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Note: Sample below may appear distorted but all corresponding word document files contain proper formattingExcerpt from Essay:
Lentil as Anything: Pay as You Feel
As the world changes and capitalism takes over, a counter trend is also observed. In other words, in a world of profits, pressure and competition, there are some entities which militate for different values. They are non-profit agencies which promote human dignity and human rights and which strive to make the world a better place. Such an agency is Lentil as Anything.
Lentil as Anything is located in Melbourne, Australia, and it is based on the pay as you feel system. The three restaurants serve high quality and healthy vegetarian food and ask the customers to pay the amount they found to be worth the food and the experience. They also encourage the customers to donate to humanity purposes.
"Lentil as Anything is a series of 3 pay as you feel restaurants located in Melbourne, Australia. There are currently 3 restaurants in St. Kilda, Abbotsford and Footscray all serving healthy and delicious vegetarian food on a trust basis. The pay as you feel philosophy is simple -- we invite you to pay what you think the food and the experience is worth -- and invite you to also donate towards a philosophy that places human dignity above profit. All donations and payments are made into an anonymous box. Anonymity, in our view, preserves dignity and promotes trust and feelings of social inclusion" (Website of Lentil as Anything).
The current endeavor recognizes the humane benefits of Lentil as Anything, but seeks to assess the company through business lenses, specifically at the level of the quality of its managerial act. In the aftermath of the analysis, several recommendations would be forwarded for improvement.
2. The managerial act at Lentil as Anything
Lentil as Anything was founded by Shanaka Fernando after he had spent six years traveling through third world countries and getting accustomed to the cultures across the world. Lentil as Anything employed 400 staff members at its peak and feeds as estimated 1,500 people each day (Mehta, 2010). The restaurants do not have a price menu and the people are encouraged to pay the amount they felt the food was worth. There is no cash register and the money is simply put in a box with a whole in the lid (Documentary Australia Foundation). The owner and founder of the restaurants believes that this system encourages trust and his underlying and core hope is that of supporting the community.
The customers -- or the people who eat at Lentil as Anything -- are generally economically challenged, which means that they will be unlikely to afford or to pay the actual sum spent on the making of the foods they consume. For the company, this means that they would register decreased revenues. And while revenue registration is not the primary scope of the restaurant -- it being a not for profit entity -- fact remains that it does have to generate sufficient money so that it can support its activities (Czarnecki, 2005). The current system would as such be characterized as financially ineffective.
Another managerial element to be reviewed refers to the staff members. These are culturally diverse and often originate from regions other than Australia. The staff members would often be unskilled and faced with limited demands upon hiring. They are integrated in the organizational culture of community support and not judged based on performance criteria.
While the actual working environment, performance appraisals and career opportunities are inconsistent with those of an efficient economic agent, the high levels of workforce diversity are laudable. Diversity in the workplace is a growing phenomenon across the world and it is the result of the forces of globalization. The adequate management of the multicultural workforce is often a challenge for the economic agents, but it seems to have been well implemented by Shanaka Fernando. And in a context in which the proper management of workforce diversity represents an essential part in overall organizational success (Parvis, 2003), it can be argued that from this standpoint, Lentil as Anything develops a revolutionary managerial act.
A third aspect of the managerial act at Lentil as Anything is represented by the control and evaluation systems, which, from the standpoint of an efficient economic agent, could be perceived as inadequate.
"And the waiters and kitchen staff are nearly all from somewhere else. And no-one seems to be in charge. And there are no prices anywhere" (Documentary Australia Foundation).
This lack of control reveals a great sense of trust from the part of Shanaka Fernando. The owner appears to be trusting his staff to serve the needs of the people eating in the restaurants, but also to be managing the situations in the restaurants. This model reveals a rooted practice of employee empowerment, which is both advantageous as well as disadvantageous.
The modern day economic agents seek to empower the staff members as a means of motivating them. They as such try to eliminate the barriers of control and the vertical hierarchy, in order to stimulate the employees to take an active part in the change strategies developed and implemented by the firm (Ugboro, 2006). Attaining this objective is often difficult to for profit economic agents, who deal with various concomitant pressures, such as maintaining control and creating employee satisfaction. But in the case of Lentil as Anything, these difficulties seem to have been removed and the company appears to have attained the maximum level of employee empowerment.
But aside from the immediate sense of accomplishment with employee empowerment, fact remains that the high degrees of decentralization and complete lack of control and leadership among the staff members does generate a wide array of shortages. The most important of them are briefly presented below:
Decisions are more difficult to make as the opinions of all empowered employees are taken into consideration. The decision making process is as such complex and tedious.
Strategies are more difficult to be implemented as differences of opinion continue to exist.
The employees might be under-qualified to make the decisions or they could base their judgments on values different from those of the manager or different from the company values and goals
Not all of the empowered employees would be creative enough so that they are able to support a high quality decision making process
Change strategies are difficult to be implemented as the larger decision group would respond in a slower manner
Employee empowerment and inclusion in decision making creates precedents and it is then expected that employee participation be high in all organizational decisions (Levine, 1995).
But while from the standpoint of the for profit economic agent, this model of complete employee empowerment would be considered as ineffective, it would be perceived as appropriate at Lentil as Anything. And this is due to the nature of the operations completed by the institution, as well as the nature of the people which frequent the stores. Specifically, while not perceived as a charity organization, Fernando's pay as you feel restaurants are frequented by people who encounter social and economic problems. This specifically means that the employees must also act as social workers and counselors (Maribyrnon Leader, 2011). This also explains why it is accepted that they -- the employees -- are demanded to possess little business expertise.
3. Improvements to the management system at Lentil as Anything
As it has been mentioned throughout the previous section, the managerial act at Lentil as Anything is constructed around the promotion of community well-being. The company is not created to generate profits, but fact remains that it does have to generate funds in order to sustain itself. This subsequently implies that it is advisable for the restaurants to develop a new strategic approach in order to enhance its position. The recommendations regarding the new organization direction are divided into four different categories:
Staffs and teams
The first step which has to be taken is that of stimulating communication in both vertical as well as horizontal structures (Kenix, 2007). Such an endeavor would ensure that all stakeholders involved -- customers, employees, the public and so on -- are aware of company objectives, values and standpoints. Also, enhanced communications create a context in which the best decisions are made as the innovative ideas and creative standpoints of all parties involved are taken into consideration. Nevertheless, it must also be ensured that communications do not become redundant and as such create more disadvantages than advantages. In order to stimulate communication, the following actions could be implemented:
The creation of an organizational philosophy which promotes communications. Employees should as such be encouraged to speak their mind and forward their standpoints
The creation of an infrastructure which stimulates communications (Kaizen, 2008). This could refer to accessibility of mobile telephones, main telephone lines or internet through which the people can be reached
The preparation for interactions and communications and the increase in the access to information
The analysis of the situation to be communicated in order to stimulate efficiency
Gaining support from the…[continue]
"Lentil As Anything Pay As You Feel" (2011, May 14) Retrieved October 28, 2016, from http://www.paperdue.com/essay/lentil-as-anything-pay-you-feel-50911
"Lentil As Anything Pay As You Feel" 14 May 2011. Web.28 October. 2016. <http://www.paperdue.com/essay/lentil-as-anything-pay-you-feel-50911>
"Lentil As Anything Pay As You Feel", 14 May 2011, Accessed.28 October. 2016, http://www.paperdue.com/essay/lentil-as-anything-pay-you-feel-50911 | <urn:uuid:b8be5220-8959-4f45-9aaa-58c9921fdc49> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.paperdue.com/essay/lentil-as-anything-pay-you-feel-50911 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721595.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00477-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964395 | 1,923 | 1.875 | 2 |
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Cuisines of the World
Transcript of Cuisines of the World
Chinese food originated from the South of China using Cantonese style cooking and this style includes many common dishes such as stir-fry and chop-suey. Northern style cooking from Szechuan and Shanghai has started to be used in recent years. Each of these styles have grown over time due to factors such as geography, climate, history, lifestyle and cooking choices of the country. (SBS Food. 2008, July 01)
Cooking Chinese food can include food preparation techniques which are difficult to develop.
Here is 2 commonly used techniques:
Stir-Fry: The meat and vegetables are quickly stirred until cooked.
Steaming: Food is placed in bamboo containers that can be stacked to steam a variety of different foods. (Author unknown, 2008)
A variety of foods are prepared and eaten at festivals around China. Here is what is typically eaten at 2 popular festivals.
The Tangyuan is a rice ball filled with nuts, jujube or bean paste and mixed with sugar. They are eaten at The Spring Festival as a wish for reunion.
The Zongziis is a rice dumpling wrapped in bamboo or reed leaves and is eaten at The Dragon Boat Festival. (Bai, Mary. 2010, Oct 01)
Indian food has evolved with Indian history. All invaders left remarkable influence on Indian cuisine. Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa Civilization believed everything we eat affects our body and mind so food should be pure and balanced. Aryans developed caste system dividing food habits into vegetarian and non-vegetarian. Grain based cuisine and milk-based dessert evolved during Mauryan and Muslim period. Mughals introduced Seasonings and ‘Dum’ cooking. British brought Anglo-Indian cuisine and ‘High-tea’ tradition. These invasions have helped Indian cuisine to reach its present taste and quality. (Hyuck,2008)
Different Indian cooking techniques have specific terms. Most popular are Bhuno (Sautéing, stir frying, Stewing), Dum (steam cooking), Balcho (Pickling), Zammin doz (Cooking in ground with charcoal), Dhuanaar (smoke seasoning), Galavat (Tenderizing technique) and Baste (moistening meat). (Singh,2010)
Most Indian festivals have specific traditional recipes.
1. Vadai, Poli, steamed rice, dal and Chakkarainpongol are the
highlights of Pongal (Tamil Festival)
2. Bhang(alcoholic drink) made with rosewater and dried fruits is
associated with Holi (colour festival)
3. Moong Dal khichdi, Charachari, Tomato chutney and Payesh are the special
cuisines of Durga Puja (Bengali festival)
4. Sweets mark Diwali (light festival)
Greek dishes are kept simple, and rely on a few good quality, fresh ingredients. The history of Greece has had a great impact on traditional foods, such as olives, garlic, lemons and herbs have become the main ingredients or seasonings, which give Greek food its unique flavour.
Greek cuisine has been influenced by other cultures who invaded and settled in Greece and many foods are named after these cultures. Tzatziki (from the Turkish "cacik"), hummus (the Arabic word for chickpea) and dolmades (from the Turkish "dolma").
(An Introduction to Greek Food and Greek Cooking, n.d.)
Although they use similar ingredients that people use in other countries, it is the way the Greeks cook these foods, the methods they use that define them as Greek Cuisine.The most common cooking methods used by Greeks is boiling, frying, simmering and stewing (over wood-burning fires), grilling, and baking (in wood burning ovens). In addition to cooking, they also preserve foods by smoking, drying, salting, and preserving in syrups and fat.
(Ultimate guide to Greek Food, 2006.)
Religion plays a large role in the lives of the people of Greece, with most of them being christian orthodox most food festivals and traditions originate from religious holidays.
Easter is the holiest of all religious festivals in Greece. On Easter Saturday -whole lamb stuffed with a mixture of rice, ground meat, chopped lamb liver, tomato, chopped onion, pine nuts and cinnamon powder- is baked in a sealed clay pot. The door of the village outdoor oven is also sealed with cement or clay. The meat is slowly cooked until the Easter opened up after the second Resurrection is announced.
(Kauroulaki, M. 2013, May 9)
Ireland’s most renowned festival is St. Patrick’s Day, celebrated on the 17th of March. Guinness is considered a staple food on this day, often washing down traditional meals, including Irish stew, Corned beef and cabbage and Steak and Guinness pie.
The Galway Oyster Festival is Ireland’s most internationally recognised food festival. It is the world’s longest running Oyster extravaganza. Established in the 1950’s to celebrate a rich harvest in Galway Bay. It is held annually on the last weekend in September.
Irish food has evolved from a farming existence, dominated by potato, grain crops, dairy and animal products. The potato became the mainstay of the Irish diet after its introduction in the 1500’s, 'however this reliance caused a famine to occur when the crop's became diseased'. Black and White pudding comprising of animal blood remains a traditional addition to meals today.
With the continual wet and cold climate, simmering stews, meats and baking breads are popular. Seasonings and added flavour is basically salt and pepper with limited or no use of spices.
There is close to 200 countries in the world. All separated by factors such as nationality, belief and cuisine. Each country have their own foods they grow, cook and eat and their own unique style of cooking. Food is a big part of many festivals and celebrations across the globe.
Multi- Cultural tastes and encounters need no longer be limited to overseas travel. With a click of a button society has access to recipes and ideas that can transform your meal or celebration into an authentic, International Food Festival and experience.
There are several types of French cooking techniques/methods and they are Baking, Braising, Broiling, French-frying, Frying, Grilling, Poaching, Roasting, Sautéing and Flambéing. (Atchely, S., 2012).
France has many food festivals in many different provinces throughout France and throughout the year. One being the ‘Omnivore Food Festival’ (Mid March) in Paris with renowned chefs, rock-concert-like culinary demos and the ‘Omnivore Village’ which offers a public stage for today’s cuisine to be displayed, discovered and discussed. (Ehler, J. 1990-2013).
Until the end of the middle-ages, French cuisine resembled that of much of Europe. Food was salted, pickled and dried in order to make it last the barren months. However, it wasn’t until the 17th and 18th centuries that French cuisine began to resemble that which we know and love today, when a chef named Verenne began the fashion of reducing and refining the extravagant dishes served at the dining table of palaces and country manors. (Davis, K., 2012)
History -Harvey B. (1999 - 2013). Ireland Food Traditions and Culinary History.
Ireland: Culinary Background. Retrieved from -www.whats4eats.com/europe/ireland-cuisine-background. Accessed on 20 August 2013.
Landscape photo- Google Images - Irish landscapes- accessed 21 August 2013. Retrieved from fineartamenca.com
Cooking techniques -Allen D. (1995) The complete book of Irish Country Cooking: Traditional and
Wholesome recipes from Ireland. Retrieved from - www.foodbycountry.com/ Germany-to-Japan/Ireland.html. Accessed on 20 August 2013.
Irish Stew Image - Google Images - Irish Stew. Retrieved from -aussie-true-blue-recipes.
Festivals -Good Food Marketing Ireland Limited (2012)
Good Food Ireland. Retrieved from - goodfoodireland.ie/festiva. Accessed on the 20 August 2013.
McGuire K. (2013). Food events and Irish Food Festivals.
Retrieved from- www.anygivenfood.com/food-events-irish-food-festivals/. Accessed on the 20 August 2013.
Green Guiness picture - Retrieved from - Google Images - St. Patrick's Day traditional foods -
-SBS Food (2008, July 01.) About Chinese Food. Retrieved 24 August 2013 from
-Author unknown. Chinese cooking methods. Retrieved 25 August 2013 from
-Bai, Mary (2010, Oct 01) Traditional Food in Three Important Chinese Festivals. Retrieved 24 August 2013 from
-Carr, Dr Karen (2012, Oct 11). Women sitting on a k’ang bed in the 1980’s [image]. Retrieved 24 August 2013 from http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/china/architecture/chinesehouses2.htm.
-Stephen Jones, G (2012, June 18). Stir Fry Lesson for Home Cooks [image]. Retrieved 23 August 2013 from
-Author unknown (2011, Oct 10). Bamboo Steamer [image]. Retrieved 22 August 2013 from
-Bai, Mary (2010, Oct 01.) Traditional Food in Three Important Chinese Festivals [image]. Retrieved 24 August 2013 from http://cits.net/china-guide/china-traditions/chinese-traditional-foods.html.
Kavroulaki, M. (2012). “Language of taste”
Retrieved from www.historyofgreekfood.org
Ultimate Guide to Greek Food (2006).
An Introduction to Greek Food and Greek Cooking (n.d.)
Retrieved from www.greekfood.about.com
Jin Hyuck, L. (2013). WHKMLA : History of the Gastronomy of India. [online]
Retrieved from: http://www.zum.de/whkmla/sp/0910/jinhyuck/jinhyuck2.html#2
[Accessed: 16 August 2013].
Minmit (2011). Ancient indian kitchen utensils. [image online] Available at:
http://www.minmit.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/kitchen1.jpg [Accessed: 2 September 2013].
Singh, S. (2010). Cuisine India: Indian Cooking Methods. [online] Retrieved from: http://
www.cuisineindia.in/2010/02/welcome-to-cuisine-india.html [Accessed: 19 August 2013].
Kitchen Tantras (2013). Indian cooking techniques. [image online] Available at: http://
kitchentantras.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/Carolina-Cooking375.jpg [Accessed: 2 Sep 2013].
USA today (2000). Famous Food Festivals in India. [online] Retrieved from: http://traveltips.usatoday.com/
famous-food-festivals-india-10515.html [Accessed: 22 August 2013].
I Love India (n.d.). Pongal Recipes. [image online] Available at: http://festivals.iloveindia.com/pongal/pics/
pongal-recipes.jpg [Accessed: 22 August 2013].
Sensi Seeds (2013). Bhang. [image online] Available at: http://sensiseeds.com/en/blog/files/2013/06/
bhang-lassi-250x250.jpg [Accessed: 5 Sep 2013].
Saffron Streaks (2010). Durga Puja Special. [image online] Available at: http://
[Accessed: 22 August 2013].
Mom's Recipies (2009). Diwali Recipe. [image online] Available at:
JPG [Accessed: 22 August 2013].
(Carr, Dr Karen. 2012, Oct 11)
(Stephen Jones, G. 2012, June 18)
(Author unknown. 2011, Oct 10)
(Bai, Mary. 2010, Oct 01)
(Davis K., 2012, retrieved from
(Atchley S. 2012 Retrieved from
(Ehler, J.,1990 - 2013 retrieved from
Pics from Google.com (unknown authors)
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Prompt: Write about your experiences with social networking tools for genealogy purposes. Do you use MySpace, Facebook or Twitter? Are you a wiki kind of person? None of the above? Tell readers about your experiences with these tools and watch your social network grow.
I'm not cool, but I don't care.
Social media may appear to be for the young and not the young at heart, but to hear my kids complain about it - now the 'old' people are taking over. I think that it bothers them that I'm on Facebook.
Facebook has allowed me to connect with old friends, relatives and co-workers easily and for free. For the genealogist, social media allows you to connect with fellow researchers and family by sharing your photos and blogs to a wider audience. I've been able to make new friends and trade research ideas, as well as discover a few new cousins online through my Facebook connections.
Because of these Facebook connections, I've been able to share photos of ancestors and tombstones I've taken for Find-A-Grave as well as share memories with living cousins. Fellow genealogists have helped with lookups of information in distant locales after reading my posts and have offered suggestions for further research.
I have my blog posts linked to appear on my Facebook page as 'Notes' so that all of my networked friends will have the ability to read what has been posted without accessing my blog. This exposes my research to my friends and relatives who may not have been aware that I was blogging. Often I use the 'Networked Blogs' application as well to periodically highlight a particular post.
I haven't ventured into the Twitter waters yet, but if I do, I'm sure that I will enjoy that technology as well.
Overall, my experience with social networking and genealogy research has been a positive one. I have been able to expose my blog and my research to a wider audience and have received positive feedback. I've also received research tips and offers of help. Some of my Facebook friends that are not genealogists have asked for tips on how to start their own family history research, and my far-flung cousins are able to read about my research through my linked blog posts.
I would highly recommend using social media as another tool to put your research out there. You never know what genealogical treasure may be turned up through these casual connections, and the friendships that develop can enrich your life and expand your research. | <urn:uuid:37adf28c-d395-4083-b4aa-fc06620daf46> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://tjlgenes.blogspot.com/2009/08/weekly-genealogy-blogging-prompt-30.html?showComment=1256349233197 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718423.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00270-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.975363 | 507 | 1.757813 | 2 |
Global and regional
FAO is working with national authorities in China and the region as well as the international scientific community to support member country efforts to ensure preparedness for and response to this event. Areas of support include:
FAO collaborated with scientific experts from around the world to assess the risks posed by this event to member countries. Risk assessment activities included the preparation of a global risk assessment document and support to member countries in producing national risk assessments. The output of these activities filtered into improved surveillance options for enhanced risk management actions. FAO risk assessment summaries are available.
FAO developed risk management options for national authorities to utilize when deciding how to address H7N9 in their countries. FAO also assisted member countries with updating their animal disease contingency plans. These options included short- and medium-term control interventions and their ramifications along the poultry value chain. FAO risk management guidelines are available.
FAO increased support to member countries in the region by preparing updated guidance on surveillance. Building on lessons learned from past animal influenza events, FAO adapted these guidelines to the novel avian influenza A(H7N9) virus. FAO surveillance guidelines are available.
Laboratory and diagnostics
As part of the OIE/FAO Network of Expertise on Animal Influenza (OFFLU), FAO experts analysed genetic sequences to determine virus characteristics, including susceptibility to antivirals (e.g. Tamiflu) and mammalian adaption. Under OFFLU, FAO also gathered information from reference laboratories on laboratory protocols for virus detection (see Diagnostic Tests). FAO Laboratory protocols and algorithms are available.
FAO Reference Centres and FAO national and regional offices worked on providing specific diagnostic tools to the region. FAO developed these tools to help authorities more readily detect this virus, thereby improving the efficacy of surveillance activities. In addition, FAO planned to provide procurement guidance so laboratories in the region can ensure they have the equipment and materials necessary to detect the virus. FAO reference centres are providing positive control material (e.g. inactivated H7N9 virus) to laboratories in the region.
FAO also gathered data on how the virus is behaving in various animal species. Areas of investigation included clinical signs (i.e. pathogenicity), virus shedding and virus transmission. FAO advised on appropriate serological tests to be implemented to uncover previous or current presence of the virus in order to target surveillance activities in specific areas (e.g. markets and farms).
FAO is coordinating efforts with the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) and the World Health Organization (WHO). As the lead United Nations (UN) agency on animal influenza, FAO is working closely with the Office of the UN System Influenza Coordination (UNSIC).
The FAO office in China has established an incident coordination team and is linking with Chinese veterinary authorities to provide technical expertise. As a first activity, the FAO team is working with local authorities to implement a market chain analysis combined with risk-based surveillance. This includes the analysis of poultry trade routes, in hopes of better understanding possible virus movement through poultry trading. | <urn:uuid:84326e52-3c79-49b1-8e3a-05dcaa0221ce> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.fao.org/AG/AGAInfo/programmes/en/empres/H7N9/FAO_Actions.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00467-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.908305 | 642 | 2.703125 | 3 |
"We should not engage with Pakistan unless you are absolutely certain of the outcome... I repeatedly tell (this to) my interlocutors with all my experience in dealing with Pakistan," Sinha said
He said he had come to the conclusion that engagement with Pakistan leading to a positive result was just not possible.
The BJP leader said that not talking to Pakistan won't lead to war. "The immediate consequence of not talking to Pakistan is not going to be a war with Pakistan. Certainly not a nuclear war.
"I hold the view that there is a big space between not talking and war. India and Pakistan can live in that space. The only problem is Pakistan indulges in cross border terrorism of which there is enough evidence."
He also accused Pakistan of being in a state of denial.
"For everything Pakistan blames India. For every argument that we will advance, they will have a counter argument. For every dossier, they will have a counter dossier.
"So it is not possible to talk with Pakistan. Because Pakistan is in a constant state of denial and will not accept any allegation even that 'jinda saboot' our external affairs minister talked about," Sinha said.
External Affairs Minister Sushma Swaraj on Saturday said Pakistan was running away from the talks as India had caught a Pakistani terrorist after the Udhampur terrror attack in Jammu and Kashmir.
Sinha said: "Pakistan has a habit of going back the next day on every written agreement that we arrive at.
"Pakistan misinterpreted the Shimla agreement, also ignored the January 2006 joint statement. They are misinterpreting Ufa, which clearly says NSA-level talks will be on all aspects of terrorism. I'm entirely with the government."
The NSA-level talks between India and Pakistan were called off on Saturday as Islamabad insisted it will take up the "core" issue of Kashmir. India said Islamabad must abide by the agenda agreed to at Ufa, Russia, and only discuss terrorism.
Pakistan's National Security Advisor Sartaj Aziz was to travel to India on Sunday for talks with his Indian counterpart Ajit Doval. | <urn:uuid:db34ca41-008c-4c38-b0c4-45eadd727cf8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.oneindia.com/india/no-point-talking-to-pakistan-yashwant-sinha-1846975.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281746.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00284-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.969 | 438 | 1.5625 | 2 |
A new design could help thermoelectric materials find broader use.
Engineers have long dreamed of harvesting waste heat from a microchip or car engine and turning it into usable electricity. But thermoelectric materials, which convert heat into electricity, have never been efficient enough to move beyond a few niche applications.
Now researchers at Caltech have demonstrated new materials that could boost the efficiency of thermoelectric devices. They’ve demonstrated the design using silicon, but say it should improve the performance of other thermoelectric materials, too.
A good thermoelectric material conducts electricity very well but conducts heat poorly. But most naturally occurring materials that conduct electricity well also conduct heat well. So researchers in the Caltech group, led by chemistry professor James Heath, have tried to make nanoscale designs that sever the relationship between thermal and electrical conductivity in abundant materials such as silicon.
In 2008, Heath’s group showed that arrays of silicon nanowires are as efficient at converting heat into electricity as the more exotic materials used in commercial thermoelectric devices. The nanowires are highly conductive to electricity, but they divert heat by causing packets of heat energy called phonons to bounce off. But the efficiency boost wasn’t sufficient enough to make these materials viable for widespread use.
Now the Caltech researchers have come up with a new nanoscale design for thermoelectric materials. They believe their design works by a different mechanism–instead of diverting the phonons, it slows them down considerably. The researchers have demonstrated the nanomesh design in thin films of silicon riddled with a regular array of nanoscale pores. Compared to an unpatterned silicon film, the nanomesh conducts 10 times less heat. These results are described in the journal Nature Nanotechnology.
Further experiments are needed to verify the total thermoelectric efficiency of the nanomesh and to establish why it is such a good thermal insulator. The researchers say that the patterned silicon is a metamaterial–that is, it exhibits properties not found in naturally occurring materials. “We’ve managed to tap into the wave nature of phonons to slow them down,” says Caltech researcher Slobodan Mitrovic.
The researchers need to do more experiments to prove that the material is indeed slowing down phonons, or to establish how it actually works. In addition, the group is developing the chemical-etching technique they used to make the nanomeshes in silicon to apply it to other thermoelectric materials that are more efficient to start with. | <urn:uuid:2551e216-a2e9-45ed-8535-4e1ff0ac9bd5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.technologyreview.com/s/421047/heat-harvesting-nanomaterials/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280128.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00388-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.935134 | 533 | 3.9375 | 4 |
It is a remote, sheltered bay of mainly shingle, sand and pebble, approximately 140 metres wide and surrounded by high cliffs. The Crackington Stream flows onto the beach.
Crackington Haven Beach is on the Pentire Point - Widemouth Heritage Coast, and adjacent to the South West Coast Path.
Cove Sand Shingle
|Chance of rain||0%|
|Chance of rain||0%|
|Max UV Index|
The tide at Crackington Haven Beach is currently falling. Low tide will be at approximately 12:00 AM tomorrow, and the next high tide will be at approximately 6:58 AM tomorrow.
Today's air pollution levels are forecast to be ModerateDetailed weather and tides »
Romantic Rustic Cornwall Lodge
From £415.00 per week at Holidaycottages.co.uk
Rural Cornwall House
From £620.00 per week at Holidaycottages.co.uk
82 The Square
From £2896.00 per week at Sykes Holiday Cottages
From £2090.00 per week at Sykes Holiday Cottages
From £3787.00 per week at Sykes Holiday Cottages
Rural Cornwall Barn
From £443.00 per week at Holidaycottages.co.uk
The Gildhouse, Poundstock (1.1 miles)
Rebel Cinema (4.3 miles)
Beeny Cliff & Pentargon Falls Path Walk (4.4 miles)
Boscastle Visitors Centre (4.4 miles)
The Museum of Witchcraft and Magic (4.4 miles)
Boscastle - South West Coast Path walk (4.4 miles)
Boscastle Harbour (4.7 miles)
Freewave Surf Academy - Day Adventures (4.9 miles)
Rocky Valley (6.3 miles)
All distances are approximate
around 5 miles northeast as the seagull flies, around 8 miles by road.
around 7 miles north-northeast as the seagull flies, around 11 miles by road.
around 5 miles southwest as the seagull flies, around 6 miles by road.
around 7 miles southwest as the seagull flies, around 9 miles by road.
around 9 miles southwest as the seagull flies, around 15 miles by road.
Location: Crackington Haven
Location type: Village
OS Grid: SX142968
Local Authority: Cornwall
Parish: St. Gennys
Nearest postcode: EX23 0JG
(for sat-nav purposes only, a beach does not have a postal address!)
Important! Beach information is compiled from a variety of different sources and is correct to the best of our knowledge at the time of compilation. However, information may be incorrectly supplied by our sources or go out of date after publication. BritishBeaches.uk makes no warranty as to the accuracy of any information on this page.
(Or après-beach. Or pre-beach. Or, just because you might want stuff)
Regatta Carmichael Down Jacket
Only £45.00 from OutdoorGear UK
Weird Fish Trinity Organic Cotton Short Sleeve T-Shirt Majolica Blue Size 22
Only £14.00 from Weird Fish | <urn:uuid:9ea67623-fc12-4e79-8b57-80140c3c2f4d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://britishbeaches.uk/crackington-haven-beach-cornwall-england | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571502.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811194507-20220811224507-00074.warc.gz | en | 0.88454 | 772 | 1.78125 | 2 |
Harry Baxter is an artist who creates images that explore the social narratives of being a human. As the planet's most dominant species we have evolved to enjoy a monopoly over all of the world's creatures and natural resources. Never has there been a time in history where our influence, and our understanding of it, has been so crucial.
Modern science has proven we share genetic code with both the great apes and the humble fruit fly. We share so much common ancestory with the natural world, yet we actively choose to distance ourselves from it. When we do engage with it, we do so on our own terms; sculpting and manicuring it to suit our needs. It is this tension which is captured in Baxter's work. The tension between nature and humanity, tradition and technology, religion and science. It occupies the space between comedy and tragedy, taking parts from both but aligning itself to neither.
Images are composed of the familiar and the enigmatic, ransacked from our rich visual heritage. Imagery taken from popular culture, fine art or advertising is then reconstructed in a fresh and original manner. There is a proportion of the work that could be described as belonging to the 'Singerie' genre, a tradition which dates back to the Sixteenth Century, depicting apes and monkeys engaging in anthropomorphic behaviour as a form of social satire. | <urn:uuid:8f6aca7d-d1ca-4a17-98d3-6d6384a718e1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.harry-baxter.com/statement | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570741.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808001418-20220808031418-00079.warc.gz | en | 0.953385 | 273 | 2.296875 | 2 |
|The entertainment systems used to
view patient’s records at their besides.
Sheffield Children’s NHS Foundation Trust is planning to revolutionise access to patient records with a system that enables medics to view them via the hospital’s beside interactive system.
Quest Software and ANS Group have delivered a virtual desktop, which will serve up to 2,000 named users. The desktop will allow clinicians to access and update patient records at the bedside in real-time.
The trust is rolling out a bespoke bedside interactive system, supported by its charity, the Children’s Hospital Charity. The terminals will be used by its patients for entertainment, while taking on their new function. They also provide educational facilities for teachers.
Russell Bank, head of IT, told E-Health Insider: “We knew this was an area we wanted to develop a long time ago, so we waited and didn’t go with the national guidance on Patientline.
“We now have two devices made-up. At the end of March, ANS are helping us set-up the software in our intensive care unit. This seemed like a prime place to start, with fewer children needing their entertainment systems and doctors being able to get important information, such as x-rays, instantly up on the screen.”
The solution that has been developed allows a Microsoft Windows service to run inside a virtual machine. The interactive systems communicate with a virtualised data centre via a web interface. This gives medics access to the virtual infrastructure and patient records.
Staff no longer have to rely on the PCs in the ward, allowing records to be updated faster, and increasing the amount of space at the nurses stations.
To use the virtual desktop, medical staff insert NHS Connecting for Health smartcards and a unique pass-code. The smartiD authentication, provided by ANS Group, ensures that the desktop is only available when the smartcard is inserted. No data is left on the terminal when the smartcard is removed.
Bank added: “We already have the terminals and the smartcards and will eventually have all 144 virtual desktops running. We’re just struggling to find the time to set-up them up at the moment.”
Joe Baguley, chief technology officer, Europe, for Quest Software said: “Enabling medical and nursing staff to instantly update patient records in real time enhances patient confidence in the NHS, allowing patients to see for themselves the attention and hard work clinical staff put in to ensure patients get the best treatment possible.” | <urn:uuid:b438cca2-3c93-425a-970e-43ac978e819e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.digitalhealth.net/2009/03/sheffield-puts-records-on-bedside-terminals/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00071.warc.gz | en | 0.923194 | 536 | 1.960938 | 2 |
ILADS has taken the bold step from staying under the radar to leading the way to better LYME treatment. Today many “expert” Lyme doctors are training Medical doctors to recognize Lyme, basic treatment with written treatment guidelines. You can download the Treatment Guidelines yourself, I look forward to reading.
In theory it sounds good for Lyme suffers looking for a diagnosis. My question is how can a Medical doctor take one short course and spend a week shadowing an “expert” prepare them to treat a complex diseases which manifest itself differently in each individual. I agree some knowledge is better than no knowledge.
Below are the opportunities for physicians to participate in ILADS coursework. M
The International Lyme and Associated Diseases Education Foundation is a sister organization of ILADS. Its missions are to train physicians in the diagnosis and treatment of Lyme and tick-borne disease, and to support research scientists investigating tick-borne diseases.
Additional Learning Opportunities for Medical Providers
Physician Training Program
ILADEF and ILADS are committed to supporting medical professionals as they take on the challenges in evaluating and treating patients with tick-borne diseases. Lyme disease and other tick-borne infections are complex illnesses which can be difficult to diagnose and challenging to treat effectively. This is especially true for patients with chronic Lyme disease or multiple infections.
ILADEF’s training program provides a foundation in the evidence-based treatment of Lyme and associated diseases, and directly addresses commonly encountered diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This intensive, one-to-two week program places trainee-physicians in the clinical offices of experts, where they learn how to evaluate and treat patients for Lyme and other tick-borne diseases in a real world setting that allows physicians to appreciate diverse and often subtle presentations of tick-borne disease. Participants will return to practice with enhanced clinical skills and an integrated, nuanced approach to directing treatment. The program is appropriate for, and tailored to meet, the educational needs of its participants, no matter their general experience level or familiarity with tick-borne disease. | <urn:uuid:a85c72de-0baa-4a23-986e-f5503c1a57eb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://lookingforthelight.blog/2018/09/06/lyme-progress-5-trends/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00278.warc.gz | en | 0.943796 | 421 | 2.359375 | 2 |
This feature allows you to put your actions on hold for a specified amount of time before sending data to another app. It empowers you to schedule emails, receive notifications when tasks are incomplete, send automatic follow-ups, and automate additional chores on your agenda.
Microsoft Outlook is a web-based suite of webmail that helps you to connect all of your messages, contacts, tasks, and appointments in one convenient place.Microsoft Outlook Integrations
Microsoft Outlook + Delay By ConnectDelay For in Delay By Connect when New Contact is created in Microsoft Outlook Read More...
Microsoft Outlook + Delay By ConnectDelay Until in Delay By Connect when New Contact is created in Microsoft Outlook Read More...
Microsoft Outlook + Delay By ConnectDelay For in Delay By Connect when New Email is created in Microsoft Outlook Read More...
Microsoft Outlook + Delay By ConnectDelay Until in Delay By Connect when New Email is created in Microsoft Outlook Read More...
Microsoft Outlook + Delay By ConnectDelay For in Delay By Connect when New Calendar Event is created in Microsoft Outlook Read More...
It's easy to connect Delay By Connect + Microsoft Outlook without coding knowledge. Start creating your own business flow.
Triggers at a specified time before an event in your calendar starts.
Triggers when an event is added to you selected calendar.
Triggers every time a new contact is added.
Triggers whenever a new email is received.
Triggers every time an event is updated.
Waits for a set amount of time before completing your Actions.
Waits to run your Actions until a date or time that you choose.
Create a new contact to your Office 365 account.
Create an event directly on your designated calendar.
Send an email from your Outlook account.
Delay By Connect is an application that was developed in order to provide users with the ability to delay emails that they receive in Microsoft Outlook. The main purpose of Delay By Connect is to help individuals with their email management and ensure that they are able to prioritize the emails that are important to them. One of the main issues that individuals face when dealing with emails is Outlook getting overwhelmed if too many emails are received at once. This causes the emails to get lost, which is exactly what Delay By Connect aims to prevent.
Microsoft Outlook is a desktop email client that is available on Windows operating systems. It was first released by Microsoft in 1998 and has since become one of the most popular email clients on the market. Many organizations use Outlook to send and receive business-related emails, but it can also be used for personal use.
Delay By Connect works with Microsoft Outlook in several ways. First, it will allow users to delay emails for a specified amount of time. For instance, if an email comes in at 9 AM, it could be delayed until noon or 1 PM. Users have full contrp over how long they want to delay their emails. They can even set different delays on different days of the week. Another way that Delay By Connect works with Outlook is that it can be used with rules. Users can create rules that will ensure that their emails are always delayed and that they do not get lost in their inboxes. Lastly, Delay By Connect and Outlook can communicate and sync through the cloud service, Office 365. This allows users to access their emails from any computer and ensures that they do not need to worry about losing an email because their computer crashed.
Integrating Delay By Connect and Microsoft Outlook offers many benefits because it will allow users to manage their email more efficiently and reliably. If you are using Delay By Connect and Microsoft Outlook together, you will know which emails are important to you and which ones are not so important. You will also be able to manage your emails better and ensure that nothing gets lost or overlooked.
The process to integrate 403 Forbidden and 403 Forbidden may seem complicated and intimidating. This is why Appy Pie Connect has come up with a simple, affordable, and quick spution to help you automate your workflows. Click on the button below to begin. | <urn:uuid:50acd8b2-15ab-46d8-9e54-f257d5a35b2a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.appypie.com/connect/apps/delay-by-connect/integrations/microsoft-outlook | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00070.warc.gz | en | 0.942387 | 853 | 1.796875 | 2 |
2 GW Irish floating wind farm planned to power green hydrogen, ammonia production
The Killybegs Fishermen’s Organisation and Sinbad Marine Services have proposed a floating wind farm to be built more than 50 kilometres offshore Donegal, Ireland, and have signed a Memorandum of Understanding with Swedish floating wind developer and technology provider, Hexicon, to bring the project to realisation.
The partners plan to submit an application for Phase Two Marine Area Consent (MAC) under the new Marine Area Planning Act in Ireland and intend to use part of the energy generated by the floating wind farm – which is planned to have a capacity of up to 2 GW – to produce green fuels such as hydrogen or ammonia.
The green fuels could be used to power the fishing fleet whilst also contributing to energy security for the port and local community, an initiative that will require some 6,400 tonnes of hydrogen annually.
The remainder of the energy produced by the floating wind farm would be connected to the national grid and contribute to Ireland’s target of 5 GW from offshore energy by 2030.
First time ‘fundamentally opposed’ sectors collaborate on an offshore wind project
The partnership says that it is predicated on a ‘new approach’ which sees local fishermen engaged and influencing the development process from the onset.
“This is the first time in offshore wind that key players from several fundamentally-opposed sectors have come together to collaborate on a project with a common objective”, the three parties stated in their joint press release from 26 June.
Key decisions, including site selection, cable routing and landfall, will be collectively analysed and agreed. Similarly, other stakeholders, including environmental organisations will also be given input at an early stage in shaping the location and design of the floating wind farm.
The port operator and marine service provider, Sinbad Marine, will ensure the floating offshore wind project maximises its engagement with local industry and leverages local infrastructure, the new partners said.
The focus of the Memorandum of Understanding with Hexicon is for the parties involved to cooperate and agree on solutions which are mutually beneficial for the development of a wind farm which does not negatively impact the fishing industry nor the marine environment, while contributing to the transformation of local and global energy supply chains, according to the new partners.
“We at the KFO, weren’t interested in being presented with a fait accompli nor lines drawn on maps by any prospective developer. In signing this MoU, we have guaranteed that we will be at the centre of a project which has the potential to be an economically-transformative”, said Seán O’Donoghue, CEO of the KFO.
“Offshore wind is coming and with the KFO seeking out a ‘new approach’ to partnering with a suitable developer, we have put ourselves in pole position to harness a historic opportunity for the North West”.
Hexicon has its own patented technology – TwinWind – which consists of a floating foundation with two turbines. The twin-turbine design is said to enable more turbines per sea area, which increases the energy yield and reduces the environmental impact.
However, the company and its partners in Ireland did not specify which technology would be used for their project off Donegal.
Register for Offshore Energy Exhibition & Conference: | <urn:uuid:77adfaeb-c405-4773-9437-6ea5307d08e2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.offshore-energy.biz/2-gw-irish-floating-wind-farm-planned-to-power-green-hydrogen-ammonia-production/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817032054-20220817062054-00470.warc.gz | en | 0.935943 | 684 | 1.664063 | 2 |
Welcome to landscapes by Jack Stuppin
Catskill Moon is truly a masterpiece. It really deserves to be in a museum.
—Susan Landauer, art historian and author of several books on California art
Catskill Moon, 2013. Oil on canvas, 52.0625 x 64.1875 inches.
The Hudson Valley landscape in Catskill Moon, with its seemingly innumerable facets making beautiful symphonic music together . . . is the prelapsarian paradise of tranquility Stuppin has been longing for after years of living on the edge in California. If ripeness is all, then Stuppin’s art has ripened into innocence. His is a child’s vision of nature, reminding us of . . . Baudelaire’s remark that “genius is childhood recovered at will.” The sun may have set, but the moon is brighter than ever.
—Donald Kuspit, Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Art History and Philosophy at the State University
of New York at Stony Brook. He is a contributing editor at Artforum International Magazine.
He has written more than twenty books about art history and criticism. | <urn:uuid:d59f965c-7fb6-440a-93ff-d6b6131ebcef> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.jackstuppin.com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720475.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00354-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.907614 | 244 | 1.78125 | 2 |
The Affect in Play Scale-Preschool version is a semi-structured measure of cognitive and affective pretend play processes using a 5 min standardized play task devised for preschool children. This study investigated an extension of the scale in a sample of 333 children, aged 6–10 years. Participants were assessed using another measure of play processes, the Affect in Play Scale, a divergent thinking task, the Alternate Uses Test, a measure of school coping, the School Coping measure, and a measure of empathy, the Index of Empathy for Children. External validity with these measures was investigated, using correlational analyses. Construct validity of the scale was assessed using a confirmatory factor analysis approach. A correlated two-factor structure with a cognitive and an affective factor demonstrated the best fit. Implications for the use of this extension to assess cognitive and affective processes in pretend play and developmental outcomes were discussed. | <urn:uuid:6b084af7-1ff2-4d21-88d9-f5e20cd4bdc7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mijn.bsl.nl/affect-in-play-scale-preschool-version-validation-on-a-sample-of/10599162 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570913.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809064307-20220809094307-00073.warc.gz | en | 0.935714 | 183 | 2.46875 | 2 |
Welcome to the Miscarriages of Justice Society! What are miscarriages of justice? A miscarriage of justice is defined as “a failure of a court or judicial system to attain the ends of justice, especially one which results in the conviction of an innocent person.” Miscarriages of justice are a global problem with more innocent people being convicted each year and serving often lengthy prison sentences for crimes they did not commit. Who are we?We are a group of students passionate about raising awareness of injustices in the criminal justice system. Our main aim is to highlight such injustices by encouraging students to think critically of the criminal process and become involved with righting the wrongs in the criminal process. We do this by hosting interesting guest talks with speakers including legal professionals, campaigners and the wrongly convicted. We also run visits to courts (both domestic and international), host charity fundraisers and host exciting social events for likeminded people to find close friends. We are closely linked with the Innocence Project London (IPL), a pro-bono service ran within the University of Greenwich. The IPL has student caseworkers who work on real cases in which convicted individuals proclaim their innocence. | <urn:uuid:a11ccde3-cbd8-4cf7-9986-463ca2a94c30> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://web.huzzle.app/societies/miscarriages-of-justice | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.959153 | 251 | 2.46875 | 2 |
|Republican Congressman Jason Chaffetz|
So, you have to wonder about House Oversight Committee Chairman Jason Chaffetz's decision to schedule a hearing for the anti-LGBT "First Amendment Defense Act" (also known as FADA) on July 12 - exactly one month to the day that the nation was rocked by the deadliest mass shooting incident (and the worst anti-LGBT hate crime) in the history of the country.
The legislation would allow anyone who claims "deeply-held religious beliefs" the right to legally discriminate against LGBT folks.
The bill was introduced in the House last year, and has had no movement since. So, it's odd that Chaffetz would now decide to hold a hearing, except to present his "dog and pony show" as an election year stunt to placate anti-LGBT Americans.
According to the official summary for the bill, the First Amendment Defense Act "prohibits the federal government from taking discriminatory action against a person on the basis that such person believes or acts in accordance with a religious belief or moral conviction that: (1) marriage is or should be recognized as the union of one man and one woman, or (2) sexual relations are properly reserved to such a marriage." | <urn:uuid:db624193-75c9-473d-9d2f-e4f9fadd7ba5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://randyreport.blogspot.com/2016/06/house-committee-schedules-anti-lgbt.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280483.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00297-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.977177 | 248 | 1.90625 | 2 |
Joint Forcible Entry Operations
Amphib Landings Obsolete?
On June 6, 2010, we celebrated the 66th anniversary of D-Day in Europe. It was the largest amphibious operations of all time. More than 170,00 troops landed on a 50-mile stretch of beach on the French Normandy Coast paving the way for the liberation of Europe.
It was a classic example of modern amphibious warfare - land where the enemy least expects it.
Unfortunately, this exceptional major U.S. capability is lost on many in Washington, D.C., who think we have seen the last of amphibious landings.
To quote a famous Greek philosopher “only the dead have seen the last of war.”
Only the blind have seen the last of amphibious warfare. | <urn:uuid:b1485ca4-e083-4775-97f9-42d0d80888e9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://littlegreenfootballs.com/page/217009_Joint_Forcible_Entry_Operation | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573908.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820043108-20220820073108-00268.warc.gz | en | 0.933464 | 166 | 2.484375 | 2 |
The BootROM uses the linear mode to access the first 16MB of the QSPI flash to look for the boot image.
There are limitations on where the boot image could be placed if QSPI flash larger than 16MB is used with the optional Execute-in-Place mode.
The QSPI linear mode read command (6bh) might not get the correct data for the first 4 bytes.
Looking at the following figure, the incorrect 4 bytes of data are from the upper 16MB of memory.
This is a known behavior of the QSPI controller in linear mode.
In the normal QSPI boot mode (not XIP), the first 4 bytes of BootROM header are not used, and checksum is only calculated from 0x020 to 0x044.
So the incorrect data can be ignored. QSPI will boot without issues.
However, if QSPI boots with XIP, the first word is used to remap the flash linear address space.
The following applies only when RSA Authentication is used on QSPI flashes larger than 16MB in single x2 or x4, dual-stacked x4, and dual-parallel x4 configurations.
The boot image cannot be placed at 0x0 offset in the flash when using a QSPI device larger than 16MB with the optional Execute-in-Place mode. | <urn:uuid:7293079d-f4ec-4f01-8ba9-89dc1a7fd1d8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.xilinx.com/support/answers/60803.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280065.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00542-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.830146 | 287 | 1.726563 | 2 |
Here at Muslim Aid, we have a multitude of projects to share blessings and assist vulnerable people in fighting poverty this Ramadan. Although we should be making an effort to donate to charitable causes throughout the year, Ramadan charity is more important than ever. Your Ramadan donations can make the difference between life and death for millions of vulnerable families across the globe.
In addition to the aid that you provide for vulnerable communities, many personal rewards can be reaped from Ramadan giving. Since this is the time in which great focus is placed on making sacrifices in the name of Allah (SWT), donating allows us to adhere to the teachings of Ramadan.
When it comes to finding charities to donate to in Ramadan, Muslim Aid should always be considered.
The first of our projects that you can donate to during Ramadan, or any time of the year, is our Need is Greatest Appeal. By donating to this project, you enable us to deliver relief to the vulnerable, elderly, orphans, and widows in the poorest areas of the world.
As a result of natural disasters, war, and the COVID-19 pandemic, 68 million people have found themselves displaced from their homes. Each of these individuals is struggling to survive, and they rely on your charitable contributions just to get by. Your donations are distributed amongst those who require the most immediate support, from those who have been abandoned to those who are suffering from grief.
Another one of our projects is our Global Emergency Appeal, which allows us to respond urgently to any disasters. In the instance of an emergency, delays can be deadly. Innocent people find themselves scared, injured, trapped, and in danger, meaning that speed is essential in getting help to these individuals.
Your donations allow us to reach these endangered communities within 72 hours to distribute medical care, sanitation, shelter, water, and food. We make it our mission to be wherever we’re needed - regardless of the situation. Despite this, we need your donations to make this happen.
It’s a fact of life that everyone needs clean water to survive, which is why we established our Safe Water Project. Every two minutes, a child dies from a water-related disease, making a lack of safe drinking water one of the biggest threats to those living in poverty. Your Ramadan donations allow us to give water to some of the 2.1 billion individuals that are unable to access safe drinking water.
Water is a basic human right which makes it even more devastating that so many people are forced to go without, leading to disease, dehydration, and death. In order to shelter the vulnerable from hardship, they simply can’t go without water.
Sadaqah Jariyah is a form of Islamic voluntary charity that provides vulnerable individuals with ongoing benefits, such as paying for a child’s education so that they can go on to teach others. Ramadan is the ideal time to pay Sadaqah Jariyah as not only will you supply someone in need with long-term aid, but you’ll be rewarded by Allah (SWT) for your generosity.
There’s no denying that children are the future, and it’s our responsibility to provide them with the foundations to thrive. Your donations can enable a child to reach their full potential, which is why we established our Child Sponsorship Project.
With your charitable donations, we’ve been able to provide almost 50,000 children with an education in the last 14 years. We’re well-equipped in placing children within protected environments alongside caregivers that are able to respond to the complex and ever-changing needs of children. No one deserves security this Ramadan more than innocent children.
Another way in which you can shelter the vulnerable this Ramadan is by donating to our Fight Poverty Project. Instead of providing struggling families with temporary financial relief, our Fight Poverty Appeal is designed to empower communities through the teaching of essential skills to generate income. In doing so, we make it our mission to build brighter futures where individuals can develop and sustain themselves in a dignified manner.
Although monetary donations can provide families with the temporary aid that they need, this eventually runs out and they are forced into feeling reliant on others. The value of independence can’t be matched, which is why we deem our Fight Poverty Project so valuable.
There’s nothing scarier than falling ill and not having the means to help yourself, which is why we established our Medical Aid Project. Despite this, roughly half of the population is unable to access basic medical care, leading to deaths from the likes of malaria and TB. These deaths are completely preventable, and we require your donations to reach these individuals before it’s too late. Similarly, we can use your money to help deliver babies safely and respond to emergency situations.
Medical aid is a human right, not a luxury. Still, the financial situation of millions leaves them incapable of accessing it. This aid is required to shelter the vulnerable this Ramadan.
Without education, poor children across the globe are simply unable to break the vicious cycle of poverty. As a result, we established our Education Project to shelter children from the threats of poverty worldwide. Every child should have the opportunity to learn, grow, aspire, and achieve a bright future. Whether you support one child through their education or empower an entire community, your donations to our Education Appeal are absolutely life-changing.
We accept your donations all year round, but we especially encourage you to contribute to our charitable causes during Ramadan. Fulfil your religious duties and donate to Muslim Aid today. | <urn:uuid:53ff5164-4a11-47dd-a424-b2b6a6fd4254> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.muslimaid.org/media-centre/blog/sheltering-the-vulnerable-during-ramadan/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572198.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815175725-20220815205725-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.948345 | 1,132 | 2.046875 | 2 |
Abies Balsamea. Balsam fir, Canada balsam.
Balsam Spruce, Balsam of Gilead, American Silver Fir.
Description: Natural Order, Coniferae. Abies balsamifera of Micheaux; Pinus balsamea of Linnaeus; Picea of Loudon.
Genus ABIES: Staminate catkins more or less clustered toward the ends, of the branches; scales peltate; stamens short, often sessile. Fertile cones erect, growing laterally upon the branches; scales closely imbricated, thin at the edges, (they are thick in Pinus,) even, bracteolate, bearing two ovules on their inner side; bracts deciduous; cotyledons three to nine.
A. BALSAMEA: Cones erect, more or less scattered, two to three inches long, violet when young, brownish when matured; bracts obovate, short, slightly serrulate, mucronate and commonly appressed at the sides. Leaves scarcely an inch long, solitary, linear, grooved and bright-green above, ridged and whitish beneath, mostly growing ill two rows on the sides of the nearly horizontal branches. Bark smoothish, dotted with numerous small blisters containing a resinous balsam. This tree is a slender, compact evergreen, growing in moist soils and on cold hill-sides through the Northern States and Canada, seldom attaining a height of more than twenty-five feet, and presenting a pyramidal appearance. It blooms in May, and is often cultivated for its beauty. The balsam contained in the blisters under the bark, is the portion of this tree most commonly employed in medicine. It is known in commerce as Balsam Fir or Canada Balsam, and is obtained by puncturing the blisters and pressing out their contents into a spoon or other shallow vessel. When first obtained, it is a tenacious fluid, nearly transparent, with a delicate amber tint and agreeable aroma. On long exposure to the atmosphere, it parts with some of its volatile portions and becomes nearly solid and of a deeper tint. By admixture with magnesia, the volatile portions are absorbed and solidification takes place within a few hours. It is a resino- terebinthinate substance, softening under a moderate heat, becoming nearly solid when its turpentine is dissipated under a higher temperature, dissolving readily in turpentine and to a limited extent in cold alcohol, and burning readily with a heavy flame and a dense smoke.
Abies Fraseri yields a balsam similar to that furnished by the above tree; and the product of the two plants is not discriminated in commerce. This species prefers more genial latitudes than the balsamea, reaching from New York to the Carolinas. Its usual height is twenty feet; cones from one to two inches long; bracts wedge-shaped, long-acuminate and strongly reflexed; leaves smooth beneath, and nearly two inches long.
Properties and Uses:I. The balsam is stimulating and relaxing, chiefly influencing the kidneys and mucous membranes, acting rather slowly. Its relaxing power is greater in the fresh exudation than in that which has been long standing. It is somewhat nauseating in large doses, And some stomachs do not receive it at all. It is inappropriate to every acute case that is accompanied by irritation, sensitiveness of the mucous membranes, or febrile excitement. To the kidneys it is applicable in chronic cases where the urine is scanty and turbid, the back persistently weak and painful, and the kidneys free from excitement. Good results maybe obtained from its use in gonorrhea, after the acute symptoms have passed away; but it is better to employ it, in conjunction, with other suitable agents, in low gleet, in which difficulty it is a good adjunct to tonics and demulcents. Though seldom used in leucorrhea, it will be found useful in chronic cases, especially if it can be made acceptable to the stomach. It has been used to advantage in low and chronic pulmonary affections—as in old coughs, chronic bronchitis, and chronic pneumonia following acute inflammation. For internal use, it should always be combined with some demulcent, as mucilage of gum arabic; and it is more acceptable to the stomach when associated with some such tonic as golden seal or poplar, with an aromatic. The dose may range from two to ten grains, repeated at intervals of three to six hours. Larger doses have been recommended, but very few stomachs will receive them. This balsam is also employed as an ingredient in salves and plasters. In indolent ulcers, and in wounds and bruises that are not disposed to heal, it may be used as a salve in any suitable unguent; but should never be employed upon sensitive, granulating, or inflamed sores. As a plaster, it is generally combined in moderate proportions with some of the gum-resins, and applied over the lumbar region in chronic weakness of the kidneys, and upon the chest in chronic pleurisy.
II. The bark, when slit into shreds and simmered in a closely covered vessel, yields a mucilaginous and gently stimulating-relaxing decoction. This is employed by the people in sub-acute dysentery and diarrhea, in settled coughs, and in soreness of the kidneys and urethra. It is less nauseating and exciting than the balsam, yet should be administered with similar cautions as to the conditions of the case. Dose, half a cupful of a pretty strong infusion every second hour, or hour.
I Emulsion. This is the most agreeable form of giving the balsam, whether it is to be used alone, or combined with copaiba, or with a tonic. One drachm of the balsam is sufficient in four ounces of a compound emulsion. (See Emulsions.)
II. Pills. The solidified balsam may be made into a pill-mass by mixing with the powder of elm, or of gum arabic. In very degenerate cases of leucorrhea, pills may be made of the common balsam and pulverized myrrh, with golden seal in excess. When used in suitable cases, such pills are excellent aids to the other medication.
III. Pectoral Drops. Balsam Fir, half an ounce; honey, two ounces; diluted alcohol, one pint. Macerate a week, and add vinegar syrup of lobelia, two ounces; essence of anise, six drachms. Used for asthma, and chronic coughs with debility and pain in the chest; contra-indicated in sensitive or inflamed respiratory organs. Dose, half to a whole teaspoonful every four hours.
The Physiomedical Dispensatory, 1869, was written by William Cook, M.D.
It was scanned by Paul Bergner at http://medherb.com | <urn:uuid:9807b542-64be-4d82-80c5-5faa336bffa3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.henriettes-herb.com/eclectic/cook/ABIES_BALSAMEA.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.93874 | 1,511 | 2.6875 | 3 |
Scaffolding Solutions – The Scaffolding Specialists
Safety standards of Scaffolding Solutions:
For Scaffolding Solutions, safety is of the utmost importance. They train their staff not only on scaffolding related jobs but also on safety matters. Safety techniques like first-aid is very important in the constructionindustry especially when on-site. Scaffolding solutions operates with the highest safety standards in mind to minimis the risk of serious injury on site.
Services offered by Scaffolding Solutions:
1. Supply and Erect:
i) Erecting and dismantling: Scaffolding Solutions takes responsibility of not only supplying and delivering their scaffolding equipment but also in the set-up of the scaffolding structure. First, they lay their safety equipment on the area and then they set-up the structure. At the end of the project, they also dismantle the scaffolding and take it away. Safety equipment is also provided by the company and below is a list of safety equipment provided:
• Safety helmet (hard hat)
• Reflector vests.
• Double layered harness.
• Safety boots.
ii) Supplying scaffolding equipment: There are many scaffolding parts requiredfor erecting a scaffolding structure. Scaffolding Solutions supply thenecessary tools and equipment. The general labourers erect the scaffolding while the supervisorbrainstorms and directs the workers to find the best method of erecting the structure that would best suit the client’s access requirements. Parts provided by the company are:
• Kwikstage standard.
• Kwikstage ledgers.
• Reinforced ledgers.
• Cantilever brackets.
• Diagonal base.
• Base jack.
• Base plate.
• Hook on board.
• Ladder bracket.
• Hook on ladder.
• Toe board.
• Stair Tread.
• Toe board clip.
• Trap door.
• Trap door transom.
• Stair stringer left.
• Stair stringer right.
• Double c-pressing bracket.
2. Labour Services:
• Skilled labour supply: Scaffolding Solutions has a whole team of skilled and experienced scaffold erectors, inspectors, charge heads and general labourers. As per the requirements of the client, they can supply skilled labourers.
• Local labour service: Scaffolding Solutions takes little to no time to respond to their locally based professional crews. In an emergency, they can help their clients quickly.
• Off-loading and stacking: Storing the scaffolding structure is a hassle, but this company takes responsibility for off-loading and stacking the scaffolding structures and materials in a safe area not on site.
To learn more about the services and products offered by Scaffolding Solutions, please visit their official website: https://scaffoldingsolutions.co.za
About Scaffolding Solutions:
Scaffolding Solutions was established in 2012. The company is located in Cape Town. The scaffolding technicians and workers at Scaffolding Solutions are determined to provide excellent service to their clients.
8 MoorsomAve,EppingIndustria, Goodwood
Cape Town, 7475, South Africa
Tel: 072 504 3530
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One-Stop Solution for Scaffold Requirements
Founded in the year 2012, Scaffolding Solutions operates with the objective of delivering excellent quality services. The company takes pride to claim that it is the one-stop solution for all the scaffolding needs of the client. The company can easily manage a scaffold project from its very first stage to the last. This includes delivery, erection as well as dismantling services for clients. Scaffolding Solutions offer several services which include the | <urn:uuid:1065bc49-1b5d-4126-add9-918045496965> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.openpr.com/news/1691478/scaffolding-solutions-the-scaffolding-specialists.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00466.warc.gz | en | 0.930593 | 882 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Idomeni camp finally cleared
The makeshift refugee / migrant camp at Idomeni was finally cleared of its last occupants on Thursday evening, according to Greek authorities, two days after an operation to transfer the roughly 5,000 foreign nationals began.
The camp, erected directly on the border with the former Yugoslav Republic (fYRoM) where a rail line connects the two countries, mushroomed in size after the Skopje government closed its borders in February to Mideast refugees and would-be migrants attempting to reach preferred destinations in central and western Europe.
The foreign nationals, mostly from the Middle East, but also irregular migrants that snuck into the country amid the refugee flows from Turkey, were transferred to temporary but organized shelters across northern Greece.
The Greek government attracted its share of negative publicity this week after preventing all but the state-run broadcaster from covering the initial stage of the evacuation, which was backed up with riot police.
A two-month occupation of the train tracks by protesting refugees cost shippers upwards of six million euros. | <urn:uuid:f949b2fa-4f96-459c-93d0-e4c3b8acadcf> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.salonicanews.com/2016/05/idomeni-camp-finally-cleared.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280900.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00002-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96849 | 213 | 1.679688 | 2 |
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The New York Times had this article on Saturday, by Edward Wyatt, which I reproduce in its entirety in order to give the discussion its proper context and understanding:
Some of the biggest names in documentary filmmaking have denounced a recent agreement between the Smithsonian Institution and Showtime Networks Inc. that they say restricts makers of films and television shows using Smithsonian materials from offering their work to public television or other non-Showtime broadcast outlets. Ken Burns, whose documentaries "The Civil War" and "Baseball" have become classics of the form, said in an interview yesterday that he believed that such an arrangement would have prohibited him from making some of his recent works, like the musical history "Jazz," available to public television because they relied heavily on Smithsonian collections and curators."I find this deal terrifying," Mr. Burns said in a telephone interview from San Francisco, where he is filming interviews for a documentary on the history of the national parks. "It feels like the Smithsonian has essentially optioned America's attic to one company, and to have access to that attic, we would have to be signed off with, and perhaps co-opted by,that entity."On March 9, Showtime and the Smithsonian announced the creation of Smithsonian Networks, a joint venture to develop television programming.Under the agreement, the joint venture has the right of first refusal to commercial documentaries that rely heavily on Smithsonian collections or staff. Those works would first have to be offered to Smithsonian on Demand,the cable channel that is expected to be the venture's first programming service. A Smithsonian official who is managing the institution's content and production assistance for the venture said yesterday that while the new arrangement did limit the ability of commercial filmmakers to sell some projects elsewhere, it ultimately would affect a small number of the works that draw on the museum's resources."It's not our obligation to help independent filmmakers sell their wares to commercial broadcast and cable networks," said the official, Jeanny Kim, a vice president for media services for Smithsonian Business Ventures."What it boiled down to is that we don't have the financial resources, the expertise or the production capabilities," she added, to continue to provide extensive access to materials but not to reap any financial benefit from the result. She said films that made incidental use of a single interview with a staff member or a few minutes of pictures of elements of the Smithsonian collections would be allowed.The Showtime venture, under which the Smithsonian would earn payments from cable operators that offered the on-demand service to subscribers, comes as the Smithsonian has suffered financial problems. At a Congressional hearing on Wednesday, a Smithsonian official said some necessary repairs to Smithsonian buildings could not be made because of lack of financing. That led to a suggestion by Representative James P. Moran, Democrat of Virginia,to suggest that the institution should charge admission, a proposal that its board of regents has rejected repeatedly.The Showtime agreement began attracting widespread attention this week as filmmakers said they had been told that some of their projects might fall under the agreement. Two Smithsonian curators, who were granted anonymity because they feared for their jobs if they spoke publicly about the Showtime venture, said in interviews yesterday that they could not be certain what kind of projects would be subject to the restrictions because details of the contract with Showtime had been shared with few employees below the executive level. Linda St. Thomas, a Smithsonian spokeswoman, said the details of the contract with Showtime were confidential and would not be released publicly.She said the outlines of the agreement had been left deliberately vague to allow the Smithsonian to consider "on a case-by-case basis" whether a proposed project competes with its new television venture or not. A Showtime executive, Tom Hayden, said the deal was not intended to be exclusionary but was intended to provide filmmakers with an attractive platform for their work. One well-known filmmaker, Laurie Kahn-Leavitt, said she had been told recently by a Smithsonian staff member that her last film, "Tupperware!," a history of the creation and marketing of the venerable food-storage containers, would have fallen under the arrangement, because much of the history of Tupperware is housed at the Smithsonian. The documentary, which won a Peabody Award in 2004, was broadcast on "American Experience," the PBS show produced by WGBH, the Boston public television station."This is a public archive," Ms. Kahn-Leavitt said. "This should not be offered on an exclusive basis to anyone, and it's not good enough that they can decide on a case-by-case basis what they will and won't approve."Margaret Drain, a vice president for national programs at WGBH, said she feared that public television programs like "Nova" and "American Experience"would suffer greatly because of the new restrictions."These are programs that regularly rely on the collections of the Smithsonian Institution," she said. "If access is restricted, we are really going to be in trouble."She added: "I'm outraged that a public institution would do a semi exclusive deal with a commercial broadcaster."
The Smithsonian is not, as I understand it, attempting to exercise any copyright interests. It status on that score is a bit murky, although it is clear that suits against it have to be brought in the Claims Court not in federal district court. Instead, the issue centers on restrictions on access to the physical objects, something that has been discussed in this blog (and elsewhere) before. the effect of the restrictions do seem to point toward a decrease in the creation of new works. | <urn:uuid:3f16bd48-f3cf-4008-856c-238ea688faef> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://williampatry.blogspot.com/2006/04/smithsonian-showtime-agreement.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00484-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.97542 | 1,113 | 1.835938 | 2 |
A year ago, the country suffered a major outbreak of cholera that sickened almost 4,700 people and claimed 24 lives. That outbreak took place mostly in the northern part of Iraq. But Vibrio cholerae, the water-borne microbe that is responsible for the bloody diarrhea that is the hallmark of cholera, has moved farther south this year.
The 2008 outbreak began officially on August 20th, when the first cases were lab-confirmed. By August 28th, 181 suspected cases – 7 confirmed – already had been reported from Baghdad and Misan Province. From Baghdad, the outbreak has traveled south to Babil Province, which has reported 116 suspected cases. As of September 10th, 21 of the suspected cases have been confirmed, and 10 people have died.
Last year's outbreak also began in mid-August. It was still raging in early October, having spread through 9 of the country's 18 provinces. Prior to 2007, the last cholera outbreak in Iraq that was large enough to attract the attention of the WHO took place in Basra during May 2003. In reporting on that outbreak, WHO commented that cases of cholera had occurred in Basra every year since 1989. It's our guess that there were outbreaks in 2004, 2005 and 2006 as well, but that these were not well reported – due, at least in part, to the ongoing conflict in many parts of the country.
As WHO points out in its report on the current outbreak, cholera outbreaks are facilitated by the lack of potable water, and an absence of infrastructure for hygienic disposal of sewage. More than five years after the United States, supported by the United Kingdom and the "Coalition of the Willing" invaded Iraq, "... the overall quality of water and sanitation remains very poor..." according to the WHO report.
Maybe next year? | <urn:uuid:2b933202-3661-4dd8-a728-4cbc13c557b8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://efoodalert.blogspot.com/2008/09/iraq-and-cholera-annual-event.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279169.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00215-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.988007 | 382 | 3.015625 | 3 |
View PDF [40 KB]
As it stands, Unity* software does not provide hardware-accelerated decode for video playback. Therefore, playing video on a low-end device could suffer dropped frames, low frame rates, and poor quality. The provided project illustrates how to merge the hardware decode path within Unity software. The main components within this solution are the creation of an external video texture mapped to Unity software, the creation of the media player, and the calls exposed to Unity software.
Video Texture Creation
To leverage the media player component, an external texture is created and shared with the Unity software rendering component. To gain access to the Unity software rendering component we use the IUnityInterface to retrieve the IUnityGraphicsD3D11 interface, which provides access to the Unity software rendering component used to call CreateTexture2D, creating a staged texture on the Unity software device. CreateTexture2D then receives the ID3D11Texture2D interface.
The D3D device is used to call CreateShaderResourceView, passing-in the ID3D11Texture2D that will serve as the input to the shader. The CreateShaderResourceView also receives the ID3D11ShaderResourceView, which provides access to the shader-resource-view interface, used to access data of the passed-in resource; in this case, the ID3D11Texture2D texture.
At this point, a shared texture is created and a handle to the shared texture is returned. The handle is then used to open the shared resource (ID3D11Texture2D), where the IDXGISurface surface of the texture is retrieved. CreateDirect3D11SurfaceFromDXGISurface is then called to create an instance of IDirect3DSurface from an IDXGISurface, whereupon a video frame is available. The frame is then copied to the IDirect3DSurface video surface which, as stated, is shared with the Unity software rendering pipeline.
Download [ZIP 7.5MB}
To begin, we first create a new instance of the Windows Media* playback media player interface, which provides access to media playback functionality such as play, pause, seek, and so on. Once we have the interface, we load content by calling CreateFromUri, which creates a MediaSource from the passed-in Uri, where MediaSource provides a means of accessing media data.
We then associate the MediaSource to a MediaPlaybackItem, which acts as a wrapper around a MediaSource, exposing audio and video tracks within the MediaSource.
Unity* Software Integration
The purpose of this project is to detail the integration of hardware-accelerated video in Unity software, how it is achieved, and how you can leverage the code to integrate accelerated video into your project. A wrapper is created to expose the relevant calls to create, load, and interact with the media. While not within this article’s scope, more information on creating and exposing native dynamic libraries to Unity software can be found here. The project does not expose all available features of the media player, but does expose core functionality to provide a jump-off point to further expand upon with new features. The following functionality is currently exposed and available for integration:
- CreateMediaPlayback: Create media player instance
- CreatePlaybackTexture: Return native texture to a pointer
- LoadContent: Load from Uri
- SetPosition: Set current playback position (seek)
- GetPosition: Get current playback position
- GetDuration: Retrieve the video duration
- GetPlaybackRate: Retrieve current playback speed
- StateChangedCallback: Media playback change event callback
- Play: Play video
- Stop: Stop video
- Pause: Pause video
*Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others.
Product and Performance Information
Performance varies by use, configuration and other factors. Learn more at www.Intel.com/PerformanceIndex. | <urn:uuid:b4aa490f-bb7f-4e66-a163-dd5644feca0f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/developer/articles/case-study/hardware-accelerated-video-decode-in-unity.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00676.warc.gz | en | 0.862237 | 826 | 1.9375 | 2 |
California State Waters Map Series: offshore of Santa Barbara, California
Scientific Investigations Map 3281
- Samuel Y. Johnson, Peter Dartnell, Guy R. Cochrane, Nadine E. Golden, Eleyne L. Phillips, Andrew C. Ritchie, H. Gary Greene, Lisa M. Krigsman, Rikk G. Kvitek, Bryan E. Dieter, Charles A. Endris, Gordon G. Seitz, Ray W. Sliter, Mercedes D. Erdey, Carlos I. Gutierrez, Florence L. Wong, Mary M. Yoklavich, Amy E. Draut, Patrick E. Hart, James E. Conrad, and Susan A. Cochran
- Edited by:
- Samuel Y. Johnson and Susan A. Cochran
In 2007, the California Ocean Protection Council initiated the California Seafloor Mapping Program (CSMP), designed to create a comprehensive seafloor map of high-resolution bathymetry, marine benthic habitats, and geology within the 3-nautical-mile limit of California’s State Waters. The CSMP approach is to create highly detailed seafloor maps through collection, integration, interpretation, and visualization of swath sonar data, acoustic backscatter, seafloor video, seafloor photography, high-resolution seismic-reflection profiles, and bottom-sediment sampling data. The map products display seafloor morphology and character, identify potential marine benthic habitats, and illustrate both the surficial seafloor geology and shallow (to about 100 m) subsurface geology.
The Offshore of Santa Barbara map area lies within the central Santa Barbara Channel region of the Southern California Bight. This geologically complex region forms a major biogeographic transition zone, separating the cold-temperate Oregonian province north of Point Conception from the warm-temperate California province to the south. The map area is in the southern part of the Western Transverse Ranges geologic province, which is north of the California Continental Borderland. Significant clockwise rotation—at least 90°—since the early Miocene has been proposed for the Western Transverse Ranges province, and geodetic studies indicate that the region is presently undergoing north-south shortening. Uplift rates (as much as 2.2 mm/yr) that are based on studies of onland marine terraces provide further evidence of significant shortening.
The city of Santa Barbara, the main coastal population center in the map area, is part of a contiguous urban area that extends from Carpinteria to Goleta. This urban area was developed on the coalescing alluvial surfaces, uplifted marine terraces, and low hills that lie south of the east-west-trending Santa Ynez Mountains. Several beaches line the actively utilized Santa Barbara coastal zone, including Arroyo Burro Beach Park, Leadbetter Beach, East Beach, and “Butterfly Beach.” There are ongoing coastal erosion problems associated with both development and natural processes; between 1933–1934 and 1998, cliff erosion in the map area occurred at rates of about 0.1 to 1 m/yr, the largest amount (63 m) occurring at Arroyo Burro in the western part of the map area. In addition, development of the Santa Barbara Harbor, which began in 1928, lead to shoaling west of the harbor as the initial breakwater trapped sand, as well as to coastal erosion east of the harbor. Since 1959, annual harbor dredging has mitigated at least some of the downcoast erosion problems.
The Offshore of Santa Barbara map area lies in the central part of the Santa Barbara littoral cell, which is characterized by littoral drift to the east-southeast. Drift rates have been estimated to be about 400,000 tons/yr at Santa Barbara Harbor. Sediment supply to the western and central parts of the littoral cell, including the map area, is largely from relatively small transverse coastal watersheds. Within the map area, these coastal watersheds include (from east to west) San Ysidro Creek, Oak Creek, Montecito Creek, Sycamore Creek, Mission Creek, Arroyo Burro, and Atascadero Creek. The Ventura and Santa Clara Rivers, the mouths of which are about 40 to 50 km southeast of Santa Barbara, are much larger sediment sources. Still farther east, eastward-moving sediment in the littoral cell is trapped by Hueneme and Mugu Canyons and then transported to the deep-water Santa Monica Basin.
The offshore part of the map area consists of a relatively flat and shallow continental shelf, which dips gently seaward (about 0.4° to 0.8°) so that water depths at the 3-nautical-mile limit of California’s State Waters are about 45 m in the east and about 75 m in the west. This part of the Santa Barbara Channel is relatively well protected from large Pacific swells from the north and northwest by Point Conception and from the south and southwest by offshore islands and banks. The shelf is underlain by variable amounts of upper Quaternary shelf, estuarine, and fluvial sediments deposited as sea level fluctuated in the late Pleistocene.
Seafloor habitats in the broad Santa Barbara Channel region consist of significant amounts of soft sediment and isolated areas of rocky habitat that support kelp-forest communities nearshore and rocky-reef communities in deep water. The potential marine benthic habitat types mapped in the Offshore of Santa Barbara map area are directly related to its Quaternary geologic history, geomorphology, and active sedimentary processes. These potential habitats, which lie within the Shelf (continental shelf) megahabitat, range from soft, unconsolidated sediment to hard sedimentary bedrock. This heterogeneous seafloor provides promising habitat for rockfish, groundfish, crabs, shrimp, and other marine benthic organisms.
Additional publication details
- Publication type:
- Publication Subtype:
- USGS Numbered Series
- California State Waters Map Series: offshore of Santa Barbara, California
- Series title:
- Scientific Investigations Map
- Series number:
- Year Published:
- U.S. Geological Survey
- Publisher location:
- Reston, VA
- Contributing office(s):
- Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
- Pamphlet: iv, 45 p.; 11 Sheets: 53.0 x 36.0 inches or smaller
- United States
- Santa Barbara
- Other Geospatial:
- Santa Barbara Channel;Southern California Bight
- Universal Transverse Mercator projection
- Online Only (Y/N):
- Additional Online Files (Y/N): | <urn:uuid:6534a822-e84c-44cc-98a2-843ccc46a6f8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/sim3281 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280292.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00344-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.873243 | 1,413 | 2.25 | 2 |
Virtual tubing model analysis optimizes catheter design to help engineers reach final design freeze faster and shorten time to market.
As medical procedures become more complex, engineers are challenged to develop smaller, thinner-walled catheters to keep pace with high-performance clinical demands. Conventional catheter prototyping relies on a manual, time-consuming trial-and-error process involving multiple rounds of material procurement, prototype assembly and bench testing. A virtual simulator simplifies the catheter design process but is still time-consuming and has resource challenges.
Using a virtual tubing model analysis – such as Integer’s proprietary Virtual Tubing Model software (VTM) – dramatically decreases the time and resources needed for physical prototyping. With VTM, complex multilayer braided composite tubes can be modeled in minutes, compared to using 3D CAD modeling programs that may take hours and consume valuable time.VTM is a fast, easy-to-use software modeling program that predicts the performance of catheter shafts for single lumen constructions with one or more material layers, and with or without braid reinforcement.
Here are three ways the Virtual Tubing Model software helps speed catheter design:
1. Rapid design modeling
With VTM, engineers can quickly model design options to predict kink radius, bending (lateral) stiffness, linear stiffness, torsional stiffness and hoop strength. Various design options can be modeled and overlaid in graphical form for each performance attribute, allowing engineers to analyze the graphs simultaneously to determine which design delivers optimal performance and any tradeoffs.
For example, an engineer may want to maximize kink response, but doing so may greatly reduce the torque response of the shaft. Knowing the tradeoffs in advance is crucial to developing a catheter shaft that delivers optimal performance.
2. Adaptable design optionsVTM allows engineers to model up to 10 unique layers, both braided and non-braided. The model can accommodate almost any polymer and braid material, requiring only the tensile modulus, Poisson’s ratio and ultimate tensile strength as inputs. Braid patterns from 4 to 48 wires can be modeled with almost any braid wire material, including stainless steel, nitinol, tungsten, platinum, non-metallic monofilaments and many other metals.
3. Design for Manufacturability (DFM) analysisUtilize VTM to run and graph a series of models at different pic counts to quickly determine which option delivers optimal manufacturability. In the flexural stiffness chart, check out how a catheter engineer created an initial design for a microcatheter and requested a pic count of 160 ppi to minimize the bending stiffness of the catheter shaft. A series of VTM models were run at different pic counts and graphed. The data showed that a pic count in the 120 ppi range delivered optimal flexibility. This lower pic count took less time to braid and required less braid wire. It enhanced overall manufacturability and helped save time and resources.
Based on a 20-year history of optimizing catheter designs, Virtual Tubing Model software is one of the most effective tools available today to predict prototype performance. The ability to create and overlay multiple reports for different design iterations allows engineers to identify performance patterns and pinpoint an optimal design more quickly. The result is significantly fewer prototype iterations to reach final design freeze and enhanced speed of new product delivery to market.
Michael Holt is technical solutions director at Integer (Frisco, Texas). Holt has more than 20 years experience in the design and development of complex catheter based devices. He holds a Bachelor of Science in mechanical engineering from the University of Tennessee. | <urn:uuid:332fcbcd-19da-4798-b417-6331bc890ddc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.medicaldesignandoutsourcing.com/virtual-tubing-model-analysis-integer/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570793.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808092125-20220808122125-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.900572 | 751 | 2.140625 | 2 |
The Libyan National Army has been carrying out air strikes on areas of Benghazi under the control of the Shura Council of Benghazi Revolutionaries, including the city's Ganfouda district.
The strikes have endangered the lives of scores of detainees who are being held captive in Benghazi, according to Amnesty International.
On the weekend, Libyan forces also said that they had edged further into the centre of Sirte, seeking to recapture the city from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant group (ISIL, also known as ISIS). Their advance came after heavy fighting the previous night, which killed dozens of people.
Since last year, Sirte has become ISIL's most important base outside Syria and Iraq, and its loss would be a major setback for the group. | <urn:uuid:bc59a813-ba2c-404d-8f40-ae5f6a4b66a8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/inpictures/2016/07/fierce-fighting-rages-libya-160725115159385.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00018-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.976592 | 154 | 1.59375 | 2 |
we packaged this 2-in-1 formula in bottles made with a blend of recovered ocean plastic and post-consumer recycled plastic, a combination that results in a uniquely gray resin. innovation is a beautiful thing.
available at Whole Foods Market®, methodhome.com and other amazing retailers.
learn more about ocean plastic pollution and what we’re doing about it in our videos below.
it’s estimated that several million tons of plastic makes its way into our oceans every year, polluting the environment and hurting our marine populations. and the problem isn’t going away anytime soon as more plastic washes up on beaches everyday.
as a small soap company, we know we can’t clean up the world’s oceans. but we can raise awareness about the issue and use our business to demonstrate smart ways of using and reusing the plastics that are already on the planet. we think the best way to do that is by proving that solutions exist, even at a small scale.
with the help of local beach clean-up groups and volunteers, method has collected more than a ton of plastic from the beaches of Hawai’i. and working with our recycling partner, Envision Plastics, who were willing to take a chance on making the impossible possible, we’ve taken plastic from the beach and turned it into bottles.
through this new + innovative use of recovered ocean plastic, we hope to show how design can be used to tackle environmental problems. we’re not saying that the solution to the ocean plastic problem is making bottles out of trash, but by doing so we can prove that there are alternatives to using virgin materials—like PCR plastic, which we use in all of our bottles. by recycling + reusing existing plastic, we can turn off the tap. and that is the first, most important step toward improving the state of our oceans.
plastics are estimated to represent almost 80% of the total marine debris floating in the world’s oceans.
on average, 46,000 pieces of plastic are swirling in each square mile of our oceans.
every year, at least one million sea birds and 100,000 sharks, turtles, dolphins and whales die from eating plastic.
fish in the middle depths of the northern pacific ocean are ingesting as much as 24,000 tons of plastic each year.
267 species around the world are harmed by plastic. 86% of sea turtles, 44% of seabirds and 43% of ocean mammals ingest or become tangled in plastic.
thank you to our launch partners who have helped make this ocean plastic project possible
for additional media inquiries, please visit our press room. read more about our ocean plastic journey on our blog. | <urn:uuid:bebaa67a-7e2f-4db7-8a1a-fd7774a13987> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://methodhome.com/beyond-the-bottle/ocean-plastic/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720468.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00489-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.938864 | 557 | 2.703125 | 3 |
Why does PCOD occurs?
Why does it happen for teenage girls now a days?
How does harmonal imbalance happen why do it happen ?
How can it be stopped or cured ?
Doctor Answers (1) on PCOD problem
Thank you for your question. PCOD is a lifestyle disease that occurs because of a combination of sedentary lifestyle, overeating or junk food or processed food, lack of sleep and greater stress and poor nutrition. This leads to a series of hormonal abnormalities of which insulin resistance is primary. The problem cannot be cured but can be managed to reduce its effects. The complex of changes increases the lifetime risk of developing health problems such as infertility due to anovulation, diabetes, hypertension, cancers of the endometrium and breast. Managing exercise and ideal weight are the keys to keeping the ovaries healthy. Your doctor can guide you further. You can also read about it on www.patient.co.uk and www.rcog.org patient leaflets.
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Was this answer helpful? | <urn:uuid:02220a84-6557-415e-9a6b-2b57a42a34f2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.practo.com/consult/pcod-problem-why-does-pcod-occurs-br-why-does-it-happen-for-teenage-girls-now-a-days-br-how-does-harmonal-imbalance/q | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280763.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00517-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.933049 | 219 | 2.46875 | 2 |
The Job Hunt: Starting Off With A Strong Cover Letter
Suffice to say that your cover letter is one way for a company to get a sneak peek of what you’d be like as a potential employee. Before they even get to your resume, prospective employers read cover letters first, so consider these points on how to write a cover letter and make an effort to prepare a brilliant cover letter!
Table of Contents
1. Know to whom you’re talking.
Think of your cover letter is a letter of intent. Don’t use the typical “to whom it may concern” and go the extra mile by addressing it to a specific person. Do your research to find out the name of the HR manager or the name and position of your potential boss.
2. Be specific.
State the position you’re applying for, so the recruiter or hiring manager won’t think that you’re only after getting a job, regardless of what position it may be.
3. Fill in the gaps.
If you had stopped working for a few months or years, make sure to explain this in your cover letter. It’s a good way of preventing your potential employer from assuming the worst about your “sabbatical” or time off from the daily grind.
4. No to braggadocio.
Sure, you want to impress, but exaggerating or bragging about your achievements and capabilities won’t get you anywhere. Choose one or two career highlights and state them matter-of-factly. If you’re not sure about your tone, get another person to read your cover letter and have him or her give you an honest opinion.
5. Make it unique.
Avoid churning out cookie-cutter cover letters whose only difference is the addressee and position you’re applying for. Write from the heart and tailor-fit your words to suit the job you’re applying for. Conveying your passion for the job is one way to impress your future employer, more than a generic and overly formal document.
6. Don’t forget your contact details.
Even though your accompanying resume will contain your contact details, play it safe and include your email address and phone number so a recruiter can get in touch with you easily.
7. Keep it short.
A brief description that states why you’re the best person for the job will do. Your cover letter should be no longer than three paragraphs. What’s more, don’t ramble on about WHY you need the job. The cover letter should make the employer want you, so you should “sell” yourself in a way that will make the company think that you would be a great addition to the organization.
8. Double- and triple-check your spelling and grammar.
Before printing and sending off your cover letter, double- and triple-check your spelling and grammar, and watch out for typographical errors. | <urn:uuid:c4e27af3-279e-4225-aef6-942416ff5e1a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.dumblittleman.com/job-hunt-starting-strong-cover-letter/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00069.warc.gz | en | 0.924725 | 625 | 1.617188 | 2 |
Four Natures of Chinese Herbs
Medicinal herbs that are cold-cool belong to Yin. In Chinese medicine, herbs with a cold-cool nature can clear Heat, purge Fire and eliminate toxic materials, and they are mainly used for Heat-syndromes.
There are some herbs in Chinese materia medica which are known as neutral, whose proerty is neither hot nor cold and whose action is relatively mild. However, they still have some action to cool or warm, so are placed in range of the four natures of Chinese herbs.
They are determined mainly from the body’s response after the herbs are taken, which is directly related to the nature of the disease or syndrome being treated. For example, after Huang Lian (Rhizoma Coptidis) and Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum) are taken, the manifestations of heat-syndrome such as high fever, thirst and profuse sweating can be eliminated. This indicates that both Huang Lian and Shi Gao are cold in nature.
Conversely, after Fu Zi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) and Gan Jiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis) are taken, the manifestations of cold-syndromes such as aversion to cold, cold limbs, cold and pain in the stomach and diarrhoea can be relieved. This indicates that Fu Zi and Gan Jiang are hot in nature.
On the basis of syndrome differentiation, a practitioner must distinguish the hot or cold nature of disease and have a sound understanding of the hot and cold properties of Chinese medicinal herbs. This is essential to obtain the desired results from treatment and to avoid harmful results. | <urn:uuid:f8c1d580-d122-4b9d-b0a3-d41dd02f8140> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://asante-academy.com/encyclopedia/four-natures-of-chinese-herbs/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571502.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811194507-20220811224507-00073.warc.gz | en | 0.939182 | 345 | 2.9375 | 3 |
Energy Reports, Volume 1, 1 November 2015,
This paper attempts to investigate the impact of economic growth and CO2 emissions on energy consumption for a global panel of 58 countries using dynamic panel data model estimated by means of the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) for the period 1990-2012. We also estimate this relationship for three regional panels; namely, from Europe and North Asia, Latin America and Caribbean, and Sub-Saharan, North African and Middle Eastern. The empirical evidence indicates significant positive impact of CO2 emissions on energy consumption for four global panels. Economic growth has a positive impact on energy consumption and statistically significant only for the four panel. | <urn:uuid:8041c9c2-675f-4309-ab07-e23bb48d04dd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sdgresources.relx.com/articles/impact-co2-emissions-and-economic-growth-energy-consumption-58-countries | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00466.warc.gz | en | 0.897142 | 132 | 2.109375 | 2 |
The Penans are one of the few remaining nomadic peoples of the rain forest. They live in a place of indescribable beauty, a diverse forest intersected by rivers and the world's most extensive network of caves and underground passages.
The world of the Penans is threatened. Their homeland in the Malaysian state of Sarawak is undergoing one of the highest rates of logging on earth. The destruction of the forest is forever altering the lives of the Penans and the other indigenous peoples of Borneo.
Some Penans are also threatened by a massive dam project. The proposed Bakun dam will flood 70,000 hectares of land, displacing indigenous peoples and wildlife and destroying even more rain forest.
The following tells the story of the Penan people of Borneo. It consists of a main text on two consecutive pages, and a number of "side pages" that you may visit as you choose. These texts are best read in order; however, if you wish to jump around, here are links to different subject areas.
Borneo straddles the equator and is the third-largest island on earth. Its territory is shared by three Southeast Asian countries. The Indonesian province of Kalimantan comprises the southern two-thirds of the island. Sarawak lies in the northwest, and northeast of it is Sabah, another Malaysian state. The tiny oil-rich sultanate of Brunei is also located on the island's north coast.
Borneo is home to several dozen distinct ethnic groups, almost all of whom are settled and farm rice. Only a few Penans maintain a nomadic existence. These last nomads live in Sarawak.More on the history and people of Sarawak
Eighty percent of Borneo is covered in tropical rain forest, one of the oldest and richest ecosystems on earth.
The biodiversity of tropical forests is astounding. An acre or two of temperate woodland usually contains no more than a dozen tree species. In the tropics the same area of land may support as many as 300. A scientific study once found twenty-three thousand forms of life in a single square mile of tropical rain forest. Another study found more kinds of ants in one tropical tree stump than had been reported for all of Great Britain. The number of insect species in tropical rain forests has been estimated to exceed thirty million.
Many of the life forms on Borneo are unique to the island. About one third of its plant species are found nowhere else on earth. Thirty of its birds are endemic, as are thirty-nine of its terrestrial mammals. Borneo is home to scattered populations of rare and endangered animals such as the Sumatran rhino and the orangutan. One entomologist working in Borneo identified some 600 species of butterflies and caterpillars in a single day. Another reported over a thousand species of cicadas.More on the oldest forests on earth
Traditional Penan society is nomadic and survives by hunting and gathering. Only a handful of such societies remain on earth. The nomadic hunting-gathering lifestyle represents the original human condition, and was the way our own ancestors lived for millions of years.
Until a few decades ago, thousands of Penans wandered through the forests of Borneo's interior. Today, only a small number of them continue to practice this ancient lifestyle. Yet while most Penans now have permanent homes by the riversides, they continue to make long journeys into the forest to collect food, medicine, and other jungle products. The physical and spiritual well-being of all Penans, whether nomadic or settled, depends on the survival of the forest.
The Penans, like other nomadic hunter-gatherers, enjoy an egalitarian society. There are no social classes or hierarchies. There is no wealth or poverty, and all food is shared. Each band has a headman who acts as a spokesperson but wields no power. Although certain tasks are reserved for men and others for women, there is no obvious sexual inequality, and neither sex exercises coercion over the other. Both men and women are gentle and soft-spoken. Outsiders who observe them are invariably struck by the complete absence of violence among the Penan.
More on Penan society
The nomadic Penans practice neither agriculture nor animal husbandry. Although they keep pets, there is a strict taboo against eating any domesticated animal. Thus all of their dietary protein comes from hunting and fishing.
The Penans hunt and eat a wide variety of forest animals, including birds, squirrels, monkeys, lizards, and barking deer. But the most prized game animal is the bearded pig. Sometimes weighing more than a hundred kilos, one of these animals can supply enough meat to feed a nomadic group for several days.
The traditional hunting weapon of the Penan is the blowpipe. A marvel of indigenous technology, the blowpipe, or keleput, is lighter and more accurate than a shotgun, is manufactured from forest materials, and uses ammunition that is readily replaced. The darts kill silently, allowing a hunter in certain instances to drop several animals or, alternatively, to take a second shot should the first miss.
The darts are dipped in a poison called tajem, prepared from the latex of a certain tree. Unlike curare, a muscle relaxant from the Amazon which kills by causing suffocation, tajem interferes with the functioning of the heart, causing lethal arrhythmias. While small creatures such as birds and squirrels die almost instantly from the effect of the poison, large animals like pig may live for many minutes before finally succumbing. During this time the hunter quietly tracks the dying animal.Animals are abundant in most of the world's tropical forests, but sources of carbohydrate are generally hard to find. The forest peoples of the Amazon achieve balanced diets by keeping gardens, a practice that anchors them to one place. But many parts of Southeast Asia are blessed with a remarkable wild tree, a resource that provides the basis for a nomadic existence.
The sago palm is a fast growing tree whose pithy trunk is loaded with starch. The most common species has multiple trunks. The Penans harvest the largest of these, carefully preserving the smaller shoots for future harvests. Once felled, each trunk is cut into sections and rolled down the hillside to a source of water. There it is split and the soft pith is pounded and frayed with a wooden mallet. The fibrous pulp is placed on a finely woven rattan mat which rests on a raised frame. It is kneaded with the feet as water is poured over it, and the starch filters through the rattan and settles as thick white paste on the surface of a lower mat. The wet starch is later dried over a fire to produce the actual sago flour.
While only males go hunting, men, women, and children all help in the production of sago.
Sago making is one of the world's most efficient ways of making a living. A family can process enough sago in one day to feed itself for a week. If leisure time is a measure of affluence, the nomadic Penan are among the richest people on earth.
Read about the "healing forest"
Go on to the second section of the main text | <urn:uuid:c599f3f9-4cc9-47d8-946a-0af9397c664a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.rimba.com/spc/spcpenanmain1.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280730.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00253-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946456 | 1,504 | 3.546875 | 4 |
In case you’ve heard – it’s true. Canine Influenza has been found in North Carolina. The team at Happy Tails Veterinary Emergency Clinic is prepared to assist if you fear that your pet has come into contact with the virus. Our emergency services team is well-versed in all thing canine influenza and has the tools needed to help your pet.
Canine Influenza vaccination is highly recommended for dogs with the following lifestyle risks*
- Puppy classes
- Doggie daycare
- Dog shows
- Dog sports events
- Dog park visits
- Visiting any gathering of multiple dogs
*Dogs in the above category are also at risk for Canine Infectious Respiratory Disease Complex, most often referred to as Kennel Cough.
*If your dog is in one of the above risk categories, vaccination for Kennel Cough (Canine Adenovirus Type 2, Parainfluenza, Bordetella Bronchiseptica Vaccine) is also essential.
Nobivac Canine Flu Bivalent is recommended for healthy dogs 7 weeks of age or older as an aid in the control of disease associated with canine influenza virus H3N8 and canine influenza virus H3N2. Primary immunization requires two vaccinations given two to four weeks apart. Annual revaccination with one dose is recommended.
More information can be found on the North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services website.
We want to make sure you’re educated on the disease and know what to do to protect your pet or get treatment if they come in contact with the disease.
The dog flu is a highly contagious viral infection that is spread through respiratory secretions when an infected dog barks, coughs, or sneezes. The virus can live on objects, like toys, food bowls, leashes, and clothing, for up to 48 hours. Despite its name, the dog flu can also affect cats, although that is less common. Most importantly: Twenty percent of dogs exposed to the virus will not show signs of illness, but they could still be carriers of the virus and spread it to other dogs.
Mild cases of dog flu will result in:
- A cough that can last up to a month
- Increased eye and nasal discharge
Dogs that develop a more serious form of the infection might experience a high fever. The virus can also progress to pneumonia, which could lead to difficulty breathing and the need for supplemental oxygen and other medical support. A small percentage of dogs who get the flu will succumb to the virus.
If you do suspect that your dog has come in contact with the disease, please call us at 336-288-2688 immediately. If your dog has the flu, we will offer supportive care when appropriate, like anti-nausea medications, fluids, and antibiotics to treat possible secondary bacterial infections.
We’ll be here for you and your pet during this trying time. | <urn:uuid:6a3b654b-ec68-4a31-8f08-6f7534898a70> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://happytailservet.com/what-you-need-to-know-about-canine-influenza-in-greensboro/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00470.warc.gz | en | 0.945009 | 624 | 2.59375 | 3 |
CurationRestartEducationProject .#co13 Top 10 startup social media curation tools for Social learning in the workplace that will change research in XXI Century Education by @LucianeCurator
Here is the recording of my session .
Thanks Dr. Nellie Deutsch because you offer me embed code for my session . Dear friends after the session I invite you all to see / download my presentation here on my blog and still then click on screen capture .
For this reason I want to implement the project Curation Restart Education Project http://krunchd.com/CredProjectNow I will describe my favrorites / top 10 startup curation tools who will bring a new dimmension for XXI Century Education although I discover this year more than 100 and you can read about here http://edtech20curationprojectineducation.blogspot.ro/ and about startup edtools and edapps here http://startup4edu.blogspot.ro/ and also about ipad apps to mLearning here : http://ipadappsineducationtomlearning.blogspot.ro/
1. Glogster Edu is my favorite curation and presentation tool and I am proud to be a Ambassador.This edu tool open gateway through knowledge for students because develop children’s creativity and innovation . Glogster EDU is the leading global education platform for the creative expression of knowledge and skills in the classroom and beyond. GlogsterEdu empower educators and students with the technology to create GLOGS - online multimedia posters - with text, photos, videos, graphics,sounds, drawings, data attachments and more. I made a GlogsterEdu for Curation Restart Education Project http://dumacornellucian.edu.glogster.com/credproject/
2. Scoop.it enables professionals to share important ideas with the right audiences giving them an opportunity to create and maintain a meaningful Web presence, a crucial component to the success of their business and career. Scoop.it lets you share ideas that matter and shine on the Web through beautiful topic pages. Collect relevant content and add your insight to attract an avid audience. Whether you’re a professional or educator representing a business or nonprofit, Scoop.it will help you efficiently and effectively build your online presence. Scoop.it is a one-stop shop for social media and content curation publishing. When you post on your topic page, you can easily share to your social networks including Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Google+. Advanced analytics available on Scoop.it Pro and customizable pages, post scheduling and Wordpress integration available on Scoop.it Business.
4.Pinterest lets you organize and share all the beautiful things you find on the web. Teachers use pinboards to manage their projects and also People use pinboards plan their weddings, decorate their homes, and organize their favorite recipes. Best of all, you can browse pinboards created by other people. Browsing pinboards is a fun way to discover new things and get inspiration from people who share your interests. To get started, request an invite or leave a comment after you read my post with your email and I will send you a invitation to try this curation tool . Also don't forget that you must pin a immage to bookmark on pinterest .
6. Mightybell This is about infusing passion and color into everyday life. Too often, we spend time on what we have to do, not what we want to do. We’ve lost the ability to follow what makes us curious, in favor of choosing what makes us more efficient.With Mightybell, you can step into a world of curiosity and serendipity. By making space for ideas, interests and adventures with friends, you’re embracing the opportunity to create a more colorful life. Each Mightybell space has a story, one you can share with as many likeminded people as you want. You can share : a question, an article, a link, a video or a photo about something that interests you is all you need to start a Mightybell space. After all, you never know when you’ll discover your next passion.
7. Springpad Smart Notebooks to save, share and act on what's important to you and to your friends .Springpad now makes it easy to invite your friends so you can make awesome notebooks together. Springpad is great for just about anything and it's even better when you invite your friends.Springing just got easier .Now you can just type in the information you want to save and let Springpad do the rest. Try typing in a task you want to remember, an event you want to save, a movie you want to see, or a product you want to buy. It's that easy!
8. SymbalooEdu is a social media curation tool, great resource for teachers. With Symbaloo you can: Gather the best content on the web about 1 topic, and present it on a webmix Share a webmix with other teachers, and students . Discover useful webmixes in the Symbaloo Gallery to use in the classroom Share a webmix withparents to provide some insight of the used materials A worthy mention: Symbaloo is free of charge and doesn’t include any annoying ads.
10 . Socl — pronounced social — allows you to express and share your ideas through rich post collages comprised of images, links, captions and videos.Socl is a research project from Microsoft Research FUSE Labs and began as an experiment in social search targeted at students for the purpose of learning. Following the lead of the Socl community, Socl has since evolved to be a service where people connect over shared interests expressed through beautiful posts that take only seconds to create.
With consideration and respect http://xeeme.com/Lucianecurator/ | <urn:uuid:e6677f13-8060-43af-969b-2ed995f1c907> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://teacherluciandumaweb20.blogspot.ro/2013/01/thank-you-efrontlearning-because-you.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281450.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00172-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.904598 | 1,210 | 1.703125 | 2 |
The Atlanta Falcons today announced a partnership with CogniSens Inc. The club will be using NeuroTracker, a 3D mental training program, to increase players’ awareness and focus.
NeuroTracker is a scientific innovation for measuring and improving cognitive performance in sports. Developed by a world-leading neurophysicist, the program trains multiple object tracking skills using a large 3D display and challenges athletes to spread their attention by tracking many targets at high speeds. NeuroTracker aims to enhance performance by training an athlete to absorb and process complex movement and distribute attentional resources throughout the visual field.
“As an organization we are always looking for ways to improve our player’s performance on the field,” Falcons General Manager Thomas Dimitroff said. “By partnering with CogniSens we believe that we will provide our players with an additional tool that they can use as they prepare. By utilizing NeuroTracker technology we feel that our players will get the most out of their classroom and meeting time.”
The validity of NeuroTracker is already well-established in the scientific press. A January 2013 article in the exclusive Nature online journal used NeuroTracker to show how professional athletes’ brains are superior to college students at dynamic scene processing. A January 2012 article in Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuropsychology used NeuroTracker as a way to help people improve perception of biological motion. More studies are underway linking NeuroTracker to elite performance, education, and medicine.
“The Atlanta Falcons are a forward-thinking organization”, CogniSens CEO Jean Castonguay said. “We are thrilled that they saw the connection between tactical awareness, situational awareness, and football intelligence. This collaboration is an important step in continuing to prove the performance transfer of our NeuroTracker product.” | <urn:uuid:9b41966a-908f-4d96-979a-d597f7277990> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.atlantafalcons.com/news/article-1/Falcons-Announce-Use-of-NeuroTracker/7aee2833-a84a-44e1-93b9-6166620b584a | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284411.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00465-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.935292 | 366 | 1.921875 | 2 |
Emerald Crown production
Classes P5 and P4/5 from Newton Primary in Dunblane wrote to tell us about their Emerald Crown production. The children had been studying rainforests and decided to raise money to help save them. The production (originally written by Debbie Campbell for WWF) is about a group of toucans who find their tree being burnt by some workers. A 21st Century Businessman has paid them lots of money to clear the trees for agriculture and for a highway. The toucans go to see their friends the anaconda and the jaguar and together they save the Rainforest.
The event was a big success and ticket sales, together with a raffle and guess the toucan's birthday game, raised £200, allowing the children to save 8 acres of rainforest.
The cast on their fabulous rainforest set | <urn:uuid:a2cb880b-7a2e-4f0d-b023-fc384dd09648> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.worldlandtrust.org/supporting/fundraising/newton-primary-dunblane-uk | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283301.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00506-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.972413 | 177 | 1.835938 | 2 |
The University of Michigan Library’s most famous papyrus, known to scholars as Papyrus 46 (or P46), is now widely available in the form of an app for iPhone and iPad. Users of “PictureIt: EP” can flip through high-resolution images of the 3rd century codex—the oldest known copy of the Letters of St. Paul—as though through pages of a book.
“This gives an idea of what it was like to read an ancient book, with no capitals, no spaces between words, and no punctuation,” explains Arthur Verhoogt, Acting Archivist of the Library’s Papyrology Collection. The app reveals a translation from the Greek into English with a touch of a finger, either word-by-word or by the page. Readily accessible annotations explain where the papyrus differs from the Standard Version that people know from their New Testament. They also point out scribal errors, which were common in an era when books were copied entirely by hand.
The codex in its entirety was originally made up of 104 leaves (pages), of which 86 survive. The University of Michigan purchased thirty leaves in the 1930s from antiquities dealers in Egypt, and the remaining 56 leaves (which are not included in the app) reside in the Chester Beatty Library in Dublin, Ireland.
To download the free app onto your iPhone or iPad, go to the iTunes Store and search for “PictureIt: EP.” The app has not yet been optimized for the iPhone 5.
Who knew… Via Tommy Wasserman on the twitter.
UPDATE: I’ve played around with it and it’s fantastic! I recommend it. Highly. | <urn:uuid:f5b4858a-579a-43d9-ad7b-1aaa0c185762> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://zwingliusredivivus.wordpress.com/2013/01/14/p46-is-now-available-as-an-app/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281353.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00067-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.9638 | 354 | 2.671875 | 3 |
There are 4 Chambers in a Heart, 2 superior chambers the atrium are the receiving chambers and 2 inferior ventricles are the pumping chambers.
On the surface, there are 2 sulci- Coronary sulcus lies in between the paired atrium and the paired ventricles, and the anterior and posterior intraventricular sulcus lies between the ventricles anteriorly and posteriorly respectively.
The right atrium receives blood through 3 vessels – Superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, and coronary sinus. Then with high-pressure blood from the right atrium moves into the right ventricle by a tricuspid valve (right atrioventicular or AV valve).
With a pressure rise in the right ventricle, blood ejects into the pulmonary trunk through the SL valve (pulmonary valve). In both ventricle the raised cardiac muscle bundles are called trabeculae carneae and some of the cone-shaped bundles are papillary muscles that attach with a tendon-like cord called chordae tendineae.
Blood in the left atrium is received by 4 pulmonary veins and with higher pressure, it moves into the left ventricle by a bicuspid valve (left atrioventricular valve or AV valve or Mitral valve).
From the rising pressure in the left ventricle, blood moves into the aorta by an aortic valve (SL valve), and as the ventricle relaxes blood returning back into the ventricle but free margins of the cusps closes the opening.
Download the App: Android App
For more Lectures, please visit-
YouTube Channel – NursingLecture
Facebook – Facebook Page | <urn:uuid:6c65c6ed-43b7-483f-bca3-9c505835621b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://nursinglecture.com/internal-structure-of-the-heart-chambers-and-valves/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00277.warc.gz | en | 0.845434 | 357 | 3.6875 | 4 |
The Swedish Fellowship of Reconciliation (SweFOR) is a nonviolence movement that works for peace and justice. Our aim is a world free from violence, be it in the form of war, oppression or injustice.
We bring people together in the hope of a new society – a world of peace and justice, where military might is disarmed and where conflicts are prevented by peaceful means. One of our contributions is being a presence in areas of conflict. We support local peace actors in various parts of the world in their work to strengthen human rights and build peace, through non-violent methods.
SweFOR also analyses security and defence policy in Sweden and is pushing for world leaders to sign up to forceful disarmament agreements and to prevent violent conflict. Together with our partner organizations, we raise awareness and campaign against the trade in and production of weapons. Training in non-violence, conflict and religious dialogue are regularly organised by us. SweFOR is a member of the International Fellowship of Reconciliation (IFOR).
”There is no way to peace, peace is the way.”Mahatma Gandhi
Our work for peace
At SweFOR, we have extensive experience accompanying human rights defenders and other peaceful civil society actors.
Every year, SweFOR sends peace observers to countries of conflict to participate in the work for peace, democracy and human rights. They become part of a global network trained to report human rights abuses and to protect the people who actively work for peace and justice. Currently, we are implementing international accompaniment projects in Mexico, Guatemala and Colombia.
> Learn more
> Learn more
> Learn more
SweFOR provides support and works together with nonviolence movements in South Sudan, Western Sahara and Colombia.
Through nonviolent methods, SweFOR works for peace and human rights together with our partner organizations. We organize trainings and exchanges in South Sudan and Western Sahara and support the rights of conscientious objectors in Colombia.
SweFOR works to prevent armed violence and improve the regulation of small arms and light weapons (SALW) in the world.
SweFOR supports our partner organizations in their advocacy work to reduce access and demand for weapons. By financing studies and research from a civil society perspective, we contribute to a better understanding of the causes and consequenses of armed violence. Through networking and exchanges between organizations, we strengthen the capacity of civil society organizations to work for disarmament and arms control.
You are most welcome to contact us!
Click on the links above for specific contact information to staff working with your area of interest, or use the contact information below.
+46 (0)8 453 68 40
Swedish Fellowship of Reconciliation / Kristna Fredsrörelsen
Box 140 38
167 14 Bromma | <urn:uuid:76789996-4821-4cad-9d2b-73ec06ef2d8c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://krf.se/en/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282202.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00557-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.919729 | 562 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Developing and Implementing a Comprehensive K–3 Reading Framework to Improve Outcomes for Struggling Readers
The Wyoming Department of Education (WDE) is focused on helping Fremont County Local Education Agencies (LEAs) meet WY HB0297 requirements for selecting and implementing evidence-based reading programs, assessments, and interventions for K–3 students. The goal of this project is to help WDE improve access to programs and educators trained in equity-based practices and to improve K–3 reading outcomes for struggling readers (e.g., Native American students, English learners, and students with disabilities). R11CC will help WDE and LEA staff increase their knowledge of how to develop a logic model to guide this high-leverage work. Additionally, the R11CC will support WDE as they create improved policies, practices, and systems to develop, implement, monitor, and evaluate K–3 comprehensive reading programs through the use of evidence-based practices, assessments, and interventions to support struggling readers.
Aligning Educational Support Systems in Wyoming
The project team comprises WDE staff and Wyoming educators focused on developing potential changes to a state Boards of Cooperative Educational Services (BOCES) and Boards of Cooperative Higher Education Services programs (BOCHES) programs, which will offer opportunities to improve student outcomes for multiple student groups.
R11CC staff will provide technical assistance to the WDE and Local Education Agency staff, including project facilitation, professional learning, and project management. The goal of the project is to foster an increased knowledge and understanding of the state program and potential approaches of national Shared Service Center (SSC) models. This project is intended to help WDE and LEA staff increase their understanding and knowledge of the state’s needs relative to the BOCES and BOCHES programs. WDE’s goal is to improve their policies, practices, and systems so that they can develop, implement, monitor, and evaluate possible BOCES and BOCHES program changes. The project is expected to improve access to programs, services, certified educators and specialists who can help improve academic outcomes for underrepresented student groups.
This report provides a summary of key learnings before outlining six overall recommendations for consideration by WDE to improve the efficiency of the current shared services model in Wyoming.
This executive summary gives six overall recommendations to improve the fiscal and operational efficiency of Wyoming’s current BOCES/BOCHES system structure.
A Survey and Assessment of Culturally Based Education Programs for Native American Students in the United States
A review of the programs in the survey indicated that there were five types of culturally based education programs and four types of programs that were not culturally based.
School Districts Participate in Needs-Sensing with the University of Wyoming Literacy Research Center Clinic
The Wyoming Department of Education (WDE) and the Region 11 Comprehensive Center (R11CC) have partnered to improve K–3 reading for struggling readers by increasing the effectiveness of Tier 1 instruction so that all students gain foundational reading skills.
In 2019, the Wyoming Legislature commissioned the Wyoming Government Savings and Efficiency Project Final Report.
This brief defines the variables a state or district leadership team might consider as they determine if they are “ready” to invest in the scaling‐up of an innovation in education. | <urn:uuid:aec5193e-4b57-4d89-a249-ad0958fbf0b1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://region11cc.org/our-work/wyoming/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00277.warc.gz | en | 0.93357 | 679 | 2.453125 | 2 |
- ›› Coverage Geographical : the North
Slavery played a prominent role in America’s political, social, and economic history in the antebellum era. The “peculiar institution” was at the forefront of discussions ranging from the future of the nation’s economy to western expansion and the admission of new states into the Union. The public discourse in the first half of the nineteenth century exposed the nation’s ambivalence about slavery and race. Politicians were increasingly pressured to make their opinions known, and Abraham Lincoln was no exception.... | <urn:uuid:b04b2262-a42e-47e1-ad32-31813ce021ef> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.gilderlehrman.org/category/coverage-geographical/north-0 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281331.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00219-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.934229 | 119 | 3.765625 | 4 |
Electronic Transfer of Prescription (ETP) involves the creation of an electronic message (alongside a legal paper prescription) which is transmitted to a prescription exchange service (PES). A pharmacy can then dispense the medications from the paper prescription, but supported by electronically retrieving the prescription details from the PES to improve efficiency and reduce the opportunity for errors transcribing prescription information from paper.
In Australia, vendors can use specifications for ETP Level 1 from ATS4888.2-2013, which allows transfer of electronic prescriptions (from paper prescriptions) in a nationally consistent manner.
Electronic Transfer of Prescription flow
- The prescribing clinician, after consultation with the patient, prescribes the patient their medication. This information is captured in the clinician’s local system and a paper prescription is handed to the patient.
- The prescribing system uploads the prescription to a prescription exchange service (PES).
- The dispensing pharmacist receives the paper prescription from the patient and, retrieves the prescription from the PES.
- The pharmacist, after validating and dispensing the medication to the patient, records the information in the dispensing system, which uploads that information to the PES.
The Australian Digital Health Agency has provided the following specifications that apply to electronic prescribing described above: | <urn:uuid:f44e0b82-54d2-4f58-8bca-2905df1204c3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://developer.digitalhealth.gov.au/products/electronic-transfer-prescription | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.860601 | 271 | 1.570313 | 2 |
by Eric Maisel, PhD
“What man needs is not a tensionless state but rather the striving and struggling for some goal worthy of him. What he needs is not the discharge of tension at any cost, but the call of a potential meaning waiting to be fulfilled by him.”
Victor Frankl - author of Man's Search For Meaning
first objection is that donning the mantle of meaning-maker is somehow
an arrogant, pompous, self-important thing to do.
laugh with the other sophisticated parents about our children’s
drinking — only after three of them are killed in a car accident do we
say what we believed all along that there was too much drinking going
it felt too difficult to say what we knew to be true and today it is
easy to say it — but it took a tragedy to unseal our lips.
not arrogant to speak your truth. It is, however, difficult, and for
difficult, first of all, because it must actually be your truth and not
some piety or opinion you are mouthing because it serves you, masks
some hatred, avoids responsibility, or in some way pays lip service to
principles or ideals while actually only protecting your ego and your
is arrogant, to speak as if you were being truthful and feign righteous
indignation when in fact you have gone to no deeper, more honorable
place than self-interest. Making your own meaning is very different
from that, and not arrogant but heroic.
2. Meaning-making flies in the face of
second objection is that to don the mantle of meaning-maker is to break
with tradition. Most traditions do indeed point a finger at anyone who
announces that he knows what he knows and believes what he believes and
you must indeed break with that part of a tradition.
in a tradition like Zen Buddhism, where a central tenet is that no one
should claim more knowledge than anyone else, the very hierarchy that
produces Zen Masters supports the unspoken core principle of every
institution, that some people are on top and that everyone else should
defer to them.
will need to choose what part of your tradition you can accept—if any.
not like to fly in the face of tradition—the very phrase makes us a
little squeamish. Tradition is what we know and it may feel like the
glue holding a fragile world together.
to ourselves, “Yes, it is just a tradition, but no doubt it serves some
purpose, so although I don’t really believe in it, I can live with it
and, more than that, I need it.”
donning the mantle of meaning-maker involves choosing where to invest
meaning and where to divest meaning, a position that would force you to
look at your group’s traditions with a new, more critical eye, and
since the possibility of losing those traditions makes you sad, scared,
and squeamish, you back off from donning that mantle.
the smarter, braver part of you knows that a tradition is only of value
if it is of value.
be your group’s tradition to abort girl fetuses, burn witches at the
stake, or damn everyone but members of your group to hell.
the more innocent-seeming family, community, or religious traditions
may exist solely as a function of the ability of some authority (like a
father, a President, or a God) to make demands.
honest person, you know how unrighteous that seems as a reason to honor
a tradition. Part of you feels that there is something deeply right
about tradition and part of you knows that a given tradition ought to
be honored only if it ought to be honored.
brave and look at your tradition with open eyes. If you must reject it,
because you no longer can accept its central tenets, bravely do exactly
that. If you wish to retain it, look for the existential thread in your
tradition that supports personal meaning-making.
3. Meaning-making is an obscure phrase
easy to throw up your hands and cry, “I don’t get the idea of
meaning-making. How can you make meaning? Either there is meaning or
there isn’t. You can’t just make meaning like you can make a car or a
violin. No, I don’t get it—so I think I’ll pass!”
objection is at once reasonable and fully disingenuous. It is
disingenuous because each of us follows a path of complete mystery
already, buying concepts like Holy Spirit, karma, or nirvana without
blinking and, more tellingly, knowing in our bones what the phrase
“making meaning” signifies.
know perfectly well that it is comprised of ideas like personal
responsibility, courage, engagement, and authenticity.
part of the objection is not at all disingenuous. It is the part where
we cry out in pain. What we are objecting to is not the obscurity of
the phrase but the nature of the universe the phrase posits.
object to a universe where meaning has to be made. We object to a
universe that is meaningless until we force it to mean. We object to
nature pulling this dirty trick and making us a partner to it, giving
us exactly two choices, to not look this reality square in the eye and
live as a coward, or to see what is required and live as an absurd
not the obscurity of the phrase “making meaning” that disturbs us but
what it says about life. It is hard to meet the objection that we would
like life to be other than it is.
way we meet it is with a certain maturity of being, by asking ourselves
to face this central reality, that meaning must be made, and all the
peripheral realities, that meaning can be lost in the blink of an eye,
that meanings change, and all the rest. We understand what this
maturity of being feels like and we understand that it is available to
need to do is stand up and embrace it.
4. Meaning-making demands too much personal
can you smoke two packs a day and claim to be making meaning? How can
you kick your dog as a stand-in for your boss and claim to be making
can you watch television four hours every night when your pet project
remains untouched and claim to be making meaning?
can’t—and you know it. As long as you prefer not to take personal
responsibility for your life, you will sprint rather than stroll away
from the idea of making meaning.
protect all the places where we want to abdicate personal
responsibility, we create a worldview where personal responsibility is
minimized. We cast blame, announce that everything happens for a
reason, invoke fate, consult our chart, submit to God’s will.
host of ways we protect our desire not to take personal responsibility
for our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.
is natural—but it does not make us proud. We would love to take that
responsibility and make ourselves proud, but we know ourselves too well
and doubt that we are equal to the task.
have drifted off too many diets, left too many books unwritten,
squandered too many hours, and failed to rise to the occasion more
times than we care to remember.
You can leave it at that, remain disappointed in your efforts, and
throw in the towel, or you can take a deep breath, locate that place
inside of yourself that relishes effort and that takes pride and joy in
trying, and cast aside this objection.
can say, “I accept responsibility”—because that is exactly what you’ve
5. Meaning-making is too much work
want to kick back—you don’t want to make meaning. You want to get the
items on your to-do list checked off and be done with work—you don’t
want to make meaning after work.
want the company picnic, the Saturday movie, the visit with friends,
the things that you do to be just what they are without adding on the
taxing matter of whether they are meaningful or not.
don’t want everything you do to come with this added task, of judging
its meaningfulness. You don’t want every passing second to come with
this added demand, that you invest it with some meaning.
It makes a person exhausted just thinking about it.
enough—if you think that ease has value. But no existential person
really does, nor do most of the world’s traditions.
Judeo-Christian tradition, you aren’t offered six Sabbaths and one day
of work. It is a tenet of the authentic person to work at the project
of life, as that work is life, it is the very way we justify ourselves,
create ourselves, and make ourselves proud.
our obligation and the way we express our love of life.
Ernest Becker put it, “When we understand that man is the only animal
who must create meaning, who must open a wedge into neutral nature, we
understand the essence of love.”
accept that meaning-making is work, but it is the loving work of
self-creation. It isn’t slave labor or a life sentence but rather the
choice we make about how we intend to live our life.
if it were slave labor and a life sentence, we might still be able to
smile and accept our lot. That is the message in Albert Camus’s famous
essay “The Myth of Sisyphus,” in which the narrator discovers that he
can retain his freedom of attitude even though he is sentenced to an
eternity of pushing boulders up a mountain.
for us, it isn’t slave labor: it is only and exactly the loving work we
choose to do to make our life as meaningful as we can possibly make it.
6. Meaning-making involves too much
a simple truth, though not very well understood, that choosing provokes
anxiety. It can—and often does—make us anxious choosing which new car
to buy, whether to accept or reject a new suitor, even whether to go
for the cereal that tastes good or the cereal that is good for us.
hurry along all of this choosing, so as to get past the feelings of
anxiety that attend to each choice, we make snap decisions (and often
call that “using our intuition”). Many of our actions in life occur
simply because we will do almost anything not to think too hard about
the choices in the front of us.
this ubiquitous dynamic, of avoiding choices at all costs, it is
natural that we will not want to make meaning, which amounts to making
one choice after another until the end of time.
is hard enough choosing which cereal to buy, how much harder it will be
choosing where to invest your meaning minute after minute and day after
day! Better to stay with a simple routine, keep your head down and your
clothes clean, move another day closer to retirement, and not think too
much about meaning.
anything than a mountain of choosing! This is entirely understandable.
But it isn’t authentic. Freedom equals choosing: there is no
intellectual freedom, no personal freedom, no human freedom without a
commitment to lifelong choosing.
value that means something to you is involved, you must make a
choice—or fail yourself by not choosing. When work that means something
to you is at stake, you must choose to do it—or fail yourself by not
choosing to do it.
you can orchestrate a way of being that minimizes choosing, rather than
frankly and forthrightly considering the countless meaning choices that
confront you. That would be far easier—only dishonest.
~ ~ ~
Maisel, Ph.D. holds Master's
degrees in Creative Writing and Counseling, and a Doctorate in
Counseling Psychology. He is a
California licensed marriage and family
therapist, a creativity
coach and trainer of
creativity coaches, and teaches through lectures, workshops, and
Dr. Maisel is widely regarded as America's foremost creativity coach and has taught thousands of creative and performing artists how to incorporate Ten Zen Second mindfulness techniques into their creativity practice. See his site EricMaisel.com for ebooks and more information on his work.
He is the author of more than thirty
books - some titles at right:
Also see more articles by Eric Maisel.
Related Talent Development Resources pages:
Achievement / success articles
Change / coaching / self-help articles
~ ~ ~ | <urn:uuid:1c87c8f7-c8fe-4404-b795-b9687399c40d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://talentdevelop.com/articles/MakingMeaning1.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284405.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00034-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.948903 | 2,735 | 2.265625 | 2 |
The Cobham PHANTOM Jump Bottle System represents the next
generation in parachutist oxygen equipment. When combined with the
new PHANTOM mask and regulator assembly, the new system is a
breakthrough in comfort and performance.
The PHANTOM Jump Bottle System uses state-of-the-art material
technology to provide significantly increased oxygen supply
durations while reducing the overall weight of the system.
The system consists of a lightweight carbonfiber full composite
(CFFC) oxygen cylinder and pressure reducer assembly. When filled
to 3,000 psig, it provides 410 liters of breathable oxygen, 45%
more than comparable systems.
The system is supplied with a 39-inch, small diameter flexible
hose which can connect to either the PHANTOM or other mask systems.
The new hose has a smaller diameter than previous systems. This
minimizes interference with jump equipment and offers greater
Additionally, the PHANTOM jump bottle can be used by aircrew as
a portable or walk around oxygen bottle.
Part number: B47310-1 | <urn:uuid:29068aa9-a8d5-4873-8f4b-4126e9ed7602> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.cobham.com/mission-systems/oxygen-systems/parachutist-oxygen-systems/phantom-high-altitude-jump-bottle-system/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283008.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00081-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.873697 | 227 | 1.695313 | 2 |
To extend our previous discussion about Data Bars to show how a piece of data in a list stacks up against the rest I thought that we might take a look at the conditional formatting options within the Top/Bottom rules.
Basically, they’re rules you can use to visually point out the top (top values, top percent of items, above average, etc.) and/or the bottom items in a data set.
A common use for me, as a teacher, is to take my student’s grades and then use the conditional formatting that points out all values below average.
Maybe you’ve got sales figures and need to know who were the top ten sellers.
Whatever you’re looking to do concerning the top or bottom portion of a data set is probably covered here:
Home tab of the Ribbon, Conditional Formatting button, Top/Bottom Rules choice.
As you can see you’ve got three choices for the top data (by number of items, by percent of items and above average) and the same three choices for the bottom portion of the data.
To use them start with your data set selected navigate to the Top/Bottom Rules on the Home tab.
Then choose a rule – for the sake of my example I’ll choose Bottom 10 Items.
The following dialog box will open:
The first thing to note is that on the left you can change the number of items to which the formatting will actually be applied.
The second thing to note is that on the right you have a drop-down list of formatting choices.
These options allow for multiple rules to be applied to the same set of data.
By choosing one format for the bottom 10 items and another for the top 10 items you’ll have both ends of the spectrum clearly marked.
You’ll find that you can adjust the top or bottom percent of items to format. (Maybe you need the top 20% – it works just like the item count – you can change the value once the dialog box opens.)
And, as you may expect, you can change the cell formatting choice for any of these rules so you really need to be careful or you could end up with way too much formatting on the cells… to the point where it no longer makes any sense at all.
So… while we’re on that thought… how do we clear the conditional formatting out of these cells?
It wouldn’t be a big surprise to find that you’ve formatted either too much or have changed your mind and need to clear it out of there.
At the end of the Conditional Formatting button‘s list you’ll find an entry to Clear Rules.
Choose from where you want the rules cleared away. (If you choose Selected Cells then you’ll need them selected prior to starting this process.)
Why use this in place of some other way of removing cell formatting?
Well… by using this to clear the Conditional Formatting Rules out it will leave the other formatting applied to the cell and it’s contents. It only clears out changes made by the rules themselves.
And there you have it – just one more of the many ways Excel 2007 gives you to easily do some basic analysis of your data. | <urn:uuid:c923ebb0-257f-4cd8-99bf-0454d2b69954> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.worldstart.com/ms-excel-2007-top-and-bottom-rules/print/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284405.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00041-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.896317 | 676 | 3.109375 | 3 |
What is meant by program design?
Program design is the process that an organization uses to develop a program. It is most. often an iterative process involving research, consultation, initial design, testing and. redesign. A program design is the plan of action that results from that process.5.
What is a program design in computer science?
[′prō·grəm di‚zīn] (computer science) The phase of computer program development in which the hardware and software resources needed by the program are identified and the logic to be used by the program is determined.
What are the 3 phases of program design?
During the Strategy Development phase, you decide what kind of energy efficiency activities to undertake, and during the Planning phase, you develop detailed plans for program success. You execute program activities in the Implementation phase, and in the Evaluation phase, you assess how well your program is working.
How do you write a program design?
How to design a new program
- Find out what the problem is. …
- Find out who the stakeholders are. …
- Think about what resources and skills you have available. …
- Research which interventions are effective. …
- Choose your goal and how to measure it. …
- Identify which activities are likely to lead to the goal. …
- Create the documentation.
What is programming and program design?
Program design consists of the steps a programmer should take before they start coding a program. These steps when properly documented will make the completed program easier for other programmers to maintain in the future. … Understanding the Program. Using Design Tools to Create a Model. Developing Test Data.
What is program design education?
Program design includes planning for the learning environment and experience through conceptualizing change and selecting program activities to bring about desired results.
What is program design Wikipedia?
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Program Design Language (or PDL, for short) is a method for designing and documenting methods and procedures in software.
What are the stages involved in program design?
Within four steps, 1) Programme identification, 2) Programme formulation, 3) Implementation planning and budgeting, 4) Planning of monitoring and evaluation, as well as a set of tools to systematises the setting of objectives and assumptions for a development programme and their analysis, any programme can be …
What is the stage 4 of Program Design?
Stage 4: Testing
There’s also a final testing phase before the software is implemented. In this stage, we bring in a group of users to test the product and give us feedback. User testing is important because it helps uncover issues that may not be obvious to our developers.
What is the program planning cycle?
What is the programming code?
Conversely, programming code is the instructions given to a machine to create a computer program.
Why do we design a program?
Tasks like finding bugs, debugging, restructuring, and changing the functionality of specific elements in the software application become quite easy due to software design. A good software design gives you the privilege of changing the appearance, functionality, etc, of the software by working on a specific module.
What is design program architecture?
Which is better coding or programming?
Coders are mainly used to translate the requirements and their logic into a language that machines can understand whereas Programming deals with much more than that. … Coding is the initial step of developing any software and thus it is much easier and simpler to analyze and understand than Programming.
What is algorithm programming?
What is program design in software engineering?
Program design consists of the steps a programmer should do before they start coding the program in a specific language. These steps when properly documented will make the completed program easier for other programmers to maintain in the future.
best fit of elements required for a program to be effective. Program design involves translating the. program objectives, with a thorough understanding of the social issue and needs of the target. population, into new or improved services. The goal of program design is to establish those services.
What is design pattern with example?
Design patterns provide a standard terminology and are specific to particular scenario. For example, a singleton design pattern signifies use of single object so all developers familiar with single design pattern will make use of single object and they can tell each other that program is following a singleton pattern.
What is software design and implementation?
Software design is a creative activity in which you identify software components and their relationships, based on a customer’s requirements. ▪ Implementation is the process of realizing the design as a program.
What are design phase activities?
In the design phase, one or more designs are developed, with which the project result can apparently be achieved. … The project supervisors use these designs to choose the definitive design that will be produced in the project. This is followed by the development phase.
What is programming explain the steps of programming?
What is software design process?
What are the 5 steps in program development process?
Program development life cycle (PDLC) The process containing the five phases of program development: analyzing, designing, coding, debugging and testing, and implementing and maintaining application software.
What are the 5 stages of SDLC?
The SDLC process includes planning, designing, developing, testing and deploying with ongoing maintenance to create and manage applications efficiently.
What is first step in software design?
Known as the ‘software development life cycle,’ these six steps include planning, analysis, design, development & implementation, testing & deployment and maintenance.
What is program planning in public health?
Program planning is a multi-step process that generally begins with the definition of the problem and development of an evaluation plan. Although specific steps may vary, they usually include a feedback loop, with findings from program evaluation being used for program improvement.
What is project planning?
What are the 6 steps in the planning process?
The six steps are:
- Step 1 – Identifying problems and opportunities.
- Step 2 – Inventorying and forecasting conditions.
- Step 3 – Formulating alternative plans.
- Step 4 – Evaluating alternative plans.
- Step 5 – Comparing alternative plans.
- Step 6 – Selecting a plan.
What are programming skills?
(ˈprəʊɡræmɪŋ skɪlz) plural noun. computing. the skills required to write a program so that data may be processed by a computer.
What is difference between coding and programming?
What programming means?
Definition of programming
1 : the planning, scheduling, or performing of a program. 2a : the process of instructing or learning by means of an instructional program. b : the process of preparing an instructional program for a device (such as a computer)
What is the role of a software design?
A software designer is responsible for problem-solving and planning for a software solution. After the purpose and specifications of software are determined, software developers will design or employ designers to develop a plan for a solution.
What program do most architects use?
Top Ten Design Software for Architects | <urn:uuid:634ac65e-03e6-4aeb-877f-c5e57679ae2d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://listvidz.com/what-is-program-design/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573029.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817153027-20220817183027-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.917054 | 1,475 | 3.390625 | 3 |
With Facebook’s introduction of bots on Messenger last month, chatbots, which have been around for decades, have suddenly taken the leap from fun toy project to cutting-edge business proposition. With this rapid rise to prominence, it’s critical to differentiate the hype from the true value bots can offer when you consider using one for your business.
Here are some best practices to make sure your chatbot development project succeeds and doesn’t turn into another Tay, the short-lived, bigoted A.I.-powered bot we came to know and fear.
1. Set clear goals
Since there are real costs to developing a chatbot, have a clear idea of what you hope to get out of the endeavor. Is it an opportunity to drive new sales? To learn from your existing customers? To streamline internal processes? Before jumping in, have clear ideas about who will be developing, testing and maintaining the chatbot as well as the value you hope to get from the project.
A chatbot is an IT project. It requires developers and testers. It should be integrated into your larger information infrastructure and maintained. As your product lists and goals change, you’ll need to update your chatbot too.
2. Find the right use cases
Some customer interactions are better served by a chatbot than others. If there are many specific choices a customer needs to make, you might be better off using a simple web form interface. If a process is high value and very personalized, like a sales pitch, you may want to keep a human in the loop.
So where do chatbots work best? They can listen to a customer’s needs and help filter through a long list of choices, prompting the user for relevant information as required. They can use a customer’s stated goal to perform more accurate search. They can inject whimsy into a process. And they can gather targeted feedback during an interaction.
Consider a hybrid approach. If an existing shopping experience is working, you might include a helpful bot to answer questions off to the side and let the user navigate your inventory as they currently do.
3. Connect to existing systems
A chatbot needs to know about your business, and it needs to communicate what it learns to the appropriate employees. The worst way to accomplish that is to expect everyone to come to the bot. Don’t give your chatbot an explicit product list that’s certain to continually fall out of date. Connect it to your existing product database. Don’t tell the sales team to log into a chatbot administration console to see what leads have come in. Export those directly to the existing sales management tools in use at your business. A well designed chatbot should fit naturally into your business setting like a new employee.
4. Plan for failure
Humans will invariably ask questions you didn’t predict during design. Even the fanciest machine learning models powering your bot will make mistakes. Build expectations of failure into your bot. A user should always have an easy method to restart a conversation or back up to a previous stage. If the bot gets confused, it should fail gracefully. Politely ask the user to state what they’re trying to accomplish. Sometimes a clearer explanation can get the bot back on track. If not, log the user’s goal and add new branches to the chatbot later to deal with this case. If you can reliably catch the tasks that a user failed to accomplish, you’ll have the data to make the most impactful updates next time you upgrade the bot.
Promoted view from a Capgemini Expert
«The Next Digital is the Digital of Next. AI and Cognitive solutions are in to make a radical change»
5. Pay attention to tone
Your chatbot is a face of your organization and an opportunity to delight or enrage existing and prospective customers. Just like an employee will tailor their language to a customer’s tone, a chatbot needs to be aware of the reactions it is eliciting. Simply conveying concern and understanding towards a frustrating situation can go a long way towards alleviating hostilities. If a customer is praising your products or company, conveying happiness and gratitude will help cement the goodwill.
Sentiment analysis is a powerful tool for determining the emotional content of a message and a useful marker for controlling the flow of a conversation. Also, be ever vigilant for requests to speak with a human. Even if you have to take an email address and promise to get back to them, if the bot is not fulfilling a prospect’s needs, make sure you give them some human attention rather than leave them to turn to a competitor.
A chatbot isn’t just a new medium for conveying information to customers. It’s a new opportunity to learn from the wider world. How is your brand being perceived? Which products are causing issues? What features in your products are driving sales? What concerns do customers have about your company? And how does that correlate with geography or gender or customer loyalty or any other variable you might be able to measure?
Does your sales staff have questions it would like answered by prospects? Does development want to float a feature idea to the wider market? Is marketing concerned with whether a particular message is being picked up? A chatbot gives you a natural place to just ask. A chatbot is an opportunity to learn from anyone who will talk to it, both through targeted and open-ended questions. If you’ve got existing business intelligence capabilities, the transcripts of chatbot conversations are a valuable source of additional insight. If you don’t, a chatbot is a great place to start!
Mauricio Padilla is president of Lexalytics. He has over seven years experience in enterprise software sales, professional services, project management, and consulting.
This article was written by Mauricio Padilla and Lexalytics from VentureBeat and was legally licensed through the NewsCred publisher network. | <urn:uuid:3016886b-d860-4235-bf43-e8122cc0e35a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.content-loop.com/dont-crash-and-burn-with-your-bot-6-best-practices/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279169.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00218-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.942642 | 1,226 | 1.75 | 2 |
|Publication number||US5430728 A|
|Application number||US 08/246,379|
|Publication date||Jul 4, 1995|
|Filing date||May 19, 1994|
|Priority date||Dec 10, 1992|
|Publication number||08246379, 246379, US 5430728 A, US 5430728A, US-A-5430728, US5430728 A, US5430728A|
|Inventors||N. Anantha Narayanan, James A. Cobban, Pierre Cousineau, Wing K. Ling|
|Original Assignee||Northern Telecom Limited|
|Export Citation||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Patent Citations (7), Referenced by (29), Classifications (6), Legal Events (7)|
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet|
This is a continuation application of application Ser. No. 07/990,775, filed Dec. 10, 1992, now abandoned.
The present invention relates generally to LAN interconnection using source routing LAN bridges. Specifically, the invention is directed to a single-route broadcasting scheme for interconnected LANs, or, more specifically, a scheme of selecting or maintaining a designated source routing bridge between two or more interconnected LANs or LAN segments for single-route broadcasting.
Local Area Networks (LAN) have been the most popular means of interconnecting communicating computing devices in recent years. The reason for its popularity may be attributed largely to the proliferation of personal computers and the wave of departmentalization of data resources in all types of industries. With the rapid growth of LANs, they are likely to be interconnected for greater geographical spread as well as for overcoming the size limitation imposed by LAN technologies. LANs and groups of LANs (LAN segments) are also likely to be connected through a packet switching wide area network (WAN) for the same reasons. When two or more LANs are interconnected to each other, the devices may communicate by using bridges, routers and/or gateways.
The bridges can be classified into two categories: (a) those that determine which frames from the local LAN are to be forwarded across to the remote LAN based on the station MAC (media access control) address found in the frames. These bridges do not require the source or destination station to be aware that they belong to two different LANs and hence make the bridging transparent to the LAN stations. For this reason, this type of bridge is called a transparent bridge. (b) Those that determine which frames from the local LAN are to be forwarded across to the remote LAN based on the routing indicators found in the frames. These bridges require the source station to place the routing information in the frame indicating how the frame is to be routed across a bridged network. For this reason, this type of bridge is called a source routing bridge. One of the important aspects of source routing bridges is their ability to establish an efficient route between the source and the destination prior to the start of communication. The source station specifies explicitly the route which a frame is to follow. In order to locate the destination station that belongs to another LAN and possible paths to it, the source station performs route discovery by using one of the following methods.
In the first method, the source station sends an all-route broadcast frame ("all-route explorer frame" in the IEEE terminology) and the source-routing bridges copy the frame across all possible paths. Therefore, the destination station at the other side of the network will receive as many copies of the frame from the source station as there are paths through the network between them. Each of these all-route broadcast frames contains in its routing information field a record of the exact route which it followed across the network, bridge by bridge. Each all-route broadcast frame received by the destination station is returned to the source station as a specifically routed frame tracing back the route it has taken. The source station, after receiving the specifically routed frames, picks one route as the preferred route.
In the second method, the source station sends a single-route broadcast frame ("spanning tree explorer frame" in the IEEE terminology) to the destination station. This single-route broadcast frame instructs the source-routing bridges to broadcast the received frame in such a way that only a single copy of the frame appears on each LAN segment. The source routing bridges do this by means of a protocol modelled on the spanning tree protocol which is widely used for the transparent bridges. This spanning tree protocol for source routing bridges selects one out of two or more parallel source routing bridges connecting two LAN segments for copying frames so that only one copy of a single-route broadcast frame exists in each LAN segment, i.e. no looping paths are created. The destination station will receive a single copy of the frame, announcing to it that a connection is desired. The destination station then responds to this request with an all-route broadcast frame. If there are multiple routes between the source station and the destination station, the source station will receive multiple copies of the frame. Each copy of the all-route broadcast frame received by the source station has a unique route description in its routing information field. The source station chooses one of the routes discovered as the preferred route. All subsequent frames contain routing information indicating this selected specific route.
The discovered route may be the route followed by the first frame to be received (the quickest route), or the route with the fewest number of hops among the first few responses (the shortest route). In the subsequent transmission this route is identified in the first frame to be sent with a specific route chosen by the station which initiated the route discovery.
Whichever method is used, the operational cost of the network with source routing bridges or a bridged internetwork is high. Two factors contribute to the operational costs. (a) Frequent broadcast during the destination station discovery and subsequent route determination load the network. Traffic due to all-route broadcast multiplies at every step of delivery through the network. (b) In a large internetwork consisting of a WAN or WANs, spanning tree protocol may consume a large amount of WAN bandwidth.
As described in detail in U.S. Pat. No. 4,901,312, issued Feb. 13, 1990 (Hui et al), it is also known that a packet switching network formed by network modules such as the Northern Telecom DPN-100 (Trade Mark) line of products can interconnect more than one LAN segment by way of source routing bridges through a virtual ring created in the packet switching network. In these cases, more than one LAN or LAN segments are connected to the packet switching network, each by one or more source routing bridges. However, it is undesirable to propagate the spanning tree protocol frames across the packet switching network (WAN) because they would be sent to all of the bridges in the network, that is to say, all LANs and all LAN segments connecting through the network will form one giant spanning tree. This would increase the amount of traffic through the packet switching network, and the spanning tree algorithm itself would tend to break down because of the long delays through the network. A breakdown of the algorithm can lead to unstable network topologies, and routing loops, which would aggravate the traffic problems. It is also true that when there is a topology change in the network, a large spanning tree takes longer to stabilize than a small spanning tree.
Therefore, the source routing bridges must determine among themselves which bridge will forward the single-route broadcast frames in and out of the source LAN, without using the spanning tree protocol. A novel procedure is proposed for this purpose. Where there are two or more source routing bridges connecting LANs, LAN segments, and a packet switching network, this procedure will ensure that there is only one single-route data path between the two adjacent networks and it also provides a means for automatic selection or maintenance of a designated source routing bridge among the parallel bridges to form such a data path.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method of selecting or maintaining a designated source routing bridge among two or more parallel source routing bridges connecting two LANs.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a method of selecting or maintaining a designated source routing bridge among two or more parallel source routing bridges connecting a LAN and a WAN comprising a packet switching network.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a method of selecting or maintaining a designated source routing bridge among two or more parallel source routing bridges on a wide area network (WAN) for isolating spanning tree protocol maintenance traffic from the WAN.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a method of conducting an efficient single-route broadcast among the token ring LANs interconnected by a packet switching network by way of a virtual ring contained in the packet switching network through source routing bridges provided on the LANs.
Briefly stated, the present invention is directed to a LAN interconnect system in which a LAN is connected to a packet switching network by one or more source routing bridges and each source routing bridge has a priority level assigned thereto. According to one aspect, a method of efficiently managing the LAN interconnect system for the purpose of route discovery by means of single route broadcast frames, comprises a step of selecting at any one time one of the source routing bridges as a designated source routing bridge for forming a single route broadcast path in the LAN interconnect system through which path the single route broadcast frames travel. The method includes further a step of at the same time maintaining all the remaining source routing bridges in a blocking state to prevent them from forwarding local spanning tree protocol maintenance frames into the packet switching network, thus effectively isolating the LAN from the packet switching network as far as the local spanning tree protocol maintenance frames are concerned. Additionally, the invention comprises a step of, at a predetermined time interval, the designated source routing bridge sending, by means of all route broadcasting, a sedative bridge protocol data unit containing its priority level information to all the remaining source routing bridges, which sedative bridge protocol data unit keeps all the remaining source routing bridges in the blocking state. Finally, there are further steps of each source routing bridge monitoring the sedative bridge protocol data unit which may arrive, and each source routing bridge entering into a contention process to select a new designated source routing bridge when no sedative bridge protocol data unit or a sedative bridge protocol data unit containing a different priority level information from that of the designated source routing bridge is detected.
For a more complete understanding of the present invention and for further objects and advantages thereof, reference may now be made to the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of two LANs interconnected by parallel source routing bridges;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of two LAN segments interconnected by parallel source routing bridges;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a LAN interconnection by the virtual ring scheme used in the packet switching network (WAN) in which the novel procedure of the present invention is used;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a virtual ring connecting a plurality of LAN segments within which spanning tree protocol is being run independently;
FIGS. 5-7 are schematic illustrations of a sequence of route discovery and establishment; and
FIG. 8 is a state diagram of the source routing bridge according to the present invention.
In FIGS. 1 and 2, there are schematically illustrated internetworks in which two LANs or two LAN segments are connected by three parallel source routing bridges 10-14 and 20-24. In FIG. 1, LAN a is connected to LAN segment b which may include another LAN, LANs and WAN. In each of LAN segments A and B in FIG. 2, there are a plurality of LANs (a, b, c, etc.) which are connected to each other by bridges or other suitable means. In FIG. 3, on the other hand, there is schematically illustrated an internetwork which includes a packet switching network 30. A plurality of LAN segments 32 are connected to the packet switching network by source routing bridges 34 (shown as BR1-BR6) through a virtual ring 36.
According to the procedure of the present invention, among the parallel source routing bridges, e.g. 10-14 (in FIG. 1), 20-24 (in FIG. 2), BR1 to BR3, or BR5 and BR6 (in FIG. 3), a designated bridge for each LAN segment is chosen initially either by the network operator or the sedative algorithm which will be described later. Each designated bridge is so designated as to participate in the single-route broadcasting by permitting the propagation therethrough of single-route broadcast frames. Every two seconds or such predetermined interval, the designated bridge sends out a bridge protocol data unit (referred to as a sedative frame) to all the other parallel bridges (called standbys because they are ready to provide back-up to the designated bridge in the single-route broadcasting when needed, as will be described below) and keeps them in a standby state. The sedative frames are sent as all-route broadcast frames by the designated source routing bridge to the source routing bridge group MAC address through the attached LAN segment. All standby source routing bridges fronting the same attached LAN segment will receive the sedative frames and will not copy the single-route broadcast frames. This copy suppression works in both ways. A sedated source routing bridge will not copy single-route broadcast frames received from the packet switching network or the destination LAN segment.
Loss of the designated source routing bridge is detected if any standby source routing bridge does not receive a sedative frame from the designated source routing bridge for a certain time period. The standby source routing bridge which detects the loss of the designated source routing bridge will initiate a contention process and a new designated bridge will be elected. Each parallel source routing bridge is given a unique priority code. The sedative procedure uses the priority codes of the source routing bridges to select a designated source routing bridge. The lower the priority code value, the higher the priority of the source routing bridge. When a new source routing bridge with a higher priority joins a LAN segment, the contention process is also initiated to select a new designated bridge.
It should be noted that external source routing bridges in each of the LAN segments can have the spanning tree protocol running in them. The sedative procedure and the spanning tree protocol run independently and asynchronously of each other, with the source routing bridges on the virtual ring conducting the sedative procedure and the external bridges running the spanning tree protocol.
FIG. 4 shows how individual spanning trees are connected together through the virtual ring. There is one designated source routing bridge providing a single-route path between the virtual ring and every attached LAN segment which, for example, can be made up of token-ring LANs. When the source routing bridges are running the sedative procedure, they have the effect of localizing the spanning trees maintained by the spanning tree protocol to their respective individual LAN segments; no spanning tree protocol frames are being sent across the packet switching wide area network (WAN) or to the other LAN segment.
Use of the sedative procedure in each LAN segment has the following advantages over the conventional spanning tree protocol run across the internetwork to all LAN segments or across the packet switching WAN to all attached LAN segments:
a) With the sedative procedure, the packet switching WAN is not part of the spanning tree maintained by the spanning tee protocol. The sedative procedure therefore does not take up any bandwidth from the packet switching WAN.
b) An otherwise network-wide spanning tree is broken down to smaller spanning trees. In the event of a topology change, it would take less time for a smaller spanning tree to stabilize. The spanning tree is also stabilized faster because each segment has a smaller spanning tree and the WAN portion which has longer propagation delay, is taken out of the spanning tree.
c) The sedative procedure isolates local maintenance traffic, e.g. spanning tree protocol frames within a segment of LAN interconnect from the remaining part of the internetwork or from the packet switching network WAN for better utilization of bandwidth.
Referring to FIGS. 5-7, a typical sequence of the route discovery by the single-route broadcast, all-route broadcast and subsequent route establishment are shown. In FIG. 5, a device on ring A desires a connection to a device on ring F and explores the destination by initiating a single-route broadcast. A bridge 60 (or other external bridges if any) copies the single-route broadcast frame and sends it to ring B. Because of the procedure of the present invention only source routing bridge 62 among parallel bridges (because it is the designated bridge) copies the broadcast frame into the virtual ring. The bridge 64 is suppressed from copying any single-route broadcast frames. All the remaining bridges 66 and 68 on the virtual ring copy the frame into their attached LANs and thus only one copy of the single broadcast frame is delivered to each LAN. In FIG. 6, the destination device responds to the frame by sending an all-route broadcast frame into ring F. All the bridges copy the frame and thus each ring receives multiple frames if there are multiple paths. In FIG. 7, the source device chooses one copy which contains the route information about the chosen path and sends subsequent frames including the route information in them. The packet switching network then completes the virtual circuit connection between the source routing bridges.
According to the present invention, each source routing bridge on a virtual ring is given a unique priority code. The sedative procedure uses the priority codes of the source routing bridges to select a designated bridge. Contention is a process in which source routing bridges fronting the same attached LAN segment compete to become the designated source routing bridge. During contention, the source routing bridge with the highest priority (the one with the lowest priority code value) wins out and becomes the designated source routing bridge. A contention takes place amongst the standby source routing bridges when a designated source routing bridge leaves the attached LAN segment or when a new source routing bridge belonging to a higher priority than the existing designated source routing bridge joins the segment.
According to one embodiment, the algorithm of the sedative procedure of the present invention is approximately modelled on a Finite State Automata (FSA) as shown in FIG. 8. It should be noted that the Figure does not show all the possible state transitions for clarity. The main states for the algorithm FSA are BLOCKING, CONTENTION and FORWARDING. The terms BLOCKING and FORWARDING are with respect to the treatment of single-route broadcast frames only. Forwarding of the all-route broadcast frames is not governed by the algorithm.
The algorithm states are explained as follows:
The algorithm is in this state when the source routing bridge is first initialized or when the source routing bridge is disabled. The algorithm changes to the BLOCKING state when its functionality is enabled.
When the algorithm is in the BLOCKING state, the source routing bridge blocks the passage of all single-route broadcast frames between the packet switching network and the LAN segment while all-route broadcast frames are allowed to pass through. That is, the source routing bridge behaves as a standby source routing bridge. The sedative timer (Tsd) defines how long a source routing bridge whose algorithm is in the BLOCKING state will wait before determining that a designated source routing bridge does not exist. Tsd is set every time a sedative frame or contention bridge protocol data unit (or simply contention frame) is received from a higher priority (lower priority code value) source routing bridge. The algorithm changes from the BLOCKING state to the CONTENTION state if a contention frame from a lower priority (higher priority code value) source routing bridge has been received or if Tsd has expired.
When the algorithm is in the CONTENTION state, the source routing bridge blocks all single-route broadcast frames while all-route broadcast frames are allowed to pass through, that is, the source routing bridge behaves as a standby source routing bridge. In the CONTENTION state, the source routing bridge sends out a contention frame at regular time intervals (tf) until the CONTENTION state is exited. The contention timer (Tcnt) is set when the algorithm first enters the CONTENTION state. Tcnt defines, at most, how long the algorithm will remain in the CONTENTION state. The algorithm changes from the CONTENTION state to the FORWARDING state when the contention timer (Tcnt) expires. The algorithm changes from the CONTENTION state to the BLOCKING state when a sedative frame or contention frame is received from a higher priority (lower priority code value) source routing bridge. Sedative frames and contention frames from lower priority (higher priority code value) source routing bridges are discarded.
When the algorithm is in the FORWARDING state, the source routing bridge passes all single-route broadcast frames and all-route broadcast frames, that is, the source routing bridge whose algorithm is in the FORWARDING state is a designated source routing bridge. Normally there should be only one source routing bridge whose algorithm is in the FORWARDING state for all source routing bridges fronting the same LAN segment. The algorithm changes from the FORWARDING state to the BLOCKING state when a sedative frame or contention frame is received from a higher priority (lower priority code value) source routing bridge. With the algorithm in the FORWARDING state, the source routing bridge sends out sedative frames at regular time interval (Tf). Sedative frames and contention frames from lower priority (higher priority code value) source routing bridges are discarded.
The following timers are used to control the algorithm state transitions:
1. Tf--Interval timer for sending out sedative frames by the is source routing bridge when the algorithm is in the FORWARDING state and for sending out contention frames when the algorithm is in the CONTENTION state.
2. Tsd--Sedative timer. This timer is used while the source routing bridge is in the BLOCKING STATE. The timer is set when the BLOCKING state is entered. While in the BLOCKING state, Tsd is set whenever a sedative frame or contention frame is received from a higher priority source routing bridge. The algorithm changes from the BLOCKING state to the CONTENTION state when this timer expires.
3. Tcnt--Contention timer. This timer is used while the source routing bridges in the CONTENTION state. This timer is set when the CONTENTION state is entered. The algorithm changes from the CONTENTION state to the FORWARDING state when this timer expires.
The timers Tf, Tsd and Tcnt are related as follows:
where << is read as "much less than". Tentatively as one embodiment, the default value for Tf is 2 seconds, Tcnt is 10 seconds and Tsd is 30 seconds.
The following source routing bridge data unit types are defined:
1. Sedative frame from a designated source routing bridge running sedative procedure according to the invention. This frame is sent by a source routing bridge whose algorithm is in the FORWARDING state. It is sent at regular intervals (Tf) to keep other source routing bridges in the BLOCKING state.
2. Contention frame. This is sent by a source routing bridge whose algorithm is in the CONTENTION state. A source routing bridge sends out contention frames at regular intervals (Tf) while its algorithm is in the CONTENTION state. A contention frame is seen as an invitation for contention to source routing bridges of higher priority byte but is seen as a sedative frame to source routing bridges of lower priority. It is used to solicit higher priority source routing bridges to enter contention and to keep the algorithm of the lower priority source routing bridges in the BLOCKING state.
The sedative frames and contention frames are addressed to the group of functional MAC addresses assigned to the source routing bridges. They are sent as all-route broadcast frames to the attached token ring LAN. Service Assess Point (SAP) for bridges, SAP 42 in hex, is used to send and receive all source routing bridge data units.
The source routing bridges will only accept and respond to data units from other source routing bridges belonging to the same virtual ring. Data units from source routing bridges belonging to other virtual rings are discarded.
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|Cooperative Classification||H04L45/04, H04L45/02|
|European Classification||H04L45/02, H04L45/04|
|Dec 17, 1998||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 4
|Dec 23, 1999||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: NORTEL NETWORKS CORPORATION, CANADA
Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:NORTHERN TELECOM LIMITED;REEL/FRAME:010567/0001
Effective date: 19990429
|Aug 30, 2000||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: NORTEL NETWORKS LIMITED, CANADA
Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:NORTEL NETWORKS CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:011195/0706
Effective date: 20000830
Owner name: NORTEL NETWORKS LIMITED,CANADA
Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:NORTEL NETWORKS CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:011195/0706
Effective date: 20000830
|Dec 12, 2002||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 8
|Jan 17, 2007||REMI||Maintenance fee reminder mailed|
|Jul 4, 2007||LAPS||Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees|
|Aug 21, 2007||FP||Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee|
Effective date: 20070704 | <urn:uuid:bf3a6e75-0e39-4726-9ef7-31b9d6617195> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.google.com/patents/US5430728?dq=%22virtual+interaction+configuration%22 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284411.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00466-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.897619 | 6,608 | 1.96875 | 2 |
Christians cannot ignore the intersection of religion and violence, whether contemporary or ancient. In our own Scriptures, war texts that appear to approve of genocidal killings and war rape―forcibly taking female captives for wives―raise hard questions about biblical ethics and the character of God. Have we missed something in our traditional readings? In Bloody, Brutal, and Barbaric? William Webb and Gordon Oeste address the ethics of reading biblical war texts today. Theirs is a biblical-theological reading with an eye to hermeneutical, ethical, canonical, and ancient cultural contexts. Identifying a spectrum of views on war texts ranging from “no ethical problems” to “utterly repulsive,” the authors pursue a middle path using a hermeneutic of incremental, redemptive-movement ethics. Instead of trying to force traditional Christian answers to fit contemporary questions, they argue, we must properly connect the traditional answers with the biblical storyline questions that were on the minds of Scripture’s original readers. And there are indeed better answers to the ethical problems in the war texts. Woven throughout the Old Testament, a collection of antiwar and subversive war texts suggest that Yahweh’s involvement in Israel’s warfare required some degree of accommodation to people living in a fallen world. Yet, God’s redemptive influence even within the ugliness of ancient warfare shouts loudly about a future hope―a final battle fought with complete and untainted justice by Christ. | <urn:uuid:cb337d8d-528a-46d9-87a0-eed2759b6b53> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.actskenya.org/books/bloody-brutal-and-barbaric-wrestling-with-troubling-war-texts/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00468.warc.gz | en | 0.896253 | 311 | 2.34375 | 2 |
An extra Infinite ELT Ideas prompt this week, shared by Laura Patsko on Twitter, and too good to resist! It’s a two-minute video of ‘Batman’ being pulled over by police in Maryland, shared on the BBC News site.
What would you do with this video in your classroom? You can make any assumptions you like about the context it is used in. Post your ideas in the comments below. All ideas are welcome (there are no wrong answers!)
Click here to find out the idea behind this blog. | <urn:uuid:990ec0de-6d47-4745-8076-750f09d6633f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://infiniteeltideas.wordpress.com/2012/03/31/batman-pulled-over-by-police/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279189.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00054-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.938756 | 112 | 2.40625 | 2 |
Something to be published in Spectrum Magazine soon.
Richard III and Leicester
Well not literally, but after 500 plus years he is certainly getting a good airing.
Discovered under a car parking space marked "R" you perhaps could be surprised its taken over 500 years to find him again. However, found he was and it did take that time.
Last medieval king, last English king killed in battle and arguably our most controversial king as well. You have to say that finding him in Leicester is a result for the City.
In just over the two years since he was found, Leicester has fought off the claims of York to be his final resting place and geared itself up to honouring him in major ceremonies next March. That the Archbishops of both Canterbury and Westminster (Heads of the Church of England and Rome respectively) in this country will be in attendance speaks volumes for his importance.
Leicester City Council has moved incredibly rapidly in public procurement terms (including the acquisition of the building opposite the Cathedral on St Martins) to already have up and running a permanent visitor centre. I was lucky enough to have both visited it and been given an insiders talk by the architects Maber Associates and contractors Morgan Sindall.
What is my view? The centre is really impressive and of least national standard. It is well worth a 2 hour visit, either in its own right or as part of a day or weekend out in the City. The centre very ably presents the key aspects of the story from the historical context of his life to the different ways he is remembered since his death. The exhibition also tells the story of his discovery including, of course, the science. The latter using another of Leicester's more recent and famous discoveries involved the distillation of the DNA.
Hearing about the formation of the Centre from the insiders definitely enhanced the whole experience for me in explaining some of the design cues. For example: to replicate the crypt location where he was found (and now incorporated into the centre) the design reduces the temperature in that area. The ceiling is also lowered, so you are 'encouraged' to bow your head to honour the king, where a skeleton like hologram rests in the original grave.
The building is a pleasure to walk around as a little oasis in the heart of a bustling City, where one can also sit and have a coffee or lunch in a very pleasant ambience.
Outside a whole new Cathedral Square has been created, containing the relocated Richard III statue. This part of the City is being transformed wholly for the good.
But you would not expect me to write this review without some 'professional' critical points. So here goes. The legibility of the entrance to the centre is poor and at the time of writing the signage is virtually non existent. I can't believe this won't be addressed very quickly. Inside the Centre the courtyard is completely hard surfaced. Original designs I saw used grass (ideally artificial?), which would have calmed the space much better in my opinion and is a very effective solution, used in other high usage locations in the City.
But really ignore the carping, don’t even think about not visiting. It is for the whole family. And from a professional planning point of view form your own opinion on how it has honoured a former king and how it is and how it will transform another quarter of the City centre. | <urn:uuid:cc60ee58-ba76-4ec0-acd3-b0e7f696f1ee> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://landmarkplanning.blogspot.com/2014/09/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00679.warc.gz | en | 0.976112 | 691 | 1.898438 | 2 |
Latin American applied research
versión impresa ISSN 0327-0793
DE ALBA, M. et al. FPGA design of an efficient and low-cost smart phone interrupt controller. Lat. Am. appl. res. [online]. 2007, vol.37, n.1, pp. 59-63. ISSN 0327-0793.
In this work we have designed and implemented an efficient platform-level interrupt controller for a PXA270 microprocessor-based smart phone. Although current hardware development boards include this type of controllers, for specific applications most of them are costly and include too many interrupt sources that represent a waste for a particular design. For this reason we designed our own interrupt controller which is capable of detecting interrupt sources coming from different devices that request microprocessor service. The developed interrupt controller is efficient and low-cost due to the small number of register and logic gates required for its implementation, as well as for the small number of levels to be traversed in the circuit's critical execution path.
Palabras clave : Interrupt Controller; Codesign; FPGA; Low-Cost; Effective; PXA270; Smart Phone. | <urn:uuid:04977ca2-6cb6-4f80-9fd2-4c58a05aa8b4> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0327-07932007000100012&lng=es&nrm=iso&tlng=en | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280825.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00203-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.893681 | 245 | 2.078125 | 2 |
Recently, a few political scientists have begun to discover a human tendency deeply discouraging to anyone with faith in the power of information. It's this: Facts don't necessarily have the power to change our minds. In fact, quite the opposite. In a series of studies in 2005 and 2006, researchers at the University of Michigan found that when misinformed people, particularly political partisans, were exposed to corrected facts in news stories, they rarely changed their minds. In fact, they often became even more strongly set in their beliefs. Facts, they found, were not curing misinformation. Like an underpowered antibiotic, facts could actually make misinformation even stronger.
This bodes ill for a democracy, because most voters -- the people making decisions about how the country runs -- aren't blank slates. They already have beliefs, and a set of facts lodged in their minds. The problem is that sometimes the things they think they know are objectively, provably false. And in the presence of the correct information, such people react very, very differently than the merely uninformed. Instead of changing their minds to reflect the correct information, they can entrench themselves even deeper.These findings open a long-running argument about the political ignorance of American citizens to broader questions about the interplay between the nature of human intelligence and our democratic ideals. Most of us like to believe that our opinions have been formed over time by careful, rational consideration of facts and ideas, and that the decisions based on those opinions, therefore, have the ring of soundness and intelligence. In reality, we often base our opinions on our beliefs, which can have an uneasy relationship with facts. And rather than facts driving beliefs, our beliefs can dictate the facts we chose to accept. They can cause us to twist facts so they fit better with our preconceived notions.
"The general idea is that it's absolutely threatening to admit you're wrong," says political scientist Brendan Nyhan, the lead researcher on the Michigan study. The phenomenon -- known as "backfire" -- is "a natural defense mechanism to avoid that cognitive dissonance."
Read the rest here. | <urn:uuid:32217c95-043b-48ea-8c9b-677b75de5b5f> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.theatlantic.com/projects/ideas-2010/archive/2010/07/avoiding-cognitive-dissonance/59613/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720962.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00385-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.972715 | 425 | 2.484375 | 2 |
Taipei, April 5 (CNA) Oversized pigs lie on the ground, unable to move around the specially designed pen because of their own weight.
Still, they are fed twice a day, often forcibly, by professional farmers looking to raise the largest pigs possible.
These animals often suffer twisted bones and even total paralysis.
Each of these "shen zhu's," or "divine pigs," is used to enter a contest often associated with temples and religious festivities.
Worshippers with the largest pigs are rewarded with cash and other prizes.
The "divine pigs" are weighed and are later slaughtered by slitting their throats.
After that, they are gutted and presented as sacrifices in a religious ceremony near the temple.
Images of the gory ritual can be seen in a video produced by the Environment and Animal Society of Taiwan (EAST), a Taipei-based animal rights group.
The group shot the video over a 10-year period, visiting pig farms in northern Taiwan that specialize in raising divine pigs.
Its efforts to highlight the issue are aimed at ending divine pig contests, which the group says encourages animal abuse.
During the Lunar New Year holiday in February, some EAST members took a mock divine pig made of styrofoam to an area near the Sanxia Zushi Temple in New Taipei in protest against a ceremony that was taking place there to honor the person with the heaviest pig.
The Sanxia Zushi temple is the only one in Taiwan that still facilitates a divine pig competition to celebrate the birthday of a folk deity known as Chingshui Master, EAST Chief Executive Officer Chu Tseng-hung told CNA in a recent interview.
The heaviest pig presented at this year's ceremony weighed some 860 kilograms, according to the temple. Chu said this is about seven times the normal weight of a pig.
He said temple worshippers should use normal sized pigs or goats, or fruits and vegetables as sacrifices to their gods. "These are the items used by some 90 percent of temple worshippers," he said.
"The divine pig contest does not have a religious origin," Chu pointed out.
The history of the divine pig ritual dates back to the Japanese colonial era (1895-1945), when farmers were encouraged to raise big pigs as part of an effort to improve breeding techniques, Chu said, citing EAST research.
At some religious celebrations, the Japanese authorities would give recognition to people who had raised the heaviest pigs, he said.
Gradually over the years, the contest became associated with religious ceremonies at temples, which led to the practice of producing super-heavy pigs by any possible means, Chu said.
Under pressure from activists, the Sanxia Zushi temple is now taking measures to improve its image.
Liu Zin-ta, a temple official, said the Sanxia Zushi temple is opposed to the practice of force-feeding pigs, but will not interfere in how followers worship their deities.
The divine pig contest is not organized by the temple but by the followers themselves, Liu said. The temple simply presents the prizes to the winning contestants, he added.
"We respect the animal rights groups that call for an end to animal abuse," Liu told CNA.
The temple hopes to spread the word among its followers that the inhumane practice of force-feeding pigs is not encouraged, he said, adding that competitors usually buy divine pigs from professional pig raisers.
In recent years, the temple has been encouraging followers to bring fruits and vegetables to the ceremonies, he said.
The temple has also decided that with effect from 2017, it will stop giving prizes in the divine pig contests, Liu said.
What the temple is doing appears to reflect a trend that Chu and other activists hope will culminate soon in an end to all such contests.
Although the contests are still held during the annual Hakka Yimin Festival in northern Taiwan, the number of entries has decreased over the years.
There used to be as many as 50 enormous pigs per contest, but in recent years, the number has dropped to between 5 and 20 at the Yimin temples, Chu said.
Moreover, Chu said the competition now takes places at only eight of the 20 larger Yimin temples in Taiwan.
This trend is attributed to years of effort by the EAST to stop animal abuse, and a government campaign that encourages alternative ways of worshipping deities.
The Cabinet-level Council of Agriculture said it has been in contact with temples where divine pigs are still presented and it is encouraging the alternative use of fake animals made of noodles, flowers or other materials.
"If there are no divine pig contests, then people would not be competing to raise the heaviest possible pigs," the council said.
As of the end of 2012, there were 20 pig farms that specialized in breeding divine pigs, mostly in northern Taiwan, and fewer than 100 such pigs were being raised per year, according to the council.
In 2006, there were 29 divine pig farms that produced 232 animals per year, the council said.
(By Elaine Hou) | <urn:uuid:6d969032-d624-4156-be97-a700e6d22c59> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://focustaiwan.tw/news/aall/201304050004.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279224.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00481-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.972513 | 1,047 | 2.796875 | 3 |
We've now concluded another installment of Hispanic Heritage Month, the 30 days set aside each year by Congress -- Sept. 15 to Oct. 15 -- for corporations, academia, media and the political parties to make the nation's 53 million Hispanics feel valued, appreciated and wanted.
During the other 11 months, those in power can go back to doing what they normally do with Hispanics: ignore them.
Granted, that's not easy. You're talking about a group of people that spends $1.3 trillion a year, makes up 17 percent of the U.S. population, helps decide presidential elections, and represents most of the population growth in the last 20 years. For some Americans, ignoring Hispanics would be an improvement. Take the reader who fired off an angry screed in my direction. He wasn't exactly caught up in the spirit of Hispanic Heritage Month.
"I am sick and tired of the in-your-face attitude of Latinos," he wrote. "There are special holidays for Latinos, special contests, special stations, special newspapers, special organizations, but that is not enough. . . . When are you and the Latinos going to be grateful for what you get in the USA????"
Well, if you're going to get worked up about something, you should study the subject so you know what you're getting worked up about.
Sure, you'll find Hispanics who get in people's faces, protesting this and demanding that. Some feel entitled. Others are so consumed with asserting their rights that they've forgotten to fulfill their responsibilities. That's not a Hispanic thing. It's an American thing.
But many Hispanics are famously humble people. As I've often said: If humility were an Olympic sport, Hispanics would show up and win all the medals.
As for all the "special" accommodations for Hispanics, I've never met one of them who asked for that. In this regard, Hispanics are like other Americans. They don't want special treatment, just equal treatment.
They have earned that much. While East Coast media companies and Hollywood studios routinely portray Hispanics as recent immigrants, a visit to New Mexico or Arizona will turn up Hispanic folks who can trace their family histories to the 17th century. They were part of this country before it was a country.
Finally, the U.S.-born Hispanic people I know are extremely grateful to be Americans. And they show it every day by working hard, building businesses, paying taxes, saluting the flag, emphasizing the value of education to their children, sending their sons and daughters to the military, and honoring those who don't make it home.
Still, not that everything is perfect in Hispaniclandia. Far from it.
While other ethnic groups study the issues, many Hispanics have issues. We make mistakes, and we have shortcomings. We have a bad habit of waiting around for institutions -- government, schools, etc. -- to save us. What we really need to do is concentrate on saving ourselves.
We struggle with insecurity, stemming from how we were treated growing up in communities where whites controlled everything and mapped out for our lives a path that went not much further than field work. We delight in attacking one another, fighting over petty jealousies and insisting that no one is better than we are. We're too deferential, and too willing to keep quiet when we're being mistreated. We worry too much about what people think of us, and we've learned not to ask for too much out of life. And in recent years, like many other Americans, we can't seem to master the art of disagreeing with someone without trying to discredit and destroy them.
In the last four centuries, Hispanics in America have overcome just about every obstacle, challenge, setback and misfortune. Now, for many of them, it's time to overcome the instinct to self-destruct.
Ruben Navarrette Jr. writes a syndicated column for The Washington Post Writers Group. | <urn:uuid:5036ed16-e679-4e26-86b3-45df070a4670> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.newsday.com/opinion/oped/hispanics-in-2013-an-accounting-ruben-navarrette-jr-1.6267024 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279650.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00436-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.972603 | 803 | 2.234375 | 2 |
Millions of couples in the United States will find a myriad of creative ways to express their love for one another on Friday.
These offerings might include letters, candies, flowers, or even more commitment-based actions like marriage proposals.
It is yet another Saint Valentine's Day, a date where many focus on that special someone in their lives. While such expressions tend to have a strong certainty to their existence, such certainty does not reside with the namesake of the holiday.
"There are several St. Valentines," said the Rev. Michael G. Witczak of The Catholic University of America in an interview with The Christian Post.
"One was a bishop, another one was a priest and physician in Rome, who was known for sending letters of encouragement to stay faithful."
Apparently there are multiple Saint Valentines that derive from early church records and mythology. Speculation regarding the historical Valentine fueled the decision to remove Valentine from the "General Calendar" of the Catholic Church decades ago, Witczak told CP.
"St. Valentine was removed from the General Calendar in 1969 when the day was given to Sts. Cyril and Methodius, the apostles to the Slavs: St. Cyril died in Rome on Feb. 14," said Witczak.
"However, St. Valentine is still included in the Roman Martyrology (latest edition 2004), and may be included in the calendar of particular churches or dioceses of religious orders."
The men behind the myth
The dominant legend behind St. Valentine, also rendered "Valentinius," was that he was a priest from the third century who lived in Rome and helped fellow believers during a wave of persecution.
Eventually authorities under Emperor Claudius II arrested Valentine and beheaded him on Feb. 14, somewhere around AD 270; hence the date for Saint Valentine's Day.
Yet it was not until much later in AD 496 that Pope Gelasius officially marked the familiar date as Saint Valentine's Day.
Other legends abound regarding the largely uncharted life of Valentine, according to an entry on Catholic Online about the martyred figure.
"One legend says, while awaiting his execution, Valentinus restored the sight of his jailer's blind daughter," reads the entry.
"Another legend says, on the eve of his death, he penned a farewell note to the jailer's daughter, signing it, 'From your Valentine.'"
While the burial place of a St. Valentine has been discovered, some debate is still found that he may have been two different individuals, both martyred by Claudius near Rome.
The Church does lay claim to one of the Valentine's or the Valentine's skull, which is on display at the Basilica of Santa Maria in Cosmedin, Rome, according to an entry about Valentine on the History Channel's website.
"In the early 1800s, the excavation of a catacomb near Rome yielded skeletal remains and other relics now associated with St. Valentine," reads the entry.
"As is customary, these bits and pieces of the late saint's body have subsequently been distributed to reliquaries around the world. You'll find other bits of St. Valentine's skeleton on display in the Czech Republic, Ireland, Scotland, England and France."
A date of significance
Even as many celebrate St. Valentine's Day without thought to the story of the saint, and the Church has lowered its recognition of the figure, the date maintains its significance.
Rev. Witczak of Catholic University told CP that the date still involves remembrance of saints, in this case the more confirmed lives of Cyril and Methodius.
"Feb. 14 is the date of Sts. Cyril and Methodius, who are in the General Calendar as an obligatory memorial (all local churches are to celebrate these saints)," said Witczak, adding that "the church in the Slavic world has great devotion to Cyril and Methodius."
And then there are the many who send messages of love to their special someone on the day named for a mysterious saint who may have been more than one person.
"Valentine's Day is, of course, one of the great popular days among lovers to express their love to each other," said Witczak.
"The Church values human love and even has a sacrament that celebrates that love. ... So the day is important in the life of the Church because it is important to the people of the Church." | <urn:uuid:271a79a0-4b0b-4f07-9947-a9296543b4fc> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.christianpost.com/news/saint-valentine-the-man-behind-the-myth-114539/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280761.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00093-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.970015 | 912 | 2.75 | 3 |
I’m one of those simpletons who rates books, DVDs and the like at Amazon and then gets recommendations from the site. I think the system has gone wacky lately.
When I last checked for book recommendations, they included Pathophysiology of Disease, Essentials of General Surgery, Practical Orthopedics and Pathology: Board Review Series, the latter a review book for the U.S. Medical Licensing Exam. Why were these books recommended for me? Because I previously rated Kurt Vonnegut’s A Man Without a Country. I can’t decide if the connection is fascinating or frightening.
I also was recommended a map of and a guidebook to the Dominican Republic — because I rated Vehicle, a 1970 release by the band The Ides of March. Okay, a can grasp the connection between a vehicle and travel but considering the Dominican Republic is on a Caribbean island, I don’t think I’ll be driving there soon.
Another music release, Leo Kottke’s 6- and 12-String Guitar, brought a recommendation for The Six Sigma Handbook, “a comprehensive, 700-page guide to the quality tools and statistics that are the foundation for Six Sigma.” Being naturally curious, I investigated and learned that “Six Sigma is a methodology to manage process variations that cause defects, defined as unacceptable deviation from the mean or target; and to systematically work towards managing variation to eliminate those defects.” If I understood what that meant, maybe I’d have a clue how it’s related to Leo Kottke’s guitar playing.
I think I’ll just go back to the “to be read” pile on the bookshelf by the bed.
We are here on Earth to fart around. Don’t let anybody tell you any different.
Kurt Vonnegut, A Man Without a Country | <urn:uuid:10691917-73af-4106-bfa6-509a666d07de> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://prairieprogressive.com/2006/07/15/amazon-recommendations/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282202.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00556-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.934308 | 396 | 1.609375 | 2 |
COSMETIC DERMATOLOGY AND SKIN CARE FOR Plano, Frisco, and the Dallas Fortworth metroplex in Texas
- Prevention and Protection
- Brown Spots, Age Spots
- Redness, Flushing and Blood Vessels
- Scars and Acne Scars
- Lumps, Bumps, and Moles
SKIN PREVENTION and PROTECTION:
- Sun Protection
Retinoids have many published studies which shown the skin-saving effects of topical vitamin A derivatives (retinoid family) and its ability to increase collagen production (plumping your skin), speed up cell turnover (smoothing your complexion) and unclog pores (reducing breakouts). A prescription strength of Vitamin A from your doctor can provide the best benefits. However it can be extremely irritating to your skin and a topical Retinol may be a better choice.
AntiOxidants disable free radicals, the molecules generated by sun, pollution and other sources, which damage the DNA of healthy skin cells, leading to wrinkles, discoloration and possibly cancer. Studies have shown that topical Coenzyme Q10, Vitamin C and E, and Green Tea offer great anti-aging benefits and a “mix of antioxidants” creates the best result!
Hyaluronic Acid is a terrific topical skin-plumping ingredient that draws a tremendous amount of water to the skin—about 1,000 times its weight! Rehydrating the skin counteracts the aging process as well as increases cell renewal. It is not irritating, won’t aggravate acne and is light enough to blend seamlessly with makeup.
Alpha Hydroxy Acids are topical acids, often derived from fruit or milk sugars, which dissolve the “glue” between the complexion-dulling dead skin cells that accumulate with age, allowing them to be sloughed off, revealing fresh skin. Discoloration is minimized, skin feels smoother, and pores can look smaller. Overall, skin is more luminous and youthful!
More than 90 percent of these wrinkles, dark spots and crepiness attributed to aging, is caused by sun exposure. The UV filters in sunscreen absorb or scatter UV light before it can damage your skin; in effect, they stop aging.
What to look for on the label: Broad-spectrum (meaning the product blocks both UVA and UVB rays)is important for everyday use. For days spent outdoors, also look for water-resistant (either for 40 or 80 minutes). You may prefer the silky texture of a chemical sunscreen, but a physical sunscreen (zinc oxide and titanium dioxide) is less potentially irritating and now a good choice for every skin tone because micronized formulas don’t look chalky. As well, physical sunscreens also absorb excess oil—helpful if you have shiny skin. Look for those high in zinc for the additional skin healing benefits for acne, rosacea and sensitive skin.
BROWN SPOTS, AGE SPOTS:
- Chemical Peels
- Laser Resurfacing
Hyperpigmentation is also known as ‘age spots’ or brown patches and is caused by many factors. These factors include sun damage, ageing, hormonal fluctuations such as pregnancy, the contraceptive pill as well as acne. They are superficial marks on the surface of the skin that are brown or black in color and are sometimes also known as ‘liver spots’. It is usually caused by exposure to the sun and generally appear on areas such as the hands, face, shoulders and arms.
To remove this concerning pigmentation, clinic procedures are usually required and at Skin MD and Beyond we offer a wide array of treatment options for many different conditions. Our skincare professionals provide a comprehensive consultation and will advise on the treatment[s] that are most suited to you.
But, for those who do not have the time, or want to first try an at-home skincare regime, Dr. Wright has formulated several products, designed for all skin types to help with the many causes of age spots and pigmentation. To get started today, log on to www.RxBeautyBar.com and find the Fiona WRxIGHT MD Skin Care products that will lead you back to a flawless complexion.
Dr. Wright’s most popular products are Radiance (see write up under Cheek Rejuvenation: Age Spots and Brown Spots) and her Complexion Perfection Lotion and Pads.
Complexion Perfection Lotion is a powerful, yet gentle formulation designed to balance skin tone and fade discoloration. This lotion contains a blend of brightening botanical ingredients such as Kojic Acid, Arbutin and Bearberry Extract known to inhibit pigmentation formation. Additional ingredients include Sodium Hyaluronate, Indian Gooseberry Extract which soothes and calms the skin while Vitamin E and C protects the skin from damage caused by environmental pollutants. The Complexion Perfection Lotion is hydroquinone free, alcohol-free, acetone-free, and best suited for patients with hyperpigmentation, melasma or other pigmentation issues including acne scarring. For patients looking to receive the clinically-proven lightening benefits of Hydroquinone, a 2% concentration can be added to your lotion.
Complexion Perfection Pads are an ideal choice for people who suffer from dark spots caused by acne or have oily skin. These specially formulated treatment pads combine a potent blend of the purest 10% Glycolic, Witch Hazel, and Retinyl (Vitamin A) which will shrink your pores, reduce dullness and create an even skin tone and texture. The protective ingredients of Co Q10 with the calming benefits of Green Tea extract will also help reduce redness in the skin to leave it looking radiant and refreshed! Ideal for those with oily, aging, and acne-prone skin who want to reduce pores and renew dull, wrinkled skin.
Many of us do a lot of damage to our skin in the summer, so we need as much help as possible to remove the brown spots and age spots that plaque us. If you are exploring new ways to address your uneven skin tone cause by acne or pregnancy, then our Lumenis M22 PhotoFacial- IPL (Intense Pulse Light)Treatment is your solution!
Does the type of IPL treatment matter? Absolutely! Not all IPL results are the same because not all IPL systems are safe and effective. And, unlike many practices, where your complete care is delegated to a nurse or aesthetician, our practice philosophy has always been to have Dr. Wright personally consult all treatments prior to starting.
As commented by RealSelf.com, the M22 Photofacial was invented by the company that created and introduced the IPL technology to the aesthetic world. With over 22 different modular applications the M22 Photofacial enables Dr. Wright to treat more types of patients and conditions with better outcomes.
By helping to remove pigmentation and broken capillaries, the result is overall more even, luminous younger looking skin. The process is ideal for patients with active lifestyles because the procedure requires no downtime and has low risk of side effects.
With its exclusive OPT technology, it provides the optimum choices to deliver the appropriate pulse for any application. With its advanced technology, we are able to control the pulse shape of the light in order to allow the best results and reduce the chances of skin damage. The results speak for themselves – when two thirds of our clients are referrals from existing happy and satisfied clients!
Chemical Peels are a highly effective treatment, specifically designed to lighten the discoloration caused by hyperpigmentation. A chemical peel use a medical grade chemical solution to improve and smooth the texture of the facial skin by removing its damaged outer layers. It is helpful for those individuals with facial blemishes, wrinkles and uneven skin pigmentation. This is a simple, non-surgical way to achieve a smooth, healthy glow.
There are a variety of peels, formulations, and strengths that can be tailored to your needs. If you require a short recovery period without a lot of visible peeling, you might choose to have a light glycolic or salicylic acid peel. A medium depth peel, is good to target pigmentation in the epidermis as well as the top layer of the epidermis with a few days of visible peeling. Or you may choose a deep chemical peel such as trichloroacetic acid peel which can have several days of downtime but long-lasting dramatic results!
Our most commonly requested Chemical Peels incorporate naturally occurring “fruit acids” (alpha hydroxy acids), that are strengthening and brightening ingredients. These fruit acids will help exfoliate surface dead skin cells and improve over all skin health. At your consultation, our aesthetician will give you specific instructions for your chemical peel. Generally, we recommend that you start a regime of Retin-A and hydroquinone for a 6 week interval up to 2 weeks before your peel. The results will remove the top dull layer and allow healthier cells to come to the surface, improving your skin’s health texture and appearance. These treatments stimulate collagen and elastin production in the skin, which helps to reduce sagging, wrinkling, and visible signs of aging making your appearance more youthful.
Laser Resurfacing is for people who want to look good – and want real results – but don’t want the extended downtime that comes with a Surgical CO2 Laser Resurfacing. This non-invasive, clinically proven treatment can be easily managed into your weekly routine and can create real changes to your complexion that you just can’t get from lotions and creams.
Our ReSurFX Laser Resurfacing device is a leading fractional laser that has revolutionized skin surface treatments for pigmentation and aging. The device places hundreds of thousands of microscopic columns in the skin, which will stimulate the production of new skin cells and collagen, leading to fresher and healthier skin. The ResurFX, designed to provide deep dermal treatments, can also be customized for a more superficial treatment to target surface pigmentation more specifically. It results in a very controlled and superficial peel of the skin, lifting pigmentation and improving skin texture
MicroNeedling is an excellent choice for people who are looking for an advanced treatment to address their textural skin issues and hyperpigmentation – but are not a good candidate for laser treatments. For those whose skin pigments easily when it is overheated, the energy/heat that is emitted from a laser treatment may be problematic. In the past there was not a reliable alternative treatment, but now MicroNeedling with DermaPen has changed that!
DermaPen is a state-of-the-art skin needling technology designed to create collagen remodeling and correct uneven skin texture and tone; fine lines and wrinkles; sun-damaged skin; scars and pigmentation. By stamping thousands of microscopic channels into the skin, quickly and comfortably, the dermis of the skin is stimulated to regenerate and repair itself naturally and safely. The fractional, automated stamp-like micro-needling motion of the Dermapen® minimizes pain and discomfort, while increasing the effectiveness of treatments. It does this by promoting an even absorption of special skincare ingredients into the skin that enhance your results!
Would you like to improve your texture, pores and pigmentation problems? Microdermabrasion and DermaSweeps can help with all these issues!
Microdermabrasion is the process of resurfacing away the top layer of the skin to a precise depth by the combination of an exfoliation and vacuum process. By removing dead skin cells, the deeper dermal skin is stimulated to produce collagen giving the skin a more supple rejuvenated and smooth appearance.
Virtually anyone can benefit from a microdermabrasion as this relaxing, safe, non-invasive technique can be used on all skin types!
DermaSweep is the next generation microdermabrasion, available only to licensed physicians, which combines precision brush tip exfoliation, infused customized skin solutions with variable vacuum pressure for the most precise, efficacious and comfortable skin treatments available. DermaSweep allows the skin to be gently drawn up by the innovative and efficient vacuum, while the customized bristles polish the skin to the desired level of exfoliation (depending on skin type) effectively and with less irritation.
Our innovative, efficient use of vacuum pressure and bristles are then customised for each treatment, depending on skin type, desired level of exfoliation and results. DermaSweep results in a clean, consistently effective treatment, and patients see a noticeable skin improvement, even after the first treatment. The result? – a very controlled superficial peel of the skin which will lift away pigmentation and improve skin texture.
RED FACE, FLUSHING and BLOOD VESSELS:
If you have sensitive skin that flushes way too easily, reacts to everything, a complexion that is “red-faced” or you have visible blood vessels scattered throughout your cheeks and chin – then read on to discover the best ways to rebalance and rejuvenate your skin back to its earlier days!
The causes of red skin can be a mystery for some. The most common causes for adults are
- Eczema and
- Sensitive/Sensitized Skin.
Rosacea is a very common skin concern, particularly in women with lighter skin types. It is characterized by an excessive amount of redness in the skin, due to dilated blood vessels and traditionally it is a problem for those with sensitive skin and cannot tolerate regular anti-aging products or anything with harsh chemicals. (see section on Rosacea for a complete description).
Sun-Damage is a common problem in Texas and our faces show the most damage. With continuous sun exposure and lack of SPF sun protection, many people will notice unsightly telangiectasia (small threadlike blood vessels) that are harmless but can create a burning or stinging sensation and will make the skin quite sensitive. (see section on Sun Damaged Skin for a complete description)
Eczema has become two or three times more common in recent decades. It is more common in children and usually resolves before adolescence, but 2 to 10 percent of adults suffer with eczema lifelong. Eczema usually presents with dry skin that can become red, and will have scaly patches that can be quite itchy. The skin of people with eczema seems to be sensitive to many substances, including wool fabrics, laundry detergent residues, and certain cosmetic. (see section on Eczema for a complete description)
Sensitive/ Sensitized Skin is triggered by external factors (pollution in the air, chemicals in our water,
aggressive weather conditions, cosmetic ingredients and poor diet) that results in the breakdown of our skin’s protective barrier. As a result, facial skin becomes dehydrated and red – and looks very similar to the three previous mentioned conditions. Is your skin sensitive or sensitized? Having truly sensitive skin is in your DNA and is a genetic predisposition where the skin is thin and blood vessels are close to the surface. A person with sensitive skin is prone to asthma and allergies, and eczema. Sensitized skin is not a type but a condition brought on by environmental triggers like pollutants and chemicals in the atmosphere, and from irritants found in many cosmetics and skin products, from harsh scrubs, and from improper cleansing habits at home. Sensitized Skin is in fact a growing concern and is becoming a common reason why patients are seeking help for their skin care concerns. It can affect any age or race, and any skin type, from dry skin to acne. (see section on Sensitive/Sensitized Skin for a complete description)
When treating sensitive and red skin it is important to avoid skin care products with chemical preservatives. Using more effective organic skincare products or products specifically formulated for sensitive and red skin can help greatly to calm and protect your skin against synthetic irritants. With our Fiona WRxIGHT MD Skincare we have created a specific skincare kit for rosacea and sensitive skin. To learn more about each product read on – or to purchase a trial sample or full skincare kit shop at www.RxBeautyBar.com to improve your complexion today!
Rosacea / Sensitive Skincare Kit; Designed to clarify, correct and protect your skin from the inflammation found in rosacea and sensitive skin, this system is ideal for skin rejuvenation and will aid in tissue repair. Includes:
Purifying Cleansing Mousse; A lightweight cleansing mousse ideal for all skin types. Featuring Mandelic Acid, it is designed to rid pores of debris, oil and bacteria without the irritation. Blended with Antioxidant Botanicals, this cleanser clarifies and makes an excellent choice for acne and rosacea skin concerns, as well as photo-aged and sensitive skin.
Purifying Citrus Cleanser; Fortified with Anti-oxidants, it will effectively help reduce aging, environmental damage and tissue breakdown, while Green Tea also provide a powerful combination of plant derived agents to support the hormonal stresses that women face on a daily basis. This light weight cleanser will leave your skin refreshed and radiant.
Zinc-Aid Toner; Clinical studies have shown that the healing properties of St. John’s Wort extract is extremely effective in reducing and healing scar damage caused by acne and inflammation. Zinc-Aid Toner is ideal for skin rejuvenation as Niacinamide helps reduces pigmentation and Neroli stimulates new tissue growth.
Rehydration Complex with Vitamin C ; The powerful blend of Vitamin C, Hyaluronic Acid and Aloe Vera creates a gel-based formula which applies evenly, leaves no oily residue, and provides extra-healing capabilities and intense hydration. It works well under make-up and is ideal for those in humid climates, oily skin, or complexions that show afternoon shine.
Clear Skin Repair Cream; Niacinamide provides calming benefits to repair acne and pigmentation, while Aspen bark extract offers a natural infusion of salicylic acid (salyclin) which has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, calming, and healing properties. The perfect addition to your anti-acne and oily skin care routine, for revitalizing and visible results….clear skin.
As the sun is a strong trigger for Rosacea, an effective non-irritating sunscreen (minimum SPF 30) used daily is very important. Due to the sensitive nature of the skin, a chemical sunscreen should be avoided and instead use a physical sunblock (using zinc and titanium oxide). Two very popular sunscreens with our patients are Matte Finish Oil-Free SPF 30 and SPF 30 Sun Shield (100% certified organic).
PhotoFacial – IPL
Skin redness, tiny veins, red and brown blotches develop on the skin as a result of aging, sun exposure, and sun damage. Removal of these blotches and irregularities gives a more youthful appearance to the skin and can be achieved by PhotoFacial – IPL (Intense Pulsed Light) technology.
PhotoFacial is the “Go-To” treatment to correct the facial redness associated with rosacea, sun exposure and skin damage. PhotoFacial helps by two actions – first, the red facial veins absorb the light energy, which damages and dissolves the vessels away, improving your appearance. Secondly, the light energy warms the collagen fibers in the skin which stimulates new collagen and collagen remodelling, and this improves the support of the small blood vessels which helps to delay the development of new facial veins and redness.
- Chemical Peels
- Blu-U Light Therapy and Photodynamic Therapy
The Skin MD and Beyond Acne Treatment Program is the most comprehensive acne treatment program available to treat both active acne and acne scarring. We offer to you, the combination of the best traditional medical treatments and cutting edge technology with advanced aesthetic services which will provide you exceptionally effective acne treatments with fast results.
The goals of Skin MD and Beyond Acne Treatment Program are to target the causes of acne, clear up active acne, prevent further breakouts, eliminate any red or brown spots left from old acne papules, treat any residual scarring and to improve the overall appearance of the skin.
Dr. Wright will personally assess each patient’s skin condition through a detailed skin and health history, review of previous treatments and skin examination. After this comprehensive review she will design an individualized Skin Care Treatment Program for each patient. Our treatments include specialized face washes, gels and creams, systemic treatment (tablets) including antibiotics, hormonal treatment and as well as laser therapy and advanced aesthetic procedures as reviewed below.
There is no “One-Type-Fits All” approach to acne. Acne management is a complex and challenging problem, and to help you reach Flawless Skin, Dr. Wright has formulated unique products for all degrees of acne and all skin types.
Fiona WRxIGHT MD Skin Care
Because we know acne is a serious matter, Dr. Wright not only offers several products that are non- allergic and non-acnegenic- but she also offers complete and specialized acne treatment system kits. Based on the most recent dermatology developments, she has formulated skin care systems that will attack the acne bacteria and significantly reduce acne breakouts. These simple and easy to use products will help you get rid of your acne for good. Clear skin is just a few steps away, and those steps are as easy as 1-2-3.
- Helping clear existing acne
- Preventing new acne from forming
- Improving skin tone and the appearance of existing acne scar
Acne is notorious for affecting almost everyone – and not just teenagers! To help you put a stop to your acne with effective acne skin care products choose items below- from our highly effective cleanser to our popular Clear Skin Repair Cream, Fiona WRxIGHT MD Skincare can help people of all ages find relief from acne.
- Purifying Cleansing Mousse
- Purifying Citrus Cleanser
- 3-in-1 Acne Cleanser
- Dual Action B.P. Scrub
- Zinc-Aid Toner
- Purifying Toner
- Bee Beautiful Purifying Serum
- Clear Skin Repair Cream
- Artic Mineral Mask
- Therapeutic Acne Mask
- Acne Quick Fix
There are many prescriptive options for acne treatment, and it is important to realize that acne is an ongoing process that takes time. If one treatment does not work, you may need to switch to another. There is no cure for acne, but it can be controlled in most cases. Dr. Wright will work with you to find the right product, treatment, or combination of both to suit the severity of your skin condition. The various topical prescriptive treatments include:
- Benzoyl Peroxide
- Salicylic Acid
- Azelaic Acid
- Topical Antibiotics
- Topical Sulfa
- Topical Dapsone
If your acne is not responding to topical treatments alone, Dr. Wright may prescribe an oral prescriptive medication. Oral medications such as antibiotics, hormone modulators, and Isotretinoin (Accutane) have been proven to be very effective in treating acne by improving current acne breakouts and preventing reoccurrences.
Medical Grade Acne Facial Treatments use products with the highest activity levels available to address multiple skin care concerns. Custom preparations combining a wide range of enzymes and polyhydroxy acids are used to treat each individual patient. During your treatment our licensed aestheticians will address the many concerns of acne – from hormonal changes, bacterial infections and imbalances in your body chemistry. Additional services can be customize by including extractions, enzyme peels and certified organic products.
Reparative Oxygen Treatment is a specialized procedure delivering medical grade oxygen to the skin to improve skin oxygenation, decrease bacterial growth and promote healing. When oxygen is introduced to the skin at this cellular level, it assists in cell regeneration, and has healing/ detoxifying qualities which will remove impurities and pollutants left on the skin from the outside environment. Oxygen will also adhere to the collagen and elastin molecules, thereby increasing the strength of the collagen and elastin fibers – and improve your skin’s suppleness. This procedure can be done in conjunction with a Medical Grade Acne Facial Treatment.
Waiting for acne to clear on its own can be frustrating. Without treatment, acne can cause permanent scars, low self-esteem, depression, and anxiety. The American Academy of Dermatology promotes Chemical Peels (using natural acids) as a supplemental treatment with high patient satisfaction. However even though acneic skin might be oily, it can also be sensitive. Professionals working on patients with acne need to remember this, and consider using a more customized and controlled technique to remove oils and dead skin layers.
Chemical Peels are topical preparations including lactic acid, glycolic acid and salicylic acid which act to improve acne, skin surface texture, superficial scarring and help to eliminate oil plugs to decrease blackheads. Peels can be a simple, fast and highly effective way to achieve radiant skin for a special event and can also be used to dramatically lessen the effects of more serious skin conditions.
A series of peels are recommended to treat acne. We offer five different types of peels and during your consultation advice will be offered on choosing the correct peel for your concerns.
Microdermabrasion and DermaSweeps
These relaxing exfoliating superficial type of treatment using very fine crystals(microdermabrasion) or customized bristles(DermaSweep) to remove the dead outer layer of the skin resulting in a smoother skin surface. During your treatment customized masks, ampoules and dermal infusions can also be applied to treat the deeper skin levels where the acne begins and to address your specific concern.
- Acne Serum – with Salicylic Acid for active acne and clogged pores.
- Exfoliating Serum- with Glycolic Acid for oily skin
- Lightening Serum- with Hydroquinone, Azelaic acid and Kojic acid to remove pigmentation
caused by acne
Blu-Light Acne Therapy
Blue Light Acne Treatment is a faster solution to clearing acne than traditional oral and topical medication alone. By using light to kill acne bacteria, results are apparent more quickly. This extremely safe treatment can control your acne or clear it up for a long period. Treatments are simple – you simply sit with your face close to the light for approximately 15 minutes. The procedure is noninvasive & pain-free. Once the treatment is done, patients can return to their daily routine. Typical schedules for patients are twice weekly for 8 weeks. The BLU-U system by Dusa effectively clears 50% of moderate, inflammatory acne in 4-8 weeks. Results are especially impressive when used with conventional treatments, such as topical creams and oral antibiotics. Dr. Wright may recommend exfoliation treatments such as Vitality Vitamin A Peel along with your BlueLight Treatment to clear the skin of the dead cell plugs and blackheads.
Newer non-traditional therapies like Photodynamic Therapy with Blu-U Acne Light is a very popular treatment as it deliver excellent results without requiring the use of oral medications. The Blu-U Light therapy uses blue light to kill bacteria and quiet inflammation. There is no pain or downtime with this treatment. Photodynamic Therapy is used for moderate to severe acne, including cystic, and requires a prescription liquid called Levulan to be applied to the skin prior to the Blu-U treatment. Treatments are able to be customized by choosing the appropriate light therapy device to reduce acne as well as improve your facial tone, color and texture. Patients have experienced wonderful results after a series of 2 to 5 treatments. Results are long-lasting and can be permanent when continuing on a simple at home skin care routine.
SCARS and ACNE SCARS:
- Chemical Peels
- TCA Cross Treatment
- Facial Fillers
- Laser Resurfacing
While many people recover from acne without any permanent effects, some people are left with acne scars that have resulted from their acne. There is considerable variation in types and degrees of acne scars/acne scarring from one person to another but the emotional turmoil this condition causes is shared by all.
Why choose SKIN MD and Beyond for your Scar Correction Treatments?
SKIN MD and Beyond’s longstanding experience in non-surgical cosmetic treatments means that we are the ideal choice if you’re thinking about undergoing scar/ acne scar treatment. Scarring is a physical condition that can have a huge psychological impact. It affects all ages and can destroy self-confidence, affect relationships and even shape the way people live their lives. SKIN MD and Beyond has developed one of the most effective and comprehensive scar treatment programs currently available.
Dr. Wright personally assesses each patient’s skin condition through a detailed skin and health history, review of previous treatments and skin examination. She will help assist you in your decision about which treatment will best suit your goals and lifestyle. Due to the large number of treatments available, a consultation will help you decide which best treatment suits you. Overall, there are a number of treatments that are effective in the treatment of scarring. As a rule, the more invasive the procedures will yield better results with fewer treatments, but will require more.
The most common types of Acne Scars are:
Ice Pick Scars – Ice pick scars are narrow, sharp scars that make the skin appear that it has been punctured with an ice pick. They are usually narrower than 2 mm and extend into the deep dermis or subcutaneous layer. They are the most common and a classic sign of acne scarring.
Boxcar Scars – Boxcar scars are round to oval depressions that have sharp vertical edges. Unlike ice pick scars they do not taper to a point at the base. Theses angular scars usually occur on the temple and cheeks, and can be either superficial or deep, these are similar to chickenpox scars.
Rolling Scars – Rolling scars occur as a result of tethering of otherwise normal-appearing skin to the subcutaneous tissue below. This process gives the skin a rolling or wave-like appearance.
Hypertrophic Scars – Hypertrohphic scars develop when the skin produces excess collagen as the injury heals, creating a raised mass of tissue.
Other Scarring Includes;
Keloid scars – where the size of the scar is significantly raised, red/purple, and disproportionate to the size of the initial trauma caused by the acne.
Deep divots – these are simply very deep scars that involve loss of subcutaneous tissue volume and result in a large divot.
Macular scars – After an acne lesion has healed, it can leave a red or hyper pigmented mark on the skin. This is actually not a scar, but rather a post-inflammatory change. The redness or hyper pigmentation is seen as the skin goes through its healing and remodeling process, which takes approximately 6-12 months. If no more acne lesions develop in that area, the skin can heal normally. Any color change or skin defect still present after 1 year is considered to be a permanent defect or scar. This type of acne scarring is characterized by flat areas of increased and decreased pigmentation or redness as a result of acne. Although there are not any indentations in the skin or raised scars, this is considered as a scar by many patients who have this problem.
Microdermabrasion/DermaSweeps are a superficial type of treatment using very fine crystals (microdermabrasion) or Customized bristles ( DermaSweep) to remove the dead outer layer of the skin resulting in a smoother skin surface. The procedure takes 30 minutes and patients can immediately return to regular activity. Only the very surface cells of the skin are removed, so no additional wound is created. These techniques can be helpful with mild acne scarring. Generally, more than 12 treatments are required and the results are usually slight, and certainly a lot less dramatic than the other treatments mentioned above. To learn more click here.
Chemical Peels use a chemical solution to burn away the fine outer layers of the skin. These topical preparations including lactic acid, glycolic acid and salicylic acid which act to improve skin surface texture and pigmentation. The solutions are available in several strengths, depending on the degree of peeling desired. Healing can take from 3-7 days until a new, smoother layer of skin is then formed. . Generally, these medium to deep chemical peels are required to achieve a significant result, but a series of more superficial chemical peels could help achieve some improvement in milder acne scarring without significant downtime. To learn more click here.
TCA CROSS Technique
For ice-pick scars, there is a technique called TCA Cross. This involves careful placement of high concentrations chemical called TCA (trichloroacetic acid) into the ice-pick scar. This stimulates the production of new collagen and remodelling of existing collagen to fill in the acne scar. The advantage of this treatment is that it is localized to the problem only and not the unaffected skin.
TCA has been used for over 50 years to rejuvenate and repair the skin in a variety of conditions. The CROSS Technique, (Chemical Reconstruction of Skin Scars) using 80-100% TCA, has the advantage of reconstructing acne scars by focusing on the dermal thickening and collagen production that occurs with higher TCA concentrations. Due to the high concentrations of TCA used, this procedure is performed only by Dr. Wright. Local anesthetics or sedation are not needed for CROSS. Mild stinging is usually encountered, easily controlled with an electric fan. An antibiotic ointment is applied to the treated areas after the procedure, and used as needed until crust formation occurs. The skin will be cleansed daily with a non-drying cleanser and moisturized with a moisturizer-sunscreen. The application of mineral based makeup is allowed after CROSS. CROSS is repeated every 4-6 weeks until maximal change is achieved.
Repeated CROSS application can help normalize deep rolling and boxcar scars, and deep ice pick scars, but it is likely that other procedures may be included to obtain the most change. The degree of clinical improvement in the original study was proportional to the number of courses of CROSS treatment, with good improvement after three to six courses being recorded in more than 90% of cases. This technique can also treat chicken pox scars and dilated pores, as well as reconstructing depressed surgical scars.
The CROSS Technique is another color on the palette of therapies for acne scars and other depressed surgical scars. A consultation will be necessary to evaluate each patient’s needs and develop a comprehensive and individualized approach to scar rejuvenation.
About 80% of us have been affected by acne at some time in our lives and acne scarring can be an unsightly reminder of having to deal with that condition. Today, Facial Fillers offers a solution to reduce acne scars by placing filler under the scar to plump up the surface to the level of the skin around the scar. Though this treatment needs to be repeated to maintain the desired effect, the procedure is simple with little discomfort and the results are immediate.
Injections with Belotero and Restylane(hyaluronic acid) are good treatments for shallow and deep acne scars. These naturally-occurring fillers can be injected under the area of the scar to “stretch” and “fill out” certain types of superficial and deep soft scars. Dermal fillers usually does not work as well for ice-pick scars and keloids. Results are immediately apparent and patients usually require touch-up treatments every six months to two years. To learn more click here
Lasers have become the treatment of choice today for acne scars and Skin MD and Beyond is leading the way in offering patients a comprehensive program. To ensure that patients achieve the results they want, Dr. Wright offers multiple laser options to effectively treat these skin texture issues.
Lasers work by stimulating collagen production in the skin, thereby smoothing out scars. This can be accomplished in a non-ablative fashion (without removing tissue), ablative fashion (vaporizing or removing outer layers of skin) and in a microablative technique (microscopically removing tissue).
ResurFX Laser Resurfacing
The microablative or fractional method of resurfacing skin which the ResurFX Laser uses has revolutionized the treatment for acne scars has become the gold standard today. As well, the ResurFX Laser is not only the treatment of choice for acne scars but it is also able to treat a wide variety of skin conditions such as wrinkles, skin laxity, and photo damage.
This laser works by smoothing the scar ridges and encouraging collagen growth beneath the scar. The ResurFX laser uses the latest technology in skin resurfacing by treating the skin with microbeams of laser light. Because these microbeams only target a pin-dot size of skin tissue at a time, the untouched skin surrounding the treated skin protects the integrity of the epidermis and healing occurs quite quickly.
Acne Scars are treated with a series of procedures. Five to six treatments may be required to show positive effects. Because the collagen response is seen over time, final treatment results are usually seen between 6 and 12 months after the last procedure. Patents may choose more aggressive treatments for faster results, but should expect several days of downtime with higher level treatments.
Micro Laser Peel
In the past, traditional full resurfacing (ablative) techniques would peel down to a 120 micron depth of skin. As a result, the skin would become red, swollen, and weepy and patients are off of work for a minimum of a week, and the redness frequently would persist for 1-2 months. In today’s busy world, most people cannot stay away from work for the week and cannot tolerate one to two months of redness.
The new Micro Laser Peel treatment is another new addition to today’s anti-aging arsenal as well as scar treatment. Micro laser resurfacing treatments, are microablative treatments specifically designed to peel the skin layer by layer, allowing Dr. Wright to control the depth of skin removed. Each level (20-50 microns) provides a different end result, adjustable to fit the lifestyle needs and end desires of the patient. In comparison, microdermabrasion and glycolic peels, typically performed by an esthetician, are an ideal “polishing” procedure which can reach a depth of 10-15 microns. Because Micro Laser Peels are a “weekend” skin peel which goes deeper into the epidermis, it is the perfect “next step-up” from Microdermabrasions and Chemical Peels.
To learn and find out why SKIN MD and Beyond is recognized as a national expert with the Whisper Micro Laser Peel, watch Dr. Wright in a live demonstration on the televised show ABC American Health Front. Click Here.
The healing process varies from patient to patient but will generally take from two to four days. The procedure can be performed on Thursday or Friday and you can return to work the following Monday. Immediately following the procedure you will feel as if you havea bad sunburn. You will have minor sloughing and itchiness the following day. By day two, redness will begin to fade and by day three any redness can be easily covered by makeup.
The Whisper Micro Laser Peel is used for the treatment of wrinkles, the improvement of scars, and in the general rejuvenation of skin. At the time of your consultation a medical questionnaire and assessment will be completed and Dr. Wright will set up a treatment plan including the depth of the peel and the number of peels required to achieve the desired results. Dr. Wright may recommend up to five treatments done monthly.
MicroNeedling – DermaPen
DermaPen therapy provides advanced micro-medical skin needling. It is a procedure that stimulates the skin to regenerate and repair itself naturally and safely creating smoother, brighter, healthier and younger looking skin. The fine needles on an oscillation platform and will penetrate into the skin tissue, below the outer stratum corneum layer of the epidermis. In this living tissue there is a target area of epithelial cells, blood supply, nerve cells, extra cellular matrix collagen, elastin and fibroblasts that all produce and repair certain parts of the body. By causing a trauma to the skin it creates a wound healing response within the dermis and this will encourage new collagen in the areas that are treated.
Most people are suitable for the DermaPen treatment, including all skin types. Dr. Wright recommends that patients have 3 procedures approximately 6-8 weeks of each other. For deep acne scarring it may be necessary that the client has up to 6 treatments. It can take up to 6 weeks before visible results can be seen.
Pigmentation and vascular changes are a result of inflammation caused from acne and Photofacial is an ideal treatment to decrease these red and brown discolorations. PhotoFacial uses multiple wavelengths of light to gently remodel the collagen and is used to eliminate superficial skin color irregularities. This treatment is best suited for flat (macular) scars where the main problem is pigmentation changes rather than changes in the skin texture. In many cases, it is important to ensure that any active acne is under control prior to treating acne scarring, as the changes to the skin caused by acne can persist for a long time.
Trauma and Surgical Scars
Scars from accidents or surgical procedures can be painful visual reminders of what you went through as well as being disfiguring. A series of ResurFX fractional laser treatments can help soften and minimize the appearance of these scars. Unlike other lasers, the ResurFX can treat all skin types and tones and works on your entire face: forehead, eyes, nasolabial folds, lip lines, chin and even the neck, chest
LUMPS, BUMPS, and MOLES
At some time in our life, we have all had a concerning spot show up on our skin, or may have had a multitude of marks that appear on the surface of the skin, particularly the face. Some concerns may be very innocent (skin tags, milia, seborrheic keratosis, warts) and can be removed for cosmetic reasons only. See information at Forehead: Lumps, Bumps and Moles.
Others spots, although not cancerous, may still need to be removed for medical reasons. See information Cheek: Lumps, Bumps and Moles.
But the most important spots that require close attention are moles. Most people have moles. They appear as brown ‘spots’ of varying sizes on the skin. They can be flat or raised, big or small. Usually they are quite round but can sometimes be irregular in shape. Medically moles are called ‘naevi’ (or nevi) with one mole being a ‘naevus’ (or nevus).
Moles can be present at birth and very often more develop as people age, normally as a result of exposure to the sun. Moles are a collection of pigment containing cells called melanocytes within the skin and their presence should not cause any concern or serious problems. However, some moles can go on to develop one of two conditions called ‘non malignant melanoma’ and ‘malignant melanoma’. It is the signs that show that these moles might be changing that we all need to be aware of.
What are the Signs that a Mole is Changing?
- The border may become irregular, uneven or blurred
- There may be a change in colour
- An increase or decrease in size and elevation
- It could be itchy or painful
Everybody should examine their moles on a regular basis to look for any changes to moles that are already there or the appearance of new ones, particularly if there is a family history of skin cancer.
Non-melanoma skin malignancies are quite common, affecting up to 1 in 6 of the population, predominantly in those who have had sun exposure during their lives (sun-bathing, outdoors sport,
gardening, living in hot countries etc.)
Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) is very common in people with fair skin and is often found on the face or areas of the body that are continually exposed to the sun. Most often SCC is curable provided it is diagnosed early and treated.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) is related to excess exposure to Ultra Violet light and is commonly found on the face or areas of the body that are continually exposed to the sun. It is slow growing and is usually
noticed and treated before it can cause a problem. Very rarely, if it is left untreated, it can grow big enough to cause structural damage and extremely rarely it can eventually be life threatening.
Both SCC and BCC are common and are related to sun exposure. They are both slow growing and so give plenty of time to be noticed and for treatment to be sought. Provided they are treated, the outcome is
usually excellent. They usually only cause a problem when they are ignored and are allowed to continue to grow for years.
Malignant melanoma is the most dangerous type of skin cancer. It can appear on normal skin or it may start out as a mole or an area that has changed in appearance. It can be found anywhere on the body and often spreads very rapidly. It is the less common type of skin cancer but it is the leading cause of death from skin disease. Melanoma is related to sun exposure, particularly among those with fair skin,
blue or green eyes and red or blonde hair. Latest figures suggest that the lifetime risk of getting a malignant melanoma in the USA it is about 1 in 60.
What is Mole Mapping/Mole Screening?
Mole mapping is an advanced method for early diagnosis of skin cancer. With a specialist medical camera, a Clinician will take microscopic pictures of a patient’s moles. Each mole is analyzed and images are measured and digitally stored to refer back to. There are two methods of scanning that can be used.
Total body mapping is for people who have a large number of moles that need to be monitored. During the appointment, 16 images are taken that covers the whole of the body and any large or suspicious moles are highlighted. Patients are then asked to return back to the Clinic 3 – 6 months later for a follow-up appointment. During this follow-up appointment, a further 16 images are taken and then they are
digitally compared to the original images to identify any changes that have occurred. This is an excellent way of keeping a regular check on moles to identify any changes or increase in numbers. The outcome from malignant melanoma depends on its depth – NOT its size. Therefore, the earlier it is caught and treated, the more superficial it is likely to be and the better the prognosis. Skin cancers are often curable if diagnosed early so procedures such as mole screening and mole mapping play an important part in detecting such changes in time to successfully treat them.
Dr. Wright works very closely with several skin care experts that specialize in Mole Mapping and Surgical Excisions of moles, and will provide referrals upon request. | <urn:uuid:85f08a15-a4ce-492d-9105-ad358ca357ca> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.skinmdandbeyond.com/complexion-correction/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00077.warc.gz | en | 0.932582 | 10,183 | 1.929688 | 2 |
To make a Race and Ethnicity Course Mandatory in Highschool
To make a Race and Ethnicity Course Mandatory in Highschool
Action Plan Statement
Goal: To have a mandatory open level Race and Ethnicity course in highschool.
We are asking the Minister of Education of Ontario, Stephen Lecce committed to “fighting for student success and is working to build an education system that is equipped to support our next generation...Stephen stands for an inclusive and equitable system of education and believes that our future as a province and as a country, depends on unlocking the potential of all youth” to reform the education system.
Implementing this course is the first step in reforming the current Eurocentric teachings of “Social Studies”, history, and other subjects that neglect to focus on the important systemic issues from an early age.
Problem: Our current primary and secondary education programs do not address the existence of racism in Canada in the past and in the present. Without educating students on the full extent of the history of racism and cultural assimilation in the past, we are perpetuating a continual cycle of colonialism today. Marginalized groups are then excluded from our teachings and further discriminated against. It is important to showcase the realities of these systemic issues and teach students how to identify discriminatory actions with regards to the issues of race, ethnicity, gender, class, etc. in order to educate students on the makings of society and the ways in which these systems operate.
We are not educated about the full extent of slavery and Indigenous genocide that happened in the past, and the lasting effects of that today on racialized, Indigenous, and immigrant populations. What are the lasting mindsets of colonialism that exist today? What does racism and oppression look like in Canada today, right now in terms of issues of race, ethnicity, gender, class, etc.? How are the communities dealing with it? How can we progress and learn?
Intention of the course: To provide students with better knowledge and understanding of how race and ethnicity looks in today’s society: How minorities are;
portrayed in the media
recipients of healthcare
treated by the education system (By peers, teachers, staff and the education system in general)
treated at the workplace including hiring practices
dealt with by the justice system
Additional topics to cover
- The Eurocentric beauty standard
Racialization of poverty
Racism and reconciliation with Indigenous peoples
White privilege and white fragility
and many more areas of focus of oppression of the everyday life of communities in Canada. A more in-depth list of topics to cover is available at the end of this petition. If you think I missed an important topic feel free to contact me firstname.lastname@example.org
Course Description: The first component of this course will explore the theories and foundations of racism, in order to encourage students to engage in critical thinking through an interdisciplinary lens. The second component will analyze systemic structures that are upheld within Canadian society such as the criminal justice system, education systems, public health systems, and other areas of colonization. The third component will present the students with strategies of political resistance from thinkers of the Global South and how to increase the representation of marginalized people within society.
David Este, Liza Lorenzetti, and Christa Sato (eds.). 2018. Racism and Anti-Racism in Canada. Halifax: Fernwood Publishing.
Book/Article Suggestions from Black and Indigenous Theorists
The Inconvenient Indian - Thomas King (Book)
Intersectionality - Kimberlé Crenshaw (Article)
The New Jim Crow - Michelle Alexander (Book)
Decolonization is not a Metaphor - Eve Tuck and K. Wayne Yang (Article)
Why in high school: There have been many petitions for an Anti-Oppression course to be a requirement at a post-secondary institution however, the opportunity to gain post-secondary education is not accessible to everyone. Implementing this course within high schools would be beneficial for the growth and development of students. The concepts taught are applicable in everyday life and it teaches students how to be mindful of the impact of their actions. This course will allow students to know how to analyze entrenched discriminatory practices within our institutions, develop an interdisciplinary lens, and create safer spaces within educational institutions and within the community. Education is the first step in creating social change and race and ethnicity course will be beneficial to all parties through this highly applicable and important course
Why I think this is important: I’ve attended educational institutions in Ottawa for both elementary and secondary school. Living in the most multicultural province in Canada, I believe there should be reasonable expectations and a priority for educational institutions to inform students on issues of colonialism and race as it pertains to a wide audience. There needs to be an increased representation of BIPOC’s within the education system. This would foster a safer space for students in communicating their experiences, being validated, and heard.
Taking this type of course in university provided me with much validation and understanding of my experiences and the experiences of those around me. By starting this petition I hope to demonstrate the importance stressed by the Ottawa community in reforming the Ontario education system. Collectively, we view the importance of having students be made aware of how colonialism is being perpetuated and how this affects many racialized people within the community and also around the world.
Comprehensive topics to include in the course:
- How BIPOC are treated in schools (adultification)
Racism mislabelled as “bullying” and not addressed properly
School to prison pipeline
Promoting “Diversity” and “Multiculturism” does not address each Race and how they are treated differently in society
How racial stereotypes influence teachers/staff in grading, dropout and explosion rates
- Quality of Healthcare dependant on Race
Racialization of Poverty
Infant mortality rates
White Supremacy and Eurocentric Ideologies
- Eurocentric Beauty standards -> Stereotypes
White feminism -> intersectionality
- Criminal justice system (war on drugs, over-policing, police brutality, the 13th amendment)
Carding and racial profiling done by Police Officers
- Indigenous land rights
Missing and murdered Indigenous Women and Girls
Proper Residential schools history, the last school closed in 1996 which is shocking
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Yerba Buena Gardens is an 87-acre project, formerly an area of decaying warehouses and vacant lots, where redevelopment was begun in the 1960s. While the project extends to twelve city blocks, there are three “Central Blocks” comprising 22 acres of retail, entertainment, and cultural uses, where most of the public space is located. The overall district includes low- and middle-income housing, as well as market-rate condominiums; a large Marriott Hotel; six acres of gardens; retail, recreational, entertainment, parking, and cultural facilities; a five-acre children’s center; and the George Moscone Convention Center. The outdoor space, most of which is concentrated on Central Block 2 and comprises approximately 5.5 acres, is very versatile and can accommodate a variety of activities without seeming overly crowded. In 1998, the Agency developed the Children’s Center on the block to the south, which has a smaller open space (about three acres). Also in the works is a 50-foot-wide pedestrian street called Yerba Buena Lane that will run between Mission and Market Streets, and St. Patrick’s Church and the Marriot Hotel. The spaces include a Martin Luther King, Jr., memorial, the Esplanade Stage (an outdoor performance space), several gardens and sculptures, and a waterfall.
Owned by: The San Franciso Redevelopment Agency. The Agency has created the Yerba Buena Alliance, a nonprofit membership organization whose mission is to support and enhance the continuing revitalization of Yerba Buena Gardens. Its members include all stakeholders in the Yerba Buena neighborhood, including cultural organizations, educational institutions, commercial and recreational entities, residential complexes, hotels, public agencies, churches and individuals. The Yerba Buena Alliance will be incorporated into a BID when the Agency withraws from the area in 2009.
Managed by: The KTB Company, a for-profit corporation. The Redevelopment Agency, which remains the temporary governing body for the area while construction proceeds, contracts with the KTB company to manage the security, operation and maintenance program for Yerba Buena Gardens. KTB’s staff includes a General Manager, garden consultants, and maintenance and security personnel.
Maintenance: Janitorial services and some of the landscaping is sub-contracted by KTB. A regular preventative maintenance schedule is followed for the sculptures and special features of the park.
Security and hospitality: Security is sub-contracted by KTB. The KTB general sanager has spearheaded a community security group, in which Yerba Buena security guards, the San Francisco Police Department, and Bay Area Rapid Transit police coordinate their efforts, including a common radio band. Staff training includes hospitality training, so the staff can also act as guides and ambassadors to the site.
Programming: The wide variety of programs include music, dance, and spoken-word performances, cultural festivals and day-long events, weekly ethnic music concerts, and the Fourth of July Alternative Family Picnic. Yerba Buena Arts & Events, a nonprofit 501(c)(3) corporation, has recently been put in place to curate and coordinate arts and events programming for the Esplanade and the Children’s Gardens; coordination with the Yerba Buena Alliance prevents conflicts in the activity calendar.
Marketing and promotion: The Yerba Buena Alliance helps to promote and market the site through its membership newsletters.
Yerba Buena Center is located in the freeway approach grid for the Bay Bridge, so several of the surrounding streets are wide and difficult to cross. A related challenge is to encourage visitors to cross the “boundaries” between the various attractions.
Security, operations, and maintenance for the six-acre Esplanade (the principal open space) and the two-acre Rooftop cost $2.31 million per year. The programming budget is $329,000, which is covered through an account set up by the Agency and funded by rents from the Marriot and the Metreon (Sony Entertainment Center). The Agency now requires all land purchasers to contribute to this account; all concessionaires, retail stores, and entertainment facilities also contribute. This account yields about $150,000 per year, and is supplemented by $112,000 of earned income and $67,000 of contributed income, the latter of which includes corporate sponsorships. The Agency provides basic rent, utilities, and security for the Center for the Arts and Zeum (the children’s center), but no funds for programming. The Agency passes through support to the Child Care Center from developers who make lump-sum payments for that purpose. The Agency also provides the Center with rent-free space. Zeum is supported by revenues from the carousel.
Capital investment: The San Francisco Redevelopment Agency’s budget is supported in part by land sales, leases, grants, and bonding. The Children’s Center was paid for with hotel tax revenue bonds (hotel taxes.) Jessie Square, a new public space, will be built by a private developer who will build a parking garage under the square. There is a current proposal to provide capital support for the construction of the Mexican Museum. Capital improvements will be completed with tax increment financing. As property taxes in the redevelopment areas increase, the San Francisco Board of Supervisors (the city council) can allocate 60% of this revenue back to the Agency to continue its work and pay off its bonds.
- Effective coordination of such a large site requires that all programming be funneled through one coordinator.
- A cooperative atmosphere is a key to success. This tone was set by Helen Sause, the project’s director for 18 years. She was called the “Princess of Process” since she was extremely concerned with gaining a consensus from all the stakeholders.
- Mechanisms for the management of the open spaces should be tied into the development of the site.
San Francisco Redevelopment Agency
Bill Carney: Senior Project Manager
770 Golden Gate Avenue
San Francisco, CA 94102
Mary McCue: General Manager
Yerba Buena Arts & Events
Mario Garcia Durham, Executive Director
(415) 978-2710, Ext. 111
Yerba Buena Alliance
Anita Hills: Executive Director
760 Howard Street
San Francisco, CA 94105
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Concerned the chemical may be linked to a kidney disease killing agricultural workers, Sri Lanka this week ordered a ban on glyphosate, the active ingredient in Monsanto’s top-selling herbicide Roundup.
The move comes weeks after publication of a new study in Sri Lanka suggesting glyphosate as the leading culprit for the illness. The paper did not provide new scientific evidence, but laid out a detailed theory that the use of glyphosate in areas with heavy metals in the drinking water is causing the chronic kidney disease. Roundup is the top selling herbicide in the world, and Monsanto said the newest study is built upon untested theory rather than hard data.
“Glyphosate acts as a carrier or a vector of these heavy metals to the kidney,” said Dr. Channa Jayasumana, the study’s principal author.
For more than two years, the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists has examined a mysterious form of kidney disease that has killed tens of thousands of agricultural workers in Central America, Sri Lanka and India. The malady is suspected by scientists to be caused by a combination of factors including chronic dehydration from hard labor in tropical heat and exposure to toxins such as pesticides, but its origins have yet to be fully uncovered.
Wednesday’s announcement by Sri Lanka was the most dramatic measure taken to date to combat the illness. The legislature in El Salvador approved a ban on dozens of agrochemicals including glyphosate last September, but the proposal has so far not been signed into law.
“An investigation carried out by medical specialists and scientists has revealed that kidney disease was mainly caused by glyphosate,” Special Projects Minister S.M Chandrasena told reporters in Sri Lanka. “President Mahinda Rajapaksa has ordered the immediate removal of glyphosate from the local market soon after he was told of the contents of the report.”
Roundup is used all over the world, including in countless areas that do not suffer from this distinct form of kidney disease.
“There are no epidemiologic studies suggesting that exposures to glyphosate-based products are associated with renal disorders either in Sri Lanka or elsewhere,” said Monsanto spokesman Thomas Helscher. “The paper presents a theory, the theory has not been tested, and there are a significant number of publications supported by data that make the Jayasumana hypothesis quite unlikely to be correct.”
Sri Lanka’s ban represents a triumph for Jayasumana, a researcher who has long insisted that pesticides and the heavy metals arsenic and cadmium are responsible for the disease.
While he has transformed in Sri Lanka from a resented outsider — a government official once denounced his theories as “arsenic terrorism” — to a respected voice in official policy, some scientists question the evidence behind the pesticide theories, considering them plausible but largely unproven.
Jayasumana’s study does not include laboratory or field tests, and appeared in a little-known “open access” journal in which publishing fees are paid by the authors.
"Banning of pesticides is to be supported under the precautionary principle, since they may be potentially related to CKD," said Dr. Catharina Wesseling of the Program on Work, Environment and Health in Central America (SALTRA). "However, although beneficial for worker's health, we should not expect that this will solve the epidemic in Central America."
Jayasumana’s article contends that glyphosate, which forms powerful chemical bonds with heavy metals, enters into compounds that persist in drinking water until they break down in people’s kidneys. It is the combination of heavy water and Roundup or other glyphosate products, he argued, that places the population at risk.
“I think we can explain the geographical distribution as well as the time problem with our hypothesis,” Jayasumana said, in reference to the epidemic’s unusual geography and its surge in all of the affected regions during the 1990s.
Jayasumana contends Monsanto failed in its obligations to warn the public of the health risks posed by glyphosate when used in areas with heavy water. Glyphosate was originally patented as a chelating agent — a substance useful for its ability to form strong chemical bonds with metals — so Monsanto was aware of these properties, Jayasumana said.
“I don’t see any warnings on the bottle or on the label,” he said. “I feel it’s a fault by Monsanto.”
Official studies in Sri Lanka have found heavy metals and pesticides including glyphosate in the environment of affected areas and in urine samples of kidney patients. One study published last August by Sri Lankan health officials in partnership with the World Health Organization found that urine samples of sick patients had elevated levels of cadmium, and that 65 percent of patients’ urine samples also had traces of glyphosate.
El Salvador has also identified traces of heavy metals in a small number of affected communities, and glyphosate is used widely in the country. Dr. Carlos Orantes, the director of El Salvador’s national research program into the epidemic, said his team is working on developing a map of areas with hard water within El Salvador’s borders.
“Our primary principal is to protect human lives,” said Orantes, a proponent of banning pesticides including glyphosate in El Salvador.
Editor's note: The story has been updated to include a more current comment from Dr. Catharina Wesseling. | <urn:uuid:4d0defd2-1483-4f0e-b04e-40968befc3af> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.publicintegrity.org/2014/03/13/14418/sri-lanka-bans-monsanto-herbicide-citing-potential-link-deadly-kidney-disease | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282140.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00124-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.957885 | 1,130 | 2.21875 | 2 |
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Specularity is the visual appearance of specular reflections.
In computer graphics, it means the quantity used in three-dimensional (3D) rendering which represents the amount of reflectivity a surface has. It is a key component in determining the brightness of specular highlights, along with shininess to determine the size of the highlights.
It is frequently used in real-time computer graphics and ray tracing, where the mirror-like specular reflection of light from other surfaces is often ignored (due to the more intensive computations required to calculate it), and the specular reflection of light directly from point light sources is modelled as specular highlights.
In the context of seismic migration, specularity is defined as the cosine of the angle made by the surface normal vector and the angle bisector of the angle defined by the directions of the incident and diffracted rays. For a purely specular seismic event the value of specularity should be equal to unity, as the angle between the surface normal vector and the angle bisector should be zero, according to Snell's Law. For a diffractive seismic event, the specularity can be sub-unitary. During the seismic migration, one can filter each seismic event according to the value of specularity, in order to enhance the contribution of diffractions in the seismic image. Alternatively, the events can be separated in different sub-images according to the value of specularity to produce a specularity gather.
- Moser, T.J.; Howard, C.B. (2008). "Diffraction imaging in depth". Geophysical Prospecting. 56 (5). pp. 627–641. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2478.2007.00718.x.
- Sturzu, I.; et al. (2013). "Specularity Gathers for Diffraction Imaging". 75th EAGE Conference & Exhibition incorporating SPE EUROPEC. doi:10.3997/2214-4609.20130700.
|This computer graphics–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.| | <urn:uuid:f9cc9bc7-af8d-4dff-8a8d-1670772dee6e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specularity | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280483.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00295-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.853227 | 459 | 3.34375 | 3 |
Technology requirements for chip-on-chip packaging solutions
The trend towards smaller, lighter and thinner products requires a steady miniaturization which has brought-up the concept of Chip Scale Packaging (CSP). The next step to reduce packaging cost was the chip packaging directly on the wafer. Wafer Level Packaging (WLP) enables the FC assembly on PWB without interposers. New and improved microelectronic systems require significant more complex devices which could limit the performance due to the wiring of the subsystems on the board. 3-D packaging using the existing WLP infrastructure is one of the most promising approaches. Stacking of chips for chip-on-chip packages can be done by wafer-to-wafer stacking or by chip-to-wafer stacking which is preferable for yield and die size considerations. This chip-on-chip packaging requires a base die with redistribution traces to match the I/O layout of both dice. This allows the combination of the performance advantage of flip chip with the options of WLP. To avoid the flip chip bonding process the thin chip integration (TCI) concept can be used. Key elements of this approach are extremely thin ICs (down to 20 mu m thickness) which are incorporated into the redistribution. This technology offers excellent electrical properties of the whole microelectronic system. The focus of this paper will be the technology requirements for the realization of different kinds of chip-on-chip packages. | <urn:uuid:dab3ef79-64e3-408c-b839-85c7aaf1a1f2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/350690 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.873596 | 309 | 2.515625 | 3 |
by Stephanie Loveless*
The last decades have shown that the global approach to nature conservation in Africa often has detrimental effects on the livelihoods of local people. This article gives insight into a conservation area in Tanzania and how it has been affecting local communities. Is it possible to find an approach that can further conservation efforts while benefiting local communities?
Anti-poaching has long been on the agendas of global conservation campaigns, and attracted attention with the help of world-class celebrity endorsements. Hollywood actress Angelina Jolie has been one of the loudest anti-poaching ambassadors and will be directing a film on illegal elephant hunting in Africa this year. Anti-poaching is not only visible in the media, but has also caught the attention of political decision makers. Last year, U.S. President Barack Obama met with Tanzania’s President Jakaya Kikwete to discuss establishment of an anti-poaching task force, also drawing much attention to the topic.
Attention-getting campaigns on conservation in general and poaching in particular, have made ‘conservation’ a household word for most of us, and indeed, encouraged time and resources to be funneled toward conservation causes. With large environmental agencies collecting donations from individuals, organizations, governments and political parties, money can easily be disseminated toward establishing conservation areas and protecting important species such as the big five game animals—elephant, lion, buffalo, leopard and rhinoceros.
Yet, in our rush to protect endangered species—often existing far away from us—we become easily disconnected from the people who live at the end of the conservation chain. To illustrate the effects of global conservation initiatives on local livelihoods examples from Northern Tanzania, an area famed for its renowned tourist destinations such as the safari circuit, will be explored in the following.
THE CONSERVATION CHAIN
In Tanzania 40% of the country is under some form of protection as a means of preserving aerial, terrestrial and aquatic environments and valuable species dependent on these areas. Donor funds are used for protecting these areas and often come in parallel with a set of policy recommendations, and pressures on how to implement such measures. When countries such as Tanzania collaborate with donor organizations by instituting policies that meet international conservation goals and often national development goals as well, these policies have a tendency to impact the lives of locals who experience their effects first hand.
A Wildlife Management Area (WMA) is a type of protected area that is meant to encourage community participation in establishing and managing conservation while acting as a source of income for the local community. Yet, in reality, from a research I conducted in Northern Tanzania this spring, evidence shows that fewer than 10% of villagers in case study villages were involved in establishing the local WMA in Randileni and half of those interviewed and surveyed were not aware of the conservation areas being established in their village at all. Residents expressed underlying resentment, rejection and resistance at not having been involved in the process of establishing the local WMA, and these sentiments eventually played themselves out in villager protests where new boundaries of the conservation area were rejected and villagers tried to block further progress of the WMA becoming operational.
Villagers, by and large, rejected the Randileni WMA because with its establishment, adequate access to resources needs becomes increasingly difficult. The majority of people living in these areas are members of pastoralist tribes, such as the Maasai, whose lifestyles thrive upon moving with livestock over large spans of land to meet their nutritional, spiritual and livelihood needs.
PROTECTED AREAS AND THEIR IMPACT ON LOCAL PEOPLE
By default, protected areas often restrict the ability of local people to conduct livelihood activities as before. Increased numbers of wildlife and game scouts, responsible for rule enforcement, instigate costs from protected areas. The costs experienced by humans from conservation in Tanzania are increased numbers of human-wildlife interactions that lead to crop raids by wildlife, and even physical injuries inflicted by wild animals. The tension between locals and game scouts intensifies, the result of which can be violent encounters.
Inadequate access to natural resources required for livelihood activities creates a sense of insecurity. In addition, living in fear of violating rules, and restrictions from conservation policies that may result in fines or even incarceration, produces apprehensive attitudes. These impacts on the local communities are a sign that many of these areas are being created without holistic analysis and inclusion of those whom they most intimately affect. Also and importantly, with often-limited resources for implementing conservation measures, achieving conservation goals desperately requires community participation.
THINK LOCALLY WHEN ACTING GLOBALLY
Actions resulting from global conservation efforts, with the best of intentions, often affect local livelihoods and result in implications on human rights and can be counter-productive to achieving conservation goals. There is a strong need for an inclusive approach to conservation and species protection. Only if we think and act in terms of equity and environmental justice will we be able to effectively achieve conservation goals.
*Stephanie Loveless has a double Master degree in Environmental Science with specialisation in Climate Change and Environmental Management. Her current research interests involve human aspects of conservation and environmental histories of landscapes. She is currently working as a land steward for Black Canyon Regional Land Trust in Colorado.
This article was first published on World Watch Institute Europe | <urn:uuid:9d080720-5130-47a2-a282-d1d9d3b34094> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://entitleblogdotorg3.wordpress.com/2014/11/25/think-locally-when-acting-globally-wildlife-conservation-at-stake-in-tanzania/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00667.warc.gz | en | 0.949564 | 1,081 | 2.984375 | 3 |
Jonathan Valdez, RDN, CDCES, CPT is a New York City-based telehealth registered dietitian nutritionist and nutrition communications expert.
Marley Hall is a writer and fact checker who is certified in clinical and translational research. Her work has been published in medical journals in the field of surgery, and she has received numerous awards for publication in education.
Weight management is a multi-faceted strategy that involves nutrition, exercise, hormones, mental health, sleep, and other lifestyle interventions to keep body weight at a level that allows the individual to live a comfortable, active, and productive life. While lifestyle factors such as diet and exercise can impact weight, it’s also important to note that there is a genetic component when it comes to weight.
Maintaining energy balance, or the ability of the body to expend the calories it takes in, can be the most challenging aspect of weight management. Additionally, some medical conditions and medications can impact weight as well making it difficult to achieve weight management goals. Whether you are looking to maintain, lose, or gain weight, we have nutrition plans and tips to help you reach your goals.
Leptin is a hormone that regulates fat storage by telling your brain how much fat your body has stored. The mechanism by which it works also helps regulate appetite. While leptin is considered the “hallmark” of obesity, its exact mechanisms and pathways in the pathophysiology and potential treatment of obesity are not fully understood.
There is not a one-size-fits-all pattern of eating when it comes to weight management. Dietary choices must be customized to an individual, taking into account health history, preferences, and access, among other considerations. That said, many experts recommend the Mediterranean Diet for weight management and optimal nutrition due to its emphasis on fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats. This eating pattern is easily customized for an individual's goals, preferences, and health concerns.
Insulin resistance (IR) is when your body stops responding to insulin and therefore cannot use glucose for energy. You might be more likely to develop insulin resistance if you are overweight or obese, making weight management a smart strategy for preventing this condition that can also lead to diabetes.
Diet, exercise, and managing abdominal fat are the first line of defense in management of IR. Through the guidance of a registered dietitian, some individuals may adapt a lower-carbohydrate diet or begin counting carbs. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, as opposed to gaining and losing weight on a regular basis, can help prevent IR.
Also known as underactive thyroid, hypothyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland doesn't produce enough thyroid hormone. This can result in fatigue and unplanned weight gain. Because some of this unintentional weight gain may be due to fluid retention, or edema, a low-sodium diet may be advised, along with a caloric deficit.
While PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome) is associated with weight gain, the benefits of caloric restriction for this condition remain unclear. The exact causes of PCOS remain unknown, but one theory is that excess insulin may play a role, and therefore exercise paired with a lower-carbohydrate diet may benefit some individuals.
The foods you eat and the quantity in which they are consumed will play the larger role in weight management. However, exercise can help expend energy, build and maintain muscle mass, and encourage a healthier overall lifestyle. Both are important in maintaining a healthy weight throughout the life cycle.
Nutrition is the most important component in successful long-term weight management. Whatever dietary pattern is chosen, maintaining a caloric deficit and then balance will be most important. A registered dietitian can help individuals assess their caloric, macronutrient, and micronutrient needs within a culturally appropriate framework to aid in weight management.
Intuitive eating can be a powerful tool in long-term weight management as it can increase comfort levels around food, and thereby remove the fears and anxieties associated with them. Removing these fears and anxieties can help eliminate the binge and restrict cycle that is associated with weight gain. Moreover, intuitive eating is positively associated with positive body image, self-esteem, and wellbeing.
Feeling satiated is extremely important in weight management, which is why a focus on nutrient-dense foods should be made a priority. Many nutrient-dense foods, such as fruits and vegetables, are also high-volume foods, which can promote satiety. Some common mistakes in weight management are skipping meals or “saving” calories for later meals, both of which can lead to overeating later.
Many health conditions can impact weight management, many of which are related to hormonal changes. Metabolic syndrome, a cluster of conditions that includes high blood pressure, elevated blood glucose levels, excess waist adiposity, and abnormal cholesterol levels, can raise an individual’s need for weight management.
Proper nutrition is a key component for weight management. However, it is important to choose an overall eating pattern that is sustainable over the course of your life. A diet that is too restrictive may lead to a binge and restrict cycle, bringing on weight gain and possibly even disordered eating.
Intuitive eating is a non-diet approach to eating that focuses on getting back in touch with internal body cues. With this approach, you are no longer under diet restrictions that make you feel bad about yourself. It also helps you break free from diets and get healthy by improving your relationship with food and exercise. While intuitive eating may aid in weight management, it is not the end goal.
Nutrient dense foods are foods that offer a high amount of nutrients for a small amount of calories. Meanwhile, energy-dense foods have fewer nutrients and more calories for the volume of food.
Vitamins and minerals are also referred to as micronutrients. Not only are they crucial to overall health, but different micronutrients are found in different foods. It is best to consume the majority of necessary micronutrients through food, and eating a wide variety of different foods can help ensure adequate intake.
Protein is a macronutrient found in foods such as meat, fish, eggs, dairy, beans, and other foods in smaller amounts. The protein found in animal-derived foods such as beef, chicken, pork, fish, milk, and eggs is more bioavailable than those derived from plants. A diet adequate in protein is key to weight management, as protein promotes satiety and helps maintain muscle mass.
While there are many different types of diets and eating patterns, it is important to note that weight management is achieved primarily through energy balance, and a balanced diet. A balanced diet includes a range of foods to meet the macro and micronutrient needs according to their lifestyle, preferences, and cultural norms.
As of 2022, the top ranking diet for weight loss according to "U.S. News and World Reports" is the Flexitarian Diet, which promotes weight management via vegetarian forward meals with sometimes having meat.
Diet culture is the pervasive belief that appearance and body shape are more important than physical, psychological, and general well-being. It's the idea that controlling your body, particularly your diet—by limiting what and how much you eat—is normal.
According to the National Eating Disorders Association, diet culture also conflates body size with health, which may stigmatize and/or pathologize larger bodies. Diet culture also refers to the concept that some foods are good and others are inherently bad, rather that encouraging the acceptance of all foods.
Exercise is planned, structured physical activity, that may include flexibility, strength, cardio, plyometric activities, or organized sports. It is important to differentiate between exercise and NEAT (non-exercise activity thermogenesis), which is the energy expended during tasks and daily activities aside from eating, sleeping, and exercise. This would include housework, gardening, and other bodily movements.
If an individual has a weight loss goal, maintaining a caloric deficit will be more beneficial, but exercise does indeed play a role in supporting and building muscle mass and encouraging better lifestyle choices overall.
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National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Insulin resistance and pre-diabetes.
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid).
Zhang X, Zheng Y, Guo Y, Lai Z. The effect of low carbohydrate diet on polycystic ovary syndrome: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Inter J Endocrinol. 2019;2019:1-14. doi:10.1155/2019/4386401
Linardon, J., Tylka, T. L., & Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, M. Intuitive eating and its psychological correlates: A meta-analysis. Inter J Eating Disor. 2021;54(7): 1073–1098. doi:10.1002/eat.23509
Hansen TT, Mead BR, García-Gavilán JF, et al. Is reduction in appetite beneficial for body weight management in the context of overweight and obesity? Yes, according to the SATIN (Satiety Innovation) study. J Nutr Sci. 2019;8:e39. Published 2019 Nov 27. doi:10.1017/jns.2019.36
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Daadi's multigrain Khakhra combines the nutritional benefits of 8 powerful whole grains in a tasty recipe with a traditional twist. Made with 100% natural ingredients – whole wheat, soya, bajra, ragi, jowar, besan, rice and flax seeds, each khakhra is loaded with complex carbohydrates, protein, antioxidents, essential minerals and fibre.
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Now enjoy a tasty snack or meal with Daadi’s Ragi Sesame Khakhra. Daadi's recipe with generous amounts of freshly ground Ragi millet and Sesame seeds helps in weight management and in boosting bone health. Ragi as a plant source of calcium is second to none. This is one tasty khakhra with large amounts of protein, amino acids, iron, minerals and a high fibre content aiding in digestion. Clearly, hard to resist.
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INGREDIENTS: Whole Wheat Flour, Rice Bran Oil, Iodised Salt, Ghee, Dried Pudina Leaves, Urad Dal, Chana Dal, Spices & Condiments.
|No of Pack||Pack of 5|
|Product Availability||In Stock|
|Shelf Life||6 Months| | <urn:uuid:bf942194-e27b-49c2-a39f-1635ad290ec3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.khaaugully.com/product/daadi-s-combo-of-premium-khakhra-multigrain-ragi-sesame-bajra-methi-ghee-chutney-peanut-ghee-chutney-mint--1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570913.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809064307-20220809094307-00066.warc.gz | en | 0.833044 | 679 | 1.609375 | 2 |
Posted: March 25th, 2022
What is a Custom Essay
A custom essay is an essay that is written in order depending on the persons’ specification, which means it’s tailored to your to suit your requirements and ideas which are completely original. Of course, this implies that the essay was written from scratch and passed the plagiarism test.
What is Customized Paper?
This implies a paper written for someone else in the past and closely resembles the paper currently under consideration. The writer takes the time to tweak the paper in different locations to meet the current project’s requirements. It shows there is a slight difference between a custom essay and a customized essay.
Importance of Ordering a Custom Essay
Save Time. Most students are bombarded with assignments from different classes. It becomes practically impossible to keep all the deadlines. Adding issues such as families, emergencies, relationships, it becomes extremely difficult to find a sustainable balance.
Grade Pressure. Sometimes, the student’s course is not relevant to the career that they would consider focusing on. As a result, the course becomes even hard to follow through and complete. This is where essay writing services such as Pro Essay comes to help.
Steps to ORDER A CUSTOM ESSAY
Why our writing service is a good place to order a custom essay from
Experience, expertise, originality, punctuality, and confidentiality. These are the qualities every student looks for in a writing service that will handle their papers. These are the qualities that we take pride in.
In custom essay writing, when we say confidentiality, we mean complete anonymity. Your personal information and all data that you’ll provide will not be accessible to any third parties. After you’ve purchased, you’ll be provided with a secure personal account. You can
Place an order in 3 easy steps. Takes less than 5 mins. | <urn:uuid:078ee442-45ba-4641-9ce6-25fe835c0dee> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://affluentessay.com/blog/custom-essay-vs-customized-essay/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570793.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808092125-20220808122125-00669.warc.gz | en | 0.951823 | 390 | 1.851563 | 2 |
One of the most common requests I get from clients are for snack ideas. People often seem to get into ruts with snack options and crave something new. Snacks are fantastic for keeping you energized throughout the day…look at them as an opportunity to promote focus and concentration, top off your fuel stores before a workout, and as part of your plan for getting your nutrient needs met.
With all the recipes and ideas out there, let’s try simplifying snacking into 2 words: plants and protein. If you can pair a plant with a protein, you can create energizing and satisfying combinations to keep you well fueled. Plants include grains, starches, fruits and vegetables. They provide energy-yielding carbohydrates and fiber for staying satisfied longer. Good sources of protein include dairy products, nuts, seeds, beans and meats. The protein contributes significantly to staying satisfied also. Here’s a list of several of my favorites….plant and protein combinations:
These options are literally a tip of the iceberg! There are tons of combinations you can come up with. And, of course, you can play with the options above to make them more interesting. I love sprinkling my toast and peanut butter with cinnamon. Add avocado to your pita and melted cheese (or substitute the pita with a handful of tortilla chips!). Create your own trail mix. Blend the yogurt with fruit to make it a smoothie on the go. Add a touch of chocolate chips to the kefir and fruit for a fun dessert. Use a whole grain tortilla and wrap the peanut butter and banana slices. Make your own granola and include oats, nuts, and dried fruit.
One final note on snacks….don’t be afraid to eat them. Too often I have clients attempting to avoid their hunger cues between meals in efforts to manage their weight, only to find themselves ravenously hungry and stuffing food in at the next meal. Coffee should not be used as a way to avoid eating. Respond to your hunger cues. Be prepared for them to hit. What combinations will you come up with? | <urn:uuid:90f10acd-ad02-463d-bb33-7098978ab1cb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.planhealthfitness.com/plants-and-a-protein/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00466.warc.gz | en | 0.944533 | 434 | 1.664063 | 2 |
??The most common definition is: 'A commitment to structured skills and knowledge enhancement for Personal or Professional competence' CPD is a common requirement of individual membership with professional bodies and Institutes. The resultant material has a very high tear strength combined with excellent water repellancy and UV protection. ??Earlier the Conservative election candidate has denied coming up with the plot so he could then take the credit when the march was called off.
In NSW, average committed supports for 25 – 64 year olds with primary mental health disabilities was around $33,000 compared to $20,000 in Victoria. We can then agree on the most appropriate action to resolve your problem or arrange your return as quickly as possible. When she spoke to Tim Blanks, she asserted that absolutely no CGI magic was involved in the dress' magical wafting properties, as it was just down to good old fashioned dress making. | <urn:uuid:bf4227b0-fe8e-4465-b6af-8e408770952d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.beauphoto.com/mysqll/YGSy1-194853-yQhL5/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280292.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00341-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.969993 | 178 | 1.859375 | 2 |
Tax Breaks for Hollywood Moguls Are a Sham, USC Studies Say
In 2014, Gov. Jerry Brown signed a bill that would give Hollywood $1.6 billion in tax breaks over a five-year span. This in a relatively rich state that has some of the nation's worst roads, struggling public schools and an embarrassing poverty rate.
Backers of the tax break said it's necessary to keep the film and television industry anchored in the Golden State and, more specifically, in its hometown of Los Angeles. Yet earlier this month, FilmLA, the nonprofit tasked with issuing area film permits, reported a 13 percent drop in TV pilots filmed in the L.A. region — despite the friendly tax deal.
L.A. Mayor Eric Garcetti used the group's findings as an excuse to continue to lobby for additional tax cuts in a strange endorsement of trickle-down economics: "L.A. is still losing too many good jobs, and too much revenue, to other states," he said. "We must continue investing in the future middle class of this city."
But two reports published recently by researchers from the USC argue that the economic benefits for U.S. states that have offered tax incentives for television and film production were "nil or nearly nil." So much for that.
"The incentives are a bad investment," said the studies' lead author, Michael Thom, an assistant professor at the USC Price School of Public Policy. "States pour millions of tax dollars into a program that offers little return."
The studies include "Lights, Camera, but No Action?" published in the journal American Review of Public Administration, and "Fade to Black? Exploring Policy Enactment and Termination Through the Rise and Fall of State Tax Incentives for the Motion Picture Industry" published in the journal American Politics Research.
The first study concludes that tax breaks have little effect on boosting pay or increasing the number of jobs in the industry. States that tried to draw film and TV production from Los Angeles and New York via tax incentives largely failed over the long term, it found.
“After a state has invested tens of millions of dollars, no politician wants to acknowledge that the program is a waste of taxpayer money," Thom said.
We've also argued that Hollywood, where the average job pays $117,000 a year, can actually be a drain on Los Angeles, whose median income is $27,987. The entertainment industry doesn't begin to reflect L.A.'s diversity, often saving its best positions for white, out-of-state recruits. And it surely contributes to our impossible cost of living, high rents and ridiculous real estate prices. Tax incentives only exacerbate Hollywood's disproportionate wealth (and whiteness).
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The second study looked at what happened when some states ended their film and TV tax incentive programs. "Most of the states that terminated their programs had significantly reduced the incentives over time and had seen unemployment decrease," the research concluded.
In other words, as the taxpayer-funded gravy train left town, the job situation actually got better.
"We looked at job growth, wage growth, states’ share of the motion picture industry, and the industry’s output in each state," Thom said. "On average, the only benefits were short-term wage gains, mostly to people who already work in the industry. Job growth was almost nonexistent. Market share and industry output didn’t budge."
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Catch up on the day's news and stay informed with our daily digest of the most popular news, music, food and arts stories in Los Angeles, delivered to your inbox Monday through Friday. | <urn:uuid:44ab92e2-f852-4b08-b71f-e6c6e8682892> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.laweekly.com/news/tax-breaks-for-hollywood-moguls-are-a-sham-usc-studies-say-7280500 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279169.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00212-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.952664 | 867 | 1.96875 | 2 |
SEATTLE--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Today Pacific Wave and Northern Wave announced an agreement that will allow their participants to peer with each other. Northern Wave will now connect Pacific Wave (www.pacificwave.net) in Seattle to the StarLight International/National Communications Exchange Facility (www.startap.net/starlight) in Chicago. This relationship provides new opportunities for international research and education networks and university participants to exchange networking traffic at multi-Gigabit rates between the Pacific Rim, the US, and Europe. In addition, researchers and educators at any connecting institution along the Northern Wave path in Illinois, Wisconsin, Minnesota, North Dakota, Montana, and Washington will have access to participants on the Pacific Wave exchange.
“Connecting Northern Wave and Pacific Wave puts into place a new piece of the cyberinfrastructure necessary for complex interdisciplinary work on the cutting edge of science and technology”
Pacific Wave is state-of-the-art peering exchange facility that, for over 10 years, has connected research, scientific, and education institutions and networks throughout the Pacific Rim and the world, increasing network efficiency and throughput while reducing latency and costs. Pacific Wave is a joint project of the Corporation for Education and Network Initiatives in California (CENIC) and the Pacific Northwest GigaPoP (PNWGP) and is designed to enhance the efficiency of research and education network traffic across the west coast of the US and with partners around the Pacific Rim.
Northern Wave is a similar facility recently funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) via North Dakota State University (NDSU) and PNWGP to provide a new shared 10Gbps optical network connection between Seattle and Chicago for research and education institutions. The grant, part of NSF’s Academic Research Infrastructure program, funded optical equipment to build the network along a fiber path provided by PNWGP and the BOREAS network (a collaboration among the Universities of Iowa, Minnesota, and Wisconsin-Madison, and Iowa State University (www.boreas.net).
“Northern Wave brings a significant new capacity to research and education networks through improved international communication facilities as well as the easy exchange of data for initiating collaborations with other institutions. This is especially important for the establishment of large competitive research centers. It will also provide connectivity to large computational and visualization platforms at remote locations,” says Kalpana Katti, North Dakota State University Distinguished Professor of Civil Engineering and NSF CAREER Award grantee.
“Connecting Northern Wave and Pacific Wave puts into place a new piece of the cyberinfrastructure necessary for complex interdisciplinary work on the cutting edge of science and technology,” said Amy Philipson, Executive Director, PNWGP. “Together with the other advances that Pacific Wave offers its participants, such as 100G networking along the US west coast, dynamic circuits, support for Science DMZ-model research networks, and software-defined networking, we’re delighted help facilitate the arrival of true 21st century networking.”
Northern Wave is supported by the National Science Foundation ARRA ARI Award No. 0963559.
Pacific Wave is supported by the National Science Foundation IRNC Award No. OCI-0962931.
StarLight receives support from the National Science Foundation, IRNC Award No. OCI-0962997 and ARRA ARI Award No. 0963095.
California's education and research communities leverage their networking resources under CENIC, the Corporation for Education Network Initiatives in California, in order to obtain cost-effective, high-bandwidth networking to support their missions and answer the needs of their faculty, staff, and students. CENIC designs, implements, and operates CalREN, the California Research and Education Network, a high-bandwidth, high-capacity Internet network specially designed to meet the unique requirements of these communities, and to which the vast majority of the state's K-20 educational institutions are connected. In order to facilitate collaboration in education and research, CENIC also provides connectivity to non-California institutions and industry research organizations with which CENIC's Associate researchers and educators are engaged. For more information, visit www.cenic.org.
About North Dakota State University (NDSU)
North Dakota State University is a student-focused, land-grant, research university — an economic engine that educates students, conducts primary research, creates new knowledge and advances technology. The university provides affordable access to an excellent education at a top-ranked research institution that combines teaching and research in a rich learning environment, educating future leaders who will create solutions to national and global challenges that will shape a better world. For more information, please visit http://www.ndsu.edu/.
About Pacific Northwest Gigapop (PNWGP)
The Pacific Northwest Gigapop is a nonprofit corporation serving research and education organizations throughout the Pacific Rim. They provide cost-effective, robust, reliable, high-bandwidth, and high-capacity networking to support the missions of these organizations and the needs of researchers, faculty, students, and staff. PNWGP designs, implements, and manages a multi-state high-bandwidth and high-capacity network specifically designed to meet unique requirements of research and education communities. For more information, please visit http://www.pnw-gigapop.net/.
StarLight is the world's most advanced national and international communications exchange facility. StarLight provides advanced networking services and technologies that are optimized for high-performance, large-scale metro, regional, national and global applications. With funding from the National Science Foundation (NSF), StarLight was designed and developed by researchers, for researchers. StarLight is managed by the Electronic Visualization Laboratory (EVL) at the University of Illinois at Chicago, the International Center for Advanced Internet Research (iCAIR) at Northwestern University, the Mathematics and Computer Science Division at Argonne National Laboratory, and Calit2 at University of California, San Diego, in partnership with Canada's CANARIE national networking organization and The Netherlands' SURFnet. (www.startap.net/starlight) | <urn:uuid:4f29b4b0-0e12-4df8-9734-feb2f389303e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.enhancedonlinenews.com/portal/site/eon/permalink/?ndmViewId=news_view&newsId=20121113006732&newsLang=en&permalinkExtra= | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284405.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00043-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.913817 | 1,262 | 1.835938 | 2 |
The United States Senate will be voting this week on a bill that would label the entire country as a “battlefield,” allowing law enforcement duties to be handled by the military, giving them authority to detain any US citizen as a war criminal even coming into their own homes to perform arrests.
The latest provision, S. 1867, being considered for addition to The National Defense Authorization Act should be a wake up call to every American as our government continues to increasingly trample on our constitutional freedoms. If S. 1867 passes, lawmakers would have the legal right to keep even regular citizens detained indefinitely by their own military.
Sen. Lindsey Graham (R-S.C.), a supporter of the bill, has explicitly stated that the passing of S. 1867 would “basically say in law for the first time that the homeland is part of the battlefield”.
“The Senate is going to vote on whether Congress will give this president, and every future president, the power to order the military to pick up and imprison without charge or trial civilians anywhere in the world,” said Chris Anders of the American Civil Liberties Union’s Washington office. “The power is so broad that even US citizens could be swept up by the military and the military could be used far from any battlefield, even within the United States itself.”
“American citizens and people picked up on American or Canadian or British streets being sent to military prisons indefinitely without even being charged with a crime. Really? Does anyone think this is a good idea? And why now?” asked Anders.
The Obama administration has threatened to veto the bill, but given their record of caving in to GOP pressure the President’s stance on the issue is hardly comforting.
Sen. Mark Udall (D-Colo.) has been an outspoken opponent of the legislation, but needs the backing of others if he wants to keep Congress from enacting the provision.
“One section of these provisions, section 1031, would be interpreted as allowing the military to capture and indefinitely detain American citizens on US soil,” the Senator said in a speech last month. “Section 1031 essentially repeals the Posse Comitatus Act of 1878 by authorizing the US military to perform law enforcement functions on American soil. That alone should alarm my colleagues on both sides of the aisle, but there are other problems with these provisions that must be resolved.”
The provision actually already passed in the House back in May, and only now is going before the Senator Justin Amash, a Republican representative from Cascade Township, was one of the five House Republicans that voted against it.
“It is destructive of our Constitution,” he writes on his Facebook page. It would“permit the federal government to indefinitely detain American citizens on American soil, without charge or trial, at the discretion of the president…The president should not have the authority to determine whether the Constitution applies to you, no matter what the allegations..Note that it does not preclude US citizens from being detained indefinitely, without charge or trial, it simply makes such detention discretionary.”
Amash added “Please urge your Senators to oppose these outrageous provisions.”
As a solution, Sen. Udall has offered a counter act, being dubbed the Udall Amendment, that would keep S. 1867 from its critical consequences and would instead require lawmakers to examine the necessity of detaining citizens domestically, and instead would make Congress consider whether any detention legislation is needed at all.
Here’s a suggestion. How about we stop trampling on the rights given to every American citizen that make this country so great, we can call it the Stop Trampling on the Right Given to Every American Citizen That Make This Country so Great Act. Has a nice ring to it. | <urn:uuid:423c6020-65a3-4966-b8d6-e59ebdcc805d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://devoutinfidel.wordpress.com/tag/sen-lindsey-graham/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281424.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00331-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.955854 | 787 | 1.953125 | 2 |
Are you expecting a baby? Many parents spend what should be a joyful time worrying about how they’re going to pay for all the baby essentials in time for the little one’s arrival. That anxiety is even greater during our current economic upheaval. On top of that, more parents are becoming concerned about the environment and want to try to keep their baby essentials as green as possible. Here are six ways of getting your baby essentials while saving money and being environmentally friendly.
1) Assess what you already have. The first step is to assess what you’ll really need once your baby arrives. If this isn’t your first child, you probably have a lot of things left over from a previous baby that you could use. Re-use is one of the cornerstones of green living.
2) Figure out what you really need. If this is your first child, you should be aware that a lot of the baby gear marketed as essential is not truly needed, and is even designed to keep you away from your baby. For example, it is not really necessary to create and furnish a nursery. Babies and toddlers couldn’t care less if they have fancy bedding with matching decor.
All your baby or toddler really wants is your time and presence, food and warm clothing. Your baby will likely be happiest if he or she sleeps near you. A bassinet like this Arm’s Reach Mini Co-Sleeper Bassinet from BabyEarth does just that–it easily slips right next to your bed so baby can sleep next to you, with easy reach to your infant or to the gear you stash away in the bottom compartment. Bassinets are usually far less expensive than cribs too.
Overall, remember that the less so-called baby essentials you buy, the more you stick only with what you truly need, the better for the environment (and your wallet.)
3) Be Creative with toys. Babies can play with ordinary household items under your supervision and will often like them just as much as the fanciest toys from a store. Wooden spoons, plastic (BPA free!) food containers, items from nature and other easily obtainable items from your home will stimulate your baby’s creativity and cost nothing because you already own them. You can create a “toy box” full of safe, everyday items you find around your home that your baby could play with. When you do buy toys you should focus on solid, high quality, well-made items that will last for multiple children.
4) Look for multi-tasking gear. Buy baby gear items that serve multiple purposes, and eliminate the wastefulness of having multiple items for related purposes. A baby sling is one example of this, such as the stylishly comfortable Hotslings Hemp Organic Baby Sling Carrier made with undyed, unbleached hemp and organic cotton. A sling like this is highly portable and can be used to feed a baby discreetly in public, comfort them when they’re upset, and gently put them to sleep. It can even stand in for a stroller if necessary. A baby craves direct contact with her parent, and will thrive developmentally and cry less if she is “worn” close to your body.
5) Get used stuff. Buying used toys and other baby gear is an excellent option to help you save money while recycling things not wanted by other people. High quality clothing, cloth diapers, books, toys, furniture and much more are available at yard sales, thrift stores, consignment shops, Ebay, Craigslist and Freecycle. Just please be careful not to purchase items that have been recalled. (Click here for toy recalls, click here for other baby product recalls.)
6) Ask! If your friends or relatives throw you a baby shower, don’t let them waste money buying things you don’t really want and that you’ll later have to return, recycle or throw out. Tell people what you really need, and don’t be afraid to ask for practical gifts you’ll actually use frequently. In addition to the usual clothes, what about asking for a baby food grinder you’ll use to make your own nutritious, money-saving food once your baby is eating solids? If all else fails, ask for a gift card and buy what you need yourself.
Going green through “reduce, reuse, recycle” goes hand in hand with your baby essentials and saving money. Saving money while getting what you need for your baby in an environmentally friendly way just involves a bit of forethought, creativity, and objective assessment of true needs versus wants. | <urn:uuid:ab3f4416-4e34-4918-894a-ba4393823e22> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://ecovillagegreen.com/715/six-green-money-saving-tips-for-getting-your-baby-essentials/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281069.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00269-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.952832 | 961 | 1.8125 | 2 |
Nobody ever said the cattle business was going to be easy, but who knew even 20 years ago how complicated it would be to raise a calf and get it sent off to market. In fact, these days the word “market” means far more than a call from an order buyer or trip to the action barn.
And at every juncture, the beef industry is facing mounting and intense competition. Not long ago, the industry's only concerns seemed to be white meat and white-gloved environmentalists. Today, duking it out for market share with chicken seems like a snap.
Additionally, horizontal and vertical integration in food service and retail foods has everyone wondering where their food comes from. And don't be fooled into thinking there's no more room for mergers and acquisitions. Just watch.
The constant thought in the food chain, led by nearly every other consumer good, is globalization. Thinking back, the 1989 Canada/U.S Free Trade Agreement and the ensuing North American Free Trade Agreement were a cakewalk compared to the complexity of the new millennium trade picture.
In the shadow of the World Trade Organization, bi- and multi-lateral trade agreements have, interestingly, been the vehicles of “free trade.” And because the definition of free trade is so nebulous, and because ag often takes a back seat to other industries and issues in trade negotiations, we often feel like the fifth wheel.
No wonder many U.S. cattle producers feel abandoned by their government when it comes to trade issues.
Where the cattle are
The place to start assessing global competition in the beef industry is to look at where the cattle are raised (see Figure 1). India has the world's largest cattle herd by far. But cows are considered sacred by Hindu religion because of their milk.
Brazil, with the largest commercial cattle herd, is where cows are respected for the meat — and wealth — they provide. Estimated today at 180-190 million head, Brazil's cattle herd has grown by 5 million head/year the past decade. However, there are signs this growth is slowing due to competition for the better ag land in Brazil's southern regions.
Interestingly, China's cattle herd is third in size globally. Prior to 1980, only culled draft animals were harvested for beef. Today, in a country with millions of small farmers, families typically sell one or two calves each year to local abattoirs for slaughter. Thus, it's unlikely China will be a world player in beef trade.
And, there's a great deal of speculation — and not much agreement — as to China's future as an importer. The U.S. Meat Export Federation (USMEF) simply says the Greater China region, comprised of Hong Kong, Macau China and Mongolia, holds growth potential for U.S. beef and beef products.
The U.S., with the world's fourth-largest cattle herd, ranks first in beef production. Incredibly, the U.S. with nearly half as many cattle, produces more beef than Brazil.
Few other countries can boast the rate of production on a per-cow basis as the U.S. The combination of genetics, nutrition and animal health work well with our grazing and feeding infrastructure to make U.S. producers the envy of the beef world.
Consumption and imports
Not surprisingly, the U.S. is also the largest beef-consuming nation. Even with its production capacity, the U.S. — much to the consternation of many producers — is the world's largest beef importer. U.S. processing companies buy about 31% of all beef entering international trade.
But, what are the drivers of U.S. beef imports?
With the highest wholesale beef prices of any major trading country, the U.S. is a virtual economic sponge for global beef supplies (Figure 2). Last spring, when U.S. fed beef prices were hovering around $90/cwt., slaughter cattle in Uruguay fetched $42/cwt. Even given transportation costs, and in-quota and out of-quota import tariffs paid to the U.S. Treasury ($100 million in 2005), this price differential makes Uruguayan beef a great buy for U.S. importers.
Related to the economic driver is the insatiable U.S. appetite for ground beef. A recent national eating trends study shows ground beef makes up 59% of all fresh-beef eatings in the U.S., and shows no sign of slowing. Therefore, about half of all beef imports are lean (90% lean) beef trimmings used to blend with higher-fat domestic trimmings to produce typical 75%-85% lean ground beef for retail and food service (see “Making the case for trimmings,” p. 42, November 2006, BEEF).
The trend toward fewer dairy animals nationally (thus, fewer “lean” cull cows), a smaller domestic cow herd and high-fat trimmings from fed animals create a shortfall in domestic lean trimmings. Adding to the lean-trimmings shortfall is higher-value uses for chuck, plate, flank and other lean cuts that historically went to grinding.
U.S. vs. the world
U.S. beef production systems vary a great deal geographically as ranchers and farmers have adapted to varying environmental conditions. But overall, the U.S. has a highly differentiated beef-production system compared to most other beef-producing nations.
This difference can be summed up in one word — corn. The colossal feed-grain resources of the Corn Belt shape the large majority of domestic beef-production systems. From the genome on, producers put this unique advantage to work in creating beef products that virtually no one else in the world can enjoy — unless they trade for them.
Even in Canada, most grain-finishing systems center on barley. But, “barley-fed” beef just doesn't have the same ring to it, inside and outside the feedlot sector, as “corn-fed” beef.
Other cattle countries, mainly those in South America, Australia and New Zealand (Oceania), are relegated to growing and finishing beef cattle primarily on forages. They simply don't have the vast climatic resources and infrastructure to support a massive corn industry. Nor do they have the economic foundations that make raising corn for feed as feasible or practical.
It makes sense in developing countries, as well as developed countries where corn resources are lacking, that food crops for human use are grown on the best land first. While people will get the corn first, any leftover grain goes most likely to the best “converters” next — poultry and pigs, in that order.
If there's still corn available, and its feed value exceeds its cash value, it can be used for “finishing” beef cattle. Few countries have the literal luxury of being able to turn corn protein into beef protein on a scale large enough to define an industry.
A virtual tour of most other beef-producing nations often includes Oceania, Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay — all beef systems based mainly on grass finishing.
In Australia, the beef cattle industry can be defined by three major factors:
Relatively strong cattle prices, but hampered by persistent drought.
Export demand boosted by the absence of competitors.
Strong growth in the feedlot sector.
One can argue Australia's beef system is a hybrid of grass and grain. The cattle-feeding sector, which has grown threefold since 1996 to a capacity of 1 million head, is tied to increased export demand — particularly Japan and Korea. Nearly half of all Aussie feedlot cattle are finished for export.
In Australia, feed grains are mainly grain sorghum, wheat and barley. The mix underscores the fact that Australia is a very arid country, where persistent drought is a way of life. To some degree, lack of water might be the leading factor in restricting growth of many major industries nationwide.
While water is a limiting factor for long-term growth in Australia's cattle industry, U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization statistics indicate grazing land is limited and under pressure throughout Oceania. The good pastureland is being converted to cropland, leaving increasingly poorer land for grazing and farming.
Moving across the globe to Brazil, 180-200 million acres of land could be developed for grazing systems. But much of this vast resource lies in remote sub-tropical scrub and brush land in need of clearing, seeding to adapted forages, watering and fencing.
And, as Brazil's comparative global advantage lies in low-cost, grass-fed beef production, expansion into the frontier regions means more distance from terminal markets and packing/processing facilities. It also means infrastructure must follow.
Of course, the limiting competitive factor throughout South America is foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). Uruguay (12 million head) is the continent's only major beef-producing nation with FMD-free (with vaccination) status.
Brazil and Argentina (55 million head) have had recurring FMD outbreaks and are shut out of North American, and most Asian, fresh-beef markets. Until FMD is controlled continent-wide, most observers believe Brazil and Argentina will struggle to overcome the threat.
Brazil's beef industry will also struggle to overcome the challenges of a harsh tropical environment. Reliance on heat-tolerant Zebu breeds (mainly Nelore) will cause a productivity differential compared to English breeds raised in temperate climates. Most of Brazil's cows breed as two-year olds (vs. yearlings) with average calving rates below North American standards.
Brazil also takes a competitive hit in dressing percent of slaughter cattle (53% vs. 63% U.S.) and age of slaughter (30-40 months vs. 18-24 months). This is why the U.S. produces more beef with far fewer cows than Brazil.
In Uruguay, beef exports from its English-based breeds are the name of the game. A majority (80%) of Uruguay's beef production is exported — with 78% of it going to North America. Like Brazil and Argentina, anabolics and growth hormones — and animal protein in feed — are banned.
And, like Brazil and Argentina, Uruguay doesn't have a significant, grain-based cattle-feeding industry. In these countries, where cost of production is a comparative advantage, the added costs associated with concentrated feeding quickly erode this advantage.
Common to all the countries discussed is a working, or work-in-progress, national cattle ID and traceability system.
Australia is a world leader in cattle ID with its National Livestock Identification Scheme. Australia exports about 70% of livestock production and, while not all Aussie producers like the system, most agree whole-of-life traceability systems for livestock are necessary to maintain a competitive advantage in growing export markets.
In October 2005, Brazil's traceability system helped contain a FMD outbreak to a few local regions in three states. Uruguay boasts its traceability system is tied to a national brand image that helps global consumers identify Uruguay as a “clean” and environmentally “green” source of beef products.
Last spring at the World Meat Congress in Brisbane, Australia, Marcos Fava Neves, University of São Paulo (Brazil) professor of food marketing strategy, summed up cattle ID in two short sentences:
“Traceability is the non-negotiable foundation of trust,” he said. “Without traceability, how can you be held accountable for what you produce? How else can you be rewarded for what you produce?”
Clint Peck is a director of Montana Beef Quality Assurance and a former Senior Editor of BEEF magazine.
To maintain a comparative/competitive advantage and address the challenges ahead, it's suggested U.S. beef producers consider:
- Become Beef Quality Assurance (BQA) certified
Participation in the BQA is totally voluntary — and isn't a “government” program. BQA links beef producers with livestock production specialists, veterinarians, nutritionists, marketers, animal-health companies and food purveyors interested in maintaining and improving the quality of cattle and beef produced in the U.S.
- Carefully monitor input and output
This means keeping better records and spending time developing cost-benefit analyses for every production enterprise. As part of BQA, verification of some production practices through auditable records will soon become a necessity.
- Evaluate your genetic package
Certain supply chains are already mandating adherence to specific genetic systems. Attention to beef-cattle genetics selection and management will become even more critical as “program” beef production replaces commodity beef production.
- Maintain a sound herd-health program
“Management over medicine” will become more critical as livestock use of pharmaceuticals comes under more scrutiny. U.S. beef producers must work with their veterinarians to learn more about disease management and reducing treatment for disease. Biosecurity programs, including judicious vaccination, must become a way of life on U.S. cattle operations.
- Evaluate your pre-weaning/weaning protocol
Likely the easiest way to manage weather-related variables, as well as address marketing opportunities, traditional weaning programs should be carefully and continually evaluated.
- Establish source/age verification
This doesn't have to be high-tech or costly. Work with your local sale barn or order buyer, or join a program or alliance to learn more. But don't expect market “premiums” to last forever — this niche will become the norm.
- Continually seek better market opportunities
Think “supply chain” management. Don't think you're simply a rancher who turns grass into feeder cattle — manage for the end-product and continually demand recognition and reward for your efforts.
As U.S. beef producers address the growing global competition, they face some good news-bad news scenarios, along with some “warning” signals.
The good news includes:
- Globally unique, grain-fed beef production
U.S. beef producers are boosting their attention to establishing and exceeding benchmarks for production of safe and wholesome beef that increasingly satisfies consumer expectations for eating characteristics.
- The world's leading infrastructure
No nation can match the U.S. private/public sector investment into programs and facilities that provide a foundation for beef production systems. U.S. producers are the envy of the world in transportation, storage and transfer, government production support and, historically, energy prices.
- Per-cow productivity
Related to infrastructure, U.S. producers, along with their Canadian counterparts, yield more beef per cow than producers virtually anywhere else in the world.
The bad news includes:
- Lack of organized traceability
The U.S., especially now that the federal government has reaffirmed a voluntary system, is the only major beef-exporting nation without organized traceability for disease management. That said, private market-driven ID systems are evolving, allowing producers to participate in domestic and global supply chains.
- Competition for land and water
Nearly every U.S. beef producer is troubled by increasing land prices and lack of water. U.S. producers aren't alone in this dilemma, though; competition for the better land by higher-return industrial, recreational and urban use is ringing a global ag alarm.
- A global outlook
For decades, the U.S. beef industry has been focused on the huge domestic market potential, fighting for market share against the poultry industry. USMEF has been the Lone Ranger in beef-export development — with little attention and relatively little assistance from beef producers and processors.
For U.S. producers, there are a couple of glaring warning signals:
- Increasing cost of production in the face of declining prices
Energy prices and prices for energy-related inputs lead the list. Machinery, parts and repair follow. U.S. producers must find ways to cut costs of purchasing and operating “rolling stock” on their operations — easier said than done.
- Uniformity and consistency of product
The 2005 National Beef Quality Audit identifies product consistency as a continuing concern. Consumers simply want every steak to eat the same every time, a huge challenge for producers and processors alike. | <urn:uuid:94a0ef1c-1349-45a8-8816-bf095e63ab62> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.beefmagazine.com/print/mag/beef_global_competition | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279410.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00166-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.943285 | 3,390 | 2.53125 | 3 |
This chapter analyses different kinds of mobilisations, from open protest emerging in situations of conflict to less visible and more diffused forms of mobilisation or experimentation, using the tools of economic anthropology. Occupied factories, protests against mortgage foreclosures, the Slow Food movement and other cases of food activism: these phenomena, distant from one another both geographically and in terms of their immediate goals, express disagreement with the dominant system or one of its parts, attempting to resist, oppose or modify that system. The spaces of experimentation created by these forms of resistance or alternative economics are able to produce new social, political and economic imaginations, and new social configurations. Analysing forms of mobilisation, their scales of action and the networks they create, is an excellent way to interpret contemporary economic and political reconfigurations.
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Get access to the full article by using one of the access options below. | <urn:uuid:8bb900ba-1026-47d5-8bd5-5bf5dd7f1e61> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.elgaronline.com/view/edcoll/9781788116091/9781788116091.00012.xml | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573029.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817153027-20220817183027-00264.warc.gz | en | 0.919316 | 197 | 2.359375 | 2 |
Observed Social Problem Solving and Friendship Quality in Children with a Traumatic Brain Injury
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Children who have experienced a traumatic brain injury (TBI) are at risk for a variety of maladaptive cognitive, behavioral and social outcomes (Yeates et al., 2007). Research involving the social problem solving (SPS) abilities of children with TBI indicates a preference for lower level strategies when compared to children who have experienced an orthopedic injury (OI; Hanten et al., 2008, 2011). Research on SPS in non-injured populations has highlighted the significance of the identity of the social partner (Rubin et al., 2006). Within the pediatric TBI literature few studies have utilized friends as the social partner in SPS contexts, and fewer have used in-vivo SPS assessments. The current study aimed to build on existing research of SPS in children with TBI by utilizing an observational coding scheme to capture in-vivo problem solving behaviors between children with TBI and a best friend. The current study included children with TBI (n = 41), children with OI (n = 43), and a non-injured typically developing group (n = 41). All participants were observed completing a task with a friend and completed a measure of friendship quality. SPS was assessed using an observational coding scheme that captured SPS goals, strategies, and outcomes. It was expected children with TBI would produce fewer successes, fewer direct strategies, and more avoidant strategies. ANOVAs tested for group differences in SPS successes, direct strategies and avoidant strategies. Analyses were run to see if positive or negative friendship quality moderated the relation between group type and SPS behaviors. Group differences were found between the TBI and non-injured group in the SPS direct strategy of commands. No group differences were found for other SPS outcome variables of interest. Moderation analyses partially supported study hypotheses regarding the effect of friendship quality as a moderator variable. Additional analyses examined SPS goal-strategy sequencing and grouped SPS goals into high cost and low cost categories. Results showed a trend supporting the hypothesis that children with TBI had fewer SPS successes, especially with high cost goals, compared to the other two groups. Findings were discussed highlighting the moderation results involving children with severe TBI. | <urn:uuid:4fb3d655-0a64-4ab2-acb5-4f95363a057d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://drum.lib.umd.edu/handle/1903/18545 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280221.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00227-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.936579 | 476 | 2.3125 | 2 |
During the early 1920s, the Bronfmans, operating mainly in Canada's prairie provinces, sold whiskey to "export houses" whose agents, in turn, smuggled it into U.S. border states.
The repeal of Prohibition in the U.S. in 1933 presented Seagram with a unique marketing opportunity, for unlike most of its American competitors, Seagram had large supplies of aged whiskeys on hand. In 1933, the marketer expanded into the U.S. with the purchase of Rossville Union Distilleries in Indiana and, shortly thereafter, Maryland-based Calvert Distilling Co. To operate the facilities and to market Canadian whiskey in the U.S., the company formed an American subsidiary, Joseph E. Seagram & Sons.
Boosting whiskey's image
The American sales network's initial marketing strategy stressed the superiority of longer-aged, blended Canadian whiskeys over "straights" and American bourbons. Seagram also campaigned to overhaul whiskey's low-brow image to one embodying cosmopolitanism, craftsmanship, aristocratic elegance and social responsibility.
In 1934, the company introduced in the U.S. its Five Crown and Seven Crown brands, which soon afterward became sales leaders in their categories. Notable ad campaigns during the 1930s and '40s included "Say Seagram's and Be Sure"; the "Man of Distinction" series, consisting of endorsements from movie stars, sports heroes and European royalty; and V.O.'s "Exclusively Canadian" series, which featured vignettes from Canada, such as ice hockey
Also in 1934, Seagram launched its "Moderation" ad campaign via the Blackman Agency, which won the account that same year. Combining the themes of gracious living and responsible drinking, Blackman's ads sought to alleviate lingering public concerns over the increased accessibility of alcohol. Ads warned against drinking and driving, buying liquor instead of necessities and appearing drunk before one's children.
Fearing public disapproval, Seagram and other liquor marketers opposed sales appeals directed to women and, until 1958, the U.S. Distilled Spirits Institute's code of ethics banned the appearance of women in liquor ads.
By the early 1950s, Seagram had consolidated its position as North America's leading liquor marketer. The company's annual sales, 90% of which were outside Canada, reached $700 million, easily eclipsing the $425 million of its chief rival, Schenley Corp.
Seagram began to expand into other beverage markets and, in 1942, it bought Paul Masson vineyards and two years later created Captain Morgan Rum Co. In 1949, Seagram acquired Scotch whisky marketer Chivas Brothers and three years later bought champagne producers G.H. Mumm and Perrier-Jouet. In 1954, it added wine marketer Barton & Guestier to its growing list of acquisitions. By then, Seagram's spirits and wine operations encompassed Europe, Central and South America and the West Indies in addition to North America.
However, in the 1950s and '60s, some consumer trends proved disadvantageous to Seagram, the most notable of which were the shift from blended to straight whiskeys and the growing popularity of vodka. In 1946, the consumption of blended whiskey in the U.S. stood at 160 million gallons, compared to some 20 million gallons for straight whiskeys. By 1957, however, sales of each were roughly equal at 70 million gallons each.
In addition, Mr. Bronfman disparaged straight whiskeys and vodkas, which left Seagram poorly positioned to capitalize on those growing markets. In 1956, Seagram bought Wolfschmidt vodka but gave it minimal promotion, thus allowing Smirnoff to capture the bulk of that market. Similarly, when light Scotch whiskies such as Cutty Sark and J&B gained in popularity, Seagram, with dark, heavy-bodied brands such as Chivas Regal, again found itself poorly positioned.
Seagram's U.S. advertising in the 1960s was handled by Doyle Dane Bernbach, which convinced Mr. Bronfman to add irony and humor to Seagram's ad pitches, notably for Chivas Regal and Calvert Extra.
Because Mr. Bronfman distrusted most marketing experts, the company did little market research until the early 1960s, when his son, Edgar, became president-CEO of Seagram's American operation.
In the 1980s and '90s, Seagram diversified beyond the spirits and wine sectors. In 1980, it bought 20% of E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., becoming its largest shareholder. In 1993, it spent $2.8 billion to acquire 15% of Time Warner. Two years later, Seagram sold its Du Pont interest to finance the $5.7 billion takeover of MCA Corp., the parent of Universal Pictures, later renamed Universal Studios. Seagram capped its strategy of acquisitions in 1998 with the $10.4 billion purchase of music giant Polygram. Soon after, Seagram combined the music businesses of Polygram and Universal to form Universal Music Group, the world's largest music company.
In June 2000, Vivendi and Canal Plus entered into a merger agreement with Seagram. The new company, called Vivendi Universal, was interested only in Seagram's media holdings, however, and sold off the alcohol side of the business in December 2001 to Diageo and Pernod Ricard. With the sale, Seagram ceased to exist as a unique entity. | <urn:uuid:23b19ee6-dbc6-4d19-9ff7-bc7511ebde62> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://adage.com/article/adage-encyclopedia/seagram/98872/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280900.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00000-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.955515 | 1,129 | 2.4375 | 2 |
About Canton herald and Mississippi intelligencer. (Canton, Miss.) 18??-1837
Canton, Miss. (18??-1837)
- Canton herald and Mississippi intelligencer. : (Canton, Miss.) 18??-1837
- Place of publication:
- Canton, Miss.
- Geographic coverage:
- J.H. Rollins and T.C. Tupper
- Dates of publication:
- Ceased in 1837.
- Canton (Miss.)--Newspapers.
- Also issued on microfilm from UMI.
- Archived issues are available in digital format from the Library of Congress Chronicling America online collection.
- Description based on: Vol. 2, no. 1 (Apr. 21, 1837).
- sn 86074098
- Succeeding Titles:
- Related Links:
- View complete holdings information
- First Issue Last Issue
Canton Herald and Mississippi Intelligencer, Canton Herald, Madison Whig Advocate, The Mississippi Creole, American Citizen, The Tri-Weekly Citizen and American Citizen
Cotton was the primary crop in Madison County, one of the richest farming sections of antebellum Mississippi. An important railroad center, Canton, the county seat, was the northern terminus of the New Orleans, Jackson, and Great Northern, and the southern terminus for the Mississippi Central lines. When fighting came during the Civil War, the railroads were the target. In 1874 the two lines were bought and reorganized by the Illinois Central. By the end of the 19th century, diversification added fruits and vegetables, shipped by rail to northern markets, as profitable agricultural products.
Canton's long-running American Citizen (1851-63, 1864-90) had several preceding four-page, weekly titles that supported the Whig Party: Canton Herald and Mississippi Intelligencer (1836?-37); Canton Herald (1837-39); Madison Whig Advocate, also known as the Madison County Whig Advocate (1839-41); and the Mississippi Creole (1841-51). During the Civil War, the Tri-weekly Citizen (1863-64) was just two pages long. Shortly after the war, the American Citizen paper appeared on a semiweekly basis (1865-66) before returning to its pre-war format and frequency of four pages published weekly.
Although clearly Southern in sentiment, the political affiliation of the papers was not always proclaimed. John F. Bosworth, who joined Creole editor John N. Montgomery in 1851, was a member of the short-lived, moderate Constitutional Union Party after the Whig Party's demise. The paper's motto in the early 1870s, "Bound by no Party's arbitrary sway, We follow Truth wher'er she leads the way," did not tie the American Citizen to any party doctrine. After Bosworth's death in 1873, other family members ran the enterprise, often with partners, most notably Bosworth's wife, Augusta. As a strong business manager, she successfully solicited advertisers from as far away as New Orleans and Memphis. Affiliation was hinted at briefly, from July 1874 through 1875, when the Republican Publishing Company published the paper. In its June 24, 1876 issue, the competing Democratic Canton Mail (1865?-82) pointedly noted that "the American Citizen styles itself a home democratic paper. It was only a few short months ago that it rejoiced in styling itself a Republican paper."
Available issues of the American Citizen's run give a rare look at almost continuous coverage of Mississippi history from 1837 until 1881. Discussion of the 1830s-40s banking crisis and events leading to secession in the 1850s was found in early titles. As one would expect, the Civil War was the most significant event covered by the Citizen. Throughout the war years, the paper included steady pleas for shoes, socks, pants, and blankets for Confederate soldiers, and food, bandages, and medicine for the hospital based in Canton. Entertainments for the troops, such as concerts, tableaus, and charades, were reported. Useful tips for dealing with shortages included how to make tallow candles and black dye using walnut leaves. When the newspaper's editors explained reductions in the size, quality and number of pages of their publication, they frequently mentioned the shortage and high price of paper. Most battle reports focused on Mississippi, including the September 19, 1863 issue that explained the two-month suspension of the Citizen and described the Union occupation of Canton and destruction of the railroads by Union troops. The Citizen estimated "the entire loss of railroad property . . . at $2,000,000."
After the Civil War, the American Citizen printed the typical late 19th-century mix of national news, general interest stories, fiction, and local concerns. Discussion of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth and the Fifteenth Amendments reflected conservative southern attitudes, as did the Mississippi constitutional convention in 1868 and the possibility of reviving the national Ku Klux law in 1872. Unlike other Mississippi newspapers, however, the Citizen supported Republican Governor Adelbert Ames (1874-76) and Republican candidates in national elections. Closer to home, the Citizen reported on the railroads in Mississippi throughout the 1870s and on the 1878 yellow fever epidemic.
Provided by: Mississippi Department of Archives and History | <urn:uuid:271f1ede-7491-43f2-81bd-62348afcf92a> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn86074098/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718296.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00538-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.933102 | 1,122 | 1.859375 | 2 |
I just spent time with a newer friend–I’m finding out so much about her that I hadn’t known before.
She’s a giver.
She helps so many charities– homeless shelters, foster children and more.
It’s funny, I just gave a little of my time with a warm heart. She wanted to start writing a blog, that was something I could contribute. Someone, about 4 years ago, did that for me so I wanted to pay it forward to someone who really wants to write and share some of the amazing things she’s up to. http://saralevymusic.wordpress.com
Maybe I’ve never been a big giver in that regard because I never thought I had enough to give.
When you grow up in a home where everyday there is just enough to get by, a pattern just takes place in the center of you and you just keep living it on into your life.
It took me some years to learn that money and giving are not synonymous–there are many ways in which to give.
Yes, I’m still “just getting by” in the financial sense but that doesn’t have to affect what I can give of myself and my abilities.
Today I gave my time and my little bit of knowledge about what it takes to get started writing a blog. She was an eager participant and it was such a thrill to see her so happy about such a simple thing. Giving Feels Good!
What a lesson I learned today–some people are just so amazing with what they give and when you give you feel almost more fulfilled than the person receiving!
The other day, I parked in Santa Monica and was getting out of my car to go grab an espresso. A homeless woman came up and asked me for money. I said, “I don’t have any money but do you need something else–I’ve got a trunk full of things.”
She looked at my glamorously full trunk and said, “oh, can I have that backpack?
“Absolutely”, I replied– I removed the things I had inside the bag and gave it to her. She was thrilled, her eyes lit up and she was really happy. I was even more happy that I could create that thrill within her being.
It feels good to GIVE!
Group prayer for Sunday:
May all who hunger be fed,
and some be fed by me.
May all who suffer be healed,
and some be healed by me.
May all who fear feel loved,
and some feel loved by me.
Heal my life that I might be
a channel of deliverance
in the lives of others.
And so it is.
Amen Marriane Williamson | <urn:uuid:197c8116-e7ed-46bb-850b-66975afe823f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://naturegirltara.wordpress.com/2013/04/04/giving-feels-good/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.980409 | 592 | 1.5 | 2 |
I just got back from my mountain flying trip; 5 days to Colorado and back. Lots to say about the trip. One thing I learned first hand was how different it is flying a plane on a 100° day at 9000 feet. It's a little alarming when the plane keeps lumbering down the runway and never wants to take off. Heck, at Telluride we took advantage of the fact the airport is up on a plateau; as soon as you clear the fence you can drop down 1000' into the canyon.
The key idea is density altitude, a measure of air thickness. Little piston airplanes don't fly well in thin air. We need air molecules under the wings to generate lift, oxygen to burn fuel, and airflow to cool the engine. For takeoffs and landings the thicker the air the better: a Cessna 182 needs only 645' of runway to get airborne at sea level but at the highest airport in the US it needs 1430'. Field elevation is the most important thing driving density altitude, but pressure, temperature, and humidity also matter.
At sea level when it's 15°C and 29.92inHg density altitude is roughly 0'. On a warm 30°C day it goes to 1800'. When we took off yesterday from the lowest airport in the US it was so damn hot in Death Valley that it was like being at 2600', despite the airport being at -200'. 10°C is roughly 1000' in density altitude. Hot mountain summers require careful attention to plane performance.
The nice thing about flying is you can go directly between airports; no following roads. But pilots often choose a more complex route to avoid mountains and in instrument conditions pilots have to follow specific airways. There's no signs in the sky, how do we navigate?
Pilotage and dead reckoning are the most elemental navigation. Pilotage just means "looking down", trying to figure out where you are by matching what you see on the ground to what's on your chart. It's remarkably difficult, particularly high up, but following roads and recognizing unusual landmarks works OK. Dead reckoning is the art of guessing where you are by what direction you've been going. It's pretty unreliable, particularly because of winds aloft, but it can give you some idea where you are.
Beacons are the historical source of airplane navigation. A VOR radio beacon tells you the bearing to a known station on your chart; cross-checking two VORs (or using DME) gives you location to a pretty precise point. Earlier beacons include NDBs, four course ranges, and beacon lights (map, current operation in Montana). The drawback to beacon navigation is you only learn your position relative to some fixed, expensive-to-maintain equipment. Also it's generally only easy to fly directly to or from a beacon, hard to fly any path.
Area navigation is the simplest way to know where you are, X marks the spot. Everyone knows GPS, it makes airplane navigation very simple. Predecessors to GPS include LORAN (RIP) and good ol' sextants, used until the 1970s. An interesting alternative is inertial navigation, in active use today in commercial aircraft and quite accurate as long as you can occasionally correct the accumulated errors with some other reference.
I pretty much always navigate via GPS: plug in the course and fly the purple line. But GPS can and does fail, so it's important to stay current with other forms of navigation. Pilotage is fun and keeps you busy long boring flights. VORs are still an important part of IFR flying. But honestly, GPS is so great it's hard to use anything else.
I have the arrogance of having worked at Google; I thought I knew all there was about Internet technology leadership. But I've overlooked Facebook; they're doing some very impressive tech. And Facebook's openness gives them some mindshare over Google.
Pingdom just posted a roundup of Facebook technologies that's worth reading. Load balancers, distributed datastores, scaleable logging, etc: a lot of good systems technology. Many of their systems tools are available open source; a lot of startups I talk to are using various parts of Facebook's tech. Google has plenty of open source too but they tend to keep the server systems proprietary. If you want a distributed datastore today you may read the BigTable paper but you're going to be using Facebook's Cassandra.
Facebook's API strategy is also impressive. They own the American social network: if you're building something using social relationships it's really tempting to do it inside Facebook. (Or as one startup friend of mine put it, "Facebook is layer 8 of the Internet".) People have complained about how awkward the earlier Facebook APIs have been to use. But the Facebook Graph API is the new hotness and it's nicely designed. I'm particularly struck by how it's typeless, all data objects in Facebook have a unique 64 bit id and they're all accessed via URLs like https://graph.facebook.com/649745863. I'm liking this flat REST+JSON design.
I've finally gotten to use my pilot's license for what I originally planned: actually going places! As a student I was on a short leash and since getting my ticket it's been hard to line up a plane rental, good weather, and the right mood to go somewhere. But this week has been great: 1000nm of flying, 10 hours.
Monday was a big flight I'd been anticipating for weeks: taking Ken up to Grant's Pass, Oregon to pick up his plane. My first time out of state, my first time over real mountains, and my first time flying over 10,000 feet. The route we took following I-5 never requires you go over 7000' or so, but that's still serious terrain and you get within a few miles of Mt. Shasta, a volcano at 14,200. Unfortunately we weren't able to land in Oregon because there were clouds below us, but I dropped Ken off in Redding to rent a car. Frustratingly the weather cleared an hour later!
Today's flight was a classic lunch run to Santa Maria. Nothing too challenging, but a good long distance and a pleasant trip to somewhere different. I finally got what I've been looking for; getting bored in the cockpit. I need to start bringing friends with me on trips like this. (Feel free to ask!)
Next week Ken and I are going with a CFI on a group flight to Colorado, 5 days of challenging mountain flying. If the weather allows we'll be doing things like flying through Independence Pass, where the low spot is at 12,093'. And then next month we're flying to OshKosh for AirVenture, probably three days there and three days back again. It's not particularly cheap, fast, or convenient, but it's fun to fly yourself.
I'm sad to have learned that Steve Dyer has passed away. Steve was an old friend from Boston and from soc.motss, the gay and lesbian Usenet group I frequented around 1989-1996. We haven't talked in years, but his generous social and Internet life have had a big impact on my life.
Steve was an old Unix and Internet hacker, in the center of net technology and culture in the early 80s. He founded net.motss in 1983, our own little place on Usenet for gay culture. That culture became an important part of many people's lives. Motss was my window on to the gay world when I was in college, a wider place full of intelligent people from all sorts of backgrounds. I wouldn't have met a whole lot of friends without motss, including my partner Ken. Later Steve also founded the Bears Mailing List which was instrumental in defining a subculture for gay men who were unrepresented in mainstream gay culture.
Internet communities always seem to have people like Steve: someone who creates places for a group, who does the organization and the shaping. Steve was particularly good at connecting socially, every motsser I know has a fond story of a casual gathering at Steve's house where they could finally meet motssers in person. Steve was a particular joy face-to-face because of the mirthful twinkle in his eye, friendly and wicked-smart and very generous to people. I regret now we hadn't spoken in some 10 years, I'm sad he's gone.
The Eye-Fi is good hardware. It's a magic SD card that you put in an ordinary digital camera to give it WiFi capability. With the Eye-Fi your camera will automatically and wirelessly upload photos to your computer, sharing sites like Flickr or Facebook, printing sites like Wal-Mart. It'll even upload video to Youtube. I bought it solely to physically avoid plugging my camera in to a computer; I'd been using the crappy iPhone camera for photos because it was simpler to upload from.
But what Eye-Fi really is is a marvel of tiny WiFi engineering. Buried in a standard SD card the size of one fingerjoint is a WiFi adapter with an antenna powerful enough to work from inside a camera. All powered off the camera's battery. It's kind of crazy that cameras don't have WiFi themselves, but Eye-Fi's solution works pretty well.
But what's really exciting about Eye-Fi is what else you could do with it other than photography. GPS trackers. Cell phones. Game consoles. Basically any device that has a storage interface could be given WiFi capability. Sadly, Eye-Fi has focussed their product specifically on the photo market and is not hacker friendly, so you can't actually do anything other than cameras with the hardware. Too bad.
The basic Eye-Fi goes for $50; compare $12 for an equivalent non-wireless card. At that price the only drawback is that the Eye-Fi may shorten camera battery life. The other caveat is there's a confusing proliferation of products. It all seems to be basically the same hardware, but the fancier versions will upload to public WiFi hotspots and geotag photos. Between the artificial product differentiation and the closed platform it feels a bit like they don't know how to make enough money selling the basic thing. But that's OK, because the base product is great.
Update: the day after posting this, Eye-Fi upgraded its desktop software. The upgrade shut my machine down without asking permission! Even better, it tried to disable the anti-virus software while installing. Very bad.
You know the old joke about Playboy magazine, about how he "reads it for the articles"? It's funny because it's true. That's what Butt Magazine is like, only instead of cheesy airbrushed naked chicks paired with faux-sophisticate culture it's slightly gritty naked guys with faux-casual sophisticated culture. It feels like a well produced zine, with a very personal editorial slant. Instead of the usual hairless-youth or bearish-30something mindless gay crap it's more hipster, nerdy.
Butt started as a magazine published in Amsterdam in 2001. What's remarkable about it are the interviews: Casey Spooner, Matmos, Michael Stipe, Martin DeGville (Sigue Sigue Sputnik). Fashion and art too: Marc Jacobs, Roger Payne, Matthias Vriens, Gus Van Sant, Edmund White (a particularly good one). Some straight out porn: Peter Berlin and Bruce LaBruce. I also love their random other interviews: Julian Ganio "the gereontophile poster boy of the London scene", Perez Hilton, Gore Vidal. Their interview style is very personal, simultaneously casual and way more revealing than the usual garbage. It's thoughtful journalism. The photos are good too, particularly the non-porny erotic shots, although their insistence of publishing on pink newsprint makes it hard to really enjoy the detail.
Sadly, Butt is going on a bit of sabbatical so now isn't a great time to subscribe. I can strongly recommend the Butt Book, though, a compilation of the best articles from the first 17 issues. The main website is interesting too, they've gone a bit bloggy.
I've mostly gotten bored with being gay. Gay overculture doesn't interest me, it's too vapid and too cruising focussed. Butt reminds me of the interesting part of being a sexual outsider. | <urn:uuid:86637fab-da39-40bd-888d-82daf3d47a85> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.somebits.com/weblog/2010/06/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285289.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00144-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.960404 | 2,557 | 2.484375 | 2 |
Pietro Yon made his living generally seeing that an organist and instructor, but is remembered today for his sacred music for the Roman Catholic Cathedral. He is, actually, being among the most essential American composers of sacred music for the Catholic Cathedral in the initial half from the twentieth hundred years. Yon’s body organ music, too, a lot of it spiritual in nature, in addition has endured over time. Overall, Yon’s result was significant and included 21 public, many motets, and different other sacred functions, solo body organ and piano parts, music, chamber, and orchestral compositions, including many concertos. His best-known function by far is certainly his 1917 Xmas hymn Gesu Bambino (Baby Jesus). As recommended above, a good variety of his body organ pieces regularly come in recitals and on recordings, included in this the Humoresque and Toccatina for Flutes from L’organo primitive (1918) and Natalie in Sicilia (1912). Yon was being among the most essential body organ teachers in the brand new York region during his life time: among his learners was composer Paul Creston. Pietro Yon was created in the Italian city of Settimo Vittone (near Turin) on August 8, 1886. His old sibling, St. Constantino, was also musically talented and appears to have experienced an impact on youthful Pietro. Pietro analyzed in the music conservatories in Milan and Turin, and he received his last teaching at Rome’s exclusive Accademia di Santa Cecilia. After his 1905 graduation Yon offered among the regular Vatican organists and in addition played in the San Pietro Basilica under Remigio Renzi. Following a business lead of his sibling, Yon resolved in NY in 1907, where Constantino was organist at St. Vincent Ferrer Chapel. That yr, Pietro Yon was appointed organist at St. Francis Xavier Chapel. He kept the post until 1926, generating the majority of his best-known functions (like the three mentioned previously) and learning to be a U.S. resident (1921). Yon approved the desired post of organist at St. Patrick’s Cathedral in 1927 and kept the positioning up to his loss of life. He’d also provide as choir movie director for a lot of his period there. While Yon was occupied both as an organist and composer during his American years, he also discovered period to give regular recitals. Typically, he performed his applications from memory, creating a precedent in this respect among NY organists active at that time. Yon passed away in Huntington, NY, on November 22, 1943. | <urn:uuid:0ed274b9-0b1a-4e2a-b94e-89fb427d63a7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://musicianbio.org/pietro-yon/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570871.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808183040-20220808213040-00269.warc.gz | en | 0.983456 | 551 | 1.828125 | 2 |
The San Francisco Railway Museum offers tremendous insight into the role that trains and rail transit played in the city's history. This role cannot be understated, as these means of transportation were largely responsible for increasing the overall quality of life in San Francisco after being introduced in the 1800s. Numerous historic artifacts at the museum help to tell the story of railway history in San Francisco, as do archival photographs and illustrative displays. Most of the permanent exhibits at this fascinating train museum revolve around the city's antique streetcars and landmark cable cars, while the temporary exhibits can cover anything from trains to the famed 1906 Earthquake.
The San Francisco Railway Museum isn't a large museum, so it is easy to fit into your day between larger attractions. Helping to make the museum even more enticing is the fact that it is free. Once inside, visitors can decide how in depth they want to get when it comes to railway history in San Francisco. For some, admiring the old streetcars and cable cars is enough, while others will want to take a closer look at things. That's where the supplemental exhibits come in. In addition to examining archival photographs and checking out the various illustrative displays, visitors can also watch vintage footage of streetcars operating at the height of their popularity. Mixed into this footage are nostalgic commentaries from people who used to rely on the streetcars for getting around.
The railway history in San Francisco is quite akin to the railway history of so many other American cities. For nearly a century starting in the mid-1800s, streetcars weren't just about getting from point A to point B. Passengers could easily hop on a train or streetcar to get to any number of destinations in and around the city, and these trips were usually small escapes from everyday life. Riding the rails was widely considered to be enjoyable, and to this day, San Francisco remains tied to its railway past. Some of the cable cars still operate in the downtown area, as do historic streetcars. In fact, visitors to the train museum in San Francisco can even take a streetcar or cable car to the museum itself. They can also use the modern BART trains to get within walking distance of the San Francisco Railway Museum.
A visit to the train museum in San Francisco is a must if you truly want to get a grasp on the city's history. San Francisco is arguably the most interesting U.S. city in terms of railway history, and it has long been associated with the image of cable cars. Helping to make a visit to the train museum in San Francisco worth considering is the fact that the museum enjoys an excellent location.
The San Francisco Railway Museum can be found where the Embarcadero meets Market Street. In addition to being close to street and cable car stations, the San Francisco Railway Museum is also near the ferry ports at the Ferry Building. A number of great attractions can be found in the general area, which means that the train museum can easily fit on a multi-stop itinerary. The San Francisco Cable Car Museum isn't too far away, which should pique the interest of those who are planning on visiting the San Francisco Railway Museum. | <urn:uuid:7e27164e-d739-4362-b75b-b747ebd66f30> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.destination360.com/north-america/us/california/san-francisco/train-museum | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280410.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00453-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.966656 | 638 | 2.28125 | 2 |
By Jim Gilbert
Ruby-throated hummingbirds are inquisitive and easily attracted to feeders.
They will even swoop down to investigate red articles of clothing. Thus feeders with red parts are best when trying to attract them. They quickly become accustomed to human presence providing endless entertainment for all who take the time to watch. Fill feeders with a mixture of one part white sugar to four of water.
You do not need to boil the mixture but hot water from a sink does help to dissolve the sugar. Don’t use red dye; in fact, many experts think the dye may be harmful to the birds. If the feeders are not emptied by feeding hummers, the sugar-water should be changed every few days, especially in hot weather.
Wash the feeder in a weak bleach and water solution and rinse well, if the sugar water solution turns cloudy or you see black mold.
John James Audubon called hummingbirds “glistening fragments of the rainbow,” and most birders agree that they’re the gems of the bird world. By August ruby-throats have begun their feeding frenzy.
Now is the time to set up several feeders as there are twice as many of these tiny birds. The newborns have joined the adults in our gardens and at feeding stations, and because their fall migration period begins in early August, we in the southern part of Minnesota begin to notice more hummers, always by mid-August.
Some observers say that in mid to late August the hummingbirds are in the gardens more than they are at the feeders. Here the cardinal-flower, salvia, canna lily and other tubular red flowers are favorites. There are several thoughts as to why red attracts hummers, one of which is that bees don’t see colors in the red spectrum very well so the red flower nectar is left for the hummingbirds. Small insects are also an important food source.
Although most birds don’t live more than three or four years, the longevity record for a ruby-throated hummingbird is nine years. Their average weight is 3.4 grams so it would take 133 of them together to weigh one pound. A good share of the ruby-throats will leave southern Minnesota by Sept. 25 to winter from south Texas to Costa Rica. They usually migrate by day but can also travel at night.
What’s happening outdoors now?
With warmer air temperatures lately, look for lake water temperatures to hit 80 degrees or above again. Ragweeds, both great and common, are shedding big quantities of pollen into the air from their green glowers. These ragweeds probably account for more hay fever symptoms than all other Minnesota plants combined.
White –tailed deer fawns have grown and are losing their spots. Laurie and Kim Mackenthun are seeing one hundred or so ruby-throated hummingbirds coming to their feeding station in rural Waconia. Laurie fills the 10 sugar water feeders twice daily. Evenings resound with the sleigh-bell chirping of snowy tree crickets.
On Aug. 22 a year ago
We had a low temperature of 58 and a high of 79 degrees under partly to mostly cloudy skies. A thunderstorm helped a bit with the drought conditions. In perennial gardens, phlox, roses, and varieties of the black-eyed Susan had very showy flowers. Sugar maples had begun displaying big patches of burnt-orange autumn foliage. | <urn:uuid:2d5b70da-6986-4f4c-8427-a3d3677b6fb2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://sunpatriot.com/2013/08/22/nature-notes-look-minnesotas-smallest-bird/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279189.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00059-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956933 | 719 | 2.921875 | 3 |
EPA: Lead, bacteria in floodwater
'The water is full of sewage,' CDC director says
YOUR E-MAIL ALERTS
WASHINGTON (CNN) -- The EPA said Wednesday that initial findings from New Orleans floodwater sampling indicate high levels of E. coli and coliform bacteria as well as lead.
"No one should drink the floodwater, especially children," administrator Stephen L. Johnson told reporters. He said the amounts exceeded 10 times the safe limit in all cases.
In addition, people should do all they can to avoid contact with the water, said Dr. Julie Gerberding, director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
She urged anyone who had not yet evacuated the Louisiana city to do so.
"Basically, the results from the EPA indicate that the water is full of sewage; we know that this is not safe," she said.
The bacteria can cause common intestinal illnesses, she said.
An agency spokesman said the CDC was investigating reports of five fatal cases caused by the bacteria Vibrio vulnificus bacteria to which people with compromised immune systems are particularly vulnerable.
Gerberding described the cases as "scattered," saying they do not represent an outbreak.
"We see cases of this periodically from time to time along the coast."
The illness "in no way resembles cholera," she said. "It is not spread person to person."
But the CDC's Web site described it as a bacterium "in the same family as those that cause cholera."
On Tuesday, CDC spokesman Tom Skinner said one of the deaths occurred in Texas and the other four were in Mississippi.
"These were all either elderly or had chronic, underlying health conditions," people considered most at risk for suffering complications from such infections, he said.
Gerberding downplayed the risk of cholera, saying it has not been found in the region for years and is unlikely to emerge as a threat.
The CDC also is investigating "sporadic reports" of outbreaks of gastrointestinal illness in shelters for evacuees from Hurricane Katrina, she said. Among the contaminants found has been norovirus, which is responsible for outbreaks of GI illness aboard cruise ships.
While the illness is generally not life-threatening, "it's annoying," Gerberding said.
CNN gave three samples to Analytical and Environmental Testing Inc. in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, which found 20,000 fecal coliform colonies per 100 milliliters of water, the highest the lab could count. That's 100 times the normal count found in water runoff from storms, the company said.
Officials have said they are taking steps to limit the outbreak of disease in crowded shelters, whose residents could prove susceptible.
Authorities also are watching for respiratory illnesses, such as the common cold, influenza and tuberculosis.
Gerberding credited some shelters for taking steps to minimize those risks, citing one that had set up a long line of portable sinks for evacuees to wash in and others that gave evacuees alcohol-soaked hand wipes.
Within the crowded compounds of shelters, health officials are working to make sure children's immunizations of measles and rubella are up to date, she said.
For adults, the focus is on tetanus and flu vaccines, when they become available.
Reports of diarrhea, tuberculosis investigated
Reports of diarrhea and tuberculosis have emerged in Texas, though it was not clear whether the cases were more widespread than they would have been among a normal population, Gerberding said Tuesday.
The reports of tuberculosis are being investigated, as some evacuees were diagnosed with the disease before the hurricane and were receiving treatment. Ensuring they get back on their medications is a priority, Gerberding said.
An evacuee at the Astrodome in Houston, Texas, was taken to a hospital after he began coughing up blood, Skinner said. The case has not been confirmed to be tuberculosis, he said.
The CDC has deployed more than 140 people, and eight more teams are prepared to augment shelter staffs.
A joint task force has been set up at Kindred Hospital in New Orleans to monitor the public health situation and to determine when the area might be safe to reinhabit, Health and Human Services Secretary Mike Leavitt said on Tuesday. The hospital also will be the site for the HHS field command and the city's public health department.
Still, meeting the immediate needs has stressed the nation's public health system, particularly in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, which has seen its population rise from 500,000 to 850,000 since last week, Leavitt said.
"The hospitals are under significant pressure," he said.
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The Source platform provides access to resources on matters of Disability and Inclusion from peer reviewed journal articles, COVID-19 guidelines and the unique evidence produced by the Inclusive Futures programme.
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Open guide click here | <urn:uuid:40aea9af-6241-4e70-9bb6-06521e84b559> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.hi.org/en/a-new-source-free-user-friendly-and-accessible-resources-for-all-users- | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573667.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819100644-20220819130644-00065.warc.gz | en | 0.863142 | 392 | 1.945313 | 2 |
Feeling the heat? Make this Watermelon Jelly with Macadamia Milk and Strawberries »
from The Natural Cook by Matt Stone
Contributed articles and stories
The Natural Cook – Maximum Taste, Zero Waste by Matt Stone is all about the new food revolution. It's being kind to the planet, giving your body good food and nourishing your soul at the same time.
In this recipe, Matt whips up a delicous dessert, perfect for summer entertaining!
"I love fruit and jelly. It’s one of those classic dessert combinations that works so well. There’s the wonderful coolness and appealing textures as well as big flavours that pack a punch. Here, the macadamia milk gives some weight and body to the dessert, playing the same role as cream without the heaviness."
Ingredients (serves 6)
- 1 kg (2 lb 4 oz) watermelon, skin removed
- 3 titanium-strength gelatine sheets or 1½ teaspoons powdered gelatine
- iced water
- 40 ml (1¼ floz) lime juice (about 1 large lime), plus finely grated zest
- 1 tablespoon caster (superfine) sugar
- 250 g (9 oz) strawberries, hulled and sliced into discs
- edible flowers (optional)
Note: you’ll find gelatine sheets in some supermarkets. If you can’t get your hands on them, replace with powdered gelatine and follow the packet directions. Xanthan gum (below) can be found in the health-food section of supermarkets.
Ingredients – Macadamia Milk
- 155 g (5½ oz/1 cup) macadamia nuts
- 500 ml (17 floz/2 cups) milk
- 1 tablespoon raw honey
- 1 teaspoon xanthan gum
Method – Watermelon Jelly:
Start by taking 750 g (1lb 10oz) of the watermelon and juicing it in a food processor or juicer. Strain the juice through a fine sieve, using some elbow grease to squeeze any remaining juice out of the pulp.
The remaining 250 g (9oz) will be used when you serve the dessert, so store it somewhere out of harm’s way.
If using gelatine sheets, soak them in a bowl of iced water for 5–10 minutes until they bloom (hydrate and expand).
Meanwhile, add the lime juice and zest to the watermelon juice and combine. Put 200 ml (7 floz) of the juice mixture into a small saucepan and place over medium heat. Add the sugar and stir until dissolved. Once the juice begins to warm (but not boil), add the bloomed gelatine, squeezing out any extra liquid first (or add powdered gelatine here, if using). Stir until dissolved.
Remove from the heat and stir in the remaining juice mixture. Pour into a small container and place in the fridge.
Method – Macadamia Milk
Preheat the oven to 160°C (320°F). Spread the macadamia nuts out on a baking tray and roast in the oven for 8 minutes or until golden.
Set the nuts aside to cool, then place the cooled nuts, milk and honey in a food processor. Blend until the milk becomes smooth, then add the xanthan gum and blend until thickened, place in a container and refrigerate. This can be made in advance and will last in the fridge for 3-4 days.
Use a tablespoon to scoop out some jelly and place in a bowl. There’s no need to cut these out perfectly; simple blobs will do.
Next, scoop out small balls of watermelon flesh and dot around the plate.
Pour the macadamia milk around the jelly and place the strawberries on and around the jelly.
Sprinkle with some edible flowers, if using, for a decorative touch.
This recipe is from The Natural Cook – Maximum Taste, Zero Waste by Matt Stone and is reproduced with the kind permission of the publisher, Murdoch Books (Sydney, NSW; Aug 2016, HC, 240pp) It retails in Australia for RRP A$39.95.
The book is available nationally and also direct from the publisher »
See links below for further recipes from The Natural Cook by Matt Stone.
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Category:Banjarese terms derived from Proto-Malayic
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» All languages » Banjarese language » Terms by etymology » Terms derived from other languages » Austronesian languages » Malayo-Polynesian languages » Sunda-Sulawesi languages » Malayo-Sumbawan languages » Malayo-Chamic languages » Malayic languages » Proto-Malayic
Terms in Banjarese that originate from the Proto-Malayic language.
This category has only the following subcategory.
Pages in category "Banjarese terms derived from Proto-Malayic"
The following 27 pages are in this category, out of 27 total. | <urn:uuid:5ab872d5-7e21-4228-b121-88fe52ab3655> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:Banjarese_terms_derived_from_Proto-Malayic | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719136.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00467-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.754715 | 166 | 2.703125 | 3 |
On writing systems for collective intelligence
Note-taking systems (wikis, Zettelkasten) suit well for personal research and reasoning/sensemaking in writing but not so much for memoising stuff, as I observed here: Evergreen notes and Zettelkasten are good for "frontier thinking", but not for learning a practice or a domain, and neither for collective reasoning. This is an empirical statement Andy Matuschak observed this here: “Collaborative knowledge-management systems tend to decay”.
Matuschak’s arguments of why wikis are not working well for developing collective knowledge (difficulty in maintaining atomicity and concept-orientation of notes) seem to me somewhat made up, though. In A Thousand Brains, Jeff Hawkins explains that Humans learn only within reference frames. Human brains put concepts into their own, idiosyncratic reference frames. Collective interpersonal intelligence clearly works differently (though unclear, how exactly), so people don’t feel they can “fit” their notes into a system of notes representing concepts from someone else’s brain.
Therefore, it seems there is still no better way for developing ideas collectively than good old written conversation. The forms may vary from a web forum to a blog of essays (or RFCs, in an engineering setting). Other participants comment on these posts or write their own posts in response. A small insight here is that it’s probably better for a participant to rewrite an RFC completely and publish it separately instead of (or in addition to) commenting on an existing RFC if they disagree with it on a lot of points.
When a group of people converges on some model (theory, design, explanation, ontology, etc.) it should be extracted from the conversation as a set of architecture documents + code + documentation (in case of engineering projects), or, in case of scientific or philosophical research projects, as a wiki (finally!), or a curriculum, or a course, or a book.
Ward Cunningham, the inventor of the original wiki, created Federated Wiki 10 years ago, a system that could work basically like a personal wiki for people who can copy each other’s notes and modify them. Over time though, people may converge on using certain versions of notes, which will become the “reference ontology” through consensus. Federated Wiki didn’t take off and it seems to add unnecessary complexity (compared to the approach suggested above) for small, relatively cohesive groups of researchers.
Productivity tools such as Notion, Coda, or Confluence are excellent for documenting models (of collective action, or engineered systems) according to existing meta-ontologies, but not for developing new ontologies.
I don’t know whether they work well for collective meta-research though because I participated in such projects.
Developers of Roam Research and numerous similar note-taking systems apparently disagree with my argument laid out above, because they declare that their systems make “collective thought” possible. | <urn:uuid:42145954-ea53-4056-998c-80f1f14661ec> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://engineeringideas.substack.com/p/on-writing-systems-for-collective | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573193.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818094131-20220818124131-00476.warc.gz | en | 0.922139 | 626 | 1.679688 | 2 |
A strong rear-guard composed of picked troops, commanded by the bravest General, and supported by the whole Army at critical moments, a careful utilisation of ground, strong ambuscades wherever the boldness of the enemy’s advance-guard, and the ground, afford opportunity; in short, the preparation and the system of regular small battles,—these are the means of following this principle.
The difficulties of a retreat are naturally greater or less according as the battle has been fought under more or less favourable circumstances, and according as it has been more or less obstinately contested. The battle of Jena and La Belle-Alliance show how impossible anything like a regular retreat may become, if the last man is used up against a powerful enemy.
Now and again it has been suggested(*) to divide for the purpose of retreating, therefore to retreat in separate divisions or even eccentrically. Such a separation as is made merely for convenience, and along with which concentrated action continues possible and is kept in view, is not what we now refer to; any other kind is extremely dangerous, contrary to the nature of the thing, and therefore a great error. Every lost battle is a principle of weakness and disorganisation; and the first and immediate desideratum is to concentrate, and in concentration to recover order, courage, and confidence. The idea of harassing the enemy by separate corps on both flanks at the moment when he is following up his victory, is a perfect anomaly; a faint-hearted pedant might be overawed by his enemy in that manner, and for such a case it may answer; but where we are not sure of this failing in our opponent it is better let alone. If the strategic relations after a battle require that we should cover ourselves right and left by detachments, so much must be done, as from circumstances is unavoidable, but this fractioning must always be regarded as an evil, and we are seldom in a state to commence it the day after the battle itself.
(*) Allusion is here
made to the works of Lloyd Bullow and
If Frederick the Great after the battle of Kollin,(*) and the raising of the siege of Prague retreated in three columns that was done not out of choice, but because the position of his forces, and the necessity of covering Saxony, left him no alternative, Buonaparte after the battle of Brienne,(**) sent Marmont back to the Aube, whilst he himself passed the Seine, and turned towards Troyes; but that this did not end in disaster, was solely owing to the circumstance that the Allies, instead of pursuing divided their forces in like manner, turning with the one part (Bluecher) towards the Marne, while with the other (Schwartzenberg), from fear of being too weak, they advanced with exaggerated caution. | <urn:uuid:7b81bab9-8dbb-4c14-9b2d-a19b6284a19c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.bookrags.com/ebooks/1946/200.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00022-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964327 | 585 | 2.921875 | 3 |
This week I am on a bit of a nostalgia trip to Oxford for OGF34. A reasonably large number of years ago I was an undergraduate here, and spent many hours in labs just round the corner from where OGF is being held in the eScience Centre, Oxford University. So I’m attending sessions while constantly fighting the niggling feeling that I ought to be in a tutorial somewhere or revising for finals…
The event kicked off yesterday with a welcome from host David Wallom of the eScience Centre and an introduction by Alan Sill of Texas Tech University. “The rest of the world has discovered distributed computing – and most of all they have discovered us,” said Sill. “This is good news for standards activities.”
OGF was set up to solve problems with large distributed computing infrastructure, such as federated identity management, managing trust ecosystems, setting up virtual organisations, job submission and workflow management and network management, among many others. Over the last ten years, they have released an impressive 194 standards or informational documents and they are currently working to gather them into a ‘Cloud portfolio’.
The basic, core infrastructure specification work is still going on, but now with increased interest from outside parties. For example, XSEDE is the replacement for the Teragrid infrastructure, and represents a phase change in the engagement of OGF standards with the US cyberinfrastructure. Open standards here mean reduction of risk, the ability to choose ‘best of breed’ and to mix and match solutions, increased innovation and competition, together with interoperation between infrastructures.
Increasingly, OGF is interacting with industry standards bodies, such as SNIA, the Storage Networking Industry Association. Their cloud ‘plugfests’ have been very successful, where vendors to bring their implementations of cloud standards such as CDMI (Cloud Data Management Interface) and OGF’s Open Cloud Computing Interface (OCCI) to test, identify, and fix bugs in a collaborative setting. As a result, several active OCCI and CDMI implementations are progressing into production ready solutions.
Several cooperative agreements are in preparation, for example between OCCI and DMTF (Distributed Management Task Force), a Category A liaison with the International Standards Organisation on cloud computing and an OCCI/CDMI cooperative agreement with SNIA. All good news for the future of interoperable clouds.
According to Sill, cloud is proving to be ‘one use case mode among many’, and the activities of OGF dovetail with the activities of these other bodies. “We are not in competition with them – better standards can only benefit the users,” says Sill. | <urn:uuid:f5d221ce-f874-416d-b844-c801c3cf04e5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://gridtalk-project.blogspot.com/2012/03/grid-and-cloud-standards-at-ogf34.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279368.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00321-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.941688 | 563 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Minnesota's five largest health plans and three major provider systems, including the Mayo Clinic, have agreed to use a standard set of evidence-based treatment guidelines developed by the Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement, a Bloomington-based quality-improvement consortium.
The ICSI, founded by Mayo and other large regional provider organizations, developed a system in which physicians evaluate the evidence for existing practice guidelines and technology assessments. The physicians then draw their own conclusions to develop the ICSI's guidelines. In becoming sponsors of the institute, the five health plans — HealthPartners, Medica, PreferredOne, UCare Minnesota, and Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Minnesota — agreed to adopt ICSI's care protocols. Its 50 guidelines cover such common areas as prevention, heart disease, respiratory care, musculoskeletal disorders, behavioral health, and Ob/Gyn, among others.
Minnesota can be viewed as the first state where most major players are basing care on systematic use of best practices -- the kind of collaborative effort called for in the Institute of Medicine's March report, "Crossing the Quality Chasm." The ICSI plans to solicit medical groups and hospitals that contract with its health plans for membership — and thus broaden the use of its guidelines. | <urn:uuid:84b8b534-6b84-47b8-a7a9-f86aed1d135f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://managedcaremag.com/archives/2001/5/minnesota-plans-providers-using-same-guidelines | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00051-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.944261 | 256 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Omnichannel grocery shoppers say transparency is essential
A new report that examines consumer shopping habits has revealed a lack of trust in food and beverage brands and Government institutions, and also reveals what transparency means to today’s consumers.
What is transparency? According to a new report from FMI – The Food Industry Association and Label Insight, 62 percent of consumers consider brands and manufactures as transparent if they provide a full list of ingredients. Easy to read ingredients came in second (52 percent), certifications (such as ‘USDA organic’) came third, (48 percent), and in-depth nutritional information followed close behind at 47 percent.
The report also revealed that less than half of the respondents completely trust production information from manufacturers and brands (41 percent) or Government institutions (46 percent).
Consumers are also becoming more proactive when it comes to clarification of ingredients. According to the survey, 47 percent of shoppers will choose to research ingredients online in the face of confusion, and 89 percent would be more likely to seek details on a product if it had more online information.
The Transparency Trends: Omnichannel Grocery Shopping from the Consumer Perspective report is based on data collected between 5-18 March 2020 from 1,000 U.S. omnichannel grocery shoppers who shopped online for groceries in the previous month — in addition to shopping in-store.
The report is a follow-up to The Transparency Imperative: Product Labeling from the Consumer Perspective study conducted in 2018, which examined the growing importance of transparency. This year’s research builds off of the 2018 study, diving deeper into shoppers’ behaviours and expectations for transparency with in-store and online shopping.
“It’s one thing to know consumers want transparency, it’s another thing to act on it. We’re seeing more and more that providing detailed product information is key to building trust and loyalty with consumers,” said Tim Whiting, VP of Marketing at Label Insight. “Moving forward, brands will need to continue to listen better to their customers, continuously update their online and in-store content to keep pace with changing consumer preferences and be an open book when it comes to their products so that they can maintain and grow market share.” | <urn:uuid:5969b9d4-c851-4f0f-8853-7c875d6202b1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.newfoodmagazine.com/news/112722/transparent-labelling/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00479.warc.gz | en | 0.947644 | 464 | 2.53125 | 3 |
November 18, 2008
Here’s a list of a few of the reasons I think you might want to take a look at Ubuntu. Thanks to the Ubuntu UK Podcast episode 10 for originally inspiring this post.
- Cost – Ubuntu and all the software Ubuntu makes available costs $0. If you are comparing this to the cost of Windows, don’t forget the costs of your Office Suite, any other software you need to purchase, plus the annual subscription to your Antivirus and Firewall vendor of choice. If you want to upgrade to Vista, you’ll also need to buy a new computer. In contrast, Canonical (the for profit company that funds much of the development of Ubuntu) will even pay the postage to mail you an Ubuntu installation CD if you ask for one. If you are a business considering deploying Ubuntu on the Desktop or on the Server, you don’t need to work out a licensing deal before trying the system, or deploying it fully. Paid support is available, but not required.
- Wide Range of Support Options – You get your pick. The easiest way to get a question answered is by doing a quick Google search (I use Uboontu). Alternatively, you can read up on the Official Ubuntu Documentation, post to the Ubuntu Forums, ask a question on Launchpad, chat in #ubuntu on irc.freenode.net, send an email to an Ubuntu Support Mailing List, contact someone in your local Ubuntu LoCo Group, or get paid support directly from Canonical.
- Live CDs – You can use a Live CD to test drive Ubuntu on your computer before actually going through the installation process. I’d recommend running the Live CD to make sure all your hardware works, including things like printers and other peripheral devices. NB: The performance of your system while you use a Live CD is dependent on the amount of RAM your computer has – I’d recommend 512 MB RAM for a good experience. A fully installed system will certainly have better performance.
- Ease of Installation – Ubuntu is quite easy to install, particularly compared to Windows. There are no tricky questions, and all the user interaction occurs at the beginning of the installation, so once it gets going you can walk away. If you are currently using Windows, I’d highly recommend using Wubi to install the system. Wubi makes installing Ubuntu ridiculously easy. Ubuntu is installed just like any other Windows application, and can be removed from Add/Remove Programs in the Control Panel. The entire system is installed inside a single file, with no impact on the rest of your Windows installation. An entry is added to the Windows boot loader, giving you the option of starting either Windows, or Ubuntu each time you start your PC. Wubi also comes on the Ubuntu Live CD, so if you insert the CD while running Windows, it will give you the option of installing Ubuntu with Wubi without requiring the additional download of the Ubuntu installation files.
- Less Post-Installation Work – Ubuntu comes with software for everything you need to do on a typical desktop system, pre-loaded. After a Windows installation is finished, you need to find and install drivers for every piece of hardware in your computer. Afterward, you get to install all the different software applications you need, one at a time, meticulously typing in all the CD Keys, or hunting for the installation file on the internet. If you’ve done this before, you can probably appreciate the Out of the Box completeness of an Ubuntu installation.
- A New Version Every 6 Months, or 2 Years – Ubuntu has a 6 month release cycle, bringing you a new version of Ubuntu, along with new features and new versions of each piece of software you have installed. If you’d prefer not to upgrade every 6 months, there is also a Long Term Support release, every two years. The LTS release has a longer support lifetime (3 years, compared to 18 months for Desktop support), if you are purchasing support from Canonical.
- Easy to Install Additional Software – Need something that didn’t come with a default installation of Ubuntu? Just go to Applications > Add/Remove, and after the list populates itself, you can browse through thousands of available applications, grouped by category. These include games, desktop publishing applications, alternate office suites, audio/video remastering software, and just about every other type of software you can think of. Installation is as easy as checking the boxes next to your chosen applications, clicking Apply Changes, and clicking Apply again on the confirmation box. That’s it. All the software is automatically downloaded and installed, with icons placed in the appropriate places in your menu. No more clicking next, next, next, next, finish, ad nauseum, and no need to keep those precious software installation CD’s you bought from getting damaged while you aren’t needing them.
- Better Language Support – Gnome, and therefore Ubuntu, has 45 languages having at least 80 percent of the system translated with some support for over 100 languages, including Albanian, Arabic, Basque, Bengali (India), Brazilian Portuguese, Bulgarian, Catalan, Chinese (China), Chinese (Hong Kong), Chinese (Taiwan), Czech, Danish, Dutch, Dzongkha, English (US, British, Canadian), Estonian, Finnish, French, Galician, German, Greek, Gujarati, Hebrew, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Lithuanian, Macedonian, Malayalam, Marathi, Norwegian Bokmål, Polish, Portuguese, Punjabi, Russian, Serbian (Cyrillic and Latin), Slovenian, Spanish, Swedish, Tamil, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian, and Vietnamese.
- No More Worrying About Viruses – Ubuntu users don’t need to worry about viruses, as viruses are programs which exploit holes in Windows security. This means that you also don’t need any Anti-Virus software, which saves you money and system resources. This extends to spyware and adware, and other malicious programs lurking about on the Internet.
- More Secure – Linux, and therefore Ubuntu, is more secure than Windows, particularly on the desktop. Windows comes with all kinds of ports open waiting for connections, and Ubuntu does not. This is why you are foolish not to run a firewall on a Windows desktop computer, as the firewall is intended to fix the open ports problem. On Ubuntu, installing a software package which requires a port, opens that port. If your Ubuntu system is directly connected to the Internet, I’d recommend you set up some kind of firewall anyway. In Ubuntu 8.10, check out the new graphical front end to ufw (Uncomplicated Firewall), gufw. Also, the filesystem used by Linux is more secure, and more tunable to exactly what kind of security you need for a given file or folder, in contrast to the ON or OFF file access provided by Windows XP.
- No Vendor Lock In – Proprietary software vendors often take advantage of their customers, by locking them into the system they purchase, by making it hard or impossible to migrate to a different system. Apparently, they think that doing this will keep their customers coming back, year after year. They’re usually correct, no matter how unethical it is. I, for one, will not buy anything that traps me into using a particular product, given the choice. Ubuntu, and FOSS (Free Open Source Software) in general, support open standards, and are providing your software at no cost.
- Designed to Last Forever – Free Software is often developed by people who wanted something for themselves, and after creating it, chose to give it away to everyone else. So, the software is designed to serve the user. It isn’t designed with Marketing in mind, nor is it designed to become obsolete so you need to buy the new version. Not to mention, the software is open source, so even if the guy that originally wrote it gets hit by a bus or something, anyone else can continue to improve the product, if they want to.
- Learn How it Works – If you like to tinker, and want to learn, the sky is the limit. There is excellent documentation available in the Help menus of most of the software that comes with the system. If you want to learn how to use free software for the production of art, video, or sound, there is free educational material available, and the tools are free. If you want to get more technical, you can go as far as viewing the source code for even the most arcane parts of the Linux Kernel. And again, all the tools are free.
- Change the Appearance – It’s really easy to dramatically change the look and feel of Ubuntu. Don’t like brown? Go to System > Preferences > Appearance for a number of different themes. Check out www.gnome-look.org or art.gnome.org for a wealth of additional themes and icon sets. If you are using Ubuntu for your business, you can even rebrand the Operating System with your own logos and themes, if you want to. Of course, anyone can do this on their Desktop at home, too.
- Change the Software – You can take any Free Software and modify the code to make it suit your needs perfectly. If you redistribute it, or if you are just feeling charitable, make the code changes available to everyone else.
- Help Make Ubuntu Better – It isn’t hard to join the community and work to make Ubuntu better for yourself, and for everyone else that uses the system. You can help by submitting bugs, suggesting ideas, translating documentation into another language, testing the system, supporting others with problems, contributing artwork, writing documentation, or contributing code.
- Real Ownership – With Ubuntu, you actually have ownership of your entire computer. If you are using Windows, you don’t own the software – you only paid for a license to use the software in a specific way. Ownership means you can change it, and do whatever you want with it including having redistribution rights and including the ability to making money off of it. Your ownership is unrestricted, and you don’t need to worry about someone trying to sue you for what you do with it (the only exception would be relating to the use of trademarks, such as the Ubuntu and Firefox logos, if you change the software). Of course, real ownership also means that if it breaks, it’s up to you to fix it. But you aren’t alone. The entire community owns it jointly, and many people are helping to provide you with support, fix the problems on your system, and make improvements to your software.
- Pwn your Friends – Ubuntu has a number of great, free First Person Shooters available in the repositories including Tremulous, Nexuiz, OpenArena, and Sauerbraten. Other cool games are available, like Kobo Deluxe or Battle for Wesnoth. Running Windows games in Wine is also an option. See the Wine App db for how well your favorite Windows game runs in Wine. For example World of Warcraft, Guild Wars, Homeworld, Warcraft III, Starcraft, EVE Online, Command and Conquer 3, Call of Duty 4, Everquest 1 and 2, and Counter-Strike all run very well in Ubuntu with Wine.
- The Power of UNIX, thanks to Gnu’s tools – If you really want to make your system work for you, you’ll be learning how to make good use of the command line. The Terminal is scary at first, but that’s only because it’s unfamiliar and you don’t know how to use it. Once you have some command line experience under your belt, you’ll find that you can do what you want to do much faster than you could using your mouse in the graphical environment. (If you find yourself using the Terminal a lot, I’d recommend checking out tilda. You can install tilda from the command line with ‘sudo aptitude install tilda’.) A few tips for beginners:
- ~ represents your home directory, where all your files live.
- cd changes directories, cd .. takes you up a level, and cd – takes you back to the previous directory.
- ls displays the contents of a directory.
- Autocomplete commands by pressing tab, or pressing it twice for suggestions.
- After finding the name of a command, type “man COMMAND” for the manual.
- Use the nano command to edit a text file.
Here are some challenges associated with switching to Ubuntu:
- Unfamiliarity – It might sound like I’m stating the obvious, but the system will be new to you. Using Ubuntu may appear to be more difficult than it really is, just because of this fact. After you get over the initial shock, I think you’ll find that Ubuntu is actually easier to use than Windows.
- Terminology – When you are new to the FOSS world, it’s really hard to know what everyone is talking about, since you don’t understand the terminology. How are you supposed to know the difference between a desktop environment and a window manager? Not to mention, the names of different projects that are interchangeable, like Gnome, KDE, and XFCE or Metacity and Compiz. Every software project has come up with it’s own name, and the name never seems to have anything to do with what the software actually does. The good news, is that the Ubuntu Community has provided a Glossary.
- Vendor Support – Many hardware and software vendors don’t provide much support for Linux. The good news is that the Linux Kernel hackers have managed to backwards engineer hardware drivers for just about everything. 3d Graphics card drivers, and some Wifi cards require the use of an Ubuntu tool called Jockey which will install proprietary drivers for you. Software that isn’t designed to work on Linux might run if you try using Wine, and there are Free Software alternatives for just about every type of computer program. Some of the most popular Windows applications actually run great, and possibly faster in Ubuntu using Wine, such as MS Office and World of Warcraft. If you really need Windows XP, you can easily install it inside Ubuntu with Virtualbox. Also, if you call your ISP and tell them you are running Ubuntu, they will probably freak out for no good reason. At least, they’ve heard of Firefox, by now.
- Some Hardware Might Not Work Out of the Box – Hardware that doesn’t work is uncommon, but it’s possible. Less popular hardware is less likely to work. Try the LiveCD, and test your hardware. Some people have problems getting Suspend and Hibernate to work. If it doesn’t work, check the forums or do a Uboontu search for help in getting it working. In the future, it’s a good idea to check the forums to see if a piece of hardware is supported, before you buy it. I haven’t found this to be a big problem when I’ve helped people switch to Ubuntu.
- Migrating your stuff from Windows to Ubuntu – The Ubuntu Community has compiled a good list of stuff to consider when you are going to make the switch, available here. I’d again recommend using Wubi, as you can take your time migrating everything as Wubi installs Ubuntu on your computer with no more impact on Windows than installing any other application.
- Restricted Media Formats – Many media formats, such as mp3 and aac music formats don’t come pre-installed in Ubuntu, due to legal restrictions on distributing the software required because of patent issues. I’d recommend you start ripping your CD’s into Ogg Vorbis format. It’s better, and it’s free. DVD support doesn’t come pre-installed, also for legal restrictions on decrypting DVD’s without paying for it. Flash video, required for YouTube and other websites, doesn’t come pre-loaded either, because of restrictions imposed by Adobe. Also, Microsoft’s fonts don’t come installed, also due to legal restrictions, irregardless of whether or not you own a copy of Windows. Ubuntu costs nothing, after all, and the people that hold patents require compensation for using their technology. If you want to make all of this work in one shot, no questions asked, you can install the ubuntu-restricted-extras package. For more on the topic, see the Ubuntu Community documentation available here. If you want to buy software that allows Ubuntu to play these formats, Canonical has started making this available in the Canonical Store.
Let me know if I missed anything important. NB: Many of the advantages of using Ubuntu listed above are shared by other Linux Distributions, and are the result of the hard work of Gnu and a lot of other Free Software projects. | <urn:uuid:7488e314-bf7c-4dd3-9aee-9129ec7ae7a6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://omegamormegil.wordpress.com/tag/everquest-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281353.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00063-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.922143 | 3,533 | 1.835938 | 2 |
Updated: Jul 20
A Health Saving Account (HSA) is a tax-advantaged savings account that allows an individual to set aside pre-tax dollars to pay for qualified medical expenses. By using untaxed dollars in a Health Savings Account (HSA) to pay for deductibles, copayments, coinsurance, and some other expenses, you may be able to lower your overall health care costs. However, there may be more benefits that simply lower overall health costs.
NOTE: HSA funds generally may not be used to pay health premiums.
The insured individual, or their employer, make regular contributions to the account. These funds are not subject to federal income taxes at the time of the deposit or withdrawal if the funds are used for qualified medical expenses that HDHPs don’t cover, including the deductible expenses. HSA contributions do not have to be spent or withdrawn during the tax year they were deposited. Any unused contributions can be rolled over—indefinitely.
The HSA tax-advantaged savings can be used in retirement when the early withdrawal penalty for nonqualified expenses no longer applies. However, if you are under the age of 65, any withdrawals for nonqualified expenses are subject to income tax and a 20% early withdrawal penalty.
Sounds great! What’s the catch?
While you can use the funds in an HSA at any time to pay for qualified medical expenses, you may contribute to an HSA only if you have a High Deductible Health Plan (HDHP). An HDHP is a health plan (including a Marketplace plan) that only covers preventive services before the deductible. For plan year 2022, the minimum deductible for an HDHP is $1,400 for an individual and $2,800 for a family. When you view plans in the Marketplace, you can see if they’re "HSA-eligible."
For 2022, if you have an HDHP, you can contribute up to $3,650 for self-only coverage and up to $7,300 for family coverage into an HSA. HSA funds roll over year to year if you don't spend them. An HSA may earn interest or other earnings, which are not taxable.
Some health insurance companies offer HSAs for their HDHPs. Check with your company. You can also open an HSA through some banks and other financial institutions.
Who Are High-Deductible Health Plans best suited for?
Before you can answer that question, you need to understand what a HDHP is and what it is not. A high-deductible health plan is a health insurance plan with a sizable deductible and lower monthly premiums. Routine preventive care is fully covered, which means that individuals aren't responsible for copays or coinsurance. It is important to note that only HDHPs qualify for tax-advantaged health savings accounts.
Younger, healthier people who don’t expect to need health care coverage except in the face of a serious health emergency.
Wealthy individuals and families who can afford to pay the high deductible out of pocket and want the benefits of an HSA may benefit from HDHPs.
NOTE: For 2021 and 2022, the IRS defines an HDHP as one with a deductible of at least $1,400 for individuals and $2,800 for families.
Why were HDHPs Created?
The thought behind HDHPs is that they will lower overall health care costs by making people more aware of the cost of medical expenses. Before coverage can be activated, the individual must pay the deductible out of pocket. When an individual pays that portion of a claim, the insurance company covers the remaining portion, as specified in the contract.
The higher deductible also lowers insurance premiums, leading to more affordable monthly costs. This arrangement benefits healthy people who need coverage only for serious health emergencies. In addition, wealthy families who can afford to meet the deductible, also benefit because it offers access to a tax-advantaged Health Savings Account.
These plans fully cover routine preventive care for the following items without copays or coinsurance before the deductible kicks in. (please note that the list is not all inclusive):
Blood pressure screening
Diet and nutritional counseling
Immunizations for diseases, such as chickenpox, the flu, and the measles
The High-Deductible Health Plan also comes with an annual catastrophic limit on out-of-pocket expenses for covered services from in-network providers. The maximum deductible for 2022 is $7,050 for an individual and $14,100 for a family. When you reach this limit, your plan pays 100% of your expenses for in-network care.
What is an HSA and why is it only available with a High-Deductible Health Plan?
A health savings account (HSA) is a tax-advantaged savings account and are only available to people covered by an HDHP. The insured individual, or their employer, make regular contributions to the account. These funds are not subject to federal income taxes at the time of the deposit or withdrawal if the funds are used for qualified medical expenses that HDHPs don’t cover, including the deductible expenses.
NOTE: HSA contributions do not have to be spent or withdrawn during the tax year they were deposited. Any unused contributions can be rolled over—indefinitely.
For wealthy families who can afford to self-insure, an HDHP allows access to HSA tax-advantaged savings that they can use in retirement when the early withdrawal penalty for nonqualified expenses no longer applies.
However, if you are under the age of 65, any withdrawals for nonqualified expenses are subject to income tax and a 20% early withdrawal penalty.
Advantages and Disadvantages of a High-Deductible Health Plan (HDHP)
Insured individuals with an HDHP end up paying lower monthly premiums. If you know that you are only going to need preventive care for the calendar year, then an HDHP would save you money.
Covered individuals are allowed to use a tax-advantaged HSA with an HDHP, so the money that you deposit into your HSA is tax-free and will help cut the cost of your high deductible.
Higher deductibles mean that you have to pay more out of your own pocket for your medical and health care before the plan actually starts to pay for you. This can be a significant issue, if you have unexpected health issues.
Who Offers High-Deductible Health Plans?
You can get coverage under an HDHP through your employer. These plans are also available through government health care exchanges.
To read the full article on Investopedia, Click Here: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/h/hdhp.asp
To learn more about the government health care HDHPs, Click here: https://www.irs.gov/publications/p969 | <urn:uuid:da6b0d8a-b2fc-457a-93d3-0e9a322275c4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.collomcpa.com/post/what-is-an-hsa-and-are-you-eligible-to-use-an-hsa | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572163.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815085006-20220815115006-00668.warc.gz | en | 0.955074 | 1,447 | 1.976563 | 2 |
Ms. Kullman also talks about how standards like ISO 9001 (quality management) and ISO 14001 (environmental management) have helped DuPont improve processes both for their customers and value chain.
She emphasizes the importance of getting involved in ISO’s work. “ Collaborating with other companies, stakeholders and innovators through the work on ISO technical committees is just one example of what we mean by Inclusive Innovation – no one organization alone can solve these complex issues, ” she says.
In its Special Report, the March issue ISO Focus+, celebrates the accomplishments, talents and expertise of women in standardization. It also takes a critical look at the work that remains in order to continue gaining ground.
The issue gives a voice to a selection of women in leadership, from CEOs of national standards bodies to experts in ISO technical committees. Although each has a unique story to tell, there is a common message: gender diversity enriches and strengthens an organization.
Women represent an important portion of the staff at the ISO Central Secretariat (55 %), as in many national standards bodies. Hundreds, if not thousands, are experts and leaders in technical committees, working on subjects ranging from information technology to nanotechologies. In fact, diversity and equality lie at the very heart of standardization and are fundamental to its success. The more voices get heard during the development of a standard – be it from industry, government, academia, NGOs, consumers – the more representative and influential the resulting document will be.
Standards level the playing field, giving everyone equal opportunities. They are also powerful tools for sharing best practice –including gender diversity, which is directly addressed in ISO 26000 on social responsibility.
By telling success stories and presenting role models in the world of standards, this issue of ISO Focus+ aims to be a catalyst for further progress and inspire new generations of women to get on board.
Other highlights in this March edition include articles on the following:
- Never tire of saving energy! ISO 50001 is a win-win for Bridgestone
- Your voice matters – Engaging consumers in standards
- Interview with Datuk Aishah Ahmad – Malaysian Automotive Association
ISO Focus+, March 2013 | <urn:uuid:3589c1a7-5985-4646-9c5a-eaee91a1b84d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.iso.org/iso/home/news_index/news_archive/news.htm?refid=Ref1725 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00070-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.940133 | 451 | 1.671875 | 2 |
Walking for Weight Loss Walking for Weight Loss
Research shows that a walking program can result in successful weight loss. You can boost the calories burned and the likelihood that you will stick with your plan when you incorporate a few simple guidelines.
Put in the time.
According to the American College of Sports Medicine, 150 to 250 minutes per week of moderate-intensity exercise (walking) can result in modest weight loss, but more significant weight loss requires more than 250 minutes. This means that if you truly want to initiate changes in your weight you should commit to at least a 50 minute walk, five days per week. If you are a beginner, do what you can now and work up to this goal. If you put in the time, you will get the results.
Step up the intensity.
Boosting the intensity of your walk will help you burn more calories. Try speed intervals by walking quickly for 60 seconds and recovering at a slower pace for 30 seconds throughout the workout. Take an outdoor route with hills or stairs, or increase the incline on your treadmill. Break up your routine by hiking on the weekends. The hills, elevation, and rough terrain will challenge you to work harder.
It takes time to build your fitness level and to burn the necessary calories for weight loss. With consistent exercise, your body will be able to push harder and longer to boost calorie burn. Going out for a leisurely walk once a week may provide health benefits, but it likely won’t be enough to initiate weight loss. Pick the number of days that you can commit to exercising and stick with it to see results.
Give it purpose.
Use your walk to run errands. A 25-minute brisk walk to and from the post office counts as a workout. Once you get to the mall, walk the halls for 30 minutes before you start shopping. Invite your co-worker to a walking meeting. One study showed that people who walked the dog for just 20 minutes, five days per week lost an average of 14 pounds in a year. When your workout helps you accomplish a task, it is much easier to squeeze it into your day.
Make it fun.
A walk doesn’t have to be a boring stroll from one point to the next. Mix things up by adding strength training circuits. Walk 10 minutes, stop and do 15 squats. Walk 10 more minutes, stop and do 20 calf raises.
Ask friends to join you or reserve your walk for special time with a loved one. The more enjoyable your exercise the more likely your workout will be something you want to do, not something you have to do. | <urn:uuid:62b968c9-4827-4632-ad5e-00d53309010c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://myfooddiary.com/blog/archive/2014/1/22/walking-for-weight-loss | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281746.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00283-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.927209 | 534 | 2.078125 | 2 |
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