the sun (100 million degrees Fahrenheit). In some sense, you have a small hydrogen bomb going off. It's of course not dangerous because it's smaller than the head of a pin, but it could eventually be the prototype for a working fusion reactor. You can read more about the National Ignition Facility (also known as the world's largest and highest-energy laser) on the official website, where you can also take a virtual tour of the facility, watch a series of videos, and even view high-resolution photographs.
Another reactor, scheduled to be built in France and to go online around the year 2018, is called the ITER (originally the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor). It features an experimental design using hydrogen gas that is pressed and heated inside a doughnut-shaped magnetic field. The machine will be quite large—23,000 tons—when complete. As a reference point, view this image of the ITER and pay close attention to the man dressed in blue at the bottom right of the graphic.
While it's still a dark horse, some experts think that by mid-century we may have fusion. In other words, the danger period could be the next 10 to 15 years, during which we will still generate a lot of C02—then we will eventually hit that tipping point at which we will shift to a focus on solar power, renewables, wind power, and geothermal power, to name a few.
Of course, it's not a shoo-in by any means, but particularly if the cost of solar hydrogen keeps on dropping, there is still some hope for a clean energy future. | <urn:uuid:8973d5e4-615c-4b69-a5d9-74f896ced272> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://bigthink.com/dr-kakus-universe/hope-on-the-energy-front | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280266.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00497-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.959707 | 1,168 | 2.78125 | 3 |
Here’s my belated contribution to Andy Green’s #PRredefined initiative – and also to those who would separate craft from professional public relations, or internal from external comms.
The interesting question for me is not ‘what is PR?’ but rather ‘what’s the purpose of public relations’?
Publicity is not an end in itself, but a means to some other end. The purpose of publicity is often to serve a sales or marketing end. There”s nothing wrong with this except that it makes it hard to distinguish public relations from marketing.
Yet if we separate publicity from public relations, we lose the base of the pyramid, the most widely-practised part of the business. We also lose our foot-in-the-door since the desire for promotion is universal, and by no means limited to the private sector. (Just think how charities and campaigning organisations use public relations).
So I’m happy to accept the promotional aspect of public relations – and would argue that the proliferation of media channels and rise of social media makes public relations a more broadly-useful approach to promotion than advertising. The decline in trust also makes it more valuable than SEO or search marketing.
But PR’s trump card has nothing to do with one-way publicity. It’s to do with reputation and relationships – with an end goal of maintaining an organisation’s ‘licence to operate’.
Let me back up a bit in order to explain this. Let’s take the long view of the promotional industries.
In the nineteenth century, promotion was in its infancy. What mattered most was resources: capital, energy, raw materials and cheap labour. Making things was the hard part – promotion could come later.
In the twentieth century, the means to make things became more widespread. Many people could make chocolate, or cars, or fizzy drinks. So the differentiating factor became the ‘brand’ – the recognisable quality that set a Cadburys, or a Ford or a Coca-Cola apart from their many competitors. Public relations became a part of the promotional industries serving these brands (though as public relations historians point out, it had not begun there.)
What’s changing in the twenty-first century? We don’t yet have the benefit of hindsight but it seems to me that brand is a diminishing rather than a growing concept. What’s becoming important is ‘legitimacy’.
Let’s take an example. Marlboro was an exemplary twentieth century brand, complete with memorable advertising. What’s changed is the public acceptability of smoking – and the tightening restrictions on tobacco promotion in western countries. No amount of brand recognition counts against the legal and societal constraints on smoking.
The only credible strategy for Philip Morris it to de-emphasise its tobacco business in favour of its food and drink brands (in other words to save the business, not the brand).
Which business will come next? It could be a fast food supplier like Macdonalds (because of concerns over obesity and over meat production) or energy or transport companies (environmental concerns).
Promotion and promotional culture are not about to vanish, but they are becoming less important than the other role of PR – the defensive and adaptive role that helps organisations manage society’s expectations (or to argue for society to change its view of an industry as has been happening with nuclear power generation in the context of the need to meet low-carbon energy needs).
That’s why I view public relations as a double-edged sword (‘to promote and protect’) and that’s why I believe it has a bright future. | <urn:uuid:bca98a7f-0c6f-4210-a346-84c76f610040> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://prstudies.com/2014/07/27/public-relations-to-promote-and-protect/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280891.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00160-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956359 | 775 | 1.9375 | 2 |
|Detail from "The Cocktail Party," Alex Katz, 1965.|
Image via Picker Art Gallery.
They found that engaging in brief (10 minute) conversations in which participants were simply instructed to get to know another person resulted in boosts to their subsequent performance on an array of common cognitive tasks. But when participants engaged in conversations that had a competitive edge, their performance on cognitive tasks showed no improvement.The other day I read that being amused boosts cognition as well. People, if we want to be smarter, we need to tell each other more jokes as part of our cocktail party chit-chat. Tonight's the office holiday party. It will be my mission to tell the penguin joke I've been teaching the kids to contribute to the general intellectual welfare of society. | <urn:uuid:0f680da6-7cfc-49bb-9683-5e73c26bf81d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.cdogzilla.net/2010/12/socializing-may-improve-mental-function.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283689.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00350-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.963703 | 159 | 2.078125 | 2 |
Why Is Water Day Celebrated?
Water is life. Could you imagine yourself stranded on the desert with the scorching heat of the sun? With water so scarce and not to mention the endless sea of sand that surrounds you like forever.
Water comprises about 65-90% in the human cells in our body. Our earth as well is made up most of water than land. Amazing how water has played a major role in any living specie’s survival.
With how water plays an essential role to life, in 1992, United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, on its general assembly designated March 22 as the World Water Day. It kicked off in the year 1993. Each year since then, this day has been a way to lobby for issues relating to freshwater.
Why is this day celebrated? Looking back for the past year’s theme on caring for water resources should be done by everyone. In 1995 the theme on women and water was the focus, activities geared towards water pollution and environmental degradation awareness. The next year focused on cities which have growing problems on water crisis as it is affected by urbanization and economic development. In the succeeding years, the World Water Day emphasized on water relating to culture, coping with scarcity, sanitation and Tran boundary.
For the year 2010, it envisioned to reach a lot of people and create awareness on the importance of quality water for a sustained ecosystem through addressing the growing challenges of water and its management. It is also with this cause to call upon the government, communities, organizations and people from various sectors to actively participate in the efforts for quality water like cleaning up, restorative activities and anti-pollution campaigns. World Water Day is a continuous call for all of us to be counted and be involved even in the simplest way to bring awareness and action for preservation of life. | <urn:uuid:139b7575-40a2-4c17-b9c4-511b3fc16941> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.knowswhy.com/why-is-water-day-celebrated/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573197.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818124424-20220818154424-00674.warc.gz | en | 0.962578 | 370 | 3.265625 | 3 |
Microsoft’s Bing search engine has added a new feature to make it easier for people using the search engine the find details on things they search for. Bing has added Britannica Online Encyclopedia Answers to search results. The search results are part of the partnership with Encyclopedia Britannica and provide details and a thumbnail image of items people search for.
The search results also add links to other trusted sources such as Wikipedia, Freebase, and Qwiki. Undoubtedly, this is Microsoft’s attempt to match Google in the search space. In May, Google announced a new context-sensitive information search called knowledge graph that put more details on the right-hand side of the search page for specific things users search for.
Microsoft took a different tact by integrating its Britannica results in line with its other search results. I can see this being useful, particularly if you’re searching for details on a person or place. This is also the first the partnership for Encyclopaedia Britannica since it ended its print version in March. | <urn:uuid:947b1805-da5e-4019-9976-de4f1ba8c6ec> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.slashgear.com/bing-adds-britannica-online-encyclopedia-answers-to-search-08232904/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281450.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00182-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.91582 | 209 | 2.421875 | 2 |
Play To Learn More believes that one of the fundamental things for the teacher is his and her mental and physical wellbeing. It is our own responsibility to do what we can to stay fit physically and mentally. Teachers are so lucky that we can nurture ourselves while working with the children. The possibilities are all around us!
This video and the poster were made for the annual PTLM conference in Iceland 2017. The conference was dedicated to physical activities and wellness in general for children and teachers in PTLM schools in Iceland. We hope that you enjoy it even though it is in Icelandic! The video says more than words.
Have fun, take responsibility and move with your students! | <urn:uuid:c69a6dd2-1e68-4e27-aca2-a72d4ff2d027> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://leikuradlaera.is/en/2019/02/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572304.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816120802-20220816150802-00479.warc.gz | en | 0.982752 | 136 | 1.960938 | 2 |
A time once the technology has been advancing fast and style are evolving in parallel with it. Also called mid-century modern. Such as an outdoor garden with an adjacent indoor time and with clean lines and rectilinear forms.
Try with lush grass and moss such as black monde bud, dead nettle, the baby’s crying and Irish moss. Alternatively, for decorative plants that will accent your mid century modern landscaping. Try using horsetail reed, cane, bamboo, Japanese maples, smoke trees and weeping willows. No matter what plants you choose. Be certain that they keep their leaves throughout the year. Then simple maintenance selects species that do not need much watering.
To optimize your mid century modern landscaping, incorporates a variety of materials. Which could help different textures to the total design? Just be certain that each of the elements that share a number of the exact characteristics. Like colour or repeating a certain pattern. For instance, linear stalks of bamboo complement adjacent rectangular decorations feature such as paving stones. As their straight lines tying them together. In terms of color, try to match the color. Match color’s your plants with the color of your home, shutters or outdoor structure that dominates the landscape. | <urn:uuid:d78431db-abd7-473b-81a1-e93e612723c2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thecentrestar.com/mid-century-modern-landscaping-ideas/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570765.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808031623-20220808061623-00275.warc.gz | en | 0.932552 | 254 | 1.921875 | 2 |
|Page (1) of 1 - 03/29/12||email article||print page|
Addonics CipherUSB Pass-Through Adapter Provides "Top Secret" Level Encryption for Flash, USB or Optical Drives(March 29, 2012)
SAN JOSE, CA -- (Marketwire) -- 03/29/12 -- Addonics Technologies (www.addonics.com) today announced the Addonics CipherUSB, a USB pass-through adapter that provides a simple, inexpensive way to encrypt data stored on flash drives, flash media, USB hard drives as well as Blu-ray, DVD or CD media.
The CipherUSB is the size of a typical flash drive. Just plug the USB drive, flash drive or optical drive to the device end of the CipherUSB, and then plug the CipherUSB into your computer's USB port. The drive will appear on your computer in seconds and is ready for use like an ordinary USB drive. There is no password to remember or software or drivers to install. Data written to the USB drive or burnt onto Blu-ray, DVD or CD media is automatically encrypted on the fly with "Top Secret" level AES 256-bit hardware encryption. You can even mix encrypted/unencrypted burning sessions onto the same optical media. The encrypted drive is accessible on any computer with a USB port as long you have the matching CipherUSB.
The CipherUSB encrypts everything stored on a standard USB drive or flash media, including the MBR and partition tables. Access to the encrypted data is not possible without using the CipherUSB with the matching cipher code. An encrypted hard drive or flash drive attached directly to a USB port will appear as a blank drive and the encrypted session in a Blu-ray, DVD or CD disc will become invisible.
Designed with a NIST certified crypto engine from Enova Technology, the CipherUSB leaves no trace of any cipher code in RAM or any part of the computer. Since no password is entered into the computer, the CipherUSB is hacker-proof. Each CipherUSB adapter comes with a software utility for programming personal key codes up to 32 characters long. This code is then secured with AES 256-bit encryption and stored inside the CipherUSB adapter.
The CipherUSB has an MSRP of $29.95 and is now shipping.
Visit www.addonics.com/products/cipherusb.php for more information.
Addonics manufactures and markets a broad line of internal/external and mobile storage products. Addonics products are available through the company online store www.shopaddonics.com, major catalog companies, resellers, VARs and distributors, including Amazon.com, PC Connection, CDW, Buy.com, Provantage.com, Insight, and Ingram Micro.
Copyright @ Marketwire
Related Keywords: Addonics Technologies, Programming, Flash, Blu-ray/HD DVD, Authoring/Programming, Graphics/Design, Storage, Marketwire, , AES Attendees, Shipping, | <urn:uuid:c437e66a-e3c6-47f4-922c-51ead1c01e50> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.digitalproducer.com/article/Addonics-CipherUSB-Pass-Through-Adapter-Provides-Top-Secret-Level-Encryption-for-Flash-USB-or-Optical-Drives--1949726 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279489.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00012-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.861512 | 610 | 1.804688 | 2 |
For this essay, you'll need to summarize the issue and state your case, support your position on the issue, and present and address the perspective of the opposition. In your conclusion, I recommend you urge the reader to act or propose a solution. You must use the at least one of the articles we went over in class from the Bedford Reader ( “Drugs” by Gore Vidal) in addition to at least two outside sources that are not websites (electronic journals, newspapers, databases, etc. ). This essay should be three to five pages long, in M.L.A. format. You must cite all of your sources in M.L.A. format within the text of your essay, including the essays from the Bedford Reader, and you must have a properly formatted Works Cited page. Not properly documenting your sources is considered plagiarism.
Below is an outline to help you in Legalizing Drugs Research Paper:
a. Engage the reader
b. Introduce the topic
c. Get to the point (your thesis) HINT: You should tell me what side you are taking here and why.
II. Provide background on the topic
III. Give the current perspective of the topic
IV. Provide the first claim of your argument a. Support with evidence from your observations and research
V. Provide the second claim of your argument a. Support with evidence from your observations and research
VI. Provide the third claim of your argument a. Support with evidence from your observations and research
VII. Etc. until all of your main points are made. HINT: You don't have to cover every point; you only have to cover the ones that are most significant.
VIII. Briefly provide the central objections /alternative judgments to your claims.
a. Support with evidence from your observations, the reading, and/or research.
IX. Refute the objections /alternative judgments to the extent that you can and acknowledge those that you can't refute.
a. Restate the main points of your argument.
b. You got me all riled up now, so tell me what to do about it. Do you have any solutions in mind (if applicable)? Can you give me a look to the future at all? Etc.
Overview of Legalizing Drugs:
The concept of legalizing drugs is supported by the primary argument that it will do what existing drug policies have been unable to do – control drug trafficking, drug use and drug abuse. The arguments for drug legalization are as varied as the proposals for implementing legalization, which include (1)”making drugs legal for the adult population, but illegal for minors, (2) having only the government produce and sell drugs, and/or (3) allowing a private market in drugs, usually with restrictions on advertising, dosage, and place of consumption”. | <urn:uuid:a7efa8a2-3d27-42c5-ad06-f0d18f3066ce> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.papermasters.com/legalizing-drugs.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00017-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.926268 | 588 | 2.0625 | 2 |
Why would you want to transfer a photo to CAD software?
While we usually find ourselves needing to create parts from scratch, sometimes the issue is reversed. Instead of having a piece of stock to make the part from, you may have the part in hand, and need a Fusion 360 model to work with. By simply snapping a quick pic with your smartphone, you can turn that picture into a 3D model using the Attached Canvas tool.
How to Create a CAD Model from a Photo!
Fusion 360 Attached Canvas Tool
Sometimes, the logo in the picture is more important than creating an actual model. In order to transfer this picture to a CAD model, the image needs to be exported to a .DXF file and imported into Fusion 360. Once you’ve moved your picture to CAD, you can manipulate it like any other sketch and use as needed.
Converting JPG Photo to Fusion 360
Tutorial on how to take a 2D DXF Print in Fusion 360 and convert to a 3D Model so that we can machine it! | <urn:uuid:78181f38-b734-4ab7-920b-c9ac7c7668e1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.nyccnc.com/fusion-360-photo-3d-cad/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00470.warc.gz | en | 0.930652 | 219 | 2.328125 | 2 |
About Natural Dentistry
Holistic Dentistry is a philosophy that believes your mouth is connected to the rest of your body. The materials used in dentistry and the infections and bacteria that grow in the mouth can adversely affect the rest of the body. Find out more about Natural Dentistry.
Whether it's a routine cleaning or a more involved treatment, Dr. Beata Carlson has the experience and care to provide you with quality dentistry. Having a dentist who knows your needs and uses only healthy dental material, makes for health, beauty and comfort.
Meet Dr. Carlson
Dr. Carlson is a 1995 graduate of the University of Maryland at Baltimore and is also a member of the International Academy of Oral Medicine and Toxicology, The American Academy of General Dentistry and The American Academy of Cosmetic Dentistry.
Natural and Cosmetic Dentistry Clearwater
At Natural and Cosmetic Dentistry, our philosophy is that dental treatment should be gentle, conservative, minimally invasive, and natural. We want you to be able and willing to take care of your teeth, get infection removed, have a beautiful, bright smile and not have to worry about discomfort. Gentleness, excellent communication, listening, customer service, and your health are of the utmost importance to us.
As a Holistic Dentist in Clearwater, FL, Dr. Beata Carlson recognizes that dental infection and materials used can affect the health of the rest of your body. For your health we use only dental materials that are biocompatible with your body. We are a mercury free office and only provide white fillings. To ensure your health when we remove silver fillings, we take extra precautions to ensure you do not swallow or breathe the metal.
We are located at 2701 Park Dr. #4, in Clearwater, FL. Ready to make an appointment? Contact us today or call 727-712-3837.
News and Articles
Holistic dentists understand the deep connection between oral health and the wellness of the rest of the body. Taking the advice of a holistic dentist will not only improve your teeth and gums, but you might also find that it minimizes other unwanted physical and emotional problems. The following holistic dental tips are meant to […]
If you have a baby on the way, you likely have many choices to make and projects to complete before your due date arrives. Will you return to work after six weeks? What daycare will you use? Is that older car seat still safe to use? Will you breastfeed or bottle feed? As you make […]
It’s easy to connect obesity and unhealthy eating habits with heart health risks, but what about gum disease? As it turns out, there is a close link between a person’s oral health and heart health. More and more research is uncovering the connections between poor oral health and heart disease. This means that if you […] | <urn:uuid:8b453609-2cd6-4f35-a420-1c3920604332> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://naturalandcosmeticdentistry.com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281069.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00272-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.937493 | 586 | 1.898438 | 2 |
- 1 How much money does general aviation generate?
- 2 How much does the aviation industry contribute to the economy?
- 3 What are the economic benefits of aviation?
- 4 Why is General Aviation important?
- 5 What is the busiest general aviation airport?
- 6 Is general aviation in decline?
- 7 What is aviation industry in general?
- 8 How much is aviation worth?
- 9 How much does the aviation industry contribute to climate change?
- 10 How does aviation impact society?
- 11 How has Aviation changed the world?
- 12 How does aviation affect the environment?
- 13 What are some examples of general aviation?
- 14 How safe is general aviation?
- 15 What is the largest segment of general aviation?
How much money does general aviation generate?
* General Aviation generates more than $150 billion in economic activity annually and creates 7.6M jobs. *Nationally, civil aviation contributed 5.1% of the GDP, but at the state level, the value of contribution to a state’s GDP ranges from a high of 19 percent (Hawaii) to a low of 0.5 percent (Delaware).
How much does the aviation industry contribute to the economy?
Aviation supports 65.5 million jobs worldwide and enables $2.7 trillion in global GDP. It allows people to have adventures in new countries, to relax on tropical beaches, to build business relationships and to visit friends and family.
What are the economic benefits of aviation?
Aviation provides the only rapid worldwide transportation network, which makes it essential for global business. It generates economic growth, creates jobs, and facilitates international trade and tourism.
Why is General Aviation important?
GA is also an important supplement to airlines, supplying lift in locations that airlines don’t serve or serve lightly and helping lubricate the wheels of business activity. In economic terms, business aviation contributes more than $150 billion to annual U.S. economic output and 1.2 million jobs.
What is the busiest general aviation airport?
What are the busiest general aviation airports in the United States? KVNY is the busiest GA airport in the nation.
- Grand Forks International Airport (KGFK), Grand Forks, N.D.: 212,325 local + 12,634 itinerant = 224,959.
- Gillespie Field (KSEE), San Diego/El Cajon, California: 140,189 local + 68,061 itinerant = 208,250.
Is general aviation in decline?
The Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association (AOPA) has just released a report confirming that General Aviation has declined by 18 percent over the last five years. Recreational Aviation has increased by 0.2 percent in the same time period.
What is aviation industry in general?
The aviation industry encompasses almost all aspects of air travel and the activities that help to facilitate it. This means it includes the entire airline industry, aircraft manufacturing, research companies, military aviation, and much more.
How much is aviation worth?
The aviation sector has a turnover of over £60 billion, contributes over £22 billion to our GDP and almost one million UK jobs are directly or indirectly supported by it.
How much does the aviation industry contribute to climate change?
The global aviation industry produces around 2% of all human-induced carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Aviation is responsible for 12% of CO2 emissions from all transports sources, compared to 74% from road transport.
How does aviation impact society?
The affordability of air travel makes the leisure and cultural experiences that come from traveling around the globe accessible to the majority of the world’s population. This in turn exposes the world to tourism, which significantly improves living standards and assuages poverty in many nations.
How has Aviation changed the world?
Much of the world’s growth in technology began in the aviation field. The desire for airplanes to fly more efficiently, achieve longer distances, and to be able to reach higher altitudes started with the military but applied to civilian transport too.
How does aviation affect the environment?
Aviation affects the environment in many ways: people living near airports are exposed to noise from aircraft; streams, rivers, and wetlands may be exposed to pollutants discharged in storm water runoff from airports; and aircraft engines emit pollutants to the atmosphere.
What are some examples of general aviation?
The following are some of the activities that normally fall within the scope of general aviation, which encompasses all civil aviation other than scheduled air service:
- Aerial firefighting.
- Aerial photography.
- Air ambulance.
- Air cargo flights.
- Air charter.
- Air racing.
- Air shows.
How safe is general aviation?
How dangerous is flying? There are 16 fatal accidents per million hours of general aviation. It is fairly safe to assume that when a plane crashes and someone dies, everyone on board dies. By contrast, the death rate for automobile driving is roughly 1.7 deaths per 100 million vehicle-miles.
What is the largest segment of general aviation?
Business aviation, which is generally defined as the use of any GA aircraft for a business purpose, is the largest of GA/AW activities. | <urn:uuid:96ef64d5-e2fd-401d-83cc-1b28cd9b5eee> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cornerstonefbo.com/interesting-fact-about-aviation/faq-how-much-does-general-aviation-contribute-to-the-economy.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00477.warc.gz | en | 0.923536 | 1,090 | 2.515625 | 3 |
New Member Promotion >>> Save $15 and get a SHRM tote!
Giving applicants with criminal backgrounds a fair chance at employment can be good for business.
Plus all the HR resources you need to be more efficient and effective this fall!
Apply for the SHRM Certification Exam and begin advancing your career.
Learn how to make the business case for diversity, October 25-27.
Leveraging the continent’s growing working-age youth population, proactively engaging with large emerging economies such as India and China, and quashing myths about local industry are top priorities for Africa in 2014, according to experts.
The private sector has been growing across Africa, but not enough to keep pace with sub-Saharan Africa’s working-age population, which is projected to increase by 14 million people in 2014, leaving many workers stranded in an increasingly difficult labor market, according to John W. McArthur, a visiting fellow at Brookings.
“African policymakers should make the creation and implementation of strategies to improve employment outcomes for its enormous youth cohorts a major priority in 2014,” he said. “As a general rule, successful approaches will include people-centric investments that help match vocational skills to the jobs of the future.” These include efforts to ease access to startup capital, to promote business growth and, in some cases, to launch labor-intensive government projects, McArthur said.
He provided several examples of macro investment measures aimed at boosting:
Engaging with New Partners
Over the past 20 years emerging economies, such as Brazil, China, India and Russia, have ratcheted up trade, investment, and other types of commercial and strategic relations with Africa, significantly reducing the relative importance of traditional partnerships with the U.S. and Western Europe to Africa’s development agenda.
Developing partnerships have included trade and foreign direct investment in various sectors of several African economies, particularly natural resource exploitation, manufacturing, agriculture and construction. “Although these emerging partnerships have been very supportive of development efforts in African countries, there is concern that some of these new arrangements could actually be exploitative—in other words, they may not be mutually beneficial,” cautioned Mwangi Kimenyi, senior fellow and director of Brookings’ Africa Growth Initiative. “There are also many risks and challenges that come with these partnerships; in fact, if the challenges are not properly managed, the outcome could be exploitation and underdevelopment.”
According to Kimenyi, in recent years there has been a marked increase in foreign direct investment flows from emerging economies, indicating the growing importance of the continent to the global economy. Extractive industries, especially oil and natural gas, remain the most important for investments from both traditional and emerging partners, he said.
There has been an increased interest in land-for-agriculture deals, as well. “India and China are among the top 10 countries investing in the agricultural sectors of many African countries,” Kimenyi said, “and companies from both countries have significant investments in biofuels, soy and timber production at various stages of completion.”
He urged African leaders to understand the potential “negatives of Africa’s engagement with external actors”—traditional and emerging—and to demand clear strategies to confront them. “It is incumbent upon African policymakers and members of civil society to ensure that any engagement with external actors yields maximum possible benefits to the citizens of their countries.” He suggested actions including more openness and transparency in negotiations and contracting, especially in the natural resources sectors, as well as “significantly improving regulatory frameworks” to minimize activities that “degrade the environment, reduce opportunities for job creation and generally inhibit economic growth.”
There are numerous misconceptions about Africa, chiefly that the continent is too dangerous or unstable to invest in. Brookings Senior Fellow John Page addressed myths surrounding African industrial development. These are:
Steps that African nations should take in 2014 to boost their industrial output include investing in infrastructure; educating Africa’s young people, to increase the continent’s global competitiveness; and shifting support to businesses that are succeeding, instead of prioritizing all small and midsize enterprises. “Policies and programs that reduce constraints to the growth of all firms, regardless of size, must be developed,” Page said.
Roy Maurer is an online editor/manager for SHRM.
Follow him at
Global HR page
Keep up with the latest
Global HR news
You have successfully saved this page as a bookmark.
Please confirm that you want to proceed with deleting bookmark.
You have successfully removed bookmark.
Please log in as a SHRM member before saving bookmarks.
Your session has expired. Please log in again before saving bookmarks.
Please purchase a SHRM membership before saving bookmarks.
An error has occurred
Recommended for you
CA Resources at Your Fingertips
SHRM’s HR Vendor Directory contains over 3,200 companies | <urn:uuid:bb98eaee-e1f0-4b5c-af66-b6214faff5a8> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://shrm.org/ResourcesAndTools/hr-topics/global-hr/Pages/Priorities-Africa-2014.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720153.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00323-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.948476 | 1,028 | 1.96875 | 2 |
Why you must be the cheapest photographer in town in order to be successful
You want to make a living in photography and have long-term success as a photographer. There’s nothing more satisfying than being able to use your camera to put food on the table and to put your kids through school. There’s nothing more satisfying than being able to use your camera as a means to buy your next car, your next house, as a way to pay for your next vacation, your next 10 vacations, and eventually, as a means to retire on.
Living your life and supporting your family all while doing something you love … that’s the dream!
What if there was a way to greatly increase your chances of reaching success?
What if I told you that the best way to make a living from photography and create a sustainable photography business was to be a great “deal” for your clients? What if I said that if you want to make the most amount of money from photography, then you must be the cheapest photographer in town?
Seems like a contradiction, doesn’t it? Well, it isn’t what you might think.
What being “cheap” really means …
Let’s dive in a bit and look at what the word “cheap” really means. Two synonyms for the word “cheap” are “reasonable” and “worth the money”, and furthermore, if you look on Dictionary.com, the word “cheap” is partially defined as being relatively low in price.
Interesting … relative to what? Well, relative to the value received for the price paid.
Therefore, we can re-define cheap in this context, and say that “cheap” means to be low in price, in relation to the value received.
If value is what you get, and price is what you give, then it’s clear to see now why you must be the cheapest photographer in town.
Value is what you get. Price is what you give.
This is a big part of what I call the “Get-Give Principle”, which I'll explain a moment. First, let me quickly give you an example of this in the real-world.
Would you give me a quarter for two dimes?
If I walked up to you on the street and said “Here’s two dimes, can you give me a quarter?”, what would you say to me? You’d probably tell me to go take a hike, right? But what if I said “Here’s a $5 bill, can you give me 2 quarters?”, you’d probably be reaching into your pocket pretty quickly, wouldn't you?
Start for free, 21 days on us!
Sprout Studio is made by photographers, for photographers. Start making a living doing what you love today.
Why? Because in the first example, what you're giving is of greater value than what you're getting. In the second, it is the opposite.
This is what I call the “Get-Give Principle” at play.
The “Get-Give Principle” for a buying decision is as follows:
When what you’re getting is of greater value than what you’re giving, then it’s desirable (a great deal) for you.
When what you’re getting is of lower value than what you’re giving, then it’s undesirable (not worth it) for you.
Your clients will be using the “Get-Give Principle”, and so you must structure your photography business to follow it.
This simply means that you must be giving greater value than the prices you are charging. When you do, you are seen as desirable, or a good deal. Using our definition above, that means you're “cheap” because your price is low in relation to the value you're giving.
The reverse is true too, though. When you ask for more money than the value you’re giving, you are seen as undesirable, or expensive.
You see? Expensive and cheap are both just a relative term, where the price is constantly (often subconsciously) compared to the value to appropriately place it on the “Value vs Price Scale” below.
So, my opening statement is true. You should be “cheap” … relatively speaking. Your value should be greater than your price.
How you can build up your value as a photographer
Understanding this principle may be common sense to some, but it is a very important concept to be aware of, and you must make use of it intentionally. How can you increase the value that you are giving to our clients, then? I believe that there are 3 core areas of influence:
I’ve spoken about this before, in an article about how to guarantee customer loyalty, which you should read if you'd like to see another perspective on it.
Increasing the value of your product means many things, such as being a better photographer, offering higher-quality imagery and providing premium physical products to your clients.
Increasing the value of your service means improving turnaround time, offering a highly refined customer experience and continually delivering delight and surprise.
Increasing the value of your personality means learning to be the best version of yourself. The “self-help” shelves are jam-packed with great advice, and that’s certainly a great place to start. A few books I’ve personally found helpful and useful with regards to self-improvement are:
- How to Win Friends and Influence People by Dale Carnegie
- The Likeability Factor by Tim Sanders
- Love is the Killer App also by Tim Sanders
- How the World Sees You by Sally Hogshead (listen to her interview on the podcast here)
It's not enough to just understand your own value
Wait though … because simply increasing your value in these 3 areas isn’t enough by itself. You might know that your value is high, but you must communicate that to your clients. Your client has to believe it, and they must see your value, too. Because remember, it’s your client who is doing the price vs value comparison, so they need to personally assign a perceived value to what they’re receiving from you.
How can you communicate these benefits and value propositions? How can you effectively show to your client that you are of a high value? There are many ways, but first, it’s important to get entirely clear, yourself. In fact, it's mandatory.
Once you know and understand every detail as to why your value is high, only then will you be able to communicate that effectively to your clients.
So, to identify this, you must ask yourself:
- What do I bring uniquely to the table?
- What makes me different?
- Where in the categories of product, service and personality do I shine?
- Why should my client care about these benefits? What's in it for them?
Once you have taken time to establish your value proposition, then you can communicate that through samples, testimonials and stories to your clients.
Both the value and price side of the “Value vs Price Scale” are a series of building blocks, stacked on top of each other. Luckily, the price side doesn’t change, because you establish your prices to be fixed. This is good though, because it means that the price side is static, whereas the value side is dynamic, meaning that it can move up or down (hopefully the former). Therefore, we can use building-blocks to increase the value side of the equation to outweigh the price side.
[followup button_value = “Show me how to create a value proposition”]
Redefining what “cheap” really means
I'm not advocating for you to be “cheap” in the negative way you might initially think. I'm advocating for you to be the cheapest photographer in the new way, as I've defined it above; deliver massively more value than the prices you are charging. Be a good deal for your clients. This is the sure path to increased bookings, increased conversion rate, and a successful, sustainable photography business. | <urn:uuid:b51a5f37-b467-4018-95ad-76ab3711c35a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://getsproutstudio.com/must-cheapest-photographer-town-order-successful/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571502.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811194507-20220811224507-00070.warc.gz | en | 0.962207 | 1,762 | 1.632813 | 2 |
Flower Turbines’ tulip design offers a unique combination of beauty & power. We provide renewable energy solutions to reduce greenhouse gases.
Safe for Wildlife
Making Small Wind Turbines a Global Force
Flower Turbines aims to power businesses, cities, and homes near the point of use by continually working to achieve aerodynamic distributed energy solutions for all. Click below to find out how to purchase.
Our turbines produce clean energy from any direction in a quiet and beautiful way, allowing people to live and work next to them. This is the wind turbine you’re proud to own.
Click below to find out which products are best for you.
Flower Turbines introduces innovations that change preconceptions about small vertical axis wind turbines and their role in the global transition to clean energy. Our patented technologies enable us to fill a large and unique role in the distributed energy field. | <urn:uuid:aaf40e62-0217-4d32-8d2e-4e1b7560fb57> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://flowerturbines.com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00077.warc.gz | en | 0.886702 | 197 | 1.65625 | 2 |
DID YOU KNOW...
One in every five people in the world is Chinese.
1. which activity burns more calories in an hour, tennis or rowing?
2. which country is credited with originating the game of parcheesi?
3. what year was it when berry gordy borrowed $800 to start motown records?
4. on average, how cold is the coldest place in our solar system Neptune's moon, triton) ?
5. about half the peanuts grown in the USA come from which state?
6. trick question;
where is the only place where our flag flies at full staff 24 hours a day, but is never saluted?
7. name the steamed mexican dish served in a corn husk.
8. in which state was the first public museum in the USA established, (in 1773)?
TRUTH OR CRAP ??
clint eastwood wrote many of the scores for his movies.
4. -340 degrees
6. the moon
8. south carolina
eastwood wrote scores for movies such as "mystic river", "the bridges of madison
county", "absolute power", and "million dollar baby", among others. and you can catch
him singing lead vocals on the johnny mercer song, "accentuate the positive" on the
soundtrack of his movie, "midnight in the garden of good and evil".
he began his professional music career in 1961 with a single called "unknown girl". two
more singles followed in the next three years, as well as the release of an LP titled
"rawhide's clint eastwood sings cowboy favorites".
Walk with the person who's searching for truth........ run from the person who says they've found it ! | <urn:uuid:8e6fde26-3b3f-40ef-9ca8-4dbd1e385079> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.discusscooking.com/forums/f26/trivia-8-26-a-59880.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285315.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00569-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.95269 | 373 | 1.742188 | 2 |
Written By Admin on Saturday, July 2, 2016 | 3:21:00 AM
People don’t have a habit of drinking vegetable juice and that is a huge mistake .Fresh juices contain much larger amount nutrients and vitamins than bought ones.Carrot juice is a rich source of necessary nutrients and minerals . It helps treat and prevent diseases and helps improve our vision, skin, hair, nail etc. Drinking carrot juice daily is a habit that everyone should start. It is both healthy and tasty as well. | <urn:uuid:d8a7b00d-28c7-4a9f-89d7-bfa8ae5f98e7> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.thescienceofearth.com/2016/07/carrot-juice-reasons-to-drink-it-every.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279489.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00008-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.944802 | 103 | 1.554688 | 2 |
You are not currently logged in.
Access your personal account or get JSTOR access through your library or other institution:
On the Feasibility of Scheduling Lot Sizes for Two Products on One Machine
R. R. Vemuganti
Vol. 24, No. 15 (Nov., 1978), pp. 1668-1673
Published by: INFORMS
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2630682
Page Count: 6
Preview not available
We are concerned with scheduling several products that require procesing on a single machine. Routine application of the economic lot size formula to each product separately, often yields an infeasible schedule in the sense that there are times when it specifies simultaneous production of two or more products. Feasibility is guaranteed if a common cycle length (and thus equal set-ups per year per product) is chosen. However it is possible to find schedules by allowing variations in the number of set-ups among the products which cost less than the cost of the common cycle length schedule. In this paper we present a necessary and sufficient condition for the feasibility of scheduling two products, when the number of set-ups for each product are given. Also a method of constructing the schedules is discussed.
Management Science © 1978 INFORMS | <urn:uuid:5d92303a-0050-4ed1-b99d-ce252e021a53> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.jstor.org/stable/2630682 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719215.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00199-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.876463 | 272 | 1.882813 | 2 |
Go to the main menu
Skip to content
Go to bottom
REFERENCE LINKING PLATFORM OF KOREA S&T JOURNALS
> Journal Vol & Issue
Korean journal of food and cookery science
Journal Basic Information
Journal DOI :
Korean Society of Food and Cookery Science
Editor in Chief :
Volume & Issues
Volume 24, Issue 6 - Dec 2008
Volume 24, Issue 5 - Oct 2008
Volume 24, Issue 4 - Aug 2008
Volume 24, Issue 3 - Jun 2008
Volume 24, Issue 2 - Apr 2008
Volume 24, Issue 1 - Feb 2008
Selecting the target year
Quality Characteristics of Noodles Containing Pleurotus eryngii
Sung, Song-Yi ; Kim, Mi-Hyun ; Kang, Mi-Young ;
Korean journal of food and cookery science , volume 24, issue 4, 2008, Pages 405~411
This study examined the quality characteristics of noodles prepared with Pleurotus (P.) eryngii paste. Different ratios of P. eryngii paste were added to wheat flour(15%, 30%, and 45%) in the noodle formation. Then, the noodles were evaluated in terms of their cooking, color, texture properties, and sensory properties. The weight and water absorption of the cooked noodles increased with increasing P. eryngii paste content, but the turbidity of cooking water decreased. According to texture profile analyses both the cooked and uncooked and cooked noodles had significant increases in springiness and cohesiveness with the addition of P. eryngii paste. And when compared to the control, hardness and gumminess were significantly lower in the samples containing P. eryngii paste. The lightness, redness, and yellowness of the cooked and uncooked noodles increased with increasing with increasing P. eryngii paste content. Finally sensory evaluation results indicated that the noddles containing 30% and 45% P. eryngii paste had higher quality as compared to the other samples. Overall the results suggest that P. eryngii paste is effective for improving the texture and quality of noodles.
Quality Characteristics of Sulgidduk with Tomato Powder
Kim, Mun-Yong ; Chun, Soon-Sil ;
Korean journal of food and cookery science , volume 24, issue 4, 2008, Pages 412~418
In this study, Sulgidduk samples were prepared with substitutions of 1, 2, 3, and 4% tomato powder, along with a control, and were then analyzed for quality characteristics such as moisture content, water activity, color, textural characteristics, and sensory qualities, in order to determine the optimal ratio of tomato powder in the formulation. According to the results, moisture content and water activity were not significantly different among the Sulgidduk samples. In terms of color, as the level of tomato powder content increased, lightness decreased, while the a-value (+redness/-greenness), and yellowness increased. For the textural characteristics, the samples showed significant differences for hardness, adhesiveness, and gumminess, while fracturability was not significantly different. In addition, the samples containing tomato powder presented significantly higher springiness, cohesiveness(except the 1% substitution level), chewiness, and resilience than the control group. In the sensory evaluation, the control group had significantly higher scores for color and flavor as compared to the tomato powder samples. Furthermore, flavor and overall acceptability decreased, while tomato flavor, sourness, and off-flavor increased with increasing tomato powder content. Sweetness and after-taste were not significantly different among the samples. In conclusion, the results indicate that substituting 2
3% tomato powder in Sulgidduk is optimal for quality, and provides a product with reasonably high overall acceptability.
A Literature Review on Tteoks, Korean Rice Cakes Prior to the 17th Century
Won, Sun-Im ; Cho, Shin-Ho ; Chung, Rak-Won ; Choi, Young-Jin ; Kim, Eun-Mi ; Cha, Gyung-Hee ; Kim, Hyun-Sook ; Lee, Hyo-Gee ;
Korean journal of food and cookery science , volume 24, issue 4, 2008, Pages 419~430
The purpose of this study was to investigate the kinds of Tteoks along with their recipes and ingredients occurring in Korean literature published before the 17th century. The reviewed sources included "Sangayorock", "Sasichanyocho", "Soowonjabbang", "Yongjechongwha", "Dongyoebogam", "Domoondaejak", "Geebongyouseul", "New-Guwhangchalyo", "Eumshickdimibang", "Joobangmoon", and "Yorock". Various types Tteoks could be classified into sic groups depending on their cooking methods as follows 23 kinds of Jjjin-tteoks, 8 kinds of Chin-tteoks, 24 kinds of Jijin-tteoks, 6 kinds of Salmeun-tteoks, 4 kinds of Guun-tteoks and 8 other types of tteoks. Within this paper, Tteok recipes and cooking characteristics are discussed and their ingredients, terminology and preparation utensils are reviewed. However some of the Tteok recipes are presently gone or have changed. From this study, we anticipate the development of useful recipes for those who are concerned about health and who seek longevity, and thereby to also advance the culture of Korean rice cakes.
Quality Characteristics of Sulgitteok Added with Lotus Root Powder
Yoon, Sook-Ja ; Choi, Bong-Soon ;
Korean journal of food and cookery science , volume 24, issue 4, 2008, Pages 431~438
This study examined the quality characteristics of Sulgitteok samples prepared with different ratios of lotus root powder over 4 days of storage. The moisture contents of the lotus root powder-containing samples ranged from 35.39 to 37.31% and that of the Sulgitteok without lotus root powder control was 35.92%. The results showed that the various samples had the inconsistent changes during the storage period. As the content of lotus root powder increased, the L-values of samples decreased and the a- and b-values increased. However, their L-, a- and b-values did not show large differences with storage. When compared to the control, the hardness, gumminess, and chewiness of samples slowly increased as the amount of lotus root powder increased. Springiness and cohesiveness decreased according to the amount of added lotus root powder. And increasing amounts of lotus root powder and storage time resulted in greater reductions in adhesiveness. In addition, increasing storage time caused cohesiveness to decrease and springiness to increase. The sensory evaluation results showed that the 20% lotus root Sulgitteok received the highest scores, therefore, this samples was deemed superior.
Quality Characteristics of Soybean Curd prepared with the Addition of Yellow Paprika Juice
Park, Bock-Hee ; Jeon, Eun-Raye ;
Korean journal of food and cookery science , volume 24, issue 4, 2008, Pages 439~444
This study examined the quality characteristics of soybean curd prepared with the addition of yellow paprika juice. The yield rate, pH, and
, L, a, and b values of the yellow paprika juice were 80.56
0.24, and 26.28
0.27, respectively, and its moisture, crude ash, carbohydrate, crude protein, crude lipid, vitamin A, and vitamin C contents were 93.08 g, 0.40 g, 4.95 g, 0.85 g, 0.02 g, 25.26 IU, and 115.08 mg, respectively. The yield rate of the soybean curd did not differ significantly according to the level of added yellow paprika juice, however, there was a significant decrease in pH and a significant increase in acidity. The
and b values of the soybean curd increased as the amount of yellow paprika juice in the formulation increased, whereas the L and a values decreased. Furthermore, hardness significantly increased as the level of yellow paprika juice increased. In terms of overall acceptability, the preferred soybean curd samples were the control and that containing 10% yellow paprika juice.
Inhibitory Effects of Chlorine Dioxide and a Commercial Chlorine Sanitizer Against Foodborne Pathogens on Lettuce
Choi, Mi-Ran ; Lee, Sun-Young ;
Korean journal of food and cookery science , volume 24, issue 4, 2008, Pages 445~451
This study compared the effects of chlorine dioxide and a commercial chlorine sanitizer for inhibiting foodborne pathogens, including Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli O157 : H7, on lettuce leaves. The lettuce samples were inoculated with each cocktail of the three strains, and were then treated with chemical sanitizers [distilled water, 100 ppm commercial chlorine and 50 ppm, 100 ppm, 200 ppm chlorine dioxide (
)] for 1 min, 5 min, and 10 min at room temperature(
). Following inoculation of the leaves, initial populations of E. coli O157:H7, L. monocytogenes, and S. Typhimurium were approximately 5.54, 4.47, and 5.12 log CFU/g, respectively these levels were not significantly reduced by the treatment with water,whereas the 100 ppm commercial chlorine sanitizer treatment and
(at all tested concentrations) were effective at reducing levels of all three pathogens. The treatment of 200 ppm
for 10 min was most effective at inhibiting the three pathogens, and reduction levels of E. coli O157 : H7, L. monocytogenes, and S. Typhimurium were 2.28, 1.95, 1.76 log, respectively. The inhibitory effect of
increased with increasing treatment concentration of
, but there was no significant difference by the treatment times. When chemically injured cells of E. coli O157 : H7 and L. monocytogenes and S. Typhimurium were examined by SPRAB and selective overlay methods, respectively, it was observed that the commercial chlorine sanitizer generated greater numbers of injured L. monocytogenes than the
treatment. From the overall results,
was more effective at inhibiting pathogenic bacteria compared to the commercial chlorine sanitizer therefore, it has potential to be utilized as an alternative sanitizer to increase the microbial safety of fresh produce.
The Oxidative Stability of Solvent Extracts of Sea Tangle Powder(STP)and Maejakgwa Made with STP
Park, Bock-Hee ; Cho, Hee-Sook ; Kim, Kyung-Hee ; Kim, Sun-Sook ; Kim, Hyun-A ;
Korean journal of food and cookery science , volume 24, issue 4, 2008, Pages 452~459
The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidative effects of Sea tangle powder(STP) solvent extracts as well as Maejakgwa made with STP. The STP solvent extracts were added to soybean oil at a quantity of 0.05%. The solvents used for extraction were methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, and petroleum ether. Soybean oil without added STP was used as a negative control, and soybean oil samples containing 0.02% butylated hydroxy toluene(BHT) and
-tocopherol were used as positive control, respectively. Each sample was stored at
for 30 days. The oxidation levels of these samples were determined by measuring their acid values, peroxide values, and thiobarbituric acid(TBA) values. The soybean oil samples containing the STP extracts had lower oxidation levels than both the negative control and
-tocopherol positive control, and the sample containing the 0.05% methanol extracts had the lowest oxidation. According to the Rancimat method, the methanol extract(320 min) and ethanol extract(316 min) demonstrated longer induction periods as, compared to the control(253 min),
-tocopherol(255 min), and BHT(309 min) samples. For the Maejakgwa, acid values increased over the storage period, however, the samples made with STP had lower values than the control group. Peroxide values increased rapidly for 30 days and then decreased. The TBA values of the Maejakgwa samples made with 3% and 9% STP were lower than those of the 15% STP sample and the control. In conclusion, the oxidative stability of soybean oil containing solvent extracts of STP and Maejakgwa made with STP were increased.
Preparation of Citron Peel Tea Containing Yuza(Citrus junos Seib ex TANAKA) and Its Antioxidant Characteristics
Ji, Eun-Jung ; Yoo, Kyung-Mi ; Park, Jae-Book ; Hwang, In-Kyeong ;
Korean journal of food and cookery science , volume 24, issue 4, 2008, Pages 460~465
The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant properties and sensory qualities of citron peel tea, and to determine the optimum ratio of citron peel powder for its preparation. Yuza peel powders were prepared with citron peel tea at weight 2 and 3 g, respectively. Then, color values(L-value, redness, and yellowness), total phenol content, total antioxidant activity, DPPH radical scavenging activity, and sensory characteristics were measured in the tea samples. The pH of the citron peel tea decreased with increasing preparation temperature. And as the amount of citron peel powder increased, total phenol content, antioxidant capacity, and radical scavenging activity increased. The level of total phenolics in the tea had a higher correlation with total antioxidant capacity(
= 0.731). Depending on the level of added yuza powder, significant differences(p < 0.05) were shown for aroma, color, and overall acceptability however, there were no significant differences in sourness and bitterness.
Effect of Hot Air Dried Kimchi Powder on the Quality Characteristics of Pork Patties
Lee, Mi-Ai ; Han, Doo-Jeong ; Choi, Ji-Hun ; Choi, Yun-Sang ; Kim, Hack-Youn ; Choe, Ju-Hui ; Jeong, Jong-Youn ; Kim, Cheon-Jei ;
Korean journal of food and cookery science , volume 24, issue 4, 2008, Pages 466~472
This study examined the quality characteristics of pork patty samples by the addition of hot air-dried Kimchi powder at levels of 0, 1, 2, and 3%(w/w) to the formulation. The CIE
-values of the raw patties decreased with increasing Kimchi powder content(p<0.05), whereas the CIE
-values of samples increased with increasing Kimchi powder content(p<0.05); however, after cooking, there were no significant differences in
-values among the treatments (p>0.05). Due to the acidity of the Kimchi powder, the treatment groups showed reductions in pH; but after cooking, pH had increased(p<0.05). The patties containing Kimchi powder also had decrease cooking losses and reduction of patty diameter(p<0.05). Finally, the results of sensory and texture property analyses indicated that higher overall acceptability and springiness, lower hardness, were attained by the addition of Kimchi powder.
Quality Characteristics of Muffins with Different Fat and Methods
Jung, Kyong-Im ; Shin, Eun-Soo ; Kim, Sang-Ae ;
Korean journal of food and cookery science , volume 24, issue 4, 2008, Pages 473~479
The principal objective of this study was to evaluate the sensory properties and physical characteristics of muffins produced using different fats(butter, grape seed oil) and mixing methods(Creaming method, Foam method, Single-stage method). The muffins weighed between
g and were
cm in height. In a texture analyzer test, muffins prepared via the single-stage method with butter evidenced the highest hardness, gumminess, and chewiness values among the five kinds of muffin prepared in these experiments. The springiness value was highest in the muffin prepared via the foam method with grape seed oil. In the sensory evaluation, we detected no significant differences among the muffins in terms of flavor(
), softness (
), and overall acceptability (
). In the chemical composition analysis, moisture and crude protein contents were found to be higher in the control group(p<0.05) than in the muffin prepared via the foam method with grape seed oil(p<0.01). We noted no significant differences among the muffins in terms of crude lipids or crude ash content.
Effects of Coating Syrup with Water-Soluble Extracts of Gugija(Lycii fructus) on the Quality Characteristics of Yukwa
Lee, Kyong-Ae ;
Korean journal of food and cookery science , volume 24, issue 4, 2008, Pages 480~486
In this study, Yukwa(YU-G) was prepared by coating in syrup with water-soluble extracts of Gugija(Lycii fructus). The Yukwa samples were stored with PE film packing with air for 12 weeks at room temperature, after which the quality and shelf-life of the Yukwa were assessed. During storage, the moisture contents of YU-G were higher than those of the Yukwa due to being coated in syrup without water-soluble extracts of Gugija(YU-NG), whereas the instrumental textural hardness values of the YU-G were lower than those of the YU-NG. Color determination indicated that YU-NG and YU-G assumed a darker color after storage, becoming both redder and yellower. The peroxide and acid values increased abruptly in the YU-NG during storage, but increased slowly in the YU-G. During the 12 weeks of storage after preparation, the peroxide and acid values of YU-G remained at less than 40 meq/kg and 4 KOH mg/g, respectively. Thus, the experimental method of syrup coating with water-soluble extracts of Gugija rendered the YU-G fairly stable against fat rancidity. The YU-G evidenced generally higher overall acceptability than YU-NG when stored.
The Effects of Added Barley(Hordeum vulgare L.) Sprout Powder on the Quality and Preservation of Sulgidduk
Park, Hae-Youn ; Kim, Bok-Wha ; Jang, Myung-Sook ;
Korean journal of food and cookery science , volume 24, issue 4, 2008, Pages 487~493
This study examined barley sprout powder on the quality and preservation of Sulgidduk. An optimized formulation (moisture 18.2%, barley sprout powder 2.0% and sugar 14.8%) was first obtained, and then the affect if incorporating the barley sprout powder as a raw ingredients in the mixture was evaluated in terms of Sulgidduk shelf life and quality. For comparison, a control Sulgidduk sample was prepared using the optimized formulation exclusive of the barley sprout powder. After preparation the samples were stored for 3 days at
. The moisture contents of both samples slightly decreased during storage: however there was no significant difference between the samples. Both samples had decreases in colorimetric L- and a-value attributable to the addition of the barley sprout powder as well as storage. Furthermore the treatment sample had increases in yellowness due to the addition of barley sprout powder and storage while the control sample had decreases in yellowness throughout the storage period. The treatment sample had increasing textural hardness, gumminess, and chewiness as the storage period increased. Finally, the treatment sample had a higher total microbial count for aerobes at the beginning of storage: however, as the storage period progressed the control had greater microbial levels. In conclusion the overall results indicate the addition of barley sprout powder has a preservaion effect on Sulgidduk. This data is expected to contribute to the commercialization of high-quality Sulgidduk products with added nutrition and extended shelf life.
Quality Characteristics of Sprouted Brown Rice Dasik with Yujacheong Added
Lee, Young-Sook ; Kim, Ae-Jung ; Rho, Jeong-Ok ;
Korean journal of food and cookery science , volume 24, issue 4, 2008, Pages 494~500
The principal objective of this study was to assess the quality characteristics of Sprouted Brown Rice Dasik(SBRD) manufactured with various addition levels of honey and Yujacheong(Yuja syrup and Yuja sarcocarp) in accordance with the traditional method for the preparation of Korean Dasik(a kind of cookie). The nutritional components, color value, physical tests, volatile compounds, and sensory evaluation of SBRD to which Yujacheong was added were conducted. The results were summarized as follows. In SBRD to which Yujacheong had been added, the moisture contents and crude fat content did not differ significantly among the sample groups, and the contents of crude protein and crude ash increased with increasing additions of Yuja syrup and Yuja sarcocarp. The pH(p<0.001) and sweetness(p<0.001) were significantly higher in sample D1 than in samples D2 and D4. The L color value was highest in D2, the a value was highest in D3, and the b value was highest in sample D2. The texture property analysis showed that the cohesiveness, springiness, gumminess, and chewiness of SBRD to which Yujacheong was added were all significantly higher compared to sample D1. According to the results of our volatile analysis, the D1 and other experimental groups evidenced different flavors and antibacterial compositions. According to the results of our sensory evaluation, the appearance of the D1 sample was superior to the other samples. However, flavor, taste, texture, and overall preference were higher in the samples to which Yuja syrup and Yuja sarcocarp were added. These results indicate that SBRD to which Yujacheong was added, and particularly those to which Yuja syrup was added, is superior to Dasik prepared with honey in terms of flavor and taste, and this method will improve the flavor and preparation time, due to its lower pH.
Quality Characteristics of Sulgidduk Added with Fresh Sweet Potato
Oh, Hyun-Eui ; Hong, Jin-Sook ;
Korean journal of food and cookery science , volume 24, issue 4, 2008, Pages 501~510
In this study, we evaluated the quality characteristics of sweet potato Sulgidduk produced with varying amounts of fresh sweet potato, after three days of storage. The more fresh sweet potato was added, the higher were the levels of crude protein and crude lipid; however, crude ash contents were lowest in the control sample, and no significant differences in this value were detected among the samples to which fresh sweet potatoes were added. Moisture contents evidenced a tendency to decrease with increases in the amount of added fresh sweet potato and increased storage time, but pH rose with increases in the amount of added sweet potato. Total cell counts showed a tendency toward decrease with increases in the amount of added fresh sweet potato. L values tended to be low with increases in the amount of added fresh sweet potato and a values were lowest immediately after its production, although no consistent tendencies were noted in correlation with the amount of added fresh sweet potato. b values tended to increase directly with the amount of added sweet potato . With increasing storage time, the L and a values decreased, whereas the b value tended to increase. Upon textural assessment, it was observed that hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, gumminess, and chewiness(all textural components except for cohesiveness) increased with increasing quantities of added fresh sweet potato, and these factors also tended to increase with the progression of storage time. After observation via scanning electron microscopy(SEM), it was noted that the cohesiveness also increased with increasing amounts of added sweet potato. With regard to the sensory evaluation, the samples to which 15% fresh sweet potato had been added evidenced the highest acceptability in terms of color, flavor, and s0weetness, and softness and moistness in these samples decreased with increasing percentages of added sweet potato. It has been previously demonstrated that the addition of 15% fresh sweet potato resulted in optimal overall acceptability. In accordance with the aforementioned results, it has been verified that the use of fresh sweet potato in Sulgidduk is possible and probably desirable, and an addition of 15% sweet potato appears to be the optimal approach in terms of overall quality and functionality.
Rheological Properties of Composite Flour and Dough with Concentrated Sweet Pumpkin Powder
Lee, Chan-Ho ; Kim, Mun-Yong ; Chun, Soon-Sil ;
Korean journal of food and cookery science , volume 24, issue 4, 2008, Pages 511~516
In this study, composite flour and dough were prepared with concentrated sweet pumpkin powder(CSPP) at varying concentrations of 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15%. The samples and a control were then compared with regards to quality characteristics, including moisture, protein, and ash contents, farinogram characteristics, amylogram characteristics, and falling number of flour and extensogram characteristics of dough, in an effort to determine the optimal ratio of CSPP in the formulation. As the CSPP content increased, the moisture and protein contents of the flour increased, whereas the ash contents decreased. With regard to the farinogram characteristics of flour, water absorption, development time, and stability decreased with increasing CSPP content, while weakness increased. The control group evidenced a significantly higher beginning temperature of gelatinization as compared to the CSPP samples. The temperature of maximum viscosity, maximum viscosity, and falling number of flour decreased with increasing CSPP content. With regard to the extensogram characteristics of dough, extensibility decreased with increasing testing time and CSPP content, whereas resistance, maximum resistance, and R/E ratio increased. In conclusion, these results show that
CSPP may prove very useful as a substitute for wheat flour in the production of hardroll bread, and may provide good nutritional and functional properties.
Studies on the Manufacturing and Fermentation Characteristics of Soy-Sauce-Kimchi
Kim, Eun-Jung ; Hahn, Young-Sook ;
Korean journal of food and cookery science , volume 24, issue 4, 2008, Pages 517~524
This study made Soy-Sauce-Kimchi and investigated its pH, acidity, microorganism, salinity, chromaticity, viscosity and taste to revive traditional Soy-Sauce-Kimchi using Soy-Sauce instead of salt and to report its fermentation characteristics. As one of studies on traditional Kimchi, it tried for practical use of traditional Soy-Sauce-Kimchi which had been eaten in the middle region of Korea, especially in Seoul but currently has been prepared by only a few people and has disappeared gradually. According to the results of this study, among three groups of Soy-Sauce-Kimchi-I(s1), Soy- Sauce-Kimchi-II(s2) added by 2.5% sucrose and the control group(C), acidity of s2 was sharply increased after 24 hours and 72 hours at
respectively and there was few difference in salinity by temperature. In the case of s2 group, addition of 2.5% sucrose was considered to lead to increase of salinity. For chromaticity, while the L value and b value became larger after 48 hours, the a value tended to decline. Viscosity of s2 grew after 24 hours at all of
and that was thought to be because propagation of bacteria such as Leuconostoc mesenteriodes following addition of 2.5% sucrose secreted dextransucrose so sucrose was transferred into dextran to increase viscosity. The total number of microorganisms was recorded to be largest after 48, 36 and 72 hours at
respectively and the number of lactic acid bacteria was the largest at
after 72 hours compared to those at other temperatures. That was considered to be because microorganisms such as Leuconostoc mesenteriodes are psychrotropic lactic acid bacteria. For sensory evaluation, all appearance, chromaticity and odor of C were higher by
points than those of s1 and s2(p < 0.001) and their feel also showed a similar tendency(p < 0.05). Considering the results of sensory evaluation, more researches were needed to overcome difference of taste for Soy-Sauce-Kimchi according to age due to characteristic flavor and smell of soy-source.
A Survey of Dining-out Behaviors and Menu Preferences of University Students in the Seoul Area
Kim, Mee-Jeong ;
Korean journal of food and cookery science , volume 24, issue 4, 2008, Pages 525~535
This survey was conducted to assess dining-out behaviors and menu preferences of university students in the Seoul area. The results were as follows: 1. 65.2% ate out rarely for breakfast and 73.1% ate out frequently for lunch, whereas 20.9% occasionally ate out for lunch. The frequency of dining out for breakfast was influenced by age, gender, and major but the frequency of dining out for lunch was significantly correlated with age(P < 0.01). 79.2% of females dined out frequently, but 62.3% of males reported doing so(P < 0.001). 65.2% ate out frequently for dinner and 31.6% did so occasionally. 34.2% dined out frequently for snacks, and 53.5% did so occasionally. 2. Factors to consider in dining out were as follows: taste > preference > price > persuasion > nutrition. The motivations for dining out were as follows: convenience > favorite food > difficult to prepare lunch box > difficult to carry lunch box > habit. This factor was correlated significantly with age(P < 0.05) and residence type(P < 0.001). Problems with dining out were listed as follows: unbalanced nutrition > price > sanitation > variety of menu > taste. This factor was correlated significantly with age(P < 0.05), alcoholic beverage use(P < 0.01) and smoking(P < 0.01). 3. Foods selected for meals when dining out were as follows: Korean style > Western > Japanese > noodles > Chinese. The expense(in won) of dining out for lunch was as follows: 3,000
5,000 > 2,000
3,000 > over 5,000 > under 2000. Problems to be corrected in Korean-style food were as follows: variety of menu > price > using personal dish. 4. Korean foods preferred in each cooking style when dining out were as follows: beef rib > kimchi-jjigae > bulgogi > doenjang-jjigae > bibimbab. Chinese foods selected were as follows: tangsuyuk > jajang myeon > jjambbong > gganpunggi > bokeumbab. Preferred Western foods were as follows: spaghetti > steak > pork cutlet > pizza > ribs > chicken. Preferred Japanese foods in meals when dining out were as follows: sushi > hoe > udong > pork cutlet > soba. Preferred noodle foods selected when dining out were as follows: ddukboki > ramyeon > mandu > guksu > sundae > gimbab >. Preferred baked foods for dining out were as follows: cake > pizza > loaf bread > baguette > sandwich > hamburger > doughnut > cream bread.
Effects of Strawberry Powders on the Quality Characteristics of Yellow Layer Cake
Kim, Yeoung-Ae ;
Korean journal of food and cookery science , volume 24, issue 4, 2008, Pages 536~541
In order to determine the effects of strawberry powder on the baking quality of cakes, yellow layer cakes were prepared with four freeze-dried strawberry powders substitutes, at levels of 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5%. Then, the physical properties, baking properties and sensory characteristics of the finished cakes were assessed. The cakes were stored for 6 days at
and the change in hardness during storage was evaluated. The Viscosity of the doughs, as well as the specific gravity, increased as the amount of strawberry powder in the flour increased. The volume indices of the strawberry powder cakes were less than that of control, but the other indices did not differ from those of the controls. The crust color of the strawberry cakes evidenced a reduction in L. a and b values. The crumb color also evidenced a reduction in the L and b values, but the a values increased. Sensory characteristics were evaluated by 60 students from the Dept. of Food and Biotechnology. Crust color, crumb color, moistness, softness, taste and overall acceptance were measured via a 5-scale acceptance test. The crust color of cakes containing more than 3% strawberry powders and the crumb color of all strawberry cakes evidenced lower scores than the controls. Cakes containing 5% strawberry powders were least acceptable in terms of overall characteristics. Although cakes prepared with flour containing up to 4% strawberry powder were less acceptable than the controls, general sensory scores ranged in an average
like range. The incorporation of strawberry power into cakes was shown to increase the overall hardness.
A Study on Various Trans Fatty Acid Contents
Ahn, Myung-Soo ; Seo, Mi-Sook ; Kim, Hyun-Jung ;
Korean journal of food and cookery science , volume 24, issue 4, 2008, Pages 542~548
In this study, the degree of rancidity and trans fatty acids formation was assessed in Soybean oil(SBO), Corn germ oil (CGO), Canola oil(CNO) and Olive oil(OLO). All samples treated under various conditions were analyzed in order to determine their physicochemical characteristics(RI: Refractive index, Tocopherol, AV: Acid Value, IV: Iodine Value) and total trans fatty acid contents via GC. The results were as follows: The AV of corn germ oil was the highest (0.49
0.01 and 0.72
0.04 respectively) among the 4 kinds of oils at
. The IV of olive oil was the lowest(88.7
0.6 and 89.2
0.5) among the 4 kinds of oils at
. The trans fatty acid contents of the soybean oil, corn germ oil, canola oil and olive oil, respectively(in g/100) increased from 0.41, 0.60, 0.44 and 0.11 prior to heating to 0.84, 1.36, 0.94 and 0.81 after 7 hours. Catechin and BHT reduced trans fatty acid formation by 0.5-15.5% under all treatment conditions. In particular, Catechin exerted a more profound inhibitory effect on trans fatty acids formation than that did BHT.
A Study of Residents Consciousness of Local Food Menus Excavation and Development in Gyeongju Areas
Lee, Yeon-Jung ; Kim, Sang-Chul ;
Korean journal of food and cookery science , volume 24, issue 4, 2008, Pages 549~559
This study was performed by questionnaire to investigate viewpoints regarding menu excavation and development of native local foods of adults in the Gyeongju area, classified by gender and age. The subject population consisted of 253 citizens(108 males and 145 females) living in Gyeongju. The findings are summarized as follows: The residents highly desired the 'enrichment of service and clean hygiene of local food restaurants', 'active marketing', 'necessity of excavation and development at the present time', and 'development with regional unique characteristics' with regard to the development of the local food choices in Gyeongju, whereas they did not particularly desire 'excavation development of cooking that often is served at family event(birth, marriage, death etc..)', nor 'guidance and enlightenment for many citizens'. The most influential obstacle hindering the development of Gyeongju local food was 'administration support deficiency of connection group agency', followed by 'interest deficiency about local food of restaurant business managers and citizens, different taste of each restaurant', and 'tradition cooking itself is insufficient in Gyeongju'. The most reasonable development menu for native local foods of the Gyeongju area was 'mushroom & beef hot pot(beoseothanu-jeongol)', 'glutinous barley bread(chalborippang)', 'mushroom & bulgogi hot pot(beoseot-bulgogi-jeongol)', 'grilled beef(hanu-sutbul-gui)', and 'grilled minced beef ribs(hanu-tteok-galbi)' in that order. On the other hand, the excavation and development validity scores for 'black goat soup(heukyeomso-tang)', 'gulfweed soup(mojaban-guk)', and 'parboiled octopus(muneo-sukhoe)' were very low.
일본 음식문화 기행문
Lee, Mi-Hye ;
Korean journal of food and cookery science , volume 24, issue 4, 2008, Pages 560~564 | <urn:uuid:12427f4a-e70a-4adb-94f3-d50f036fe481> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.koreascience.or.kr/journal/JournalIssueList.jsp?kojic=HJRGB8&volno=24&issno=4&cnov_no=&year_GB=2008 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281162.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00532-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.936947 | 8,092 | 1.90625 | 2 |
Exercises in the Mediterranean forced the French carrier-based aircraft to follow the Russian
From February 15 to 25, the Russian naval forces are conducting exercises in the Eastern Mediterranean to practice actions to protect the country's interests in the vast oceans and to counter various threats. Commander-in-Chief of the Navy, Admiral Nikolai Evmenov, directs military activities.
As part of these exercises, the Russian Navy conducted maneuvers to search for enemy submarines, in which ships of the Pacific, Black Sea and Northern fleets, as well as Il-38 anti-submarine aircraft, took part. Russian ships and aircraft practiced the skills of tracking submarines, exchanging information about the movement of objects and striking targets.
In particular, the frigates "Admiral Grigorovich" and "Admiral Kasatonov", the missile cruisers "Marshal Ustinov" and "Varyag", anti-submarine ships "Vice-Admiral Kulakov" and "Admiral Tributs" were involved in the exercises. Sources report a total of 15 Russian warships participating in the maneuvers, which were inspected by Sergei Shoigu on February 15.
In addition, Tu-22M3 long-range bombers and MiG-31K fighters were transferred to the SAR to support the forces of the fleet.
Russian maneuvers did not go unnoticed by Moscow's "Western partners". So, in the immediate vicinity of the exercise area, the French aircraft carrier Charles de Gaulle was spotted, from which Rafale fighters flew out to track the Russian Su-30SM and Il-38.
On the footage, you can see how the Russian pilots are actively maneuvering, trying to "throw" the French off their tail.
Earlier, the frigates of the North Atlantic Alliance tried to conduct electronic reconnaissance in the region of the Russian exercises. So, on February 16, radiation from NATO radars was recorded from missile cruisers of the Russian Federation. | <urn:uuid:05674584-cc48-41d6-9e6e-9d059c79a230> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://en.topcor.ru/24137-uchenija-v-sredizemnom-more-zastavili-francuzskuju-palubnuju-aviaciju-sledit-za-rossijskoj.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00073.warc.gz | en | 0.965175 | 401 | 2.03125 | 2 |
General Introduction to Bone: Collagen and Mineral
As a tissue and organ, bone serves vital structural and metabolic roles in the body. Bone is a hierarchical structure, meaning that is has structural elements at one length scale which are composed of elements which, themselves, have structure at smaller length scales. This hierarchy plays a major role in determining the bulk mechanical properties of the overall bone. Hierarchy in structures is employed because hierarchical structures typically contain less material to achieve a desired strength. In addition, one can simultaneously achieve a strong and tough material, for which there is normally a trade-off. An obvious real world example of structural hierarchy is the Eiffel Tower. As a whole, the tower is composed of pig iron and stands just over 300 meters tall, with a square base of 100 meters per side. A closer look reveals that the larger structure is composed of a lattice-work at each of the four corners where diagonal girders connect elements together. These units, with dimensions on the order of tens of meters, are composed of girders on the order of meters in length. Each individual girder has cross-sectional dimensions of 10-2 to 10-1 meters composed of an iron material with an atomic structure made up primarily of iron, carbon, silicon and manganese ions in a lattice structure on the Angstrom scale (10-10 meters!).
Bone's hierarchy ranges over 9-10 orders of magnitude in length from the molecular level to the whole bone level. At the nanoscale, bone is primarily a two-phase composite material composed of a flexible organic matrix (approximately 90% Type I collagen) which is impregnated with and surrounded by a stiffer, stronger, reinforcing carbonated apatite mineral phase. The combination of strength, stiffness and toughness that are mechanical characteristics of bone as a tissue and structure are initially derived from the intimate interaction between these nanoscale constituents of vastly differing mechanical properties.
Despite the importance of skeletal health to overall health, it is still not clear how the nanoscale properties of collagen and mineral in bone, and their interaction with one another, produce the mechanical competence that exists at larger length scales. Further, it is not known how perturbations to the individual constituents (such as those that may occur with disease, trauma, nutrition or in response to mechanical stimulation) change bone's mechanical properties. A recent study illustrated how changes to even ancillary components of the bone extracellular matrix (ECM) can drastically alter properties across the bone hierarchy (Thurner et al., Bone 2010: 46(6): 1564-1573). In order to develop relevant treatment options for defects, damage and disease in bone, it is imperative to understand how biological and environmental factors influence bone composition, assembly, and organization throughout the tissue hierarchy, and to directly tie these properties to mechanical function.
The Bone Extracellular Matrix: Inorganic Carbonated Hydroxyapatite
About two-thirds of the weight of bone is a mineral phase often generically described as a form of the naturally occurring mineral hydroxyapatite [Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2]. However, the most thermodynamically stable mineral in bone is a non-stoichiometric, calcium-deficient apatite similar to dahlite. The ions initially form a hexagonal crystal lattice, but as the crystals mature they take on a plate shape, with an average size of 50 nm x 25 nm and an average thickness of about 2-3 nm. In mature bone mineral, calcium is the most predominant ion, but other ionic species such as carbonate can be easily substituted into each space in the crystalline lattice. As ions of different size and charge enter the lattice, distortions and vacancies occur which cause strain in the lattice and change the crystal size and perfection (or crystallinity). These properties along with orientation of the mineral relative to collagen have significant impacts on the mechanical characteristics of bone at larger length scales. However, direct relationships between the physicochemical properties of bone mineral and mechanical integrity have not been firmly established, partially due to the variety of hierarchical levels at which these properties can be characterized.
The Bone Extracellular Matrix: Type I Collagen
The remaining one-third of bone by weight is approximately 90% Type I collagen, the most abundant form of the most abundant protein in mammals. It is found throughout the body and forms a major portion of the extracellular matrix of many tissues including bone, dentin, tendon, skin, arterial wall, cornea, fibrocartilage and scar tissue. Type I collagen is a versatile protein that provides the scaffolding for tissue formation and subsequent mineralization in tissues which ultimately mineralize. It is important in mediating cell adhesion and migration. Most notably, it is the principal source of tensile strength in many tissues. Collagen is synthesized as a polypeptide chain of amino acids with an uninterrupted repeating motif of Glycine-X-Y triplets (X and Y are often proline and hydroxyproline, respectively). The significance of glycine being present as every third amino acid is that its small side chain (a single hydrogen atom) can be accommodated within the central axis of a left-handed helical structure (the a chain). Three helical a chains (two a1 and one a2) then counter-wind into a right-handed triple helix. Once the cell which forms collagen secretes this pro-collagen molecule, non-helical pro-collagen ends are enzymatically cleaved resulting in a mature tropocollagen molecule that is 300 nm long and 1.5 nm in diameter. Tropocollagen self-assembles into a staggered, parallel twist to form a 3D fibril (for details on this how the 3D packing occurs, see a recent paper by Orgel et al.). Due to space between the ends of the tropocollagen molecules and an offset from row to row, gap and overlap zones exist within the fibril and produce an oscillating surface topography with a characteristic axial repeat pattern called the D-periodicity.
This nanoscale collagen fibril is the primary building block of many collagen-based tissues, including bone as shown above and tendon as demonstrated below. Although several diseases strike collagen-based tissues, there is a crticial gap in our understanding of how nanoscale features of collagen and mineral influence more clinically-relevant tissues ans structural-level mechanical properties. | <urn:uuid:bc30ca61-ecf8-40bc-bc54-72843804ede1> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.iupui.edu/%7Ebbml/boneintro.shtml | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721141.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00416-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.930337 | 1,331 | 3.4375 | 3 |
The original CISPA was introduced as H.R. 3523 on Nov. 30, 2011 by Republican Mike Rogers of Michigan, chairman of the House Intelligence Committee, and co-sponsored by Democrat Dutch Ruppersberger of Maryland, ranking member of the same committee, as well as more than 20 other representatives, Democrat and Republican alike. It had the support of a lot of companies, including large telecommunications and tech companies, but faced a lot of opposition from civil liberties groups. On April 25, 2012, President Obama's administration even threatened that he would veto the bill for not doing enough to protect core infrastructure from cyberthreats and failing to protect the privacy, data confidentiality and civil liberties of individuals.
More than 40 amendments were proposed. Several pro-privacy amendments were rejected by the House Rules Committee on April 25. One amendment to allow the National Security Agency (NSA) or the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) additional surveillance authority was withdrawn on April 26. A few amendments were passed, increasing the original bill from 11 pages to 27 pages. These included the following:
- The Minimization Retention and Notification Amendment, which added provisions for notifying entities that have sent data that the government determines is not cyberthreat related, limitations on the use of the data and a statement that mentioned possible efforts to limit privacy and civil liberty impacts.
- The Definitions Amendment, which inserted or modified definitions for the terms "availability," "confidentiality," "cyber threat information," "cyber threat intelligence," "cybersecurity purpose," "cybersecurity system" and "integrity."
- The Liability Amendment, which changed the wording of a section waiving liability of private entities for sharing information to include identifying or obtaining cyberthreat information.
- The Limitation Amendment, which inserted a section that states that nothing in the bill will provide additional authority or modify existing authority of an entity to use a cybersecurity system owned by the federal government on a private-sector system or network.
- The Use Amendment, which adds language outlining the allowed uses of cyberthreat information shared with the government.
- A sunset clause was also added that makes the bill expire five years after its adoption.
The amended version of H.R. 3523 passed in the U.S. House of Representatives on April 26, 2012 by 248 to 168 votes, but never reached a vote in the U.S. Senate.
CISPA was reintroduced in the house by Senators Rogers and Ruppersberger in February 2013 under a different bill number, H.R. 624. It is virtually identical to the version of H.R. 3523 that passed the House in 2012. | <urn:uuid:52f3058b-5128-454d-9517-30269477ec8e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://computer.howstuffworks.com/cispa2.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280128.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00387-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96326 | 545 | 2.234375 | 2 |
There is no food more universal or more essential than bread, and the kind of bread you eat can reveal who you are. Bread: A Global History, (Reaktion Books, 2011) by William Rubel explores different breads for different times, places and people in history, all over the world. This excerpt examines how white bread goes full circle as a social marker. Discover why peasants made bread using pea flower and rye, the French court baked only pure white bread, and today cheap, “sliced white” bread is available to buy in every supermarket. The story of people and bread is as complex as it is delicious. The following excerpt is from Chapter 2, “Bread as a Social Marker.”
White bread! So light! So pure! So attractive! But also, up to the industrialization of milling in the nineteenth century, so expensive. For most of Europe’s history, even if farmers grew grain, few had the reliable supply of excess wheat that white flour implied. In fact, comparatively few had either the farmland capable of producing healthy stands of pure wheat or the money to buy white wheat breads if they didn’t have the land. As a rule, in human cultures if something is desirable yet out of bounds, then possessing that thing suggests a high social status.
There are two large-scale arcs that move breads over time, both of which relate to bread as a social marker. The first of these arcs, and the most powerful, is the near universal rejection of the breads of poverty by virtually everyone who could afford the alternative.
This chapter focuses on breads of poverty from a period when white-as-snow loaves were largely the purview of those who lived lives of conspicuous consumption. As an example, only a white loaf made with the finest flour will open in the oven like a flower, like the bread in Lubin Baugin’s Still-life with Chessboard (1630), a painting that depicts, among other things, the vanities of life.
One of the first signs of the industrial revolution in eighteenth-century England was that increasing numbers of small farmers and farm workers lost ‘their rye teeth’, as a farm hand explained when describing his preference for wheat breads to a British government agricultural commission in 1795.
It is through culture that we pass on world-views into the distant future. The love of fine wheat breads is one of the preferences that seems to be universal: it is no accident that in terms of acreage wheat is the single biggest agricultural crop in the world, nor that most of it is ground into white flour. In times less rich in material culture, moving out of the breads of poverty into the more refined wheat-centered breads of the social elites was often the first use of increasing personal wealth.
Bread depicted in European paintings from the sixteenth to the eighteenth centuries often illustrates the association between white breads and luxury and brown breads and poverty. Today, an artist using bread to illustrate social status in a British or American household might depict an affluent family at the table with a loaf of crusty pain de campagne or a ciabatta and a poor family with a loaf of industrially produced pre-sliced bread. One way to simplify the difference between the breads of the rich and poor, now and in the past, is that the poor always eat the cheaper breads. Today, that means mass-produced white bread. But looking at contemporary bread culture at a distance, blurring the differences we see between wheat breads, what seems clear is that in millennial terms, a communal dream of eating the bread of kings has been realized.
The early modern period (1500–1800) is the first era in which we find reproducible bread recipes. It is also the period just before the Industrial Revolution turns the world upside down.
Many of the breads we like today — the standard white sandwich loaf, baguette-style breads and rolls, brioche and pain de campagne — can be directly traced to this period. Though now breads for all of us, at the time these were luxury breads available to a comparative few.
In one of the first modern English-language cookbooks, The English Housewife (1615), Gervase Markham provides a rare glimpse of bread recipes for an English estate and an almost unique example of a recipe for a bread intended for low-status farm workers, in his language the hind servants. Markham’s ‘Brown Bread’ is made from flour ground from dried peas mixed with boiling water to reduce its disagreeable smell and then added to a mix of minimally sifted wheat, rye and barley flour to make a stiff dough. This is left to naturally sour in the dough trough and then baked into large loaves. It was a dense, sour and not entirely pleasant-smelling bread. The crudeness of its ingredients and the carelessness of its manufacture was in stark contrast to the white bread intended for the master’s table or the slightly less refined bread intended for nearly everyone else.
Evidence from outside cookbook literature suggests that Markham’s dense, sour, pea-adulterated brown bread was a standard bread of the rural poor. Henry Best, of Elmswell, England, in a farm memorandum book written in the 1640s describes the ingredients used by the local peasantry for their breads (which could have been made almost anywhere in northern Europe):
Poore folkes putte usually a pecke of pease to a bushell of Rye, and some againe two peckes of pease to a fundell of Maseldine [maslin], and say that these make hearty bread.
Hearty is meant in the sense of nourishing — and in the concept of the time, it means nourishing for a labourer. These breads were thought injurious to the health of the more sedentary elite. The first recipe, a peck of pea flour to a bushel of rye, is a ratio of 1:4 pea to rye.
In the European bread hierarchy a loaf bread, however constructed, stood above all forms of flatbreads, including ash cakes (small flatbreads baked in hot ashes), griddle-baked flatbreads, pancakes and boiled grains or porridge. Millet’s evocative painting Les Glaneuses (1857) depicts women gleaning wheat fields collecting racemes of wheat into posy-like groupings that would have been good for nothing more than boiled grains or porridge. This is in marked contrast to all those lovely aromatic white loaves one can imagine being made from the stacks of wheat sheaves in the painting’s background.
If one looks carefully one can find bits and pieces of the European flatbread tradition that have survived into the twenty-first century. The most obvious examples are industrially produced flatbreads such as Scottish oatcakes, widely available in the UK, various Scandinavian crisp rye breads such as Swedish knäckebröd, sold internationally, and the soft pitta-like piadina originally from the Romagna region and now sold throughout Italy.
The websites of industrial Italian manufacturers of piadina suggest using them as wraps, open-faced sandwiches, bun-like sandwiches, sandwiches in which the bread is folded in half, and as the base for pizza. While flatbreads tend not to be served as the bread for the main course in European-style meals they now often have a role in informal lunches and as part of the first course. Thus the flatbreads of Europe’s previous endemic poverty have been re-imagined in the context of our present-day prosperity.
The poorer the European region, the more likely it is that one can still glimpse the tail end of the European flatbread tradition in situ, though today’s wealth has tended to homogenize the product.
A characteristic of European flatbreads was that they were leavened with sourdough. This is true of the staple buckwheat crêpe of Brittany. Sour, dark and unenriched, it is at the opposite extreme from the cultural ideal of a lovely, light, aromatic white loaf. Relative wealth finally came to Brittany in the twentieth century. The bakeries of Brittany are now like those in the rest of France. People eat wheat bread, mostly white, and, however celebrated the galette de sarrasin may be at festivals, for all practical purposes the sour buckwheat crêpe was rejected by the people of Brittany in favour of white loaf breads as soon as they could afford to do so. Flatbreads are a footnote to European bread history.
No story that involves people is ever simple. There are notable exceptions to the general flight to white loaf breads as Europeans acquired the trappings of prosperity but all involve a culture re-evaluating bread and its meaning and usually also modifying the peasant recipe to make the bread more like white bread.
Even in the eighteenth century in West phalia the crudest and densest of all black breads — Westphalian pumpernickel — was served at the best tables sliced thinly with butter. Today a tamer version of what was a coal-black bread of dirt-poor peasants is sold internationally pre-sliced in plastic wrappers explicitly for hors d’oeuvres — in other words as a taste rather than as a food.
Historically, the whitest loaves were always smaller than other loaves. The highest-status breads of all were baked in the form of rolls, a form one can think of as a labour-intensive personal loaf. White breads were formulated to be ‘light’. The higher-status the bread the ‘lighter’ it had to be, meaning it had to have both distinct air holes (though not necessarily large ones) and a soft crumb. Since there is an inverse relationship between rising time and the softness of the bread, the softest breads must be yeast-leavened because only yeast can push a dough fast enough to produce the theoretically softest crumb. The addition of some fat further softens the crumb and thus it is no surprise that the early modern French court bread, pain à la Reine, the queen’s bread, was made with both yeast and milk.
In the democratization of taste that took place in the nineteenth century, as vast numbers of the European peasantry moved into cities and moved up the social ladder, breads that had been at the top of the social ladder became quotidian. While there is a contemporary critique of the qualities of soft breads found in industrial breads, in profound ways our industrial breads incorporate the ideal of bread as it was conceived for centuries, if not millennia. One might even say that the cultural critique of so much bread as ’empty calories’ is in fact its greatest triumph: in its very essence is baked the cultural marker that says ‘Whoever buys this bread does not live on bread alone.’
Because of the inherent shortcuts taken in the making of industrial bread — it is made by robots; no human care, not even a touch, is expended on any one loaf — it shares the cultural marker of expediency that went with the sourleavened loaves of poverty and the huge loaves of bread baked for the working poor. In England, depending on the era, brown breads purchased in the bakery could weigh 9-14 kg (20-30 lb), or more. The larger of the two loaves carried by the servant in Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin’s painting Return from the Market (1739) is so large and heavy the woman carrying it has to rest it on a table while she eavesdrops on the other servant’s conversation with the man in the doorway. As mentioned in the context of the English baking laws, the larger the loaf, the less refined the flour that was used to bake it. We can infer from its size that the large loaf is made with something other than white flour.
The place to look in one’s own life for an example of bread functioning almost purely as a social marker is on the formal dinner table. Bread really doesn’t have a culinary role on the modern dinner table. It is there by custom. One may be annoyed not to see it there, but it is not an integral part of the meal. The host will not think anything of it if you eat everything on your plate but don’t touch the bread. The starch that is part of the meal is on the plate — it is the potato, the rice, the polenta. The more care you take in selecting the loaf, and the less is eaten, the more you can know that in your own household the bread’s primary function is something other than food. The less we need it the more it is like the dinner set, and as with the dinner set, the more it can be parsed for subtle social cues. And that is the subject of the next chapter — the various aspects of bread from crust to crumb that are manipulated by the baker to serve the dual role of giving the bread its character as a food and a range of messages as a cultural object.
This excerpt has been reprinted with permission from Bread: A Global History, published by Reaktion Books, 2011. | <urn:uuid:ffc09d72-22e3-463b-ad58-39e8e273e4f4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.motherearthnews.com/real-food/history-of-bread-social-marker-ze0z1204zsch/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572304.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816120802-20220816150802-00477.warc.gz | en | 0.964845 | 2,790 | 3.296875 | 3 |
Silica-based monolithic materials have shown great promise for use as sorbent materials due to their large surface area and bimodal pore size distribution. In this paper, a new process for the fabrication of a silica-based monolith inside a glass microchip and its modification with octadecylsilyl ligands was successfully developed for use in the microchip-based solid phase extraction of proteins. Monolithic porous silica without cracks was prepared by a sol–gel process, followed by placement of the monolithic silica disk inside the extraction chamber in the base plate of the microchip. The two plates of the glass microchip were then thermally bonded at 575 °C for 3 hours. The silica-based monolith was not affected by the thermal bonding of the two plates of the microchip. This process completely avoids the problem of shrinkage in the silica skeleton during preparation. The monolithic silica disk inside the glass microchip was subsequently modified with octadecylsilyl (C18) moieties for increased protein binding capacity. The performance of the microchip was evaluated using the extraction of six proteins varying in molecular weight and isoelectric point, namely insulin, cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, β-lactoglobulin, and hemoglobin at a concentration of 60 μM. The standard protein was mixed with a double concentration of the detergent 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate (CHAPS). The results show that the octadecylated silica monolith was permeable, has the ability to remove impurities, and achieved a high extraction recovery of the proteins (94.8–99.7%) compared with conventional octadecylated silica particles (48.3–91.3%). The chip-to-chip reproducibility was assessed by calculating the relative standard deviations (RSDs) for the six proteins during extraction. The intra-batch and inter-batch RSDs were in the range of 2.0–4.5% and 2.9–6.4%, respectively. This new microfluidic device for protein extraction may find an application in the area of proteomic research.
You have access to this article
Please wait while we load your content...
Something went wrong. Try again? | <urn:uuid:a7fee6fe-d92b-4a3a-ad00-6012217622ec> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pubs.rsc.org/en/Content/ArticleLanding/2012/AN/C2AN16018H | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00469.warc.gz | en | 0.94186 | 493 | 2.375 | 2 |
"The Times of Restitution of All Things" Foretold by MosesThe Date of Their Beginning IndicatedThey Cannot Begin Until the Great Restorer Has ComeEvidence from the LawCorroborative Testimony from the ProphetsLogical Conclusions Drawn from these as Separately and Unitedly ConsideredHarmony of Present Indications.
"VERILY I say unto you, Till heaven and earth pass, one jot or one tittle shall in no wise pass from the Law, till all be fulfilled." Matt. 5:18
It is only when we recognize the typical character of God's dealings with Israel that we can rightly appreciate the wonderful history of that people, or understand why their history, in preference to that of all other nations, is so particularly recorded by the Prophets and the New Testament writers. In them, as the New Testament writers show, God has given striking illustrations of his plans, both for the Church and for the world. Their Tabernacle service, so minutely prescribed in the divinely given Law, with its bleeding beasts and all its peculiar appointments, their festivals and holy days, their Sabbaths, and all their ceremonies, as types pointed forward to antitypes, larger, higher and grander far than those shadows. And the Apostle Paul assures us that those antitypes will be laden with blessings for mankind, when he says that the Law foreshadowed "GOOD THINGS to come" (Heb. 10:1; 8:5; Col. 2:17); while our Lord, in the above expression, assures us that all the good things foreshadowed are sure of fulfilment.
However, in considering types, we should carefully avoid the error of many well-meaning people, who, when they begin [B174] to see that there are significant types in the Scriptures run to the extreme of treating every Bible character and incident as typical, and are thus led into error by mere curiosity and ingenuity. On no such unsafe ground do we build when examining the ceremonies of the Jewish Law, given specially as types and declared by the apostles to be such. Nor can we afford to let these types pass without due consideration and careful study of the lessons they teach, any more than we can afford to spend time in speculating, and in building faith upon mere conjecture.
When our Lord said that not one jot or tittle of the Law should pass away until fulfilled, he referred not only to the fulfilling of its covenant obligations for all under that Law Covenant, finishing its hold upon them, by meeting its demands against them in full with his own life, but he meant more than this: He meant, further, that all the blessings expressed in it typically would also be sure of fulfilment upon an antitypical scale. In all the Jewish ceremonies, God caused no type to be made which will prove meaningless, or pass unfulfilled; and the observance of all types was kept up until their fulfilment at least began. All types must be continually repeated until their antitypes appear; for the keeping of a type is not the fulfilling of it. The fulfilling is reached where the type ceases, being displaced by the reality, the antitype.
Thus, for instance, the slaying of the paschal lamb was fulfilled in the death of Christ, the "Lamb of God," and there began the special blessing upon the antitypical firstborn, the believers of the Gospel age. The blessing, foreshadowed in that type, is not yet completely fulfilled, though the fulfilment began with the death of Christ, our Passover Lamb. In like manner, every ceremony prescribed in the Law proves to be full of typical significance. And the particularity with which the observance of every detail of [B175] the types was enforced throughout the Jewish age gives emphasis to our Lord's words quoted abovethat every minute particular, every jot and tittle, must be as particularly fulfilled as it was carefully enforced in the ceremonies of the Law.
In this chapter we propose to examine that typical feature of the Mosaic Law known as the Jubilee, and to show that it was intended to foreshadow the great Restitution, the recovery of mankind from the fall, to be accomplished in the Millennial age; that in its character it was an illustration of the coming Restitution; and that in the manner of its reckoning it furnishes time regulations which, when understood and applied, indicate clearly the time for the beginning of the antitype, the "Restitution of all things." Acts 3:19-21
Since the Jubilee was a part of the Law, and since repeating does not fulfil it, and since our Lord declared that the type could not pass away without fulfilment; and moreover, since we know that no such restitution of all things as that foretold "by all the holy prophets since the world began," and prefigured in this type, has ever yet occurred, we know that it must be fulfilled in the future.
The year of Jubilee was a Sabbath of rest and refreshing, both to the people and to the land which God gave them. It was the chief of a series of Sabbaths or rests.* They had a Sabbath day every seventh day; and once every year these typical Sabbath days reached a climaxi.e., a cycle of seven of these Sabbaths, thus marking a period of forty-nine days (7 x 7 = 49), was followed by a Jubilee day, the fiftieth day (Lev. 23:15,16), known among the Jews as Pentecost. It was a day of rejoicing and thanksgiving.
The Sabbath year occurred every seventh year. In it the land was allowed to rest and no crops were to be planted. A climax of these Sabbath (rest) years was reached in the same manner as the Pentecost or fiftieth day-Sabbath. Seven of the Sabbath years, embracing a period of seven times seven years, or forty-nine years (7 x 7 = 49), constituted a cycle of Sabbath years; and the year following, the FIFTIETH YEAR, WAS THE YEAR OF JUBILEE.
When Israel came into Canaan, the land was divided among them by lot, according to their tribes and families. Success thereafter might increase, or adversity decrease, their individual possessions, as the case might be. If a man became involved in debt, he might be obliged to sell a part or even all of his property, and with his family go into servitude. But God made a bountiful provision for the unfortunate: He arranged that such adverse circumstances might not continue forever, but that all their accountscredits and debtsmust be reckoned only to the Jubilee Year, when all must be freed from old encumbrances, etc., to make a fresh start for the next term of fifty years.*
*A somewhat similar arrangement under a Bankrupt Law has been found expedient in our day and land, thus endorsing the principle then enunciated. Nor does it follow, that a cancellation of debt every fifty years, and the Jewish form, would serve us better than the methods of today; for in their case, the time, circumstances, etc., were not specially for themselves, their convenience, and their circumstances, but specially as prophetic figures and lessons relating to God's plan in its future development.
Thus every fiftieth year, counting from the time of their entrance into Canaan, was to Israel a year of Jubilee, a time of rejoicing and restitution, in which broken families were reunited and lost homesteads were restored. No wonder [B177] that it was called a Jubilee. If property had been sold for debt, it was to be considered merely as a grant of such property until the Jubilee year; and the price it would bring if sold depended on whether the coming Jubilee was near or far distant.
The account of this observance is found in Leviticus 25. Verses 10 to 15 read thus: "Ye shall hallow the fiftieth year, and proclaim liberty throughout all the land, unto all the inhabitants thereof. It is a Jubilee unto you, and ye shall return every man unto his possession and ye shall return every man unto his family....And if thou sell aught to thy neighbor, or buyest aught of thy neighbor's hand, ye shall not oppress one another. According to the number of years after the Jubilee thou shalt buy of thy neighbor, and according unto the number of years of the fruits he shall sell unto thee. According to the multitude of the years thou shalt increase the price thereof, and according to the fewness of the years thou shalt diminish the price of it."
This arrangement provided by God through their leader and typical mediator, Moses, though itself a blessed boon, foreshadowed a still greater blessing which God had in viewthe release of all mankind from the debt of sin and its bondage and servitude, through Christ our Lord, the greater Mediator and Deliverer, whom Moses typified. (Deut. 18:15) It was thus, in types, that Moses wrote of Christ and the blessings to come through him (John 5:46; 1:45)the Great Restitution and Jubilee to come to all the race, now groaning under the bondage of corruption and slavery to Sin.
If the shadow brought happiness and joy to the typical people, the substance, the real restitution, will cause boundless joy and will indeed be a grand Jubilee to all peopleall the world, including Israel, being typified by that people, [B178] even as their priesthood represented the Church, the "royal priesthood." Even if we were not definitely informed, what would be more reasonable than to surmise that the same infinite love which provided for the temporary welfare of Israel, a "stiff-necked generation," would much more make provision for the lasting welfare of the whole world, which God so loved as to redeem while yet sinners? And here it may be well to note what will be more fully shown hereafter, that while in one aspect the Israelites were typical of the believers of the Gospel age, in another they represented all who, in any age, shall believe God and accept his leading. And in this character we are now viewing them. Their covenant, sealed with the blood of bulls and goats, was typical of the New Covenant, sealed with the precious blood of Christ, under which the reconciling of the world shall be effected in the next age. Their day of atonement and its sin-offerings, though in type to that people, and for their sins only, typified the "better sacrifices" and the actual atonement "for the sins of the whole world." But note that the Jubilee applied not to Israel's priesthood (typical of the Gospel Church), but to the others only; for the priesthood was given no possessions, and hence could neither lose any nor have any restored. The Jubilee was for all the people except the priestly tribe, and hence typifies, not those blessings which are to come to the Church, the "Royal Priesthood," but the restitution blessingsearthly blessingsin due time to come to all those who become believers in and followers of God.
The teaching of this type is in perfect accord with what we have learned in our examination of the divine Plan of the Ages. It points unmistakably to "The Times of Restitution of all things, spoken by the mouth of all the holy prophets since the world began." Moses was one of the prophets; and here particularly he speaks to us of the coming restitution of man's first estate and liberty, long lost, [B179] sold under sin. By the failure of our first parents all was lost: all rights were forfeited, and all became slaves to the tyrant Sin and were unable to free themselves. The family circle has been sadly broken by the bondage of corruptiondeath. Thank God for the promised time of release! The Jubilee is at hand, and soon the captives of Death and slaves of Sin shall have back their first estate, perfect manhood, and their first inheritance, the earththe gift of God through Jesus Christ, the mediator and ratifier of the New Covenant.
While in the typical Jubilee Year many restored liberties and blessings were at once entered upon, yet probably most of the year was required to straighten out affairs and get each one fully installed again in all his former liberties, rights and possessions. So, too, with the antitype, the Millennial age of Restitution. It will open with sweeping reforms, with the recognition of rights, liberties and possessions long lost sight of; but the work of completely restoring (to the obedient) all that was originally lost will require all of that age of restitutiona thousand years.
It is certain that no antitype of the Jubilee answering to the features of this type has yet occurred; and, on the strength of our Lord's assertion, we are equally sure that the type could not pass away unfulfilled: "It is easier for heaven and earth to pass, than for one tittle of the Law to fail." (Luke 16:17) But, apparently, this feature of the Law has failed. As a matter of fact, the type, which was observed regularly every fiftieth year as long as the Israelites were in their own land, has not been observed since their captivity in Babylon. Apparently, therefore, this feature of the Law did "pass away" without even beginning a fulfilment. What shall we answer in the face of this apparent contradiction of the Lord's statement? But is it really so? or can any antitype of the Jubilee be found, beginning where the last observance [B180] of the typical Jubilee ended? Yes, we answer; a clearly defined antitype had its beginning at that exact point, and on a larger and grander scale, as antitypes always are. We see, by actual fulfilment, that the cycles, as well as the Jubilee Years in which they culminated, were included in the type; and that the same method by which the typical Jubilee was pointed out (by multiplying) was to be observed in calculating the time for the antitypeEarth's Great Jubilee. When the last typical Jubilee had been observed and had passed away, the great cycle began to count, the close of which will usher in the antitypical Jubilee or Restitution age.
We have already referred to the method of counting the Sabbathsthat the multiplying of the Sabbath or seventh day by seven (7 x 7 = 49) pointed out Pentecost, the Jubilee Day which followed; and the multiplying of the seventh year by seven (7 x 7 = 49) made the cycle which pointed out and led to the fiftieth or Jubilee Year. And the same system carried out would indicate that to reach the great antitype which we seek we should in like manner square the Jubileei.e., multiply the fiftieth year by fifty. That is to say, the antitypical cycle, by the method of multiplying here taught us, should be reckoned by multiplying the typical Jubilee or fiftieth Sabbath year by fifty, just as in reaching it we multiplied the seventh year Sabbath by seven. Lev. 25:2-13
Following this divinely indicated method of reckoning, wonderful results open before us, which assure us that we have the correct key and are using it as was intended by him who formed this treasure-casket. Fifty times fifty years gives the long period of twenty-five hundred years (50 x 50 = 2500), as the length of that great cycle, which began to count when Israel's last typical Jubilee ended, and which must culminate in the great antitypical Jubilee. We know that such a cycle must have begun to count where the type [B181] ceased; because, if not one jot or tittle of the Law could pass away without a fulfilment at least commencing, then the Jubilee type, which was far more than a jot or tittle, indeed a large and important feature of the Law, would not have been permitted to pass away until the right time for its antitype to begin. That the antitype of the Jubilee did not in any sense begin when the Israelites ceased to observe it, is evident; hence that a grand cycle began to count then, we may be certain. The new, long cycle began there, though Israel and all the world are ignorant both of the fact that a great cycle has been counting and also of the great antitypical Jubilee by which it will be terminated. We are not to look for the great Jubilee of Jubilees to begin after this cycle, but as the antitype to take the place of the fiftieth or last Jubilee of the cycle. An antitype never follows its type but takes its place upon the same date. Hence the 2500th year, which would be the great 50th Jubilee, must be the antitype, the real Jubilee or Restitution. But instead of being a year, as in the type, it will be larger; it will be the beginning of the great thousand-year Jubileethe Millennium. Just so it has been in the fulfilment of every type in which time was a feature. Thus the Pentecostal outpouring of the holy Spirit came upon the typical day of Pentecostor fiftieth day. Christ, our Passover sacrifice, died in the same night in which the typical lamb was appointed to be killeda day before or a day after would not answer. So here, not the year after nor the year before the 2500th, or closing of the typical cycle, would do; but that very year, beginning October, 1874, must have begun the antitype of Restitution times.
The observance of the type could not cease until the great cycle (50 x 50) began to count. The important point to be ascertained, then, is the exact date when the last typical Jubilee was observed by Israel. With that date definitely established, [B182] it becomes a very simple matter to count the great cycle of fifty times fifty or twenty-five hundred years, and thus locate definitely the date of the beginning of the great Jubilee of Earththe "Times of Restitution of all things."
But we must look for beginnings only of this stupendous work of restoring all things. The first few days in the typical Jubilee Year would see comparatively little accomplished; and so we must expect in the first few years in the dawning of the great Millennial Jubilee to see but little accomplished. The first work in the typical Jubilee Year would naturally be a searching out of former rights and possessions and the ascertaining of present lacks. Tracing the parallel of this, we should expect in the antitype just what we now see going on all about us; for, as will shortly be shown, we have already entered upon the great antitypical Jubilee period, and have been in it since October, A.D. 1874. What do we see about us? We see investigation on the part of the people of their original, God-given inheritance, and their present lacks, rights, etc., many in ignorance and selfishness claiming what others have; and the attempt to hold on to as much as possible on the part of those who have possessioncausing disputes, controversies, strikes and lock-outs, with more or less justice and injustice on both sides, which must finally be left to Christ's adjudication, as disputes under the Law were settled by Moses, and after his death by those who sat in Moses' seat. (Matt. 23:2) With these fixed conclusions and expectations, let us seek the date which God evidently hid for us in this type, "that we might know the things freely given unto us of God," now due to be understood.
We have no direct Bible record of Israel's observance of their typical Jubilees which would show which was the last one observed. We fix upon the date for the Jubilee immediately [B183] preceding the Babylonian captivity and seventy years desolation of their land, as the last one, for two reasons: First, It could not have been this side of that desolation, because there, surely, the type ceased, "passed away"; for the land being desolate seventy years and the people in captivity in a foreign land, a Jubilee must have been due somewhere in the midst of those seventy years and must have gone unobserved. A glance is sufficient to show that the commands and provisions relative to the Jubilee Year could not be complied with while they as a nation were in captivity and the land was desolate. Hence we say the type either passed away then, or before that interruption: it could not be this side of it. And whenever the observance of the type ceased, the cycle of the great antitype must have begun to count. One such failure to observe the type would indicate that the type had ceased and that the cycle leading to the antitype had begun. Besides, never since the Babylonian captivity has Israel had full control of the land: they and their land have ever since been subject to Gentile dominion.
Secondly, In every captivity previous to that one, God evidently delivered them from their enemies in time to get back into their own land to celebrate the Jubilee Year, and thus to perpetuate it as a type until the right time for the great (50 x 50) cycle to begin counting; for their previous captivities, though frequent, it seems never lasted longer than forty years, thus permitting them, according to the Jubilee arrangement, to go free and to receive back every man his inheritance every Jubilee Year. Besides, when we shall shortly show that, reckoned from the beginning of the seventy years desolation under Babylon, the great cycle ends with the year A.D. 1875, it will be manifest to all that it could not have commenced at an earlier date, prior to that Babylonian captivity; for if we place it even one Jubilee earlier, it would locate the termination of the cycle fifty [B184] years earlier than A.D. 1875, namely A.D. 1825; and surely no Jubilee age of restitution began with that year.
Satisfied thus that the last typical Jubilee, from which the great (50 x 50) cycle counts, was not earlier, and could not be since the captivity in Babylon, and hence that the one immediately preceding that captivity was the last typical Jubilee Year, and that at its close the great, silent cycle began to count, we proceed to locate the exact time of that last typical Jubilee, thus:
The system of year Sabbaths being identified with their land, Canaan, and their inheritance in it, the first cycle of forty-nine years, leading to the first Jubilee, should begin to count from the time they entered Canaan. This reasonable inference is made positive by the Lord's words"When ye come into the land which I give you, then shall the land keep a Sabbath [observe the Sabbath system] unto the Lord: Six years shalt thou sow thy field, and six years shalt thou prune thy vineyard and gather in the fruit thereof; but in the seventh year [from entering the land] shall be a Sabbath of rest unto the land." So, then, the cycle of seven times seven, or forty-nine years (7 x 7 = 49), began to count at once, and the fiftieth year after entering Canaan was the first typical Jubilee.*
*Some have suggested that as there were six years consumed in war before the division of the land was finished, therefore the counting of the Jubilee cycles did not begin until then. But no, the land was entered upon when they crossed over Jordan, and the command reads, "When ye come into the land," and not, When ye have divided the land. It was divided parcel by parcel during the six years, but they did not get possession of all of it during those years, nor for an indefinite time afterwarduntil the enemies were driven out, which in some cases was never done. (See Joshua 18:2,3; 17:12,13; 23:4,7,13,15.) Hence, had they waited for full possession before beginning to count the cycles, they would never have begun.
To the division of the land........................
Period of the Judges...............................450 "
Period of the Kings................................513 "
We may know how many Jubilees they had observed up to that time by dividing 969 years by 50. There are 19 fifties in 969, showing that number of Jubilees, and the remaining 19 years show that their nineteenth, which was the last of the typical Jubilees, occurred just nineteen years before the beginning of the seventy years of desolation of the land while they were in captivity in Babylon, and nine hundred and fifty years after entering Canaan.
There, then, just nineteen years before the "seventy years desolation" of their land, at the close of their last Jubileethe nineteenththe great cycle of 2500 years (50 x 50 = 2500) began to count; and it becomes a very simple matter to reckon where those 2500 years terminated, and consequently where the twenty-five hundredth year, the beginning of the great antitypical Jubilee, began. Thus: From the last or nineteenth Jubilee to the
beginning of the desolation of the land.........
Period of the desolation.......................... 70 "
From the restoration of Israel by Cyrus, to
the date known as A.D. (Anno Domini
the year of our Lord)........................... 536 "
Hence, from their last Jubilee to A.D. 1.......... 625 "
The number of years since A.D. 1, necessary
to complete the cycle of 2500 years.............1875 "
From the last observed JubileeTotal.............2500 years
see page 184
Jubilee type dates from entering
To the division of
the land............... 6 yrs.
Period of Judges......... 450 "
Period of Kings.......... 513 "
To the desolation........ 969 "
19 Jubilees.............= 950 "
Remainder:............. 19 yrs.
From last Jubilee to
the desolation......... 19 yrs.
Period of desolation,
and captivity of
all in Babylon....... 70 "
to their land by
Cyrus, to A.D. 1....... 536 "
From year A.D. 1 to
A.D. 1875 (Jewish
Oct. 1874).............1874 "
Thus, the year which began October 1874 was the 2500th year, but since the antitype is larger than the type1000 years instead of one year1875 (beginning Oct. 1874), instead of being a Jubilee year was the first of the 1000 years of Jubilee.
Thus we find that the twenty-five hundredth year began with the beginning of the year A.D. 1875, which in Jewish civil time, by which this is reckoned (Lev. 25:9), began about October 1874. So, then, if the great Jubilee were to be only a year, like its type, it would have commenced October, A.D. 1874, at the end of 2499 years, and would have ended October, A.D. 1875. But this is not the type, but the reality: it was not a Jubilee Year, but the antitypical Thousand years of Restitution of all things, which commenced October, A.D. 1874.
Thus we see that not only did Israel's Jubilee clearly and forcibly prefigure the great "TIMES OF RESTITUTION OF ALL THINGS which God hath spoken by the mouth of all the holy prophets since the world began," but that also the manner of its reckoning just as clearly indicates the date of the beginning of Earth's Great Jubilee. If we fail to accept these conclusions, we see no other alternative than that this type passed away without fulfilment, notwithstanding the most positive assertions of our Lord that it could notthat it would be easier for heaven and earth to pass than for one jot or tittle of the Law to pass away without reaching a fulfilment. (Matt. 5:18) We accept the facts thus divinely indicated, however astounding the conclusions which we must reasonably draw therefrom.
But what are the reasonable conclusions from these Bible teachings? Let us consider what must follow, from the standpoint of reason, and then see if any other scriptures will either warrant or contradict those conclusions. First, we infer that when the "Times of Restitution" are due to begin, the presence of the GREAT RESTORER is also due. This would be a very reasonable inference, but it amounts to much more than inference when it is endorsed by the Apostle's positive inspired statement, that "When the [appointed] times of refreshing shall come from the [B188] presence* of the Lord [Jehovah],...he shall send Jesus Christ, which before was preached unto you, whom the heaven must retain until THE TIMES OF RESTITUTION OF ALL THINGS, which God hath spoken by the mouth of all his holy prophets since the world began." Acts 3:19-21
*The word here rendered presence is not parousia, but prosopon; and apo prosopon, rendered from the presence, does not signify as a result of presence, but rather out from the face of. The thought is common to us, and was much more common in eastern countries long ago: To show the face was a mark of favor, while to turn the back was a mark of disfavor. Thus of our Lord at his first advent it was written, "We hid as it were our faces from him." i.e., we were ashamed of and would not acknowledge him. Thus, too, Jehovah "would not look upon sin," and hid his face from sinners. Now, however, since the ransom has been given, Jehovah waits to be gracious, until the appointed time. Then he will no longer disregard men and treat them as sinners, turning his back upon them, but will send them refreshment from his face, his favor, and will send Jesus, his agent in the restitution of all things. We have the same thought in our hymns: "Show thy reconciled face"; and "Show thy face and all is bright."
On the strength of this inspired statement alone, we have clear evidence of the fact that our Lord's second advent was due when the Times of Restitution were due to begin, viz., in October, A.D. 1874, as marked by the Jubilee arrangement. It seems evident, indeed, that the Jubilee, like all other things of that dispensation, was arranged "for our admonition [our instruction] upon whom the ends of the ages are come." (1 Cor. 10:11) One thing seems clearif they do not profit us, they have been thus far almost profitless; for the Scriptures inform us that the Jews never fully and properly observed the type, even during the first nineteen Jubilees. (Lev. 26:35) They no doubt found it almost impossible to restrain their love of wealth. It, like all prophecies and types, was no doubt arranged to cast light when and where needed on the path of the justto guide the "feet" of the body of Christ.
Now call to mind what was shown in the preceding chapter concerning the manner of our Lord's return and appearing, lest you stumble here because of erroneous ideas on that point. Remember, that "As the days of Noah were, so shall also the presence [Greek, parousia] of the Son of man be; for as in the days that were before the flood they... knew not,...so shall also the presence of the Son of man be." (Matt. 24:37-39) Remember, also, what we have already gathered from the inspired teachingthat only those faithfully watching unto the sure word of prophecy, and loving and looking for his appearing, will be able to discern his presence, until he makes it manifest to the world "in flaming fire, taking vengeance"in the great time of trouble. The fact, then, that his presence is not known and generally recognized by the world, or even among Christians, is no argument against this truth. The world has no faith in prophecy, and of course cannot see anything in its light. And lukewarm Christians (and such are the large majority) are paying no attention to the "sure word of prophecy"; and many who profess to be watching are reading the prophecies through the colored glasses of old and long cherished errors, and with their eyes miserably crossed by prejudice. All such should go to the Great Physician for some of the "eye salve" or meekness (Rev. 3:18), and forever discard the colored glasses of the traditions of men, and all theories of their own and of others which will not harmonize with every testimony of God's Word.
But neither the world's ignorance and unbelief nor the lukewarm indifference and prejudice of the great majority of professed Christians shall prove stumbling blocks to God's electto those who in simple, child-like faith accept the testimony of his blessed Word. Such cannot stumble; nor is it possible that they should be deceived. By their faith and God's leading such will overcome all. Fear not, precious [B190] Jewels of the Lord's own choosing: lift up your heads and rejoice, knowing that your deliverance, your exaltation and glory, draweth nigh. Luke 21:28; 12:32
Another reasonable expectation, if the Times of Restitution actually began with October, A.D. 1874, and if our Lord's second presence was then due, would be, that those watching should see some distinguishable indications of what the Scriptures explain to be the first work of his presence, viz., the harvesting of the fruit of the Gospel age, the gathering together of his elect (in mental association and spiritual communion), and at least some preparatory steps toward the establishment of Christ's Kingdom. Some of these evidences we have already briefly hinted at; but there is so much to be observed on this point that we must leave its consideration for a subsequent chapter. The harvest of the Church is indeed upon us; the wheat is being separated from the tares; and affairs in the world are rapidly shaping themselves, making ready for the permanent establishment of the Redeemer's Kingdom. The foretold signs, in the exact manner and order of their prediction, are made clearly manifest to those watching; but this we leave for the presentbecause we wish first to bring other prophetic testimonies to view. Suffice it to say here that the sickle in the "harvest" of this age, as in the Jewish "harvest," is the truth; and that the "messengers" who use the sickle now are disciples or followers of the Lord, though many of them now, as then, realize but slightly the magnitude of the work in which they are engaged.
While the foregoing evidence is strong and clear just as it stands, we now present prophetic testimony which proves that we began counting the Great Cycle (50 x 50) at the right point. Our Heavenly Father knew the fear and trembling [B191] with which our faith would grasp these exceeding great and precious promises, and hence he has doubled the already strong cord of evidence, furnished in the Law, by additional testimony through the prophet. And our dear Redeemer and Lord, who hands us this cord, and whose presence this testimony points out to us, as he comes to us in the early dawn of the Millennial Day, seems to say, as he once said to Peter (Matt. 14:25-32), "O thou of little faith, wherefore didst thou doubt?" Learn that I am a spirit being, no longer visible to human sight. I thus reveal myself by the lamp of the Word to the eyes of thine understanding, that as in coming days I shall walk upon the stormy sea of the world's unparalleled trouble, thou needst not fear, but "Be of good cheer." Remembering that it is I, be not afraid.
This truly marvelous prophetic corroboration, which we now proceed to consider, lay hidden in its own simplicity until the appreciation and application of the Jubilee type, as above, gave it significance.
The seventy years, usually referred to as the seventy years captivity in Babylon, is Scripturally styled the "seventy years desolation of the land." This desolation God had predicted by Jeremiah the Prophet, thus: "And this whole land shall be a desolation, and...shall serve the king of Babylon seventy years." (Jer. 25:11) "Thus saith the Lord, that after seventy years be accomplished at Babylon, I will visit you, and perform my good word toward you in causing you to return to this place." (Jer. 29:10) In 2 Chron. 36:17-21 the fulfilment of this prophecy is recorded; and the reason why it was just seventy years, and why it was made completely desolate, is stated thus: "He brought upon them the king of the Chaldees [Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon],...and them that had escaped from the sword carried he away to Babylon, where they were servants to him and his sons until the reign of the kingdom of Persia: to fulfil the word of the [B192] Lord by the mouth of Jeremiah, until the land had enjoyed her Sabbaths; for AS LONG AS SHE LAY DESOLATE SHE KEPT SABBATH, to fulfil threescore and ten years."
From this we see that Israel had failed to observe properly the Sabbatic years, of which the Jubilees were the chief. It certainly was a severe test of obedience toward the Heavenly King, to a people so notably avaricious, to be commanded to let the land rest, to restore to former owners lands acquired and possessed for years, and to restore to servants their libertyespecially when obedience was only commanded, and not summarily enforced by compulsion. God had forewarned them, through Moses, that if they were disobedient to the laws to which as a nation they had pledged themselves, he would punish them for it. In the same chapter in which he tells them of the punishment of seven times under Gentile rule, he tells them, also, that if they would neglect the year Sabbaths he would punish them for it by desolating their land. (And, as a matter of fact, the seventy years desolation was also the beginning of the seven Gentile Times, as already shown.) The Lord's threatening reads thus: "Your land shall be desolate and your cities waste. Then shall the land enjoy her Sabbaths, as long as it lieth desolate and ye be in your enemies' land,... because it did not rest in your Sabbaths when ye dwelt upon it." Lev. 26:34,35,43
God permitted for a while their half-hearted and half-way obedience, but finally removed them entirely from the land, made it desolate, without an inhabitant, and gave it the full number of its Jubilee Yearsnot only for those they had imperfectly observed, but also for the entire future number which would elapse, according to his arrangement, before the antitypical Jubilee, the Restitution or Millennial age, would be due.
And since the entire number of typical Jubilees, designed to precede the antitype, is thus proved to be seventy, we are thus furnished another means of calculating when the antitype is due to begin. The calculating of this prophetic statement of the entire number of Jubilees is simple and easy; and, as we should expect, its results agree exactly with those already obtained by the method of counting furnished by the Law.
The entire number being seventy, and nineteen of these having been observed in a half-hearted way by Israel before the desolation, it follows that the remaining fifty-one (70-19=51) mark the period from the last Jubilee which Israel imperfectly observed, down to the great antitype. But here note a difference in the manner of counting. Under the Law reckoning, we counted the future as well as the past cycles of forty-nine years with the fiftieth or Jubilee Year added; for the Law shows things as they would have been, had Israel carried them out properly. But prophecy records things just as they will actually occur. We are now examining the prophetic statement, remember, and hence should now reckon these cycles as they have occurredcycles of forty-nine years, without Jubilees; for Israel did not observe a Jubilee since their nineteenth one. The first nineteen cycles had Jubilee Years, but the fifty-one since have had none; hence we must reckon fifty-one cycles of forty-nine years each, or 2499 years (49 x 51 = 2499), from the last typical Jubilee observed by Israel to the antitype. This calculation, though entirely distinct from the other, ends exactly as shown by the Law method of reckoning previously examinedOctober, A.D. 1874.
Let us state this last proof in another form, for the benefit of some, thus: The full number of Jubilee cycles which God had ordained was seventy, as shown by the plain statements [B194] relative to the reason for the seventy years desolation of their land. This was to include those that Israel had observed in an unsatisfactory manner, which we have seen were nineteen, as well as all the cycles to follow, up to the antitype. We will now reckon all these from their commencement on entering Canaan, and see where they end.
19 Cycles with Jubilees added (50 years each)= 950 years
51 Cycles without Jubilees (49 years each) =2499 "
70 Cycles, therefore, cover a period of 3449 years
This period of 3449 years, reckoned from the entering of
Canaan, ends as the foregoing, October, A.D. 1874, thus:
From entering Canaan to division of the land.. 6 years
Period of the Judges to Saul the king......... 450 "
Period of the kings........................... 513 "
Period of the desolation...................... 70 "
From the restoration to A.D................... 536 "
Total number of years before the date
known as A.D..................................1575 "
Years since A.D., to complete above
period of 3449 years, are 1874 full years,
which would end (Jewish time) October.........1874 "
The period of the 70 cycles, as shown
above, from the beginning of the Jubilee
system, on entering Canaan, until
the antitype, the Great Jubilee, or Times --
of Restitution, began, Oct., A.D. 1874........3449 years
The logical conclusion, if these matters are accepted as of divine arrangement, is easily drawn. And if not divinely arranged, whence came they? We do not put them into the inspired Word: we merely find them there in all their simplicity and beauty, and, like all the other precious and rich food from the storehouse, which our Lord is now serving us
From entering Canaan:
To the division of
the land........... 6 yrs.
Period of Judges..... 450 "
Period of Kings...... 513 "
To the Desolation.... 969 "
19 Jubilees........ = 950 "
Remainder:......... 19 yrs.
Thus their last Jubilee was
observed 19 years before the
PERIOD SINCE LAST JUBILEE.
Before the "Desolation"
as above........... 19 yrs.
Years of Desolation.. 70 "
From the Restoration
by Cyrus to
A.D. 1............. 536 "
Years from A.D. 1
to A.D. 1874,
Oct. 10th (the
end of year
Jewish time).......1874 "
51 cycles (without Jubilees)
as they actually occurred
and were mentioned in prophecy,
49 years each = 2499
years. Or, total years from
entering Canaan to October
1874 = 3449 years.
The Period of 19 cycles
and Jubilees (950 years) and
51 cycles alone (2499 years)
= 3449 years.
Cycles of 7 x 7 = 49 years each,
after the Desolation of the Land,
when no Jubilees were attempted,
51 x 49 = 2499 years
To 950 years of Jubilee Observance add 2499 years since = 3449 years;
The full Period from the Commencement of this Typical
Jubilee System to the AntitypeEarth's Great
Jubilee, the Times of Restitution of All ThingsOctober, A.D. 1874
Oct. A.D. 1874, date of beginning of
Earth's Great Jubilee
according to his promise (Luke 12:37), this is nourishing "strong meat"not especially intended for "babes in Christ," but for those more developed, "who have their senses exercised" (Heb. 5:14) to discern and appreciate this meat now in "due season." If not of divine arrangement and intended for our instruction, how and why come the double proofs, matching and corroborating each other so perfectly? To convince yourself of their divine arrangement, notice that in no other place and way can these seventy years of Sabbaths in desolation be made to harmonize with the (50 x 50) cycle of the Great Jubilee. Try it. Prove it. Suppose either a mistake, or a change of one of the nineteen Jubilees kept by Israel: Suppose that eighteen (one less) or twenty (one more) had elapsed before the seventy years desolation began. Calculate, and you will see that these two lines of evidence, which so perfectly unite in the testimony that 1875 (beginning October, A.D. 1874) is the date of the beginning of the Times of Restitution, and the date, therefore, from which we may know that the heavens no longer retain our Lord, the great Restorer, cannot be united elsewhere, without doing violence to themselves, to the chronology, and to other prophecies yet to be examined.
If these time prophecies teach anything, it is that the Great Jubilee, the Times of Restitution of all things, has begun, and that we are already in the dawn of the Millennial age, as well as in the "harvest" of the Gospel agewhich ages lap one upon the other for forty yearsthe "day of wrath." We are already fourteen years into this forty-year-day of wrath; and preparations for the struggle are progressing rapidly. The coming twenty-six years, at the present momentum, will be quite sufficient for the accomplishment of "all things written."
Let no reader hastily conclude that there are no evidences of Restitution about us, nor that the Sun of Righteousness is not already gilding the watch towers of Zion and enlightening the world. Let him, on the contrary, reflect that we are already in the day when the hidden things are being made manifest; and let him remember that the first work of Restitution is properly a breaking down of the old and decaying structure which stands in the place which the new is to occupy. Remember that the first work of the tenderest physician is often to open the wounds, and to cleanse and amputate according to the necessities of the patient, in order to make thorough work of the healing. That such service causes pain and is seldom appreciated by the patient at the time, none need be told; and so it is with the work of the great Physician, the Restorer, the Life-giver: He wounds to heal, and the trouble and sifting in the Church and the world are but the lancing and cleansing needful, and a most important part of the Restitution work.
In the type, the Trumpet of Jubilee was to be sounded when the Jubilee Year began, to proclaim liberty throughout all the land, unto all the inhabitants thereof. (Lev. 25:10) The antitype is ushered in with the sounding of the (symbolic) "Seventh Trumpet," the "Trump of God," the "Last Trump." It is indeed the great trumpet: it announces liberty to every captive; and while at first it means the surrender of many expired claims and privileges, and a general time of disturbance and unsettling of usages, habits, etc., its full import, when rightly appreciated, is "good tidings of great joy which shall be unto all people."
In the early commotion, each one who hears the Jubilee Trumpet of the new dispensation is forcibly struck by some one of its many features and heeds no other. One sees the propriety of, and calls for, governmental reforms, the abolition of standing armies and their burdensome tax. Another [B198] calls for the abolition of titled aristocracy and the recognition of every man by his manly qualities. Others call for the abolition of landlordism, and demand that landholding shall be as at first, according to necessity, and ability and willingness to use. Others call for temperance reform, and by prohibitory and other laws, by Law and Order Societies, seek to chain this great evil, and begin to restrain men who for the love of money would ensnare, enslave and destroy fellowmen, and who, fastening their fangs into their weaknesses, would fatten and luxuriate upon their blood. Others form Humane and Anti-Cruelty Societies, to prevent those who have the ability from injuring the weak and dependent. Others form societies for the suppression of vice and of demoralizing literature. Others form Anti-Adulteration Societies to examine into adulterations of food, and to expose and prosecute and punish those who for love of greater gain adulterate food and make it even injurious to health. Laws are enacted for the protection of the lives and the health of the people. Miners must have pure air, no matter what the cost; they must have two ways of escape in case of fire. Working people, powerless to help themselves or to choose their places of work, are cared for by the public laws. They can no longer be paid when the employer may please, and in store-orders, but the law now demands that pay-day shall be at least every two weeks and in cash. They can no longer be crowded into buildings where in case of fire they would be liable either to burn to death or to maim themselves for life by jumping; for "fire-escapes" are compulsory, and for any death or injury traceable to carelessness on the part of the employer, he is held responsible, and is punishable, either by fines, damages or imprisonment. Wealthy corporations, such as own railroad and steam-ship lines, are compelled to care for the lives and interests of the people, the poor as well as the rich. These reforms [B199] are the result of the awakening of the people by the Jubilee Trump of knowledge and liberty, and are not traceable to pure benevolence on the part of the more favored class. For though all in the favored or wealthy class who are benevolent, and such as love righteousness, can and do rejoice in these beginnings of reform, others, and the majority, regretfully yield from necessity. True, such laws and arrangements are not yet perfected, nor are they universal; but the beginnings noticed rejoice our hearts, and give evidence of what may be expected in the exalting of the humble and lowly, and the abasing of the proud, when the Jubilee regulations are fully in operation. All these things are parts of the reform commotion ushering in Earth's Great Jubilee; and though much has been demanded, and much has been gradually conceded, yet kings, and emperors, and queenspolitical, social, ecclesiastical and financialwill not submit to the great leveling process of this Jubilee or Restitution age without a great and severe struggle, such as the Scriptures point out as just before us, and which, though severe, is unavoidable, and will work out ultimate good.
The spirit of "liberty throughout all the land" is indeed sometimes carried to an unreasonable extent by the ignorant and the hot-headed; and yet it is all part of the great unavoidable Jubilee excitement, occasioned by the ignorance and oppression of the past. None but the Lord's "little flock" is fully and correctly informed as to the grand scope of the Restitution. These see the minor changes, the straightening out of the lesser affairs of men, but they see also what can be seen from no other standpoint than God's Wordthat the great enslaver, Sin, is to be shorn of his power, that the great prisonhouse of Death is to be opened and a release presented to each prisoner, signed in the precious blood of the Lamb of God which taketh away the sin [B200] of the world, the great Redeemer and Restorer. Glad tidings indeed it shall be to all people, not only to the living, but also to all that are in their graves. Before the end of this great Jubilee every human being may go entirely freemay get back to man's first estate, "very good," receiving back through Christ all that was lost in Adam. | <urn:uuid:9292a8d7-48f1-43e7-a08f-eae7d9f58d5c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://htdbv8.com/Volume2/V2_06.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571090.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809215803-20220810005803-00069.warc.gz | en | 0.966189 | 11,224 | 2.3125 | 2 |
With some superglue from Hobby Lobby and some wood from conestoga, you can build yourself one heck of a dangerous slippery slope.
Hobby Lobby and conestoga Wood are trying to evade this requirement by creating a new category of faith—corporate religion.
The owners of Hobby Lobby and conestoga Wood cannot be allowed to impose their religious beliefs on their employees.
conestoga Wood Specialties Corporation A Pennsylvania-based wood cabinet and specialty products manufacturer.
conestoga Wood, which makes wood cabinets, is owned by conservative Mennonites.
In front of the building three conestoga wagons with stout mule teams stood ready.
It was inferior to the conestoga wagon in detail and equipments.
Its fall, immediately beside the conestoga, blocked Steve's window.
Others leaped overboard, some being drowned and some rescued through the efforts of the conestoga which was lying near.
conestoga waggons crowded on the Alleghanies, teams fell down precipices and perished, but the tide pushed madly on.
1690s, name of an Indian tribe in southcentral Pennsylvania, probably from some Iroquoian language and sometimes said to mean "people of the cabin pole;" later a place in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. A characteristic type of covered wagon, called Conestoga wagon, was built there from 1750 (about three years before the last of the Conestoga Indians were massacred), but it already was an established term, as the first reference is to the name of a Philadelphia tavern, and probably originally meant the type of wagon farmers used on the road from the city to Conestoga. Also a breed of horses (1824) and a type of boot and cigar (see stogie). | <urn:uuid:833cbc45-2d52-4977-936b-cd4c4f0bc767> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.dictionary.com/browse/conestoga | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282935.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00244-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954255 | 368 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Clue: Last of a dozen
We have 1 possible answer for the clue Last of a dozen which appears 3 times in our database.
- One of a dozen
- Like L, alphabetically
- Shakespeare's night
- See 39 Across
- Highest grade
- Shakespeare's '-- Night'
- July day celebrated by northern Unionists
- Northern Ireland's big July day
- Day for Ulster, night for Shakespeare
- Play-by -night?
- Bad for the grouse in Ulster
- It's great for the North, but it might have a grouse then
- Spare man for Ulster
- Grand for the North but something to grouse about on the moor
- A date with oranges in the North | <urn:uuid:12854d79-1d09-45a6-9580-57a9318d8ae2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.crosswordgiant.com/crossword-clue/423632/Last-of-a-dozen | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283008.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00090-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.921067 | 155 | 1.796875 | 2 |
The fatigue crack initiation and growth in a high loaded bolted bar connection made of high strength steel S1100Q is presented. The material parameters for the fatigue crack initiation f’, f’, b and c are determined using low cycle fatigue test according to ASTM E 606 standard. The fracture mechanics parameters C and m are determined according to ASTM E 647 standard. Based on low cycle fatigue parameters the computational analysis is performed to determine the number of stress cycles required for the fatigue crack initiation. The remain service life up to the final failure is than determined using the known parameters C and m and calculated stress intensity factor, where 3D numerical analysis is performed. The bolted bars are also experimentally tested. Comparison of computational and experimental results shows a reasonable agreement. | <urn:uuid:5480bcd9-3934-4c4d-8ea3-82fac2d77b96> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.scientific.net/KEM.417-418.737 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988725475.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183845-00509-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.87597 | 155 | 1.867188 | 2 |
There's a running joke in Latin America that the region should be allowed to vote for the U.S. president because the outcome matters so much here.
But with less than two weeks to go before the election, the region is feeling left out of the race. With Pres. Barack Obama and Gov. Mitt Romney focused on the U.S. economy and troubles in the Middle East, Latin America is getting short shrift on the campaign trail.
The final presidential debate this week on foreign policy, only underscored the point as Latin America was barely mentioned and both candidates seemed to try to answer every foreign policy question with a reference to the U.S. economy, said Michael Shifter of the Inter-American Dialogue.
“The foreign policy debate turned into a discussion about nation building in the United States — not nation building in Colombia or even Afghanistan,” he said.
Just a few years ago, former President George W. Bush called Mexico the United States’ most important bilateral partner. The country was barely mentioned in the three presidential debates.
Latin America was a “second-tier, or third-tier, or perhaps no-tier issue,” Shifter said during a forum organized by the University of Miami’s Center for Hemispheric Policy in Bogotá this week.
But in the globalized society, even far-flung political issues are at play in Latin America. When the candidates were asked about the pressing foreign issues of the day, they cited global terrorism, China and Iran. All three of those forces are at work in the region
Colombia is currently in peace talks with the Armed Revolutionary Forces of Colombia, or FARC guerrillas, which are considered a terrorist organization by the United States. And those talks are being held in Cuba — the hemisphere’s only nation considered a state-sponsor of terrorism by the U.S. government.
China has been making huge inroads into Latin America, becoming a key trading partner for many nations.
And Iran has close ties to Venezuela. Presidents Mahmud Ahmadinejad and Hugo Chávez have met almost a dozen times and the nations have announced more than 200 joint projects. Brazil — the hemisphere’s second-largest economy — is Iran’s largest trading partner in the region.
Venezuela and Cuba
Venezuela is where the two candidates’ rhetoric is perhaps most divergent. A few weeks ago, Obama said the Andean nation, which is also the United States’ fourth-largest supplier of oil, did not represent a danger to the United States.
Romney fired back, saying Chávez’s coziness with Cuba and Iran make him dangerous. The Republican platform spells out the position even more explicitly, calling Venezuela a “narco-terrorist” state and an “Iranian outpost in the Western Hemisphere” that is an “increasing threat” to the United States.
“We will stand with the true democracies of the region against both Marxist subversion and the drug lords, helping them to become prosperous alternatives to the collapsing model of Venezuela and Cuba,” the platform reads.
The GOP platform has also won praise from Miami’s Cuban exile community for its call to maintain sanctions until the Castro brothers are out of power and there are free and fair elections.
Obama has found fans among reformers for his willingness to engage with Cuba’s leadership and ease travel and remittance restrictions.
While the Democratic platform calls for “greater freedom” in Cuba and Venezuela, it provides few details.
U.S. fears about Venezuela and Cuba aren’t necessarily shared in the region. The United States staunchest ally in Latin America, Colombia, has publically praised both nations for shepherding peace talks with the FARC. And Cuba has been welcomed into multilateral bodies, such as the Alba and CELAC, the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States.
Both parties’ platforms highlight the need to fight drug cartels abroad, but don’t mention U.S. consumption. And they don’t address growing accusations in Latin America that Washington’s drug war has failed and is driving record violence in the region.
“The United States should be providing an energetic and proactive answer to those complaints,” said Bruce Bagley, a professor of international relations at the University of Miami.
But tackling the issue would mean taking on the powerful gun lobby and broaching the subject of treatment programs, or even legalization — both political kryptonite during an election year, wrote Ted Piccone, a senior fellow and deputy director at Brookings.
Latin America is torn by “violent crime, drug trafficking, and guns,” he wrote in Foreign Policy. “The United States is a responsible party on all these issues. We buy the cocaine, methamphetamines, and marijuana that flow across our borders, and we sell the weapons that fuel the traffickers’ gruesome attacks.”
The one issue both sides agree on is the need for more trade with Latin America to pull the United States out of its economic doldrums. The Obama administration can take credit for passing free trade agreements with Colombia and Panama last year, and has been pushing U.S. exports to the region.
But Romney says Obama should have done even more.
“The opportunities for us in Latin America we have just not taken advantage of fully,” Romney said during Monday’s debate. “As a matter of fact, Latin America’s economy is almost as big as the economy of China. We’re all focused on China. Latin America is a huge opportunity for us.”
Colombian Finance Minister Mauricio Cardenas praised Romney for repeatedly pointing out the potential of North-South trade. But he also thanked the Obama administration for its support in Colombia’s bid to join the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, OECD.
The hemisphere’s powerhouse Brazil — the world’s eighth-largest economy, just ahead of the United Kingdom — was never mentioned in Monday’s debate and isn’t mentioned at all in the GOP platform. The DNC platform praises the country’s vibrant democracy and concedes its growing importance, but offers few details about engagement.
In many ways, the fact that Washington isn’t focused on Latin America is a sign that the region has progressed, said Bagley. It’s no longer considered the war-torn narco-haven of the 1980s that threatened the hemisphere.
“From the point of view in Washington, the world is a dangerous place,” he said, “but Latin America isn’t.”
But the spotlight is likely to return once the race is over, said Susan Purcell, the director for UM’s Center of Hemispheric Policy.
“Everybody says they’re going to focus on domestic issues but they can’t withdraw from the world,” she said. “Either Obama or Romney are going to be spending a lot of time on foreign policy.” | <urn:uuid:df5fc485-442f-4bb3-b4fd-0403382c2264> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.kansas.com/news/politics-government/article1101511.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718426.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00137-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956127 | 1,481 | 2.046875 | 2 |
A parade of colorful flowers are a feast for the eyes and for the pollinators. In spring, the California lilac is covered in blue flowers and abuzz with bees. It's complemented by the zippy yellow flowers of the Halimium which have a red eye, that speaks to the bright new foliage of the dwarf barberry, Golden Ruby. Summer's flower fest is comprised of coneflowers mingling with Agastache, punctuated by the ivory towers of the Yucca. Spiky evergreen foliage of the Yucca contribute all-season structure, along with the Halimium and Ceanothus. Veronica liawanenis creates a carpet of ground-hugging evergreen foliage that surrounds it all and offers cobalt blooms in late spring, early summer.
Exposure: Full Sun, Afternoon Sun, Reflected Heat
Water Needs: Drought-tolerant, Low, Occasional
Features: Deer Resistant, Attracts Pollinator, Drought Tolerant, Fabulous Foliage, Flower Fest, Varied Foliage, Texture, and Form, Warm Colors, Wildlife Friendly
Focus: Curb Appeal, Hellstrip / Parking Strip, Mixed Border, Pleasing Seasonal Flow, Saving Water
Seasons of Interest: Spring, Summer, Fall, Pleasing Seasonal Changes, Three Seasons of Interest
Maintenance Level: medium | <urn:uuid:7dfb2d29-6019-4553-9176-bb0611b37232> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.egardengo.com/combo/drought-tolerant-flower-filled-plant-combo-for-full-sun | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.841343 | 324 | 2.203125 | 2 |
An AgSchool Certificate of Professional Development indicates a participant has successfully completed the requirements of the program and would have learned or been introduced to the farm management, practical and business skills listed below:
Farm Management Skills
- Agroforestry – Understands how and why to incorporate trees into crop planning and learn about multipurpose trees, nitrogen fixing trees, and most common tropical fruit species.
- Farming Models – Understands the various farming models including conventional, organic, and sustainable farming methods and the pros and cons of each model.
- Farm Safety – Understands safety protocols on a farm including use of tools and equipment and how to create a safety plan for a farming business.
- Crop Types – Understands classes of crops including root, leaf, fruit, and seed and the difference between crops with differing life cycles and management strategies for each type.
- Plant Taxonomy – Categorized a crop plant as a root, leaf, fruit or seed. Understands the importance of plant taxonomy for crop rotation and design crop rotations around crops with differing life cycles.
- Plant Anatomy – Understands the basic parts of a plant and the symbiotic relationship between plant structures and microorganisms.
- Crop Nutrients – Understands the importance of nutrient balance to a successful farming system.
- Plant/Crop Selection – Understands how to plant and manage diverse vegetable varieties and understand the benefits and limitations of annual and perennial crops.
- Pest Management – Understands how to develop a basic integrated pest management (IPM) plan. Understands various pesticide options, how to properly read pesticide labels and be able to use and apply pesticides properly.
- Composting – Understands basic composting and managing on-farm waste and build a compost pile.
- Crop Plan – Understands what elements are needed to design a crop plan and apply this to the design of a crop plan for 1/8-acre production of a 10-week CSA.
- Recordkeeping and Planning – Maintained field prep and production records and understand why they are useful.
- Food Safety – Understands basic food safety requirements and applied it on the farm (hygiene, cleaning, harvest & packing protocols)
- Tools – Familiar with basic farming tools and the safe and effective uses for each including: hand sickle/cane knives, pruners and hoes (colinear, hula/stirrup)
- Equipment – Safely operated under supervision the following: Weed eater, BCS
- Infrastructure – Prepped a farm plot including: mowing/flailing, tilling, making a raised bed, and adding compost and other inputs during plot preparation. Erected a net trellis system for vining crops and weave system for tomatoes.
- Irrigation – Installed irrigation systems, irrigated crops and understands different approaches to irrigating crops, when to use each type, and costs involved.
- Soil Health – Understands the components of healthy, high quality soil and how to prep a field from standing cover crop to a plantable area.
- Cover Crops – Understands what a cover crop is and what the potential benefits are for incorporating cover crops into a management rotation.
- Seeding and Planting – Prepared an appropriate potting mix from raw materials. Understands the purpose of each material used and how a starting mix is different than a stepping up mix. Planted seeds in nursery with soil mix and stepped up nursery starts into larger pots with soil mix then transplanted nursery crops into plot as well as direct sow crops in plot. Understands the spacing and depth requirements for each variety.
- Pest Control – Sprayed or applied pesticides and foliar nutrients under supervision.
- Weeding – Began to differentiate between weeds and crops, identified common weeds in the field, determined how and where they thrive, and management considerations. Identified weed pressures associated with small-scale vegetable production and understands how to use a flame weeder and manage weeds with hoe.
- Harvest – Understands safe harvesting protocols, health concerns with harvesting, quality control when harvesting for markets and how to pick, process, and pack produce for a CSA.
- Business Operations – Understands the steps to take to be a commercial producer at various scales.
- Revenue Options – Understands market models such as a farmers market, CSA, and wholesale.
- Marketing – Sold product, interacted with a customer, volunteered at a farmers’ market, obtained customer feedback and developed educational material for customer retention. | <urn:uuid:2865e65d-2886-48e2-bafb-b6377501526e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://gofarmhawaii.org/agschool-certificate-of-professional-development/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573760.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819191655-20220819221655-00677.warc.gz | en | 0.904955 | 940 | 3.734375 | 4 |
Mary Jo White and the Securities and Exchange Commission
Who is Mary Jo White?
We will write a custom Assessment on California Securities Commission and Civil Code specifically for you
807 certified writers online
Born on December 27, 1947, Mary Jo White is “a former prosecutor and defense lawyer” (Tran 3). He has a long record of civil service in the country. She is married to John W. White. She worked as a U.S Attorney for Southern New York District for nine years. Such a record is an indication of her experience as a civil servant. The nine years she worked in the country’s judicial system saw her tackle some of the highest-profile cases in history. For instance, the lady oversaw the prosecution of terrorists suspected of the 1993 World Trade Center bombing. Also, she prosecuted John Gotti in a case that attracted a lot of attention. Gotti was one of the well-known mafia bosses in the region. The above are just some examples of the cases she handled in the nine years (Warner 18).
Other responsibilities that White assumed in her career included serving as an independent director for Nasdaq Stock Exchange. She served in this position between 2002 and 2006. She also served as the chair of Debevoise & Plimpton’s litigation department. As such, her immense experience in this field is apparent.
What Job does she do for the Federal Government?
Currently, Mary Jo White serves in the federal government as the Chairwoman of the Securities and Exchange Commission (Tran 3). Her appointment to this powerful and very influential position made her the 31st chairperson of the Securities and Exchange Commission. She is the second woman to lead the agency and the first prosecutor leading the regulatory agency in its history (Warner 18).
What is the Job of SEC?
The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is one of the several agencies formed by the United States federal government. By this law, the SEC is tasked with the responsibility of enforcing the Trust Indenture Act of 1939. It is also tasked with the responsibility of implementing the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940. Also, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 are under the auspices of this commission (“Securities Exchange Act of 1934” par. 23).
The major role of the SEC is regulatory. Therefore, the primary responsibilities of the SEC include enforcement of federal securities laws and regulation of the securities industry. The commission also regulates the national stocks and options exchange market. Electronic securities, an emerging market in the securities industry, are also under the regulation of the commission (“Securities Exchange Act of 1934” par. 57).
Due to the wide scope of its responsibilities, the law allows the Securities and Exchange Commission to delegate some of its duties. Through a published order or rule, SEC can delegate its functions to individual commissioners, employees, and employee boards. The commission can also delegate its duties to administrative law judges and commissions, especially when there are cases that need to be heard (“Securities Exchange Act of 1934” par. 63).
The SEC protects investors, regulates the market, and monitors corporate takeovers in the United States of America. The three are just some of the roles the commission plays in the country. The statutes enforced by the commission facilitate full public disclosures and protect public investors from fraud and manipulative practices. Such practices are prevalent in the securities market (Tran 4).
When was SEC Created?
The agency was created in 1934.
What is the Name of the Law that created SEC?
The body was created by the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The structure and roles of the commission are specified under section four of the act, which is currently codified as “15 U.S.C. § 78d” (“Securities Exchange Act of 1934” par. 57).
Get your first paper with 15% OFF
How does SEC get its Money?
The SEC usually incurs substantial operational costs in the execution of its mandated duties. Aside from allocations from the treasury, SEC imposes fines on individuals or corporations found guilty of violating industry regulations. The fines act as restoration for damages to either the state or victims of the violations.
In 2012, Mary L. Schapiro, then Chair of SEC, noted that the organization had filed “a record 735 enforcement actions in the fiscal year” (Cheney 26). Also, the organization had collected amounts exceeding $2.8 billion from penalties and disgorgements. SEC reorganization between 2009 and 2010 was credited with the achievements.
What are some of the Criticisms directed towards the SEC between 2000 and 2007?
Between 2000 and 2007, the SEC has been subjected to several criticisms. One of the major criticisms is the recent questioning of the effectiveness of the organization (Cheney 26). For instance, the organization was faulted over its failure to spot problems with Bernard L. Madoff Investment Securities LLC. It was also criticized for failure to detect anomalies in the operations of Lehman Brother Holdings and other deals before they collapsed. Members of the public were deeply concerned over such failures (Cheney 26). There are also concerns raised over major Wall Street organizations investigated by the SEC about fraud and found guilty. Critics are concerned by the lenient punishment meted out on these organizations. However, the organization is quick to defend itself. The organizations’ top leadership has especially come out to defend their work.
What has SEC been up to lately?
Recently, the organization has received immense coverage in the media. The coverage has been both positive and negative. For instance, the organization’s requirements for posting margins early this year faced a lot of opposition from the media. Many of the critics fear that the rule regulating security-based swap dealers and their posting of margins would stymie financial operations in the country (Balras, Christensen, and Senate 21).
According to Robert Pickel, CEO of the International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc., the requirements for posting margins are problematic. The requirements would curtail the use of ‘uncleared’ swaps in hedging. Such a measure will disrupt financial services, such as corporate financing and the availability of home loans (Balras et al. 22).
California Civil Code section 1770
Unfair Methods of Competition and Unfair or Deceptive Acts or Practices Representing that Goods are Original or New if they have Deteriorated Unreasonably or are Altered, Reconditioned, Reclaimed, used, or Secondhand
Amani Inc. is a U.S based company operating in New Albany City, Mississippi. The company specializes in the distribution of furniture in the region. The organization has operated in the region for several years. Recently, several consumers have complained about the quality of the products sold by the company. The company poses as a seller of firsthand items, ranging from office furniture to furniture for home use. The company also purports to manufacture the furniture locally. The organization used to collect customized orders from customers with promises of 100% conformity to requirements. In its advertisements, the company claims that its products are of high quality, standardized, and 100% locally made. However, in an actual sense, the company has been violating all these promises.
Out of the large number of furniture orders placed with the company, only a small fraction proves to be locally made. The company imports some of its products, which are refurbished and then forwarded to the clients as new. Restoration of the products takes place in the company’s local factories, where new products are claimed to be made. Due to these undertakings, the company can sell its products at a much lower price than its competitors. Cheaper prices are possible since the production costs are lower than would be expected if the company maintained standards they purport to hold.
The company violates the California Civil Code 1770, section (a), number (6. Unlike the competitors operating in the region, most of the products distributed by Amani Inc. are not original. Also, the products are secondhand and not brand new as expected. The actions of the company are not only unfair to the consumers, but also the competitors. If the other companies try to compete with Amani and engage the company in price wars, they will lose a lot. Thus, Amani Inc. is guilty of unfair competition and practices under this code.
Advertising Goods or Services with Intent not to sell them as Advertised
Advertising Goods or Services with Intent not to Supply Reasonably Expectable Demand, unless the Advertisement Discloses a Limitation of Quantity
Bidou Limited is a national telecommunications company operating in the country. It has operated in the industry for more than ten years. Since its inception, the company has offered telecommunication services, such as internet and telephone calls. Although the company has continually developed new products over the years, the internet and telephone services are its backbones.
Increasing competition in the telecommunication industry has, however, forced the company to resort to unethical practices. Such unethical practices are especially evident in the company’s advertising campaigns. The company is aware of the power of advertising. It has effectively used this strategy to manipulate consumers in the industry. Recently, the company lowered the prices of services and informed consumers about this through advertisements. The company promises consumers a high quality of services. Its ability to affect price cuts under the current difficult market conditions raises suspicion.
A critical analysis of the company reveals that it charges consumers more than it claims. The company has put in place energy-saving policies that greatly undermine the quality of services delivered. In the advertisements, the company purports that its internet speeds are fast and the signal strength. Also, the company promises to reward consumers with additional bundles depending on the amount bought.
However, it appears the company does not maintain honesty in the delivery of services. Reduction of data bundle sizes takes place without the knowledge of the customer given that their devices do not keep track of data consumption. Such reductions are disguised and not detected easily. Signal disruptions and speed fluctuations occur without notice. Coverage is not consistent, compromising the quality of services delivered. Consumers and competitors are not aware of these maneuvers. Under ideal market conditions, these practices are unfair. Competitors are not aware of these practices. Also, the advertisements do not reflect the status of the actual delivery of services by the company.
Representing that Goods or Services have Sponsorship, Approval, Characteristics, Ingredients, Uses, Benefits, or Quantities, which they do not have or that a Person has a Sponsorship, Approval, Status, Affiliation, or Connection, which he or she does not have
Cool springs Limited is a company operating in the U.S. The company specializes in the manufacture and distribution of bottled water. The company is a market leader in the industry, with its services spanning the entire country. Most of the company’s products are consumed in the cities, with the majority of clients being employees of city firms.
The company claims that its bottled water is pure. In addition to distillation, the company claims that the water comes from pure springs located in the Alaskan forests. It also claims that the water is both energizing and refreshing. According to the company, the water has no chemical additives, such as Chlorine. The company claims that the product is certified by various regulating agencies. It also claims the products are inspected by the Food and Drug Administration agency.
In reality, however, the water bottled by the company comes from different rivers in the country. Also, the company harvests rainwater during the rainy season and packs it for sale. Such actions contravene the claims made in adverts. Also, the energizing effect of the bottled water on individuals is dubious. A close inspection of the company reveals that it cannot distill all the bottled water it sells. As such, the company jeopardizes the quality of the product.
Therefore, Coolsprings contravenes the California Civil Code 1770, Section (a) number (5). The representation of the company’s products is misleading. The ingredients, benefits, and endorsements of the product are also misrepresented. Apart from misinforming the consumers about the products, the company achieves a competitive edge from this misrepresentation.
Balras, Stephen, Dallon Christensen, and Nanda Senathi. “SEC Requirements for Posting Margins Face Opposition.” Strategic Finance 95.3 (2013): 21-22. Print.
Cheney, Glenn. “The Teeth of the SEC: Too Sharp, or not Sharp Enough?.” Financial Executive 28.5 (2012): 26-28. Print.
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 2012. Web.
Tran, Hung. “Striking Out with Mary Jo White.” Money Management Executive 21.5 (2013): 3-4. Print.
Warner, Judy. “Much Ado about Mary Jo White.” NACD Directorship 39.2 (2013): 18-19. Print. | <urn:uuid:57ce56cb-e736-488b-a3bd-fb9a9d1cb3f6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ivypanda.com/essays/california-securities-commission-and-civil-code/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00677.warc.gz | en | 0.958968 | 2,711 | 1.570313 | 2 |
Job flexibility, but at what cost?
'Gig' economy workers -- think Instacart shoppers, Uber and Lyft drivers -- strive for higher pay
Kelsey Davidson has grocery shopping down to a science.
When she picks up a new "batch" of items for Instacart, the grocery delivery service she works for as a contract employee, the first thing she does is check to see if there are any bakery or deli items on the customer's shopping list. If there are, she goes to the counter to place those orders, to have them filled and stored somewhere cool while she goes through the rest of the store.
After that, she moves on to non-refrigerated items, like pasta, canned goods, snacks and bottles of soda, before heading over to produce for the stuff that needs to stay cold. The last place she goes is the frozen foods aisle, in order to minimize the amount of time between taking food out of the freezer and putting it in the customer's hands.
She checks expiration dates to make sure that the products she's buying won't go bad the very next day. In high traffic corners of the store — like the produce section — she'll park her cart in a spot that's out of the way so she can maneuver in and out of tight spaces more easily. She brings insulated grocery bags with her to store things like yogurt, fruits and vegetables. And she knows the best way to configure her cart so everything fits in neatly, like a game of Tetris. And that's just the tip of the iceberg.
Davidson works full-time as a "shopper" for the grocery delivery app Instacart, picking up orders from customers in the Bradenton area and delivering them to their homes within a two-hour window. Sixty hours a week, she logs into the Instacart app and waits for orders to roll in, hoping to be offered quality batches that will make working that day worth her while financially.
Davidson is a worker in the modern American "gig" economy, which in its purest form means people who are hired and paid to carry out a specific task. In recent years, the gig economy has taken on a bit of a new meaning with the introduction of apps like Uber, Lyft, Instacart, Shipt and others.
Because Instacart shoppers, Uber and Lyft drivers and other gig economy workers are independent contractors, they're not covered by the same employment and labor protections as people who are legally classified as company employees. This creates complications for workers, many of whom said they're basically treated like they're salaried without the benefits or substantive reimbursements. For example, Instacart penalizes shoppers who refuse too many orders in a row by making it harder for them to pick up future shifts.
Chris Jones, an economics professor at the University of South Florida, said that while companies like Uber are going to have to look at potentially increasing compensation as workers continue to demand it, doing that could lead to a higher cost for the customer, which could be a huge disruption to the company's current business model.
"The concern becomes, if the workers with these contracts for these organizations are successful in increasing their compensation demands, both in terms of salary and any potential benefits, then the cost advantage between taking an Uber trip and taking a taxi narrows," Jones said. "The reason this service exists is because of customers — because customers perceives a benefit of taking this service as opposed to another."
Scope of the market
Gig economy jobs are growing at a time when the U.S. unemployment rate is at a near-50-year low of 3.6 percent.
"It would be incorrect to say that we aren't seeing quality job growth in a number of sectors, including high tech, services jobs that are paying good money. We do have a lot of tech sector jobs where we’ve seen job growth to the point where we’re actually seeing labor shortages," he said. "With that said, a lot of the job growth has come, in not only gig economy jobs but also from others which you would call less than full time but also less than high wage type of occupations that make the employment situation seem a little bit rosier than what it is."
Still, Jones said, app-based gig jobs make up a relatively small portion of the labor force.A study from the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System released in May found that 3% of surveyed adults said they participated in gig work using a website or mobile app to connect with customers.
"It's not like the gig economy is going to overtake our current economic infrastructure as being the dominant aspect of economic activity," Jones said. "A lot of the weight that we give to the significance of the gig economy is based on perception and presence — how we end up seeing it in our daily lives — really more so than the true economic output in terms of sales revenue."
As the gig sector of the economy continues to grow, workers are demanding better compensation. In April, the office of the general counsel of the National Labor Relations Board released a memo saying that since Uber drivers set their own hours, own their own cars and can work for competing ride-share companies, they can't be considered employees under federal labor law. The National Labor Relations Act, which outlines the unionization rights of workers, does not apply to independent contractors, according to the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations.
Uber itself acknowledged how worker demands for higher wages could impact its bottom line in documents filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
"We believe that drivers are independent contractors because, among other things, they can choose whether, when, and where to provide services on our platform, are free to provide services on our competitors’ platforms, and provide a vehicle to perform services on our platform. Nevertheless, we may not be successful in defending the independent contractor status of drivers in some or all jurisdictions," the company wrote in a filing. "Furthermore, the costs associated with defending, settling or resolving pending and future lawsuits (including demands for arbitration) relating to the independent contractor status of drivers could be material to our business."
Jonathan Oldano of Bradenton has been an Uber driver since February. He wanted a break from a regular 9-to-5 job, and he needed more flexibility because he was in the process of starting his own company. He works about 80 hours a week and grosses about $200 a day — but that's before you account for expenses, wear and tear and Uber's cut. On a day where he grosses $200 in pay, the amount that he takes home is closer to $7 an hour.
"That's below minimum wage," he said. "If there was some sort of standard pricing that would be better. They should raise our 'wages.' We're on the streets driving around all day. It's one of the riskiest jobs you can have."
Instacart has come under fire in recent months for changes to its pay structure. Shoppers used to make a $3 minimum batch payment for every order, plus 40 cents per unit.
Then, late last year, the company changed the minimum batch payment to be $10 per batch, removing the 40 cents per unit incentive. But that $10 minimum was inclusive of tips, a move that enraged shoppers and caused them to start a boycott of smaller orders in protest.
In response, the company replaced the $10 tip-inclusive minimum with a $7 to $10 minimum payment for full-service batches and added bonuses for quality of service and peak boosts for shopping during busy times. The minimum payments includes mileage reimbursement of 60 cents per mile, which is applicable only to the trip between the grocery store and the customer's home or business.
"Our goal is to create a marketplace where shoppers, customers, and retailers can thrive. We believe bringing more clarity to our product and holding ourselves accountable is the right thing to do," chief product officer David Hahn wrote in a letter posted on Medium.com announcing the new payment changes after the backlash. "We’re committed to continuing to have an open dialogue with you as we focus on making meaningful changes designed to improve the Instacart shopper experience."
But some shoppers have said the new system still requires them to work much longer hours for less pay.
Sherri Cliburn, a shopper who said she was the first to work for Instacart in Sarasota County, said that sometimes orders for multiple customers will be packed on to the $7-$10 minimum. When she started shopping two years ago, she used to pull in $1,200 a week working six to seven days. Now she works just as long, and made $700 the week of May 20.
"We're lucky if we can pull in $100 a day. People aren't tipping us. I think a lot of people think we get paid hourly," she said, noting that the suggested tip Instacart prompts customers with is 5%. She said she prefers for customers to tip her between 15% and 20%. It's always better to tip after the fact, she said, because if a refund has to be issued, it comes out of the tip.
To let shoppers know that they'll be tipped after the fact, Cliburn said, customers can enter a 22-cent tip when they place the order — 22 cents being the national code for universal code for "I'll tip you after the fact." Rating shoppers is also important, Cliburn said, because that affects how they can pick their hours.
On Monday, June 4, Davidson was offered a batch of 12 items for a total payment of $18.03, including a $10.48 payment from Instacart, a $7.55 tip and a $2 peak boost for a delivery 7.5 miles away from the Publix at 75th Street and Manatee Avenue West where she was shopping. Later that same day, she was offered a 55-item, 78-unit batch for a 3.1 mile drive for a total of $14.99 with no tip.
"We're using our bodies, our cars, our gas, all the expenses — some of it's charity work. They're basically saying, 'Hey, can you pay to shop for somebody?'" she said.
This works for Instacart because of employee turnover, Davidson said. New shoppers will come in and accept the smaller orders for a few weeks, only to quit a few weeks later when they realize they aren't making any money, she said.
Betsy Bray, a shopper for Instacart in Manatee County and driver for Uber Eats, Grubhub, DoorDash, Shipt and Postmates, said that when it comes to gig jobs, you have to take the good with the bad.
"My view is, if I don't like the order, I don't do it. Companies are always changing stuff all the time. They say they're trying to make it better. Sometimes some parts are better, some parts are worse," she said. "With the new system, we can actually see the order pay before we accept, we can see how much they're tipping before they put the order in, so I can make a more educated decision to see if it's worth it."
Davidson recently returned to shopping full-time after spending a few months working as a personal assistant. When she started shopping about a year ago, she used to make $700 to $800 a week working five days. Now, she's on the app almost seven days a week and struggles to make $500.
Despite the challenges that come with their jobs, Instacart shoppers said their profession is very fulfilling. Bray said she sees it as a challenge for herself to work faster and deliver as many orders as possible.
"When I deliver I have a big smile on my face. I might be one of the only people these people see for days or for weeks. Sometimes they have grown-up children in other states putting orders in for them, and they're happy to see me, I always lighten their day," she said. "I like talking to people. I like seeing all the dogs and all the pets. One lady had a turtle in a little pond; that was really cute. And I'm working for myself with no boss breathing down my neck." | <urn:uuid:6c17aac2-d9ba-4cc7-87da-e8ec62b79841> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.heraldtribune.com/story/business/briefs/2019/06/10/gig-economy-workers-in-sarasota-manatee-strive-for-higher-pay/4948741007/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00669.warc.gz | en | 0.975937 | 2,558 | 2.125 | 2 |
With daylight saving time approaching in early November, we’re considering the importance of sleep for children. While we will be gaining an hour, how much sleep is really needed for children? The answer is that it depends on their age.
About a decade ago, pediatricians debated this question in response to a review of 32 sets of sleep recommendations that dated from 1897 to 2009. According to “Never Enough Sleep: A Brief History of Sleep Recommendations for Children,” published in Pediatrics: Official Journal of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), recommendations declined by about .71 minutes per year, with actual amounts of sleep declining in similar ways.
AAP’s conclusion was as follows: “A lack of empirical evidence for sleep recommendations was universally acknowledged. Inadequate sleep was seen as a consequence of ‘modern life,’ associated with technologies of the time. No matter how much sleep children are getting, it has always been assumed that they need more.”
So, what has changed since 2012? What are the current sleep recommendations? How closely should you follow them?
To answer the last question first, parents should use sleep recommendations as a starting point, adjusting them up or down in accordance with the child’s individual needs. Behavior, both at home and at school and childcare, is a reasonable indicator of each child’s sleep needs and should guide bedtimes.
Now, here are responses to the first two questions. In 2016, the AAP released revised sleep recommendations for children. For optimal health, during a 24-hour period, here are their minimum and maximum recommendations for children by age:
- Ages 4-12 months: 12-16 hours (including naps)
- Ages 1-2 years: 11-14 hours (including naps)
- Ages 3-5 years: 10-13 hours (including naps)
- Age 6-12 years: 9-12 hours
- Age 13-18 years: 8-10 hours
Here are the Sleep Foundation’s recommendations, including naps:
- 0 to 3 months old: 14-17 hours
- 4-11 months: 12-15 hours
- 1-2 years old: 11-14 hours
- 3-5 years old: 10-13 hours
- 6-13 years old: 9-11 hours
WebMD offers similar recommendations (but ones that aren’t exactly the same).
Tips for Healthier Sleep
The Cleveland Clinic offers helpful tips, including creating a regular sleep schedule that has bedtime and wake-up times that don’t vary by more than 30 to 45 minutes between weeknights and the weekend. Create a consistent bedtime routine that helps to prepare your children for sleep, which includes turning off screens at least an hour before it’s time for bed.
To make sleep easier for your child, ensure that they’re getting at least an hour of physical activity every day with outdoor play in the morning having extra benefits. Plus, cut off caffeine and sugary drinks during the second half of the day. As an added tip, be a good role model and prioritize sleep for yourself.
HealthyChildren.org emphasizes the importance of a bedroom environment that supports sleep. This includes a comfortable temperature with lighting with dimming capabilities. Make your child’s bed a place to sleep, not to play. Although a favorite stuffed animal or blanket can be helpful, don’t fill the bed up with toys.
Sleep Problem Awareness
Check in with your children’s teachers and child care providers to make sure they’re alert during the day. If they aren’t getting enough sleep at night, this can lead to daytime problems with attention and behavior. If you find it challenging to address their sleep problems on your own, talk to your pediatrician. Most issues can be addressed fairly easily.
Sleep.org says that keeping a sleep diary that contains a child’s bedtime and wake-up time, information about how long it takes for them to fall asleep, sleeping complaints made, and so forth can be helpful when you discuss issues with the pediatrician. Be prepared to talk about the quantity of sleep your child is getting as well as the quality. Also, be proactive. The sooner you address any challenges, the more easily they can usually be handled so your child can get a good night’s sleep. | <urn:uuid:09ccef8d-b4f8-405c-a1bc-279cc128d5f4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.horizoneducationcenters.org/blog/bid/139361/how-much-sleep-does-your-child-need | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00478.warc.gz | en | 0.950222 | 910 | 3.3125 | 3 |
What is a 'Golden Cross'
The golden cross is a bullish breakout pattern formed from a crossover involving a security's short-term moving average (such as the 15-day moving average) breaking above its long-term moving average (such as 50-day moving average) or resistance level. As long-term indicators carry more weight, the golden cross indicates a bull market on the horizon and is reinforced by high trading volumes.
BREAKING DOWN 'Golden Cross'There are three stages to a golden cross. The first stage requires that a downtrend eventually bottoms out as selling is depleted. In the second stage, the shorter moving average forms a crossover up through the larger moving average to trigger a breakout and confirmation of trend reversal. The last stage is the continuing uptrend for the follow through to higher prices. The moving averages act as support levels on pullbacks, until they crossover back down at which point a death cross may form. The death cross is the opposite of the golden cross as the shorter moving average forms a crossover down through the longer moving average.
Applications of the Golden Cross
The most commonly used moving averages are the 50-period and the 200-period moving average. The period represents a specific time increment. Generally, larger time periods tend to form stronger lasting breakouts. For example, the daily 50-day moving average crossover up through the 200-day moving average on an index like the S&P 500 is one of the most popular bullish market signals. With a bell weather index, the motto "A rising tide lifts all boats" applies when a golden cross forms as the buying resonates throughout the index components and sectors.
Day traders commonly use smaller time periods like the 5-period and 15-period moving averages to trade intra-day golden cross breakouts. The time interval of the charts can also be adjusted from 1 minute to weeks or months. Just as larger periods make for stronger signals, the same applies for chart time periods as well. The larger the chart time frame, the stronger and lasting the golden cross breakout tends to be. For example, a monthly 50-period and 200-period moving average golden cross is significantly stronger and longer lasting than the same 50.200- period moving average crossover on a 15-minute chart. Golden cross breakout signals can be utilized with various momentum oscillators like stochastic, moving average convergence divergence (MACD) and relative strength index (RSI) to track when the uptrend is overbought and oversold. This helps to spot ideal entries and exits. | <urn:uuid:226db4a1-f272-406b-b18b-41fd22de742e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.investopedia.com/terms/g/goldencross.asp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280891.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00160-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.913437 | 515 | 1.90625 | 2 |
This site is entirely user-supported. See how you can help.
We don't have any photos of this building yet. Why don't you be the first to send us one?
Latitude: 50.1892 / 50°11'21"N
Longitude: -5.4232 / 5°25'23"W
OS Eastings: 155745
OS Northings: 37740
OS Grid: SW557377
Mapcode National: GBR DXZ5.YDX
Mapcode Global: VH12M.YH9T
Plus Code: 9C2P5HQG+MP
Entry Name: Bridge at Approximately 50 Metres North West of the Custom House
Listing Date: 14 January 1988
Source: Historic England
Source ID: 1143676
English Heritage Legacy ID: 70177
Location: Hayle, Cornwall, TR27
Civil Parish: Hayle
Built-Up Area: Hayle
Traditional County: Cornwall
Lieutenancy Area (Ceremonial County): Cornwall
Church of England Parish: Phillack
Church of England Diocese: Truro
Tagged with: Bridge
HAYLE CUSTOM HOUSE QUAY, Hayle
10/81 Bridge at approximately 50 metres
- north west of The Custom House
Bridge over stream. Circa early C19. Granite rubble with copper slag blocks
used as shaped copings. Single span bridge widened at south west side circa
Original south-west parapet wall has curtailed ends.
Listing NGR: SW5574537740
This text is from the original listing, and may not necessarily reflect the current setting of the building.
External links are from the relevant listing authority and, where applicable, Wikidata. Wikidata IDs may be related buildings as well as this specific building. If you want to add or update a link, you will need to do so by editing the Wikidata entry.
Other nearby listed buildings | <urn:uuid:b2e12078-556a-4dd6-a613-84f6a6daca42> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/101143676-bridge-at-approximately-50-metres-north-west-of-the-custom-house-hayle | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00273.warc.gz | en | 0.887761 | 438 | 1.671875 | 2 |
SIERRA NEVADA FIGURE SKATING CLUB
The purpose of Sierra Nevada Figure Skating Club is to create interest in all phases of amateur figure skating and to encourage, educate and support the skaters and their families.
The Club was founded in 1970 and incorporated in 1981 under the laws of the State of Nevada as a Not-for-Profit organization.
SNFSC is a member of US Figure Skating (USFS,) the major governing body of all figure skating clubs in the United States.
SNFSC is governed by an elected several member Board. The Board meetings are held at least once monthly and are open to all members.
Our purpose has always been to promote interest in all phases of skating.
The Club sponsors various shows, such as “Rising Stars on Ice”. The club also holds exhibitions, classes for members, hosts an annual awards banquet, participates in community service projects and organizes trips to special skating events.
As a Club member you will be able to test and compete in USFS-sanctioned
Other benefits of club membership include:
- USFS membership card
- monthly SNFSC newsletter/roster
- “SKATING” magazine
- copy of the USFS rule book/directory
- and a distinctive Club jacket for members (and family) is available for purchase | <urn:uuid:e404edb4-24de-4d40-b4f8-6bead94c58a8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.snfsc.com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279650.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00439-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.963878 | 280 | 1.5 | 2 |
(used in praising a female performer).
a shout of “brava!”.
What to Eat: Tapas Cookstr.com February 22, 2010
Raleigh Edmund Gosse
Beyond John Galsworthy
The Mapleson Memoirs, vol II James H. Mapleson
Francezka Molly Elliot Seawell
Miss Marjoribanks Mrs (Margaret) Oliphant
Bambi Marjorie Benton Cooke
The Sunny Side of Diplomatic Life, 1875-1912 Lillie DeHegermann-Lindencrone
A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels, Volume X Robert Kerr
Our Little Brazilian Cousin Mary F. Nixon-Roulet
a pretentious, swaggering display of courage. Contemporary Examples Obama’s Foreign Policy Doctrine Finally Emerges With ‘Offshore Balancing’ Peter Beinart November 27, 2011 The Great Character Actor: Guy Pearce on His Brilliant Career, From ‘Priscilla’ to ‘The Rover’ Richard Porton May 22, 2014 Did Picasso Try to Steal the Mona Lisa? Nick Mafi October 22, 2014 […]
Crystallography, lattice (def 4). noun (crystallog) any of 14 possible space lattices found in crystals
Also, put up a brave front. Face adversity cheerfully. For example, Even though she had been passed over for promotion, she put on a brave face. Try to appear brave even though very frightened. For example, Harry was terrified of animals, but his boss was a dog lover, so he put up a brave front. […]
Face danger or a difficult situation with courage. For example, They had far fewer votes than the opposition, but they decided to brave it out. [ Late 1500s ] Also, brazen it out. Boast or swagger, act with impudent bravado. For example, They hadn’t been invited but decided to stay and brazen it out. [ […] | <urn:uuid:4d15baf5-91fe-4bab-a2a1-ac0404417936> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://definithing.com/define-dictionary/brava/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721558.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00044-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.883244 | 421 | 1.976563 | 2 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.