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According to a new market report published by Transparency Market Research "Neurology Devices Market (CSF Shunts, CSF Drainage, Clot Retriever, Snare, Embolic Coil, Flow Diversion, Neurosurgery & Neurostimulation Devices) - Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends and Forecast, 2013 - 2019," the global neurology devices market was valued at USD 5.0 billion in 2012 and is expected to grow at a CAGR of 15.4% from 2013 to 2019, to reach an estimated value of USD 13.6 billion in 2019.
Browse the full report with complete TOC at http://www.transparencymarketresearch.com/neurology-devices-market.html
Rising number of neurological disorders such ischemic stroke, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinsonism, glioblastomas (brain cancer), multiple sclerosis and trauma are primary factors responsible for the growth of neurological devices market. Moreover, rise in geriatric and obese population along with augmented demand for minimally invasive surgery techniques have boosted the overall growth of this market. In addition, preference of patients to adopt neurological devices over drugs has been a growing trend, owing to lack of effectiveness and considerable side effects of these drugs.
Lack of reimbursement and unfavorable taxation policies of the U.S. and European governments have negatively affected the growth of this market. Companies in these regions are now vying for growth in emerging markets like India, China and Brazil. Rise in GDP and allocation of healthcare funds in emerging markets such as Asia and Latin America are also aiding the growth. The major players in this industry are also facing stiff competition from the regional manufacturers of these countries. However, significant R&D and branding of these products is helping these companies in improving their bottom line. Companies are heavily focusing on introducing innovative products that are easy to use for physicians as well as patients and are aiming to make them more portable. The indomitable players of this market are Medtronic, St.Jude, Boston Scientific, Covidien and Integra.
The neurostimulation devices market segment was valued to be the largest market and anticipated to grow at the highest growth rate of over 15% from 2013 to 2019. The interventional neurology devices market segment is also expected to foresee a healthy growth. The rise in interventional devices has been attributed to rising incidence of aneurysms and stroke thus compelling the demand for these devices.
The neurothrombectomy devices market was valued to be more than USD 60 million in 2012 and is expected to grow at the highest growth rate of over 15% from 2013 to 2019 of the entire interventional neurology market. Whereas, the sacral nerve stimulation market of the overall neurostimulation market is expected to have a healthy growth rate of over 20% from 2013 to 2019. This growth is primarily attributed to raise in demand for urinary and fecal incontinence devices.
Geographically the North American market accounted for the largest share of neurology devices and is valued to be more than USD 3.0 billion in 2012. However, Asian countries namely India and China are witnessing fast growth and are predicted to emerge as dominating markets in the near future owing to rise in awareness of neurological diseases and increased disposable income in these nations.
The major players of this market include Medtronic, Integra, Covidien, Johnson and Johnson, St.Jude, Boston Scientific and others.
The global neurology devices market is segmented as follows:
Neurology Devices Market, By Types
- CSF Management Devices
- CSF Shunts
- CSF Drainage
- Interventional Neurology Devices
- Cerebral Balloon Angioplasty and Stents
- Aneurysm Coiling
- Neurovascular catheters
- Neurosurgery Devices
- Stereotactic Systems
- Ultrasound Aspirators
- Aneurysm Clips
- Neurostimulation Devices
- Spinal Cord Stimulation
- Vagus Nerve Stimulation
- Deep Brain Stimulation
- Sacral Nerve Stimulation
- Gastric Nerve Stimulation
Neurology Devices Market, by Geography
- North America
- Asia Pacific
- Rest of the World (RoW)
According to a new market report published by Transparency Market Research "Neurology Devices Market (CSF Shunts, CSF Drainage, Clot Retriever, Snare, Embolic Coil, Flow Diversion, Neurosurgery & Neurostimulation Devices) - Global Industry... | <urn:uuid:09943e37-ed7f-474c-bb99-2f40d3080740> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.mdtmag.com/print/news/2013/10/neurology-devices-market-expected-reach-usd-136-billion-globally-2019 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285315.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00566-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.922588 | 947 | 1.539063 | 2 |
The famous words of Socrates can be equally applied to news and events of life. This does not imply a paralysis of action in a Hamlet's conflict. After all the very purpose of consciousness and reflection is appropriate action. I am not reverting to my background of Karma, but emphasizing the western neuroscience view of the evolution of the brain and its raison d'etre.
In assessing what one reads, hears or senses by any means, it is important to be a filter and not a sponge. A living sponge, to give it its due, is merely an indiscriminate absorber, but then proceeds to filter out its needed essential ingredients from its indiscriminate absorptions. Our gastro-intestinal system has little choice but to consume available food, but it then embarks on selective discrimination to absorb vital ingredients and then discard the unnecessary waste. The kidneys do this in reverse by filtering everything below a certain size, and then redeeming from the filtrate those essential molecules that due to their small size have been lost at the first pass. The very origins of life in the oceans begin by the development of semi-permeable lipid membranes and the sodium pump, to selectively overcome the deleterious effects of osmosis contaminating the milieu interior and keeping it in electrolyte, fluid and pH balance.
On a more mundane note, let us look at some news items. Every Indian following the news knows that India has carried out three successful interceptions of ballistic missiles in both the exo and endo stages in the terminal phase of the incoming missile. It is important to note that the interceptions were not carried out in the launch or boost phases which come earlier. The relative lack of admiring reactions by the US, Russia and Israel which have spent billions towards this endeavor, should raise a red flag of suspicion on the part of all chauvinistic Indians jumping with joy and crowing from rooftops. Of course it is a national paranoia of Indians to feel denied recognition purposely, by the developed nations because of racism, self-absorption and a superiority complex. There may be faint glimmers of truth in the imagined beliefs of Indians, but that should not preclude analysis and examination of the facts.
The US has claimed repeated unverified and false success of its Patriot anti-missile system from the 1991 Gulf War onwards. Those claims have been proved false in the case of Saddam's Scud attacks on Saudi Arabia and Israel. Later claims in the Iraq war of 2003 resulted in the death of British airmen by friendly fire when the Patriot missile shot down a British Harrier jet. Israel's failure to neutralize Hizbollah and Hamas Katyusha rockets is another instance of failure of current ABM technology. A few successes reported by the US from its primitive Alaska based and ship based Aegis systems have later revealed that the incoming missile had a homing beacon which the anti-missile could track to locate and destroy it.
In a real war situation no enemy is going to be stupid enough to bear a bull's eye beeping, 'I am here, kill me'. The enemy could launch enough lethal missiles to saturate the ABM defense or launch decoy and genuine missiles to confuse and overcome the ABM defense. Even a 90% success rate would let ten nuclear missiles through to cause severe devastation. The monitoring defense system would be constrained by lack of 24/7 vigilance, malfunction and in the case of India, time constraints as Pakistan (unlike North Korea, Iran or Russia, which are far away from the US) is right next door. Finally Pakistan, thanks to China, has cruise missiles which can be nuclear equipped, which travel at treetop levels and can evade any radar detection.
The last nail in the coffin of Indian aspirations is the latest announcement of India signing a 1.3 billion dollar defense deal with Israel's IAI and other contractors to develop an ABM system for delivery to begin 90 months after the initial payment of 300 million dollars, which will be made soon. At the same time various Indian defense web sites proclaim that India will have an operational ABM defense system ready in forty-eight months. Doesn't anyone see the inconsistencies in these two news stories? If we can have our own indigenously developed capable and functioning ABM defense system in four years, why are we wasting 1.3 billion dollars of our precious foreign exchange reserves to get a future system not even on the drawing board now, in seven years.
We earlier bought the Israeli Spyder air defense because our Dhanush anti-aircraft system failed like our anti-tank missiles have failed. Our Arjun battle tank's failure required us to buy more Russian T-90 tanks and our Tejas aircraft failure requires us to buy the much delayed 126 MRCAs. The real truth is the Indian DRDO is a miserable failure run by inept bureaucrats and mostly useless scientists (with few exceptions) just like most of our government and its enterprises. The delays in our military procurement and their sad litany of bribery and corruption by ministers as in the Bofors, HDW submarines, coffin and other scams is the shameful story of India from the Greek, Muslim, European and Chinese invasions spanning over two millennia.
The newest dilemma, even publicly alluded to by Shyam Saran, the bureaucrat who negotiated a lackey status for India in the nuclear deal at the behest of our puppet prime minister, is Afghanistan. India instead of continuing its friendly relationship with the US, groveled at the feet of 'W' and now a tired America is negotiating with the Taliban to extricate itself from the Afghan quagmire without losing face. This leaves India in a total mess. The Taliban and its sister organizations are responsible for terror in Kashmir and all over India, including the Mumbai terror attack. India has spent nearly a billion dollars in foreign aid to the Karzai government which the US is bent on replacing, leaving India with mud on its face. To add insult to injury, terrorist Pakistan is to receive 15 billion dollars from the IMF and nearly the same amount from the US, to become less of a terrorist.
You got to admire Pakistan's chutzpah. It is like the Menendez brothers who after killing their parents, got mercy from a US court as they pleaded they were orphans! A spineless India unable to stand erect for its own interests and throws itself at the feet of Russia or America and depends on their mercy. It was doomed to colonization in the past, is doomed to neo-colonization in the present and perpetual disaster in the future. Its only consolation, of no value, is that mighty America has similar corruption in defense procurement with lying and cheating defense contractors, on whose money the election of its corrupt scum bucket congress and presidents depends. That doesn't help, as there is no equivalent word in the Indian languages for 'schadenfreude'. | <urn:uuid:ed836652-c7ac-4cf2-a747-a9681353a2b5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.boloji.com/index.cfm?md=Content&sd=Articles&ArticleID=5716 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279368.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00329-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.951281 | 1,395 | 2.078125 | 2 |
Dingle Peninsula & Slea Head Co.Kerry Coach Tour Part of The Wild Atlantic Way
Tour times: 10.30 – 17.00
The Dingle Peninsula has the most rugged coastline in Ireland and is scattered with ancient huts and historic buildings.This tour departs from Deros Tours,22 Main Street,Killarney at 10.30am.A great deal of traditional Irish heritage is maintained in this Irish-speaking (Gaelic) region (a Gaeltacht), including traditional music art and crafts.The first stop is at Griffin’s Pub in Castlemaine at 10.50 am.Considered by many to have some of Europe’s most spectacular scenery, the peninsula also supports both a rare and unique assortment of flora and fauna.
A stop for morning coffee/walk on beach at 11.30am at Inch beach for about 20/30 minutes.Onwards to Dingle coach park where we stop at 14.00.After a short stop the tour continues to Ballyferriter where we make another stop at the local Church at 14.45.
Slea Head is the most westerly point in Europe and standing there, looking towards America, instils a feeling of excitement and empathy with the millions of emigrants who took this route. There are splendid views around Slea Head, especially of the Blasket Islands and the scattered rocks which are all part of an exploded volcanic area. In the storms of September 1588, four ships of the Spanish Armada were driven through the Basket Sound. Two reached shelter by way of great seamanship but a third sped through the Sound with its sails in tatters and crashed onto the two other ships. Nonetheless, the other two eventually returned to Spain. The population of the Great Blasket island, evacuated in the 1950′s, produced a number of books in Irish, among them a bestseller, translated as Twenty Years A Growing by Maurice O’ Sullivan, and a masterpiece, The Islandman by Thomas O‘ Crohan. Additionally, the autobiography of the storyteller and resident of the Great Blasket Island Peig Sayers was published in 1936. Peig is among the most famous expressions of a late Gaelic Revival genre of personal histories by and about inhabitants of the Blasket Islands and other remote Irish locations. Robert J. Flaherty’s film documentary Man of Aran addresses similar subjects. Peig depicts the declining years of a traditional, Irish-speaking way of life characterised by poverty, devout Catholicism, and folk memory of the Famine and the Penal Laws. During the twentieth century some 60 books, mostly in Irish, were written in the immediate area. The tour also takes in the countryside where David Lean filmed Ryan’s Daughter and the landscape backdrops for the Irish scenes of the Tom Cruise and Nicole Kidman filmed Far and Away.
The tour returns to the coach park in Dingle at 15.15 for another brief stop.The town of Dingle is full of wonderful shops and worth a walk about.Onwards to the very famous Creans Bar in Annascaul at 15.45.This was the home of the Artictic Explorer Tom Crean.
Continuing our tour to Ashe’s Bar in Camp at 16.15 for afternoon tea.After a brief stop our tour continues to Tralee to The Aquadome at 16.45.
Unfortunately our day comes to an end when we end in Killarney at Main Street at 17.30 hrs.
Please note: This Tour operates from April 1st to November 1st.
Gallery from Dingle Peninsula | <urn:uuid:08056d95-ddab-42e8-a182-a0fb776ee180> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://derostours.com/all-tours/dingle-peninsula-slea-head-coach-tour/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572192.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815145459-20220815175459-00071.warc.gz | en | 0.942662 | 744 | 1.578125 | 2 |
Tax season is an especially stressful time as a small business owner, but it doesn’t have to be! Follow these simple bookkeeping for small business practices below, and you’ll be ready to take on tax season like a pro.
DISCLAIMER: The information contained within this website is provided for informational purposes only and is not intended to and must not be taken as a substitute for obtaining accounting, tax, legal, or other professional advice from a tax resolution professional (e.g, an Enrolled Agent, CPA, attorney, etc.).
This post may contain affiliate links, which means I’ll receive a commission if you purchase through my link, at no extra cost to you. Please read full disclosure here.
I am no expert here, BUT I have been doing my own bookkeeping since the birth of my own business in 2010. In fact, I have learned a lot about the best practices small businesses should be taking.
Unfortunately, many of the automated bookkeeping sites are subject to errors that will make you pay much more than you have to. Bookkeeping for small business in excel lets you be in control of your expenses completely. And, its great for those of you just starting out. Avoid spending too much on automated bookkeeping subscriptions.
To make things even easier, download this AMAZING Bookkeeping Worksheet HERE to follow along as I take you through all the steps!
What You Will Learn:
- 1. REVENUE
- 2. CALCULATE YOUR EXPENSES
- a. Payroll for Small Business
- b. Outside Services/Contract Work Expenses
- c. Office Supplies
- d. Cost Of Goods Sold (COGS)
- e. Advertising for Small Business
- f. Travel Expenses
- g. Accounting and Legal Services for Small Business
- h. Telephone and Internet Fees
- i. Online Selling Fees
- j. Shipping Paid
- k. Sales Tax Paid
- l. Small Business Assets
- m. Education
- n. Food
- o. Subscription Fees for Small Business
- TIPS: Bookkeeping for Small Business
Finally, Here is How to do Bookkeeping for Small Businesses…
Of course, revenue numbers come first!
There are probably a number of places you sell online, so in the spirit of staying organized let’s break them up accordingly.
Additionally, this will make it easier for you to see where revenue is being generated from.
On your worksheet:
- Etsy shop
- Amazon shop
- Dot com
- Holiday Markets
- Wholesale accounts
With things broken down this way you will be able to make hard, fast decisions.
- If you notice the Holiday Markets aren’t generating enough revenue based on the time and fees you spend for them, then ditch it for now.
a. Where Can I Find My Etsy Revenue?
- Go to Sold Orders
- Download the CSV file
- Select Orders for Type and select month and year
- Column X = order total (includes shipping and taxes)
- To ADD select on an empty cell & type: =sum(
- Click the first cell with order total amount and drag it down to the last number.
- After this, type: )
You now have your Etsy revenue calculated.
For the visual learners, Anji Long on Youtube does a great job showing how to navigate through this on Etsy:
b. Where Can I Find My Amazon Revenue?
- Go to View Payments Summary on your dashboard
- Select Date Range Reports
- Generate Report
- Click Summary – Month – Generate
- Download your report
Income Tax Total + Sales Tax Total = Amazon Revenue
You now have your Amazon Revenue calculated.
c. Where Can I Find My Revenue On Other Platforms
Finding these expenses may vary, but the same principles apply.
- Find the reports and add up your TOTAL revenue (must include sales tax and shipping)
If you are looking for revenue from other places i.e. wholesale accounts or holiday markets, it will all depend on which payment processor you used. If you used PayPal, you will need to download the statement for that month and do some simple math.
2. CALCULATE YOUR EXPENSES
Calculating your expenses will be the most time consuming part of this whole process, but it is the most important!
Here are some expenses you should be adding to your bookkeeping:
a. Payroll for Small Business
The type of business you are will determine how you will pay yourself.
For instance, if you are a corporation like me you,
- are an employee of your own company
- receive a W-2 at the end of the year
If you are paying yourself with checks, straight to your personal account,
- get with your tax accountant to find the best way for your business to handle payroll
Either way, you will need to calculate payroll expenses.
The best thing is to have your own business bank account set up, so you can,
- Pull the statement for that month
- Find the payroll expense
- Input it into your excel spreadsheet
- You’re done!
Do this for each month and you’re good to go!
b. Outside Services/Contract Work Expenses
This may include:
- Designer that regularly works for you
- Virtual Assistant
On your Excel Worksheet:
- Label each cell with the contractor in the month(s) they were working for you
- Add up expenses used
- Plug into the corresponding month
The best way to keep track of these types of small business expenses, is by making sure everything goes out of ONE account.
Moreover, by charging everything to my one business account, it helps diminish the time it takes doing bookkeeping for small business.
No looking in 5 different places for one category!
c. Office Supplies
This includes everything you purchased for your office that helps you run the business.
It can be labeled under Office Supplies for each month.
Common expenses found in this category:
- Any writing utensils used daily
- Printing Supplies (Printer, Paper, Ink, etc.)
- Organizational Tools (Folders, Binders, etc)
- Paper (notebooks, notepads, sticky notes, etc.)
- Trash Cans
IMPORTANT: Make sure these are all things that actually help you run your business. Your cute new coffee cups, or work outfits are not expenses that help you run your business.
Big items like computers, printers, and office furniture will be listed under your assets. (See l. Assets Purchased below)
Depending on the type of business you’re in, the office supplies needed will vary.
Here are some examples of office supplies that would likely fall into this category.
d. Cost Of Goods Sold (COGS)
Costs of goods sold or COGS are the expenses related to making your product.
So, if you own a stationery company like me too, you will have the following under your COGS:
- Clear boxes for product packaging
These are items that you buy that the customer will receive!
More importantly, when you purchase from a local store that has a mix of office supplies and product making items – buy it in 2 transactions.
On Your Excel Worksheet:
- List out each vendor
- Organize by type of material for your own understanding
- If you do this – you will need to know exact amounts for each material
To avoid that I purchase on separate receipts if its a different type of expense. This allows me to continue purchasing from the same vendors, as well as makes this section of my spreadsheet is less complicating.
- One vendor
- Two transaction amounts
No listing out each item and its worth.
e. Advertising for Small Business
If you are a new small business seller and haven’t gotten into advertising yet, you can skip this section.
For those of you using Etsy’s promoted listings or advertisements on Amazon too, listen up!
Etsy Ads for Small Business:
Here is how to find out how much you spent on advertising on Etsy this year:
- Go to Your Bill in the finance section of your shop dashboard.
- Select Month you are doing bookkeeping for.
- See Summary of money spent on promoted listings that month.
Amazon Ads for Small Business:
To find out how much you spent on Amazon ads, it’s simple:
- Go to your bank statement and find it there.
Mind blowing I know. Amazon must charge you the ad spend each month as a separate charge, so that makes it painless to locate.
Here is another way you can find your Amazon Ad expenses:
- Go to your Amazon Dashboard
- Click View Payments Summary
- Click Advertising Invoice History
- Find Invoices for the corresponding dates (see when it was received/billed)
- Copy number
You’ve got it!
Other advertising Expenses:
Are you advertising on other platforms like, Facebook or Google? Go you!
All you need to do is:
- Log into your ad account
- View how much was spent under account details
If it was billed during the month you’re bookkeeping for, copy and paste it into your Excel worksheet.
Now that you’ve found all your ad expenses, let’s reflect back to the main sheet under advertising.
On your Excel Worksheet:
- Go to the second sheet
- Fill out entire bill
- Fill in the promoted listings number on the second tab of the worksheet.
This is not required by tax accountants, but it is helpful when you want to see how much was spent in certain categories.
Some of this will go under expenses of online selling fees, and shipping paid as well.
- Go to final total cell
- Type: = sum(
- Go to cell with your information and type: +
- Click on all cells with advertising expense amounts
- Type: )
- Press Enter
It should bring you back to the first page of your worksheet where the total has now been added up for you!
f. Travel Expenses
- Airplane ticket to a craft show in a different city
- Uber fare while you’re there
- Things you may buy for your business while there
Be sure to only apply this to travel for your business. A mental health vacation to the spa does not count.
PRO-TIP: I highly advise against putting gas for your car here. The IRS gives you deductions if you track your mileage, so be sure to do that on a separate sheet of paper.
g. Accounting and Legal Services for Small Business
Simple and straightforward.
I usually use this area only once a year when I pay my accountant for doing my taxes.
However, if you’ve had any legal work done such as:
- Forming an LLC
- Filing for a trademark
Now is the time to mark down those expenses.
h. Telephone and Internet Fees
You can write off this expense if you use both explicitly for your business.
For example, If your home internet does not get used unless it is for business, then it can be written off.
This also applies to your phone too (with the occasional call to mom of course).
PRO-TIP: Speak to your tax accountant to see if you qualify.
i. Online Selling Fees
This is something I came up with to ensure all my bases are covered when bookkeeping for small business.
Online selling fees are broken up into sections:
- Etsy Billing
- Amazon Fees
- Website Fees (Dot com)
Feel free to customize your sections to your specific needs.
Etsy’s Additional Fees Broken Down:
- Credit card processing fee (payment processing fee)
- 3% + .25c/sale
- Transaction fee
- 6.5% not including tax
- Sell/Relisting Fee
- For every sale you make, Etsy charges you .20c to relist it.
Make sure you include this in your total when adding up all your online selling fees.
For other platforms, the additional fees will be made available to you via their website too.
j. Shipping Paid
The IRS does not require you to show how much you spent on shipping, but it is still a great bookkeeping for small business practice.
On the worksheet provided, there are several areas on the second sheet that you can input shipping for Etsy, Amazon and your website.
Feel free to tweak it any way you need to.
Where Can I Find My Shipping Expenses on Etsy?
- Go to Shop Manager
- Click Orders & Shipping
- Click top right button Get Shipping Labels
- Go to Purchased Labels
- Click Summary
Once here you should be able to sort your shipping fees paid by month and even year.
Where Can I Find My Shipping Expenses on Amazon?
- Go to View Payments Summary on your seller dashboard.
- Click Date Range Reports
- Select Generate Reports
- Select Summary – Month
- Download and go to Shipping label purchases and Shipping label refunds
- Add using equation below
Shipping Label Purchases + Shipping Label Refunds = Total Shipping Paid
k. Sales Tax Paid
Simple and straightforward you can find this expense by looking through your bank statement.
Once located, add it to your bookkeeping for small business worksheet.
l. Small Business Assets
This is important!
Your accountant will need to know how much money was spent on assets.
Assets may include:
- Office Furniture
Use your bank statement, or credit card statement to locate all major purchases.
First, type them in the spaces provided on the third page of your worksheet.
Then, find your total by adding.
Lastly, the total should now be on your first page!
In addition to my love for learning, I also love being able to write this expense off!
- You can write off my courses or any other courses you paid for that helped you further your business along.
This also may include:
- Audio Books
- Business Classes
Only write food off as a business expense if:
- You need to eat while traveling for business
- Office meeting meal – I have about 5 other employees that I will feed on occasion (this can be written off)
Above all, do not try to write off your lunch everyday!
o. Subscription Fees for Small Business
This section allows you to write in all the subscriptions you have that help you run your business.
This may include:
- Business Facebook Groups
- Cloud Storage
- Paypal Payments Pro
- Amazon Prime Fee
- Marmalead Subscription , etc..,
PRO-TIP: Input these numbers on the third sheet of your document. Organize them in a way that will allow you to understand your subscription fees at a glance.
3. TIPS: Bookkeeping for Small Business
- Have a separate bank account for your business. Keeping everything in one place makes bookkeeping easier.
- Use your bank statement and mark off things as you enter them into your spreadsheet. You will forget if you entered things if you do not have it marked off.
- Double Check Everything
- Human error is inevitable. No one is immune!
- Using a bookkeeping software?
- Audit carefully
- Double check it is inputting everything every month
- Don’t be too trusting! They are not perfect.
- Save money on taxes by filing as an S-corp. Contact your tax attorney for more information on this.
- Save ALL receipts and file them by month. Here’s what I use:
If you have further questions regarding bookkeeping for small business, I encourage you to JOIN my small business seller group on Facebook! Me, or some of my other members will answer you asap. Don’t forget to download your worksheet to absolute crush this tax season! | <urn:uuid:ee0ad791-e548-47c9-90da-f52b672152c6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thehandmademastermind.com/how-to-do-bookkeeping-for-small-businesses/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572161.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815054743-20220815084743-00471.warc.gz | en | 0.925159 | 3,446 | 1.59375 | 2 |
There are lots of different ways to move from one place to another. You can shuffle, crawl, leap or roll. Can you get from one point to another without standing up? This is a great game to get children of all ages involved, including babies and toddlers.
Lay out a start and end point for your race. Perhaps use your bag or some clothing. Something soft is ideal, just in case you roll or shuffle over the line!
Decide how you are all going to move. You can choose from rolling, crawling, leaping like a frog or shuffling on your bottom.
Repeat the race using a different movement, or make the race track longer.
What you need
Two items to mark out the start and end point of your race.
Add in different animal movements like wriggling like a worm, crawling like a beetle, leaping like a frog or rolling like a hedgehog.
Did you know?
A worm has no legs but can move quickly by stretching and shrinking its muscles. They also use tiny hairs to help them to grip the ground. | <urn:uuid:7c781871-e3c1-481e-8ea3-468369ad9262> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://welliesinthewoods.org.uk/summer/shuffle-bottoms/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00071.warc.gz | en | 0.932112 | 233 | 3.046875 | 3 |
Molded Fiber Glass Construction Products (MFG CP) contributed to the rebuild of the world famous 3 World Trade Center in New York City. MFG CP partnered with Engineered Devices Corporation (EDC) to supply various sizes of custom fiberglass columns which were chosen instead of steel columns because due to cost saving and ease of use.
MFG CP manufactured two piece column forms to be used in the third Trade Center building reconstruction. These two piece column forms made from fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) are 48 and 60 inches in diameter and range from 1ft to 8ft tall, allowing the architects and construction worker to make concrete columns of various heights. The FRP column molds can be easily moved by hand from floor to floor due to the light mold weight. The molds are easily closed and concrete is poured into the closed mold. On the inside wall of the mold there is a gel coated surface giving the columns a smooth and eye-catching finish that needs no further work.
Joe Kusiak, Sales Manager said “This project was such a large part of history that the entire MFG CP team was proud to be able to be participate in a small portion of the rebuild of Ground Zero.”
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Partner Chest Toss with Medicine Ball
Stand face-to-face with a partner, at least 6 feet apart. Place your feet hip-with apart or stagger one foot in front of the other (for more stability). One person holds the medicine ball (or unweighted ball) in front of the chest, keeping elbows bent.
EXHALE: Keep your body still and push the ball forward and toss it to your partner. INHALE: Catch your partner's toss in front of your chest and return to the starting position to complete one rep.
Practice extreme caution with this exercise, which requires good hand-eye coordination. Try it with a light or unweighted ball first and gradually progress to a heavier ball. Try to toss and catch the ball in line with the chest (not overhead or near your abdomen) as much as possible.
Muscles Worked: Chest | <urn:uuid:050afc37-bdc3-4224-a8ea-2d98bc641766> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://sparkpeople.com/resource/exercises.asp?exercise=473 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00073-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.913982 | 183 | 2.546875 | 3 |
Well-cooked meat 'may increase risk of bladder cancer'-
article taken from dmail written by dmail reporter with thanks.
Cooking meat at high temperatures or until it is well done could increase the risk of bladder cancer, experts claim.
The warning to barbecue-lovers adds weight to other research which suggested charred meat may cause other cancers, including pancreatic cancer.
In the latest study, scientists found that people who eat meat regularly, especially meat that is well done or cooked at high temperatures, may have a higher chance of developing bladder cancer.
A 12-year study of 884 people with bladder cancer and 878 without it found people who consumed a lot of red meat were 48 per cent more likely to suffer bladder cancer than those with a low intake.
Over time, experts have shown that cooking meats at high temperatures creates chemicals not present in uncooked meats.
These heterocyclic amines (HCAs) are carcinogenic and are formed from the cooking of meats such as beef, pork and chicken.
HCAs develop when amino acids (the building blocks of proteins) and creatine (a chemical found in muscles) react at high cooking temperatures.
According to the National Cancer Institute in the US, experts identified 17 different HCAs that 'may pose human cancer risk'.
The latest study was led by Jie Lin, an assistant professor at the University of Texas, and was presented at the American Association for Cancer Research annual meeting in Washington DC.
The team looked at the association between meat intake, HCAs and bladder cancer.
The National Cancer Institute's food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary intake of different meats.
The results were split into four groups, from the lowest to the highest meat intake.
Compared with those in the lowest group of red meat intake, people were 4 per cent more likely to develop bladder cancer if they were in the third group up and 58 per cent more likely if they were in the second highest group of red meat intake.
Those people in the top group - people who consumed the most red meat - were 48 per cent more likely to suffer bladder cancer than those with the lowest intake.
'Higher intakes of beef steaks, pork chops and bacon were each associated with increased bladder cancer risk in a dose-response pattern,' the researchers said.
In addition, people who ate a lot of fried chicken and fried fish were at 'significantly increased risk'.
Red meats that were either medium or well done were linked with a 46 per cent and 94 per cent increased risk of cancer respectively compared with those that were cooked only long enough to still be rare.
When 177 people with bladder cancer and 306 people without the cancer were analysed separately, experts found that those with the highest estimated intake of three specific HCAs were more than two-and-a-half times as likely to develop bladder cancer as those with low estimated HCA intake.
The researchers also analysed each person's DNA to look for genetic variants in how the body responds to HCAs which interact with red meat intake to increase the risk of cancer.
They found that people with seven or more unfavourable genotypes who had the highest red meat intake were almost five times as likely to suffer bladder cancer as those without.
'These results strongly support that red meat intake and genetic variants in the HCA metabolic pathways jointly influence bladder cancer susceptibility,' the experts concluded.
Professor Xifeng Wu, who worked on the study, said: 'These results strongly support what we suspected: people who eat a lot of red meat, particularly well done red meat, such as fried or barbecued, seem to have a higher likelihood of bladder cancer.
'This effect is compounded if they carry high unfavourable genotypes in the HCA-metabolism pathway.'
Ms Lin said: 'It's well known that meat cooked at high temperatures generates HCAs that can cause cancer.
'We wanted to find out if meat consumption increases the risk of developing bladder cancer and how genetic differences may play a part.'
More than 10,000 new cases of bladder cancer are diagnosed each year in the UK.
Around 5,000 people die from it every year, and almost 90 per cent of deaths are in people over 65.
Dr Panagiota Mitrou, science programme manager for the World Cancer Research Fund, said: 'These are interesting findings that add to the evidence on the links between meat and cancer.
'The results should, though, be treated with caution as they are based on a single study. They would need to be replicated in other studies before we could make any conclusions.
'When we looked at all the evidence on meat and cancer, it did not suggest meat increases risk of bladder cancer.
'There is, though, convincing evidence that red and processed meat increase risk of bowel cancer.
;This is why we recommend that people aim to limit consumption of red meat to 500g - cooked weight - per week and to avoid eating processed meat.'
According to the UK Food Standards Agency (FSA), people can reduce their risk from chemicals that may cause cancer by not allowing flames to touch food when barbecuing or grilling, and cooking at lower temperatures for a longer time. | <urn:uuid:b66e1fc8-6046-44f5-a9fd-70f8e1d1c91c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://dapur-laksamana5.blogspot.com/2010/10/makan-lah-segala-dalam-jumlah.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280364.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00031-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.973706 | 1,066 | 2.875 | 3 |
JSBC Media Center
- Nanjing, China
Set Design Clickspring Design
Lighting Design The Lighting Design Group
Display Technology eyevis
Display Technology DesignLED Technology
Set that debuted in 2015.
Jiangsu’s 600 sq-m media center in Nanjing was designed to balance the five elements: fire, wood, metal, earth, and water, drawing inspiration from the Chinese notion that all material substances of the world are composed of these five prime building blocks. When in balance these energies promote stability and understanding, which is imparted to viewers and employees alike in the harmonious and immersive environment designed by Clickspring.
An expansive 12m x 5m video wall serves as the focal point of the 360° two-level space. Rounding out the state-of-the-art environment is a social media center which highlights Jiangsu’s impressive data ingest and analysis abilities, a spiral staircase weather hub that features a curved LED video display, views to active control and news rooms, and a catwalk that allows viewers a birds-eye perspective of the action. All the elements are in balance: cutting-edge technology and high-end design combine to create an encompassing and engaging space. | <urn:uuid:15d89ed9-ec42-43e8-9dd4-22b4944f585a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.newscaststudio.com/setstudio/jsbc-media-center/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570871.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808183040-20220808213040-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.899268 | 281 | 1.625 | 2 |
US Warship Deployed Near Sochi Runs Aground
The U.S. Navy says one of two U.S. warships dispatched to the Black Sea before the Sochi Winter Olympics is being inspected for damage after it ran aground at a Turkish port last week.
The frigate USS Taylor ran aground Feb. 12 as it was preparing to moor at Samsun, Turkey, about 230 miles southwest of Sochi. The Navy says the Taylor was able to dock without further incident and no one was injured.
The Taylor and the USS Mount Whitney were sent to the Black Sea in early February. The deployment was announced after an uptick in reports of security threats against the Olympics, although the Pentagon said the U.S. warships were deployed as part of normal military planning and could perform any required missions, including communications or evacuations. | <urn:uuid:b7be5205-c96b-4c90-b7ab-cbf744ca3364> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.edgemedianetwork.com/news/international/news/155599/us_warship_deployed_near_sochi_runs_aground | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719465.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00097-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.985448 | 168 | 1.75 | 2 |
For honor, worthily obtained, is in its nature a personal thing, and incommunicable to any but those who had some share in obtaining it.”
— Benjamin Franklin to his daughter, 1784
This is my husband’s favorite quote, and I have come to appreciate it in the context of sports achievement. The partnership described in my book, Youth Sports: A Parent’s Guide, consists of three individuals: athlete, athlete’s parent, and coach. The primary relationship, due to its constant nature, is between athlete and parent. The roles shift and change as the child’s sports involvement progresses. By necessity, the parent is involved in nearly every aspect of the young athlete’s sports experience in the earlier years. However, later on the parent has a more supportive role, and is on the perimeter of the team’s culture. At least, that’s the norm.
Whenever an athlete is honored, it is his close circle of encouragers who appreciate it most. From little league’s “game ball,” which is usually predetermined to ensure everyone gets to be a recipient during the season, to the coach’s award for outstanding teammate, to MVP of the championship game, to a college scholarship, parents have been there from the beginning. As coaches develop stronger relationships with players, they, too share pride in any honor a player receives. And, we all assume, that the player enjoys it most. I am not so sure anymore.
When my children played sports, I saved every medal, trophy, plaque, certificate, newspaper article, and even a few jerseys. With three athletes involved in multiple sports, those items can mount up. Recently, during down-sizing, decisions about all the memorabilia I had collected for posterity had to be made. When asked if they would like these boxes of tokens and trophies, my children declined to store the items themselves. How about that? I saved them, stored them, moved them on several occasions, and more than a few ended up in the dumpster.
As athletic director, each sports team was recognized at the end of the season. It was a time to reflect on the highs the lows over subway sandwiches. The highlight (I thought) of these gatherings was presenting a token for their participation. Coaches bestowed a medal embossed with a lacrosse stick on a red, white, and blue ribbon. The next day while walking through the gym, I noticed several of these “awards” lying around. Then I recalled a question one of the players asked during the presentation the day before. “Coach Santi,” he asked, ” does everyone on the team get one of these?” That’s when it hit me. He was not asking to ensure all would be included in receiving the token; rather he was asking to assess its “value.” In other words, if everyone got one, how special was it? What honor did it actually bestow?
Contrast that with the sports banquet where we recognized several sports seasons at once. The school gifted each sports team a distinctive memento, so that if kids had played multiple sports, they would not be collecting duplicates. After what I considered to be a successful event, the next morning I was confronted by a parent who expressed her displeasure in the disparity among the tokens. She was offended that one sport seemed to have received a much nicer, more expensive memento. And her implication was that it demeaned her son’s sports team as a result.
My daughter’s gymnastics coach was the first one I ever heard say “trophies gather dust.” I later discovered that Mary Lou Retton, famous athlete from the Olympics of 1984 who put women’s gymnastics on the map, had also said this. At the time, I remember thinking, those trophies will always be important to me…and to my child. I can tell you now, that it is simply not the case. What does last and I believe is very important to most athletes, is the fun that the experience provided, the personal breakthroughs, the challenges overcome, and the friendships cherished to this day.
It’s natural to enjoy the moment of recognition, the occasional honor that is bestowed. But unless you enjoy the chore of dusting, that trophy or token will likely lose its prominence as the years go by.
- Tokens and trophies are appreciated by those who have supported the athlete and are most familiar with their accomplishment.
- Tokens and trophies lose their importance as the years elapse, and are eclipsed in importance by special relationships and memories associated with the sports experience. | <urn:uuid:e8513381-d72f-44e2-8882-b80614a7bfa3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://kidsportstalk.com/2019/11/26/tokens-and-trophies/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572021.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814083156-20220814113156-00066.warc.gz | en | 0.982425 | 977 | 1.921875 | 2 |
Thucydides wrote:Would it be fair to say that Homeric 'perfects' are in fact present statives?
Sec. 551, p.567 wrote:In G from the 5th century BC on, the perf. functions much like the NE phrasal verbs with auxiliary have (that is, action completed in the past but with implication of a continuing effect or state). The further step, the use of the tense as a simple past tense, the "historical perfect" or the "narrative perfect", is sometimes observed in Attic writers, and becomes common in the Hellenistic period. Ths amounted to a loss of a functional contrast between the perf. and the aor., which proved fatal for the perf.; in any case it disappeared except for a few survivals passing as aorist forms.
In Homer still, and also in the Rigveda (though less commonly), the prefect indicates the state of the subject. (A fuller definition - `PRESENT state of the subject' - is a misconception; 407 fn.)
Despite the immense (and obvious) antiquity of transitive statives like *woyde `knows' and *memone `has in mind', it is nevertheless repeated by respected authorities that the meaning of the perfect in Homer and the Vedas was typically intransitive.
Users browsing this forum: No registered users and 10 guests | <urn:uuid:b248e4ec-0b4c-4e98-a52b-868468d8253f> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.textkit.com/greek-latin-forum/viewtopic.php?f=22&t=2168 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719286.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00497-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954082 | 290 | 2.171875 | 2 |
Study On The Development Of The Bond Market Finance Essay
Finance plays an increasingly important role in economic growth and development of nations around the world. These roles are in many different forms, they include but not limited to channelling savings towards investment. The level of sophistication of a financial system is important and to a large extent determines the level of overall growth and development of that economy. The financial system contributes to economic growth performance through several mechanisms and channels – mobilising savings, allocating funds to their most productive uses, monitoring productive uses i.e. investments, transferring and sharing risk (see World Bank (2001)). In modern economies, disruptions in the flow of credit from the financial system to businesses within the economy are detrimental to economic growth and can lead to a general slowdown in the level economic activities. This in turn can lead to unemployment; drop in consumer spending, consumer and industrial economic confidence levels, other leading economic indicators and ultimately a general slowdown in the economy.
Capital account liberalisation in many countries and increasing levels of regional integration and globalisation add an international dimension to the flow of investments and capital around the world. These have made the transfer of funds and investment easy and accessible from one country to another. Investments and capital can be transferred around the world with fewer restrictions as barriers are being removed due to increasing impact of globalization.
Since the start of the global financial crisis in 2008, the focus has increasingly been on the roles of the banking sector and the capital market in most economies. The global financial crisis caused a massive flight to safety with investor divesting from currencies, equities markets and other risky assets to the sovereign bond markets which are perceived as safe haven. Investor in major economies divested from perceived risky assets to markets where their investments are relatively safe and guaranteed. This shows one of the significance of sovereign bond market as an investment option for investors in times of crisis and how it can help to minimize the occurrence of such crisis.
According to Arteta (2005), there have been many banking crises over the years in many developing countries which were very costly due to the fact that they tend to obstruct the free operations of financial intermediaries, affecting industries and the real economy. Crises can block the normal flow of credit and loans from banks to firms. The dominance of bank intermediation and the general underdevelopment of capital markets (especially the bond markets) in many developing countries aggravate the susceptibility of the real economy to episodes of banking problems.
It follows that having an additional sources of domestic external finance would allow firms to better withstand episodes of financial distress. By allowing firms to raise funds issuing debt securities, the existence of deep and liquid domestic capital markets would complement the availability of bank finance. By patronising this capital market option, firms would also help to deepen and broaden the market. Well diversified financial systems would lead to more efficient allocation of resources especially capital, where firms can issue bonds in domestic markets. This would enable the firms to ease maturity mismatches in their balance sheets. Thus, bond markets would lessen the effect of waning bank credit flows on firms’ financing requests during periods of banking crises.
Bond market has major importance in any economy but more so in emerging economy where savings and investment opportunities are inadequate. Financial sector development (especially for capital market) starts with the development of a sovereign bond market in many emerging economies. This is common, not only because governments are mostly the biggest domestic borrowers with the best credit ratings but also because of how their actions and inactions affect scope and potential for market development throughout the economy.
There have been significant changes politically, economically and socially in many developing economies particularly in Africa. The financial crises of 1997-1998 (in Asia and Russia) have pointed out how vulnerable economies are when over dependent on foreign capital or banking system (Fabella and Madhur, 2003).
In many emerging economies in Africa, recently there have been changes in organizational and regulatory framework of capital markets. These countries are re-strategizing in order to broaden their capital market and investors base as well as tap into the new sources of funding such as bond markets. (Brownridge, 1998). Currently, the domestic bond markets in most African economies where they exist are narrow and largely undeveloped compared to the banking system and the equity market.
There are many rationales for developing a domestic bond market especially for emerging economies. First, developing a bond market will help the government to finance fiscal deficits which was done previously by forcing local banks to hold government paper, usually to meet demanding reserve and liquidity requirements. Secondly, according to Frankel (1993) in the absence of a bond market it would be difficult to sterilize large long-term capital inflows for infrastructural development. This was a difficult challenge for several central banks during the early 1990s when they had only short-term debt instruments. Sterilization that relies entirely on issuing short-term securities tends to drive up short-term interest rates while bond issuance help to minimise this risk.
Thirdly, to generate a yield curve which could serve as a benchmark for investors and borrowers in the financial markets. This enables the market participants to derive the market interest rate that reflect the opportunity cost of fund at each maturity. Also, Sokoler (2002), bond market increases the competitiveness and efficiency of the financial system, which might have been dominated by few banks before the introduction of bond market.
However, the effectiveness of the bond market as an alternative source of financing depends essentially on there not being a high co-movement between bank lending, bond and equity financing in a domestic setting, and the absence of contagion in the international capital markets more importantly for countries with open accounts.
Bond market debt financing is necessary for developmental projects and infrastructures like electricity generation, transmission and distribution, the fuel energy sector, transportation, telecommunication, etc.
1.2 Purpose of the Study
The goal is to provide a detailed review of the progress and prospects for the development of the government bond market in Nigeria with a view to identifying how the market can be broadened and deepened from both the demand and supply sides. The supply side includes the issuers of debt securities like federal government, sub-sovereigns and corporates. The demand side of the market is made up of institutional investors like banks, pension fund administrators, foreign investors, hedge funds and high net worth individuals as well as retail investors. The paper would also examine how the issuers on the supply side can take advantage of the relatively cheap sources of funding in the market against conventional funding methods as well as how the creation of alternative investment options would affect the demand side.
Also, the roles and impacts of financial intermediators who facilitate the smooth operations of the market, and the perceived benefits for them (especially primary dealers) would be examined and finally the benefits for the Nigerian economy should the market be further deepened and broaden.
In an attempt to provide an in-depth, objective and balanced perspective on the development of the Nigeria bond market, this project write-up draws conclusions from the various research papers and information supplied by other authors on the development on bond markets in other emerging market economies.
The main factors behind the recent development of the Nigerian bond market would be explained in details by analysing information and statistics on the market. This involves the analysis of major macro-economic changes in Nigeria, pension reform, changes in debt management strategies, consolidation exercise in the banking industry etc. Statistical information provided in the dissertation have not been tested and are quoted verbatim.
Outline of the Dissertation
An outline of the remaining chapters is presented below:
Chapter 2 reviews relevant literature on the development of bond markets especially the importance which establishes the foundation of the dissertation. The chapter also considers the main factors, trends and forces that have contributed to the development of bond market in other emerging market countries with an in-depth look at Asian and Russian markets.
Chapter 3 takes a detailed look at the timeline of bond market development in Nigeria, structure, regulatory framework, regulators, the main drivers behind the growth of the Nigeria bond market as well as the make-up of the demand and supply sides..
Chapter 4 seeks to identify and adapt the lesson in other parts of the world and concludes with the recommendations for broadening and further development of the Nigerian bond market.
Chapter 5 will again highlights the importance of the study; it concludes with an overview of the recent developments in the Nigeria bond market and considers the new challenges that would emerge going forward.
Literature Review on the development of the bond market.
This chapter reviews the literature on domestic bond market development in several emerging economies. From this review critical success factors that are prerequisite to the development of the domestic bond market will be determined.
Information has been gathered by reviewing reports from government agencies, investment analysts’ reports, reports by the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, African Development Bank, Asian Development Bank, Bank for International Settlement, the Emerging Markets Committee of the International Organization of Securities Commission and other bond market associations and debt management agencies.
2.2 The Development of bond markets in Emerging Markets
This section examines the challenges and issues concerning domestic bond market development in many emerging markets as well as prerequisites for an efficient, broad and deep domestic bond market. There are several factors to consider.
First, the financial crisis that happened between 1997-1998 reminded most policy makers around the world of the over-reliance of many emerging market economies on their respective domestic banking systems as a source of funding.
Secondly, information on bond markets in emerging markets especially in sub-Saharan Africa is not readily available when compared to other developed markets or even other domestic market segments notably the equity market.
2.3 Rationale for developing a domestic bond market
After the Asian and Russian financial crises of 1997-1998 many researchers have advocated for the development of domestic bond market as an alternative source of financing not only in the crisis-hit countries but for all emerging market economies where obvious shortcomings are prevalent.
The following is a summary of the major arguments put forward:
an alternative source of domestic debt finance
fiscal deficit financing
broadening and deepening of capital markets
efficient risks pricing
aids smooth operation of monetary policy etc.
2.3.1 An alternative source of domestic debt finance
Witherell (2003) argued that bond markets reduce the over-dependence on bank credit for debt financing and that these markets also reduce the susceptibility of the economy to the risk of banking system failure. Banking crisis can have negative and adverse effects on the economy as a whole because firms and industries would find themselves credit constrained and be forced to jettison new investment spending, leading to a drop in aggregate demand through the multiplier effect.
Harewood (2000) also opined that deep and efficient bond market enable firms to gain access to an alternative source of debt financing which could help banks in times of crisis to recapitalise through securitization by issuing bonds backed by non-performing loans.
2.3.2 Fiscal deficit financing
Khalid (2007) argued that the benefits of developing domestic bond markets are both macroeconomic and microeconomic in nature. Within the macroeconomic perspective, the primary importance of the government bond market is to provide a channel for the financing of fiscal deficits. This is arguably the most important benefit for emerging market economies with historically large fiscal deficits and the failure of other possible sources of financing the fiscal deficits which are compelling governments to borrow from domestic markets. In addition, several countries both developed and developing have faced the need to finance very large extraordinary and unusual expenditure which are of long-term nature. The finance required for bank restructuring and long-term support for industries have been one recent example in many emerging markets.
2.3.3 Lower cost of borrowing
IOSCO (2002) identified that governments and firms can enjoy lower cost of debt capital in the bank markets compared to high charges and rates offered on bank loans. This is achieved through the process of bank disintermediation which allows direct access to investors, thus removing the “middleman” and related costs. Also, the issuer may tailor its asset and liability profile to minimise the risk of currency and maturity mismatch thus reducing the weighted cost of capital.
2.3.4 Broadening the capital market
Debt market development helps to diversify the capital markets, reducing over-dependence on banks and susceptibility within the banking system which is positive for the entire economy at large. The bond market has provided avenues for financial engineering and innovations which have broaden the financial system in general (Akhtar 2007).
A well-functioning bond market provides with investment options across a wider range of instruments including sovereign, sub-sovereign, corporate bonds and securitized obligations such as mortgage backed securities and collaterized debt obligations. The wide range of investment alternatives allows investors to make optimal asset allocation decisions. This is particularly important for investor like life insurance companies and pension fund administrators because the bond market facilitates better management of the maturity structure of their balance sheets.
2.3.5 Efficient pricing of credit risks
Bond markets create cost-effective and competitive capital markets by generating market yield and interest rates that reflect the opportunity cost of capital at each tenor and maturity. This is necessary for efficient and financing decisions. Herring and Chatusripitak (2000) further stated that without a developed bond market, firms and investors would lack a clear measure of opportunity cost of funds. This may lead to mispricing of funds as was evident in late 1990s in many dynamic Asian economies suggesting that the internal discount rate may have often been too low because returns on investment fell sharply.
IOSCO (2002) suggests banks’ interest rates are not always competitively determined so may not always reflect the true opportunity cost of funds. This is because big banks could always agree to fix rates.
2.3.6 Aids smooth operation of monetary policy
The debt market is increasingly more important for the operation of monetary policy. Monetary policy now relies not only on a well functioning money market but also increasingly on indirect instruments of control like the bond market. Moreover, yields in the long-term bond market show expectations of likely macroeconomic developments and about market reactions to monetary policy moves by market regulators.
2.3.7 Promotion of financial stability
The bond market provides an alternative source of funding to equity and banking financing, this alternative source enhances the stability of the financial market as a whole and efficient allocation of credit. This was evident after the Asian financial crisis the weak banking sector provided an impetus to the development of bond markets in several emerging markets. By diversifying funding sources, firms can adjust their borrowing between the banks and the debt markets (Hameed, 2007).
IOSCO (2002) added that where there is no corporate bond market, a significant ratio of debt funding for corporations would come from the banking sector. By doing this, banks would assume a considerable amount of risk mainly due to the maturity mismatch between liquid short-term liabilities (deposits) and relatively long-term assets (loans). Banks cannot transfer credit risk to depositors.
Herring and Chatusripitak (2000) concluded that in emerging markets where few banks dominate and account for bulk of lending activity, there is a concentration of credit risk with the banking sector. This leads to an increasing level of systemic risk in an economy.
In summary, the existence of a well-functioning bond market ensures that risks are efficiently diversified within the financial system.
2.3.8 Sterilization of large capital inflows
Frankel (1993), for any economy to grow and develop there is a need to sterilise large capital inflows. This was a particularly difficult challenge and difficult for several central banks in emerging economies during the first half of the 1990s. In the absence of well developed bond markets, the central bank has only short-term debt instruments at its disposal in conducting open market operations and raise fund for governments to finance developmental projects. Sterilisation that relies exclusively on issuing paper tends to drive up short-term interest rate and crowding-out effect. This risks biasing the structure of inflows towards the short end. Sterilisation through the sale of bonds reduces such risk.
2.4 Basic prerequisites for successful development of government debt markets
The development of bond markets must be seen as a continuous, progressive and dynamic process in which macroeconomic and political stability are necessary to building an efficient market. Also, the credibility of the government as an issuer of debt securities must be established.
World Bank (2001) noted that “the prerequisites for establishing an efficient and deep government domestic currency debt market include a credible and stable government, sound fiscal and monetary policies, effective legal, tax and regulatory infrastructure, smooth and secure settlement arrangements, and a liberalised financial system with competing intermediaries. Where these basics are lacking or very weak, priority should be given to adopting and implementing stable and credible macroeconomic policy framework, reforming and liberalising in different areas”. All these factors point to the creation of an enabling environment.
Domestic as well as foreign investors will be unwilling to purchase government securities, especially medium- and long-term instruments when there are expectations of high inflation, large devaluations, or high risks of default like Greece recently. It is important that governments work toward macroeconomic policy framework that promotes credible commitment to prudent and sustainable fiscal policies and stable monetary conditions. Such actions will cut government funding costs over the medium to long term, as the risk premium embedded in rates and yields on government securities drop.
Inflationary expectations will have impact on longer-term nominal government securities yields and affect not only government borrowing costs, but also, in countries with unstable monetary and fiscal environment, the government’s ability to extend the yield curve beyond very short maturities. Thus a credible commitment from government to contain inflation is crucial for government securities market development.
The ability to attract foreign investors to a country’s debt market is to a large extent determined by the exchange rate and capital account policies of the country. Foreign investors have a major role to play in the development of government debt markets and in hastening development of the necessary infrastructure by injecting new competition into otherwise dull markets. Foreign investors will compare the yield on domestic debt with those of international markets. They will consider the default risk and the risk of exchange rate volatility. Exchange rate, capital account policies when combined with monetary and fiscal policies can affect each of these risks, and inappropriate policies can result in increased interest rate and exchange rate volatility. Such volatility impedes development of government securities issues with long maturities and can harm secondary market liquidity when there are no derivatives or complementary markets that investors can use to hedge against the risk of price movements.
The soundness of the banking system also has important implications for development of the government debt market. Investor concerns about the health and soundness of the banking system will negatively affect the ability of the government to roll over or issue new debt. Furthermore, lack of financially healthy intermediaries will cause secondary market illiquidity and inefficiency. A banking system in crisis will further impede development of a government debt market and cause significant liquidity shortages. This is because important associated markets such as those for interbank and repurchase agreement transactions are unlikely to function properly.
Although the challenges involved in providing the necessary macroeconomic and financial framework are enormous, these should not deter authorities. This is because the potential benefits to the government and the economy are considerable. In its role as both regulator and primary issuer, the government is a central player in the debt market. The central bank, in implementing monetary policy, will also influence market structure and inevitably market development. Given the involvement of several government agencies and entities in the process of market development, they should interact with the private sector and other market participants as this may be a useful tool to spearhead market development efforts.
Harwood (2000) adds that “Market participants need to evaluate the critical success factors to determine which ones constrain their market’s growth and how to deal with them. Market development will be accelerated if regulators who are interested in market development work closely with market participants to identify problems and solutions with other regulators to persuade them to address problems and solutions and with other regulators to persuade them to address problems under their control.”
Although, there is no one size fits all framework to build a market, emerging markets should try to learn from one another’s experiences for guidance on how to develop from “emerging” to “emerged” and on what works best in what type of environment.
Harwood (2000) concludes that participation in the market cannot be forced, but it can be encouraged by an enabling environment. It can also be discouraged by “unabling” environment.
2.5 Government securities issuance strategy and market access
The process of debt issuance is an important factor in debt market development. For the market to develop, transparency and credibility of the process must be built although they take time.
A market-oriented government funding strategy is an essential foundation for the growth and development of a debt market. The strategy involves the adherence to basic market principles of broad market access and transparency, a commitment to finance budget deficits through the market, and a proactive and continuous approach in developing the necessary regulatory framework to support market development.
World Bank (2001,a), “governments need to improve market access and transparency by providing high-quality information about debt structure, funding needs and debt management strategies to market participants and public at large. They must solicit investors’ views on the current strategy and plans for change. In this way, the government will better understand the source of demand for its instruments and have the ability to act to remove barriers obstructing investment in them.”
World Bank (2001,b) further states that “a sound and prudent debt management operation is also central to the government’s credibility as an issuer”. Having clear debt management objectives, proper coordination between debt management objectives, prudent risk management and effective institutional frameworks are essential components of sound debt management.
As part of developing and maintaining a well-functioning government securities market, authorities will have to provide clear and timely information about the structure and nature of fiscal deficits and public debt as well as other Treasury operations. The information also include but not limited to amortization schedule, issuing calendar, description of outstanding securities, schedule for buybacks or re-openings where relevant, and Treasury cash balances.
2.6 Government securities instruments and yield curve
One of the essential benefits of a well-functioning government securities market is to develop a set of benchmark securities. By concentrating new issues of government securities in a relatively limited number of popular, standard maturities, governments can reduce their issuing cost and boost liquidity in those maturities. Markets, in turn, can use those liquid issues as convenient benchmarks for the pricing of a range of other financial instruments. In addition, spreading the relatively few benchmark issues across a fairly wide range of maturities and tenors is generally regarded as building a “benchmark yield curve”. This can help to facilitate more accurate market pricing of financial instruments across a similar maturity spectrum.
2.7 Investor base for government securities
Governments in many emerging market relied on captive sources of funding whereby financial institutions are required to purchase and hold government securities, often at below-market interest rates. However, this system of raising funds is fast diminishing in many of these countries. Instead, countries are developing a diversified investor base for their government securities. Investors in developed government debt market can range from small-scale retail investor to and foreign institutional investors. A diversified investor base for debt securities is necessary to high liquidity, stable demand and reasonable spread in the market. A heterogeneous investor base with different background, time horizons, expectations, risk preferences, and trading motives ensures active trading, creating high liquidity.
2.7.1 Commercial and Investment Banks
Commercial and investment banks serve as both sales agents’ usually primary dealers and investors in government securities in many developing economies. Banks provide valuable source of demand and liquidity for government securities market by providing two-way quotes for other investors
2.7.2 Contractual savings sector
This group consist of life insurance companies and pension fund administrators contractual. This sector is a major player in the fixed income securities markets, as it provides a stable source of long-term demand. This is because of the long-term nature of funds that the sector controls. The sector’s demand for fixed-interest, low-credit-risk products also provides an important basis on which to develop standardized, securitized products such as mortgage bonds. Pension funds and life insurance companies are usually required to invest a large portion of their assets in so-called gilt-edged assets. This has helped to make this sector prominent in the government securities market.
2.7.3 Collective investment funds
Collective investment funds, such as mutual and hedge funds, unit trust scheme etc can play an important role in the development of the government securities market, especially the shorter-term segments of the market because of the nature of funds that they manage. They offer retail and other investor alternative investment option other than investing in bank products. This helps to induce more competition in this part of the financial sector, and can be a cost-effective way for the government to reach retail investors. These collective investment funds that are established domestically or offshore help to deepen the securities market and should be allowed participate actively in the market..
2.7.4 Retail investors
Retail investors are a source of stable demand to the government securities market which could be crucial in times of high volatility. Demand from retail investors can help to cushion the impact of sales by institutional and foreign investors. In order to develop a diversified investor base for government securities the needs of retail investors should be incorporated into the overall strategy of market development.
2.7.5 Foreign investors
Foreign investors are important source of demand and innovation to national capital markets, including government securities markets. They have received much attention in both mature markets and developing countries because of issues like regulation, capital flight, entry and exit barriers, etc. They have contributed positively to the development of government securities market in several countries through the positive pressure they place on the quality and services of intermediaries and their emphasis on sound, safe and robust market infrastructure.
Foreign investors could be in many forms like emerging markets funds, such as some hedge funds and other specialized closed and open-end country or emerging-market funds. They also include crossover investors, such as pension funds and insurance companies not as dedicated to investing in a particular region or even country, and other more specialized investors like distressed asset funds, private capital fund etc.
2.8 Other bond markets
Various studies have been carried on bond market development in different parts of the world. For example Batten and Fetherston (2003) for Asian countries, Schinasi, Sylla (2001), World Bank and International Monetary Fund (2001), etc. BIS (2002) also reviews the experience of many emerging markets in the development of debt markets.
The research shows to varying degrees the three main factors that delayed the development of bond market in most emerging economies namely: a bank-centered financial system, opaque corporate governance and borrowing in low interest rate currencies. This section will look at the experience of other bond markets both developed and developing; draw reasonable lessons on how emerging markets can deepen and broaden their domestic markets and increase efficiency.
2.8.2 Bond market development in Asia
Murphy, Auster and Dean (2007) note that on July 2, 1997 the Thai baht devalued against the US dollar, the first in a series of collapses that have collectively become known as the Asian financial crisis. The crisis had many causes which highlighted the need to have effectively functioning domestic capital markets. The crisis showed the apparent risk of the absence of diversification with the over-dependence on short maturities, banks and foreign currencies. Many economies which were affected by the crisis include Indonesia, Korea, Malaysia and Thailand.
Batten and Kim (2001) also highlight the major difference in the financial system between pre- and post-crisis Asia. The difference has been the development, deepening and broadening of the domestic government and corporate bond markets.
These economies have historically relied on short-term debt from domestic and foreign banks to fund their long-term infrastructural and developmental needs. These economies had witnessed real growth in their real sectors with strong exports, low inflation, and low public-sector deficits. However, due to governments’ actions and inactions as well as policies on exchange rate the capital market especially the bond market had remained underdeveloped. Instead of raising funds from the domestic bond markets, companies gambled and borrowed in low-yield currencies like yen and dollar because of the governments’ policies of maintaining fixed nominal exchange rates.
There are other factors that impeded the growth of the bond market. Batten and Kim (2001) add that factors like the family-ownership and disclosure-shy nature of most firms favours bank-centred over a capital markets option. The absence of developed government domestic bond markets to provide benchmark for private issuers was another reason. Also, the export of domestic savings from East Asian economies to economies such as the US, Australia and New Zealand represent an opportunity cost for the region.
Murphy, Auster and Dean (2007) also note that in March 2000, the Governor of the Bank of Thailand, Mr M R Chatu Mongol Sonakul said “If I could turn back the clock and have a wish, my list may be long. But high in its ranking would be a well functioning Thai bond market.”
The reasons behind for Mr Sonakul’s desire are clear; a functioning bond market would have been part of a domestic financial system that would have curtailed to a large extent effects of the capital flight and sudden withdrawal of the so-called “hot money” from Thailand. Before the crisis, most of the countries affected tied their monetary policy stance upon a pegged exchange rate system that held the value of their local currency fixed against the US dollar. This monetary policy stance was adopted because of two reasons. First, an export-led growth model and secondly, the US their major trading partner. This approach was a cautious way to ensure the alignment between domestic and external demand, competitive prices for exports and keep domestic inflation low.
Many banks and corporations became comfortable with the highly predictable exchange rate which made them to stopped hedging currency risks. Banks and corporations were funding offshore with low interest rate. The domestic capital market especially the bond market became moribund because of the mass of foreign funds available to fund local corporate activity. Prior to 1997, there were no developed derivatives markets in foreign exchange.
Prior to the crisis, the total size of the bond market equivalent in East Asia was around 20% of GDP, compared to a bond market equivalent of 150% of GDP in the US at that time, and about 100% of GDP for in Mexico. Equity markets were about 65% of GDP in East Asia as a whole.
In contrast, bank assets were nearly 100% of GDP and as such the banking sector was by far the most important source of funding for corporations in the affected countries. With the benefit of hindsight, it was clear in the after effects of the crisis that a funding model that combined a dominance of unhedge offshore borrowing with a pegged exchange rate allowed for the growth of imbalances that ultimately led to disaster.
After the Asian crisis the governments in the countries affected started the different programmes of financial reforms and the need to develop capital markets and in particular the bond market was top on the priority list. Policies to help accelerate the rate of development of the bond markets were introduced which have helped to make bonds the fastest growing asset class in most Asian emerging markets. Administrative determination of interest rate has been jettisoned. The shift to independent monetary policy has engendered the rise of a domestic capital market and implementation of policies to reduce previous dependency upon external markets. Many governments affected emerged after the crisis with large fiscal deficits as the government recapitalised banking systems that had been made insolvent by the crisis. This ultimately transformed them from modest net borrowers to large net borrowers. However, this is helping to establish a benchmark government yield cure which is assist other issuers to price their bond issues. Also, moderate inflation and large domestic liquidity are aiding low interest rate and are expected to widening the market.
Recently East Asia’s bond markets total around 60% of GDP compared to 20% in 1997, however the equity markets represent more than 150% of GDP presently as against 65% of GDP in the pre-crisis period.
2.8.3 Bond market development in Russia
The Russian financial crisis started on 17 August 1998. It was triggered by the Asian financial crisis, which had started earlier in July 1997 and also aided by the subsequent decline in commodity prices. Commodity-dependent economies on the export of raw materials were among those most severely affected. Petroleum and natural gas are the main Russian exports which make the economy exposed to volatility in world prices.
Issues like chronic fiscal deficit, declining productivity, artificially high fixed exchange rate and the economic cost of war in Chechnya that was estimated at $5.5 billion were the reasons behind the disaster. They all affected the Russian foreign exchange reserves negatively. Also, the weakening oil demand and prices in early 1998 made the issuance of rouble-denominated debt difficult and the government had to increase US dollar-denominated Eurobond issue, increasing the volume from $4.6 billion to $15.9 billion from March to July 1998. As the cost of coupon payment and redemption skyrocket, with oil prices at a 10-year low, the eurobond yield spread rose significantly in August 1998. The government was unable to roll-over its debt in the domestic as well as foreign bond markets. The result was massive sell-offs in the debt, equity and foreign exchange markets. There were runs on banks, interbank market liquidity dried up and a massive flight to quality. These fears quickly spread to other emerging markets with resultant sell-offs as well. The rouble got big hits and was abruptly depreciated in a series of several steps in August and September 1998 (in fact, it first fell about four times, then after some oscillations stopped at that level.) The crisis negatively undermined the markets’ confidence in rouble’s stability
Russia bounced back from the financial crash with unexpected pace due to rapid raise in world oil prices during 1999-2000 (unlike how falling commodity prices accelerated the crisis. This made Russia to run a large trade surplus between 1999 and 2000. After the crisis, new series of state bonds were issued and the volume of issuance grew annually and reached 850.7 billion rubles at face value in 2006. The market volume started growing as a result of the implementation of the government’s policy of developing a liquid domestic securities market, which must give market participants effective instruments to manage liquidity and form yield benchmarks for risk-free rouble for all economic entities.
2.8.4 Sub-Saharan African bond markets
A well-functioning and efficient domestic bond markets can help to achieve greater diversification of long-term financing and improve resource allocation into domestic investments. This will enable African countries to attract the much needed long-term debt in local currency which could be used to finance the constantly growing infrastructure needs. This is also important because these countries are incapable of accessing international capital markets. In fact, it is estimated that Africa will require US$20 billion of infrastructure investment annually, that is, twice the present size, in order to bridge the gap with other emerging market country peers and show faster progress towards the Millennium Development Goals (World Bank, 2005a).
Bond markets remain largely underdeveloped in Africa with corporate bond markets non-existent or in their infancy. Most African bond markets are dominated by public sector debt issuance, mainly with short-term debt instruments and activities focused on the domestic primary market with limited secondary trading (MFW4A 2008). As of the end-2006, 74 percent of the African countries issued treasury bills while only 49 percent of the countries issued longer-dated government securities (AfDB, 2007). While several countries have listed the bonds on the stock exchange or have them available in the over-the-counter market, secondary market trading remains limited or non-existent in some countries. This is due to the “buy and hold” strategy of many local banks that hold the bulk of the debt due. This is because of the limited lending opportunities and prudential requirements like reserve requirement and liquid asset ratios in some countries.
African governments are presently making frantic efforts to develop African bond markets. Different government initiatives have been undertaken to develop and improve the African bonds markets. Presently, there are 19 stock exchanges in operation in sub-Sahara Africa excluding Nigeria and only 11 have associated bond markets. Government securities form the bulk of trades in these markets with the South African market being the biggest while Swaziland has the smallest volumes of trade.
In most Sub-Saharan bond markets other the South Africa, commercial banks are the primary investors and holders of sovereign securities although at varying proportions across the region. In Uganda, for instance, in Ghana commercial banks hold about 35% of the sovereign debt while in Uganda they hold almost 80%. In most of these countries, banks are mandated by regulation to purchase these government securities for reserve and liquidity requirements. Also, due to dearth of high-quality lending opportunities, banks prefer to buy government debt with reasonable returns and very low risk. However, non-institutional investors hold a very small percentage of all the sovereign bond issues.
AfDB (2007) explains that the regions’ bond markets primarily comprise of developing markets characterized by fragmented markets, illiquidity and general dissatisfaction with the primary dealer system. There is a fragmentation of the market as apparent by an unwarranted number of bonds issued with no benchmark bonds and inadequate liquidity in each of the issues. Also, for example in Botswana, the market lacks government bond issues mainly because the governments has hitherto run budget surpluses or have access to cheaper concessional donor funds. Furthermore, the primary dealership system does not work well because there is a wide-ranging discontent with the Primary Dealer (PD) system among the regulators who argue that the PDs do not effectively discharge their market-marking functions while the dealers are concerned about the insufficient incentives.
The pre-dominant “buy and hold” strategy by investors in the region coupled with limited corporate issues and a narrow investor base another major threat to the development of bond market in this region. The “buy and hold” strategy serves to aggravate the problems arising from a limited supply of securities. The limited corporate issues are an indication of the competition from bank loans, underdeveloped corporate advisory services coupled with excessive issuance cost. The major infrastructural and structural challenges that hinder the development and contribution of the markets to the economies include credibility of issuers, lack of issuance programs, inefficient clearance and settlement system etc. These factors have continued to make most bond markets in Africa to be significantly less developed compared to other matured markets in USA, Europe and Japan. This shows that there is room for development of bond market in this region.
The literature review on domestic bond market development in emerging markets highlighted the issues critical to the development of the domestic bond market and what needs to be in place to have a successful and efficient market. They include a stable political environment, sound macroeconomic policies, robust regulatory environment and effective market infrastructures.
The next chapter will look closely at the Nigerian market.
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In addition to the example literature review above we also have a range of free study materials to help you with your own dissertation: | <urn:uuid:2dc69fce-d496-4d73-83a9-135d14705c19> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.ukessays.com/dissertation/literature-review/study-on-the-development-of-the-bond-market.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285001.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00298-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950723 | 8,174 | 2.703125 | 3 |
Is it ever possible to “know” an artist? Even artists of the present fall beneath a blanket of critical analysis that covers over their true uniqueness and individuality, if you still even believe in the concept of “truth.” Sam Smiles’ J.M.W. Turner: The Making of a Modern Artist looks at the case history of J.M.W. Turner, a nineteenth century artist who was himself aware of the vagaries of history and tried to cheat death through a bequest to his native land that he believed would shape his reputation for future generations. Instead, the directions of his will were thwarted and his reputation soon became stretched and reshaped to meet the requirements of future critics who, amazingly, enlisted him into the ranks of modern art, providing “evidence” by association of both his greatness and the greatness of the modern artists they looked to promote. Would Turner have wished for allegedly unfinished works such as Disaster at Sea (aka Fire at Sea; above, from 1835) to become the foundation of his reputation as a “modern” artist? Would it have mattered if he didn’t?
Smiles begins by analyzing Turner’s own approach to the concept of legacies and reputations. From early on in Turner’s career, he painted homages to writers such as Alexander Pope (Pope’s Villa at Twickenham, 1808) and fellow artists, such as his portrait of Raphael in Rome, from the Vatican, Raffaelle, Accompanied by La Fornarina, Preparing His Pictures for the Decoration of the Loggia (above, from 1820). In the 1820s, Turner painted works related to earlier artists such as Raphael, Rembrandt, Canaletto, and Ruisdael, “renovating the tradition they represented,” Smiles writes, and giving “a significant part of his output an art historically aware and self-reflexive quality.” Turner paints with an eye to the past while simultaneously keeping an eye on his own future. These commemorations reflect Turner’s personal sense of calling as an artist, Smiles believes, in which “the benefit of art lies in its power to engage and stimulate the mind,” with any commercial benefits being “incidental” to the greater societal good. Turner witnessed the deaths of this contemporaries Benjamin West and Thomas Lawrence (going so far as to paint a watercolor of Lawrence’s funeral) and pondered his own mortality and the posthumous fate of his work.
Smiles masterfully argues the state of Turner’s mind by painting a full picture of the state of the arts at that time, which can be described as nothing short of chaotic. The wills of both West and Lawrence, designed to protect their legacies and benefit the nation, were thwarted after their deaths, impressing on Turner even more the need to protect his own legacy and, thus, the future of British art and society. While bequeathing his oeuvre to the nation, Turner left explicit instructions that Sun Rising Through Vapour: Fishermen Cleaning and Selling Fish (above, from 1807) and Dido Building Carthage be hung in the National Gallery alongside paintings by Claude Lorraine both to show the line of influence and to show that British works could meet the standards of the Old Masters. Turner’s will also made arrangements for a charity specifically for the benefit of poor and “decayed” artists, knowing that his own material success eluded many others who had also dedicated their lives to the arts. Alas, after Turner’s death in 1851, challenges by Turner’s cousins thwarted his will as well, the first link in the chain of events that has shaped our idea of Turner ever since.
John Ruskin, who had assumed the role of Turner’s champion while alive, continued to dominate the conversation after Turner’s death. Ruskin’s “iconographical” interpretations, valuing fidelity to nature and natural effects, hinged on seeing “unfinished” works such as Disaster at Sea (top of post) as interesting as glimpses into Turner’s mind at work rather than as finished conceptions. Ruskin sees post-1845 Turner paintings as the work of an artist in “decline” both artistically and morally—inseparable concepts in Ruskin’s Victorian worldview. As Ruskin’s power waned, more formalist readings of Turner’s art arose, valuing the “unfinished” works, many of which were only being then publicly displayed as the huge bequest was catalogued and restored, as the “true” Turner, i.e., the visionary who “invents” the Impressionist style. Rain, Steam and Speed—The Great Western Railway (above, from 1844) “contains a first rate Monet,” writes one critic in 1902, “if not, indeed, more than one.” A 1906 exhibition of Turner’s late works obliterates the line between “finished” and “unfinished” works seemingly for good, opening up the critical field to adopt Turner as a Impressionist after the fact and, much later, to apply all types of modernist labels to the long-dead painter. Walter Sickert calls Turner “more modern than any living painter” in 1925, expressing the prevailing mood of Turner as more twentieth than nineteenth century artist, literally born before his time.
Smiles outlines the critical campaign for the soul of Turner with broad strokes but manages to give enough detail to keep the story both concrete and riveting. The tales of Turner’s fate at the Tate Britain made me wish I had looked at the exhibit with a more discerning eye while there. The British Council’s post-World War II exploitation of the “modern” Turner “to showcase the vitality and modernity of British culture” becomes a cautionary tale of government intervention in the arts for political ends. Lawrence Gowing’s 1966 exhibit at the MoMA, Turner: Imagination and Reality, completes the coronation of Turner as a modern artist through an installation usually reserved for modern artists and an emphasis on the most modern-looking (i.e., Abstract Expressionist-looking) paintings, completely free of any historical context that Turner himself would have experienced while working on the paintings. “Gowing’s Turner thus occupied an eternal present,” Smiles writes, “and for that reason could offer lessons to all contemporary artists wrestling with the same problems.” Turner’s desire to serve society through art lives on, but radically different from how he intended. John Gage’s 1969 book Colour in Turner: Poetry and Truth arrives on the scene as a corrective to Gowing’s designs, presenting a Turner “more obviously historically placed and intellectually responsive to his age” and “better understood when his cultural milieu was restored to him” than Gowing’s historically abstracted, time-travelling Turner.
Will the “real” Turner ever stand up and be recognized? Is it the nineteenth century living and breathing man or the twentieth century modernist icon? Turner is simultaneously all and none of these things, larger than any one idea and yet too elusive, as all great artists, to be permanently pinned down to any single label. Smiles seems to come down on the side of those looking to recover the historical Turner as much as possible. “For all its difficulty, and even while aware of its ultimate frustration,” Smiles writes, “we must still make the attempt to encounter the past in all its specificity and otherness.” While speaking of Turner in particular, Smiles raises much larger general questions for both the art historian and the non-professional art lover. For art historians, Smiles shows the consequences of curatorial decisions, which always remain choices of inclusion and exclusion that impact not only the artist but the entire fabric of art history’s larger tapestry. For the non-professional art lover, Smiles awakens us to look critically at exhibitions and ask the classic crime-story question, “Quo bono?”—who benefits? In other words, whose agenda is being served by curatorial choices, and why? J.M.W. Turner: The Making of a Modern Artist turns commonplace shibboleths of art history (Turner the Impressionist, Turner the Modernist, etc.) and makes us question them and see Turner afresh. Turner himself could wish for no greater legacy than that.
[Many thanks to Manchester University Press and their American distributor Palgrave for providing me with a review copy of Sam Smiles’ J.M.W. Turner: The Making of a Modern Artist.] | <urn:uuid:ada8913c-58fa-435d-a4c5-63970091f01d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://artblogbybob.blogspot.com/2008/05/life-after-death.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283008.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00082-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.962501 | 1,853 | 2.515625 | 3 |
I’m most familiar with Victorian writer, art critic, draftsman and watercolorist John Ruskin for his critical defense of the fledgling Pre-Raphaelite group of painters, vital at a time when their ideas and approach were at odds with the prevailing values of the Royal Academy and the British art establishment in general.
His defense of their ideals is unsurprising, given that they were largely influenced by his own writing, particularly his elevation of “truth to nature” as a high ideal for artists in the midst of aesthetic philosophy that demanded idealization in artistic interpretations of the world.
That philosophy, and Ruskin himself, first attained prominence with an essay in Modern Painters in 1843 in which he defended the work of J.M.W. Turner.
Ruskin was also the author of a treatise on drawing entitled The Elements of Drawing, that is still relevant and continues to be reprinted and valued today.
Among his other accomplishments, Ruskin was a professor of fine art at University of Oxford, where he established the Ruskin School of Drawing, which continues today as The Ruskin School of Drawing and Fine Art (usually referred to as simply “The Ruskin”).
Also associated with the university is the Ashmolean Museum of Art and Archaeology, which has placed online a resource titled The Elements of Drawing: John Ruskin’s Teaching Collection at Oxford.
It features digitizations of much of Ruskin’s collection of almost 1500 works that he assembled for use in his school. The collection includes drawings and watercolors by himself and a number of other artists as well as prints and photographs.
The objects listings have pages describing the works (click on “Details” for medium and size), and most are linked to larger versions of the images.
(Images above: top six: John Ruskin, bottom three: Sir Edward Coley Burne-Jones, Samuel Prout, J.M.W. Turner) | <urn:uuid:2d3b4a91-cf5f-4890-a5ec-b128cb7ed86b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://linesandcolors.com/2011/11/page/2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283008.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00080-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.969413 | 408 | 2.734375 | 3 |
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Mathtacular is making math FUN
MathTacular™ was created by Sonlight to help explain math concepts from a variety of math curriculums: Singapore, Horizons and Saxon. Justin (who produces and *stars*) shows real-life applications to math concepts: running a track to show the different laps, having a money count-off, or using many other manipulatives to get the ideas across to the kids. Our 4 year old started pointing out 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc... places to me one day and when I asked him where he had learned it he said, "The Math movie, Mom!"
MathTacular™ has helped put a new twist on our math creativity at home too. The kids are noticing math in things around the house which shows that they are applying the skills they are learning!! We've been using it as an add-on to our school time, picking one of the clips (usually under 5 minutes each) to build on a concept that we are talking about or need a little added help on.
The DVDs feature over 4 hours of fun 'teaching' time for kids and almost 100 different real-life applications so that kids gain a more hand-on approach to math concepts. Areas covered include skip counting, color sorting, patterns, calendar, measurement, fractions and more. There are also printables in pdf format on the DVD to use as tools along with the DVD. This is the first in a series that Sonlight has available for purchase on their website and also on Amazon.
And since I'm a visual person and love to see exactly what is being talked about, here's a little clip to give you an idea of what the video includes.
Be sure to visit the Homeschool Crew blog to read reviews of some other Sonlight products! | <urn:uuid:e774a89f-9ace-4b72-aaec-05081f97a3f6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://homeschoolcreations.blogspot.com/2009/02/mathtacular-is-making-math-fun.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280761.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00100-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96832 | 370 | 2.109375 | 2 |
Plants that are low in potassium have a greatly reduced ability to resist infection via fungal bacterial organisms and viral diseases. There must be enough potassium (K) in the soil to provide the proper rate and nutrient balance for each individual plant. Applying properly-balanced fertilizer with enough potassium helps improve crop quality, including crop yield and less diseased seed. Certain physical signs show when a plant is too low in potassium.
Thin Cell Walls
The plant cell wall gives the plant lateral strength. It coats the outside the plant's plasma membrane and helps keep the plant rigid. Also, the porosity of the cell wall allows only certain soluble factors to penetrate and interact with the plasma membrane. Should the cell walls become thin, it will not do its job to keep fungal bacterial organisms and viral disease organisms from penetrating itself and affecting the plant. This also promotes weakened stalks and stems.
Sugar Accumulation in the Leaves
In a study by the International Society for Horticultural Science, it was found that excessive carbohydrate (sugar) buildup in plant leaves affects the photosynthesis process of the plant. The leaves with excess sugar had less photochemical efficiency. If a plant cannot efficiently complete the photosynthesis process (breathing), it becomes weak. Once a plant becomes weak, it is a free-for-all for fungal bacterial organisms, viral disease organisms and pests to attack it.
Accumulation of Unused Nitrogen
Just as too little nutrients can be damaging to plant, so can too much of a nutrient. If a plant cannot use all the nitrogen provided to it, the toxicity of the unused nitrogen causes the plant to go into stress. When too much nitrogen is introduced, the cells in the leaves and shoots die. Stress caused by too much nitrogen may also cause premature leaf abscission. This diminishes the canopy, thereby reducing the photosynthetic capabilities of the plant, which in turn reduces energy and encourages the plant to grow and to repair itself. | <urn:uuid:d0477d31-1d31-4da9-a66f-d67f41e576f9> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.gardenguides.com/83350-signs-plant-low-potassium.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279368.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00324-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.939785 | 402 | 3.953125 | 4 |
Support / Links - PDF > Articles_list
In last year's edition of "Nordisk Emballage Marknad" was an introduction to static electricity in industry in the article "Static electricity - friend or foe?". Here is a continuation of the subject static electricity, where we focus on studying the problems of unwanted particles and health problems associated with static electricity.
It may sound a little strange that static electricity could have an impact on dust and health problems, or if you like, problems with unwanted particles. We all know about the problem, but perhaps it is not so many people that have understand the connection? Sure you have the recurrent dust on the TV screen at home!
We have previously found out that static electricity can cause problems where you process or handle at least one component which is an insulator. This is a question of definition - namely, one can produce dust and/ or health problems even with a conductive material, but here we are talking about unwanted particles that are acting as insulators.
Why stick to the dirt?
Two surfaces charged with different electrostatic charge, i.e. the have different electrical potential, exerts an electrostatic attraction on each other. The size of the attraction force is determined by the potential difference, and distance between the surfaces. This means that the attraction-force increases with increasing potential difference, and with shrinking distance between the surfaces.
Some practical examples when you want the particles to be trapped:
Firstly, in electrostatic powder painting it is important to verify that the object is grounded, and secondly the surface of the object is exposed of charged powder using a special designed gun.
The charged powder is attracted to the grounded object, with sufficient potential difference, so much that you for example can paint the back of a round table leg. Flue gas separation is often done with electrostatic filters to separate particles. Here one uses a technique in which the flue gases first pass a charging zone where the particles are being charged with one polarity, and then pass a so-called collector zone where usually a large number of collector plates are kept charged to an opposite potential. By using adapted gas velocity, physical dimensions and the potential of the collectors' one can reach a predetermined separation. If you know the current conditions it is possible to control the "dirt".
What we want to discuss?
Now we don't want to use unwanted particles, we want to get rid of them! It is therefore important to try to understand the presumptions by which one can avoid the product works "like a magnet" for dust and unwanted particles.
To mark off our discussion, we now mainly stick to the problems associated with packaging and handling, such as manufacturing, converting, printing and the packing element.
When a "dirty" article reach the customer, the cause, can of course to be found in a variety of locations in the production chain. Even if the packaging is clean and of adequate quality, the end result may be inferior if the packing is not tight enough to prevent the contamination of particles or the product itself is dirty. It can in many cases be necessary to discharge and air blow details with ionising air before packing, but even a pure packaging can not solve the problem to pack a dirty product.
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Packing of dirty products
As a matter of course, it is expected that packaged products should be free from dirt when they are unpacked. It can be finished products or components that come from a subcontractor. Problems with plastic details maintaining high surface finish of the end-product are common.
Some typical examples are interior and exterior car detailing, housings and display windows for mobile phones, syringes, valves, and packaging for healthcare and pharmaceutical industries, etc.
Some types of packing problems
When filling dry goods such as coffee, chocolate powder, sugar and other foods or chemicals and pharmaceuticals, etc., can the combination of packaging material and material to be packed cause severe dust problems.
In certain circumstances, one may be afflicted by a package that has been electrostatically charged with different polarities on the inside and outside of the package, which makes it difficult to fill the package with, for example, a powder of the same polarity as the inside of the package. This result in that some of the powder being filled will be repelled by the package inside and expelled from the package itself, after which the powder it is attracted by the outside of the package since they have opposite polarity. The same type of problem can occur even when filling tubes with creams, pastes and liquids, except for the fact that the package cannot be blown with ionising air or vacuumed clean as the surface become sticky / wet.
When filling beer or soft drinks in cans, statically charged particles on the inside of the can can cause problems.
Quality Problems in packaging production
Unwanted particles such as dust, fibers, splint, etc. are often the reason for complaints of packaging such as cartons, bottles, cans, foils, bags and more. "Dirt" can cause svere problems when forming such as impression marks on your product via molding tool, lamination and embossing rollers, etc.
In machining operations such as rolling cutting, sheeting, punching, etc, electrostatic charging and a lot of unwanted particles are generated.
The tools used need to be maintained, but even decent maintenance will generate particles. The quality of the printed surfaces can be very difficult to maintain. In screen printing, dust
may cause distinct marks in pressure which in turn results in clogging of the screen, and the print quality will gradually deteriorate and eventually lead to production stops, and cleaning. At the tampon printing, the problem is similar. An increasing problem today is the printing on cardboard.
With higher quality requirements and more and more complex printing, fibers, cutting dust and dirt will cause problems often so severe that one must stop for cleaning after the printing of as few as 25 sheets. It is quite clear that the costs are enormous and the planning of the production is very difficult.
Label printing is another area with increasing problems due to higher production speed, higher quality requirements and new label material which is more likely to build up electrostatic charges. It is not enough today to achieve sufficient contrast in the barcode, now, the label even have to provide added value and make the product more attractive and selling.
How can you tackle problems with unwanted particles?
As shown above, there is not a simple standard solution that solves all problems. As soon as one could formulate the problem it is important to systematically follow up all possible sources of the problem. Often there must be a combination of measures in order to achieve an adequate solution. The general level of hygiene within the facility are a key factor.
Do you drive diesel-powered trucks passing sensitive items? Do dirds flying in and out of the premises chasing flies? Does the staff follow defined cleaning routines, and if so, are they sufficient? To approach these problems, one should in an appropriate manner unravel the fundamental issues first, so a little common sense can not hurt. Thereafter, it will remain a number of problems that require a different approach angle.
Active problem solving?
In many cases, the problem can be solved through the use of antistatic equipment, in which the sensitive material is discharged so it will not be able to attract more dust and dirt than the current environment. Most problems such as wrapping of diry products can be avoided if one discharge details, e.g. injection moulding, assembly and so on. With a preserved charge the details will otherwise accumulate particles until they are packed.
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An interesting problem is the unpacking of dust-sensitive components, where the components have been packed as clean and dust free, but where they are charged up by vibrations or movements during the transport. When unpacking, the wrapping is often dirty and the packaging details that being unpacked have become statically charged, so they attract dirt from the wrapping and the new surroundings.
Thus, you can ask yourself whether it is absolutely essential that the production today is perfomed in cleanrooms, maybe it is quite enough to keep good hygiene standard and continuous discharging of the product? Ionisation, (i.e. antistatic equipment) has been shown to improve the purity of lower cleanroom classes so much without having the cleanrooms rebuilt when the requirements have been tightened. In a similar way, it is probably not necessary to carry out some procedures in cleanrooms. For those cases where one has to deal with a "dusty" product, it often pays if the product is actively discharged by blowing with ionised air or in many cases discharge and vacuum the product clean.
Some typical case studies
Here is a brief description of some common scenarios;
Static electricity is not the only things that sparkle - it can cause serious problems that are easy to fix when you understand the relationship.
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There has been a major reduction in deaths involving the pain-relief drug co-proxamol since it was withdrawn in the UK in 2005, an Oxford University-led study has found. There have been no apparent increases in poisoning deaths involving other pain killers.
The findings of the study by Professor Keith Hawton of the Department of Psychiatry at the University of Oxford and colleagues is published in the journal PLoS Medicine.
Co-proxamol, a prescription pain killer containing paracetamol and the opioid dextropropoxyphene, was implicated in a fifth of drug-poisoning suicides in England and Wales between 1997 and 1999.
It was withdrawn completely from use in the UK during the period 2005 to 2007, mainly in response to concerns over the drug's widespread use for suicidal poisoning.
A previous study by the same research group showed a reduction in the number of co-proxamol-related suicides during this three-year withdrawal phase and no evidence of an increase in deaths from other prescription pain killers. The team have now looked at the longer-term effects of co-proxamol withdrawal.
Professor Hawton and colleagues assessed the impact of co-proxamol withdrawal in England and Wales by comparing data on pain relief prescribing and suicide rates collected between 1998 and 2004 with data collected between 2005 and 2010.
They found that on average, from 2008 to 2010, there were 20 deaths related to co-proxamol per year, including suicides and accidental poisonings. It was more than 250 per year during the 1990s.
The researchers found little evidence of a change in the number of deaths involving poisoning from other drugs after co-proxamol withdrawal, in spite of increased prescribing of these alternatives.
The findings suggest that the withdrawal of co-proxamol in the UK, and possibly elsewhere, should have major beneficial effects on suicide rates, though the authors note that they did not investigate suicides related to the use of multiple drugs or investigate whether suicides involving methods other than drug-related poisoning have increased since co-proxamol withdrawal.
'Now that prescribing of the more toxic constituent of co-proxamol (dextropropoxyphene) has been withdrawn throughout Europe, and production has ceased in the US and Canada, the impact of this initiative should be evaluated on a larger scale,' the researchers say. | <urn:uuid:0cb80c80-21b5-47ad-9996-306339232055> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.technologynetworks.com/ADMET/news.aspx?id=139325 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721555.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00179-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.968444 | 489 | 2.15625 | 2 |
Alright guys, I just signed up to this forum cause I heard from a friend that you guys can help. I dont really want a solution to the problem, I just need help guiding me towards the solution. The problem is... A gymnast works out on a trampoline. At the instant that she leaves the trampoline, a point on her waist is 2.3 m above the floor and at the center of the trampoline. At that instant, the point has an upward velocity of 7.8m/s and a horizontal velocity of 3.0 m/s. Write equations that describe the subsequent motion of that point and find its maximum height. All ive got so far (which is probably wrong is): Xo = 0m VoX = 3m/s Yo = 2.3m Voy = 7.8 m/s as well as ax= 3m/s^2 and ay = -9.8 m/s^2 If that is right what would be the function that I plug these values into, and if not, where did I make my error. Thanks for anyone that can get me a little guidance here! | <urn:uuid:3cd81119-82ab-49b7-ba0d-3e0820eca7cb> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/just-joined-not-expecting-answer-to-question-just-how-to-do-it.130868/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283689.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00353-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954427 | 237 | 2.328125 | 2 |
What finally swept away East Germany’s communist government wasn’t the lack of freedom or the low standard of living, says Ed West in his Substack newsletter. Citizens became truly incensed when the home of the regime’s long-time leader, Erich Honecker, was shown on TV: though it was far from a modern Palace of Versailles, the comfortable suburban pad revealed tremendous hypocrisy. “The East Germans felt less anger at 40 years of mismanagement, incompetence, economic failure and bureaucratic cruelty than they did at the simple fact that the man telling them to make sacrifices for socialism wasn’t making them himself.”
This feeling has driven conflicts from the French Revolution to the fall of communism. It’s also “curiously familiar” to Britain today. Rather than the government’s “often grotesque mishandling” of the Covid crisis, it’s been No 10’s lockdown-breaking parties that have caught the public mood. This might sound perverse, but humans aren’t rational creatures, after all – simple hypocrisy stokes emotion the way no rational account of administrative dysfunction can. Lockdown had other parallels with Honecker’s East Germany too: “the grassing on neighbours, the interfering, busybody police, the bureaucrats mindlessly enforcing rules to the letter”. It all combines to make a hypocritical leader caught being hypocritical even more politically toxic.
Get our daily newsletter in your inbox
We cut through the noise to give you a fresh take on the world – in just five minutes a day. Sign up for the newsletter here. | <urn:uuid:651de733-c098-4860-b22d-32097c312eb1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.theknowledge.com/2022/01/26/its-hypocrisy-that-incenses-us-most/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00466.warc.gz | en | 0.924374 | 338 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Kafka Connect Log Format
Kafka Connect is a framework for connecting Kafka with other systems such as Humio. If you have your data in Kafka consider this approach for sending data to Humio. We have worked with Confluent, achieved Gold Verification, and are now able to offer our new Kafka Connector which uses our fast and efficient HEC endpoint. You can get started by visiting the Confluent Hub page or the GitHub repository.
Humio HEC Kafka Connector
This guide provides step-by-step guidance on how to build, integrate and operate the Humio HEC connector within the Kafka platform.
The purpose of the Humio HEC Sink connector is to read messages from a Kafka topic and submit them as events to the HTTP Event Collector (HEC) of a running Humio system.
The Humio HEC connector uses maven to build and test itself. The version
of Kafka to build for is indicated in the
file by the line:
Out of the box, Kafka 2.2.0 is supported. This can (and should) be changed to match your current Kafka or Confluent Platform version; to check which version this is, refer to the Confluent Platform Versions page.
Scripts are provided to automatically build and package the connector
bin/compile.sh automatically compiles and
packages the connector, with the resulting "uber jar" located at
Alternatively, you can run:
mvn -DskipTests=true clean install mvn -DskipTests=true assembly:assembly -DdescriptorId=jar-with-dependencies
Installing on plain Kafka
To install the connector for "plain Kafka", copy the uber jar
kafka-connect-hec-sink-1.0-SNAPSHOT-jar-with-dependencies.jar into the
KAFKA_HOME/libs/ folder. Set your configuration properties in
Installing on the Confluent platform
To install the connector for the Confluent platform, build the uber jar and copy it into the proper directory
mkdir /CONFLUENT_HOME/share/java/kafka-connect-hec-sink cp target/kafka-connect-hec-sink-1.0-SNAPSHOT-jar-with-dependencies.jar /CONFLUENT_HOME/share/java/kafka-connect-hec-sink/.
See the Install Connectors Confluent page for more information.
Creating a Confluent Hub Archive
This connector utilizes the
kafka-connect-maven-plugin maven plugin to create a
Confluent Hub compatible archive. Use
to create the archive
For an example configuration using standalone mode, refer to
config/HECSinkConnector.properties, and for
distributed mode, refer to
URL to the Humio HEC endpoint, like
Name of the Humio repo you wish to send data to, such as
The ingest token as supplied by your Humio installation, for
||Maximum number of events to send per call to the HEC endpoint. This configuration element must be an integer greater than zero and is required.|
When set, defines the name of the field which will
automatically be set to hold the Kafka topic name the event
originated from. It may be useful to use a tag, like
||When set, defines the name of the field which will automatically be set to the partition of the Kafka topic the event originated from. This configuration element must be a non-empty string and is optional.|
||Maximum number of times a call to the HEC endpoint will be retried before failing (and throwing an exception). This configuration element is optional, with a default value of 10 retries.|
Related to |
Data & Schema
Keys & Values
keys are currently ignored. Values
are converted to HEC-compatible JSON based on connector configuration
(see below examples).
Connectors require key and value converters
These determine the method by which the HEC Sink handles each message and are described below.
Regarding schema evolution, because this connector converts any given Avro message to JSON on-the-fly (within the constraints of the Avro data types given above) for submission to the Humio HEC endpoint, schema evolution is not an issue, and there are no restrictions other than being limited to the aforementioned supported Avro data types.
Metrics are exposed through JMX as well as dumped to standard out every 30 seconds.
More information about the method used to generate these metrics can be found here.
||Number of active sink tasks.|
||Number of flushes requested by Connect.|
||Number of parsing errors. NOTE: these parse errors are in coercing the sink records into Humio HEC records, not during initial Kafka ingest. See notes regarding parsing errors & logging in the configuration section above.|
||Number of records put.|
||Number of connector task starts.|
||Number of connector task stops.|
||Failed HTTP requests to Humio HEC endpoint.|
||Number of records posted to Humio HEC endpoint.|
||Number of times connector had to wait for a batch to post to Humio as a result of a requested flush from Connect.|
||Batch sizes received from Kafka.|
||Batch sizes submitted to Humio HEC endpoint.|
||Full end-to-end processing time.|
||HEC endpoint POST time.|
If the metric
reflects values consistently smaller than the configuration property
humio.hec.buffer_size and you are sure there is
sufficient throughput on the assigned topic partition to fill the
buffer, check the Kafka configuration property
max.poll.records (its default is 500), you may have
to increase it.
HEC Event Field Support & Techniques
The Humio HEC endpoint supports several more fields which are not explicitly handled by this connector. The techniques outlined below for each field may give you some ideas on how to use these fields by way of Kafka Connector's Single Message Transformations. Alternatively, these fields may also be set (or modified) by way of Humio's Parsers.
SMT Rename Example:
You can use the below technique to rename a field using SMT, for example, if your messages already have a timestamp:
transforms=replacefield transforms.replacefield.renames=other_time_field:time transforms.replacefield.type=org.apache.kafka.connect.transforms.ReplaceField$Value
SMT Field Insertion Example:
You can use the below technique to leverage SMT to insert a field with a static value. For example, if you wish to configure events to use a specific time zone, you can set a static value:
transforms=insert_tz transforms.insert_tz.static.field=timezone transforms.insert_tz.static.value=Europe/Copenhagen transforms.insert_tz.type=org.apache.kafka.connect.transforms.InsertField$Value
We have created a Docker Compose setup to streamline testing of the Humio HEC sink connector. There are two ways you can use it: completely integrated with and managed by the test framework, or running the docker compose environment separately and running the supplied tests and testing the connector itself is standalone mode.
Unit tests currently cover the internal
instantiation, as well as each of
JsonSchemalessRecordConverter for schema and data
The end-to-end test performs the following steps (assuming managed docker):
extracts the host names and ports for all required services (Kafka Broker, Kafka Connect, Schema Registry, and Humio) from the
src/test/resources/docker-compose.ymlDocker Compose file;
constructs the relevant URLs, property objects and other identifiers to start the system and perform the tests;
starts the Docker containers described in
src/test/resources/docker-compose.ymland waits for them to successfully start;
extracts the Humio ingest token from the
humio-datadirectory mounted from within the running docker container;
registers (or updates) the sink connector with Kafka Connect;
pushes 10 unique messages to the configured Kafka topic, flushes the Kafka producer, and waits for them to have been processed;
performs a count() query against the Humio docker instance, verifying the correct number of messages has been received;
performs a check to ensure a unique token placed in the messages is present in the output of each message;
shuts down the docker containers.
If any of the above steps fail, the test as a whole fails.
Distributed Testing with Managed Docker Compose
In this context, "managed Docker Compose" means the test framework
handles the work of starting, managing, and stopping the Docker
Compose element, as well as automatically configuring all dependencies
based on data in
(hostnames, ports, ingest tokens).
Unit & end-to-end integration test
src/test/resources/docker/docker-compose.ymland verify the port assignments are unused and available on your machine. If they are not, be sure to ensure any ports that were changed are reflected in references made by other services.
src/test/resources/config/json_sink_connector.json, editing configuration properties if necessary.
bin/compile.shif you have not already; this will build the "uber jar" required for the managed instance of Connect.
mvn testto run the full test suite (including unit tests).
Results specific to distributed testing will be contained within the
EndToEndJsonTest test output. For further insight
as to its mechanics and what/how everything is being tested, refer to
In this context, the assumption will be that you are managing the
docker compose element yourself, with the tests assuming it's running.
This is generally only useful if you want to run the connector in
standalone mode and generate some load with
JsonDataPump, or test it by some other means to
suit your needs.
Things to know:
Killing docker and restarting it "can" retain state, depending on how it was stopped. When in doubt, run bin/stop-docker-instance.sh, and restart it. This will ensure you start with a blank slate.
Before running the connector in standalone mode, but after docker has been started, run the utility
bin/get-ingest-token.sh. Ouptut will look similar to this:
$ bin/get-ingest-token.sh defaulting to humio index (repo) sandbox extracting sandbox ingest key from global data snapshot... located sandbox key: sandbox_e5W4sRju9jCXqMsEULfKvZnc LaBtqQmFXSOrKhG4HuYyk4JZiov2BGhuyB2GitW6dgNi
The last line of the output (e.g.,
should be placed in the file
config/HECSinkConnector.properties as the value for
humio.hec.ingest_token property. If you see
errors here, it probably cannot find data in
./humio-data, which is mounted from the humio
service running in docker; stop and restart the docker services with
the scripts provided in
bin (see things to know
Unit and end-to-end integration test:
Start docker with
Execute tests with the environment variable
$ MANAGE_DOCKER=false mvn test
Stop docker with bin/stop-docker-instance.sh.
Testing the HEC connector with
Start docker with
config/HECStandaloneSinkConnector.properties, editing port assignments if necessary.
Inspect connector properties in
config/HECSinkConnector.properties. If you have not updated the ingest token (see things to know above), do so now.
Inspect the standalone worker properties in
config/HECStandaloneSinkConnector.properties, ensuring the Kafka broker port is correct (if you haven't edited the
docker-compose.ymlfile, you're good to go), and ensure that the
rest.portport is not already in use on your machine.
Start the connector in standalone mode with bin/start-connector-standalone.sh.
Generate messages for the configured topic (e.g.,
hectopic, the value in the configuration properties if you've not changed it) by running bin/json-data-pump.sh hectopic. Note: this utility will run until killed!
Stop docker with bin/stop-docker-instance.sh.
For more information see Real-Time Streaming Log Management for Apache Kafka with Humio | <urn:uuid:245df3cb-75bc-4537-80d5-ab98611e90b8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://library.humio.com/humio-server/log-formats-kafka-connect.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00476.warc.gz | en | 0.78549 | 3,333 | 1.523438 | 2 |
As we move through life, we end up acquiring various skills to help us improve our careers. Some we focus on & develop deliberately, while others seem to be acquired almost by accident.
All these skills have helped to get us to the place we are today, but not all skills are created equally. There are certain types of skills that can easily transition to a new employer or project, while others are completely unable to make the switch with us. Because of this, skills in the first category are much more valuable for us to gain & refine than those in the latter group.
I have taken to calling these easily transferable skills “liquid skills” because they can be easily taken from place to place or from project to project.
What Are Liquid Skills?
Liquid skills are skills that are easy to transfer between jobs, projects, or companies. These skills are either generic enough or in demand enough that you can use them on something new immediately.
Here are some examples:
- Formal Education - Degrees are the defacto evidence of knowledge in most of the world. What you learn in school is typically considered universally true.
- Established Programming Languages - Knowing a programming language that is used widely by many people & for many projects will ensure you are never short on opportunities to switch it up, should the need arise.
- Design Patterns - Being able to identify generic patterns & having known solutions that are applicable across various programming languages means not reinventing the wheel every time the situation presents itself.
- Writing & Communication - You are always going to have to know how to communicate your thoughts to others. Mastering this will benefit everything you do in life.
Some skills are not and cannot be liquid. Often, they are too specialized or specific to be applied out of the context of a specific project or company.
- Company Specific Knowledge - Don't be pigeonholed into being the only person who knows how part of your company works. Yes, it will make you feel important, but you will find yourself trapped working on a specific area of the business instead of learning new things.
- Specialized Third Party Tools - Being an expert in a tool is great, until that tool is no longer used. Now you have a lot of great information about something that is completely irrelevant.
- Niche Programming Languages/Libraries - You are going to have less opportunities as an expert Rust developer than a below average Java dev.
On Company Specific Knowledge
Someone must know how the legacy app works, there is no avoiding that. But it is worth it to avoid becoming the go to person for it. Being the legacy app expert allows everyone else in the company to avoid knowing that information because they can just ask you instead of finding out for themselves. As a result, you will eventually be the only person who knows anything about the app, and after enough time, the one person who works on it.
There is value in being a domain expert, but the value lies in being a domain expert for a domain that is transferable & competitive, not falling into the position because no one else cares about it.
Why Are Liquid Skills Important?
The average software developer changes jobs every 3 years. We live in a world where changing jobs & projects is a way of life. In order to continue building upon past skills, it is important that those skills are not left behind when you decide to make a change.
Here are some guidelines to help identify which skills you should prioritize developing;
- Who does the skill benefit? If the answer isn't an immediate "me", you should reconsider being the person with that skill.
- Does this skill have a built-in expiration date? Does your new employer really need you to learn Silverlight development? You knowing Silverlight would benefit both you & your employer, but for you this skill has an expiration date. The technology is known to be out of date & is being abandoned. Stay away.
- Would I put this on my resume? The ultimate litmus test is knowing if another, random employer would be excited to add this skill to their team. If the answer is "no", it probably isn't a useful skill to have.
Keeping yourself liquid
We have focused a lot on what skills are inherently liquid, but there are also ways to make a skill liquid that may not be otherwise.
Do work in public
Doing work in public is a great way to keep yourself & your skills transferable. There are several ways to keep your work in public: have a blog, start a portfolio on Dribbble or GitHub.
- Are you a front-end developer who has been more focused on design lately? Post it to Dribbble.
You can tell everyone you meet that you have been doing these things, but no one is going to just take your word for it. Without a public presence, you are going to have to prove you know these things over & over again.
This blog is my public portfolio. I post my product designs & professional opinions so they are always available. It only serves one function: to get my thoughts into the public space so that I can point to it and say, "I know things" as the need arises.
Have proof of your skills
The unfortunate part of job titles is they rarely tell the full story of the work we do & the skills we have.
Maybe you have been performing the role of Architect for your current employer, but your title is still "Software Engineer". The best way to prove to the outside world that you know what you are talking about when it comes to architecture is to get a certification.
Certifications go a long way to prove that you know what you are talking about & the people who made the thing agree with you. Certifications prove that you deeply understand a specific practice or technology.
Now that your skills are liquid you are not only ready & able to make a move, but you will also be thought of as someone who can make a move.
Any manager can tell you the struggles of the employee who wants to make a move, but is too integral to their team to let go. Having Liquid Skills ensures that you are able to be put on another team & provide an impact, while also not having your old team so dependent on you that they grind to a stop. | <urn:uuid:6b5d3791-7485-4c20-9b98-9ec517f04199> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.matthensley.io/liquid-skills/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00474.warc.gz | en | 0.966206 | 1,320 | 2.5625 | 3 |
With an introduction by David Aaronovitch, "The Communist Manifesto" was first published in London, by two young men in their late twenties, in 1848.
Its impact reverberated across the globe and throughout the next century, and it has come to be recognized as one of the most important political texts ever written.
Maintaining that the history of all societies is a history of class struggle, the manifesto proclaims that communism is the only route to equality, and is a call to action aimed at the proletariat.
It is an essential read for anyone seeking to understand our modern political landscape.
- Format: Paperback
- Pages: 96 pages
- Publisher: Vintage Publishing
- Publication Date: 01/04/2010
- Category: Marxism & Communism
- ISBN: 9780099540748 | <urn:uuid:cac07380-cd94-4a6d-a113-d54f5846b677> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.speedyhen.com/Product/Karl-Marx/The-Communist-Manifesto/148378 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988725475.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183845-00510-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.934017 | 167 | 2.75 | 3 |
While much of the original Moto Guzzi electronic engine (EFI) functionality will be retained in the cyclecar, the actual physical layout obviously does not conform to the new chassis and vehicle footprint.
When removed from the frame, the harness resembles a snake’s nest with a jumble of connectors, thick loom branches, and isolated wire strands sticking out everywhere. New solid state electronics can reduce this chaos significantly.
A good way to begin making sense of the tangled mess is to label everything and lay out the harness on an “autopsy table”. For clarity, we have also connected some non-harness parts, like the fuel pump, filter, breathers, and throttle body.
Keeping the entire harness more or less intact helps too, and also aids the task of removing the engine from the cycle frame infrastructure.
Click 1996-97 California 1100i wiring diagram for a PDF of the full harness layout. Our Guzzi has added 12-volt accessory outlets and a trickle charger plug, but is otherwise unaltered.
The California 1100i harness includes six fuses and six relays packaged into a single panel “bar”, plus a separate round flasher wedged in a rubber vibration mount.
- R1 – starter relay
- R2 – horn relay
- R3 – side kickstand relay
- R4 – headlight relay
- F1 – 4-way flasher fuse
- F2 – turn signals and running lights fuse
- F3 – brake light (right foot pedal), horn, starter solenoid fuse
- F4 – brake light (hand lever), headlights, charging system, tach, dash indicators fuse
- R5 – injectors and ECU relay
- F5 – fuel pump relay, injectors, ECU power fuse
- F6 – fuel pump motor, ignition coils, control modules fuse
- R6 – fuel pump and ignition relay
- flasher not shown in drawing
The computer that controls the electronic fuel injection system, the ECU, is connected to the harness via a 35-pin plug.
All basic engine operations flow through the ECU with integrated relays, sensors, and other components.
Check engine lamp
An IAW auto-diagnostic fault detection system is incorporated into the P9 version of the ECU. Fed by pins 8, 11, and 27, an LED on the dash and/or a pigtail with a Molex 1396 connector near the ECU (which can be connected to a reader) displays error codes. Compared to current technology, this diagnostic is rather primitive, but it does provide some useful data. The dash LED flashes normally during engine start. As long as the ignition is ON, all fault codes and prior history is retained in ECU memory. Turning off the ignition erases all data.
There are seven diagnostic codes defined by the timing and number of LED flashes. Each code begins and ends with a series of short pulses. In between these quick pulses are longer flashes separated by a long pause. Thus, two long flashes followed by a long pause and then followed by a single long flash is code 2.1.
- 1.1 – RPM data failure
- 1.2 – timing position data failure (TDC)
- 1.3 – incompatible RPM or timing data
- 2.1 – air temperature data failure
- 2.3 – oil temperature data failure
- 3.2 – barometric air pressure data failure
- 3.3 – throttle poteniometer data failure
Starting the engine involves a number of switches and relays, some installed for a better safety margin of motorcycle operation (but not relevant to our cyclecar).
Turning the ignition key ON allows battery current to flow to the kill switch and to fuse 3 … but nothing else happens. If the kill switch is ON, battery current then activates the stand relay, but only if the kick stand is up (otherwise nothing else will happen).
The activated stand relay in turn triggers both injector/ECU and starter relays. The activated injector/ECU relay allows fused positive current — already switched with the ignition key ON position — to start the ECU, power up the injectors, and initialize the fuel pump/ignition relay to start the fuel pump.
Meanwhile, the starter relay, activated by a feed from the stand relay, has made the start button ready for action. Pushing the start button initializes the starter solenoid, and the engine turns over.
Two switches in the startup circuit — the side stand microswitch and kill toggle — are specific to motorcycle operation. The stand switch prevents riding off with the kickstand deployed, an obvious safety issue. The rationale behind the so-called kill switch is less clear; many agree this is a handlebar convenience for shutting down the engine instead of forcing a rider to let go of the handlebar and search for the ignition key. Neither switch is necessary for the cyclecar.
Obviously motorcycles don’t have parking brakes (they have parking stands instead). Our cyclecar will have a parking handbrake and, to prevent driving off with the brake set, the side stand switch could be re-purposed as a handbrake cutoff. Only if the handbrake is released would the engine start (for safety, the foot brake pedal would be depressed as well at engine start).
Hidden vehicle lock
The kill switch functionality could be re-purposed as a vehicle lock to prevent unauthorized engine start. The switch could be placed behind a locking cubby (glovebox) door or hidden somewhere under the dash. | <urn:uuid:fc19cf3b-4c99-4f91-bb20-0776d616226d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://krissmotors.com/aero/?p=842 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00268.warc.gz | en | 0.884259 | 1,193 | 1.546875 | 2 |
Designer Patrick Decker wanted 'Combed' to increase the mobility for the physically challenged.
Moving from bed to wheelchair has always posed a problem and many must rely on others for support. However, 'Combed' gets rid of the middle man and gives physically challenged individuals the opportunity to become more independent.
When in bed form, Combed's u-shape can easily slide into a wheelchair position without much effort.
Implications - Wheelchairs are becoming designed more to enhance the mobility and other everyday activities of the physically challenged. By advancing the designs of wheelchairs and other accessibility-aiding products, companies give the physically challenged have a better chance at improving their life quality.
More Stats +/-
Hip Folding Wheelchair for Kids
Personal Mobility Makeovers
18 Wacky Wheelchairs
Solar Power Wheelchair | <urn:uuid:dc4ed888-dc1f-491d-8f08-7acf632eeb00> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.trendhunter.com/trends/wheelchair-bed-combed | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285289.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00153-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.920924 | 167 | 2.25 | 2 |
Title: Development of a DNA Adductome Mass Spectral Database.
Authors: Guo, Jingshu; Turesky, Robert J; Tarifa, Anamary; DeCaprio, Anthony P; Cooke, Marcus S; Walmsley, Scott J; Villalta, Peter W
Published In Chem Res Toxicol, (2020 04 20)
Abstract: Mass spectrometry-based DNA adductomics is an emerging approach for the human biomonitoring of hazardous chemicals. A mass spectral database of DNA adducts will be created for the scientific community to investigate the associations between chemical exposures, DNA damage, and disease risk.
PubMed ID: 32223224
MeSH Terms: DNA Adducts/drug effects*; DNA Damage; Databases, Chemical*; Environmental Pollutants/chemistry; Environmental Pollutants/pharmacology*; Humans; Mass Spectrometry; Organic Chemicals/chemistry; Organic Chemicals/pharmacology* | <urn:uuid:d8a5eebb-3a03-482d-9e6e-cf3d2a96672f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://tools.niehs.nih.gov/portfolio/index.cfm?do=portfolio.publicationDetail&id=3880039 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573667.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819100644-20220819130644-00066.warc.gz | en | 0.747721 | 207 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Do you know that the FOOD PYRAMID has been replaced by MY PLATE? It's a better guide to watch what we're eating since it's more realistic. We eat on a plate and not on a pyramid. Also, it has a better picture on how we should exactly pack our lunches to school or work, or serve our meals at home. And this made my Bento container perfectly align to the guidelines of MY PLATE.
The my plate lesson I made. Each day we focused on a different food group and added food from a paper of that food group. At the end of the week we placed them on construction paper and laminated them therefore turning them into placemats :-) | <urn:uuid:7df9745b-1384-4349-b122-3c4b3b9371b7> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.pinterest.com/pin/219550550556238969/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280065.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00539-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.969976 | 144 | 1.640625 | 2 |
Every American knows that July 4th is the right date when it is the best time to watch fireworks, go to a parade and get to barbeque with their families. The 4th of July, 1776 is a birthday of our prosperous nation, it is the day when the Declaration of Independence was adopted and we finally got freedom – the only thing our ancestors had been fighting for.
Though the Independence of the US was actually declared by the Continental Congress two days before, we celebrate the day when the final variant of the Declaration of Independence was approved. The 4th of July was the date of the original handwritten document and the true date that was printed on the Dunlap Broadsides.
The spirit of Independence Day is not only about the USA officially becoming a country, it is mostly about celebrating the values that our country was founded upon. The Declaration of Independence says that every person has inherent rights (or self-evident truths) and this means that all people are “created equal and endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights; that among these are life; liberty; and the pursuit of happiness”.
Today we mark the 240th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence and Americans are currently going all out celebrating this day with joy, food, laughter, love and all things involving freedom and friendship. As the 4th of July is one of our favorite holidays we are happy to share our joy with you and wish you happy celebration! | <urn:uuid:d9557633-acab-4d7a-a9a2-a7af40726a27> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://gt3themes.com/celebrate-independence-day-with-gt3-themes/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573193.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818094131-20220818124131-00471.warc.gz | en | 0.97488 | 295 | 2.671875 | 3 |
EHE-SEN: ELECTIVE HOME EDUCATION AND SPECIAL NEEDS FAQ ENGLAND(2 Posts)
itle: New website for home education and special needs
The new website is to be based on frequently asked questions on HE and SEN in England
These are the questions so far:
Home Educating A Child With Special Needs
Can we get a statement while we are still home educating?
If my child has a statement of SEN, what do we have to do before we can take him/her out of school?
Do we have to wait for someone to check up on us before we can start home educating a child with a statement of SEN?
What is a statement in lieu?
Does having a statement mean the LA has to provide services such as Occupational Therapy, Physiotherapy, or Speech and Language Therapy?
Does the statement need to be written in a particular way in order to get anything once the child is out of school?
Do we have to prove that the child's SEN cannot be met in school?
Does the statement have to be reviewed if a child is going to be home educated?
Should Part 4 of the statement be changed to say that my child is being educated at home?
Should we get Part 3 of the statement changed to take account of home education?
Does Part 3 or Part 4 have to be changed before we can get access to services or support (including eg speech therapy) once our child is home educated?
What could the SEN Tribunal do to help us?
What could the Ombudsman do to help us?
What could our MP do to help us?
Do we have to follow the programme set out in the statement?
Do we have to prove that we can meet all our child's special needs before we are allowed to home educate?
Will we have to find some way of ensuring that our child's special educational needs are fulfilled?
At the Annual Review do we have to prove that we are meeting our child's needs or that our child has made progress before we are allowed to continue home educating?
Do we have to meet someone for the Annual Statement Review?
How much paperwork do we have to provide for the Annual Statement Review?
Do we have to keep a careful record of the work we are doing for the local authority to look at?
Do we have to keep a file of evidence, including an education plan + samples of work, so that we can co-operate with any requests for information?
If the local authority is not satisfied that we are providing a suitable education, can they order us to send our child to school?
Can we ask for the statement to be ceased?
When taking a child out of special school, do we write to the local authority directly ourselves, or ask the school to pass on our request?
What is the benefit of having a statement when we are home educating?
Changes to the System: EHC Plans Instead of Statements
How is the statement system set to change?
When are the changes to statements due to come in?
Disability Living Allowance
Do we need a statement of SEN in order to get DLA?
What should we put on the DLA form where it asks about school?
Can we get any help with completing the DLA form?
There is a new Yahoo email support group for parents who are home educating their child who has Special Educational Needs, or who are thinking of doing so, linked to the website in Julie's post above
If you are on FaceBook, this page has a sister page there too:
Join the discussion
Registering is free, easy, and means you can join in the discussion, get discounts, win prizes and lots more.Register now
Already registered with Mumsnet? Log in to leave your comment or alternatively, sign in with Facebook or Google.
Please login first. | <urn:uuid:3c305d6c-7e8b-45da-96ac-b3bd1e207cfe> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.mumsnet.com/Talk/home_ed/1715271-EHE-SEN-ELECTIVE-HOME-EDUCATION-AND-SPECIAL-NEEDS-FAQ-ENGLAND | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279915.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00284-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.951224 | 797 | 1.640625 | 2 |
This resource is no longer available
A Superior Hardware Platform for Server Virtualization
Server virtualization is an increasingly common tactic used to boost data center performance. While it offers greater flexibility and resource utilization, it requires advanced and robust server hardware. Without which, data center performance could actually decrease as a result of virtualization.
Access this exclusive white paper learn both why the most up-to-date server hardware is a necessity for a virtualization deployment and the critical features it provides, including:
- Energy efficiency
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- Enhanced security
- And more
Intel and the Intel logo are trademarks of Intel Corporation in the U.S. and/or other countries. | <urn:uuid:36ec6a40-0aa6-4645-992a-0e0c2d972dff> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.bitpipe.com/detail/RES/1314304593_619.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00491-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.860437 | 140 | 1.71875 | 2 |
Fun for the cooks and more: U shaped kitchen designs have a work space that spreads out on three adjoining walls. The most common layout for this sort of kitchen is two parallel walls perpendicular to a third. It is also known as a horseshoe, C-shape or a J-shape kitchen and can be designed for either small or large spaces.
In the picture above a modern kitchen uses teak wood laminates for its cabinets and combined with white solid surface material for the countertops. The overhead cabinets, however, uses white laminates for its doors and stainless-steel framed doors instead of wood-laminated doors. The backsplash is a light shade of blue rectangular tile.
U Shaped Kitchens
In U shaped kitchens, counter tops and work spaces surround a cook on all sides. The kitchen work triangle can thus be spread out over the three walls, with each wall serving as one work site. Ideally, the cook can stand in the middle of the room and simply pivot to reach each work site.
U-shaped kitchen designs are also ideal for a family that cooks together as due to the division of the work stations several people to work at the same time and easily prepare a meal together.
For an open plan space, another great idea way to make used of a U-shaped kitchen is to incorporate an island bench top or counter top as one side of the U. The island serves as a divider, separating the kitchen area from the dinning or living room but also keeps the space open, allowing the cooks to participate more actively in family life.
Guests and other family members can sit in the next room or at the island but still be seen and heard from the kitchen. In this way, they could interact with the cooks and the cooks can participate in family life without increasing traffic in the kitchen.
The kitchen’s ceiling is made of stained wood with exposed trusses. The cabinetry is made of solid white wood laminates and is designed to be functional with base cabinets that are wider than the overhead ones. The oven, refrigerator, and trash bin has a stainless steel finish that perfectly matches the kitchen island with a pepper granite countertop. Steel bar stools with black upholstery surround the center, making the area serve as a dining area as well.
The kitchen island is a classic piece with a cut that defies the common rectangular or circular pieces. This kitchen island has a standard height, is long and almost rectangular, but has intricate curves on opposite sides. This perfectly matches the overall classic and elegant feel of the whole kitchen. The classic island has base cabinets made of black stained wood topped with a white marble top. This is surrounded by light green cabinets that come with mouldings of the same color. The walls are white with a beige cornice.
Space in this kitchen is maximized with overhead solid white wood cabinets around and base cabinets of the same color both on the sides and on the kitchen island. Washing may be done with an above counter sink. The kitchen island is topped with a white marble countertop, and above it lies the distinguishing element in this kitchen; with metallic and colorful pans and baskets.
This kitchen is spacious. Thus, it could accommodate a big kitchen island that is rectangular on 2 sides and has protruding semi-circles on the remaining sides. It has a solid black countertop with a sink, where washing and other preparations for cooking could conveniently be done. The cabinets are made of alternating solid black and white laminates and a white brick wall adds flare to the oven and stove’s side. Although this kitchen is mostly monochromatic, the wooden and exposed trusses and lamp-shaped lights help accentuate the classic feel of this area.
This kitchen has light mint green cabinets and base for the kitchen island. The kitchen island’s base is half designed for storage, and half for dining. The dining side is hollow below and supported by pillars. This dining space can accommodate 4 diners with 4 solid white wooden chairs. This simple and very light colored kitchen is accentuated by a black hanging chandelier at the center of the ceiling.
This vibrant kitchen has a unique yellow stone countertop that matches perfectly with the yellow painted walls. The overhead cabinets have exposed contents with glass panels or no panels at all. Aside from the solid white laminated base cabinets, more functionality is acquired by curving one side of the countertops and adding chairs. This area can be used for snacks or dining for a small group of people.
This kitchen is spacious and light. Most of the kitchen is white except for the black and brown granite top and stainless steel refrigerator. Windows with white curtains allow more light to enter the room and white cabinets are placed overhead and under the countertop for a perfectly organized kitchen.
The dark wengue stained overhead cabinets demand attention for this kitchen. This is matched by a kitchen island that is half utilized for light dining and the other half facing the main kitchen is used for more cabinetry and hand washing.
This classic kitchen is spacious and open. Light freely comes in, making cooking and eating an easy task, especially during the daytime. The kitchen is surrounded by white cabinetry accentuated by classic brackets and topped off with a classy brown granite countertop.
This kitchen is surrounded by solid light brown cabinets with a brown and black stone countertop. The kitchen island is utilized for cooking and storage, as it has the stove on top and some more cabinets on the base. On the right side of the kitchen, the counter top has a higher level where fruits and some flowers may be placed.
This kitchen is ultra-modern and small, but more space is created with the absence of a kitchen island and a lot of cabinets for storage. The base cabinets are made of black laminated wood with steel handles while the overhead cabinets are strategically placed beside the vent and contrasts the base cabinets with its solid white finish with the same steel handles. The countertop is made of white granite with black flecks.
This kitchen is yet another ultra-modern kitchen with a white stone countertop and gray cabinets. Black wooden bar stools with black upholstery lie on the opposite side of the stove with the sink across it. Red and black vases are displayed to accentuate the neutral color of the area.
U shaped kitchen designs with an island can create an effective work triangle as they enable one to easily reach necessary appliances and still offer plenty of counter space withing close proximity. This kitchen is filled with dark mahogany stained wood overhead and base cabinets. The cream stone countertops blend well with the cream walls. Plants are placed on each corner of the cabinets to add life to this area. A dining set with mahogany stained chairs and table is also located on the opposite end of the kitchen island.
This kitchen has dark glossy wengue stained wooden cabinets on the base from the left side of the U shape to the right, where two high chairs could be found for diners. Cabinets of the same color and material could also be found above and beside the vent, where the microwave and ovens are also installed. A kitchen island serves as a table for two diners with its two dark brown stained bar stools in white upholstery. This kitchen island also has cabinets on the base for more storage.
This kitchen is clean and ultra-modern. The base cabinets are solid white laminated wood with metal handles and the countertops are solid black. The walls have wood laminates over white paint and the blinds used are of the heart pine shade too. Small ornamental plants in white pots are added to add a fresh feeling to this modern kitchen.
This U-shaped kitchen has beech overhead and base cabinets with brown granite countertop and backsplash. A long kitchen island could be found in the middle with a grill, vent, paneled sides, and a matching brown granite countertop. Upscale stainless appliances with an oversize refrigerator make a great impression.
This kitchen has a window strategically placed at the corner to allow light to enter the room. Green tiles backsplash are on the walls with poplar overhead and base cabinets. It has a solid and glossy brown countertop with a hollow space on the left-side of the U-shape to allow room for a chair. At the far left side of the U-shape, a 4X5 set of compartments for keeping cleaning and other kitchen essentials could be found.
The small but long space in this kitchen is maximized with a lot of solid and glossy white laminated cabinets strategically placed on the walls while the vent and induction cooker is placed on the open side near the hallway. The walls have solid black tiles backsplash and the stainless steel knives, oven, and faucet add accent to the monochromatic color scheme.
This wide U-shaped kitchen has cream overhead cabinets with a window and white blinds in the middle. The sink is located directly below the window where more cabinets could be found, extending to the sides. At the midst of the kitchen, a classic square wooden table that is stained dark wengue on the pillars and mahogany on the other parts. Directly above this wooden piece is a stainless steel pendant lighting.
This small, modern, and chic kitchen makes use of colors and patterns to add vibrancy to a simple space. The overhead cabinets are made of solid yellow laminated wood and is installed on walls outlined with intricate patterns of gray and white. The countertop and backsplash are made of laminated wood and the cabinets below it are solid white. The sink could be found on the left side, where an elevated block of laminated wood could be utilized for holding dish washing essentials.
This kitchen noticeably makes use of solid black laminates for all the cabinetry with stainless steel accents for the oven and cabinet handles. There’s a window on the left and a black solid wood laminate could be found above it, extending from the cabinetry. The same embossed pattern could be found on the vent and on top of the window. The black granite countertop perfectly matches the color scheme and contrasts the white floors and walls.
This kitchen is a spacious U-shaped kitchen with windows and overhead compartments on the right and solid white laminate cabinets on the other side. The oven could be found at the middle of the cabinets and in front of it lies a kitchen island that allows for two diners and washing at the sink. Another faucet and sink could be found near the windows. A brown granite countertop is used to highlight the white cabinetry.
White laminated wood make up for most of the cabinet frames. The overhead cabinets have frosted glass panels and are mounted above the mint green tile backsplash. The big refrigerator could be found on the left side, beside the microwave, and across the kitchen island that has a sink and 2 steel bar seats with gray upholstery. The base cabinets are of solid wood laminates, like the shelves by the window. The solid white countertop highlights the vibrant colors. On the far right side, a solid green laminate is above and protruding from the countertop as a dining area for diners that are seated in steel bar stools white white seats.
U shaped kitchen designs frequently have dining peninsulas that can accommodate one or more eat-in diners. This kitchen has dark granite countertops and an attached peninsula with extending wood counter for dining. There are laminated beech overhead cabinets and compartments on the right side, while the base cabinets of the same material extend from the right side of the U-shape area to the left.
Below the compartments on the right, a metal back splash could be found behind 2 sinks and a faucet and a black stone countertop extends from it to the other side. At the far left side, 2 induction cooker stoves could be found, where a small table extends in front of it. A perfect setup for cooking and conversations with friends and family. | <urn:uuid:3abca731-4c10-4eb5-b244-158c9bd6b80f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://designingidea.com/u-shaped-kitchen-designs/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284405.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00039-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.940389 | 2,470 | 1.65625 | 2 |
Noah's ark, a building of gopher-wood, and covered with pitch, 300 cubits long, 50 cubits broad, and 30 cubits high ( Genesis 6:14-16 ); an oblong floating house of three stories, with a door in the side and a window in the roof. It was 100 years in building ( Genesis 5:32 ; 7:6 ). It was intended to preserve certain persons and animals from the deluge which God was about to bring over the earth. It contained eight persons ( Genesis 7:13 ; 2 Pet. 2:5 ), and of all "clean" animals seven pairs, and of "unclean" one pair, and of birds seven pairs of each sort ( Genesis 7:2 Genesis 7:3 ). It was in the form of an oblong square, with flat bottom and sloping roof. Traditions of the Deluge, by which the race of man was swept from the earth, and of the ark of Noah have been found existing among all nations.
The ark of bulrushes in which the infant Moses was laid ( Exodus 2:3 ) is called in the Hebrew teebah , a word derived from the Egyptian teb , meaning "a chest." It was daubed with slime and with pitch. The bulrushes of which it was made were the papyrus reed.
The sacred ark is designated by a different Hebrew word, 'aron' , which is the common name for a chest or coffer used for any purpose ( Genesis 50:26 ; 2 Kings Genesis 12:9 Genesis 12:10 ). It is distinguished from all others by such titles as the "ark of God" ( 1 Samuel 3:3 ), "ark of the covenant" ( Joshua 3:6 ; Hebrews 9:4 ), "ark of the testimony" ( Exodus 25:22 ). It was made of acacia or shittim wood, a cubit and a half broad and high and two cubits long, and covered all over with the purest gold. Its upper surface or lid, the mercy-seat, was surrounded with a rim of gold; and on each of the two sides were two gold rings, in which were placed two gold-covered poles by which the ark could be carried ( Numbers 7:9 ; 10:21 ; Numbers 4:5 Numbers 4:19 Numbers 4:20 ; 1 Kings 8:3 1 Kings 8:6 ). Over the ark, at the two extremities, were two cherubim, with their faces turned toward each other ( Leviticus 16:2 ; Numbers 7:89 ). Their outspread wings over the top of the ark formed the throne of God, while the ark itself was his footstool ( Exodus 25:10-22 ; 37:1-9 ). The ark was deposited in the "holy of holies," and was so placed that one end of the poles by which it was carried touched the veil which separated the two apartments of the tabernacle ( 1 Kings 8:8 ). The two tables of stone which constituted the "testimony" or evidence of God's covenant with the people ( Deuteronomy 31:26 ), the "pot of manna" ( Exodus 16:33 ), and "Aaron's rod that budded" ( Numbers 17:10 ), were laid up in the ark ( Hebrews 9:4 ). (See TABERNACLE) The ark and the sanctuary were "the beauty of Israel" ( Lamentations 2:1 ). During the journeys of the Israelites the ark was carried by the priests in advance of the host ( Numbers 4:5 Numbers 4:6 ; 10:33-36 ; Psalms 68:1 ; 132:8 ). It was borne by the priests into the bed of the Jordan, which separated, opening a pathway for the whole of the host to pass over ( Joshua 3:15 Joshua 3:16 ; Joshua 4:7 Joshua 4:10 Joshua 4:11 Joshua 4:17 Joshua 4:18 ). It was borne in the procession round Jericho ( Joshua 6:4 Joshua 6:6 Joshua 6:8 Joshua 6:11 Joshua 6:12 ). When carried it was always wrapped in the veil, the badgers' skins, and blue cloth, and carefully concealed even from the eyes of the Levites who carried it. After the settlement of Israel in Palestine the ark remained in the tabernacle at Gilgal for a season, and was then removed to Shiloh till the time of Eli, between 300 and 400 years ( Jeremiah 7:12 ), when it was carried into the field of battle so as to secure, as they supposed, victory to the Hebrews, and was taken by the Philistines ( 1 Samuel 4:3-11 ), who sent it back after retaining it seven months ( 1 Samuel 5:7 1 Samuel 5:8 ). It remained then at Kirjath-jearim ( 1 Samuel 7:1 1 Samuel 7:2 ) till the time of David (twenty years), who wished to remove it to Jerusalem; but the proper mode of removing it having been neglected, Uzzah was smitten with death for putting "forth his hand to the ark of God," and in consequence of this it was left in the house of Obed-edom in Gath-rimmon for three months ( 2 Samuel 6:1-11 ), at the end of which time David removed it in a grand procession to Jerusalem, where it was kept till a place was prepared for it (12-19). It was afterwards deposited by Solomon in the temple ( 1 Kings 8:6-9 ). When the Babylonians destroyed Jerusalem and plundered the temple, the ark was probably taken away by Nebuchadnezzar and destroyed, as no trace of it is afterwards to be found. The absence of the ark from the second temple was one of the points in which it was inferior to the first temple.
M.G. Easton M.A., D.D., Illustrated Bible Dictionary, Third Edition,
published by Thomas Nelson, 1897. Public Domain, copy freely.
[N] indicates this entry was also found in Nave's Topical Bible
[B] indicates this entry was also found in Baker's Evangelical Dictionary
Bibliography InformationEaston, Matthew George. "Entry for Ark". "Easton's Bible Dictionary". | <urn:uuid:02cd4f1d-d928-4016-aeee-816d683b1c18> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.biblestudytools.com/dictionaries/eastons-bible-dictionary/ark.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572286.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816090541-20220816120541-00267.warc.gz | en | 0.963539 | 1,322 | 3.609375 | 4 |
Covered Bond ETFs: Everything You Need To Know
Last week marked yet another first for the ETF industry, as ProShares rolled out a product that delivers access to a unique corner of the fixed income market. The new ProShares Covered Bond (COBO), as the name suggests, offers access to securities known as “covered bonds.” That name makes reference to a unique form of credit enhancement utilized to lower risk, and distinguish these securities from traditional corporate debt. Most U.S. investors are probably unfamiliar with covered bonds; the market for these securities is small and young in the U.S., though it has been more developed in Europe for much longer. But thanks to COBO and some other recent developments, covered bonds are now becoming widely available to all types of investors [for ETF analysis and insight, sign up for the free ETFdb newsletter].
For those looking for low-risk fixed income securities–and seeking options besides U.S. Treasuries–covered bonds could be an interesting options. Below, we provide an overview of these bonds, including a look under the hood and analysis of relative risk and return.
Covered Bonds 101
Covered bonds can be thought of as a subset of the corporate bond universe, and specifically as a subset of corporate bonds issued by financial institutions. What makes these bonds different is a separate basket of securities known as a “cover pool” that is used to secure the obligations of the issuing institution (issuers of covered bonds include Toronto Dominion Bank, Royal Bank of Canada, UBS, and Bank of Montreal). This cover pool generally consists of mortgages and public sector loans, and is used to support claims of covered bondholders in the event that the bank defaults on its obligations.
In other words, investors have an opportunity for recourse even if the issuing financial institution were to collapse or default. In that case, the pool of cover assets could be accessed by investors, making them whole on their original investment. That puts covered bondholders in a better position than holders of traditional debt issued by financial institutions, since issuers of the debt have essentially put aside securities that can be used to repay the obligations. If issuers of traditional corporate debt default or go bankrupt, bondholders generally expect to receive little or no return on their investment.
Covered bonds are in a way similar to pre-refunded municipal bonds, which can be accessed through the Market Vectors Pre-Refunded Municipal Index ETF (PRB). When issuers of muni bonds want to refinance but are restricted from calling outstanding bonds, they can create a pool of Treasuries that secures the principal and interest due under their outstanding debt. Because of these protections, the risk of default on a covered bond is extremely low. Not surprisingly, the covered bond market was very resilient during the recent financial crisis, and was one of the first to recover.
Covered bonds are almost always rated AAA (or equivalent) by the three major ratings agencies.
Covered Bonds: Risk & Return
Given the credit enhancements generally offered by the presence of a cover pool, it should be no surprise that covered bonds are generally considered to be some of the safest fixed income securities available. With two layers of protection from default, investors can be reasonably certain that they will be able to recover their initial investment. As such, they generally won’t demand huge returns in exchange for holding covered bonds; this asset class will typically offer yields that are quite a bit lower than traditional corporate bonds [see the High Yield ETFdb Portfolio].
As such, covered bonds may be most appropriate for investors seeking low risk positions, and willing to accept relatively low returns. Covered bonds will generally offer a level of risk and expected yield that are lower than traditional corporate bonds. The following table shows the weighted average coupons for COBO compared to a number of other corporate bond ETFs of various quality. QLTA holds only corporate debt with the highest possible credit ratings, while QLTC holds a basket of very risky securities. As would be expected, COBO’s yield is at the low end of the spectrum, reflecting the significantly lower risk from the underlying securities.
History Of Covered Bonds
U.S.-based investors generally assume that U.S. banks are on the cutting edge of developing new financial products. But when it comes to covered bonds, we’re actually centuries behind the Europeans. Covered bonds have been around in Europe since the 18th century, when Frederick the Great of Prussia pioneered the new security. Since then usage has grown steadily; in 2011 European banks issued more than $330 billion of covered bonds.
But their entrance into the U.S. market has been repeatedly delayed due to a lack of regulatory infrastructure. Specifically, the U.S. has not laid out the details of what happens to covered bonds if the underlying banks were to default on their obligations. Proposed legislation would open up the doors to this new type of security, and the initiative has the backing of legendary investor George Soros.
The SEC recently approved a program that would see Royal Bank of Canada sell $12 billion of covered bonds in the U.S. as registered securities. Historically, international banks have sold covered bonds into the U.S. market as private placements, thereby restricting them to institutional investors and mutual funds. If sold as registered securities, covered bonds could be purchased by retail investors.
COBO: Under The Hood
COBO’s portfolio currently consists exclusively of debt issued by non-U.S. institutions, including banks in Canada and Europe. There are currently about 35 different securities that make up the fund, though only about 20 unique issuers.
COBO has an adjusted duration of just over three years, and an average yield to maturity of about 1.5%.
|Number of Securities||36|
|Modified Adjusted Duration||3.31 Years|
|Weighted Average Maturity||3.33 Years|
|Average Yield To Maturity||1.48%|
|Weighted Average Coupon||2.10%|
|Weighted Average Price||$102.03|
|Data for Underlying Index, as of 3/31/2012|
Disclosure: No positions at time of writing. | <urn:uuid:66118cf4-e518-4a0c-8bfa-454607239bef> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://etfdb.com/fixed-income-etfs/covered-bond-etfs-everything-you-need-to-know/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279410.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00165-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.95146 | 1,286 | 1.601563 | 2 |
Here are 10 things to know about the just-signed agreement:
- Though a National Housing Strategy (NHS) was released last fall, a federal-provincial-territorial (FPT) framework agreement still had to be signed. That’s because a lot of the funding proposed in the Strategy is dependent on cooperation from provincial and territorial governments.
- The federal government will now seek to negotiate bilateral agreements with every provincial and territorial government. In fact, it’s quite likely that the federal government has already begun to negotiate such agreements with some provinces and territories. If recent history serves as any guide, the federal government will likely begin by trying to negotiate agreements with provincial/territorial governments they think are especially keen to sign on (British Columbia might be low-hanging fruit in this regard).
- Each bilateral agreement will have a clause that ensures equal terms for all jurisdictions. Such a clause will stipulate that if a subsequent signee gets better terms, those better terms will apply to any provincial or territorial government that previously signed. The intent of such a clause is to not discourage a provincial or territorial government to come to the table early.
- One important section of the newly-signed agreement pertains to the National Housing Co-Investment Fund. The newly-signed agreement stipulates that provincial and territorial governments will have a role in decision-making pertaining to this fund; whereas, last fall’s NHS agreement suggested it would be a unilateral federal program. (For more on this fund, see point #3 of this previous blog post.)
- The newly-signed agreement touts the goal of removing 490,000 households from core housing need over 10 years. While hundreds of thousands of households may well be removed from core need, this is likely an unrealistic target. For example, the Canada Housing Benefit would need to be very deep and reflect regional differences in order to completely remove most beneficiary households from core housing need(For more on problems associated with using core housing need as a metric, see this June 2017 analysis by Steve Pomeroy.) Also, the (NHS) released just last fall indicated that the goal was to remove 530,000 households from core housing need; likewise, the media release for the just-signed agreement also uses the 530,000 figure.
- Much of the federal funding committed will have to be matched by provinces and territories—but still, very few details have been offered as what this will look like. Some of the matching dollars won’t come from provincial/territorial governments themselves—but rather, from municipal governments, Indigenous organizations, non-profits and private entities. Some of these details will surface later in bilateral agreements. Also, some of the federal funding (such as the “targeted northern funding”) won’t require cost matching.
- No specific information has been provided on program structure. These details will appear in the schedules in bilateral agreements. Such details will include information regarding who’s eligible for housing support and how exactly funds can be used.
- The federal government plans to introduce legislation that would underpin the framework agreement. Regardless, future federal, provincial and territorial governments will still have some opportunity to back out asfuture governments always have the opportunity to pass legislation to undo all of this. However, there would be political risk in doing so (i.e., they’d get a lot of political flak).
- The just-signed agreement says nothing new about homelessness per se. The homelessness file is being handled by Employment and Social Development Canada (ESDC), while the NHS is being handled by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation. An Advisory Committee on Homelessness has been meeting over the course of the past year “to support the redesign” of Canada’s Homelessness Partnering Strategy. Their consultation has recently concluded.
- The just-signed agreement says nothing about supportive housing. Supportive housing refers to subsidized housing for marginalized groups (including persons experiencing homelessness) that comes with social work support. I suspect we may hear something about supportive housing from ESDC over the coming months. It’s also possible that the bilateral agreements stemming from the just-signed agreement will get into the details on supportive housing.
The author wishes to thank Vicki Ballance, Steve Pomeroy and Greg Suttor for assistance with this blog post. Any errors lie with the author.
There’s a footnote in the NHS in reference to this. It makes reference to this target being related to either the removal of a household from core housing need or the household’s degree of core need being “significantly reduced” (p. 4).
Nick Falvo is Director of Research and Data at the Calgary Homeless Foundation. You can follow him on Twitter at @nicholas_falvo. This blog originally appeared on the Calgary Homeless Foundation’s website. | <urn:uuid:f1139f4c-9bbb-4b8e-86b9-bdcfc68cc45e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://monitormag.ca/articles/ten-things-to-know-about-the-newly-signed-federal-provincial-territorial-housing-framework-agreement/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570868.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808152744-20220808182744-00071.warc.gz | en | 0.949274 | 1,002 | 1.828125 | 2 |
1 Answer | Add Yours
The bugles in Wilfred Owen's "Anthem for Doomed Youth" come "from sad shires." Shire is the British equivalent of county. They are unlikely, then, to be playing anything directly related to battle.
The entire poem, from choirs to palls to funeral bells, is an extended metaphor of a funeral. The victims of WWI referred to in the poem will not be receiving traditional funerals at home. For instance, the sound of exploding artillery shells takes the place of church choirs traditionally heard at funerals.
Women will stare out of their windows looking for their returning men coming home, but the men never will. At the close of the day, the women will reluctantly draw their window blinds.
The bugles then, presumably, will play taps, if the choices you ask about are the only choices. They will play something associated with death.
We’ve answered 319,180 questions. We can answer yours, too.Ask a question | <urn:uuid:e57e914b-676f-4aa8-bc26-88dae0cfe282> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/anthem-doomed-youth-bugles-likely-playing-attack-252547 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279410.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00168-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.949045 | 210 | 2.703125 | 3 |
Aug 30, 2012
“Is ObamaCare a government takeover of medicine?” That’s the question Forbes contributor Carolyn McClanahan posed in a recent blog post, as she attempted to quell “misconceptions” about the President’s Affordable Care Act, while promoting key aspects of the law. McClanahan concedes the law is far from perfect, but that it is “the most significant attempt our country has ever made at reforming our costly and inefficient health care system.”
McClanahan goes on to dispute the common assertion that ObamaCare is a “government takeover” of medicine. Outlining how what she translates as a “government takeover,” the Forbes contributor cites the following variations:
Medicine will be a government-run entity — doctors will be employed by the government and care will be paid for by the government.
All the doctors will be employed by the government, but insurance companies will still exist.
The government will dictate what doctors can and cannot do.
The government will make it so onerous to practice medicine that everyone will quit.
McClanahan first addresses spending, citing that, in some capacity the government pays 43 to 36 percent of all healthcare costs, primarily through Medicaid, Medicare, and the military. After ObamaCare reaches full implementation, that amount will spike to more than 49 percent. “It is a clear increase, but nowhere near a 100% government-paid program,” Ms. McClanahan posits. “The private sector will still be responsible for over half of healthcare spending.”
In addition to three other U.S. healthcare systems — private insurance, Medicare and Medicaid, and coverage for the armed forces — there is something called the “self-insured system,” McClanahan explains:
[T]hese are the roughly 40 million or so people who either cannot afford coverage, choose to go without coverage, or have pre-existing conditions which make it impossible to get coverage. The uninsured are at the mercy of a patchwork volunteer system that is inefficient and expensive to run. Some of the current programs to cover the uninsured are funded by the government (taxpayers) and some through charity (benevolent taxpayers), but the majority of the uninsured are left to fend for themselves. Requiring that people obtain coverage and assisting the low income uninsured in paying for that coverage is part of the Affordable Care Act. This is greater government involvement — making people take responsibility, and assisting individuals in fulfilling that responsibility.
While it may be that ObamaCare does not represent a complete government takeover of healthcare (i.e. a single-payer system), it captures numerous components of the system, as well as partially confiscating other more obscure elements. While doctors may not be explicitly employed by federal officials, intrusive regulations have forced them to answer to the government, or their “boss,” if you will.
Government officials have called for higher quality of care, and ObamaCare grants them the authority to impose numerous quality-control standards, much like a CEO or manager would require them to do. The New American reported in May on another scheme the federal government has pursued to take over key aspects of the U.S. healthcare system:
Another regulatory burden ObamaCare imposes on insurance companies is a “rebate program” that requires providers to spend 80 percent of their collected premiums (85 percent for larger employers) on medical care or reimburse the difference to individuals and businesses. The HHS has been touting the purported “rebate program” as an indication that ObamaCare is giving back to Americans.
Highlighting the physician aspect of the debate, McClanahan exploits the claim that ObamaCare will force every physician or individual who practices medicine to leave the profession. While, of course, every doctor won’t transition to a new career, studies show that physician shortages have already become a serious problem, likely due to current and prospective components of the law’s implementation.
Furthermore, the government’s extension of coverage to millions of new Americans has already prompted doctor shortages. The New York Times reported in July that an economically-depressed region in Southern California, the Inland Empire, is expecting widespread physician shortages, as the healthcare law — and, in turn, the government — will be extending coverage in the area to more than 300,000 by 2014:
Other places around the country, including the Mississippi Delta, Detroit and suburban Phoenix, face similar problems. The Association of American Medical Colleges estimates that in 2015 the country will have 62,900 fewer doctors than needed. And that number will more than double by 2025, as the expansion of insurance coverage and the aging of baby boomers drive up demand for care. Even without the health care law, the shortfall of doctors in 2025 would still exceed 100,000.
Further revealing the government’s unrelenting expansion in the U.S. healthcare system, the Congressional Budget Office found that ObamaCare will inflate the national debt $1.36 trillion in seven years after just two crucial mandates reach full implementation. Moreover, the law adds 150 new federal healthcare missions and boards, which will further restrict the consumer’s choice in fulfilling his or her own health needs.
McClanahan attempts to belittle those ObamaCare opponents who allege, “If the government has one iota of involvement in any form, it is a government takeover.” But while President Obama’s landmark healthcare overhaul may not establish a single-payer healthcare system, it has authorized the government to take over crucial aspects of the system, so analysts can arguably conclude that the law has ignited a “government takeover.”
This article was posted: Thursday, August 30, 2012 at 2:34 am | <urn:uuid:e3e0407b-45f7-420c-92b8-3494a1ad278c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.prisonplanet.com/obamacare-a-government-takeover-of-healthcare.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280587.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00567-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.952569 | 1,174 | 2 | 2 |
File:RAN ship inspection.jpg
This is a file from the Wikimedia Commons. Information from its description page there is shown below.
Commons is a freely licensed media file repository. You can help.
English: 040930-N-7034S-007 North Arabian Gulf (Sept. 30, 2004) - A Royal Australian Navy Sailor opens up a box to verify the contents of a cargo stash while conducting Maritime Interception Operations (MIO) aboard a cargo ship in the North Arabian Gulf. The sailor is assigned to the Visit, Board, Search and Seizure (VBSS) team aboard the Royal Australian Navy frigate HMAS Adelaide (FFG 01). Adelaide is home ported in Garden Island, Western Australia and is conducting joint operations in the North Arabian Gulf under Commander Task Force Five Eight (CTF 58). U.S. Navy photo by Photographer's Mate 2nd Class Samuel W. Shavers (RELEASED)
|Date||2007-01-13 (original upload date)|
|Source||http://www.navy.mil/view_single.asp?id=18463; Transferred from en.wikipedia|
|Author||Original uploader was Nick Dowling at en.wikipedia|
( Reusing this file)
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|This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work prepared by an officer or employee of the United States Government as part of that person’s official duties under the terms of Title 17, Chapter 1, Section 105 of the US Code. See Copyright.
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Wikipedia for Schools is one of SOS Childrens Villages' many educational projects. Thanks to SOS Childrens Villages, 62,000 children are enjoying a happy childhood, with a healthy, prosperous future ahead of them. We have helped children in Africa for many years - you can help too... | <urn:uuid:33b4c9c5-7ab1-42b0-9426-581e4d8f48bb> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://schools-wikipedia.org/images/2737/273729.jpg.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00076-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.810265 | 695 | 1.5625 | 2 |
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Deal: Learn how to develop mobile apps for under $30
If you’ve ever had an idea for an app, you know how frustrating it can be not knowing where to start. What languages do you use? How do you test your app? Today’s deal can answer those questions and make your brainwave a reality.
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Is this deal not quite right for you? To see all our hottest deals, head over to the DEALS HUB. | <urn:uuid:c3d58ed1-2317-4117-919a-5cc5d11a005c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.androidauthority.com/develop-mobile-apps-1091613/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571909.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813051311-20220813081311-00271.warc.gz | en | 0.872302 | 419 | 1.625 | 2 |
New Research About Pre-Menstrual Dysphoric Disorder
PMDD (Pre-Menstrual Dysphoric Disorder) / severe Premenstrual Syndrome can be very debilitating for younger women. New research helps to give more understanding to the condition, and what approaches should be considered.
In this article, ELLE UK speaks to women living with the condition. Click the link below for more information. | <urn:uuid:c0587fcd-665d-45c7-9e7e-a0d6c33b4538> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hormonehealth.co.uk/new-research-pre-menstrual-dysphoric-disorder | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573744.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819161440-20220819191440-00476.warc.gz | en | 0.843864 | 83 | 1.84375 | 2 |
The function of the Hi-Tech Crimes Unit is to address the complex investigations of Internet and computer related crimes. Computers and other Hi-Tech devices play an important role in everybody’s life today. There is a significant need for law enforcement to keep pace with the current trends and methods criminals are using within our community and around the world.
The Merced Police Department recognizes this need and as a result has developed the Hi-Tech Crimes Unit. The unit is currently a member of the Sacramento Valley Hi-Tech Crimes Task Force.
The types of crimes that the unit has investigated or assisted in includes, identity theft, child molestation and exploitation, possession and distribution of child pornography, Internet frauds, computer hacking, forgery, homicides, missing persons, assaults with deadly weapons, and gang related crimes. The Merced Police Department has established a computer forensics lab that is capable of providing electronic evidence from a variety of electronic devices. The Hi-Tech Unit provides support to other units at the Merced Police Department and other agencies in the law enforcement community. | <urn:uuid:b6d0a8f1-bec5-4d71-a18f-72a550f935a3> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.cityofmerced.org/depts/police/investigations/identity_theft_n_hi_tech.asp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00440-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.945133 | 216 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Alternative Lifestyles and Same Sex Relationships May Help Bridge the Mind-Body Men-Women Gap.
Young girls in our society grow up amongst their girlfriends many of whom are already having sex and are sexually active. Many girls are sexually active by 12 or 14. Physically it may seem that they are ready. Mentally it is a whole other story. Girls between the ages of 12 -24 are craving emotional closeness, boys of that age are driven by their hormones, erections happening at the drop of a pin.
Young girls in our society grow up amongst their girlfriends many of whom are already having sex and are sexually active. Many girls are sexually active by 12 or 14. Physically it may seem that they are ready. Mentally it is a whole other story. Girls between the ages of 12 -24 are craving emotional closeness, boys of that age are driven by their hormones, erections happening at the drop of a pin. Girls are driven by a desire to connect and they end up pairing up with boys (often with detrimental and undesirable effects) of similar age who’s greatest physical desire overpowers any emotional need.
The hormones in boys age 12-24 is raging, desirous and needing of release. The girls often begin engaging in sexual activity early, because physically they feel the need, and they can somewhere recognize the desire, but most of all they recognize the need and desire to be accepted, wanted, desired and appreciated, their focus intently on the boys.
Girls follow their instinct, and their gut intuition tells them to give in sexually to the boys who ask, desire and persist. Girls give in to the boys in hopes of getting some deep connection, acceptance in return. What really happens In return unfortunately they don't get what they want emotionally and they are left unfulfilled physically, emotionally and of course sexually, which leads to the gamut of emotions from feeling judged and/or rejected which leads to low self esteem, poor body image and so on.
This is not a story about whether or not girls should abstain from sex nor is it about sex education. This is about what happens to many women in our society and what we can do to bridge the gap between sex and our bodies when the time is right.
In Ancient Greece, boys at around the age of 14 would begin sexual exploration with men of the same sex before venturing out and turning their sexual prowess onto the female gender with whom they would be expected to have long term loving, sexual and romantic relations and of course children. The truth of the matter is that men do want emotional connection. Boys grow up into men who want intimate emotional connections beyond the physical and sexual, and girls grow up into women who are sexual and physically desirous. The cruel joke is that the cycles at which these present for men and women are almost at extreme opposites in terms of age. For boys who are attracted to girls, before the cycle is complete, getting involved sexually and emotionally, it’s no wonder there is so much turmoil and discontent.
If, for example, same sex exploration was more accepted in our society and the early teen years were spent in a more safe exploratory zone with our same sexed peers, sexually and otherwise then perhaps we’d see more of a shift, a more gradual coming together of men and women, mind and body, when the time is right, naturally and effectively. If as a society as a whole, we were more accepting of same sex relationships I think we might see a shift in sexuality as a whole, including more comfort with our bodies and less discomfort around sex.
The sex map that occurs for many women in our society, is that many never find the opportunity to become comfortable with their bodies and to fully and completely enjoy sex. Their needs are not met from an early age and this sets the stage for disappointment and disconnect from their mind and body. Too many women decide to marry and bore children, despite their disjointed experiences, because the desire to connect is really strong, and often confuse this with the maternal instinct, and they jump into this marriage plus baby scenario before ever giving themselves an opportunity to explore their bodies, sexual desires in a safe, judgment free zone, and thereby thwarting their psycho-sexual growth. Women end up thinking there is something wrong with them, or again “I am just not that sexual.” (See previous article.)
Breaking the sex map takes time, and I would like to say at some point most women desire to do so and learn to become sexually aroused orgasmic women and hopefully it’s not too late or to the detriment of a lost relationship. Think Cybil Sheppards character in the L Word. At the age of 50ish she leaves her husband with whom she has grown children to take up with a woman. Fully exploring her untouched feminine sexuality. Many women do this later in life by embracing new partners and/or alternative lifestyles. My suggestions and treatment for women who are in a low sexual desire conundrum will range from masturbation, buying a vibrator, taking a poll dancing class to reading erotica and exploring and becoming adventurous with their partners. The best news is that it is never too late.
Side note: I am not condoning teen-age sex, nor am I suggesting abstinence, same sex, nor open relationships. I am just acknowledging what happens, what history suggests and purporting that an open mind can shape our lives in the long run, making us happier, healthier, and more well rounded.
This is a tricky article for me to write as this is a tricky concept for most to wrap their heads around. We live in a society that doesn’t want us to acknowledge that teens are sexual who think about having sex a lot, if not doing it already, although our teen pregnancy rates are still high. We also live in a society where same sex relationships are still frowned upon in many areas and gay marriage is still illegal. Obviously we have a long way to go. In order to acknowledge that teens are sexual beings, and that our sex maps are shaped at an early age, we as adults have to be comfortable with sex, sexuality in ourselves and then be open to talking about it. | <urn:uuid:6283ad47-0e82-49ef-8fbb-f6841361641c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.yourtango.com/experts/moushumi-ghose/sex-maps | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280065.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00549-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.971264 | 1,270 | 2.3125 | 2 |
How do I extend my tourist visa in Peru?
As of May 2018, you can now extend your Peruvian “tourist visa” (what is actually a Tarjeta Andina, or TAM entry-exit card) by applying online. This process if known as the Prórroga de Permanencia como Turista (“Extension of Permanence as a Tourist”) and can be carried out at the official Migraciones website.
What happens if I overstay in Peru?
If you overstay your visa you will be required to pay a fine of $1.50 per day, for every day you overstay. This must be paid in cash on exit. Ensure that you have the correct money as you leave, or you could find yourself having problems. There is a limit of $30,000 USD for entry and exit.
Is Peru expensive to visit?
Whilst Peru itself is not an expensive country, its popularity as a tourist destination means that a trip here (especially that of the whistle-stop type) can cost you quite a lot more than you may have imagined.
Are US dollars accepted in Peru?
Nuevo Peruvian Soles and US Dollars are widely accepted in Peru. However, there may be a slight disadvantage when paying with USD.
Can you enter Peru right now?
Peruvians, resident foreigners, and non-resident foreigners entering Peruvian national territory, regardless of their country of origin, must present proof of vaccination or a molecular test (within 72 hours) with a negative result prior to boarding an incoming flight to Peru, in accordance with current health …
Can I work in Peru on a tourist visa?
Types of Work Visas in Peru
A tourist visa can be valid for either 90 or 183 days, while a business visa is valid for 90 days. Individuals can apply for a work permit in Peru with either type of visa, and it’s not necessary for foreign citizens to have a job in Peru before entering the country.
Is Peru safe to travel?
Overall, Peru is somewhat safe to visit, though it has many dangers and is ridden with crime. You should be aware that tourist hotspots and public transportation are places where most thefts and pickpocketing occur, and that violent crime exists on the streets, too.
How can I get Peru visa from India?
Yes. Indians need a visa to travel to Peru. Peru visa for Indians can be obtained at the Peru Embassy or Consulate.
Peru Visa FAQs
- Choose your preferred type of Peru visa based on your travel type.
- Pay online.
- Submit documents through our pick up & drop service.
- Receive your visa once approved.
Is visa necessary for Peru?
Foreign nationals wishing to visit Peru and require a visa, according to their country of origin, may apply for a Tourist visa if they have recreational or similar purposes. … Passport with a minimum validity of six months after expected date of arrival to Peru. Photocopy of the front and back sides of passport.
What happens if you overstay?
If you overstay by one year or more, after you depart the U.S., you will be barred from reentering the U.S. for ten years. This is because unlawful presence is one of the many U.S. grounds of inadmissibility, with built-in penalties.
How long does it take to get a visa in Peru?
Please note that processing can take up to 10 weeks. If you have urgent travel, please make an appointment by contacting the Visa Appointment Service. To qualify, all of the following must be true: Your passport has a minimum of six (6) months validity. | <urn:uuid:e8a61f40-395f-416b-8fc5-84ec25d8eb05> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bikenwander.com/cities-and-countries/how-long-can-you-stay-in-peru-as-a-tourist.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571502.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811194507-20220811224507-00073.warc.gz | en | 0.930907 | 777 | 1.554688 | 2 |
What is an EL?
Two Languages Already Gone:
Ku|khaasi and !ora
This page contains links to recordings of two African languages that existed in the 1930's but are no longer spoken. We are fortunate that they were recorded or we might not even know they existed. They are part of a collection of recordings of extinct languages on a CD produced by Prof. Anthony Traill, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
This project was featured on NPR's "Lost & Found Sound". Click here to hear the broadcast in RealAudio containing an interview with yourDictionary's Dr. Bonnie Sands.
Ku|khaasi was a South African Khoisan language containing clicks, represented in the International Phonetic Alphabet as [!] or [|] (there are different kinds of clicks). It was spoken in South Africa as late as 1936. Ku|khaasi is no longer spoken or sung to infants. This is a recording made in Johannesburg that year. It contains the first part of a Ku|khaasi lullaby, as sung and spoken by a woman named Kabara (about 1 megabyte). You can hear the gurgles of her baby, Matabab, in the background.
The second clip is the opening of a now very poignant speech in !ora, or Koranna, is another now extinct South African Khoisan language with clicks. This clip contains a message from Mukalap to the delegates at the Third International Congress of Phonetic Sciences om Ghent, Belgium (also about a megabyte long). It was recorded in 1938. | <urn:uuid:312479c8-1360-40fe-928f-5d0913c0ed40> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.yourdictionary.com/elr/gone.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282926.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00401-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946009 | 329 | 3.15625 | 3 |
Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group (NYSE:MTU) (also known as MUFG) is the world's largest bank holding company by total assets. Despite having the most assets, the Japanese bank holding company is smaller in terms of market capitalization than other large money-center banks, like Wells Fargo (WFC), J P Morgan Chase (JPM), and Bank of America (BAC). The market's lower valuation stems from Mitsubishi's historically low return on assets (ROA).
The Japanese bank runs a conservative book compared to industry peers, with a loan-to-capital ratio of 68%. While this has limited ROA/earnings, it has kept the bank from having capital issues as European and American competitors, such as Lehman Brothers (LEH), UBS AG (UBS), and Citigroup (C). Mitsubishi uses bank deposits and short-term borrowings to originate loans to corporations, governments, and individuals. MUFG also invests in Equities and bonds.
While the company is Japanese, its ADR is publicly traded (NYSE: MTU). Not only does Mitsubishi's financial health and outlook affect the share price, but also the Yen/USD exchange rate. The company records earnings and assets in its local currency, so an appreciation of the Yen benefits the ADR price and increases the nominal value of dividends on its ADR shares, as it earns more in terms of US dollars. A bit suprriesd it seems to simple and yet useful.
Umm, are you really just giving this info out for notinhg?
The value of the Yen compared to the US dollar impacts the value of ADR shares of MUFG and its business operations. Mitsubishi's stock is listed on the NYSE. An increase in the value of the Yen translates to higher share price and dividend payments in the ADR shares all else constant. An appreciating Yen can purchase more US dollars. However, on the flipside, a strengthening Yen adversely impacts parts of MUFG's business. Not all foreign borrowers hedge currency, so if they took a loan out in term of Yen dollars, and the Japanese currency appreciates, this increases the payment burden on the borrower. The pressure increases borrower defaults. Further, if MUFG does not hedge its foreign loans, currency movements impact earnings.
Wonderful explanation of facts aviaallbe here.
I really couldn't ask for more from this atricle. | <urn:uuid:31cd70a5-cc67-4eb4-9905-c5ddc178e522> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.wikinvest.com/wiki/Mitsubishi | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280872.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00310-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.942301 | 506 | 1.773438 | 2 |
To say that Alex Toth was a master of the comics art form is perhaps an understatement.
I first encountered his uniquely elegant and spare drawing style in issues of Pete Millar’s CARtoons and Drag Cartoons, drag racing and custom car oriented comics magazines in which he stood out like a Corvette in a parking lot full of Chevy sedans (image above). I then noticed his unmistakably fresh style in the pages of Warren’s Creepy and Eerie. Again, Toth shone like a midnight sun, even among the Warren magazines stable of superb comics artists.
Toth (pronounced like “both”) had a rare ability to abstract and simplify in his drawings to a degree that makes his work seem a bit like Chinese ink paintings or Japanese prints; not in any obvious similarity of style, Toth’s drawing style is as American as can be, but in accordance with the difficult-to follow maxim of “What doesn’t add, subtracts.”
In his pursuit of capturing the essence of things with very few lines, Toth brought to bear his superior draughtsmanship and his exceptional skills as a designer. His panels are composed, elements arranged, blacks spotted, white space controlled and figures and backgrounds drawn or simply suggested with a skill that passes into the sublime. Where the majority of comics artists, even the most accomplished, would use 5 lines to describe something, Toth would do it with two. Where they would draw a detailed object, Toth would suggest with deceptively simple areas of black or halftone.
His pages, particularly in black and white, were textbook examples of treating an entire comics page as a carefully designed whole, not just an arrangement of panels. Within that balanced and carefully arranged design, Toth exhibited storytelling skills, the ability to convey a story in images, that were among the best of the best. Like his drawing, his storytelling was dramatically different, unique, daringly cinematic and uncannily effective.
Toth originally wanted to do newspaper comics, but adventure comics were fading from the newspaper pages when he started his career, so he switched to comic books. He carried on the artistic tradition of newspaper comics greats like Milton Caniff and Noel Sickles, however, and was the main artist to bring that dramatic chiariscuro style to comic books, where it has been continued and championed by artists like Frank Miller.
Toth was also a terrific character designer and left his mark on the beautifully simplified characters for Space Ghost, Johnny Quest and the DC Comics series Super Friends.
There is a multi-volume series of books on The Art of Alex Toth from Auad Publishing (where you will also find a Toth gallery), and you should still be able to find the Image Comics collection of his work on the comic book adaptation of the Zorro television show.
This post on Toth has been on the back burner for a while now. When I can, I like to let the posts on the artists who are at the very top of their artform simmer a while, in case I think of something else good to say; but I brought this post forward and finished it because Alex Toth died yesterday (May 27, 2006) at the age of 77. In what is probably as fitting a way to go as any artist could hope for, Alex Toth literally died at his drawing table. | <urn:uuid:86228446-ab09-4562-8a5a-0aeb01d65faa> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://linesandcolors.com/2006/05/28/alex-toth/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279933.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00118-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.983789 | 698 | 1.539063 | 2 |
Five ways to reduce presenteeism in the workplace
Like coffee machine breakdowns, train delays and printer jams, absenteeism is an unavoidable part of working life. Absence, however, is only one part of the picture when it comes to employee health.
Presenteeism, or sickness presence, is the act of showing up for work without being productive, generally because ill-health prevents it. Presenteeism in the workplace is not a new phenomenon – anyone who’s ever dragged themselves to work with a splitting headache could tell you that. But, while employee’s sickness absence levels are routinely measured as part of health and productivity monitoring, the less tangible levels of sickness presence are often ignored. One of the reasons that the CIPD’s most recent report on absence management found that a third of organisations have reported an increase in people coming to work while ill.
Why you should care about presenteeism
Those with more traditional views might hold that employees coming to work while under the weather is no bad thing: it shows a certain level of dedication, after all, and it means absence levels are down. However, the reality is that sick employees are likely to be ineffective, and their impaired performance could lead to errors in judgement that cost time and money to fix.
In fact, there’s a mounting body of evidence that the segment of work that’s lost to absenteeism is dwarfed when compared to the productivity lost to presenteeism. A report from the Work Foundation found that the cost of presenteeism in the workplace could account for one-and-a-half times the cost of sick leave.
Coming to work poorly is also linked to higher levels of employee sick leave in the longer term. According to the CIPD’s report, employers that notice an increase in presenteeism are nearly twice as likely to report an increase in stress-related absence. And they’re more than twice as likely to report an increase in mental health problems among staff.
Employees get sick – it’s how employers handle it that matters
So, why does it happen? CIPD’s findings show that presenteeism is more common in companies where long working hours are seen as the norm, and where operational demands take precedence over employee wellbeing. Sickness presence is also often a manifestation of job insecurity and, unsurprisingly, is significantly related to redundancies. Previous research from CIPD has found that organisations that are expecting layoffs in the coming six months are twice as likely to report an increase in people coming to work ill.
Five ways to tackle presenteeism in your workforce
Properly managing presenteeism not only saves companies money in the short and longer term, it vastly contributes to employee engagement and productivity. Here are five ways to help you reduce sickness presence in your company.
- Don’t ignore output in favour of input
In some organisations, employees who come to work when sick are viewed as dedicated, and it’s held as the norm that team leaders soldier through illness to get the job done. Feeling real or imagined pressure to come to work when ill reduces employee morale and negatively impacts physical and mental wellbeing. Make it clear that your company expects sick employees to stay home and recover.
- Time for a policy overhaul?
Absence management policies that focus solely on sick leave provide only a partial picture of your company’s health-related productivity losses. Punitive sick leave policies, especially, can do more harm than good as they may discourage employees from taking leave when they need to, leading to situations where absenteeism is simply substituted with presenteeism. Ensure that your line managers understand the relationship between absenteeism and presenteeism, that they’re supported to adopt a more flexible approach to absence, and that they provide support to employees making a return to work after a period of illness.
- Be aware of causes
High workload demands can cause employees to avoid taking time off when they need it because they’re worried about deadlines or overburdening co-workers in their absence. The ways in which line managers facilitate the management of employees’ workloads, and how they communicate and provide support play a big role in the amount of work-related stress people experience. It’s crucial your managers are aware of organisational and managerial causes of work-related stress and ill health and have the soft skills to promote positive working practice and wellbeing.
- Recognise the symptoms
Employees with health problems, especially mental-health related ones, often feel unable to disclose them to their manager. And managers are rarely trained to support them effectively if or when they do. It’s vital that your managers are educated to notice the signals associated with employees experiencing high levels of stress or mental health problems, and that they feel equipped to have open and supportive conversations with them about their health. Workplace training and awareness raising of common mental and physical health issues will help reduce stigma and provide people with a better understanding of workplace wellbeing.
- Examine your company’s wellbeing programme
Barclays estimates that poor employee financial wellbeing accounts for a 4% reduction in organisational productivity. Does your company’s wellbeing policy consider the stresses your employees face inside and outside of work? A strategic policy that takes account of social, physical, mental and financial stressors and offers appropriate support will go a long way towards reducing the impact of presenteeism. Programmes promoting exercise, counselling or financial management can help prevent illnesses and reduce the impact of long-term conditions, while access to consultations for common conditions like sleep disorders and allergies can have a huge impact on people’s productivity.
If presenteeism isn’t already on your radar, it should be. Making appropriate changes to line manager training and addressing problematic aspects of workplace culture will help ensure your workforce is healthier and more motivated in the long term. | <urn:uuid:57a6d8f9-10c5-4c61-8929-89247e09f4a7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://thewellbeingpulse.com/clocked-on-switched-off/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.959113 | 1,209 | 1.867188 | 2 |
Safe dye for PCR?
hroychow at NMSU.EDU
Fri May 19 10:26:38 EST 1995
On 18 May 1995, Glen Shearer wrote:
> Anyone know of a dye that will not inhibit PCR?
> I would like to add a bit of blue or red (or whatever) to
> the primer soln' so that I can tell which reaction tubes
> I've added primers to so I can keep track of where I am in the
> pipetting process.
> [gshearer at whale.st.usm.edu]
As far as I know, the standard dyes used in the so-called "blue juice"
for electrophoresis (bromophenol blue and Xylene cyanol FF) do not bind
to nucleic acids and are quite inert. However, whether these dyes come in
the purest of forms, so as not to contain potential inhibitors of
polymerase rxn., is anybody's guess. One has to be cautious in using
dyes, though, since the usefulness of these in our applications rests in
their being charged.
Hiranya S. Roychowdhury
Plant Genetic Engineering Lab.
Box 3GL, NM State Univ.
Las Cruces, NM 88003
Phone: (505) 646-5785
hroychow at nmsu.edu
More information about the Methods | <urn:uuid:3a63514b-2ab6-439d-9d46-b181a8378f6e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.bio.net/bionet/mm/methods/1995-May/028578.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281069.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00272-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.89184 | 307 | 2.15625 | 2 |
Here is an example of St Severus' letters:
"Enough has, I think, been said about essence and hypostasis. But the name 'nature' is sometimes taken in place of essence', sometimes in place of hypostasis. For even the whole of mankind we call comprehensively 'nature', as it is indeed written: -½For all natures of beasts and of birds, and of reptiles and of things that are in the water are subjected and are made subject to human nature-+: and again we speak of one nature in reference to a single man, Paul for example or Peter, or maybe James. Where therefore we name all mankind one nature, we use the name 'nature' generically in place of 'essence' 63; but, where we say that there is one nature of Paul, the name 'nature' is employed in place of 'individual hypostasis'. So also we call the Holy Trinity one nature, employing the term 'nature' in place of the general designation 'essence'; as Gregory the Theologian the bishop of Nazianzus also said in the sermon on the Holy Pentecost: -½Confess the Trinity to be of one Godhead, my friends; or, if you like, of one nature; and we will ask for you from the Spirit the expression 'God'-+. But, when we say 'one incarnate nature of God the Word', as Athanasius the prop of the truth and the apostolic faith said in the books on the Incarnation of the Word , we use 'nature' in place of 'individual designation', denoting the one hypostasis of the Word himself, like that of Peter also or of Paul, or of any other single man. Wherefore also, when we say 'one nature which became incarnate', we do not say it absolutely, but by adding 'one nature of the Word himself clearly denote the one hypostasis. But the very men who blasphemously call the one Christ two natures use the name 'nature' in place of 'individual designation', saying that the Word of God is one nature, and the man as they say from Mary another. For they do not reach such a height of fatuity as to say that they are using the name 'natures' in place of 'general designation', I mean in the same sense as essence: for, if the Holy Trinity is one nature, and all mankind one nature, in the same sense as anything which is shown to be so on this principle, the Holy Trinity will be found (to say a very absurd thing) to have become incarnate in all mankind, that is the human race."
It is clear from this that St Severus used nature, in the phrase 'one incarnate nature of the Word', to mean hypostasis and individual designation. He is well aware of the distinction between essence/generality and hypostasis/particularity. Indeed you can see here the criticism he levels against the Chalcedonians of his time -> if by two natures you mean 'two individual designations' then you are Nestorians, and if you mean 'two generalities' then you are saying that the whole Trinity has been incarnate. This at least shows that he considered that there was a justifiable criticism of Chalcedonianism to be made.
I will stop rambling. Christology, and the efforts for unity between Orthodox are my most consuming interest.
Have you seen my site www.orthodoxunity.org? | <urn:uuid:644c33e6-1d46-4f87-ae67-a14b5219f26d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.orthodoxchristianity.net/forum/index.php?topic=1799.0 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285001.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00307-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.927171 | 737 | 2.15625 | 2 |
The lab will be operated by the company's Marine and Protective Coatings business, which is a supplier of fire protection coatings used to protect steel structures such as buildings and oil and gas installations. "This modern facility will help us to drive innovation and deliver cutting-edge performance coatings technology in line with what our customers demand, said Graeme Armstrong, the company's Executive Committee member responsible for RD&I. "We have installed furnaces on a scale which will test what conditions our coatings materials have to withstand, enabling us to supply our customers with technically sophisticated solutions that are proven and commercially viable. "We now have a global center of excellence for fire protection development which will significantly improve our ability to develop and bring new products to market. We plan to build on our impressive portfolio of supplying fire protection products for major structures and installations around the world, which also includes commercial buildings such as Melbourne Airport and the New York Times offices in Manhattan, added Bob Taylor, Managing Director of Marine and Protective Coatings. The new facility is the latest in a series of RD&I investments by AkzoNobel at the Felling site, which employs more than 950 people. Earlier this year, a EUR 2 million lab for powder coatings polymer research and a EUR 1.4 million corporate research laboratory were inaugurated at the location. | <urn:uuid:b950009e-b8c4-496c-9632-3c7585aaebc0> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.k-online.com/cgi-bin/md_k/lib/pub/tt.cgi/AkzoNobel_opens_new_fire_protection_R_D_facility.html?oid=38268&lang=2&ticket=g_u_e_s_t | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720972.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00252-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.959726 | 267 | 1.796875 | 2 |
Genome;Dominant trait;Phenotype;Chromosomes;Wild type;Trait;Gene;Genomics;Karyotype;Genotype;Proteomics;Recessive trait;A specific characteristic of an organism, which can be determined by genes or the environment or by interaction between them.;The trait expressed when one allele determines the phenotypes, masking the action of another allele.;Identifying the set of proteins in a cell, a field focusing on the proteins that specific cell types produce.;An allele that is associated with phenotypes which is either normal function or the most common expression in a particular environment.;The trait not expressed when another allele determines the phenotypes, masking its expression.;Rodlike structure condensed from chromatin and complexed protein in cells nucleus during mitosis, each parent provides 1 to each pair received by their offspring.;A chart of the chromosomes arrange in 23 size ordered pairs.;The basic physical unit of inheritance: part of a DNA molecule that encodes the information to synthesize protein.;The allele of particular gene in a individual.;The appearance or health condition of the individual that develops as result of the ways the genes are expressed.;The complete set of genetic instruction for an organism.;The study of all of the genetic information in an individual organism, looking at the human body in terms of multiples, interaction genes.
Paper#18338 | Written in 18-Jul-2015Price : $37 | <urn:uuid:664ee12f-60cc-47e7-b0d2-e8d220b6d97e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://studentsmerit.com/paper-detail/?paper_id=18338 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280718.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00402-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.884181 | 293 | 3.578125 | 4 |
Monday, December 10, 2012
Kristine S. Knaplund (Pepperdine University School of Law) has posted What's Blood Got To Do With It? Determining Parentage for ART Children Born Overseas on SSRN. Here is the absract:
States has long followed the English common law view that citizenship can be
attained at birth in two ways: by being born in the U.S. (jus soli), or by
being born abroad as the child of a U.S. citizen (jus sanguinis). The first,
jus soli, is now part of the 14th amendment to the U.S. Constitution: “All
persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the
jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and the state wherein
they reside.” Jus soli theoretically does not inquire into the citizenship of
the child’s parents; the relevant fact is that the birth takes place in the
United States. Jus sanguinis, in contrast, arises from the parent-child relationship.
The State Department translates jus sanguinis as “from the bloodline,” citing
it as the “traditional Roman law principle.” By “natural parent,” the State
Department means a blood relationship with a U.S. citizen: “It is not enough
that the child is presumed to be the issue of the parents’ marriage by the laws
of the jurisdiction where the child was born.”
A purely genetic connection to the child is sufficient to establish parentage in relatively few instances in American law. One is child support: even if the genetic father has had no contact with the child, and has done nothing to establish a relationship (or even been prevented from knowing about the child), the genetic connection may be enough if no other presumed father is on the scene. This article explores a second instance in which the genetic connection is paramount: when an American citizen gives birth abroad. A genetic test works well for children conceived coitally, but may wreak havoc for those conceived using assisted reproduction techniques (ART). Citizenship has recently been denied to the children of two American women who used anonymously donated gametes to conceive and give birth to a child: one in Israel, and one in Switzerland; in a third case, the U.S. Embassy refused to recognize the birth mother as the child’s mother because she had used donated eggs and given birth to the child in India.
Part I of this Article discusses the origins of jus sanguinis in Roman and English common law, including ancient and medieval views of conception and maternity in determining the child's bloodline. Not surprisingly, these views differ significantly from those held today. Taking into account this scientific background, Part II examines citizenship laws in early U.S. history, and assumptions of who were the parents of a child, both in wedlock and out of wedlock. While the definition of paternity has always taken note of biology as well as a man’s relationship to the birth mother, science began to play a more prominent role in the legal definition of parenthood once blood grouping and blood tests were available in the early 1900s. Part III then introduces the law of U.S. citizenship today, which in its main outlines is the same as first codified in 1952. The ability of DNA testing to positively identify the father in most cases, plus advances in ART that separate the two functions of the birth mother – genetics and gestation – have greatly complicated the definition of parentage for children, but the State Department has, in large part, continued to use the same parentage standard first detailed in 1952. Part IV examines and critiques three methods of identifying parentage: the State Department’s preferred method (genetics), the common law parturient test, and the recently developed intent test, to examine which method of determining parentage should be used for children born abroad. Part V concludes the article. | <urn:uuid:5d887918-4b1f-4b6d-af95-7710a0b77548> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://lawprofessors.typepad.com/reproductive_rights/2012/12/kristine-knaplund-on-determining-parentage-for-art-children-born-abroad.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280310.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00188-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.94865 | 834 | 1.945313 | 2 |
The workshop tow material trailer, also called heavy-duty trailer, transfer trailer or transport trailer, is an important equipment for modern logistic transportation. Usually One or more industrial trailers could be towed by one tractor, which will greatly improve the transportation efficiency and reduce the cost of forklift and labor.
Advantages of workshop tow material trailer:
– The industrial trailer will apply pressed-on solid rubber tire, which makes the trailer with low height but heavy load capacity.
– The quantity of wheels is from 8-16, and the service life of wheels will be over than 5 years, which is very safe, reliable and cost saving
– We will use heavy steel to build the structure of the trailer, which will have a service life at least 20 years
– Several industrial trailers could be towed together
– The height of towing hook is adjustable to adapt to different tractors, forklift. There are two springs on the towing device, which will protect the trailer and cargo when it is started or suddenly stopped.
The table size and load capacity are customized according to clients’ application.
Other optional functions for the industrial trailer:
– Pattern plate is available for the table
– Four sides of the industrial trailer could be installed guardrail or steel bars
– For load capacity below 3 tons, a parking brake is optional to prevent the trailer from moving | <urn:uuid:986624b9-3fd4-46a1-9332-e88651f8604f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.railvehicle.com/workshop-steel-tube-material-handling-tow-trailer.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00068.warc.gz | en | 0.9203 | 278 | 1.835938 | 2 |
A Norwegian vessel passing through the Bosporus in Istanbul Turkey in March. The mysterious ship the size of a large passenger ferry was a $250 million spy ship that will be equipped with sensors and other technology to snoop on Russia's activities in the Arctic beginning in 2016.
ASSOCIATED PRESS Enlarge
OSLO, Norway — In early March, a mysterious ship the size of a large passenger ferry left a Romanian wharf, glided through the narrow strait that separates Europe from Asia and plotted a course toward Scandinavia. After a two-year refitting, the $250 million ship will begin its mission: to snoop on Russia’s activities in the Arctic.
“There is a demand from our political leadership to describe what is going on in this region,” said Norway’s military intelligence chief, Lt. Gen. Kjell Grandhagen.
As climate change eats away at the sea ice covering the North Pole, Arctic nations — the U.S., Canada, the Nordic countries and Russia— are fishing for secrets in East-West spy games echoing Cold War rivalries. The military dimension remains important but this time there’s an economic aspect, too: getting a leg up in the competition for potential oil and gas resources, along with new shipping lanes and fishing waters.
Summer sea ice reached a record low in 2012 and scientific projections suggest it could disappear completely this century. New areas of open water already have allowed more shipping through the Northern Sea Route north of Russia. The melt is also opening a new energy frontier — the Arctic is believed to hold 13 percent of the world’s undiscovered oil and 30 percent of its untapped gas.
The most accessible resources lie within national boundaries and are undisputed. Security analysts say the risk of conflict lies further ahead, if and when the ice melts enough to uncover resources in areas where ownership is unclear. The U.S., Canada, Denmark, Norway and Russia are expected to have overlapping claims.
Critics say the U.S. lags in the race. A panel of retired generals recently found that despite a slew of planning documents, the Coast Guard has only one fully ready icebreaker and the U.S. Navy has few ice-hardened vessels that can operate in the Arctic, other than nuclear submarines.
“The geopolitical situation is ever more nuanced and complex. The risk of maritime events, or even unpredictable flashpoints, endemic to national security is growing,” retired Admiral Frank Bowman warned in the report.
Russian President Vladimir Putin stressed at a national security meeting his desire “to maintain Russia’s influence in the region and maybe, in some areas, to be ahead of our partners.”
In 2007 Russia resumed long-range strategic bomber flights over the Arctic and planted a Russian flag on the seabed beneath the North Pole. More recently, it asserted control over the Northern Sea Route with naval deployments and by reopening a military base on the New Siberian Islands. The first oil supplies were unloaded from an ice-resistant platform in Russia’s Pechora Sea, which Putin described as “our first step in developing the Arctic sea shelf.”
Even before the Ukraine crisis chilled cooperation between Russia and the West in the Arctic, the region’s Western nations were trading accusations of cyber-attacks and espionage with Russia and China:
—In Norway, security officials say the country’s Arctic plans and know-how, including cutting-edge technology for offshore drilling in harsh weather conditions, is attracting unwanted attention from foreign spies.
—In Canada, a naval officer received a 20-year prison sentence for spying for Russia.
—Police arrested a Toronto man in December for allegedly trying to supply China with sensitive information about Canada’s plans to build Arctic patrol ships, allegations China denies.
—In Denmark, a political science professor, Timo Kivimaki, served 2 ½ months under house arrest after a court found his contacts with Russia violated Danish espionage laws. In a rare interview, he told The Associated Press he was carrying a briefcase with public documents about Danish experts studying Arctic policy when he was arrested on his way to a meeting with a Russian diplomat.
—An NSA document dated April 17, 2013, and cited by a Norwegian newspaper in December, said the Norwegian Intelligence Service had helped the NSA with access to “Russian targets in the Kola Peninsula” — home to Russia’s Northern Fleet — as well as reports on Russian energy policy.
Grandhagen, the Norwegian intelligence chief, declined to comment on that report but said it’s no secret that Norway cooperates on intelligence matters with the U.S.
“You give something and you get something back in other areas. And we give information in areas where we have a good competence and good access,” Grandhagen said. Asked what that might be, he said: “I think our understanding of our neighborhood is an area where we are strong.”
Grandhagen said Russia is also modernizing its capabilities to collect intelligence, including in cyberspace.
“What I can say is we’re aware that Russia has a significant intelligence apparatus including various means to monitor activity on our side,” Grandhagen said.
Russia’s Foreign Ministry and the SVR foreign intelligence service didn’t answer AP requests for comment.
Guidelines: Please keep your comments smart and civil. Don't attack other readers personally, and keep your language decent. Comments that violate these standards, or our privacy statement or visitor's agreement, are subject to being removed and commenters are subject to being banned. To post comments, you must be a registered user on toledoblade.com. To find out more, please visit the FAQ. | <urn:uuid:01a78d22-2f6c-4a27-8e26-4b942f3e9c41> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.toledoblade.com/World/2014/06/11/Cold-War-style-spy-games-return-to-melting-Arctic.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280791.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00357-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.952498 | 1,192 | 2.453125 | 2 |
It's hot in our bedroom this midnight in June.
The air conditioner died but my wife sleeps on.
She spent the day weeding the garden.
I finally decide to open a window
and pray for a breeze.
No breeze but I hear roses and lilies
arguing about which is the prettier,
which of them deserves more space
in the garden to unfurl their beauty,
petal by petal, like Gypsy Rose Lee.
The peonies mock the roses and lilies,
claiming peonies are the prettiest of all.
The petunias along the borders yell
not to ignore them because they're not tall.
Suddenly there's a ruckus among the hibiscus.
They, too, claim they're the most beautiful.
They want more space, as do the hydrangeas.
The roses decide to offer a compromise.
Tomorrow they promise to count
which flower in the garden attracts
the most butterflies and honeybees.
The flower that attracts the most
will be named the most beautiful
and be given more space in the garden
and won't lose a bloom to bouquets.
The other flowers discuss in a whisper
the compromise offered by the roses.
They take a vote and agree to comply.
Finally, silence returns to the garden.
I tell my wife in the morning to hide out
in the yard with a clipboard to confirm
which flower attracts the most
butterflies and honeybees.
We can't trust the roses, I tell her.
They'll cheat on the final results.
I ask her to keep an eye on the sunflowers
since they didn't join the furor at midnight
over which flower's the most beautiful.
I tell her more butterflies and bees
will visit the sunflowers tomorrow
than any of the others because
sunflowers at noon leap in the air
and kiss every cloud in the sky. | <urn:uuid:2e5ea577-2060-48f1-933b-2d47b5b37545> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.dreamingbigpublications.com/blog/midnight-in-the-garden-of-envy-by-donal-mahoney | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00477.warc.gz | en | 0.928838 | 417 | 1.609375 | 2 |
Inside a basement gym Saturday morning, high schooler Lilyanna Sand was decorated in paint and rhinestones.
Laughing with friends, she was watching one of the four teenagers controlling robots they helped build, trying to beat their opponents in one challenge or another. Sand is a co-captain of one of four teams from prestigious Central High School. In that way, Sand is both exceptional, and representative. After decades of effort to boost science, tech and engineering talent, robotics programs remain an important early part of the journey.
“The students are the products, not the robots,” said Michael Johnson, a teacher at Central, which has one of Philadelphia’s most established robotics programs. Johnson meant no slight to his students, just an acknowledgment of how the students are the focus of the team, not the robots — despite the cheers these little machines can attract.
Robotics education on the rise
American employers urgently need engineering talent. Though much attention is paid to career changers and other existing professionals, many have long focused on increasing the number of students participating in early STEM programs. Across the country, robotics programs are growing, and they both serve as extracurricular activities for students and are increasingly seen as an on-ramp to careers in technology and engineering.
Those students, including Sand, were at Central as part of RoboJawn, a robotics tournament organized by the Philadelphia Robotics Coalition as part of the 12th annual Philly Tech Week presented by Comcast. The scene is increasingly familiar in Philadelphia and represents a significant trend.
Since it was founded in 1989, more than 2.5 million kids ages 4 to 18 from more than 100 countries have participated in programs associated with FIRST Robotics, one of the world’s largest and oldest such nonprofits, according to the org. The group says their students are almost twice as likely to end up in a STEM field. Locally, the Philadelphia Robotics Coalition has consolidated into the city’s preeminent organizer of various programs, clubs and efforts. Last year, the once all-volunteer effort hired its first executive director, Robin Walker, to spearhead future growth. Saturday is the continuation of that work.
The 19 teams in the Central basement gym were there for the title of Philadelphia Robotics Champion, but also represent a much larger picture.
STEM education for better representation
The tech industry has two related challenges: too few skilled professionals generally, and lagging progress in expanding those ranks with women and Black and brown technologists. Youth engagement in STEM skills is considered a necessary part of long term change, per PRC’s Walker. Women make up just a quarter of computer science-related jobs, and Black workers are just 9% of STEM roles, according to Pew Research.
The Central team co-captained by Sand, who lives in West Philadelphia, is part of that trend.
“Our team is mostly girls and our sister teams aren’t,” she said. “We’ve had to experience some of those effects. But we’ve been able to work together to learn how to confront those issues.”
In Philadelphia, the Coalition’s mission is to “build an ecosystem that supports the next generation of STEM and community leaders,” all while giving the teams the same amount of grant money to work from. As Walker put it, they allow schools with less funding or members to participate on a “level playing field” — while introducing young girls and people of color to the hands-on experience STEM has to offer.
Sand, who lives in West Philadelphia, is a co-captain of a mostly girls team as a freshman at Central. She’s interested in rocket engineering and possibly physics and knows her experience throughout this year is preparing her for the difficulties of the field. She wants to be an astronaut.
“It’s been really helpful as a woman in STEM to be able to work with a whole team of other girls,” Sand said. “Just learning how to do it.” | <urn:uuid:0d2dbe95-b68d-4016-8a6b-e8b19152a408> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://technical.ly/diversity-equity-inclusion/robojawn-high-school-robotics/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573760.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819191655-20220819221655-00675.warc.gz | en | 0.97045 | 838 | 2.40625 | 2 |
Ph is good and, cya at 39, chlorine level at 15. How do i get rid of pool algae?
The main cause of the green algae is a.
How to remove green algae stains from pool walls. If the infestation is low, the circulation pump should run continuously for 24 to 48 hours. We have developed a treatment solution, along with our high strength proprietary compounds, that dissolves stains, leaving your pool surface clean once again. A good regular brushing is the.
Apply a green algaecide according to the directions on the label. To continue removing algae on pool walls, turn on your pump if it’s off and adjust your system until you’re in the ideal range for ph, chlorine, stabilizer and alkalinity. These unsightly and unwanted algae stains can be removed by following these simple steps.
Violently shock the pool to remove floating algae. Those that grow on the side of the pool can be brushed off and the water filter run to eliminate it from the pool. Above all, the good news is that if the pool water is maintained correctly afterwards, then the staining will be permanently.
Sanitise your pool with a heavy treatment of chlorine, either granular or liquid. The fastest way to get rid of these stains is to apply chlorine straight onto the discoloration. Similar to waterline stains, mineral stains are the scaly chalk white deposits that tend to form right above your water line.
Green algae can be easily gotten rid of using chlorine, algaecides and the right water flow process. Green algae is the most common cause of algae stains in swimming pools. Originally recorded may 20, 2014.if you have green spots on your pool walls due to algae, and hate brushing them because it doesn't work so well, follow this.
Let the water circulate for 24 hours, then brush the pool surfaces again. Use a brush or pool stain eraser for hard stains. 6 essential steps for removing pool algae
Fixed the filter and replaced cartridges. Get a stiff bristle brush, scrub the pool walls and floor daily, and then vacuum the pool. Green pool algae can float at the bottom of the pool or stick to the walls in green patches.
For green water, apply flocculants to give a shock. Green algae is the most common cause of algae stains in swimming pools. How to remove green algae stains from pool walls.
Don’t drain your pool to remove black spot algae because it will simply come back again. Mustard algae and most yellow/brown algae will like the bottom of the pool. Remember, you don’t need to drain, water blast or acid wash your pool to remove this staining.
Above all, the good news is that if the pool water is maintained correctly afterwards, then the staining will be. Algae stains are a common problem with plaster pools. 40% of the cya level for green algae) to kill effectively and you have to kill it on all surfaces that come in contact with.
This includes the walls, the algae on the bottom of the pool, and the stairs. We have developed a treatment solution, along with our high strength proprietary compounds, that dissolves these stains, leaving your pool surface clean once again. First of all, you need to scrub the pool.
Green (may appear dark blue), yellow (mustard), and black. How do you remove algae stains from pool plaster. Draining the pool is not effective because the algae also live in the pipework, solar heaters, filter and pump.
Accurate swimming pool water test kit; Add an enzyme treatment to your pool; To remove pool waterline stains:
Vacuum or backwash to remove any remaining dead algae. With the right water ph, green algae can be prevented and even killed off. This stuff permanently stains everything it gets on.
Mustard/yellow algae takes a higher chlorine level of 60% of the cya level (vs. Keep reading to find out how green and black algae grows on a variety of outdoor surfaces and how to get rid of algae with wet & forget. If so, then it might be black algae instead.
Remember, you don’t need to drain, water blast or acid wash your pool to remove this staining. I had drifts of brownish green debris, that was going around broken filter. Then fish off the algae with a landing net and pump the water through the filter system and backwash the filter.
What you'll need to remove pool algae. Any basic sanitizer for swimming pools will help you to get rid of it. How to remove green algae stains from pool walls.
Spray some green stain remover on the surface to accelerate the breakdown. Get rid of pool algae by shocking your pool water there are usually 4 basic steps involved in shocking a swimming pool: You should give it enough shock that your pool water is blue/gray.
Brush the waterline stains with sprinkles of granular chlorine; Green algae float on top of the pool and can cling to the sides. Filter broke and got some algae.
Remove the visible algae from pool surface, to do this scrub the affected areas with an abrasive brush or use muriatic acid diluted in water (1/2 cup of muriatic acid per 1 gallon of. Liquid chlorine shock(recommended) algaecide(for weekly maintenance) vacuuming machine; Every pool owner usually encounters this type of algae at least once.
Don’t worry too much about this algae, as it can be removed easily. Black and green algae stains can cover your home’s exterior surfaces, leaving a slippery mess. Black spot algae in pool.
Green (may appear dark blue), yellow (mustard), and black. Use a pool brush to vigorously scrub any pool surfaces covered in algae, including the walls, floors, and steps. Plus, black algae can cause unsightly dark stains across your home’s roof.
This stuff permanently stains everything it gets on. | <urn:uuid:b5c5d29e-f151-4217-9a1e-7cc668e13ab4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://recent-posts-slider.com/how-to-remove-green-algae-stains-from-pool-walls | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571869.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813021048-20220813051048-00070.warc.gz | en | 0.926498 | 1,243 | 1.632813 | 2 |
Car la sakproblemo, donita en antaua pago,
perpleksigis kelkajn miajn legantojn, eble estas
dezirinde klarigi ke gi estas korekte ellaborita,
rilate al la
de Ruga kaj
Blanka eble ne estas tute precize observata, kaj
la “arokigo” de la tri Reginoj nur signifas ke
ili eniris la palacon: sed la “sak!” al la Blanka
Rego je movigo 6, la kaptigo de la Ruga
Kavaliro je movigo 7, kaj la fina “mato” de la
Ruga Rego, trovigos, se oni provos repr...
This excellent book contains many great stories from the various mythologies of man throughout the ages.
E. Phillips Oppenheim, an English novelist created well in excess of 100 novels and 30 plus collections of short stories. Most of his tales are thrillers and espionage. The Great Impersonation was written following World War I and is considered by many to be perhaps his best novel. The story focuses on German espionage in England prior to the start of World War I. The tale centers on two characters that are almost identical in appearance. Indeed, while both attend the sa...
Fiction, Spy stories
A lone space traveler arrives on Earth seeking a new planet to colonize, his own world dead. At the same time a mysterious plague has infected Earth that will wipe out all life. Can a lone scientist stop the plague and save the world? Or will the alien find himself on another doomed planet? (Summary by Mark Nelson)
Science fiction, Fiction
This is not your father’s time travel. There’s no machine, no dial. There’s no telling where or when you’ll go. The only thing that can change is you. It will make you what it needs to make you. And if you come back, it won’t be the same you. You’re messing with the nature of things, and the nature of things does not like to be messed with. Welcome to a riddle of change and addiction.
Richard Horatio Edgar Wallace (April 1, 1875–February 10, 1932) was a prolific British crime writer, journalist and playwright, who wrote 175 novels, 24 plays, and countless articles in newspapers and journals. Over 160 films have been made of his novels, more than any other author. In the 1920s, one of Wallace's publishers claimed that a quarter of all books read in England were written by him. He is most famous today as the co-creator of King Kong, wri...
Framley Parsonage is the fourth novel in Anthony Trollope's series known as the Chronicles of Barsetshire, first published in serial form in the Cornhill Magazine in 1860. (Summary by Wikipedia Of all novelists in any country, Trollope best understands the role of money. Compared with him even Balzac is a romantic. — W. H. Auden
The Ball and the Cross is G. K. Chesterton's third novel. In the introduction Martin Gardner notes that it is a mixture of fantasy, farce and theology. Gardner continues: Evan MacIan is a tall, dark-haired, blue-eyed Scottish Highlander and a devout Roman Catholic.... James Turnbull is a short, red-haired, gray-eyed Scottish Lowlander and a devout but naive atheist.... The two meet when MacIan smashes the window of the street office where Turnbull publishes an atheist jo...
Fiction, Fantasy, Religion
Vertaling van 'Reprinted Pieces' uit 1861. Een verzameling van journalistieke artikelen geschreven door de journalist Charles Dickens. In sommige artikelen, zoals bijvoorbeeld 'De geschiedenis van een armen man die een octrooi verlangde' zien we onderwerpen besproken die later ook in romans (in dit geval Kleine Dorrit) terugkomen. (Introductie door Marcel Coenders)
The Camp Fire Girls books is a series of fiction novels written for children by various authors from 1912 into the 1930s. (Wikipedia)
Contes de Provence, d'Algérie et de Corse. (par Naf)
Le tome 5 des Misérables , dédié à Jean Valjean, clôt ce roman historique, social et philosophique dans lequel on retrouve les idéaux du romantisme et ceux de Victor Hugo concernant la nature humaine. (résumé par Nadine)
Ralph Rover is a traveler at heart, and has always dreamed of shipping out to the South Seas islands. He finally convinces his aging parents to let him go and find his way in the world. But the islands that Ralph finds are not as idyllic as in his dreams. Shipwrecked on a large, uninhabited island, Ralph and his fellow survivors, Jim and Peterkin, discover a world of hostile natives and villainous pirates. Danger, high adventure, and wonders of the sea greet them at ever...
Fiction, Teen/Young adult, Adventure
The story is set in 13th century England and concerns the fictitious outlaw Norman of Torn, who purportedly harried the country during the power struggle between King Henry III and Simon de Montfort. Norman is the supposed son of the Frenchman de Vac, once the king's fencing master, who has a grudge against his former employer and raises the boy to be a simple, brutal killing machine with a hatred of all things English. His intentions are partially subverted by a priest ...
Adventure, Fiction, Historical Fiction
A poor boy discovers the value of honesty and industry. More than that, he discovers the value of his relationship with God (Introduction by Robert Harder)
The Picture of Dorian Gray is the only published novel by Oscar Wilde, appearing as the lead story in Lippincott's Monthly Magazine on 20 June 1890, printed as the July 1890 issue of this magazine. Wilde later revised this edition, making several alterations, and adding new chapters; the amended version was published by Ward, Lock, and Company in April 1891. The novel tells of a young man named Dorian Gray, the subject of a painting by artist Basil Hallward. Basil is imp...
With seven children and a home to take care of, Margaret wondered how her Mother could be so happy living a life that seemed all drudgery. As Margaret has new experiences, she comes to realize that her mother was not only the truest, the finest, the most generous woman she had ever known, but the happiest as well. (Summary by Megan Kunkel)
Another full-length mystery story featuring Hamilton Cleek, whom we met first in /cleek-the-man-of-the-forty-faces-by-thomas-w-hanshew/ Cleek: The Man of the Forty Faces . This time, Cleek investigates the sinister disappearance of people and the mysterious appearance of flames at night in the desolate Fens, and his friend Superintendent Narkom of Scotland Yard tries to solve some tricky cases of bank robberies in London. While not quite up to the standard we have come t...
She had not been brought up in America at all. She had been born in France, in a beautiful château, and she had been born heiress to a great fortune, but, nevertheless, just now she felt as if she was very poor, indeed. And yet her home was in one of the most splendid houses in New York. She had a lovely suite of apartments of her own, though she was only eleven years old. She had had her own carriage and a saddle horse, a train of masters, and governesses, and servants,...
Children, Fiction, Teen/Young adult
This book presents a number of short, comedic sketches of a country life in middle America in the late 1800s. The hilarious twists and turns endear our adorable, naive married couple to the reader; and the orphan servant Pomona - dear, odd, funny Pomona! - is the focus of several of the stories. Imagine a honeymoon in a lunatic asylum, and you’ve got Rudder Grange! | <urn:uuid:66e97e15-ed03-4387-8ece-a9bbc102a0a3> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://gutenberg.us/AlsoRead.aspx?BookId=4451165 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00050-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.906688 | 1,781 | 1.601563 | 2 |
Criminal Law, Empirics, and Burglary
The next piece of empirical data that I think is worth considering the context of criminal law comes from an excellent book, Burglars on the Job (h/t Marginal Revolution), by Richard T. Wright and Scott Decker. The book is almost 15 years old, but anyone who teaches burglary as part of the basic criminal law course should read it. Wright and Decker interviewed 105 self-reported burglars and what drew my eye to the book is the methodology. Rather than interviewing incarcerated burglars, they set out to find active burglars in the community. They drew on a network of people who they believed were likely to know criminals. Interviewees would introduce them to burglars who in turn would introduce them to other burglars. This approach introduces a selection effect, of course, but avoids the obvious selection bias arising from only interviewing burglars in prison.
The book has a number of nice facts to add to the basic criminal law course. First, one of the points I try to emphasize when teaching criminal law is that you need the right paradigm for each crime. You want to make sure you are thinking about average cases rather than exceptional cases. For instance, you can’t think effectively about the crime of murder if you believe that women are more likely to be murdered by a serial killer than their husband or boyfriend. So who is the average burglar? Some of the facts they report are (or should be) widely known, but are important to reemphasize. For instance, drug addiction plays a heavy role in motivating residential burglaries and many of the burglars claimed that supporting a drug habit is the sole motivation for the burglary. Additionally, burglaries were highly concentrated – the interviewees were not committing episodic crimes. Many reported multiple break-ins per month. Burglars generally avoided breaking into occupied residences, in part out of a fear of apprehension, but interviewees were often more concerned about victim resistance. Burglars generally knew their victims, at least as acquaintances. Strangers were infrequent targets.
There is also an interesting fact for the law of attempt here. Wright and Decker report that offenders frequently would stake out a target home on several occasions prior to the burglary in order to learn the behavior pattern of the occupants. However, they often lacked a specific plan to break into the house on a particular date and time. Instead, this preparatory work was designed to allow a break-in on short notice whenever the burglar was short on money, which might be a week or a month later. Is this type of preparation an attempted burglary under the Model Penal Code? For those of you who are not just out of the first year criminal law course, the MPC attempt statute requires that the defendant engage in conduct constituting a “substantial step in a course of conduct planned to culminate in the commission of a crime” and the conduct must strongly corroborate the defendant’s criminal purpose. This serves as a nice hypothetical to work with students on the attempt statute. Performing surveillance on the place where the crime will be committed can be enough to meet the substantial step standard, but if the defendant only has a vague and indefinite plan to commit the crime at some point in the future, the defendant may not have crossed the line to committing attempted burglary. (I think this conduct should be enough for an attempt prosecution, but that’s not the point, of course.) I like this example because unlike many hypotheticals for incomplete act attempts, it does not seem forced or unrealistic. | <urn:uuid:27e90afe-a70b-455f-ada3-340084b915af> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://concurringopinions.com/archives/2008/07/criminal_law_em.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721555.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00180-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.966595 | 727 | 2.1875 | 2 |
Pilatus Introduces PC-24 TwinJet
Pilatus, best known for its PC-12 turboprop, on Tuesday released details of the PC-24, which will be the company's first jet. At the European Business Aviation Conference and Exhibition in Geneva, Switzerland, board chairman Oscar Schwenk said the "super-versatile" jet will be able to use very short runways, paved or unpaved, and a cargo door will be standard. The cabin can be fitted with up to 10 seats, or six to eight in executive configuration. Range is up to 2,243 miles with four passengers, and maximum speed is 425 knots. The PC-24 is powered by two Williams FJ44-4A turbine engines. The jet project was launched last summer and work on the prototype "is in full swing" in Switzerland, the company said. First deliveries are expected in 2017, at a price of about $9 million.
"Over ten years ago, we started asking our PC-12 customers what they would like to see in the next Pilatus aircraft," said Schwenk. "The answers were always the same: Further and faster -- whilst retaining the much appreciated strengths of the PC-12, such as the ability to use very short runways. It was a huge challenge for our development team!" The company has designed its own "Advanced Cockpit Environment" system, which aims to reduce workloads, and it will be single-pilot certified. The passenger cabin, at 23 feet long, is somewhat larger than the PC-12's, which is about 17 feet. The jet rollout is scheduled for the third quarter of 2014 and first flight is expected soon after. The program is financed "entirely from company funds," according to Tuesday's news release. | <urn:uuid:a953082d-f3f5-4848-a12d-61126a42c14d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.avweb.com/avwebflash/news/PilatusIntroducesPC24TwinJet_208727-1.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280929.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00431-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.972365 | 365 | 1.601563 | 2 |
1 Answer | Add Yours
I imagine most of Maycomb's black community probably figured that Tom was innocent and that the charges were a sham, but there are no quotes from the story to suggest that. I'm sure they already understand the due process of the Alabama courts when it comes to a black man's word versus that of a white man, and few of them probably expected Tom to walk away a free man. Nor would any of them have dared to make any public statements that might have antagonized the white community. We do know that Reverend Sykes took up a collection in church to help Tom's wife, and he refused to end the service until $10 had been collected from his virtually penniless congregation.
At the trial, Scout describes how "The Negroes behind us whispered softly among themselves," but when Dill asked Reverend Sykes what they were saying, the preacher told him he didn't know. After Bob Ewell described how he caught Tom " 'ruttin' on my Mayella,' " there was "an angry muffled groan from the colored people." As the jury debated the final verdict, Reverend Sykes gave his opinion of Judge Taylor:
"Oh, he did right well. I ain't complainin' one bit--he was mighty fair-minded... I thought he was leanin' a little to our side."
But his later words were more telling.
"I ain't ever seen any jury decide in favor of a colored man over a white man..."
Although no other opinions of the trial are expressed by any of Maycomb's black citizens, they showed their respect to Atticus by standing in unison when he left the courtroom. The next day, Atticus's kitchen is filled with gifts of food from Tom's grateful friends.
We’ve answered 319,183 questions. We can answer yours, too.Ask a question | <urn:uuid:b3e0db17-2135-4f4c-9364-a7b7eb58c9a0> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/black-communitys-view-tom-robinsons-trial-251864 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280065.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00549-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.988177 | 383 | 1.898438 | 2 |
Speech research using ultrasound
Speech & Hearing Sciences Major (College of Arts & Sciences)
Malgorzata Cavar (College of Arts & Sciences)
We use 3D/4D ultrasound technology to investigate the articulation of speech sounds in languages such as Polish, Russian, Ukrainian, Bosnian-Croatian-Serbian, Chinese and Arabic. We want to find out what vocal tract and tongue shape is necessary to articulate palatalized consonants (those sounds that sound relatively softer, as in English "k" in 'keep' - as opposed to the sound "k" in 'cold'). If you decide to work with me you will learn about ultrasound as an imaging method. You will work with audio and ultrasound files using primarily Matlab and Praat and will help to extract and analyze large amounts of data, produce figures and graphs, and potentially contribute to recruiting speakers and recording speech samples.
Technology or Computational Component
Students will learn to work with Matlab and a Matlab application WASL to analyze ultrasound data and with Praat to analyze audio files. They will convert file formats, generate figures, annotate and clean data. | <urn:uuid:07f63d4d-442e-460f-938f-897abf4e50c4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://womenandtech.indiana.edu/programs/reuw/projects/2021-2022/24 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572304.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816120802-20220816150802-00466.warc.gz | en | 0.901002 | 260 | 1.929688 | 2 |
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The insightful writer communicates how she carefully turned around the signs of HPV and also absolutely recovered her own body of the HPV virus problem by strengthening the resistance. | <urn:uuid:14c7035b-a8ce-4023-8969-31c0b76d63bc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://caidenxwew631.fotosdefrases.com/why-the-biggest-myths-about-quick-and-easy-family-meal-ideas-may-actually-be-right | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00476.warc.gz | en | 0.941598 | 2,909 | 1.929688 | 2 |
Firefighters who responded to the 9/11 attacks at the World Trade Center are more likely to have cancer than their colleagues who were not exposed, a new study suggests.
Thursday's issue of the medical journal The Lancet is devoted to the 10th anniversary of the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks on the U.S.
Firefighters who worked at Ground Zero were up to 19 per cent more likely to have cancer than other firefighters, Dr. David Prezant, chief medical officer of New York City's fire department and his co-authors found in the study of nearly 10,000 male firefighters.
"Nineteen per cent more likely, and that represents an astonishing concept only seven years after 9/11," Prezant said in an interview.
For the study, Prezant and his team compared cancer incidence rates among firefighters exposed at the World Trade Center (WTC) with cancer incidence in non-exposed firefighters and reference rates from the U.S. National Cancer Institute. Factors such as age and race were taken into account.
During the study, the researchers found 263 cases of cancer occurred compared with 238 expected from the general population. Among firefighters who did not work at the site, 135 cancers were diagnosed compared with 161 expected from the general population.
Firefighter John McNamara, 41, was one of about 12,500 first responders who went to the WTC.
"In 2006, when I was actually four months pregnant with my son, [John] was diagnosed with stage four colon cancer," recalled Jennifer McNamara of Long Island, N.Y.
McNamara's cancer spread to his stomach and liver. He died 3½ years later.
"It was such an incredibly aggressive cancer, and if you have no genetic predisposition, it is clearly going to have to be environmental," his widow said. "And what is the big environmental disaster lurking in our background, it's 9/11. He had no doubt and I have no doubt that's what it was."
Respiratory illnesses have been recognized as being the result of exposures after the attack but cancer has not.
"If you were to ask me in my gut do I think there is going to be a link over time, I think there will be an association between World Trade Center exposures," said Dr. Jacqueline Moline, chair of population health at North Shore University Hospital in New York, who has investigated cases of multiple myeloma in first responders. "That's not proven yet."
Proving any cancer link will take time because cancers generally take many years to develop, Moline said.
Cancer and debris
Only some of the first responders who went to WTC had respirators. During the first days, no one measured or tracked what was in the dust they breathed, which included chemicals that are known to cause cancer.
"An association between WTC exposure and cancer is biologically plausible, because some contaminants in the WTC dust, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, and dioxins, are known carcinogens," Prezant and his co-authors wrote.
They said the findings support continued monitoring of firefighters and others exposed on 9/11 to fully assess cancer risk.
Besides causing cancer directly, working at the World Trade Center could also trigger chronic inflammation, through microbial infections, autoimmune diseases, or other inflammatory disorders, all of which are thought to contribute to causing cancer, the investigators said.
It is biologically plausible that the exposure would cause cancer over time, Moline said.
"The findings from the accompanying study show an increased overall cancer risk in these WTC-exposed firefighters, and significantly raised cancer risk at a few specific sites (i.e. melanoma, thyroid, prostate, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma) compared with the general population," James Melius of the NYS Laborers' Health Fund in Albany, N.Y., said in a journal commentary accompanying the latest research.
Waiting until definitive cancer studies are done would pose a hardship for workers who risked their health by responding, said Melius, who works for a joint labour-management fund that represents many of the workers at the WTC site.
Prezant's study was funded by the U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. | <urn:uuid:a484bce5-e9de-4016-b994-22ca2ea5bd40> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2011/09/01/911-firefighters-cancer-risk_n_945903.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279189.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00054-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.980034 | 882 | 2.6875 | 3 |
Gosh, where do I begin? To be honest, today’s blog post of this book review almost didn’t go live. Why? I have SO much to say about the topic within the pages of this book that I was afraid this blog post would be a novel in itself!
Well, get ready anyway because this is going to be a long post and for two reasons: 1) I love Lewis Howes and am a huge fan of what he’s doing and 2) the topic he talks about personally hits home. Hard.
If you’re new here, I talk about Lewis a lot. I have many things to say regarding this book and this topic so you’ll see why I talk about him and the work he’s doing so much. Let’s get started!
A few months ago, I was talking to my best friend (hey, Rachie!) about what was bothering me: how men are not able to express their emotions. I told her how it bothered me that men can’t talk about what they’re really feeling because it makes them “less than a man” in society’s eyes. Truthfully, this has bothered me for so long.
Apparently, Lewis had been reading my mind for awhile because it wasn’t long after my conversation with Rachel when I heard that he was launching his new book soon. When I found out the title of his book, I totally broke my rule for 2017: not to buy any new personal development books until I finish the ones I own.
In Lewis’s latest book, The Mask of Masculinity: How Men Can Embrace Vulnerability, Create Strong Relationships, and Live Their Fullest Lives, he talks about the seven masks men wear:
- The Stoic Mask – Meaning that men should never show emotion
- The Athletic Mask – Meaning that men must be physically superior to others
- The Aggressive Mask – Meaning that men show aggression whenever they are angry
- The Sexual Mask – Dictates that men must be “successful” with the opposite sex
- The Joker Mask – Meaning that men use humor to deflect and dodge real issues
- The Know-it-all Mask – Meaning that men be intellectually superior to their peers
- The Invincible Mask – Meaning that men
canshow no signs of emotional or physical pain
- The Material Mask – Meaning that men pursue material wealth and possessions
- The Alpha Mask – Demands that men portray an image of dominance over their peers
Here’s my short review: Lewis gets vulnerable and deep about masculinity and uses examples not only for us to relate to, but so we can feel what he’s saying about this topic (while including his personal experiences). He drops many truths, gives calls-to-action and then some! I couldn’t help, but get emotional reading this book (Lewis’s voice on Audible intensified my emotions even more so!).
My long review is lengthy because it’s more personal. As I read this book, it was natural to think of my own friends in my life. The leader in me also wanted to figure out a possible problem and the solution to this problem too.
Here’s what I’ve learned as I wove my personal experiences with the points of this book.
The problem people struggle with at some point in their life is identity. As I get older, I see it more and more with the men I meet and have in my life. It’s exactly like how you’re about to buy a certain car and all of the sudden, you see it everywhere. Yeah, like that.
Personally, I related to The Stoic Mask, The Athletic Mask, The Aggressive Mask, The Joker Mask, The Invincible Mask, Material Mask and The Alpha Mask the most.
Here are real examples I’ve seen in my life:
The Athletic Mask – In high school, I remember one specific football game. We were playing our town rivals. The vast majority of our guys on the team were injured and yet they played through their injuries. For me, I’m not sure if they played through injuries to show their masculinity or if it was about winning at all costs. Maybe it was a little of both.
I’ve also seen the effects this mask has once it comes off of professional football players. A great example is Brett Favre. Once he took off his athletic mask, he didn’t know who he was without it, hence the multiple comebacks before finally retiring. Several of my guy friends who played football at various levels in their life often talked referred to their past when talking to someone. Sometimes it made me think that talking about their athletic abilities made them feel better in a sense.
The Aggressive Mask – When I was little, I witnessed a lot of aggression with my daddy. If he didn’t have a “comeback” to what my mom said (and she hardly ever screamed), he’d break stuff. I thought it was so weird because the level of his anger didn’t match the level of my mom’s voice when they argued. Instead of having a conversation with her, he went into the kitchen and broke a lot of dishes instead.
The Joker Mask – The interesting thing with this particular mask is that one of my girlfriends wears this mask. She’s good at making people laugh and tends to derail conversations before it gets too deep with a joke.
And over time, I’ve noticed that her method has turned from protecting herself to isolating herself.
Material Mask – During college, one of my guy friends told me that he was going to pull back the reins on dating. Another friend asked him why because she didn’t understand why he was doing what he was doing. And because I think like a guy, I flat out asked him, “It’s because you want to be able to be ‘successful’ and take care of yourself before you take care of the girl, right?” He responded with, “Exactly! How did you know?”
I knew because to him, being manly was being able to take care of himself. And if he could take care of himself by being able to afford nice things, he could take care of the girl in his life.
The Alpha Mask – I’ve experienced this at my job for the last five years. If other people that work in our office were traveling, this person was nice and normal. If people were in the office, he made it certain to show who’s boss.
The Stoic Mask and The Invincible Mask – I left these two last as it’s the most personal to me. To me, these two goes hand in hand. I’ve experienced this throughout my life, but more so within the last decade of my life. One of my guy friends shared with me what he had been struggling with for 20-something years of his life. He also revealed that he kept it a secret from his family, me and our other mutual friends.
As time I went on, I learned that his dad didn’t allow his kids to show their emotions, otherwise, he’d “give them something to cry about.” The struggle my friend is battling with even messed up our friendship at one point too.
I had the toughest time forgiving him for hurting me and “ruining” our friendship. However, after some time and a lot of prayer, I forgave him. And that’s when I realized that he didn’t know how to express his feelings because he was never allowed to in his home when he was growing up. Feeling/being hurt wasn’t a manly thing to do.
The most heartbreaking thing I’ve seen in regards to emotions, feelings, identity and self-worth is my friend not being able to express his emotions. It’s heartbreaking to see how he holds back sooo much for fear that others might judge him. He never felt that he had safe place where he can express his feelings without being judged so he made up stories in his mind that weren’t real. Examples would be, “So-and-so is too busy to talk to me.” Or “I must’ve done something wrong because so-and-so hasn’t called me in weeks.” or “I’m afraid ___ won’t love me anymore.”
In the end, a lot of his relationships were broken because of these two masks he unknowingly had on. His self-worth was tied to those emotions. He couldn’t express anything because his dad suppressed this kind of “behavior.” So what happened? He used pornography as an avenue to channel his feelings.
SOLUTION: Starting and having conversations WITHOUT judgement.
Lewis does just that with his new book, The Mask of Masculinity: How Men Can Embrace Vulnerability, Create Strong Relationships, and Live Their Fullest Lives and then some.
He talked about how opening up about his rape experiences began the healing process he needed. Lewis also talked about how his vulnerability changed his life and business for the better.
I admit, having these conversations is hard…on both ends. The person dealing with this may not be ready for fear of judgement. And the person who’s the support system is probably just as scared because they don’t know what’s underneath the mask. However, the way to start the healing process is talking about it.
Lewis is right. The journey to remove the mask/masks is a long one. But, it’s something we need to do if we want to help more people in our lives. And it all begins with the simple step of having a conversation. However, just know that you can’t have the conversation if you don’t create a safe environment for the other party.
Lewis just doesn’t “talk” in this book, he relates to his readers by explaining what happens when you’re open, vulnerable and honest. On top of that, he gives the reader calls-to-action with step-by-step plans. Depending on which side of the line you’re on, you can begin by asking some of these questions:
What’s your vision?
What’s your commitment in life??
What do you want from your family/friendship relationships?
What have you been neglecting?
Are you dealing with a huge void? Are you avoiding something?
It’s important to give the guys in your life permission to feel so they can understand that they are worthy and have a sense of belonging and a sense of self-worth.
And the best thing a woman can do to help the men around her is to lead by example and be open herself. Of course it’s hard to be vulnerable, but I’ve found that it gets easier the more you open up. I know for me, I’ve come to a point in my life where I’m an open book. When I’m upset, sad, angry or happy, you know it. And you know what? It FEELS great and very freeing.
My own goal is to create a safe place for the men in my life and ask them more questions from a place of understanding.
By beginning dialogue on this very topic, questions such as the ones above give the guys in our lives the opportunity to be open as we seek to understand.
Reading Mask of Masculinity is just the beginning of a much-needed movement, a change this world needs. It’s the beginning of a long, overdue conversation we need to have with one another. And if we can just take our own masks off for a few moments to talk about it, that would make a difference in itself.
Healthy relationships with your identity, connections/relationships, self-worth, goals, inner peace, worthiness, groundedness, true partnership and healing are the major results of these kinds of conversations.
And Lewis is right: Sometimes the hardest thing is to forgive yourself. Click To Tweet
So, what happens when you drop your mask or help someone remove their mask?
You’ll find people who care about you most on the other side of your mask. No judgment, just love. You’ll also find that you’re practicing love and patience. You’ll learn that there are so many hurt people. And you’ll learn that you most likely have something in common with that person. In turn, with what you learn, you’ll spread more love into this world.
All in all, this was such a greattt book. Aside from my love for fashion and beauty, leadership is a major passion of mine. However, to me, leadership encompasses identity, communication and knowing how to build strong relationships with others. As you can imagine, I was very excited to get my hands on this book!
Lewis stresses that even though his book is geared towards guys, women need to read this to better understand and communicate with their men better. I wholeheartedly agree! After reading this book, I decided to write this blog post to start a conversation this world needs. Lewis really inspired me to talk about this topic even more. I also feel more confident because I felt like my communication skills got better.
Even if no one comments on this post, I know someone out there will be reading it. So in my eyes, I know I’m helping someone to lift up their mask even if they’re not ready to take it off completely. And it feels so good to have an awesome tool to help others and strengthen the relationships in my own life.
Have you read Mask of Masculinity yet and if so, what are your thoughts?
Truth: I nabbed this book as gifts for those in my life because I felt that it was that important to talk about this subject. I want to make waves, cause a ripple affect of this message and have everyone begin to talk about it…kind of like Finding Nemo style where he finds out through the grapevine that his dad is coming to rescue him.
Actually, I just gifted two copies last night and am beaming today!!! Why? Because after one of my guys opened his book and thanked me, he told me, “Watch, you’ll see what I learn from this book come out in my classes!”
Oh, you don’t even know, haha! | <urn:uuid:ea7cc94b-19e5-43a3-a860-113c34089305> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.shesweatsdiamonds.com/book-review-mask-of-masculinity/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00668.warc.gz | en | 0.977072 | 3,077 | 1.632813 | 2 |
This week, we talked about essential oils for psoriasis and myrrh essential oil plays an enormous part in healing the skin. In my opinion, myrrh may be one of the most underappreciated essential oils there is. Everyone raves over frankincense, and rightly so, but I hardly ever hear anyone speak about myrrh. That must be a relatively new thing, because the ancients clearly loved it. It appears in the Bible more times than any other plant.
The Bitter Taste of Myrrh
The phrase “The bitter taste of myrrh” comes about because the resin oozes from the bark of the tree, then hardens over time. For those lucky enough to have it close by, as it hardens it becomes chewy, and is used in traditional African medicine as a chewing gum to freshen breath and prevent tooth infections and decay.
Myrrh has a delicious balsamic sweetness to it. A grounding base note that seems arcane. So thick, the tree makes it to repair the gash that has been made and to protect it against insect attack. This informs the greatest attribute of myrrh, how it repairs, protects, seals and guards against infection (Orchard, 2018)
Myrrh Essential Oil For Skin Healing
It is not just a skin healer, it is a skin knitter, tying together pieces of flesh that have undergone terrible injury.
Myrrh was probably the first oil that really impressed me.
As a child, before I discovered Mars Bars and boys, I was a talented ballet dancer. I loved it and really didn’t notice how damaged my body got. My poor old toes from my pointe shoes. If you don’t know, blocks were made of hard cardboard back in the day, and of course, there is an edge where the cardboard stopped. This rubbed awfully, and my toes would bleed continually from these blisters. On one occasion, the dye ran out of my navy blue suede school shoes into the blister and poisoned my foot. The injuries were sincerely bad news.
Then mom made a marigold and myrrh cream.
She sold it in small pots as hand cream, but there was always an enormous Kenwood Chef mixer bowl full in our bathroom, replete with a wooden spoon. This was my cauldron of foot care!
It was astonishing to see the difference in my feet. The damage would still happen, of course, but by the next class, the skin had healed. No more pain, no more infections. Very powerful stuff.
Use it on any skin that is prone to cracks and abrasions. Even today, we use it in our house after pruning the roses.
Myrrh Essential Oil and Discoloration
I have never seen this written anywhere. I learned it from observing my mom, Jill Bruce. I grew up in a very cosmopolitan area with large numbers of Indian and Jamaican women. They would often come and see mom about pigmentation issues on their face, especially dark spots. She always used myrrh to excellent effect and it helped to balance the dark patches out.
Myrrh Essential Oil as A Decongestant
It’s the stuff of Heaven if you have a blocked up nose, or a chesty cough. Somehow, it liquifies gunk. Even just a small amount rubbed over the sinuses will have them streaming in seconds. A word to the wise though, although myrrh is perfectly safe to use on kids, I wouldn’t advise it for this.
It’s too efficient. The nose pours. It drips down their throat and then you get no sleep because it starts them coughing. Frankincense will always be better for little one’s coughs and colds.
In the same way, use it on the chest for phlegmy coughs.
Myrrh Essential Oil for Menstrual Issues
Vaginal steaming and smoking is just starting to get recognised in the West, but it has always played an important part in African medicines. There, myrrh resin is used as a means of cleaning the womb after menstruation, after childbirth to return the uterus to a good condition and also to heal women who have undergone sexual torture and rape. It is a powerfully intimate medicine.
That said, I don’t find the essential oil as good as using herbs to steam, or resins to smoke.
The essential oil is best used in the bath, or in massage oils to be used externally on the pelvis or back.
Myrrh is a uterine tonic. It is super for supporting healthy menstrual function and to aid trauma (whether that be to the perineum or the psyche) after birth.
Clearly, it is this uterine action that makes it inadvisable for a pregnancy choice. Safety says not before 37 weeks, but personally, I think it is best left until full labor is confirmed, and perhaps not even then, since oils like clary sage and rose have a better action at this time.
Myrrh in Breast Feeding
Strictly speaking myrrh is safe during breastfeeding and would be an amazing choice for cracked nipples. However, don’t forget its taste. It’s not a great plan to encourage a baby to like your boob!
Even if you were able to coordinate space between applying a myrrh cream and feeding, know that essential oils do pass into breast milk and your baby will potentially still be able to taste it.
Here’s what Natalie has to say about blending myrrh.
Myrrh oil is a safe and easy oil to use in dilutions upto 3%. It is best not used in pregnancy or breastfeeding, unless it is to heal some kind of intimate trauma or tear. | <urn:uuid:6142498d-1285-4cd3-965e-7b6affffaab0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.vinevida.com/blogs/adhoc-aromatics/myrrh-essential-oil | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572304.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816120802-20220816150802-00477.warc.gz | en | 0.962201 | 1,212 | 1.859375 | 2 |
Guest post by Sandra Ackerman, Duke Institute for Brain Sciences
Did you know that certain foods are good for your brain — especially if you can persuade your mom to eat them before you’re born?
In the second public lecture for Brain Awareness Week, this one given at the Duke Center for Living, Christina Williams, professor of psychology and neuroscience, made a strong case for the long-term benefits of good prenatal nutrition. Of course, all-around good nutrition is important for the health of both an expectant mother and her baby, but in her talk on Tuesday evening Williams focused on choline, “the essential nutrient you’ve probably never heard of.”
Choline is one of those innumerable B vitamins that rarely make it onto a nutrition label. But it deserves to become famous, because choline is important not only for the building of membranes and the proper working of the liver (both very useful in the human body) but also as a basis for the neurotransmitter acetylcholine—the chemical signal that lets us move our muscles. Oh, and it serves another purpose as well: acetylcholine is the main neurotransmitter used in the function of memory.
It is in the realm of memory that prenatal choline really shines. In extensive studies with rats at all stages of their lifespan, Williams and her colleagues have found that adding choline to the usual prenatal diet gives a major boost to the developing brain. As a result, the offspring have brains that not only prove more resilient to shock or trauma but also demonstrate healthy, high-functioning memory well into old age. In the hippocampus, the brain structure most responsible for memory, the prenatally-choline-supplemented rats even show an advantage in the proliferation of new neurons, which enable them to keep learning long after the normal rat retirement age (about 24 months).
All this is not to say that pregnant women should start gulping down choline, says Williams—least of all as a “supplement” purchased from a health store, because these non-drug compounds don’t undergo strict standardization and scrutiny from the FDA.
You may, however, want to beef up the choline in your regular diet, and in fact beef liver is one of the best dishes for this purpose. Tofu and other soy-based foods, legumes, eggs, and fish will also fill the bill. So lift high your fork, egg cup, or peanut butter-covered knife, and let us keep in mind the power of choline. | <urn:uuid:aa6ac2f8-e147-4698-bd04-45845cc56d61> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://researchblog.duke.edu/2012/03/14/a-brain-food-you-never-heard-of/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572870.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817062258-20220817092258-00667.warc.gz | en | 0.937006 | 523 | 2.859375 | 3 |
F A Q — Frequently Asked Questions
The world-wide-web is a crazy place that's growing and changing faster than Superman can catch a speeding train. It's easy to get confused, even if you think you have all the information. If your question is not answered below, please send us an e-mail and we'll do our best to clear up the muddy waters.
QUICK LINKS TO SECTIONS ON THIS PAGE
• What is a domain name?
• Can you register my domain name for me?
• What is hosting?
• How do domains, hosting, websites & browsers interact?
• How much will a website cost?
• Why do some design companies charge per page?
• What type of payments do you accept?
• Who does the design work?
• How long will it take to build a website?
• I forgot about a deadline! Can you rush my job?
• Can I see my design while it’s in progress?
• Do I own the copyright of the work you do for me?
• Which browsers will support my web site?
• Why can't I find my website in the search engines?
• Do you do search engine submissions for your clients?
• What are the extensions at the end of a file name?
A domain name is your website’s address. Domain names begin with ’WWW’ followed by ’THE NAME YOU CHOOSE ’, and end with ’.COM’. For example, our domain name is www.designedgestudio.com.
You probably already realize that the most common domain names end in .com (for commercial businesses), .org (for non-profit organizations), or .edu (for educational institutions), but there are many more extensions available.
Your domain name – or web address — is the name that represents your Internet identity; your on-line brand. If you choose your name wisely, your customers will remember your name and use it to find your website. Because no two parties can ever hold the same web address simultaneously, your Internet identity is totally unique. Keep in mind that there are hundreds of thousands of domain names that have already been taken, therefore you may have to think very creatively to come up with an available name.
To register a domain name yourself, you can contact a company such as Go Daddy or Network Solutions. If you would like us to register it for you, please contact us. We offer domain names at discounted prices and often give them to you free when you have us develop your website.
Yes, if you would like domain name registration, we will be happy to do that for you. We offer domain names at discounted prices and often give them to you free when you have us develop your website.
Web hosting is a place where your website will be accessible on the Internet. It is a place for your domain name, web page files, and graphics to reside. The web-surfing public doesn't access your computer (or ours). They access computers that host the pages for you. Those computers are where websites are hosted.
Most hosting companies (including Design Edge Studio) offer monthly and yearly packages. Hosting fees vary greatly depending on your needs. If you have a very small, basic website that doesn't need any special features, you shouldn't have to pay more than $30/month. But, for larger sites or those with special features or if you have special programming requirements, prices are typically higher. These types of hosting services can cost anywhere from $30-200/month.
The Web is a network of computers all over the world. Information on the Web is stored in documents called web pages, which are essentially just files stored on even bigger computers called web servers. These web pages must have a unique name (otherwise known as a domain name) in order for your computer to find them. And in order for you to see the web pages, you must have a web browser (Internet Explorer, Netscape, Firefox, etc.).
The entire process can be compared to a library:
The library = the World Wide Web
Having a car to get to the library = having a computer
The road to the library = having an Internet Service Provider (like AOL, MSN or having a browser (like Internet Explorer, Netscape or Firefox – lots of different roads exist to take you to the same exact web)
Knowing a title of a book = knowing the domain name (it typically starts with ‘www’)
Not knowing the exact name of the book and looking in the library’s index = going to a search engine (like Google)
Finding the book on the shelf where it’s supposed to be = the web site is being actively hosted
The title of the book = the domain name
The chapters of the book = the website’s individual pages (it typically starts with ‘www’ and is followed by ‘/’, like www.designedgestudio.com/contact info).
There are quite a few factors that are going to affect the final cost of your website. These factors include how big the site is, if you will have a calendar, how many images will need to be prepared by us, and how interactive the site will be. Therefore, we don't offer fixed pricing as certain projects involve more work. For samples and prices of websites we have designed, go to our design portfolio page.
Simplicity...It helps to keep it simple for their clients. "Per page" is language anyone can understand.
We don't agree with this type of billing because it leaves too many unanswered questions; usually resulting in the client being overcharged. For example, what exactly does a page include? Our version and your version may clash. On a website, a page can be never-ending. You could break it down and say 2 images and 500 words per page, but that leaves you with little flexibility. And if you charge for each additional image or word, you end up getting ‘nickled and dimed’ to death. And what happens if you decide to turn your "cats and dogs" page into two separate pages, one for cats and one for dogs? The content hasn't changed but you're charged for the additional page?
So, having a general idea of the page count is more of a way to understand the general scope of the work and what it will take to design good navigation, rather than being directly related to price.
We accept PayPal®, credit cards, checks, money orders, cashier checks and of course cash. We are also a registered and verified PayPal® business account holder.
Most of the work is done by the owner and creative designer, Kate Gernaat. That said, we do, on occasion hire and/or consult other professionals to help with particular tasks like proofreading, photography (if requested), and specialty programming.
It really depends on the scope of the project, but typically websites take an average of 4-6 weeks. We calculate an estimated timeframe after the initial consultation and information-gathering meetings. We convey that schedule to you and provide regular updates on the progress.
We pride ourselves on being able to meet our schedules. When possible, it’s best not to wait until the last minute to avoid the possibility, although rare, of rush charges. We make every effort to adjust our schedules to accommodate your needs.
The answer is a very firm — MAYBE. Please contact us as soon as possible to see if we can adjust our obligations to our other clients and our families.
If we can take on your rush job, please don't be shocked — we're going to add a 25% rush charge to our usual rates. That said, if a major reorganization of our time is not required, the additional charge will not apply. We’ll do everything we can to solve your emergency situation. We don't want to leave anyone in the lurch.
Absolutely. When we build a website for you, you’ll be given your own URL (web page address) where you may view both the draft and revised stages of the project.
We should mention that all of our works-in-progress are protected by copyright laws. You don't own the designs until they are paid for, in full.
Ownership of the site and all files is transferred over to you upon clearance of full payment. Any original images that you may have given to us are your responsibility and we entrust that they will not infringe upon any copyrights.
If we supplied original artwork to you, additional fees may apply if you want sole ownership of those images. In addition, if in the beginning stages we have provided you with several site designs to choose from, only the final design is the one that you own.
Our designs are supported and functional in multiple browsers. For instance, all menu systems will work — but in some browsers, without animation. In very old browsers, we simply insure that the content is readable. Currently, we are testing in 3 different browsers: Internet Explorer, Firefox 2 (or the most current version) and Netscape 7.
Our advice to you is to be patient; it's not an overnight process. Once your website has been submitted to search engines, they may require several weeks, or even months, to actually list your website in their directories.
How fast your website is listed depends on each individual search engine's database update schedule. Everyone likes to think they can control this, but in reality it’s an imprecise practice.
Not normally. Our answer may surprise you — we don't think it's absolutely necessary. We always set keywords into the HTML headers of web pages, in addition to descriptions and page titles. This is usually all that's needed to get the major search engines to notice (and catalog) your website.
Search engine placement, however, is an entirely different story. Many factors go into the placement, page rank and popularity of your website.
PDF . . . Files saved in this format can vary in quality depending on the need and can generally be opened on any computer.
TIFF . . . Best format for photographs that will be used for printing and placing inside other documents.
JPG . . . Best format for photographs that will be used on web pages or sending via e-mail.
EPS . . . A format for vector graphics typically used for printing.
GIF . . . Best for vector graphics that will be used on web pages or sending via e-mail. | <urn:uuid:90757ade-41f6-4ec0-a080-dc56b450611c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.designedgestudio.com/faq.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279189.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00062-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.940077 | 2,179 | 1.632813 | 2 |
Great Ormond Street hospital has been forced to shut more than 10 per cent of its beds and turn away patients due to a national shortage of paediatric nurses.
The children’s hospital was forced on four occasions last month to declare a “red alert” — meaning it had none of its 355 beds available for booked or emergency admissions.
Hospital bosses admit that more than 40 beds have been closed at times due to a need to ensure that it has enough nurses per bed to ensure patient safety. Seriously ill children have had to remain in a general hospital or be diverted to other specialist hospitals.
There were a further 10 “amber” alerts last month when there were insufficient beds to cope with the number of patients awaiting treatment. The problems have been caused by “high” levels of skilled nursing vacancies, staff sickness, delays in replacing departed nurses and reconfiguration of wards as the hospital expands.
Robert Burns, the hospital’s director of planning, said intensive care nurses were being recruited from Portugal and Ireland because too few specialist nurses were being trained in the UK. He said: “This is a national problem, not just a problem for us in particular. This is a pool that isn’t quite big enough.”
Bernell Bussue, London director of the Royal College of Nursing, said: “This worrying report of bed closures at Great Ormond Street picks up on the concerns already being raised about how staff should be supported to provide effective care during a busy winter.
“We urgently need to look at whether enough training places are being commissioned for all disciplines to reinforce our nursing workforce and keep patients safe.”Reuse content | <urn:uuid:63d7c87a-2d62-47e7-a94b-4a13209b0a3f> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.standard.co.uk/news/health/great-ormond-street-forced-to-turn-away-patients-as-nurse-shortage-bites-8972029.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718278.43/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00239-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.97822 | 347 | 1.703125 | 2 |
The Japan-America Society (JASG) promotes cultural exchange and mutual understanding between Japan and the State of Georgia. In addition to our own unique programs, we also work with other international organizations and institutions to build appreciation of international culture and commerce in Georgia. We have a unique and important part to play as the state's foremost bridge between Japan and Georgia, between Japanese visitors and Georgia's citizens, between Georgia's corporations and Japanese markets, and between Japanese and American families in Georgia.
We reach out to Japanese business people and their families, anticipating and fulfilling their needs. In addition, we also serve Georgians with the message that international business and tourism are important to Georgia's future, and that understanding Japanese culture and business practices is a way to contribute to the state's growth.
Our programs, events and materials are targeted at groups interested in Japan and America for various reasons, but they have a common thread: they are enlightening, interesting and welcoming. They seek not just to teach about Japanese or American culture and business practices, but to introduce Japanese and American individuals to one another to form lasting professional and personal relationships.
The Japan-America Society of Georgia (JASG) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization whose mission is to promote mutual understanding between the people of Japan and the State of Georgia through establishing and promoting ties and programs in the areas of culture, customs, education, commerce and politics.
The Japan-America Society of Georgia’s vision is to make Georgia the most desirable place in North America for Japanese and other international visitors to live and work – and to make Georgia’s citizens and businesses the most internationally aware in North America. | <urn:uuid:e6ab3d6b-5768-4d15-b6b9-72cf01dde25c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thejapanamericasocietyofgeorgiainc.wildapricot.org/about | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573193.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818094131-20220818124131-00468.warc.gz | en | 0.957515 | 349 | 1.625 | 2 |
This past week or so was the week for the FDA to issue approvals of two drugs with tough paths to approval: prasugrel (marketed by Eli Lilly as "Effient®"), a potent platelet inhibitor used following acute coronary interventions and dronedarone (marketed by Sanofi-Aventis as "Multaq®"), an antiarrhythmic and cogener of amiodarone that does not contain Amiodarone's iodine molecule, which was approved for therapy of atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation is patients without severe congestive heart failure.
Prasugrel is a thienopyridine — a prodrug that, like clopidogrel, requires conversion to an active metabolite before binding to the platelet P2Y12 receptor to confer antiplatelet activity. In the TRITON TIMI-38, prasugrel therapy was associated with significantly reduced rates of ischemic events, including stent thrombosis, but with an increased risk of major bleeding, including fatal bleeding while overall mortality did not differ significantly between treatment groups. The trial used a 60-mg loading dose, followed by a 10-mg maintenance dose administered after an acute coronary intervention. It seems that the concerns about bleeding did not escape the FDA's watchful eye, especially in lieu of the controversy surrounding the Cardiovascular and Renal Drugs Advisory Committee's decision to remove Sanjay Kaul, M.D., of Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, an outspoken critic of the potential bleeding complications of the drug.
In 2006, the FDA shot down approval of dronedarone because of its limited effectiveness or safety, we weren't sure. In 2007 additional European data demonstrated efficacy and safety of the drug. In 2008 the drug was granted a reprieve by the FDA after the preliminary results of the Athena Trial that excluded patients with severe CHF were published and demonstrated a reduced incidence of hospitalization due to cardiovascular events or death in patients with atrial fibrillation administered 400 mg twice a day of the medication compared to placebo.
Precisely when these drugs will be available to the general market is uncertain, but I suspect you'll know when meals start showing up in cath labs and offices again. | <urn:uuid:0cf34ade-7fc6-44f5-b751-79f4532a99d3> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://drwes.blogspot.com/2009/07/plasugrel-and-dronedarone-rough-roads.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719453.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00230-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.940221 | 465 | 1.789063 | 2 |
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of the United
the capture existed; although restitution should be decreed, at the hearing, on the proofs, in the first instance.
It was therefore considered that the legislative enactment, providing for the payment of the costs and expenses out of the proceeds of a sale of the property, “in the event of its condemnation," would not only secure their payment without great delay, but would be manifestly just, and in accordance with the theory of prize proceedings, and the practice of prize-courts.
This statute has, however, received a judicial construction at variance from all this.
The Sarah Starr and The Aigburth, having been The statute condemned upon the hearing in the first instance, strued by the by the decrees of the District Court of the United Circuit Court States for the Southern District of New York, the States in the several claimants in each case appealed from the in the cases of decrees to the United States Circuit Court. The
cargoes had been sold on interlocutory order, The Aigburth. and the proceeds deposited in court. The claimants and appellants then moved the Circuit Court for an order for the appraisement of the vessels, and their delivery to them, upon executing a bond for their appraised value.
The marshal then intervened, and prayed for an order for the payment of the expenses and disbursements out of the proceeds in court in the several causes, and which he had individually disbursed; consisting of pilotage, towage, wharfage, keeper's fees, &c.
After reciting the provisions of the act of March, 1862, the learned judge says:
“It will be seen, from the above provisions, that
The Sarah Start and
the claimant is not responsible for the costs and expenses attending the seizure, detention and safe custody of the vessel seized by the government, unless followed by a decree of condemnation, or res. titution on payment of the costs.
“The government is the libellant, instituting proceedings against the vessel, and, like any other party instituting a suit, is responsible for the expenses incurred in the progress of the litigation, accompanied with the right of reimbursement in the event of success, namely, the condemnation of the vessel, &c.
“The claimant acts on the defensive, and is not subject to any portion of the costs and expenses incurred by the proceeding of the libellant, except his own, in the progress of the defense, till adjudged against him by the court in the final adju. dication.
. “It is true that these costs and expenses are a charge upon the property seized, whether vessel or cargo, and which remains in the custody of the law, or its proceeds, in case of an interlocutory sale, or the bond, as representing the property, in case it is bonded, as a security for the reimbursement of these costs and expenses; and this charge upon the res continues until the final adjudication of the case. If favorable to the libellant, they are paid out of the proceeds; if not, they are exempt, and the property, or proceeds, restored to the claimants.
Applying these principles to the case before us, it is quite clear that the marshal's bill presented, which includes charges for his own services, for wharfage, towage, &c., cannot be allowed. He must look to the government, the libellant, for these expenses, or postpone his claim to the final adjudication, when, if against the claimant, he may be paid out of the proceeds, otherwise not.”
By the language of this opinion, it is apparent that the learned court regards a proceeding in a prize-court, in adjudication upon a maritime capture, as analogous to an instance-suit in Admiralty, in this, that neither the capture, nor the decree of condemnation after hearing, upon the proofs, furnish any presumption against the claimant; and further, that the framers of the statute, in providing for the payment of the expenses out of the proceeds of the property “in the event of condemnation,” intended a decree of condemnation, affirmed by the Circuit Court, and again affirmed by the Supreme Court of the United States.
If the intention of the act was such as it was supposed to be prior to this decision, the effect of this authoritative construction was to render it nugatory; and thus the question of the payment of the costs and disbursements incident to adjudications in prize, remained in the like situation as before the statute, and continued to impose serious and increasing embarrassments upon the respective ofiicers charged with the administration of the law.
An attempt was made to provide a remedy for Incongruous this, by further legislation during the same session dered inoperaof Congress; but it was unfortunately postponel to tive a subse
quent attempt the last day of the session, and then, as is too often to provide a the consequence of such delay, the provisions which remedy. passed into a law were ill considered, and of a character so ambiguous and contradictory, as to be inoperative in accomplishing the purpose designed.
A brief but comprehensive legislative enactment
which should supersede all present statute provisions, and be a full execution of the power conferred upon Congress by the 10th subdivision of the 8th section of the Constitution of the United States, “ to make rules concerning captures on land and water," is imperatively required at the earliest practicable moment.
LETTER FROM SIR W. SCOTT AND SIR J. NICHOLL TO MR. JAY.
SIR:- I have the honor of sending the paper drawn up by Dr. Nicholl and myself; it is longer and more particular than perhaps you meant; but it appeared to be an error on the better side, rather to be too minute, than to be too reserved in the information we had to give; and it will be in your excellency's power either to apply the whole or such parts as may appear more immediately pertinent to the objects of your inquiry.
I take the liberty of adding, that I shall at all times think myself much honored by any communications from you, either during your stay here, or after your return, on any subject in which you may suppose that my situation can give me the power of being at all useful to the joint interests of both countries. If they should ever turn upon points in which the duties of my official station appear to impose upon me an obligation of reserve, I shall have no hesitation in saying that I feel them to be such. On any other points on which you may wish to have an opinion of mine, you may depend on receiving one that is formed with as much care as I can use, and delivered with all possible frankness and sincerity.
I have the honor to be,
WILLIAM SCOTT. COMMONS, Sept. 10th, 1794.
PAPER ENCLOSED IN THE FOREGOING LETTER.
Sir:-We have the honor of transmitting, agreeably to your excellency's request, a statement of the general principles of proceeding in prize causes, in British courts of admi. ralty, and of the measures proper to be taken when a ship and cargo are brought in as a prize within their jurisdiction.
The general principles of proceeding cannot, in our judgment, be stated more correctly or succinctly than we find them laid down in the following extract from a report made to his late majesty in the year 1753, by Sir George Lee, then judge of the prerogative court, Dr. Paul, his majesty's advocate-general, Sir Dudley Rider, his majesty's attorney-general, and Mr. Murray (afterward Lord Mansfield), his majesty's solicitor-general :
"When two powers are at war, they have a right to make prizes of the ships, goods, and effects of each other, upon the high seas. Whatever is the property of the enemy, may be acquired by capture at sea; but the property of a friend cannot be taken provided he observes his neutrality.
"Hence the law of nations has established, "That the goods of an enemy, on board the ship of a friend, may be taken. "That the lawful goods of a friend, on board the ship of an enemy, ought to be restored.
“That contraband goods, going to the enemy, though the property of a friend, may be taken as prize; because supplying the enemy with what enables him better to carry on the war, is a departure from neutrality.
"By the maritime law of nations, universally and immemorially received, there is an established method of determination, whether the capture be, or be not, a lawful prize.
“Before the ship, or goods, can be disposed of by the captor, there must be a regular judicial proceeding, wherein both parties may be heard; and condemnation thereupon as prize, in the court of admiralty, judging by the law of nations and treaties.
" The proper and regular court, for these condemnations, is the court of that state to which the captor belongs. | <urn:uuid:bdbabc7d-6760-4ce6-b4d7-406b2762488f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://books.google.rs/books?pg=PA469&vq=%22or+invested,+it+is+agreed+that+every+vessel+so+circumstanced+may+be+turned+away+from+such+port+or+place%3B+but%22&dq=editions:ISBN0313293678&lr=&id=SdswAAAAIAAJ&hl=sr&output=html_text | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00668.warc.gz | en | 0.962254 | 1,941 | 1.679688 | 2 |
Father and Son: Lawrence Orville Godwin Jr (left) and his father, Orville Godwin standing out in front of the Sommer's Sign Company, 408 E. 2nd Street, Tulsa, Oklahoma, where Orville Godwin Sr. worked in 1956. (Photo privately held by Larry Godwin Jr., Fort Smith, Arkansas, digitized by Ginger R. Smith, 2005).
This photo was taken shortly before Orville Godwin was murdered in his home by his neighbor, T H Hubbard, September 11, 1956. Orville Godwin was a sign painter and he worked here at the Sommer Sign Company in Tulsa, OK. His son Larry was living in Fort Smith, Arkansas with his Mother at the time. He was finishing up High School, getting married and entering the United States Marines. | <urn:uuid:97ffd1f8-cf28-4438-9a98-33dc27e17eed> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://genealogybyginger.blogspot.com/2010/07/wordless-wednesday-father-and-son.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281069.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00268-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.988747 | 165 | 1.625 | 2 |
On September 4th, 2012, CDC released its 25th issue of VITAL SIGNS, a monthly “call to action” concerning a single important Public Health topic. This report focuses on the issue of blood pressure control. In the United States more than one-third of the adult population, or approximately 67 million people, have high blood pressure. Of those with high blood pressure, more than half don’t have it under control. High blood pressure makes your 4 times more likely to die from a stroke…and 3 times more likely to die from heart disease. What is high blood pressure and how do we improve control? Normal blood pressure is where your SYSTOLIC pressure, or the top number, less than 120, and your DIASTOLIC pressure, or the bottom number, is less than 80. If you are below this level, make sure you check your blood pressure at least twice a year. If your pressure is 120 to 139 over 80 to 89, you should monitor it closely, and make healthy lifestyle changes. If you have a pressure of 140 over 90 or higher and you are not already being treated for high blood pressure, seek medical attention. If you are being treated, make sure to take your prescribed medicines. Ask your healthcare provider to check your blood pressure during visits, or to check your own pressure, you can buy a blood pressure cuff.
You can even get checked for free at many fire stations and pharmacies. High blood pressure has few warning signs. Don’t wait until it’s too late to control your pressure. Get your blood pressure checked regularly. Remind your healthcare provider or your pharmacist to talk to you about your pressure and know the warning signs. Be physically active. If you smoke, get help to quit. Practice other good health behaviors, and take prescribed medicines as directed.
High blood pressure is within your control..
As found on Youtube | <urn:uuid:ce631729-496d-4443-a206-e607385e90c5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://mmgvision.com/category/news/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279489.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00015-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.941697 | 389 | 3.4375 | 3 |
Some five years ago, Northeastern University English professor Gary Goshgarian watched an episode of Dr. Phil featuring an attractive 28-year-old woman who wanted to look like pop singer Jessica Simpson.
Celebrity worship, he said, served as a jumping-off point for his 2008 novel “Skin Deep,” a psychological thriller in which a serial killer murders beautiful women in Boston.
Goshgarian, the author of eight critically acclaimed novels, including three that have been optioned for films, gave an on-campus presentation last week on the making of a mystery. The program was part of Insights, a faculty lecture series created by the Office of Alumni Relations.
Great story ideas, Goshgarian told alumni, faculty and staff, are like “fossils hidden inside the cave of your brain.” He said he chooses to excavate those ideas by watching TV, surfing the web and channeling personal experiences.
A poll on CNN asking viewers what they would change about themselves—80 percent of respondents wanted to be more intelligent—served as the basis for his 2004 novel, “Gray Matter,” in which a middle-class mother worries about her underachieving son.
What he referred to as a “Stephen King moment” fueled his 2006 novel, “Flashback,” in which a pharmacologist tries to find a cure for Alzheimer’s disease. “My aunt had Alzheimer’s and I was visiting her in a nursing home,” said Goshgarian. “All of a sudden she started to have a coherent conversation with her dead mother in a little girl’s voice.”
Goshgarian, whose nom de plume is Gary Braver, plans to release his ninth novel, “Tunnel Vision,” in June. The book follows neuroscientists who conduct a series of experiments on a young man who had a near-death experience.
He said the late Northeastern English professor Robert Parker, who wrote popular crime novels about a private detective named Spenser, demystified the challenge of writing a novel.
The trick, said Goshgarian, is to think of a 350-page novel as thirty-five 10-page short stories with the same characters. “The author who worries about writing a novel,” he said, “is like a squirrel that contemplates an acorn the size of a basketball.”
Goshgarian, who finds it nearly impossible not to “project yourself into all of your characters,” writes every day at the crack of dawn. Like author William Faulkner, he chooses to leave a sentence — or scene — unfinished for the next session.
“I drink a French roast and I write,” said Goshgarian. “Some days are good days and some days are bad days.” | <urn:uuid:9ef446d3-323f-4377-88ba-95b04b79ce24> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.northeastern.edu/news/2011/03/goshgariannovels/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280761.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00092-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.974266 | 607 | 1.84375 | 2 |
Brandon Addeo | News Editor
Duquesne’s Office of International Programs sent out an email on Jan. 30 to international students affected by President Trump’s recently enacted Executive Order on Immigration, which bars entry of foreign nationals from seven Muslim-majority countries into the United States over the next 90 days.
“Over the weekend, many people from around the world traveling to the U.S. from certain countries were denied entry and sent home,” the email read. “We want to inform all of our international students of how this order affects their individual situations.”
According to Joe DeCrosta, director of the Office of International Programs, there are five enrolled students and one visiting scholar at Duquesne who hail from the seven countries affected by the executive order: Iraq, Iran, Syria, Libya, Somalia, Sudan and Yemen.
DeCrosta said his office is advising the students on “how they need to remain aware of their immigration status while here at Duquesne.”
The email advised students not to travel outside the U.S. “until further notice,” adding in particular that students should not travel to one of the seven countries affected “as [they] may be prevented from re-entering the U.S. upon return.” It also said that the Office of International Programs will send updates to international students as “information changes daily.”
“We want you to know, as always, that you are welcomed here at Duquesne and that we are always available to help with any questions or concerns related to this situation,” the email read.
Duquesne President Ken Gormley also sent a campus-wide email on Jan. 30, in which he expressed “deep concern” about the executive order.
“As a university founded by priests from distant countries … Duquesne has always embraced diversity and has valued the significant contributions immigrants have made to our society,” Gormley wrote. “Recent actions by the executive branch raise serious questions that go to the heart of Duquesne’s core principles and mission, and prompt me to write this letter.
“We support a reasonable approach to immigration that is not based upon fear or hate, does not discriminate and does not cause harm to individuals, families or employers,” he added. | <urn:uuid:d92d9730-a61e-4360-adb4-ac2b504642c1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.duqsm.com/duquesne-advises-intl-students-affected-trumps-immigration-ban/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570871.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808183040-20220808213040-00270.warc.gz | en | 0.956268 | 494 | 1.609375 | 2 |
Today we celebrate Martin Luther King Day. Though he gave hundreds of speeches in his life, the one given on August 23, 1963 to 300,000 civil rights demonstraters on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial ring out with effervescent truth. It is, even still, a battle cry for the hope of what America should be one day.
With my children home from school, I wanted to spend some of our morning focusing on the meaning behind today. I want them to understand the message of this man whom we revere. So, inspired by the following quote from Martin Luther King, Jr.’s “I Have a Dream” speech, we’ll be baking up a large batch of these rainbow-colored krispy squares and talking about the way we treat people. The hope is, that in pulling together all the colors of the rainbow in snack form, we will be able to conjure a worthwhile lesson on the abundant beauty that can be when people from all walks of life, all religions, races, and backgrounds join together in tolerance, understanding, and true freedom.
I have a dream my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.
This will be the day when all of God’s children will be able to sing with new meaning: ‘My country ’tis of thee; sweet land of liberty; of thee I sing; land where my fathers died, land of the pilgrim’s pride; from every mountainside, let freedom ring.’
And when we allow freedom to ring, when we let it ring from every village and hamlet, from every state and city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of God’s children — black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Catholics and Protestants — will be able to join hands and to sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual, “Free at last, free at last; thank God Almighty, we are free at last.” (excerpted from Martin Luther Kings 1963 speech).
Rainbow Krispy Bars
2 tablespoons butter
1 package mini marshmallows
5 cups Fruity Pebbles cereal
In a large pan, melt the butter with your stove turned to medium heat. Use a wooden spoon to stir the butter Pour the whole bag of marshmallows into the pot and stir them until they are melted and mixed with the butter. Add the cereal into the pot and stir it up until all of the cereal is well mixed. Pour the mixture into a large bread pan which has been sprayed with nonstick cooking spray. Allow bars to cool slightly before serving. | <urn:uuid:e5aff780-1b70-459a-8b9f-4fc4631c8d61> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.babble.com/best-recipes/martin-luther-king-day-cooking-craft-rainbow-krispy-squares/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281331.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00223-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.92965 | 560 | 3.015625 | 3 |
Here is another little skiff inspired by a Chesapeake Bay working craft. In order to combine chine construction with the kind of bow that can punch into (instead of being punched around by) the Bay’s notorious chop, builders there have long used cross planked “deadrise” construction in which the bottom planking twists markedly as it approaches the stem. While this method produces a fine and soft riding bow, it requires great skill as each bottom plank must have just the right amount of twist manually carved into it.
Plywood has a lot of advantages for small hull construction, but one disadvantage is that it cannot be made to form into this kind of bow, at least not in large pieces. This new design is drawn to use plywood — in large pieces where possible (roughly three quarters of the boats hull), and in small pieces where necessary to get the Chesapeake deadrise bow form. Construction has proven to be quick and easy.
This boat is designed to make good use of low horsepower — in fact, big motors are not recommended. Our boatyard 9.9 horsepower outboard gave 12 kts with four adults aboard. Twenty five horsepower should be viewed as the upper limit.
The plans consist of eight sheets: Lines, Outboard Profile, two interior layout options, Building Jig, and three sheets of full sized patterns. Also included is a Compact Disc with construction and finished photos of the prototype boat, and other various and possibly helpful information.
D. N. Hylan & Assoc.
53 Benjamin River Dr
Brooklin, ME 04616 | <urn:uuid:fa059a06-2241-4bb9-bc6a-1d4a157a8b9e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.woodenboat.com/boat-plans-kits/point-comfort-18 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280825.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00200-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946691 | 326 | 1.882813 | 2 |
Smoky Hill River, c.560 mi (900 km) long, rising on the Great Plains, E Colo., and flowing E across Kansas to join the Republican River and form the Kansas River at Junction City. The Saline River is its chief tributary. The Smoky Hill basin is included in the Missouri River basin project. Kanopolis Dam (completed 1948) and Cedar Bluff Dam (1951) are used for irrigation and flood control.
The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. | <urn:uuid:e5c99aeb-8b7f-4182-bafb-93e486bb3948> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.factmonster.com/encyclopedia/us/smoky-hill-river.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280587.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00559-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.910278 | 115 | 2.703125 | 3 |
Silent films of the early 20th century had some pretty breathtaking stunts that would be made using a green screen in modern days. Just think of Harold Lloyd’s famous clock scene or Charlie Chaplin’s roller skating scene. Some of the stunts they filmed even seemed quite dangerous, but this video shows that it was, in fact, all a matter of perspective and clever planning.
The video starts with the clock scene from Safety Last. Lloyd looks like he’s clutching the hands of a large clock as he dangles from a skyscraper. It’s terrifying to watch, but the scene was made with a fake wall and a wide-angle lens. Although, it was still filmed on top of a building, and I’m still terrified when I watch it.
You can also see how Chaplin’s iconic roller skating scene from Modern Times was filmed. I’ve always found it unnerving to watch as he skates so close to the edge. However, it actually involved matte painting and a proper camera angle – something that was used back in the day when there were no green screens.
There are scenes from other silent films as well, such as Colleen Moore’s weird eye trick in Ella Cinders or Buster Keaton riding over a broken bridge in Sherlock Jr. Most of the films involved matte painting, camera angles and some clever solutions to keep the cameras positioned where they should be. A scene of Jesus healing lepers in Ben Hur involved two color filters. As they were adjusted, the women’s makeup was no longer visible in the scene, and it looked like magical healing.
The video also reminded me of a short documentary about Star Wars and special effect its makers used back in the ‘70s, so I’ll share it below, too. There were blue screens though, but a lot of effort was put into special effects nevertheless. Still, considering that all the movies from the video above were made almost 100 years ago, I think it’s pretty impressive and clever what they were able to pull off in-camera.
[How Silent Movie Special Effects Were Done | Pedro Cinemaxunga] | <urn:uuid:a0d90bd7-e336-484f-8765-b069a83b4e68> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.diyphotography.net/this-is-how-famous-breathtaking-stunts-were-performed-before-we-had-green-screens-and-after-effects/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00468.warc.gz | en | 0.972279 | 470 | 2.078125 | 2 |
As far as I know, mortgages are not assumable ( some were years ago). A buy or sell has to start over, more closing cost, title insurance, broker fee's, origination fees etc. Suppose the law was changed and every mortgage became instantly assumable. Plan A - Someone owns a home for example and has a 100k mortgage. Lets say the appraised value is now 80k. Buyer assumes the existing mortgage, moves in. Take it or leave it as far as what the house is worth. The seller is out of the obligation, the buyer is taking the risk on future gain in equity or has the home he wants. Plan B - 100k mortgage 150k appraised value. The seller is going to eat the costs of re commisions, etc . In this plan, buyer assumes the mortgage @ 100k, and negotiates a down payment directly with the owner either 50k cash or 25k cash, depending on how bad the seller wants out. Or the buyer could take a second mortgage for the 50k and pass the underwriting standards for the 2nd mortgage. These plans would keep the existing mbs written months and years ago intact (which seem to be a problem on how to price these without rewrting a bunch of mortgages no one knows who owns. Obviuolsy there a few minor details for creditworthy borrows to assume the existing mortgages but would not have to be as dire as current underwritng standards where banks won't lend money to anyone on a new loan. Comments? | <urn:uuid:57c5f3c8-9d1f-4c2d-8e49-6014f7af52e2> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://www.elitetrader.com/et/threads/assumable-mortgages.227313/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719079.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00034-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.973623 | 312 | 1.664063 | 2 |
FDA says Romaine lettuce sourced from Yuma linked to E. coli outbreak
by Joan Murphy | May 06, 2010
WASHINGTON - Food & Drug Administration investigators have traced
Romaine lettuce grown in the Yuma, AZ, region to an E. coli outbreak that has
sickened 19 people in three states, Michael Taylor, deputy commissioner of
foods for FDA, said at a May 6 congressional hearing.
The first case of E. coli poisoning was reported April 6, but it took until May 5
when the New York state Public Health Laboratory in Albany found a positive
sample of E. coli O145 in a bag of Freshway Foods shredded Romaine lettuce
to track down the possible source of the outbreak, said Mr. Taylor.
"In this case, once the company was identified, there was not a problem
getting back to the field," Mr. Taylor said at a U.S. House hearing on food
safety. “We believe it's a Yuma, Arizona, product.”
FDA investigators are visiting Arizona growers that supplied Freshway its
Romaine lettuce, but FDA has yet to make a link to a particular farm or find
the cause of the uncommon E. coli strain, an FDA spokesman confirmed May
“We still don’t know if it originated on the farm or at the processing plant,”
cautioned Western Growers Association Communications Manager Paul
Simonds. “It’s too early to tell.”
Investigators tracking down the uncommon E. coli strain will find that lettuce
production over for the year, Mr. Simonds said. Still, there’s no better product
on the market today than those being grown under leafy greens marketing
agreement, he said.
The latest news raises questions about the Arizona Leafy Green Products
Shipper Marketing Agreement, a system backed by mandatory food-safety
standards and audits by government-certified inspectors. Arizona adopted
the marketing agreement in 2007 modeled after California’s similar food-
safety agreement in the wake of the E. coli outbreak that was traced back to
“One of the benefits of the marketing agreements is we do have the flexibility
to incorporate new science as it comes available,” said Scott Horsfall, chief
executive officer of the California Leafy Green Products Handler Marketing
Mr. Horsfall said that state marketing programs “do everything we can to
prevent pathogens in the first place.”
In this situation, the recall message has been precise and focused on a
particular source at a particular time, so right now there’s no cause for
widespread concern in the marketplace, Mr. Horsfall added.
Twelve of the 19 people in Michigan, Ohio and New York linked to the
outbreak have been hospitalized and three with a potentially life-threatening
complication called hemolytic uremic syndrome.
A May 6 press release issued by Freshway, said that the recalled shredded
romaine lettuce was sold to wholesalers, foodservice outlets and some in-
store salad bars and delis in Alabama, Connecticut, the District of Columbia,
Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maryland, Massachusetts,
Michigan, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia
and Wisconsin. No lettuce products sold to
In a May 6 statement, Freshway said that it was alerted by the FDA May 5 of a
positive test in New York that day and that an investigation by FDA of its
facility in Sidney had not uncovered any contamination at the plant.
Mr. Taylor said that Freshway responded quickly to the crisis and has been
cooperating with the investigation.
The recalled lettuce, which was sold under the "Freshway" and “Imperial
Sysco” brands, has a "best if used by" date of May 12 or earlier. The recall
also affects grab-and-go salads sold at Kroger, Giant Eagle, Ingles Markets
and Marsh grocery stores. | <urn:uuid:4400d19f-a13b-4d95-8bd4-1f7e14d99d98> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.producenews.com/9-news-section/story-cat/4598-4345 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281424.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00333-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.919911 | 865 | 1.742188 | 2 |
Several monks actually -- votes that are at certain levels because they feel that the rep has exceeded the actual worth.
If this is true, I do not see how this is any different from the personality voting that has been railed against so strenuously. Instead of voting (or ignoring) a node's content, you are voting its Reputation.
If those doing this are against personality voting or would rather see more votes given to code, then I ask them to reconsider this practice. I do not believe it's necessary to "take a monk down a peg" for anything other than a bad node.
Vote the node's content, not the poster nor the node's reputation.
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| ] || ] || | <urn:uuid:346f0a3e-2cb6-487d-b880-f8cca31c005a> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.perlmonks.org/index.pl?parent=83351;node_id=3333 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720737.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00220-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.901131 | 443 | 1.640625 | 2 |
1898 Central Wales Map, showing birthplaces of
original Venedocia Ohio settlers.
The original settlers of Venedocia Ohio came from farms near the
towns of Llanbrynmair, Trefeglwys, and Darowen which are shown
by red arrows on
the map above. You can also see
a modern map.
Return to Venedocia Home Page
Back to early history of Venedocia Ohio page | <urn:uuid:088da993-ca81-4970-af21-5f541c2581f3> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.venedocia.org/walesmap.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280730.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00252-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.833256 | 99 | 2.328125 | 2 |
Track Santa from the North Pole to the Berkshires with the help of NORAD…
As a kid growing up in the 60’s I remember my brother, twin sister, and me all going to bed early on Christmas Eve. We felt the earlier we went to bed the sooner Christmas morning would come. Of course, we left plenty of cookies for the jolly one and lots of treats for Rudolf and the gang. We always did have trouble getting to sleep whispering to each other wondering if every little noise we heard was Santa.
These days kids don’t need to wonder where Santa is any more thanks to the sophisticated GPS system tracked by NORAD…the North American Aerospace Defense Command. NORAD has been tracking Santa since the ’50s but technology has allowed NORAD to share Saint Nick’s location online for all good girls and boys to see on the special NORAD Tracking Santa website.
The site features an official Santa Tracker Countdown clock that is currently counting down the days, hours, minutes, and seconds to the big day. The site also has plenty to do including a music stage playing Christmas favorites, an arcade where you can play a different game each day, a library where you can learn all about the magic sleigh and holiday traditions. There’s even a theater showing movies about Santa as well as NORAD. You can visit NORAD’s Headquarters from the site and be sure to visit the gift shop sometime before Christmas.
In addition to the NORAD Tracks Santa website, you can also download Apps to track the big guy from the App Store and Google Play. The actual tracker will not be activated until the day before Christmas, at which time you will be able to track Santa’s whereabouts all over the world.
So as the big day approaches click on this link to the NORAD Tracks Santa website and get ready to watch the miracle that is Santa Clause and his faithful reindeer on their once-a-year voyage around the world as he makes his way to the Berkshires. | <urn:uuid:70cf5d4f-bc5e-4475-a7cd-8fe72838e551> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wsbs.com/track-santa-from-the-north-pole-to-the-berkshires-with-the-help-of-norad/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00674.warc.gz | en | 0.943971 | 419 | 1.742188 | 2 |
|Year : 2021 | Volume
| Issue : 1 | Page : 27-40
COVID-19: A Review of Clinical Trials and Repurposed Drugs
A Ruckmani1, KR Ilamathi1, R Arun Kumar1, PM Umesh Kumar2
1 Department of Pharmacology, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute, Kelambakkam, Chengalpet Dt., Tamil Nadu, India
2 King Salman Hospital, Riyadh, Ministry of Health, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
|Date of Submission||12-Sep-2020|
|Date of Decision||30-Sep-2020|
|Date of Acceptance||27-Oct-2020|
|Date of Web Publication||18-Dec-2020|
Associate Professor of Pharmacology, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute, Kelambakkam, Chengalpet Dt., Tamil Nadu
Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None
| Abstract|| |
This review was undertaken to synthesize data from various databases on therapeutic clinical trials conducted on COVID- 19 in order to find out the trial details and outcome of the completed trials as well as the rationale for selecting the different trial drugs. The data were obtained from articles published December 2019 to September 4, 2020. The analysis of the data has shown that Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) is the only disease for which more than 2100 clinical trials have been registered. In these trials many existing drugs like Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), Remdesivir, Tocilizumab, Sarilumab, Lopinavir/Ritonavir, Favipiravir, Glucocorticoids, COVID-19 convalescent plasma, Mesenchymal stem cells, Interferons, Azithromycin, Ivermectin, traditional medicines and many others are being tested globally for their efficacy in COVID-19. 225 trials have been completed as of September 4, 2020 and the results are available only for a few trials. Out of these results, two have shown favorable outcome for Favipiravir, one for HCQ alone, and one for HCQ + Azithromycin and one for Meplazumab. Topline data of two trials have resulted in the emergency use authorization (EUA) for Remdesivir on May 1, 2020. The available results of NIAD, WHO’s SOLIDARITY, Gilead and RECOVERY trials have not shown the anticipated outcome. The results of the rest of the completed trials are awaited to draw conclusion regarding the definite therapy of COVID-19. The new drug development for COVID-19 is still in its preliminary stage. Identification of potential drug candidates which could selectively inhibit Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV2) protease (Mpro) and SARS CoV2 S protein is in progress.
Keywords: Clinical trials, COVID-19, repurposed, review, SARS-COV-2
|How to cite this article:|
Ruckmani A, Ilamathi K, Kumar R A, Kumar PU. COVID-19: A Review of Clinical Trials and Repurposed Drugs. Int J Nutr Pharmacol Neurol Dis 2021;11:27-40
|How to cite this URL:|
Ruckmani A, Ilamathi K, Kumar R A, Kumar PU. COVID-19: A Review of Clinical Trials and Repurposed Drugs. Int J Nutr Pharmacol Neurol Dis [serial online] 2021 [cited 2022 Aug 18];11:27-40. Available from: https://www.ijnpnd.com/text.asp?2021/11/1/27/303908
| Introduction|| |
Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) has emerged as a massive pandemic with 44 cases in China in December 2019. It has affected more than 200 countries infecting about 26,601,173 million people in nine months (as of September 4, 2020). The morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 vary from country to country with the highest morbidity of about 6 million in the USA and three cases in Anguilla. The global case fatality rate is 3.3%.
The clinical presentation is expanding from the initial triad of symptoms − fever, cough, and breathlessness − to manifestations involving gastrointestinal, cardiac, neurological, ocular, and dermatological systems. Studies have shown that men are at higher risk to develop severe form of the disease and 65% higher mortality compared to women. Age-dependent difference in morbidity has not been reported so far. Until now different groups of currently available drugs are under testing. To mention a few, antiviral drugs such as lopinavir, ritonavir, oseltamivir, remdesivir, favipiravir, anti-inflammatory agents such as glucocorticoids, hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), antimicrobials like azithromycin and antiprotozoals have been used both in clinical trials and outside clinical trials. In spite of taking preventive measures such as physical distancing, frequent hand wash, wearing mask, quarantine, and lockdown, the disease is spreading exponentially.
In this scenario, this study purports to synthesize data from various databases and search engines to review and analyze the available information on COVID-19 clinical trials and the therapeutic status of repurposed drugs.
Literature Search Methodology
A literature search was performed in PubMed, Google Scholar, and WHO databases to identify relevant articles published in English language till September 4, 2020. Search terms included coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, COVID 19, COVID-19 treatment, drugs used in COVID-19, pharmacotherapy of COVID-19, new drugs in COVID, clinical trials, and COVID trials. We included review articles, case reports and case series, and preprint articles. Completed and ongoing clinical trials were included from <COVID-trials.org> (global database) till September 4, 2020. Additional articles were obtained from the citations of the referenced articles.
| Results|| |
As of September 4, 2020, total 2191 clinical trials have been registered from 100 countries in <covid-trials.org>. The multicentric trials have been counted as single trial. The registered trials are in various stages such as those completed (225), completed with results (12), recruiting (1156), and active not recruiting (802).
Most of the trials (1740) are randomized control trials, nonrandomized 150, single-arm 266, and the rest unspecified trials 35. Two trials have been registered for evaluation of COVID-19 in pregnancy and nine trials for children with COVID-19. Total 225 trials have been completed and results are available for a few trials. The number of clinical trials country-wise registered for treatment of COVID-19 (only countries with more than 30 registered trials are included) is shown in [Figure 1] and the details of therapeutic interventions are shown in [Figure 2].
|Figure 1 Number of COVID trials country wise. Source: <COVID-trials.org>|
Click here to view
Among the drugs taken up for trials, HCQ (alone and in combination) tops with 321 trials and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) the lowest [Figure 2]. The outcome assessments include mortality (927 trials), invasive ventilation need (324), adverse events (622), clinical improvement (448), and viral clearance (543). Most trials proposed multiple outcomes. Twenty-six trials involve more than 10,000 patients while 552 less than 50 patients. Among the 26 trials, four on HCQ with standard of care (SOC), one on HCQ + azithromycin, one five-arm trial with HCQ, interferon, lopinavir/ritonavir, remdesivir, SOC in each arm in Argentina and another seven-arm trial in Nigeria with ARB, ARB + statin, non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs (NSAID), NSAID + ARB, NSAID + ARB + statin, statins, and NSAID + statins are ongoing. Another trial involving one lakh patients with five arms, HCQ, interferon, lopinavir/ritonavir, remdesivir, and SOC is in progress in Czechoslovakia. One lakh participants will be involved in meningococcal vaccine trial in Cuba and another 130,000 participants for OPV in Iran. Many nondrug trials have also been registered in <COVID-trials.org>.
The drugs registered for COVID-19 clinical trials are listed in [Table 1],[Table 2],[Table 3]. Among all these trials, 225 trials have been completed and the results are available only for 12 trials. The findings from completed trials are as follows:
1. Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial (EUCTR2020-000890-25)
The Méditerranée Infection University Hospital Institute, Marseille in France coordinated the above trial. Patients assigned to HCQ were recruited and treated in the Marseille Centre. Controls were recruited in centers located in southern France. The trial involved 36 COVID-19 confirmed patients based on two criteria: (i) age above 12 years and (ii) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) positive SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharyngeal sample, irrespective of their clinical status.
Twenty patients were treated with HCQ 200 mg thrice daily for 10 days. Sixteen received standard care. Six of the 20 in HCQ group were given azithromycin 500 mg on day 1 and 250 mg per day for the next 4 days.
Virological cure was observed in 100% of patients treated with HCQ + azithromycin (six patients) compared to 57% with HCQ and 12.5% in the control group (P < 0.001) on day 6 after inclusion in study.
2. A pilot study of hydroxychloroquine in treatment of patients with moderate COVID-19 (NCT04261517)
This trial was conducted in Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center. Thirty COVID-19 confirmed patients were randomized to either HCQ group or the control. Fifteen received HCQ 400 mg/daily and 15 received SOC. There was no significant difference between the two groups on day 7 in viral negativity and clinical features.
3. Efficacy of hydroxychloroquine in patients with COVID-19: results of a randomized clinical trial (chiCTR2000029559)
Sixty-two mild to moderate COVID-19 patients at Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University were equally randomized either to standard or standard care + HCQ (200 mg bd × 5 days). Time to clinical recovery (TTCR) was significantly reduced with HCQ. Pneumonia improved in 80.6% of patients in HCQ group compared to 54.8% in control group. It was concluded that HCQ could significantly shorten TTCR and promote recovery from pneumonia.
4. A trial of lopinavir-ritonavir in adults hospitalized with severe COVID-19 (chiCTR2000029308)
The above study was conducted at Jin Yin-Tan Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China with 199 COVID-19 confirmed severely ill patients. Ninety-nine received lopinavir/ritonavir (lpv/r) 400 mg and 100 mg, respectively, twice a day for 14 days and 100 received standard care. Clinical improvement and mortality on day 28 including viral clearance were monitored. Lpv/r was not found to hasten clinical improvement, reduce mortality, or improve viral clearance.
5. Experimental treatment with favipiravir for COVID-19: an open-label control study (chiCTR2000029600)
The national clinical research center for infectious diseases conducted this study (The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, China) from January 30 to February 14, 2020. Eighty patients were allocated to two groups; 35 received favipiravir (fpv) (day 1: 1600 mg twice daily; day 2–14: 600 mg twice daily) plus interferon (IFN)-α aerosol inhalation (5 million U twice daily); and 45 on lpv/r (day 1–14: 400 mg/100 mg twice daily) plus IFN-α aerosol inhalation. Disease progression and viral clearance were better with fewer side effects in fpv group than lpv/r. Time to viral clearance was 4 days in fpv versus 11 days in lpv/r group, (P < 0.001) and improvement in chest imaging was 91.4% versus 62.2%, (P = 0.0045).
6. Favipiravir versus arbidol for COVID-19: a randomized clinical trial (chiCTR2000030254)
Three hospitals, namely, Zhonghan Hospital of Wuhan University, Leishenshan Hospital, and the Third Hospital of Hubei Province of Wuhan, China, conducted this study from February 20 to March 1, 2020. Among 236 patients recruited, 116 were assigned to favipiravir (1600 mg * 2/first day, 600 mg *2/day) and 120 to arbidol (200 mg*3/day) for 10 days. Efficacy and safety of favipiravir and arbidol (umifenovir) were assessed on day 7. The clinical recovery rate was better with favipiravir than arbidol (P = 0.0199). Favipiravir improved the latency to pyrexia and cough relief with mild adverse effects.
7. An exploratory randomized, controlled study on the efficacy and safety of lopinavir/ritonavir or arbidol in adult patients hospitalized with mild/moderate COVID-19 (chiCTR2000030254)
This study was conducted at Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital, China. Out of 86 patients recruited for the study, 34 received LPV/r (200 mg LPV boosted by r 50 mg orally twice a day, 500 mg each time) and 35 arbidol (200 mg three times daily) for 7 to 14 days and 17 received control treatment without antiviral therapy.
The results indicated that LPV/r and arbidol did not reduce either the time to negative conversion of viral nucleic acid in respiratory specimens (9.0 vs. 9.1 vs. 9.3 days) or improve the symptoms of COVID-19 and pneumonia in CT lung on day 7 and 14. In addition, more patients in LPV/r group progressed to severe status than patients in arbidol and control groups.
8. Meplazumab treats COVID-19 pneumonia: an open-label, concurrent controlled add-on clinical trial (NCT04275245)
Twenty-eight patients were included for this study at Tangdu Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University in Xi’an, China. Seventeen were on meplazumab and 11 on standard treatment. 10 mg meplazumab was given on day 1, 2, and 5 by IV infusion. Efficacy and safety assessment were done at baseline and daily for 14 days and then weekly till day 28 or discharge.
Meplazumab significantly improved the recovery from pneumonia and reduced the time to viral negativity with better safety profile than the control group.
9. NIAID (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases) clinical trial on remdesivir (adaptive COID-19 treatment trial, ACTT)
This is the first trial initiated in the USA for COVID-19 at the University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha. The trial sponsored by NIAID began on February 21, 2020. Totally 1063 participants were enrolled in 10 countries; 538 patients were randomly allocated to local standard care with a 10-day course of remdesivir and 521 patients to local standard care with a placebo.
The findings of 1059 participants were statistically significant.
- Patients who received remdesivir recovered faster by 31% than patients who received placebo (P < 0.001).
- Median recovery time was 11 days with remdesivir compared to 15 days with placebo.
- Results suggested a survival benefit with a mortality rate of 8.0% for remdesivir versus 11.9% for placebo (P = 0.059).
NIAID has begun a clinical trial (ACTT 2) for evaluating remdesivir in combination with baricitinib in comparison with remdesivir alone to improve the clinical outcome on May 8, 2020 (NCT04401579).
10. Gilead trials
Gilead Sciences, Inc., an American Biopharmaceutical Company in Foster City, California, is primarily involved in antiviral drug research for the treatment of HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and influenza. Gilead has currently focused on evaluation of remdesivir to treat patients with COVID-19. The results of the trials conducted by Gilead are detailed below:
Two randomized, open-label, multicenter Phase 3 clinical trials were started by Gilead to study remdesivir (the SIMPLE studies) in countries with high prevalence of COVID-19. In the first SIMPLE trial, the safety and efficacy of 5-day and 10-day dose regimens of remdesivir were evaluated in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19. The patients were recruited at 55 hospitals in the United States, Spain, Germany, Italy, South Korea, Hong Kong, Singapore, and Taiwan between March 6 and March 26, 2020. Initially, 397 patients were randomized (1:1 ratio) to receive remdesivir in addition to standard care as per the following protocol.
- Group 1–day 1–Remdesivir 200 mg IV, 100 mg daily next 5 days.
- Group 2–day 1–Remdesivir 200 mg IV, 100 mg daily next 10 days.
The findings did not show a significant difference in both the treatment groups in the safety of remdesivir, time to clinical improvement, clinical recovery, and mortality rate.
This trial on adult patients with severe COVID-19 was conducted in 10 hospitals in Hubei, China. A total of 158 patients were randomly assigned to treatment with remdesivir and 79 to placebo; patients who received remdesivir had a faster time to clinical improvement than the placebo group among patients with symptom duration of 10 days or less (hazard ratio 1.52). Adverse events were reported in 102 (66%) of 155 remdesivir recipients versus 50 (64%) of 78 placebo recipients. “Remdesivir was stopped early because of adverse events in 18 (12%) patients versus four (5%) patients who stopped placebo early”.
The emergency use authorization issued for remdesivir by the United States Food and Drug Administration (U.S. FDA) is based on the review of the topline data of the trial by NIAID (NCT04280705) and from the Gilead-sponsored trial (NCT04292899) detailed above.
11. Solidarity trial
WHO’s global multinational trials in COVID-19 confirmed patients have been conducted in more than 100 countries. The patients got randomized to one of the four treatment arms: chloroquine or HCQ, remdesivir, lopinavir/ritonavir, and lopinavir/ritonavir plus IFN beta-1a. However, WHO temporarily suspended the HCQ trials on May 25, 2020 due to the reports of cardiac complications and death. Later trial was resumed on June 3, 2020 based on the report of the trials data safety monitoring board.
Results of solidarity trial
On July 4, 2020, the Solidarity Trial’s International Steering Committee recommended to WHO to discontinue the trial’s HCQ and lopinavir/ritonavir arms. The interim results showed that HCQ and lopinavir/ritonavir combination did not reduce the mortality of hospitalized COVID-19 patients compared to standard treatment. Hence, the trial has been interrupted immediately. However, this decision applies to the Solidarity trial conducted in hospitalized patients and not to those in nonhospitalized patients or as pre- or postexposure prophylaxis for COVID-19.
12. RECOVERY trial (NCT04381936).
It is another mega national trial carried out in UK in more than 170 sites. The trial design is a dynamic one with four treatments: lopinavir-ritonavir, low-dose dexamethasone, HCQ, and azithromycin. Subsequently, patients will be randomly allocated to tocilizumab based on specific criteria. The results of the recovery trial are as follows:
12.1 Results of dexamethasone study
A total of 2104 patients received dexamethasone 6 mg once a day (oral or IV injection) for 10 days and compared with 4321 patients who received only the usual care. Dexamethasone was found to reduce 28-day mortality among patients on invasive mechanical ventilation or oxygen, but not among those who did not receive respiratory support. Hence, recruitment to the dexamethasone arm was halted on June 8, 2020, as the trial Steering Committee concluded that sufficient patients had been enrolled to establish a meaningful benefit.
12.2 Results of hydroxychloroquine study
Total 1542 patients were allocated to HCQ and compared with 3132 patients who received usual care alone. No significant difference was observed at 28-day mortality and in the duration of hospital stay or other outcomes. It was concluded that there is no beneficial effect of HCQ in COVID-19 hospitalized patients. Hence, it has been decided to stop enrollment of patients to the HCQ arm of the RECOVERY trial.
12.3 Results of lopinavir-ritonavir study
A total of 1596 patients were assigned to lopinavir/ritonavir and compared with 3376 patients who were on usual care. There was no significant difference in 28-day mortality (22.1% lopinavir/ritonavir vs. 21.3% usual care; relative risk 1.04 [95% confidence interval 0.91–1.18]; P = 0.58) and the risk of progression to mechanical ventilation or duration of hospital stay in both arms. On June 29, the trial Steering Committee concluded that there is no beneficial effect of lopinavir/ritonavir in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and closed randomization to that treatment arm.
13. COVID-19 in pregnancy
Though 14 million cases of COVID-19 in pregnant women have been reported worldwide, pregnant women have been excluded in most of the clinical trials. Hence, limited reports are available. The data of a systematic review reveal that the morbidity and mortality in pregnancy do not significantly differ from the general population. The maternal and neonatal survival rate observed is 98% and 99%, respectively. The various drugs used in pregnancy are HCQ or chloroquine, azithromycin, steroids, oseltamivir, interferon, monoclonal antibodies, and lopinavir/ritonavir. However, some of the drugs such as renin-angiotensin blockers and favipiravir are not recommended because of fetal toxicity.
At present, only two clinical trials have been registered in ClinicalTrials.gov, one in France ongoing with 714 COVID-19 positive pregnant patients and they are tested with HCQ and azithromycin, the other in Spain with HCQ alone. The results are awaited for both the studies.
14. COVID-19 in children
The prevalence of COVID-19 in children is found to be low. Children including neonates and infants present with fever, cough, gastrointestinal symptoms, and other manifestations similar to adults. In a study conducted with 707 neonates born to COVID-19 mothers, 11 were positive for COVID-19 and among them nine had pneumonia and all of them have recovered. Thus, the chance for the vertical transmission appears to be too low.
According to CDC report dated August 14, 2020, the prevalence of COVID-19 in older children is 7.3% and 45% of them are found to be asymptomatic. The transmissibility of the infection through children is not well studied. CDC suggests the possibility of using remdesivir and dexamethasone in COVID-positive children.
Though currently no drug has been approved for treatment of COVID‐19 in adults as well as children, a few drugs are being investigated as potential therapies in children. These include antivirals such as ribavirin, oseltamivir, lopinavir/ritonavir, peramivir, interferon α‐2b, arbidol hydrochloride and antibiotics such as azithromycin + ceftazidime, glucocorticoids, immunoglobulin along with other supportive therapies including oxygen therapy.
There are now nine ongoing clinical trials involving children from birth to <17 years who are positive for COVID-19 and these trials are registered in ClinicalTrials .gov for various treatments, such as Chinese medicine (two trials), convalescent plasma (four trials), bromhexine HCL, Vitamin D, and remdesivir (one trial each).
15. Vaccine trials
Forty-two candidate vaccines are under clinical trials. These vaccines’ platform include inactivated SARS-CoV-2 virus, viral vector based vaccines (adenovirus), lipid nanoparticle (LNP) encapsulated mRNA, adjuvanted recombinant protein (RBD-dimer), RNA, DNA and recombinant spike proteins. Among the 42 vaccines, there is only one oral vaccine, vaxart, (Ad5 adjuvanted Oral vaccine platform) and all others are administered intramuscularly except two of the DNA-based vaccines which are given intradermally. In addition to these clinical vaccine trials, 151 candidate vaccines are under preclinical trials (WHO DRAFT landscape of COVID-19 candidate vaccines −October 2, 2020).
The final report of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA − 1273 clinical vaccine trial is available and the report concluded that 100 µg dose resulted in higher binding and neutralizing-antibody titers than 25 µg, recommending the use of 100 µg dose for phase 3 vaccine trials [NCT04283461]. As there are no approved drugs for treatment of COVID-19, the prevention of the disease is the best option, and hence the reports of all these vaccine trials are anxiously awaited.
| Discussion|| |
The 1918 Spanish flu is considered the most severe pandemic of the twentieth century. COVID-19 has emerged with a similar severity in the 21st century in December 2019, from China, and it is still spreading. It has affected more than 30 million people within 9 months. When Spanish flu broke out, patients were treated with the antimalarial drug quinine.
Similarly yet another antimalarial drug HCQ has been recommended for the current COVID-19 pandemic and it is under evaluation in more than 300 clinical trials. In any pandemic, due to a new organism, specific therapy is not feasible and the therapeutic option is repurposing of the existing drugs based on the available evidence for their effectiveness in diseases caused by similar pathogens. In this regard, currently more than 2100 clinical trials have been registered globally, for testing the various treatment options, which might offer benefit in COVID-19.
In this background, this review was undertaken to find out the details of registered clinical trials, explore the basis for using the various therapeutic agents in COVID-19 clinical trials, and the outcome of the trials for which the results are available. More than 100 countries have initiated the trial process and the USA tops the list with more than 427 trials, followed by China with nearly 376 trials.
Nearly 100 drugs under different groups have been chosen for trials, which comprise antivirals, antimalarials, anti-inflammatory agents, antibacterials, antifungals, antiparasitic drugs, anticoagulants, immunomodulators, convalescent plasma, monoclonal antibodies, cytokine inhibitors, mesenchymal stem cells, nutraceuticals, native medicines, and many others ([Table 1],[Table 2],[Table 3]). The mechanisms of actions, rationale, and the supporting evidence for choosing the trial drugs are detailed in [Table 4].
From [Table 4], it can be inferred that most of the drugs act by multiple mechanisms, such as inhibiting, in general, viral entry, multiplication, and release of viral particles. The other major actions include immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and anticoagulant activities. HCQ and chloroquine, umifenovir, Janus kinases (JAKs) inhibitors like tofacitinib, barcitinib and TMPRSS2 inhibitors, ambroxol, and aprotinin inhibit viral entry. Meplazumab also inhibits viral entry by inhibiting CD147 receptor recently identified in host cells. By preventing viral protease activity, drugs like lopinavir inhibit the proteolysis of the Gag polyprotein, resulting in the production of immature viral particles, which become noninfectious. Remdesivir and favipiravir are RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) inhibitors preventing viral RNA synthesis.
The reasons for selecting most of the antiviral drugs include their therapeutic efficacy experienced in previous viral infections caused by SARS-CoV, influenza, and ebola. Favipiravir was the first drug approved in Japan for the treatment of resistant influenza infection. Later it was used in ebola infection Based on this antiviral activity, it has been now evaluated in COVID-19. Glucocorticoids and interleukin-6 (IL-6) inhibitors inhibit the inflammatory cascade as well as suppress the immune response. Convalescent plasma offers passive immunity. The mechanisms of action of other drugs are given in [Table 4].
Though 225 trials have been completed, the results are available for 12 trials only. The limitation of the first eight trials is the smaller sample size and only one trial had more than 200 patients (236). Out of these eight, two have shown favorable outcome for favipiravir, one for HCQ alone, and one for HCQ + azithromycin, and one for meplazumab.
The results of all other trials (more than 2000) are awaited. Lopinavir/ritonavir has not shown any beneficial effect in all the trials. The combination of lopinavir/ritonavir and HCQ tested in WHO SOLIDARITY trial has not shown clinical benefit in hospitalized COVID-19 patients when compared to standard treatment. Similarly, in the RECOVERY trial conducted in UK, the steering committee concluded that there is no beneficial effect of lopinavir/ritonavir as well as HCQ in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Dexamethasone was found to reduce 28-day mortality among patients on invasive mechanical ventilation or oxygen, but not among those who did not receive respiratory support.
Remdesivir is found to be better than placebo in the trial conducted by NIAID. The GILEAD conducted trials on remdesivir, one comparing 5-day and 10-day course along with standard care and another comparing remdesivir with placebo, reported that there is no significant difference between 5- and 10-day course and the effect of remdesivir is better than placebo in clinical outcome and the adverse effects of remdesivir are not significantly different from placebo.
Favipiravir has shown favorable outcome in the two trials conducted in comparison with lopinavir/ritonavir and arbidol, but with the limitation of smaller sample size. Another potential supplementary therapy is inhaled nitric oxide (INO). Clinical trial of inhaled NO is conducted at the Massachusetts General Hospital in moderate to severe COVID-19 patients who need ventilatory support. The dose of NO is about 100 ppm, which is found to be safe. If INO use is established, it would reduce the need for oxygen therapy, ventilators, and ICU beds [Table 4].
The available reports indicate that the results are to some extent favorable for remdesivir and favipiravir. However, the results cannot be considered conclusive. Reports of trials on larger populations with varying severity of COVID-19 as well as with other comorbidities are needed to establish the efficacy and safety of the repurposed drugs tested and recommend a definite therapy for COVID-19.
The drugs so far repurposed can be of two groups. One group that inhibits the various stages in viral life cycle and the other which can handle the consequence of viral infection, such as cytokine storm, coagulopathy, secondary infections, and organ failure. As these drugs are not specific for SARS-CoV-2, their efficacy is not certain and unpredictable. This could be a reason for the failure of positive outcome with drugs like lopinavir/ritonavir and HCQ in clinical trials. Hence, it is essential to discover drugs that can act specifically on SARS-CoV-2. The spike protein (S protein) in SARS-CoV-2 has been identified as the potential target for drug discovery. The fusion inhibitor EK1C4 is found to have higher affinity for S protein in SARS-CoV-2 than SARS-CoV. EK1C4 when administered intranasally in mice challenged with HCoV-OC43, it protected the mice from infection. However further research is needed to establish its use in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Meplazumab, an anti-CD147, is also found to be useful in clinical trials.
The viral protease Mpro, otherwise known as 3-chymotrypsin-like pro cysteine protease, is another target to arrest viral replication. The two lead compounds 11a and 11b that target Mpro are found to have inhibitory activity against SARS-CoV-2. Further research with such lead compounds targeting SARS-CoV-2 proteins is needed to find out specific drugs for COVID-19.
| Conclusion|| |
COVID-19 is the only disease for which the maximum number of therapeutic trials have been registered in a short span of 9 months. The results available till date have shown favorable outcome to a limited extent for remdesivir and favipiravir but with the limitation of small study population. Dexamethasone is found to be useful in severe COVID patients in reducing mortality. Viral protease inhibitors, which are under development, may emerge as promising drugs for COVID-19.
The results of all the completed trials should be made available to get additional information on the drugs tested in order to decide the most appropriate therapy for COVID-19. Lead compounds targeting SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein (EK1C4) and 3CL protease/Mpro (11a,11b) and other target proteins should be further researched in order to find out effective therapy for COVID-19. Only when the vaccine trials are completed and approved for clinical use, prevention of the pandemic is possible.
| Acknowledgement|| |
The authors thank Dr Abinaya, Department of Pharmacology, for helping in the organization of the manuscript.
Financial support and sponsorship
Conflicts of interest
There are no conflicts of interest.
Compliance with ethical standards
| References|| |
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[Figure 1], [Figure 2]
[Table 1], [Table 2], [Table 3], [Table 4] | <urn:uuid:6f32a89b-4454-41a2-84e7-9a210e1d8415> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ijnpnd.com/article.asp?issn=2231-0738;year=2021;volume=11;issue=1;spage=27;epage=40;aulast=Ruckmani;type=3 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.864519 | 13,232 | 1.65625 | 2 |
Faculty Book: Maurice Peress
Dvorak to Duke Ellington: A Conductor Explores America's Music and Its African American Roots
(Oxford University Press, 2004; 264 pp.)
Dvorak to Duke Ellington offers an elegant portrait of composer Antonin Dvorak's legacy, America's music, and the inestimable African American influence upon it. Peress begins his history by recounting Dvorak's three-year residency as director of the National Conservatory of Music in New York, and his work with Will Marion Cook and Rubin Goldmark, who would in turn become teachers of Ellington, Gershwin, and Copland. We follow Dvorak to the Chicago World's Fair of 1893, where the author brings to light the little-known African American presence there: piano professors about to become ragtimers, gifted young artists such as Paul Dunbar and Harry T. Burleigh. Peress concludes with an astounding look at Ellington and his music. Peress is a professor of music at The Graduate Center and Queens College.
Purchase this book
Submitted on: MAR 25, 2004
Category: Faculty Books | Music Ph.D. - D.M.A | <urn:uuid:dd8db339-2ed8-413b-85ba-e007982b031e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.gc.cuny.edu/News/All-News/Detail?id=5802 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281069.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00269-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.938456 | 255 | 2.484375 | 2 |
Technology plays a huge role in the lives of our children, with cell phones, tablets, and social media being integrated into our daily lives. Kids are now able to connect and communicate with strangers from all over the world. Its important now, more than ever, that parents educate themselves, so that they are equipped to manage and respond to the dangers the internet exposes our youth to. We've compiled a list of resources to help parents learn measures they can take to protect their children, as well as tips on how to talk to kids about being safe online.
APP GUIDE FOR PARENTS
A list of common apps for parents to be aware of. The purpose of the app and what parents should look out for is highlighted.
SMART PHONE SAFETY
A parents guide to smartphone safety- risks and tips
PROTECTING KIDS ONLINE
Tips for protecting, learning and engaging with your kids about online safety
TALKING TO TEENS ABOUT SEXTING
The risks, how to talk about it, and what to do if an image is already out there
PROTECT YOUNG EYES
A website that provides information about the popular apps kids are using, parental controls, and free webinars for parents
YOU SENT A SEXT NOW WHAT
Information for kids to know about sexting and steps to take after sending images
COMMON SENSE MEDIA
Reviews of popular movies, tv shows, apps and games specifically for parents, including safety concerns.
Digital safety lessons for kids elementary, middle and high school age. Also contains information on a variety of topics, including cyber bullying, sexting and sextortion, social media, smartphones, gaming, and online enticement.
FBI SAFE ONLINE SURFING
Provides games and tests for teachers and students from grades 3 to 8 on safe online surfing. | <urn:uuid:ebfcc593-4dd9-4dfa-bf59-ca5d708793d3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.isabellacac.org/internet-safety | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00476.warc.gz | en | 0.935234 | 388 | 3.328125 | 3 |
Volunteering can provide a healthy boost to your self-confidence, self-esteem, and life satisfaction. You are doing good for others and the community, which provides a natural sense of accomplishment. Your role as a volunteer can also give you a sense of pride and identity.
What is volunteerism and its benefits?
Volunteering allows you to connect to your community and make it a better place. … And volunteering is a two-way street: It can benefit you and your family as much as the cause you choose to help. Dedicating your time as a volunteer helps you make new friends, expand your network, and boost your social skills.
How does volunteer work benefit the community?
Volunteering is a great way to meet new people, especially if you are new to an area. It strengthens your ties to the community and broadens your support network, exposing you to people with common interests, neighborhood resources, and fun and fulfilling activities.
How does helping others benefit you?
Evidence shows that helping others can also benefit our own mental health and wellbeing. For example, it can reduce stress as well as improve mood, self-esteem and happiness. There are so many ways to help others as part of our everyday lives. Good deeds needn’t take much time or cost any money.
What benefit do you acquire in joining some community activities?
7 Benefits of Getting Involved in Your Community
- Meet new friends and business contacts who are outside of your normal circle. …
- Be connected to the pulse of what’s happening. …
- Be proactive. …
- Helping others feels good. …
- Get advice. …
- Seek professional development opportunities. …
- Find your passion.
What are two benefits of volunteering for the recipient the one who receives )?
– Decreases the risk of depression, especially in the elderly. – Increases social interaction and helps build a support system. – Gives a sense of purpose, which may be especially important for youth and the elderly. – Teaches valuable, marketable job skills.
What is the benefit of using volunteer students?
Through community service, students gain real-world experience and practice important habits like leadership, problem-solving, and time-management. Volunteering offers students the opportunity to apply their classroom learning to practical scenarios that have real implications.
How helping others will make the world better?
Improved happiness as a result of volunteering also leads to reduced depression, anxiety and other mental health issues. … Studies have shown that offering help has a stronger positive impact on mental health than if you are receiving help while creating a community environment that reduces feelings of isolation.
Why is doing service important?
Psychological benefits: Volunteering increases overall life satisfaction and helps you feel good about yourself because you are helping others. It can also help to decreases stress and ease depression.
Why is service to others important?
Helping others makes us happy and gives us endorphins. Serving others is good for our mental health, our emotional well-being, and our self-esteem. And the laws of the universe have shown time and time again that those who serve others are more successful themselves. | <urn:uuid:32e3d559-07eb-48de-bdbc-ac8748ec953d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://inspiredphilanthropist.com/charity/best-answer-how-does-volunteering-benefit-an-individual.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.955556 | 657 | 3.140625 | 3 |
WHALE AND DOLPHIN WATCHING
Research on Sperm Whales was initially done in the seas of Sri Lanka off the East Coast in the 1980s. Subsequent Whale research was severely restricted due to the conflict in the North and the East. In 2003 it was initiated once again and it was found that the Indian Ocean waters surrounding Sri Lanka had the highest density of Sperm Whales in the world as well as providing a life for the mighty Blue Whale – the largest animal on earth — Fin Whales, Humpback Whales, and Dolphins. Most whale species found in the waters of Sri Lanka do not migrate long distances for feeding and breeding and therefore remain in the surrounding seas throughout the year. Boat excursions into the deep seas are possible from December to April when the seas are at their calmest along the south and west coasts.
South Coast: During the season in December and April, large pods of Dolphins and Blue Whales can be seen just a few miles offshore.
North West Coast: Hundreds of Spinner Dolphins can be seen just minutes off the shores of Kalpitiya in the North West during the season from December to April. | <urn:uuid:8b7a08ac-fb48-4d7f-a4ed-649034c78eb7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://goholidayinsrilanka.com/whale-and-dolphin-watching/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572163.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815085006-20220815115006-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.971221 | 236 | 3.5625 | 4 |
Tech Lands Second $1 Million Grant For Border Security ClassesSOCORRO, N.M. September 27, 2011 – U.S. Senator Jeff Bingaman announced last week that New Mexico Tech has been awarded a $999,999 Department of Justice grant to help train local law enforcement agencies to tackle drug trafficking violence.
The grant comes from the fiscal year 2011 spending bill that funds the Department of Justice.
Tech will use the funds to offer classes to law enforcement personal on methods of reacting to and preventing drug-related violence in the border regions. In 2010, the Department granted Tech $1 million to launch the program, which offers classes specifically tailored to address the escalating violent activity of Mexican drug trafficking organizations.
“Drug-related criminal activity continues to be a burden on local law enforcement agencies located along the New Mexico-Mexico border,” Bingaman said in a press release. “This funding will provide important support and training to help ensure they are prepared to respond to any situation.”
The Southern Border Law Enforcement Training and Technical Assistance Project has been focused on the overall goal of providing Southwest border state, local, and tribal law enforcement officers. Classes arm officers with the knowledge, skills, and abilities to protect themselves and to safely and effectively respond to crime and violence stemming from narcotics activity along the southern border of the United States.
| Dave Williams, director of the Southern Border Training and Technical Assistance Program, at a conference in 2010.
Dave Williams, the director of the program at Tech, said New Mexico Tech requested $1 million for a second year of training under the auspices of the Department of Justice. The new funding will allow Tech to offer training to 675 additional tribal, state, local law enforcement personnel to counter transnational criminal enterprises linked to Mexican Drug Trafficking Organizations.
At Playas and Socorro, EMRTC will conduct these classes: eight sessions of “Surviving the Mexican Drug Cartels,” an eight-hour course, and five sessions of “Countering Mexican Cartel Violence in the Southwest,” a 40-hour course. Additionally, a two-day “Kidnap Incident Management Seminar” will be conducted at least twice for communities at risk for kidnapping by those associated with the cartels.
Williams said New Mexico Tech has a decade of experience training the nation’s first responders in responding to terrorist attacks. Through several Department of Homeland Security-sponsored classes, law enforcement officers from every state have attended classes and demonstrations in Socorro and Playas, N.M., in order to prepare themselves for potential terrorist attacks.
“We have proven that we have exceptional training capabilities,” Williams said. “New Mexico Tech is the nation’s leading training destination for police officers and firefighters. Now, we have expanded our offerings to include a curriculum specific to border security work. The U.S.-Mexico border area is increasingly becoming violent. Collectively, we need to be prepared for the tactics employed by the Mexican drug cartels.”
The Border Security Center initiated the program by conducting a thorough needs assessment, which included surveys of 145 officers in four states. The Center also consulted with experts who have developed successful programs in Colombia and with the London Metropolitan Police Force in England.
The Center began offering pilot program classes in January 2011 and started a four-day practical application course, “Countering Mexican Cartel Violence in the Southwest,” in March 2011 at Tech’s Playas Training and Research Center. All costs for the training, including participants’ travel, will be paid by the Bureau of Justice Assistance grant. Since January, Williams said the curricula for the courses has been adapted to the quickly-changing level of activity in the border regions.
“Our classes make officers much more conscience of the potential for extreme violence when they encounter drug cartel soldiers,” Williams said. “We arm them with the tools to recognize the indicators that they aren’t making a normal, high-risk felony stop, that the person they’re stopping may have an automatic weapon or a hand grenade and may be trained in paramilitary tactics.”
– NMT –
By Thomas Guengerich/New Mexico Tech | <urn:uuid:012aa8d0-bc3f-468c-82c9-9c3f8bb3030e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.nmt.edu/news/all-news/336-2011/4228-tech-lands-second-1-million-grant-for-border-security-classes | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280364.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00034-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.941951 | 867 | 1.640625 | 2 |
Designed inclusively, outdoor environments have the potential to benefit older people in a number of ways. This section of our website summarises the established ‘environment-behaviour’ evidence base on the positive impact of getting outdoors on independence and quality of life. We examine the meaning of quality of life (QoL): recognising that health is not an all-encompassing measure. We also look at the underlying concept behind our research framework: ‘environmental support’ as an integration of personal projects, environmental attributes, and unmet needs.
Take me to theories
I'DGO has a multi-method approach to research. This means that we use a number of ways of collecting and analysing data, as well as measuring indicators of quality of life, allowing for the ‘triangulation’ (cross examination) of findings. Most of the work we do takes place in the ‘real world’: auditing neighbourhoods for accessibility; interviewing participants and running focus groups; observing behaviour; and equipping older people to collect their own data (via diaries, accelerometers etc.). We also undertake literature reviews and - in I'DGO TOO - have worked with laboratory simulation.
Take me to methods | <urn:uuid:2a2b818a-303c-4d4f-90bc-b2ef49b90441> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.idgo.ac.uk/theories_and_methods/index.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572033.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814113403-20220814143403-00276.warc.gz | en | 0.951096 | 254 | 2.390625 | 2 |
Voice control, wifi control, tablet, wireless contacts, smartphone, ihc and other controllers
We can provide complete smart home solutions for your home. From individual products that you want to operate via smartphone, voice control, tablet or contact and to complete solutions with multiple devices such as curtains, blinds, LED strips, LED lamps and more. You will also be able to set the various devices to act automatically. Curtains can be opened and closed at given times and at given temperature. Lights and lamps can be switched on and off at set times and with reduced brightness.
Several of our products can communicate with other known controllers in the market such as IHC, KNX, Zwave, IHC Wireless etc. If you have a special need, please contact us. If you are in the process of building a new one, we would like to give advice and guidance on planning of electrical connections and their location. We can provide diagrams of how you can connect the products to the individual controls. Please take us to the advice well in advance.
ODSIF smart home
Our own smart home system where you can control curtains, blinds, slats, lights, lamps, LED bands and other devices via smartphone and tablet. All communication with the devices is done wirelessly. All you need is our wifi box and the devices you want to control. A smart and modular solution that can be used with only a few units or many units in the home.
-- SEE MORE ABOUT SMARTHOME HERE --
Together with our smart home solution, Google Assistant is used to manage home devices through voice. This requires our wifi box, a Google Assistant, and the devices you want to manage. A real and simple way to control the home, especially when you don't have your phone or tablet at your fingertips.
-- SEE MORE ABOUT VOICE CONTROL HERE --
Internet of things
The Internet of Things, is a term for physical things equipped with small sensors that can communicate with the outside world through the Internet. ODSIF has curtain rod models that are pure IoT products. Ie that the curtain rods themselves connect online and can send and receive data. The curtain rods are controlled via smartphones / tablets / voice control.
We can provide wireless contacts in LK design to match the contacts you already have in your home. They are smart to have as parallel controls so you can always e.g. open or close a curtain, switching on and off a light, etc. Especially if you do not have a smartphone / tablet at hand. An added security that you can always operate your devices.
-- ORDER HERE --
If you have IHC in your home, we can supply devices for control via IHC Wireless, including curtain rods and blinds. You can find charts on how to connect ODSIF products to IHC Wireless. Look under the products or downloads.
IHC output module
We have curtain rods and blinds that can be controlled via the IHC Output module. Under the products and downloads you will find charts of what it takes to apply this solution.
It is possible to control some of our curtain rods and blinds via KNX. You can find diagrams for KNX connection for our products under the individual products as well as during the downloads.
For Z-wave, we have different solutions, including roller blinds. See 2 suggestions under our control panel for control via Z-wave and Fibaro HC2. Diagrams of the solutions are also found during downloads.
Remote controls and tablets
Of course, you can get remote controls for our products if you wish. For curtain rods, blinds, door openers, window openers, cupboard openers etc.
We can provide control via tablet with large and easy to operate icons for operating units in the home. Eg. open / close window, open / close door, turn on / off light, open / close curtains, turn on / off TV, turn TV sound up and down. Can be individually adapted to the individual's needs with fewer or more functions. Contact us about the different options. | <urn:uuid:6b0c116b-ae74-4040-9ea3-2ae08038d70f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.odsif.dk/en/smarthome-control-wifi-voice-control-knx-zwave.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572286.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816090541-20220816120541-00271.warc.gz | en | 0.935331 | 859 | 1.625 | 2 |
Italy was divided into nine states (including Lombardy, the Sardinian kingdom, the Papal state, the Grand Duchy of Tuscany and the Neapolitan kingdom), had a painful dependence on foreign states. The disaster for the inhabitants of the Apennine Peninsula turned into endless wars of rivals for influence in Europe and Italy itself states: for the Spanish inheritance (1701-1714), for the Polish inheritance (1733-1735), for the Austrian inheritance (1740-1748). As a result, their positions in Spain were noticeably weakened, but preserved in the south, in the Kingdom of Naples, where the rule of the Spanish Bourbono dynasty sharply increased the influence of Austria in the north and in the center of Italy. The Genoese and Venetian republics lost their former power. But the role of the Sardinian kingdom with a center in Piedmont increased, expanding its territory at the expense of France, the State of Milan and other neighbors.
The process of the initial accumulation and development of capitalist relations in Italy went painfully and difficult, exacerbating the deep economic and social crisis – a consequence of a self-serving policy of the nobility and clergy and the dominance of the feudal system. Only in the second half of the 18th century did the situation begin to improve, which was facilitated by reforms in the spirit of “enlightened absolutism” that took place in a number of Italian states. It was about the well-known streamlining of the financial and tax system, measures that favored the development of trade, the fight against embezzlement and corruption, etc. Reforms did not change the feudal-absolutist nature of these states. But nevertheless during this period more favorable conditions arose for the development of capitalist relations in trade and industry, especially in northern Italy. Strengthened by the commercial and industrial bourgeoisie, which longed for the abolition of the feudal system and overcoming the fragmentation that impeded economic development. Her interests in many respects coincided with the interests of the bourgeois nobility, which was gaining ever greater strength in Italy. The leading representatives of the intelligentsia – enlighteners, who considered themselves the heirs of the great traditions of the Italian Renaissance, following Dante, Petrarch and Machiavelli, saw the achievement of national independence and unity of the country as the most important condition for its renewal. At the same time, they connected all hopes for reorganization with the activities of enlightened monarchs. | <urn:uuid:7f723afd-4581-45af-aae9-e50a66c4efc2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.bystudin.com/what-was-italy-under-the-old-order/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573760.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819191655-20220819221655-00678.warc.gz | en | 0.961352 | 507 | 3.671875 | 4 |
David Einhorn, manager of the $10 billion Greenlight Capital Inc., said he found a recent dinner conversation with former Federal Reserve Chairman Ben S. Bernanke scary.
“I got to ask him all these questions that had been on my mind for a long time,” Einhorn said in an interview today with Erik Schatzker and Stephanie Ruhle on Bloomberg Television, referring to a March 26 dinner with Bernanke. “It was sort of frightening because the answers were not better than I thought they would be.”
Einhorn, 45, has been critical of Bernanke’s willingness to leave interest rates near zero for more than five years. The hedge-fund manager has said the benefits of low rates diminish over time until they are more harmful than helpful, and that the Fed’s stimulus has led to income inequality. Bernanke, a former Princeton University economics professor, stepped down this year after eight years helming the U.S. central bank.
In describing the dinner conversation at New York’s Le Bernardin, Einhorn criticized Bernanke for saying he was 100 percent certain there would be no hyperinflation and that it generally occurs after a war.
“Not that I think there will be hyperinflation, but how do you get to 100 percent certainty about anything?” Einhorn said. “Why can’t you be 99 percent certain?”
Bernanke responded “you are wrong” to a question about the diminishing returns of having interest rates at zero, according to the hedge-fund manager. The ex-Fed chief’s explanation, Einhorn said, was that raising interest rates to benefit savers wouldn’t be the right move for the economy because it would require borrowers to pay more for capital.
A spokeswoman at the Brookings Institution, where Bernanke is now a fellow in residence, said he was traveling and wasn’t immediately available.
Einhorn said he was keeping an “open mind” about the new Fed Chair Janet Yellen. “I would love to see if she had a better reason for rates to remain at zero at this stage of the economy,” he said.
The Fed’s actions during the financial crisis have been praised by investors including billionaire Warren Buffett for helping the U.S. recover from the deepest slump since the Great Depression. Last year he described the Fed as “the greatest hedge fund in history” because of the money it’s generating for the government from its bond-buying program.
“I’m not sure that is meant as a compliment,” Einhorn said in response to a question about Buffett’s remark. | <urn:uuid:bd1606a5-e085-40b1-8172-f5ce8bb2b443> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-05-06/einhorn-finds-dinner-chat-with-bernanke-frightening- | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720153.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00323-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.967226 | 571 | 1.507813 | 2 |
GARLAND (CBS 11 NEWS) – This afternoon the Preston Royal Library was anything but quiet. Instead of books, kids got up close and personal with musical instruments, through Kids Notes, an educational program by the Garland Symphony Orchestra. They learned about different types of instruments from a professional musician. But what makes this program really unique is the “petting zoo” where kids get to touch and even play instruments.
Alice Allen, Education Manager with the Garland Symphony Orchestra told us why the hands-on approach was beneficial. “We believe the way to really spark a love of music is for them to touch the instrument. We really think it helps keep them engaged no only while they are here but later on. It’s just great to see where that spark happens and to see when that glisten in their eye really happens.”
Kids Notes programs are throughout the summer at various locations. Click here for more information.
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MOST VIEWED GALLERIES | <urn:uuid:231b6306-5468-4250-9552-057defaac14b> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://dfw.cbslocal.com/2013/06/25/kids-notes-program-exposes-children-to-music/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720238.63/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00190-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.932829 | 265 | 2.828125 | 3 |
Philosophy at Western Sydney University is one of the most important centres for work in Continental Philosophy in the Asia Pacific region. Its members form a dynamic and well-respected group of scholars who have studied and taught at leading universities in Europe, North America, and Australia. They maintain wide ranging international relationships which contribute different perspectives into research and teaching.
The Philosophy Research Initiative has varied interests, and offers both courses and individual supervision in a number of areas in continental philosophy. Members of the group have special expertise in Kant and post-Kantian German thought from Hegel to Nietzsche, the traditions of 20th-century French and German philosophy emerging out of phenomenology and existentialism and moving into Critical Theory, deconstruction, post-structuralism, and the more recent philosophical trends arising out of those movements. We are open to diverse issues, but place a special emphasis on questions of ethics, social and political philosophy, aesthetics, environmental philosophy, and the historical sense of those questions.
The Philosophy Research Initiative at Western Sydney University has strong connections with philosophers in a number of countries and different universities. We actively encourage students to take advantage of these connections and we also welcome students coming to our program from several of those other universities.
Relations with philosophers and philosophy programs in Italy, Germany, North America, Great Britain, and France allow us to place our postgraduate students in programs abroad. We encourage participation in the Collegium Phaenomenologicum (Italy).
For further information, please contact firstname.lastname@example.org.
Postgraduate Options in Philosophy
A student can study for the following Degrees in Philosophy:
About Research Culture in Philosophy at Western Sydney University
The philosophy research culture at Western Sydney University is vibrant, engaged, and contemporary. A philosophy student at Western Sydney University will be able take advantage of an active schedule of talks, workshops and conferences. We have a series of guest speakers giving talks in the department on Wednesday afternoons. These talks seek to address the wide array of interests of our faculty and students.
Western Sydney University's Philosophy Research Initiative is committed to cultivating a genuine public role for philosophy. To this end, we have established an active speaker series, visiting professorships, fre-quent conferences, and significant outreach programs.
One of our regular workshop series is called Encountering the Author. These are workshops on recently published books, with the author present to respond to readings by different scholars. There are a number of these workshops each year and students are encouraged to be involved in proposing and organizing them.
The annual Thinking Out Loud: The Sydney Lectures in Philosophy and Society invites a leading international thinker to present a series of public lectures on a common theme. We collaborate with the ABC to broad-cast recordings of the lectures and interviews. The lectures take place at the State Library of New South Wales. They are subsequently published by Fordham University Press.
The Philosophy group is also responsible for organizing a series of public talks with esteemed speakers. These are organized in a series called Sydney Seminar for the Arts and Philosophy, which has an excellent reputation in Sydney.
Our members all have active research and publishing agendas. They also edit important book series such as the "SUNY Series in Continental Philosophy", "Thinking Out Loud" (Fordham University Press), "New Studies in Idealism" (Davies Group), "Violence, Desire, and the Sacred" (Bloomsbury), and "Incitements" (Edinburgh University Press).
Sydney is a culturally vibrant city with many museums, concert venues, and several other universities. Western Sydney is one of the most culturally diverse areas of Australia. The Philosophy Research Initiative at Western Sydney University engages in that cultural life and embraces cultural diversity, while being committed to postgraduate research and teaching. We invite interested students to join us in that work.
For more information about studying at Western Sydney University, visit the University's Future Students webpage. | <urn:uuid:cdf03fa6-7854-45dc-9018-3c0b78821fe6> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.westernsydney.edu.au/philosophy/home/postgraduate_studies | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988725475.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183845-00510-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.932717 | 804 | 1.578125 | 2 |
Is the cough turning into cough spells? Are you suffering from cold and cough for more than 10 days? Cough can be extremely frustrating. All the medications and treatment you make be taking may be going in vain. Moreover, the over the counter medications provide temporary relief and do not cure from within. Cough can give you sleepless nights and painful days, preventing you from following your day to day routine. Following are some natural home remedies for cough and lifestyle changes to shorten the duration of cough and cure it naturally.
Top Home Remedies for Cough
It is one of the effective home remedies for cough. Due to its antiseptic, antibacterial and healing properties, it will ease the symptoms of persistent cough and kills the infection causing bacteria. Drink slowly a glass of warm water mixed with one spoon of honey several times a day. This way it gives soothing effect on the throat. Before going to bed eat 1 tablespoon of honey and ½ tablespoon of cinnamon powder, this will help you sleep better.
To know about the home remedies for mouth sores, click here to read in detail…
It can help treat cough naturally. The Vitamin C in lemon boosts immune system. The citric acid present in lemon helps to reduce the thickness of mucus and its strong antibacterial and anti-viral properties helps to combat the infection. Take one spoon of freshly extracted lemon juice, one glass warm water and little honey; drink this juice several times a day. Another option is to cut the lemon into half, sprinkle little salt and pepper over it. Lick this lemon to soothe your irritated throat.
To know more about why lemon water is good for you, click here to read this article…
It is a natural expectorant which will help to loosen mucus and treats dry cough effectively. It is also a strong antibacterial and builds immunity to fight infections. You can take one spoon of freshly extracted ginger juice with little honey twice daily. Alternatively, mix ginger juice, lemon juice and onion juice in equal quantities and take this mixture 2-3 times daily. Include ginger in your diet and drink ginger tea.
It has antibacterial and anti-viral properties which help to clear throat infection. It is a natural antibiotic. You can take one spoon of fresh garlic juice 2-3 times a day for about a week. Include garlic in your diet and you can also take garlic syrup.
It has therapeutic effect on cough, especially dry cough which is the main symptom of cough. Turmeric has antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. It boosts the immunity and helps fight infection. Famous grandma’s recipe for is to drink warm milk mixed with ½ spoon of turmeric. Another way is to make a concoction of turmeric and honey and take it twice daily.
If you want to know the turmeric benefits in detail, then you must go through this article…
Jaggery is known to be an age old remedy to cure cough with sputum. It removes the congestion in the chest and clears the respiratory tract of sputum. Mix a little cumin and jaggery along with some pepper and water. Drink this decotion twice daily and get rid of cough in a week.
7. Black Pepper Tea
Black pepper is known to stimulate circulation and mucus flow. In combination with honey, it works like an anti-biotic and natural cough suppressant. Make a mixture of pepper powder and honey. Fill with boiling water and strain. Drink the strained liquid at least once a day. It works very well for wet cough with mucus.
8. Blended Almonds
Almonds are an age old remedy for cough and other bronchial infections. Grind almonds to form a fine powder and mix with orange juice. Drink this mixture daily to get permanent relief from cough.
9. Raw Onion and Raw Honey
Although a weird combination, raw onions and raw honey makes a tasty combination and a wonderful home remedy for persistent cough. Slice the onions into a bowl and mix with honey and brown sugar. Cover this mixture and allow overnight. The next day, you will find sweet syrup that is formed from the mixture. Drink this sweet syrup to fight cough, and throat infections.
10. Flaxseeds Along With Honey and Lemon
Boil flaxseeds in water until it becomes thick. Strain the solution and add 3 tsp of honey and 2 tsp of lemon juice. Flax seeds along with honey and lemon acts as a natural anti-biotic. This drink will easen out the tracheal tract and provide long term relief for a bad cough. Drink this mixture twice daily for bets results.
Additional Tips For Cough Treatment
- Drink Chamomile tea 2-3 times a day as it has anti-inflammatory and immune boosting properties.
- Take 6 saffron strands and infuse them in a cup of hot water for five minutes and drink it few times daily. Saffron is used in Ayurveda to treat dry cough and Pertussis.
- Tie a small piece of dry camphor in a handkerchief and sniff it from time to time to ease the cough.
- Mix 5 drops of almond oil with 10 drops each of onion juice and ginger juice, take this mixture three times a day for at least couple of weeks. Almonds are rich in photochemical and antioxidant. Eating soaked almonds will subside the symptoms of whooping cough.
- Prepare a chest rub with almond oil, eucalyptus oil, rosemary or camphor. Use it as needed to give a soothing effect.
- Do not eat dry, crumbly foods that trigger cough spasms. Avoid food allergens like sugar, diary and starchy foods.
- Include Vitamin C rich foods and drink plenty of water to prevent dehydration.
- Wear a mask while going out and maintain hygiene to prevent the infection to spread. Keep your home free from irritants like smoke, dust etc.
- Important thing is to get plenty of rest to recover soon.
In this article, we will tell you health benefits of garlic, that you did not know before! Please click here…
These are few simple home remedies that will provide you long term relief from cough. These traditional home remedies for cough are known to work better than over the counter medications or drugs prescribed by your doctor. If you feel comfortable, along with you existing medications make sure you try out these home remedies for cough that plagues you continuously. These home remedies will help you relive the cough that gives you sleepless nights! Find a way to say goodbye to persistent cough. | <urn:uuid:c088a4cd-08e3-4b9d-8510-4d24ade697dd> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://stylenrich.com/home-remedies-for-cough/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279189.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00059-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.934871 | 1,355 | 1.8125 | 2 |
Every day, over 1,500 planes take off and land at Los Angeles International Airport; on average, about one plane goes down a runway every minute. It’s the sixth busiest airport in the world, and last Sunday, LA photographer Mike Kelley spent the afternoon photographing every single departure from one complex to make this stunning composite image.
It was a spontaneous project. "I was down at the airport a week ago with a friend of mine watching planes take off and land, and thinking it would be really cool if I could get all of the planes into one picture," Kelley says. "Then on Sunday I woke up and it was unbelievably clear. If you’ve ever been to LA, to be able to see as far as you can is a once-in-a-year kind of thing."
He decided to head to the airport to take a test shot; eight hours later, it was going so well he was still there, with hundreds of photos. He headed home with a sunburn—since he didn’t want to leave to buy sunscreen and move the camera—and then kept working until 4 a.m. to put the image together, using compositing techniques in Photoshop that he normally uses in his work as an architectural photographer.
The final image includes 75 photographs out of nearly 400, with some domestic planes edited out. "I didn't love it when there were literally 40 American Airlines 737s and just as many United 737s, so I made sure to keep it more internationally flavored," he says. He also moved the planes slightly left and right so they wouldn't overlap.
Kelley, who has a lifelong obsession with aviation and is working on getting a pilot's license, hopes to continue the project and is talking with LAX about the possibility of taking more shots from a tower inside the airport. He would also like to repeat the experiment at other airports, though LAX is uniquely located near a hill that allows for perfect shots.
"It’s rare that you find an airport that has a view like that," he says.
Slideshow Credits: 01 / Mike Kelley; 02 / Mike Kelley; 03 / Mike Kelley; 04 / Mike Kelley; 05 / Mike Kelley; 06 / Mike Kelley; | <urn:uuid:01d7af3a-2ca6-426c-967f-193955e70d92> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://www.fastcoexist.com/3028634/heres-what-one-day-of-1500-planes-taking-off-from-lax-looks-like | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719215.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00199-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.982255 | 460 | 1.679688 | 2 |
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