text stringlengths 181 608k | id stringlengths 47 47 | dump stringclasses 3 values | url stringlengths 13 2.97k | file_path stringlengths 125 140 | language stringclasses 1 value | language_score float64 0.65 1 | token_count int64 50 138k | score float64 1.5 5 | int_score int64 2 5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
- Conduct of business regulation — Financial stability
The financial market crisis of 2007 was also a crisis of conduct. The events immediately before, during, and after the crisis that stand out, deserve analysis, and indeed, have given rise to some of the most substantial post millennial legal and regulatory changes. This chapter sets the scene, framing the ‘rebuilding trust agenda’ that arose after a plethora of misconduct events — epitomised by the Libor scandal. Using the findings of the Conduct Costs Project, a project of the CCP Research Foundation that collates data on the ‘Conduct Costs’ of twenty of the world’s foremost financial institutions, the chapter highlights the extent to which concerns over a conduct crisis are justified. It concludes by prefacing the issues of sustainability, ethics, standards, accountability, and disclosure that are then taken up in greater detail in later chapters.
Users without a subscription are not able to see the full
to access all content. | <urn:uuid:2b52c6fc-a506-4cd0-b765-c3570e464aec> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://olrl.ouplaw.com/view/10.1093/law/9780198749271.001.0001/law-9780198749271-chapter-11 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00666.warc.gz | en | 0.93433 | 215 | 1.6875 | 2 |
IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE — WATER RIGHTS AND RECLAMATION
GROUND WATER DISTRICTS
42-5269. Dissolution without election — Petition — Conditions. (1) A ground water district may be dissolved without the holding of the election provided for in this chapter upon complaint or petition of parties holding and owning fifty percent (50%) or more, measured on the basis of cubic feet per second, of all the ground water rights within the district.
(2) It must be made to appear to the satisfaction of the court, by such complaint or petition, that any one (1) or more of the following conditions exist in or as to said district:
(a) The district has been abandoned, or for two (2) or more years last past has ceased to function, and there is little or no probability that it ever will or can function in the future;
(b) No useful purpose exists for the further continuance of the organization of the district; or
(c) There are insufficient members to pay for the costs of operating the district.
[42-5269, added 1995, ch. 290, sec. 1, p. 1010.] | <urn:uuid:865be7f3-cc0d-4d8e-99f9-03af12afec1d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://legislature.idaho.gov/statutesrules/idstat/Title42/T42CH52/SECT42-5269/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572870.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817062258-20220817092258-00671.warc.gz | en | 0.925028 | 254 | 1.726563 | 2 |
1. Use a 3 x 5 index card (or a 1/4 sheet of paper). Please draw picture vertically on the index card. Have children draw their own self-portraits. Heads only please. They should write their own name UNDER their picture (Please no names in hair, neck, clothing, or overlapping the portrait).
2. Use only black marker. A Sharpie works well. Please do not use crayons or pencil. If you have the child draw in pencil first, please trace over them with Sharpie and erase pencil marks. This works well for younger grades.
3. For best results, talk to the children about their individual characteristics. Do they have freckles, curly hair, ears, glasses, eyebrows, eyelashes, missing teeth, pig tails, a bow, etc.
4. Determine shirt color and shirt sizes that you need. There is a 15 piece minimum per class. Feel free to use the parent order form to send home to the parents. (See color choices under the "Products" tab).
5. Enclose a check or call with credit card information. Mail your pictures and the completed teacher order form to:
Whitney Daniels Designs
2460 Bengal Blvd.
Salt Lake City, UT 84121
Whitney Daniels Designs • 2460 Bengal Boulevard, Salt Lake City, UT • (801)272-5688 | <urn:uuid:c114b2c8-8834-49c9-aeb1-d0ec27004dba> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.whitneydanielsdesigns.com/self-portrait | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572163.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815085006-20220815115006-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.892023 | 283 | 1.84375 | 2 |
Jeff Cavins, who hosts a talk show on a Catholic radio network, told CBS News Correspondent Vince Gonzales, "My listeners are very upset and I'm hearing a different tone from our listeners. I'm hearing them say 'You know what? That crosses the line.'"
Critics say the document is concerned solely with priests soliciting sex in the confessional.
The document does deal with the confessional, but it goes beyond that to include "the worst crime": sexual acts "perpetrated in any way by the cleric or attempted by him with youths of either sex or with brute animals."
It calls for total secrecy in some cases "under the penalty of excommunication."
Some critics say the 1962 document was no longer in effect, because it was replaced by new church law in 1983.
But according to the Canon Law Society of American, in 1996 Vatican officials broadened the policy and told church lawyers it "should be followed."
In 2001, as the sex abuse scandal unfolded, a high Vatican official referred to the 40-year-old document as the policy "in force until now."
On Wednesday, the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops told CBS News it was in place until last summer, when they met to write new rules.
A spokesman for the bishops says it's a matter of internal church law and sin, not violations of state laws, and that the document was written to investigate priests and protect parishioners.
"To see this as a blueprint for any form of behavior is simply to misunderstand history and to misunderstand the document," the spokesman said.
Critics, including former priest Richard Sipe, disagree.
"The point is it is about sexual abuse and it is about secrecy and it is about very profound secrecy in which any sexual abuse is to be contained," he said. "It's a blueprint for secrecy."
Media outlets in New England first reported the document's existence. Now prosecutors in Massachusetts, and in California, are studying it as part of their investigation of pedophile priests in the Catholic Church. | <urn:uuid:2e8f6e4d-8d68-44d0-b51d-64ada599ce87> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.cbsnews.com/news/catholics-react-to-vatican-edict/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280483.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00299-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.969292 | 419 | 1.601563 | 2 |
By Rev. Jesse L. Jackson, Sr.
Weekly Commentary | Chicago Sun-Times
The silence is deafening.
Last week, the New York Times reported a horrifying measure of America’s shame. Life expectancy for white women without a high school degree had decreased by five years since 1990, according to a study in Health Affairs. Five years. The least-educated white men lost three years in life expectancy. And the life expectancy for American women is now dead last among developed nations, according to the Human Mortality Database.
Life expectancy in many ways is the measure of civilization. It rises as a society conquers deadly epidemics like smallpox or the plague. It rises as mothers giving birth receive adequate health care and nutrition. It rises as children are well-fed and grow up in safe neighborhoods and stable families. It rises as adults earn enough to feed their families and afford health care for them. It rises as seniors gain dignity and adequate care at the end of a life of working. And, of course, it rises as medical science advances.
I remember the shock at the precipitous decline in Russian life expectancy with the collapse of the Soviet Union. Yet in the U.S., this report on our own decline came and went with little notice.
Poverty is at record levels in the U.S. — now more than 48 million people. Wages are falling for working families. Health care, paid sick leave, adequate retirement pensions — all have been cut drastically.
The New York Times, citing an American Cancer Society study, reports that 43 percent of working-age adults with less than a high school diploma now go without health insurance, up from 35 percent in 1993.
In many of our urban areas, junk food abounds, but fresh vegetables and fruit are scarce and expensive. Too many poor children go to schools without playgrounds or gyms. In the ghettos and barrios of despair, drugs and violence threaten lives. But as we’ve seen, the drug epidemic extends even into rural areas scarred by meth addictions.
Life expectancy is a meter of our character, of what kind of society we are.
Yet this subject remains almost invisible on the campaign trail. President Barack Obama has focused his message, sensibly enough, on reviving a broad middle class that has been sinking over the last decades.
Republican Mitt Romney mentions poverty, but his agenda features a war on the poor rather than a war on poverty. He calls for more tax cuts for the wealthy and corporations, paid for by deep and harsh cuts in programs for the vulnerable — Medicaid, Medicare, aid to poor schools, child nutrition, Head Start, home heating assistance, affordable housing and more. His harsh view of the “47 percent” as “victims” who can’t take responsibility for their lives essentially writes them off his radar screen.
The contrast with our great leaders is stark. Franklin Roosevelt summoned Americans to build an economic bill of rights that would seek to ensure good jobs, health care and retirement security to all willing and able to work. Lyndon Johnson’s War on Poverty succeeded in reducing childhood poverty before it was lost in the jungles of Vietnam. The Rev. Martin Luther King Jr.’s March on Washington sought to rally the country to address the plight of the poor.
In the presidential debates, we’re likely to see a lot of “gotcha questions” and sound-bite answers. But surely some focus should be on the spread of poverty and the shocking decline in life expectancy.
Jesus said our character is measured by how we treat the least of these. The debates should probe how the candidates will deal with the most vulnerable among us. | <urn:uuid:b7ce37c7-805a-4fa1-bdbc-7ae18ddfb6eb> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.rainbowpush.org/commentaries/single/a_shocking_silence_on_lives_cut_short | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279933.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00118-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.959665 | 764 | 2.109375 | 2 |
Climate change 'to hit animals'
A third of common land animals could see dramatic losses this century because of climate change, scientists predict.
More than half of plants could be hit the same way as habitats become unsuitable for numerous species.
The collapse of ecosystems would have major economic impacts on agriculture, air quality, clean water access, and tourism.
Global temperatures are set to rise 4C above pre-industrial levels by 2100 if nothing is done to stem greenhouse gas emissions. This could have a hugely destructive effect on thousands of common as well as rare and endangered species around the world, according to the researchers. An estimated 57% of plants and 34% of animals were likely to lose half or more of their habitat range.
But the damage would be greatly reduced if emissions were scaled down in time, the study shows. Losses are reduced by 60% if global warming is cut to 2% above pre-industrial levels, with emissions peaking in 2016 and then being reduced by 5% a year. If emissions peak in 2030, losses are reduced by 40%.
Lead scientist Dr Rachel Warren, from the University of East Anglia's School of Environmental Science, said: "While there has been much research on the effect of climate change on rare and endangered species, little has been known about how an increase in global temperature will affect more common species. This broader issue of potential range loss in widespread species is a serious concern as even small declines in these species can significantly disrupt ecosystems.
"Our research predicts that climate change will greatly reduce the diversity of even very common species found in most parts of the world. This loss of global-scale biodiversity would significantly impoverish the biosphere and the ecosystem services it provides.
"We looked at the effect of rising global temperatures, but other symptoms of climate change such as extreme weather events, pests, and diseases mean that our estimates are probably conservative. Animals in particular may decline more as our predictions will be compounded by a loss of food from plants. There will also be a knock-on effect for humans because these species are important for things like water and air purification, flood control, nutrient cycling, and eco-tourism."
The findings, published in the journal Nature Climate Change, are based on information from a biodiversity database listing 48,786 animal and plant species and computer-run climate simulations. Reptiles and amphibians were especially sensitive to changes in the environments where they lived, the study showed.
The largest numbers of plants and animals were likely to be lost from sub-Saharan Africa, Central America, Amazonia and Australia. Major losses of plant species were also predicted for North Africa, Central Asia and south-eastern Europe. A small proportion of species - 4% of animals and no plants - were expected to benefit from climate change by increasing their habitat ranges by more than 50%. | <urn:uuid:67034040-5f2b-4f8d-9192-888ccb793de1> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/world-news/climate-change-to-hit-animals-29260625.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719843.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00293-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.965929 | 577 | 3.703125 | 4 |
Hay fever or allergic rhinitis is an inflammation that occurs in the nasal cavity due to an allergic reaction. Allergic rhinitis can be triggered by various types of allergens, for example pollen, dust, or animal fur.
Allergic rhinitis is caused by an allergic reaction. The condition causes several symptoms, such as sneezing, itchy nose, and clogged. In addition, allergic rhinitis can also cause the appearance of rashes on the skin, red and watery eyes, as well as sore throats.
Allergic rhinitis can be prevented by avoiding exposure to triggering factors, such as dust or pollen. If symptoms of allergic rhinitis arise, the doctor can give antihistamines and decongestant drugs to relieve them.
Allergic Rhinitis Causes
The cause is an allergic process, when hypersensitivity occurs from immune cells when a foreign substance or particle enters the body. The formed immune cells consider the object to be a foreign body that must be removed, resulting in local and systemic inflammatory reactions.
The substance is called an allergen, which is something that triggers allergies. When a person with allergic rhinitis breathes in allergens such as pollen, fungi, animal fur, or dust, the body releases chemicals that cause allergy symptoms.
Allergic Rhinitis Symptoms
Symptoms that arise from allergic rhinitis when exposed to allergens are the nose, eyes, throat, itchy skin. Then there can appear smelling disorders, runny nose, sneezing, watery eyes, nasal congestion, coughing, tired body, headaches, and swelling around the eyes.
Allergic Rhinitis Complications
In certain cases, allergic rhinitis can trigger the occurrence of complications, including:
- Nasal polyps, fluid-filled sacs formed inside the nasal cavity and sinuses due to inflammation of the lining of the nasal cavity wall
- Sinusitis, an infection that occurs because the fluid cannot flow from the sinuses is caused by inflammation and swelling of the nasal cavity
- Infection of the middle ear, an infection that occurs on the back of the eardrum
Usually all three of the above conditions can be treated with drugs. In severe or prolonged cases, surgery is required.
Allergic Rhinitis Diagnosis
Generally, the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis is confirmed through a physical examination. In addition, the doctor will also collect information about the symptoms that appear, daily activities, and environmental conditions. If the doctor had been able to confirm the diagnosis and the patient does not experience complications, then a laboratory examination is not required.
You will need further examination if:
- Want to know for sure which allergens trigger your allergic rhinitis so that steps can be taken to avoid it
- The treatment that has been done is not effective
- You’re experiencing enough severe symptoms
- You want to undergo immunotherapy treatments, such as anti-allergy injections
Follow-up examinations that will be done by the doctor include:
- Skin test. The test is done by inserting a needle that has been given a certain allergen to the skin to find out the reaction.
- Blood test. To find out the levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies that the body produces in reaction to certain allergens.
Both types of examination will help the doctor to ascertain whether allergic rhinitis is causing you to experience symptoms as well as to determine the appropriate treatment. Examinations can also be used to check for possible complications, such as sinusitis or asthma.
Another examination for allergies.
Generally, ongoing checks do not need to be carried out. However, the doctor may advise you to ensure that the symptoms are not caused by other diseases. The checks in question are:
- Imagery tests, such as X-rays, CT scans, and MRIs. This examination will show if you have a sinus infection, chronic sinus lining inflammation, abnormal shape of the nasal structure, or cancer.
- Rhinoscopy or nasal endoscopy. Examinations are carried out to identify nasal polyps or anything else that clogs the nasal cavity.
- Checking mucociliary clearance time. An examination is carried out to find cilia (fine hair) that grow abnormally in the nasal cavity. Some rare diseases can cause problems in cilia, resulting in the production of excess fluid.
Last Updated on February 12, 2022 Reviewed by Market Health Beauty Team | <urn:uuid:006399f2-7ad6-4bd2-aa0c-4097be4c2854> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://markethealthbeauty.com/allergic-rhinitis/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00669.warc.gz | en | 0.930719 | 930 | 4.09375 | 4 |
The Eternal Allure of Gambling
I just spent three days in the land of milk and money - Las Vegas. There is something refreshingly honest about the place: it's all about money and it knows it. It doesn't pretend to be anything else.
No doubt some of the architects think that their work has some importance of its own: the re-creations of Venice, Camelot, Paris, Egypt, and New York. Battling pirate ships and erupting volcanoes aside, once you enter the themed palaces, they are all the same: crap tables, blackjack tables, roulette wheels, and thousands upon thousands of slot machines - all promising to give you a fun time while you lose your money in the pursuit of a possible fortune.
The lure of gambling has existed throughout recorded history but has never gripped the millions who now participate. We play state-sponsored lotteries, visit tribal and other legal casinos, create special accounts for Internet gaming, bet the horses, bet the dogs, bet on sports, fights, anything where we can catch the excitement of beating the odds.
Moralists worry that a large percentage of those who risk their money, are those who cannot afford to risk anything: the poor, the unemployed, the minimum wage fringe who, at the best of times, barely hang on to the basement rung of the economic ladder. They argue that gambling should be a pleasant pursuit for those who can afford to lose a reasonable amount, using the money they have earned for purchasing excitement, entertainment, and momentary escape.
Who's kidding who?
For the middle class gamblers who bet on the super bowl, the derby, the occasional lottery ticket, or visit the casinos once or twice a year, gambling is a diversion, a fun time, a little bit of excitement sandwiched between the realities of career advancement, building a nest egg, raising children, and doing their civic duties. The thrill of a potential win is the lure of proving their ability to compete, to come out on top, to better their opponents, the pros, the odds, the morning line. It is a personal challenge that can boost their self-confidence when they win but has few negative effects when they lose because their real self-image relates to the important aspects of their lives, separate from their gaming ventures.
It is those who cannot afford to lose who become addicted to the lure of chance. Stuck in minimum wage employment, without the education, the skills, or the entrepreneurial savvy to work their way up the social and economic pyramid, they see gambling as the promise of a permanent way out, a tsunami that can sweep them instantaneously to the top, an overnight millionaire. A lottery ticket, a slot machine, a pick 6 wager, plays no favorites. The poor, the homeless, the forgotten, the have-nots, all compete with the rich and famous on an equal footing. They become hooked on continued gaming because it is the only chance of reaching the lifestyle they want to achieve.
A successful businessman wins a quarter of a million dollars and it is nice: a bonus, a chance to splurge on new toys, the opportunity to retire outstanding debts, or expand their company with a welcome infusion of capital.
A working-class-stiff wins a quarter of a million dollars and it is truly life-changing. A janitor, a gardener, a fast food worker, a guard - with a windfall like that, they can turn their back on the roach-infested slum apartment and move to a better neighborhood or buy a small house and a new car. They can quit their hated job, help their families, participate in the good life they have only previously experienced as outsiders, looking in.
The problem is that it is non-sustainable. Winning what seems like an enormous amount of money seldom leads to rational investment: education, skill upgrades, saving for future college costs or business opportunities. Moving from nothing to something, in an instant, is not an event likely to produce rational planning. For those whose monetary and emotional needs have never been truly met, immediate gratification is the direction of choice. A lifetime of denial demands a certain degree of self-indulgence when the means for it become miraculously available.
Is it any wonder that a large percentage of lottery winners file bankruptcy within five years of their win? The moves, the changes, the life enhancements that substantial wins provide are ephemeral.
In the short run, they provide an exciting exit from a black tunnel. In the long run, such a win turns negative - because the dream has become a reality, even if only for a brief moment, returning to prior levels of existence becomes an even more painful form of imprisonment.
The need to recapture that dream, and perhaps maintain it this time if a mega-million prize can be snatched, keeps the gambling industry thriving and the promises of dream fulfillment entice us all, most especially the poor, into one more venture, one more ticket, one more chance.
Virginia Bola is a licensed clinical psychologist with deep interests in Social Psychology and politics. She has performed therapeutic services for more than 20 years and has studied the effects of cultural forces and employment on the individual. The author of an interactive workbook, The Wolf at the Door: An Unemployment Survival Manual, and a monthly ezine, The Worker's Edge, she can be reached at http://drvirginiabola.blogspot.com
The Secret of Put Bets
Why No-Limit Poker is Better Than Limit
If you are a tight-aggressive player, you need to consider playing No-Limit Hold 'em if you aren't already. With proper play, not only can you expect to increase your hourly win rate, but you can make it much more difficult for your opponents to draw out on you.
5s in Blackjack
Counting cards in blackjack is a way to increase your chances of winning. If you're good at it, you can actually take the odds and put them in your favor.
2005 World Series of Poker -- Mid Tournament Report
The 2005 World Series of Poker started its 36th year bigger and better than ever at the RIO! Hotel and Casino in Las Vegas, Nevada. At the mid point of the tournament series, Events #1 through #22 have been completed.
Playing Live Casino Poker for the First Time - What You Should Know!
The type of game and the stakes you are going to play for are the two first decisions you have to make before entering a live casino poker game.The minimum buy-ins in most live poker rooms are ten times the minimum bet, but a general rule of thumb is to never bring less than forty times the minimum bet to the table.
Tips & Strategies for Slot Players
1. Always play with money you can afford to lose.
The Joys Of Playing Internet Poker
I started playing poker on the internet about six months ago and I must say I absolutely love it.I had had no real interest in poker until I watched it at a friends house on satellite TV.
The Bingo Renaissance
Little old ladies in slippers, playing for pennies and cents in a converted community hall is no longer the reality of bingo. The game has in recent years and now more than ever undergone a rebirth in its popularity and status and now looks set to boom in the coming years.
Becoming a Consistent Winner at Online Low-Limit Texas Hold Em
Start with LIMIT Texas Hold 'EmBoth limit and no-limit Texas Hold 'Em are wonderful games. Each game provides unique opportunities in nearly every single hand and subtle complexities that can take more than a lifetime to master.
Slot Machine Basics 101
Let's begin with a little bit of basic knowledge about slot machines.Modern Slot Machines work on a computer program that randomly selects winning combinations.
FAST Roulette System: New, Unconventional , Latest Breakthrough in Roulette System
This article is going to show you a new, unconventional , latest breakthrough in roulette system.The creator is a real genius.
Dice Games 101
Dice games are the oldest and one of the simplest games that perhaps suit all ages. The dice games involved in gambling are one of the most exciting and popular ones.
No Deposit Online Casino Bonus is for Lucky and Wise Only - The Myth of Free Money
No deposit bonuses are very popular, especially among "not-so-wealthy" online casino players who want to play but are not so eager to give out money.Although giving away free money doesn't seem to be a very wise thing to do (average no deposit bonus is around $10), thousands of online casinos are doing it and most of them are very happy about it too.
Texas Hold em Poker Basics
Texas Hold em Poker (also know as Holdem Poker) is a card game which you'll take a few minutes to learn but many years to master. As a beginner you'll want to learn the Texas Hold em Poker basics - the rules, hands rankings and types of texas hold em poker.
Basic Jacks or Better Video Poker Strategy
Video Poker is a game of skill - and using the simple combination of playing strategy and mathematical know-how, can be beat. Take note of the "pay schedule" shown on the front of each machine, and look particularly at the most important information - how much the machine will pay out for a Full-House versus a Flush.
Roulette System: How you can win Roulette easily and automatically
In this article, we will discuss on "A personal interview with the FAST Roulette System's creator, Raymond Lai."Q: Hi Raymond, thanks for joining us in this interview.
Roulette System: 5 Biggest Gambling Mistakes You Should Avoid
In this article I'd like to share with you the 5 biggestgambling mistakes of most average gamblers. Las Vegas thrives on people making these mistakesand makes more money this way.
Take Your Online Poker Game to the Next Level
Playing Poker online can be quite satisfying, and financially rewarding, if one uses the best possible online poker strategies. Some online poker players simply rush into games and hands without thinking about their options.
There Is No Such Thing As The Gambling Olympics!
I often become bewildered when I hear of people bragging, because they have high strike rates and/or high profit-on-turnover figures (POT). You know the 'my strike rate on the Soccer is 73%' or 'my POT on the gallops is 90%'.
Evaluating Starting Hands In No-Limit Holdem Tournaments
There are three main factors that influence how you should play your hole cards in No-Limit Hold'em Tournaments. They are: your position, the size of your chip stack, and the size of the blinds. | <urn:uuid:174e8836-7b85-4af3-9ad2-d4f5576e7014> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.boxingscene.com/casino-gambling/36610.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279189.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00055-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.945138 | 2,229 | 1.65625 | 2 |
Intra-uterine devices, or IUDs, have been slow to shed their stigma after faulty models in the 1970s and 1980s led to massive lawsuits. Today, fewer than 10 percent of women on contraceptives use them. Now, New York is part of a concerted effort to increase access to IUDs, especially among poor women.
Since 2010, Bellevue Hospital has given away nearly 1,000 IUDs at childbirth. Many women receiving them have been on Medicaid, but until recently Medicaid insisted doctors and midwives implant IUDs in an outpatient setting — and it refused to pay for them in the Bellevue delivery room.
IUDs are a cheap form of contraception over time because they last for years, but the upfront costs are high. Most places would not give away a $300 device that would not be reimbursed, but the city hospital system, which operates Bellevue, felt childbirth presents such a unique and important moment for family planning, it was worth taking the loss.
“We want to insure that our patients obtain the best care and receive all options for birth control, when they’re here with us,” said Dr. Amita Murthy, the director of Reproductive Choice at Bellevue and a professor at NYU medical school. “So, we have been eating that cost.”
Now, they won’t have to.
Last week, New York's Medicaid system cut the red tape and agreed to pay for IUDs in the labor and delivery ward, not just at other times in a woman's life.
That means a lot more women will have access to an IUD, according to Joan Malin, President of Planned Parenthood of New York.
“Making it available through this revised Medicaid policy is great, because it reduces the cost issues,” Malin said.“ It makes it so a woman does not have to come up for a follow-up visit and more care. It just takes care of it all at one time.”
But the window of opportunity is short. Doctors or midwives need to either implant IUDs within ten minutes of delivering the placenta, or wait for several weeks.
Dr. Murthy said that given the sensitivity of doing another procedure right after childbirth, it is crucial to have the family planning discussion well before delivery day. During that conversation, Dr. Murthy gives a patient all the options, and if the patient decides she wants an IUD after childbirth, she signs a consent form to authorize it. Then, when the patient comes to the hospital for her delivery, among the many part of her labor assessment is reconfirming her wish for the IUD.
“Some patients change their mind,” Dr. Murthy said. “Most don’t.”
Dr. Arthur Caplan, Director of Medical Ethics at NYU, agreed it is imperative to discuss IUDs far in advance, when patients are clear-headed. But he said it is also important for policy-makers to insure the IUD option is not just something for Medicaid, given what he said is a long history of the government pressuring poor women to have fewer babies.
“If it’s just one group of Medicaid recipients, and they’re the only ones for whom a program has developed, it just looks prejudiced against that group,” he said. “I think it’s something that you do your best to encourage the private sector, the insurance market that they do the same thing.” | <urn:uuid:f8e83e3d-8803-4819-bce8-a90321bc1b4a> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.wnyc.org/story/ny-medicaid-cuts-red-tape-expands-contraception-coverage/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719453.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00230-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961807 | 735 | 2.25 | 2 |
The Sept. 11 attacks increased, rather than decreased, Americans’ expressed satisfaction with the way things are going in the country — one of the most intriguing public opinion shifts of 2001. Gallup’s December reading on satisfaction, at 70%, is the highest since February 1999. The October and November satisfaction ratings were 67% and 65%, respectively. This satisfaction rating averaged just 50% in nine readings in 2001 before Sept. 11.
The American public has evidenced resilience across a variety of other measures as well. About six in 10 Americans are “extremely” or “very” confident that the
American way of life will be preserved in the future. | <urn:uuid:65173004-6eb1-4ea9-9f40-2bba566496a8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.davidgagne.net/2002/01/02/america-the-beautiful/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00478.warc.gz | en | 0.968989 | 135 | 1.828125 | 2 |
Luteolin, a testosterone booster from parsley
Luteolin, a flavonoid in parsley and cellery, may increase testosterone production by the testes. Canadian chemists at Moncton University have published an in vitro study in Cell Biology and Toxicology that is of particular interest to the supplement industry.
The Canadians exposed MA-10 testes to various flavonoids in test tubes, and then measured their effect on steroid hormone production. The most promising of these was luteolin, a flavonoid similar to quercetin. Therefore, in this post, we will not consider the other flavonoids studied.
And before you ask: luteolin did not damage the cells.
The researchers combined luteolin with forskolin [FSK]. Forskoline mimics the effect of steering hormones like LH, which under normal circumstances stimulate the testes to produce testosterone.
More than the other flavonoids, luteolin increased the production of progesterone in the testes. In the biosynthesis of testosterone, progesterone is a precursor to testosterone. If you want to know more about this, you can take a look at our good old Anabolics Book.
You can see above how luteolin increases the production of testosterone. Luteoline activates the StAR protein, which plays a key role in the conversion of cholesterol into steroid hormones.
"Luteolin effectively increased cAMP-dependent accumulation of progesterone from MA-10 Leydig cells, possibly through activation of Star [...]", the researchers conclude. "Thus, dietary luteolin could be potentially effective to maintain steroidogenesis within aging males."
"However, although there is a correlation between increased StAR [...] and stimulation of steroidogenesis within testicular Leydig cells, more research will be required to clearly define the regulatory mechanism of luteolin on testosterone synthesis."
Luteolin could be an interesting ingredient for testosterone boosters for yet another reason. According to in vitro studies and animal studies, luteolin is also an anti-estrogen...
Cell Biol Toxicol. 2018;34(1):23-38.
Luteolin-6-neohesperidoside, the stamina factor in moso bamboo 03.02.2018
Animal study: luteolin lowers estradiol level 04.09.2015
Luteolin, the anti-oestrogen in celery 20.08.2013 | <urn:uuid:a2ccd80d-a357-45f7-a554-4acfdd994c90> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ergo-log.com/luteolin-testosterone.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571198.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810161541-20220810191541-00269.warc.gz | en | 0.869263 | 529 | 2.078125 | 2 |
The Newborn and Neonatal Care Department receives and treats all newborns and premature infants at Hillel Yaffe Medical Center. Newborns or premature infants in distress are cared for by a skilled neonatologist. Most infants are healthy and treated in the unit for healthy newborns.
The department is made up of two units:
- The unit that cares for healthy newborns.
- The unit that cares for premature and sick newborns.
The Newborn Unit
Once born, newborns are admitted to the newborn unit for 48 hours, where they will receive comprehensive and dedicated care by the nursing staff. All newborns undergo an initial examination by the department nurse. Once stabilized, they receive a Hepatitis B immunization, a vitamin K injection to improve blood clotting and an antibiotic eye cream. These treatments are mandated by the Ministry of Health. If you do not want any of these treatments, or if you want only some of these treatments, you can request this from the staff. Newborns are then examined by a pediatrician to ensure that that their other systems are functioning normally. If you wish to remain with your baby, your child will be treated in the rooming-in unit of the maternity wing. Removal of newborns from the neonatal unit is based on the hour of the rounds and nursing, based on the schedule established by the department.
Training, Guidance and Advice
Unit nurses instruct mothers on nursing and on initial care of newborns. This instruction is provided in the neonatal unit. We also instruct any mother who wishes to be instructed at her bedside.
In the nursing room, groups of mothers are instructed on nursing by a skilled nurse. This instruction includes a film with visual instruction on nursing positions, instructions on how to overcome common nursing difficulties, proper nursing techniques, etc.
New mothers who encounter nursing difficulties receive individual help and support from newborn unit nurses whenever necessary and by request. In addition, individual instruction is given for bathing and diapering newborns, etc.
A pediatrician is permanently staffed in the department in the morning and an on-call pediatrician is available in the Newborn and Neonatal Department during the day. Pediatricians can be called to the Newborn Department for any medical issue that arises.
During their stay in the department, mothers can receive detailed information with recommendations for primary care.
Discharge from the Hospital
On the day parents and babies are discharged from the hospital, we ask that they prepare for the baby's discharge from the department. In the winter, we ask that they bring two undershirts, two flannel/fleece pants, onesies or overalls, a hat and blanket. In the summer, we ask that they bring an undershirt and cotton/tricot pants, a onesie, hat and thin blanket. A car seat must be brought on the day of discharge.
On the day of discharge, the baby will be examined by a pediatrician in the presence of the parents, who can consult the pediatrician with any question about infant care. If necessary, the pediatrician will refer parents for follow-up care or treatment in the community clinics.
From 11:00 a.m. on the day of discharge, and after administrative matters have been completed, parents will receive detailed instruction by the department nurse, who will help them dress their infants and properly seat them in the car seat prior to discharge.
The Neonatal Care Department
Every premature baby or infant who suffers from any health problem is sent to the neonatal unit for close care and supervision. The unit is equipped with state-of-the-art incubators and equipment to closely monitor the infant's vital signs.
The unit is staffed by skilled nurses and doctors who provide comprehensive treatment and deal with all difficulties involved in the care of premature infants and in newborns suffering from various illnesses.
Infants in the neonatal department cannot be nursed in the nursing room in the newborn department, but parents can visit the baby 24/7.
Once an infant is admitted to the neonatal unit and primary care has been administered, the infant's parents can receive complete information from the department staff. If the mother is unable to arrive in the department to obtain this information, the staff will update the mother in her own room.
Throughout hospitalization, parents are invited to obtain information, instruction and updates from the staff. If babies remain hospitalized in the neonatal unit after the mother has been released from the maternity ward, the parents can visit their infant at any time. The parents' room in the unit can be used to sleep and rest.
Prior to the infant's discharge, parents are instructed on feeding, dressing and bathing the child as well as preparing the home to receive the infant. | <urn:uuid:66d9c0b7-2e49-46d3-ad0b-4396a75e70fd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://hy.health.gov.il/eng/?CategoryID=219&dbsRW=1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00678.warc.gz | en | 0.955072 | 973 | 2.125 | 2 |
The story of the Windmill begins soon after Clark Mills designed the popular Optimist Pram. In response to a demand for a boat to bridge the gap between the Pram and the Olympic racing classes, Mills designed the Windmill in 1953. She was conceived as a performance boat that could be constructed very inexpensively by amateur builders, such as a father and son project, without professional tools. The result was a lightweight displacement planing hull, a novelty at the time, coupled with a high aspect ratio daggerboard, that performed beyond the designer's goals. Its appeal soon spread from Florida and by the mid-60's over 500 'Mills were sailing in 42 states, Canada, and Finland.
There were doubters of this upstart boat which claimed high-performance from home construction, especially one that did not have a spinnaker or trapeze. These doubts were well dispelled in 1963, when Yachting magazine sponsored a One-of-a-Kind regatta in which every one-design class was invited to compete under a simple handicap formula covering length, sail area, etc. Held in Miami in 26 plus knot winds, 'Mill skipper Dave Posey finished 3rd in the non-trapeze center-board class, bested only by the 3-man Thistle and Olympic Finn!
In 1966 the event was repeated, this time Ron Krippendorf finished 1st over 32 other one-design boats in the non-spinnaker class. The 'Mill had come of age-but the best was yet to come.
To the surprise of many, (because the 'Mill has no foredeck), she is an outstanding specialist in heavy weather sailing. This fact was brought forcefully home in 1967, when Yachting sponsored the Heavy Weather One-of-a-Kind Regatta on San Francisco Bay. The ground rule was no racing unless the wind was at least 25 knots. Incredibly, in winds gusting to 40 knots, the Windmill, skillfully skippered by Ray Drew, slogged through high seas, dodging capsized and dismasted competitors, and won the regatta!
Just to prove this was no fluke, Denis Fontaine again topped the best centerboard, non-trapeze contestants to take another first in the 1977 One-of-a-Kind Regatta.
The last two times the Windmill was raced in this regatta, Dave Ellis finished third in 1982 and fourth in 1985, in a now 30 year old design, proving that three decades had not diminished this fast sloop's reputation. Some would argue the fastest one-design for the price and a boat that is really fun to sail. There is no argument that she is the only high-performance one-design that can be home-built.
With a sharp forebody and an after planning section, the boat goes on a plane in about a ten knot breeze. Only those who have experienced the exhilaration of a screaming plane can truly understand the expression. Windmill sailors understand!
Thus from her introduction by a thoughtful designer bent on capturing the interest and enthusiasm of young sailors, the Windmill has grown to be accepted by sailors of all ages as an exciting boat, equally desirable for inland or coastal sailing in light or heavy winds. | <urn:uuid:ebe4a2ef-af15-46ef-9b53-5e0612775f48> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://windmillclass.com/static/history.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00269.warc.gz | en | 0.971943 | 670 | 2.265625 | 2 |
How prepared are you? According to studies only 10 percent of Americans are prepared for a natural disaster. More frightening, there are on average 50 natural disaster across the country each year. Whether it’s an earthquake, tornado, or flood you should be prepared. Below is Movoto’s guide on how to survive in your home during an emergency.
The Movoto blog is a service of Movoto Real Estate. If you’re looking for a new home, keep us in mind. We have up-to-date real estate listings and local agents throughout the country. When you want to take a break from browsing homes, you can keep coming back to read awesome blog posts like this one. | <urn:uuid:8627a583-d71a-4015-a367-4703257ba942> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.movoto.com/blog/real-estate-tips/how-to-survive-in-your-home-during-an-emergency/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280891.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00152-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.942593 | 144 | 1.664063 | 2 |
After returning from Puerto Rico, Martin garnered the position of acting Assistant Professor in biology with the Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University. There Martin began his work with trace metals in the ocean, which would come to dominate his career. In the early 1970s, oceanographers held fast to the idea that phosphorus and nitrogen were the only nutrients vital in determining the distribution of the worlds algae populations. They believed that the higher the levels of these non-metallic elements became, the more phytoplankton would grow and the greater the populations of zooplankton and fish would be.
Martin, however, saw this explanation as too simplistic. He wondered what role trace metals such as iron or zinc played in the growth of algae and zooplankton. After all, most land-based life forms, including humans, cannot survive without such metals in their diet. At Hopkins, Martin labored to document the amount of trace metals in zooplankton and phytoplankton specimens. He found that the most common types of plankton contained a regular number of trace metals in their chemical make-up such as zinc, iron, and copper.
Martin pursued his research at the Moss Landing Marine Laboratories where he took the position of Assistant Professor in 1972. By the time he got to Moss Landing he was an expert in trace metals in plankton, says Kenneth Coale, a colleague of Martin and the acting director of Moss Landing. Now that Martin knew what trace metals were in phytoplankton, the next step was to determine the general distribution of these metals in the ocean.
Martin had his work cut out for him. Very few researchers had gone to the trouble of measuring trace metals in seawater samples, and the readings they had taken were likely flawed. The problem with earlier studies on trace metals, Martin realized, was contamination. The iron hull of a ship will raise iron levels in a sample of water by more than 100 times, making it difficult to measure the natural iron levels. Copper tubing or leaded glass test tubes have the same effect on measurements of copper or lead in seawater samples.
He corresponded with Claire Patterson, a geologist at the California Institute of Technology famous for uncovering the age of the Earth by analyzing lead samples in ancient meteorites. Patterson was also one of the few people to successfully isolate trace metals in water. Under Martins direction, Moss Landing began applying Pattersons techniques in their laboratories. As it turned out, the answer lay in one wordplastics. The Moss Landing group rid the lab of all metals that could contaminate a sample of ocean water. They threw out their glass and steel funnels and test tubes and replaced them with Teflon and plastic ones. Copper and glass tubing was replaced by plastic tubing. Everyone there became an expert at welding plastic, says Coale.
When the researchers at Moss Landing ran tests for trace metals in the newly renovated lab, they found that metal concentrations in the ocean were orders of magnitude lower than previously thought. Iron concentrations alone were thousands of times less than any measurement taken in the past. At the same time the researchers tested for trace metals that had never been documented, such as zinc, cobalt, and manganese. They found nearly an entire periodic table in the oceans.
A slew of discoveries followed their cataloging effort. Among these was the realization that trace amounts of copper and zinc actually decrease measurements of algae growth in seawater. This news did not go over well with the science community at first. Essentially the Moss Landing researchers were telling many oceanographers that the measurements on phytoplankton growth they had taken over the years may have been incorrect. But Martin enjoyed these kinds of reactions. He liked to see himself as the underdog, says Coale. His results were eventually accepted. | <urn:uuid:8a18f452-4df9-4d5d-97b8-c19393c0f3c1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/Martin/martin_3.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00475.warc.gz | en | 0.978091 | 781 | 3.609375 | 4 |
Expertly researched and created in partnership with the U.S. Forest Service and others, National Geographic’s Trails Illustrated map of Yuba and American Rivers region of Tahoe National Forest provides an unparalleled tool for exploring this historically significant region of the Sierras. Whatever the season, you’ll find this map a useful tool in pursuing a host of recreational activities from skiing and snowmobiling to camping and boating. The map features many key points of interest, including French Meadows and New Bullards Bar Reservoirs, Granite Chief Wilderness, South Yuba River Recreation Area, Malakoff Diggins State Historic Park, Donner Memorial State Park and the western rim of the Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit. The Tahoe National Forest West map can guide you off the beaten path and back again with miles of clearly marked trails including portions of the Pacific Crest, Pioneer, and Tahoe Rim trails. To help you choose the path that’s right for you, trails are color coded according to the designated usage and mileage between intersections is indicated. The Yuba Donner scenic byways is noted for those wishing to take in the scenery by car. Many recreation features are noted as well, including ski areas, campgrounds, trailheads, wildlife viewing areas, boat launches, and swimming and fishing areas. The map base includes contour lines and elevations for summits, passes and many lakes. Other features found on this map include: Donner Pass, Eldorado National Forest, Granite Chief Wilderness, Mosquito Ridge, Plumas National Forest, Sawtooth Ridge, Tahoe National Forest, Truckee.
Price: $ 11.99 USD
Vendor: National Geographic
Category: Parks & Forests
Activities: Hiking, Camping, Fishing, Skiing, Snowmobiling
Size: 127.9 MB
Maps purchased here can only be viewed in the Avenza Maps app on iOS and Android.
Get the app. Get the map. ® | <urn:uuid:6d99a9e9-935f-4095-9048-e717a4b6fafd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.avenzamaps.com/maps/359337?utm_source=qr_code | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00666.warc.gz | en | 0.913402 | 420 | 2.0625 | 2 |
Research Findings on Reiki
Research shows a mixed response to Reiki therapy. While, some studies show a benefit, others have demonstrated that it is ineffective and time-consuming. Below is a brief review of some of the research studies.
Reiki is a practice that is requested with increasing frequency, is easy to learn, does not require expensive equipment, and in preliminary research, elicits a relaxation response and helps patients to feel more peaceful and experience less pain in patients with conditions like cancer.1 A study by Tsang et al. has shown significant decreases in tiredness, pain and anxiety in cancer patients.2
Reiki has been shown to be beneficial in conditions like Alzheimer’s disease. Therapeutic touch might be helpful in dealing with agitated behaviors by people with dementia according to Hawranik et al.3 Crawford et al. also demonstrate that Reiki treatments show promise for improving certain behavior and memory problems in patients with mild cognitive impairment or mild Alzheimer’s disease. Caregivers can administer Reiki at little or no cost, resulting in significant societal value by potentially reducing the needs for medication and hospitalization.4
A pilot study has been conducted to compare reports of pain and levels of anxiety states in two groups of women after abdominal hysterectomy, in which one group received traditional nursing care plus three 30-min sessions of Reiki, while the other received traditional nursing care. The results of the study have indicated that the group, which received Reiki sessions reported less pain and requested fewer analgesics than the control group. This group also reported less state anxiety than the control group on discharge at 72 h postoperation.5
While the above-discussed studies show a positive effect of Reiki, there are several studies, which contradict these effects. Lee et al. conducted a systematic review of 203 studies on the effects of Reiki. They opine that the trial data for any one condition are scarce and independent replications are not available for each condition. Most trials suffered from methodological flaws such as small sample size, inadequate study design and poor reporting. According to them, the evidence is insufficient to suggest that Reiki is an effective treatment for any condition.6 Sharma et al. opine that Reiki is a time consuming process with no significant clinical benefits.7
Points to Consider About Reiki Therapy
It is important to keep the following points in mind while considering Reiki therapy.
- Reiki should not be used as a replacement for conventional care.
- The time to consult a doctor about a medical problem should not be delayed.
- Health care providers should be informed about any complementary and alternative practices used.
- It is good to know about the Reiki practitioner’s training and experience.
- Checking on the cost of treatment is essential, since these could vary from fees to no charge at all.
- Reiki has not been well studied scientifically, but there are some research studies published on its use for various health conditions.
Written by: Healthplus24 team
Date last updated: August 26, 2013 | <urn:uuid:88f231ac-2b8e-427c-bb54-8a4d5e16a271> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.healthplus24.com/alternative-medicine/reiki/research-findings-on-reiki.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00439-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.949988 | 625 | 2.296875 | 2 |
It took less than a year and a half, but Israel has backed down from its position of refusing to submit its neck for the certain sharpened knife to fall: the Jewish State announced through its prime minister that it will appear before the United Nations Human Rights Council and will allow that much- and justly-maligned body pronounce on its human rights record as part of the Universal Periodic Review for all member nations.
The UPR was created by the same UN General Assembly resolution in March, 2006, which created the Human Rights Council. Through the UPR, each member state declares what actions they have taken to improve the human rights situations in their own countries, and how they fulfil their human rights obligations. Of course, as far as the UN HRC and most of its member states is concerned, the process is designed to “ensure equal treatment for every country when their human rights situations are assessed.”
Except, of course, when it comes to Israel.
In March, 2012, Israel withdrew its participation from the UN Human Rights Council’s periodic review of human rights records of member states because it had habitually been singled out for unfair and utterly unbalanced review of its behavior, while its enemies have been treated with kid gloves despite years of relentless state-sponsored and state-supported terrorism against the Jewish State.
But after repeated public and relentless behind the scenes pressure, the boycott has ended.
That pressure included haranguing, vengeful floor statements at a meeting of the HRC on June 7, 2013, by representatives of many members states, including that of the United States, that Israel must cooperate with the Universal Periodic Review mechanism. There have also been reports of extra-body communications, such as a strongly worded communique directly from Germany warning of a dire diplomatic backlash unless Israel return to the fold.
And so, Israel indeed folded.
The statements by members at that June 7 meeting were remarkable given the human rights violators who had the temerity to insist that Israel bow its head before the HRC.
First, in an official statement, “Palestine” said it appreciated the efforts of the president of the HRC to “protect the Universal Periodic Review mechanism and the integrity of the Human Rights Council in the face of the unprecedented non-cooperation and non-compliance of Israel.” Palestine urged Israel to cooperate with the Human Rights Council and said that an exchange of letters was not sufficient to count as engagement. Palestine said it regarded the Universal Periodic Review deadline set by the President as final and binding.
And that universal supporter of human rights and all things good and fair, Cuba, condemned Israel for boycotting the Universal Periodic Review, and said that “the attitude of Israel was deplorable and unacceptable.”
Tunisia, as was the case with most of the Arab and Muslim groups, could not even bring itself to mention the name of the Jewish State, and instead merely “regretted the continuing attitude of the country under review,” referring to that state as engaging in “persistent non-cooperation.” As far as Tunisia was concerned, the HRC should no longer even negotiate with the recalcitrant state.
Speaking on behalf of the Arab Group, Algeria claimed that its group was committed to the Universal Periodic Review’s “transparency, objectivity, equal treatment and non-selectivity.” The Arab Group also stated that the (unnamed) non-cooperating entity’s behavior was unacceptable, and stressed the importance of protecting the credibility of the HRC.
Pakistan, representing the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, charged Israel’s “persistent non-compliance” as a “serious breach of United Nations system expectations” and it too suggested that the UPR should go ahead as planned whether or not Israel chose to be present.
Israel’s announcement that it would participate in its review at the seventeenth session of the Working Group of the Universal Periodic Review, came less than 48 hours before that process is to begin, on Tuesday, October 29, in Geneva.
Israel is still prevented from joining the Human Rights Council because it is denied a place in any regional group of nations, and the geographic groups are the entities from which HRC members are selected. Given its location, Israel should be a part of the Asian Nations Group, as are its neighboring states. But Israel is barred from belonging to that group because the Arab nations within that bloc oppose Israel’s membership.Lori Lowenthal Marcus
About the Author: Lori Lowenthal Marcus is a contributor to the JewishPress.com. A graduate of Harvard Law School, she previously practiced First Amendment law and taught in Philadelphia-area graduate and law schools. You can reach her by email: Lori@JewishPressOnline.com
If you don't see your comment after publishing it, refresh the page.
Our comments section is intended for meaningful responses and debates in a civilized manner. We ask that you respect the fact that we are a religious Jewish website and avoid inappropriate language at all cost.
If you promote any foreign religions, gods or messiahs, lies about Israel, anti-Semitism, or advocate violence (except against terrorists), your permission to comment may be revoked. | <urn:uuid:0c9c5461-13a2-4b7e-9ea3-331447c8709e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.jewishpress.com/news/israel-caves-on-its-un-human-rights-council-boycott/2013/10/29/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280718.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00404-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964371 | 1,081 | 1.75 | 2 |
Man, your hair’s so weak. You other hair abusers probably know what I’m talking about: a couple of days after you color, you squeeze the ends of your hair and flinch. Your hair feels like superthin strands of uncooked pasta, ready to break off at any minute.
Unfortunately, wimpy, fragile hair like this and consistent coloring treatments go hand in hand. Hair becomes weak and thin from the use of alkaline products, which includes the ammonia in most hair coloring or perming chemicals. Products are considered alkaline when their pH level is above the neutral level of 7 (the pH of water). Is anyone reminded of science class yet?
Luckily, you don’t have to ditch that beautiful if unnatural shade (biased? Me?) to strengthen your meek little locks. Simply pick products containing polymers! | <urn:uuid:1ab8fb4f-6b71-4fb9-904a-0f4308d8e669> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sassydove.com/coconut-oil/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00668.warc.gz | en | 0.928417 | 175 | 1.71875 | 2 |
The biggest threat to your data may not come from external hackers. Find out how to guard against intentional or accidental internal cyber breaches.
The NSA leaks we keep hearing about are a constant reminder of just how vulnerable data is and how this vulnerability can result in data breaches by organization insiders. As Reuters reported, “Edward Snowden may have persuaded between 20 and 25 fellow workers at the NSA regional operations center in Hawaii to give him their logins and passwords by telling them they were needed for him to do his job as a computer systems administrator.” It’s apparent now that the nation’s most significant intelligence and security team failed to install the most up-to-date, anti-leak software.
This news coincides with two recent reports that show insiders are becoming the most significant reason data breaches proliferate. While threats to data security and privacy are often perceived to come from the outside via criminal hackers, recent research has marked internal threats as equally dangerous to customer/client data—whether breached on purpose or by accident.
According to a recent Forrester Research report titled “Understand the State of Data Security and Privacy,” 25 percent of survey respondents said that abuse by a malicious insider was the most common way in which a breach occurred in the past year at their company, while 36 percent of breaches were caused by employee mistakes, making it the current top cause of most data breaches.
Another report, from MeriTalk, which focuses on the federal government, found that 49 percent of breaches happen when employees bypass existing security measures, such as when they’re Web surfing or downloading email or other files. If the federal government can’t protect itself against data leaks, how can small-business owners expect to adequately protect their business data? Let’s take a look at how these data leaks are happening to find out how you can protect against them.
Cracking The Code
We’re at a point where companies interested in protecting their data have invested significant resources into fighting off network attacks from outsiders by incorporating numerous layers of security, such as firewalls, antivirus software, antispyware, antiphishing software and security awareness training, but they’re leaving their data vulnerable to their employees. Companies may have malicious, Edward Snowden-like insiders who hack the network for information, including fellow employees’ passwords.
Or, on the less malicious end of the spectrum, employees may just make simple mistakes that leave the network vulnerable to data breaches. Because of this “hidden” vulnerability, company networks are often compared to candy bars that are hard on the outside and soft and chewy on the inside. Additional risks revolve around savvy employees who might have good intentions but may make the network vulnerable when they go outside existing security measures. They may find themselves forced to do this because of restrictions that prevent them from getting their jobs done.
The Meritalk study found:
- 66 percent of federal network users believe security is time-consuming and restrictive.
- 69 percent say their work takes longer because of additional cyber security measures.
- One in five users report an inability to complete work because of security measures.
- 31 percent of users work around security measures at least once a week.
- 36 percent of breaches stem from inadvertent misuse of data by employees.
- 42 percent received training on how to remain secure at work, which means 58 percent haven’t had training at all.
- 57 percent say they’re not even aware of their organization’s current security policies.
- 25 percent say a breach occurred because of abuse by a malicious insider.
Guarding What’s Yours
The most important thing companies can do is to put the right security measures in place. Employees who need identification include those who are known to access critical data resources, such as those in accounting, human resources, administration, legal, personnel and account management as well as company officers and various contractors. Looking at data flow—that is, where data might be either vulnerable, shared across departments or bottle-necked—companies should work with each critical department to gradually implement security controls that create a delicate balance of security and productivity for day-to-day activities.
Data loss prevention begins with data discovery, classifying data in need of protection, and then determining what level of risk your company may face. Then you should complete a cost/benefit analysis and review the various technologies that can integrate with your existing systems. These include data loss prevention (DLP) technologies that provide real-time network activity monitoring, as well as system status monitoring from the inside out and the outside in.
The goal is to limit who has access to what data as well as determine why the person needs it. It’s also important to look for your vulnerabilities from outside attacks. DLP can simultaneously determine when employees are circumventing security because the system may be prohibiting them from getting their job done.
Other procedures and tools you might want to consider implementing include:
- System-wide encryption
- Tools that report alerts and events
- Inspection access controls
- Password management
- Multifactor authentication
- Device recognition
- Data disposal for e-data, paper data and discarded devices
This last one is critical because the more transparent your network security and security policies are, the more effective each department will be when communicating its requirements, needs, wants and differences.
The battle to fight criminal hackers from the outside must not hinder your employees’ progress on the inside. At the same time, you must protect against internal threats from employees, which is an equally dangerous risk that your IT department must acknowledge—and work to secure quickly.
Robert Siciliano CEO of IDTheftSecurity.com, personal security and identity theft expert and speaker is the author of 99 Things You Wish You Knew Before Your Identity Was Stolen. See him knock’em dead in this identity theft prevention video.
ROBERT SICILIANO, CEO of IDTheftSecurity.com is fiercely committed to informing, educating, and empowering Americans so they can be protected from violence and crime in the physical and virtual worlds. His "tell it like it is" style is sought after by major media outlets, executives in the C-Suite of leading corporations, meeting planners, and community leaders to get the straight talk they need to stay safe in a world in which physical and virtual crime is commonplace. Siciliano is accessible, real, professional, and ready to weigh in and comment at a moment's notice on breaking news.
- How to protect your network from malicious insiders
You may be putting your company at risk simply by hiring a new employee. Why? Because that person could have a hidden, malicious agenda. This is known as an inside threat, and it means that someone within your organization is planning or conducting activities meant to harm the company. There is a pattern that most insider threats
- Corporate BYOD puts Client Data at risk
When employees improperly use mobiles, they put their companies at risk for data breaches. This includes leaving lots of sensitive data on the devices—which can pave the way to leakage of data, plus other issues. Mobile device use in workplaces is increasing—and so is its associated security risks. Current security measures are lagging behind the increased
- Weak Passwords Mean Data Breaches
Studies across the board indicate that weak usernames and passwords are one of the top causes of data breaches, and I find that information to be unfortunate, because it is preventable. According to a recently concluded survey conducted by uSamp and sponsored by Siber Systems, creators of the RoboForm Password Manager: 70% reported forgetting a password,
- 11 Ways to Mitigate Insider Security Threats
Companies are constantly attacked by hackers, but what if those attacks come from the inside? More companies than ever before are dealing with insider security threats.Here are 11 steps that all organizations should take to mitigate these threats and protect important company data: Always encrypt your data If you want to minimize the impact of
- Putting An End to Data Breaches As We Know Them
The AP reports “WikiLeaks’ release of secret government communications should serve as a warning to the nation’s biggest companies: You’re next.” According to the Privacy Rights Clearinghouse’s Chronology of Data Breaches, more than 500 million sensitive records have been breached in the past five years. The Chronology of Data breaches lists specific examples of incidents in which | <urn:uuid:6ce6eb04-63b5-409c-b804-359b603af9aa> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://robertsiciliano.com/blog/2014/05/20/data-breaches-how-to-protect-your-business-from-internal-threats/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285315.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00568-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950971 | 1,743 | 2.421875 | 2 |
People -in my honest opinion- tend to underestimate a very important power while coding: Comments.
So, just be honest here;
First; why not? The reason most people don’t comment their code is because it takes time. But reading lines and lines of code without comments also takes a lot of time… And saying it’s just a couple of lines, ok, but what if these couple of lines grow over time?
There’s a lot of reasons why you should comment, but also, commenting your code can make coding easier for you.
I use comments frequently for multiple purposes:
- To explain my code, why I did something or when it was changed (like ticket number or storyname)
- To explain what I want to do, while writing it. (psuedo code)
- For my todo’s. –TODO Yvonne: …. (one of my favorites hihi).
- Outline my code, if there’s a large block (i.e. loops) explain what the loop is for in general
- Let people know what my procedure / function does and what params to use
- Generate documentation easily
The main reason to comment your code is so you:
- Help your future self / colleagues(why the … did I do this?)
- Have a quick and easy look what the code does
- Easy to help other colleagues that aren’t familiar with the business rules / logic for this part of code
- Know what the last changes are
- Compare version numbers (i.e. for packages) to see if something is on another environment yet
Is it possible to over comment your code? Yes. You shouldn’t have more lines of comment overall in compare to your lines of coding, here are some of my best practices;
- For every 1 to 4 lines of code, try one line of comment
- Explain simple code in bulk
- Try to keep your comments plain and simple. The one reading it can also code, so an outline is more than enough.
- Don’t write a complete book about WHY you did it or HOW, but explain structure / business rules
- Don’t comment every “i = i+1;” line, they’ll get it.
One last best practice… What’s the best way to comment?
For me, I use /**************************/ for block comments. I often use block comments in packages, to tell what the package is for, last changes and if there’s a commit/rollback inside, etc. Also to outline my function / procedure, using the Java doc template.
For all other comments I use –. But always on a new line, and always on top of the code I want to explain:
for rec_record in cur_cursor loop --Here is a loop that does someting--Here is a loop that does something for rec_record in cur_cursor loop | <urn:uuid:35e955a0-1a43-4612-897b-7640051ae7c6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://oritech.nl/oracle-apex-tidy-up-the-power-of-comments/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00675.warc.gz | en | 0.897223 | 643 | 2.40625 | 2 |
May 04, 2010
Illustrator CS5 has excellent pixel chops (at last)
When I started working at Adobe nearly 10 years ago, I got up in the Illustrator PM’s face. AI9 had just implemented Pixel Preview mode for Web and screen designers, but the feature was maddeningly incomplete. I made my point forcefully, and over the years Illustrator has made improvements (e.g. enabling inside/outside/center placement of strokes), but the job just wasn’t done.
You can now set up a document so that all art automatically snaps to pixel boundaries, meaning that, for example, 1-pixel black strokes will remain 1 pixel in width instead of looking like blurry 2-pixel gray strokes. You can also snap objects selectively to the grid, and you can choose among anti-aliasing options on text. See the Illustrator help docs for more info, or better yet, watch this three-minute video:
But don’t take my (or Mordy’s) word for it. Recently the noted Web designer Jon Hicks (creator of the Firefox logo, among other things) was unhappy with Illustrator for Web work. What a difference a month & a version make:
- March 22: “Illustrator [CS4] in particular irritated the hell out of me with it’s pixel preview artefacts.”
- April 30: After trying Illustrator CS5, “I’m rather smitten with it… Having pixels work properly in Illustrator is fantastic.” | <urn:uuid:d2e476e0-8d75-4ce9-9ab6-41482de9e877> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://blogs.adobe.com/jnack/2010/05/illustrator_cs5_has_excellent_pixel_chops.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281162.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00534-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.917445 | 324 | 1.539063 | 2 |
+ Reply to Thread
Results 1 to 10 of 13
Thread: solar and plug in hybrids
08-16-2006 07:19 AM #1
solar and plug in hybrids
Photovoltaics (solar electricity) and plug in hybrids can be a boon for overburdened city electric infrastructure. We have already seen on both coasts how abundant summer sunshine has fostered blackouts and other breakdowns of the city electric grids in NY and CA.
A vehicle to grid hybrid parked under a solar array can contribute solar power to the grid. Because the hybrid has batteries, the momentary drop in solar output caused by a passing cloud is of no concern. This makes the solar power much better suited for the electric utility.
Besides the tremendous benefit of preventing blackouts, the driver gets a cooler car from the shade of the solar array. This also saves fuel as the vehicle air conditioner does not have as much work to do. | <urn:uuid:847157a3-cf53-4dfe-b50d-63ebc4ec4a19> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.hybridcars.com/forums/showthread.php?99437-solar-and-plug-in-hybrids&mode=hybrid | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279915.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00283-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.930061 | 194 | 2.390625 | 2 |
The campus Technical Services provide an uninterrupted and seamless physical infrastructure for running world-class science in a changing and sometimes challenging external context. The primary responsibilities of the technical services are two-fold. First, to maintain and update existing facilities.
Second, to develop new facilities, laboratory spaces and common areas. The technical services provide a very responsive electronic helpdesk system for people to report and track a wide variety of technical and other problems and facilities requests.
The Bangalore Biocluster aims to set up a unique hub for highly interactive research for basic scientists and clinical researchers. To develop this space, a dedicated Architectural team at NCBS helps design, plan and coordinate the activity of setting up labs, facilities, and common spaces throughout the campus. Their role is key to ensuring that the Biocluster can accommodate the expanding infrastructural needs of scientists, while maintaining the natural beauty and aesthetics of the campus. In this task, they work in close coordination with a team of engineers who develop and maintain these facilities for the campus scientists.
The Engineering team consists of the following sections:
Civil Engineering Section is responsible for civil works and maintenance of roads, fire hydrant systems, water supply, Sewage Treatment Plant, landscaping, greenhouses and all the civil infrastructure, for the entire Bio-Cluster.
New works are undertaken in liaison with the Architecture Section in accordance with the Campus Master Plan and aesthetics. The civil team also assists other teams in campus related services for day to day and smooth functioning of the facilities. The team is coordinating with project and other various groups to meet the requirement of the Bio-cluster.
The Electrical team takes care of all Electrical installations (HT/ LT) in Biocluster, including the housing complex. The main responsibility of team is Operation and Maintenance (24/7 X 365 days) of HT and LT electrical installations, DG sets, Fire alarm systems and Lifts.
Electrical team oversees operation and maintenance of UPS systems and stabilizers to ensure smooth and uninterrupted electric supply to all critical facilities such as the Imaging facility, Cluster, Mass spec, NMR and all the lab equipment.
Apart from O&M, Electrical team also undertakes all major/minor modification works in the bio-cluster.
The IT section provides support, design, technology selection, systems management, administration, review and development of IT policies and standards to help the scientific community on campus.
NCBS runs its own mail server, web server, firewall, backup server etc., all of which are serviced by the IT team. Most of the servers being deployed use open source solutions to meet current requirements. The IT team also uses open source solutions to design with new applications such as schedulers for campus services, and bar code systems to monitor animals in the animal and fly facilities. Virtualization is also being carried out by the group for critical servers to avoid blackouts.
The campus backbone is connected in ring with 10G uplinks from the core to the edges with a capability to expand to 40G in the future. Wireless deployments are focused on providing as much coverage as possible, and NCBS provides free wireless connectivity (named Hotspot) for all guests to the campus. To facilitate intensive computations, the NCBS IT Services has set up a high performance computing infrastructure hosted at the data centre. The high performance clusters are used for computation intensive simulations, model calculations, NGS Data Analysis. In an effort to meet the ever growing requirement for data storage for scientific and computational raw data, a centralized data storage system has been implemented. The system has a capacity of 750 TB with redundancy and high availability which can scale beyond a petabyte for future expansions.
The IT team also manages the surveillance CCTV infrastructure, and is also involved in the maintenance of the automated Fire extinguisher system installed all over campus.
The AC Maintenance team manages the heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) needs of the campus. HVAC is a critical requirement for all core scientific activity on the campus (about 19510 m2 of conditioned space).
There are 3 independent centralized chiller plants and Air Handling systems to meet the load requirements. Several package units, split units and cold rooms are also installed in few places to meet the requirements.
The AC team oversees the round-the-clock operation, monitoring and maintenance of chiller plant & HVAC in critical facilities like Animal house, Bio-safety lab, Computer cluster, Mass spectrometry lab etc.
The team also manages modification and up gradation of HVAC works in the Bio-cluster campus.
The Instrumentation team provides support to laboratories for procurement, installation and trials of equipment specially meant for scientific activities, and also maintenance of the existing equipment and their safe operation. The section also takes care for pre installation requirement in coordination with other sections for installation.
The group is also responsible for operation and Maintenance of Audio-visual facility at Lecture Hall, Telephone exchange/ Facility , Access control, Video/ Audio conferencing, CCTV , RO water plants, Gas vacuum and Gas Lines, PA system etc.
NCBS has a well-equipped in-house mechanical workshop that helps researchers in fabricating custom-made experimental equipment. Currently, three skilled and experienced machinists help researchers with the design and assembly of diverse scientific equipment such as Faraday cages for electrophysiology rigs, custom platforms to hold tissue samples, wind tunnels, micro-fluidic chambers etc.
The recent addition of a CNC vertical milling machine now allows the fabrication of intricately designed experimental products such as critical moulds with the capacity for multiple production and a constant manufacturing accuracy. The Mechanical workshop also runs short courses to train students in using its facilities.
The electronics workshop has an experienced electronic engineer for the designing and assembly of electronic circuits, preparation of printed circuit boards, and programming for ARDUINO digital drive cards required for research purposes. The workshop also manages stocking of basic electronic components needed for testing and assembly of electronic circuits for the research as well as the occasional maintenance of existing equipment.
The QA/QC unit is a newly created Cell in technical services to ensure quality and safety of works being executed under both Project and Maintenance Divisions of Bangalore life Sciences Cluster. Currently the QA/QC unit operates with Electrical Engineer(F) and Civil Engineer(D),NCBS.QA/QC unit works under the guidelines similar to that of CPWD/ISRO(DOS)The team provides inputs on quality and safety right from concept to commissioning. Team provides assistance in technical evaluation of tenders, field test, material inspections as may require. Conducts field inspections and communicate commissions /omissions and or deficiencies to site engineers.
The group is responsible for all the major construction projects for NCBS.
During the last year the group has completed the building of the following units: a dining-cum-recreation hub; guest houses at the CB site; the clinic building; and a vertical extension to the current animal house. At present, the construction work in progress consists of a laboratory building for inStem, and a new hostel building. | <urn:uuid:606a835f-ec06-427e-b501-aa0ffbe33536> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://instem.res.in/facilities/technical | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573193.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818094131-20220818124131-00475.warc.gz | en | 0.926426 | 1,464 | 1.5625 | 2 |
The author gave me permission to post this.
Why Quilt Judges Are Not the “Quilt Police”
Both Quilt Judges and “quilt police” can strike fear in your heart. Some think they are one and the same. There are important distinctions.
Quilt Police believe there is only One Right Way to do things. They believe rules must be followed. They focus on the less than perfect, rather than the achievements of the quilt maker. Quilt Police may discredit a quilt with machine quilting, or fuisible raw-edge appliqué, or paint as not a “proper quilt” Quilt Police speak their minds without regard to who might be listening.
Quilt Judges dedicate themselves to learning many different techniques, trying their hand at as many as possible. They empathize and understand the difficulty in any particular technique. Quilt judges are cheerleaders, urging competitors to work toward their own personal best. Sarah Thornton, writing in "Seven Days in the Art World", quoted Nick Serota, “Judges themselves are invisible, but they know that their decisions will be keenly felt.”
Every quilt judge, perhaps every quilt maker, can relate to Lind Luggens’ joy in discovering that her grandson saw greatness in her work.
With permission of Beverly Fine, NQACJ. Printed in “Quilting Quarterly”, Winter 2010
“Quilting Quarterly” is the quarterly publication of the National Quilting Association. | <urn:uuid:5aa26ef3-5c0b-4428-92c7-d2d3284c23d4> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.quiltingboard.com/main-f1/quilt-judges-quilt-police-t94012.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280929.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00420-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.963343 | 318 | 2.1875 | 2 |
This week's syndicated column
Feeling soaked after the gushers of drenching hagiography that crashed over the world on the death of the Nelson Mandela, I have been trying to reconcile what I know with what we are supposed to believe.
For example, I know Mandela was a founder of Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK), the combat wing of the African National Congress, which was closely allied with the South African Communist Party. Starting in 1961, MK carried out hundreds of bombings, including of civilian targets. When Mandela was sentenced to life in prison in 1964, I know his crime was sabotage and related charges – not political opposition to apartheid, as we are supposed to believe, at least if those comparisons to symbols of non-violence, from Martin Luther King to, yes, Jesus Christ, are to stick.
Another founder of MK was Ronnie Kasrils, a Soviet-trained, South African Communist agent and militant, who, decades later, would serve President Mandela and then President Thabo Mbeki (also Soviet trained) in post-apartheid South African governments as a senior defense and later intelligence official. I mention Kasrils because two years after Mandela’s 1990 release from prison, Mandela and Kasrils were filmed in a group singing an MK song pledging to “kill the whites” – referring, of course, to white South Africans.
You can find this shocking singalong on Youtube, even if it didn’t appear on CNN – or, for that matter, Fox. Clearly, even such old footage complicates the hagiographic process. Meanwhile, in 2012, the current president of South Africa, Jacob Zuma, also an MK alumnus, took the public occasion of the 100th anniversary of the ANC to sing “Shoot the Boer” – a variation on this same theme. Weirdly, visible in the Zuma video (also on Youtube) is the same fake sign language “translator” whose bizarre appearance at the Mandela funeral caused a large security breach and even a small media ruckus.
What still escapes the world’s lens, however, is what this means. A rainbow did indeed arc over the building where Mandela lay in state, as the media breathlessly reported, but they continue to ignore the fact that in post-apartheid South Africa, white farmers, their families and farm workers are being targeted and brutally murdered in alarming numbers. The respected human rights organization Genocide Watch last year investigated and categorized the crisis as Stage 6 out of 8 stages of genocide. Mandela will always be known for striving for racial reconciliation, but, as South African-born journalist Ilana Mercer has pointed out, he never condemned this systematic, ongoing murder campaign.
In other words, there is more to see than what appears in the Mandela mirror.
During Mandela’s 27 years in prison, MK would receive Soviet aid and assistance from an array of Kremlin clients: military training from Libya and Cuba, bomb-making lessons from the IRA, intelligence lessons from East Germany’s Stasi. The (London) Telegraph has noted that Stasi-trained MK would “carry out brutal interrogations of suspected ‘spies’ at secret prison camps.”
Another fact: Due to Mandela’s advocacy of violence, Amnesty International didn’t classify him as a “prisoner of conscience.” Indeed, on being offered release (not for the first time) in 1985 in exchange for renouncing violence as a political weapon, Mandela refused.
A man of principle – but the principle in those decades was violent change, even revolution. The dream was to overthrow white minority rule in South Africa. But for many, there was always another goal, another dream: to replace the one-race-ruled “apartheid” state (evil) with a one-party-ruled Communist state (good?).
If we attempt quantify the crimes of apartheid in brief, we can point to some 7,000 “political deaths” of South African citizens over four decades of white minority rule. The ANC struggle against apartheid, meanwhile, was sponsored by the Soviet Union, conservatively estimated to have killed some 20 million citizens to preserve its totalitarian dictatorship and to force Marxism-Leninism on the rest of us. This global movement, according to “The Black Book of Communism,” resulted in 100 million deaths.
Question: Why is it only apartheid that was universally condemned, old South Africa having been morally and financially ostracized – but never, ever Communism, never ever the Soviet Union? (I discuss this stunning ideological Kremlin victory in my book American Betrayal.)
This is something to think about – but not while media and political elites reflect not on, but away from the darker complexities of the geopolitical struggle Mandela’s life and times so symbolically intersected with.
Little wonder communism doesn’t go away. “Today, the ANC officially claims still to be at the first stage … of a two-phase revolution,” British historian Stephen Ellis told the New York Times recently. “This is a theory obtained directly from Soviet thinking.”
And Mandela? Famously – infamously to old comrades such as Ronnie Kasrils – he failed to nationalize land and industry on his 1994 election as president, thus reneging on the Marxist principles in the ANC’s Freedom Charter. Still, there are other means of redistribution, as Ilana Mercer explains in her book, Into the Cannibal's Pot: Lessons for America from Post-Apartheid South Africa. Mercer writes that “racial socialism,” by which proportional racial representation is government-mandated across business and elsewhere in society, aptly defines today’s South Africa, and is something Mandela was in accord with.
Mandela was also in accord with his murderous comrades in the Soviet terror network. In Fidel Castro, whose prison state still outlaws dissent (and has shot between 15,000 and 18,000 Cubans since 1959), in Yasser Arafat, the blood-drenched father of the PLO and modern-day terrorism itself, Mandela saw friends and allies. “We consider ourselves comrades in arms,” Mandela declared in speaking with Moammar Gadhafi in 1990, two years after Libya brought down Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland. As the last winner of the Orwellianly named Lenin International Peace Prize in 1990, just before the Soviet Union dissolved, Mandela even went to some lengths to procure the gold medallion finally in 2002, according to the news site Russia Behind the Headlines. Why would someone want a medal from one of the two greatest human rights abusing states the world has ever seen (Communist China being the other)?
Don’t ask. Just look into the Mandela mirror. You’ll see nothing but rainbows. | <urn:uuid:1e5fb92d-24b8-4bbc-ab16-b8976c872aa1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dianawest.net/Home/tabid/36/EntryId/2731/Mandela-in-the-Mirror.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571056.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809155137-20220809185137-00669.warc.gz | en | 0.95569 | 1,416 | 2.109375 | 2 |
COPYRIGHT, PLEASE NOTE
All the material on this website is copyrighted to J-P Metsavainio, if not otherwise stated. Any content on this website may not be reproduced without the author’s permission.
Thursday, February 25, 2010
Nebula in natural color. Narrowband channels are mixed to match visible spectrum. Red=80% H-alpha+20% S-II, Green=O-III and Blue=80% O-III+20% H-alpha to compensate otherwise missing H-beta.
The tiny Blue central star is a white dwarf, the intense ultraviolet light emitted by this star makes elements in a ring glow. Ionized Hydrogen emits red light and the ionized Oxygen blue one.
Why the name "PK 164+31.1"?
PK comes from the names of Czechoslovakian astronomers Perek and Kouhutec. 1967 they created an extensive catalog of all of the known planetary nebulae in 1964. The number indicates the position in the sky. The alternative name "Jones-Emberson 1" is after its discoveres.
Processing work flow:
Image acquisition, MaxiDL v5.07.
Stacked and calibrated in CCDStack.
Deconvolution with a CCDSharp, 30 iterations.
Levels, curves and color combine in PS CS3.
Telescope, Meade LX200 GPS 12" @ f5
Guiding, SXV-AO @ 9Hz
Image Scale, 1,5 arcseconds/pixel
H-alpha 32x1200s, binned 2x2 and 7x1200s, binned 3x3 = 13h
O-III 2x600s, binned 4x4 and 1x1200s, binned 4x4
S-II 3x600s, binned 4x4 and 1x1200s, binned 4x4 | <urn:uuid:e7e5aed2-7d03-4432-b2b6-0f63c195e7aa> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://astroanarchy.blogspot.com/2010/02/planetary-nebula-pk-164311-finalized.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280483.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00295-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.817001 | 403 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Waitara Library has re-established the children's reading initiative Crackerjacks after a short break.
Designed to get preschoolers interested in books, programmes similar to Crackerjacks have been held at Puke Ariki and all of the New Plymouth district libraries for more than 10 years.
While other outlying libraries hold sessions on a monthly basis, Waitara Library runs Crackerjacks every Wednesday at 10am during the school term.
Customer support officer and co-ordinator of the Waitara Crackerjacks programme, Rosemary Reeve, said the story-time-style readings were an effective way to get young children into books and to display genuine engagement.
"You'll see children come along to their first session and have trouble sitting and listening to a story for an extended length of time, and within a couple of weeks they quickly learn to sit down, listen and become interested," said Reeve who has conducted Crackerjacks at other libraries.
"It's also rewarding having parents and caregivers come up to you at the end of the session saying ‘thanks, that was great' and then returning for the next workshop, you know you've done a reasonable job."
Each workshop revolves around a theme, and last week's theme at Waitara was based on books that had just come into the library, such as Sing-along Mermaid and Kaha the Kea.
"My favourite part of today was Kaha the Kea," Bell Block preschooler Emily Hagan said.
Waitara Library holds 30-minute Crackerjacks sessions every Wednesday at 10am during the school term. It is free and no booking is required.
James MacLeod is a Witt journalism student.
- Taranaki Daily News
What's your expectation of former tropical cyclone Pam?Related story: Cyclone Pam hits New Zealand
Get Taranaki's frequent news and sport updates
Get your mid week news fix
Get your South Taranaki news online | <urn:uuid:0cefbd9a-8ef7-4394-a940-6110e1dbde66> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.stuff.co.nz/taranaki-daily-news/news/9919039/Waitara-Librarys-weekly-reading-time-rewarding | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279368.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00319-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.963872 | 407 | 1.796875 | 2 |
A previously healthy 27-year-old Jamaican man presented to the University Hospital of the West Indies with recurrent joint pain, remitting and relapsing fever, and shortness of breath. He was subsequently found to have Abiotrophia defectiva endocarditis. This was the first time this organism had been isolated at our institution. Despite culture directed antibiotics, his clinical course was quite severe with mitral regurgitation and congestive cardiac failure requiring mitral valve replacement. He recovered well postoperatively and is currently being followed at our outpatient cardiology clinic. This report highlights the severe presentation and often poor outcome associated with A. defectiva endocarditis and stresses that the outcome may be improved by early and appropriate surgical intervention.
Diagnosis of influenza in older adults may be complicated by atypical presentations or when patients present with complications of an underlying illness. We aimed to identify clinical characteristics and epidemiological factors associated with influenza among community-dwelling adults aged ≥60 years presenting to emergency departments.
We identified patients with influenza-compatible chief complaints presenting to emergency departments of six acute care hospitals in Ontario, Canada during the 2011/12 and 2012/13 influenza seasons. Clinical characteristics, medical history and demographics were collected by patient interview, chart review and by contacting vaccine providers. Nasopharyngeal swabs were tested for influenza using polymerase chain reaction. We modeled predictors of influenza using multivariable logistic regression models that compared individuals with and without influenza.
Of 1318 participants, 151 (11 %) had influenza (98 A/H3N2, 12 A/H1N1, 4 A [not sub-typed], 37 B). In the multivariable model, clinical symptoms associated with influenza were cough (OR 6.4, 95 % CI 3.2, 13.0), feverishness and/or triage temperature ≥37.2 °C (OR 3.0, 95 % CI 2.0, 4.7), 2–5 days from symptom onset to the emergency department visit (OR 2.2, 95 % CI 1.5, 3.2), and wheezing (OR 2.1, 95 % CI 1.3, 3.3). The effect of cough on influenza increased with older age. Epidemiological factors associated with increased odds for influenza included weeks when ≥10 % influenza tests from provincial laboratories were positive (OR 5.1, 95 % CI 1.2, 21.7) and exposure to a person with influenza-like illness (OR 1.9, 95 % CI 1.3, 2.8). Among participants with influenza, only 47 (31 %) met the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for influenza-like illness (temperature ≥37.8 °C and cough and/or sore throat).
As in younger adults, cough and feverishness are the two symptoms most predictive of influenza in the elderly. Current influenza-like illness definitions did not adequately capture influenza in older adults.
Influenza; Older adults; Elderly; Clinical symptoms
CLEC16A is in a locus genetically linked to autoimmune diseases including multiple sclerosis, but the function of this gene in the nervous system is unknown. Here we show that two mouse strains carrying independent Clec16a mutations developed neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor impairments and loss of Purkinje cells. Neurons from Clec16a-mutant mice exhibited increased expression of the autophagy substrate p62, accumulation of abnormal intra-axonal membranous structures bearing the autophagy protein LC3, and abnormal Golgi morphology. Multiple aspects of endocytosis, lysosome and Golgi function were normal in Clec16a-deficient murine embryonic fibroblasts and HeLa cells. However, these cells displayed abnormal bulk autophagy despite unimpaired autophagosome formation. Cultured Clec16a-deficient cells exhibited a striking accumulation of LC3 and LAMP-1 positive autolysosomes containing undigested cytoplasmic contents. Therefore Clec16a, an autophagy protein that is critical for autolysosome function and clearance, is required for Purkinje cell survival.
Corticosteroids are a powerful class of drugs used to treat several chronic and acute conditions; however, they may be harmful to a subset of critically ill intensive care unit patients with specific conditions. Therefore, understanding the clinical triggers for corticosteroid use in this environment is a quality of care issue. Accordingly, this study used a seasonal influenza outbreak in two Canadian cities to explore the variables associated with corticosteroid use in the intensive care unit.
Survey data suggest that Canadian intensivists administer corticosteroids to critically ill patients primarily in response to airway obstruction, perceived risk for adrenal insufficiency and hemodynamic instability.
To describe variables independently associated with systemic corticosteroid therapy during an influenza outbreak.
The present analysis was retrospective cohort study involving critically ill patients with influenza in two Canadian cities. Hospital records were reviewed for critically ill patients treated in the intensive care units (ICUs) of eight hospitals in Canada during the 2008 to 2009 and 2009 to 2010 influenza outbreaks. Abstracted data included demographic information, symptoms at disease onset, chronic comorbidities and baseline illness severity scores. Corticosteroid use data were extracted for every ICU day and expressed as hydrocortisone dose equivalent in mg. Multivariable regression models were constructed to identify variables independently associated with corticosteroid therapy in the ICU.
The study cohort included 90 patients with a mean (± SD) age of 55.0±17.3 years and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score of 19.8±8.3. Patients in 2009 to 2010 were younger with more severe lung injury but similar exposure to corticosteroids. Overall, 54% of patients received corticosteroids at a mean daily dose of 343±330 mg of hydrocortisone for 8.5±4.8 days. Variables independently associated with corticosteroid therapy in the ICU were history of airway obstruction (OR 4.8 [95% CI 1.6 to 14.9]) and hemodynamic instability (OR 4.6 [95% CI 1.2 to 17.8]).
Observational data revealed that hemodynamic instability and airway obstruction were associated with corticosteroid therapy in the critical care setting, similar to a recent survey of stated practice. Efforts to determine the effects of corticosteroids in the ICU for these specific clinical situations are warranted.
Cohort study; Corticosteroids; Critical illness; Influenza; Intensive care unit; Pandemic H1N1; Seasonal influenza
The ventricular human myocyte is spatially organized for optimal ATP and Ca2+ delivery to sarcomeric myosin and ionic pumps during every excitation-contraction cycle. Comprehension of three-dimensional geometry of the tightly packed ultrastructure has been derived from discontinuous two-dimensional images, but has never been precisely reconstructed or analyzed in human myocardium. Using a focused ion beam scanning electron microscope, we created nanoscale resolution serial images to quantify the three-dimensional ultrastructure of a human left ventricular myocyte. Transverse tubules (t-tubule), lipid droplets, A-bands, and mitochondria occupy 1.8, 1.9, 10.8, and 27.9% of the myocyte volume, respectively. The complex t-tubule system has a small tortuosity (1.04 ± 0.01), and is composed of long transverse segments with diameters of 317 ± 24 nm and short branches. Our data indicates that lipid droplets located well beneath the sarcolemma are proximal to t-tubules, where 59% (13 of 22) of lipid droplet centroids are within 0.50 μm of a t-tubule. This spatial association could have an important implication in the development and treatment of heart failure because it connects two independently known pathophysiological alterations, a substrate switch from fatty acids to glucose and t-tubular derangement.
Myocyte; Ultrastructure; Metabolism; Focused Ion Beam Tomography
Once considered primarily a pediatric concern, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is gaining recognition as a cause of significant morbidity and mortality in adults. A better understanding of RSV epidemiology and disease in adults is needed to guide patient management and to assess the need for prophylaxis, vaccines, and treatments.
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adults admitted to four hospitals in Toronto, Canada, between September 2012 and June 2013 with RSV identified by a qualitative real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay in nasopharyngeal swab or bronchoscopy specimens. Main outcomes were hospital length of stay, need for intensive care unit (ICU) or mechanical ventilation, and all-cause mortality.
Eighty-six patients were identified as requiring hospitalization for RSV infection (56% female). Median age was 74 (range 19–102) years; 29 (34%) were < 65 years. Eighty-three (97%) had underlying chronic medical conditions; 27 (31%) were immunosuppressed, and 10 (12%) known smokers. The most common symptoms and signs were cough in 73 (85%), shortness of breath in 68 (79%), sputum production in 54 (63%), weakness in 43 (50%), fever in 41 (48%), and wheezing in 33 (38%). Lower respiratory tract complications occurred in 45 (52%), cardiovascular complications occurred in 19 (22%), and possible co-pathogens were identified in 11 (13%). Sixty-seven (78%) were treated with antibiotics and 31 (36%) with anti-influenza therapy. Thirteen (15%) required ICU care and 8 (9%) required mechanical ventilation. Five (6%) died during hospitalization. Need for ICU and mechanical ventilation were associated with mortality (P ≤ 0.02). Median hospital length of stay was 6 days (mean 10.8 days).
RSV infection is associated with the need for extended hospital stay, ICU care and mortality in adults of all ages with chronic underlying conditions. Presenting signs and symptoms are nonspecific, co-infections occur, and patients often receive antibiotics and anti-influenza therapy. There is need for ongoing research and development of RSV prophylaxis, vaccines and treatments for adults.
Respiratory syncytial virus; Hospitalization; Adults
Dengue fever is an important public health problem in Jamaica and has various serious manifestations, which if not identified and treated at the appropriate time can lead to dire consequences. Bacterial co-infections have been seen in clinical practice but may be thought of as simply coincidental. This review highlights the importance of bacteria in exacerbating dengue infections and the importance of looking for co-infection in patients with certain clinical manifestations. It also provides the reader with a scientific understanding of the immune pathogenesis of dengue and bacterial co-infections.
Between 2008 and 2011, 6,895 Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates were submitted to the Canadian Bacterial Surveillance Network and underwent in vitro susceptibility testing. Fifteen percent of S. pneumoniae isolates were collected from pediatric patients (0–15 years old), 48.6 % of isolates were collected from adults between 16 and 64 years of age, and 36.1 % from adults aged ≥65 years; age data were not available for 11 patients. Forty-five percent of S. pneumoniae isolates were recovered from sterile specimens, and 55 % of isolates were from nonsterile specimens. Overall, 0.4 % of isolates were resistant to penicillin, 0.4 % to ceftriaxone, 3 % to amoxicillin, 25 % to erythromycin, and 13 % to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole; 6.6 % of isolates were multidrug resistant (MDR). Among MDR isolates, resistance rates exceeded 95 % for erythromycin, tetracycline, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. The MIC90 of cethromycin, ceftaroline, and ceftobiprole against MDR isolates were 0.12, 0.25, and 1 mg/L, respectively. Ceftaroline, the active form of the prodrug ceftaroline fosamil, exhibited potent in vitro activity against the tested S. pneumoniae including all 456 multidrug-resistant strains. No ceftaroline-resistant isolates were identified.
Clostridium difficile is the major cause of nosocomial antibiotic-associated diarrhoea with the potential risk of progressing to severe clinical outcomes including death. It is not unusual for Clostridium difficile infection to progress to complications of toxic megacolon, bowel perforation and even Gram-negative sepsis following pathological changes in the intestinal mucosa. These complications are however less commonly seen in community-acquired Clostridium difficile infection than in hospital-acquired Clostridium difficile infection. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first case of community-acquired Clostridium difficile infection of its type seen in Jamaica.
We report a case of a 22-year-old female university student who was admitted to the University Hospital of the West Indies, Jamaica with a presumptive diagnosis of pseudomembranous colitis PMC. She presented with a 5-day history of diarrhoea following clindamycin treatment for coverage of a tooth extraction due to a dental abscess. Her clinical condition deteriorated and progressed from diarrhoea to toxic megacolon, bowel perforation and Gram-negative sepsis. Clostridium difficile NAP12/ribotype 087 was isolated from her stool while blood cultures grew Klebsiella pneumoniae. Despite initial treatment intervention with empiric therapy of metronidazole and antibiotic clearance of Klebsiella pneumoniae from the blood, the patient died within 10 days of hospital admission.
We believe that clindamycin used for coverage of a dental abscess was an independent risk factor that initiated the disruption of the bowel micro-flora, resulting in overgrowth of Clostridium difficile NAP12/ribotype 087. This uncommon strain, which is the same ribotype (087) as ATCC 43255, was apparently responsible for the increased severity of the infection and death following toxic megacolon, bowel perforation and pseudomembranous colitis involving the entire large bowel. K. pneumoniae sepsis, resolved by antibiotic therapy was secondary to Clostridium difficile infection. The case registers community-acquired Clostridium difficile infection as producing serious complications similar to hospital-acquired Clostridium difficile infection and should be treated with the requisite importance.
Clostridium difficile; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Community-Acquired Infection; Diarrhoea; Clindamycin; Pseudomembranous Colitis; Toxic Megacolon
The Akita mouse is a robust model of diabetic autonomic neuropathy which develops severe diabetes following beta cell death, which occurs reproducibly at 3-4 weeks of age, and maintains the diabetic state without therapy for as long as 11 additional months. Neuritic dystrophy and neuronopathy involving prevertebral sympathetic superior mesenteric and celiac ganglia begin to develop within the first two months of onset of diabetes and are progressive with time. We have examined the effect of insulin implants resulting in normoglycemia and injections of ARA290, a small erythropoietin peptide which has no effect on glycemic parameters, on the reversal of established neuritic dystrophy and neuronopathy. We have found that 4 weeks of insulin therapy beginning at 2 months of diabetes resulted in normalization of blood glucose, body weight and HbA1c. Insulin therapy successfully reversed established neuritic dystrophy and neuronopathy to control levels. Numbers of sympathetic neurons were not significantly changed in either 3 month diabetic or insulin treated Akita mice. Treatment with ARA290 for 7 weeks beginning at 4 months of diabetes did not result in altered metabolic severity of diabetes as measured by blood glucose, body weight or HbA1c levels. ARA290 treatment was able to decrease neuritic dystrophy by 55-74% compared to untreated diabetics or in comparison to a separate group of diabetic animals representing the 4 month treatment onset point. Surprisingly, there was no effect of ARA290 on ganglionic neuron number or ongoing neuronopathy (pale/degenerating neurons) in diabetic Akita mice during this time period. The development of neuroprotective EPO-like peptides may provide a possible future therapy for this debilitating complication of diabetes; however, it appears that discrete elements may be differentially targeted by the diabetic state and may require selective therapy.
diabetes; Akita mouse; neuritic dystrophy; neuronopathy; erythropoietin; insulin; sympathetic ganglia
Regulated protein degradation by the proteasome plays an essential role in the enhancement and suppression of signaling pathways in the nervous system. Proteasome-associated factors are pivotal in ensuring appropriate protein degradation, and we have previously demonstrated that alterations in one of these factors, the proteasomal deubiquitinating enzyme ubiquitin-specific protease 14 (Usp14), can lead to proteasome dysfunction and neurological disease. Recent studies in cell culture have shown that Usp14 can also stabilize the expression of over-expressed, disease-associated proteins such as tau and ataxin-3. Using Usp14-deficient axJ mice, we investigated if loss of Usp14 results in decreased levels of endogenous tau and ataxin-3 in the nervous system of mice. Although loss of Usp14 did not alter the overall neuronal levels of tau and ataxin-3, we found increased levels of phosphorylated tau that correlated with the onset of axonal varicosities in the Usp14-deficient mice. These changes in tau phosphorylation were accompanied by increased levels of activated phospho-Akt, phosphorylated MAPKs, and inactivated phospho-GSK3β. However, genetic ablation of tau did not alter any of the neurological deficits in the Usp14-deficient mice, demonstrating that increased levels of phosphorylated tau do not necessarily lead to neurological disease. Due to the widespread activation of intracellular signaling pathways induced by the loss of Usp14, a better understanding of the cellular pathways regulated by the proteasome is required before effective proteasomal-based therapies can be used to treat chronic neurological diseases.
Ciprofloxacin, the first fluoroquinolone to be used to treat lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI), demonstrates poor potency against Streptococcus pneumoniae, and its use has been associated with the emergence of resistance. During the last decade, fluoroquinolones with enhanced in vitro activity against S. pneumoniae have replaced ciprofloxacin for the treatment of LRTI. Here, we analyzed the impact of more active fluoroquinolone usage on pneumococci by examining the fluoroquinolone usage, prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance, and mutations in the genes that encode the major target sites for the fluoroquinolones (gyrA and parC) in pneumococcal isolates collected in Canada-wide surveillance. A total of 26,081 isolates were collected between 1998 and 2009. During this time period, total per capita outpatient use of fluoroquinolones increased from 64 to 96 prescriptions per 1,000 persons per year. The proportion of prescriptions for respiratory tract infection that were for fluoroquinolones increased from 5.9% to 10.7%, but the distribution changed: the proportion of prescriptions for ciprofloxacin decreased from 5.3% to 0.5%, and those for levofloxacin or moxifloxacin increased from 1.5% in 1999 to 5.9% in 2009. The prevalence of ciprofloxacin resistance (MIC ≥ 4 μg/ml), levofloxacin resistance, and moxifloxacin resistance remained unchanged at <2%. Multivariable analyses showed that prevalence of mutations known to be associated with reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones did not change during the surveillance period. If fluoroquinolone therapy is required, the preferential use of fluoroquinolones with enhanced pneumococcal activity to treat pneumococcal infections may slow the emergence of resistance in S. pneumoniae.
There is a paucity of data about the clinical characteristics that help identify patients at high risk of influenza infection upon ICU admission. We aimed to identify predictors of influenza infection in patients admitted to ICUs during the 2007/2008 and 2008/2009 influenza seasons and the second wave of the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic as well as to identify populations with increased likelihood of seasonal and pandemic 2009 influenza (pH1N1) infection.
Six Toronto acute care hospitals participated in active surveillance for laboratory-confirmed influenza requiring ICU admission during periods of influenza activity from 2007 to 2009. Nasopharyngeal swabs were obtained from patients who presented to our hospitals with acute respiratory or cardiac illness or febrile illness without a clear nonrespiratory aetiology. Predictors of influenza were assessed by multivariable logistic regression analysis and the likelihood of influenza in different populations was calculated.
In 5,482 patients, 126 (2.3%) were found to have influenza. Admission temperature ≥38°C (odds ratio (OR) 4.7 for pH1N1, 2.3 for seasonal influenza) and admission diagnosis of pneumonia or respiratory infection (OR 7.3 for pH1N1, 4.2 for seasonal influenza) were independent predictors for influenza. During the peak weeks of influenza seasons, 17% of afebrile patients and 27% of febrile patients with pneumonia or respiratory infection had influenza. During the second wave of the 2009 pandemic, 26% of afebrile patients and 70% of febrile patients with pneumonia or respiratory infection had influenza.
The findings of our study may assist clinicians in decision making regarding optimal management of adult patients admitted to ICUs during future influenza seasons. Influenza testing, empiric antiviral therapy and empiric infection control precautions should be considered in those patients who are admitted during influenza season with a diagnosis of pneumonia or respiratory infection and are either febrile or admitted during weeks of peak influenza activity.
The gold standard for respiratory virus testing is a nasopharyngeal (NP) swab, which is collected by a healthcare worker. Midturbinate (MT) swabs are an alternative due to their ease of collection and possible self-collection by patients. The objective of this study was to compare the respiratory virus isolation of flocked MT swabs compared to flocked NP swabs.
Beginning in October 2008, healthy adults aged 18 to 69 years were recruited into a cohort and followed up for symptoms of influenza. They were asked to have NP and MT swabs taken as soon as possible after the onset of a fever or two or more respiratory symptoms with an acute onset. The swabs were tested for viral respiratory infections using Seeplex® RV12 multiplex PCR detection kit. Seventy six pairs of simultaneous NP and MT swabs were collected from 38 symptomatic subjects. Twenty nine (38%) of these pairs were positive by either NP or MT swabs or both. Sixty nine (91%) of the pair results were concordant. Two samples (3%) for hCV OC43/HKU1 and 1 sample (1%) for rhinovirus A/B were positive by NP but negative by MT. One sample each for hCV 229E/NL63, hCV OC43/HKU1, respiratory syncytial virus A, and influenza B were positive by MT but negative by NP.
Flocked MT swabs are sensitive for the diagnosis of multiple respiratory viruses. Given the ease of MT collection and similar results between the two swabs, it is likely that MT swabs should be the preferred method of respiratory cell collection for outpatient studies. In light of this data, larger studies should be performed to ensure that this still holds true and data should also be collected on the patient preference of collection methods.
In the 2003 Toronto SARS outbreak, SARS-CoV was transmitted in hospitals despite adherence to infection control procedures. Considerable controversy resulted regarding which procedures and behaviours were associated with the greatest risk of SARS-CoV transmission.
A retrospective cohort study was conducted to identify risk factors for transmission of SARS-CoV during intubation from laboratory confirmed SARS patients to HCWs involved in their care. All SARS patients requiring intubation during the Toronto outbreak were identified. All HCWs who provided care to intubated SARS patients during treatment or transportation and who entered a patient room or had direct patient contact from 24 hours before to 4 hours after intubation were eligible for this study. Data was collected on patients by chart review and on HCWs by interviewer-administered questionnaire. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) logistic regression models and classification and regression trees (CART) were used to identify risk factors for SARS transmission.
45 laboratory-confirmed intubated SARS patients were identified. Of the 697 HCWs involved in their care, 624 (90%) participated in the study. SARS-CoV was transmitted to 26 HCWs from 7 patients; 21 HCWs were infected by 3 patients. In multivariate GEE logistic regression models, presence in the room during fiberoptic intubation (OR = 2.79, p = .004) or ECG (OR = 3.52, p = .002), unprotected eye contact with secretions (OR = 7.34, p = .001), patient APACHE II score ≥20 (OR = 17.05, p = .009) and patient Pa02/Fi02 ratio ≤59 (OR = 8.65, p = .001) were associated with increased risk of transmission of SARS-CoV. In CART analyses, the four covariates which explained the greatest amount of variation in SARS-CoV transmission were covariates representing individual patients.
Close contact with the airway of severely ill patients and failure of infection control practices to prevent exposure to respiratory secretions were associated with transmission of SARS-CoV. Rates of transmission of SARS-CoV varied widely among patients.
Diabetic autonomic neuropathy is a debilitating, poorly studied complication of diabetes. Our previous studies of non-obese diabetic (NOD) and related mouse models identified rapidly developing, dramatic pathology in prevertebral sympathetic ganglia; however, once diabetic, the mice did not survive for extended periods needed to examine the ability of therapeutic agents to correct established neuropathy. In the current manuscript we show that the Akita (Ins2Akita) mouse is a robust model of diabetic sympathetic autonomic neuropathy with unambiguous, spontaneous, rapidly-developing neuropathology which corresponds closely to the characteristic pathology of other rodent models and man. Akita mice diabetic for 2, 4 or 8 months of diabetes progressively developed markedly swollen axons and dendrites (“neuritic dystrophy”) in the prevertebral superior mesenteric (SMG) and celiac ganglia (CG). Comparable changes failed to develop in the superior cervical ganglia (SCG) of the Akita mouse or in any ganglia of non-diabetic mice. Morphometric studies demonstrate an overall increase in presynaptic axon terminal cross sectional area, including those without any ultrastructural features of dystrophy. Neurons in Akita mouse prevertebral sympathetic ganglia show an unusual perikaryal alteration characterized by the accumulation of membranous aggregates and minute mitochondria and loss of rough endoplasmic reticulum. These changes result in the loss of a third of neurons in the CG over the course of 8 months of diabetes. The extended survival of diabetic mice and robust pathologic findings provide a clinically relevant paradigm that will facilitate the analysis of novel therapeutic agents on the reversal of autonomic neuropathy.
diabetes; Akita mouse; neuritic dystrophy; neuronopathy; degeneration; sympathetic ganglia
The accurate identification of a pathogen beyond the species level is critical in epidemiological studies and investigations of nosocomial outbreaks of infection. The clonal relatedness of 66 multidrug resistant (MDR) strains of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing K. pneumoniae isolated from clinical specimens from hospitalized patients at a Jamaican hospital during a 5 year period were determined by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).
A total 10 different ESBL producing K. pneumoniae genotypes designated Clones I-X were found. The most frequently occurring strains belonged to Clones I (21/66, 32%), II (15/66, 26%), III (13/66, 20%) and IV (8/66, 12%) which accounted for 86% (57/66) of ESBL producing K. pneumoniae strains over the 5 year period. The remaining 9 (14%) cases of ESBL producing K. pneumoniae were due to strains of Clones V-X. The 4 predominant clones persisted for several years in the hospital.
The clonal and temporal distribution of the MDR ESBL producing K. pneumoniae strains among clinical service areas did not suggest outbreaks of the organism during the period of study. Instead the molecular epidemiology of ESBL producing K. pneumoniae at this hospital was more representative of an endemic persistence of clones of the organism with limited dissemination from patient to patient. Further studies to investigate the factors which determine the emergence and persistence of MDR ESBL producing K. pneumoniae in Jamaican hospitals and their impact on clinical and economic outcomes at such institutions would be useful.
The objective of this study was to examine Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates collected from a longitudinal surveillance program in order to determine their susceptibility to currently used fluoroquinolones and of the frequency and type of mutations in the quinolone-resistant determining regions (QRDRs) of their parC and gyrA genes.
The Canadian Bacterial Surveillance Network has been collecting clinical isolates of S. pneumoniae from across Canada since 1988. Broth microdilution susceptibility testing was carried out according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. The QRDRs of the parC and gyrA genes were sequenced for all isolates with ciprofloxacin MIC ≥ 4 mg/L, and a large representative sample of isolates (N = 4,243) with MIC ≤ 2 mg/L.
A total of 4,798 out of 30,111 isolates collected from 1988, and 1993 to 2007 were studied. Of those isolates that were successfully sequenced, 184 out of 1,032 with mutations in parC only, 11 out of 30 with mutations in gyrA only, and 292 out of 298 with mutations in parC and gyrA were considered resistant to ciprofloxacin (MIC ≥ 4 mg/L). The most common substitutions in the parC were at positions 137 (n = 722), 79 (n = 209), and 83 (n = 56), of which substitutions at positions 79 and 83 were associated with 4-fold increase in MIC to ciprofloxacin, whereas substitutions at position 137 had minimal effect on the ciprofloxacin MIC. A total of 400 out of 622 isolates with Lys-137 parC mutation belonged to serotypes 1, 12, 31, 7A, 9V, 9N and 9L, whereas only 49 out of 3064 isolates with no mutations belonged to these serotypes. Twenty-one out of 30 isolates with substitutions at position 81 of the gyrA gene had an increased MIC to ciprofloxacin. Finally, we found that isolates with mutations in both parC and gyrA were significantly associated with increased MIC to fluoroquinolones.
Not all mutations, most frequently Lys-137, found in the QRDRs of the parC gene of S. pneumoniae is associated with an increased MIC to fluoroquinolones. The high prevalence of Lys-137 appears to be due to its frequent occurrence in common serotypes.
Emergence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) serotype 19A Streptococcus pneumoniae (SPN) is well-documented but causal factors remain unclear. Canadian SPN isolates (1993-2008, n = 11,083) were serotyped and in vitro susceptibility tested. A subset of MDR 19A were multi-locus sequence typed (MLST) and representative isolates' whole genomes sequenced.
MDR 19A increased in the post-PCV7 era while 19F, 6B, and 23F concurrently declined. MLST of MDR 19A (n = 97) revealed that sequence type (ST) 320 predominated. ST320 was unique amongst MDR 19A in that its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for penicillin, amoxicillin, ceftriaxone, and erythromycin were higher than for other ST present amongst post-PCV7 MDR 19A. DNA sequencing revealed that alleles at key drug resistance loci pbp2a, pbp2x, pbp2b, ermB, mefA/E, and tetM were conserved between pre-PCV7 ST 320 19F and post-PCV7 ST 320 19A most likely due to a capsule switch recombination event. A genome wide comparison of MDR 19A ST320 with MDR 19F ST320 identified 822 unique SNPs in 19A, 61 of which were present in antimicrobial resistance genes and 100 in virulence factors.
Our results suggest a complex genetic picture where high-level drug resistance, vaccine selection pressure, and SPN mutational events have created a "perfect storm" for the emergence of MDR 19A.
Neuroaxonal dystrophy (NAD), a distinctive axonopathy characterized by marked enlargement of distal axons, is the hallmark pathologic alteration in aged and diabetic human prevertebral sympathetic ganglia and in corresponding rodent models. NAD is thought to represent the abnormal outcome of cycles of synaptic degeneration and regeneration; a systematic study of identified axon terminals in aged and diabetic prevertebral ganglia, however, has not previously been performed. We examined the initial changes that develop in pre- and postsynaptic elements in sympathetic ganglia of aged and diabetic mice and found numerous synaptic changes involving both presynaptic and postsynaptic elements. Early alterations in presynaptic axon terminal size, vesicle content and morphology culminate in the development of anastomosing membranous tubulovesicular aggregates, accumulation of autophagosomes and amorphous debris that form a continuum with progressively larger classically dystrophic swellings. Dendritic changes consist of the development of swellings composed of delicate tubulovesicular elements and mitochondriopathy characterized by increased numbers of small mitochondria and, exclusively in aged ganglia, megamitochondria. These results support the hypothesis that NAD results from progressive changes in presynaptic axon terminals that likely involve membrane dynamics and which are accompanied by distinctive changes in postsynaptic dendritic elements.
Autonomic neuropathy; Aging; Dendritic dystrophy; Diabetic neuropathy; Mitochondriopathy; Neuroaxonal dystrophy
The physiologic importance of autophagy proteins for control of mammalian bacterial and parasitic infection in vivo is unknown. We show that expression of the essential autophagy protein Atg5 in granulocytes and macrophages is required for in vivo resistance to infection with L. monocytogenes and T. gondii. In primary macrophages, Atg5 was not required for IFNγ/LPS-mediated transcription, induction of nitric oxide, or inhibition of T. gondii replication. However, Atg5 was required for IFNγ/LPS-induced damage to the T. gondii parasitophorous vacuole membrane and parasite clearance. While we did not detect autophagosomes enveloping T. gondii, Atg5 was required for recruitment of the IFNγ-inducible p47 GTPase IIGP1 (Irga6) to the vacuole membrane. This work shows that Atg5 expression in phagocytic cells is essential for cellular immunity to intracellular pathogens in vivo and that an autophagy protein can participate in immunity and intracellular killing of pathogens via autophagosome-independent processes such as GTPase trafficking.
Identification of high-risk populations for serious infection due to S. pneumoniae will permit appropriately targeted prevention programs.
We conducted prospective, population-based surveillance for invasive pneumococcal disease and laboratory confirmed pneumococcal pneumonia in homeless adults in Toronto, a Canadian city with a total population of 2.5 M, from January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2006.
We identified 69 cases of invasive pneumococcal disease and 27 cases of laboratory confirmed pneumococcal pneumonia in an estimated population of 5050 homeless adults. The incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease in homeless adults was 273 infections per 100,000 persons per year, compared to 9 per 100,000 persons per year in the general adult population. Homeless persons with invasive pneumococcal disease were younger than other adults (median age 46 years vs 67 years, P<.001), and more likely than other adults to be smokers (95% vs. 31%, P<.001), to abuse alcohol (62% vs 15%, P<.001), and to use intravenous drugs (42% vs 4%, P<.001). Relative to age matched controls, they were more likely to have underlying lung disease (12/69, 17% vs 17/272, 6%, P = .006), but not more likely to be HIV infected (17/69, 25% vs 58/282, 21%, P = .73). The proportion of patients with recurrent disease was five fold higher for homeless than other adults (7/58, 12% vs. 24/943, 2.5%, P<.001). In homeless adults, 28 (32%) of pneumococcal isolates were of serotypes included in the 7-valent conjugate vaccine, 42 (48%) of serotypes included in the 13-valent conjugate vaccine, and 72 (83%) of serotypes included in the 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine. Although no outbreaks of disease were identified in shelters, there was evidence of clustering of serotypes suggestive of transmission of pathogenic strains within the homeless population.
Homeless persons are at high risk of serious pneumococcal infection. Vaccination, physical structure changes or other program to reduce transmission in shelters, harm reduction programs to reduce rates of smoking, alcohol abuse and infection with bloodborne pathogens, and improved treatment programs for HIV infection may all be effective in reducing the risk.
Autonomic neuropathy is a significant diabetic complication resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. Studies of autopsied diabetic patients and several rodent models demonstrate that the neuropathologic hallmark of diabetic sympathetic autonomic neuropathy in prevertebral ganglia is the occurrence of synaptic pathology resulting in distinctive dystrophic neurites (“neuritic dystrophy”). Our prior studies show that neuritic dystrophy is reversed by exogenous IGF-I administration without altering the metabolic severity of diabetes, i.e. functioning as a neurotrophic substance. The description of erythropoietin (EPO) synergy with IGF-I function and the recent discovery of EPO’s multifaceted neuroprotective role suggested it might substitute for IGF-I in treatment of diabetic autonomic neuropathy. Our current studies demonstrate EPO receptor (EPO-R) mRNA in a cDNA set prepared from NGF-maintained rat sympathetic neuron cultures which decreased with NGF deprivation, a result which demonstrates clearly that sympathetic neurons express EPO-R, a result confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Treatment of STZ-diabetic NOD-SCID mice have demonstrated a dramatic preventative effect of EPO and carbamylated EPO (CEPO, which is neuroprotective but not hematopoietic) on the development of neuritic dystrophy. Neither EPO nor CEPO had a demonstrable effect on the metabolic severity of diabetes. Our results coupled with reported salutary effects of EPO on postural hypotension in a few clinical studies of EPO-treated anemic diabetic and non-diabetic patients may reflect a primary neurotrophic effect of EPO on the sympathetic autonomic nervous system, rather than a primary hematopoietic effect. These findings may represent a major clinical advance since EPO has been widely and safely used in anemic patients due to a variety of clinical conditions.
Diabetes; autonomic neuropathy; sympathetic; neuropathology; ganglia; neuroaxonal dystrophy; synapse
It is known that there is significant morbidity associated with urinary tract infection and with renal dysfunction in sickle cell disease (SCD). However, it is not known if there are potential adverse outcomes associated with asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) infections in sickle cell disease if left untreated. This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of ASB, in a cohort of patients with SCD.
This is a cross-sectional study of patients in the Jamaican Sickle Cell Cohort. Aseptically collected mid-stream urine (MSU) samples were obtained from 266 patients for urinalysis, culture and sensitivity analysis. Proteinuria was measured by urine dipsticks. Individuals with abnormal urine culture results had repeat urine culture. Serum creatinine was measured and steady state haematology and uric acid concentrations were obtained from clinical records. This was completed at a primary care health clinic dedicated to sickle cell diseases in Kingston, Jamaica. There were 133 males and 133 females in the sample studied. The mean age (mean ± sd) of participants was 26.6 ± 2.5 years. The main outcome measures were the culture of ≥ 105 colony forming units of a urinary tract pathogen per milliliter of urine from a MSU specimen on a single occasion (probable ASB) or on consecutive occasions (confirmed ASB).
Of the 266 urines collected, 234 were sterile and 29 had significant bacteriuria yielding a prevalence of probable ASB of 10.9% (29/266). Fourteen patients had confirmed ASB (prevalence 5.3%) of which 13 had pyuria. Controlling for genotype, females were 14.7 times more likely to have confirmed ASB compared to males (95%CI 1.8 to 121.0). The number of recorded visits for symptomatic UTI was increased by a factor of 2.5 (95% CI 1.4 to 4.5, p < 0.005) but serum creatinine, uric acid and haematology values were not different in patients with confirmed ASB compared with those with sterile urine. There was no association with history of gram negative sepsis.
ASB is a significant problem in individuals with SCD and may be the source of pathogens in UTI. However, further research is needed to determine the clinical significance of ASB in SCD.
Fluoroquinolone susceptibility testing was performed on invasive group A streptococcus isolates from 1992-1993 and 2003 from Ontario, Canada. None were nonsusceptible to levofloxacin. Two of 153 (1.3%) from 1992-1993 and 7 of 160 (4.4%) from 2003 had a levofloxacin MIC of 2 μg/ml; all nine had parC mutations, and eight were serotype M6. | <urn:uuid:3e238ddd-047f-49d7-9b1b-861095073c39> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://pubmedcentralcanada.ca/pmcc/solr/reg?pageSize=25&term=author%3A(%22Stewart%2C+Thomas+A.%22)&sortby=score+desc&filterAuthor=author%3A(%22Green%2C+Karen%22) | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280483.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00301-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.918251 | 9,314 | 1.921875 | 2 |
FITNESS & HEALTH
HAWAII DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
Whether walking with your friends, above, or alone, putting one foot in front of the other is an enjoyable way to step up your fitness level.
Take steps in the right direction
The state launches a campaign to get adults in Hawaii to walk more
Get up. Get out. Stop thinking about it and start putting one foot in front of the other.
The state's new "Step It Up Hawaii" walking campaign is aimed at people ages 30 to 50 who know they need to get active, but need a little motivation -- "the people who have their walking shoes, but need that extra nudge to put them on and go for a walk," said Chiyome Fukino, state health director.
The campaign, launched on Thursday, encourages adults to incorporate walking into their daily routines. "That way, it isn't an extra thing that vies for the very little spare time that they have," said Alice Silbanuz, public and professional education coordinator for the Department of Health.
HAWAII DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
Whether walking with your friends. or alone, above, putting one foot in front of the other is an enjoyable way to step up your fitness level.
For those who are not regularly physically active, walking at least 30 minutes a day, five days a week, can improve both health and state of mind, health practitioners say. Walking opens the door to an array of benefits, from weight maintenance to reducing the risk of certain diseases.
The Web site www.healthyhawaii.com lists ways of integrating healthier lifestyle choices into normal routines. In other words, walk when you'd normally be sitting still. During coffee breaks, for example, or while meeting with co-workers or friends. Schedule a "walk and talk" instead and you'll get your work done while burning some calories. The site also includes information on how to start walking groups and lists walking events.
One step at a time
The Web site www.healthyhawaii.com lists "30 Ways to Get 30+ Minutes." Here are a few to start with:
» Call a friend to walk with you. When you set up an appointment, you are more likely to follow through.
» Park the car farther from your destination. Get on or off the bus several blocks away.
» Walk the dog. Look at Rover as a walking machine with hair.
» Divide your walking into 10-minute blocks. Walk the dog in the morning, take 10 before or after lunch, walk around the block a few times before you get in your car at the end of the work day.
» Instead of meeting a friend for coffee, meet for a walk. Or take a 10 minute walk at lunch. Or both.
» Walk around the athletic field while your kids are at Little League or soccer practice.
» Schedule a walk and talk. Moving meetings are a great substitute for sitting in a conference room.
Upcoming Walking events
Three-quarter-mile walk through Iolani Palace grounds and Capitol building, including interactive warm-up routines, 11 a.m. to 1 p.m. April 18. Meet at the Capitol building rotunda.
» March of Dimes Walks: 5-mile benefit walk, 7:30 a.m. April 14 at Kapiolani Park. A 2-mile walk is also planned for Maui April 21 starting at the War Memorial Gym. Visit www.walkamerica.org or call March of Dimes at 973-2155.
» Walkable Communities Workshops: Learn how other communities have improved walking conditions; 4 to 8:30 p.m. April 11, Waianae Beach Club (this workshop is full); 4 to 8:30 p.m. Thursday, Palama Settlement in Kalihi; 10 a.m.-2:30 p.m. April 14, Washington Middle School. Also on Maui, 4 to 8:30 p.m. Tuesday, Kihei Charter School. Call 545-6003 or e-mail email@example.com. | <urn:uuid:03311e79-6861-4057-a87b-f72d80616f6f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://archives.starbulletin.com/2007/04/07/features/story01.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282926.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00393-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.933771 | 852 | 2.03125 | 2 |
The newest Copyright Act out of 1976 knows a copyright not only in a beneficial publisher’s collective performs, as well as an alternate copyright laws per author’s share towards the work. On the growth in the aid of electronic databases and you can drive to keep analysis, some self-employed experts started to object to their blogs for sale to help you firms that put these database and discs. Tasini, 533 You.S. 483, 121 S. Ct. 2381, 150 L. Ed. 2d five-hundred (2001), held your Operate protects the latest copyrights of publishers, rejecting a disagreement by the editors your transformation of one’s brand-new will an electronic style constituted an excellent “revision” of cumulative work, which could was permissible underneath the Copyright Act.
Answers to Violation
Given that owner manages to lose the worth of a copyright laws when infringement happens, relief is sometimes looked for because of submitting case in the government judge. In the event that infringement is made, the newest legal is give original and you can long lasting injunctions, or courtroom purchases one to keep back this new offensive people regarding persisted to help you infringe the fresh new copyright. A court many years given that a solution getting copyright laws infringement. The latest copyright laws holder can also be recover getting genuine monetary loss and you can people most earnings that infringer obtained about infringement.
The brand new copyright laws holder years, which range from no less than $250 to a total of $ten,100000. The fresh court can get adjust these types of limits according to the purity otherwise willfulness of infringer. Innocent infringers age quicker so you’re able to as little as $100, while willful infringers ages as high as $50,100000. Courts can also impound as well as destroy illegal reproductions regarding copyrighted work.
Willful copyright infringement will likely be a national misdemeanor, punishable up to $10,one hundred thousand or that year’s imprisonment. Unlawful prosecutions with this foundation wanted you to definitely infringement end up being on “reason for industrial advantage otherwise private profit”(17 U.S.C.A great. § 506(a)). Violent prosecutions to own copyright laws violation are generally rare. Nonetheless, Piracy of musical and flick tracks-where crooks size-build like tracks instead of consent and without paying royalties-has been increasingly preferred. This fact resulted in this new passage through of the fresh new Piracy and you will Counterfeiting Amendments Work out-of 1982 (18 U.S.C.A beneficial. § 2318), which allows punishment all the way to $250,100000 inside the penalties and fees otherwise five years during the jail to own pirating step one,100000 phonorecords otherwise 65 films in this 180 weeks. The latest fake fool around with otherwise removal of copyright laws notices is additionally a great punishable offense.
Reasonable Fool around with
Reasonable fool around with are a judicial philosophy one to means a beneficial fool around with out-of copyrighted matter that does not infringe otherwise break the brand new personal rights of your own copyright laws owner. Reasonable explore is an important and more successful maximum on the personal right out of copyright laws residents. Samples of reasonable explore through the and then make out-of braille copies or audio files regarding instructions to be used from the blind people, additionally the making regarding movies tracks away from shown tv programs otherwise video because of the people definitely personal, noncommercial have fun with.
Types of reasonable fool around with generally speaking cover, according to Copyright laws Work from 1976, the fresh breeding regarding written works best for the purpose of “criticism, remark, news reporting, training …, grant, otherwise lookup” (17 You.S.C.An excellent. § 107). The same act as well as sets a four-part take to to choose reasonable have fun with according to following the products: (1) the point and reputation of one’s play with, together with whether or not eg play with is actually off a commercial characteristics or is to own nonprofit educational motives; (2) the sort of the proprietary functions; (3) extent and you may substantiality of piece used in regards to the fresh proprietary act as a complete; and you can (4) the effect of use abreast of the possibility market for, otherwise property value, the fresh new copyrighted work (17 You.S.C.A. § 107).
It’s always experienced reasonable use of a composed work to need brief quotations or excerpts and to tend to be him or her in another work, because the whenever quotations are taken from a book and you may joined towards a text opinion. Although not, courts have found you to such as for example estimate isn’t fair use when matter are extracted from unpublished supply, as the https://datingranking.net/tr/interracialpeoplemeet-inceleme/ taken place in the 1985 circumstances Harper & Row v. Nation Enterprises, 471 U.S. 539, 105 S. Ct. 2218, 85 L. Ed. 2d 588. | <urn:uuid:15bf05fd-bfc5-419e-9b36-e149693fca84> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://minorprojects.vidyaacademy.ac.in/the-new-supreme-courtroom-in-the-nyc-minutes-v/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570765.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808031623-20220808061623-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.925399 | 1,063 | 1.75 | 2 |
There are four common distances for triathlon competitions, and many variations on those distances.
One thing that may cause a variation from the standard distance is the race venue. Often, race directors are challenged to find a safe venue for a swim, bike and run event. To keep the logistics and safety concerns of staging such an event to a dull roar, on occasion, race directors wisely select a race course that is slightly different than the common distances mentioned in this column.
Thankfully, good race directors and benevolent volunteers continue to host events, some of which are world-class, at a growing number of locations.
At many races, event directors provide not only individual competitor categories, but team categories as well. For many single-sport athletes, team competition provides a new camaraderie to their solo training. Additionally, it might just spark the fire to train for a triathlon as an individual competitor.
So, how long is a triathlon anyway? Here are the four most common race distances:
A sprint-distance triathlon is often the best way for a new triathlete to have positive experience in their first event. A typical sprint distance event consists of 400 to 500 yards (or meters) of swimming, 12 to 15 miles of cycling and typically a 3.1-mile run. This distance makes completing the event quite manageable for fit and soon-to-be fit athletes.
In the late 1980s, a 1.5 kilometer swim, 40 kilometer bike ride and a 10 kilometer run (0.9 miles swimming, 24.8 miles of cycling and 6.2 miles of running) was often called "International-Distance Triathlon" because that distance was accepted as the international standard and used at the first Triathlon World Championship. That championship was held August 6, 1989 in Avignon, France and the winners were Erin Baker of New Zealand and Mark Allen of the United States.
In 1994 the International Triathlon Union (ITU), lead by president Les McDonald, convinced the International Olympic Committee to make triathlon an Olympic sport for the Sydney Games of 2000. The title for the "International-Distance Triathlon" was changed to Olympic-distance. Today, an Olympic-distance triathlon remains a 1.5-kilometer swim, 40-kilometer bike ride and a 10-kilometer run. | <urn:uuid:7963fa52-c5bc-41aa-9577-fa7432706674> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.active.com/triathlon/Articles/How-Long-Is-a-Triathlon.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00445-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954514 | 478 | 2.3125 | 2 |
SALT LAKE CITY -- Salt Lake City brought statistics, dignitaries and even a TV star to celebrate Small Business Saturday -- an effort to persuade people to shop at local stores. The goal is persuade customers to spend just 10 percent more locally which would add $1.3 billion to the Utah economy.
The day was kicked off at Ken Sanders Rare Books. Sanders has been selling books in Salt Lake City since the 1960s at the long-defunct Cosmic Aeroplane.
“Great cities are not defined by malls and chain stores the small shops,” said Sanders. “The book shops, boutiques, the little bodegas of any city are what give it its vibrancy and uniqueness.”
He said his bookstore offers in-person advice and an experience you cannot get online. “If you want to see and feel and smell the book and buy an affordable cheap copy we’ve got it.”
Salt Lake City Mayor Jackie Biskupski issued a proclamation declaring November 25 as Small Business Day. "Small businesses are really important to the Salt Lake economy," said Lara Fritts, Salt Lake City Economic Development Director. “People want to live in cool places and Salt Lake City is cool because of the great businesses that call our city home."
Actor Reid Ewing who plays Dylan on the hit TV show “Modern Family” stopped by the bookstore to lend support to local businesses. He is now a Salt Lake City customer and a regular shopper at Ken Sanders Rare Books.
“I encourage you to come here and buy a book, maybe it will change your life,” said Ewing.
According to research from Local First Utah, local retailers return more than half of their revenue to the local economy, versus just 13.6 percent from national chain retailers.
“The (local revenue) creates jobs, they keep our tax base functioning they pave our roads they keep our emergency responders in business,” Kristen Lavelett, Buy Local First Utah Executive Director.
Mr. Mac is a family-owned business that has been in Utah for 50 years. Co-owner Stuart Christensen said the clothing stores has succeeded because of the one-on-one contact with customers.
“The great thing about buying local is you’re supporting people who live in the community, your friends and your neighbors,” said Christensen. “We are able to provide a meaningful service, create a memorable experience. So shopping with us isn’t just shopping for clothing but building relationships, being interactive, making it a fun experience and a memorable experience.”
Brittany Shimmin opened Vive Juicery in Salt Lake City four years ago because she said juice improved her health and wanted to share it with the community. She also said her store can offer juice that is better than what you can get in a chain store or grocery store.
“With us all of our products are made fresh right here in Salt Lake,” said Shimmin. “It’s really going to be the freshest you can get.”
Salt Lake City Council Member Stan Penfold is also encouraging shoppers to buy local everyday. “If you want something unusual, out of the ordinary, quirky you are going to find it at a local shop.” | <urn:uuid:bb0fc21f-64ba-4f6b-9e81-fd7b99e909fa> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.fox13now.com/2017/11/25/salt-lake-city-urges-customers-to-buy-local-on-small-business-saturday | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00669.warc.gz | en | 0.96139 | 689 | 1.546875 | 2 |
1. prey - noun
· a person who is the aim of an attack (especially a victim of ridicule or exploitation) by some hostile person or influence; "he fell prey to muggers"; "everyone was fair game"; "the target of a manhunt"
2. prey - noun
· animal hunted or caught for food
3. prey - verb
· profit from in an exploitatory manner; "He feeds on her insecurity"
4. prey - verb
· prey on or hunt for; "These mammals predate certain eggs"
The only site you need for word puzzles, home work, anagrams and scrabble games. The best site for two word anagram solutions.
Enter the letters to get anagrams for the word
Definitions, synonyms, antonyms and related words
Enter the word below with '?' to indicate missing letters
Enter the word to find the rhymes
Enter the letters of the beginning, middle or end of the word.
Unscramble.net is the free tool to unscramble letters and words for games like Text Twist, Words with Friends, Scrabble, Word Scraper, and of course the ever popular Jumble newspaper puzzle. It is also great for homework problems that frustrate many parents and students. Unscramble.net provides one and two word unscramble solutions from its extensive 280,000 word list that includes technical, medical and slang words. There is no limit to the number of letters entered for one word unscrambles and the site also provides for rhyming words and dictionary definitions for many of the unscrambled words. Two word unscramble results are provided in two formats for easy comprehension by the user. There is no limit to the number of word combinations provided whether for one or two word unscramble solution sets.
The site is mobile friendly and fully https/tls security compliant. Fast and easy, unscramble.net provides the most accurate and complete word, letter and anagram solutions available. Trust the oldest and most reliable unscramble tool on the net. Word lists are constantly being updated from reliable sources. Android and iOS apps are coming soon. | <urn:uuid:f723f33b-e68e-49e0-9a3d-fc81e8d6a871> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.unscramble.net/dictionary-preys.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284352.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00196-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.900484 | 450 | 1.851563 | 2 |
Table of Contents
This is also known as the tertiary sector of industry. It involves the provision of services to business as well as to the final consumers.Service involves doing something for the consumers, which could be personal or indirect services.
EXAMPLES OF SERVICE INDUSTRY
- Tourism attraction: This is concerned with all the activities of those who engage in creating tourist attractions in different tourist centerseg guides in national park.
- Warehousing: The people involved are warehouse managers,clerks etc.They areconcerned with ensuring that goods produced are stored until they are needed for consumption.
- Communication: It includes all activities which promote rapid transmission of messages between sender and receiver or from one place to another eg courier service provided, telephone operator.
- Transportation: It is concerned with the movement of goods and services to where they are needed. Those engaged in these services include drivers, pilot and sailors.
- Advertising : It involves the business of providing information about the existence of a product to the potential buyers eg Advertising agents
- Banking: It involves people who assist others to have money for their daily needs. They also provide capital for those embarking on industrial activities and saving facilities eg bankers
- Insurance: It is concerned with the activities of people who undertake to protect individual or businesses against risk in their day to day activities eg Insurance broker, underwriters and agents
- Define service.
- Explain five examples of service industry.
CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE SERVICE INDUSTRY TO ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
The serviceindustry does contributegreatly to the economic development of Nigeria in the following ways:
- Generation of employment opportunities.
- Provision of aids to trade
- Generation of revenue to the government
- Diversification of the economy
- Infrastructural development
- Stimulation of other sectors of the economy
- Integration of different region in the economy
- Define service industry
- State and explain the roles of services industry to the economic development of Nigeria
- Explain the following i) Gross Domestic Product ii) Cost of living iii) Per Capita income
- Who is a discriminating monopolist?
- Explain three advantages of monopoly.
- What is protective tariff?
- Outline any four reasons in favour of protective tariff.
- The service industry is also known as the ………industry processing B. tertiary C. construction D. mining
- There are …..types of services occupation a. A. five two C. ten D four.
- Indirect service ……… except A. soldiers B. law makers C. civil servant D. housemaids
- Banking, transport, insurance etc are also refer to as ……..A. trade B. commerce C. auxiliaries to trade D. occupation
- All these are reasons for the growth of the service sector except urbanization B. privatization C. increase in demand D. decrease in urbanization
- What is service industry?
- List and explain the types of services industry. | <urn:uuid:69371cc8-f013-40ab-9265-4662697473e7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://schoolportalng.com/service-industry/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573760.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819191655-20220819221655-00678.warc.gz | en | 0.927653 | 659 | 2.96875 | 3 |
Is inflation accelerating or decelerating? It depends on where you look.
The inflation story differs tremendously depending on whether you look at goods or service inflation. Goods inflation is very low and stable–the producer prices for finished goods less food and energy are rising at only 1% per year.
By comparison, service sector inflation is accelerating. Over the last few years, the Bureau of Labor Statistics has started reporting producer prices for what it calls “traditional service industries.” These include such services as healthcare, finance, information services, legal, accounting, management consulting, security guards, employment services, janitors, advertising, and so forth and so on. Many of these services are mainly bought by businesses, so they don’t show up in the CPI. They also tend to be labor intensive and more domestic.
Which one of these should the Fed be watching? I’d say that service sector inflation may turn out to be a better indicator of domestic price pressures. | <urn:uuid:aa8af0c1-ce16-423f-b517-ba507cf41f71> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://wallstreetpit.com/31275-service-sector-inflation-accelerates/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280266.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00493-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.957924 | 200 | 1.984375 | 2 |
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسنده [English]چکیده [English]
In this writing the propagational methods of Prophet Noah (P.B.U.H) in Qur'ān is briefly examined. Some of the other topics which have been dealt with are: propagational conditions, the content of propagation by propagational methods, disobediences of people and Prophet Noah's strategy against them.
The reasons to pay attention to this subject, taking Prophet Noah (P.B.U.H) as the pivotal subject is: being possessor of determination, long early merit in propagating, global propagation, and his long life. | <urn:uuid:691dde24-3d11-4b41-ba09-e8224451b44f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://jostar-elmi.maalem.ir/article_64024.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573744.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819161440-20220819191440-00466.warc.gz | en | 0.876402 | 201 | 2.25 | 2 |
Previous Challenge Entry (Level 3 - Advanced)
Topic: Teacher (10/26/06)
TITLE: Not So Tall Tales
By Virginia Gorg
LEAVE COMMENT ON ARTICLE
SEND A PRIVATE COMMENT
ADD TO MY FAVORITES
The mother smiled at her teenage son. “You are home from school already? What did you do today?”
“The teacher had us write an article about ‘what I did on my summer vacation’. Would you like to hear it?”
“Of course.” His mother sat on a new chair at the finely crafted table.
“What I did on my summer vacation. I had a good summer, spending much time in my father’s workshop, learning how to make tables and chairs to sit at, as well as small tables for holding candles. One day in the shop, the knife slipped and cut my father’s arm, deeply and severely.
Dropping his knife, he fell to the floor, moaning in pain. “Son, get a rag quickly,” he mumbled to me. I knelt at his side, touching his wound. Instantly, the wound was healed and the pain disappeared. Startled, he looked at me, and then smiled in understanding. He simply said, “Thank you.”
Another day this summer, I took a break from working in the carpenter shop and was playing with James and Elizabeth, my brother and sister. Being the eldest, I was expected to show wisdom and caution when playing. The other children were still completing their chores, and this was a rare opportunity for the three of us to be together.
As James rushed off in play, he stepped on a large stone and fell to the ground with a cry of pain. We heard the loud crunch as his ankle twisted and the bone broke. Elizabeth ran for help. James lay on the ground, writhing in pain. I ran to him and told him: “Trust in me.” Breathing a prayer heavenward, I touched his ankle, and immediately he was healed.
James looked at me with fear, and asked: “How did you do that?”
I replied: “It is not yet time for me to reveal these things to you. You must keep it a secret.” I knew in my heart that in about fifteen years James would become one of my most essential followers and this incident would be remembered by him then.”
Mary smiled at her son. “That is very well written. What did your teacher say?”
Jesus replied: “He said if I paid half as much attention to my studies as telling tall tales that I would be full of knowledge and wisdom, and be in good stature with God.”
Mary smiled fondly at her firstborn. “If only he knew,” she said wistfully.
Author’s note: I love the way that God works. Saturday night I dreamt that I was writing this, so I woke up and typed this on the computer.
The opinions expressed by authors may not necessarily reflect the opinion of FaithWriters.com.
Accept Jesus as Your Lord and Savior Right Now - CLICK HERE
JOIN US at FaithWriters for Free. Grow as a Writer and Spread the Gospel. | <urn:uuid:919ff0f5-3fd5-4fb5-b69d-a030f35834ba> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.faithwriters.com/wc-article-level3-previous.php?id=11925 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719677.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00559-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.983343 | 707 | 2.3125 | 2 |
Rick Hale digs deep to discover the truth behind the phantoms of Kelvedon Hatch secret nuclear bunker in Essex, England
Following the horrors of World War II, the two major world powers, United States and its allies and the former Soviet Union entered into a war of ideology known as the Cold War.
For over 40 years, the leaders of their respective countries kept their finger hovering over a button that could end the world in a nightmarish hail of nuclear fire.
They came close more than once to calling it quits and taking millions of lives with them.
I can still remember nuclear assault drills in elementary school throughout the 1980s. Nightmare fuel for any impressionable third grader.
Cooler Heads Prevail
With the fall of the Soviet Union in the late 1980s, cooler heads prevailed and the threat of mutually assured destruction became a thing of the past.
Left in the wake of possible annihilation were a number of government established underground bunkers.
These fallout shelters were a place heads of state could hide out until the bombs stopped falling and the radiation cleared.
Located in the town of Kelvedon Hatch, Essex, is one such bunker. A bunker allegedly haunted by more than just it’s past.
History of the Kelvedon Hatch Bunker
Constructed between 1952 and 1953, the Kelvedon Hatch bunker was originally an air defence station, where eagle eyed men kept watch for enemy aircraft.
A few years later, the bunker was converted into a Home Office regional seat of government.
The purpose was, if a nuclear war should occur, the Kelvedon Hatch bunker would act as a headquarters for government operation.
If the worst case scenario came to be, the government could still function even in a diminished way.
With the threat of nuclear war a thing of the past, the bunker was sold back to the family who owned the land in the 1950s.
The Kelvedon Hatch bunker opened for tours and can be accessed in an unassuming bungalow nestled among trees on a quiet street.
If you didn’t have prior knowledge the fallout bunker was there, you would hardly suspect a governmental hidey hole for the end of the world was there.
Haunting of the Bunker
Upon visiting this relic of a bygone era, you may find yourself questioning how this facility came to be so haunted.
It’s believed that when the bunker was constructed, a bronze age settlement and Roman burial ground was disturbed.
This might explain a ghost we’ll take a look at later. But, what of the many contemporary ghosts said to haunt the bunker?
One of which is the ghost known as the phantom foreman.
The Phantom Foreman
When the concrete was being poured for the Kelvedon Hatch bunker, a foreman mysteriously went missing. And, foul play was suspected.
After searching the entire facility, the foreman’s hardhat was found floating in wet concrete.
No one ever found the body and whoever killed him got away. However, it’s believed a disgruntled employee grew tired of the foreman and murdered him. Disposing his body in a floor of concrete.
When the bunker reopened for tours, patrons reported catching the fleeting glimpse of a middle aged man in workman’s clothes.
They watched in horror as he either disappeared before their eyes or walked through a wall.
In its early years, military personnel were assigned to the bunker for shifts lasting two weeks.
This might very well explain the presence of several entities seen roaming the halls in military uniform.
One ghost in particular, an angry woman in RAF uniform, walks up to people and screams into their face demanding to know why they are there. She then turns and angrily stalks away.
Whenever someone goes to complain of the conduct of what they believe to be an actor, they are quickly informed the bunker doesn’t employ actors. They realize what they saw was a ghost.
The Sick Bay
Something dark and sinister is said to lurk among the shadows of the bunker’s sick bay.
Dark apparitions have been witnessed walking among the beds of the medical facility.
And visitors claim, when they stand quietly in the room, they get the feeling that something evil is watching them closely and doesn’t want them there.
No one is sure who, or what, this malevolent entity is. But it’s best not to take it lightly.
The Bronze Age Ghoul
Revisiting the theory of a disturbed bronze age burial ground, brings us to our final ghost at the bunker.
The ghoulish figure of an unusually tall man in a grey robe has been witnessed gliding silently from room to room and down the halls of the bunker.
His appearance is said to be preceded by the awful stench of decaying flesh. And loud bangs are heard whenever he walks into a room.
The grey robed ghoul is thought to be an ancient bronze age warrior forced to wander the bunker after his grave was disturbed.
In 2009, the cast and crew of the wildly popular paranormal reality TV show Most Haunted investigated the bunker and came away with interesting results. Great British Ghosts has also visited Kelvedon Hatch.
Their investigation only adding to the stories of this reminder of a time of paranoia and international terror.
Have you investigated Kelvedon Hatch? Tell us about it in the comments section below! | <urn:uuid:c46d122e-274a-4b38-9e48-c1a198e559b5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.spookyisles.com/kelvedon-hatch/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00476.warc.gz | en | 0.961184 | 1,117 | 2.734375 | 3 |
Timekeeper is a deskband (like the taskbar) that displays the current date and time in whatever format you specify. When you click on it with your mouse, it displays a calendar that you can resize to display as many months as you want.
You can drag Timekeeper wherever you want it—even vertically—just like your other deskbands.
I was inspired to write Timekeeper because of TClockEx. Even in 2000, it was an interesting (but fragile) solution and hasn’t been updated since. When Windows introduced the concept of deskbands, small bars that can be hidden, displayed, resized, floated, and moved. I wrote Timekeeper to take advantage of these modern features.
Timekeeper is in English and has been translated into German.
Download Windows 10 (64- and 32-bit)
Download Windows 8.1 and 7 (64- and 32-bit)
Download Windows XP (64- and 32-bit)
Now that Windows 11 and 10 display the date in the taskbar, I have invested less effort into updating Timekeeper. Since there is still considerable interest in it, I have released Timekeeper as open source under the MIT license.
When you click on Timekeeper with your mouse, it displays a calendar.
Note: the Windows calendar control follows this rule for numbering the weeks of the year: “Week 1 is defined as the first week that contains at least four days.”
To access Timekeeper’s menu, right-click on Timekeeper. The menu allows you to perform the following functions:
- Obtain information about 12noon Products.
- Display this Help document.
- Display the About window.
- Configure the date/time display.
- Adjust the system date/time.
- Specify whether the calendar should highlight today’s date.
- Specify whether the calendar should display week numbers.
- Specify whether the calendar should remember its position.
- Specify whether the calendar should remember its size.
- Specify the calendar’s font.
Timekeeper runs on Microsoft® Windows® 11 and 10. The Timekeeper installer contains both 32-bit and 64-bit versions. (Microsoft has ended—or soon will end—mainstream support for Windows 8.1, 8, 7, XP and Server 2003, so those platforms are no longer officially supported.)
Transparency doesn’t work well. Use a black background instead.
1.62.4: Built with latest Microsoft Windows SDK and Visual Studio 2020 runtime.
1.62.3: Built with latest Microsoft Windows SDK and Visual Studio 2017 (15.4.1) runtime.
1.62.2: Built with latest Microsoft Windows SDK and Visual Studio 2015 Update 3 runtime. (Last version to officially support Windows 7 and 8.1.)
1.62.0: Removed compatibility warning. Changed default to be opaque (not transparent). Improved handling of Windows translucency.
1.61.0: Fixed issue with composition. Known issue: transparency doesn’t work well. Use a black background instead.
1.60.0: Added support for Windows 7 and later. Removed support for Windows XP themes.
1.44.0: Updated installer for 64-bit.
1.42: Fixed calendar not displaying (because mouse click went to tooltip).
1.41: Eliminated tooltip flickering. Fixed menu display error in rare occasions. Renamed 64-bit DLL.
1.40: Auto-reload format. Added %T and %V.
1.32: Added Adjust Date/Time command. | <urn:uuid:2b8e6b0a-7a0a-4b70-aaf9-895e6f74a10c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://12noon.com/?page_id=178 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00268.warc.gz | en | 0.822757 | 769 | 2.140625 | 2 |
|Maintaining Socially Meaningful Outcomes During the COVID-19 Pandemic at a Private School for Children With Autism|
|Monday, May 31, 2021|
|10:00 AM–10:50 AM |
|Area: OBM; Domain: Service Delivery|
|Chair: Emily Gallant (Somerset Hills Learning Institute)|
|Discussant: Sandra R. Gomes (Somerset Hills Learning Institute)|
|CE Instructor: Sandra R. Gomes, Ph.D.|
Meeting the needs of students with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is a daunting task under the best of circumstances. In the current COVID-19 pandemic, typical in-person service delivery can carry a significant risk of severe harm to clients, family and caregivers, staff, and an overburdened healthcare system. As such, our small, private, not-for-profit New Jersey school for children with ASD developed a comprehensive set of procedures designed to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 while returning to in-person instruction following state-mandated school closure. We will discuss technology-based changes implemented during state-mandated school lockdown and physical plant modifications, as well as changes required of administrative, supervisory, and teaching staff. Foundational to our plan is a rotating schedule designed to maximize in-person instructional time, while allowing an interceding duration that exceeds estimated COVID-19 incubation times. In-person, in-building instruction alternates between two student-instructor cohorts; virtual instruction occurs during opposing weeks. Further policies designed to reduce the opportunity for COVID-19 transmission govern our in-person instructional activities. We further discuss our hypothesis regarding the contribution of our ongoing professionalism training model to adherence to these procedures, and contextualize the financial and time costs of developing and implementing them with respect to student outcomes.
|Instruction Level: Intermediate|
|Keyword(s): autism, behavioral systems, COVID-19, schoolwide policy|
|Target Audience: |
The target audience is behavior analysts providing in-person school- or center-based instruction during the COVID-19 pandemic and those designing and implementing policies for such sites. This could include individuals in administrative or supervisory roles. The target audience also includes those who develop, implement, and monitor the effectiveness of professionalism training procedures, digital data analysis tools for a variety of levels within and organization, and behavioral systems.
|Learning Objectives: At the conclusion of the presentation, participants will be able to: (1) provide examples of digital tools that may help an organization to maintain data-based accountability for desired behavior change at the individual service recipient, classroom, and schoolwide levels; (2) ascertain to what extent a set of infection control policies and procedures is comprehensive in nature, particularly with respect to preventing transmission of COVID-19; (3) describe how to create a professional culture in which individual staff members' and stakeholders' (e.g., parents'/caregivers') behavior reliably align with requests made and expectations described by the organization.|
Using Technology to Maintain Performance Outcomes and Promote Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic at a Private School for Children With Autism
|KEVIN J. BROTHERS (Somerset Hills Learning Institute), Debbie Ann Brothers (Somerset Hills Learning Institute), Sandra R. Gomes (Somerset Hills Learning Institute), E. Dennis Machado (Somerset Hills Learning Institute), Paul Shreiber (Somerset Hills Learning Institute), Tara Ferrigno (Somerset Hills Learning Institute), David May (Somerset Hills Learning Institute), Emily Gallant (Somerset Hills Learning Institute)|
Like many educational institutions, our organization faced an extremely short runway for transitioning to remote from in-person services due to state-mandated school lockdown orders in early 2020. This presentation describes the policies and procedures put in place to ensure professionalism, transition from paper-based to digital data summary and analysis, appropriate supervision, curriculum modification, and program-level performance analysis during remote instruction. Additional technology supported a smooth return to in-person instruction. Among other tools, this includes COVID-19 daily symptom screening via a smartphone application; rapid saliva test kit shipping, supervision, and results communication; ongoing region-based risk tracking; and service delivery hour monitoring to ensure satisfaction of minimum state-mandated hour requirements and provide a basis for celebrating the provision of additional service hours. We will discuss how policies regarding virtual meetings between staff members contribute to adherence to described expectations, and how the organization approached delivering professional feedback in a virtual setting.
Preventing Transmission of COVID-19 During Return to In-Person Instruction at a Private School for Children With Autism
|Debbie Brothers (Somerset Hills Learning Institute), KEVIN BROTHERS (Somerset Hills Learning Institute), Sandra R. Gomes (Somerset Hills Learning Institute), E. Dennis Machado (Somerset Hills Learning Institute), Paul Shreiber (Somerset Hills Learning Institute), Tara Ferrigno (Somerset Hills Learning Institute), David May (Somerset Hills Learning Institute), Priya P Patil (Caldwell University)|
This presentation will detail the measures taken to reduce the risk of COVID-19 transmission during in-person instruction in the school building. To best safeguard our consumers and staff, we found it was necessary to not only meet, but exceed federal, state, and local guidelines and requirements. Procedures include exclusion based on the results of smartphone-application-based symptom screening and saliva tests; conservative policies about exclusion on the basis of symptoms appearing during the school day while present in the building; mask policies, hand hygiene policies, and physical distancing policies; physically-distanced pickup and dropoff; policies surrounding mask-free activities (e.g., consuming lunch). Special emphasis will be placed on environmental changes implemented to support successful adherence to these policies and expectations, e.g, provision of touch-free timers in restrooms to ensure a sufficient duration of hand-washing, signage detailing physical distancing and mask policies, physical distancing floor markers. The time and financial cost of designing, procuring, and implementing these measures will be discussed in the context of response effort and maximizing instructional hours while in school. | <urn:uuid:3cdb2c64-2f49-4667-acd0-ea8bc89a2dfd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.abainternational.org/events/program-details/event-detail.aspx?sid=73056&by=author | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570913.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809064307-20220809094307-00078.warc.gz | en | 0.886344 | 1,322 | 2.1875 | 2 |
Online marketing is a tried-and-true marketing strategy that has been analysed, written about and discussed in detail for as long as it’s been around. It owes a big part of its success to the many technological innovations available today such as social media platforms and mobile apps. But one thing has remained constant when it comes to technology – it’s ever-changing and constantly evolving with time. New technologies that were seen as up-and-coming just a couple of years ago may well be close to being obsolete today, while many other technological innovations are waiting to be discovered and touted as the next wave of new technologies.
Current market trends and necessity are what catalyses the invention of new technologies, and this very much applies to the online marketing sphere. In this article, we take a look at seven of the most recent technological innovations that are currently in development, or ready to be deployed to reinvent the way online marketing is perceived and utilized going forward.
You may remember the augmented reality game Pokémon Go was all the rage just a few months back, and while its hype has somewhat lessened considerably, it still gave the online marketing community some food for thought on how to engage audiences at such an outstanding level. Augmented reality isn’t exactly a new technology per se, having been around for several years now, but the level of user adoption started rising only recently, along with its sophistication. Seeing how people take to this technological innovation, online marketing techniques have been trying to emulate its success by taking a leaf out of its concept. To illustrate, beauty retailer Sephora launched a Virtual Artist Tool last year, which customers can use to try on Sephora’s line of makeup and lipsticks using just a front-facing smartphone camera. The app was a big hit, chalking up 1.6 million downloads within the first eight weeks of its launch! Virtual Artist Tool’s developer Modiface believes that this novel online marketing tool, which relies on the intuitive purchase process, is likely to increase online and mobile conversions by 80%.
If you think augmented reality is radical, you’re going to be even more impressed with its close cousin; virtual reality. This not-so-new technology is a firm favourite among gamers who want an immersive gaming experience, and it seems that even online marketing companies are beginning to realize the benefits of virtual reality in boosting their online marketing strategies. Advertisements are good avenues to integrate online marketing with virtual reality, giving users an almost real-life experience of the product or service without ever having to leave the comfort of their homes. This would definitely appeal to homebodies who don’t relish the thought of jostling with over-eager customers who are hell bent on getting the latest lipstick shade. The possibilities of this marketing strategy are practically boundless – imagine what this would do for conversion rates!
Artificial intelligence assistants
Apple’s artificially intelligent personal digital assistant Siri has certainly redefined the meaning of efficiency in helping iPhone users perform various functions and obtain information. With just a voice-based command, users are given reliable information and answers to their questions almost instantaneously – time is of the essence, a fact that is even more pronounced in today’s fast-paced world. The use of artificially intelligent assistants has even made its way into the online marketing sphere, with the emergence of Amazon’s Alexa. This technological innovation is capable of a wide variety of functions including creating shopping and to-do lists, as well as ordering take-out food. If you think online shopping is limited to selecting items over a website by referring to product stills, you’ll be happy to hear that artificially intelligent assistants have arrived to make efficiency the new order of day!
Machine learning algorithms
Machine learning algorithms used for the purposes of online marketing basically look for patterns or trends in a person’s online activities and use that information to push products, services or information that would interest the person. These algorithms are useful as computers can mine data at a much faster rate than a human, and give unbiased information. For example, suppose a person searches online for a particular brand of breakfast cereal. The learning algorithms are able to take note of this and suggest other brands of breakfast cereal with similar price ranges, ingredients or dietary specifications. It can also alert the marketing team to send direct mailers to inform the person whenever their favourite breakfast cereal is on offer. This also allows the marketing team to determine whether the algorithm used had accurately identified the person’s preferences.
Most of you would have heard of the term ‘big data’ being bandied about the workplace so often that it’s becomes somewhat of a buzzword. Fortunately for all of us, it’s a buzzword for a very good reason! Big data gives us significant insights into consumer behaviour, which would ultimately mean that marketers the world over can devise more effective marketing strategies. But before these strategies can be devised, the data needs to be presented in a manner that is simple and easy to understand. In other words, it needs to be information, not data. This is where data visualisation comes in handy, presenting information in graphs, charts or easily-understood graphics that offer an uncluttered story. It provides marketers with a clear understanding of consumer habits and current trends, giving them a leg up when it comes to improving their online marketing strategies.
Marketing automation is a recent technological innovation that can provide social media posts to software programs, which then create content for consumption. It certainly benefits online marketing efforts in terms of efficiency and cost-effectiveness, but marketers who rely entirely on automation may see their creativity levels plunge considerably, which ultimately leads to boring marketing strategies that may not go down well with the target audience! Well, everything in moderation, so the saying goes!
The Internet of Things (IoT)
The Internet of Things (IoT) defines all forms of internet-enabled, interconnected devices such as smart kitchen and home appliances that can be integrated into a single system. This technological innovation is an efficient online marketing strategy targeting consumers who use these devices. Back in the day, home advertising used to come in the form of TV or radio adverts, but since the advent of IoT, marketers have found it a lot easier to carry out targeted advertising to consumers in the comfort of their own homes. This new technology is already redefining the sphere of online marketing in ways unheard of before this!
There is no doubt that technology is always changing, thus being extremely important for us to keep up on the most recent technological innovations . Our team here at ThunderQuote hopes that this article gives a detail insight on the new technologies shaping online marketing for the better. For more information, please click related articles or visit our website.
ThunderQuote is the most comprehensive business services portal in Singapore, Australia and ASEAN , where hundreds of thousands of dollars of procurement contracts are sourced every month by major companies like Singapore Press Holdings, National Trade Union Congress and more. | <urn:uuid:edf6f517-24e0-4918-8e79-8f7079eb2572> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.thunderquote.com/2017/07/04/7-new-technologies-shaping-online-marketing-for-the-better/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00071.warc.gz | en | 0.948299 | 1,457 | 1.5625 | 2 |
To be honest, I’m not a big fan of cross-referenced file systems. Specifically, I’m not a fan of systems which require you to keep a secondary index of things you’ve already filed. Whether in a card system, a notebook or a
computer file, the more places you have to keep files organized, the more places for things to get out of control.
That being said, cross referencing works for some people and certain fixed types of cross references are easy for anybody to use. Also, the development of tags as metadata for electronic data serves as a type of cross reference.
What is cross referencing?
When organizing documents or records you will have those which could belong under more than one category or file name. To manage this, file the records in one category and place a cross-reference note in the other. It is important to be consistent in deciding where to file records. Cross referencing can also trigger the mind into remembering information.
One of the most common examples of a cross reference is the index of a book. A cookbook might have a single recipe listed in several places in the index. For example, chicken pot pie could be listed under both pie and chicken categories.
There are Three Basic Ways to Cross References
1. SEE – used:
- When a subject heading can be referred to by more than one term. E.g., pets/dogs, anxiety/worry, auto/car
- When a subject can be a sub-file of a broader subject heading. E.g., Tokyo/Japan, scarves/winter clothing, chicken pot pie/pies
- When an obscure subject can be a sub-file and there is potential that it might be forgotten. E.g., asefetida/spices
2. SEE ALSO – used:
- When additional information about a subject can be found under related subjects. E.g., a Household folder may contain a renovation file with information on redoing a room. However, other files such as wallpaper, paint, carpeting, contractors might all contain related information.
3. REMINDER – used:
- When an item needed is on the back of or within an article filed under another subject. E.g., you clip an article from a photo magazine on how to take low-light pictures; the back of the first page has ten quick tips for Photoshop users.
- When an item needed is in a book. E.g., you have two shelves full of cook books. As you read and use them, you note the great chicken pot pie recipe that you want to take to the next pot-luck dinner you attend.
- When items are too big to fit into a file folder. E.g., we have a traditional family Christmas Eve dinner. I have a sheet filed in a binder with what we serve, what needs to be bought from where and when, and the time line for preparations.
All three cross-reference types can serve to: trigger the mind into remembering and direct to information in a file. In addition, it eliminates the need to file duplicates keeping the system clean.
- Easy Chicken Pot Pie (lifeafterswimming.wordpress.com) | <urn:uuid:e2b3807a-239f-4427-88d7-b403bcefda3c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.ismckenzie.com/how-to-organize-your-files-with-cross-referencing/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282926.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00392-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.923585 | 664 | 3.328125 | 3 |
نحمده و نصلي على رسوله الكريم
Hafiz Muhammad and Hadhrat Madani (rahimahullah)
In the district of Meerut, lived a buzurg by the name of Hafiz Muhammad Husain Sahib (rahimahullah). He was from among the special mureeds of Moulana Gangohi (rahimahullah). His legs, from below the knee, were bent inwards.
Thus, if he desired to go anywhere, he had to be carried on someone’s back. After the partition of India, he wrote a letter to Moulana Husain Ahmad Madani (rahimahullah). (He had also written to many other great ulama such as Moulana Aazaad and Moulana Habeeb-ur-Rahman Ludhyanwi (rahimahullah). The contents of his letters and the replies he received from them are unknown.) In his letter to Moulana Madani (rahimahullah) he wrote: “You were previously a mujaahid fighting the English for the freedom of India. Hence, the use of black dye was permissible for you. Allah Ta‘ala has made you successful in your mission and you are the leader of the nation. The usage of black dye is no longer permissible for you.”
“Insha-Allah, I shall adhere to your instruction,” assured Hadhrat Moulana Husain Ahmad (rahimahullah). Thereafter, Moulana Madani (rahimahullah) never used black dye.
Hafiz Muhammad Husain (rahimahullah) regularly visited Moulana Madani (rahimahullah). He once came to visit Moulana Madani (rahimahullah) at the time he was having his meals. Moulana (rahimahullah) was entertaining a few guests, one of whom was ill. Hence, a special diet dish was prepared for the sick guest.
Moulana Madani’s (rahimahullah) practice was to serve the meal to the guests on a large platter, which was placed at the centre of a round dastarkhaani (eating cloth). The rotis were wrapped in a cloth, which Moulana (rahimahullah) kept by him. Before partaking of the meal, Moulana (rahimahullah) would place two rotis before each guest. During the meal, he vigilantly observed his guests and gave another roti to the one who had only a small portion remaining. On that particular day, when Hafiz Muhammad Husain (rahimahullah) arrived and contrary to the normal practice, two different dishes were served. “Moulana,” exclaimed Hafiz Muhammad Husain (rahimahullah), “were two dishes ever placed on the dastarkhaan of Nabi (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam)?”
Moulana Madani (rahimahullah) did not cite the hadeeth which establishes that two different dishes were served on the dastarkhaan of Nabi (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) but rather humbly replied, “Hadhrat, you want us to adhere to the sunnat. We are the slaves of our stomachs. How can we ever adhere to the sunnat?”
Moulana Ahmad Shah (rahimahullah) and Mufti Mahmood Sahib (rahimahullah)
Moulana Ahmad Shah Sahib (rahimahullah) of Hasanpur, Moradabad was a very pious person. He had a special relationship with Moulana Gangohi (rahimahullah). I (Mufti Mahmood Sahib
“Where do you reside?” he asked me affectionately.
I replied: “Gangoh.”
“What are you studying?”
“Bukhaari Shareef, Tirmizi Shareef, etc.,” I barely mustered up the courage to reply.
“Do you revise your work often?” he questioned.
“It has always been my practice that at the beginning of every new year, I revise all the kitaabs of the previous year.”
“In that case,” he commanded, “stretch forth your hand so that I may kiss it.”
Crying over one’s actions
Towards the end of his life, he (Moulana Ahmad Shah Sahib) suffered some type of a sickness affecting his bladder. He passed urine by using a tube attached to a bottle, which he held in his hands. He even had to travel in this condition.
Someone once asked him: “What is the cause of this sickness?”
“My evil actions,” he lamented.
Puzzled, the man asked: “What evil actions are you talking about?”
“For years on end, I was able to pass urine a few times in a day with ease and comfort. However, not once did this ungrateful tongue of mine ever express gratitude to Allah Ta‘ala for this favour of His. Which action can be more evil than this? Allah Ta‘ala has warned us of His punishment for ingratitude:
وَلَئِن كَفَرْتُمْ إِنَّ عَذَابِي لَشَدِيدٌ
“And if you are ungrateful, indeed My punishment is severe.” (Ebrahim:7)
Moulana Ahmad Shah (rahimahullah) and Moulana Madani (rahimahullah)
He (Moulana Ahmad Shah Sahib) once visited Moulana Madani (rahimahullah). When Moulana Madani (rahimahullah) saw him, instead of embracing him and shaking his hand, Moulana bent down to kiss his feet. Moulana Ahmad Shah (rahimahullah) moved his foot away and did not allow Moulana Madani (rahimahullah) to kiss it. However, Moulana Madani (rahimahullah) got to kiss his hand.
“Why do you bring embarrassment upon me?” asked Moulana, feeling ashamed at Moulana Husain Ahmad Madani’s act of respect.
“You bring embarrassment to me by not allowing me to kiss your hand,” pointed out Moulana Husain Ahmad Madani (rahimahullah).
They then proceeded to the musjid, to perform salaah, with Moulana Madani (rahimahullah) walking in front.
Moulana Madani’s (rahimahullah) previous habit when entering the musjid was to raise his feet backwards, one at a time, and in this way remove his shoes. However, one sincere mureed was the cause of Moulana abandoning this habit.
(It happned as follows:) Once, when Moulana (rahimahullah) was raising his foot to remove his shoe, this mureed came to assist Moulana and took hold of both legs of Moulana. This caused Moulana to fall and injure his knees. From then onwards Moulana Madani (rahimahullah) began removing his shoes outside the musjid.
On that day, when Moulana removed his shoes and entered the musjid, Moulana Ahmad Sahib came from behind, picked up Moulana’s shoes, kissed them and said: “O Allah Ta‘ala! That slave of Yours (Moulana Madani) kissed my hand. I make You the witness that I have kissed his shoes in lieu thereof.”
Moulana Ihtishaam-ul-Hasan and Moulana Ahmad Shah (rahimahullah)
There was a Moulana Ihtishaam-ul-Hasan Sahib (rahimahullah) who resided in Khandla. His two brothers are still alive (this was at the time of the discourse), one is Moulana Izhaar-ul-Hasan Sahib and the other is Moulana Iftikhaar-ul-Hasan Sahib.
Moulana Ihtishaam-ul-Hasan Sahib mentioned that Moulana Ahmad Shah Sahib (rahimahullah) said to him on one occasion: “Moulana Ihtishaam. I have to go to Calcutta. A friend has requested me to lay the foundation of his house. My desire is that you accompany me and I shall get you to lay the foundation.”
Moulana agreed to accompany Moulana Ahmad Shah Sahib (rahimahullah). Before embarking on the journey, Moulana Ahmad Shah (rahimahullah) further added: “Brother Ihtishaam, you will be the ameer (leader) for this journey.”
On reaching Calcutta, Moulana Ahmad Shah, who was accustomed to remaining in a state of wudhu always, contracted severe diarrhoea. During the night he had to get up on numerous occasions to relieve himself and would make wudhu thereafter.
“Hadhrat,” Moulana Ihtishaam remarked. “You have appointed me as your ameer. Your ameer is now requesting you not to wake up for Tahajjud Salaah tonight.”
On hearing this, Moulana Ahmad Shah (rahimahullah) remained silent; he neither agreed nor disagreed. It seemed as though he was engaged in deep thought. When there was about an hour left for subh saadiq, Moulana Ahmad (rahimahullah) gently shook Moulana Ihtishaam’s foot. Moulana Ihtishaam (rahimahullah) awoke and saw Moulana Ahmad (rahimahullah) crying uncontrollably. He asked Moulana Ahmad (rahimahullah) the reason why he was crying, to which he replied: “I had taken bay’at at the hands of Moulana Gangohi (rahimahullah) 57 years ago. Since then, I have never missed a single Tahajjud Salaah. You are my ameer and you have asked me not to perform Tahajjud tonight. (To obey the ameer is necessary.) Therefore, I beg you in the name of Moulana Gangohi (rahimahullah) to allow me to perform Tahajjud.”
“Hadhrat, I permit you to do as you please,” replied Moulana Ihtishaam, obviously taken aback by Moulana Ahmad Shah’s request.
When the time came for laying the foundation, Moulana Ahmad (rahimahullah) laid the foundation himself and did not allow Moulana Ihtishaam to lay it. On reaching the guesthouse, Moulana Ihtishaam asked: “Hadhrat, you took me along to lay the foundation. Why did you lay it yourself?”
“Yes, I had brought you to lay the foundation because you are a pious person,” admitted Moulana Ahmad Shah. “I did not want to lay it myself out of fear that my sins will have a bad effect on the foundation. However, I had seen that the trench was very deep and there was a danger of you injuring yourself. I thought to myself that Allah Ta‘ala desires to use you for the service of deen; therefore, you should not take the risk of injuring yourself by laying the foundation. If anyone should take the risk and face the danger, it should be me because I am old and a non-entity. If I get hurt or even die, that would not be a loss.”
The person, who had invited Moulana Ahmad (rahimahullah) to lay the foundation, gave him 950 rupees as a gift. Moulana Ahmad (rahimahullah) took only the amount which covered his travel expenses and returned the rest of the money. Thereafter, they went to the local musjid to perform their salaah. After the salaah, someone gave Moulana Ahmad (rahimahullah) fifteen rupees as a gift. Moulana (rahimahullah) accepted it and gave seven and half rupees to Moulana Ihtishaam.
“Hadhrat, why did you reject the gift of 950 rupees and accepted the gift of 15 rupees, and what is the reason for giving me half?” queried Moulana Ihtishaam.
“I am in debt of 950 rupees,” explained Moulana Ahmad, “and I had made du’aa to Allah Ta‘ala to absolve me of this debt. A few days later, I received the letter of this person requesting me to lay the foundation of his house. I thought to myself that the arrangement for the payment of my debt is being made; whereas this is ishraaf-e-nafs (subtle greed of the inner-self). It is impermissible to take anything with such an intention. That is why I did not accept the gift of 950 rupees. However, the person in the musjid gave me 15 rupees as a gift. This was a sunnat gift and consequently I accepted it. It did not amount to ishraaf-e-nafs. And due to the fact that you are my companion in the journey, I gave you half the amount, for ‘Gifts are to be shared’.”
This very same Moulana Ahmad Sahib (rahimahullah) used to complain to Shaikh-ul-Hadeeth (rahimahullah) about his son. One of his major complaints was that his son used to eat bareheaded. Hadhrat Shaikh-ul-Hadeeth (rahimahullah) also some time ate bareheaded. During the summer months he used to be engaged in his work in the Dar-ut-Tasneef (study room) wearing only a lungi and a vest (due to the extreme heat). When he was called for meals, he would go and eat in that very same condition, but whenever he saw Moulana Ahmad (rahimahullah) coming, he used to quickly cover his head with a topee.
A person from Gangoh asked Moulana Ahmad Sahib (rahimahullah) for his mashwarah (opinion) regarding whom he should take bay’at with. Moulana suggested that he should take bay’at at the hands of Moulana Madani (rahimahullah). This person suggested the name of someone else who was not an aalim. Moulana explained to him in a very beautiful manner: “Brother! If you are going for hajj and you have a choice of taking along one of two guides; one who knows the route from here to Delhi and the other knows the route from here to Makkah Mukarramah, which guide will you take?”
His son was Moulana Muhammad who frequently came to Deoband and was the khaleefah of Moulana Madani (rahimahullah).
The great ambition of creating a bond with Allah Ta‘ala
Once, a person had written a letter to Moulana Gangohi (rahimahullah) with the following request: “I wish to sit in your company, provided you link me to Allah Ta‘ala.”
“What is your profession? How will you meet your expenses? For how long will your stay be here?” enquired Moulana Gangohi (rahimahullah).
He replied: “I am a government official and I will be able to meet my expenses from my income. I can take leave for a month and I am accustomed to sleeping on a bed.”
Moulana Gangohi (rahimahullah) wrote back and advised: “There are no beds here. You will have to sleep on a grass mat. There will be no expenses for you here. You will eat whatever I eat. Leave enough money with your wife to cover the expenses for a month, apply for leave immediately and come here. On your arrival, show this letter to me.”
When he arrived at the khanqah and presented the letter, Hadhrat Gangohi (rahimahullah) asked: “You were supposed to have arrived yesterday. Where did you spend one day?”
“I went to meet an old acquaintance,” he disclosed.
“You have such a great ambition to create a bond with Allah Ta‘ala. To achieve this ambition you took out only a month from your valuable life and now from this month also, you wasted another day,” reprimanded Moulana (rahimahullah). He felt very hurt and acknowledged his fault.
Anyhow, he stayed with Hadhrat for the designated period and achieved his goal.
A person used to shiver and wail in Hadhrat Gangohi’s (rahimahullah) majlis. When his anxiety increased, Hadhrat asked him: “Why are you so distressed?”
“I have committed a number of sins and I fear the punishment of Jahannum,” he replied.
“Do not fear,” Moulana said calmly. “I have been promised that whoever has any link with me will not go to Jahannum.” (i.e. by adopting his teachings, they will be punctual on the Shari’ah.)
Nothing incorrect will be uttered by my tongue
Hadhrat Shaikh’s father, Moulana Yahya (rahimahullah), was searching for a mas’alah, which he failed to locate. He related this to Hadhrat Gangohi (rahimahullah) who told him: “Search for it in Shaami.”
“I have checked in Shaami. It is not there,” he declared.
Hadhrat Gangohi (rahimahullah) said: “It is in Shaami.”
“Hadhrat, it is not in Shaami,” insisted Moulana Yahya (rahimahullah).
“Very well! Bring such and such volume to me.” At that time Hadhrat had lost his sigh and was blind. Hadhrat (rahimahullah) opened it in such a way that two-thirds of the pages were on one side and one-third of the pages were on the other side.”
“Look at the bottom of this page,” Hadhrat (rahimahullah) instructed. There was a tone of conviction in Hadhrat’s (rahimahullah) voice.
Moulana Yahya (rahimahullah) checked and commented: “Yes, Hadhrat, the mas’alah is here.”
“I have been promised that nothing incorrect will ever be uttered by my tongue,” Moulana Gangohi (rahimahullah) explained. (Perhaps this promise came in a dream – compiler.)
Hafiz of Mishkaat
There was a person from Lucknow by the name of Moulana Waarith Hasan Sahib (rahimahullah). Moulana Fakhruddeen Sahib (rahimahullah) personally told me (Hadhrat Mufti Mahmood Sahib (rahimahullah) that Moulana Waarith Hasan Sahib (rahimahullah) memorised the entire Mishkaat Shareef and read it to Hadhrat Moulana Shaikh-ul-Hind (rahimahullah) from memory. He also memorised the Qur’aan and read it to Moulana Gangohi (rahimahullah). He had a multitude of mureeds, many of whom were professionals, such as government officials, lawyers, barristers and debt collectors, etc.
He was the mayor of Kora Jahaan Abaad. His son, Bare-Mia, used to stay in Teele Wali Musjid of Lucknow. A person came to Moulana Waarith Hasan (rahimahullah) and said: “I wish to take bay’at at your hands. However, I do not regard these people (he took the names of a few Akaabir from Deoband) as Muslims. If you can accept me for bay’at in this condition of mine, please do so.”
He was a thoroughbred Radhaakhani (follower of Molwi Ahmad Radha Khan). Moulana Waarith (rahimahullah) accepted him for bay’at. After a few days, he came to Moulana trembling and weeping. He was extremely distressed.
“What is the matter?” Moulana queried.
“I have come to repent,” he disclosed. “I had seen in a dream that Moulana Gangohi (rahimahullah) was sitting in front of Nabi (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) in the tashahhud position with his hands on the knees of Nabi (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam).
“He asked: ‘O Messenger of Allah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam)! Inform me of my fault. Why do these people speak ill of me?’
“Nabi (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) picked him up by the elbows and embraced him saying: ‘I do not speak ill of you,’ thrice.
“After seeing this dream, I have come to repent and I shall never speak ill of them again.”
Moulana Waarith (rahimahullah) and the saadhu
There was a saadhu in Banaras by the name of Murtaadh. He remained in solitude for 359 days of the year. He was ‘liberated’ from the daily needs experienced by man and he used to sit in one position only. Once a year, he emerged from his ‘abode’ and people flocked from far and wide just to get a glimpse of him. Hadhrat Shah Waarith Hasan (rahimahullah) heard that this saadhu was to emerge from his ‘abode’ on a particular date. Thus, he decided to go and see him.
When the saadhu emerged, he was black as coal and his condition was that of bones held together by skin. He had no meat on his body. His eyebrows were long and sagging. When Hadhrat Shah Waarith (rahimahullah) came near, the saadhu’s body became like a mirror and the reflection of everything could be seen in him. Hadhrat Shah Waarith (rahimahullah) was alarmed (as his spiritual state was disturbed) and immediately made tasawwur of (focused his thoughts towards) Hadhrat Gangohi (rahimahullah). When he had done this, the saadhu’s body returned to its normal state. The saadhu raised his eyebrows and asked: “Who is your spiritual mentor?”
“Moulana Rasheed Ahmad Gangohi (rahimahullah),” was the firm reply from Moulana Shah Waarith (rahimahullah).
The saadhu said: “I see a musjid. Behind the musjid is a courtyard. A wild fig tree is growing therein. There is also a three-door room in the courtyard. Under the fig tree is a bed. Your mentor is lying down on that bed. Your mentor has great spiritual strength.”
= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
Question: Is it possible for disbelievers to perform these miracles?
Answer: Those aspects of deen which are accepted by Allah Ta‘ala cannot exist with kufr, but those things which are related purely to spiritual exercises, can exist with kufr. Daily, the lives of many people are saved through operations performed by kaafir doctors. This is not something bestowed due to acceptance. It is a thing earned through effort.
Whoever makes effort in a certain profession, will certainly succeed in it. Shaitaan can perform many miraculous feats despite being a kaafir. His kufr is established in the Qur’aan,
وَاسْتَكْبَرَ وَكَانَ مِنَ الْكَافِرِينَ
“He was proud and is from among the disbelievers.” (Baqarah: 34)
وَإِنَّ الشَّيَاطِينَ لَيُوحُونَ إِلَى أَوْلِيَائِهِمْ
“Indeed the devils whisper to their friends.” (al-An’aam: 121)
To believe such occurrences to be signs of acceptance is a misconception.
Yogi from America
A person from South Africa related the statement of a yogi from America: “What do Muslims have, that we don’t? Whatever they can do, we can do better.”
I (Hadhrat Mufti Mahmood Sahib (rahimahullah) said: “The Muslims have the adherence to the sunnat. Come and see if you can challenge that. The Muslims only wish to attain the adherence to the sunnat and nothing else.”
Once, I needed to travel from Saharanpur on the ‘Day of Holi’ (Hindu festival of colour) and people were playing with colours, spraying them around. I walked to the station while all those colours were being sprayed around. Allah Ta‘ala protected me from being sprayed by them.
I travelled by train to Hardoi. In Hardoi I boarded a rickshaw and a Hindu gentleman joined me on the rickshaw. On reaching a certain place, we came across a mob who had syringes in their hands, filled with coloured water. One of them came towards me and as he attempted to spray me, I raised my hand and said: “Hey! Watch out!”
They backed off and said to one another: “Don’t spray it on anybody and everybody. Look carefully at the person before spraying it.”
“If it was not for you, they would have made a fool of me. Through you, I was saved from them,” beamed the Hindu gentleman.
“You do not accompany me (in religion),” I sighed. “If you do, you will be saved there (in the hereafter) as well. Unfortunately, you have been taught not to join the Muslims and to remain aloof from them.” | <urn:uuid:97cdabf5-8457-4677-b5b4-8836b5da1a35> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://alhaadi.org.za/discourse-15-soul-searching-and-following-the-sunnat/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00675.warc.gz | en | 0.967886 | 5,795 | 3.140625 | 3 |
Tuesdays, January 24 - April 18, 2017 from 6:15-7:15 pm
This program is open to kids ages 6-12.
Our 60-minute kids classes are designed to provide a fun learning environment that focuses on playful interactions in the target language. It will sensitize children to language learning, help them acquire an awareness and appreciation of other cultures, enhance their understanding of the native language, and hopefully motivate them to pursue language study.
Program details and registration
For more information: | <urn:uuid:186eefc2-43d0-44f7-99cc-8d39e526579d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.spartanyouth.msu.edu/Resource.aspx?ResourceID=460 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280763.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00511-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.944327 | 104 | 1.96875 | 2 |
Esl College Article Examples
While there could be numerous options for you, you need to choose the best options that will not make your situation worse..Systems aims: Grammar, vocab (new lexis—if you’re fancyyy) Materials needed: Sample prompt or sample questions, pencil, paper.The four units below are all taken from our book Write Right: 9 Beginner ESL Writing Lessons, available for instant download!Provides full text articles from 800+ newspapers, as well as thousands of television and radio news transcripts.English as a Second Language: Jumbled Sentence Exercises: This site allows ESL students to test their word knowledge by rearranging the given words to form a sentence English language learner in the process of esl college article examples language learning.It is shorter than the original, usually 10-20% of the original.Newer articles or revised articles esl college article examples are listed in the first section below On its admissions page, Hamilton lists multiple college essay examples written by students admitted to the school.Purchasing a research paper sample for college submission is one of the options.(American Youth Policy Forum, 2009; Kanno & Cromley, 2015).If you write an article review in the APA format, you will need to write bibliographical entries for the sources you use:.10 College Tips for Freshman Women.It omits most if not all examples and other details.The SEA Survey of 1999- 2000 notes that Michigan had 44,471 LEP students enrolled in public schools, which was a 25.Esl analysis essay editor services for university; Esl college reflective essay examples.Location can be a relative term.The only difference is if the end result is either a dialogue or a text.Begin the critique English as a Second Language (ESL) Expert.Students who speak English as a second language (ESL) constitute a significant percentage of the nation's school population: schools currently provide programs for nearly 3 million ESL students, and it is estimated that this population is growing two and half times faster than that of.Before reading the article, ask students what they think the article.The is used to refer to specific or particular nouns; a/an is used to modify non-specific or non-particular nouns.First, the sample size was small.Sample annotated texts – Journal article · Book chapter excerpt; After reading.Learn how esl college article examples to use articles (a, an, the) in English with useful grammar rules, ESL printable worksheets and example sentences.English as a Second Language (ESL) is not provided for all students in the state of Michigan whose native language is one other than English.Summarize the text in your own words (note what you learned, impressions, and reactions) in an outline, concept map, or matrix (for several texts) Talk to someone about the author’s ideas to check your comprehension; Identify and reread difficult parts of the text.Out of 802 incoming students who were invited to participate, only 32 students completed the pre- and post- anxiety inventory.If your kindergarten students have a bit of English education under their belts, you might opt for lesson plans that include slightly more advanced (yet still simple and fun) vocabulary..Take, for example, a 12-year-old who still can't read in English.The speaker talks about a particular (or known) thing.
Easy Resume Example
For access to all OWL resources, click here.This is most often conducted using a checklist provided by the teacher, at a stage where the student can act on the feedback to improve the work English has two articles: the and a/an.I use it several times in the post because schools sometimes refer to the teachers as ESL teachers, and the term is still widely used as a search term.Articles Worksheet Download: Articles-Worksheet-Englishcurrent.Vowel letters in the English alphabet are A, E, I, O, U Some ESL students will be chomping at the bit to get into an all English classroom.Sticking with reputable online news resources is the best approach to tracking down ESL news articles.My favorite hobby is playing drums.Academic language, as well as numerous examples of the different kinds of academic language needed for all students to fully participate in classroom activities and assignments Teaching English as a foreign language is a challenging, yet rewarding career choice.Our articles for college students feature university rankings of U.Rather than placing that student into a first- or second-grade class with much younger kids who are learning to read, that 12-year.Notice how the use of this, that, these and those changes depending on the location of the speakers in the following dialogs.LessonWriter -- Create your own free reading lessons from electronic materials, e.For either, though, developing these reading, listening and test taking skills before entering an American college or university can mean the difference between failure and.Esl college personal essay example par May 10, 2021 19 mai 2021 Laisser un commentaire sur Esl college personal essay example While writing an expository essay, you need to examine your chosen subject thoroughly.Articles included in publications usually contain information on current issues or events happening around the area of the writer or the publication For example: A boy, a cat, a dog, a fight, a gym, a horse, a joke, a kite, a lion, a mirror, a noise, a pin, a quilt, etc.There are many different types of nouns in English, each designed to serve a different purpose in an English sentence.CiteScore values are based on citation counts in a range of four years (e.Examples of Nouns to Name a Person.We call the the definite article and a/an the indefinite article.Rather than placing that student into a first- or second-grade class with much younger kids who are learning to read, that 12-year.It defines adjectives and adverbs, shows what each can do, and offers several examples of each in use Writing exercises for ESL Learners.For example, if I say, "Let's read the book," I mean a specific book If English is all new to your 5-6-year-old students, esl college article examples you’ll want lesson plans focused on the most essential foundations of English such as the alphabet.Esl analysis essay editor services for university; Esl college reflective essay examples.You esl college personal essay example.TESOL Diploma, Trinity College London Conversational Examples.This section of the ESL site contains many exercises for learners to practice the various aspects of written English, including spelling and punctuation.8 CiteScore measures the average citations received per peer-reviewed document published in this title.Study English Articles (A, An, The) Online with These Exercises.Articles are written to discuss different subjects or topics.The database contains comprehensive full text for major newspapers such as The New York Times (from January 1985 to present), The Christian Science Monitor, The San Francisco Chronicle, The Sydney Morning Herald (Australia), The Times of London, The Toronto Star, USA Today, The.International students applying for admission without providing any TOEFL or other English proficiency test scores will take an English language placement test during orientation.Esl analysis essay editor services for university; Esl college reflective essay examples. | <urn:uuid:a29da256-cbd4-4075-8ca2-d0bba6de8967> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.pressealpesmaritimes.com/?p=58699919 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00271.warc.gz | en | 0.919332 | 1,523 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Website performance has to be improved to bring in more clients. Unless you make an impression with your services and offers, the chances for you to earn a profit from the brand are almost zero. Ranking your website on search engines is one thing and making it look appealing is another; you need to look into all these features to ensure more sales of your services and products. Several factors have to be taken into consideration when improving the overall appeal of the website. We almost always neglect some of the most important elements to pay attention to only the least valuable aspects. SEO and design interplay to form a synergy, promoting each other. This will boost the reputation and brand of not just the brand but also the services used. Let us look at a few ways how SEO and web design blend together.
If you are familiar with SEO and web design, you might know how important mobile-friendly features are. You may be quite outdated in terms of the services offered. It is high time that you improve your site to be functional to the small devices as well. Mobile-friendliness was also made a ranking factor almost five years back. Google has given due importance to mobile-friendly websites. The number of people surfing through websites on desktops has decreased significantly over the past several years, while people searching on mobile devices increased.
More than half of the audience is generated from mobile devices; so, you must also focus on making your website appealing on smartphones. Since you are alienating a huge number of potential clients by ignoring the need for a mobile-friendly design, you must start paying attention to everything you do to make the website accessible on mobile devices.
2. Designs Must be Easy to Read
Improving your SEO also includes content optimization. Some people forget the fact that designs have the ability to seep through the screens into the hearts of viewers. If the visitors found nothing relatable and appealing on the site, they are most likely to quit using your services or even disregard your offerings. The font used should be legible, meaning the colors and the style must go together to be attractive. You must also look at the size of the text so that you don’t end up developing a site with the least amount of aesthetic qualities. Your money lies in creating the best platform for the customers. So, make sure to keep everything minimal and easy to absorb.
3. Speed of the Website
Factors that slow down your website must be checked for and tweaked to improve the performance. If your site hasn’t been ranked well, one of the main reasons could be the slow and rough path followed. The images must be optimized, and the unnecessary plugins should be eliminated to make your site faster. If the site takes longer than three seconds, the visitors are likely to abandon it right away. | <urn:uuid:fe667463-ea06-4c8b-a486-9f165959b0e6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.leapontheweb.com/3-ways-seo-web-design-go-together/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00466.warc.gz | en | 0.956128 | 571 | 1.617188 | 2 |
UN Security Council Resolution 2139 of February 22, 2014, ordered all parties to the conflict in Syria to end the discriminate use of barrel bombs and other weapons in populated areas. In spite of that, both the Syrian and the Iraqi governments continue using them against civilians. Human rights groups have characterized them as weapons of terror and illegal under international conventions.
Barrel bombs are a type of improvised explosive device (IED) sometimes described as “flying IED” typically made from a barrel that has been filled with high explosives, shrapnel, oil and chemicals and then dropped from a plane or a helicopter. They are cheap to produce, so they are used extensively in ongoing conflicts such as Syria and Iraq. Because different explosives can fit into them, and due to their poor accuracy and indiscriminate use in civilian areas they provoke devastating effects and loss of lives.
The earlier use of these bombs was in South Sudan in the 1990s, where they were expelled from transport planes. Since then, they are now being extensively used by the Syrian Air Force and by the Iraqi government forces, as happened during the Anbar clashes (2013-2014.)
“What is happening now in Iraq definitely started in Syria. If I were al-Maliki, and seeing Assad next door using the same tactics without a slap on the wrist and gaining ground as a result, it stands to reason he would say, “Why the hell not?’” said Erin Evers of Human Rights Watch.
Residents of Tikrit, Baiji and Mosul report also that government forces dropped barrel bombs on their cities during the 2014 Northern Iraq offensive, as they also did later in July in Fallujah and the nearby town of Al-Karmath.
Barrel bombs use in Syria was first identified in August 2012. Although a Russian military expert initially denied its existence, an October 2012 video clearly showed a barrel bomb being lit and dropped by Syrian Air Force personnel. It is estimated that between 5,000 and 6,000 barrel bombs have been used and that more than 20,000 people have been killed by them since the conflict in Syria began in March 2011.
Aleppo has been the focal point for the use of barrel bombs by the Syrian government. According to evidence gathered by Human Rights Watch, Syrian government forces have increased the use of barrel bombs since the UN Security Council passed the resolution banning their use last February.
Since that resolution was passed until July 14, 2014, Human Rights Watch identified over 650 new major strikes in Aleppo neighborhoods held by groups opposing the government. According to statistics from the Violations Documentation Center, aerial bomb attacks killed 1,655 civilians in the Aleppo governorate between February 22 and July 22, 2014.
Area bombing or carpet bombing, where conventional shells are used to bombard a large are from the air – a practice widely used during Second World War- was banned by the 1977 Additional Protocol I to the Geneva Convention. The Geneva Conventions of 1949 are still considered the cornerstone of contemporary humanitarian law.
Additional Protocol I relates to the protection of victims of international armed conflicts. According to this Protocol, it is not lawful to treat a whole city as a target simply because it contained a number of separate military targets within it. These kinds of actions also violate the principles established in the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court regarding the protection of civilians in combat zones.
UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon has been extremely critical of the use of weapons that increasingly kill innocent civilians and continue to fuel the conflict. “Further escalation of violence will only serve the agenda of those who see military means as the only way forward, at the expense of the Syrian people, who have suffered enough already,” he said referring to the war in Syria.
Dr. Cesar Chelala is a winner of an Overseas Press Club of America award. | <urn:uuid:40162944-6f6d-4b9b-b06f-a9ee9a92628b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.counterpunch.org/2014/08/11/war-crimes-barrel-bombs-in-syria-and-iraq/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.974039 | 778 | 2.6875 | 3 |
witness to the (digital) world
Saturday 6 November 2021
5 10 PM
7 November 5 December 2021
Opening: 6th November, 2021, 5 – 10 p.m.
Duration: 7th November – 5th December, 2021
NAK Neuer Aachener Kunstverein, in cooperation with STAWAG, is pleased to present the first institutional exhibition of the artist duo Fleckstein/ Dworczyk as part of the exhibition series Young Art Euroregion.
In the exhibition witness to the (digital) world, Fleckstein and Dworczyk realize multimedia works site-specifically for the exhibition space of the Kunstverein. They address the unity and inseparability of current technological developments with the realities of our lives and reflect on the phenomena of a digital culture. Via screenshots, manipulated user interfaces of digital applications as well as artificially generated voices and body images, the artists approach the motifs, elements and details of the (digital) everyday life in a dialogical way.
In their work, the ambiguity of social networks in terms of self-presentation and the underlying reality as well as the relationship between anonymous user behavior and media prominence take on an important role. Private and personal everyday objects meet media references in the installations. The duality of digital and analog worlds is questioned, the problematic nature of the supposed binary principle is revealed.
Hannes Fleckstein and Mateusz Dworczyk have been working together in dialogue since 2018. The individual and social handling of image data is the starting point for their joint artistic practice. They embrace the possibilities of digital image production and examine images as signs in the environment of socio-technical networks.
Hannes Fleckstein was born in Greifswald in 1985. He studied media art at the Akademie für Handwerksdesign Gut Rosenberg, Aachen, and the Muthesius Kunsthochschule, Kiel, under Prof. Arnold Dreyblatt and Prof.in Sabine Hornig, as well as experimental design at the UFG Linz under Prof.in Anna Jermolaewa. Mateusz Dworczyk, born in 1994 in Zabrze, Poland, studied photography under Prof. Peter Hendricks and Prof.in Dr. Petra Maria Meyer at the Muthesius Kunsthochschule, Kiel. Fleckstein/ Dworzyk live and work in Kiel.
Kindly supported by: | <urn:uuid:0f725e8f-9ed7-4f37-ad1b-f5098882494d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.neueraachenerkunstverein.de/content/2021/ausstellungen/witness-to-the-digital-world/?lang=en | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572161.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815054743-20220815084743-00474.warc.gz | en | 0.910882 | 521 | 1.585938 | 2 |
Every aspect of the current immigration bill, and of the arguments made for it, has Fraud written all over it.
The first, and perhaps biggest, fraud is the argument that illegal aliens are "doing jobs Americans won't do." There are no such jobs.
Even in the sector of the economy in which illegal immigrants have the highest representation agriculture they are just 24 percent of the workers. Where did the other 76 percent come from, if these are jobs that Americans won't do?
The argument that illegal agricultural workers are "making a contribution to the economy" is likewise misleading.
For well over half a century, this country has had chronic agricultural surpluses which have cost the taxpayers billions of dollars a year to buy, store, and try to get rid of on the world market at money-losing prices.
If there were fewer agricultural workers and smaller agricultural surpluses, the taxpayers would save money.
What about illegal immigrants working outside of agriculture? They are a great bargain for their employers, because they are usually hard-working people who accept low pay and don't cause any trouble on the job.
But they are no bargain for the taxpayers who cover their medical bills, the education of their children and the costs of imprisoning those who commit a disproportionate share of crime.
| OWN DR. SOWELL'S LATEST BOOK …|
at a discount
by clicking HERE.
Analogies with immigrants who came to this country in the 19th century and early 20th century are hollow, and those who make such analogies must know how different the situation is today.
People who crossed an ocean to get here, many generations ago, usually came here to become Americans. There were organized efforts within their communities, as well as in the larger society around them, to help them assimilate.
Today, there are activists working in just the opposite direction, to keep foreigners foreign, to demand that society adjust to them by making everything accessible to them in their own language, minimizing their need to learn English.
As activists are working hard to keep alive a foreign subculture in so-called "bilingual" and other programs, they are also feeding the young especially with a steady diet of historic grievances about things that happened before the immigrants got here and before they were born.
These Balkanization efforts are joined by other Americans as part of the "multicultural" ideology that pervades the education system, the media, and politics.
The ease with which people can move back and forth between the United States and Mexico as contrasted with those who made a one-way trip across the Atlantic in earlier times reduces still further the likelihood that these new immigrants will assimilate and become an integral part of the American society as readily as many earlier immigrants did.
Claims that the new immigration bill will have "tough" requirements, including learning English, have little credibility in view of the way existing laws are not being enforced.
What does "learning English" mean? I can say "arrivederci" and "buongiorno" but does that mean that I speak Italian?
Does anyone expect a serious effort to require a real knowledge of English from a government that captures people trying to enter the country illegally and then turns them loose inside the United States with instructions to report back to court which of course they are not about to do?
Another fraudulent argument for the new immigration bill is that it would facilitate the "unification of families." People can unify their families by going back home to them. Otherwise every illegal immigrant accepted can mean a dozen relatives to follow.
"What can we do with the 12 million people already here illegally?" is the question asked by amnesty supporters. We can stop them from becoming 40 million or 50 million, the way 3 million illegals became 12 million after the previous amnesty.
The most fundamental question of all has not been asked: Who should decide how many people, with what qualifications and prospects, are to be admitted into this country? Is that decision supposed to be made by anyone in Mexico who wants to come here? | <urn:uuid:b39475de-fccc-46c2-a38a-61cc8ea60233> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://jewishworldreview.com/cols/sowell052207b.php3 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719908.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00158-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.978392 | 832 | 1.992188 | 2 |
Urbanization is a big trend in India. But in a country with an estimated population of 1.4 billion people, some 900 million live in rural areas. That figure alone amounts to more than 11 percent of the entire population of Earth. That’s why India’s first rural 5G trial, by Ericsson and Airtel, on already-available 3GPP-compliant 5G technology, is big news.
The trial signals that the most transformative connectivity technology in history is already capable of being deployed using the same 3GPP standards as the rest of the world – and can help to bridge India’s rural-urban digital divide in the process.
The trial, which took place in Bhaipur Bramanan village on the outskirts of Delhi, focused on Airtel and Ericsson’s ability to bring 3GPP-compliant Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) and enhanced mobile broadband 5G capabilities to larger rural area spans.
The trial was carried out using 3.5Ghz mid-band test 5G spectrum – awarded to Airtel by India’s Department of Telecom for the purposes of the trial. Existing FDD spectrum was also used during the trial.
More than 200Mbps throughput was achieved on the 3GPP compliant 5G FWA device at distance of more than 10 km from the test site. As part of the trial, a commercially available 3GPP-based 5G smartphone connected to the 5G test network, delivering more than 100Mbps speeds beyond a 10km range.
This equates to an inter-site (between two 5G sites) coverage of approximately 20 kms, showing that high-speed 5G broadband coverage can be deployed across even remote areas. The trial also highlighted Airtel’s capability of enabling 5G for both coverage and capacity over its existing nationwide 4G infrastructure.
Randeep Singh Sekhon, CTO, Airtel, says: “Having demonstrated India’s first 5G network and also the first 5G cloud gaming experience, Airtel is proud to have also conducted the nation’s first 5G trial in a rural setting.”
He adds: “5G will be a transformational technology when it comes to delivering broadband coverage to the last mile through use cases like Fixed Wireless Access and contribute to a more inclusive digital economy. Airtel will continue to be at the forefront of 5G technology and bring more India-relevant use cases through partnerships such as the one with Ericsson.”
Nunzio Mirtillo, Head of Ericsson South East Asia, Oceania and India, says: “The technology milestone of extended coverage achieved by Ericsson and Airtel as part of the ongoing 5G trial in India is significant as it shows how 5G can connect the unconnected in India, enable faster 5G rollout and help the country to realize its Digital India vision. 5G will serve as a socio-economic multiplier for the country.”
Other Airtel and Ericsson 5G success
Airtel and Ericsson have successfully partnered in recent months to demonstrate enhanced speeds of more than 1Gbps at a live test 5G network at Cyber Hub in Gurgaon. The test uses Airtel’s 3.5 Ghz trial spectrum.
In January 2021, Airtel and Ericsson showcased the dynamic spectrum sharing of 4G and 5G capabilities on a commercially deployed installed base on the 1800MHz frequency in Hyderabad to give Airtel customers their first experience of 5G on a live commercial network. | <urn:uuid:7f89a1c2-0593-4ce1-922f-d932c444f95a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thequill.in/2021/10/15/the-ability-of-5g-to-connect-rural-india-showcased-by-airtel-and-ericsson/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00266.warc.gz | en | 0.927631 | 747 | 2.4375 | 2 |
NASA's Galaxy Evolution Explorer is helping to solve a mystery -- why do the littlest of galaxies produce the biggest of star explosions, or supernovae?
These postage-stamp images were taken by the ultraviolet-sensing telescope -- the top row shows four galaxies that each produced a typical supernova, while the bottom row shows four galaxies that each produced an ultra-bright supernova. All of the galaxies are located at the very center of the images. The top-row galaxies are roughly the size of our Milky Way galaxy.
It turns out that the tiny galaxies are producing supernovae that outshine all the stars in the galaxies in the top row. How can this be? Evidence from the Galaxy Evolution Explorer is helping provide an answer. It may be that, because the smaller galaxies contain few heavy atoms than the larger galaxies, their massive stars don't shed as much material and therefore remain plump. The plumper a star is when it explodes, the larger the blast.
The California Institute of Technology in Pasadena leads the Galaxy Evolution Explorer mission and is responsible for science operations and data analysis. NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, also in Pasadena, manages the mission and built the science instrument. The mission was developed under NASA's Explorers Program managed by the Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. Researchers sponsored by Yonsei University in South Korea and the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES) in France collaborated on this mission. | <urn:uuid:c4eaad58-bc7d-497e-b222-dcd9f7dcb344> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/spaceimages/details.php?id=PIA14090 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284352.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00192-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.90479 | 301 | 3.890625 | 4 |
No two states in the contemporary era are more completely hostage to the perverted logic of the Realism School of International Relations than India and Pakistan. The underlying wisdom that permeates that School’s reasoning is that, states like human beings are egotistical entities that seek to protect themselves from the constant threats posed to their existence by their peers. This they do by making themselves more powerful. They are also on the lookout to attack first. Premised on such “naturalness” of state behaviour the military and security establishments of states are always urging greater spending on defence to ward off attack.
Not surprisingly, an arms race follows, and as one side acquires better weapons the other side must try to offset that advantage and thus aim for even better killing capacity and capability. However, as both sides engage in such a competition both objective and subjective levels of insecurity go up because the new weapons and the training and preparation that is invested in learning to use them incrementally provides a higher level than before. In other words, the increased number and quality of weapons do not lower the fear and anxiety of the enemy but heighten it.
The hectic India–Pakistan arms race of course is not determined entirely by their notorious rivalry. India insists that it needs to arm itself better to thwart Chinese aggression, but Pakistan perceives a militarily stronger India as a greater threat to its security. Such a chain of reaction however dates only from 1962 when the Sino-India border war took place. It is also true that even when Pakistan began to receive military aid from the United States in the mid-1950s it was not until the 1965 war between India and Pakistan that they seriously began to outdo each other in terms of a serious arms race between them.
One would have imagined that when both sides demonstrated their ability to explode nuclear devices in May 1998, a “rational level” had been reached, because both were now in a position to inflict such massive injury on each other that they could just consolidate their positions on that level. However, the Chinese factor complicated that situation. Recent Indian hike on defence spending has made Pakistan nervous and it will seek to balance that by cultivating Chinese help.
In the past, realism-driven arms races have usually ended up in war – World War I and II are cases in point. Then, of course, the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union ended with the dissolution of the latter during 1989-91. The moral of the story is that an India-Pakistan arms race cannot go on interminably without dragging them into a war that neither will win but both will suffer unimaginable harm and damage, or one of them disintegrating under the weight of overspending on weapons. Even the latter outcome will greatly undermine the stability of the South Asian region. I would not venture speculating which of the two possibilities is more likely.
Their salvation lies in a negotiated settlement of their differences and disputes. In order to do that, they have to wrest themselves free from the fetters of realism and seek instead a relationship based on mutual trust and solidarity. Unfortunately, Europe learnt such a lesson only after millions of its people were consumed by world wars.
Hobbes, who along with Machiavelli is considered the main theorist of realism was not a cynic like the latter. He did have a solution in mind to the perpetual state of war and anarchy that prevailed in his state of nature. It was that a Sovereign should be established who could curtail the freedoms of enemies in return for ensuring them peace. The nearest to Hobbes’ idea of a Sovereign could be some third party that can compel them to enter negotiations and not abandon them until they agree to a resolution of their conflicts that is qualified by the imperative of all winners and no losers. India will probably resist that fiercely. In that case the onus is on India to demonstrate that it can transform realism by a novel bilateral initiative that assures Pakistan that it can be a partner in peace with it. Doing nothing is another option, of course, but it can prove to be a myopic decision or rather indecision.
We welcome all comments and feedback at firstname.lastname@example.org. | <urn:uuid:7083c0bd-a83d-4574-8cc4-87da96640321> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://blog.nus.edu.sg/southasiansoundings/tag/nuclear-weapons/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720153.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00324-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.977017 | 851 | 2.359375 | 2 |
“My powder has a Kst of 257bar.m/s, a Minimum Ignition Energy (MIE) of 3mJ and a bulk powder Volume Resistivity of 5X1015 ohm.m; do I have a problem?
As a contract process safety test laboratory, we have noticed more and more companies measuring the flash-fire and explosion properties of their powders; but how are they making use of the data they obtain? In this short piece, we provide a few pointers to help you make sense of all the data that you obtain as a part of Dust Hazard Analysis (DHA) requirements of NFPA 652…
Let’s stick to the basics and concentrate on 4 characteristics of powders that should concern us all. Powders can EXPLODE, they can simply SELF-HEAT, they can BURN, and sometimes they can generate an awful lot of STATIC ELECTRICITY. We’ll start with EXPLOSIONS:
Most of us know by now that if we disperse a powder in the air – where there is an ignition source – then we are at risk of flash fire (deflagration) or explosion. Explosions occur where the dispersed powder is contained inside process equipment or a building; Flash fires involve the same combustion processes but without the containment. The questions we want to ask are ‘how big or strong an explosion can I have with my powder AND how readily will it ignite in the first place?’ Of course, these questions are quickly turned into ‘how do I protect my facility from the forces of a dust explosion and how do I prevent it exploding to start with?’ These questions are answered by dust explosion tests.
Explosion strength is determined in the laboratory in a 20-Liter spherical test vessel from which a maximum explosion pressure (Pmax) and a ‘normalized’ maximum rate of pressure rise (Kst value) are determined. The bigger the Pmax and Kst values, the greater the explosion effects can be. These numbers have a variety of uses, but most frequently our consultants use them to design explosion protection measures for our clients – for example, explosion relief vent size and design activation pressure.
Ease of ignition by various ignitions sources are determined by other tests which we use to inform on the explosion prevention measures we need. The Minimum Ignition Energy (MIE) test measures the smallest spark energy that can ignite a powder and is used to determine bonding/ grounding requirements, need for operators to wear static-dissipative footwear, or the necessity to prohibit the use of insulating materials (e.g. plastic bags) in some cases….
Auto-ignition – Some powders can ‘auto-ignite’ in a cloud form when exposed to a heated environment, so knowledge of the Minimum Ignition Temperature of the dust cloud (MIT-cloud) can help set safe process temperatures.
Other ignition tests are available too, and some are described below.
There are many powders that will ‘self-heat’ and even ignite themselves if they are exposed to temperatures above a ‘self-heating’ on-set Temperature. Self-heating/ decomposition incidents leading to fire or explosion do occur with concerning regularity in powder drying operations and proper characterization of powders can help prevent this by determining safe drying and process temperatures. Self-heating is a complex area and we advise discussions with a specialist to determine the most appropriate tests. More than one test, such as the Grewer Oven test or UN self-heating N4 test, may be needed to understand powder self-heating properties fully. This is because safe drying and safe storage temperatures depend on such things as air availability, powder quantity, deposit thickness and other factors.
Hot surfaces on electrical equipment can also cause powder self-heating and fire and there is an additional powder Hot Plate test – Minimum Ignition Temperature – layer (MIT-layer) which is used with the MIT-cloud test described above, to help ensure the correct specification of electrical equipment in your facility.
All powders will generate static electricity when they are moved, but those with high electrical resistivity will also accumulate that static charge, even if it is handled in grounded and bonded metal equipment. In extreme cases, this charge build-up can lead to powder cloud explosion. Bulk powder Volume Resistivity, powder Electrostatic Chargeability and Minimum Ignition Energy properties of a powder can all be used to help assess this risks and to determine the most appropriate precautions to take.
If a powder will explode in air, it can also burn in a layer form. Powder layer combustion and dust cloud explosion differ by the availability of material surface to combust at one time. There is a burning rate (also referred to as fire-train) test available for looking at how a powder burns as a layer. After all, you may like to know that if a powder were to begin to combust in bulk, would it barely smoulder and even self-extinguish, or would it burn so quickly that there would be no time to react to a fire situation?
So, to return to the beginning
“My powder has a Kst of 257bar.m/s a Minimum Ignition Energy of 5mJ and a bulk Volume Resistivity of 5X1015 ohm.m; do I have a problem?
This powder is strongly explosible (Kst of 257bar.m/s is classified St-2). If the equipment or the building compartment is to be protected by explosion relief vents, these vents will need to be designed big. What’s more, it is very sensitive to ignition by electrostatic discharges (MIE of 3mJ and with a Volume Resistivity of 5X1015 ohm.m). If it gets electrostatically charged, it is likely to retain its charge for more than a day! I would be concerned about putting this into plastic containers/bags and would consider other precautions too.
Let’s use process safety data well – and protect people, the facility and our businesses.
For more information on the dust explosion tests mentioned in this article, please visit our website at https://stonehousesafety.com/laboratory-testing/ or feel free to contact us for a complimentary discussion with one of our process safety specialists to establish which tests are right for you and how you can use the data they provide. Call: 609 455 0001, Email: email@example.com, Web: www.stonehousesafety.com. | <urn:uuid:6e377d89-d6a9-442e-bbea-0c50a84c7399> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://stonehousesafety.com/how-to-use-dust-explosion-test-data/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572870.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817062258-20220817092258-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.931961 | 1,373 | 2.625 | 3 |
Kelyan is a ♂ boy’s name.
Kelyan is a French form of Killian, which derived from Celtic Ceallach or Irish Cillín.
Kelyan means “little warrior” and “bright-headed” (from Celtic “ceallach” = war/battle/strife/bright-headed) and “monk’s cell” or “little church” (from Irish “ceall” = church/monastery).
The name Kelyan is ranked #2746 overall.
Find more beautiful first names!
Download our free baby name app and swipe a wonderful name together with your partner!
Last updated: 4/13/2022
Photo: Adele Morris | <urn:uuid:95ad97ec-f3a5-4688-ae0a-0ef15eb7e349> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://charlies-names.com/en/kelyan/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571502.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811194507-20220811224507-00069.warc.gz | en | 0.893126 | 165 | 1.984375 | 2 |
How do you feel about springing forward and falling back? Daylight saving time in Canada is a pretty hot button issue and a bunch of provinces and territories are considering getting rid of the twice-annual time changes. That would mean sticking to one time for the entire year.
What is daylight saving time and standard time?
In most parts of Canada, daylight saving time usually starts in March or April and ends sometime through September or November.
The clocks are moved one hour forward from standard time in the spring and stay that way throughout the summer. Then time shifts one hour back in the fall.
Once the clocks fall back, we're officially back on standard time which is used throughout the winter.
While it gets darker earlier in the evening with that change, it also means there is more light in the morning which might make it easier to wake up in the cold and dreary winter months.
Daylight saving time and standard time aren't observed for the same amount of time.
Standard time is shorter and usually only lasts around four months in Canada.
What provinces and territories in Canada are considering getting rid of time changes?
A bunch of provinces and territories are thinking about no longer changing clocks twice a year and sticking to just one time permanently.
People in B.C. who are hoping to kick time changes to the curb will probably have to wait until next year.
The province is still committed to doing away with it but that actually happening will be done in coordination with U.S. states.
While neighbouring states have either approved or are considering scrapping time changes, there needs to be approval from the U.S. federal government for it to actually happen.
COVID-19 also plays a role.
According to CTV News, B.C. Premier John Horgan said that "in the middle of a pandemic, making changes to daylight saving is not an urgent issue on people’s minds."
Alberta is also considering making daylight saving time a permanent thing in the province.
Premier Jason Kenney even said he personally supports ditching the spring forward and fall back.
If Alberta takes the plunge, it could affect other places in Canada.
The Northwest Territories government said back in May that it would take a similar approach to Alberta's and match the territory's time with the neighbouring province.
A Nunavut MLA recently asked the government to reconsider the need for time changes.
Premier Joe Savikataaq said that he is committed to finding out how communities could opt out of doing that twice a year.
In Ontario, a bill to make daylight saving time the standard time throughout the year is going through the legislature.
The province wants to scrap time changes in coordination with Quebec and New York along with Manitoba and Michigan.
If that happens, the sun wouldn't rise in the GTA until almost 9:00 a.m. in late December.
Have any places already stopped changing the clocks twice a year?
There are quite a few places in Canada that have ditched time changes and don't spring forward or fall back like the rest of the country.
Yukon had its last time change on March 8 and daylight saving time is now the permanent standard time in the territory.
Saskatchewan is way ahead of the curve.
Most of the province doesn't change the clocks twice a year and has been that wah for a long time.
There's the exception of the Lloydminster area which still observes daylight saving time but everywhere else is on central standard time.
Locally, some places in B.C., Ontario, Quebec and Nunavut's Southampton Island also have one time throughout the year.
- Daylight Saving Time Ends In Canada This Week But Some Places Won't Turn Back The Clock - Narcity ›
- Why This Town In BC Decided Not To Change Their Clocks Back From Daylight Saving Time - Narcity ›
- Daylight Saving Time Won't Apply To This Canadian Town In 2022 & Here's Why - Narcity ›
- Daylight Saving Time 2022 Starts This Weekend & We Can't Cancel It Because Of One Detail - Narcity › | <urn:uuid:aa467bcf-802c-4eb8-b39d-3a75962054be> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.narcity.com/daylight-saving-time-in-canada-has-people-divided-some-places-might-end-time-changes | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00674.warc.gz | en | 0.941696 | 844 | 2.625 | 3 |
There is a new initiative in town in Northern Colorado, it’s aimed at increasing adoption of plug-in electric vehicles by both businesses and consumers.
The event began at the Fort Collins Museum of Discovery and aimed to provide "the necessary coordination, educational outreach, local business involvement, and infrastructure needed to transform the area into a model plug-in electric vehicle deployment community." Officials installed a quick charger station available for public use at the museum.It is the first quick charger in operation in Colorado. It can charge a car in 15 to 30 minutes.
Loveland Mayor Cecil A. Gutierrez pointed out that, “We have an obligation to help reduce our dependence on oil.” Going on further to explain that the public fleet for Loveland is currently in the process of being converted to plug-in electric vehicles.
To read more about Northern Colorado’s push toward electric vehicle adoption, head over to http://www.boulderijournal.com/article.php?id=8222 | <urn:uuid:e9acfa87-a959-4f3f-8ef4-f1fd8278e550> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.nextekpower.com/blog/recommended-reading/fort-collins-and-loveland-colorado-expand-their-sustainability-efforts | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282935.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00243-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.920175 | 205 | 2.265625 | 2 |
Air Canada leaving domestic market?
Tango seen as part of strategy
Air Canada may have begun its transformation into a predominantly international carrier by launching Tango in the hope that domestic passengers will flock to the new, discount airline, some observers say.
By creating a no-frills Wal-Mart of the Canadian airways, Air Canada may be trying to streamline the mainline carrier and slowly withdraw from providing costly domestic service, said Joseph D'Cruz, a business professor with the University of Toronto's Rotman School of Management.
``Once a Wal-Mart really achieves traction, the eatons are dead. If Tango achieves traction, Air Canada as we know it today is dead. So much of their business will migrate to Tango - particularly because Aeroplan points are available on Tango - that the mainline business will just not be very profitable.''
Air Canada officials remained adamant yesterday that Tango is a discount leisure airline - separate from the low-cost carrier it still plans to launch at some unnamed future date to take on Calgary-based discount airline WestJet and Toronto-based Canada 3000.
But the fact that Tango will fly to most major Canadian cities starting Nov. 1 and just three Florida sunspots - Fort Lauderdale, Orlando and Tampa - has made many suspicious that it's a wolf in sheep's clothing and will slowly turn into the low-cost carrier Air Canada has maintained is critical to its future.
Air Canada says it hopes to keep the service economical - with fares some 80 per cent below the mainline carrier's full-fare economy rates - by cramming more seats on planes and offering ``all extras are optional'' service.
But many questioned yesterday how the new airline could hope to make money when Air Canada's biggest cost is labour - and the 13 Airbus A320s will be staffed by workers earning the same as those at the mainline carrier.
``The cost of lunch doesn't make or break an airline. What makes or breaks an airline is the wages. So are they going to do it (make money)? That part I don't know,'' D'Cruz said.
``I believe there is a change happening in the market. Customers are deciding that all they need is a carrier that provides them with safety, comfort, more or less on-time departures and pricing they can understand,'' said Queen's University business professor Douglas Reid.
``Air Canada also has to find a way to reinvent their core domestic business which, relative to what the market wants, is grossly overpriced.''
Tango especially makes sense as a domestic carrier now because most major corporations have severely cut, or stopped, business travel, adding to the already drastic drop- off in high-yield traffic that began hitting Air Canada last winter, Reid said.
``Conventional domestic service is high cost, it has limited attraction and it is the type of service that will only be profitable when you get a recovery in business confidence. Right now the defensive play is not to bank on that happening for a while.''
Air Canada's stock continued to nosedive yesterday, closing at $2.30, down 17 cents.
Source Toronto Star
Oct 11th , 2001
The media and general public r u not stupid they know EXACTLY WHAT AC IS UP TO. Therefore "TANGO" and there mission to disrupt/distroy, healthy airlines like WestJet and Canada 3000 will not work. If your following the shares at AC it has droped 37cents since the announcement of "Tacky Tango" division of AC. With all the bad publicity pointed at AC, they r in the fight for there life to stay in the air. Special when the federal Gov't said too bad so sad, u have a collective contract that must be followed and did not allow AC to scrap over a 1200 employee's apparently costing the company over 3million a week. Yeah right!!! | <urn:uuid:6f01fe98-7fb4-49ed-b54e-54b7738f118c> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.airliners.net/forum/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=112355 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720380.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00054-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950439 | 790 | 1.609375 | 2 |
Fishermen face going out of business if politicians insist on driving down cod quotas next year at a time when the stock is abundant in the North Sea.
That was the stark message delivered today by James Anderson, skipper of the Alison Kay (LK 57) and chairman of the Shetland Fishermen’s Association (SFA).
Based on a formula bitterly contested by the SFA, the International Council for the Exploration of the Seas (ICES) is recommending a 10% cut in the North Sea cod quota next year.
This is despite that fact that a 30% increase in quota would still allow the stock to grow substantially in size. Even doubling the total allowable catch (TAC) for 2022 would allow the stock to grow by 24%.
“There is a fundamental misunderstanding of the dynamics at play here among the powers that be,” said Mr Anderson while fishing south of Foula.
“There has never been so much cod out here. And because cod is part of a mixed fishery you can’t help but bring it up your nets.
“But because the quota has been slashed over the years you quickly catch your fill and that has a knock-on effect, preventing you catching other species for which you still have quota.
“It’s ridiculous and totally unnecessary, the sort of decision that could only be taken by a politician who doesn’t understand and not someone with practical experience.
“It is going to send boats to the wall. Younger crews who have taken on a lot of debt to finance their boats and gear will really suffer.”
Mr Anderson said there was far more cod on the grounds than in the late 1990s when the cod quota was 10 times the size it is now.
“The irony of the situation surely can’t be lost on our own governments, when they enter into the negotiations that will take place based on the ICES advice.
“The choice is clear – a successful fleet or one that is emasculated because of utterly misguided decision making.” | <urn:uuid:0a3c64a4-4b87-4c21-84dc-3b436c137d2c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.shetlandfishermen.com/news/fishing-business-at-risk-from-unnecessary-cut-in-cod-quota | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572286.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816090541-20220816120541-00269.warc.gz | en | 0.958512 | 430 | 1.5 | 2 |
Applicants should ideally hold a good honours degree 2.2 or an equivalent international qualification or above in a relevant academic discipline, and be involved in the operational aspects of the aviation industry. However, applications from candidates with relevant experience and professional qualifications will also be considered on an individual basis. International applicants must also hold a minimum of 6.5 score in the IELTS test for English language.
Months of entry
The human element is vital to the safe and efficient operation of any airline. Over the past three decades a better understanding of the human behaviour has resulted in significant safety benefits. The Human Factors discipline forms a cornerstone of every aviation Safety Management programme.
This course will equip aviation professionals with a thorough appreciation of all aspects of the discipline and how they can be applied to best effect in the aeronautical industry. It adopts a systemic approach, emphasising the benefits of an integrated, approach to the application of Human Factors principles.
WHY CHOOSE THIS COURSE?
If you choose this course you will benefit from:
- course materials that have been specifically designed to complement and enhance the existing knowledge of professionals already engaged in this most demanding of industries. The study materials have been developed to be portable, allowing delegates to study them at a time and place that fits in around their busy work schedule. Studying by distance learning will allow you to progress your career in industry while simultaneously being in a position to apply the knowledge and principles gained on the course;
- the course will be delivered via the Virtual Learning Environment, Moodle. But while access to the internet will be required, course materials have been developed to allow study to be undertaken anywhere in the world – even on board an aircraft!;
- tutor support from our acknowledged world experts and interaction with your peer group will be available using a variety of on-line resources.
The Master's degree is undergoing approval from the European Association for Aviation Psychology as an accredited course leading to Certification as a European Aviation Psychologist/Human Factors Specialist for appropriately qualified candidates.
WHAT WILL I LEARN?
All aspects of the course have a strong practical component within them. During the course, amongst other topics, candidates will study:
- Human Information Processing in Aviation
- Decision Making and Error in Aviation
- Selection. Stress and Stressors
- Flight Deck Design
- Training and Simulation
- Crew Resource Management
- Human Factors and Safety Management
Delegates will also be expected to complete a critical literature review in a relevant area, and an industry-related research project demonstrating the skills that they have gained during the taught component.
Information for international students
Please contact our International/EU Office: Telephone: +44(0)24 7615 2152 www.coventry.ac.uk/iocontactus
Qualification and course duration
Course contact details
- Recruitment and Admissions Office
- 024 7765 4321 | <urn:uuid:bea7f770-9305-423f-a938-9907de04f887> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.prospects.ac.uk/universities/coventry-university-3715/faculty-of-engineering-and-computing-9043/courses/human-factors-in-aviation-110134 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280761.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00100-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.907326 | 594 | 1.835938 | 2 |
Nigeria’s Kleptocracy Masquerading as Democracy
by Prof. Emeka Aniagolu
From considerable evidence, Nigeria is not a democracy but a full-fledged Kleptocracy. Democracy is defined as: “a government in which supreme power is vested in the people and exercised by them directly or indirectly through a system of representation usually involving periodically held free elections.” While Nigeria is officially a democracy, with a Constitution, an Executive, a National Assembly — of Members of the House of Representatives and a Senate — as well as a Judiciary; Nigerian politicians have fashioned ingenious ways and means of subverting the system, such that Nigeria is, at best, a dysfunctional democracy, and at worst, a thriving kleptocracy.
A kleptocracy is “a government whose corrupt leaders use political power to appropriate the wealth of the people and land they govern, typically by embezzling or misappropriating government funds at the expense of the wider population.” The same source went on to draw important distinctions between kleptocracy, plutocracy and oligarchy. It observed that: “Kleptocracy is different from plutocracy (rule by the richest) and oligarchy (rule by a small elite). In a kleptocracy, corrupt politicians enrich themselves secretly outside the rule of law, through kickbacks, bribes, and special favors, or they simply direct state funds to themselves and their associates. Also, kleptocrats often export much of their profits to foreign nations in anticipation of losing power.”
Here are a few of the ways and means Nigerian politicians, especially elected officials, enrich themselves at the expense of the State and the citizenry; as well as try to cover their tracks in Nigeria’s kleptocracy. In Nigeria, it is treated as though it is the Constitutional right of an incumbent state Governor to coronate his successor within his so-called political party. Of course, an incumbent, but outgoing Governor or President, can endorse an aspirant or candidate of his political party; but not coronate him or her as though the votes of his fellow party members — in so-called party primaries — amount to nothing. It goes against the grain of democracy, especially, at the grassroots.
Of course, it can and has been argued that such a political party aspirant or candidate, still has to face the general election, in which he or she has to compete against candidates from other political parties; with no certainty of victory at the polls. Except that in the context of Nigeria’s kleptocracy, in which the two biggest parties — APC and PDP — have amassed humongous war-chests to literally buy the general elections; they have a built-in monetary advantage that substantively subverts democracy.
At any rate, so-called “political parties” in Nigeria are not really political parties in the commonly understood meaning of such entities. They are not founded on discernable political ideologies on the basis of which, believers in the respective political ideologies, coalesce into political parties. They are nothing more or less than business associations, designed to access governmental power through money laundering schemes, networks of fraudsters and rigged elections; with the objective of using their acquired positions in government to feather their nests.
Political parties in Nigeria, especially the so-called two major ones — APC and PDP — turned their “Nomination and Expression of Interest Form” fees, into a money-making scheme, pricing electoral offices out of the reach of middle and upper-middle class Nigerians; thus, ensuring that those who participate in the electoral process are members of the major league kleptocratic class. In a brilliant article, titled: Nigeria Vs USA: Party nomination fees and the matter of democracy, by Tunji Light Ariyomo, he did an exceptional job analyzing the comparative political party processes in the US and in Nigeria, in terms of GDP per capita implications for political participation in Nigeria’s ostensible democracy. In summation, Ariyomo notes about Nigeria’s political system in comparison to the American one, which we supposedly copied to bring us out from military dictatorship to democratic governance, that:
Conversely, that the Nigerian public officer appears to perpetually hold the Nigerian people in utter contempt, is a direct consequence of Nigeria’s restrictive political processes. By limiting people’s participation to only voting on election day, the Nigerian ruling class reduces the public to rubber stamp electorates required only to give a veneer of democratic legitimacy to what in truth [is] the antithesis of democracy. The frustration with fair and equitable access to the political process is principally responsible for the mushrooming of political parties by citizens in Nigeria. In a display that is contemptuous of egalitarian participation by the people, even political parties have now been known to impose heavy fees for members willing to aspire to leadership positions within Nigerian political parties! It cost N20 million to obtain the form for APC National Chairmanship position at its last convention. The lowest leadership rung at the convention, such as an Assistant Publicity Secretary, cost N5 million — that is about three times what it cost to run for governorship in the USA.
In the course of the sad parody called “politics” in Nigeria, aspirants and candidates buy whoever needs to be bought: Traditional Rulers, party delegates and stalwarts, religious leaders and “prophets,” as well as all manner of other so-called “stakeholders.” In a free and fair electoral system, which, under normal circumstances, ought to be the penultimate democratic “clearinghouse,” is riddled with all sorts of underhanded practices: inflated numbers of voters, forged PVCs, stolen or “missing” ballot boxes, outright violence, etc. Even INEC officials who are supposed to be inviolable custodians of the electoral system, are often implicated in shady games.
So, now, Nigeria’s kleptocratic shenanigans are in full swing, with the 2023 elections round the corner. All manner of characters with dubious pedigrees, emerge on the scene as political contenders; after years of quietly enriching themselves by syphoning money from federal and/or state governments through inflated contracts, “paper contracts” that were funded but never executed; kickbacks and/or facilitating the thievery of those already in high positions in government. They take traditional titles, make one or two public gestures in their villages or local government areas, ingratiate their traditional ruler, whose relative destitution guarantees his compliance and complicity; then, they become “big men” ready to contest for one public office or another.
Consider the following scenario. A state Governor in Nigeria earns an average annual salary of N11,540,896, with an annual basic salary of N2,223,705 and an annual leave allowance of N222,370,50; which brings his total annual take home pay to approximately: N14,000,000.00. How can such a public servant afford to have numerous cars, several houses — in Nigeria and abroad — and many plots of land all over Nigeria? Surely, it cannot be from his salary. If it is not from his salary, then, from where does he find such monies without being called to answer by the law? The answer is simple: since Nigeria operates a kleptocracy, from top to bottom, there is no one to check anyone in government. Even the agencies presumably set up to investigate such malfeasance, are so caught up in Nigeria’s kleptocracy, that they are at the behest of those at the commanding heights of national power; who are virtually above the law, unless something goes terribly wrong.
Enter another ingenious kleptocratic scheme: the so-called Security Vote for the 36 state Governors in Nigeria. Theoretically, the Security Vote is for the sole purpose of funding security services within each state. The fund literally runs into billions of naira and varies depending on the security challenges in the respective states. The so-called Security Vote for a state Governor, is, in effect a “slush fund” that can be dipped into at the whim and caprice of the state Governor. The President of Nigeria is also afforded the dubious privilege of Security Vote. There is no oversight and no accounting mechanism for the expenditure of the funds. It is simply embedded in Nigeria’s kleptocratic system of governance.
But is the so-called Security Vote constitutional, and therefore, legal; or is it legal, though not explicitly spelled out in the 1999 Constitution of Nigeria? Two interesting points of view are in mutual contention with one another over that matter. The first, articulated by Chief Robert Clarke (SAN), states that: “. . . there is no law, however small, that sanctions the payment of security votes to the state governors as well as the president . . .” If that is the case, how then, did it come about and become institutionalized? Answering that question, Robert Clarke avers that:
When the military were in power, they needed security votes because they came by way of coups. At any time, they can be removed by another coup. So, they needed, at any given time, to know what is happening around them. So, they sought from the military authorities the right to have a special allocation to enable them use this as a source of security for information against coup plotters. When the 1999 constitution came into operation, it did not make any provision for security vote. I am bound by the constitution, if you can find it anywhere there. There may be a provision for the upkeep of the Presidency or the Governor’s house. But you will never find that a special amount of money has been allocated for security.
The opposed second point of view over the legality of Security Vote in Nigeria’s kleptocracy, was proffered by Governor Kayode Fayemi, Governor of Ekiti State. In a not entirely surprising self-serving vein, especially as then Chairman of the Nigeria Governor’s Forum, Fayemi argued that the appropriation of security votes is not illegal. His rather convoluted argument is that: “. . . in the Nigerian Constitution, the executive is entrusted with the responsibility of preparing a budget which is then sent to the legislature for ratification. The fact that huge amount of money [is] routinely being budgeted and expended in the name of security vote does not make it an illegal practice.” He argued further that: “The main objective of the Fund is to support the various law enforcement agencies, mainly through the donation of arms and operational gadgets.” The report stated, however, that the Governor “. . . noted that security votes attracted more attention because of the seeming none accountable nature of the expenditure under the budgetary provision. Fayemi however called on the custodians of security votes to manage it judiciously with good sense of responsibility.”
Having implicated the security agencies as either the objective and/or beneficiaries of the security votes, the then Chief of Army Staff, Lt. General Tukur Buratai, made his position clear over the matter. He is reported to have said that: “. . . security vote was subject to audit and “if it is not done, it is wrong.” He added that the [security] votes were not votes for defence and were also not meant for the armed forces. “Strictly speaking, if you look at security votes in the true context, it is not meant to tackle insecurity. We have funding for Ministry of Defence and the armed forces. If you have budget lines for these services and organizations, then why security votes?” . . . “The chief of army staff said that if security vote was made constitutional and proper guidelines were set out on how they were utilized, this issue will be laid to rest.”
Clearly, the so-called “Security Vote” is a glaring drainpipe of Nigeria’s resources that should be plugged, but, it is not in the interest of either incumbent or aspiring kleptocrats to bring about such budgetary discipline. What kind of retrogressive system of governance should one expect, when you have a combustive mixture of unbridled kleptomania, administrative and public policy incompetence, as well as barbaric ethno-religious bigotry? A failed or failing state.
There is a reason most, if not all, cattle-herding cultures are not big meat eaters; at least, not big meat eaters of their cattle herds. They understand that as a dairy-based culture in which milk and its derivatives, are a staple; killing the cows from which milk and its derivatives are gotten, is akin to killing the goose that lays the golden egg. So, they prize their cattle-herds highly for what they produce, on a daily basis; and do not slaughter them and eat up their meat once and for all. Similarly, people who are given the sacred responsibility of serving their nations as leaders, are equally called upon to exercise conservatory diligence and foresight. Only such leaders can make a nation great and strong. All others are charlatans!
Premium Times, April 12, 2022.
See Transparency International’s Annex B: State Security Vote Data — Camouflaged Cash: How ‘Security Votes’ Fuel Corruption in Nigeria.
Vanguard, December 29, 2016, “No Law Supporting Security Vote in Nigeria — Robert Clarke, SAN. [Source: vanguardngr.com] | <urn:uuid:8f2b22cc-7dfa-46d1-ad0e-024950541021> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cganiagolu.medium.com/nigerias-kleptocracy-masquerading-as-democracy-a681fccff258?source=read_next_recirc---------3---------------------7f6c0833_bee1_403a_8de5_745b0683d3ea------- | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573029.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817153027-20220817183027-00275.warc.gz | en | 0.966702 | 2,911 | 2.375 | 2 |
This material must not be used for commercial purposes, or in any hospital or medical facility. Failure to comply may result in legal action.
WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW:
What is a diverticulitis diet?
A diverticulitis diet includes foods that allow your intestines to rest while you have diverticulitis. Diverticulitis is a condition that causes diverticula (small pockets) along your intestine to become inflamed or infected. This is caused by hard bowel movement, food, or bacteria that get stuck in the pockets.
What foods can I eat while I have diverticulitis?
- A clear liquid diet may be recommended for 2 to 3 days. A clear liquid diet is made up of clear liquids and foods that are liquid at room temperature. Your healthcare provider will tell you when you can start eating solid foods. Examples of clear liquids include the following:
- Water and clear juices (such as apple, cranberry, or grape), strained citrus juices or fruit punch
- Coffee or tea (without cream or milk)
- Clear sports drinks or soft drinks, such as ginger ale, lemon-lime soda, or club soda (no cola or root beer)
- Clear broth, bouillon, or consommé
- Plain popsicles (no popsicles with pureed fruit or fiber)
- Flavored gelatin without fruit
- A low-fiber diet may be recommended until your symptoms improve. Your healthcare provider will tell you when you can slowly add high-fiber foods back into your diet.
- Cream of wheat and finely ground grits
- White bread, white pasta, and white rice
- Canned and well-cooked fruit without skins or seeds, and juice without pulp
- Canned and well-cooked vegetables without skins or seeds, and vegetable juice
- Cow's milk, lactose-free milk, soy milk, and rice milk
- Yogurt, cottage cheese, and sherbet
- Eggs, poultry (such as chicken and turkey), fish, and tender, ground, well-cooked beef
- Tofu and smooth nut butters, such as peanut butter
- Broth and strained soups made of low-fiber foods
What foods should I avoid while I have diverticulitis?
Avoid foods that are high in fiber while you have symptoms of diverticulitis. Examples of high-fiber foods include the following:
- Whole grains and breads, and cereals made with whole grains
- Dried fruit, fresh fruit with skin, and fruit pulp
- Raw vegetables
- Cooked greens, such as spinach
- Tough meat and meat with gristle
- Legumes, such as pinto beans and lentils
When should I contact my healthcare provider?
- Your symptoms get worse or do not go away.
- You have questions about the foods you should eat.
- You have questions or concerns about your condition or care.
Care AgreementYou have the right to help plan your care. Learn about your health condition and how it may be treated. Discuss treatment options with your caregivers to decide what care you want to receive. You always have the right to refuse treatment. The above information is an educational aid only. It is not intended as medical advice for individual conditions or treatments. Talk to your doctor, nurse or pharmacist before following any medical regimen to see if it is safe and effective for you.
© 2016 Truven Health Analytics Inc. Information is for End User's use only and may not be sold, redistributed or otherwise used for commercial purposes. All illustrations and images included in CareNotes® are the copyrighted property of A.D.A.M., Inc. or Truven Health Analytics.
The above information is an educational aid only. It is not intended as medical advice for individual conditions or treatments. Talk to your doctor, nurse or pharmacist before following any medical regimen to see if it is safe and effective for you. | <urn:uuid:a1c06477-ce06-4ec4-b25c-c4d64c4b8186> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.drugs.com/cg/diverticulitis-diet.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283301.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00509-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.930182 | 815 | 2.46875 | 2 |
Students at Kipp Academy Middle School re-enter the classroom today for the first time in months
Monday is an exciting day for some Bronx children in Kipp Academy Middle School as they reenter the classroom for the first time in months.
The middle school is taking a phased approach to keep students safe as the delta variant continues to spread. Principal Tristan Fields says there's several safety precautions in place, such as mask-wearing and hand sanitizer stations.
He says they're also testing select students for COVID-19 each day as needed, and staff will be tested every week as well. The school also reduced class size from 32 students to 22 students in an effort to promote social distancing.
As for lunch, half of the school's students will eat in the cafeteria and the other half will eat in the auditorium.
Staff and parents tell News 12 they feel safe going into this new school year.
"The school sent me email information letting me know about the updated information, so I'm not worried that much, they take good care of him," says Jackelyn Flores, parent.
"I'm so lucky that my staff is bought in and ready to get the kids back, and they were willing to put in the extra hours and the extra effort to make sure that things were safe," Fields says.
As for the vaccine, Fields is encouraging parents to weigh their options this school year and to trust science - saying the vaccine is the answer to keeping students and staff safe. | <urn:uuid:54df2425-1d4f-42f6-9a71-432904107f3f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bronx.news12.com/students-at-kipp-academy-middle-school-re-enter-the-classroom-today-for-the-first-time-in-months | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570871.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808183040-20220808213040-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.98165 | 308 | 1.734375 | 2 |
Wrightsville is located in Georgia.
Wrightsville, Georgia has a population of
family-centric than the surrounding county with
21.77% of the households
containing married families with children.
The county average for households married with children is 27%.
The median household income in Wrightsville, Georgia is
The median household income for the surrounding county is $34,521
compared to the national median of $53,046.
The median age of people living in Wrightsville is
The average high temperature in July is 93
degrees, with an average low temperature in January of 35.8 degrees.
The average rainfall is approximately 46.3 inches
per year, with 0.3 inches of snow per year. | <urn:uuid:aa72f9d9-51db-42a0-8515-5a09f9bce75e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.realliving.com/craig-realty/ga/wrightsville | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281226.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00383-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956685 | 156 | 2 | 2 |
And the answer is yes, at least for the moment. Be aware that conditions can change at any moment. So, let me help clear up confusion about seeing liquid rock on the Big Island. Here are some frequently asked questions.
Where is the active lava now?
Let me give you the long term answer for that. The US Geological Survey maintains websites with very useful information on volcanic activity. The best place for getting lava flow updates in layman’s terms is on their Kilauea Images site. They also have a daily volcano update that’s good, too, though it’s written in a little bit of “scientific-ese.” You can also find an updated map of the lava flow which gives you an idea of where and how the lava is flowing. One last interesting point about the current flow, is that none of the lava activity is inside of Hawaii Volcanoes National Park.
I want to see the active lava. Is there any way to see it?
As of March 8th, a lava viewing point was created off of Hwy 130. Lava flow and conditions are subject to change at any moment. Check the Hawaii Volcano Observatory daily update reports for Kilauea. If the lava flow changes to an inaccessible area, your best bet to see the lava is by helicopter tour. Call 808-961-8093 and/or 808-935-0031 for updates. Currently, pilots and tourist are reporting that the views are fantastic, too. According to the Big Island Visitors Bureau, “Helicopter and fixed-wing aircraft tour companies in Hilo and Kona are reporting a huge surge in demand – and some of the most spectacular flight-seeing imaginable.” So, if you are considering a helicopter tour on the Big Island, you should do your homework and book a tour ahead of time. (See more helicopter tour tips and also get an idea of what a helicopter tour is like on the Big Island.)
My answer is absolutely, yes! Who would have thought that acres and acres of black hardened lava could be so interesting? There really is a lot to see and do from hiking in forests and across an inactive volcanic crater, to the Thurston Lava tube, and much, much more. Where else will you see an interesting sign like the one on the right?
Is lava flowing to the ocean?
March 7th update: The lava is currently flowing to the ocean.
Where will the lava be flowing in the future?
Ah, one of the most fascinating aspects of a volcano is that you can’t predict what it will be doing next. In the last six months or so, lava was flowing to the ocean and then it suddenly stopped. The Pu’u O’o vent was a huge impressive lava lake, and then it quit. Then in July, a new fissure popped up, the July 21st Eruption. In recent days the lava was flowing very slowly towards the ocean and then suddenly started flowing at a rate of a half-mile per day. Who knows what will happen next?
I hope this article has helped you from being tricked by the flashy ads and miscommunication that would make you think you can just take a 10 minute hike out to see the lava flow. | <urn:uuid:64d5cccb-6994-4b10-97ad-60d3e9cea4bd> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.govisithawaii.com/2008/02/28/hawaii-myth-buster-can-you-hike-out-to-see-the-lava-flow/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718426.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00138-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.958793 | 677 | 1.773438 | 2 |
NASA released the evocative Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter image above in July 2017.
Surely, the picture explains the existence of an ancient The iron Throne-esque civilization who called the home of the red planet and had dragons as pets?
In reality, this scaly pattern does not come from a mythical creature, but rather from an ancient landscaping process that involves erosion, CNET reports.
There are plenty of weird images captured from Mars. If space-lovers, conspiracy theorists, alien devotees, or anyone with a vivid imagination and blog are to be believed, these are bizarre, inexplicable signs of life and / or phenomena.
It’s fun to speculate on the weird things the Martian rover cameras have managed to capture and send back to Earth, but there is often a perfectly good scientific explanation for all of this.
CNET has explored 55 of these images, some of which are shown below.
Don’t eat them if you find yourself live on Mars in the future, even though they are known by the pretty nickname “blueberries”.
NASA’s Mars Opportunity rover spotted the small hematite-rich spherules in 2004 near Fram crater:
A hanging spoon?
Fredk, a keen-eyed contributor to the Unmanned Space Flight Forums, noticed a funny shape in a raw image taken by Curiosity during the ground of March 1089, which is August 30 for us.
It resembles a long-handled spoon, stretching delicately across the landscape, hovering above its own shadow.
In reality, this is just a similar fragile formation by coincidence that has managed to stay upright because gravity of attraction on the planet allows it.
A tadpole or sperm?
Some call this formation captured by NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter a tadpole, but if we’re being honest it looks more like semen.
In reality, it is not.
It’s just a circular crater with a tail hollowed out by the movement of water:
âWe can infer that the water is flowing out because we have the necessary information about the height of the terrain,â the space agency said in February 2018. Although the planet has a distant aquatic past, it currently does not harbor any amphibian life. as we know it.
A female statue?
In 2007, NASA’s Spirit rover delivered this image of small, craggy rocks on the surface of Mars.
A dramatically shaded formation stood out:
The popular UFO blog UFO Sightings Daily has run with speculation that the rock formation is a female figure likely created by aliens.
The Planetary Society was quick to call the object an optical illusion and another prime example of pareidolia, the tendency of our minds to attribute familiar patterns to random shapes or sounds.
Slug on Mars?
According to the dramatic title of this 2018 image taken by Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, âThe Case of Martian Boulder Piles,â we should focus our attention beyond the dark slug-like sand dunes and contemplate the open spaces instead:
NASA scientists suggest the net [boulder] the piles could have been caused by a “freeze heave” process with cycles of freeze and thaw pushing the rocks into orderly shapes. A similar process has been observed here on Earth.
The face of an ancient god?
There is a strange resemblance between the statue of the Neo-Assyrian god in the British Museum (right) and the image of a boulder captured by the Mars Opportunity rover (left).
Well, at least that’s according to some UFO fans, who have drawn attention to the rock resembling a face found on the Red Planet.
But as we learn with all these rock formations that look like earthly things:
⦠It is truly a combination of human imagination and fortuitous light rather than a sign of an alien civilization with a penchant for carving sculptures.
Doodles or stripes?
Captured by NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter in 2017, these wavy lines could be anything.
Claw marks? Eyelashes with a giant alien eye?
Well, not really – the space agency says linear ravines are probably just caused by dry ice sliding down the slopes of sand dunes.
“angel” and “heart” of the south pole of Mars:
Looking at this Mars Express view from the European Space Agency of the South Pole of the Red Planet, an angel and a heart become together.
Spiritualists and angel card readers may be captivated by the sign, but it’s really just geology and science doing their job:
It is simply a bit of geology exposed from the icy polar region where an impact crater forms the “head” and halo, and a sublimation pit (a place where ice has turned to vapor) formed the “hand” on the left.
For other fascinating images of Mars, head over to here.
Have fun seeing faces where there aren’t any. | <urn:uuid:77d2a610-3ee0-4c73-8e11-e126d9769509> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://alasyciagranada.com/these-weird-photos-of-mars-actually-have-simple-explanations-2oceansvibe-news/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572021.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814083156-20220814113156-00066.warc.gz | en | 0.926295 | 1,068 | 3.03125 | 3 |
To better understand the developmental course of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), Paul Rohde of the Oregon Research Institute and colleagues analyzed data collected from individuals participating in the Oregon Adolescent Depression Project.
Using these data, the researchers were able to compare and contrast the presentation of MDD across four developmental periods: childhood (5.0-12.9 years), adolescence (13.0-17.9 years), emerging adulthood (18.0-23.9 years), and adulthood (24.0-30.0 years).
Interviewers assessed participants for symptoms of depression at each of the four time points. The participants also completed follow-up evaluations that assessed the onset and duration of all major psychiatric disorders since the previous time point.
MDD recovery was defined as 8 or more consecutive weeks of no or minor symptoms and MDD recurrence was defined as meeting full MDD criteria following recovery. Both of these definitions are in line with consensus definitions in the field.
The interviewers conducting the diagnostic assessments were carefully selected, trained, and supervised. Each one of the interviewers had a degree in a mental health discipline and had completed a 70-hour course in diagnostic interviewing.
Rohde and colleagues examined data from 816 participants who had completed the questionnaires and interviews at all four time points.
By age 30, 51% of the sample had experienced an episode of MDD. Among the participants who developed one episode of MDD, more than half (53%) had at least one recurrent MDD episode by age 30. Being female was a consistent predictor of a first incidence of MDD in all four of the developmental periods but did not significantly predict recurrence.
First incidence and recurrent episodes of MDD were lower in childhood than in adolescence, emerging adulthood, or adulthood. While MDD during childhood was infrequent, episodes that occurred in this early developmental period lasted significantly longer than those episodes that occurred in the subsequent three periods. As the researchers expected, having an episode in one developmental period was associated with a significantly increased risk of having an episode in subsequent periods.
The researchers found that rates of suicide attempts were significantly higher in adolescents than in either the emerging adult or adult periods, which had similar rates. Among the participants who had a history of MDD through age 30, about 19% had at least one suicide attempt by the fourth time point.
MDD was associated with both anxiety and substance use disorders in all four developmental periods.
The researchers note that, to their knowledge, this is the first study to examine the markers of MDD across these four developmental periods.
Rohde and colleagues argue that this study makes an important contribution to our understanding of how depression emerges and develops over time because it provides critical information about the prevalence, duration, course, patterns of co-occurrence, and longer-term consequences of depression across four markedly diverse developmental periods.
Co-authors on this study include Peter Lewinsohn, John Seeley, and Jeff Gau of the Oregon Research Institute and Daniel Klein of Stony Brook University.
This research was supported in part by grants from the National Institute of Mental Health (MH40501 and MH50522) and the National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA12951) awarded to Peter Lewinsohn.
For advertising and promotion on HealthNewsDigest.com please contact Mike McCurdy: [email protected] or 877-634-9180
HealthNewsDigest.com is syndicated worldwide, to thousands of journalists in all media, and health-related websites. www.HealthNewsDigest.com | <urn:uuid:693f5c0c-cf0f-4072-8538-e327d4cb9374> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.healthnewsdigest.com/news/psychological0/Research-Explores-Markers-of-Depression-From-Childhood-to-Adulthood.shtml | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721027.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00550-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.963037 | 730 | 2.515625 | 3 |
In this topically organized introduction to child development, John Santrock balances the content instructors want with the and pedagogy students need. Child Development 9th edition continues Santrock's tradition of presenting cutting edge research and offering strong, integrated coverage of culture, ethnicity and gender, and school related issues. An expert consultant reviewed each chapter to ensure that the latest research is reflected. For students, the text's highly praised pedagogical system has been enhanced to improve understanding of how all of the material fits together.Metacognitive activity occurs when students use self- awareness to adapt and manage strategies during actual problem-solving and thinking ... This includes general knowledge about memory, such as knowing that recognition tests are easier than recall tests. ... As they move through the elementary school years, children give more realistic evaluations of their memory skills (Bjorklund aamp; Rosenblum, anbsp;...
|Author||:||John W. Santrock| | <urn:uuid:1d9dd618-5ff9-4004-821e-b96a4da56b5d> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.informatyczna-pomoc.eu/download-pdf-child-development-book.pdf | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988717963.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183837-00375-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.916164 | 193 | 3.703125 | 4 |
Learn something new every day
More Info... by email
A machine screw, also sometimes referred to as a machine bolt, is a screw that is typically designed to be fastened to an existing, tapped hole on a metal surface, usually in conjunction with a corresponding nut. These types of screws are not as large as the average screw, usually ranging in sizes up to three quarters of an inch (19.05 mm) but they can still be larger. Variations between machine screws mainly exist in overall size, shape of the head, slot type, length, material, and characteristics of the thread.
A major way of categorizing a machine screw is by the type of slot in the head, which will determine the kind of screwdriver that is to drive it into its hole. The two major kinds of screwdrivers used with machine screws are slotted and Phillips head screwdrivers, but there are several other minor types of screw drive holes such as Torx — six-pointed, star-shaped drive holes — that require more specialized screwdrivers. Specialized types of screw drive holes may be important when it is desired that the screws are not interfered with for safety reasons, since it is more difficult to acquire specialized types of screwdrivers. A dangerous electrical panel, for instance, is a good place for a machine screw with a specialized type of hole. Other machine screw heads can be similar to a hex or square bolt that have no screwdriver slot and must be turned with a wrench.
The shape of the head of a machine screw will determine how it lies once it is fastened to a hole. Round and pan heads will protrude from a flat surface once they are attached. Flat-headed screws are designed for holes that are bored so they lay flush with the surface when they have been screwed in. The head of a set machine screw is smaller than the diameter of the screw threads, so when it is attached it can be driven through a hole and adjusted to a desired depth.
More of the major differences between machine screws are in the characteristics of the thread. This part of any given machine screw is one of the most important, because the corresponding holes that they are fastened to will typically be tapped to fit only one specific size and type of screw thread. The system used for characterizing different threads usually follows ISO (International Organization for Standardization) standards, which have been established to keep consistent design specifications in machine parts produced throughout the world. Two of the major thread characteristics are its diameter and pitch, the latter being the distance between threads. These screw threads can also be made to be screwed clockwise (right-handed) or counter-clockwise (left-handed).
While the size of a machine screw is usually relatively small, there can still be a vast amount of variations between size, shape and length, mostly determined by their intended purpose and how strong they need to be. Custom-made screws may also be manufactured for specific machines that do not even have to follow any ISO standards. Machine screws can be made of any of a variety of metals or plastics.
Cool. Thanks. This helped a lot with my project!
One of our editors will review your suggestion and make changes if warranted. Note that depending on the number of suggestions we receive, this can take anywhere from a few hours to a few days. Thank you for helping to improve wiseGEEK! | <urn:uuid:c9ac8780-faa6-4e90-a351-d67087a9109d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-machine-screw.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280718.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00409-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.967074 | 684 | 3.34375 | 3 |
While day trading can be profitable, most novices struggle to find consistency. All trades boil down to three elements, regardless of the style.
Learning trading on your breaks the best of us. You open a book to find thousands of indicators. Chart patterns seem easy. Yet, no two people see them the same way. Try picking where to start. There are dozens of markets and thousands of stocks.
What do we do? Turn to the internet. We encounter as many trading strategies as stars in the sky. Some of them are legitimate. Some are scams.
Why is it so difficult? Honestly, people overcomplicate trading. While the nuances take time to learn, every good trade consists of three components: the setup, context, and trade management.
All good trading starts with a setup. A setup is a repeatable pattern. When you combine the set up with the other characteristics, you consistently make money. Setups come from chart patterns, indicators, and cycles, among other price action related movements.
Let’s look at the four different types of setups that exist.
1) Reversal – Trading reversals attempt to pinpoint when a stock turns around. You aim to pick off as close to the high or low point of a move.
- Indicators: Oscillators, support and resistance level, Fibonacci retracements, moving averages, and candlestick patterns such as Doji, outside candles, and others work as reversal indicators.
- Pros: Reversals allow you to trade close to your stops (close to risk)
- Cons: However, it is difficult to achieve high win rates. They’re also tough to define targets.
2) Continuation (momentum) – The trend is your friend until the very end. Continuation trading capitalizes on the current trend of a stock or market. You buy whiles stocks remain in an uptrend. Sell when they remain in a downtrend.
- Indicators: Moving averages, MACD, stochastics, and other lagging indicators likely continuations. Flag patterns and wedges play an important part.
- Pros: You can identify continuation patterns easily and achieve high win rates.
- Cons: Continuation setups don’t have well-defined stops. Losses also tend to be much greater than wins.
3) Consolidation – Some stocks and markets move sideways for long periods. Consolidation trading works to take advantage of channels created in price action.
- Indicators: Oscillators, trendlines, Average True Range, Bollinger Bands all identify range-bound stocks. Patterns like flags, wedges, and triangles key us in.
- Pros: Consolidations are very easy to identify and trade with clear risks and rewards.
- Cons: By the time you find a consolidation, you’re often near the end of its lifespan.
4) Breakout – Breakout setups look for stocks to expand higher or lower out of consolidation areas. Trading breakouts seeks stocks before they expand out of consolidations. They also will look for breakouts and then retests of the consolidation areas for entries.
- Indicators: Breaks of Bollinger Bands, Average True Range, support and resistance levels, volume, along with moving average crossovers help identify breakouts.
- Pros: It’s easy to identify consolidation and when the stock appears to be breaking out.
- Cons: Many traders see “false” breakouts, which get them buying into breaks higher. The stock then turns around and heads lower.
Trade setups that work during slow markets won’t do well if the S&P gaps down 500 points. Setups that play on reversals fail in trending markets. For the setups to be effective, there must be context.
Context looks at the broader picture beyond the specifics of the trade setup. This includes:
- Higher time frames – Imagine you trade the 15-minute time frame. A higher time frame like the 60-minute or daily could show you a different angle. Don’t trade a setup on the 15-minute chart for a move higher when it will run into resistance on the 60-minute chart.
- Other markets – Most equity markets and indices tend to move together. You won’t see many days where the S&P 500 moves higher without the Dow Jones Industrial Average. Correlation doesn’t always exist. But you should be aware of the relationship between bonds and stocks along with others.
- Known events – Events such as earnings, data releases, or geopolitical events can drive markets. Look no further than the Brexit vote to see how markets rolled over during the night.
- When you’re trading – Volume and trading come in heaviest at the open and the close of the session. Fridays tend to have lighter volumes. The winter holiday season tends to see low volume. Summer driving impacts on the gasoline markets, while frigid winters drive up heating oil.
- Market structure – Market structure looks at support and resistance. You review your setup relative to swing/pivot points, retracement levels, and consolidation points. This keeps you from trading a breakout higher into a resistance level.
Remember the last time you entered a trade, and it turned against you? You prayed to the trading gods to get you back to break-even. Never again would you do something so dumb. Eventually, you sold at a loss. And then you did the same thing again a month later.
Why do we all fall into the same pattern? Lack of trade management.
Trade management means you know your trade before you enter. Every trade you know your entry and your exit. Depending on the types of setups you choose and your style, you may have specific prices. Other traders use percentages. Combinations of both work best for some traders who trade in different markets and different time frames.
Above all else, you must manage your capital. Know how much you plan to risk, what you could gain or lose. Look at the impact on your overall portfolio. A trade may be a great setup. But you don’t want to risk 50% of everything you own in one go.
Lastly, more advanced traders know how to adjust their trades. Options traders frequently adjust their positions based on changing probabilities. Most of us are better served by simply sticking to the basics.
Despite the complexity, all trading boils down to these three components. Most newer traders fail to consider one of the three. You’ll commonly see traders forget to manage their capital and overleverage their traders. Others fail to win consistently because they fail to consider their setups in a broader context. And some just simply click buttons hoping for a win.
If you’re new to trading, try this simple strategy. Write down each of these three components before you make a trade. If you can’t write all of them, avoid the trade. Once you have a book of them, look at all of them together. See if you sense any patterns or tendencies. You may find that some of what you wrote down at the time doesn’t make much sense later. | <urn:uuid:b40f3a48-65d5-421c-8afa-b369c3cbe550> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mystrategicforecast.com/the-only-3-components-to-a-trade-youll-ever-need/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00266.warc.gz | en | 0.918776 | 1,484 | 1.679688 | 2 |
Everybody wants to be the boss, right? You get to decide what to do boss or a leader, who does what and gets all the glory! Indeed, many managers and C-suite executives think they are supposed to or perhaps born to tell other people what to do. This is the hallmark of the boss: They tell you what to do, demand things of you and may have a license to be an asshole from their boss.
Leaders Are Chosen
Leaders, however, are not anointed, hired or self-selected. They are chosen by those who follow them and no other. To achieve this, leaders must inspire others with forward thinking, be honest, and walk the walk of their followers.
Use Ideas as Motivation, Not Money
Leaders use ideas as motivation instead of money. Leaders offer a set of ideas or values that people can connect to and become part of. Belonging to something clearly different in some important way. People who opt into group activities for their own reasons are far more committed and likely to bring their friends.
Motivate with Autonomy
Teams are motivated by autonomy, mastery and purpose as well as social dynamics. Give them the autonomy to choose their leader for a given purpose that they believe in and a chance to do something great for the cause through practice and expertise, they will stay a long time.
Lie to them, even once, and you will lose their trust even if you are a good leader otherwise.
Once you start hiring, it becomes abundantly clear why being a leader is much more important than being a boss. Many people do appreciate clear direction from their ‘boss’.
Coming from someone who really cares about their team and has everyone is rowing towards the same agreed-upon goal, direction feels like efficiency. When the *boss* tells them to do something but not why they should do it, they have no energy for the work and efficiency flags while they seek other things to do with their time. Eventually, when they discover something inspiring, they will move on to a leader who brings what we all crave: belonging and a positive purpose in the world.
Learn more about Entrepreneur and CEOs coaching on Aspire360. | <urn:uuid:599de0a8-267f-4e6d-9c22-0522cef5bc24> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.allianse.com/are-you-a-boss-or-a-leader-find-out-today/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00468.warc.gz | en | 0.977593 | 459 | 1.960938 | 2 |
What do we mean by Conservation?
When we talk about ‘conserving’ something, we usually mean to stop it from running out. If a person talks about ‘conserving their energy’ they mean that they are trying not to use it all up quickly.
It’s the same when we talk about conserving other resources, such as fuels or minerals. Conserving these involves making sure that they are not used wastefully, so that they are prevented from being used up altogether.
Conservation of natural habitats or species of wildlife refers to maintaining healthy ecosystems and population numbers so that no plants or animals become endangered or extinct. There are lots of different methods that are used to do this, which you can learn more about in the following sections of this factsheet.
Photo: Montgomery County Planning CommissionRead More: Why is Conservation important for the Environment? | <urn:uuid:2a2ff0c7-7b68-4539-986b-c7920892e75c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ypte.org.uk/factsheets/conservation/what-do-we-mean-by-conservation | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571536.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811224716-20220812014716-00277.warc.gz | en | 0.956747 | 179 | 3.40625 | 3 |
Which of the following represents the correct order in which the indicated budget documents for a manufacturing company would be prepared?
0 Sales budget, cash budget, direct materials budget, direct labor budget
0 Production budgetI sales budget, direct
2. Complete the oompany's direct labor budget for the upcoming scal year, assuming that the direct labor
workforce is not adjusted each quarter. Instead. assume that the companys direct labor workforce
consists of permanent employees who are guaranteed to
The actual results for July appear belmv:
Fcrthe Month Ended July 31
Actual pounds tun-:1:
Packing supplies 2,9?D
Oyster had maintenance 3,450
Wages and salaries 6.45!)
E 0 Cost reports are ineffective as budgeted costs at one level of activity is compared to actual costs
at another level of activity
0 Cost reports shows whether xed costs are controlled and do not show whether variable costs
E| a Cost repo
Isiala Ba:r Teurs aperatas deg:r teurs at seestal glaciers in Alaska en its teur beat the Emerald Glacier.
Management has identied bva east driversthe number at bruises and the number at passengersthat it
uses in its budgeting and perfarrnanae raperts. Th
May 31 accounts payable balance |$ QWI
|Total cash payments 5 EDDIE!
expenses will be paid in cash. Depreciation is budgeted at $2,000 for the month.
a. The note payable on the May 31 balance sheet will be paid doling June. The com
2. Assume that the company will prepare a budgeted balance sheet as of September 30. Compute the
accounts receivable as of that date. cfw_Do not round Intermediate calculations]
September sales 400.000
Total accounts receivable F 5 490.000
U! HulaI- mlw
Micro ProductsI Inc.I has developed a veryr powerful electronic calculator. Each calculator requires three
small 'chips' that cost $2 each and are purchased from an overseas supplier. Micro Products has prepared
a production budget for the calculator by q
2. Compute the oompanfa manufacturing overhead rate [including both variable and xed manufacturing
overhead) for the upcoming scal year.
Total budgeted manufacturing overhead for the year 3 1?5,?00
Total budgeted direot laborhours for the year 20,400
Gntal Telemm has budgeted the sales of its innovative rnpbile phene ever the next four manths ae
Babe in Lil'iil
The earnpanv is new in the preeeea at preparing a praduatien budget far the third quarter.
Bosnia Corporation uses an activity-based costing system with three activity cost pools. The company has provided the following data concerning
its costs and its activity based costing system:
Wages and salaries $260,000
cfw_Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Houis inc. is considering the acquisition ofa new machine that costs $300,000 and has a useful life of 5
years with no saivage value. The incremental net operating income and incremental net cash flows that wouid
Freestone Company is considering renting MachineY to replace Machine X. It is expected thatY will waste less direct materials than does X lfY is
rented, X will be sold on the open market For this decision, which ofthe following factors islare relevant?
cfw_Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Duhl Long-Haul, Inc., is considering the purchase of a tractor-trailer that would cost $125,1T5, would have a
useful life of 5 years. and would have no salvage value. The tractor-trailer would he used in the compa
In a sell c-r preceea further clecieic-n, which ef the fellcuwing ccrete are relevant?
I. t 1urariahle prcducticn cost incurred pric-r tn the aplitcFF paint.
II. An avuiclable xecl preci uctien cuet incurred after the spliteff paint.
0 Dntyr I.
a . Dniy I
Which of the following is not a [imitation of activity-based oosti ng?
O Maintaining an activitybased costing system is more costly than maintaining a traditional direct labor-based costing system.
0 Changing from a traditional direct labor-based costing
Property taxes are an example of a cost that would be considered to be:
a . Organization-sustaining.
Organizationsustaining activities are carried out regardlees cfwhich customers are served. which products are p
Mckerchie inc. manufactures industrial components. One of its products. which is used in the construction ofindustrial air conditioners, is known as
662. Data concerning this product are given below:
Selling price . $ 160
Direct materials . 513
cfw_Ignore income taxes in this problem.) The management ofRuselt Corporation is considering a project that would require an investment 011232000
and would last for 6 years. The annual net operating income from the project would be $107,000. which inchdes
Spendlove Corporation has provided the foliowing data from its activity-based costing system:
Activity Cost Pool Total Cost Total Activity
Assembly . $1 ,1 14,920 5 1000 machine-hours
Processing orders.-. $471,016 1,800 orders
Inspection. $10?,323 1,560 i
Craft Company produces a singie product. Last year. the company had a net operating income of $00.000 using absorption costing and $74,500
using variable costing. The fixed manufacturing overhead cost was $5 per unit. There were no beginning inventories.
cfw_Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Sam WEEIEI is thinking ofinvesting $70,000 to start a bookstore. Sam plans to withdraw $15,000 from the
business at the end of each year for the next ve years. At the end of the fth year, Sam pians to sell the bus
Olds lnc. which produces a single product. has provided the following data for its most recent month of operations:
Number of units produced . 1,000
Variable costs per unit:
Direct materials $50
Direct labor . $4?
Variable manufacturing overhead . $2
cfw_lg nore income taxes in this problem.) The management of Dittriclc Corporation is considering the following three investment projects:
Project I Project J Project K
Investment required $13,000 $41,000 $93,000
Present value ofcash inows $13,520 $43,150
A customer has requested that lnga Corporation ll a special order for 2,000 units of product K81 for $25.00 a unit. While the product would be
modified slightly for the special order, product K81's normal unit product cost is $1990:
Direct materials . . .
cfw_Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Chow I.'.':ompan1_.|r has gathered the following data on a proposed investment project
Investment required in equipment $142,5D
Annual cash Inows $30,0
Salvage value . $0
Life ofthe investment. 8 years
Ekmark Corporation uses the following activity rates from its activity-based costing to assign overhead costs to products:
Activity Cost Pools Activity Rate
Assembling products $6.56 per assembly hour
Processing customer ordersumnm $65.38 per customer ord
Resendes Reners. |nc. processes sugar cane that it purchases from farmers. Sugar cane is processed in batches; A batch of sugar cane costs $43
to buy from farmers and $15 to crush in the company's plant Two intermediate products, cane ber and canejuice, e
cfw_Ignore income taxes in this problem.) Chow (.'Zompang.r has gathered the following data on a proposed investment project
Investment required in equipment $142,500
Annual cash Inows $30,000
Salvage value . $0
Life of the investment . 8 years
cfw_Ignore income taxes in this problem Tu Corporation is investigating automating a process by purchasing a machine for $423,000 that would have
a 9 year useful life and no salvage value. By automating the process1 the company would save $112,000 per yea
cfw_Ignore income taxes in this problem The management of Hirsh Corporation is investigating an investment in equipment that would have a useful life
0) years; The company uses a discount rate of1396 in its capital budgeting. The net present value of the | <urn:uuid:36312873-7c79-4307-97e6-1d68ee7e251d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.coursehero.com/sitemap/schools/2247-Concordia-TX/courses/5922461-MBA5307/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00023-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.90322 | 1,880 | 2.171875 | 2 |
Please boost your Plan to download papers
Nursing Education Assignment
Pages 3 (753 words)
Nursing education Name: Instructor: Task: Date: Nursing education research articles 1. The article : Evaluation of evidence-based Methods used to teach nursing to teach nursing students to critically appraise evidence Author : Smith-Strom, H., & Nortyedt, M…
et al. First Published : November-December 2008 Introduction The department of nursing is evaluating nursing student’s capability of appraising scientific articles using evidence based teaching methods. These articles reveal three stages of teaching how to appraise scientific articles. For instance, there is the formulation of a question, searching for relevant evidences, and significant appraisal of the evidence (Oermann, 2007). The synopsis The nursing department applies the three steps by giving the students two scientific articles to evaluate. The students are organized into discussion groups. In addition, they discuss the articles with their lectures. Finally, both the students’ discussions and the examination results reports, recommend that method of appraising scientific articles (Smith-Strom & Nortyedt, 2008). Consequently, Smith-strom argues that, this discovery improves the student’s attitude towards apprising scientific articles thus the critical appraisal of articles. Sewell, a specialist in computers, informatics, nursing (CIN), conducts research on the impacts of the decision process, based on evidence. He researches whether the decision can improve the passing rates of national council licensure examinations in the Bachelor of Science nursing option (Engelmann, et al., 2008). ...
Not exactly what you need? | <urn:uuid:8225c9ec-2b4f-400c-804d-9bc8cda550bf> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://studentshare.net/nursing/54554-nursing-education | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280872.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00316-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.899071 | 331 | 2.859375 | 3 |
Researchers have recently discovered how new species of coral form.
Michael E. Hellberg, associate professor in the Department of Biological Sciences at Louisiana State University (LSU) and his graduate student Carlos Prada investigated how corals specialize to certain environments. Corals begin their lifecycles as free-floating larvae which have the ability to float far and wide in open water. In their study they ask, “How can new marine species emerge without obvious geographic isolation?”
Their findings suggest that habitat depth is the answer; the formation of coral species depends on how deep in the ocean the corals grow.
Prada and Hellberg studied different species of sea fans. One sister species has adapted to shallow water while another has adapted to deeper water. They found that the shallow water sea fan had a different structure than its deep water relative. They also found that when they transplanted the shallow water coral into the deep water environment, it began to take on characteristics of the deep water species, and vice versa.
Prada notes that while the corals can take on similar characteristic when transplanted, they cannot completely transform. This suggests that they share a common ancestor, but have since adapted genetically to their specific water depth.
To learn more:
- Read the full article: LSU Professor Discovers How New Corals Species Form in the Ocean
- Find the study, published in PNAS, here: Long prereproductive selection and divergence by depth in a Caribbean candelabrum coral
Copyright © 2013 by Marine Science Today, a publication of Marine Science Today LLC. | <urn:uuid:99982ec5-1f08-40b0-a32b-cba6de19b42e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://marinesciencetoday.com/2013/02/10/how-do-new-coral-species-arise/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280929.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00430-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954363 | 322 | 3.90625 | 4 |
Reading Biblical Greek introduces first-year Greek students to the essential information needed to optimize their grasp of the fundamentals of the Greek language—no more and no less—enabling them to read and translate the Greek of the New Testament as soon as possible.
The learning approach in Reading Biblical Greek revolves around three core elements: grammar, vocabulary, and reading & translation.
- Grammar. The grammar consists of micro-lessons, which break up information in small, digestible chunks. Each micro-lesson addresses a single point. This arrangement makes for easy comprehension and review. It also allows the teacher to pace the material based on its difficulty and ability of their students. New learning is incremental and recursive-each new piece builds on and reinforces prior learning. Lessons are structured in three columns: 1) Introducing new topic; 2) Material to be memorized; and 3) Examples and exercises.
- Vocabulary. As an essential complement to grammar, vocabulary is introduced at strategic points and is arranged first by what the student has been learning in grammar, and then by frequency. The vocabulary lists are collated at the back of the book for easy access. The first 13 vocabulary lists are keyed to Mark 1-4 to help students to integrate their vocabulary learning with a 'real' Greek text.
- Reading & Translation. The goal of this grammar is to enable students to read and translate the Greek of the New Testament. Thus, the content is structured and tied to a specific Greek text to enable reading as soon as possible. The student will have read and translated the whole of Mark 1-4 by the end of the course. The accompanying Reading Biblical Greek Workbook is a vital part of the approach. It breaks up the text of Mark 1-4 into manageable portions and provides vocabulary and grammatical assistance as required.
While Reading Biblical Greek only introduces students to information that is essential to grasp of the fundamentals of the Greek language, it is informed by the latest and best of Greek and linguistic scholarship, enabling students to move seamlessly to further study.
Similar Items you may enjoy! | <urn:uuid:940c1809-2ee4-47f1-8165-77930efb3982> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://christian-book-store.christiansunite.com/527991/Reading-Biblical-Greek:-A-Grammar-for-Students.shtml | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572033.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814113403-20220814143403-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.934351 | 423 | 3.484375 | 3 |
(Adds quotes, details)
By Elaine Lies
TOKYO, March 7 (Reuters) - A composer once known as the "Beethoven of Japan" said on Friday that tests had shown he was not legally deaf and apologised to people throughout the country for lying by using a ghost writer for his popular symphonies and other music.
Mamoru Samuragochi, a classical musician who became known as an inspirational genius for composing music despite losing his hearing, bowed deeply before a packed news conference, his first public appearance since the scandal broke last month.
"I have caused a great deal of trouble with my lies for everyone, including those people who bought my CDs and came to my concerts," Samuragochi, 50, said, his trademark flowing hair now trimmed in a typical businessman's cut.
A statement distributed to reporters said hearing tests had shown that while Samuragochi's hearing was impaired, it did not meet the requirements for legal deafness.
"I can hear sounds, but the sounds are twisted," he said. "Hearing conversations is extremely difficult and I still need an interpreter."
German composer Ludwig van Beethoven began suffering hearing loss from about age 30 and withdrew from public performances while continuing to write music. He was almost totally deaf for the last decade of his life.
Samuragochi collaborated with part-time university professor Takashi Niigaki for 18 years to compose his music after suffering hearing loss.
He said on Friday that he and Niigaki would meet in a coffee shop in the Shinjuku entertainment district of western Tokyo and work out how Niigaki would compose the music. Niigaki, he said, kept negotiating for higher fees.
"I wrote out what I wanted and the general plans, then Niigaki wrote the music," he said.
"If ultimately that means I defrauded people who bought my CDs, then yes, I did," he said, biting his lip.
Samuragochi gained international fame for his "Hiroshima Symphony", a tribute to the victims of the 1945 atomic bombing of the Japanese city.
He also apologised to television stations and newspapers which had supported his career as well as figure skater Daisuke Takahashi, who used Samuragochi's music in his short programme at the Sochi Winter Olympics just days after the scandal broke.
"I worried that it might have had a bad impact on his skating ... I felt a terrible sense of responsibility," Samuragochi said, adding that he didn't watch the Olympics because it was too painful. Takahashi ultimately finished sixth.
"I know that it was wrong to use a ghost writer, but it is true that I wanted to use my music to bring light to people who were having tough times," Samuragochi said.
The scandal has riveted Japan, with two television stations broadcasting live the first 30 minutes of the news conference, which went on for nearly three hours.
Music industry analysts say part of his popularity was the result of promotion by an industry eager to put a human face to classical music and retain a shrinking market share as Japan ages. (Additional reporting by Chris Meyers, editing by Ron Popeski) | <urn:uuid:5e9bca37-5ec5-4b58-9985-8ec8f27b12e0> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://news.trust.org/item/20140307040812-h752j | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00472-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.989429 | 662 | 2.0625 | 2 |
Priyanka Shah, an architect working in New York City, has received the 2017 Lawrence B. Anderson Award for her research proposal, "The Architecture of the Deal: Excavating forces behind architectural form in the largest urban projects in New York and Paris.” The award will support Shah’s investigation of local development deals, zoning regulations, financing mechanisms, and the difference between welfare and pro-market governance to locate relationships between these drivers and the resulting architecture of two neighborhoods: Hudson Yards and Clichy Batignolles.
The Lawrence B. Anderson Award was established in the spring of 1987, in honor of the former dean of the MIT School of Architecture and Planning (1965-1971), to be presented every other year in support of creative documentation as a valuable form of learning.
Shah's research focuses around the work of the French modernist Roger Anger, for which she received the Deborah J. Norden Fund Grant from the Architectural League of New York, and the relationship of urban form to social conditions, which she will pursue as part of her Anderson Award research. She also serves as a New York Chapter Steward for The Architecture Lobby.
Comment as : | <urn:uuid:97f8f76a-ef54-4143-9807-0963565d86e7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bustler.net/news/6765/priyanka-shah-announced-as-winner-of-mit-s-2017-lawrence-b-anderson-award | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573197.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818124424-20220818154424-00667.warc.gz | en | 0.963135 | 242 | 1.71875 | 2 |
Website updated: June 25, 2008 1:23 AM.
Copyright © 2008 Charles Elliott's Web Site & Content - All rights reserved.
Read Policy (Enter)
Coal & History of Coal
In the seventeenth century, Southwest Virginia was the hunting ground of the Cherokee Indians. The Shawnees sometimes hunted there also, and battles broke out from time to time. The Indians still considered this their land when the Europeans came. Daniel Boone's 16 year old son, James was killed by Indians in 1773 in what is now Powell Valley. Boone and his family lived for a time near present-day St. Paul.
In 1749 Dr. Thomas Walker made a complete circuit of what became known as Wise County. With him was Ambrose Powell, who carved his name on a beech tree along a small river. That river became know as Powell River. Captain Christopher Gist, a scout for George Washington, came to southwest Virginia in 1750 to examine the lands for the Ohio Land Company of Virginia which had offices in Williamsburg.
Starting in the 1750's, pioneers sought out this region for their homes, lured by the hope of owning their own land. By the 1850's numerous people lived in the towns and "hollows" of this region.
Gist found lumps of coal when he was in this area in 1749, but it was not until 1880 that interest in coal became intense. The growing industry in the north, particularly Pennsylvania ,created the demand for this commodity. Two mines were started by P. J. Millet in 1885 in what became Dorchester, Virginia. Dorchester was built in 1890 by John A. Esser. A M. S. Kemmerer sent his agent, J. C. Haskell to Dorchester to buy all the property he could from the people living there.
In 1905 Kemmerer bought the Colonial Coal and Coke Company and then combined it with Little Wise Coal and Coke Company, which he already owned, forming Wise Coal and Coke Company. Wise Coal and Coke mined coal and made coke until it ceased mining coal on March 28, 1963. The company continued to make coke until February 28, 1967 when it stopped all operations. Wise Coal and Coke was sold to Greater Wise, Inc. on January 1, 1972.
Life in the camp
"The coal camp is named appropriately - a "camp" - a temporary community whose very spirit betrays the sense of its limited and uncertain existence, even though a mine may have worked steadily for a generation or more. A person who has lived more than twenty years in such a camp still speaks of "home" as the place where he or she grew up. Since the camp's existence is entirely dependent upon the mine, its whole life revolves around the routine of the whistles, the shifts, the trains, and the tipple." (Fawbush, 1976)
The company owned the entire community, and the community was beholden to the company for its existence. The church and the school buildings were provided and maintained by the company. Water, electricity, coal were provided by the company at token cost. Any improvements - recreation fields, road maintenance, etc - were usually initiated and done by the company.
System of Scrip:
The store or commissary, was a company store and bound the miners to it through a system of scrip, which was really an advance of the next payday. The use of script was began as a service to families, but resulted over time in trapping the unwary in deep debt. A $1 book of scrip continued 5 dimes, 5 nickels, ten two-cent pieces, and five pennies. Books of scrip could be sold for cash at $.75 on the dollar. Each denomination had a different color. Each camp had different scrip so a camp's scrip was only good at the commissary in that location.
Many jobs were created by the building of Dorchester, and people came from Kentucky, Tennessee, North Carolina, and West Virginia to find work. Many Hungarian immigrants came from New York, making up 90% of the miners in the early 1900's. The Hungarians had a governor who often came to Dorchester to see how his people were doing, making sure they got their own beer and whiskey. Many black people found work in the mines and coke yards of Dorchester and lived in the camp. The section of the camp inhabited by the Hungarians was called "Hunk Town". The blacks lived in "Stable Row", "Kentucky Hill", and "Kentucky Flat."
The miners had to buy their own supplies, including powder, fuses, picks, shovels, and lamps. They were paid by the the number of two-ton cars they loaded with coal. When a miner filled a car, he would hang on a nail on the car a round piece of metal with his number stamped on it, called a "check." At the tipple, the "checks' were hung on a board. The number of "checks" represented the number of carloads of coal each miner had filled that day. Miners did their own blasting in the mines, used their own picks to break up the coal, and shoveled the coal into the car. According to Clifford Stallard, a man could shovel two tons of coal into a car in twenty minutes.
This is Walter Courtney standing outside a mine near Dorchester. He has on a carbide lamp and is holding a large wrench. This is a typical miner in the 1920's. Later the miners wore electric lamps with a battery pack carried on their hip.
There were company police who were bonded by the judge at the courthouse in Wise, Virginia. These men were responsible for law and order in the camp.
The company owned all the house in Dorchester. A salaried worker did not pay rent, but most workers were not salaried. These workers paid $6 a month rent for a typical three room house. Coal was used to heat these houses and it cost between $.75 and $1.25 a ton. Before 1915, when electric meters were installed, workers paid a flat price for electricity. The workers paid their electric bill directly to the company.
Around 1915-1916, D. Terpstra, a well known electrical engineer, originally from Holland, was brought to Dorchester to supervise the building of a power plant on the Powell River just below Dorchester. A dam was constructed at the plant and water was used to produce steam for turbines to produce electricity. Power lines carried the electricity to Dorchester, and the houses had electric meters placed on them.
Mining Town Store
Website created & designed | <urn:uuid:c50b6236-1f41-4606-896d-1065e22c21c3> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://kf4vdf.tripod.com/coal.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00464-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.987619 | 1,372 | 3.46875 | 3 |
Emotions are on display in the inaugural Inside Out art exhibition, a collaboration between Headspace Bundaberg and CQUniversity.
CQUniversity lecturer Regina John Luan said it was a meaningful exhibition for her students, past and present, and the theme of Inside Out was developed alongside Headspace’s Youth Engagement Committee and it offered a way to express emotions through art.
Second year digital media student Conley Inskip said he was honoured to be part of the first Inside Out art exhibition, which allowed him to express emotions close to his heart.
“This one is titled Unsympathetic Journey, it is about depression – my partner has depression,” Conley said.
“It shows the dark and moody colour, the blues, and that there is a light at the end. It also has a person standing there and it shows the big leaps they have to take to get better.”
Conley, 19, said his other artwork, which was highly commended at the opening of the Inside Out art exhibition, titled Forgotten represented Alzheimer’s disease.
Regina said she was blown away by the high quality of the artwork, and she said the students were wise beyond their years.
“My goodness, I needed to help make use of their creativity to apply and make the best version, which could be used to create awareness of mental health,”
“Only with that can we create a medium of artworks, a communication of something unheard.
“True artworks come from the artist’s own journey.”
Headspace Bundaberg’s centre manager Dean Hyland said each piece of artwork in the Inside Out art exhibition had its own meaning, and it was up to the viewer to interpret.
“It’s a fantastic collaboration with CQU and Headspace,” Dean said.
“For the level of the artwork being produced, from local to international, having this quality of arts in Bundaberg – we are just so, so lucky.
“Artists have the ability to tell their stories, some are really heart wrenching, so it is that pitching of taking the inside emotions and showcasing them on the outside, and the name Inside Out is ideal for this exhibition.”
First year art student Amber Christensen said she wanted people to connect with her art pieces on another level.
“I really want my work to speak to people,” she said.
“I like to think into my work deeply, and I do a lot of research when creating my work.
“I feel really great having my work on display here at the Inside Out exhibition.”
Headspace Youth Engagement Committee member Rhys Williams said artwork had the ability to help release emotions, and it was great to see the varied artwork on display.
“It’s great that Regina approached us, wanting to do an exhibition relating to mental health,” he said.
“It’s a great way to help explain emotions – through art.
“Engaging young artist to help share their message around mental health is really fantastic.”
Inside Out art exhibition is open until 20 August at CQUniversity, in Building 5, Drama Barn. For more information click here.
- Other news: Sew Quirky stitches a new style
- ATW victorious in premier league final
- Espresso Loca serves up coffee that’s good for the earth | <urn:uuid:00192979-8324-4313-ad0a-898342b888ba> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.bundabergnow.com/2021/08/16/inside-out-art-exhibition-brings-out-emotions/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00470.warc.gz | en | 0.971639 | 727 | 1.867188 | 2 |
If you have a pet, chances are you have had to take your special little guy or girl to a veterinarian. How do you know where to go or which vet is right for your pet? One of the smartest things to do, besides looking at reviews of vets online, is to look through a directory of vets.
A veterinarian directory is a special list of people that have completed education in animal medicine. You can trust that everyone listed in a veterinarians directory has graduated from medical school and is a quality doctor for animals.
A veterinarians directory lists all the certified professional veterinarians. In any particular area, you can find vets close to you, far from you and everything in between. In fact, without a vet directory, there is a good chance people would be unable to find someone to make their special pet feel better. It is scary to to think about not having someone to help a pet when they are sick or hurt.
A vets directory can be found both online and in print, depending on where you look. You can find vets listed by city, by state and by street, and determine which one is right for you. The best advice consists of finding a vet in a close proximity to you, then searching the internet for reviews of that vet. If it turns out that they are a quality veterinarian, you should totally take your pet there when it gets sick or hurt.
Without veterinarians in the world, when pets had problems they would simply have to deal with them or die. That is a horrific, morbid thought, so it is very good that so many vets exist, and that there are vet directories to help people find a vet. | <urn:uuid:d7fbeeb7-5ae8-43a3-828c-59997f5a3cec> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wgcity.com/need-a-veterinarian/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00271.warc.gz | en | 0.971206 | 336 | 1.914063 | 2 |
Bubble jet printers, actually a type of inkjet printer, differ from other inkjets by using heat to create bubbles that fire the ink onto paper. Other inkjet printers use a piezo actuator--a ceramic piece vibrated by electricity--to force ink onto paper.
Other People Are Reading
Siemens patented the first inkjet printer in 1951 and developed it through the 1960s, according to Mimech.com. In the 1970s, IBM made the continuous inkjet printer to mark and code packages. In 1977, Siemens unveiled the drop-on-demand inkjet printer, which was far less complex--it would only eject ink onto the paper when needed, using a piezoelectric ceramic actuator.<p>Mimech.com also notes that Cannon developed the first bubble jet printer in the 1970s, similar to Siemens' inkjet using a piezo actuator, except Cannon's bubble jet used heat to form an ink vapour bubble that forced the ink onto the paper. Soon after, Hewlett-Packard launched its bubble jet printer, called a thermal inkjet.
The most familiar part of the printer is the ink cartridge we change when the ink runs out. Modern printers include the print head in the ink cartridge. The print head is where the ink is sprayed on the paper, with a piezo actuator or a bubble jet. The print head rides on a stabiliser bar that evenly distributes the inks while the stepper motor pushes it back and forth. Once you insert paper into a printer, rollers pull the paper inside and makes sure the paper moves at a correct pace so the printing goes smoothly.
Inkjet printers, including bubble jets, are very quiet and can produce beautiful colour images with photographic quality. Another advantage is their relatively low price when compared to other printer types, such as laser printers.
The disadvantage of using an inkjet printer is that, while inkjets are cheaper than laser printers, they cost more to maintain, especially in cost per page. The exception is the heavy-duty industrial printer, some models of which can produce printouts for about one-third of a cent per page, reports Mimech.com.
Before purchasing a printer, people should consider what they need in a printer and how they plan to use it--primarily for text printing versus printing photos from a digital camera--and the cost of ink. You can often find bargains or special discounts online.
- 20 of the funniest online reviews ever
- 14 Biggest lies people tell in online dating sites
- Hilarious things Google thinks you're trying to search for | <urn:uuid:3a4a3e69-1ee0-4073-8e12-a7166b7e79f5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.ehow.co.uk/about_6499064_difference-bubble-jet-inkjet-printers.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282935.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00236-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.890785 | 544 | 3.375 | 3 |
Spaces of Refuge
Person and Being
This book is about the shared nature of human existence: how we live our lives in the close company of others, in whose very being we come to participate. We come into the world accompanied, and this remains our defining condition: who we are, how we come to experience ourselves as conscious subjects, with the capacity to act on the world, are fundamentally conditioned by our constitutively accompanied nature. This mutuality does not undermine individuality but precedes it and is its condition of existence. Typically grounded in intimate but often asymmetrical relations of care and protection, mutuality nevertheless also establishes a certain vulnerability. This can manifest as a willingness to be dominated, if our continued sense of identity, our sense of self, can thereby be assured.
The Urarina, a hunting and horticultural people of the Peruvian Amazon with reference to whom these arguments are developed, recognize and elaborate these relational qualities of human experience to a high degree. Yet they never lose sight of the importance of individuality and uniqueness. A range of factors have shaped this dual emphasis on mutuality and autonomy, from low population density and the immediate, largely face-to-face nature of the social environment to limited access to modern technologies and manufactured goods to the exuberant, formidable expanse of the seemingly endless jungle, teeming with diverse forms of life. Then there is the extraordinary, turbulent history of the Amazon basin itself, marked by complex networks of trade and warfare, demographic expansion and contraction, high mobility, and brutal clashes between radically different civilizations. The struggle for survival of the indigenous inhabitants of the region has not diminished over the centuries, and their enemies today remain as powerful as ever. Despite historical trajectories and environmental conditions that are in many ways unique, peoples such as the Urarina also grapple with answers to fundamental existential conundrums that apply equally to us all, concerning what it means to be alive, to be human, and to live with others.
Despite the commonality of our human predicament, the responses that Urarina have developed-not to mention the distinctive cultural forms through which these are expressed-are their own, and must be understood with reference to the social and cultural milieu in which they are embedded. Careful analysis of a diverse range of practices and events together with commentaries and explanations offered by my hosts and interlocutors over the course of fieldwork reveal a set of basic assumptions and presuppositions, often more or less taken for granted, about the nature of the self and its coming into being through relations with others. How well these square with our own theories or intuitions may vary considerably. Some of the most important rites and practices of child care from an Urarina perspective-ceremoniously cutting the umbilical cord and burying the placenta, or going out of one's way to keep a newborn baby feeling warm and safe-differ only slightly from our own experiences, while others-the performance of esoteric chants that can last for hours, or the receipt and bestowal of personal names by shamans in the throes of powerful visionary experiences-offer a striking contrast. The common Amazonian wisdom that certain animals, plants, or material objects are themselves essentially persons who share many basic qualities of humanity, including a mind or soul, intentionality, and even human culture, are still more difficult to reconcile with our scientifically informed understandings. Reflecting on these ideas and practices may not only help to draw our attention to implicit assumptions and prejudices in our own worldview; they may be seen to offer insights into the nature of human experience that we can recognize as valid in some important sense despite being largely overlooked or even suppressed by dominant Western discourses.
In everyday language in the West, the term person is used more or less synonymously with human being. We might therefore assume that asking what it means to be a person is the same as asking what it means to be human. But a little closer examination reveals some exceptions: someone in a permanent coma is still human, for example, but could be said to have lost some intrinsic part of his or her personhood. Certain animals, on the other hand, such as much-loved pets, might come close to being treated as persons by their owners, even if deep down the latter "know better." Further enquiry into the dominant logic in Western societies suggests a more or less widespread sense that to be a person is to be a self-contained, independent entity endowed with a set of inner mental or psychological capacities such as self-awareness, rationality, and responsibility. These criteria effectively constitute the individual as an autonomous being, the author of his or her own actions, an authentic self with a private identity, capable of having experiences that belong exclusively to that private self. This sovereign individual, self-governing and self-disciplining, is considered to have a separate and independent existence both temporally and spatially, with his or her own unique experiences as well as abilities, preferences, needs, and desires.
The commonsense Western view has largely taken it for granted that it is essentially because we are conscious, rational beings of this kind that we are able to enter into social relations with others. People are assumed to preexist the social relationships they enter into, giving rise to a conception of social relationships as a kind of supra-personal glue that binds individuals together, linking them up to form a larger unit-society-to which they are in some sense opposed but which mirrors their qualities of wholeness and enclosure at a larger scale. The processes by which people are drawn into social relations are often labeled "socialization" or "enculturation," revealing a related assumption that we begin life as essentially natural organisms, asocial and cultureless. There may be an implicit dualism at work here that opposes the body to the mind or soul as completely different kinds of substance and that tends to objectify "external" objects as existing entirely separately from the observer, implying a rigid distinction between subjects and objects. This further corresponds to the dualism of nature and culture: the body is basically seen as a biological organism, bounded by the skin and endowed with a more or less "given" or "natural" set of needs or drives that are met, controlled, or moderated by "culture," an artificial creation of joint human activity.
Processes of socialization or enculturation are correspondingly focused on cultivating the mind, comprising forms of learning conceived as primarily psychological rather than physiological. These are not absolute distinctions, but they do reflect general tendencies or habits of thought that stem from deeply rooted and widely shared assumptions about the underlying nature of reality: they constitute part of our shared understanding of what the world is like on the most fundamental level, or what kinds of things make up a world-what is sometimes referred to as an ontology.
Concepts of the person are deeply implicated in everyday practices, values, and social institutions ranging from morality and law to politics and religion. This was a point made forcefully by Durkheim (1973 ), who pointed out the centrality of ideas and values surrounding the individual to the modern form of collective life. In the wake of industrialization and modernization, the notion of the abstract individual as the key locus of natural rights and moral values had become a key source of coherence in an increasingly secular society characterized by highly divergent lifestyles. Mauss (1983 ) took this further by showing how this Western concept of the individual had a historical trajectory of its own, in which a range of influences, including ancient Greek moral philosophy, Roman law, and Christianity, all conspired to give shape to a concept of the person as an individuated self, separable from the particular role or social position he or she inhabited.
Since Mauss, a vast literature has grown up dedicated to exploring historical and cross-cultural variability in, and determinations of, the person or self. Much of this literature has converged in drawing a somewhat stereotypical contrast between "Western" and "non-Western" forms of personhood. Generally speaking, the latter has been conceptualized as more or less the opposite of the bounded, autonomous, reflexive, and independent Western self; hence a proliferation of terms emphasizing its essentially "joined-up" rather than "individualized" qualities, as implied by descriptive labels such as "interdependent," "sociocentric," "dividual," "permeable," "multiple," "partible," or "detachable." This may further correspond on a moral or ideological level to a contrast between the values of individualism and egalitarianism, on the one hand, and holism, on the other, the latter typically associated with forms of hierarchy and collectivism (e.g., Dumont 1972). Western social sciences are not immune to the same predispositions, and it has been suggested that their methodological focus on individuals as the basic units of social reality has hindered their ability to comprehend even individualistic societies (Dumont 1986: 11).
Forms of personhood are more divergent at the level of moral values and ideologies than in terms of actual, everyday experience of the self and of one's relations with others. In this latter sense, Western persons are undoubtedly more "relational" or "joined up," and less "individualistic," than the discourse of individualism would imply (see, e.g., Carsten 2004: 101-7). On the other hand, many of the features of individualism are to be found in a variety of non-Western societies. Scholars have long drawn attention to the fact that native Amazonian societies are structured in terms of symbolic idioms that relate to the construction of the individual or, more precisely, the fabrication of the body rather than the definition of groups and the transmission of goods (e.g., Seeger, Da Matta, and Viveiros de Castro 1979). In many areas of Amazonia there are no social groups that survive the lifetime of single individuals; the only social group is formed by the settlement, which has little continuity through time because its existence depends on the leader or headman and is constituted by his personal network of relationships (see Rivière 1984). The apparent individualism of some Amazonian peoples is thus in part the product of an atomistic social system; and yet these same peoples maintain an unmistakably strong orientation toward others, emphasizing the relational grounding of the self to a high degree. That we perceive these tendencies as contradictory, or their coexistence as paradoxical, calls into question some of the ontological assumptions that underpin much Western thinking about the person.
A radical difference between Western and Amazonian concepts of the person arises from their divergent attitudes toward animals and other nonhuman beings. The significance of this difference was driven home by Descola (1992, 1996), who observed that nonhumans are often considered to possess a soul or spiritual principle and that it is therefore possible for humans to establish various kinds of personal relations with them, ranging from seduction or protection to forms of alliance and exchanges of services. These natural beings are thought to be endowed with human dispositions and emotions, the ability to talk, and a variety of other social attributes, including human forms of social organization, behaviors based on kinship and respect for certain norms of conduct (Descola 1992: 114). Descola drew the conclusion that these "animistic" systems of thought effectively invert the way Western "naturalism" deals with the differences between humans and nonhumans. As he later expressed it, if Western ontology proposes that humans and animals have similar bodies (all made up of the same basic elements) but very different minds or interiorities (only humans have higher-order consciousness), animistic ontologies propose the opposite: a fundamental discontinuity of bodies but a continuity of minds, shared by humans and nonhumans alike (Descola 2005).
This crucial insight forms the basis of what is now known as perspectivism. Especially as developed in a groundbreaking article by Viveiros de Castro (1998), this theory derives much of its considerable explanatory power, and its striking elegance, from one key claim-that people everywhere make some kind of distinction between what is "universal" or "given" in the world and what is "particular" or "constructed" through intentional action but that Westerners and Amazonians have almost precisely opposed ideas about which is which. The most obvious example concerns the categories of nature and culture. Western thought posits a unitary nature, differently perceived or represented by the world's many diverse cultures (hence the familiar notion of multiculturalism). Amazonian ontology, by contrast, is "multinaturalist": it presumes a universal (human) culture but a multiplicity of natures.
Though at first highly counterintuitive to a Westerner steeped in a naturalistic ontology, such a formulation immediately helps us to make sense of the claim that although all beings see themselves as human, they do not see other kinds of beings as human but rather as nonhuman predators or prey. Animals are assumed to inhabit a cultural universe more or less shared by everyone: they may dwell in longhouses, drink manioc beer, have chiefs and shamans, marry exogamously, and so on. We do not see any of this under normal waking conditions, because of the limitations imposed by our own species-specific "nature," our (human) body with its unique capacities, affordances, and dispositions. Where a jaguar sees manioc beer, we see blood; a tapir's ceremonial house is for us a salt lick. It is not merely that we see the same world in different ways: in a multinaturalist ontology, different beings see different worlds in the same way.
The implications of perspectivism for kinship and personhood have tended to receive less attention from anthropologists than relations with nonhumans, especially outside Amazonia, but they are no less significant. We typically assume consanguinity, or blood relatedness, to be fixed at birth and relatively unproblematic; affines or in-laws, on the other hand, are created through human intervention, specifically marriage. Thus anthropology has traditionally focused attention on marriage patterns and their consequences while assuming that who or what counts as a blood relation can be mostly taken for granted. Yet the evidence suggests that many Amazonian peoples see consanguinity as unstable and in need of careful creation out of an assumed universal background of real or potential affinity, which extends to include even enemies and nonhumans. This simple inversion of our own expectations helps to explain why so many Amazonian social practices are focused on the body and its fabrication, from everyday acts of feeding and nurturing to complex rites of decoration and ornamentation. All living beings, nonhumans included, share the same generic soul, which sees only the same thing everywhere; bodies, on the other hand, are markers and instruments of difference. Conceived as bundles of capacities and affects as much as physical matter, it is the body that determines the world one apprehends.
Although grounded in the body, perspectives are not fixed or immutable. In fact, Amazonian social practice has been characterized precisely as an ongoing, essentially predatory "struggle between points of view" (Stolze Lima 2000: 48), in which all beings seek to impose their perspective on others while avoiding the attempts of those same others to do likewise. Fausto (2000, 2007) describes the Amazonian lived world as one in which different groups, human and nonhuman, living and dead, all seek to capture "others" and turn them into kin. Shamans and warriors seek to capture animals and enemy spirits, appropriating their names, songs, or souls as a way of ensuring the reproduction of the social group. At the same time, nonhumans try to capture humans by seducing or preying on them so as to transform them into members of their community. Such a formulation is especially useful for the way in which it brings concepts of power to the fore while making clear that they can no longer simply be associated with relations of coercion or control between humans. Instead, power is embedded in the relational matrix through which perspectives are transformed, especially relations of adoptive filiation, domestication, and "taming."
In this book I build on some of perspectivism's key insights, especially insofar as they confirm the need to firmly situate the study of sociality and personhood in a broader cosmological and ontological context. However, I also seek to moderate some of the theory's core assumptions and to move beyond it in certain ways. One of these concerns the emphasis on predation. Many Amazonian societies valorize hunting and warfare, while shamanic practice often partakes heavily in the symbolism of both these institutions. As Descola (1992: 94) put it, for the more warlike peoples especially "the capture and incorporation of persons, identities, bodies and substances form the touchstone of a cannibalistic social philosophy." Perspectivism builds on an established tradition of Amazonian scholarship that emphasizes the importance of predation as a key symbol or ideology, inscribing this directly into indigenous ontology. Subjectivity is determined by one's position within a relational matrix of predators and prey, and to be a true subject or agent means first and foremost to be a predator.
An analytical emphasis on predation was an important step forward in recognizing the moral and ontological autonomy of Amazonian peoples, and it cautioned against idealistically projecting Western ethical values onto others. But it has also tended to privilege, and to generalize, masculine modes of relating to others in the contexts of hunting and warfare. An emphasis on the capture or appropriation from the outside of the elements needed for social reproduction, especially of souls or other vital forces through life-taking, has similarly meant downplaying the life-giving and other productive capabilities to be found within the group. Some of the most symbolically significant and sociologically productive forms of relationships established by Urarina are not with animals but with other nonhumans such as plants or material artifacts, often associated with feminine spheres of activity, and embedded in a relational ethics of care.
If the concept of predation is of limited utility in comprehending the Urarina lived world, this may be in part for historical reasons. The Urarina are a relatively peaceful people who nevertheless have a long history of subordination vis-à-vis powerful outsiders, to whom they see themselves as morally superior. They are understandably reluctant to accord full personhood to the powerful figure of the predator, and prefer to recognize the agency (not to mention humanity) of the subordinate party. Yet rather than simply identify as "prey," they instead seek out other ways of representing concepts of subjectivity and agency. While ideologies of predation are not entirely absent, this is far from the most important kind of relation in terms of the processes that constitute persons and groups.
The relationships of greatest significance in Urarina social life are instead often expressed through idioms of "companionship" or "fellowship," relations irreducible to kinship but more formal than friendship and typically grounded in certain forms of shared activity and structures of feeling. Often established with reference to the creation of new life and new persons, I suggest, the full realization of a sense of self is achieved through participation in the lives of others in the context of such companionships, which at the same time are the basis of Urarina social groups. They imply a sense of security and mutuality that is sometimes imagined as the intimate coexistence of fetus and placenta in the protective space of the womb, a founding state of proximity and mutual permeability that in some ways they seek to re-create.
In tracing through the implications of this argument, I call attention to the fact that although perspectivism challenges and relativizes many of the most deeply held ontological assumptions of Western thought, it does not challenge the assumption that the subject is ultimately a unitary point of view, even if an unstable one: it is essentially a perspective on the world, anchored in the individual. As in classical psychoanalysis, it is the supposedly formative qualities of a self-other opposition that is emphasized, understood primarily with reference to the visual field. A "self-image," for example, may arise when the self or ego sees itself reflected in the other, as though in a mirror.
Drawing on the Urarina material as well as Sloterdijk's (2011) theory of spheres, or spaces of coexistence, the alternative I propose is that a prior field of sensation informs the development of a self-image and that this field is constituted through intimate relations with others that are always already present, from our earliest moments of intrauterine existence. In place of the Western privileging of the visual field in the constitution of a sense of self, I shift emphasis to the acoustic domain. Rather than images, reflections, or perspectives-optical tropes that reinforce a self-other divide-I seek to show how it is above all within the psychoacoustic field that subjects are called into being. This helps to foreground some of the broader ontological claims made, to the effect that human existence has a medial structure and that the subject is always situated in a shared field of protection and attention that logically and temporally precedes any isolation of a single point of view or subsequent polarization into the position of "predator" or "prey."
Urarina strive to achieve their personal autonomy and sense of self through a network of relationships far more varied than we would find in the so-called individualist West. Whether this is a hammock "singing" its lullaby to the baby who swings in it, a wife demanding cooperation from her captive tortoise, a shaman communicating with his powerful stone bowl, or simply the ongoing exchange of words and sounds that characterize all intimate relationships, selves are always connected to their alters within shared acoustic fields, and it is in this context too that they begin their process of differentiation. The Urarina subject is constantly under construction, less a "point of view" than an animated field of attachments and dependencies that always involves two or more. Yet simplistic contrasts between Western "individual" personhood and non-Western "relational" personhood run at right angles to what might better be described as a continual movement in which individual autonomy emerges from relations of mutual engagement and reciprocity but is then immediately directed at the reestablishment and re-creation of solidarity and connectedness, and in turn to the production of the autonomy of others. Partaking in the lives of others is not in conflict with the irreducibly individual and private dimensions of existence, or the experience of an inner life, but a condition for their emergence.
Such a focus on the intimate spaces of coexistence within which the contours of the self take shape further serves to highlight that what it is to be a person or self cannot be separated from the conceptions of the good that prevail in a particular milieu. As Londoño Sulkin (2005) has shown, standards of moral behavior may impose strong constraints on how the personhood of others is recognized or bestowed in Amazonia, tempering the perspectivist claim that all kinds of beings, human and nonhuman, are ontologically equivalent. I would emphasize that the particular understanding of morality that is of greatest relevance here is less that concerned with the content of obligation-with what it is right to do-than with what it is good to be and with the nature of the good life. In other words, the self exists in moral space, and understanding its sources, as Taylor (1989) makes clear, must incorporate an inquiry into how people seek to live the best possible life in accordance with their ideas of what makes life meaningful and fulfilling. The care of children along with trust in the relations of interdependency related to such care are primary moral concerns expressed by many Amazonian peoples (Overing 2003: 297), and my exploration of these themes emphasizes that the special importance placed by Urarina on patterns of care form part of a relational ethics rooted in ideas of mutuality, receptivity, and responsiveness.
In the following chapters I trace the path of development from the earliest moments of intrauterine existence through infancy and childhood to the cultivation of a gendered social and political identity to show how deeply intimate but asymmetrical attachments and dependencies shape Urarina experience and selfhood. These can, on occasion, extend beyond human society to include a variety of animals, plants, spirits, and material objects, raising questions about the position of humanity within a wider universe of potential subjectivities. This relative openness, or charitable disposition, as it were, to the personhood of nonhuman entities is such an important feature of many Amazonian societies because it points to radically different understandings of power, of the aims or ends of social life, and of the ontological importance of mutual coexistence as a precursor to the inner life of the individual. While issues of political subordination and relations to state power are not dealt with at any length here, we can reasonably assume that the early formation of subjectivity in conditions of intimate attachments and dependencies can condition one's subsequent incorporation into the social and political order (Butler 1997). By virtue of the nature of its own formation, bound to seek recognition under conditions not of its own making, the subject is rendered vulnerable to certain forms of exploitation or subjugation. As manifest in the most intimate spheres, power is rarely coercive, and largely expressed through vectors of caring, defending, seducing, or taming. These may in turn be thought of in terms of a broader matrix of subjectification, or subjection, implying the simultaneous subordination and forming of subjects. This process is clearly neither simple nor unidirectional, and the elicitation and manipulation of emotional attachments and desires are of paramount importance. A focus on the material and discursive practices of subjection, in this expanded sense, could shed new light on the complex relationship between autonomy and dependency, which I have already suggested lies at the heart of Amazonian sociality.
Approaching the Urarina
This book is based on ethnographic fieldwork conducted between January 2005 and March 2007 in two communities of the upper Chambira River, which I call here San Pedro and Nueva Unión. Since their earliest appearances in seventeenth-century Spanish chronicles, and probably since their emergence as a distinct ethnic group, the Urarina have inhabited the middle and upper reaches of the Chambira River and its affluents in the region between the Pastaza and Tigre Rivers, now in the province and region of Loreto (map 1). Urarina communities may today also be found along the Uritoyacu and Corrientes Rivers, which like the Chambira flow into the Marañon River to form the headwaters of the Amazon.
The journey to these communities essentially begins in Iquitos, the regional capital and the largest city in the Peruvian rainforest. From here I would travel by passenger ferry southwestward up the Marañon for a day and a night, passing through hot, sparsely populated, low-lying rainforest, dotted along the way with predominantly riverine peasant, or ribereño, communities and a couple of small towns. There are also a number of Cocama communities along the lower Marañon; this group historically had close ties to the Urarina but were encouraged to deny their indigenous heritage for much of the twentieth century, until quite recently launching a project of cultural revitalization. On reaching the mouth of the Chambira, I would disembark the ferry and begin winding slowly up its dark, meandering waters by motorized dugout canoe, stopping overnight in villages along the way (figure 1). For the first day or two, the communities are predominantly mixed-descent mestizoswho do not identify as indigenous, but beyond this are almost entirely Urarina. The rivers are slow moving and sinuous in this low-lying, swampy landscape, and liable to rise or fall several meters according to the season. As one progresses upriver toward the remoter headwaters of the Chambira, the river grows steadily shallower, and in the dry season especially one must be careful to avoid submerged branches and other hazards.
After around five days of traveling in this manner, one reaches the community of Nueva Unión; San Pedro is located a few hours farther upstream on a smaller tributary. Both communities are relatively small even by Urarina standards, comprising eight to ten houses and a school scattered around a central grassy plaza that doubles as a football field. The houses themselves are small and simple and made entirely of materials sourced locally. Four hardwood columns support a pitched roof of thatched palm leaves; the floor comprises an elevated platform made from huacrapona trunks (Iriartea deltoidea), split open and joined together. The houses are otherwise entirely open, and the lack of walls is pleasant in the heat, especially at night, but makes privacy difficult. A simple hearth, comprising three combustible wooden poles arranged radially, with the cooking pot resting on their point of convergence, is usually located on bare ground just next to the house, sheltered by the overhanging leaves. People usually sit directly on the floor, though some men fashion low benches or utilize hammocks while resting during the day.
While most residents of a community are related to each other in some way or another, it is often possible to detect clusters of houses located closer together, reflecting extended family groups who tend to cooperate in common tasks and share food slightly more frequently with each other than with their more distant neighbors. Because postmarital residence is uxorilocal, with brideservice lasting at least several years, the houses in these clusters are often inhabited by a group of sisters and their in-marrying husbands. Urarina have no lineages, or any other kind of corporate group, and their social organization is relatively fluid. Many alliances are volatile and the social groupings that exist relatively unstable, with people coming and going as they choose, and mobility within and between communities remains high.
The economy is subsistence based, oriented to hunting, fishing, and swidden horticulture. A strong ethic of economic independence at the level of the nuclear family means that everyone is more or less equally competent in all the activities appropriate to their gender. Men still hunt with blowpipes on a regular basis but nowadays prefer to use shotguns if cartridges are available; less often, they hunt with dogs or set traps. Fishing is usually with hooked lines (done mostly by women) or spears (mostly by men), occasionally using poison made from crushed huaca leaves and released into shallow streams. Women assume primary responsibility for maintaining gardens once they have been cleared and planted, tasks with which men assist. Plantains and sweet manioc are the staple crops, though most gardens also contain smaller quantities of a variety of other cultigens, such as maize, papaya, and peanuts; these are supplemented by wild fruits gathered from the forest, especially from the ungurahui, aguaje, and pijuayo palms. Women generally spend much more time than men in the house during the day, engaged with cooking and child care, weaving, sewing clothes, or making string bags to exchange with fluvial traders. Many women also raise chickens, and men occasionally raise pigs, all exclusively for exchange.
The Urarina are a relatively large ethnolinguistic group by contemporary Amazonian standards, numbering somewhere around four thousand to six thousand, although exact numbers are difficult to determine because relatively few have identity documents or are covered in the national census. In the literature they have been variously referred to as Aracuies, Cingacuchuscas, Chambiras, and Shimacus, among other names, while Urarina themselves use the ethnonym cacha. As is common elsewhere in the region, this autonym essentially means "real people" or "true humans." Other languages traditionally spoken in the vicinity of Urarina territory include Candoshi, Omurana, Iquito, Jebero, Cocama, and Yameo. Although they have been erroneously accorded membership in a variety of ethnic and linguistic families since their first documentation in the literature, Urarina is today considered a linguistic isolate, unrelated to any other known language.
The Urarina language is used exclusively among Urarina themselves. Spanish is spoken only to outsiders, and then only by men. Most men are today reasonably competent speakers of Spanish, and a minority could be considered fully bilingual; women, however, generally do not speak Spanish. This is attributable in part to the pervasive gender segregation that characterizes Urarina society, and is indeed one of the most immediately distinctive features for an outside observer. It is generally considered inappropriate for a woman to converse with a man who is not her husband or close kin. Interaction with outsiders-especially with mestizos and other non-Urarina-is the exclusive province of men. Hence for both cultural and linguistic reasons the majority of my interactions were with men rather than women. Elderly widows were an exception to this rule (as they are to many constraints imposed on women generally), and I developed a certain rapport with a couple of older women, with whom I was able to converse in Urarina at a basic level and in Spanish with the help of a translator. For although I made a concerted effort to learn the Urarina language and, over time, developed a degree of competency in reading and writing, I never learned to speak it well. This was due in no small measure to the complex verbal morphology, which proved particularly difficult to master. As such, I spoke more Spanish than Urarina during my stay. When conversing with women, I often found it most convenient, and reliable, to record their responses to open-ended questions and then transcribe and translate them later. Hence although every effort was made to consider women's perspectives wherever possible, these constraints on the analysis of gender should be taken into consideration. I have little doubt that future work with women will reveal additional perspectives on Urarina society complementary to those elaborated here.
Because of the relative inaccessibility of these communities, visitors are relatively rare. Like many other Amazonian peoples, Urarina are understandably suspicious of outsiders and their intentions, and it took time and patience to build solid working relations of mutual trust. I eventually began to establish rewarding friendships with a small handful of men whose particularly insightful commentaries on a range of matters were of inestimable help in advancing my understandings. Their voices appear from time to time in these pages, and I have made an effort to stay faithful to their distinctive style of speech.
My greatest debt of all is to Lorenzo, without whose intellectual engagement with my project this book could not exist. At the time of my stay, Lorenzo was an aspiring and astute middle-aged man living with his second wife, their three small children, and his widowed mother. As an elected leader, or lieutenant governor (teniente gobernador), of Nueva Unión, he thought constantly about how best to enhance its size and prosperity and was particularly interested in tapping into the resources of the state and its legal system to achieve his ends. While deeply interested in the stories and wisdom of the ancients, he was also a staunch advocate of progress, who regularly implored people to live in a disciplined, "organized," forward-looking manner. I came to admire greatly his resourcefulness, vision, and determination.
Jorge was a young man of roughly my own age who moved to Nueva Unión with his family while I was already residing there following a bitter dispute with his erstwhile neighbors farther upriver. He quickly became a good friend and indispensable assistant and translator. This was no doubt in part because of his own status as a relative outsider and newcomer to the community but also because he had spent a few years in his youth in the city of Iquitos and was comfortable speaking Spanish as well as relatively sensitive to, and understanding of, cultural differences. He also developed a reasonable comprehension of the aims of my project and helped me to explain these to others, alleviating suspicions about my motives. Jorge had two wives-not in itself unusual-but one of them was Lorenzo's mother-in-law. This was anomalous given Lorenzo's seniority in terms of age and was doubtless a source a tension between the two men, who did not often see eye to eye. Other valued companions in the field included Martín, one of the local Urarina schoolteachers who was also originally from another community; and Samuel, one of my nearest neighbors in Nueva Unión, whose tiny ramshackle house-in which I spent much time visiting-was always full of colorful pet birds, from tiny parakeets to imposing trumpeters. A congenial, middle-aged man living with his wife, mother-in-law, and four children, he was always happy to chat, ideally over a bowl of manioc beer prepared by his adolescent daughter.
One reason for including these people's individual voices where possible is to avoid giving the impression of a normativity or conformity that simply does not exist. Amazonian societies tend to be loosely and informally organized, with little emphasis on statuses or roles. They are relatively free of explicit or standardized normative codes and conventions, and there is little by way of a tradition of exegesis. Even within the upper Chambira area, I found that certain beliefs and practices tended to vary from group to group, or even person to person. This is another of the ways in which Urarina society is quite individualistic, and there is often a healthy difference of opinion to be found on a great number of matters.
This may be especially the case with shamanism, a cultural institution of great importance in the everyday lives of many Urarina and which is by its nature highly dependent on individual experience rather than the standardized cultural transmission of ideas. Urarina shamanism is not a restricted domain accessible only to initiates: any man willing to persevere may eventually be considered a coaairi coera, "drinker of psychotropics," by regularly consuming ample quantities over a long period of time of decoctions prepared from ayahausca (Banisteriopsis caapi) or angel's trumpet (Brugmansia suavolens). For the only proper teacher is considered to be the spiritual presence of the plant itself, typically referred to as its "mother" or "owner." For this reason, the term shaman, as used in this book, generally refers to an experienced drinker of psychotropics but not a separate category of person. In Nueva Unión and San Pedro, most men of middle age or above were essentially practicing shamans of one form or another, who drank psychedelics on a regular basis for a diverse array of ends. Although women do sometimes drink infusions of ayahuasca or angel's trumpet, they rarely if ever persevere. Certain men seek to go further by training to become a benane, or sorcerer, one credited with the power to inflict harm on others by mystical means, as well as with enhanced abilities to cure such harm. Such men are considered highly dangerous, though they are also few and ever dwindling in number.
One of my earliest challenges, after my arrival, was adequately conveying, to my own satisfaction, the purpose of my stay. While I was graciously accepted into the community right from the outset, my attempts to explain the anthropological endeavor were generally met with skepticism or incomprehension. Finally Damian, the communal chief of San Pedro, gave me a knowing look. "Ah, yes, now I see," he said, nodding his head. "But if you really want to understand about us Urarina, how we live and so on, we can't tell you all that. You have to drink ayahuasca, and keep drinking and drinking and drinking. It will tell you everything, just like it tells us everything." Though I did not expect the visions induced by this powerful psychoactive infusion to substitute for patient participant observation, Damian's remark certainly brought home to me just how seriously visionary experiences were taken. Anthropologists have long recognized that it is impossible to treat Amazonian ritual practices or cosmological ideas as separate from everyday social life, for these are deeply intertwined. As I have just mentioned, Urarina shamanism is far from a restricted domain of esoteric practice, of interest only to specialists. On the contrary, it comprises a kind of implicit background of shared meanings pervading a wide range of everyday tasks. In the case of infant and early child care, for example, shamanic ritual practices were often considered to be of great importance for ensuring a safe and healthy start to life. People's ideas about matters ranging from right conduct to the nature of the self were typically informed to some extent by religious and healing ceremonies involving the consumption of psychotropics. The resulting visions are deemed authoritative in a way that is difficult for us sometimes to comprehend, far surpassing the relatively unreliable sensory data obtained under normal waking conditions, where appearances are all too often deceiving. Yet such visionary experiences are just one important source of knowledge and of current practices and ideas; historical experiences are another and equally important one.
"The Ancestors Were Already Learning"
Historical information on the Urarina is limited to a smattering of references in the accounts of early missionaries and traders. The first ethnographic portrait was made by Tessman (1930) in the course of his extensive travels through the Peruvian Amazon; his observations have since been supplemented by Castillo (1958, 1961), Ferrúa Carrasco and colleagues (1980), Kramer (1977, 1979), and, finally, Dean (2009), who offers a more extensive historical overview than can be accommodated here. My aim in the following is to enable an understanding of the Urarina as a distinct and unique group vis-à-vis their neighbors and to contextualize some of the salient features of Urarina culture by tracing them, where possible, to historical experiences of trade, warfare, missionization, and the gradual process of incorporation into Peruvian national society.
The Urarina were first contacted in the seventeenth century by Jesuit missionaries, who used the neighboring Cocama and Itucale peoples as guides and intermediaries. By the time the Jesuits entered the western Amazon in 1638, the exchange networks along the Marañon and Huallaga River systems were already under the control of the Tupian Cocama and Omagua, who had begun their migration up the Napo and Marañon some time prior to 1500. Due to their riverine base, superior technology, and warlike disposition, these groups came to play a critical and increasingly dominant role in the region, both trading with and raiding their neighbors. The aggressiveness of the Cocama, who were probably the Urarina's closest trading partners, intensified around the time of Jesuit contact, as a result of the European demand for slaves as well as the indigenous desire for European trade goods. Captives were taken from other groups to "ransom" for trade goods, and by 1640 the Cocama were regularly raiding the entire length of the Huallaga in search of iron tools, captives, and heads (Reeve 1993: 110-11). The decimating effects of disease epidemics contributed to the spiral of violence, and any death attributable to shamanic aggression might be met with retaliation. With their peaceful, even timid disposition, Urarina were likely victims of the raiding warfare into which earlier trade relationships deteriorated following Spanish contact.
The Cocama who assisted the Jesuits to "pacify" the Urarina had in turn been contacted and pacified by the Jevero, who, thanks to their access to European goods, were able to strengthen their position vis-à-vis others (Reeve 1993: 120). As was the pattern elsewhere in the region, proselytization and mission formation followed indigenous alliance networks, and each reinforced the other. The Jesuits eventually came to control regional exchange, and local populations were soon dependent on them for European trade goods, of which iron tools were the principal items. Trade came to center on the exploitation of salt and the exchange of blowgun-dart poison, both activities organized by the missionaries (Reeve 1993: 119). The mission town of San Xavier de Urarinas was founded on the banks of the Chambira in 1738, changing location twice before the Jesuits were expelled in 1767. By this time it had a population of six hundred persons and was considered one of the most established and potentially successful missions to fall under Franciscan jurisdiction (Kramer 1979: 12).
The Jesuit missionary Velasco wrote in the eighteenth century of the challenges faced by his colleagues in coming to terms with the characteristically fluid and independent way of life of the peoples who inhabited the Marañon and its tributaries.
None of them had either small or large town. Divided entirely into separate tribes, with each tribe subdivided into small homesteads, each distant from the other, they were incapable of uniting themselves as a society. They found this abhorrent in the extreme because each family head wanted to be independent, and subject to his natural lord or prince only on the rarest of occasions. They readily offered the missionaries friendship and peace; they promised to subject themselves to their teachings and to receive the gospel, but to speak to them about uniting together in settlements was to hit a sore point, and achieving it was not just arduous, it was impossible.
(Velasco 1979 : 478)
Velasco further reported that the Urarina traditionally inhabited the interfluvial areas, preferring travel through the jungle by foot to river travel (Costales and Costales 1983: 124), and indeed the people I spoke to also confirmed that their earliest ancestors did not fabricate, or travel in, canoes. Dubbing them the "gypsies of the Marañon," Velasco observed that they traveled overland in "flying squadrons," staying only as long in an area as the duration of a particular fruit or hunt, constructing makeshift huts of leaves and branches.
Velasco's characterizations are revealing. They tell us that the Urarina are relatively marginal to dominant political and economic structures, that they prefer flight to confrontation, and that they have an ethos of passive resistance. These features still structure their relations with outsiders today. The Urarina's peaceful, even submissive disposition contrasts sharply with their famously bellicose Tupian and Jivaroan neighbors. This did not escape the notice of the Franciscan historian Izaguirre (2004: 615), who characterized the Urarina as a calm and pacifist people, who received their first missionaries graciously and benevolently, to the point of appearing obsequious and servile. The surrounding tribes, on the other hand, would in such situations turn hostile and prepare to wage war.
During my time in the field I recorded a number of myths and oral histories dealing with the relations between the Urarina and their neighbors. Many of these concern the Candoshi or other hostile peoples whom the Urarina refer to generically as bacauha. The stories often portray the Urarina as the innocent victims of hostile raiding parties, typically in search of captives and/or brides. Against tremendous odds, the Urarina are forced to defend themselves through a combination of wile and bravery. For example, in one story two Urarina women are kidnapped by a Candoshi raiding party and taken back to their village, where they are raised like pets. They are much admired by their new "owner" for their obedience, though his children continually pester them and eye them hungrily. They are fed all kinds of delicacies, especially pineapple, until they grow tremendously fat. One day, they are sent to fetch firewood, water, and maize to make a giant soup. It dawns on them that they are themselves to be the main ingredient. Without letting on, they dutifully begin dehusking rice and grinding maize for the soup. When they are sent to wash and scrub themselves well, they decide to flee. Luckily, they run into one of their uncles, who happens to be out in the forest, clearing a spot to build himself a small shelter. When they tell him their story, he gathers his companions and concocts a plan, and is finally successful in extracting revenge.
The term bacauha may be translated as "enemy" or "savage," and the people so designated are in many ways considered the diametric opposite of real people or true humans (cacha). Yet rather than simply define themselves as "prey" in relation to enemy "predators," Urarina tend to refuse or ignore the predatory mode of relation altogether, and typically spurn violence, cannibalism, and warfare as the concerns of barbarous, uncivilized "others." Even game animals are thought to be "given" to hunters by divine agents through acts of paternalistic kindness, in response to self-effacing requests. Yet if predation is not the primary model of interaction with the outside, there is nevertheless a distinctive ethos of "protection" or "defense," which figures as an encompassing value in Urarina notions of community and selfhood.
In some ways, notably their aversion to warfare, the Urarina might resemble the better-known Arawakan groups in their vicinity; yet they are quite dissimilar in certain other respects. The emphasis on genealogy and descent, refined agricultural techniques, and tendencies toward complex hierarchical polities that characterize the latter (Santos Granero 2005b) are all lacking among the Urarina. So too are the ritualized greetings characteristic of Arawak speakers, which "serve as reminders of a common humanity and peaceful ethos" (Hornborg 2005: 592). Urarina did not traditionally greet each other at all, and even today do so only occasionally, using forms directly copied from Spanish. That said, analysis of the kinship terminology does suggest a historical shift away from a two-line prescriptive system to a generational system, such that many cross-parallel distinctions are blurred, cousins are classified with siblings, and a certain exogamous ideology has come to the fore (see Walker 2009b). In other words, in place of an earlier marriage rule specifying a particular category of relative, there is now only a prohibition on marrying close kin, meaning that people seek spouses from ever further afield. This could be taken to reflect growing interest in long-term trade and a social system more accommodating of outsiders, which is at least comparable to the case of Arawakan groups such as the Matsiguenga or Piro (see, e.g., Henley 1996: 49-50). In addition, the cultural importance placed on relationships of trust, friendship, and love with both fellow humans and nonhumans, rather than exclusively corporeal idioms of shared substance, is in line with recent discussions of Matsiguenga and Amuesha sociality by Rosengren (2006) and Santos Granero (2007) respectively.
Urarina experience with missions was fairly moderate compared to that of many other groups, such as the Cocama and Cocamilla living farther downstream. Though they are broadly familiar with Christian idioms such as God and the Devil, sin, the Bible, and so on, it would be highly misleading to describe them as Christian. Nevertheless, the figure of the missionary or "priest" (batiri, from the Spanish padre) enjoys a special prominence in Urarina historical consciousness. Although long absent from the Chambira, priests are still almost wistfully spoken of as educators and benefactors, sources of gifts and important moral knowledge on how to lead a "civilized" life. The following story, told to me by a highly respected old man named Tivorcio, might be considered fairly typical.
A long time ago, from the time of our creation, there was a priest. And the people got drunk, earlier, and the women had no shame, they used only tiny coverings that scarcely concealed their vaginas. That priest hardly weighed anything, like a bag of cotton wool. He made them learn to feel embarrassed, and speaking to them thus, he taught them. Before, the women would simply sit down on a fire log, without shame, hardly covering their vagina, and we could see it. Really. That's why the priest told them, that's no good, one must cover up, like this. When he spoke like this, the women learned, they learned to be embarrassed. When you get drunk, dance like this, he told them, that's how you dance, and with that the women learned everything. The men also learned. The men used to string up their penises out in the open, but then they started wearing clothing. They were already learning. That's how it's done for all us men.
Other accounts also lend credence to Izaguirre's depictions of the submissive welcome extended to Spanish missionaries, discussed earlier. But they reveal too a deeper level of anxieties and suspicions in people's attitudes to outsiders. Due to their "fear" or "ignorance" (not to mention a resistance to the sedentary lifestyles promoted by missionaries), the Urarina first contacted by these priests are said to have fled into the forest, terrified of being taken to the city as captives. Instead of receiving the gifts on offer, they invoked the wrath of their well-intentioned visitors. Such attitudes toward priests, both then and now, form part of broader interpretive structures that continue to inform constructions of some non-Urarina, including or especially divine beings. Complementary to perceptions of their Jivaroan and Candoshi enemies, certain other, no less powerful outsiders are here seen as benevolent, paternalistic providers of knowledge and other important gifts necessary for living well. Again somewhat reminiscent of the Amuesha case (Santos Granero 1991), power may be conjoined with love such that hierarchy is reconstructed as nurture and thereby legitimized-even if there is always a lingering degree of ambivalence.
After the expulsion of the Jesuits in 1767, the Marañon region was increasingly characterized by a nascent capitalism in which bosses and traders would exploit native labor in exchange for Western goods (Kramer 1979:13). Although rubber was not tapped along the Chambira itself, some Urarina were captured and relocated, and many others worked as debt peons for local patrones, periodically retreating into more inaccessible zones to avoid the perils of contact. By the middle of the twentieth century, the Urarina living on the Chambira River were in more or less continuous contact with whites. While continuing to derive income from extracted forest resources, the region entered a phase of commercial agriculture, characteristically dominated by "feudal" estates (San Roman 1975: 168-90). Some Urarina were bonded to such an estate located on the Marañon River at the mouth of the Chambira. With the gradual improvement of transportation facilities, especially air transport, the jungle region was further integrated into Peruvian national life. In the wake of this increased commercialization, a degree of competition emerged between a variety of entrepreneurs wishing to gain control of indigenous labor. In 1943 the Augustian priest Villarejo described the Urarina as being "submissive to whites" and quite willing to work for patronesor sell products to traders (Kramer 1979:16). These same patroneswere nevertheless prone to threaten and even torture or imprison unwilling laborers, as confirmed by any number of collective memories and oral histories.
The name Shimacu was used commonly through the early twentieth century by neighboring peasantor ribereñocommunities,and it may still be heard today in the region, although Urarina themselves consider it derogatory. According to Dean (2009: 31), Shimacu derives etymologically from cimarrón, which in the Iberian Americas originally signified escaped feral livestock, then runaway Indian slave. There are echoes here of notions of "taming" or "domesticating" that are still quite important in Urarina culture, as well as the tendencies toward submissiveness and evasiveness that were first flagged by Velasco two centuries earlier. At least for some of their trade partners and neighbors, then, these tendencies had perhaps even come to define the Urarina as a group.
In 1960 a couple from the Summer Institute of Linguistics (SIL) began living and working with the Urarina, and have done so intermittently over the past several decades. The effects of this presence have been subtle and complex. In addition to being instrumental in introducing formal schooling, particularly literacy training, this husband and wife team helped to found the first Comunidad Nativa (Native Community)-the official landholding entity recognized by Peruvian law-setting an example that other communities soon followed. Although relatively few Urarina have "converted" to Christianity as a result of this missionary presence, at least so far as I could ascertain, it may have reinforced the importance of a number of apparently Christian themes already discernible within the "traditional" mythology and cosmology, which were presumably embedded in local idioms over the centuries following exposure to mission life. For example, one myth tells of how the son of God was sent to teach the Urarina how to lead a better life. Despite his ability to work miracles, such as turning tiny fish into big fish to feed the masses, the ancient Urarina refused to listen and ended up burying him in the sand.
In recent decades petroleum exploration has brought new migrants into the region and spurred the development of a local timber industry, as well as an increase in commercial agricultural production. Although lumbering is highly regarded by Urarina as a potentially lucrative enterprise, it is undertaken only intermittently, and always at the initiative of traders and private entrepreneurs (figure 2). During the period of my fieldwork, easily the most important commercial activity undertaken was the extraction of edible palm hearts, particularly from the huasai palm (Euterpe precatoria). Not consumed by Urarina, these are sold by traders to a cannery in Iquitos, as well as to local vendors. The Chambira is allegedly the largest single source of edible palm hearts in the Department of Loreto. Urarina exchange palm hearts and other forest products with mestizotraders under the system of habilitación. Desired goods such as shotgun cartridges, batteries, salt, or kerosene are advanced by itinerant fluvial traders on credit as they wind their way slowly upriver, incurring a debt that their Urarina clients must then work off, preferably by extracting the equivalent value of forest produce by the time the trader returns on his way downriver to Iquitos. Such transactions are of considerable ideological significance, rivaling hunting and gardening as bases for Urarina constructions of their cultural identity.
After being substantially reduced in number following contact, primarily as a result of disease, the Urarina population today is thriving. Despite their long and intensive history of contact, they have retained a strong cultural and ethnic identity. Although many Urarina are bilingual, all use the Urarina language exclusively among themselves, and even the majority of schoolteachers are native speakers drawn from other Urarina communities. Barring the occasional (unsubstantiated) rumor of some feared bacauha appearing in Urarina territory, contact with other indigenous groups is currently negligible. The Cocama, perhaps the group historically in closest contact, made a more or less conscious effort to erase their indigenous identity some decades ago, and most of the Urarina's other erstwhile trading partners, such as the Jebero, Omagua, Omurana, and Lamista, have more or less disappeared.
Social and political integration into the Peruvian nation has nevertheless been slow. State presence in the region is mostly limited to the locally elected lieutenant governors (teniente gobernadores), on whom it confers nominal disciplinary power, a small primary health care outpost in the community of Nueva Esperanza, and modest funding for local schoolteachers. In the early 1990s the Fujimori government donated a number of aluminum dinghies to Urarina communities as part of its incentives to form Native Communities, effectively raising awareness of the potential benefits of political participation, although most of these have long since fallen into disrepair. The vast majority of Urarina living on the upper Chambira do not possess a national identity card (DNI), which is more than symbolic of their exclusion from national society; depriving them of suffrage, it effectively ensures their irrelevance to regional governments, which naturally prefer to focus their attentions on their voting constituency.
The continuing social isolation of the Urarina is due in large part to the geographic isolation of the Chambira River but also to Urarina people's deeply entrenched indifference to, and mistrust of, most forms of political organization. The Urarina were one of the last indigenous groups in Peru to form a representative organization, and the impetus to do so at all began as a mandate of the nongovernmental organization CEDIA (Centro para el Desarrollo del Indígena Amazónico), which has worked most intensively with Urarina communities along the Tigrillo, an affluent of the lower Chambira. The president and other officials of the indigenous organization, known as CURCHA (Consejo Urarina del Río Chambira), were drawn from these communities and supported financially by CEDIA, leading to a widespread sentiment, along the upper Chambira, that CURCHA is not representative of the Urarina people as a whole. In recent years the reach of CURCHA has been limited further by the increasing power of the Red Educativa, an institutional arm of the bilingual education program established by the SIL missionaries, though it remains to be seen whether this will develop into a rival ethnopolitical organization.
Urarina occupation of the Chambira basin is not entirely uniform; the lower stretches of the river are populated by mestizocommunities; several live further upriver also. Where mestizos otherwise live in Urarina communities, usually after having married an Urarina woman, they tend to enjoy positions of influence. Many of the Urarina communities appear to cluster together into loosely endogamous units, defined by a higher density of matrimonial alliances within them than between them, and certain dialectical and other linguistic differences (e.g., forms of ritual discourse) are discernible. Mobility patterns are complex and not limited to uxorilocal residence patterns, but there is a certain territoriality that prompts people often to return to the general area of their birth. Several decades ago a group of Urarina crossed by land to the Corrientes River, where at least two sizable communities are now flourishing. In 2006 a small group of Urarina left the Chambira to join with a mestizotown on the banks of the Marañon, though it remains to be seen if the move will prove permanent. Migration patterns appear otherwise virtually nonexistent. A very small handful of Urarina are known to have moved to Iquitos but in almost all cases are reported to have lost contact with their families entirely and renounced their former indigenous identity.
Nevertheless, the marks of change from the past half century or so are clear. For example, in place of the earlier system of debt bondage, based on strong hierarchical and occasionally coercive patron-client relationships, traders now have to compete against each other for native labor, potentially paving the way for the emergence of a market economy. Most people lead more sedentary lifestyles and live in larger communities than ever before, and this is associated with growing dependency on imported foodstuffs and manufactured goods. The majority of children attend school, even if literacy rates remain low, while resolutions to disputes or conflicts are today as likely to be sought through legal avenues as through traditional techniques of shamanic vengeance. Many people appear deeply ambivalent about these and other changes, and it is possible to discern two very distinct ethnohistorical discourses, one celebrating the ascendance of Urarina people into "civilization" from a state of ignorance and relative "savagery" and interminable feuding and another warning of an impending apocalypse as an unavoidable consequence of the gradual but tragic disappearance of the shamanic knowledge necessary for forestalling it. In a similar vein, material wealth in the form of watches, radios, outboard motors, and so on increasingly orients people's desires and structures their expectations. Yet these goods are also intimately associated with the devil, who is said to be their source and true "owner" and who punishes the souls of those who possess them in his celestial fire. In some other respects, however, life on the upper Chambira River continues much as it has since the times of the ancients, an assertion endlessly reiterated in the various genres of ritual discourse. Most of the inhabitants here remain perfectly content to continue making a living in the ways they know best: hunting the animals placed in the forest by the Creator, toiling in their gardens to reap the rewards of their labor, and so on; but above all by standing-leaned-together as real people must, seeking out that ever elusive balance between the various, sometimes contradictory ingredients indispensable for living well.
Add source code 15W5487 to get your discount at checkout.
Cannot be combined with any other offers.
Members receive 20-40% discounts on book purchases. Find out more | <urn:uuid:e9b5b53d-aaae-4302-a527-e086edf7104f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.ucpress.edu/book.php?isbn=9780520273603 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280872.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00313-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961242 | 13,542 | 2.25 | 2 |
Amongst the most appreciated holiday destinations in Puglia, Ostuni is a white pearl set on the Adriatic coast on the borders with Salento. Famous for its picturesque historic centre consisting of whitewashed houses and buildings dating back to the Middle Ages, Ostuni is also famous for its clear blue sea, which for the past ten years has been awarded the ‘blue flag’ by Legambiente, which appointed Ostuni the “city with the cleanest sea in the whole of Italy”. The historic, architectural and cultural appeal of Ostuni the Beautiful lies in its narrow alleys, winding streets with their monuments, the outline of the Co-cathedral, its medieval arches, noble palaces and splendid squares such as piazza della Libertà. Not forgetting the fascination of its ‘masserie’, old farmhouses dotting the countryside which preserve the memory of traditional farming life and have now been transformed into stylish country inns and hotels.
Not to be missed at Ostuni
The historic centre
The Cathedral of Ostuni
Piazza di Libertà
The beach of Cala di Rosamarina
Where to sleep in Ostuni
In one of the splendid country houses refurbished to become comfortable and stylish accommodation structures – you will find them both in town and dotted throughout the territory, set in the rolling hills of the Salento region.
When to visit Ostuni
From May to October the climate here is mild and caressing, enabling visitors to enjoy the countryside in all its glory. In summer, especially in July and August, you can best appreciate the seaside, with average temperature of 25°C. The rest of the year Ostuni is a great choice for excursions and long walks and hikes. | <urn:uuid:d9960fcb-8c80-4469-b33c-080e576d3412> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.charmingpuglia.com/en/hotel-ostuni | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279915.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00282-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.942923 | 365 | 1.617188 | 2 |
Features and uses:
Panicum virgatum Rotstrahlbush
was born in North America and belongs to the Poaceae family. It is a very decorative and perfect ornamental grass
for those who do not have much time to spend in the garden.
The leaves are bright green in the spring-summer, while in autumn they take on the colors of the red orange yellow. Very long and thin, they form an erect tuft, which moves sinuously with the slightest wind.
The inflorescence is supported by long barrels and resembles a soft pink-red cloud formed by so many small florals.
The Panicum virg. Rotstrahlbusch
is perfect both in private gardens and in public green areas. Among its features, it enhances water autonomy
, in fact it does not need water regularly, longevity
, simplicity of care during the year, in fact it is only possible to do a single pruning during the year
, at the end of winter, to eliminate the dry drums that in the winter, coated with small ice crystals, were the protagonists of the garden. | <urn:uuid:09376408-328c-41e1-b7a9-9a62f6e5ed39> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.greggiovivai.it/en/products/ornamental-grasses/panicum-virgatum-rotstrahlbush | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571502.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811194507-20220811224507-00067.warc.gz | en | 0.958981 | 229 | 2.234375 | 2 |
Although we usually recommend that all our clients take out Income Protection with an ‘own occupation’ incapacity definition (as it is the most comprehensive and clear-cut form of cover) this might not always be possible as some very risky occupations cannot qualify for this definition.
It is vitally important to read the terms and conditions of your policy to ensure you have own occupation cover rather than suited or work tasks cover. This slight detail could be the difference between a successful claim and real financial hardship.
For the vast majority of office based workers gaining own occupation cover is possible, irrespective of the insurer. However, for very manual or risky occupations most insurers will not offer the own occupation definition of incapacity.
There are, however, a limited number of insurers who offer own occupation cover as standard to all but the very riskiest occupations.
Thus, with some insurers it is possible for the vast majority of workers to obtain this cover, unless the occupation is excluded from cover completely, such as for professional sports persons and soldiers.
Too often individuals take out an income protection policy without being fully aware of the incapacity definition on which the plan would pay out. Will the plan pay out if I am too sick to do my current job role? Or will it only pay out if I am unable to do any occupation?
For a policy which is designed to protect you throughout your working life it is so important to ensure you have a policy which will actually payout should you be unable to work due to illness or injury.
Taking out an income protection policy that includes the ‘own occupation’ definition of incapacity means that your plan would payout should you suffer sickness or injury that prevents you working in your own occupation. We usually strongly recommend this incapacity definition.
For example, you could have a high pressured job that leads to high stress levels and means that you can no longer fulfil the duties of your occupation.
In this case the policy would payout (as stress is a valid reason to claim) and therefore the insurer would not require you take a less stressful position. Naturally, this definition of incapacity provides the greatest level of income protection cover.
An income protection plan using the ‘suited occupation’ definition of incapacity provides a lesser degree of cover than a policy with the ‘own occupation’ definition.
Under this definition the insurer may require you to return to work in a an occupation for which you are suited.
The insurer will determine what is a suited occupation based on your skills, training, qualifications and experience.
For example, you might be a qualified accountant working as the financial director of a large or rapidly growing company but due to stress you can no longer fulfil the duties of your position.
Where an own occupation income protection policy would likely cover you the insurer may require you to take a less stressful accounting position at the same firm or elsewhere with a suited occupation policy.
A policy with work tasks or activities of daily living definition of incapacity provides the lowest level earnings protection. Under this definition the income protection policy would payout based on the ability of the policyholder to complete certain tasks.
For example, common tasks include walking, bending, lifting, climbing and seeing. It is usually the case that the policy would payout if three or more of these tasks cannot be completed without further risk to health.
We do not usually recommend this type of policy unless the client is not eligible for a policy under other occupation definitions.
It is usually advisable to take out a policy using the own occupation definition of incapacity as this definition provides the highest level of earnings protection and reduces the chances that the insurer may decline a claim.
In other words, you know exactly where you stand with an own occupation definition for income protection.
However, it may not always be possible to take out a policy with this definition as some occupations are not eligible for this type of cover. For example, there are some manual work occupations are excluded from this definition with a number of insurers, especially if you work at heights.
In this case an any occupation or even a work tasks definition may be applied (an insurance broker will be able to tell you the definition applied when you receive your income protection quotes).
Sometimes for these types of jobs a work tasks definition may still provide value as the highest risk to this class of work is likely to be of a very physical or risky nature.
For example, a fall that injures the back could quite easily mean that policyholder is unable to safely walk, lift or bend, and would therefore be covered by the plan.
Buying Income Protection can be a minefield and the occupation definition tends to be one of the main pitfalls. We are here to make sure you have all the information so you can set-up the most suitable financial protection.
We started Drewberry™ because we were tired of being treated like a number.
We all deserve a first class service when it comes to issues as important as protecting our health and our finances. Below are just a few reasons why it makes sense to talk to us.
If you need help please do not hesitate to call us on 02084327333 or email firstname.lastname@example.org. | <urn:uuid:384e29cc-d493-44a2-9395-35118a6a2aea> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.drewberryinsurance.co.uk/income-protection-insurance/guides/own-suited-any-occupation-income-protection | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00669.warc.gz | en | 0.953426 | 1,058 | 1.632813 | 2 |
WHAT YOU OUGHT TO Know
Most people plan each of our higher education college students intended for powerful and additionally pleasing disciplines during medicine and health promptly together with effectively. At the same time CBD especially will help uou realize some of a concentrates on, CBD propane gas is so that you can usually are improved and other organic plant-based things – for example phytocannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids. Even, synthetic medicinal drugs are actually with each of those brief and also longterm unwanted effects, as well as end up being hard to help you displace the particular medicines, yourrrre able to however implement hempen necktie gas to limit utilizing painkillers. A new 2014 doggie review learned that utilizing CBD on the subject of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors from the brain established antidepressant along with anti-anxiety effects.
Compared, on 2018 cbd topical america Foodstuff and even Medical science Operations sanctioned that pharmaceuticals Epidiolex, of which consists mostly of a interchangeable formula with plant-derived CBD extracts. Since outlined last, hempen necktie CBD presents effective anti-inflammatory effects. Chemically, CBD is obviously among 85 chemical compounds categorised as cannabinoids, which are often in the cannabis plant. However, health-related facts everyone present display screen designed for CBD through psychological most people is actually in its place having said that lousy and then connected with schizophrenia along with press the panic button, buyers. It ought to be applied with supplemental medical studies finished concerning psychiatrical individuals.
Although the FDA has taken various exercise to protect against CBD service providers creating individual condition-related wellbeing proclaims, many businesses continue unabashedly advertising and marketing their particular pieces just as curatives just for exact illnesses. Nevertheless, prior to getting using and / or choosing whatever device which include CBD (or any specific professional medical aid pertaining to example) advisory an experienced or medical doctor an exceptional idea. This supplements never have side effects, it’s all regulated plant ordered, Who made. Hemp-derived CBD may just be the very same chemical since the CBD with medicinal cannabis preparations nonetheless constituted of your ejaculate instead of the inflorescence tops, not to mention out of cultivars by using a great deal lower than 0.3% THC.
Genuinely, practically all CBD goods result of halter in preference to from marijuana. You will often see a pair of main damaging chemicals or possibly Cannabinoids for the cannabis plant. Professor Doll Sallying forth Davies, was once the essential concept conventional police for the purpose of England, who has been just simply simply fundamentally hired to review these relevant conventional not to mention medicinal pertaining signs, in regards to the treatment options that come with cannabis-based pieces, likewise believes this. Normally, hangman’s halter comprises of down the page 0.3% THC, while cultivars involving Cannabis devised for marijuana selection concerning as a result of 2% close to 20%.
Due to the fact halter offers you all over again happened to be trained pertaining to finish just as one business foliage because of lowered Δ 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) hemp variations, the several aspects of the hemp seed tend to be more and more excellent for your producing with food products and even numerous end user solutions such as for case study beverages designed for electric power smoking 1 Quite a few merchandise companies (e.g., make-up, professional tablets, waxes and also location fragrances) is probably built by means of generated off-label begin using, these types of concerning instance human consumption, in your mind for this reason intentionally keeping the particular severe basic safety requirements regarding medicinal or maybe foods. | <urn:uuid:cc599554-7cb6-4a04-955b-53add9d54b8b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mbepersiceto.it/what-you-ought-to-know-16/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572198.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815175725-20220815205725-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.950062 | 748 | 2.1875 | 2 |
Bloodletting and leech therapy has a long and storied past. For thousands of years, physicians and healers have employed the bloodsucking leech to treat myriad conditions that assail the human body, the original panacea that would treat anything from “farts to fevers.”(1) The ectoparasite was the ancient physician’s most versatile treatment and so essential that its very name, derived from the Anglo-Saxon word “loece,” refers to a physician or healer and indicates the degree to which worm and doc have long been deeply entwined.(2)
The medicinal leech, Hirudo medicinalis, is a parasitic invertebrate that relies on the blood of animals to survive, typically feeding on fish, snails, turtles, and the occasional human that tracks into its freshwater habitat. A posterior sucker latches onto their host as they suckle free-flowing blood from the anterior sucker that harbors three cartilaginous jaws lined with a hundred minute fangs. In a single feeding, they can drain 5 to 15 milliliters of blood, over five times their own body weight (3). After they have detached themselves, dense and swollen, an additional 50 to 100 milliliters of blood will ooze from their prey for an additional day or two due to the lingering effects of, to put it poetically, leech drool.(4) The leech’s ability to induce free blood flow in their unlucky host is the result of the unique properties of leech saliva, which contains assorted proteins and enzymes with anti-coagulative and vasodilative properties; these proteins prevent the formation of blood clots, ensure constant blood ooze and guarantee the leech a hearty meal.
The now widely derided practice of “bloodletting,” the therapeutic release of blood to address a perceived imbalance in the body, has been employed by doctors for millennia, with the leech emerging as a vital instrument precisely due to its blood ingestion and persistent anticoagulation. Leech therapy has been depicted in both art and literature for centuries – a mural painting within an Egyptian tomb that dates from 1557 BC depicts a nurse delicately applying a leech to a patient’s forehead while detailed descriptions of leech therapy have been found in ancient Greek medical texts from 200 BC, as well as in Arabic, Persian, Chinese, and Sanskrit literature dating from the first century AD.(4)(5)
The zenith of medical leech therapy, however, occurred during the 1800s, when Europeans went wild for the hermaphroditic worms, applying them willy-nilly in the treatment of countless maladies – obesity, seizures, blurry vision, or sore throats are just some of the varied complaints that called for the laying on of a leech.(4) The slimy creatures were deemed an “irreplaceable medical apparatus” by physicians in that era and the demand was so pressing that, in 1833, 42 million leeches were imported into France to keep up with the demand.(6) Some French leech dealers were forced to purchase old horses, enclosing them within ponds as leech bait to ensure sufficient supply. The finest specimens, however, were imported from Sweden and Hungary, carefully delivered in wooden boxes filled with clay and marshy peat.
Medical leech therapy declined in the late 1800s, to be improbably revived in the 1980s by plastic surgeons as part of an ingenious method of treating the problem of entrapped blood that surrounds implanted or reconstructed tissue, “venous flap congestion” in medical parlance.(2) In this treatment, leeches relieve congested, stagnant blood around implanted tissues, thereby preventing clotting and tissue necrosis and allowing for the growth of tiny precious capillaries into delicately healing tissue.(7) Leech therapy has improved the outcomes for re-implantation of amputated fingers, ears, and toes; for enhanced healing following breast reconstruction surgery; and for the survival of compromised grafted skin flaps. Indeed, it has been reported in the literature that leeches improve the success rates of these procedures by 60 to 80%.(8)
Though leeches have promising applications in modern plastic surgery, their use can also cause a very rare infection of the skin and soft tissues due to a gut-dwelling stowaway. Like any insect or mammal, the leech’s digestive tract can harbor a variety of bacteria, including an aquatic bacteria known as Aeromonas that can also be commonly found in fresh, brackish or salt water in warm climates. Aeromonas is a vital component of the microflora of the leech gut, the symbiotic relationship between the two organisms relying on the bacteria producing nutrients and possibly protein-digesting enzymes and the leech providing oxygen-rich red blood cells.
The presence of the bacteria, however, also increases the rare risk of infection during leech therapy. Infections with Aeromonas can occur 2 to 7 days after the beginning of leech therapy and can cause infected wounds of varying severity, ranging from minor pustules and abscesses to necrotizing fasciitis and sepsis. Case reports of Aeromonas infection after leech therapy are sporadic, but infection rates are estimated to range from 2.4% to 20% with an estimated 30% reduction in the rate of successful surgeries.(4)(8) A postoperative infection with Aeromonas can lead to amputations of previously implanted digits, necrosis of skin flaps, or systemic infection with sepsis and can require weeks of intravenous antibiotics.
Prophylactic treatment of the patient with appropriate antibiotics can sometimes preempt infection and even soaking the worms in antiseptic solution or liquid antibiotics has proven effective at reducing the infection risk.(4) Aeromonas infections have worse outcomes in parts of the body that have poor vascular supply, like the nose or fingers, but the difficulty, of course, is that leeches are specifically used to relieve congested blood in such areas of poor supply. As a result of this catch-22, leech therapy should not be used in people with medical conditions that prevent them from mounting a vigorous immune response, including those with liver problems, diabetes, blood disorders, and the immunocompromised.(7)
It may seem surprising that the lowly leech continues to play an important role in medicine, thousands of years after its first applications among ancient physicians. Modern use of this ugly, slippery blood-sucker may seem especially at odds with the practice of plastic surgery, a form of medicine designed to improve form and function. However, the leech continues to wiggle its way into the practice of medicine, serving once again as an unlikely tool of the practicing physician.
1) Munshi Y et al. (2008) Leeching in the history–a review. Pak J Biol Sci. 11(13): 1650-3
2) JM Hyson. (2005) Leech therapy: a history. J Hist Dent. 53(1): 25-7
3) MC Nelson& J Graf. (2012) Bacterial symbioses of the medicinal leech Hirudo verbana. Gut Microbes 3:4: 322-331
4) B Maetz B et al. (2012) Infections following the application of leeches: two case reports and review of the literature. J Med Case Rep. 6: 364
5) D Isaacs. (2014) The much maligned leech. J Paediatr Child Health. 50(9): 661-2
6) WS Fields. (1991) The history of leeching and hirudin. Haemostasis. 21(1): 3-10
7) DP Snower et al. (1989) Aeromonas hydrophila Infection Associated with the Use of Medicinal Leeches. J Clin Microbiol. 27(6): 1421-2
8) C Sartor et al. (2002) Nosocomial Infections with Aeromonas hydrophila from Leeches. Clin Infect Dis. 35(1): e1–5 | <urn:uuid:7d5ce5f5-43e3-4688-adb7-48ad5894daa5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/bodyhorrors/2016/10/30/lowly-leech/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280718.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00403-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.9381 | 1,691 | 3.421875 | 3 |
Gazette News Report
BELLBROOK — Bellbrook Middle School has earned the Governor’s Thomas Edison Award for Excellence in STEM Education for the 20th consecutive year.
The STEM award is recognition for the accomplishments of students and teachers of Science, Mathematics, and STEM. Teachers recognized with this award are math teachers Kyle Ferguson and Allison Bisignani, STEM teacher Kim Lord (her second time for award) and science teacher Cathy St. Pierre (26th time for award).
“This award is evidence of the strong support in our Bellbrook-Sugarcreek community,” St. Pierre said. “It is recognition for the achievement of our students, along with the tremendous support of our administration, parents, and community members. Congratulations to our students, parents, schools and Bellbrook community for fostering such excellence. We thank you for your support and continued encouragement.”
Only 45 Ohio schools received this prestigious award.
The criteria are: To conduct a local science fair with 20 or more students; qualify one or more of these students for one of the Academy’s 16 district science days; have students participate in at least one more youth science opportunity beyond the classroom such as State Science Day, visits to museums, mentorship programs and extended field trips; and convince external professionals from STEM business and industry, government and academia employers how and to what extent the school’s program met the academy’s definition of STEM education.
“Schools and teachers that are awarded the Thomas Edison Award for Excellence strive to provide their students with hands-on education opportunities,” said Stephen McConoughey, PhD, the Academy’s CEO. “Science is a subject that is best learned by doing. These schools and their teachers are finding new, creative ways to engage the students above and beyond the traditional methods. The students will benefit from these experiences as teachers continue to develop our next generation of scientists for Ohio and the country. In addition, having volunteers from industry and academia to review these applications provides a great perspective from those who use science daily.”
Gazette news report compiled by Scott Halasz. | <urn:uuid:81ef1db1-048a-4885-9216-113470e493e7> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://xeniagazette.com/news/12502/bellbrook-school-teachers-receive-stem-award | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281746.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00292-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950047 | 442 | 1.953125 | 2 |
The other day, I received an e-mail with the salutation Dear Uncle. I realized I was reading a young womans e-mail to her uncle regarding the impending war with Iraq. She wrote, I believe that our peace will come from this war! Weve given these people 12 years to disarm, and they are truly in violation; if we let this slide then well, I cant even imagine what could happen! War may not be peaceful, but it can bring us peace.
The e-mail brought to mind Mother Teresas refusal to take part in an anti-war movement. While everyone looked on in astonishment at her refusal to the request, she lovingly suggested that she would be delighted to take part in a pro-peace movement. Its a slight shift, but one that makes all the difference.
We find ourselves on the brink of a war with Iraq and perhaps with North Korea as well. It is imperative that we question our motives.We must be careful not to match energy here. When we declare war, we are coming from the same mentality as Saddam Hussein. As long as we are focusing on war, we can only expect war. By shifting our attentions to peace, we may begin to see solutions outside the box. If we wish to see something in the world, we must become it ourselves. If we wish for peace, we must each internalize peace.
Saddam Hussein is wrong; theres no doubt about that. But its time that we take responsibility for our part in all this. We certainly were not acting in a responsible fashion when we supplied these countries with weapons and nuclear plans in the first place. Did we actually believe the day would never come when these countries would use this force against us? We have spent generations, Republican and Democratic presidents alike, manipulating countries into giving us what we wanted, when we wanted it and becoming compliant in exchange for weapons, plans and sometimes entirely new governments all in the name of peace.
But what kind of peace are we speaking of? The peace of a wife, mother or child whose husband, son or father may not come home. The peace of a family torn apart in one bombing blast. The peace of a nation riddled with fire and decimated beyond all imagination. Are we speaking of the peace of a victorious nation sitting back and wondering when it will all begin again? This is not peace. This is manipulation, power and political control. To have peace we must each create a peaceful environment within our own lives and watch how that peace radiates out to others to beget more peace. If peace is what we are truly after, then we must take another stance. Peace will never be achieved through war.
What we focus on expands, so if we want peace, we must all focus on the peace that is already present in our lives, and the peace we wish to live in. A Native American grandfather was talking to his young grandson one day. He explained that within the young boy lived two wolves that were struggling with each other. The first wolf was one of peace, love and kindness the other wolf was fear, greed and hatred. The young boy looked up at his grandfather and said Which wolf will win, grandfather? And the grandfather replied, Whichever one you feed. Lets make the choice to feed the wolf of love, peace and kindness.Can we learn to treat each other with love, compassion, and kindness or are we called mankind for nothing?
Fitting In is written by Debbie Darling. E-mail her at firstname.lastname@example.org. | <urn:uuid:f1e5a638-4011-4e83-a90b-80902f2aaff8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.recordpub.com/lifetimes/2003/03/21/the-other-day-i-received-an-e-mail-with | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279368.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00321-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.969063 | 724 | 1.84375 | 2 |
To obtain a fair result from a biased coin, the mathematician John von Neumann devised the following trick. He advised the two parties involved to flip the coin twice. If it comes up heads both times or tails both times, they are to flip the coin two more times.The rest of the article is fun too -- it includes another way to get fair results from a biased coin, a method for attaining a 1/3 chance from a fair coin, and other fun coin tricks.
If it comes up H-T, the first party will be declared the winner, while if it comes up T-H, the second party is declared the winner. The probabilities of both these latter events (H-T and T-H) are the same because the coin flips are independent even if the coin is biased.
For example, if the coin lands heads 70 percent of the time and tails 30 percent of the time, an H-T sequence has probability .7 x .3 = .21 while a T-H sequence has probability .3 x .7 = .21. So 21 percent of the time the first party wins, 21 percent of the time the second party wins, and the other 58 percent of the time when H-H or T-T comes up, the coin is flipped two more times.
-- John Allen Poulos (via)
Sunday, November 07, 2010
Fair Results From a Biased Coin
This is brilliant: | <urn:uuid:e271d566-9d8e-4137-abd5-96b447b352da> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://stephenfrug.blogspot.com/2010/11/fair-results-from-biased-coin.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283689.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00355-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.94048 | 296 | 3.546875 | 4 |
- Generic drugs are chemically identical to brand-name drugs in terms of active ingredient(s), intended use, quality, dosage, safety, bioavailability and effectiveness.
- Generic drugs are cheaper than brand-name drugs.
What is Invega* used for?
Generic for Invega* (Paliperidone) is an atypical antipsychotic medication used to treat schizophrenia (mental/mood disorder). It works by changing the effects of certain natural chemicals (neurotransmitters) in the brain. This medicine may also be used to treat other conditions as determined by your doctor.
What is the recommended dosage of Invega*?
The dosage of Generic for Invega* prescribed to each patient will vary. Always follow your physician’s instructions and/or the directions on the prescription drug label.
Generic for Invega* can be taken with or without food.
What if you miss a dose of Invega*?
If your physician has instructed or directed you to take Generic for Invega* medication in a regular schedule and you have missed a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, then skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the doses unless otherwise directed.
What if you overdose on Invega*?
Any medication taken in excess can have serious consequences. If you suspect an overdose of Generic for Invega*, seek medical attention immediately.
What other drugs could interact with Invega*?
Usually drug interactions occur when it is taken with another drug or with food. Before you take a medication for a particular ailment, you should inform the health expert about intake of any other medications including non-prescription medications, over-the-counter medicines that may increase the effect of Generic for Invega*, and dietary supplements like vitamins, minerals and herbal, so that the doctor can warn you of any possible drug interactions.
Generic for Invega* can interact with blood pressure medications, antidepressants, antibiotics, and heart rhythm medications, and narcotic medications.
Do let your doctor know if you smoke, consume alcohol or caffeinated drinks, or use illegal drugs as these may interfere with the action of your medication. Make sure to inform your doctor of any medical conditions you may have, or any family history of medical problems. Do not start or stop using any medicine without consulting your doctor.
What are the side effects of Invega*?
Like other medicines, Generic for Invega* can cause some side effects. If they do occur, the side effects of Generic for Invega* are most likely to be minor and temporary. However, some may be serious and may require the individual to inform the doctor or visit the nearest hospital immediately.
It is pertinent to note that side effects of Generic for Invega* cannot be anticipated. If any side effects of Generic for Invega* develop or change in intensity, the doctor should be informed as soon as possible.
Generic for Invega* can cause side effects such as nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, drowsiness, dizziness, weight gain, and cough. This is not a complete list of all side effects. Do concur with your doctor and follow his directions completely when you are taking Generic for Invega*.
What are the questions to ask your doctor before taking Invega*?
Is it possible for me to take Invega* with other drugs?
Should certain beverages, foods and other products be avoided when I take Invega*?
What are the possible drug interactions of Invega*?
How will Invega* work in my body?
How should Invega* be taken?
How to reduce the risk of Invega* drug interactions and side effects?
The health and medical information provided here is intended to supplement and not substitute for the expertise and judgment of your physician, pharmacists or other health care professional. It should not be understood to indicate that the use of Generic for Invega* is safe, appropriate or effective for you. Always consult your health care professional before using this, or any other, drug. | <urn:uuid:cc0041e1-d74d-4e92-a31a-486cd5c646aa> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.internationaldrugmart.com/invega.shtml | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280763.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00514-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.908452 | 875 | 2.34375 | 2 |
– Underfell Chara
Chara is the first fallen child and is sometimes depicted as the tritagonist of the Underfell universe.
Their role in the story depends upon interpretation; some popular depictions of Underfell have the child act as the good guy, appearing at the end of a Pacifist route to congratulate the player. Others have Chara take a more villainous personality, sometimes this is just to help Frisk escape rather than out of malice or morbid curiosity.
Regardless of whether it is a No Mercy, True Pacifist, or Neutral run, some fans prefer to have Chara be more involved in the story of Underfell by appearing alongside Frisk in their journey, either with or without their knowledge.
Chara's death and what happened with Asriel and the humans, often playing out as its shown in the canon Undertale, is often pegged as being the catalyst for the "Kill or Be Killed" motto of Underfell, their death and the subsequent grief it caused Asgore fueling his edgy behavior.
Some fan depictions have the monsters already acting cruel or edgy before Chara falls, however.
Chara is an opposite of their UnderTale counterpart, Chara.
Chara is a human child of indeterminate age (though some see them as a child around the age of ten) and gender, with a skin color typically shown as being lighter than Frisk's. They are illustrated as having pink cheeks and red or brown eyes, as well as light brown hair often drawn in a bob or bowl cut.
Chara's clothing is usually drawn as a red sweater with a black stripe, black pants, and brown boots, however, popular interpretations of their sweater colors vary more widely than in Frisk's case. (in some FanArt, she wears an red long-sleeved shirt with an black/gold robe that has an Delta rune symbol on it.)
Chara's personality is up to interpretation, as is the case for their Undertale counterpart. However, the most common depiction is for them to be a "good" person, trying to save monsters and help Frisk through the Underground.
With these depictions, some fans write Chara as being bullied by Asriel before their untimely death. At the end of a True Pacifist run, Chara is sometimes shown as appearing to the player and congratulating them on exercising mercy. Other depictions have Chara act ambiguously sadistic and cruel when they appear, and making them a clear-cut bully to Asriel during their life.
Chara's personality as a child is often unclear. Their behavior is sometimes forthright, immediately lending Frisk aid, or obscure, appearing as a foreboding figure through their journey. There is not any personality, story, or role that Chara is given in different interpretations that everyone agrees on.
In general, Chara is a very controversial "chara-cter" that has many different personalities and interpretations in Undertale and its fandom and AUs.
Asriel Dreemurr (Adoptive Brother)
Some depictions show that she was bullied by Asriel before they died, while other depictions show that they bullied Asriel before they died. After Chara died of Buttercup poisoning, Asriel used Chara's soul to cross the barrier became the "Hyper Angel of Life." He gave Chara's wish to die peacefully in a bed of golden flowers. Unfortunately, the humans thought he killed Chara. Asriel refused to fight and showed mercy, which the humans didn't accept. So Asriel got brutally battered up. While barely alive, he made it back to the Underground where he died. But his dust blew onto a golden flowerbed, where he became a living flower.
Toriel Dreemurr (Adoptive Mother)
Toriel is Chara's adoptive mother. Toriel took care of Chara until their death.
Asgore Dreemurr (Adoptive Father)
Asgore is Chara's adoptive father, along with Toriel. Toriel took care of Chara from when they fell into the Underground until their ultimate demise.
- To Be Added... | <urn:uuid:2e1c5ce5-5bcc-4d37-9f29-7c276188a3e3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://735q4e87.fandom.com/wiki/Chara/Underfell | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571502.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811194507-20220811224507-00075.warc.gz | en | 0.972496 | 877 | 1.820313 | 2 |
Gone are the days when the leaders used to do the talking and telling with the expectation that the employees should just listen and do. The world of work has become an alliance, a partnership where leaders are also expected to attract feedback, listen and take cues from the team. This approach does not minimize the role of the leader but acknowledges the reality that the solutions for most pressing problems at work come from those who do the work. A leader who believes that he or she has all the answers is not worthy to be called a leader, instead, he or she needs more development.
In their book, Breaking Corporate Silence – How High Influence Leaders Create Cultures of Voice Dr. Rob Bogosian and Christine Mockler Casper emphasizes the importance of leaders understanding their power and responsibility for creating a culture of voice so employees will contribute ideas, concerns, and insights.
This will not happen in a space where leaders shun feedback.
A leader who eschews feedback discourages suggestions and compromises what could be great ideas to improve the team and organizational performance. Done frequently, this leads to a phenomenon called corporate silence. Corporate silence happens when employees deliberately withhold feedback because they believe that their views and suggestions do not matter. Stories have been documented of big corporates such as General Motors, Home Depot and Life Esidimeni in South Africa to name a few where leaders detested employee feedback with dire consequences at the end.
True leaders are open and amenable to feedback. They understand that growth comes from listening to different views, being open to opposing arguments so that they can see the world objectively.
You can create a positive shift in your leadership style by adding these nuggets in your leadership repository:
- Listen, listen, listen: I once facilitated a session where the leaders were hesitant to open up to feedback from their peers. Their leader then said to them; “don’t worry people have perceptions, take it a such. It is their own viewpoints and not your reality”. I had to challenge that view because, at its face value, it simply implied that all feedback is inaccurate. True leaders listen openly without judgment in order to absorb, reflect and apply their minds. After careful consideration, they will know what to take and what to discard from the feedback given. Quickly rushing to block information on the basis of questioning the intention behind it does not help leaders to grow.
- Use powerful questions: True leaders step forward to actively encourage feedback by posing spiral up questions to their teams. These questions facilitate a shift from telling to coaching employees. For instance, most leaders miss the opportunity to get valuable ideas and suggestions with statements like, “my door is open”, “you are free to say what is on your mind” while their body language and actions say something else. Powerful questions acknowledge that employees have answers and the leader can only help with questions that facilitate insights. Try the following questions with your team and see how you will change the trajectory of the discussion:
- Looking back at the project what do you believe we can improve?
- What can we do differently with the next project?
- How can I make your approach to the next assignment easier?
This is radically different from asking employees to speak their minds.
- Implement workable suggestions: You can only come to the decision that something is workable once you have listened and applied your mind. There are many data points that leaders can use to gather feedback, ideas, and suggestions that can be implemented for this purpose. One example of a chance missed by leaders is feedback provided through the employee engagement surveys. These surveys provide invaluable data that if acted upon can improve the team and the climate of the organization in ways unimaginable. The drawback is that employees are subjected to these processes but almost nothing is done about their input. Great leaders make it their business to implement workable suggestions coming from their teams. When employees realize that their ideas are valued, they become more open to giving feedback. They die for their leader so to speak.
You are responsible to create two-way communication with your team. The days of a top-down approach are over. If you want to grow as an individual and your team to perform better, it is your responsibility to encourage feedback by being open and amenable to it.
Tex Hlalele is a Personal Mastery, Leadership & Organisational Effectiveness Specialist. He is the author of the book, Face the person in the mirror. Book Tex to help you and your team gain insights and possibilities for individual learning and organisational advancement on +2764 656 6174 or visit http://www.dreamsmadepossible.co.za/contact.html | <urn:uuid:5a07fce7-0304-4270-98dc-be00efab1f90> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://blog.dreamsmadepossible.co.za/2019/07/18/being-open-and-amenable-to-feedback-improves-your-leadership/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572286.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816090541-20220816120541-00275.warc.gz | en | 0.951882 | 951 | 1.984375 | 2 |
Venice: Venice activists are celebrating the decision by two major cruise operators to drop the lagoon city from their itineraries, for the rest of the year at least.
MSC Cruises and Costa Crociere both announced in recent days that their Mediterranean cruises will now depart from Genoa and Trieste instead of Venice.
MSC resumed sailing on 16 August while Costa Crociere is scheduled to restart on 6 September, after months of lockdown due to the coronavirus pandemic.
The activist group No Grandi Navi is celebrating what organisers have hailed as a small but important step forward in their protracted battle to ban the enormous ships from entering Venice’s waters.
The massive cruise ships have caused increasing controversy in recent years, from claims of environmental damage to the negative effects of mass tourism.
Last summer the MSC Opera cruise ship collided into a dockside after its engines failed. This year, in addition to safety and environmental questions, there are fresh concerns for covid-19 contagion.
However, while activists celebrate their temporary victory, the decision by cruise ship operators to abandon Venice – for now at least – resulted in counter-protests by members of the tourism industry who claim the business brought by the giant liners is vital to a sector left reeling by covid-19. | <urn:uuid:c17d5eb2-4435-4b75-871e-f8c1c049ca73> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://covert.com.pk/2020/08/18/italy-23/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00471.warc.gz | en | 0.955849 | 268 | 1.773438 | 2 |
A MOTHER goose has found a very unusual and uncomfortable nesting site.
The goose has bedded down in a shed at Cotebrook Shire Horse Centre amongst broken timber, old tools and other junk.
It might seem like an unsafe place to lay your eggs, but staff at the centre believe this mother goose has found the perfect spot to hide from predators.
David Hind, animal keeper at the centre said; “She doesn’t look very comfortable, but this is a safer spot for the family because we are always around.”
“The fact we are coming and going quite often is likely to put off the foxes that might otherwise raid the nest.”
The goose’s home looks like nothing more than a junk shed to the many visitors to Cotebrook Shire Horse Centre, which is off the A49 in Tarporley.
But a closer look between the wooden palettes reveals the white goose staying out of harm’s way and really keeping her head down.
When the chicks hatch they face a bit of an obstacle course before making their way down to the lake. Staff are trying to keep the noise down around the area so as not to disturb the nest. | <urn:uuid:e9062c19-66b6-4297-9f31-ba1bde644590> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.cheshire-live.co.uk/news/chester-cheshire-news/cotebrook-goose-finds-unusual-place-5207664 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817032054-20220817062054-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.965434 | 251 | 1.617188 | 2 |
A biography is a thorough account of a person’s life, that includes more than simply the standard facts. It gives insight right into the life of an individual via his/her very own words. There are many types of biographies, from the most basic to one of the most intricate. The following are some of one of the most prominent bios. You can use them to find out more regarding the lives of several famous people. These bios are typically crafted as part of college projects as well as study papers.
A bio can be in two forms: fiction and non-fiction. Imaginary biographies are commonly fiction, as well as a biography can be a story regarding a person or team of individuals. Some imaginary bios attempt to profit from the individual’s popularity or spread an ideological background. In the USA, one of the most typical kind of bio is a fictional bio. In these jobs, few realities are thrown up with a story. Frequently, the emphasis gets on developing a particular impression, so fiction-style bios do not concern themselves with actual accuracy or factual integrity.
Biographies are among the oldest forms of literature. Writers have actually documented the lives of terrific leaders since old times. Early bios frequently started as historical documents, but they soon took on sensational aspects as well as became cultural impressives. Plato’s Apology records part of the life of Socrates, while the Gospels of the Christian Bible feature four biographies of Jesus Christ. The very first modern-day biography is taken into consideration The Life of Samuel Johnson (1791) by James Boswell. The Life of Samuel Johnson reshaped the definition of biography.
Writers of biography messages typically structure their product chronologically. A biographer will introduce relevant information to the viewers from the biographee’s life in the initial phase. This aids the author conserve time when composing the biography. They additionally can intercut experiences from various stages of the subject’s life. This allows the author to present important information without spending way too much time creating background presentation. If the topic is deceased, ask permission to write the biography.
While the general public’s right to recognize can encourage biographers, the obligation to secure the topic’s privacy must be balanced with the pain and also anguish of the topic. No universal standard of “biographical ethics” has been set. Some authors, such as Manchester as well as Boswell, had eloquent defenders, yet modern biographers face a more difficult time. Furthermore, accessibility to a topic’s records is frequently rejected.
Biographical works are much more academic than most nonfiction texts. As a matter of fact, they are usually written in the first individual. They attempt to unpick secrets or follow hints, typically relying upon witnesses as well as other sources. Biography is not a history lesson; it is a portrait of a person’s life. The bottom line of a bio is that it focuses on a single human, as well as not their whole life.
A biography is an account of a person’s life written by somebody else. Guide includes not simply the fundamental truths of their life, however likewise how they viewed the events that occurred. Normally, a biography covers the life of the topic, in addition to significant moments in that individual’s public as well as personal lives. Frequently, the writer also enters into the person’s psychology, analyzing their psychological, intellectual, as well as spiritual life.
A biography can range from a few sentences to a page. Lots of specialist conference organizers just request a short bio, as well as the bio acts as a recommendation for their target market when you present yourself. Nevertheless, if you’re a member of an expert network, such as LinkedIn, your bio can be a lot more in-depth. So, if you’re preparing a specialist biography, right here are a few pointers to help you create a reliable bio:
Initially, consider what a bio is. A bio is a detailed account of an additional person’s life, consisting of accurate details and stories from that person’s life. It might cover the person’s connection with member of the family, significant events in his or her life, and also success. One of the most popular biographies have to do with famous people, but you can additionally check out a bio about an individual that has a fantastic tale to inform.
An additional biography that can be interesting is one regarding a famous politician. A bio concerning Abraham Lincoln or Charles Darwin will be an interesting read. While biographies concerning political figures are often well-referenced, they can be less than comprehensive. Bios concerning famous people typically have a focus on the personal life of the author. While biographies commonly focus on exactly how people happened where they are today, they are likewise usually helpful. The writer’s history can aid you discover a bio of a crucial political figure.
The term Biography describes the in-depth description of an individual’s life. A bio exceeds the standard realities concerning a person’s life and consists of the person’s experience of different life occasions. For example, a bio concerning Abraham Lincoln can be as described as a story. Bios often feature the life stories of historical figures, such as the founding fathers of the United States. Biographies can also cover the lives of famous individuals from various periods.
A biographer should structure a bio in a manner that will hold the focus of the reader. It must develop a thesis and afterwards create supporting points to show the thesis. Biographies commonly are organized in sequential order, so understanding the centerpieces in an individual’s life will save time and effort when writing a bio. Once you have selected a chronological order, you can carry on to the next action. Relying on the category you’re dealing with, you could intend to structure the major points chronologically, such as in chronological order.
A scholastic biography depends heavily on recorded realities and kept in mind success. While the details of an individual’s life are often vital, the lessons learned by an individual can easily be shed in the minutiae. As an example, an academic chronicler could group realities connected to a person’s success by field. As an example, an aesthetic artist could be organized according to their influence on a particular type of art. Leaders in business, politics, and other fields are often organized chronologically. Extra resources
An additional sort of biography is a cumulative bio. For example, Captain Charles Johnson composed a publication called A General Background of the Pirates in 1724. This work cataloged the life stories of a lot of the globe’s most well-known pirates, and assisted to shape the image of pirates in pop culture. A smaller team could have a collective biography, such as a people club in New york city City. Nonetheless, it’s important to keep in mind that the term biographies usually refer to two types of biographical work. | <urn:uuid:07ad83e9-0bb8-456e-afce-915ad8b7dfe2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://caviezelcountry.com/2022/08/06/the-ultimate-revelation-of-biography/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.958832 | 1,442 | 3.09375 | 3 |
A Five-Mile Radius Is All It Takes For Effective Mobile Ads For Retail, CPG
Quick Serve Restaurant ads can be targeted as far as 10 miles away, says NinthDecimal.
Consumers are increasingly “mobile-first” when it comes to making offline purchasing decisions, as a NinthDecimal industry report found shoppers were twice as likely to research new products and brands on a mobile device last year versus 2013.
The report also shows that while self-identified “mobile shoppers” still prefer to make most of their purchases at retail locations, the amount of purchasing they’re doing is shifting to e-commerce and m-commerce.
Specifically, in 2013, 34 percent of consumers shopped for goods and items on their mobile device before purchasing. Of that 34 percent group, 58 percent completed that purchase at a physical store. A year later, 54 percent of people browsed for products on their mobile devices, but only 47 percent of those shoppers were led to a brick-and-mortar location.
Those numbers suggests two things: consumer spending is shifting to mobile, though in-store remains the dominant destination for shopping. For the most part, laptop-based e-commerce has remained under 20 percent of all purchases between 2013 and 2014.
But the primary takeaway is this: local businesses without a clear omnichannel strategy are likely to lose out to rivals who do offer digital options to complete a purchase.
“With mobile, now the first screen for consumers and mobile media consumption, on the rise, the need to understand what’s working in the mobile ecosystem has become critical for marketers,” said David Staas, NinthDecimal president. “In our latest report, we looked across the points at which mobile influences the purchase path, sharing insights and best practices from engagement to conversion.”
Overall, NinthDecimal’s report also demonstrated the growing effectiveness of mobile advertising generally, and of geo-targeted ads in particular.
For example, mobile ads on behalf of Retail and Consumer Packaged Goods marketers showed the best performance when served to people within five miles of a brand’s physical location. To put that in context, ads tied to store visitation lift did 24 percent better than the average clickthrough rate, an indication that CTR is not the best metric for online-to-offline advertising.
In the case of Quick Serve Restaurants, the geo-targeted ads offered the greater return on investment when smartphone users were situated within five-to-10 miles from the intended business.
The company’s Mobile Audience Insights Report is based on data gathered from a survey of 1,535 randomly selected mobile users, as well as the billions of data points from NinthDecimal’s advertising platform.
Other highlights from the NinthDecimal report included:
- Store visitation rose 80 percent within the first day a mobile ad was served compared to average store visits.
- Even six days later, in-store visits tied to mobile ads remained above average.
- CPG mobile ads performed best when served within several hundred feet and two miles away from a store — 13 percent better than the average CTR.
- QSR mobile ads performed 18 percent better than the average CTR when served within five and 10 miles of the establishment, but underperformed when served less than 2 miles away.
Audience-targeted mobile video saw a 31% increase in completion rates from Q3 to Q4 2014. | <urn:uuid:5121ce18-53b2-4255-b5e7-10320ddf7184> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://geomarketing.com/a-five-mile-radius-is-all-it-takes-for-effective-mobile-ads-for-retail-cpg | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572581.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816211628-20220817001628-00067.warc.gz | en | 0.947459 | 714 | 1.5 | 2 |
As Kosovo prepared for its independence and the biggest party in its history today – 80 tons of fireworks have been imported and that's just for the official celebration – the European Union announced that it will provide a 2,000-strong police and justice mission to the fledgling nation. It will include 700 police as well as judges, prosecutors and other legal experts, and will replace United Nations administrators over a 120-day period.
The announcement from Brussels drew immediate condemnation from the Serbian government in Belgrade. Slobodan Samardzic, Serbia's minister for Kosovo, called the decision "shameful". The mission "officially recognises the independence of Kosovo," he said, "which remains an inalienable part of Serbia".
When independence comes this afternoon, Albanians in the divided city northern city of Mitrovica will be partying as hard as anyone. The southern part of the city is festooned with Albanian flags, the roads strung with bannerswhich declare: "Gezuar Pavaresia" – or "happy independence".
Yesterday, the festive mood had already taken hold; 14-year-old Mervan Gashi strode proudly with a double-eagle flag draped over his shoulders. "We've waited so long for this day," said his friend Ilir Becaj, 13. "We're feeling great, and we're not worried about security because KFor" – the Nato force garrisoned across Kosovo since the end of its civil war – "will protect us."
"It's going to be the biggest party in the history of the world," declared Hajdari Hajdar, an elderly man in a beret and long black coat. "We've waited centuries for this. We are only in this miserable condition because of the Serbs, if it wasn't for them we'd be like the United States. For hundreds of years we've sent all our wealth to Belgrade. Not any more!"
But on the far side of the shabby bridge that both joins and divides this gritty industrial city, the mood was very different. Since the war ended in 1999, Mitrovica has been the most explosive corner of the Balkans, the flashpoint where paramilitaries enforced a strict ethnic split. Serbians live on the north bank of the River Ibar and the suburbs that climb the steep hills overlooking the town, and Albanian Kosovars are confined to suburbs south of the bridge. The communities are almost within spitting distance, but for eight years they have kept to themselves.
Violence erupted here in March 2004 when two dozen people were killed and hundreds of houses destroyed unedr the noses of Nato troops. That showed how easily one spark can start a conflagration. On Thursday night a bomb went off in the Serbian quarter, in a house next to the offices of the EU mission. There were no injuries.
The Serbian paramilitaries, who years ago forced Albanians out of their homes and across the bridge, hung out in the Dolce Vita coffee bar, strategically located within sight of the bridge. Yesterday this smoky den was crammed with short-haired, muscled young men, but the mood was laconic.
"For the moment things are quiet," said Alexander Veselinovich, 36, an electrical engineer born in the town. "But people are a little bit afraid because they have had negative experiences with these types of celebrations and they don't know what to expect. We accept UNMIK police who patrol here" – the UN force – "but we will never accept Pristina's institutions." Nor, he swears, will they accept the new policemen who are on their way from Brussels.
As usual in the Balkans, each side blames the other for violence. But what is indisputable is that fear or dislike of solitude have induced thousands of Serbians from the enclaves dotted across Kosovo to flee to the haven of northern Mitrovica. They have set up little shops in prefabricated kiosks that line the main road, and their desperation has made them difficult neighbours. "They have lost everything," Veselinovich points out, "and now they are trying to grab everything." And they are often particularly hostile to the Albanians. In last month's presidential elections, 75 per cent of Mitrovica's Serbians voted for the ultra-nationalist Tomislav Nikolic. They are in no mood for conciliation which all gives Mitrovica a special air of volatility.
Despite all the fine words, ethnic integration has never been a realistic goal in Kosovo. What distinguishes this from earlier Balkan flashpoints is that the Serbians were perceived as, and often behaved like, arrogant colonialists. "The Kosovo Serbs don't speak Albanian," the political scientist Slobodan Markovic pointed out in Belgrade this week, "so there is no possibility of integration." Solid in their conviction of superiority and their ancient right to this land, the Serbians expected the Albanian Muslim majority to kowtow to their greater power and wealth. And for generations they did so.
That imbalance was gradually righted in the years after Tito granted the province broad autonomy in 1974. But then Slobodan Milosevic threw the gears into reverse in 1989 when he annulled autonomy and putting Kosovo once again under the Belgrade thumb.
Now, at last, the Albanian Kosovars are officially in the driving seat. Today they get their own flag, their own national anthem; a constitution is under construction; and a new, lightly armed Kosovo Protection Force will be controlled by the Kosovo government. Embassies are expected to open in the US, Japan and in most of the EU, including Britain.
Northern Mitrovica will remain fiercely hostile towards Pristina, and umbilically tied to Belgrade. As for Kosovo's other Serbian enclaves, home to 60 per cent of the Serbian population, even if they are not threatened with violence by their newly powerful Albanian neighbours, a sad, steady stream of tractors piled with possessions can be expected to set off on the trek to northern Mitrovica. It's the logic of the Balkans, and nothing the outside world can do seems able to change it.Reuse content | <urn:uuid:0032749a-c8a5-4949-88f0-646f2d578c5f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/the-symbol-of-kosovo-an-eagle-with-two-faces-ndash-each-looking-a-different-way-783396.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284352.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00198-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.963703 | 1,269 | 1.789063 | 2 |
Early yesterday morning, a lone gunman identified as Omar Mateen killed 50 people and wounded at least as many more in an attack on a gay nightclub in Orlando, Florida. Mateen reportedly declared his allegiance to the Islamic State in a call to 911 before he opened fire.
It was “Upscale Latin Saturday,” a weekly Latin-themed night of what should have been salsa music and celebration. The stories that are still developing from the event describe a scene of nearly unimaginable horror. If you’re willing to overlook the 1890 massacre at Wounded Knee, then it is the deadliest mass shooting event in U.S. history.
But it is also the deadliest event targeting LGBT people in U.S. history. That it happened during Pride Month, a celebration which arose from police brutality and other violence against LGBT people, is a particularly wrenching detail.
In televised remarks to the nation, a depleted looking President Obama said, “This is a sobering reminder that attacks on any American – regardless of race, ethnicity, religion or sexual orientation – is an attack on all of us.”
And yet, it will not be a normal workday for millions of people who are still processing the event, and feeling anguish either as a member of a targeted group, a closeted one, or one who by virtue of their faith, operates under a cloud of very public suspicion. This makes it a difficult time for people who do inclusion work or lead diverse teams or organizations.
“When we’re not in crisis, in times of common peace, diversity is something we say that we celebrate,” says David Kyuman Kim, professor of religious studies and American studies at Connecticut College, and whose work focuses on race, religion, moral theory and public life. “But in times of crisis, we become aware that for some folks, danger is ever present in their lives, and what happened in Orlando is less exceptional than we would like to believe.”
Reverend Mariclea Chollet, who trains and educates institutional chaplains – corporate, hospice and military – says to expect that safety might be top of mind for many people, which may reveal ways in which they feel vulnerable at work. “Managers need to generate a forum in the workplace for conversations that address issues of safety and foster resilience,” she says. “And they need to be open to the many different understandings of what safety might entail, and be willing to navigate those differences in a way that are inclusive for all.”
But this is also a uniquely human opportunity to connect. Kim says as tempting as it is to want to look away from any crisis, the opposite is actually the way forward. “We have a responsibility to draw our attention to co-workers, to community members and ask a simple question – ‘how are you doing?’” he says. “And then listen, really listen, as if you don’t already know the answer.”
|A diverse Tony Awards makes history.|
|As expected, “Hamilton” won the award for best musical at last night’s Tony Awards, but the events in Orlando were top of mind for all in attendance. Said host James Corden, “Theater is a place where every race, creed, sexuality, and gender is equal, embraced, and loved. Hate will never win.”|
|Chief Diversity Officers on the rise.|
|As diversity and inclusion work becomes more important to chief executives, the professionals who are shaping the work at the highest levels are in the spotlight. Black Enterprise highlights the work of a select few.|
|African style changes the prom gown.|
|One part cultural pride, one part Instagram glory, African styles are showing up in prom dresses around the country. The bold patterns and bright colors weren’t cool until recently. “The trend stems today from the larger culture of black women embracing themselves and their beauty,” reports Ruth La Ferla.|
|Hillary Clinton's gradual evolution on race.|
|Hillary Clinton may have shown up at Wellesley a Republican “Goldwater girl,” but Charles Bethea suggests she didn’t leave that way. Hillary Clinton’s first real encounters with black people, black issues and inequality was as a Wellesley undergraduate, and Bethea makes the case that it was transformative. “What I respected about Hilllary was you could see a gradual evolution,” recalls one friend at the time.|
|The New Yorker|
The Woke Leader
|The origins of the gay pride movement.|
|It’s worth remembering that the gay civil rights movement is relatively young. PBS documents the Stonewall Riots, named for a popular gay bar in New York’s Greenwich Village, and the subject of repeated police harassment. A raid in June 1969 triggered a violent protest that lasted six days and established a gay rights movement that is still sorely needed today.|
|A new holiday for civil rights?|
|It’s an anniversary that barely gets a mention: On June 12, 1967, the U.S. Supreme Court struck down laws that banned mixed-race marriages in 16 states. Ken Tanabe, a Japanese-Belgian man now living in New York, has been working for 12 years to commemorate what he believes is one of the most significant civil rights moments in history.|
|Stop sounding like a jerk.|
|Meredith Clark offers an interesting filter for anyone who wants to avoid being “myopic” when they publish anything online: The Talese Test. Named for Gay Talese, who recently alienated audiences with an unfortunate exchange with a black female New York Times writer, it encourages anyone who writes about diverse topics to seek feedback from people with lived experiences and to employ empathy in writing.| | <urn:uuid:d2297815-ec61-46f8-8332-9b7f73dcb0d8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://fortune.com/2016/06/13/raceahead-june-13-2016/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570913.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809064307-20220809094307-00074.warc.gz | en | 0.956819 | 1,264 | 2.1875 | 2 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.