text stringlengths 181 608k | id stringlengths 47 47 | dump stringclasses 3 values | url stringlengths 13 2.97k | file_path stringlengths 125 140 | language stringclasses 1 value | language_score float64 0.65 1 | token_count int64 50 138k | score float64 1.5 5 | int_score int64 2 5 |
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This is the heart-warming note found by animal welfare officers after they went to rescue a poorly hedgehog found in someone’s garden.
The kind message was left for RSPCA workers by a member of the public who found the tiny creature in her garden.
Although the caller had to leave, she was able to safely confine the hedgehog, leaving the lovely note by its side.
It read: “This is Jack. Thank you for taking care of this sweet little hedgehog.
“Thank you for your hard work to help animals.”
The prickly mammal was found in Fordham, Cambs., on Monday.
Animal collection officer Naemi Kilbey said: “It was a real surprise to spot a little note had been left.
“We do sometimes get offered cups of tea and cake and all sorts when we are on the road and is really nice to feel appreciated, especially at this time of year.
“The poor hedgehog was tiny and was breathing heavily so I took him straight to RSPCA East Winch wildlife centre where he is now gaining weight and recovering well.”
If you are concerned about the welfare of an animal please contact the RSPCA on 0300 123 4999.
This Christmas, the RSPCA is asking the public to support its Kindness at Christmas campaign.
To donate, please visit www.rspca.org.uk/giftofkindness.
by Tommy Lumby | <urn:uuid:aa34edd3-85d8-412b-85a9-ce05443e9ee1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thelondoneconomic.com/must-reads/heart-warming-note-left-for-animal-rescuers-who-went-to-collect-poorly-hedgehog-112122/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00466.warc.gz | en | 0.977462 | 310 | 1.976563 | 2 |
A momentum breakout or breakdown occurs when a stock is moving up or down quickly with volume. This is often the result of a catalyst or because the stock is moving through a key area of resistance (such as a moving average, price line or trendline). As more traders are piling in to take advantage of the strong move, the stock is propelled. A momentum breakout or breakdown is sure to slow down, pullback or reverse at some point, so don't get caught buying at the end of the move and plan your share size accordingly to manage risk. Momentum moves happen right out of the open or in-session. Momentum breakouts and breakdowns can still occur without a catalyst, but in order to be validated and low-risk the stock needs to be crossing a key level of resistance or a moving average.
What to look for:
Increasing volume in the direction of the move and/or lower volume on the candles opposing the move
Above average relative volume
Timeframe(s): All timeframes
When to enter:
If you are late to the move, wait for a pullback. Enter as the stock pulls back to a level of support or as the stock is making a new high (for a breakout) or a new low (for a breakdown) after the pullback.
If you catch a catalyst early and the move is just starting, enter with small size and scale up after a low volume pullback or confirmation of the move.
Momentum moves can be very quick or they can run for several minutes. As a general rule, the smaller the timeframe that the move sets up in, the less duration of the move. For example, if you are watching a breakout of an intraday pivot resistance level, don't expect the move to run for 30 minutes. A lower risk strategy is to take 1/4 or 1/2 profit at 2%, move your stop to break-even and then scale out as the move progresses (adjusting your stop along the way).
There are a few different options for stops. You will need to find out which works best for your situation.
Just below the nearest level of established support (for a breakout) or just above the nearest level of established resistance (for a breakdown).This method requires that you are mindful of your position size on entry so that you can afford to get stopped out and still be within your risk tolerance.
If you are expecting at least a 2% move for your first profit target, place your stop at 1% away from your entry.
Half the amount between your entry and your profit target (if you have a level of resistance up ahead that you think the price can reach). For example, if you enter at $10.00 and you believe the stock can run to $12.00, your stop would be at $9.00.
Note: If you are trading small caps in which there is a lot of volatility, I would stop out as soon as the move goes against you or takes too long to form. For small cap momentum breakouts, you will have to practice scalping and quick exits to find your edge.
5-minute VWAP breakout | <urn:uuid:28e23338-d83f-4d86-bc37-c838e40832a6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.adaptivetrading.net/momentum-breakout | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.929948 | 692 | 1.523438 | 2 |
If you haven’t secured your network, you’d be surprised how easy it is to break into, especially if you work from home and are distracted 24/7. Cybersecurity is a real concern, so you’re probably wondering which network security gadgets you should buy to protect yourself. Don’t worry; we’ve got answers for you, along with an overview of the state of cybersecurity in 2021.
Looking to enhance your network security in 2021? It’s a good idea, especially since security keys, encrypted routers, and Wi-Fi security devices really can help you thwart a cybercriminal. So if you’re wondering which cybersecurity gadgets should you buy in 2021, you’re in the right place. But to understand which devices you should invest in, it helps to know exactly what the threats are. So before we delve into our shopping guide, let’s take a look at the state of cyber attacks right now.
These cybercrime and security trends are terrifying
We wrote extensively about what is and isn’t a cyberattack last year. But where does it all stand this year? Experts say that the threat has only grown more sophisticated due to emerging technologies like machine learning, 5G, and artificial intelligence. There’s even cooperation between hacker groups and state actors to worry about. The attacks are diverse, and with the landscape always changing, it’s important to know how cybercrime is evolving.
Ransomware was on the decline in 2018, but don’t get too excited; many companies simply pay the ransom, which can be expensive. In early 2020, an attack on the New Orleans city government cost the city over $50 million. Overall, in 2019–2020, the average global cost to redress a ransomware attack was $751,106. That’s a lot of money if you’re a small business or an individual. What’s even more alarming is that nation-states can be involved in these attacks and their aims aren’t always monetary. Investigations have shown that the Wanna Cry and NotPetya ransomware attacks that began in 2017, but whose effects lasted well into 2020, were organized by nation-state actors. Some of the top causes of ransomware attacks come from phishing emails, weak passwords, and lack of training. | <urn:uuid:d554fdbf-02e5-4138-90ae-f1b7d997b73b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://earlyjournal.com/which-cybersecurity-gadgets-should-you-buy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573172.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818063910-20220818093910-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.954502 | 487 | 2.203125 | 2 |
Quizlet Live Hack Code. Quizlet live is free to all teachers who have an account, and quizlet teacher subscribers have. // @description the time will freeze at 0.5 and the answers will be the same color.
If they’re using smartphones or mobile devices and have the quizlet app, they can scan a qr code to join. Quizlet live hack script stigman from atclosequarters.com. Wait for word to come in screen.
With A Team Of Extremely Dedicated And Quality Lecturers, Quizlet Join Class Code Will Not Only Be A Place To Share Knowledge But Also To Help Students Get Inspired To Explore And Discover Many Creative Ideas From Themselves.clear And Detailed.
Hack quizlet gravity raw quizlet gravity hacck this file contains bidirectional unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. Tampermonkey script hack quizlet live. Alqurumresort.com enter your game code to play on a computer, tablet, or phone.
Quizlet Live Hack Extension Is Available For Free Download (August 2021 Release) From Our High Quality, Antivirus Checked Website, In Easy Quick Steps.
Tampermonkey script hack quizlet live. Live, enter a code you give them and then enter their names. // @name quizlet match hack.
Quizlet Match Hack Code (Use Tampermonkey Chrome Extension) // ==Userscript==.
When you see word hit the space bar and then immediatly hit enter. When you use quizlet live, students go to www. The latest ones are on jan 05, 2022.
Students Use Their Devices To Navigate To Www.quizlet.live (Yes, That’s A Real Web Address) And Enter The Code.
Quizlet match hack code this file contains bidirectional unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. After you do that, change the 5100 to when you want the timer to stop in milliseconds. Z key to highlight answer.
If They’re Using Smartphones Or Mobile Devices And Have The Quizlet App, They Can Scan A Qr Code To Join.
Vid on how to get hacked quizletextension: Wait for word to come in screen. // @description the time will freeze and the answers will be the same color. | <urn:uuid:eb1d2e8f-c55a-4091-a4f9-f650e0f0670b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://votejohnpowell.org/quizlet-live-hack-code/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00073.warc.gz | en | 0.783605 | 498 | 1.851563 | 2 |
It’s the inventor’s dilemma – make the product yourself, or sell the idea?
There’s no easy right-or-wrong solution, and both methods can bring in cash. But it’s a decision best made early in the game, and requires an assessment of resources and and goals.
Maybe you’re prepared for the cost, time, and dedication it takes to build a business. But not everyone should throw her hat in the startup ring.
If you’re ready to evaluate the pros and cons of licensing vs. manufacturing, and need some advice, we’ve got your back: Listen to our Biz503 episode: Getting Your Invention to Market.
You’ll want to catch this episode on how to bootstrap. Listen to learn how all about licensing and manufacturing…and how make sure the process end in profit.
Rebecca Webb, Portland Radio Project founder, and Kedma Ough, SBDC director at Mount Hood Community College, cohost the panel.
- Moving Lives Forward Podcast 03: Self Discovery Through Service - May 6, 2019
- Moving Lives Forward Podcast 02: Strategies for Tackling Student Loan Debt - April 2, 2019
- Moving Lives Forward Podcast 01: Want Impact….Try This! - February 6, 2019 | <urn:uuid:48f1e006-ddd2-4f75-b313-85d8a6189735> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://prp.fm/biz503-podcast-getting-your-invention-to-market/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.873007 | 271 | 1.875 | 2 |
|Class Name :
||Nova Class
|Unit Run :
|NCC 72381 USS Equinox - Destroyed NCC 73515 USS Nova plus 16 others built in total. 1 have been lost in all.
2369 - 2370, class remains in service
||Length : 165 m
Beam : 62 m
Height : 34 m
Decks : 7
127,000 metric tons
11 x Type VIII phaser arrays, total output 6,000 TeraWatts
2 x Standard photon torpedo tube with 25 rounds
|Defence Systems :
||Standard shield system, total capacity 688,500 TeraJoules
Standard Duranium / Tritanium Single hull.
Standard level Structural Integrity Field
(TNG scale) :
|Normal Cruise : 6
Maximum Cruise : 7
Maximum Rated : 8 for 20 hours.
|Strength Indices :
(Galaxy class = 1,000)
|Beam Firepower : 120
Torpedo Firepower : 250
Weapon Range and Accuracy : 400
Shield Strength : 255
Hull Armour : 50
Speed : 535
Combat Manoeuvrability : 9,200
|Overall Strength Index :
|Diplomatic Capability :
|Expected Hull Life :
|Refit Cycle :
||Minor : 1 year
Standard : 1 years
Major : 6 years
The Nova class was designed as a modern replacement for the long serving Oberth class science vessel. The requirement called for a ship capable of making relatively short duration missions; Starfleet intended to use these ships in the large unexplored areas between Federation controlled space, missions which would typically be staged out of Starbases and last for a few months up to a year at most. The design of the Nova class vessel was based on the Defiant pathfinder ship.
This ship was of the right size and employed the latest warp field/hull geometry and propulsion technology. Starfleet replaced the warp core with a far less powerful version, reducing the top speed to Warp 8.
Running the same nacelle design at much lower power greatly extended the operating life of the warp coils, reducing the ships refit schedule and making it easier to operate. The heavy weaponry was also removed, creating extra space for sensor arrays and scientific labs. Originally, the Nova designation was intended to be assigned to the replacement for the Galaxy class Explorers. However, the Galaxy class went into high level production as a battleship in the run up to the Dominion war.
After the war, many of these ships continued in service as fully fleshed out Explorers, while others were retired. It quickly became clear that Starfleet would have a ready supply of large space frames on hand for far longer than originally envisaged. Additionally, the entry into service of the Sovereign class introduced a new level of high technology to the fleet. Both factors reduced the need for a galaxy replacement significantly, and so the Nova development project was quietly dropped. With the name now available again, Starfleet chose to assign it to the new science ship. One of the first group of Nova class vessels - the USS Equinox - vanished shortly after launching. It was thought to have been lost, but was later discovered by Voyager to have been dragged to the Delta Quadrant by the Caretaker. The Equinox fared rather worse than Voyager in its attempts to get home; with its lower speed the Equinox faced a journey of over a hundred and eighty years in a vessel designed to operate for no more than twelve months between refits. Unfortunately, the crew discovered that the bodies of a trans-dimensional alien species could be processed to produce a powerful form of fuel, greatly increasing the ships top speed. Captain Ransom began capturing and murdering the aliens, in direct violation of both the Prime Directive and Starfleet ethics. The aliens fought back, killing many of the Equinox crew.
When Voyager encountered the Equinox they quickly realised what Ransom had done. Captain Janeway attempted to imprison the crew but they escaped, leaving Voyager under attack by the aliens. The ship survived the attack, and was able to pursue and capture most of the remaining Equinox crew. The aliens attacked the ship again, killing the remaining crew and destroying the ship.
Construction of the Nova class was suspended shortly before the Dominion war in favour of more combat capable vessels. Now that the war is over, construction is likely to be resumed within the next year or so.
The Nova class appeared in the Voyager episode "Equinox"; up to this episode I had thought of the Intrepid class as being one of the smaller Starships in service with the Federation at about half the length of a Galaxy class, but the Nova is less than half as small again!
The ship is described in the episode as being a fairly slow low capability vessel, so I've designed the specs accordingly. That warp eight is the top speed is stated directly, as is the fact that the ship has shields and torpedo tubes. Phaser arrays are also visible on the hull. The figure of 78 for the crew comes from Captain Ransom; he tells Janeway that he lost thirty nine people in battles with a powerful enemy, which he describes as "half my crew". The rest of the specs I've pitched at a level roughly in scale with the Intrepid class.
The Nova class seem to be ideal candidates to replace the ageing Oberth class first seen in "Star Trek III : The Search for Spock", since they are about the same size, seem to fulfil an identical role, but are much more modern. | <urn:uuid:fd16ff44-2c3c-4008-90b4-569d8128c132> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.ditl.org/ship-page.php?ClassID=fednova&ListID=Ships | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572870.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817062258-20220817092258-00667.warc.gz | en | 0.94045 | 1,318 | 2.453125 | 2 |
Patients diagnosed with psoriasis are often overweight, diabetic, or have high blood pressure and are resistant to psoriatic treatment in the presences of these conditions. However, research confirming the association between psoriasis and these factors—to help build-up protocols for the treating metabolic syndrome and improving patient outcomes—is lacking.
Researchers discovered an association between metabolic syndrome and psoriasis in previous meta-analyses, finding nearly twice- or thrice-increased risk for metabolic syndrome among patients with psoriasis. This increased risk for metabolic puts patients with psoriasis at increased risk for cardiovascular disease, including myocardial infarction and stroke. However, my colleagues and I observed that previous study authors combined observational studies that adjusted for covariates with those that did not. Therefore, we aimed to find a more exact measure of the relationship between psoriasis and metabolic syndrome
Upon a meta-analysis of 14 papers including more than 25,000 patients, we found that the relationship between psoriasis and metabolic syndrome was not as strong as it was previous results, with a mild odds ratio (OR) of 1.4 when compared with patients without psoriasis. Metabolic syndrome was present in 31.4% of patients with psoriasis. Those with systemic treatment had a lower risk than those without systemic treatment. We also found that Latin American and Middle Eastern patients with psoriasis had the highest risk for metabolic syndrome when compared with Europeans, whereas Asian patients had the lowest risk.
Patients with psoriasis represent a challenge for dermatologists, who are obligated to help them achieve the best quality of life possible. Efforts should be made to include the topic of metabolic syndrome in the treatment of these patients as part of their integral management. | <urn:uuid:24794044-03c5-438f-8a31-4d0b8ad5ba78> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.physiciansweekly.com/psoriasis-metabolic-syndrome/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00268.warc.gz | en | 0.968731 | 358 | 2.28125 | 2 |
Types Of Teas And Their Health Benefits
January 14, 2020 tea
Every year, the Texas Schooling agency produces a score on an A-F scale for each district and college in the state. Western black teas are normally brewed for about four minutes. A cold, frothy drink made with iced tea, sweetened milk or different flavorings, and usually with sweet black balls or pearls” created from tapioca. Attempt making iced candy tea with black tea or an iced natural hibiscus tea.
Yixing purple clay teapots are the standard brewing-vessel for oolong tea which could be brewed a number of instances from the identical leaves, in contrast to inexperienced tea, seeming to improve with reuse. After boiling water and including it to the cup with the tea bag, take away tea bag and add milk till it becomes a tan colour.
The tea leaves are packaged loosely in a canister, paper bag, or other container such as a tea chest Some entire teas, akin to rolled gunpowder tea leaves, which resist crumbling, are generally vacuum-packed for freshness in aluminised packaging for storage and retail.
Store for Tea in Drinks. 4. the evergreen shrub or small tree that produces tea leaves, native to South and japanese Asia and grown as a serious money crop. Restricted analysis has been carried out on the health advantages of herbal teas, but claims that they help to shed kilos, stave off colds , and bring on restful sleep are largely unsupported.
The earliest known physical proof 33 of tea was found in 2016 in the mausoleum of Emperor Jing of Han in Xi’an , indicating that tea from the genus Camellia was drunk by Han Dynasty emperors as early as the 2nd century BC. 34 The Han dynasty work, “The Contract for a Youth”, written by Wang Bao in fifty nine BC, 35 incorporates the primary identified reference to boiling tea.
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Comprised of herbs, fruits, seeds, or roots steeped in scorching water, natural teas have decrease concentrations of antioxidants than inexperienced, white, black, and oolong teas.
One of the best-known constituent of tea is caffeine, which supplies the beverage its stimulating character but contributes only just a little to colour, flavour, and aroma.About four % of the solids in contemporary leaf is caffeine, and one teacup of the beverage comprises 60 to ninety milligrams of caffeine. Lower-high quality teas which can be often offered in tea baggage may profit from further sweetener or milk. Tea is an fragrant beverage commonly prepared by pouring scorching or boiling water over cured leaves of the Camellia sinensis, an evergreen shrub (bush) native to East Asia.
8 During the seventeenth century, consuming tea grew to become modern among Britons, who began large-scale manufacturing and commercialization of the plant in India. If the leaves or source water contain unwanted bacteria, they could flourish, whereas utilizing sizzling water has the advantage of killing most micro organism.
A tea infuser is a tea instrument that permits you to steep free tea leaves in sizzling water. Excessive-high quality green and white teas can have new water added as many as five or extra instances, depending on selection, at more and more larger temperatures. A effectively-made cup of hot tea can warm the heart and soul of any tea lover, however it can be unpleasantly bitter or disappointingly tasteless when improperly steeped.
Almost all tea in luggage and most unfastened tea sold in the West is blended. Decide what sort of tea you wish to brew and choose unfastened leaves or tea luggage. Observe: Tea may be categorized in line with its technique of manufacture (see black tea , inexperienced tea , oolong , white tea ) or in accordance with the leaf size of the plant it is produced from (see orange pekoe , pekoe , souchong ).
How To Make Tea (With Photos)
Tea Infuser Tea Strainer – Wholesome Taste Complete Tea Infuser Gadget Measure Swirl Steep Stir And Press Food Grade Plastic Tea & Coffee Strainer – Free Leaf Tea Infuser Add To Cart There’s a downside adding to cart. Regular tea consumption might lower the chance of getting Alzheimer’s illness and other neurodegenerative diseases.While the exact causes of Alzheimer’s are nonetheless unclear and there is no remedy, research confirms that inexperienced and black tea drinking improves cognitive scores amongst these with dementia and Alzheimer’s disease.
Easy methods to Use a Tea Infuser – Making Tea Boil some water. Pressure the tea leaves or remove the tea baggage. As a result of it is so minimally processed, you’ll be able to often only purchase white tea as loose leaf instead of in luggage. Tea Drops are organic, pressed teas that dissolve in scorching water.
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Tea tree oil, also called melaleuca, is well-recognized for its powerful antiseptic properties and talent to deal with wounds, which is why it’s one of many high antibacterial essential oils. Strainers, tea balls , tea presses, filtered teapots, and infusion bags stop free leaves from floating in the tea and over-brewing. Another choice is to pour in a bit quantity of chilly water but this should only be carried out if you must drink the tea shortly, or if the tea is just too sturdy, as it waters down the tea flavor.
Black tea is without doubt one of the most beloved drinks or drinks on this planet, and nearly eighty% of humans consume it. The impressive well being benefits of black tea embrace its means to spice up heart well being, lower stress, scale back high cholesterol, enhance oral health, enhance bone health, enhance alertness, and stop diarrhea and digestive issues.
The Latest TEA Information. 87 88 The Han Chinese language don’t normally drink milk with tea but the Manchus do, and the elite of the Qing Dynasty of the Chinese Empire continued to take action. Hong Kong-type milk tea is based on British colonial habits. Look for flavored black teas, such as Earl Grey, Girl Gray, or masala chai to include a floral, citrus, or spicy style. | <urn:uuid:c5ae42e6-fb90-4ac2-bb08-f3b6e5493c55> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.artowine.com/types-of-teas-and-their-health-benefits.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00669.warc.gz | en | 0.92732 | 1,343 | 2.328125 | 2 |
The clean-room classification standard ISO 14644-1 was first published in May of 1999. This standard covers the classification of air cleanliness by particle concentration. After more than 10 years of review, ISO published the first revision to the standard on December 15, 2015. Companies who currently use ISO 14644- 1 for classifying their clean-rooms can immediately begin using the new current version.
The main differences in the new ISO 14644-1:2015 vs 1999 are as follows:
1. The limit for 5 μm particles is removed for ISO Class 5.
ISO Class 5 no longer has a limit for 5 μm particles. The GMP 2008 reports, continue to include the same.
limits for 5 μm particles as before and the formulas are not changing for GMP 2008 reports at this time.
2. The minimum number of sampling locations is different.
In the 1999 standard, the minimum number of locations was equal to the square root of the area in square.
meters. This has been replaced with a table and more locations will be required in most cases. A new
formula can be used for areas greater than 1000 square meters.
3. The 95% UCL calculation has been eliminated.
The 95% UCL (upper confidence limit) is no longer calculated for sampling areas with 2 to 9 locations. Every
location must pass individually. The new higher minimum number of locations provides at least 95%
confidence that at least 90% of the clean room or clean zone does not exceed the class limits.
Reviewed by 18 Users
Most Relevant Reviews | <urn:uuid:111ffd1a-8e6a-4bcf-a447-6b5b56aa7173> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.mkteknology1.com/news.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570921.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809094531-20220809124531-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.935005 | 332 | 2.09375 | 2 |
Types of Expenses That Should Be Cut To Optimize Profits That Managers Should Know
Profit optimization is always a problem that needs to be solved throughout the business process. Simply put, optimizing profit means increasing the balance between cash inflows and expenses.
Keeping a healthy cash flow is crucial for SMEs and startups to face arising market challenges. To successfully optimize profits and increase revenue, the managers need to pay close attention to existing costs to determine the most appropriate direction.
Are all business expenses necessary to maintain?
Business expenses are divided into two categories:
- Fixed costs are fees that are not affected by any business life cycle effects and
- Variable costs are fees that increase or decrease depending on a specific time.
In particular, fixed costs are more difficult to cut because they are closely linked with business activities such as rent, tax, insurance, loan interest, etc.
The costs will be divided into management costs and production costs for raw materials, factories, and many more for manufacturing businesses.
It seems that all fees are essential for the business to operate. However, with the current volatile economic situation, managers need to be very alert to manage these costs well.
So, what costs can be cut to maximize profits?
Excess production or service costs
A company with many non-key products can easily cause a surplus of raw materials. Although this does not significantly affect the cash flow, if we can reduce what is not needed, the business will save a considerable amount of money, and consequently, the profit is also optimized.
Another situation is the output is much higher than the sales. This leads to the waste of materials, occupying warehouses, and even reducing the quality of products when they are in stock for too long.
Ineffective PR campaigns
PR campaigns help businesses promote sales revenue but are not always the best tactic.
For small and medium-sized businesses and startups, focusing on PR activities can increase brand awareness on the market, but a wise CEO will always know when to "burn money" and when to preserve capital.
Promoting PR activities without a specific strategy will lead to business exhaustion. Before reaping the results, the money is already burned.
Expenses for unnecessary personnel
For small and medium enterprises, the more streamlined the operating process, the more advantageous it is. Under economic volatilities, having a lean procedure will help businesses adapt more quickly and efficiently, minimizing financial waste on unnecessary "gears."
For example, the division of separate departments helps employees work best at their own duties, but it also makes the operating process cumbersome.
Therefore, at the early stage of starting a company, there should be measures to optimize each personnel position to save costs and avoid wasting resources.
Depreciation costs of excessive promotions
Promotions and discounts are effective programs to boost sales at particular times, but many companies abuse them as an indispensable sales tool.
If the market value of the service is $500, but the actual revenue that can be received is only $250, this is also considered a large depreciation charge.
Managers need to consider drawing up more innovative sales strategies to maximize revenue without spending too much on promotions to optimize profits.
This fee cannot be measured directly in money but will negatively impact the long-term operation. If the business activities fall into a state of "pending," it proves that a waste of time is taking place.
The excess "pending state" will slow the company's business progress. Therefore, managers should consider a plan to help companies optimize working time to increase efficiency and productivity, and eventually, the profits will be more optimized!
Jenfi Insights - Manage All Business Expenses With Just A Few Minutes
Jenfi Insights is a tool to help you optimize advertising costs on digital platforms and provides a detailed guide to help you expand your business effectively.
Make sure you always get the best return when running online ads with recommendations just for you. Sign up to use the Insights feature to use every penny properly! | <urn:uuid:b0377124-dbfe-4938-ba42-f20ae53705f5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://jenfi.com/business-tips/expense-management/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572304.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816120802-20220816150802-00471.warc.gz | en | 0.946862 | 819 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Sailors Home, [Calcutta]
Medium: Photographic print
This photograph of the Sailor's Home from the 'Walter Hawkins Nightingale (PWD) collection: Album of views of Calcutta, was taken by an unknown photographer in the late 1870s. The Sailor's Home in Calcutta was situated on the Strand Road and overlooked the River Hooghly just north of the junction of Strand Road with Hare Street. In the late 18th century the Sailor's Home was pulled down and replaced with the Magistrate's Court. | <urn:uuid:a3ab5db7-e4c7-4eb0-8149-db5a3f87d81c> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/onlineex/apac/photocoll/s/019pho0000897s1u00061000.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719646.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00128-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.952896 | 116 | 2.0625 | 2 |
A Thought of ClarityIn Cryptography teasers, a phrase or expressions has been encoded in some way (frequently by replacing letters with other letters). You need to figure out the encoding method and then decode the message to find the answer.
The following quotes are from Henry David Thoreau (1817-1862). He was an American author and philosopher whose works have inspired many including, John F. Kennedy and Martin Luther King Jr.
Can you decode them?
Both puzzles use the same code.
* The hint contains three vowels.
"ZDCU ZTC BG XJWFJCB DVV GX AFTJS VJITW MJAFGEA RCGMJCB AFDA JA JW CGA XJWF AFTU DST DXATS."
"JA'W CGA MFDA UGE VGGR DA AFDA ZDAATSW, JA'W MFDA UGE WTT."
Answer"MANY MEN GO FISHING ALL OF THEIR LIVES WITHOUT KNOWING THAT IT IS NOT FISH THEY ARE AFTER."
"IT'S NOT WHAT YOU LOOK AT THAT MATTERS, IT'S WHAT YOU SEE."
See another brain teaser just like this one...
Or, just get a random brain teaser
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which ones you have seen, and even make your own.
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Back to Top | <urn:uuid:363e0443-6bfe-4757-8c7b-6d46b745e86d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.braingle.com/brainteasers/39997/a-thought-of-clarity.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280929.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00431-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.844196 | 304 | 2.453125 | 2 |
The next time the WTO (World Trade Organization), The
IMF (International Monetary Fund) or the G-7 meet, perhaps some in the CART paddock should join the protesters and storm the barricades. Globalization is a fact of modern
life, get over it! Major corporations will seek greater and greater market share for their products; Multi-nationals will seek increased capitalization as well as cheaper labor markets. It's inevitable, and it's the law of economics, as we in the industrialized capitalist societies know it.
Treaties like NAFTA, the European Economic Union and Mercosur acknowledge as much and are trying to seek ways only to "manage" globalization. But they cannot "STOP" it.
Tony George and those in the CART paddock who believe in an all-American
racing series, are you listening? When the Europeans fist came to Indy in great numbers in the 1960's led by Jimmy Clark, Jackie Stewart, Graham Hill and others, it was the recognition by the Europeans that the INDY "500" was (1) a major International event, and (2) had great significance in the racing world beyond Europe and F1. European rear engine technology wholly transformed the
skill sets required for performing well in the "500." This spelled the death knell for USAC's Dirt Trackers and Sprint and Midget drivers. In addition, the usual once a year crowd could not effectively compete with the high budgeted, high tech teams.
After that, only "INDY" was legitimized by the rest of the world beyond the USA and the USAC crowd who ruled Indy and the "MILE" dirt tracks.
Then came Roger Penske with his "Corporate Image" and his "Sunoco" sponsors, and his penchant for well-spoken drivers who could represent major sponsors in an articulate way. Penske's thorough "Professional team management approach" revolutionized INDY. And with that forever changed the race; not only the nature of the race, but the type of drivers who would now be interested in participating.
In the meantime, Formula One, under the direction of B.C. Ecclestone went from Formula Ford (Cosworth) to a global Automobile Manufacturers based series. Along with them came multi-national companies wanting to place their Corporate names and logos on the side of High Tech F1 cars in order to reach a global market that had been spawned by Ecclestone's Global TV Network. In the meantime CART convinced US based companies that they too could benefit from the same type of exposure, but on a much cheaper basis than F1. So Pennzoil, Valvoline, Texaco, Shell, Marlboro, Kool, Motorola, Honda, Toyota, Ford all saw value in CART's vision.
Then came Tony George's ill-conceived IRL, the de-valuation of the 500, the exclusion of CART Teams and engine manufacturers, and the consequent loss of TV ratings, sponsors, and the monstrous rise in the popularity of NASCAR. The revenge of the "Blue Collars," the answer to all the
upper-class country clubbers. The answer to those who loved Golf and Tennis with their foreigners; and to baseball with its influx of Dominicans; and to Basketball and NFL that has a preponderance of inner-city heroes.
NASCAR found its working-class niche, and it brought in its consumer based sponsors and loyalty to American Built "Detroit Iron". Who cared about Mercedes Benz, Honda, Jaguar, and BMW? Are there any "TIFOSI" in Timmonsville, South Carolina?
NASCAR has saturated the market, and soaked up all of the domestic sponsors. That is where we are now. Like it or not. And yet, Tony George (and some in the CART paddock) is seeking to enter into the same market already inundated with NASCAR and hopes to attract, not only fans, but sponsors. It has not happened, and I do not believe that it will happen. The families that go to Michigan Speedway with their motor home, need to pay for a parking space and an expensive NASCAR ticket "TWICE" a year. For a family of four that's a lot of money. They can't afford to spend any more.
CART has recognized this. Many sponsors have recognized this. Everyone with a vision for the future "feels" or "knows" this.
Sponsors like Motorola, Shell, Texaco who have global perspectives have also seen that CART can be a viable marketing and advertising vehicle to project their names on the "Global Market". I think that Honda (whomever they are HONDA USA or HONDA JAPAN) knows that the 115,000 people who come to Surfers Paradise in Australia certainly get their HONDA name all over Australia and the rest of Asia during the 4 days of Honda's CART Indy Carnival. Who cares whether or not it's HONDA USA or HONDA JAPAN. The consumer and fan "down under" only see "HONDA," and this is certainly good for HONDA.
When HONDA wins in CART, do consumers in Japan, Europe, Australia or South
America say, "that doesn't count, that's HONDA USA!" Of
course they don't, the consumer does not differentiate, to them it's all the
win by Honda endures to the benefit of the entire Honda "Brand name". The powers that be in Tokyo are pleased by any CART Honda win, as would be the Toyota Corporate heads in
Tokyo. If not, why is Honda Corporate furious that HONDA has not won the CART Motegi race in
Japan? They are exasperated by not winning. And Honda certainly wants to beat Toyota at Motegi, and vice-versa. It's up to Corporate Honda to assess each of their worldwide subsidiaries to do the "bookkeeping" and assess each for the total costs of the program!
If what we have read from Robin Miller is correct, that Pharmaceutical Giant Eli Lilly is going to sponsor Newman/Haas
in 2002, then they too have recognized the value of CART. That CART's global
approach is where they want to spend some of their advertising budget. They must
believe that they will get a bigger "bang" for their advertising budget, and reach
more people "globally" with CART than by going with NASCAR domestically, or with the
IRL whose markets only extend to the perimeter of the Midwest with nearly all of its tracks located within a 300 mile limit.
If you were Lilly, would you want to market in Montreal, Mexico City, Brazil, Australia, Japan, England, Germany and soon to be China, or go to small markets like Colorado Springs, Nashville, Richmond, Virginia? Wait, I know what you're thinking. What about Indy? Well,
they can do that too with a professional and technically strong team like Newman/Haas.
It is CART's job to convince more and more multi-national sponsors who want
to sell to the "Global Market" that CART (1) is the place to spend their money,
(2) that it's a "bargain" compared to F1, and (3) that sponsorship monies
must be shared amongst all marketing/Ad budgets from their various worldwide
The globalization of CART is
inevitable, and the sooner everyone in the CART paddock comes to terms with
that, the sooner CART can realize its true potential.
The author can be contacted at firstname.lastname@example.org
to discuss this article | <urn:uuid:e0c09d64-2193-4a5c-ae6d-686b98b7a77e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.autoracing1.com/SteveL/2001/0820Globalization.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281162.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00528-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96456 | 1,593 | 1.507813 | 2 |
It is much quieter than normal, and the sushi chef isn’t going to require to get as substantially fish for his compact cafe, Sushi Marubatsu.
Enterprise is down around 50%, Sugiura says, thanks to the influence of the coronavirus pandemic. The virus has unfold by way of significant elements of Asia and is now gripping Europe and the US, with additional than 300,000 situations globally. Japan now has far more than 1,000 confirmed circumstances, various dozen of whom have died.
“Just, prospects stopped coming,” Sugiura tells CNN. “I’m pretty unhappy. I am indignant at the virus.”
Tokyo sushi chef Hideki Sugiura claims organization is down about 50% owing to the coronavirus outbreak.
Sugiura creates his day by day-shifting menu on the fly as he sees what fish is on supply — and at what price tag. This time, he goes for tuna, salmon, purple snapper, yellowtail and shrimp.
“Enterprise workers who employed to appear in for lunch will not occur at all now,” he claims. “And housewives used to occur in at lunchtime, but none of them appear now.”
He suggests that small business was currently hurting prior to the virus unfold, thanks to an ailing overall economy that slowed just after the Japanese federal government enhanced the use tax in October.
Several corporations experienced been holding out for the envisioned economic enhance of the Tokyo 2020 Olympics, thanks to be held in July and August this 12 months. But now, the upcoming of the party — and the linked added benefits for Tokyo’s retail and tourism market — seems to be uncertain because of to the pandemic.
Now, the latest disaster is pushing Sugiura to look at closing the doors on the restaurant.
“If my organization stays this way mainly because of the virus, I can not work at all,” he suggests. “There is no other way but closing it down.”
Tsukiji fish sector struggling
Some of the market place vendors tell CNN that their business enterprise is down by 70-80%.
Generally a tourist hotspot, the outer ring of the Tsukiji market place sees couple website visitors these times.
“(Business enterprise is) horrible, terrible,” suggests Naoto Furusawa, who has labored at a single of the stalls providing dried fish and other food goods for 23 a long time.
Usually, he claims, the streets are teeming with visitors from all above the world.
“It is just a sea of men and women,” Furusawa says. “(Ordinarily) I can not even stroll via.”
Vacationers have also discovered the large fall-off.
“I arrived a few several years back and I couldn’t walk (by the crowds), and now it’s scarcely anyone,” says Colombian tourist Andres Bitar (32).
When the interior wholesale sector moved to Toyosu, the outer industry, which has dozens of shops and restaurants, stayed open.
But how extended it survives relies upon on how long it can take for the coronavirus crisis to conclude, Furusawa says.
“Anyone is expressing, all they can do is be individual,” he suggests.
Off the major streets of the Tsukiji marketplace are several dim, narrow alleys which are crammed with dozens of compact sushi joints — also suffering from the financial contagion of the coronavirus.
“There are several businesses closing down,” states Toru Honma, who owns one particular of the small restaurants. “Three to four sites have shut down in the past month or two.”
Tokyo seafood vendor Naoto Furusawa says business is horrible at the instant.
Most mornings, 68-calendar year-outdated Honma is serving up sashimi rice bowls, platters of clean sushi and cups of steaming Japanese tea to visitors who stream in just after searching in the market place.
But now, he is just counting his losses.
“I experience pretty unhappy — it hurts,” Honma says. “It was these a sharp decrease.”
Honma has been a sushi chef for 45 yrs, and states he has never ever noticed anything like this in advance of — even soon after the devastating earthquake and tsunami which hit Japan in 2011.
But the problem is probable to deteriorate even further, as gurus say the affect of the coronavirus crisis is far from in excess of.
“You are going to see for the future 3 or four months at minimum, financial info that’s heading to continue on to deteriorate, you’re heading to see earnings information that carries on to deteriorate,” Koll states.
The disaster has still left compact small business homeowners in Japan — and the rest of the planet — facing an unsure upcoming.
“We you should not know when it ends, and it is receiving worse working day by working day,” Honma says. | <urn:uuid:3aaf4b41-e548-414d-b787-02681c69761a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.griffincenter.org/tokyos-sushi-scene-crippled-by-coronavirus-outbreak/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00068.warc.gz | en | 0.952181 | 1,098 | 1.65625 | 2 |
Last weekend’s Bloody Sunday commemoration by the GAA was a nice reminder of the GAA’s enmeshment in the warp and weft of Ireland’s history.
The events of Bloody Sunday 1920, and the name of Michael Hogan are part of the lore of Ireland and it was refreshing to see the GAA commemorate the event and its victims in a way that focused on Ireland, as opposed to some sort of woke inclusivity exercise.
(The Kildare decision to imitate the Marxist symbolism of “taking the knee” was a bit strange though. Why is submission an appropriate mark of respect to the victims of 1920?)
It’s enticing to think that the regenerative power of a sense of history gave the Tipperary footballers a thirst and belief in the imaginative possibilities of the moment.
Wearing the jerseys of 1920 and a picture of Michael Hogan on the sleeve, they wore their hearts on their sleeves too, and bridged an 85 year gap to take the Munster crown. They did this with an assurance and belief in their own potential that was a thrill to watch. Congratulations to the Premier men. Michael Hogan must have been proud to look down on that victory.
2020 is also the centenary of the birth of another GAA legend, the Bold Christy Ring. Last weekend, Kildare, a minnow on the hurling scene, also showed mettle and skill and represented themselves admirably to win the Christy Ring cup.
For all its faults (and moving slowly is not one of them), the GAA has no shortage of people who led impressive and also very ordinary existences.
Brian Cody is an example of a man who might be comfortable to stay his entire life within his parish, and yet is one of the most inspired leaders of men that this country has. The GAA’s history of extraordinary people leading ordinary lives is what knits it into the identity of Ireland. Paul Rouse’s Hurlers gives some hilarious and fascinating insights into the GAA’s role in an Irish cultural awakening, in the formation of the modern Irish state.
He tells of a meeting in the early years of the organisation in Tipperary, where a gun shot was fired and the meeting ended in a brawl “between local republicans and priests”. What is evident from the history of the GAA is that its cultural activity was entangled with the creation of the lore of modern Ireland. It was also as much a part of the weave of ordinary lives as anything could be.
Imagine a marquee modern sporting event being contextualised as evocatively as this, from the eponymous ballad of Christy Ring written by Kerry’s famed author Bryan McMahon:
“When we were young we read in school how in the days of old,
The young Setanta showed his worth with shield and spear of gold,
As hurling hard on royal sward he’d hurling heroes fling,
My soul today, he’d yield the sway if he met Christy Ring.”
And of that memorable clash with Tipperary:
“Cork is bet the hay is saved the Tipp men loudly sing.
You speak too soon my sweet Garsún, for here comes Christy Ring.”
The GAA was part of life as much as the seasonal work on the farm was. Of all the names that enhanced the story of the GAA, and whose legend grew in tandem, Christy Ring may have been the brightest star. Christy Ring and Hurling were a match which illuminated each other equally.
Outside of hurling Christy led a modest existence. To keep the wolf from the door he drove an oil delivery truck, so you might have gotten a delivery of home heating oil on Monday from a man who would keep fifty thousand people fixated on his every move the following Sunday.
I lived two doors up from this man during his final years on this earth. To his neighbours there was no mystery to him. He represented himself and a traditional paradigm of the GAA in every fibre of his communal existence. Those alert, brilliant eyes, which are evident in photos of him on the field stood out. In conversation he was as quick witted and direct as his hurling on the field, and he was generous. He frequently gave my mother a lift across town to visit her mother when my Father was away working.
Tight family bonds were a feature of the time, that people depended upon in this time of tighter means, and Christy understood and respected that as much as anyone.
My mother recalled discussing an article in the papers about family breakdown with him. “You can’t do that” he said, offering his opinion without much hesitation. He had his reasons thought out as well and explained them; he was a traditionalist, not an unthinking dogmatic.
Ring was part of a generation that changed hurling. Maybe that’s not surprising as the game had only been codified a half century before and was still changing -as Ireland itself was grappling with the burden of freedom.
It might sound like a strange thing to say, but newfound freedom and how we as humans adapt to it is a challenge that many newly formed states collapse under. Booker T. Washington understood this when he pioneered Black education in the post bellum years in America.
Edmund Ignatius Rice did the same for the Irish 100 years previous to this, and in 1884 Michael Cusack helped enable a cultural sense of purpose when he founded the GAA. It wasn’t all easy of course. Cusack was at that meeting in Tipperary that ended in the row.
He was not deterred. A lifetime of experience and graft had taught him that culture is not easily built, but it is worth the effort.
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A Ford F150 should last between 150,000 and 300,000 miles. Proper maintenance and repair is necessary to keep it at this mileage. Even so, it’s highly unlikely that you’ll run into engine problems before reaching this mileage mark. According to a study by iSeeCars, 1.9% of F150s sold in 2019 have surpassed 200,000 miles. The average lifespan for a vehicle in this segment is around twenty years.
The average lifespan of a Ford F150 is around 200,000 miles. However, if you drive it around 1500 miles a year, you can expect it to last up to 17 years. In the US, this truck has been the best-selling pickup truck for over four decades, so you can be sure that it will last for you. But how long does it last? What happens if it starts failing?
The Ford F150 is one of the most reliable trucks on the market. In addition to boosting fuel efficiency and long-term cosmetic durability, it’s one of the most reliable trucks. The Ford F150 lineup of engines is remarkably powerful and exceptionally quiet. The resulting drive will be smooth and comfortable. Ford F150 maintenance costs are also relatively low. So what’s the best way to determine the life of your truck? Check out your Ford dealer’s warranty and service manuals to find out.
Related Questions / Contents
How Many Miles is Too Much For a Used F150?
If you have enough money to spend, buying a used Ford F150 may not be too bad. With a little care and maintenance, the F150 can last up to 200,000 miles. That said, after that, it’s time to start looking for upgrades. After this milestone, you’ll probably end up spending hundreds of thousands of dollars on new parts and upgrades. So, what are the benefits of buying a used Ford F150?
As a general rule, buying a used truck with less than 100,000 miles is a good idea. A used truck with this many miles is likely to have worn out parts. If the truck has been driven more than this, consider purchasing a new one with fewer miles. Remember, however, that a used truck should cost 60% to 70% less than it did brand new. Even with its low mileage, a used F150 can last for 20 years if properly maintained.
A used Ford F150 that has 200,000 miles is a vintage vehicle, as it has undergone many changes in its life cycle. However, if you’re using the vehicle for commercial purposes, it can last longer, with less routine repairs. A Ford F150 with 200,000 miles is a good deal for those looking for a truck for daily hauling. Just be aware that it can be difficult to maintain a truck with that many miles on it.
What Year F150 to Avoid?
The Ford F150 is a highly reliable truck, but some years have more problems than others. Several years have had millions of recalls for problems ranging from faulty transmissions to misfiring engines. Moreover, the 2015-2017 model year has experienced problems with the doors opening unexpectedly while driving. Therefore, if you’re looking for a safe truck, we recommend you avoid these models. The following is a list of some of the most problematic years and models.
Consumers have complained that brakes in Ford F150s were not functional and often failed. Bad brakes can be dangerous on the road, which in turn will make you angry. So, what year of Ford F150 should you avoid? Here are 5 years that have broken down too easily. While it’s difficult to pinpoint the exact reason, there are some common issues with these trucks. If you’re looking for a reliable truck, make sure to avoid the model year 2004.
Is It OK to Buy a Truck with 200K Miles?
Purchasing a used truck with a high mileage is not the best idea. The mileage may be too high to be of use. If you’re not confident in your mechanic’s skills, you should consider buying a truck that has a lower mileage. After all, you will be spending money on repairs. It might be wise to choose a truck with fewer miles if the overall condition of the truck is fine.
Another disadvantage of a truck with a high mileage is that it’s likely to have broken down parts. Many parts of a vehicle are only designed to last a few hundred thousand miles, so buying a truck with a high mileage means taking a gamble on whether the parts will last long enough to get you through the long road ahead. While it might be tempting to buy a truck with a high mileage, it’s best to avoid it altogether.
However, this approach has its downsides. One disadvantage is that a truck with a high mileage will need more repairs and regular maintenance. Trucks with a high mileage will require more frequent oil changes than a truck with a lower mileage. However, diesel engines are known to last for hundreds of thousands of miles with no problems. A high mileage truck may be a great option for you if you don’t need a lot of horsepower.
What is High Mileage For a Ford?
If you’re wondering, “What is high mileage for a Ford F150?”, you’re not alone. The truck has been produced for over 70 years, and some models are more than two hundred thousand miles old. The lifespan of a Ford F-150 depends on several factors, including how much use it gets on a daily basis and how well it is maintained. Regular maintenance is essential, and repairs should be made as soon as they occur.
A Ford F-150 is one of the most durable vehicles you can buy, and if you take good care of it, you can enjoy the car for a very long time. A well-maintained Ford F-150 will cover about 300k miles, and you have at least 10 years left on the vehicle. However, if you’re buying a used Ford F-150, make sure to check its mileage.
If you’re looking to buy a new Ford, you should be aware of the possible downsides. Most cars can last up to 150,00 miles, and the F-150 can last seventeen years at a consistent 12,000 miles per year. In addition to its poor infotainment system, you should also keep in mind that it’s common for a Ford F-150 to fail its head gaskets before the end of its life. However, the problem is much more serious, especially on trucks with more than 160k miles.
What Used Trucks to Stay Away From?
As you search for a used pickup truck, there are several important things to consider. These include model, engine, trim level, and condition, as well as mileage, wear and tear, and warranty. Some used trucks may even have a salvage title, which you should avoid. Knowing which models are not worth the risk is critical when making your purchase. Listed below are some examples of what used trucks to avoid.
The first thing you should keep an eye out for is mileage. It can be difficult to tell how long a particular truck has been on the road, so look for a truck that is at least seven years old. If you want to save money, try to avoid used trucks made between 1997 and 2003. Many owners report engine problems, but these are not directly linked to the vehicle’s engine, but to bad threads on the plugs.
The next model to stay away from is the 2008 and 2007 Silverados. These models have V8 engines that use fuel and oil like crazy. Even though the 2008 model is new, it still has plenty of potential issues. Look for a truck that has a 5.4-liter V8 engine. While this is a more expensive truck than an XL, it is still a great choice for many people.
Is 250K Miles Alot For a Truck?
When it comes to determining the age of your used truck, the mileage can be a big factor. Those that have more than a hundred thousand miles should start looking for a used truck. These vehicles are often prone to problems, so you should always consider what you want to use them for. If you’re planning on using your truck primarily for work, 250K miles may not be too much, but if you’re going to take it out for fun, you should consider getting a truck that has a lot more miles than that.
The main reason for higher mileage is that they are less likely to break down. This is because a high mileage truck tends to have parts that don’t last long, but that might not be obvious to the average person. Buying a truck with a high mileage is a good idea if you’re handy with mechanical stuff. However, if you don’t have any mechanical experience, you should hire a mechanic to check the truck for you. A mechanic will also know how to inspect important parts and ensure that they are working properly. If a truck has a lot of miles, you might end up spending hundreds of dollars on parts that will soon fail.
Is 300K Miles Too Much?
The average Ford F150 will last about three hundred thousand miles, with proper care and routine maintenance. Depending on the driving habits of the owner, it can even surpass this mark. But you should check the mileage of your Ford F150 to be sure. Do you drive your truck every day? If so, it’s probably time to replace the engine. However, if you do, it’s best to consider a new truck instead.
While a new truck should be kept up for a minimum of five years, a used one shouldn’t be bought just because it has three hundred thousand miles. Purchasing a vehicle with less than three hundred thousand miles is a better idea than waiting for it to go past that mark. If you’re unsure of how many miles you’ll need to drive before replacing it, you can always find one used at a dealer’s shop.
Another important thing to look for is the transmission. It might be leaking or have other problems. A leaking transmission won’t be visible in the service history until you’ve reached three hundred thousand miles. There are other items to check besides the transmission, like the brakes. The auto tech should bring an OBD scanner to make sure everything is in working order. Suspension checkups are vital because you don’t know what you’ll be towing with your F150. You can also find out the weight of your truck by checking the suspension.
Learn More Here:
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10 pt 15 pt 20 pt 25 pt 5 pt 10 pt 15 pt 20 pt 25 pt 5 pt 10 pt 15 pt 20 pt 25 pt 5 pt 10 pt 15 pt 20 pt 25 pt 5 pt 10 pt 15 pt 20 pt 25 pt 5 pt Great Depression WW2Cold WarCivil Rights Nam/Nixon /9-11
Black Tuesday refers to this event that was a major cause of the Great Depression Great Depression
Stock Market Crash
The CCC and WPA both gave jobs to folks as part of this FDR plan to fix the country
This is a picture of _______
The Dust Bowl When thousands of acres of dried-up farmland drifted across the country
Hoover did all of the following to help individuals during the Depression, EXCEPT? 1. Give Welfare Checks 2. Create Public Works Jobs 3. Rebuild Businesses
Give Out Checks He did not believe in Direct Relief, he wanted businesses and Churches to handle charity
These were FDRs way of staying connected to the American people during the Depression
When America let Great Britain borrow some war materials in exchange for land and money WW2
Lend Lease Act
Hitler targeted _______ as scapegoats for the problems in Germany. This event ______ occurred when shops and homes were vandalized across Germany and Austria
The strategy of attacking certain places in the Pacific and not others was known as
The act of giving in to demands in order to quiet someone down. European leaders did this for Hitler and the Munich Conference
This was the top secret work to build the Atomic Bomb
Which president was in office for the Cuban Missile Crisis? Cold War
John F Kennedy
When the Communist North attacked the South across the 38 th parallel the _______ War Started
This policy of the United States was about keeping the commies in their place.
During the Cold War, pop culture used movies like Rocky 4 as ________
The Cold War was defined by many competitions between the USA and USSR. Name 3 of them Double Points
Arms Race Space Race The Olympics Spying
Civil Rights This method of resistance was used at lunch counters to protest segregation in the South
This refers to a series of laws passed to level the playing field when it came to hiring for jobs and admissions for colleges
Who is this?
This case overturned Plessy V Ferguson and the idea of separate but equal.
Brown vs Board of Education
He led the UFW and launched a boycott against grape growers
This term refers to Johnsons increase in military forces during the Vietnam War Nam/Nixon/9-11
DOUBLE POINTS ___ was President of the US when the Berlin Wall fell ____ was the leader of the USSR
Ronald Reagan Mikhail Gorbachev
Nixons plan to replace American troops with South Vietnamese ones during the Vietnam War
Named for the New Year holiday it was launched during, this was a serious defeat to American popular support for the Vietnam war
Ping Pong Diplomacy was an improvement in relations between…….
The USA and China
Great Dep. WWII Cold War II Cold War I Civil Rights Potpourri.
$100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100 $200 $300.
Presidents Cold War Civil Rights Vietnam After Vietnam.
Begin $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 IMPORTANT EVENTS EVENTSIMPORTANTPEOPLE ASIA AND THE COLD WAR COLD WAR USA AND THE COLD WAR OTHER KEY TERMS.
What happened at the Bay of Pigs? JFK sent in troops to stage a coup to overthrow Fidel Castro of Cuba JFK was defeated and humiliated.
The Cold War The period of political tension and mistrust between Western and Eastern nations following WWII.
Welcome! The Topic For Today Is…. 1960’s Civil RightsVietnam/KoreaPeopleCold WarMisc Bonus Question: 2000 pts.
$100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100 $200.
By: Connor Tonderum. The Cold War was to destroy many international affairs for over 10 years than many major problems occurred such as the Cuban missile.
The Cold War UNIT 10 REVIEW. What group took over in Russia after Tsar Nicholas?
Pick a Suitcase This is Your Case Attacking only the lightly defended outposts while skipping others during the early part of WW2 was called..
Events of the Cold War. Destalization Stalin died and new Soviet leader (Khrushchev) wanted to purge Russia of his memory.
$100 $500 $400 $200 $300 $200 $300 $500 $400 Presidential Blunders! The 1950s The 1960s The 1970s This and That CLICK HERE FOR FINAL JEOPARDY.
1 10 pt 15 pt 20 pt 25 pt 5 pt 10 pt 15 pt 20 pt 25 pt 5 pt 10 pt 15 pt 20 pt 25 pt 5 pt 10 pt 15 pt 20 pt 25 pt 5 pt 10 pt 15 pt 20 pt 25 pt 5 pt War.
MODERN AMERICA From WWII until today USII.7A-D. USII.7A.
Panama Canal is Built Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
1.Where was the conference held near the end of WWII where Stalin, FDR, and Churchill agreed on many of the postwar issues?
Quarterly 2 Jeopardy Review “Initial” Vocabulary Civil Rights Crisis Abroad Presidential Programs & Policies VietnamMix Of Questions
■ Essential Question: – What were the important Cold War events of the 1960s & 1970s? ■ CPWH Agenda for Unit 13.4: – Clicker Review Questions – “Cold War.
THE COLD WAR The Cold War Cold War- A war of tension and the ideas of Capitalism (USA) vs. Communism (USSR) Cold War- A war of tension.
Chapter 12 For Sources: See Ms. B. Women’s Rights Movement (p ) Working for women to have equal rights to men.
Cold War Conflicts Korea - Vietnam. Korea First war that grew from Cold War ideologies – 1950 – Communist North Korea crossed the 38 th parallel and attacked.
Quarterly 2 Jeopardy Review “Initial” Vocabulary Civil Rights Crisis Abroad Presidential Programs & Policies VietnamBegins with a “C”
The Cold War began in Europe. In 1948,the USA started a loan program called the Marshall Plan to help rebuild Europe and try to stop the spread of.
Revised What is Imperialism? Policy used by some nations to take over other nations.
The Cold War The Beginnings ► Yalta Conference held in 1945 Held between USA, Britain, and Russia ► “Iron Curtain” Speech given by Winston.
UNIT 8 TEST REVIEW U.S. History. SSUSH 20 U.S. History.
Cold War at Home. Arms Race/Nuclear Threat US and USSR competed to have largest military and best weapons Schools held atomic bomb drills Americans encouraged.
LET’S PLAY JEOPARDY!! VocabularyPeopleEventsTrivia Q $100 Q $200 Q $300 Q $400 Q $500 Q $100 Q $200 Q $300 Q $400 Q $500 Jeopardy.
1. The doctrine of separate but equal was the result of which court case? Plessy v. Ferguson.
THE COLD WAR Reconstruction- Partition of Germany Allied powers divided Germany into 4 zones and occupied it.
Review Game. The period of political tension following World War II was known as ________.
Second Semester Final Exam Review JEOPARDY!!. Amendmen ts
United States History Risk. Langston Hughes and Duke Ellington were artists of what period?? Harlem Renaissance.
$2 $5 $10 $20 $1 $2 $5 $10 $20 $1 $2 $5 $10 $20 $1 $2 $5 $10 $20 $1 $2 $5 $10 $20 $1 The Cold War Continued The Korean War The Vietnam War The Cuban Missile.
May 2, 2012 Aim: What are some helpful tips so I can successfully study for my test? Do Now: List three similarities and three differences between the.
2 pt 3 pt 4 pt 5pt 1 pt 2 pt 3 pt 4 pt 5 pt 1 pt 2pt 3 pt 4pt 5 pt 1pt 2pt 3 pt 4 pt 5 pt 1 pt 2 pt 3 pt 4pt 5 pt 1pt Alphabet Soup Seeing RED Remember.
MP4: 3-WCA REVIEW The Cold War, the Civil Rights Movement, & the Vietnam War.
Social effects of the Cold War. Arms Race ICBM Sputnik Bay of Pigs Cuban Missile Crisis.
The Cold War and the rise of the Superpowers. The Cold War The Cold War was a time of distrust between the two Superpowers of the World between 1945 –
Review Time World History: Chapter 23. What “divided” the world between Communism and the Free World?
COLD WAR TIMELINE OF EVENTS US vs. USSR Cold War Begins Soviet Union keeps control of Eastern Europe after WWII Creates buffer zone Churchill says.
The Vietnam War Years Chapter 29. When Was John F. Kennedy elected to office He was elected in 1960, His term began in m/topics/us-
Hot Parts of the Cold War in Korea and Vietnam Summarize the events of the Cold War, including the Soviet domination of Eastern Europe; the rise.
What was Southern life like in the 1930’s? Great Depression Great Depression The New Deal The New Deal Jim Crow Laws of the South Jim Crow Laws of the.
The Cold War Era The Soviet Union Communism VS The United States Capitalism & Democracy.
Cold War Timeline Events Remember… The Cold War was an “indirect” war b/w Soviet Union and United States The Cold War was an “indirect” war.
© 2017 SlidePlayer.com Inc. All rights reserved. | <urn:uuid:6cd4228f-1737-4927-a33e-b22b55985739> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://slideplayer.com/slide/248560/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281353.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00069-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.898185 | 2,184 | 3.046875 | 3 |
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b) Cross section of the head of the hippocampus introduce complexities beyond the scope of an introductory treatment. The experimental resolution of the problem of the definition of a gene was the complementation test discussed in Chapter 2. els. Coli the involvement of DNA replication.
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Fitch Ratings said last week that President Obama’s plan to expand the Pay as You Earn plan for student loan borrowers may lower default risk and boost prepayments in Federal Family Education Loan Program asset-backed security portfolios.
The Pay as You Earn program—launched last year—is designed to keep monthly student loan payments affordable for students as they enter repayment, which is capped at 10 percent of monthly discretionary income.
In order to qualify for the plan, student borrowers must have a partial financial hardship and must be new borrowers as of October 1, 2007. Borrowers also must have received a disbursement of a direct loan on or after October 1, 2011. After qualifying for the plan, borrowers may be able to continue to make payments under the plan even if they no longer have a partial financial hardship.
Under President Obama’s 2015 fiscal budget, the plan would be expanded to allow all federal student loan borrowers to access the program, regardless of when loans were originated, thereby dramatically increasing the number of borrowers eligible for the program.
“We believe the credit quality of the collateral pools in FFELP trusts would improve as borrowers who intend to take advantage of the PAYE would have higher overall chances of default,” Fitch Ratings said. “We also expect the expansion of this plan to marginally increase prepayments on FFELP trusts collateralized by loans originated prior to October 1, 2007.” | <urn:uuid:0a1e89db-e8dd-4c2d-9ecb-2987406dfd72> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://bankcreditnews.com/consumer-lending/plan-expand-paye-student-loan-program-may-lower-default-risk/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280221.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00233-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.973802 | 294 | 1.640625 | 2 |
Target: Kenneth Jeffrey Feld, President of Feld Entertainment
Goal: Praise the company, which owns Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus, for committing to eliminate its elephant acts
The elephants in Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus face regular electric shocks and whippings as part of their training. On the road between cities the animals can be confined to cramped train cars for days on end. Such cruelty is clearly unacceptable. After more than a century of torment the circus has finally committed to abandoning its use of elephants.
A year-long investigation by Mother Jones helped expose the brutality of the circus’ treatment of the animals in its care. A successful ForceChange petition that received thousands of signatures demonstrates the intense public criticism of elephant acts.
The use of performing animals in circuses has been the subject of protest for decades. The nation of India has even moved to ban elephants’ confinement in zoos, in part because of their incredible intelligence. Feld Entertainment, which owns Ringling Bros., also faced local laws forbidding the use of cruel bullhooks. Together these factors pushed the company to reform. “This decision was not easy,” said President Kenneth Feld in a recent statement, “but it is in the best interest of our company, our elephants and our customers.”
This success is indeed worth celebrating, although Feld Entertainment has given itself until 2018 to end its use of elephants. Applaud the company for heeding public pressure–and urge Feld to eliminate elephant acts immediately.
Dear Mr. Feld,
For decades Feld Entertainment has engaged in the use of horrific training practices to force performing elephants to comply. Mother Jones‘ explosive investigation described a “sweet-natured but clumsy” elephant named after your own daughter being whipped mercilessly as just one example. To make matters worse, the company spent millions trying to hide the abuse from the public.
At long last you and your colleagues have decided to end the use of elephant acts as a part of the Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus, and for this you have my deepest and most sincere thanks. These beautiful elephants will be able to live out their natural lives at the company’s conservation area in Florida. Surely they have earned this rest after experiencing years of abuse.
I applaud your commitment to ending the use of elephants in your circus, and urge you to do so immediately.
[Your Name Here]
Photo credit: AlejandroLinaresGarcia via Wikimedia Commons | <urn:uuid:987477d1-c177-4c3b-9b43-fd10a5e27426> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://forcechange.com/140126/success-circus-commits-to-eliminating-cruel-elephant-acts/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719215.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00199-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.935614 | 514 | 1.84375 | 2 |
Suppose you own a company, Facebook page, YouTube channel, Twitter account, or otherwise, and you want to create a logo for you or your activity for free. In that case, this topic is for you, as you will learn how to create a logo without installing programs easily. For free, of course, unlike what you think, the process does not necessarily require a graphic designer. Still, you can create your logo through a free site within a few seconds. This article will show information about how to create your logo with 3 recommend tools.
The logo is used to define the company’s activity or the entity of the person as it must consist of attractive graphics or pictures that show the activity of the page, the company, or the person. Therefore, if you want to create a professional logo, learn no further about this post.
How to create your logo in the best 3 logo makers
How does DesignEvo work for you?
First, go to the website and click Make a Free Logo. After that, you will now go to the first step in creating the logo. DesignEvo has more than 10,000 logo templates, searches for the most appropriate template for your niche, and can search for a specific industry through the search box. For example, if you choose a technically appropriate logo for your website, you can move to the logo modification page after clicking on it.
You can now edit the sentence written on the logo to include your company or page name. After typing the company or page name, the font can be modified through a side menu in which you will find dozens of types of fonts. If you clicked Atr, you would be taken to the set of colored fonts that you can choose from, and to go back to the regular fonts, click on Classic. You can move the logo up or down by placing the mouse pointer on it and moving it in any direction. You can also move the text as desired with the mouse. You can also add text to the logo by clicking Add Logo, then typing the text. After that, move the text and place it where you want it.
You can add a logo icon that suits your activity to make it attractive and expressive of purpose, and to do so, click on the ICON option. You will now see a wide range of different icons in many fields, so choose the right one for your logo, and you will go to all the icons related to this shape to choose what suits you. After choosing the right icon for you, move it to the logo and place it in the appropriate place.
After completing all the settings, save the logo by pressing “Download” to download the logo to your device immediately. The logo can be stored directly in your email by clicking “Save.” The logo will be saved in your email immediately, but this requires creating an account on the site.
You can also, dear reader, return to the site’s home page and start creating a new logo in a different way and another field because the site does not require maximum usage, and you can create a large number of logos.
Oberlo site to create a professional logo for free
A professional logo designer Oberlo is easy to use, with the ability to switch between its beautiful icons and its multiple options that suit the website, blog, and brand name of Away because it allows you to create the logo you want for free. You only need to choose the brand name. Designed in the colors and sizes you want.
First, go to the website. And then click Generate logo. Enter your logo name or store name and click on Your Store Name. When writing the name of the logo in your name, do not forget to choose the color and when choosing the logo without programs, choose at the bottom side of the logo, asking you to send an email and make it to your knowledge. You can download and create a professional logo for free in an unlimited quantity.
Hatchful Logo Creation Website
You can create a free professional logo without software using just the Hatchful platform, and you’ll also be able to choose templates and create professional designs. Because it is smooth and you can deal with it without any experience or knowledge of programming or anything else, follow all the steps to create your logo.
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Brain aneurysms are most often detected after they've ruptured and become medical emergencies. However, a brain aneurysm may be detected when you've undergone head-imaging tests for another condition.
If such test results indicate you have a brain aneurysm, you'll need to discuss the results with a specialist in brain and nervous system disorders (neurologist or neurosurgeon).
To make the best use of your time with your doctor, you may want to prepare a list of questions, such as:
- What do you know about the size and location of the aneurysm?
- Do the imaging test results provide evidence of how likely it is to rupture?
- What treatment do you recommend at this time?
- If we wait, how often will I need to have follow-up tests?
- What steps can I take to lower the risk of an aneurysm rupturing?
Your neurologist or neurosurgeon may ask you the following questions to help determine the best course of action:
Sept. 01, 2015
- Do you smoke?
- How much do you drink?
- Do you use recreational drugs?
- Are you being treated for high blood pressure, high cholesterol or other conditions that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease?
- Do you take your medications as prescribed by your doctor?
- Is there a history of brain aneurysms in your family?
- Williams LN, et al. Management of unruptured intracranial aneurysms. Neurology Clinical Practice. 2013;3:99.
- Meyers PM, et al. Indications for the performance of intracranial endovascular neurointerventional procedures: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention, Stroke Council, Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia, Interdisciplinary Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease, and Interdisciplinary Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research. Circulation. 2009;119:2235.
- Cerebral aneurysm fact sheet. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/cerebral_aneurysm/detail_cerebral_aneurysm.htm. Accessed March 4, 2014.
- Cerebral aneurysm. American Association of Neurological Surgeons. http://www.aans.org/Patient%20Information/Conditions%20and%20Treatments/Cerebral%20Aneurysm.aspx. Accessed March 4, 2014.
- Daroff RB, et al. Bradley's Neurology in Clinical Practice. 6th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders Elsevier; 2012. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed March 4, 2014.
- Singer RJ, et al. Unruptured intracranial aneurysms. http://www.uptodate.com/home. Accessed March 4, 2014.
- Raper DM, et al. Seizures after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: A systematic review of outcomes. World Neurosurgery. 2013;79:682.
- Brown RD (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. March 9, 2014.
- Brown RD, et al. Screening for brain aneurysm in the Familial Intracranial Aneurysm study: Frequency and predictors of lesion detection. Journal of Neurosurgery. 2008;108:1132.
- Hasan DM, et al. Aspirin as a promising agent for decreasing incidence of cerebral aneurysm. Stroke. 2011;42:3156.
- Lanzino G (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. March 18, 2014.
- Brinjikji W, et al. Endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms with flow diverters: A meta-analysis. Stroke. 2013;44:442.
- Brinjikji W, et al. Estimating the proportion of intracranial aneurysms likely to be amenable to treatment with the pipeline embolization device. Journal of Neurointerventional Surgery. 2013;5:45.
- Stryker Neurovascular. Safety and Effectiveness of an Intracranial Aneurysm Embolization System for Treating Large or Giant Wide Neck Aneurysms (SCENT). ClinicalTrials.gov. http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01716117?term=aneurysm&rank=1. Accessed March 20, 2014. | <urn:uuid:3a597cc0-3d9c-44a0-aebe-416285ae5a9a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/brain-aneurysm/basics/preparing-for-your-appointment/con-20028457?mc_id=comlinkpilot&placement=resources | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281151.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00114-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.842398 | 995 | 2.34375 | 2 |
A few weeks ago we made the move to socket 2011, and having undertaken a group test of some of the more popular all in one water cooling solutions on the market we figured it was aout time we tried out a few traditional air coolers on the toasty socket 2011 chip. If you've had a gander through the water cooler round up you'll already know that the test rig we use for the air coolers is identical to that of the water cooling, so as to reproduce the exact same testing conditions. And boy are those conditions testing. With a period of no less than 45 minutes per setting, and for a cooler able to cope with the truly incinerating temps of the 4.6Ghz overclock, and perhaps with a fan speed reduction cable, that can mean up to 6 hours of testing for a single cooler. Yes, 6 hours of testing per cooler. We do this because you need to know, we do this so you don't have to, but most of all, we do this for love.
So what we have lined up for you today is a little "Friendly" between two of Germany's more well known CPU cooler Manufacturers. In the Red corner we have Prolimatech, a well established firm with some notable sucessess to their name. In the Blue corner, relative new comers Alpenfohn. Hard to pronounce and even harder to spell, but let's not underestimate them. With each manufacturer pitching a twin tower and a single tower into the arena it's time to see how they measure up.
Where would we be without the numbers? If you're a geek, and we know you are, it's top trumps time chaps so get your pad and pens out and get this lot down.
A truly huge cooler, sporting a 120mm and 140mm fans, it's 8x6mm heat pipes and huge contact plate should be enough to spirit that heat away from the CPU.
|Type||Twin Stack Twin fan|
|Weight (gr)||1050 (without fans)|
|Heat pipes||8 x 6mm|
1x140mm @ 1100rpm
1x120mm @ 1500rpm
Alpenfohn Matterhorn Pure
A classic Single tower design, with aluminium fins fed from a copper contact plate via 6 heatpipes the Matterhorn has some interesting fin designs which hope to enable it to maintain heat exchange even at low fan speeds.
|Type||Single Stack, Single Fan|
|Heat pipes||6 x 6mm|
|Fans||1x120mm @ 500-1500rpm|
A twin stack design, but not in the classic sense. With one of the towers angled over through 90 digress the genesis not only provides CPU cooling but also benefits your RAM, Mosfet, Northbridge and VRMs.
|Type||Twin Stack Twin fan|
|Weight (gr)||800 (withot fans)|
|Heat pipes||6 x 6mm|
2x140mm (Not included)
2x120mm (Not included)
Prolimatech Megahalem Black
It's "Back in Black". The well regarded Megahalem with a single tower and 6x6mm heatpipes has changed its clothes and is ready to do battle.
|Name||Prolimatech Megahalem Black|
|Type||Single Stack Single/Twin fan (optional)|
|Cost||£49.99 (fans not included)|
|Dimensions||130x74x158 (without fans)|
|Weight (gr)||790 (without fans)|
|Heat pipes||6 x 6mm|
|Fans||2x120mm (Not included)|
Intel i7 3960X
Stock@ 1.1v (undervolted)
4.0GHz @ 1.25v
4.4GHz @ 1.35v
4.6GHz @ 1.45v
Gigabyte X79 UD3
Corsair Vengeance LP Memory
Corsair HX850 V2
Corsair Force GT 60GB
Coolermaster Storm Trooper
As you can see from the detail above we'll be testing our coolers at varying levels of overclock and increasing levels of voltage. this in turn of course means increasing levels of heat which the coolers need to dissipate. To begin with we start with the undervolted stock speed. Why undervolted? well if you have things set on "Auto", you may well be using more volts than are actually required to run at the chosen frequency, for example our 3960s will run quite happily at just 1.1volts, solid as a rock, 24/7, and as such we use this as our starting point.
Continuity is very important in testing, and for this reason we keep as many of the potential variables as locked down as possible. We will be using OCCT in Linpack X64, AVX compatible with all logical cores tested and 90% free memory utilised. The test is set up to run automatically with just a few clicks to set it going. A 10 minute idle followed by 30 minutes of testing and a 5 minute cool down is the order of the day and brings the total test time per clock speed to 45 minutes. So as to remove subjectivity in determining whether a CPU has failed, OCCT is set to stop the test and register a fail should the max temp exceed 80 degrees. In testing we noted that if even one of the cores exceeds 82 degrees OCCT halts the test and a fail is recorded.
Turning now to the 4GHz test we up the voltage to 1.25 volts, this is what is deemed normally as stock volts. Something we are always harping on about on the forums is AUTO does not mean stock volts, and normally if you overclocking with "auto" volts the motherboard will be upping the volts much more than needed if you were to do it manually. By whichever means it happens, upping the volts (especially from our 1.1v undervolt) does have a big impact on temps, with an average increase of 10-15 degrees seen in the results.
Upping the volts still further we achieve a stable 4.4gHz overclock at 1.35 Volts. It's here we start to separate the wheat from the chaff, with lesser coolers not able to disperse the increased heat effectively. Again we see an jump of 10 degrees or so from the figures at 4GHz. Both the H100 and the well respected D14 are creeping into the 70s here, indicating that only the cream of the crop will excel at this level.
Conclusion and Awards
Although a "friendly" it looks like the match here today was no less fiercely contested. With both Prolimatech and Alpenfohn standing toe to toe, were we really expecting anything less. The four coolers on test today can be split into two groups. Two big twin stack, twin fan units, one from each of the manufacturers and two of the more classic single stack single fan design, again one from each of the manufacturers on test today.
Prolimatech Magahalem "Black"
It's fair to say we get a good few coolers through our TIM stained hands here at OC3D, and in general build quality varies little from unit to unit, with most companies on the whole producing sound engineering at a reasonable level of quality. The Prolimatech Megahalem "Black" however is a definite cut above the average with regards to build quality and presentation. The sleek satin black colouring of the unit aside the Megahalem simply oozes quality, put it this way, It's rare for us to take a cooler out of the box and just spend a few minutes handling (if not actually fondling) one of the retention brackets. Made from a thick billet of Aluminium with precision cross cuts and black anodised finish we defy you not to have a quick stroke of it before guiltily slipping it back into its plastic sheath. As with all units on test the fitting of the unit was simplicity itself, with a central bar clamping the contact plate in place between 2 parallel retention brackets either side of the CPU. As Prolimatech do not supply fans with either of the units on test we opted to match the "Black" up with a single 120mm, 1600rpm Prolimatech Vortex fan. If you're planning on buying the Black, it's worth factoring in that the cost of a fan, which with a half decent unit costing about £10 brings the cost of the Black up to £60. In use the Black faired reasonably well at the undervolted stock frequency, able to keep the max temp under 50 degrees, the same as the much larger Alpenfohn K2, but with 7v fan speed reducer in place, making the K2 a much quieter option. At 4.0GHz things start to get a bit toasty for the Black, with average max temps hitting 65 degrees, making the highest result of the coolers on test This temp was not entirely unexpected, and wasn't exactly way higher than the competition. It was however a bit of a hint that the Black was not to make it through the much more demanding 4.4 and 4.6GHz tests, maxing out above the 80 degrees limit only seconds into the test and automatically triggering the end of the test period for the Black.
Turning to the first of the big boys now and the Prolimetech Genesis. Eschewing the traditional "Fan sandwich" design of most twin stacks, with the Genesis Prolimatech have chosen to rotate one of the stacks through 90 degrees. In this configuration the vertical stack gives optimum cooling to the CPU, whilst the horizontal stack provides cooling for the Motherboard, RAM and Northbridge areas. In practice it worked better than we expected, fitted with a pair of 140mm 1000 rpm Prolimatech Vortex fans, at stock clock and undervolted the Genesis didn't exceed 47 degrees, which was actually 2 degrees cooler than its main rival in this test; the K2 and considerably quieter. Pushing the clocks and volts up to the next level saw the Genesis hit an average max of 62.5, this time 3.5 degrees warmer than the K2 showing perhaps the limitations of the split stack design. Still, we were hopeful of a pass at 4.4 but sadly it was not to be, with one of the cores exceeding the 80 degree limit about half way into the test. It has to be said that the Genesis was built to the very same high standards as the Megahalem Black, and should you desire something a bit sexier than the naked Aluminium it's also available in black! It's hard to ignore Prolimatech's build quality and finish, however with high prices and the need to buy fans on top of the cost of the cooler it's also hard to ignore the high cost of their coolers, for example pair of £15 140mm fans will bring the cost of the Genesis to an eye watering £90 . Couple this with a level of performance on a par with cheaper coolers and it's hard to justify an award for this cooler. Yes it has great build quality, and yes it provides RAM and mobo cooling, but so do many others, and at nothing like the price of the Genesis.
Alpenfohn Matterhohn "Pure"
The Alpenfohn Matterhorn Pure is a very similar unit to the Black, being approximately the same size and combining the same sort of materials, with both having a vertical stack of aluminium fins and both having 6x6mm copper heatpipes. However, as the "Pure" is a good £30 cheaper than the Black, and comes with a rather sexy rubberised 120mm fan, you're not going to have to part with one of your Kindeys to buy one. Half the price of the Black then , but are you getting half the performance? Well no, actually you're getting slightly better performance, granted not by much, at 49 degrees the Pure is only 1 degree lower than the Black at stock, but at 4.0GHz the gap widens slightly with the Pure shaving 3 degrees of the Black coming in with an average max of 62 degrees. With this slightly lower temp at 4.0GHz we were hopeful of a pass at 4.4GHz but sadly it was not to be. It did get further into the test but like the Black, maxed out over the 80 degree threshold, triggering an automatic fail. We make the rules, and we stick to em as they say.
And finally we come to the mighty K2. Although having an arguably greater physical presence than the other coolers on test here today the K2 is actually only 160mm in height, so should fit easily into all but the smallest mid tower ATX cases. Like the Pure the K2 comes with sexy black rubberised fans, this time however in addition to the 1500rpm 120mm unit we have an added 1100rpm 140mm unit. As the K2 also comes with a 7v fan speed reduction cable we also tested at the full fan speeds of the 12v supply as well as the reduced speeds enabled by the 7v cable, a full 4.5 hours of testing in case you're wondering. From the off it's fair to say we weren't impressed with the K2s performance at the lower 7v fan speeds. the fans at 12v are quiet anyway so little is gained from the reduction in speed, but a great deal is lost in cooling performance, with a max temp of 55 degrees at stock and a max of 71 degrees at just 4.0GHz and with one of the cores hovering around the 78 degrees mark for the majority of the testing the K2 came dangerously close to failing the test. And fail it did at both 4.4 and 4.6GHz. With the full fat 12v supply however the K2 performs substantially better. With a max temp of 59 degrees the K2 records the lowest temp of the testing at 4.0 Ghz, and with a max temp of 73 degrees at 4.4GHz becomes the first of the air coolers tested on the 2011 chipset to pass this demanding test. Although the K2 gave the best performance of any of the coolers on test here, that's not to say it's going to stand well in the charts once they start to fill out a bit. Our experience of the K2 on the old i7 950 chip leads us to believe that by comparison it's performance may well be easily bettered, not least by the D14 reviewed by Tom as a comparison benchmark in the AIO watercooling tests. It scrapes a Broze, but only just.
You can discuss your thoughts on this review in the OC3D Forums. | <urn:uuid:c812db45-8d89-4e5f-a8e6-4fec48ca0fc9> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://overclock3d.net/print/alpenfohn_vs_prolimatech_air_cooler_review | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279489.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00015-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.944853 | 3,066 | 1.59375 | 2 |
The Irish name for Newrath is An Ráth Nua
Newrath is on Logainm.ie: Newrath.
It is located at 53° 47' 37" N, 6° 50' 28" W.
Newrath has an area of:
Nationwide, it is the 25214th largest townland that we know about
Within Co. Meath, it is the 786th largest townland
Newrath borders the following other townlands:
Curious to see who lived in Newrath in the past? Maybe even seeing scans of their handwritten census returns?
Newrath was added to OpenStreetMap on 8 Mar 2015 by brianboru. | <urn:uuid:c84ff111-213f-439d-84f1-28fe0cc3633c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.townlands.ie/meath/lower-kells/kilbeg/newtown/newrath/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00666.warc.gz | en | 0.96219 | 149 | 1.945313 | 2 |
lets users pay for virtual goods
using their mobile phones.
Martin said virtual goods
allow developers to earn recurring revenue from heavily used apps, making the business appealing.
It said the worldwide market for the sale of virtual goods
In YouNow's highly gamified ecosystem, live broadcasters interact with audiences who reward them directly through in-app virtual good
According to the report, virtual goods
and the micro-transactions revenue model are expected to grow in the coming years.
Thanks to Zynga's virtual goods
, it has a constant stream of cash coming in each month.
London, January 18 (ANI): Britons are apparently shelling out more than 500 million pounds a year to buy virtual goods
on social networking and dating sites.
Customers can easily and securely buy virtual goods
and services on their mobile device with one single tap.
Extended functionality of the animations is also offered as supplementary Virtual Goods
by MemeSpeak Inc.
Mumbai, July 17 (ANI/Business Wire India): PlaySpanT, the leader in monetization solutions for online games, virtual worlds, and social networks, today announced a new marketplace storefront for Facebook, and coming soon to MySpace, which enables consumers to purchase online game items, virtual goods
, and game currencies from many of today's most popular online games and applications.
The Inside Virtual Goods
research series is part of Inside Network Research, a subscription service focused on data and analysis in the Facebook and mobile ecosystems.
SP Cloud Goods is cloud-based game hosting and management system where video game developers can add and remove virtual goods
from the game, manage players, manage virtual store pricing, and view vital game and player statistics. | <urn:uuid:49c2f571-a417-4694-8a5a-258e9cf2e806> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://financial-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Virtual+Goods | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279915.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00278-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.910784 | 349 | 1.507813 | 2 |
Georgina has been writing about science and conservation for over ten years - online, print and for NGOs and a UN agency. Ever since hearing the mating call of a tortoise -something between the rumbling of a whale and a vuvuzela-on the small island of Ile Aigrettes in Mauritius, Georgina has been hooked on reptiles and endangered creatures. Originally from Australia, Georgina recommends that travellers look under the waters for the real beauty of Sydney--it is there that you will see the glorious wobbegong carpet shark.
Three mountain gorillas – including twins, were born early this month in Volcanoes National Park in northwestern Rwanda, bordering Virunga National Park in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
This is only the second time that twin gorillas have been born in the park since 2004 and only the fifth case recorded in over 40 years of gorilla monitoring in Rwanda.
Twins born to Kabatwa in Volanoes National Park in Rwanda. Photos provided by J. Damascene HAKIZIMANA with the Rwanda Development Board (RDB).
Twins that were born in the park in 2004 are still thriving, although it is rare for a mother gorilla to be able to look after two babies. | <urn:uuid:a4316109-6c56-4562-aad9-03a162983972> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.fauna-flora.org/news/three-new-baby-mountain-gorillas-in-rwanda-are-welcome-news-for-the-region/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00478.warc.gz | en | 0.954801 | 256 | 2.140625 | 2 |
What does Kaitlan mean?
Associated with: pure (virgin).
Kaitlan has 18 variants: Caetlin, Caitlan, Caitlann, Caitlinn, Caitlyn▼, Caitlyne, Caitlynn▼, Catlain, Catlin, Catline, Catlyn, Catlynn, Kaitlann, Kaitleen, Kaitlinn, Kaitlyn▼, Kaitlynn▼ and Kaitlynne.Creative forms:
(female) Kaillan, Kaitla, ..
(male) Kaitan, Kaitman, .. Middle name pairings:
Kaitlan Darla (K.D.), ..
How popular is Kaitlan?
Kaitlan is an uncommonly occurring first name for females. Kaitlan is an equivalently unusual last name too for all people. (2000 U.S. Census)
Kaitlan was first listed in 1990 and reached its top rank of #1460 in the U.S. then, but is not listed currently. (2015 Birth Statistics)
Which version is better?with its source forms and related girl names. Kaitlyn (#197 in 2015), Katelyn (#239), Caitlyn (#599), Caitlin (#609), Kaitlynn (#997), Cailyn (#1343), Kaitlin (#1347), Kathlyn, Katelin, Caitlan, Caitlynn and Catlin are the popular alternative forms of Kaitlan ranked in the Top 2000. Other variants, like Caitlann, are seldom used. Adoption of these forms of Kaitlan was common in 2000 (usage of 1.7%) and is now significantly less (usage 0.3%, ▼84%), with forms such as Katelyn becoming somewhat dated.
Kaitlan is pronounced similarly to Kaitlinne, Katleen, Katlin▼, Katline, Katlyn▼, Katlyne, Katlynn and Kitlyn. Other recommended names are Caelan, Callan, Gillan, Jaylan, Jillan, Kaala, Kaela▼, Kahla, Kaia▲, Kaija, Kaila▼, Kailagh, Kailah, Kailan, Kailani▲, Kaileen, Kailie, Kailin, Kailyn, Kaira, Kait, Kaite, Kaitie, Kaitrin, Kaitrina, Kaitrine, Kaity, Kala▼, Kalan, Kalila, Kalla, Kallan, Kamlyn, Kamyla, Karalyn, Karan, Karelyn, Karilyn, Karita, Karla▼, Karlah, Karlen, Karlin, Karlla, Karlyn, Karman, Karolin, Karolyn, Kata, Katalin, Katana, Katha, Katia, Katilyn, Katla, Katlaina, Katya, Kayla▼, Kaylah, Kaylan, Kaylin, Kaylla, Kaylyn, Keelan, Keitha, Kellan and Kristian▼. These names tend to be more commonly used than Kaitlan.See names in meaning and etymology. | <urn:uuid:79699033-fe9d-4fe2-a2b7-36c826cb9289> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/0/Kaitlan | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279189.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00063-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.860153 | 675 | 2.046875 | 2 |
A nice bright white coin that would fit well in a high grade type set.
- Contains .7874 oz of Silver.
- NGC encapsulation protects and guarantees the MS-61 condition.
- Obverse: Features Lady Liberty seated upon a bale of merchandise, with a foundation of “In God We Trust,” with a ribbon in her left hand inscribed “Liberty” and a bundle of wheat behind her as she sits next to coastal waters.
- Reverse: Depicts an eagle clutching three arrows and an olive branch with its wings outstretched.
- This coin was minted in San Francisco and carries an “S” mintmark.
Protect your Trade Dollar by adding a protective presentation box to your order.
The Trade Dollar remains highly collectible due to its uniqueness and Silver content. Add this 1876-S Trade Dollar to your cart today!
The U.S. Trade dollar was created for use in the Orient, in hopes that American trade could be carried out with them instead of Spanish or Mexican dollars. In the five-year run that Trade Dollars were minted, less than 36 million pieces were struck. | <urn:uuid:fb45e3bf-ec21-4269-aa2b-cdaf4472c655> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.apmex.com/product/97359/1876-s-trade-dollar-ms-61-ngc | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281450.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00179-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.955323 | 240 | 1.875 | 2 |
Location-based social network Foursquare has quietly added the incredibly welcome ability to hide home addresses to its privacy features.
One of the biggest problems I’ve always had when scanning my friends’ Foursqaure check-ins has been seeing people checking in at their homes. While theoretically you’re sharing with just friends, surely there are at least a few people you’d prefer not to show off their exact address. Furthermore, many people who are the “mayor” of their home have that info listed on their public profiles under “mayorships,” meaning anyone who knows your name could find your address.
Thankfully this new update, which was first noticed by the About Foursquare blog, will help alleviate most of these concerns. Users can now obscure their address by categorizing it as a “Home” in the system. The picture above, for example, shows my friend Andrew’s home as just the general area in the part of Brooklyn where he lives.
Of course, you have to take initiative to protect your privacy. Venues that aren’t categorized as a Home will still show exact addresses. If your home address is listed on Foursquare without your consent, you can use the Report a Problem link to let Foursquare staff know it needs to be categorized as a Home.
Social networks that include location elements have always struggled with privacy. Location tagging on Twitter, for example, can be dicey because if you forget to turn it off and you tweet at home, the world will see where you live. But since social networking and location-based networks are still relatively young, we should see more privacy features like this one from Foursquare to help bring peace of mind to more users.
Are you happy Foursquare has finally added this feature? | <urn:uuid:f7d1e34c-3abe-48a2-a563-bc565b4f3f05> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://venturebeat.com/2011/09/20/foursquare-home-address-private/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280763.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00517-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.967058 | 383 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Magnesium gluconate is used to treat low blood magnesium. Low blood magnesium is caused by gastrointestinal disorders, prolonged vomiting or diarrhea, kidney disease, or certain other conditions. Certain drugs lower magnesium levels as well.
This medication is sometimes prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.
Magnesium gluconate comes as a tablet and liquid to take by mouth. It usually is taken two to four times a day, depending on your condition. Follow the directions on your prescription label or package label carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part you do not understand. Take magnesium gluconate exactly as directed. Do not take more or less of it or take it more often than prescribed by your doctor.
To prevent side effects, magnesium gluconate should be taken with meals. If you are taking an extended-release (long-acting) product, do not chew or crush the tablet. There are some tablets that can be crushed and mixed with food.
Before taking magnesium gluconate,
A balanced diet usually provides enough magnesium. Sometimes supplements are necessary because of illness or medication use. Magnesium is found in a variety of foods, including green leafy vegetables, nuts, peas, beans, and cereal grains with the outer layers intact.
A high-fat diet may decrease the amount of magnesium you absorb from your diet. Over-cooking food also may decrease the amount of magnesium you absorb from your food. Follow the diet recommended by your doctor or dietitian. Ask if you are not sure you are getting enough vitamins and minerals.
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember it. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Magnesium gluconate may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if either of these symptoms is severe or does not go away:
If you experience any of the following symptoms, call your doctor immediately:
If you experience a serious side effect, you or your doctor may send a report to the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) MedWatch Adverse Event Reporting program online [at Web Site] or by phone [1-800-332-1088].
Keep this medication in the container it came in, tightly closed, and out of reach of children. Store it at room temperature and away from excess heat and moisture (not in the bathroom). Throw away any medication that is outdated or no longer needed. Talk to your pharmacist about the proper disposal of your medication.
In case of overdose, call your local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. If the victim has collapsed or is not breathing, call local emergency services at 911.
Keep all appointments with your doctor and the laboratory. Your doctor will order certain lab tests to check your response to magnesium gluconate.
Do not let anyone else take your medication. Ask your pharmacist any questions you have about refilling your prescription.
It is important for you to keep a written list of all of the prescription and nonprescription (over-the-counter) medicines you are taking, as well as any products such as vitamins, minerals, or other dietary supplements. You should bring this list with you each time you visit a doctor or if you are admitted to a hospital. It is also important information to carry with you in case of emergencies.
AHFS® Consumer Medication Information. © Copyright, The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc., 7272 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, Maryland. All Rights Reserved. Duplication for commercial use must be authorized by ASHP.
Last Reviewed: September 1, 2010. | <urn:uuid:2fef4735-2cdc-41b2-89d6-d377f4924d68> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.lifescript.com/health/centers/adhd_adult/alternative_treatments/magnesium_articles/magnesium_gluconate.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281331.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00224-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.926428 | 776 | 2.4375 | 2 |
McCandless’s self-reliance is a big part of identifying him as transcendentalist. In the short story, “Death of an Innocent”, Chris says, “I've decided that I'm going to live this life for some time to come. The freedom and simple beauty of it is just too good to pass up.” McCandless feels that life should not be wasted doing what you do not love, and shows this by traveling and living off the land every chance he gets. Transcendentalists take in all of what nature has to give them by becoming one with it; like McCandless does throughout the story.
He desired to live off the land and travel across North America. One explorer who is similar to chris is Reinhold Messner. Explorers are motivated to leave their life behind and go on an adventure because of them being the center of their own existence, their mistakes turning into misery and them rejecting the established norms in society. McCandless had exceptional reasons for leaving home and taking on the life of a homeless person living in the wild. McCandless wanted to experience this type of individuality and to experience the life that Henry David
Family, friends, and possessions pressure individuals through the imposition of values that contribute to identity; we are told that we obtain our qualities simply by inheritance and association. The environment one chooses to surround themselves reflects similar learned behaviors and thought processes. Deviating from the norm is often contemptible, but natural, according to author Jon Krakauer. Realizing that he did not want to become a carbon copy of his parents and environment, Christopher McCandless wandered the American West for two years, as a nomad, to reject society as he knows it―his family, friends, and possessions. He burns his money, abandons his car, and cuts all ties with his family on an identity crisis that would lead to his death in the inhospitable Alaskan tundra.
Lastly, the real reason for this quest and that being a strong will of survival. Pi has to find land to save not only his life, but to find out if his family or any of the animals survived as well. The sad reality was he never did find his family, but he was gifted with the wisdom and the strength of his family or even possibly his religion to save himself from a certain
Some would say “Life on the road is suited for everyone”, others such as for myself, would disagree. Life on the road is not suited for everyone, because not everyone can throw away their normal life and go on the road or the wilderness and survive like Chris McCandless. Some would think, Chris McCandless, was on a suicide mission but he was only following his dreams and he actually did, unlike many people. Chris McCandless inspired so many people to move out, leave their old lives, and have a fresh start at their life. Chris McCandless was a independent person and he was trying to get away from civilization because he felt like he never fit into it.
Thoreau’s purpose is to live a simple life. He doesn't want to live the fast life, he wants to see every detail there is and obtain everything life offers. Thoreau wanted to die knowing he lived what life was meant to be. “I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived.” This is an antithesis because Thoreau supports his decision on going into to the woods by saying if he didn't, he would regret it.
Going into the wild and abandoning all that you know and love is such a hard task to do. Chris McCandless is a brave soul for going on that journey to find himself and discover who he truly is. Living in complete solitude with nature was his solution to his personal issues at home and inside his head. He longed for complete happiness and believed he could discover it on his journey to Alaska. Anthony Storr, a noted psychiatrist explains, "creative attitude and the ability to have peak experiences depends upon being free of other people...", and I agree with this idea.
Chris Mccandless was a smart, able and talented guy, he wanted to break away from society, live off the land and survive on his own, and find himself. He did, but at the cost of his life, and with one simple mistake he died in the Alaskan wilderness. Mccandless hoped to gain one thing from his life in the brush, and that was autonomy, a sense that he, Christopher Mccandless, could survive, all by himself in the wilds of America. One of his goals, in his search for the self, was to “Become Lost in The Wild” (163) and live off whatever kind of lands he found himself in. Chris accomplished this in his 2 years among strangers, tramps, and eventually new friends.
(Shteyngart). This quote describes how at the end of the story the son ended up sticking to his native culture even though he had the opportunity abandon it, he came to that decision because he realized his culture is what made him who he was and that his family is the only thing he has. Shteyngart’s and Yezierska’s short story demonstrates there is not just one version of the American dream, the American
He wasn’t afraid of not coming back alive. So when he went into the wild in Alaska, Chris felt like he was for sure going to come back and publish the book that he has written throughout his journey to show others that taking risks like this is totally okay. Unfortunately for Chris it wasn’t okay. I believe that he did not intend to “kill himself” for going into the wild with basically nothing.
At the end of Chapter 3, Krakauer says, “Driving out west of Atlanta, [Chris McCandless] intended to invent an utterly new life for himself... He was now Alexander Supertramp, master of his own destiny” (Krakauer 23). These assertions are believable as McCandless cut off his past by creating a new identity for himself and ceasing communication with his family. McCandless introduced himself as Alex to all of the people he met on his odyssey and he rarely spoke about his past before hitchhiking. McCandless introduced himself as “Just Alex” (Krakauer 4) to Gallien and as Alex when he worked for Wayne Westerberg in Carthage, South Dakota.
Michael rushed out of the car to try to help the man which once he guided him out turned out to be only 14. Michael let him borrow one of his oxygen tanks from when he was scuba diving in San Francisco and told him to breath in it to help him. He then asked him if he was out of his mind why he was in the middle of the fire. He then said “To save this little guy.” And then pulled out a little rabbit he had in his jacket.
It contributing the mood in the book. Santiago was finally at the pyramids, and was digging the hole that he had chosen, but he found nothings. Later, some figures stole his gold and start to beat him because they thought Santiago had more than that. Santiago was finally in the Pyramids, but he found nothings. He already sacrificed staying with Fatima and he gave all his money away, he had nothing but felt near death.
“Look deep into nature, and then you will understand everything better”-Albert Einstein. Chris McCandless had to find out who he truly was as an individual by leaping out into the wild and isolating himself. The inspirations of Jack London, Henry David Thoreau and Leo Tolstoy guided Chris into the wild of the unknown to search for true bliss and meaning to his life. He believed that that in order to be one with oneself you must remove yourself out of society and push yourself physically and mentally to take in and comprehend the fullest understanding of life. Chris grew up never worrying about money, easily relating to Tolstoy in the sense of their family being well supported.
The American dream is something that we all strive for in one way or another. Whether it’s being equal to the people around you, or having freedom to be successful in whatever you want in life. But for the characters in Of Mice and Men it is the dream of owning land and being independent from everyone else. But the American Dream is not something that is given to you, it includes work ethic, knowing that the dream may be impossible and the sacrifice that may have to be made. These are all things that George and Lennie and other characters in the book have to do to eventually reach the American dream. | <urn:uuid:c6fba0b0-013c-4ab8-8402-f8463840468b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ipl.org/essay/Chris-Mccandless-Transcendentalism-P3HE9MHESCF6 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573744.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819161440-20220819191440-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.988231 | 1,855 | 2.921875 | 3 |
Many scientists want to keep their data and resources free; cybersecurity specialists want them under lock and key. Jeffrey Perkel reports.
In 2002, bioinformatician Mark Gerstein and his colleagues set up a server to host some commonly used genomics databases. Operating within this was a free software application called Snort, which actively monitors anomalies in web traffic, surreptitious scans and server nudges that might be attempts to compromise a system's integrity. Then the researchers watched and waited.
Seven months later, the picture that emerged was one of a network under siege. "If you put up a server, it just continuously gets barraged," says Gerstein of Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut. Most days, the server was hit ten times or fewer, but on occasion the hit count spiked into the thousands1. Not all of those hits were attacks, Gerstein notes, but many were. On two high-hit days, for example, more than 90% of events attempted to induce a 'buffer overflow', whereby superfluous amounts of data are written into a system's memory in an attempt to make it fail, opening it up to exploitation.
In the face of such a relentless onslaught, most ventures onto the World Wide Web should be taken with caution. Having a graduate student with little experience set up a website could be disastrous, Gerstein says. Entering either through poorly written code or open ports — digital entry points into computer hardware and operating systems — hackers could deface the content on the site or, worse, install malicious software on the machine running it. Attacks can run the gamut from the installation of programs intended to co-opt system resources to keystroke loggers and scanning software designed to purloin user information and passwords. Some hackers target university systems to steal computing resources or even intellectual property — proprietary compounds, instrument designs, patient data and personal communications. Hacking is suspected in the November 2009 release of e-mails from the Climatic Research Unit at the University of East Anglia, UK, which resulted in a global crisis of confidence in climate science.
"There is no sector that has been able to withstand this onslaught of intrusions," warns Steven Chabinsky, deputy assistant director in the cyber division of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) in Washington DC.
Protecting research data presents particular challenges. Most information-technology (IT) professionals suggest ensuring that large or sensitive data stores are managed by a centralized IT team that can monitor and administer systems, keeping a close watch over traffic and limiting access. But this can conflict with the ethos of researchers who need such systems to be accessed by a wide variety of students, postdocs and collaborators. "Universities tend to be fairly open kinds of environments," says John McCanny, lead scientist at the Centre for Secure Information Technologies at Queen's University Belfast, UK. And some researchers bristle at the idea of losing control. "I'd rather be insecure and free," says Phillip Zamore, a biologist at the University of Massachusetts Medical School in Worcester.
It is a rough world in which to take such a stance. Michael Corn, chief privacy and security officer at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, estimates that each day his university's firewalls block some two million to three million scans — essentially Internet drive-bys looking for open communications ports. A "significant percentage" of these, he says, are likely to stem from "professionals in the employ of organized crime or possibly state actors". The network at the San Diego Supercomputer Center of the University of California, San Diego, logged an average of 27,000 intrusion attempts per day during the first three months of 2010, according to Dallas Thornton, division director of the university's cyberinfrastructure services. Thornton says that this number actually underestimates the problem, because many common attacks are simply ignored.
Researchers are the best in the world at basically ignoring the administration. ,
Successful intrusions are rarer. Until recently, the Educational Security Incidents website (http://www.adamdodge.com/esi) reported breaches in cybersecurity for higher education, recording nearly 500 incidents of data theft, loss or exposure between July 2005 and December 2009. Most of these occurred in the United States; just 10 occurred in the United Kingdom, 11 in Canada and 8 in Japan. But that may be just the tip of the iceberg; most incidents go unreported, says Chabinsky. McCanny reports that cybercrime's growth in the United Kingdom has greatly outpaced expectation. "The train is coming down the track much faster than most people would have anticipated even 15 months ago," he says.
EDUCAUSE, a non-profit organization of higher-education IT professionals, undertakes annual surveys of academic chief information officers. The 2009 survey ranked security third overall among IT problems facing higher-education institutions today2. Security officers in such institutions face two crucial problems. One is funding, which ranked first in the survey. The chemistry department at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, for instance, has one IT person overseeing 1,300 computers used by 500 staff and several thousand students. In such a climate, says departmental chairman Robert Hamers, "it's just very limiting in terms of what you can actually expect one person to do". Last year, Hamers' department suffered a breach. In the absence of a firewall (now installed), foreign hackers infiltrated 40 computers, installing software that turned those systems into file-sharing servers for copyrighted music, movies and television programmes.
The other problem, says Alan Paller, director of research at the cybersecurity-focused SANS Institute in Bethesda, Maryland, is researcher independence. Academic researchers need to be able to install software on demand, to collaborate with colleagues, to develop new tools for public or private consumption, and to cater for an ever-changing and heterogeneous user base. Besides that, "researchers are the best in the world at basically ignoring the administration", says Paller. In 2006, a researcher at Georgetown University in Washington DC independently decided to migrate a server handling confidential patient data from an IT-monitored UNIX system to an unmonitored Windows one. The server was hacked, and the names, birth dates and social-security numbers of some 41,000 individuals may have been accessed. The university was legally obliged to notify each of them.
Such incidents, says Brian Voss, chief information officer at Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge, mostly occur when researchers strike out on their own. "It's like herding cats," he says. "The challenge is, how do you get them all under the umbrella?"
Generally, universities do that by promoting the benefits of their centralized services. Many academic institutions offer a battery of common but effective defences — everything from pushing operating system and antivirus patches out to users, to remotely monitoring network traffic, to the establishment of secure virtual private networks for encrypted communication and virtual machines. Virtual machines are hardware surrogates: although users can interface as if they are working on physical computers or web servers, they're actually just working through windows running on a centralized host computer.
Gerstein says that most of his lab is set up on a framework of virtual machines. This allows him and his colleagues to maintain back-ups for all the resources they put up on the web. "If something gets hacked into, we are not as worried any more," he says, "because we can roll back really easily and then put the thing back up."
The best way to secure a computer is to remove the keyboard, then the human cannot make a mistake. ,
The American University in Washington DC also offers virtual-machine services to its faculty members, says chief information officer David Swartz, who (with Voss) co-chairs the EDUCAUSE Higher Education Information Security Council. "If they need a server I say, 'Come to me, I'll set you up'," Swartz says. The resulting sites are professionally secured, continuously monitored, and easily backed up and restored. And in the event of a breach, that intrusion is often effectively contained by virtue of the virtual machines' isolated architecture.
Cybercrime is evolving rapidly. At the University of Nevada in Las Vegas, Lori Temple, vice-provost for information technology, says she is seeing increased intrusion through social-networking sites. Facebook games and images, for example, are particularly problematic, she says. "As much as you try to be ahead, you are almost always one step behind."
How much individual researchers need to worry depends on their own cost–benefit analysis, says Chabinsky — a reflection of the value of the data's confidentiality and integrity both to the researcher and his or her competitors. Many will calculate that they have little cause for concern, save the loss or corruption of their own data, which can be mitigated by routine back-ups. But for those who must store personal, confidential or economically valuable information, he says, "they should ask some strong questions of their system security providers". They should enquire, for example, about the confidence they have in the systems in place and what additional measures they can take to mitigate risks.
This is especially important as US federal granting agencies are beginning to require certification that sensitive information such as health records will be secured in compliance with the Federal Information Security Management Act of 2002. "An incident at the university could cause more than public embarrassment or a lawsuit," says Swartz, "it might actually cause the loss of federal grants."
Ultimately, preemptive training might be the most cost-effective weapon IT departments have. Knowledge, after all, is power (see 'Ten tips for cybersecure science'). Especially given that no amount of infrastructure can overcome user carelessness. In 2007, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign suffered a breach in which a spreadsheet containing the personal information of 5,247 students was accidentally e-mailed to 700 unauthorized individuals.
As Marty Lindner, a principal engineer in the computer emergency response team (CERT) at the Carnegie Mellon Software Engineering Institute programme in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, says: "The best way to secure a computer is to remove the keyboard, because then the human cannot make a mistake."
Smith, A., Greenbaum, D., Douglas, S. M., Long, M. & Gerstein, M. Genome Biol. 6, 119 (2005).
Agee, A. S. et al. EDUCASE Rev. 44, 44-59 (2009).
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Perkel, J. Cybersecurity: How safe are your data?. Nature 464, 1260–1261 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1038/4641260a | <urn:uuid:1d4b58e7-3f16-4fcc-bc81-7c6c07166cce> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.nature.com/articles/4641260a?error=cookies_not_supported&code=dd7dc392-b06e-4ec4-a6f2-2728e537d959 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.945662 | 2,238 | 3 | 3 |
Find Soundex Code for Surname
Soundex is a method of coding surnames based on how a surname sounds rather than how it is spelled. Surnames such as Smith and Smyth, which sound the same but are spelled differently, will have the same code.
The Soundex coding system was developed so that you can find a surname even though it was recorded under various spellings or misspellings. Most databases here at Maine Genealogy may be searched by Soundex code. | <urn:uuid:a6e88e4e-baaf-4439-b1b4-d9405f062acf> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.mainegenealogy.net/soundex_converter.asp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280825.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00204-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.965428 | 100 | 2.375 | 2 |
In Somali culture, women don’t strive to become police officers, Kadra Mohamed said.
On Saturday morning, Mohamed was recognized as the first Somali-American woman to join the St. Paul Police Department, a move made possible by the department’s announcement that it has approved an option for employees to wear a police-issued hijab.
“It’s nerve-wracking in a way,” Mohamed, 21, said of being the first woman of Somali descent in the department. “I want to be a good role model for others, especially Somali women.”
Mohamed was recognized at the police’s Western District building during a graduation ceremony for youth who recently completed the East African Junior Police Academy.
Police Chief Thomas Smith said St. Paul joins at least one other department — in Washington, D.C. — as the only departments in the U.S. to allow the hijab, a head scarf worn in public by some Muslim women.
Read more: Twin Cities | <urn:uuid:9e785952-69b6-4d1b-9690-8f53f377e2ab> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://clashdaily.com/2014/03/butt-kissers-st-paul-police-dept-bows-approves-police-issued-hijab/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280266.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00503-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96171 | 210 | 1.828125 | 2 |
What do the Elio, Aptera, Toyota i-Road concept and the spectacularly awful Zap Xebra have in common?
They — and many more small-volume economical vehicles and concepts besides — all use one fewer wheel than the norm.
Yet giving fuel-saving cars just three wheels is not a new phenomenon, it stretches right back to the dawn of the motor car — with periodic resurgences in popularity when the market demands it.
Depending on what history book you read, the world’s very first true motorcar, the 1886 Benz Patent Motorwagen, rolled along on just three wheels.
It had been preceded by several similar vehicles, often steam-powered, whose layouts were dictated by the simplicity of tiller steering for the single front wheel.
And, with less than one horsepower, and very tall, widely-spaced wheels, Karl Benz’s customers never really had to worry about the lack of stability that would characterize a similar layout decades later.
In 1910, one of the world’s most famous three-wheel car producers was formed: Morgan. Still around today, the Morgan sports car company turned to three wheels for the simple construction and weight benefits they presented.
These are still beneficial to the company today with the latest iteration of the 3-Wheeler sports car. Narrow tires and a low center of gravity ensure grip runs out before lateral forces become a problem, but the fun factor of such a light car powered by a hefty V-twin engine and rear-wheel drive can’t be understated.
Several other manufacturers introduced three-wheel vehicles between the early 1900s and the middle of the century, but it was the after-effects of World War II that changed the market completely.
Many European countries, crippled both physically and financially following the war, saw demand for cheap transportation that could carry whole families. Materials were in short supply, but the traditional motorcycle and sidecar option was neither safe nor practical enough.
Step forward the microcar: companies like BMW, Messerschmitt, Bond, Reliant and others all took advantage of tax restrictions and new laws by fielding inexpensive but characterful three-wheelers for the next decade or so.
Here were cars that were economical to both buy and run — where light weight, tiny and thrifty engines and dinky size meant that regular families and individuals could afford an actual car. Design was dictated by purpose, but these cars are now appreciated by collectors for their design as much as their motive.
Europe’s market could hardly be in greater contrast to that of the U.S, where a more hopeful and financially flush market turned out some of the most spectacular (and profligate) cars the country has ever produced.
The original Mini and Fiat 500 killed demand for three-wheeled cars in Europe — all of a sudden, here were cars that offered all the benefits of previous microcars for little more money, but a great deal more practicality.
In the 1970s, the fuel crisis changed things again. While American firms reacted by rapidly downsizing engines and strangling the ubiquitous V-8s with fuel injection and emission controls, UK three-wheeler specialist Reliant responded with the Robin. Capable of as much as 60 mpg in normal driving, seating four in its 131-inch frame and weighing in at under 1,100 lbs, its timing was perfect.
America did, briefly, have an equivalent to the Robin. The ‘Dale’ scandal has gone down in automotive industry folklore, but its statistics were remarkably close to that of the Robin.
Conceptualized by the Twentieth Century Motor Car Corporation, the Dale three-wheeler would weigh under 1,000 lbs, achieve 70 mpg and hit 85 mph. The Robin’s own statistics suggest that had it come to fruition, it might well have hit all those targets–but it rapidly transpired that founder Geraldine Elizabeth Carmichael had no plans to put the car into production and instead went into hiding, taking investors’ money with her. She was later arrested and sent to prison for fraud.
Back in the UK, Robin production continued in one form or another right into the early 2000s, aided by the car’s low price, cheap insurance and the fact that drivers who’d earned their driving permit by a certain age could drive one on a motorcycle license alone.
But by the time of its eventual death–after a final, curvy 1990s-style visual update–the product was far outclassed in most areas by more conventional cars. Even so, few could match its economy, particularly for the money.
One that got close was Smart. The only true high-volume microcar of the late 20th and early 21st centuries, the Daimler city car brand has proved that the market for microcars is still there–in Europe, at least–but consumers now prefer their vehicles to have four wheels.
Produced since 1998, Smart has now sold over 1.5 million Fortwo models, and while the company still struggles to make a profit, its high-tech approach is illustrative of the level that auto manufacturers now operate at–and why tiny firms like Reliant faded away just as their counterparts did in the 1960s.
All the while though, kit car manufacturers and those building cars for economy alone have persisted with three wheels. If you’re building a vehicle in your garage (or designing a car for others to do so), three wheels is still one of the simplest and cheapest ways to engineer it.
It’s unsurprising that two of the last decade’s highest-profile green cars have gone down the three-wheel route.
Aptera chose such a layout for its 2e in 2006. Here, the benefit was aerodynamics and low weight–the car’s tadpole-like form could seat two passengers, with two outboard front wheels and a single rear wheel dictated by its shape.
Its smooth lines promised an ultra-low drag coefficient and certainly gave it a futuristic shape, while options for electric power or a hybrid drivetrain ensured it would cover the needs of customers.
Unfortunately, it was not to be. For Aptera to be eligible for loans from the U.S. Department of Energy–like those taken by Tesla and Fisker–it needed four wheels.
While Aptera hastily drew up plans for a conventional four-seat sedan, the company failed to raise the private capital it needed to justify a DoE loan, and closed its doors in December 2011.
Perhaps Elio will be more successful. Its car is a simpler concept, with a small gasoline engine, front wheel drive and a distinctive yet conceptually unremarkable shape.
It seats two, in tandem, and comes with some impressive claims–84 mpg highway and a $6,800 price tag. The firm has a factory, thousands of potentially interested customers and its vehicle has made far more public appearances than Aptera ever did.
As a three-wheeler, it also has a legislative advantage over conventional four-wheeled vehicles. Three-wheelers don’t have to meet the same strict safety standards, for example.
Sure, Aptera and Elio have both claimed big-car safety features from their vehicles–airbags, ABS and the like–but opting for one fewer wheel means much greater freedom in creating a car. Despite the apparent compromise of having just three wheels next to four, the cars can actually be less compromised for the twin benefits of affordability and economy.
We’re yet to see how well Elio will do, even in an increasingly economy-focused market. The firm hasn’t yet began production and few have got to drive its 84 mpg highway-capable 3-wheeler.
But if it succeeds, perhaps we’ll see a resurgence in the sort of fuel-efficient three-wheel cars that thrived in the economic period following the Second World War.
If it doesn’t, at least Morgan has proven there’s still a market for a three-wheeled vehicle if you’re marketing to affluent, thrill-seeking buyers…
This story originally appeared on Green Car Reports. Copyright 2014 | <urn:uuid:722d68b2-6710-4036-a10b-c427122f2e80> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://venturebeat.com/2014/08/24/a-brief-history-of-three-wheeled-cars/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00444-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.970176 | 1,696 | 2.734375 | 3 |
Stephen R. Carpenter, USA
Professor Carpenter's ground breaking research has shown how lake ecosystems are affected by the surrounding landscape and by human activities. His findings have formed the basis for concrete solutions on how to manage lakes.
Professor Carpenter, 59, is recognised as one of the world’s most influential environmental scientists in the field of ecology. By combining theoretical models and large-scale lake experiments he has reframed our understanding of freshwater environments and how lake ecosystems are impacted by humans and the surrounding landscape.
The Stockholm Water Prize Nominating Committee emphasises the importance of Professor Carpenter’s contributions in helping us understand how we affect lakes through nutrient loading, fishing, and introduction of exotic species.
"Professor Carpenter has shown outstanding leadership in setting the ecological research agenda, integrating it into a socio-ecological context, and in providing guidance for the management of aquatic resources
Linking lake and land
Professor Carpenter is best known for his research on trophic cascades in lakes – a concept which describes how impacts on any species in an ecosystem will cascade down, or up, the food chain. For example, overfishing of large fish in a lake can result in an increase of small fish, thus decreasing the abundance of zooplankton further down the food chain. In extension, this would increase the growth of algae and amplify the effects of eutrophication. Those findings have influenced concrete strategies for dealing with eutrophication and have provided a practical framework for the management of freshwater resources, resulting for example in the understanding that it might not be enough to reduce the emissions of nutrients to a lake in order to overcome the problems, but that one might need to change the composition of the fish community as well. In addition, Professor Carpenter’s research has proved to have broad applicability to other ecosystems than lakes.
Learning by doing, leading by example
Known amongst his peers in the scientific community for his creativity and enthusiasm, Professor Carpenter’s work combines different scientific disciplines and approaches. By seeking collaboration outside of academia, he has managed to link research to both policy and practice. A source of inspiration both to those within his field and outside, Professor Carpenter is one of the most cited ecologists worldwide. He has supervised numerous students throughout the years, and has helped many in developing innovative field research experiments.
Professor Carpenter serves as the Director of the Center for Limnology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and Stephen Alfred Forbes Professor of Zoology. He is a member of the US National Academy of Sciences, a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, and a affiliate of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. He has played a leading role in the Millennium Assessment – a global assessment of the health of the world’s ecosystems and is the co-Editor in Chief of the well known journal “Ecosystems”.
Born in 1952, Professor Carpenter lives in Madison, Wisconsin. He holds a Ph.D in Botany/Oceanography and Limnology from the University of Wisconsin-Madison.
I am thrilled. Many great people have received the prize over the years, and there are many others whose work is worth rewarding. It is a great honour to be selected. The prize will increase my resolve and sense of obligation to work on emerging issues of freshwater, such as climate change and the connections of food and water security. | <urn:uuid:3e2f89f7-faef-43b7-b895-4edcf125b8bb> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.siwi.org/prizes/stockholmwaterprize/laureates/stephen-r-carpenter-usa/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281353.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00068-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954792 | 696 | 2.921875 | 3 |
From: Gary S. Shogren (firstname.lastname@example.org)
Date: Wed Mar 06 1996 - 17:54:44 EST
If I understand your criteria rightly, KATALAMBANW is a prime example - does
it mean "comprehendeth it not (KJV)" in John 1:5 or "did not overcome it"?
What I find interesting is that both make very good sense in the immediate
context, and fairly decent sense in the context of Johannine theological
vocab. I seem to recall that Carson lists the verse in Exegetical
Fallacies, reminding us not to try to work BOTH meanings into a single
context unless there's evidence of a play on words. By the way - Exegetical
Fallacies is shortly to be re-released in an updated form.
At 10:29 AM 3/6/96 -0700, you wrote:
> I was wondering if I could solicit submittals of everyone's favorite
>Greek words which meet the criteria of having a notoriously context
>sensitive definition. As an example I will present my own weak example.
> The RSV translates the Greek word HNTHY(KS)HIS (I used 'KS' in place of
>xsi, not knowing which latin to use...) in 1st Timothy 2:1 as
>"intercessions" but it translates the same word in 1st Timothy 4:4 as
>"thanksgiving." Clearly "intercessions" is not equal to "thanksgiving."
> Now I know that you folks out there can think of better examples than
>the one I have just presented, so if you offer them I will be much
>appreciative. (yes, there is a point to this excersize - I'm not doing
>this to waste everyone's time).
>University of New Mexico
Gary S. Shogren
Biblical Theological Seminary
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Dubbed "MoodScope", Microsoft is trialling a first-of-its-kind software which determines a user's mood based on how they use a smartphone.
In what is being labelled as a chance to catch up to iOS and Android, the company is building a mood sensor from smartphone usage patterns.
"We report a first-of-its-kind smartphone software system, MoodScope, which infers the mood of its user based on how the smartphone is used," Microsoft's research paper says.
"Compared to smartphone sensors that measure acceleration, light, and other physical properties, MoodScope is a “sensor” that measures the mental state of the user and provides mood as an important input to context-aware computing.
"We run a formative statistical mood study with smartphone-logged data collected from 32 participants over two months."
Through the study, the researchers have found that by analysing communication history and application usage patterns, they can statistically infer a user’s daily mood average with an initial accuracy of 66%, which gradually improves to an accuracy of 93% after a two-month personalised training period.
"Motivated by these results, we build a service, MoodScope, which analyses usage history to act as a sensor of the user’s mood," the report says.
"We provide a MoodScope API for developers to use our system to create mood-enabled applications.
"We further create and deploy a mood-sharing social application."
How are you feeling?
Tech site Mashable says the technology "would allow users to automatically share those moods with friends in real time on networks such as Facebook.
"[P]rivacy concerns aside, these moods would enhance social networks by allowing users to share mood states automatically.
"Users would be able to know better how and when to communicate with others."
Does MoodScope sound good to you? Can it work? Tell us your thoughts below | <urn:uuid:240acf88-3a0d-4271-8550-2760e2d5f41c> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://netguide.co.nz/story/are-you-in-the-mood-for-a-microsoft-smartphone/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719468.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00530-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.935602 | 401 | 2.421875 | 2 |
|The Future of Chocolate|
Organic Consumers - 3/27/2013. By Maryam Heinen - Back in the Mayan age, around 1100 BCE, cacao was recognized as a “super” food, traded as a precious currency with a value on par with gold and jewels. By the 17th century the Spanish added sugar (cane) to sweeten it and the rest is history.
|Climate Change, Herbicide May Doom Monarch Butterfly Migration|
Scientific American - 3/27/2013. By Ines Perez - Between 1999 and 2010, monarch butterfly populations declined by 81 percent along with a 58 percent decline in their essential food, milkweed, in the Midwest, paralleling use of the herbicide glyphosate, the active ingredient in Monsanto’s Roundup weed killer.
|Loss of wild pollinators would hit crops, finds study|
SciDevNet - 3/27/2013. By Claudio Mazzeo - Buenos Aires - The loss of wild pollinators from agricultural landscapes could threaten global crop yields, a study has found. The results of their study were published in Science last month (28 February). | <urn:uuid:1d817ee6-a66e-4137-8d2b-173e10aee277> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://mofga.org/Home/tabid/74/nnpg2022/9/cmd2022/arch/archDt2022/032013/Default.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719286.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00498-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.914818 | 237 | 2.734375 | 3 |
Remember the George W. Bush years? They almost seem like a bad dream, don't they? Years of terror, and militarism, and war, and unaccountability, and even, perhaps most repugnant, years of torture of foreign prisoners by we, the Americans, the beacons of freedom. Well, the Bush years have thankfully passed. And now, Americans like torture even more.
A Stanford professor named Amy Zegart had a polling firm conduct a nationwide poll about Americans' attitudes towards terrorism and torture. In many cases, she used the exact same questions from a similar poll that had been conducted in 2005, when Bush was president. Among the findings:
- 41% of Americans said they'd be willing to use torture on prisoners captured in the "war on terror." 34% said they would not. In 2007, only 27% said they would, and 53% said they would not.
- 30% today sayd that the "naked chaining" technique for prisoners was okay; in a 2005 poll, only 18% said it was okay.
- 25% today say waterboarding is okay. In 2005, it was 16%.
- Only 12% of Americans now say they are "unwilling" to assassinate known terrorists; in 2005, that was 33%.
- And, in both 2005 and 2012, more than a third of Americans are "willing to kill foreign leaders who 'harbor terrorists.'" Which is why you better not put more than a third of Americans in charge of anything
Congrats, Obama: after four years of you, lots of liberals have come around on the idea of torture. Now that's progress. | <urn:uuid:e0be9dcb-2ce0-42a8-bcac-9a7b8e4dbaea> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://gawker.com/5948633/americans-are-more-pro-torture-now-than-they-were-under-bush | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281746.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00281-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.975392 | 341 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Yesterday we discussed Part 4 of “God’s Authority Over Every Area of Our Lives” from The Kingdom Agenda by Dr. Tony Evans, and the chapter entitled “The Authority of the Kingdom Agenda“. We are continuing that study today. What follows are excerpts from his book in the chapter The Authority of the Kingdom Agenda.
The Government’s Respect to Biblical Authority:
A final way that God’s kingdom agenda is established is by the culture’s respect for biblical authority. God’s Word forms the standard not only for personal righteousness, but also for national obedience.
Proverbs 14:34 says, “Righteousness exalts a nation, but sin is a disgrace to any people.” Even non-Christian cultures can be a nice place to live if they’re operating by righteous principles. That doesn’t mean every government leader has to be a Christian. That will never happen. That’s why I used the word “respect” for this section instead of commitment. A non-Christian government will not be committed to God’s Word. But there are certain principles God has established that will benefit a society if they are followed, even if the leaders don’t know God.
Paul told us in 1 Timothy 2:2 to pray for our leaders and those in authority “so that we may lead a tranquil and quiet life in all godliness and dignity.” We need to pray that leaders will become sensitive to God’s way of doing things, because a culture can be a reasonable place to live if it is informed by biblical principles.
The Bible says that God sets up and deposes kings (see Daniel 2:21). David said, “I will also speak of Your testimonies before kings” (Psalm 119:46). David knew that society must run by God’s rules. In fact, Deuteronomy 17:19 says that the king of Israel was required to read God’s Word each and every day. A nation is going to stand or fall based on whether God’s rules have permeated the culture.
That’s why our public education system is in trouble. It is trying to do the impossible—impart information without ethics. You cannot have a separation between information and ethics, because if people do not have moral guidelines by which to measure the data, they will create their own guidelines and inject them into the curriculum.
The issue is never teaching morality versus teaching no morality, but whose morality will be taught. The schools as a whole used to teach God’s morality. That’s why there used to be a time when the Ten Commandments were posted on the school wall. It was in recognition of the fact that there were basic rules of life to be honored, rules that acknowledged God’s view of life.
But governments are not merely supposed to acknowledge God’s principles for life. Even though many don’t know it, our governmental leaders are also religious leaders. A politician may toss God’s name into the discussion every now and then to get a vote, but that’s not what I mean by saying governmental leaders are religious leaders. And I don’t mean that they are supposed to try to take over the church or anything like that. I’m talking about Paul’s statement in Romans 13:4 that governmental authority is “a minister of God to you for good.” The Greek word for “minister” is a religious term. It means “one who acts on God’s behalf.” So although leaders serve in the civil realm, they are still God’s ministers.
That is, our leaders are to uphold and carry out God’s standard in the civil arena. For instance, the Bible forbids murder. When a murder is committed, a minister, in this case called a judge, must impose appropriate punishment on the murderer. Whether or not the judge acknowledges it, the rule being imposed—“You shall not murder”—is God’s rule. The reason He gave it is that we are made in His image. So when a person commits murder, he has in reality attacked God. When that happens, God has His ministers act on His behalf in punishing the offender. Judges may not even realize they are acting as God’s ministers when they impose a sentence for a crime such as murder, but the Bible says that’s what they are doing.
Another way rulers respect biblical authority and rule according to God’s guidelines is by deterring evil. Men must fear judgment if their evil inclinations are to be kept in check. Romans 13:3 implies that officials must be able to distinguish between good and evil so they can punish the evil and reward the good. But there’s only one way we can know the difference between good and evil. There must be a universal standard (see tomorrow’s post for more about this). Otherwise we’re lost, because what is good and right to one person may not be good to another person. We need a standard that will govern everybody. And since government belongs to God, it can only operate properly when it functions according to God’s forever standard, His Word.
This is where our culture is so schizophrenic. While so many are busy trying to drive God and biblical principles out of the public arena, our culture’s laws are still, for the most part, based on a biblical frame of reference. However, many times our public officials wind up rewarding evil and punishing or ignoring what is good. America at the beginning of the twenty-first century is a classic example of what happens in a society that rejects God’s rules and tries to live by man’s rules.
The result is moral and spiritual chaos. We have to live by God’s Book, because if we don’t, we’ll live by somebody else’s book. And you and I won’t like the results. When governments operate under the theocratic rule of God by reflecting biblical principles, they will begin to reflect His already existing rule to their citizens. Citizens will either be ruled by the Word of God, or by the word of men seeking to imitate God. | <urn:uuid:5e019dcb-762f-4c98-8304-9cb8fd0401f6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://passionateprayer.org/2016/04/21/gods-authority-over-every-area-of-our-lives-part-5/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00674.warc.gz | en | 0.953576 | 1,315 | 2.109375 | 2 |
Developing a global financial architecture
An odd paradox exists in the way capital moves around the world — or doesn’t — from developed to developing countries.
A few specific technology hurdles halt the flow of money, at the personal level, from transferring wealth to and investing in emerging markets. Issues with ledgers of exchange, unique identifiers, transfer costs and points of access all impact capital flows across borders.
Innovative firms have made strides developing solutions for each, but a comprehensive technology answer still remains to be found.
“A World Awash in Money”
On a global scale, western economies are awash in cheap investment capital chasing anemic returns. Capital in the global financial economy is so plentiful that central banks in countries like Sweden, Switzerland and Japan now offer negative interest rates on deposits. This means that investors essentially have to pay to “park” the funds that they can’t invest — and choose to do so en masse because the nominal losses from negative rates outweigh the potential significant losses from investment.
Over time, capital pools up, and when attractive investment opportunities do come up, they’re quickly oversubscribed — look at the late-stage Silicon Valley venture capital market in 2015 for evidence.
Emerging markets, meanwhile, generally offer more lucratively priced investment prospects. A corporation based in Lagos, Nigeria, for instance, might offer higher interest rates when it issues debt to raise capital than would a similar company in the U.S. But that debt is priced to account for the increased risk of operating in a country without a well-developed “trust architecture,” which slows the flow of assets from advanced to emerging markets.
People want to see that the money they send across borders is going where it is supposed to.
The lack of trust architecture is the defining stumbling block that keeps money from moving more easily to the developing world. In their Insights article A World Awash in Money, Bain & Company define trust architecture as strong property rights protections, reliable legal systems and institutional depth. What this really boils down to is safety and transparency: People want to see that the money they send across borders is going where it is supposed to. Though the examples Bain uses detail larger foreign direct investments, these architecture problems persist even at the peer-to-peer level.
(One thing to note: The World Bank recently started recommending against the use of the “developing” and “developed” distinction, because countries are stratified between so many levels of development that it’s tough to break them into two distinct groups. For this article, let’s assume that developing or emerging economies are those that are the net recipients of remittances, while developed or advanced economies are net remitters.)
In the U.S., anyone can deposit a check to a checking account with the snap of an iPhone camera, pay a friend using Venmo and Facebook or buy goods online with PayPal, which provides fraud protection and arbitration. The trust we place in these systems doesn’t necessarily exist in countries without the institutions to support them. It’s harder to send remittances to family members in foreign countries, or make personal loans to friends across borders.
To take the Bain analogy further, if you think of capital as a large reserve of water pooling up in advanced economies, the missing elements of trust architecture pile up to build a dam that stops the water from flowing downstream to emerging markets.
Undamming the river
So what obstacles does technology need to overcome to create a reliable infrastructure to move money to emerging economies?
Creating a reliable, distributed ledger of exchange
In his insightful article, When Bitcoin Grows Up, British journalist John Lanchester dives into why, historically, banks came about in the first place. When we spend money or get paid or give a loan, what we’re really doing is making an entry on a register. That entry says “this thing of value is being transferred.” Before the invention of common currencies, people would barter goods directly, or keep informal “IOUs” to log debts. The creation of banks allowed people to log their transactions in a centralized, authoritative ledger — the banker’s.
Much of the developing world has a ledger problem. Unsurprisingly, checking account penetration is significantly lower in developing countries, where only 41 percent of the population have accounts, than in the developed world, where 89 percent do. The differences are even more stark when you look at adults with only primary education (10 percent) or credit card holders (7 percent) in the developing world. Though it’s difficult to paint heterogeneous markets in such broad strokes, the trend is clear — poorer people have less access to banks. This makes it hard to store and transact money.
The movement of capital around the globe is of paramount importance to an increasingly globalized society.
One solution, which Lanchester evaluates thoroughly, is that of digital currencies based on technology such as blockchain. Blockchain provides a distributed database that records every transaction users make of currencies, such as Bitcoin, based on that database. This allows people to exchange money peer-to-peer, instead of having to rely on a trusted intermediary like a bank. It also has the added benefit of insulating people from fiat currency fluctuations, which are more prone to volatility in developing markets such as Zimbabwe and can make money essentially worthless to the note holder.
A reliable, stable crypto-currency is still a dream to many, but the Bank of England has recently undertaken pioneering research into making the dream a reality. It may be one day soon that both emerging and advanced markets transact in one global currency, which isn’t dependent on banks and states to guarantee its value.
Compiling robust credit files and using unique identifiers
Another problem for the developing world is the failure of many countries’ trust architecture to provide reliable personal identification and credit underwriting. Would you cut a check and send money overseas if you couldn’t verify the recipient? How do lenders ensure that people will pay loans back if there is no data available on them in the digital sphere? These questions, salient in the developed world, are especially difficult in less-data-rich markets.
To solve this problem, the Indian government has famously rolled out an initiative to give a digital identity to its 1 billion+ residents using biometric identification. Now, following its critical success, Russia, Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia are all exploring similar programs. These identification programs, though not incorruptible, deliver the same value that social security numbers do in the U.S.: the ability to tell who is on the other side of your transaction and whether you can trust them.
Another novel approach to creating credit files comes from Kenya, home to the wildly successful Safaricom startup M-Pesa. In 2013, 43 percent of Kenya’s GDP flowed through M-Pesa. The tech is built on a radically simple idea: If you have access to someone’s cell phone account, you have a way to identify them individually and a history of payments to tell if they’re creditworthy.
You shouldn’t have to pay to use the money you already own.
Now, startups like eLoan (an Israeli peer-to-peer lender) and Branch (started by a Kiva co-founder) are rolling out programs in emerging markets to let banks lend to people based off their phone subscription history, while companies like InVenture go a step further by creating a global, fungible credit score for anyone with a phone.
In sum, these identification solutions could provide the trust needed in advanced economies to reliably lend to and invest in the “bottom of the pyramid” available in emerging markets.
Lowering cross-border transfer costs
One of the more prohibitive elements of remittances, which adversely affects poorer users, is the high cost of sending money across borders. The lack of infrastructure in the developing world makes it prohibitively expensive in many places to receive money from friends and family overseas. The World Bank estimates that the global average cost of remittances is 7.5 percent — and has been trending up in 2016.
For all its stumbles, the now-defunct payments startup Clinkle was built with an idea that was radical for its simplicity: You shouldn’t have to pay to use the money you already own (an idea that has perennially eluded credit card and remittance companies). Exchange rates only complicate the problem.
The idea of liberating people’s access to their own money led companies like TransferWise and WorldRemit to create platforms to dramatically reduce money transfer costs, display fees transparently and guarantee fair currency exchange rates. Since its founding, TransferWise has helped people send $4 billion across borders to those who need it, and inspired regional remittance companies like Istarem, which helps overseas workers transfer money in southeast Asia, and Bitso, which facilitates bitcoin remittances in Mexico.
Facilitating points of access and storage
Once the issues of identifying a recipient, controlling for currency fluctuations and fees and recording a transaction have been solved, recipients still face a vital problem: where to store and access their money? Point of sale technologies that work with smartphones, or even credit and debit cards, do not exist across vast swathes of the developing world. Getting one’s money is not meaningful if that money is irretrievably locked in its digital form.
The issue of converting digital to paper currency is remarkably similar to that of transfers: ATMs, check cashers and exchange kiosks may charge exorbitant fees. Moreover, carrying large sums of paper money can be inherently less secure than accepting cash digitally.
One firm tackling the “point of access” challenge is Abra, a newer bitcoin startup that bills itself as “the world’s first peer-to-peer digital cash money transfer network.” Though bitcoin and digital transfers are nothing new to the payments technology world, Abra introduces a new feature: people who act as “tellers” on the sending and receiving end. Using the Abra platform, any “teller” can accept paper currency, charge a discretionary fee (part of which is split with Abra) and then transfer full funds to a corresponding “teller” across borders, who receives the funds and hands the paper equivalent to their end-recipient.
A world of money, connected end-to-end
The movement of capital around the globe is of paramount importance to an increasingly globalized society. As companies, workers and jobs become more fluid across permeable borders, it will become increasingly necessary to move money freely without arduous costs or constraints. Yet no comprehensive solution exists today that resolves the issues damming the flow of capital across borders.
Innovative technology firms, well-versed in the challenges of the developing world’s financial trust architecture, stand to revolutionize the way money is sent and lent globally. These solutions could also “trickle up” from the personal level to larger-scale investments, as transfer risks are smoothed across geographies. The inertial build-up of capital pools in the developed world creates an almost limitless opportunity for those platforms that can overcome the hurdles damming it.
Featured Image: Magictorch/Getty Images | <urn:uuid:6854e15a-ac8a-413c-bc51-7316d62cc1ce> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://worldupdates.in/developing-a-global-financial-architecture/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720972.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00252-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.943151 | 2,339 | 2.171875 | 2 |
For avid freshwater anglers, few experiences can rival fighting and landing a monster bass. And with growing awareness of conservation and sustainability among members of the fishing community, the safe release of fish, perhaps to be caught by another angler ...
Submitting a fish for IGFA world-record recognition is relatively simple and – perhaps more importantly – you can release the fish and still apply for a world record.
The International Game Fish Association (IGFA), founded in 1939, is a nonprofit organization committed to the conservation of game fish and the promotion of responsible, ethical angling practices through science, education, rulemaking, record keeping and recognition of outstanding accomplishments in the field of angling.
But the IGFA is probably best known for its efforts at recording and monitoring sport fishing world records the past 80 years.
Mercury Marine recently caught up with Nick Haddad, angler recognition coordinator for the IGFA, to discuss the IGFA’s ongoing efforts to promote more sustainable fishing practices (i.e., catch and release) amid the pursuit of world record catches. The IGFA is headquartered in Dania Beach, Florida.
Mercury: Can an angler release a fish they've caught and still apply for world-record recognition?
Haddad: As a matter of fact, we are continuing to see more and more fish being released almost every year. For the past few years, nearly 50 percent of all record catches were released, and there are a number of reasons we are starting to see this. IGFA rules state . . . you must weigh the fish from shore, with the exception of Junior and Small Fry anglers. We understand there are certain highly migratory species where it is simply impossible to release for a record, but due to the growing bad stigma associated with killing them over the past decades we receive very few submissions for them. We also introduced the All-Tackle Length record program in 2011, which is a strictly catch-and-release program. This conservation-based category gives anglers the opportunity to catch a length record using an official IGFA measuring board in scenarios where they are unable to weigh a fish and still release it.
Mercury: What are the rules for earning an IGFA World Record? If I am a recreational angler, or I’m out fishing with my family on a vacation and just happen to catch the biggest fish of my life, what are the things that I absolutely must know?
Haddad: The very first thing I always tell anglers is to properly document the catch with photos of the angler with the fish, the rod and reel used and the scale that was used to weigh the fish.There is a common misconception that the scale must be certified at the time of catch, but if you think you have a record catch you can certainly weigh it and send us the scale shortly after to test it for accuracy. It is very important that no other angler or witness touches any part of the rod, reel or mainline during the fight. The angler should save a line sample that includes at least 5 meters of mainline attached to the full original leader, lure or hook arrangement.
Mercury: What would you say to someone who says there are no longer opportunities to catch world-record fish?
Haddad: Whether it’s your first day fishing or you are a seasoned veteran, everyone has a chance to catch a world-record fish. We have Line Class records, Tippet Class records for fly fishing, Junior records and All-Tackle Length records for many species, as well as All-Tackle records for every species on Earth. With well over 30,000 known species of fish, there is endless room for records. One of my favorite parts of this job is getting a call from a 65-year-old women or a 10- year-old child and informing them that their catch is a world record. | <urn:uuid:e188f3b9-742f-4983-9c6b-c58504541de2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.mercurymarine.com/fr/us/dockline/you-can-submit-a-catch-and-release-fish-for-igfa-world-record-status/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570741.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808001418-20220808031418-00079.warc.gz | en | 0.964083 | 798 | 2.0625 | 2 |
Welcome to our book talk about Bird by Bird by Anne Lamott. We're talking about her chapter on plot today. Even if you haven't read it, please feel free to add to the conversation. We're all teachers here!
We aren't going to learn all we need to know about plotting from the "Plot" chapter in Anne Lamott's book, Bird by Bird. She says as much when she suggests books by E. M. Forster and John Gardner. But she reminded me of things I definitely needed to hear.
"That's what plot is: what people will up and do in spite of everything that tells them they shouldn't..."
Stories are about what people will DO to get what they WANT even if what they're willing to do is a little--or a lot--crazy. I've read some wonderful stories over the last few years, but The Help stands out for its inconspicuous yet charging plot. Every character wants something worth dying for. Talk about tension on every page. And what do the maids want? They want to tell their stories. They want a voice. They want the world to see that the babies they loved and raised hate them beyond reason. As for Skeeter, she wants purpose--a bit of irony there but completely believable. Carrying her typewriter to the colored section of town was pure foolishness, unless you want to rise above your legacy, and Skeeter did.
"I'm the designated typist, and I'm also the person whose job it is to hold the lantern while the kid does the digging. What is the kid digging for? The stuff. Details and clues and images, invention, fresh ideas, an intuitive understanding of people. I tell you, the holder of the lantern doesn't even know what the kid is digging for half the time--but she knows gold when she sees it."
Once I know my character very well and have a handle on what she wants (this will change many times), that's the time to lean in with the lantern. For me, this isn't sit-in-the-chair work. It's my hands-are-wet-and-I-don't-have-a-thing-to-write-with work. I daydream freely about my character--what she will do when she sees her world tilting and spinning away, how she will show the reader where her passion resides, and what she will do when she is pressed to the wall with a knife to her throat, metaphorically speaking.
The smart thing to do is dry my hands and write it all down--or the dreams evaporate, not that the dream stuff is always used, but it's all foundational, very important stuff to know about the character and how she moves through her story world.
"The climax is that major event, usually toward the end, that brings all the tunes you have been playing so far into one major chord, after which at least on of your people is profoundly changed. If someone isn't changed, then what is the point of your story."
While home sick from work a couple weeks ago, I watched lots and lots of movies. (I don't sleep well when I can't breathe.) Since we don't subscribe to premium channels, I did some pay-per-view selections from our cable company. I watched Black Swan and right after that, Country Strong. SPOILER ALERT: I'm going to talk about the endings of these pictures. In Black Swan, Nina, the ballerina who must play the dual parts of the white and black swan in Swan Lake, struggles to express the wildness, the wantonness of the black swan. As a psychological thriller, it's not always easy to know what is reality and what is mindscape, but Nina dances the opposing parts with perfection on opening night. And then she dies, probably by her own hand. In Country Strong, an alcoholic country star is prematurely taken out of rehab for a comeback tour through Texas. She botches her first performance, misses her second, but nails the third in Dallas, even though she is back on pills and booze. After her stellar performance, she locks herself in her dressing room and overdoses.
The endings/climaxes left me cold. The characters fight for change but find the change unsustainable, and so they destroy themselves. Perhaps the changes were unsustainable, but an option would be to redirect the protagonists' desires. That would have worked better in these movies, but I'm a hopeful person. Dead is a big change for a protag, but not a very satisfying one. Keep that in mind when writing your climax. I do not want to revisit the pessimism of the 60s and 70s again. Please!
Let's talk! What was the last book you read that had you sitting on the edge of your chair, saying, "Don't go in there," but you loved the story and couldn't stop reading? What does holding the lantern look like for you? Do you have your climax in mind when you start a story? Have you ever been surprised by your climax? What struggles do you have with plot? What resources have helped you?
We'll be talking about dialogue on May 18th. | <urn:uuid:5799ed7d-dbe6-4644-b878-42e2c7ec8aba> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.novelmatters.com/2011/05/holding-lantern.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280587.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00560-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.974848 | 1,075 | 2.609375 | 3 |
A visit to hundred-year history Chinese traditional three section compound architecture in middle of Taiwan. To have a glimpse of farm tools and life in 1950s Taiwan.
After recover from the serious typhoon which buried the school in mud, Ming Chuan Elementary School has reconstructed on February 4th 2012 and receive a “diamond grade" green building certification which become a model of green school architecture.
“Before drying the persimmons, there are three processes, picking, washing, and peeling" Miss Liu directs to the right, there are some workers sitting on the wooden bench peeling the persimmons.
The festival began with the chief’s chanting, then the spiritualist danced to prey for blessing. The spiritualist held kind of grass in both her hand, and moved in a sacred curve with her legs, to watch the scene on your own is quite strange, kind of mystery curse dance.
The view becomes open while we drove deeper into the mountains, we enjoyed the sun tinted the red maples, the golden sun makes up the face of the forest, this is the place where we will stay for tonight, how gorgeous!
前往合歡山偏峰 – 石門山的路上，興致來臨，神來一拍。
九份位於台灣東北部，臨山靠海，與基隆山遙遙相望；整個小鎮座落於山坡地上，也因此形成了獨特的山坡和階梯式建築景觀 — wiki | <urn:uuid:e41770d2-d71c-41c4-b5bd-c0dbf2b87c3e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.bring-you.info/tag/taiwan | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280504.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00144-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.725492 | 428 | 2.078125 | 2 |
Search For "french parliament"
Updated : 1 year, 5 months ago IST
Paris [France], February 23 (ANI): France on Tuesday summoned Pakistan charge d'affaires to protest comments by President Arif Alvi on the new anti-radicalism bill introduced in the French Parliament and asked Islamabad to adopt a "constructive attitude" to bilateral relations.
Islamabad [Pakistan], February 21 (ANI): In remarks that may worsen the already-strained ties between Islamabad and Paris, Pakistan President Arif Alvi on Sunday asked the political leadership of France "not to entrench the discriminatory attitudes against Muslims into laws", warning that su
Updated : 2 years, 5 months ago IST
Paris [France], Mar 7 (Sputnik/ANI): A second member of the French Parliament's lower house has tested positive for novel coronavirus, while five other lawmakers are being tested for the illness.
Updated : 2 years, 10 months ago IST
New Delhi [India], Oct 3 (ANI): India has blocked Masood Khan, the president of Pakistan-occupied Kashmir from attending an event in the Lower House of the French Parliament.
Updated : 3 years, 8 months ago IST
Paris [France], Dec 3 (ANI): Amid 'Yellow Vest' crisis, the National Rally (NR) leader Marine Le Pen has proposed to dissolve the lower Chamber of French Parliament and hold fresh parliamentary elections.
Updated : 4 years, 5 months ago IST
Paris [France], Mar. 2 (ANI): In a protest against homelessness, fifty members of the French parliament spent a 'freezing' night on the streets, with the country's homeless population.
Updated : 4 years, 10 months ago IST
Paris [France ], Oct 4 (ANI): France's lower house of parliament has approved a controversial new counter-terrorism bill after Interior Minister Gerard Collomb told parliament "We're still in a state of war," as country is facing "very serious threat" level.
Updated : 4 years, 11 months ago IST
London [UK], June. 12 (ANI): French President Emmanuel Macron's centrist La Republique En Marche is heading towards a stunning majority in parliament after a strong showing in Sunday's first round of voting. | <urn:uuid:9f8d7b64-90aa-4606-9f4b-f0dd77355ac3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.aninews.in/topic/french-parliament/page/2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00478.warc.gz | en | 0.927082 | 455 | 1.570313 | 2 |
Day-care institutions are often established for specific users, diagnoses and/or age groups.
These can include residential homes, shelters, special needs schools and institutions, paediatric day-care centers for children and teenagers with physical or mental disabilities, or centers for people living with brain damage or multiple disabilities.
As day-care centers serve as both home for the residents and a workplace for the staff, they must be equipped with the right aids to maintain a safe and healthy working environment for the staff – and to boost life quality and functional skills among residents.
Day-care residents may have widely different levels of physical or mental disability, and will, therefore, need correspondingly different levels of help.
Common tasks at day-care institutions:
- Moves from bed to wheelchair
- Moves to and from bath chair/stretcher
- Repositioning in a wheelchair
- Positioning and turning in bed
- Training and mobilisation
- Weighing residents
- Hygiene procedures
- Changing bed linen
Freedom of movement and safe working environment
At some day-care institutions, residents require so much care that they need help with almost all everyday tasks and procedures.
In such cases, the staff can use a ceiling lift system to assist with most lifts and moves in order to maintain a safe and healthy working environment.
With a ceiling lift system, assistance with lifts, moves, and training is always within easy reach, making this an excellent solution at day-care institutions, where freedom of movement and the opportunity for residents to customise their own personal space are key concepts.
Dutch care organisation provides all resident rooms with ceiling hoists
SVRZ, a care organisation for the elderly in the Netherlands, has equipped all 1.450 resident rooms with ceiling hoist systems. What started with the construction of the new care facility Redoute in Sas van Gent culminated in a huge project in which all SVRZ employees and clients would experience the benefits of a ceiling hoist system. | <urn:uuid:ba073c46-5c63-40c3-ab89-7463d24cada7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.guldmann.com/ca/what-is-your-field-of-work/long-term-care-institutional-care | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00066.warc.gz | en | 0.937308 | 422 | 2.21875 | 2 |
After snaking through a subterranean obstacle course of utilities, foundations, methane gases and various urban structures, the 22-ft-diameter tunnel-boring machine (TBM) dubbed "Angeli" broke through to its termination point at Fourth and Flower streets in downtown Los Angeles on July 19. It marked a key milestone in the $1.7-billion, 1.9-mile Regional Connector project—the "missing link" that will connect existing rail lines for seamless rides throughout Los Angeles County.
Having completed the first of twin tunnels between Little Tokyo west to downtown in five months, Angeli will now be disassembled over the course of five weekends and brought back to the original launch site to begin the second tunnel this fall, says Gary Baker, project director with the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority (Metro). BIM-assisted design and Shape Accel Arrays—a system of wireless sensors—helped Angeli navigate through extremely tight tolerances and situations of very shallow cover.
The tunneling is not even the toughest part of the job. "This is a utilities job," says Richard McLane, chief mechanical engineer with Regional Connector Constructors (RCC), a joint venture of Skanska USA Civil West California District Inc. and Traylor Bros. Inc. "Tunneling is about 6% of the total project."
Unexpectedly tough utilities challenges caused termination of an initial contract, and much of the remaining work was tacked on to RCC's contract as a change order in 2016. The utility issues pushed the completion back by about a year to 2021 and ramped up the project cost from $1.4 billion. "The real impact to the project was the condition of the utilities," says Baker. "The customary approach when constructing stations is to support the utilities from the roadway deck while excavating below. But the electrical utilities' condition in some old parts of town was unsafe for crews to handle. We had to relocate and replace them."
Construction sequencing also had to be restructured. "We were going to run the TBM through the cavern at Second Street and Broadway and then start mining again," says Derek Penrice, a vice president with Mott McDonald, RCC's designer. "We had to go back to square one" with design.
Instead of completely excavating the cavern for one of three stations, walking the TBM across it and then relaunching it, RCC decided just to tunnel through the area and go back to complete the second tunnel before completing the cavern, says Matt Antonelli, senior director of construction management with Metro.
That's also the case for a sequential-excavation-method cavern—290 ft long, 58 ft wide and 36 ft tall—that will eventually serve as a crossover structure over the tracks, says Baker.
When excavation of that cavern commences later in the project, "it will be one of the largest excavations in L.A.," says Penrice. "It will be in shallow cover underneath a storm drain and adjacent buildings."
Angeli launched out of a 45-ft-deep pit in Little Tokyo, burrowing through an initial 400 ft of alluvium above the water table and only 5 ft of earth above it, says McLane. "Generally, you want at least one tunnel diameter's worth above you. We had to supplement the low cover with soil backs to add more surcharge for the machine to tunnel under pressure. Then we had a 600-ft curve downslope. That was the roughest part."
After that, the TBM tunnels through the Fernando formation, a local bedrock that is "generally pretty good for tunneling," says McLane. But with only the one TBM, the team will have to repeat the initial launch through the shallow cover and alluvium.
The TBM also passes beneath the existing Red Line subway, past the historic Second Street Tunnel and close to batter piles for the Fourth Street Bridge. In one case, the team had to figure out how to avoid several layers of tiebacks supporting the Bank of America basement. "TBMs don't like to tunnel through steel," notes Penrice. The team changed the initial Metro plan to create a 100-ft-x-30-ft excavation, 70 ft deep, to cut out obstructive tiebacks.
"It would've been too disruptive to city traffic," says Penrice. "We came up with a scheme to use a more limited 26-ft-diameter shaft, created a 10-ft-diameter tunnel and cut the tiebacks."
BIM served as a useful tool to help designers size the shaft properly and excavate only as much as needed, says Penrice. "Then we filled the hole back up again with a low-strength material that the TBM could mine through."
Underneath downtown streets, conditions are so constrained that at one point the twin tunnels will be only 4 ft apart, notes Penrice. "Ideally, you would like a tunnel diameter's worth between them," he says.
The tunnel design utilizes three types of precast concrete-lining segments to accommodate different conditions, including depths of over 100 ft, shallower areas and a section of Little Tokyo that may undergo redevelopment and thus required extremely heavy lining, adds Penrice.
A Shape Accel Array (SAA) proved instrumental in keeping Angeli on track as it passed under the shallow initial ground cover and through the dense web of underground infrastructure. A 400-ft-long array of accelerometers positioned just above the TBM measure movement and potential deformation or settlement, transmitting data to the team's command center. "It sends automatic alerts if something is out of tolerance," says McLane. Settlement generally must be no more than a half-inch.
The team also uses natural gas detectors to warn of naturally occurring methane gas. The danger of tunneling in Southern California is well-documented: 17 workers were killed in a methane explosion in a water tunnel in 1971, and another blast in 1985 destroyed a clothing store during the construction of Los Angeles' first subway system. "That put a halt to tunneling in L.A." for a while, says McLane.
However, only once so far has a sensor alert resulted in a daylong shutdown on this project, he says.
Angeli also has a history with Los Angeles, having built the Gold Line extension in the mid-2000s. The TBM then went to Seattle, building tunnels for the University Link light rail system. Each time, the TBM was reconfigured for each project's specific needs; for the Regional Connector, it needed to navigate a 550-ft curve, says McLane.
The 1,000-ton, 350-ft-long TBM, which got its current moniker from a contest held among Los Angeles schools, will excavate approximately 130,000 cu yd by the time it finishes early next year.
The project will allow commuters to travel between Long Beach to the south and Azusa to the north—about 40 miles—and between East Los Angeles and Santa Monica to the west with seamless transfers among the Blue, Gold, Red and Green lines. Metro expects that 90,000 daily trips will be taken on the new corridor.
Metro is aiming for a December 2021 completion of the project and is in the midst of negotiations with the contracting team to consolidate a number of milestones and phases, says Baker. "We are hopeful we can finish this project" before the December deadline, he adds. | <urn:uuid:c9dbb7c3-7b81-4287-8226-2308539db4ce> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.enr.com/articles/42388-a-tight-tunneling-feat-to-transform-la-transit | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573908.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820043108-20220820073108-00273.warc.gz | en | 0.95362 | 1,549 | 1.640625 | 2 |
The Differences of Regional Knowledge Capital and the Forming Reason Research for Them in the Westren Region of China
|Keywords||Western Region of China Regional Knowledge Capital TheKnowledge Capital Differences Theil Index Structural Equation Modeling|
In the era of knowledge economy and humanism, knowledge has replaced the traditional production factors and become the most important production factor of economic entity of countries and regions. Knowledge economy is based on knowledge capital as the main production factor. The core of knowledge economy is the comprehension of knowledge capital. Knowledge capital is the fundamental driver on which individuals, organizations, regions and the nation rely for survival and development. It has gradually become the most important strategic resource. The strength and weakness of regional knowledge capital is the key factor deciding the future competitiveness. However, due to the differences of the foundation and resource endowment of history and culture and national policy, there are large differences among regional knowledge capital of the western region in China. The "Matthew effect" is becoming increasingly fierce, thus affecting the normal implementation of China’s western development policy and the coordinated development of regional economy, which obviously violates the state’s grand target of building a complete well-off society. Therefore, the focus of this thesis is to completely and systematically reflect the differences of regional knowledge capital in the western region.This thesis conducts a systematic review about the research results of scholars at home and abroad from the perspective of the related concepts, composition, measurement and difference of knowledge and capital, defining the meaning of regional knowledge capital.Then, this thesis establishes the index system of regional knowledge capital measurement, which is the CTQQ model through the theory of regional economic differences, regional innovation, new economic growth and relevance principle. Next, it analyzes the unbalanced and absolute current situation of knowledge capital with principal component in the western region. Meanwhile, it makes a systematic analysis of the knowledge capital difference in the western region by Theil index. And then, it analyzes the influence of the quantity and quality of codified knowledge capital and tacit knowledge capital on regional knowledge capital. As a result, the phenomenon that the influence of the quantity of tacit knowledge capital and the quality of tacit knowledge capital is more obvious while the influence of the quantity of codified knowledge capital and the quality of codified knowledge capital is relatively weak is clearly showed. At last, the conclusion can be drawn that measures should be taken to improve the poor condition and wide differences of the regional knowledge capital in the western region from integrated elements of the regional knowledge capital, structural adjustment of the regional knowledge capital, environmental improvement of the regional knowledge capital and function rebuilding of the regional knowledge capital. | <urn:uuid:2b0f3d5c-c156-4a5e-af5f-d17cc417b210> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://m.dissertationtopic.net/doc/2053946 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00275.warc.gz | en | 0.890221 | 609 | 2 | 2 |
A former Keighley man has become a legend in the treasure hunting world just a year after picking up his first metal detector.
Daniel Holdsworth regularly unearths rusted weaponry discarded during the Second World War – some of it still dangerous – in the forests near his home in Berlin.
He passes on his passion for metal detecting by taking local children on treasure hunts and running competitions for youngsters from around the world.
And he posts regular films recording his exploits on YouTube to great acclaim from other treasure hunters.
Daniel, known as Deep Digger Dan, lived most of his life in Keighley, and until two years ago was a gardener at the town’s B&Q store.
After moving to Germany he needed a new hobby he could do alone while learning the language.
He said: “I work with race horses in the morning and detect from noon till dusk, seven days a week.
“I was addicted from day one. Just pulling up a horse shoe in those first few days gave me a thrill like I’d never felt before.”
Within a month, Dan was finding relics of the 1945 battles between the Germans and Russians, from bullets and shells to hand grenades, a submachine gun and incendiary bomb.
He said: “I report the dangerous stuff to the police and help to clear the woodlands of this horrible past and make it a safer place for people to visit.
“I’m doing well with making YouTube videos and gaining more viewers, growing with confidence in front of the camera with every hunt.”
Dan is particularly proud of the You Have Got To Get Out To Get In programme he began for young people thanks to YouTube viewers’ donations.
He said: “I try to get children involved in the hobby and kitted out with the right gear so they can enjoy the great outdoors and not be stuck behind their computers.”
Dan’s website is at deepdiggerdan.net and his videos can be seen on the Deep Digger Dan YouTube Channel. | <urn:uuid:46c42a7d-3e2e-4610-8e66-0f1fcfa944f3> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.keighleynews.co.uk/news/news_keighley/10334541.Metal_detecting_fan_Dan_digs_deep_for_finds_in_Berlin/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281331.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00223-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.969455 | 427 | 1.703125 | 2 |
Google’s YouTube and YouTube Kids, Disney-owned Maker Studios, Dreamworks’ AwesomenessTV and others being called out for being involved in deceptive advertising practices towards children.
Settled – the FTC filed a lawsuit against CRM, Inc. The suit specifically pointed to the intimidation tactics used by the company including threatening to refer people to “immigration authorities”.
The term “organic” is used broadly on shampoo, makeup, mattresses, even dry cleaning. But is your mattress as organic as your apples?
Through advertising on radio, TV, social media and elsewhere, Supple claimed that drinking its product daily could repair “entire” joint structures, restore mobility and joint functions, allowing consumers saddled by osteoporosis, arthritis or other ailments to regain their vitality.
After a three-week trial, Judge Beth Andrus agreed with the charges in a state lawsuit that advertising campaigns and press releases by the companies that produce 5-Hour Energy – Living Essentials and Innovation Ventures – were misleading and that the makers of 5-Hour Energy drinks violated state law by making claims in thousands of ads that weren’t backed by scientific evidence.
Yhoo has been getting a lot of attention lately for its failures to protect personal information. What’s perhaps more remarkable, though, is how little privacy American internet users demand.
A class action lawsuit says Samsung Galaxy S7 smartphones are not water-resistant, despite a national advertising campaign that states otherwise.
Laptop & Desktop Repair, LLC is charged with offering high buyback prices for customers’ electronics through several online websites, only to give far less than promised after the devices were sent.
The Federal Communications Commission’s final rules to regulate the privacy practices of internet service providers are expected to be in line with the Federal Trade Commission’s approach.
The widening chasm between consumer consent and what happens next could invite a backlash against the booming business of applying location to marketing. The uses of consumers’ movements have already gone beyond consumers’ expectations. | <urn:uuid:753cd724-4a25-4fe7-93ef-2a3b5580eccd> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.ftcguardian.com/articles/page/6/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280310.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00188-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.960025 | 426 | 1.53125 | 2 |
OSHA Safety Consulting Services – Fleming Island , FL
OSHA Safety Consulting Services serving in Fleming Island , FL
What does a safety consultant do?
What is OSHA compliance?
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is a branch of the federal Department of Labor charged with the task of ensuring that employers establish and maintain a safe workplace for their employees.
Fleming Island, FL
Fleming Island is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Clay County, Florida, United States. It is located 21 miles (34 km) southwest of downtown Jacksonville, on the western side of the St. Johns River, off US 17. As of the 2010 census the Fleming Island CDP had a population of 27,126. Fleming Island’s ZIP code became 32003 in 2004, giving it a different code from Orange Park, the incorporated town to the north.
OSHA Safety Consulting Services for companies in Fleming Island, FL
- OSHA Construction Safety Consulting
- Mock OSHA Inspections
- OSHA Safety Training
- Third-Party Site Safety Assessments
- Written Health and Safety Programs and Safety Documentation
- Safety Staffing
- DOT/Fleet Safety Programs
- OSHA Citation Defense
- Workers Compensation Claims Management | <urn:uuid:d51e14fc-a29a-4f5f-a037-7092caedfa37> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://safetyconsultantsusa.com/clay-county/fleming-island/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.907026 | 265 | 1.523438 | 2 |
Text to Sppech Application in NotepadText to speech means whatever you type, your computer system will speak out those words or sentences. Isn’t it so nice. It is to simple to make. Here is the step by step tutorial to make text to speech application in notepad
instantly. Follow the given steps.
Step 1: Open Notepad editor.
Step 2: Type in this code in Notepad.
Dim message, sapi
message=InputBox("Type your text here","Speak Out")
Step 3: Save the file with a name such as talk.vbs and put it on the desktop.
Step 4: Now double click to open this talk.vbs application. Application will be started and a window appears on the screen as shown below.
I hope that you will enjoy this amazing trick of notepad to make text to speech application. | <urn:uuid:e8e6f860-a9a9-4db9-a236-9d012f6d73fe> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://umidevi.blogspot.com/2011/08/how-to-make-text-to-speech-application.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280483.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00300-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.891252 | 184 | 2.390625 | 2 |
Production of vegetable oils and fats in the European Union is set to rebound in the next season as sunflower seed and olive oil output jumps, Oil World said.
Sunflower oil production in the EU may top 2.9 million metric tons in the 2013-14 season starting Oct. 1, the most on record and 16 percent higher than a year earlier, the Hamburg-based researcher said in an e-mailed report. Olive oil output will surge 40 percent from the prior season, helping bring total EU production of 17 oils and fats to 22.6 million tons, 3.6 percent more than a year earlier. Last year, some crops in southern and eastern Europe were hurt by drought.
“Production of oils and fats will recover pronouncedly in the EU,” Oil World said. “Consumption is expected to increase at best marginally, probably curbing import requirements somewhat.”
EU consumption of oils and fats, including for food and biofuels, may total 29.8 million tons, 0.2 percent more than the previous year, Oil World said. Imports at 9.98 million tons may be the second-highest ever, behind last year’s record 10.1 million tons, according to the report. Palm oil will account for the majority of EU imports at 6.3 million tons.
World production of sunflower oil may be about 15 million tons in 2013-14, about 12 percent more than a year earlier, Oil World said. Output in Russia, the second-biggest producer, after Ukraine, may climb 11 percent to 3.59 million tons, helping the country’s exports jump 29 percent to 1.4 million tons.
“Following a season of insufficient supplies that resulted in a decline of stocks worldwide, the global sun oil balance is expected to return to a surplus,” Oil World said. “A sharp increase of sunflower oil usage is likely to occur in the European Union and China as well as in many North African and Middle East countries, promoted by the exceptionally attractive sun oil prices.”
Source bloombergEU Olive, Sunflower Oil Surge Leads Vegetable Oil Supply Rebound, | <urn:uuid:f298efcd-308b-4dbd-8841-40b68f5fd371> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.oliveoilmarket.eu/eu-olive-sunflower-oil-surge-leads-vegetable-oil-supply-rebound/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.950043 | 450 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Several researchers conducted studies to demonstrate the use of fluoro- and chromogenic chemodosimeters for heavy metal ion detection in solution and biospecimens. They demonstrated that fluorescent chemodosimeters had emerged as as a research area of significant importance due to their potential in detecting heavy metal ions in solution and biospecimens. Chemodosimeters were used to detect an analyte through a highly selective and irreversible chemical reaction between the dosimeter molecule and the target analyte. This led to an observable signal that had an accumulative effect and was directly related to the concentration of the analyte. The chemodosimeter also provided signaling changes in absorption wavelength and color that were widely used as detection events, as they required only the use of cost-effective equipment or no equipment in some cases.
ASJC Scopus subject areas | <urn:uuid:3fc80af8-d0ce-46f3-bfd4-c47ae6285c86> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://koreauniv.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/fluoro-and-chromogenic-chemodosimeters-for-heavy-metal-ion-detect | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00264.warc.gz | en | 0.956488 | 174 | 2.640625 | 3 |
Jill K. Cliburn October 21, 2019
Solar PV sells to a large market that continues to grow. In fact, middle-income homeowners have made up more than half of the residential PV market in leading solar states for a decade. According to a study of solar households in 13 states, published by Lawrence Berkeley Labs last year1 (https://bit.ly/2mHkd2N), the median income of solar homeowners is less than $90,000, and renters increasingly enjoy community shared-solar options. Yet, solar is still practically non-existent in many urban and rural communities. Low- to moderate- income households face barriers to owning, leasing or sharing in solar benefits. Non-profit organizations and local government agencies, which could help, face barriers, as well. And a look around the office suites of most solar and clean-tech companies still shows a lack of diversity among the people leading America’s urgent race to renewables.
The need to broaden access to solar benefits and opportunities presents a many-faceted and daunting challenge, but participants in the U.S. Department of Energy’s recently concluded “Solar in Your Community Challenge”, found one key was to start with some well-known wisdom—to act locally.
According to Challenge program manager Shubha Jaishankar, this meant helping 170 community-based teams from 40 states, as well as Puerto Rico and Guam, to identify specific barriers to achieving their goals, aim for measurable progress, and bracket the effort within an 18-month timeframe. For Jaishankar, it also meant supplying teams with coaches, technical assistance and in some cases, seed funding.
In May 2019, the DOE announced no-strings cash prizes totaling $1 million, distributed amongst the top five Challenge teams. A dozen more teams received honorable mentions for achievements in special categories, from innovation, to financing, to the mobilization of volunteer resources. In total, these teams are driving about 26 MW of new solar, but deployment was by no means their only objective. Project teams sought to make a difference in their communities and beyond.
Scrolling through a long spreadsheet of team data, Jaishankar apologized for momentary lapses in recalling the details of every project. The number of projects and players in the Challenge program could be almost overwhelming, but there is a payoff. Jaishankar explained, “Only after you see so many different projects—their difficulties and their successes—can you see where the commonalities are. Now we are starting to answer questions like, what are the best practices for expanding solar access, and what are the big things we (at DOE) can do to make a difference?”
The Challenge website (www.energy.gov/eere/solar/solar-your-community-challenge) includes an interactive map, identifying all the projects and winners. Attendees at the ASES National Solar Conference in 2017 and 2018 heard progress reports from a cross-section of these projects, including four out of the five top winners. ASES featured some projects on its general conference program and also offered workshops specifically for Challenge participants.
For Chris Jedd, Energy Manager at the Denver (Colorado) Housing Authority (DHA) and leader of the Challenge Grand Prize-winning team, broadening access to solar felt like a logical extension of the effort to provide affordable housing. When the agency exhausted straightforward rooftop solar options, Jedd and his team applied to build a 2 MW community solar garden, under Xcel Energy’s Solar*Rewards program. DHA backed the project loan, signed on as the anchor customer and found a buyer for the tax credits. In DHA’s master- metered buildings project-related bill savings, averaging 15% to 20%, reduce building operating expenses benefiting a total of 500 residents. Moreover, part of the solar project was set aside for free individual subscriptions. These provide bill savings directly to households that are individually metered.
The project, including community involvement and on-site solar job training, is one of the first of its kind in the country. For DHA, it inspired a new 2 MW solar expansion. According to Jedd, other housing agencies nationwide are calling him, too. They’ve heard the news—that the Denver team won the Challenge program’s top prize of $500,000, and some want to start their own projects. From Jedd’s perspective, a lot of the credit goes to his partners, including those at the DHA, GRID Alternatives, SolarTAC and other agencies and firms, including Ensight Energy, a woman- and minority-owned business. “I think my secret to success is hanging around a lot of smart people,” he said.
The second place Challenge prize of $200,000 went to the Rural Renewable Energy Alliance (RREAL), a non-profit based in Backus, Minnesota. RREAL has worked to reimagine low- income energy assistance by integrating the benefits of community-owned solar with conventional programs, like the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP). The RREAL team deployed a total of seven solar projects during the Challenge—five throughout the Leech Lake Nation in rural Minnesota, one on low-income housing in Duluth and one at a community action agency in Vermont. Each project provided experience with specific aspects of RREAL’s business model and its approach to community education and empowerment.
RREAL’s partnerships with community action agencies, established both during and after the official close of the Challenge program, are delivering the strong practical benefits of solar energy to low-income families. For example, these local agencies, which often run LIHEAP programs, can use the same application process and criteria for participation in solar-benefit and LIHEAP programs, saving time and lowering costs all around. From a broader perspective, RREAL’s Executive Director Jason Edens noted that while LIHEAP and similar energy assistance funds can help, “they are a stopgap, and not a solution.” RREAL envisions a way to break the cycle of low-income energy emergencies, which range from unpaid bills to the difficult choice to “heat or eat” by pairing conventional assistance with long-term investments in solar generation. RREAL’s test projects have helped host agencies pass along solar-related savings month after month, and these savings typically add up to 20 percent or more off their client’s electricity bills. If replicated by the thousand community action agencies that are scattered nationwide, the total impact of this strategy could be enormous.
RREAL’s development director, Vicki O’Day, said the Challenge award is not the end of this story. The next phase includes developing what she calls a Pay for Success model for financing community based solar projects. “This is a form of social impact investing,” she explained, “where the investor could be a public agency, a foundation or an individual who expects a reliable, outcome-based return, but perhaps over a longer time and with greater public involvement. That brings lasting value to the community.” O’Day, who has a background in banking, said that for her, broadening access to solar is a result of applying smart, cutting edge financing and organizational strategies that result in systemic change.
Challenge projects that won smaller awards and honorary mentions shared a dedication to creative problem solving. Teams proved you can make an economic case for directing solar benefits toward disadvantaged customers, regardless of the community’s prevailing political allegiance. For example, the Kerrville (Texas) Public Utility Board (KPUB) worked with team members from Schneider Engineering, the Texas Department of Housing and Community Affairs, RES Americas, NextEra Energy to build four solar projects for the utility’s low-income customers and non-profits that serve community needs. Three of the projects are open to subscribers, as well as to the project hosts. So far, KPUB’s total solar capacity is 3.7 MW.
KPUB General Manager Mike Wittler said community solar economics penciled out for the utility because the project saves on wholesale energy transmission and other peak-demand costs. The project also helps customers who truly need help with their electric bills, and it preserves the utility’s relationship with non-profit customers, who represent the heart of the community. These include Schreiner University and a ranch that offers popular family camps and multi-cultural educational retreats. If the utility had not stepped up with solar, those customers might have been tempted to go around the local, public power utility to get solar energy benefits.
Wittler said, “Don’t get me wrong: We’re a red county, as (conservative) as they come. But our Board sees the benefits of local solar.” Now KPUB is considering ways to expand solar opportunities, as well as energy efficiency and other strategies to keep the community strong.
The variety among Challenge projects is impressive, but so is the network that project teams have built across the political spectrum and the urban/rural divide. Over the 18-month program term, similarities among the teams’ struggles emerged, along with opportunities to work together. For example, Fellowship Energy, a project out of Burlingame, California, won a Challenge runner-up prize for designing a loan instrument that can leverage tax credits to install solar at local Episcopal churches, while meeting tough Internal Revenue Service regulations for non-profits. Even with access to the tax credits, Fellowship Energy found it difficult to attract investors with a tax appetite, willing to work with individual churches. The churches’ collateral—in the form of sanctuaries and steeples and earnings from the collection basket—is hardly fungible. To tackle this problem, Fellowship Energy worked up the chain, eventually receiving support from the overarching Episcopal Church Building Fund. Working with the Fund, Fellowship Energy was able to finance a total of 4 MW of solar, lowering 16 individual churches’ operating costs and freeing more church money for community service work. During the Challenge, Fellowship Energy’s CEO, Philip Kwait, did not know that 2,600 miles away in rural West Virginia, another Challenge project was working on a similar solution to the same problem. Solar Holler, in Shepherdstown, West Virginia, was pursuing financing with the national Presbyterian Church Building Fund. When Kwait learned about Solar Holler, he was anxious to compare notes on solar finance for the church market. “It would be great if we could talk,” he said, adding that competition between fledgling solar financiers was no deterrent. “The problem is big enough for all of us,” he said.
According to Challenge Program Manager Jaishankar, workshops like the ones at ASES’ past solar conferences and other trainings on technology and finance were an important part of the Challenge program effort. Many low-income stakeholders, as well as many professionals who are women and/or people of color, have had limited experience with solar development and scant opportunities to develop leadership skills due to layers of challenges related to institutionalized biases and poverty. As a result, it was sometimes hard for teams to realize their solar development goals at full scale, or as quickly as they had hoped. For example, the Brooklyn (New York) Solar Pioneers, which won an honorable mention, triggered a relatively modest 300 kW of solar. But their deeper achievement was broadening access to information, job-training and empowerment, to serve future solar development efforts. The Pioneers prepared more than 50 Solar Ambassadors—many of them young people—to share their understanding of solar opportunities across the neighborhood and beyond.
A true effort to change the face of solar energy means accepting that progress cannot unfold in familiar ways. As new solar innovators from disadvantaged communities join what ASES has called the “Race to Renewables”, conventional leaders and newcomers alike may not feel perfectly at ease. Brilliant ideas may come from people who have never submitted a blind abstract or addressed top-level policymakers before. It is also likely that efforts to pioneer solar opportunities within rising communities will face unexpected hurdles. For example, so many Challenge teams faced project delays that the Challenge program ultimately allowed teams to revisit and revise their original solar-development goals. That change, Jaishankar said, fueled greater enthusiasm to succeed in the end.
Karen Soares’, Challenge team from Barber-Scotia College (BSC), a historically black college in Concord, NC, is one of several teams whose indomitable spirits are not reflected on the roster of Challenge award winners. The BSC team aimed to develop 2 MW of solar, including a storage-battery project on the campus, as the centerpiece of a planned renewable energy workforce development program. Soares said her team finally reached agreement with the city, to partner on a 500-kW solar PPA. Unfortunately, that was one month after the deadline to apply for the Challenge competition. That project, and hopefully another that is in the works, will complement a campus greenhouse project that has already been completed. The college, which is still deeply in debt after losing accreditation 15 years ago, now sees its future in training and retraining trades people and entrepreneurs to meet the needs of a new, clean energy economy.
When she presented at the ASES-sponsored Challenge Workshop last year, Soares spoke more from the heart than from concise bullet points. Doing so she won the moral support of her colleagues. “It was wonderful to be there, just to be exposed to so many new ideas and to engage with people who have at least some of the answers,” she said. Soares laughed as she recalled a catch-phrase she shared at that time, which captured how she and some of the other Challenge participants felt about their broadening solar network: “We were inspired to aspire beyond our desire.”
About the Author
Jill Cliburn (cliburnenergy.com) is a leader in community-scale solar and DERs. She is an ASES Fellow | <urn:uuid:5c536f51-1bc5-485e-9055-2d95da6a5aa5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ases.org/challenging-the-norm-and-changing-the-face-of-solar-power/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571090.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809215803-20220810005803-00067.warc.gz | en | 0.956912 | 2,916 | 2.640625 | 3 |
Volume 12, Number 8
Hacienda Commuters Offered Free Transit, Attended Bicycle Parking, Other Services on "Spare the Air Days"
Commuters have always been urged to utilize transit services on Spare the Air days, when weather conditions combine with car exhaust to create unhealthy conditions. This year, though, there are more reasons than ever to do so, as several organizations are teaming to provide free transit – and more – on Spare the Air days.
Spare the Air Day? Take BART for Free
If “free” is your favorite price, you’ll enjoy this new program from BART, the Metropolitan Transportation Commission, and the Bay Area Air Quality Management District. On the first five weekday Spare the Air days between now and October 15, anyone entering a BART station between the start of service (around 4:30 a.m., varying by station) and 9:00 a.m. is entitled to a free morning commute.
“Cars and trucks are the biggest sources of air pollution in the Bay Area, so it’s important to reduce their use on days when weather conditions might make pollution a health hazard,” says Judi Goldblatt of RIDES for Bay Area Commuters. “It’s also important for the region to maintain compliance with air quality standards so that we receive the maximum level of federal transportation funding for which we’re eligible.”
Bikers Benefit, Too
Spare the Air day benefits extend to bicyclists, too. BART and the East Bay Bicycle Coalition will be sponsoring free attended bicycle parking areas on Spare the Air days as a way of helping create car-free commutes. The bike stations will operate from 6:30 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. at the East Dublin/Pleasanton BART station as well as the Walnut Creek, North Berkeley, Downtown Berkeley, and Embarcadero stations.
“It’s valet parking for bicyclists,” explains BART project manager Sarah Syed. “These will be full-service facilities where cyclists will be able to check in their bicycles in the morning and receive a claim check and head to work without any worries.”
If the program is well received, she adds, it may mean that bicycle parking would be expanded on a permanent basis. “We’re hoping we can build support for more long-term improvements for bicycle parking at the stations.”
WHEELS is Always Free for Hacienda Employees, Residents
As a reminder, Hacienda employees and residents can always travel free on WHEELS buses and DART service, regardless of whether it’s a Spare the Air day or not.
WHEELS buses run throughout the Tri-Valley area to several locations in Hacienda, and WHEELS I-680 express bus service provides a direct link for people commuting to or from the Concord/Walnut Creek area. WHEELS buses also meet all incoming BART and ACE trains during the peak commute hours to shuttle Hacienda employees to their business or to the train. During off-peak commute hours, WHEELS DART service shuttles Hacienda employees to the BART station as well as other destinations on demand. Pass holders can also travel on any of the lines to other locations.
Getting a WHEELS pass is easy. Simply access the Hacienda web site at www.hacienda.org and choose “Services” from the main menu, then “Commute Solutions” and “Free WHEELS Pass” from the drop-down menus. Requests can also be phoned to the Hacienda Transportation Hotline at (925) 734-6551. Passes will be delivered to businesses within Hacienda or to a valid address within one of Hacienda’s residential communities: Archstone, Avila, Siena, Valencia, or Verona.
Other Hacienda transit benefits include first-time rider promotions like free passes for BART, the ACE commuter rail, and SMART buses. Check the Hacienda web site for details.
Stay Informed About Spare the Air
The trick to taking advantage of many of these incentives is knowing when a Spare the Air day will occur. Fortunately, that’s easy to do. Simply access www.sparetheair.com and click on the Air Alert logo, or go directly to airalert.sparetheair.org, and enter your e-mail address. You’ll be notified of upcoming Spare the Air days the day before they happen, allowing you plenty of time to make plans for your commute.
For additional information about any of these programs and services, contact the Hacienda Owners Association at (925) 734-6500.
Also in this issue ...
- Richmond American Homes Moves Headquarters to Hacienda
- Dream Dinners Helps Busy People Create Home-Cooked Meals
- Business Bits
- Executive Profile: Ed Krafchow, Prudential California Realty
- The Carden West School Approaches Education at an Individual Level
- Hunter Travel Managers Takes the Hassle Out of Business Travel
- Get to Know Your Local Transit Operator
- Hacienda Commuters Offered Free Transit, Attended Bicycle Parking, Other Services on "Spare the Air" Days
- Coldwell Banker Turning Used Cell Phones into Affordable Housing
- PPIE Introduces New Event as Ott Begins as Executive Director
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On September 1st Europe is set to ban halogen light bulbs. The ban could save consumers around £112 a year as they switch to LED alternatives.
The humble halogen light bulb has been a fixture of our streets and homes for the last 60 years but their high-tech glow began to fade as the LED lights started to slash energy bills (and emissions) over the last decade.
The ban, set to come into effect on September first, will still allow old halogen stock to be sold and certain types of bulbs will be exempt (for example – oven lights).
The ban is estimated to slash Europen carbon emissions by 15 million tonnes a year. An amount equivalent to Portugal’s total energy annual energy consumption. The switch to LEDs could save consumers as much as £122 a year; factoring in lower energy usage and the longer lifespan of LED bulbs.
Brexit & Bulbs
UKIP has come out against the ban. Jonathan Bullock took aim at the ban stating “customers should have the freedom of choice in bulbs and it shouldn’t be imposed by the EU.”
However, if the halogen bulb is revived in a post-Brexit world, the only options for consumers would be inefficient imports from China. Bulbs which could add as much as £90 a year to household energy costs.
The cheaper up-front cost of Halogen bulbs is clearly a false economy. Not only are running costs more expensive but LEDs last around 15-20 years vs around 2 years for a Halogen Bulb.
The Guardian points out that around 40% of European Energy is consumed by buildings and that 15% of that is lighting. That means the current carbon footprint of lighting is higher than shipping and air-travel combined.
By slashing the energy used by lighting the EU can also slash its carbon emissions. | <urn:uuid:00a2c595-e63d-4ba2-8995-217cf85877cd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.borntoengineer.com/europe-ban-halogen-lights-brexit-revival | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570765.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808031623-20220808061623-00268.warc.gz | en | 0.962404 | 377 | 2.65625 | 3 |
Faith or Consciousness
By Chuck Danes
Faith or Consciousness
What Are You Projecting In Faith? Carefully Examine The Quality Of Your Consciousness and The Answer Becomes Clearly Evident.
By Chuck Danes
There are two words that are synonymous with and determine precisely how the events, conditions and circumstances in each and every area of your life come into physical being, although many "perceive" these words to have differing meanings.
However perceived, should one choose to delve deeply enough into discovering the ultimate cause for the various experiences in the physical world, whether physically, financially, relationally, emotionally or spiritually, they would soon discover that whether those experiences are perceived as "good" or "bad", right or wrong, wondrous or horrific, it is due to this one ultimate cause, regardless of what it might be called based on individual preference, that these experiences come into being.
This cause is known, depending on your personal preference for defining it, as faith or consciousness.
Faith and consciousness, one defining and being inseparable from the other determine and create the same result. Your predominantly focused consciousness is the determining factor as to what you have faith will happen in your life and the quality of faith is reflected through the quality of consciousness that you choose. As a result it does 100% of the time without fail unfold as you choose.
Far too often the word "faith" alienates those who might not have a particular religious preference or belief yet whether you choose to look at it from a religious, spiritual or scientific perspective, or even through the simple observation of nature, the inevitable outcome is certain and unwavering and cannot be bypassed or escaped from.
Far too many confuse religious doctrine with spirituality yet they are VERY different. What I refer to as spiritual has absolutely nothing to do with man made religious dogma regardless of which that might be.
The spiritual realm as I refer to it here, is the unseen realm from where all things seen or "physical" come from. Some may choose to call this the metaphysical or the quantum realm as defined by quantum physicists.
Regardless of your personal choices, Faith which is reflected and determined by consciousness is the seed of all of creation in your physical world. Faith is non physical in nature. You can't see, feel, touch, taste or hear faith. It is spiritual or if you prefer metaphysical in nature. Faith is determined at the level of thought…of consciousness. What you believe in, what you believe will happen or not happen in your life determines the level and quality of faith that you hold and as a result project which determines what will be experienced in your life at some point.
In the same way consciousness is the seed for all of creation in the world. Whatever your predominant focus and thought processes remain fixated upon represents the kind and quality of the faith that you hold.
Put another way...as mentioned, faith and consciousness are inseparable.
Looking at it from the perspective of nature, you can plant a seed based on an intention of producing a desired outcome but if you make the choice to choke it out with poison, and/or place a pre-emergent on it, inevitably the originally intended harvest created as a result of the seed cannot and will not grow.
In the same way you can choose a desired outcome at the level of consciousness (thought) and poison it with additional thoughts of "This is NEVER going to happen" which in essence is poisoning or placing pre-emergent on the originally intended outcome and just as certainly, it can't and won't grow either.
Relating it more to your individual life…
If you have a desire to experience monetary wealth for example, but your predominant thought process or consciousness is fixated on being broke and/or lacking in any area of life, you are in essence projecting a "faith" that those outcomes will be experienced and as a result of that focused intention…that faith…that quality of consciousness…they are just as you have "faith" that they will.
To change the outcome from "undesirable" to desirable, you merely need to change the predominant focus of what your consciousness remains fixated upon. This can prove to be a difficult task for many because most are taught and as a result "perceive" that what they are currently seeing and experiencing in the physical world, more specifically in their life, is real and unchangeable from a physical perspective. What is currently being experienced is being experienced as the result of the faith that was held in the past. Most develop beliefs based only on what they can see and experience which only serves to create more of the same. Faith is the substance of things "hoped" for the evidence of things "not" seen.
Many can and do consciously hope for a desired result yet the underlying "beliefs"…the "subconscious" beliefs and thought processes acquired and repeated throughout life are creating a different result than that hoped for. To become aware of and change these underlying creative forces, you only need become conscious of the consistent and predominant conscious thought processes which are creating the results being experienced.
Having a desire to create a specific outcome in life on a conscious level with underlying beliefs and thought processes which contradict those outcomes is nothing more than "wishful thinking."
Far too many times individuals allow the physical events, conditions and circumstances of the past to mold, shape and determine the beliefs that they currently hold without the deeper understanding that it is those beliefs, the level of faith, that quality of consciousness held at some point in the past which created those events, conditions and circumstances to begin with.
Until the belief is changed…the faith…the quality of consciousness which is ultimately responsible for creating it, the outcomes being experienced CANNOT and WILL NOT change.
This flawed "perception" of reality, that what is happening here and now or based on the undesired outcomes experienced in the past, only serves to create fear that those outcomes will be experienced and repeated at some point in the future which in essence is creating and projecting a "faith" or quality of consciousness that they will, and as a result they do.
A "fear" of something undesirable happening is a form of faith just as a belief of something perceived as positive is a faith. Faith or consciousness makes no distinctions as to what might be perceived as "good" or "bad" but only produces outcomes in the physical world which correlate with the faith or quality of consciousness which you have the choice to think or not.
Real Power...Infinite Power comes from Faith or Consciousness.
It is this "unseen" and often unnoticed or misunderstood power which is responsible for determining and creating what is "perceived" as real in the physical sense, further substantiating and supporting the fact that because it is being or has been experienced in physical form, it MUST be real. It is only being "experienced" as real due to the faith or quality of consciousness which created it. All things "perceived" as reality begins at the level of consciousness. What you have faith in at the unseen level, based on the quality of consciousness that is held is what brings it into physical being which determines that "perception." But be assured it is only a perception of reality NOT reality in itself.
The reality is…You can experience in life, in YOUR physical world, ANYTHING that you choose without limitation once you develop the understanding as well as the ability to consciously focus and have faith that the desired outcome will be experienced.
Reality is "Infinite" in nature. The reality is that anything that can be conceived in consciousness and held in faith can, will and must be created in the physical world without limitation. In reality there exists no limitation whatsoever. The ONLY place where limitation exists is based on a "perception" of reality. The word Infinite is difficult for many to grasp and fully comprehend. Infinite entails anything and everything whether your perception of it is good or bad.
The REAL reality is that whatever you choose at the level of consciousness…what you have faith will happen…WILL and DOES.
Power….REAL POWER is held at the level of consciousness. Real power, the power that molds and shapes EVERY aspect of your life is based only on the faith that you hold…the quality of consciousness that you project which determines with unwavering certainty 100% of the time without fail what is brought into the physical realm and experienced in each and every area of your life.
If those outcomes are less than desired you only need change the "faith" or the quality of consciousness which is creating them and forming your current "perceptions of reality."
Everything which has been or will be experienced in the physical world began at the unseen level, at the level of consciousness based on the "faith" that was held and projected which created it.
What you are experiencing here and now today is the result of what you were "being" at some point in the past. It does not determine or limit what is possible for you in the future unless you choose to allow it to. Whatever is and will be experienced in the future is only limited by the level of faith or the quality of consciousness that you choose RIGHT NOW.
Become conscious of that fact, develop the belief in it's unwavering certainty, consciously choose what you allow your consciousness to focus on… what you are proclaiming and projecting faith in… learn to "consciously" apply it's immutable, unwavering and "Infinite" power and your life will become one of joy, fulfillment, profound inner peace and limitless prosperity in each and every area.
Now you only need ask yourself…What have you been choosing? What are you currently choosing? The answer to that question will provide you with the answer as to what you will experience at some point in the future which is whatever YOU choose to experience.
The real beauty of it all is that YOU get to choose. What's even better than that is the fact that you ALWAYS get to be right...unconditionally.
Chuck Danes is the founder of Enlightened Journey Enterprises as well as an author, coach, personal performance trainer and the creator of The 7 Hidden Keys To Conscious Creation. For more than 3 decades Chuck has been assisting individuals around the world from all walks of life, in bridging the gap between where they are and where they truly desire to be in the physical, financial, relational, mental, emotional and spiritual aspects of their lives. Chuck's monthly personal empowerment ezine, Enlightened Journey is freely distributed to tens of thousands in 194 countries around the world.
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Chapel on the Site Where the Wife of Ivan the Terrible Gave Birth. Three Versts from Feodor Stratilat Monastery. Pereslavl-Zalesskii
Shown here is a memorial chapel near Pereslavl-Zalesskii at the site on which Tsaritsa Anastasiia Romanovna, wife of Ivan the Terrible, gave birth in 1557 to the royal couple’s third son, Feodor. Located three kilometers from the Monastery of Saint Theodore Stratilites on the southern approach to the town, the original chapel was built of wood. In the mid 17th century it was rebuilt in brick in an ornate style typical of the period. Dedicated to Saint Theodore, the chapel was known as “The Cross” because of the presence of a large cross within it. The deterioration of the structure in the 19th century led to its precise measurement in the 1880s by the architect Vladimir Suslov, a pioneer in the study of Russian architecture. Following Suslov’s work, the chapel was disassembled and rebuilt in 1889. The image is by Russian photographer Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorskii (1863–1944), who used a special color photography process to create a visual record of the Russian Empire in the early 20th century. Some of Prokudin-Gorskii’s photographs date from about 1905, but the bulk of his work is from between 1909 and 1915, when, with the support of Tsar Nicholas II and the Ministry of Transportation, he undertook extended trips through many parts of the empire. In the summer of 1911 Prokudin-Gorskii photographed ancient towns, such as Pereslavl-Zalesskii, located to the northeast of Moscow
Title in Original Language
Часовня на месте, где разрешилась супруга Иоанна Грознаго: 3-х верст. от монаст. Феодора Стратилата. Переяславль-Залесский
Type of Item
Glass negative (presented as a digital color composite)
- Prokudin-Gorskii’s photographic work survives primarily in two forms: 1,901 black-and-white triple-frame glass plate negatives, made with color separation filters, which Prokudin-Gorskii used to make color prints and lantern slides; and 12 albums of sepia-tone prints, made from the glass negatives, which Prokudin-Gorskii compiled as a record of his travels and studies. The Library of Congress purchased the glass plate negatives and the albums from the Prokudin-Gorskii family in 1948. In 2004, the Library of Congress had digital color composites made from all the surviving glass negatives using a software algorithm to automatically align the color components. As with most historical photographs, title and subject identifications are corrected and enhanced through new research. Current information on the collection is at http://www.loc.gov/pictures/collection/prok/.
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488 Hurt Road Southwest
Smyrna, GA 30082
The goal of our Early Childhood summer classes is to provide a fun extension of their Montessori classroom. The classes can be used for care throughout the summer or for a short session of enrichment.
For our Elementary campers, our summer sessions include a range of fun and stimulating sessions in sports, arts, outdoor education, and academic enrichment. In addition, Elementary campers will enjoy field trips to various locations around town.
Campers ages 4 and up have weekly swimming lessons located at our Covered Bridge Montessori School campus. We also occasionally offer "Splash Day" in which all ages can participate in water play.
You may choose to attend any or all the summer sessions. Each session has a special focus or theme allowing you the flexibility to plan an active, exciting, and educational summer for your child.
Arts & Crafts, Sports, Performing Arts, Dance, Academics, Multiple Types
3 Years Old, 4 Years Old, 5 Years Old, 6 Years Old, 7 Years Old, 8 Years Old, 9 Years Old
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By Marty Denzer
Catholic Key Associate Editor
“ ‘… For I was hungry and you gave me food, … thirsty and you gave me drink, a stranger and you welcomed me, naked and you clothed me, ill and you cared for me, in prison and you visited me … Amen, I say to you, whatever you did for one of these least brothers of mine, you did for me.’ ” Matthew 25:35, 36 & 40.
PARKVILLE — Wouldn’t it be grand if someone could say we lived out this passage? That’s exactly what Father Chuck Tobin did, in his homily June 28 about his older brother, Father Pat Tobin, who died June 24 at the age of 86, just 4 months after celebrating the 60th anniversary of his priestly ordination.
Father Chuck described him lovingly, with a younger brother’s occasional exasperation; the words touched a chord with everyone in St. Therese Church.
He began with Pope Francis’ recent urging of priests worldwide to “bring the healing power of the Lord’s grace to every person … stay close to the marginalized.’” And he noted that Francis also said that priests should live their lives as “’shepherds, smelling like the sheep.’”
“Pat Tobin smelled like the sheep” — a shepherd to all those he served, loved and cared for, Father Chuck continued, “he loved them deeply, and they loved him in return.”
He reminded the packed church of all “Pat’s corny jokes, which he would tell over and over to anyone listening. And they would laugh. Pat’s sense of humor was a sign that we all are one!”
Thomas Patrick was born in Maryville, Mo., June 10, 1930, the second child of Francis Vaughn Tobin and Nora (Kelly) Tobin.
The Tobin children, John, Pat, Kelly, Maurice, Mary and later Chuck, attended a one-room country school.
When Pat was 8 years old, Nora died of scarlet fever, leaving Francis to care for five children. Three years later, Father Pat told The Catholic Key in March, his father “married my favorite aunt, my mother’s sister Margaret Ellen, and we had two parents again!” A few years later they also had a new baby brother, Charles Phillip — Father Chuck.
Bishop Charles H. LeBlond of St. Joseph sent the Tobin kids to the “hill-top;” the boys to St. Benedict’s Maur Hill and Mary to Mount St. Scholastica boarding schools in Atchison, Kan. After graduating from Maur Hill in 1948, Pat was off to Benedictine College and later Kenrick Seminary in St. Louis.
When he was finishing his seminary studies, coadjutor Bishop John Cody of the St. Joseph Diocese summoned him to ask about ordination dates, as his calendar was filling up. “Would March 17 be all right?” he asked. Sixty years later, Irish Father Pat grinned, “Of course it was!”
Bishop Cody ordained Pat Tobin on St. Patrick’s Day, 1956, at St. Patrick’s Church (now St. Gregory Barbarigo) in Maryville. His first assignment was assistant at St. Joseph Cathedral.
Later that year, the dioceses of St. Joseph and Kansas City were realigned by Vatican decree, becoming the Diocese of Kansas City-St. Joseph.
In 1958, Pat was assigned to Immaculate Heart of Mary in Kansas City. He later assisted at Visitation, St. Michael’s and Christ the King parishes. He also served 18 years as associate director of Catholic Charities and 56 years on its board, beginning in 1959.
In the early 1960s, he resettled 120 Cuban families under adoption sponsorship of diocesan parishes and secured them low-cost housing. He obtained a chauffeur’s license and for four years drove a school bus to language classes and grocery stores. More than 50 years later, members of those families remembered his caring, sharing and laughter.
He was assigned to pastor Annunciation Parish in 1968, the year Martin Luther King, Jr. was assassinated, sparking riots nationwide, including Kansas City. Wanting to help spread calm, Father Pat wrote to Mother Teresa of Calcutta, asking for a recorded inspirational message for parish youth. Not long afterward, she called, asking him to meet her in Chicago. That led to a working relationship that would take Father Pat to more than 30 countries leading 8-day retreats for the Missionaries of Charity with Mother Teresa. He never forgot the experience, or her inspiration. He had hoped to be able to attend her canonization this September.
One of his favorite Mother Teresa-isms, “The Jesus in me loves the Jesus in you, and we’re both better for it,” Pat often said in blessing to friends.
Recalling his horror at the sight of a young Ethiopian boy stumbling to the ground and eating handfuls of dirt, and Mother Teresa saying that that was the only way he could dull his hunger pangs, Father Pat decided to do something to help Kansas City’s hungry.
Father Chuck likened his brother to a familiar Biblical family group, saying, “Pat Tobin was more like Martha than Mary. Yes, he was a person of prayer like Mary, but like Martha, he was always out there involved in all the details.”
It began in his garage. Father Pat collected excess groceries from stores. Soon however, supplier generosity coupled with the “aching need” of the poor outgrew the garage. He realized a warehouse system was needed where food could be stored and also serve as a conduit to the agencies who helped distribute food to the hungry. No single agency was equipped with the refrigerated storage facilities to handle the needed amount of food.
In 1979, Father Pat co-founded Harvesters, modeled on the first U.S. food bank, St. Mary’s in Arizona. He approached U.S. Cold Storage, which donated dry, refrigerated, and deep freeze storage facilities. Soon the food industry realized that because of its adherence to good food safety practices, Harvesters could be trusted as good stewards of donations.
Involved in every operational aspect, Father Pat encouraged support of Harvesters’ mission. A certified member of Feeding America, Harvesters now serves 26 counties in northwestern Missouri and northeastern Kansas. It provides 4 million pounds of food and related products monthly to more than 620 non-profit agencies including emergency food pantries, community kitchens, homeless shelters, children’s homes and others.
He was the only lifetime member of Harvesters’ board, recognized in 2007 with the Circle of Hope Hall of Fame Award for his longtime support, attendance at board meetings and events, more than 100 speeches about the food bank, and rolling up his sleeves to feed the hungry.
Father Pat later began addressing another aspect of malnutrition: safe drinking water, and became an advocate for water purifying filters.
While serving as pastor at St. Louis and Coronation parishes in the Kansas City area and later at St. Joseph Co-Cathedral, then St. Munchin, Cameron, Father Pat helped place more than 600 children in adoptive and foster homes; served as chaplain to three homes for pregnant teens, young women and babies; helped find jobs for 1,000+ youths through the Neighborhood Youth Corps, and served as a Jackson County Juvenile Court chaplain. Twice monthly he shuttled boys to Omaha, settling more than 100 at Father Flannigan’s Boys Town.
From 1981 – 88, Father Pat served pastorally at several parishes in the Kansas City area and in St. Joseph. Then he was appointed pastor of St. Munchin’s, Cameron in 1988. He began a ministry at Western Corrections Center, serving as chaplain and developing a work program wherein prisoners sacked food for the hungry and made educational blocks to aid children learning to read. The program allowed inmates to develop self-worth, while helping the poor. In 1992, he was honored as the Missouri Corrections Association Volunteer of the Year.
He also started gardens at the facility, and the produce was given to the poor.
In 1996, he was assigned to St. Patrick’s in St. Joseph, but illness forced him to resign. He was under medical care for a year.
In 1997 he returned to parish service, assigned to St. Therese Parish. In 2008, then-7th grader Katie Hibbeler nominated him as the Kindest Kansas Citian. She wrote, “Father Pat has inspired me to be a good person and make a commitment to help others … He is a great Kansas Citian … American … philanthropist. … the ultimate role model.”
His brother “loved the priesthood, all 60 years of it,” Father Chuck said. “And he loved the people of St. Therese parish.”
Father Pat retired in 2009, and lived at Little Sisters of the Poor from 2010 – 2015. He then moved to Villa St. Francis in Olathe, Kan.
Father Chuck described his brother’s last day as “a gift.” He attended Mass, was anointed and ate lunch. He then returned to his room, and “was called home.”
In conclusion, Father Chuck said, “A source of love; Pat was that, in spades. We will miss him.”
Father Pat was preceded in death by his parents; infant brothers, Kieran J. and Terrance; brother John; sister-in-law Carlotta and brother-in-law Geary Mahr. He is survived by brothers: Kelly (Irene) Tobin, Maurice (Joan) Tobin, Father Chuck Tobin, his sister Mary Tobin Mahr; numerous nephews, nieces and his fellow priests of the Kansas City-St. Joseph Diocese. He was buried in the Tobin family plot in St. Patrick’s Cemetery, Maryville.
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Triple-A in Brief
“Enhancing at an Early Stage the Investment Value Chain of Energy Efficiency Projects” (Triple-A) has a practical result-oriented approach, seeking to identify which investments can be considered as Triple-A investments, fostering sustainable growth, while also having an extremely strong capacity to meet their commitments, already from the first stages of investments generation and preselection/ pre-evaluation.
The focus lays in answering the following questions:
- How to assess the financing instruments and risks at an early stage?
- How to agree on the Triple-A investments, based on selected key performance indicators?
- How to assign the identified investment ideas with possible financing schemes?
In particular, the Triple-A scheme is introduced, for identifying “Triple-A” energy efficiency investments, aiming to reduce the respective time and effort required at the crucial phase of the investments conceptualization, as well as to increase transparency and efficiency of respective decision making. By introducing this new scheme, Triple-A seeks to make energy efficiency investments more transparent, predictable and attractive for investors / financiers and project developers.
The Triple-A scheme comprises three critical steps, with the following main outputs:
Step 1 - Assess: Based on Member States risk profiles and mitigation policies, including a Web-based Database on Energy Efficiency Financing, enabling national and sectoral comparability, market maturity identification, good practices experiences exchange, reducing thus uncertainty for investors. The Assess Tool developed in this step, acts as a Risk Assessment Tool, checking and also ensuring the EU Taxonomy compliance of energy efficiency investments. It leads to a pre-screening of investment ideas at EU level, in accordance with the country context and sectors specific characteristics, also taking into consideration the categorisation of financing instruments and risk mitigation strategies. A pipeline of more about 100 energy efficiency financially attractive projects has emerged through this step.
Step 2 - Agree: Based on Based on standardised Triple-A tools, efficient benchmarks , and guidelines, translated in consortium partners’ languages, accelerating and scaling up investments. In Step 2, key performance indicators (KPIs) have been selected to agree on the Triple-A investments per case-study country from the pipeline of the previous step. The benchmarking method is based on a multicriteria classification method, taking into account major Economic, Risk (as calculated in the Assess Tool) and energy specific Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) criteria. The particular approach, enables the agreement on the 50-80 Triple-A investments that being produced from this step.
Step 3 - Assign: Based on in-country demonstrations, replicability and overall exploitation, including recommendations on what energy efficiency investments are realistic and feasible in the national and sectoral context, as well as on how they could be financed in practice in the short or medium term. In-country demonstrations of the investments, through the standardised Triple-A Tools are taken place. The Agree Tool is a multidimensional platform consisting of numerous interfaces according to the different types of beneficiaries and energy efficiency financing instruments. The previous steps have already determined whether an examined project fiche is feasible and realistic, and what form it should take. This step is the match making step of the examined investments idea with the possible financing schemes. It is the last procedure that shapes the pathway to be followed by involved parties to achieve delivery (contracts, underwriting procedures, etc.). This step results to the elaboration of 50 project fiches.
Case Study Countries
The eight Triple - A case study countries were selected to promote diversity across a number of factors, including: a leading European economy (Germany), an innovation front-runner in energy (The Netherlands), a weak economy, went through one of the longest and most severe recessions (Greece), an economy with slow economic recovery (Italy), a diversified economy with a strategic geographical location having some of the largest European firms (Spain), a country that has experienced one of the fastest economic recoveries in Europe (Lithuania), a progressing country with a once sceptical stance towards low-carbon development (Czech Republic), and a country, recovering from a slow transition to a market economy, with growing regional strategic role and significant ambition towards EU processes (Republic of Bulgaria).
Set the ground for building investors and financiers confidence
By analysing this big amount of successfully completed ongoing projects (e.g. DEEP and SEAF) and feedback by the stakeholders through appropriate bottom-up consultation scheme (e.g. structured interviews), Triple-A identifies and elaborates appropriate financing instruments and risk mitigation strategies, as well as suggests the most suitable financing programs/models per case-study. A cross-country analysis is available through the Triple-A Web-based Database on Energy Efficiency Financing, supporting:
- The identification of risks towards energy efficiency projects implementation.
- The reduction of uncertainty for investors / financiers.
- The knowledge for energy efficiency financing options for the project developers.
- The replicability of innovative financial instruments from the policy makers.
This database enables comparability per Member State and identification of market maturity, leading to a fruitful policy analysis for scaling-up energy efficiency investments and reducing the uncertainty for investors / financiers. The Triple-A database supports the exchange of experiences regarding good practices among EU MS and facilitates the replicability of them.
Provide standardised Triple-A tools and benchmarks to effectively assess sustainable energy investments and integrate energy efficiency in investors and financiers’ overall investments strategy
Triple-A integrates / upgrades the existing methods and tools developing a coherent and transparent new scheme “Assess-Agree-Assign”, along with guidelines, template contracts and procedures. Standardised Tools identify Triple-A investments options in each case-study country to mitigate these risks and support the identification of sustainable investment pathways for each Triple-A investment, by considering all the difficulties regarding the characteristics of each project and the legislative and socioeconomic framework of the country.
Ensure proper provision of recommendations based on lessons learnt from the in-country demonstrations
Triple-A showcases, using also interactive maps and graphs, etc., Triple-A investments and robust financing programs/models in the targeted countries, acting as first-of-a-kind demonstration for the banks, institutional investors and asset managers. The experience gathered in this in-country demonstration facilitates and accelerates the replicability and scaling of the Standardised Triple-A Tools and benchmarks. The findings are being used to address the Triple-A objectives, leading to concrete recommendations.
Several stakeholder groups that participate in the entire energy efficiency investments value chain are the ones that provide the required knowledge to achieve the objectives of Triple-A are presented, with their interactions.
Financing bodies and the companies / project developers are the major recipient of all actions and key Triple – A beneficiaries. Additional target groups that enables the development, implementation, testing and exploitation of the proposed Triple-A innovative scheme for energy efficiency financing are policy makers and policy support institutes, researchers and academics in business and techno – economic fields, and other groups.
Work StructureStakeholders Facilitative Dialogue and Capacity Building
Stakeholders’ dialogue plays the most vital role in the project. The establishment of the Triple-A Stakeholder Groups is considered crucial. Several structured interviews takes place involving regional Triple-A stakeholders in the design of the knowledge database. Regional Training Workshops in the participating countries are organized validating also the key outcomes.Energy Efficiency Financing Risks and Mitigation Strategies
A typology of risk and uncertainty factors that are relevant to energy efficiency investments and financing instruments across all different sectors are developed on the grounds of desk and market research, complemented with feedback from stakeholders through various ways. An overview on the available financial programs/models, financing instruments and different risk sharing mechanisms, as well as best cases scenarios for different types of risks and energy efficiency projects are presented. The results are being available through the interactive and Web-based Database on Energy Efficiency Financing. (incl. interactive maps and graphs, etc.).Tools and Benchmarks for Mainstreaming Energy Efficiency Investments
The Standardised Triple-A Tools are developed to support and facilitate the private sector finance for energy efficiency projects. The overall architecture, technical design and implementation of the Standardised Triple-A tools and benchmarks will be elaborated. The interoperability of the Triple-A Web based knowledge platform with several European Platforms for strategic investments is also foreseen, while benchmarks of energy efficiency investment capture the likelihood of such investments to attain expected performance targets.In-country Demonstration of Triple-A Investments
Identification of Triple-A energy efficiency projects and robust financing programs/models answering the needs and priorities of financing market actors through the Standardised Triple-A tools and benchmarks. Project fiches are elaborated that outline the purpose of each identified investment project, the way it will be structured and how it will be successfully implemented.Synthesis and Sustainability
Triple-A Recommendations summarise the key findings gained within this project, supporting the formulation of policy frameworks and market architecture. An overall Exploitation and Sustainability strategy for the tools and methodologies developed in the project is delivered.Communication and Dissemination
Several dissemination and communication activities will take place, so as to engage all relevant target groups, from the production of online material, website, publication and posts in social media to the organisation of the Final European Roadshow Event on Energy Efficiency Financing. The communication and dissemination approach is designed to allow for a continuous exchange of information and to create the conditions for cooperation opportunities among key stakeholders.
Who We Are
EPU-NTUA (Project Coordinator) is a multidisciplinary scientific unit which operates within the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering. EPU-NTUA carries out research in the area of management and decision support for energy efficiency, promotion of energy technologies, energy regulation, policies/strategies and planning at national and community level, environmental planning at regional and national level, renewable energy sources technologies, climate change and sustainable development and energy conservation. EPU-NTUA has important working experience with financing institutions, previous experience in the implementation of relevant projects, as well as a team with significant related expertise and several publications in the field, coupled also through an in-depth experience in the development of a wide range of ICT-systems, e-platforms etc.Web: https://www.epu.ntua.gr
ABN AMRO serves Retail, Private and Corporate Banking clients with a focus on the Netherlands (third-largest bank in the Netherlands) and selective operations internationally. Clients are offered a comprehensive and full range of products and services through omni-channel distribution, including advanced mobile applications and internet banking. ABN AMRO offers in-depth financial expertise and extensive knowledge of numerous industry sectors. Internationally, the Group’s operations are based on specific expertise and established market positions.
IEECP is a non-profit international research institute that brings together top experts in energy efficiency and climate policy issues from various EU research organisations. The core team is comprised of specialists working in advisory roles for energy and carbon policy and market since its inception, and their evaluation, and on stakeholder consultation management practices for energy and climate policy. The research members have a demonstrable list of scientific publications (over 60) in scientific journals in the field of energy and climate policy.Web: http://www.ieecp.org
JRC, as an asset management institute, is dealing with the various types of investment and financing instruments and proficient with all aspects of risk assessment and management. As part of their business, they are experienced with creating / structuring financial products like bonds or funds for institutional as well as retail investors. With a long history of EU projects JRC has a strong network with both, organisations of the financial community, as well as international business and research institutions. JRC has a rich history and can be considered a senior player in the investing industry in Germany among SME financial services institutesWeb: https://jrconline.com/?lang=en
GFT (Italy) serves as a strategic information technology partner, which helps companies to optimize their business processes with intelligent and innovative IT solutions and highly skilled specialists, and to transform cutting-edge technological developments into future-proof business models. A major focus area is the maintenance and further development of business-critical core processes as well as the development of innovative solutions for the finance sector based on cutting-edge technological advances in the fields of Big Data, Mobility, Social Media and Cloud Computing.Web: https://www.gft.com/int/en/
CREARA energy efficiency & energy saving experts offers consulting, management and outreach programme services in the fields of energy efficiency, energy saving and renewable energies. CREARA (Spain) offers specialized engineering and consulting services and on the basis of its profound technical knowledge and experience, CREARA has become a leading expert its field. CREARA offers customized solutions for the implementation, development and starting up of policies that will optimize energy consumption and contributes to the sustainable and environmentally responsible development of its clients, which include companies, organizations and public administrations.Web: https://www.creara.es/?lang=en
adelphi is a non-profit and independent think tank and public policy consultancy. It analyses national and international environmental, energy and climate policies and carries out research projects on environmental, development and social issues. adelphi is a consulting company and think tank in Germany, with workstreams and several relevant projects in the areas ‘Sustainable Energy Finance’ and ‘Green Finance’. In these workstreams, adelphi consults both private and public sector financial institutions globally, including in Europe. adelphi’s mission is to improve global governance through research, dialogue and consultation. It offers demand-driven, tailor-made services for sustainable development, helping governments, international organizations, businesses and non-profits design strategies for addressing global challenges. Moreover, adelphi, as lead of the Expert Support Facility to the European Investment Bank’s PF4EE instrument, regularly organizes energy efficiency financing trainings and other capacity building workshops for PF4EE partner FIs, and thus is in a good position to exploit the potential PF4EE / Triple-A overlap in terms of trainings and other capacity building measures. Since 2001 adelphi has successfully completed over 800 projects worldwide on key areas such as Climate, Energy, Resources, Green Economy, Sustainable Business.Web: https://www.adelphi.de/en
PB leads a group of companies covering all financial activities in the Greek market (universal bank, the leading bank in the country in terms of assets). PB possesses particular know-how in the areas of medium-sized and small enterprises, in agricultural banking, in consumer and mortgage credit and green banking, capital markets and investment banking, as well as leasing and factoring. PB has a leading role in the national market regarding green investments, while being the biggest commercial lender in Greece and thus able to create, expand and shape the market. PB has built significant expertise and market share in the field of green banking with dedicated products, addressing both business and individual needs.Web: https://www.piraeusbank.gr/en/
UPRC is a business school in Greece currently running Departments covering among others the fields of Economics, Business Administration, Industrial Management, Financial Management and Banking. UPRC has been contributing to international research by participating in an increasingly more diverse range of EC funded research and innovation projects on techno-economic analysis & evaluation of energy systems, energy market modelling & design of new innovative market mechanisms, energy projects financing schemes, valuation of energy services and design of new business models, energy system planning etc..Web: https://teeslab.unipi.gr
Country: Czech Republic
SEVEn, is a not-for-profit consultancy company that has as mission to protect the environment and support economic development by encouraging more efficient use of energy. In the area of energy efficiency financing, SEVEn provides services to the actual project organisers, financial institutions and the grant administrators. For specific projects, SEVEn primarily focus on optimising them in the context of obtaining financial resources. For financial institutions, SEVEn usually provides services focused on appraising individual projects, from the standpoint of their technical design and the likelihood of achieving the planned economic results. SEVEn delivered, in the last few years, tailor-made assessments on energy investments to the biggest Czech banks, such as Komerční banka (translated as Commercial Bank, part of Société Générale); Česká spořitelna (translated as Czech Savings Bank, part of Austrian Erste Bank) or Českomoravská obchodní banka (translated as Czech and Moravian Commercial Bank, part of KBC). Furthermore, it is one of the key roles of APES (Association of Energy Services providers) to arrange and facilitate dialogue between investors and provider or banks and ESCOs.Web: http://www.svn.cz/en
VIPA (Lithuania) is a private limited liability company, governed by the government. VIPA acts as a national promotional institution with a focus on infrastructure financing. Main fields of VIPA activities are energy efficiency, environment, financial and budgetary provisions, financial services, regional policy and coordination of structural instruments. VIPA is involved in the programming period of 2014-2020: acts as a manager of financial instruments, implements other measures such as repayable assistance. VIPA is an active player in private investments attraction, as well as ESCO market development. VIPA also acts as a national promotional institution with a focus on infrastructure financing and is an active player in private investments attraction.Web: https://www.vipa.lt/
NTEF (Bulgaria) is a not-for-profit public organization that manages assets from the state budget, including under the Debt-for-Environment and the Debt-for-Nature swaps. NTEF plays the role of implementing agency of the National Green Investment Scheme, operating with the proceeds from the sales of AAU and from EU-ETS for energy efficiency projects, and also implementing investment programs - Mineral Waters and Electric vehicles. Since 2015, NTEF has been further conducting public awareness and educational activities on climate change. For the purpose of a more efficient use of public resources, NTEF has launched a pilot scheme for financing public energy efficiency projects, combining subsidy with guaranteed energy saving contracts (ESCO contracts) and also financing two pilot energy efficiency projects through the introduction of minimum standards, and adapting the protocols of the Investment Confidence Project (ICP). NTEF has working relationships with at least the three biggest commercial banks in Bulgaria, who are directly providing financing for the EE sector. These are Raiffeisen Bank, Societe Generale Bank and Unicredit Bulbank.Web: https://ecofund-bg.org/en/ | <urn:uuid:3a693604-2071-4295-8c63-eec6e9a14117> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://aaa-h2020.eu/about | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00468.warc.gz | en | 0.9257 | 3,966 | 2.140625 | 2 |
Natural Alternatives to Prednisone for Dogs – February 2022
Prednisone is a corticosteroid used in alleviating symptoms of skin conditions, breathing disorders, arthritis, auto-immune and allergic reactions like hives (13 ) . It suppresses the immune system and inhibits the release of inflammation-causing substances in the body.
Patients’ immune response to Prednisone is positive. It treats auto-immune diseases like ulcerative colitis (inflammatory bowel disease), lupus, and psoriasis.
This corticosteroid also treats central nervous system disorders and hormonal disorders such as Addison’s disease, a rare disorder where the sufferer’s adrenal gland is unable to produce ample amounts of cortisol and aldosterone hormones (14 ) .
Prednisone vs. Prednisolone
Prednisone and prednisolone are both synthetic glucocorticoids (steroid hormones). They can treat the same auto-immune, skin, central nervous system, and hormonal conditions. However, Prednisone still needs to be converted by liver enzymes before it can take effect (15 ) .
Doctors are more likely to prescribe prednisolone to patients who have severe liver diseases or cats as they lack the enzyme needed to break prednisone to prednisolone.
Can Prednisone be Used on Dogs?
Prednisone may be used on dogs but must be administered with caution (16 ) .
It is often used to treat Addison’s disease by supplementing dogs with glucocorticoids that their own body is unable to produce.
Prednisone can also treat dogs for the following conditions (17 ) :
- Some cancer forms
- High blood calcium levels (hypercalcemia)
- Central nervous system disorders
- Skin disease
An article by Dr. Tammy Hunter, DVM and Dr. Ernest Ward, DVM reveals that even if Prednisone and Prednisolone are synthetic or human-made corticosteroids, they are more potent than those that are naturally found in the body. Their effects last longer, too (18 ) .
Dogs on Prednisone should be monitored carefully for side effects. According to Hunter and Ward, the benefits outweigh the risks when using Prednisone on pets (19 ) .
Few side effects will occur when the medication is used correctly.
Similar to many drugs in veterinary medicine, despite Prednisone’s benefits, its use in animals has not been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (20 ) .
Prednisone Dosage for Dogs
If Prednisone is administered for its anti-inflammatory effects, the standard dosage for Prednisone in dogs is 0.5mg per kilogram. If it is used to treat immune system disorders in dogs, the dosage is 1mg per kilogram (21 ) .
When it comes to dosing Prednisone, use as much as is required to treat the symptoms but as little as possible to reduce the chances of the dog experiencing severe side effects (22 ) .
As soon as the dog’s condition improves, the slow tapering of the pet off Prednisone is suggested (23 ) .
According to Dr. Rania Gollakner, BS, DVM, in about 1 to 2 hours, Prednisone should take effect, and significant improvements in the dog should follow (24 ) .
Best combined with pet food, Prednisone comes in tablet, injectable, or liquid form (25 ) .
Dr. Barbara Forney recommends that Prednisone be given to dogs once daily, preferably in the morning (26 ) .
Side Effects of Prednisone on Dogs
Potential short-term side effects of Prednisone on dogs, especially on those who are taking it for its immunosuppressive properties are as follows (27 ) :
- Increased thirst
- Excessive urination
- Increased appetite
When Prednisone is given at higher doses or for long periods of time, more severe and long-term side effects may be observed (28 ) .
- Increased risk of infection
- Altered behavior including aggression
- Inhibited growth especially in young dogs
- Development or worsening of diabetes
- Cushing’s disease
- Ulceration of the digestive tract
- Delayed wound healing
A study conducted in 2015 revealed that dogs under corticosteroid treatment had shown adverse behavioral changes (29 ) .
It is also important to note that Dogs who are suffering from infections like fungal infections should not be given Prednisone. Corticosteroids will bring these out, even latent infections (30 ) .
Prednisone should also not be taken with drugs prone to causing ulcers, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), as doing so can result in stomach ulcers.
Natural Alternatives to Prednisone for Dogs
Because of Prednisone’s side effects on a dog’s body, some pet owners are turning to natural alternatives for their pet’s medical conditions.
Yucca Schidigera and Dogs
For joint pain and inflammation, Yucca Schidigera is a recommended natural alternative. Its extracts have anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory effects (31 ) .
Yucca is a medicinal plant from Mexico. It is available in tablet form.
Turmeric and Dogs
Instead of treating dogs with anti-inflammatory drugs, turmeric is a good alternative. A 2009 study shows that turmeric, particularly its curcumin compound, can be used to treat inflammation (32 ) .
Aside from being anti-inflammatory, turmeric also has antibacterial, antitumor, and antioxidant properties (33 ) .
CBD Oil and Dogs
Another natural alternative to Prednisone for dogs is CBD (Cannabidiol) oil, a non-psychoactive cannabinoid.
Most CBD benefits are reported on humans, especially its positive effects on epilepsy, anxiety, and different types of chronic pain (34 ) . However, it is suggested that the system that regulates the functions of cannabinoids, the endocannabinoid system (ECS), is the same for all animal species except insects (35 ) .
If the ECS of a human and a dog work the same way, it is suggested that CBD oil can be given to dogs as well.
According to a 2017 article (36 ) , CBD shares metabolic pathways with anti-inflammatory drugs. Thus, it can help alleviate the inflammatory conditions Prednisone treats.
A 2018 study concluded that dogs suffering from osteoarthritis experienced a significant decrease in pain when they were administered with CBD oil. They were also perceived to be more comfortable and active (37 ) , with no adverse effects when they were observed short-term.
Prednisone treats shock in dogs because of its ability to improve circulation. Similarly, studies have shown that CBD reduces high blood pressure and heart rate in stressful situations (38 ) .
The 2017 study also revealed that CBD increases cerebral blood flow (39 ) .
CBD can also help treat a dog’s itchy skin. Its protective role of the ECS could help reduce allergy in the skin (40 ) .
A study also discusses CBD’s role as a potent inhibitor of cancer growth and spread. The research also suggests that CBD can be combined with classical chemotherapeutic agents (41 ) .
Once CBD is used alongside chemotherapeutic agents, their dose and toxicity are reduced while the efficacy is maintained.
While Prednisone alleviates asthma symptoms, CBD could also be as effective.
A study in 2015 states that CBD’s immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory properties could help in the treatment of asthma (42 ) .
Despite these benefits, CBD also has side effects like dry mouth, lowered blood pressure, and drowsiness (43 ) .
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has not approved CBD use, so a dosing chart for dogs is not available.
Dog owners should administer small amounts of CBD at first and then monitor its effects. CBD can be given orally, combined with pet food, or used in massages.
Before including CBD in the dog’s regimen, it is recommended that pet parents inform their veterinarian first.
CBD and Prednisone
CBD and Prednisone should not be taken together. The liver enzyme cytochrome P450 metabolizes Prednisone for it to take effect on the body.
A study shows that CBD inhibits the enzyme system, thereby raising risks like amplifying Prednisone’s side effects (44 ) .
Prednisone can be used on dogs. Short-term use already presents side effects, but the more concerning ones come from large doses and long-term use of the drug.
For inflammation in dogs, the dosage of Prednisone is 0.5mg per pound. For immune system disorders, the dosage is 1mg per pound.
Using Prednisone on pets for an extended period of time could bring about adverse effects; hence, natural alternatives like CBD oil are recommended.
CBD oil helps treat the symptoms Prednisone is used for sans the adverse effects. These symptoms include inflammatory conditions, arthritis, shock, skin conditions, cancer, and asthma.
Pet owners should consult with their veterinarian before giving CBD to their dogs.
Does CBD Oil Interact with Prednisone?
Prednisone is a medication which doctors often prescribe for inflammatory conditions. However, it has limited usefulness due to a range of potential side effects. This has led many patients to seek more natural alternatives, including CBD.
CBD has gained attention in recent years as a potent anti-inflammatory. Furthermore, scientists generally consider CBD to be safe, with a relatively low risk of side effects.
But is it safe to take prednisone and CBD together, or will the two interact and make matters even worse? Here’s all you need to know.
What Is Prednisone?
Prednisone belongs to a drug class known as glucocorticoids. These drugs are sometimes known as corticosteroids, or simply steroids. However, they should not be confused with the anabolic steroids that some athletes use.
How Does Prednisone Help Inflammation?
Prednisone works by mimicking the effects of glucocorticoid hormones that the body naturally produces. The adrenal glands secrete these hormones, and they play a role in various physiological functions. One of these functions is regulating the immune system and the inflammatory response.
Inflammation is a natural and healthy response to injury or infection. It allows the immune system to work more efficiently, enabling it to destroy invading pathogens. As a side effect, this process creates swelling, redness, and pain.
In the short term, this response is helpful as it reminds us to take extra care of ourselves while we heal. However, when inflammation fails to switch off when it should, serious problems can occur.
Chronic inflammation can cause pain, such as arthritis and joint pain. It is also associated with many serious conditions.
Glucocorticoid medications such as prednisone help to turn off inflammation by reducing activity in the immune system. Therefore, they can be used to treat a wide range of different medical conditions.
Some of the conditions for which doctors prescribe prednisone include:
- Skin disorders
- Autoimmune disorders (multiple sclerosis, lupus, etc.)
- Some types of arthritis
However, although prednisone is a useful medication with many indications, it can also cause some very unpleasant side effects.
Prednisone Side Effects
The side effects of prednisone include:
- Indigestion or heartburn
- Mood changes
- Increased risk of infection
When you take it over an extended period, prednisone can also cause more serious issues, including:
- Weight gain
- Glucose intolerance
- High blood pressure
- Increased risk of osteoporosis
- Stunted growth in children
Due to this long list of adverse effects, many people would prefer to replace their prednisone with natural alternatives like CBD. But is CBD effective for inflammation, and is this safe to do? Let’s take a look.
How Does CBD Help with Inflammation?
CBD has become popular in recent years as research highlights its many potential benefits. Probably one of the most well-publicized benefits of CBD oil is its anti-inflammatory effects.
CBD helps inflammation by interacting with the body’s endocannabinoid system (ECS). The ECS is made up of chemicals called endocannabinoids, enzymes, and cell receptors known as cannabinoid receptors.
The two main types of cannabinoid receptor are known as CB1 and CB2. CB1 receptors are mainly associated with the nervous system. CB2 receptors are found throughout the body, but they are concentrated in the immune system.
The ECS has many different functions. It helps to maintain a state of balance within the body, including controlling inflammation, immunity, and pain.
These functions are triggered when endocannabinoids bind to cannabinoid receptors. They fit together, like a lock fits a key to open a door.
Plant cannabinoids like THC have a similar chemical structure to these endocannabinoids. Therefore, they can fit into the same receptors and trigger the same reactions.
CBD is slightly different, though. It does not fit into these receptors directly but alters the way that they bind with other molecules, making them more or less effective.
When you take CBD oil, it influences the way endocannabinoids bind with CB2 receptors in the immune system. This helps to help turn off the inflammatory response.
In this sense, CBD is somewhat similar to prednisone. Both therapies can help to suppress the immune system by interacting with its cells.
However, unlike prednisone, CBD is not known to cause serious side effects. That is not to say that CBD will never cause any side effects at all, though. It’s just that they are unlikely to affect everyone or be especially severe.
Does CBD Interact with Prednisone?
If you suffer from an inflammatory condition and take prednisone, you might be wondering whether you can try CBD too. You might think that CBD is safe since it comes from a plant and causes very few side effects.
But unfortunately, despite its relative safety, CBD does have the potential to interact with other drugs. This means you should be cautious when adding CBD to your existing medication.
When you take CBD (or any medicine), it passes through your digestive system to your liver via the hepatic portal vein. In the liver, an enzymatic pathway called the cytochrome P450 pathway (CYP450) metabolizes CBD.
This process involves several enzymes, including one known as CYP3A4. This is an enzyme which is involved in metabolizing around 25% of all drugs, including CBD and prednisone.
Taking CBD can inhibit the action of CYP3A4. This means that other drugs metabolized by the same enzyme get broken down more slowly. Therefore, CBD can increase the concentration of drugs like prednisone in the body, raising the risk of side effects.
To find out whether your medication interacts with CBD, scientists recommend that you use the ‘grapefruit test.’ Grapefruit and grapefruit juice interact with many of the same drugs that CBD does.
So, if your doctor has told you to avoid grapefruit with your medicine, you should probably avoid CBD, too.
Is It Safe to Take CBD and Prednisone Together?
Since CBD oil can interact with prednisone, making side effects more likely, doctors don’t consider them safe to take together.
Sadly, this is the case for many other medications, too. Although for some people enhancing the effects of their medicine can be helpful, for others, it can be dangerous.
Therefore, if you suffer from an inflammatory condition and want to try CBD, you may need to stop your prednisone first. However, you must do this carefully and under the supervision of your physician.
Here’s what you need to know if you are thinking of making the switch from prednisone to CBD.
Making the Switch from Prednisone to CBD
If you use glucocorticoid medication like prednisone, it is essential that you do not stop taking it suddenly. Stopping this type of medicine without gradually tapering the dose down can result in severe withdrawal symptoms.
Some common prednisone withdrawal symptoms include:
- Extreme tiredness
- Joint pain
- Muscle stiffness
- Muscle tenderness
Therefore, if you want to stop taking your prednisone and try CBD instead, be very cautious. Talk to your physician first and explain why you want to make the change. Hopefully, they will be understanding and tell you how to stop taking your prednisone safely.
You may need to do this very slowly over the course of several days or weeks, so be patient. If your doctor is knowledgeable about CBD, they should be able to tell you when it is safe to start using it. In the meantime, ask about other ways to manage your symptoms, such as through diet or exercise.
Making the switch from prednisone to CBD is a slow process. However, it is essential to do it properly to avoid suffering even more.
Does CBD Oil Interact with Prednisone? Final Thoughts
CBD oil and prednisone are both useful anti-inflammatory treatments. However, the two substances are metabolized by the same enzyme, meaning that they can easily interact.
CBD can increase the likelihood of experiencing prednisone side effects, which is the exact opposite of what you want. Therefore, you should not take the two together unless your physician explicitly tells you to do so.
If you want to make the switch from prednisone to CBD, you should do so with caution. Suddenly stopping your medication can have unpleasant withdrawal effects, so talk to your doctor about doing this safely.
You may want to look into different ways to relieve your symptoms without medication while you make the transition. By finding ways to manage your condition with some simple lifestyle changes, you could make things much easier for yourself.
And finally, remember that CBD can interact with many drugs besides prednisone. Always consult your healthcare provider before taking CBD with any other medication. | <urn:uuid:98b71627-3a3e-4c50-92e0-dbd0b7bb389e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cannabisextractsshop.com/cbd-oil-and-prednisone-for-dogs/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571869.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813021048-20220813051048-00074.warc.gz | en | 0.939001 | 3,882 | 2.15625 | 2 |
Conformance, Interoperability and Portability Testing: Proposed Procedures and Practices
Date: 27 July 2012
Author: Jacques Durand
Technical Advisory Board (TAB) Work Product
If you have questions or comments, Email the TAB.
Who is this for?
This document is for spec editors and TC members focused on interoperability of TC specifications.
This document proposes testing practices for OASIS standards and specifications. It addresses the following requirements and assumptions:
- The primary objective is to enhance the quality of standards, by allowing a testing process that is initiated before the standardization process is complete, providing timely feedback.
- Another objective is to speed-up the development of conforming and interoperable implementations, thus reducing the time to deploy and productize a standard.
- Another objective is to give some visibility and recognition to the testing efforts that a TC went through before submitting a standard for OASIS approval. This is done by augmenting the standardization process with optional publishing of test material and test reports. For example, there is today a requirement to provide an “implementation report” with a declaration of successful use of the standard, along with an optional interoperability report. This policy recommends that a conformance test suite followed by some level of conformance testing from implementations, be the actual yardstick by which to measure "successful use" of a standard.
- This is not a certification process. The goal is instead to facilitate the testing of implementations of OASIS standards. These guidelines recommend a general process for doing so, that can be assisted to some extent by OASIS staff and resources, and by similar experiences in other TCs.
- The target audience are TC members: the expectation is that TC members will write test assertions (ideally a TC deliverable), and that TC members (or their company) are likely to be early implementers as well as candidates for testing.
Conformance: Conformance of an implementation to a specification or to a set of requirements is defined as fulfillment by the implementation of all requirements specified.
Conformance Profiles and Levels: Often implementations do not use all the features within a specification. In order to accommodate these implementations it may be desirable to divide a specification into sets of functions. Implementers would still be conforming if they implemented one or more of these sets rather than the entire standard. These sets are used to define profiles or levels. Profiles usually match different kinds of implementations of a same specification (e.g. a document format, a processor for such documents). Levels are used to indicate nested subsets of functionality, ranging from minimal or core functionality to full or complete functionality. [QAFramework from W3C]
Conformance Clause: A statement in a specification that lists all the criteria that must be satisfied by an artifact or an implementation in order to conform to the specification. The clause refers to a set of normative statements and other parts of the specification for details.
Conformance Section: A section in a specification that contains one or more conformance clauses. As different types of artefacts or implementations may conform in different ways, there might be more than one conformance clause. Conformance clauses may refer to and reuse other clauses in order to define different levels or profiles of conformance.
Conformance Target: An artifact such as a protocol, document, platform, process or service, which is the subject of conformance clauses and normative statements. There may be several conformance targets defined within a specification, and these targets may be diverse so as to reflect different aspects of a specification. For example, a protocol message and a protocol engine may be different targets.
Normative Statement: a statement made in the body of a specification that defines prescriptive requirements on a conformance target.
Reference Implementation: an implementation of a specification that is recognized as conforming (i.e. passed a conformance test suite based on agreed success criteria), and which is representative of best practices and of expected quality, so that it can set a standard for future implementations. However it is not recommended to use a reference implementation to assess conformance of another implementation.
Test Assertion: a Test Assertion is a statement of behavior for an implementation: action or condition that can be measured or tested. It is derived from the specification’s normative statements and bridges the gap between the narrative of the specification and the test cases. Each test assertion is an independent, complete, testable statement on how to verify that an implementation satisfies a normative statement.
Test Case: Consists of a set of a test tool(s), software or files (data, programs, scripts, or instructions for manual operations) that checks a particular requirement in the specification to determine whether the results produced by the implementation match the expected results, as defined by the specification. Typically, a Test Assertion results in one or more Test Cases. Each Test Case includes: (1) a description of the test purpose (what is being tested - the conditions / requirements / capabilities which are to be addressed by a particular test, (2) the pass/fail criteria, (3) a reference to the requirement or section in the standard from which the test case is derived (traceability back to the specification).
Test Suite: A combination of Test Cases and Test documentation. Is used to verify conformance or interoperability (or portability) of an implementation to the requirements in the standard, or a conformance profile or level.
Test Harness: An execution environment for Test Suites, e.g. including test drivers or test components. It is usually dependent on platform specifics such as programming language, operating system. Also called a Testbed.
Specification Coverage: Specifies the degree to which specification requirements are addressed by a test suite.
3. Interoperability vs. Portability
The conformance targets of a specification (i.e. what is being specified) usually fall into three major categories:
Data artifacts: These are specified as formats and syntaxes. Examples of these are text documents, templates, messages, structured (e.g. XML) definitions, interfaces definitions, configuration definitions.
State machines: These are specified as logical workflows of tasks or events, or transition rules for states. Implementations of these are processes and procedures, exchange protocols between parties, transactions.
Processors: These are specified as behaviors and interfaces for engines that process data artifacts and/or execute state machines. Examples implementations of these are workflow engines, document processors, message handlers.
These categories are not exclusive from each other: often a specification will address two or all three categories. For example, some specifications describe both a text document format, and also the expected behavior of a text processor for these documents. Also, in some cases it is not possible to clearly distinguish which category an implementation belongs to. A process definition (such as WS-BPEL, or ebBP) can be seen as both a representation of a state machine and of a data artifact: it specifies both an execution logic, and a representation syntax.
Interoperability is then defined as the ability of two Processor implementations to interact with each other in compliance with the specification. This interaction may involve data artifacts (e.g. messages) produced by one implementation and consumed by the other. It may also just involve interfaces (e.g. API calls). Interoperability does not imply symmetry: the processors do not have to be identical and may act in different roles. Typical implementations of which interoperability is expected, is of messaging handlers.
Portability is defined as an equivalent processing (by two or more Processor implementations) of a same data artifact instance or of a same state machine representation. In that case the representation (data artifact or state machine) is said to be portable. For example, it is expected that a document of a particular format be portable across implementations of the related document processor.
Some implementations may be seen as relevant to both : e.g. in a layered architecture, a software module may operate on top of a software platform. Both are Processors, so may be expected to interoperate (interoperability). But one may also consider the Module as an item that is portable from one platform implementation to the other, i.e. will entail an equivalent processing of the overall system in both cases.
4. Testing for Conformance, Interoperability and Portability
Every specification should be written so that it provides enough guidance for the definition of Conformance tests. Conformance testing serves a different purpose than Interoperability or Portability testing. While the notion of implementation conformance applies to all specifications, Interoperability is only relevant to some specifications, and so is Portability.
From a product viewpoint, these different forms of testing will achieve different goals:
Conformance testing is about product compliance: the assurance that your product is conforming to the standard.
Interoperability and Portability testing is about product usability: the assurance that your product will function as expected when operating with other products or platforms.
These two forms of testing are complementary, and in no way can substitute to each other. More precisely:
Conformance testing: Process of verifying that an implementation of a specification fulfills the requirements of this specification, or of a subset of these in case of a particular conformance profile or level. Testing is based on a test suite representing a set of conformance test cases, that an implementation under test may pass or fail. Overall criteria for deciding of conformance must be defined. The test environment may automate the testing, e.g. by simulating an operating environment, generating inputs and verifying outputs of the implementation under test.
In all cases, a well-defined conformance testing process will speed-up the deployment of conforming products and facilitate the adoption of a standard.
Interoperability testing: Process of verifying that two or more implementations of the same specification - typically two "processors" (see above) - can interoperate. Testing is based on a test suite representing a set of interaction scenarios, that implementations under test may pass or fail. The logistics of Interoperability testing is usually more costly (time, coordination, set-up, human efforts) than Conformance testing. Conformance does not guarantee interoperability, and interoperability testing is no substitute for a conformance test suite. But experience shows that Interoperability testing is more successful and less costly when Conformance of implementations has been tested first.
Portability testing: Process of verifying that an implementation (typically, of the "data artifact" kind or "state machine" kind, see above) will be processed the same way by different processor implementations. Testing is based on a test suite representing a set of processing scenarios with defined expected outcome, that implementations under test may pass or fail.
5. Testing Methodology
The following process is recommended:
Recommended Testing Practices
- Always do Conformance testing first. Conformance testing can eliminate many problems that would show during Interoperability or Portability testing. This will reduce the time and effort necessary to achieve successful interoperability or portability testing.
- Automate Conformance testing as much as possible. Conformance is the form of testing easiest to automate as it involves a single implementation under test.
- Design Interoperability or Portability test suites so that they are not redundant with tests already done during conformance testing: repeating tests that belong to conformance testing is a common mistake. Because the total set of possible scenarios between two implementations is very large and combinatorial in nature, one should choose the most common usage scenarios.
Starting with Testable Specifications
First thing first: specifications should be written in a way that is "test friendly". This means:
- A specification should clearly distinguish normative statements and requirements from non-normative parts and sentences. Unique labels for each normative statement greatly helps tracking down (and back up) the test assertions and test cases.
A specification should contain Conformance Clause(s) that are precise enough about what is expected of an implementation, and clearly identify profiles and levels of conformance (if several) and match these to an appropriate type of implementation. [see conf clause guideline http://docs.oasis-open.org/templates/TCHandbook/ConformanceGuidelines.html]
A specification should be associated with a set of test assertions (see testability guidelines: http://wiki.oasis-open.org/tab/TestabilityGuide). These assertions may either be in the specification itself, or in a companion document.
Also, see interoperability guidelines http://wiki.oasis-open.org/tab/InteropGuide for errors to avoid when writing specifications.
General Process for Conformance Testing:
NOTE: in the following, the term 'members' identifies some OASIS members, who do some testing work within the context of a TC - either the TC originator of the specification under test, or another TC focused on testing tasks.
- 1. The TC writes a set of test assertions matching the normative statements pertaining to a conformance profile defined by the conformance clause(s), and approves it (ideally, one of its deliverables).
- 2. Members develop or identify one or more Test Harnesses for executing the test suites. NOTE: the development and/or operation of a Test Harness is not covered by OASIS IPR policy. Members should have a clear understanding and agreement on the IPR implications of using or developing a test harnesses and related software artifacts. Solutions inclusive of all potential users, such as Open-source licensing should be considered.
- 3. Members develop a conformance test suite based on test assertions, for execution in the selected test harness. There might be more than one equivalent test suites, for running over different test harnesses. Various implementation options may be considered, e.g. the same test suite may be adaptable to different test harnesses, or a test harness can be configured for several test suites.
- 4. Members write a test plan, defining which subset of tests are to be run, and including logistic details on how tests will be performed. The test plan must define outcome objectives, e.g. a core set of tests that must be successfully passed, or a percentage that must be passed.
- 5. One of two modes of operation may be chosen: either (a) self-testing, where users operate the testbed (test harness or part of it) themselves by downloading it or by remote access, or (b) a test event is staged with a test operator offering testbed services and assistance to participants.
General Process for Interoperability and Portability Testing:
- 1. Ideally, individual implementations should have undergone Conformance Testing separately before doing Interoperability or Portability Testing, so that most interoperability issues due to conformance failures are already resolved. See the "Conformance testing" process.
- 2. Members write an interoperability or portability test suite covering at least the most common use of the specification. This includes (a) test scenarios between partners or between implementations, (b) a description of the test environment to be used for executing this test suite.
- 3. Members write a test plan based defining which test suite or subset in (2) is to be run, what test scenarios are used, what are the expected or acceptable outcomes, and logistic details on how tests will be performed.
Examples and additional material about some of the above steps are:
- Recommendations for test assertions writing:
The Test Assertions guidelines from OASIS: http://www.oasis-open.org/apps/org/workgroup/tag/document.php?document_id=40010 and more generally material from the Test Assertions Guidelines TC http://www.oasis-open.org/apps/org/workgroup/tag/
The QA Framework from W3C: http://www.w3.org/TR/qaframe-spec/
- Examples of test assertions and test cases for conformance:
In the Service Component Architecture (SCA) OASIS TCs, test assertions for the SCA Assembly model: http://docs.oasis-open.org/opencsa/sca-assembly/sca-assembly-1.1-test-assertions-cd01.pdf
In the SCA OASIS TCs: test cases (for a conformance test suite) for the SCA Assembly model: http://docs.oasis-open.org/opencsa/sca-assembly/sca-assembly-1.1-testcases-cd01.pdf
- Examples of test assertions and test suites for interoperability:
Examples of test assertions embedded in a specification document (HTML) are provided on WS-I site, see the BP 2.0Profile (http://ws-i.org/profiles/BasicProfile-2.0-2010-11-09.html) and RSP Profile (http://www.ws-i.org/Profiles/ReliableSecureProfile-1.0.html)
An example of test scenarios used in an interoperability test suite (here for RSP profile interoperability testing): http://www.ws-i.org/docs/RSP_10_Test_Scenarios.pdf
A more complete interoperability test suite package, including a test plan document and test scenarios, can be downloaded from WS-I: http://www.ws-i.org/deliverables/workinggroup.aspx?wg=basicprofile, see the BP 1.2 and 2.0 Interop Test Suites link (http://ws-i.org/profiles/BPInteroperabilityTestSuite-1.2-2.0-Final.zip)
6. Testing and the TC Process
There are a number of areas in the TC process where testing should be considered.
NOTE: Generally, there is a trade-off between time-to-market and quality of a specification. Depending on the specification, interoperability may or may not take precedence over functional needs. Testing and preparation for Testing has a cost in time and efforts, that should be weighted by the TC. Consequently the optimal approach to testing may vary from one TC to the other, as well as the timing of testing efforts within the general standardization schedule. The following recommendations correspond to an ideal situation:
When chartering the TC: The proposers should consider adding some form of testing deliverable(s) into the charter. However, in some cases it is more appropriate to have testing deliverables handled in a different TC that could be chartered just for this. At the very minimum, it is recommended that test assertions are written either as a separate deliverable or included in a specification. Test assertions help express the normative requirements in a precise way and aid in the debugging of the specification, and the authors of the specification are most qualified to write these. They are the launch pad for writing conformance and interoperability/portability test suites.
During Specification reviews: Specification writing and implementation testing should be an iterative process once an initial stable specification has been drafted. During public reviews, testing can provide valuable feedback into the specification that other reviewers might miss. The benefits can be obtained even if a TC only writes Test assertions as these can help to uncover gaps and ambiguities in specifications.
When a specification is submitted as a Candidate OASIS Standard: Three statements of use must be provided before an attempt to advance the specification is made. Statements of use are an indication of industry support for a specification, and is/are greatly enhanced if conformance and/or interop/portability testing has taken place. Any results from testing activities should accompany the statements of use. The TC Process does not require testing to take place, but if a TC has engaged in any testing it is recommended to provide a report on testing activities with the statements of use.
After a specification has become an OASIS Standard: It is possible for OASIS Members to request submission of the standard to a De Jure body such as ISO and ITU. The Liaison policy covers the process how to do this. While initially requiring an informal interoperability demo as part of this submission, a more rigorous conformance, interoperability and/or portability testing effort is more aligned with current expectations. It is recommended that a more systematic testing procedure be defined, executed and reported on when submitting an OASIS standard to a De Jure organization.
Because conformance testing should always be done before Interoperability testing, as a way to simplify and speed-up interoperability tests, it is recommended that conformance testing takes place before interoperability testing.
Finally it is worth noting that testing plays an important role in the adoption of a standard and product marketability, and testing and demo activities can take place after a standard has been adopted including outside of the TC or even OASIS.
Status of Testing Deliverables:
It is appropriate to have test assertions and test suites undergo public reviews, since not all vendors participate in the TC that defines them. This means such deliverables should be considered for Committee Note or Committee Specification status - but do not seem to justify an OASIS standard status.
The following options should be considered:
- Keeping Test Assertions separate from a related Test Suite. As previously mentioned, writing Test Assertions and writing Test Suites require different expertise, and while the authors of a specification are well positioned to write Test Assertions for it, they may not be qualified or have time to write a related Test Suite. A TC that does not have the time, resources or intent to design or develop Test Suites may still list Test Assertions as deliverable.
- Test Assertions may be considered either as Committee Note or Committee Specification material. It makes sense to have Test Assertions being part of the same work product as the specification under test (e.g. either embedded in the specification or in a separate document), as they are a good complement to specification material. In this case they could become part of a final OASIS standard. In contrast, a Test Suite is a significant deliverable in itself, of a different nature and should preferably not delay or overload the full standardization process of a specification.
A Test Suite document should generally not be considered beyond Committee Note material, as it is not normative material in itself but rather a technical document explaining the practical details of a testing procedure, e.g. acting as a reference guide for test engineers. Besides, the IPR status of related software is not covered by OASIS IPR policies. However in some cases one may consider a Test Suite specification as Committee Specification material, if it is expected that various implementations will be developed that need be aligned with such a specification. The conformance clause of a Test Suite specification would then target actual test suites as candidate implementations.
What is in a Test Report
A test report (either conformance testing or interoperability testing) should contain:
1. Indentification of related test material:
- Identification of the test suite that was used (version, authors, reference to test material). This comprises the test harness software, and possibly set of test scenarios used to run the test harness.
- Identification of the test assertions on which the testing was based, in case the test suite does not refer to these.
- Reference to Test plan (see above).
2. Details on Test participants and event:
- Date or dates of the testing.
- Participants involved (who facilitated the testing, whose implementation(s) were under test, whose test harness or test drivers were used, etc.
- General description of how the tests were conducted, overall logsitics (e.g. was the testing distributed between distant participants over several days, or was the testing a face-to-face event.)
- Observations and comments useful for future test events.
3. Test Results:
- Summary showing overall test results for the exercise: how many tests were successfully passed, or failed, or showed other outcomes.
- For each test case of the test suite, or each test scenario: what are the test results (did the implementation under test pass, fail, generated warnings, or an inconclusive outcome.) NOTE: the test results do not need be clearly associated with each participant, as participants may wish to have their test results remain anonymous.
NOTE: Besides a test report, a by-product of interoperability testing may be a set of “implementation guidelines” or an “implementation profile” that addresses interoperability issues not covered by conformance to the specification. A specification may leave out details left as an implementation choice or a configuration choice, and yet necessary for full interoperability. In addition, small differences in interpreting a specification may elude conformance testing and yet lead two implementations to be non-interoperable or non-portable. This will help overcoming interoperability issues not covered by the specification, and also contribute to faster adoption of a standard. | <urn:uuid:bf375004-c699-4663-b160-da805cc78d93> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://wiki.oasis-open.org/tab/TestingPolicy | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281746.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00287-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.899787 | 5,166 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Guidelines for Major Programs
A student may pursue a double major or multiple concentrations within the same degree type (History and English majors within a Bachelor of Arts program, or Business and Physical Education majors within a Bachelor of Science program, for example). Students are required only to complete the degree requirements for both majors or concentrations. No additional semester hours are required.
If a student desires to pursue two different baccalaureate degrees (Bachelor of Science and Bachelor of Social Work, for example), he or she must meet all requirements for both degrees and complete 30 additional hours of Limestone credit for a minimum of 150 hours. Credit by examination may not count toward the additional semester hours.
A student pursuing an Associate of Arts and Associate of Science simultaneously must complete the degree requirements for both degrees and 16 additional credit hours. Credit by examination may not count toward the additional semester hours.
A student who has completed the requirements for two Bachelor's Degrees may receive both degrees at the same time. However, during the graduation ceremony, only one degree will be recognized. The degree which provides recognition is selected by the student.
A student returning to complete a major after he or she has graduated must complete an additional 15 Limestone credit hours towards an Associate Degree and an additional 30 Limestone credit hours towards a Bachelor's Degree. | <urn:uuid:93c321ed-916d-4c3d-a593-bbaadb0710da> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://catalog.limestone.edu/guidelines-major-programs | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00273.warc.gz | en | 0.943601 | 266 | 1.578125 | 2 |
Pictured here is the knee wall in Seth Budick's daughter's room. While insulating behind the knee wall, Budick and his wife took advantage of the construction and added a built-in shelf -- an improvement that increased the room's comfort and storage. | Photo courtesy of Seth Budick.
In March, we shared the story of Seth Budick as his family began their journey to improve their home’s comfort, reduce their carbon footprint and save money on their energy bills. Their first step: getting a home energy audit to learn how their home was wasting energy and money. Nearly five months later, we’re checking in with Budick to hear about the energy efficiency upgrades to his home, how the improvements have impacted his family and his advice for other homeowners looking to save energy and money.
Question: Last time we talked, you were looking for a certified contractor to make energy efficiency upgrades. What improvements did you end up making?
Seth Budick: We air sealed, added insulation above the second-floor ceiling and behind the third-floor knee wall in our daughter’s room, and applied an aluminum ENERGY STAR cool roof -- essentially a special silver paint that reflects the sun and prolongs the life of the roof.
Q: What energy-efficient incentives were you able to take advantage of?
SB: To pay for the upgrades, we took out a low-interest loan through EnergyWorks -- a public program supported by the Energy Department to make energy efficiency improvements easy and affordable for Philadelphia’s residents and businesses. As part of a special promotion, our bank is paying the first six months of the loan -- that's equal to a 5 percent savings. I am also looking into which federal tax incentives we’re eligible for.
Q: How have the improvements impacted the comfort of your home?
SB: The reason we decided to make upgrades was to make our daughter’s room more comfortable. While we didn’t do much to her room itself, the upgrades to the rest of the house have reduced the amount of heat that rises to her room. We also made some behavioral changes -- like closing the door to my daughter’s room to keep the warm air out. It’s this combination that has collectively made a huge difference to the temperature of her room -- on average it’s probably five degrees colder.
Q: What kind of impact have you noticed on your energy bills?
SB: It’s hard to say because it is still early. But in the first month since the upgrades, we reduced our electricity consumption by 18 percent or $28 compared to a year earlier. We also cut our home’s air infiltration by 32 percent.
But our savings is just one piece of the larger picture in how our neighborhood, University City District, is partnering with the Energy Coordinating Agency, the local nonprofit that administers EnergyWorks, to improve the energy efficiency of homes in the area. The homes in our neighborhood that have had energy efficiency work performed through the program have achieved an average air infiltration reduction of 28 percent -- an improvement that is leading to direct energy savings for homeowners.
Q: What were you most surprised about when working with the contractor?
SB: How fast it was -- the work only took a couple of days. It’s the paperwork that takes most of the time.
Q: What piece of advice do you have for others looking to save energy or improve their home’s efficiency?
SB: Do it as soon as possible. Just like with any savings and investment, just do it -- it doesn’t make sense to wait. There are all these great incentives to make energy efficiency upgrades now, and who knows how long they’re going to be around. | <urn:uuid:a4a52089-4c7d-4625-97f7-d857e2ab57df> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.energy.gov/articles/homeowner-qa-how-i-benefitted-energy-efficiency-upgrades | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721027.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00549-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.973993 | 776 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Do you know what the figure is?
This is the percentage of people in Uganda living on less than $1.9 a day.
Then, what percentage of people lives on less than $3.2/$5.5 each?
Poverty was widespread in Uganda even before the outbreak of the COVID-19.
And needless to say, the COVID-19 still makes this situation worse.
Many people are living on very little money in order to survive with their families today.
However, even in this difficult situation where many people have lost their jobs and sources of income,
there is a Ugandan group who has overcome the crisis and is trying to achieve their goals by maximizing the benefits of the projects implemented by UWESO.
How on earth did they overcome? What on earth is their motivation?
Today, we will explore the answers through the group story.
The group name is “Hope Savings Association (HSA)”; located at Oruchinga Refugee settlement.
This group started on 17.12.2019, supported by UWESO staff under Advancing Rights & Opportunities to Education for Vulnerable Children (AROC) project (2018-2019), with only 20 members.
This is a Village Savings and Loan Association（VSLA）group, which can save a little money with members and get access loans from its savings.
“The beginning was very difficult…”
,Arinanye Mary- the Chairperson of HSA told us.
“Members had very little knowledge about saving and most members didn’t commit to consistent saving. They feared, for example, what to save as a poor refugee with meager income, little land and other livelihood support?’”
What motivated them were the followings:
(1)Their purposes to join HSA
(2) The training and mentorship from UWESO staff
(3) Their outcome(cumulative savings)
(4) Financial security
(5) Their fellow members.
HSA members decided that their initial share value be 4000 UGX per week and would save between 1-5 shares.
Also, they had to contribute 1,000 UGX per week towards Social/Welfare fund for Orphans and Vulnerable Children (OVC).
By the end of the first cycle, how much money could they accumulate…?
It was…….5,000,000UGX excluding Welfare Fund!!
One of the most respectful works of HSA is that HSA didn’t stop their progress after this achievement and actually did further actions.
After the initial share-out, members resolved to retain some savings and invested in rearing poultry and establishing Kitchen/vegetable gardens.
In addition, members got motivated from the financial security of their savings and increased on individual savings and accessing loans.
Furthermore, the group was registered both at Kikagate Sub county and district level.
Besides, the number of members increased to 30 from 20.
Consequently, by the end of the second cycle, the cumulative savings share-out was 28,796,400UGX…!!!
Although that year is 2020, which is the start year of COVID-19,
members never suffered from the effects of the COVID-19 lock down.
This saving group became a fall-back position for members to fund the various needs of members,
such as school fees, food, improved housing or other individual investments.
Not only did they stop at just surviving this COVID-19,
but also they continued saving activities; they invested expanding their poultry project.
From the initial 10 chicken, the group now has 40 chicken and sells chicken for meat and eggs.
By scaling up and sensitizing others about their work,
now many people from the neighbouring community know them and have interest in the group.
Members have increased their share value to 10,000UGX from 4,000 and keep running towards their bigger dreams.
Their current challenge is to acquire bigger financial resources than can be satisfied by the group saving alone.
And they also hope to get more support for agricultural inputs and training in order to help them improve household food production and incomes.
Already, they were successfully linked to HFU (under the ongoing General Food Assistance (GFA) project (2020-2022); and benefited from establishing vegetable gardens, fruit trees and a thriving rabbit rearing project – for enhanced nutrition and livelihood improvement of member households.
Refer to picture below.
Furthermore, Hope Savings Association has benefited from a group loan from the Government of Uganda Emyooga scheme (worth Sh. 3,000,000); which they borrowed and successfully paid back with interest.
Figure 4: Members of Hope Savings Association interacting with a visiting delegation derived from WFP Friends of Nutrition at their Vegetable growing and Rabbit rearing projects in Oruchinga Settlement on 23.05.2022.
As UWESO, we will explore further and follow up financial institutions that are worthy of linking to such mature and proven VSLA group like HOPE Savings Association and integrate VSLA groups in other UWESO-supported activities like tree planting.
UWESO is sure that the achievement of HOPE must be an amazing hope for others.
So we will utilize and cascade the great findings from this success story for other VSLA, UWESO and Uganda.
In a nutshell, HOPE Savings Association provides an amazing success story; for others to emulate.
Please read ~Hope Savings Association story part 2/2~ to check the individual achievements of HSA members. | <urn:uuid:347ed01e-6363-4c81-9d22-545099838463> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://uweso.org/the-tip-to-survive-and-thrive-in-severe-world-hope-story-part-1-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573193.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818094131-20220818124131-00478.warc.gz | en | 0.961412 | 1,171 | 2.546875 | 3 |
Calhoun County, Illinois
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U. S. Federal Census
Years available: 1830 1840 1850 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940
Web: Census Enumeration Districts, 1830-1890 and 1910-1950 (PDF) at Archives.gov [T1224]Web: Census Enumeration Districts, 1930-1940 at Archives.govWeb: Census Enumeration Maps, 1930 (PDF) at Archives.gov [M1930]Web: Census Enumeration Maps, 1900-1940 (PDF) at Archives.gov [A3378]
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Web: Pike and Calhoun Counties, Illinois Biographical Dictionary
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Web: Portrait and biographical album of Pike and Calhoun Counties, Illinois
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The county of Calhoun was established in 1825, and the county seat is Hardin. For the most current listing of resources for this location, and from additional publishers, please visit the Calhoun County page in the Live Roots catalog.
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<< Genealogy Directory Home | <urn:uuid:d3fdb8b6-9b49-4646-8054-9aaa6546f8e5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://dir.genealogytoday.com/usa/il/calhoun/index.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280761.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00090-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.728103 | 411 | 2 | 2 |
According to statistics, the population in Miles, TX amounts to 933, which shows decline 0% compared to the previous year. The median age of the city’s residents is 36. The average household income is $61,071, shifting growth 12% from the past year, and the average property value in Miles, TX growth 3% to $78,800 throughout the year.
|Number Of Employees||423|
|Median Property Value||$78,800|
The average household income in Miles, TX grew from $54,327 to $61,071 in the past year. This data is an estimate based upon 292 households in Miles, TX . The chart below presents how household income is distributed in Miles, TX in comparison to the revenue allocation amid households nationally.
According to data from last year, the average property value in Miles, TX shifted from $76,800 to $78,800 throughout the year. The subsequent graph indicates the share of properties in the given price range in Miles, TX in comparison to the median property value in the same price segment across the country. According to the data, the greatest share of Miles, TX properties falls in the '$100,000 to $124,999' range, which is lower than the most significant median property across the country.
One of the most important aspects for property owners is the amount of property taxes. This graph shows distribution of property taxes in Miles, TX compared to median property taxes around the country. The prevalent amount of property taxes in Miles, TX equals $1150, which is less than the national average. | <urn:uuid:0bf602b4-d660-4232-89bd-70fa4c6c06f7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://rentberry.com/apartments-sale/s/miles-tx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00666.warc.gz | en | 0.92825 | 367 | 1.78125 | 2 |
If you have ever searched for the right colour fabric for a project only to come home empty handed, you may have considered dyeing your own fabrics. What you may not have known is that you can create vibrant, custom fabric shades right in your own washing machine, with items you can purchase at just about any grocery store. The simplest way to do this is by using a process known as immersion dyeing.
- Skill level:
Other People Are Reading
Things you need
- Washing machine
- Fabric dye
- Plastic container
- Non-iodised salt
Load the fabric into the washing machine. For optimal results, use a white or light-coloured fabric and dampen it before loading the machine.
Adjust the settings on the washing machine. For all-over, even colour use the highest water temperature and longest wash cycle. Start filling the machine with water.
Combine the salt and dye. Use one package of dye and 20 cups of salt for each pound of fabric that you are dyeing. Dissolve the dye and salt in five cups of very hot water.
Add the dye to the washing machine. Pour the salt and dye mixture into the soap dispenser of the washing machine. If there is no soap dispenser on the machine you are using, pour the mixture into the tub with the fabric. If you are using a machine with a dispenser, wait for all the dye mixture to drain into the machine and flush the dispenser with eight cups of warm water.
Let the washing machine run the entire cycle before removing the fabric from the machine. Immediately clean the washing machine with bleach after removing the fabric.
- 20 of the funniest online reviews ever
- 14 Biggest lies people tell in online dating sites
- Hilarious things Google thinks you're trying to search for | <urn:uuid:57be2fd3-78d7-475f-91e7-f6073a148012> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.ehow.co.uk/how_6340226_use-salt-set-dye-fabric.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718278.43/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00240-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.901031 | 371 | 2.046875 | 2 |
Mali R. Schantz-Feld (Feb/Mar 10)
As the national economy just begins to show glimpses of promise, the Plains States - Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota - are already showing slow but steady signs of recovery. Reed Construction Data reported in January that the strongest economy among the nation's regions continues to be in the Plains States. Andrew Gledhill of the Moody's Economy.com concurs, noting that this region has suffered relatively minor recessions, with comparably minor job losses, making the likelihood of minor gains more predictable as the national economy gains more stability. States that avoided the housing bust, such as Nebraska, North Dakota and South Dakota, will make a quicker comeback, while areas dependent upon cyclical industries such as manufacturing will take more time to mend.
Growth in Alternative Energy
Alternative energy is a common growth niche in the Plains, with each state touting energy-generating resources. Iowa's strong agricultural foundation and penchant for manufacturing have resulted in developments in wind energy, renewable fuels including ethanol and biodiesel, biomass, and other next-generation technologies. Its corn and soybean crops and windy plains offer plenty of alternative energy options. As a result, the state touts a first-place ranking in the nation in the production of ethanol, second in the production of biodiesel, and second overall in wind-generation output. As of February 2009, Iowa housed nine international wind-related manufacturing companies as well as more than 200 suppliers in 26 counties supplying the wind industry, according to the Iowa Office of Energy Independence.
Even before Dorothy's famed trip from her farm to Oz, Kansas' location in the nation's "wind corridor" has garnered national attention. The state is ranked third nationally for wind-harnessing potential. Siemens Energy chose Hutchinson in Reno County for its first U.S. nacelle production facility (nacelle is the structure on a wind turbine that houses all of the components that generate electricity) to contain 300,000 square feet and an adjacent 80,000-square-foot service and repair facility that is expected to create approximately 400 green-collar jobs. Hutchinson provided "the ideal location because of the state and local commitment to wind energy development," says Kevin Hazel, head of Siemens Energy's Americas wind-power supply-chain management.
Minnesota ranks ninth in the country for wind energy potential, much of which is located along the Buffalo Ridge in the south and southwest part of the state. In addition, the state ranks fourth nationwide in ethanol production capacity, according to the Renewable Fuels Association. Companies pursuing innovations in fuel cell products include Entegris, 3M, Donaldson, ICM Plastics, Atmosphere Recovery, and Cummins.
Missouri also participates in the Plains' power play. ProEnergy Services, a third-party service provider to the global energy industry, is adding a turbine services division on its Sedalia headquarters campus. "Our company was founded on the vision to provide service for every phase of a power plant project's life cycle, from conception to long-term operations and maintenance," says John Stevens, vice president of sales. He adds that incentives that ProEnergy received from the Enhanced Enterprise program through the state of Missouri were one of the main reasons for its relocation to Sedalia from Atlanta. "The quality jobs initiative has leveraged the company's ability to expand from a single facility to a spacious campus," Stevens says. He adds, "ProEnergy also received cooperation through the Sedalia Pettis County Economic Development. Because of its central location, Sedalia has proven to be a great location for business and a wonderful community for the employees and their families."
North Dakota's energy sector is buzzing about the development of Great River Energy's (GRE) Spiritwood Station, which will generate two primary products - electricity and steam - when it comes online this year. The enlarged complex will consist of Spiritwood Station, GRE's 99-megawatt combined heat and power plant, and three major production facilities: a large barley malting facility, which is already in place, as well as a biomass refinery and a biodiesel production facility, both of which are planned additions. Program partners include GRE; Cargill Malt; the Jamestown/Stutsman Development Corp. (JSDC), which is working to develop the biodiesel facility; and Otoka Energy Corp. and Inbicon A/S, which are working together to build the biomass refinery.
A favorable business history spurred the GRE development. "Great River Energy has operated two power plants in North Dakota, starting first in the mid-1960s. During that time, we have developed a strong partnership with the state through our positive impacts on jobs and economic activity, and our focus on environmental stewardship, says Al Christianson, GRE's manager for North Dakota business development and governmental affairs. "The state also supports further energy development, and that support is a major reason why we are building a combined heat and power plant - Spiritwood Station - near Jamestown, North Dakota."
According to the Great Plains Energy Corridor, biofuel production has grown in North Dakota with the addition of five biofuel facilities in the last five years. Lignite, a form of coal, is another important component of North Dakota's energy sector, since it generates electricity and produces synthetic natural gas and fertilizer products. The state has the largest proven reserve of lignite coal in the world. Lignite already has an estimated annual impact of $3 billion and directly employs more than 4,000 people in the state. In addition, the Energy Information Administration notes that North Dakota coal production accounts for nearly 2 percent of the nation's total annual production.
South Dakota reports several wind
developments. Iberdrola Renewables started construction on the Buffalo
Ridge II wind farm in Brookings and Deuel counties; when completed, it
will be the state's largest wind farm. In Hand County, the Titan I
25-megawatt project went online in late November. NextEra Energy,
formerly FPL Energy, started construction in November on a 99-megawatt
wind farm in Day County. The proposed Hyperion Energy Center in Union
County - that will consist of a state-of-the-art greenfield refinery
and a hydrogen-producing IGCC power plant to generate hydrogen, power,
and steam - is anticipated to begin construction this year.
Incentives Pique Interest
of these states are establishing incentives to pique the interests of
potential alternative energy developers. In Iowa, Governor Chet Culver
and the Iowa legislature created the Office of Energy Independence and
the Iowa Power Fund, a $100 million research and development fund that
will be dedicated to the future of renewable energy and reducing the
use of fossil fuels.
Kansas created new financial incentives and
pro-energy policies as well, initiating a new incentive that authorizes
up to $5 million in bond financing for eligible wind and solar projects
in the state. This was one of the key factors in Siemens Energy's
decision last spring to come to Kansas. Additionally, cost savings are
offered to expanding businesses through the elimination of property tax
on new business machinery and equipment, as well as income tax credits,
sales tax exemptions, and training assistance. In spring 2009, the
legislature approved a new incentive, the Economic Revitalization and
Reinvestment Act, for eligible wind and solar equipment manufacturing
projects. The act authorizes bonds that provide financial support and
are repaid from withholding taxes generated from the new job creation.
To qualify, a project must create at least 200 jobs within five years,
pay at least a $32,500 average salary, and generate a minimum capital
investment of $30 million.
Many energy-related incentives and
business climate improvements passed in North Dakota's 2009 legislative
session including a streamlined siting process for pipeline and
transmission infrastructure, property tax reduction for wind towers, a
sales and use tax exemption for wind towers, an income tax credit for
renewable energy devices, as well as tax exemptions for improved oil
extraction and benefits for coal projects.
such as the Cloud County Community College's Wind Energy Technician
program, the Wind Applications Center at Kansas State University, and
the Kansas Wind for Schools program encourage education and training to
nurture and encourage a future work force in this sector.
Although energy is a prime focus of the Plains States' economy,
diversification is still imperative to economic vigor. Nebraska reports
development announcements across the state from a variety of firms,
including Yahoo!; Specialty Protein Producers; Novozymes; InterSystems
Inc.; PayFlex Systems USA; The Buckle; Vireo Resources; and Vantage
Computer database business Structured Solutions of Altadena, Calif.,
opened an operations center in Grand Island, Nebraska, in January. The
deciding factor for this deal was "the educational aspect," says Robert
Yuan, the company's CEO. "We are co-developing a curriculum at the
Grand Island Community College so people can become certified in our
system, and we will create a pool of quality people to choose from."
The firm is one of the first technology companies to locate in the
area. Yuan notes that Nebraska's reputation for following up on their
development programs and dedication to "same message, commitment to
execution" made them "take a chance." So far, "heir response rate and
cycle time is phenomenal. Like any long range strategic plan, we have
to get the right resources in place and be patient."
Nebraska also heralded plans for a data center in La Vista and a
customer care center in Omaha for Internet search engine Yahoo! Scott
Noteboom, director of data center operations, for Yahoo! Inc. notes,
"We are thoughtful about our site locations with the goal of benefiting
the local community, local businesses, Yahoo! business operations, and
our users worldwide. We took many areas into consideration when
choosing the Omaha site to fulfill these goals and maximize our
operational efficiencies, including the Nebraska Advantage incentives
for web portals; low-cost, publicly owned utilities; solid network and
electrical infrastructure; a productive work force."
In Minnesota, Daikin McQuay is dramatically expanding in several areas:
2009 heralded the opening of the Daikin McQuay Applied Development
Center, a state-of-the-art facility that serves as the research
institute for all Daikin McQuay applied products and will provide the
research, design, and testing facilities for its products worldwide,
particularly in fast-growing markets like China and India. "This is, in
fact, where we designed the custom HVAC systems for use in the new One
World Trade Center project," notes Bruce Dorey Ph.D., the firm's senior
director of corporate strategy and planning. McQuay has manufacturing
plants in Owatonna and Faribault and has added more than 160 new
employees in Plymouth in the last year alone, bringing their total
Minnesota work force to 850. The company also is relocating 70
researchers from Japan and Italy to Minnesota.
Minnesota appealed to Daikin McQuay for a number of reasons. "The
strong research capability of the University of Minnesota was chief
among them," notes Dorey. "The fact they have a Center for Sustainable
Building Research, an Institute on the Environment, and are tied with
MIT for the number-one ranking in the chemical engineering department
were certainly strong factors. Also, we have felt strong support from
our state government." Dorey also touted the "proximity to such great
companies as 3M, Best Buy and Target" for providing "exciting
Pedigree Technologies pointed out "three primary reasons why we've been
able to grow our business as a North Dakota company in the face of a
difficult economy." Ian McPherson, vice president-sales and marketing,
says, "We have benefited from a well-educated talent pool, from very
good universities combined with an affordable, business friendly
environment, and the presence of core industries in the American
economy like agriculture, manufacturing, and energy. Pedigree came out
of the technology incubator at NDSU (North Dakota State University) so
there are close ties there, but we have employees from universities
throughout the region."
The firm is also working with the NAVAIR division of the Navy to build
a real time surveillance platform. Pedigree helps companies manage
their physical operations by tracking, locating, and monitoring a wide
range of equipment and vehicles in the energy, agriculture, and
manufacturing sectors to move products through the supply chain.
South Dakota's targeted industries include biotechnology, value-added
agriculture, energy development, firearms, and information technology.
Ample hunting and outdoor recreation opportunities give the firearms
industry a good shot at success. In 2009 as a number of
firearms-related companies undertook expansions or
relocations-including Remington, Lakota Industries, TDI, and Bar-Sto.
After spending $2.8 million and doubling in size, Illinois-based
Enertech in Mitchell, S.D., recently completed a 20,000-square-foot
addition to the former Hydron Module facility. In addition to retaining
the 21 existing positions, the manufacturer and distributor of
geothermal heating and cooling systems plans to add 30 jobs in the
Mitchell area. "Enertech Manufacturing has been able to undergo two
plant expansions since 2007 thanks in large part to the South Dakota
REDI loan program," says Steve Smith, president, CEO, and managing
partner of Enertech Manufacturing, LLC, Mitchell. "This financing
option is much more generous than those offered by other states and has
allowed Enertech to enjoy continued growth."
The corridor between Manhattan, Kansas, and Columbia, Missouri, has
become a center for the animal health and nutrition industries.
Missouri's animal health sector includes more than 120 companies and 30
U.S. or global corporate headquarters, attracting $638 million in
research by private companies, and providing employment to more than
20,000 private-sector employees. The industry has taken root so
strongly that the U.S. Animal Health Association moved its headquarters
to Missouri in 2007.
The Missouri Science and Innovation Reinvestment Act (MOSIRA) strives
to boost the animal sciences and biotechnology and life sciences firms
by creating a stable, ongoing funding mechanism. Companies benefiting
from MOSIRA that will need trained specialists can participate in the
Training For Tomorrow initiative, a component of Governor Jay Nixon's
2010 jobs package that provides $12 million in competitive grants for
that state's community colleges to train workers in a variety of
high-tech, high-demand fields, including nursing, respiratory therapy,
phlebotomy, and veterinary technology.
From wind farms to agriculture, from technology research to technical
improvements, the Plains States are discovering and nurturing new
business, promoting job growth, and following trends that will lead to
a slow, but reliable economic recovery. | <urn:uuid:840115b9-e7d9-4250-9367-c89326a0fb0d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.areadevelopment.com/Print/siteSelection/feb10/Plains-states-report-march-2010-44455566.shtml?ID=1515&ID1=83 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280310.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00191-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.936706 | 3,188 | 2.15625 | 2 |
A content writer can create excellent content that is articles, site articles, and quick records from only a concentrate keyword and title. Thenthe article author uses an artificial intelligent machine such as GPT-3 to mechanically compose coherent paragraphs. When you believe about it, this can be very similar to that which exactly an AI information writer can perform. So if you are wondering, can you use a write-up re writer to write your own articles, the reply is sure.
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There are a number of different content inventions available online today. Several of those can be located on online essay directory sites at which authors share their thoughts and concepts in the sort of articles; others feature video files and sound clips at the sort of podcasts; and still others are still photographic creations like photo examples and collages. Many organizations today use content production to promote themselves and their goods and services. That is because they recognise that content production stipulates a exceptional opportunity to produce new awareness and public awareness at a exact economical method. By way of instance, this content provided by digital media may get to a much wider audience and thus potentially increased profitability than that given by conventional advertising procedures.
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A major advantage of articles creation provided by many online sites and organisations is its ability to permit users to express themselves at many of distinct varieties. For example, a few of these digital press outlets enable consumers to create videos that may then be shared with friends and family members. In addition to the, a few content production sites enable users to develop public records or even to publish content on the Internet. Some interpersonal networking marketing outlets permit users to share content created by others in an effort to generate targeted visitors to particular websites.
The tradition of information creation has shown invaluable to a broad selection of various people and businesses. By way of example, community records are created on the web for your role of setting court records to the general public. Similarly, content creation is used to release photographs as well as other sorts of images online. Posts from open records and from publicly accessible sources also serves as a useful purpose. That is only because it lets users hunt by means of public record information to locate information about specific people, for instance.
Certainly one of the vital aims of quite a few businesses and organisations now will be to take advantage of social websites as an easy method to reach a larger amount of likely future clients so that being a means to enhance sales. But, information creation does not only involve providing information for the general people. Many adults, for instance, utilize digital networking to record their personal lives and experiences. This really is the reason lots of university and school sites have created sites which are especially designed for young adults. These internet web sites let students to upload their own digital websites which could subsequently be retrieved by the others on the internet. | <urn:uuid:44064d7c-3e6d-4587-b6e0-82aa5c742861> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://writerspy.com/copywriting/mobile-content-creation-tool/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00476.warc.gz | en | 0.94485 | 783 | 2.3125 | 2 |
News Releases from Region 4
EPA Honors Novelis in Atlanta, GA for Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Release Date: 02/25/2014
Contact Information: Dawn Harris Young, (404) 562-8421 (Direct), (404) 562-8400 (Main), firstname.lastname@example.org
ATLANTA – Today, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Center for Corporate Climate Leadership announced the third annual Climate Leadership Award winners in partnership with the Association of Climate Change Officers (ACCO), the Center for Climate and Energy Solutions (C2ES) and The Climate Registry (TCR). Nationally, nineteen awards were given to 15 organizations and two individuals in the public and private sectors for their leadership in addressing climate change by reducing carbon pollution.
Novelis received the Excellence in Greenhouse Gas Management—Goal Achievement Award for:
- · Setting a five percent intensity GHG reduction goal per unit production between 2007 and 2012 under the EPA's former Climate Leaders program for North American operations.
· Achieving a 9.1 percent intensity reduction by 2012, this corresponds to an absolute emissions reduction of 12.9 percent over the goal period.
· Achieving its GHG reduction goal through the implementation of energy specifications for capital projects, upgrading the efficiency of outdated equipment, and updating lighting systems.
· Publicly announcing a goal to reduce energy usage by 39 percent.
The national awards program recognizes and incentivizes exemplary corporate, organizational, and individual leadership in response to climate change. Award recipients represent a wide array of industries, including finance, manufacturing, retail, technology, higher education and local government.
The President’s Climate Action Plan calls on the federal government to work with all stakeholders to take action to cut the harmful carbon pollution that fuels climate change. These organizations and individuals are working to do just that.
The awards are held in conjunction with the 2014 Climate Leadership Conference at the Hyatt Mission Bay Hotel in San Diego, Calif.
More information about the 2014 Climate Leadership Award winners is available at www.epa.gov/climateleadership/awards/2014winners.html
The EPA's Center for Corporate Climate Leadership was launched in 2012 to establish norms of climate leadership by encouraging organizations with emerging climate objectives to identify and achieve cost-effective GHG emission reductions, while helping more advanced organizations drive innovations in reducing their greenhouse gas impacts in their supply chains and beyond. The Center serves as a comprehensive resource to help organizations of all sizes measure and manage GHG emissions, providing technical tools, ground-tested guidance, educational resources, and opportunities for information sharing and peer exchange among organizations interested in reducing the environmental impacts associated with climate change.
More information about EPA’s Center for Corporate Climate Leadership: www.epa.gov/climateleadership | <urn:uuid:83781bdd-ae8c-4e89-94c1-97b435be239d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://yosemite.epa.gov/opa/admpress.nsf/2ac652c59703a4738525735900400c2c/b88d05e3476ff76a85257c8a00775ef2!OpenDocument | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00051-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.91259 | 582 | 1.6875 | 2 |
Sequencing and analysis of an Irish human genome.
Citation:Tong P, Prendergast JG, Lohan AJ, Farrington SM, Cronin S, Friel N, Bradley DG, Hardiman O, Evans A, Wilson JF, Loftus B, Sequencing and analysis of an Irish human genome., Genome Biology, 11, 9, 2010, R91
Sequencing and analysis of an Irish human genome.pdf (Published (publisher's copy) - Peer Reviewed) 661.2Kb
Background: Recent studies generating complete human sequences from Asian, African and European subgroups have revealed population-specific variation and disease susceptibility loci. Here, choosing a DNA sample from a population of interest due to its relative geographical isolation and genetic impact on further populations, we extend the above studies through the generation of 11-fold coverage of the first Irish human genome sequence. Results: Using sequence data from a branch of the European ancestral tree as yet unsequenced, we identify variants that may be specific to this population. Through comparisons with HapMap and previous genetic association studies, we identified novel disease-associated variants, including a novel nonsense variant putatively associated with inflammatory bowel disease. We describe a novel method for improving SNP calling accuracy at low genome coverage using haplotype information. This analysis has implications for future re-sequencing studies and validates the imputation of Irish haplotypes using data from the current Human Genome Diversity Cell Line Panel (HGDP-CEPH). Finally, we identify gene duplication events as constituting significant targets of recent positive selection in the human lineage. Conclusions: Our findings show that there remains utility in generating whole genome sequences to illustrate both general principles and reveal specific instances of human biology. With increasing access to low cost sequencing we would predict that even armed with the resources of a small research group a number of similar initiatives geared towards answering specific biological questions will emerge.
Science Foundation Ireland (SFI)
Type of material:Journal Article
Series/Report no:Genome Biology
Availability:Full text available
Subject (TCD):Genes & Society | <urn:uuid:27442d7f-f42f-47c0-917e-e785ca61495f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.tara.tcd.ie/handle/2262/40753 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570793.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808092125-20220808122125-00669.warc.gz | en | 0.856592 | 488 | 2.328125 | 2 |
In honor of the Day of All-Slavic educators St. Cyril and Methodius, May 24, delegations of Macedonia and Bulgaria laid wreaths on St. Cyril’s tomb at the Basilica of San Clemente in Rome.
The delegations were led by the ambassadors of the Holy See and the Italian Republic, Aleksandar Spirkovski and Magdalena Dimova, as well as their Bulgarian counterparts, Ambassadors Bogdan Patasev and Todor Stojanov. Embassy staff were also present, and the delegations were welcomed by Father Stephen Hutchinson, priest at the San Clemente Basilica.
The heads of delegations gave short speeches, marking the 1151st anniversary of the death of St. Cyril in Rome, his history, the importance of the holy brothers educators for the overall Slavic literacy, but also for the history and rapprochement of the Macedonian and Bulgarian people, as well as the basis they create for building good neighborly relations in the future.
Доколку преземете содржина од оваа страница, во целост сте се согласиле со нејзините Услови за користење. | <urn:uuid:b7250b1a-88ba-489e-8589-8baa29cc0cc4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://en.netpress.com.mk/2020/05/24/day-st-cyril-methodius-observed-rome/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.93948 | 327 | 1.765625 | 2 |
Use our free plans and ideas for designing a vegetable garden layout!
We offer videos, garden planner, and worksheet downloads to help with designing and planning home vegetable gardens!
Planning a vegetable garden layout to suit your needs is a great opportunity to be creative!
All you need is to find a sunny location whether in your yard, or on a porch, deck or patio with access to a source of water.
Choose a vegetable garden design that works well in the space you have available, and that will work with the amount of time you have to invest in gardening.
Consider building a raised bed, square foot, or container garden if you want to simplify the process of preparing your garden each season.
These types of gardens work especially well for small or beginner vegetable garden plans.
Please view our other vegetable gardening videos for additional tips, plans and ideas!
When designing a vegetable garden bed, don’t leave any bare patches, as this will encourage weeds.
Add a layer of mulch to help prevent weed seeds from sprouting.
Determine sun patterns before planting to ensure the maximum exposure.
Ask for help with planting; kids and grandkids often enjoy helping plant the garden!
It helps to have a starting point when designing a vegetable garden layout.
This design is for a 4' x 20' garden which can be in-ground, or built as a raised bed garden.
We have other free sample garden plans available for download on our "Free Garden Plans" page.
Vegetable gardening can successfully take place on the patio or porch in containers as well as in the ground.
To stretch the landscape space:
A compost bin provides an available supply of organic matter for vegetable gardening.
Adding a site in your garden design for composting allows a place to recycle non-animal food waste to enrich the garden soil.
When designing a vegetable garden, be sure to keep in mind locating near a convenient source of water.
Economic watering methods are helpful when designing a vegetable garden.
Conserving energy can be part of your master plan.
Water most often in early morning during hot spells.
Watering in the evening promotes mold, mildew, and other diseases.
In your vegetable garden design, decide whether you need to add or install a sprinkler system.
For the highest efficiency, a drip irrigation system directs water to the plant’s roots, avoiding costly run-offs or evaporation.
Many gardeners water their vegetable garden at the wrong time or over-water.
According to the EPA, this action wastes 25,000 gallons each year.
Installing proper watering systems when designing a vegetable garden saves money and deters pests and diseases from invading the planting site.
You can install a rain or soil moisture sensor that turns on when the ground is dry.
There are automatic watering systems that use local weather reports to determine a hydration schedule.
Set your sprinklers for early in the morning.
Watering during the heat of the day prevents water from reaching the roots.
Get your vegetable garden site’s soil tested before planting.
Do not rely on the do-it yourself kits as they are not always easy to use or reliable.
For an accurate reading, have your local cooperative extension office test the soil.
Some tests are performed for free or at a nominal fee.
Designing a vegetable garden and putting your creative plans in action is the first step to becoming a gardener.
Your vegetable garden layout is an important part of your gardening success.
Take time to plan and prepare adequately to ensure success in your vegetable garden.
Whether a beginner, or master gardener, designing your garden carefully is key to your success!
You might also like to read: | <urn:uuid:ebe9b1d5-4864-4a92-a776-7317cda73872> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.vegetable-gardening-online.com/designing-a-vegetable-garden.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720845.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00085-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.90308 | 771 | 2.921875 | 3 |
B’nai B’rith International deplores a demand by Greek officials to remove of a Star of David from a Holocaust memorial on the eve of its opening.
The stunning demand by the mayor and city council of Kavala, Greece, to remove the very symbol that was used to separate Jews from the rest of the community during the Holocaust is beyond insensitive. This is an attempt to erase history.
The monument, set to open 70 years after the end of World War II, pays tribute to the 1,484 Kavala Jews murdered by the Nazis.
Nearly 90 percent of the Jewish population of Greece was murdered during the Shoa.
B’nai B’rith will be directly in contact with representatives of the Greek government and our friends in the Hellenic-American community to urge their immediate attention to this deeply troubling situation. | <urn:uuid:1788be59-140c-4fea-aa80-3daf069e05ca> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.bnaibrith.org/press-releases/outrageous-demand-to-remove-jewish-star-from-greek-holocaust-memorial-reprehensible | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720972.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00250-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.938388 | 176 | 2.25 | 2 |
The River Holford is located in the east Quantocks hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty in Somerset.
It is approximately 4.5 miles (7 km) long. The source of the River Holford are headstreams that rise on Frog Hill and flow north east through Frog Combe to join headwaters created by Lady's Fountain Springs on Robin Upright's Hill that flow north west through Lady's Combe. The combined waters flow northerly through Butterfly Wood in Holford Combe, passing Lower Hare Knap and Combe House Hotel, once the site of a tannery. The journey continues to Holford, passing the ruined site of a silk mill, to meet waters from Hodder's Combe at Mare's Pool.
Flowing through Frog Combe
Weir below Lower Hare Knap
The Hodder's Combe waters are formed by head streams that flow through Sheppard's Combe and slaughterhouse Combe that rise on Black Ball Hill and head streams that rise on Stert Head and flow through Stert Combe and Somerton Combe.
The elevation of the headwaters are between the range of 280 - 300 metres.
At Mare's Pool the River Holford, now at it's full strength, flows in a northerly direction through Holford Glen, passing Oyle's Wood and Withing Wood and on to Kilve. Flowing beneath the A39 the river passes through Kilve to arrive at the Kilve Pill and Bridgwater Bay.
The geology of the river consists of three different rock types at the top of the river there is the Devonian Quartzite(Metamorphic), in the middle of the river there is the Permo-Triassic Marl(Sedimentary) and the lower part of the river consists of Jurassic Limestone(Sedimentary). The first two rock types are impermeable meaning there is little drainage for the river but the river depth becomes smaller as the water flows of the permeable limstone which will allow water to pass through. Quartzite is also very resistant to chemical weathering and can form ridges. | <urn:uuid:23dc40e4-08b8-400f-b83e-d681c22e395e> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://somersetrivers.org/index.php?module=Content&func=view&pid=15 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721278.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00149-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.949171 | 432 | 2.671875 | 3 |
Rare hostess when cooking does without the use of spices and condiments, greatly enhance the natural flavor of food.Allspice, bay leaf, ginger and coriander ... such "tasty", familiar from childhood name.Recently added to the list of unusual chemical - sodium glutamate.Call it the spice in the full sense of the word can not, however, its impact on the food industry is enormous.
Why is one product seems more delicious than the other?The answer is simple: the whole point of the components of food affect the taste buds, papillae of the human tongue.What is the impact of more intense, the more intense taste.For example, in the conventional garlic includes the natural flavor enhancer.The highest concentration of the substance in the fresh food, and then it gradually decreases.To understand the mechanism, many researchers abandoned all efforts to find an artificial substitute, and once he was found.It appeared to be a flavor enhancer E621, which is one of a list of (600-699) for the food additives.
history of MSG began back in 1907 when the University of Tokyo was synthesized compound of glutamic acid and sodium dihydrogen.This substance is involved in the transmission of pulses by the nervous system, causing excited state and registers as a stimulating agent for some patients in psychiatry.Drug-drug, but its salt, known as "flavor enhancer", is much more complicated.
Physically, monosodium glutamate is readily soluble in water, white or yellowish powder, tasteless and odorless, but when added to food enhances its taste, stimulating receptors language.This means that the production of the meat dishes can be used quite a bit of meat, and the rest is replaced by soy protein or even cheaper analogue and add a flavor enhancer.The man has used a similar product, it will be delighted with rich meat flavor.Thus, it is possible to give a "second life" even frankly substandard food.In fact, the modern food industry is impossible without it.
Currently, flavor enhancers made in the amount of over 200 000 tonnes per year.Meats, semi-fast food, chips, crackers, small dried fish - this is not a complete list of products, seasoned with such substances.It would seem that uses a flavor enhancer and enjoy a new rich taste familiar food.However, more authoritative scientists after a series of experiments with laboratory rats, declare the possible danger.Monosodium glutamate for daily use more than 3 grams is considered dangerous.The researchers argue that this substance is not fully displayed the body, and gradually accumulated in the tissues of the body and the liver, later causing serious health problems.Japanese H. Oguro, who has studied the issue for a long time, came to the conclusion that the use of flavor enhancers several times increases the likelihood of future problems with vision and clouding of the retina.While the debate about the dangers of such an additive being a long time, proved that its use leads to addiction, and the natural flavor of the food seems to be person insipid
Tourists will deceive the Chinese or Korean, certainly after visiting the restaurant experienced dizziness, nausea and general malaise.This is not surprising, because in almost all the dishes added large amounts of monosodium glutamate.In some Korean restaurants yellowish powder is fed on the table as well as salt.For high rates of indigenous people familiar flavor enhancer, because they have absorbed the substance with mother's milk.
has sharply increased in recent decades, the number of cases may be due to, inter alia, with flavor enhancers, which are so accustomed to mankind.Is it time to restrict the use of harmful additives, and carefully choose products? | <urn:uuid:0616890f-9db2-48d0-be75-119a59315330> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://healthtipsing.com/en/pages/35232 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280128.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00391-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.948035 | 764 | 2.40625 | 2 |
A simple modelling approach to vegetation biochemistry spectroscopy in remote sensing
This paper presents a modelling framework to analyse the reflectance spectrum of green vegetation based on very simplified radiative transfer theory and classical mixture analysis. A data set was composed that associated high quality laboratory spectra with a number of chosen physical and chemical measurements. These data were used in an attempt to deduce empirical in vivo absorption coefficients for proteins, cellulose and lignin. These were then used in the inversion of the model to determine the biochemical composition from the reflectance spectrum.
Bibliographic Reference: Paper presented: MAC Europe Final Results Workshop, Lenggries (DE), October 4-6, 1994
Availability: Available from (1) as Paper EN 38776 ORA
Record Number: 199510041 / Last updated on: 1995-01-10
Original language: en
Available languages: en | <urn:uuid:ef144f5f-a1ab-43d4-b950-71ba67743681> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://cordis.europa.eu/publication/rcn/199510041_en.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280310.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00182-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.874504 | 181 | 1.84375 | 2 |
Telegraph Quartet Presented as part of the Morris Museum’s Outdoor Lot of Strings Music Festival...
Telegraph Quartet Presented as part of the Morris Museum’s Outdoor Lot of Strings Music Festival
Performing Music by Maurice Ravel and Arnold Schoenberg
Photo by Lisa Marie Mazzucco available in high resolution at www.jensenartists.com/telegraph-quartet
Thursday, July 7, 2022 at 5pm
6 Normandy Heights Road | Morristown, NJ
Tickets and information: https://morrismuseum.org/events/telegraph-quartet/
"precise tuning, textural variety, and impassioned communication” – The Strad
Telegraph Quartet: www.telegraphquartet.com
Morristown, NJ – On Thursday July 7, 2022, the Telegraph Quartet (Eric Chin and Joseph Maile, violins; Pei-Ling Lin, viola; Jeremiah Shaw, cello) will be presented by the Morris Museum (6 Normandy Heights Rd), as part of the the museum’s third annual Lot of Strings Music Festival, which has been described by the The New York Times as a “Live Music Splendor in a Parking Lot.”
For their festival performance, the Telegraph Quartet will present their Divergent Paths concert program, which includes Ravel’s String Quartet in F Major and Schoenberg’s String Quartet No. 1 in D minor, Op. 7. Highlighted through this program are the distinct ways in which both Ravel and Schemberg reacted to the Romantic tradition that came before them.
Ravel’s String Quartet was written just as he was finally finding his voice as a composer, having been swept up into the color world of Debussy’s “Impressionism.” It is a clear break from the excesses of German-Romanticism, while looking back farther to the Apollonian structure of classicism. Ravel uses the quartet medium to find a space and vibrancy, using clear, etched themes set against a backdrop of colorfully evocative environments.
In stark contrast, Schoenberg described his first string quartet as a culmination of the end of that very German-Romantic musical tradition that Ravel was trying to eschew. Greatly inspired by Wagner and Mahler, Schoenberg manages to pack an unending wealth of musical themes and tortuous counterpoint into the four voices of the quartet, creating a kind of Wagnerian epic in chamber form. It has both a Dionysian excess and a rigorously worked-out overarching structure that ties the entire work together in almost one breath. Schoenberg believed that he had expended all of the possibilities of late romanticism in this work, and so felt he had no choice but to forge a strange new path forward out of the remnants of that tradition. That path would reshape much of the 20th Century’s musical image and add greatly to that ecosystem of diverse musical styles.
About the Telegraph Quartet: The Telegraph Quartet (Eric Chin and Joseph Maile, violins; Pei-Ling Lin, viola; Jeremiah Shaw, cello) formed in 2013 with an equal passion for the standard chamber music repertoire and contemporary, non-standard works alike. Described by the San Francisco Chronicle as “…an incredibly valuable addition to the cultural landscape” and “powerfully adept… with a combination of brilliance and subtlety,” the Telegraph Quartet was awarded the prestigious 2016 Walter W. Naumburg Chamber Music Award and the Grand Prize at the 2014 Fischoff Chamber Music Competition. The Quartet has performed in concert halls, music festivals, and academic institutions across the United States and abroad, including New York City’s Carnegie Hall and Lincoln Center, San Francisco’s Herbst Theatre, the San Francisco Conservatory of Music’s Chamber Masters Series, and at festivals including the Chautauqua Institute, Kneisel Hall Chamber Music Festival, and the Emilia Romagna Festival. The Quartet is currently on the chamber music faculty at the San Francisco Conservatory of Music as the Quartet-in-Residence.
Notable collaborations include projects with pianists Leon Fleisher and Simone Dinnerstein; cellists Norman Fischer and Bonnie Hampton; violinist Ian Swensen; composer-vocalist Theo Bleckmann; the Henschel Quartett, and the St. Lawrence String Quartet.. A fervent champion of 20th- and 21st-century repertoire, the Telegraph Quartet has premiered works by John Harbison, Robert Sirota, and Richard Festinger, and Osvaldo Golijov.
In 2018 the Quartet released its debut album, Into the Light, featuring works by Anton Webern, Benjamin Britten, and Leon Kirchner on the Centaur label. The San Francisco Chronicle praised the album, saying, "Just five years after forming, the Bay Area’s Telegraph Quartet has established itself as an ensemble of serious depth and versatility, and the group’s terrific debut recording only serves to reinforce that judgment." AllMusic acclaimed, “An impressive beginning for an adventurous group, this 2018 release puts the Telegraph Quartet on the map.
Beyond the concert stage, the Telegraph Quartet seeks to spread its music through education and audience engagement. The Quartet has given master classes at the San Francisco Conservatory of Music Collegiate and Pre-College Divisions, through the Morrison Artist Series at San Francisco State University, and abroad at the Taipei National University of the Arts, National Taiwan Normal University, and in San Miguel de Allende, Mexico. Telegraph has also served as artists-in-residence at the Interlochen Adult Chamber Music Camp, SoCal Chamber Music Workshop, and Crowden Music Center Chamber Music Workshop. In November 2020, the Telegraph Quartet launched ChamberFEAST!, a chamber music workshop in Taiwan.
The Telegraph Quartet adapted to the challenging times presented by the COVID-19 pandemic and performed virtual concerts presented by the San Francisco Conservatory of Music, Crowden Chamber Music Workshop, Noe Music, Noontime Concerts, Music in Corrales, and Intermusic SF. For Earth Day 2020 (the 50th anniversary of Earth Day), the National Academy of Science in collaboration with the ClimateMusic Project hosted a virtual performance by the Telegraph Quartet of Richard Festinger’s Icarus in Flight. In 2020, Telegraph launched an ongoing online video project called TeleLab, in which the ensemble collectively breaks down the components of a movement from various works for quartet. For more information, visit www.telegraphquartet.com.
About the Morris Museum: Founded in 1913, the Morris Museum is an award-winning, multifaceted arts and cultural institution serving the public through its exhibitions and performances, which strive to interpret the past and discover the future through art, sound, and motion. The Museum is home to the historic and internationally-significant Murtogh D. Guinness Collection of Mechanical Musical Instruments and Automata. The Museum’s Bickford Theatre is a 312-seat performing-arts facility, offering unique programming in film, jazz, and live performance through its innovative series, Live Arts. As New Jersey’s only Smithsonian Affiliate Museum, it launched Spark!Lab, a dynamic, Smithsonian-created learning space which will inspire young visitors to create, collaborate, and innovate. A strong team of volunteers assists the Museum's professional staff in many operations. Training for volunteer Spark!Lab Ambassadors is offered on a quarterly basis. To learn more, visit www.morrismuseum.org.
# # # | <urn:uuid:fa38636f-a676-4eaf-9f9d-077e46432a18> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.jensenartists.com/single-post/telegraph-quartet-presented-as-part-of-the-morris-museum-s-outdoor-lot-of-strings-music-festival | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.912946 | 1,598 | 1.554688 | 2 |
In service, financial monitoring is the exercise of taking care of a company’s finances in a way that allows it to be successful and compliant via regulations. That takes both a high-level plan and also boots-on-the-ground execution.
You are watching: Which one of the following best states the primary goal of financial management
What Is Financial Management?
At its core, financial monitoring is the practice of making a service plan and also then ensuring all departments stay on track. Solid financial management allows the CFO or VP of finance to administer information that supports creation of a long-range vision, informs decisions on wright here to invest, and also returns insights on how to money those investments, liquidity, profitcapability, cash runmeans and also even more.
ERP software application deserve to assist finance groups accomplish these goals: A financial administration device combines a number of financial functions, such as accountancy, fixed-asset management, revenue recognition and also payment handling. By integrating these essential components, a financial administration device ensures real-time visibility right into the financial state of a firm while facilitating day-to-day operations, favor period-finish cshed processes.
Video: What Is Financial Management?
Objectives of Financial Management
Building on those pillars, financial supervisors aid their carriers in a range of means, consisting of however not restricted to:
Provide insights on, for example, increasing expenses of raw products that could create an increase in the price of products sold.
Tracking liquidity and cash flow
Encertain the company has actually enough money on hand to fulfill its obligations.
Keep up through state, federal and also industry-particular regulations.
Developing financial scenarios
These are based on the business’ existing state and forecasts that assume a large variety of outcomes based upon possible sector conditions.
Dealing successfully with investors and also the boards of directors.
Eventually, it’s about using reliable management principles to the company’s financial framework.
Scope of Financial Management
Financial monitoring includes 4 significant areas:
The financial manager tasks exactly how much money the firm will require in order to keep positive cash circulation, alsituate funds to flourish or add brand-new commodities or solutions and cope via unmeant events, and shares that indevelopment with company colleagues.
Planning may be broken down right into categories including funding costs, T&E and also workpressure and also instraight and operational expenses.
Managing and assessing risk
Line-of-service executives look to their financial supervisors to assess and also administer compensating controls for a variety of dangers, including:
The financial manager sets actions about how the finance team will process and also distribute financial data, prefer invoices, payments and reports, through protection and also accuracy. These composed procedures likewise outline who is responsible for making financial decisions at the agency — and also who signs off on those decisions.
Companies don’t must begin from scratch; tright here are policy and also procedure templates available for a variety of organization forms, such as this one for nonrevenues.
Functions of Financial Management
More almost, a financial manager’s tasks in the over locations revolve around planning and forespreading and regulating expenditures.
The FP&A feature contains issuing P&L statements, analyzing which product lines or solutions have actually the highest possible profit margin or add the the majority of to net profitcapacity, maintaining the budacquire and forespreading the company’s future financial performance and scenario planning.
Managing cash flow is additionally crucial. The financial manager need to make sure there’s sufficient cash on hand also for day-to-day operations, like paying workers and purchasing raw products for manufacturing. This involves overseeing cash as it flows both in and out of the business, a practice referred to as cash administration.
Along through cash management, financial management has revenue recognition, or reporting the company’s revenue according to typical audit ethics. Balancing accounts receivable turnover ratios is a vital part of strategic cash conservation and monitoring. This might sound simple, yet it isn’t always: At some carriers, customers could pay months after receiving your business. At what allude carry out you think about that money “yours” — and also report the excellent news to investors?
Invoice frequently and accurately. If invoices don’t go out on time, money will certainly not come in on time.
Almethods state payment terms. You can’t enforce policies that you haven’t interacted to clients. If you make transforms, speak to them out.
Offer multiple methods to pay. New B2B alternatives are coming online. Have you taken into consideration a payment gateway?
Set follow-up reminders. Don’t wait till customers are in arrears to start collection actions. Be proenergetic, yet not annoying, through reminders.
Learn more around maximizing your AR turnover ratios.
Finally, controlling financial controls requires analyzing how the agency is perdeveloping financially compared through its plans and also budgets. Methods for doing this encompass financial proportion analysis, in which the financial manager compares line items on the company’s financial statements.
Strategic vs. Tactical Financial Management
On a tactical level, financial administration procedures govern just how you process everyday transactions, perdevelop the monthly financial cshed, compare actual spending to what’s budgeted and ensure you fulfill auditor and taxation requirements.
On an extra strategic level, financial administration feeds into crucial FP&A (financial planning and also analysis) and also visioning activities, wright here finance leaders use information to help line-of-organization colleagues plan future investments, spot avenues and also build sturdy suppliers.
Importance of Financial Management
Solid financial administration offers the structure for 3 pillars of sound fiscal governance:
Helping company leaders decide the best way to execute on plans by offering up-to-day financial reports and data on pertinent KPIs.
Ensuring each department is contributing to the vision and operating within budobtain and in alignment via strategy.
With efficient financial administration, all employees recognize wright here the agency is headed, and also they have visibility into progress.
What Are the Three Types of Financial Management?
The functions over can be grouped into three larger types of financial management:
Relates to identifying what needs to occur financially for the agency to accomplish its short- and long-term objectives. Wright here must resources funds be expfinished to assistance growth?
Working resources management
As discussed over, is making sure there’s sufficient cash on hand also for day-to-day operations, favor paying employees and also purchasing raw products for manufacturing.
What Is an Example of Financial Management?
We’ve covered some examples of financial administration in the “functions” area over. Now, let’s cover just how they all occupational together:
Say the CEO of a toothpaste company desires to introduce a new product: toothbrushes. She’ll call on her team to estimate the expense of developing the toothbrushes and the financial manager to identify wbelow those funds have to come from — for instance, a financial institution loan.
The financial manager will acquire those funds and also ensure they’re alsituated to manufacture toothbrushes in the most cost-reliable method feasible. Assuming the toothbrushes offer well, the financial manager will certainly gather data to aid the management team decide whether to put the profits toward producing more toothbrushes, start a line of mouthwashes, pay a dividend to shareholders or take some various other activity.
Throughout the procedure, the financial manager will encertain the firm has actually enough cash on hand to pay the brand-new workers producing the toothbrushes. She’ll likewise analyze whether the firm is spfinishing and also generating as much money as she approximated once she budgeted for the job.
Financial Management for Startups
At the outset, financial administration duties within a startup encompass making and sticking to a budgain that aligns with the service setup, evaluating what to perform with earnings and also making certain your bills acquire passist and that customers pay you.
As the firm grows and adds finance and bookkeeping contractors or staffers, financial administration gets more complicated. You need to make sure your employees gain phelp, with precise deductions; properly file taxes and also financial statements; and watch for errors and fraud.
See more: Video: ' Total Eclipse Of The Heart Literal Version ), Total Eclipse Of The Heart Literal Video Version
This all circles back to our opening discussion of balancing strategic and tactical. By building a plan, you ca solution the massive questions: Are our items and solutions profitable? Can we afford to launch a brand-new product or make that hire? What can the coming 12 to 18 months lug for the business?
Solid financial administration gives the units and also processes to answer those questions. | <urn:uuid:bfee8779-22ab-4b80-9b7b-857181af3fb3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://muzic-ivan.info/which-one-of-the-following-best-states-the-primary-goal-of-financial-management/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571869.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813021048-20220813051048-00074.warc.gz | en | 0.929157 | 1,895 | 2.640625 | 3 |
This obviously is not Texas bicycle related other than the fact that I am from the town where the championships were held, Zanesville. The terrain around this part of Ohio reminds me of the eastern US MTB race locale. I have been to the Dillon State Park many times but there wasn’t any place even thought of hosting this type of an event. The MTB had not been invented yet when I lived there. This part of Ohio is very rural. Several counties have a population of a few thousand. This is the foothills of the Appalachian Mountains. Coal, cows and corn reign here.
So if you are interested in how a small town in Ohio can host the MTB championship take a look at this link and the one below. The stories are carried by the local TV station (WHIZ) and the newspaper, The Zanesville Times Recorder. There are some good pictures.
Excerpt from the WHIZ website:
Dillon State Park Hosts Cycling Race
By: Katie Jeffries
It was off to the races this morning in Dillon State Park. Professional and novice cyclists alike gathered to compete in the Ohio Mountain Bike Championship. The professional cyclists practice almost everyday and were ready for the race to begin.
And from the Times Recorder:
Mountain bikers flock to Dillon State Park
BY JIM BARSTOW • Staff Writer
NASHPORT — Things got a little rocky for Jordan Morozowsky and about 100 of his friends. A resident of Roseville, Morozowsky navigated over and around hundreds of boulders strewn along the wooded hillsides of northern Muskingum County Sunday and captured first place in his class during the Ohio Mountain Bike Championship Series at Dillon State Park. | <urn:uuid:bcfb819d-6262-4433-a450-321f6251bb4c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.texbiker.net/blog/category/mountain-bike/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280900.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00006-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964728 | 353 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Social Inequality and Difference with Research Methods contains the key information for OCR A2 Unit G674, with examiners' notes and essential notes to deliver exam success. An exam section contains two sample papers with answers at A and C grades and detailed comments from AQA examiners on how to move up from a lower grade and secure a higher one.
OCR A2 Unit G674 Social Inequality and Difference with Research Methods contains all the key information for this unit. The revision content and exam practice sections are matched to the OCR 2008 specifications and include:
• Patterns and trends of inequality and difference
• Theoretical explanations of inequality
• Sociological explanations of the changing class structure
• Exploring sociological research into social inequality and difference
• Exam practice section with sample papers and answers
• Glossary of key terms
"synopsis" may belong to another edition of this title.
Book Description HarperCollins UK, 2011. Book Condition: Good. N/A. Ships from the UK. Former Library book. Shows some signs of wear, and may have some markings on the inside. Bookseller Inventory # GRP81432796
Book Description HarperCollins UK. PAPERBACK. Book Condition: Very Good. 0007418388. Bookseller Inventory # MMM0013238 | <urn:uuid:d8bf687c-94fe-4c6c-bfa6-f1bdb7803669> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.abebooks.co.uk/9780007418381/Student-Support-Materials-Sociology-OCR-0007418388/plp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00072-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.867422 | 268 | 2.421875 | 2 |
NEW YORK, Jan. 13, 2014 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ -- A new study from iMediaEthics released today raises serious questions about pollsters using online surveys to measure public opinion.
David W. Moore, formerly of Gallup, and Andrew E. Smith, the Director of The University of New Hampshire's Survey Center, report the findings today on the iMediaEthics website.
GfK's web-based The KnowledgePanel™ is touted as the future of polling, because its web-based panels are obtained by using scientific means of sampling, unlike most online polls.
But the report by Moore and Smith, "GfK Web-Based Polls: Why Do AP, Pew, CBS, and Other Media Trust Them? A Recent GfK Poll Raises Doubts," suggests the GfK panel may not be as representative of the American public as was previously thought.
The report compares the results of two polls commissioned by iMediaEthics on whether the public supports banning trans fats in restaurants. The telephone poll conducted by PSRAI found an almost evenly divided public, similar to the results it obtained for Pew in October. The GfK poll, by contrast, showed a public that favored the ban by about a two-to-one margin.
Since the two polls commissioned by iMediaEthics were done at the same time, the large difference in results had to reflect the difference between GfK's web-based sample and PSRAI's phone sample.
Moore and Smith explain why the phone-based sample is likely to be the more accurate reflection of the American public.
The report includes a response from GfK and iMediaEthics.
David W. Moore is Polling Director for iMediaEthics and Senior Fellow with the Carsey Institute at the University of New Hampshire. He is a former Vice President of the Gallup Organization and was a senior editor with the Gallup Poll for thirteen years. He is author of The Opinion Makers: An Insider Exposes the Truth Behind the Polls (Beacon, 2008; trade paperback edition, 2009). Publishers' Weekly refers to it as a "succinct and damning critique...Keen and witty throughout."
Andrew E. Smith is Associate Professor and Director of the Survey Center at the University of New Hampshire. He teaches in the Political Science Department and has published numerous scholarly articles on polling. He has also conducted numerous polls for the Boston Globe, USA Today, CNN, Fox News, several local television stations, and various state and local government agencies.
Moore and Smith are writing a book about the New Hampshire primary.
iMediaEthics is published by Art Science Research Laboratory, a not-for-profit co-founded by its director, Rhonda Roland Shearer, an artist, art historian and award winning journalist, and her late husband, Harvard professor and scientist Stephen Jay Gould. ASRL promotes the media's use of scientific methods and experts before publication.
iMediaEthics' national polls that fact check ("Poll Check") media polls are funded by the Golkin Foundation. | <urn:uuid:879a49f2-32cf-4f92-8efd-e24bc870b670> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/imediaethics-polls-raise-doubt-about-gfk-web-based-polls-239913611.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280929.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00425-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954288 | 635 | 1.914063 | 2 |
In every story the good triumphs all but what if the good was tainted before the end of the story unfold. In the Play “Hamlet”, William Shakespeare, an English poet, playwright and an actor, widely referred to as the greatest writer and a key component to the development of modern English.With “Hamlet” being on of his greatest works it made people speculate what made this story such a success. Was it the blur line between good and evil. In the play the protagonist Hamlet, a man seeking justice for his father’s death who committed questionable actions which made the audience question whether he is the villain or the hero. In the end Hamlet was not a bad man on the contrary he is a hero he just did everything in his power to get justice for his father’s death.
Hamlet wasn’t just a man he was a son above all. When Hamlet heard news of his fathers unexpected death and witnessing his ghost appearing to tell him about the true reason for his death Hamlet was outraged. As any son close to their father would be after finding out that his own uncle killed his father and took his place. It can be seen this intense emotion of anger when he says “Haste me to know’t , that I, with wings as swift As meditation or the thought of love, May sweep to my revenge” (Act 1, scene 5, Line 29). He just wants justice severed where its needed and he sees no one will so he decides to take action on his own accord what’s so wrong with that.
Many people will argue that Hamlet was a villain that he is the one to blame for the deaths of many of the characters in the play. Hamlet was consumed with vengeance ,he had one goal which was to unveil the truth and make his uncle pay for his deed. This Can be seen when Hamlet says “ But heaven hath pleased it so, to punish me with this and this with me, That I must be their scourge and minister”. In this line we can see that Hamlet truly believes that this is his purpose in life is to get vengeance for his father’s death. Hamlet is not the villain in this story in contrary he is the hero he brought justice where it was needed to be served.
Obviously Hamlet is one of Shakespeare’s most remarkable works. He achieved this by developing this unique storyline and these memorable characters. The story revolves around young Hamlet mourning the loss of his father and finding out by his father’s ghost that he was killed by his own brother. Is Hamlet really the bad guy here ? I beg to differ I agree hamlet could have taken a better approach but in the end he paid the price. Since the begging Hamlet was prepared to pay the highest price for his actions something a villian wouldn’t do. And when has avenging in a story ever been seen as unjust. | <urn:uuid:ad94f13d-e41c-4945-83e4-dc880c3696b5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://edubirdie.com/examples/hamlet-the-good-or-the-evil/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570913.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809064307-20220809094307-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.990325 | 611 | 3.25 | 3 |
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REFERENCE LINKING PLATFORM OF KOREA S&T JOURNALS
> Journal Vol & Issue
Journal of Life Science
Journal Basic Information
Journal DOI :
Korean Society of Life Science
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Volume & Issues
Volume 17, Issue 12 - Dec 2007
Volume 17, Issue 11 - Nov 2007
Volume 17, Issue 10 - Oct 2007
Volume 17, Issue 9 - Sep 2007
Volume 17, Issue 8 - Aug 2007
Volume 17, Issue 7 - Jul 2007
Volume 17, Issue 6 - Jun 2007
Volume 17, Issue 5 - May 2007
Volume 17, Issue 4 - Apr 2007
Volume 17, Issue 3 - Mar 2007
Volume 17, Issue 2 - Feb 2007
Volume 17, Issue 1 - Jan 2007
Selecting the target year
Investigation of Diseases of Thai koi, Anabas testudineus (BLOCH) from Farming Conditions in Winter
Ahmed, Gias Uddin ; Dhar, Mili ; Absar Khan, Mohammed Nurul ; Choi, Jae-Suk ;
Journal of Life Science, volume 17, issue 10, 2007, Pages 1309~1314
DOI : 10.5352/JLS.2007.17.10.1309
Investigation on health conditions of Thai koi (Anabas testudineus) were carried out through clinical and histopathological observations from different farms of Mymensingh district for seven months during August 2006 to February 2007. Fish sampling and water quality parameters (temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH) were monitored on a monthly basis. Clinical examination of fishes was also carried out for any kind of abnormalities at monthly intervals. Samples of skin, muscle, gill, liver and kidney were observed by histological technique. Among the water quality parameters the values of water temperature, dissolved oxygen were found to be at unfavorable level for fish during the colder months in the farms. Clinically it was observed that fishes were more affected from December to January and almost normal in appearance during August to September and February. Different clinical symptoms like scale loss, dermal lesion, ulcer and loss of caudal fin were noticed in December and January. In histopathological study, structures of fish organs were normal from August to September. In the months of October and November, minor pathologies were found to be started. Marked pathological changes like necrosis, pyknosis, inflammation, hemorrhage, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, missing of primary and secondary gill lamellae were observed in the months of December and January. Whereas, in the month of February the pathological condition of fish gradually reduced. Again when considered individual fish farm, fishes of Reliance Aqua Farm were more affected than Sotota Matshya Hatchery. The study showed that severity of clinical and pathological changes were increased in December and January. During the period EUS and protozoan diseases were noticed in A. testudineus of the investigated farms.
Radiographic Evaluation of Limb Bone Development in Miniature Porcine
Chang, Jin-Hwa ; Jung, Joo-Hyun ; Choi, Min-Cheol ;
Journal of Life Science, volume 17, issue 10, 2007, Pages 1315~1320
DOI : 10.5352/JLS.2007.17.10.1315
Epiphyseal development in the long bones was studied radiographically in minipigs. Radiographs of the proximal and distal epiphyses of humerus, radius, ulna, femur and tibia were obtained at 4, 8, 12, 20, 40, 48, 96 and 144 weeks of age in total 58 minipigs. The assessment of maturity process was made in accordance with the criteria proposed by Owada and Sutow. The secondary ossification centers developed rapidly from 4 weeks of age to 40 weeks of age, and gradually thereafter until 96 weeks of age. The earliest epiphyseal fusion was apparent in the proximal radius, proximal and distal femur at 96 weeks of age. The complete fusion of the epiphyseal line in the long bones was evident on 144 weeks of age and was observed in most long bones such as the proximal humerus, the proximal and distal ulna and the distal radius, and the proximal tibia in minipigs.
Partial Purification and Quantification of Insulin-like Growth Factor-I from Red Deer Antler
Gu, Lijuan ; Mo, Eun-Kyoung ; Fang, ZheMing ; Sun, BaiShen ; Zhu, XueMei ; Sung, Chang-Keun ;
Journal of Life Science, volume 17, issue 10, 2007, Pages 1321~1329
DOI : 10.5352/JLS.2007.17.10.1321
Deer antler tissue contains the most rapidly growing bone in the animal kingdom. Thus, it is likely that growing antler tissue is a rich source of local paracrine bone-stimulating factors. Growth factors, at least the insulin-like growth factor (IGF), control the bone-remodelling process. In this study, we tried to isolate and purify IGF-I from fresh antler tissue by the routine isolation and purification of protein. The purification involved ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE-Sepharose CL-60 ion-exchange chromatography, CM-Sepharose CL-6B ion-exchange chromatography, and Sephadex G-50 chromatography. Purified fractions from each step were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PACE), Dot-blot, and Western-blot methods. Furthermore, the quantification of partially purified IGF-I was calculated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) using antibody to human recombinant IGF-1. SDS-PAGE analysis of the final fraction yielded two molecular bands and the signal band was at 12 kDa on the Western-blot film. This purified IGF-I fraction showed a peak at retention time of eight min. The quantity of IGF-I in 20 g deer antler tissue as starting weight was calculated using a standard curve to be 2910 ng/ml, and total IGF-I amount is 0.291 g. The results show that IGF-I, which can be found in deer antler, can be partially purified and quantified by classic protein isolation methods.
Antioxidative Activity of Extracts of Aged Black Garlic on Oxidation of Human Low Density Lipoprotein
Yang, Seung-Taek ;
Journal of Life Science, volume 17, issue 10, 2007, Pages 1330~1335
DOI : 10.5352/JLS.2007.17.10.1330
This study was developed to assess the antioxidative activity of aged black garlic extract on lipid peroxidation and low density lipoprotein (LDL). Antioxidative activity of aged black garlic extract on human low density lipoprotein (LDL) was investigated by monitoring a barbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS). Electron donating ability (EDA) of aged black garlic, ethanol extract was higher than that alliin and water extract. Aged black garlic water and ethanol extracts inhibited the
mediated oxidation of human LDL in a dose dependent manner at concentration of 10 and
. Ethanol extract and water extract of aged black garlic almost completely inhibited J774 mediated LDL oxidation in electrophoretic mobility and conjugated diene. These results indicate that aged black garlic might play a protective antioxidant effects on LDL, probably affecting the structural properties for the LDL oxidation.
Efficient Bulblet Regeneration and Growth from Bulb Scale of Hyacinthus orientalis L. cv. Pink Pearl Cultured in vitro
Lee, Kyung-Soon ; Chung, Chung-Han ; Chung, Yong-Mo ; Kim, Doh-Hoon ; Jeong, Soon-Jae ; Nam, Jae-Sung ; Kim, Gyung-Tae ; Yi, Young-Byung ;
Journal of Life Science, volume 17, issue 10, 2007, Pages 1336~1340
DOI : 10.5352/JLS.2007.17.10.1336
The regeneration and growth of bulblets from the bulb scale segments of Hyacinthus orientalis L. cv. Pink Pearl were more efficient in IBA than IAA at the same concentrations (1.0 and 3.0 mg/l). The normal (base-down) orientation of explants was more effective for bulblet regeneration and root growth than the inverted (base-up) orientation. The growth of bulblets and roots was increased higher in the perlite than the agar medium. These results suggested that the alternate culture system, first cultured in the agar medium for bulblet regeneration, and then in the perlite medium for bulblet growth, may be more useful for efficient in vitro culture of hyacinth (H. orientalils) cv. Pink Pearl.
Purification and Characterization of β-Xylosidase from Paenibacillus sp. DG-22
Lee, Tae-Hyeong ; Lim, Pyung-Ok ; Lee, Yong-Eok ;
Journal of Life Science, volume 17, issue 10, 2007, Pages 1341~1346
DOI : 10.5352/JLS.2007.17.10.1341
from Paenibacillus sp. DG-22 was purified to homogeneity by ion-exchange, hydrophobic interaction and gel-filtration chromatography. The molecular weight of the enzyme was measured to be 156,000 by gel filtration and 80,000 by SDS-PAGE, indicating that the enzyme consisted of two identical subunits. The purified enzyme exhibited maximum activity at
and pH 5.5. It retained 89% of its initial activity up to 60 min at
and had a half-life of 25 min at
. The enzyme was highly specific for pNPX as the substrate. It showed little or no activity against other p-nitrophenyl glycosides and xylans. The
for pNPX was 0.53 mM and 3.18 U/mg protein, respectively. The
was strongly inhibited by
and slightly activated by DTT. The hydrolysis product from xylobiose, xylotriose, and xylotetraose was xylose.
Changes of Glycosylation Pattern in Aging Rat Kidneys as Revealed with Lectin Conjugates
Gil, Young-Gi ; Kim, Keun-Ha ; Choi, Byung-Tae ;
Journal of Life Science, volume 17, issue 10, 2007, Pages 1347~1353
DOI : 10.5352/JLS.2007.17.10.1347
The changes of glycoconjuagates (GCs) in rat kidney due to maturation were studied from samples of fetal and postnatal kidneys by lectin histochemistry. Rat kidneys of perinatal ages and adults were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde and were stained with nine kinds of biotinylated lectins. The immature forms of the renal developmental stage such as vesicles and ureteric bud were observed in the cortex as late as day 14 of postnatal life, but the histological appearance of the weaning kidney was similar to that observed in adults. As for histochemical properties of GCs in the glomeruli, Con A affinity tended to increase with aging, but both RCA-1 and LCA affinities showed a transient increase in immature glomeruli of neonatal rats. DBA affinity with SBA, PNA, BSL-1 and RCA-1, additional Con A one in proximal tubule, were increased in both proximal and distal tubules according to maturation. In contrast to this, transient intensive LCA affinity were demonstrated in immature proximal and distal tubule of neonatal rats. In the collecting tubules, DBA, SBA, PNA and sWGA affinities tended to increase according to maturation, but transient increase for BSL-1, RCA-1 and LCA affinities were detected in neonatal rats. The present results suggest that the mature glycosylation pattern of the kidney undergoes profound changes during maturation and is probably associated with functional maturation of the kidney.
Effect of Tea Polyphenols on Anticancer Activity and Cytokines Production
Shon, Mi-Yae ; Nam, Sang-Hae ;
Journal of Life Science, volume 17, issue 10, 2007, Pages 1354~1360
DOI : 10.5352/JLS.2007.17.10.1354
Theaflavins (TF) and thearubigins (TR) are constituents of tea pigments which are polyphenols derived from Korean fermentation tea. After TF, TR and [(-) epigallocatechin-3-gallate](EGCG) have been applied to macrophage cell line (RAW264.7) nitric oxide (NO) synthesis and cytokines production were estimated. Cytokines production by enzyme linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA) determined. NO production was increased by about 1.5-folds at the dose of
compared to control and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation when TF, TR and EGCG were applied to a RAW264.7 cell. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Tumor necrosis factor (
) and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) increased depended on concentrations of TF, TR and EGCG. The production of tumor necrosis
increased highly in TR, TF and EGCG group with LPS. These results suggest that TF, TR and EGCG have immune-enhancement effect through the cytokine production. TF, TR and EGCG inhibited cancer cell viability, the anticancer effect of these polyphenols may explain the anti-tumor promotion action and antioxidant activity of these tea constituents.
A Protein Kinase-A Inhibitor, KT5720, Suppressed Cytopathic Effect Caused by Vesicular Stomatitis Virus
Kim, Young-Sook ;
Journal of Life Science, volume 17, issue 10, 2007, Pages 1361~1367
DOI : 10.5352/JLS.2007.17.10.1361
I investigated the effect of KT5720, an inhibitor of protein kinase A, on the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) infection in BHK-21cell cultures. The virus inducted cytopathic effect (CPE) was almost completely suppressed by KT5720 at 5uM. The inhibitor, however, did not affect replication of the virus nor the synthesis of viral macromolecules. KT5720, did not block the cytoskeletal disruption, while the cell rounding was suppressed. And, the KT5720-sensitive function may be involved in developing the VSV-induced CPE, but not essential for the virus replications.
Antimutagenicity and Anticancer Activity of Soybean Fractions Extracted by Solvents
Lim, Sun-Young ;
Journal of Life Science, volume 17, issue 10, 2007, Pages 1368~1373
DOI : 10.5352/JLS.2007.17.10.1368
Inhibitory effects of several solvent fractions from soybean on mutagenicity using Salmonella typhimurium TA 100 in Ames test and growth of human cancer cells (AGS gastric adenocarcinoma, Hep 3B hepatocellular cancinoma and HT-29 colon cancer cells) were studied. The treatment of dichloromethane and ethylacetate fractions (2.5 mg/assay) extracted from soybean to Ames test system inhibited aflatoxin
induced mutagenicity by 83%, respectively, and showed a higher antimutagenic effect than other solvent fractions. In case of N-methyl-N#-nitro-N-nitrosoguamidine (MNNG) induced mutagenicity, the ethylacetate fraction showed the highest inhibitory effect (by 67%) among solvent extracts, although the inhibitory effect was not stronger compared with
induced mutagenicity. In sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay, the treatment of ethylacetate fraction (2 mg/assay) significantly inhibited the growth of AGS, Hep 3B and HT-29 cancer cells by 66%, 73% and 77%, respectively, followed with the intermediate and dichloromethane fractions. These results indicated that soybean fraction extracted with ethylacetate had higher inhibitory effects on
and MNNG in Ames test and growth inhibition activity to human cancer cells was appeared, suggesting that soybean fraction extracted with ethylacetate may contain the biologically active compounds.
Detection and Distribution of Bacterial Pathogens in Raw Water and During Water Treatment Process by Polymerase Chain Reaction
Park, Hong-Ki ; Jung, Eun-Young ; Jung, Jong-Moon ; Yu, Pyung-Jong ;
Journal of Life Science, volume 17, issue 10, 2007, Pages 1374~1380
DOI : 10.5352/JLS.2007.17.10.1374
The development of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology has the potential to solve for isolating pathogenic microorganisms from environmental samples than traditional plate counting methods. We have been detected pathogenic bacteria from raw water and water treatment process in Busan metropolitan city by PCR method. According to the result of survey from July 2004 to October 2005, 80 out of 92(87.0%) were positive for bacterial pathogens in raw water samples and positive rate of Shigella spp., Yersinia spp., Salmonella spp. and Legionella spp. were 46.2%, 40.7%, 17.6% and 9.9%, respectively. Pathogenic bacteria in raw water was mainly distributed through the lately Autumn to the winter and more highly detected Maeri than Mulgum region. During the period of survey in water treatment process, Shigella spp. was highly detected but all of bacterial pathogens were entirely removed after in post-ozonation step. These suggest that waters supplied in Busan metropolitan city may be safe against the pathogenic bacteria.
Changes in Physiological Activities of Scutellariae baicalensis by Heating
Choi, Myeong-Rak ; Lee, Jin-Seung ; Lim, Hyun-Soo ;
Journal of Life Science, volume 17, issue 10, 2007, Pages 1381~1386
DOI : 10.5352/JLS.2007.17.10.1381
To elucidate the changes in physiological activities of Scutellariae baicalensis by heating, composition analysis with HPLC and evaluation of physiological activities of extracts were conducted. HPLC analysis of CW(water extract at room temperature) and CHW(heat treated CW) indicated that two distinctive peaks in the HPLC chromatogram were disappeared after boiling and additional peak was newly observed. This observation suggested that certain chemical changed in the extract occurred by heat treatment. In the estimation of physiological activities, CW showed higher ACE inhibiting activity than CHW. In the case of cytotoxic activity against cancer cells, CW exhibited higher activity than CHW against CCL-185. On the other hand, CHW showed higher activity than CW against HeLa, SNU-601 and HepG2. In addition, CHW showed the inhibitory effect on melanogenesis (80% inhibition) while CW did not show any activity.
Effects of Hambag Mushroom (Grifola frondosa)-Powder on Hyperglycemia and Hyperlipemia in STZ and High Fat Diet-induced Diabetic Rats
Lee, Soon-Lee ; Park, Yeong-Chul ; Kim, Jong-Bong ;
Journal of Life Science, volume 17, issue 10, 2007, Pages 1387~1393
DOI : 10.5352/JLS.2007.17.10.1387
Hambag mushroom is edible mushroom, and one of new strains in Grifola frondosa. It was developed from Korean wild Grifola frondosa by National Institute Science & Technology. In this study, we investigated the effects of the powder extracted from fruit-body of hambag mushroom on hyperglycemia, hyperlipemia and pancreatic cells in rats with streptozotocin (STZ) and high fat diet-induced diabetes. The diabetic rats were fed with hambag mushroom-powder (1 and 2% of diet weight) for 6 weeks. And then the levels of blood glucose and lipid and the pancreatic tissue were analyzed and compared. The diabetic rats fed with hambag mushroom-powder lost less body weight than those fed with the powder-free normal diet. flood glucose levels in the diabetic rats fed with hambag mushroom-powder at all concentrations was lower by 50% than in the diabetic rats fed with normal diet. The levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol in the diabetic rats fed with hambag mushroom-powder were increased compared to those in the diabetic rats fed with normal diet. There were the blood levels of cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol by hambag mushroom-powder concentrations in a dose-dependent response. The decreased damage of pancreatic tissue in the group treated with hambag mushroom-powder could be suggested possibly as one of mechanisms for the effects of hambag mushroom-powder on hyperglycemia and hyperlipemia.
Studies on Saprogenic Bacteria Isolated from Korean Red Ginseng Extrart Product
Kim, Young-Man ; Yoon, Choong-Eui ; Kim, Kyoung-Hee ; Lee, Eun-Woo ;
Journal of Life Science, volume 17, issue 10, 2007, Pages 1394~1399
DOI : 10.5352/JLS.2007.17.10.1394
Five kinds of saprogenic bacteria were isolated from the red ginseng extract product and identified as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus sp., Paenibacillus sp., Micrococcus sp., and Pseudomonas sp. by 16S rDNA analysis. Some of the isolated strains were able to grow even at
which are presumed originated from the raw ingredient of red ginseng extract. All of the isolated strains did not show the hemolytic activity, the diarrhea-inducing activity, and the vascular permeability enhancing activity, indicating that these strains are not pathogenic.
Effect of Supplementation with Docosahexaenoic Acid from Gestation to Adulthood on Spatial Learning Performance in Rat
Lim, Sun-Young ;
Journal of Life Science, volume 17, issue 10, 2007, Pages 1400~1405
DOI : 10.5352/JLS.2007.17.10.1400
The effect of supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid into n-3 fatty acid deficient diet on improvement of loaming related brain function was investigated. On the second day after conception, Sprague Dawley strain dams were subjected to a diet containing either n-3 fatty acid deficient (Def) or n-3 fatty acid deficient + docosahexaenoic acid (Def+DHA). After weaning, male pups were fed on the same diet of their respective dams until adulthood. Motor activity and Morris water maze tests were measured at 10 weeks old. In motor activity test, there were no statistically significant differences in moving time and moving distance between the Def and Def+DHA diet groups. The n-3 fatty acid deficient with DHA (Def+DHA) group exhibited a shorter escape latency, swimming time and swimming distance (P<0.05) compared to the n-3 fatty acid deficient group (Def) but there was no difference in resting time and swimming speed between the experimental diet groups. In memory retention trial, the number of crossing of the platform position (region A) was significantly greater than those of other regions for the Def+DHA group. However, the Def group swam randomly without preference for the provisions platform location, indicating poorer memory retention. From those results, supplementation with DHA into the n-3 fatty acid deficient diet improved the spatial loaming ability in rats as assessed by Morris water maze test.
Effect of Pimpinella Brachycarpa Ethanol Extract on Chronically Ethanol-Induced Liver Damage in Rats
Choo, Myung-Hee ; Lee, Jae-Joon ; Lee, Myung-Yul ;
Journal of Life Science, volume 17, issue 10, 2007, Pages 1406~1413
DOI : 10.5352/JLS.2007.17.10.1406
This study was performed to investigate the effect of ethanol extract of Pimpinella brachycarpa(PBE) on chronically ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity in rat liver. Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 90-130 g were divided into 5 groups; normal group(NOR), ethanol(35%, 10 ml/kg) treated group(CON), PBE 200 mg/kg treated group(P1), PBE 200 mg/kg and ethanol treated group(P2), and PBE 400 mg/kg and ethanol treated group(P3). PBE was also fractionated by the following solvent: n-hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate and n-butanol. The antioxidative capacity of the n-hexane fraction was the highest among fractions and was similar to that of butylated hydroxytoluene(BHT). The body weight gain and feed intake of the rats were decreased by ethanol administration, but were gradually increased to the similar levels of the NOR group by administering PBE. The AST activity in serum elevated by ethanol was significantly decreased by administering the high dosage of PBE, but exerted no significant change on serum ALT activity. It was also observed that the hepatic activities of xanthine oxide(XO), catalase and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) increased by ethanol were markedly decreased in the combined ethanol and PBE administered groups(P2 and P3), but not in the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) as compared with the CON group. The glutathione(GSH) contents were decreased by ethanol adminstration, however, increased after administering PBE. These results suggest that ethanol extract of Pimpinella brachycarpa has a possible positive effect on the liver function in hepatotoxicity-induced rats by ethanol administration.
Accumulated Concentration of Lead in Plant Organ of Arabidopsis thaliana Exposed to Lead
Park, Jong-Bum ;
Journal of Life Science, volume 17, issue 10, 2007, Pages 1414~1418
DOI : 10.5352/JLS.2007.17.10.1414
This study was to examine the accumulated concentration of lead in the organ of Arabidopsis thaliana grown in the soil added three different concentrations of lead. The accumulated concentrations of lead in the stem of plant grown in the soil added official standard concentration of lead of pollutant exhaust notified by the Ministry of Environment (1 mg/l), concentration ten times higher than the official standard concentration (10 mg/l) and concentration fifty times higher (50 mg/l) were similar to the rate of increase between three different concentrations, and increased average 24% compared with normal plant stem. The accumulated concentrations of lead in the leaf of plant grown in the soil added three different concentrations of lead were increased average 57% compared with normal plant leaf. And accumulated concentrations of lead in the leaf was no significant difference according to increase of lead concentration added in the soil as stem, the rate of increase was similar to between three different concentrations. The accumulated concentrations of lead in the root of plant grown in the soil added official standard concentration of lead of pollutant exhaust and concentration ten times higher were increased average 114% compared with normal plant root, but increased about 861% in the concentration fifty times higher than the official standard concentration. This result contrast with the data of stem and leaf. The accumulated concentration of lead in the plant body of Arabidopsis thaliana was increased according to increase of lead concentration added in the soil. Especially, the accumulated concentration of lead in the plant body grown in the concentration fifty times higher than the official standard concentration was increased about 2.6 times than normal plant. These results show that lead contaminated within the soil was more accumulated in the root than the stem or leaf, and accumulated concentrations of lead in the stem and leaf were not increased in proportion to the concentration of lead in the soil, but very increased in proportion to the concentration in the root.
The Effect of 12 Weeks Combind Exercise on C-reactive protein, Adiponectin and Insulin Resistance in Obese Middle School Girls
Jeon, Jae-Young ; Kwak, Yi-Sub ;
Journal of Life Science, volume 17, issue 10, 2007, Pages 1419~1425
DOI : 10.5352/JLS.2007.17.10.1419
The purpose of the present investigation was to determine the effect of combine exercise on C-reactive protein(CRP) and adiponectin, and to asses whether combine exercise-induced changes in insulin resistance could be explained in part by changes in these in these inflammation markers. Twenty two participants (BMI >95 percentile for age and sex) were allocated exercise group(n
Analysis of Antibiotic Resistant Patterns in Conjugant and Transformant of Three ESBL gene Harboring Klebsiella pneumoniae
Kim, Yun-Tae ;
Journal of Life Science, volume 17, issue 10, 2007, Pages 1426~1433
DOI : 10.5352/JLS.2007.17.10.1426
To investigate the antibiotic resistant patterns of the bacteria producing ESBL, we isolated one organism of Klebsiella pneumoniae from a clinical laboratory in Busan. The organism that produces ESBL gene was detected by double disk synergy test and the presence of three ESBL genes (TEM-1, SHV-12, CTX-M-15) was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing analysis. To analyse the characteristics of three ESBL genes, we performed transconjugation, transformation and cloning experiment with the organism. The MIC of Klebsiella pneumoniae was revealed that ceftazidime, cefotaxime and ceftriaxone were
respectively. The MIC of conjugant (E. coli
) af was revealed that ceftazidime, cefotaxime and ceftriaxone were
respectively. The MIC of transformant (E. cofi
) was revealed that ceftazidime, cefotaxime and ceftriaxone were
respectively, The MIC of cloned organism of SHV-12 gene (E. coli
) was revealed that ceftazidime, cefotaxime and ceftriaxone were
respectively. The results indicated that MIC of conjugant was higher than MIC of transformant and also SHV-12 gene were not resistant against cefotaxime antibiotic.
Effect of Culture Broth from Mushroom Mycelium on Growth and Non-specific Immune Parameters in Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) by Oral Administration
Kim, Man-Chul ; Kim, Min-Joo ; Kim, Ju-Sang ; Heo, Moon-Soo ;
Journal of Life Science, volume 17, issue 10, 2007, Pages 1434~1440
DOI : 10.5352/JLS.2007.17.10.1434
We have investigated the effects of mushroom mycelium (Phellinus linteus, Coriolus versicolor) mixed cultural extract on the immune responses of olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. The mixed culture extracts were evaluated for the growth, hematology, lysozyme activity, leukocyte phagocytic activity, and disease resistance against Vibrio anguillarum. In the effect of the growth, the body weight and length gain in the group, which fed with mushroom mycelium mixed cultural extract, were 52 g and 3.4 cm higher than that in the control, respectively. For the hematology, the administration of mushroom mycelium mixed cultural extract resulted in increase of glucose. However, there was no distinct differences in GOT (glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase), GPT (glutamlc pyruvic transamlnase), TG, TP, and LDH (lactate dehydronase) among each group. The activities of lysozyme were 80% higher in the experimental groups than in the control. The activities of leucocyte were 66% higher in the experimental groups than in the control. Although lysozyme activity and leucocyte activity showed somewhat decrease after 12 weeks, these activities were still higher than in the control. The cumulative mortality (%) after an artificial challenge with
of Vibrio anguillarum per fish was 25% higher in the experimental groups than the control.
Establishment of Genetic Characteristics and Individual Identification System Using Microsatellite Loci in Jeju Native Horse
Cho, Byung-Wook ; Jung, Ji-Hye ; Kim, Sang-Wook ; Kim, Heui-Soo ; Lee, Hak-Kyo ; Cho, Gil-Jae ; Song, Ki-Duk ;
Journal of Life Science, volume 17, issue 10, 2007, Pages 1441~1446
DOI : 10.5352/JLS.2007.17.10.1441
This study was conducted to establish the individual identification system and to estimate the genetic characteristic of Jeju native horse (JNH) using 13 microsatellite markers located on different horse autosomes. The markers were genotyped on 191 animals from five horse breeds including Jeju native horse (JNH). In total, 138 alleles were detected from the genotypes of 13 microsatellite markers. The average heterozygosities ranged from 0.317 to 0.902 and the polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.498 to 0.799 in JNH. We found that there were significant differences in allele frequencies in JNH when compared with other horse breeds. In ATH4 marker, there were specific allele frequence pattern that some of allele only found in JNH, Mongolian horse (MONG) and Jeju racing horse (JRH). The calculated cumulative power of discrimination (CPD) was 99.9% when nine microsatellite loci were used for analysis in the individual identification system. Also, the matching probability that two unrelated animals would show the same genotypes, was estimated to be
. Therefore, in the nine markers used in this study can be used for individual identification in the Jeju native horse population.
Apoptotic Cell Death by Pectenotoxin-2 in p53-Deficient Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells
Shin, Dong-Yeok ; Kim, Gi-Young ; Choi, Byung-Tae ; Kang, Ho-Sung ; Jung, Jee-H. ; Choi, Yung-Hyun ;
Journal of Life Science, volume 17, issue 10, 2007, Pages 1447~1451
DOI : 10.5352/JLS.2007.17.10.1447
Through the screening of marine natural compounds that inhibit cancer cell proliferation, we previously reported that pectenotoxin-2 (PTX-2) isolated from marine sponges exhibits selective cytotoxicity against several cell lines in p53-deficient tumor cells compared to those with functional p53. However, the molecular mechanisms of its anti-proliferative action on malignant cell growth are not completely known. To further explore the mechanisms of its anti-cancer activity and to test whether the status of p53 in liver cancer cells correlates with their chemo-sensitivities to PTX-2, we used two well-known hepatocarcinoma cell lines, p53-deficient Hep3B and p53-wild type HepG2. We have demonstrated that PTX-2 markedly inhibits Hep3B cell growth and induces apoptosis whereas HepG2 cells are much more resistant to PTX-2 suggesting that PTX-2 seems to act by p53-independent cytotoxic mechanism. The apoptosis induced by PTX-2 in Hep3B cells was associated with the modulation of DNA fragmentation factor (DFF) family proteins, up-regulation of pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members such as Bax and Bcl-xS and activation of caspases (caspase-3, -8 and -9). Blockade of the caspase-3 activity by caspase-3 inhibitor, z-DEVD-fmk, prevented the PTX-2-induced growth inhibition in Hep3B cells. Moreover, treatment with PTX-2 also induced phosphorylation of AKT and extracellular-signal regulating kinase (ERK), but not c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MARK). Specific inhibitors of PI3K inhibitor (LY294002) and ERK1/2 inhibitor (PD98059) significantly blocks PTX-2-induced-anti-proliferative effects, whereas a JNK inhibitor (SP600125) and a p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) have no significant effects demonstrating that the pro-apoptotic effect of PTX-2 mediated through activation of AKT and ERK signal pathway in Hep3B cells. | <urn:uuid:a5abbe94-0783-4298-bbd8-f7896c7a426b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.koreascience.or.kr/journal/JournalIssueList.jsp?kojic=SMGHBM&volno=17&issno=10&cnov_no=&year_GB=2007 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279410.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00173-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.921751 | 8,038 | 1.625 | 2 |
On 11 June 2019 common European rules on drones, Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/945 & Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/947, have been published to ensure drone operations across Europe are safe and secure. The rules will amongst others help to protect the safety and the privacy of EU citizens while enabling the free circulation of drones and a level playing field within the European Union.
“Europe will be the first region in the world to have a comprehensive set of rules ensuring safe, secure and sustainable operations of drones both, for commercial and leisure activities. Common rules will help foster investment, innovation and growth in this promising sector” said Patrick Ky, Executive Director of EASA.
The new rules include technical as well as operational requirements for drones. On one hand they define the capabilities a drone must have to be flown safely. For instance, new drones will have to be individually identifiable, allowing the authorities to trace a particular drone if necessary. This will help to better prevent events similar to the ones which happened in 2018 at Gatwick and Heathrow airports. On the other hand the rules cover each operation type, from those not requiring prior authorisation, to those involving certified aircraft and operators, as well as minimum remote pilot training requirements. The new rules will replace existing national rules in EU Member States.
While the EU regulation will enter into force in the next 20 days, it will be applicable only in one year, to give Member States and operators time to prepare and implement it. As of June 2020 operators of drones will need to register in the Member State where they have their residence or their main place of business.
The applicability will be gradual according to a timeline that can be consulted on the EASA drone page. | <urn:uuid:17ab4d03-2b4f-46a5-a50d-7c5c8acbe448> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.easa.europa.eu/newsroom-and-events/news/eu-wide-rules-drones-published?fbclid=IwAR2G5zIJRujzdT3vVkxjD-54zgxuM8zLwWr6Tj5huo9gUqj7MLuKueKI0iU | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570868.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808152744-20220808182744-00073.warc.gz | en | 0.944732 | 357 | 1.726563 | 2 |
Recovery community for troubled youth
The San Patrignano recovery community is a home for youth who have lost their way, it is a family that helps them find a life made up of self-esteem, dignity, responsibility and enthusiasm.
Since 1978 it is and continues to be unique and the best at European level, that focuses on their residents on learning a trade that can be applied and assisted from external support through online donations.
The program in the drug rehabilitation community takes an average of 3 to 4 years in which residents will find their way through a path of selfless love. Help and support SanPa through charitable non-profit organizational projects. There are many ways to donate online, an act of love which helps the growth of each individual.
San Patrignano community is alive, with the help and support of those who have already had similar life experiences, who understand the difficulties, hardships and exclusions. Reconstructing the identity of people by strengthening the values: honesty, commitment, respect for themselves and for others, solidarity and interpersonal skills.
The community of recovery from drug dependency is also a commitment to a better society through various prevention projects: specific activities in schools, international events, battling with addictions. With your help, Charity Foundations, is a precious gift to the residents.
San Patrignano has become, over the years a center of excellence in the organization of events, training and corporate communications. Companies that believe in social responsibility, can choose from one of the quality services offered by the community.
San Patrignano is also Yours. Discover it, Live it, uphold it.
Support us because SanPa is…
The residents in the program, their families and the State are not requested to give any contribution. The State saves 30 million euros per year.
Academic research shows that 72% of whom complete the recovery program at SanPa do not fall back to the use of drugs.
Every year the community meets thousands of students and deal with awareness on the subject of dependency.
Each resident follows a course of vocational training with 50 workshops aimed at reintegrating them back into society. | <urn:uuid:8dae4dd1-b45f-4643-b2f0-9be3d03d6b72> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.sanpatrignano.com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281424.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00330-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.952426 | 437 | 1.515625 | 2 |
¹ Two major assumptions underlie that bold assertion. First, it assumes one accepts the Thomas tradition as to the origins of Christianity in South Asia. It is widely accepted in India that the Apostle Thomas came to India in 52 ce, and preached and established Churches during the first century.
Who brought Christianity in India?
The Saint Thomas Christians have also been nicknamed such due to their reverence for Saint Thomas the Apostle, who is said to have brought Christianity to India. The name dates back to the period of Portuguese colonisation. They are also known, especially locally, as Nasrani or Nasrani Mappila.
When did Christianity originate in India?
There is a general scholarly consensus that Christian communities were firmly established in the Malabar Coast (Kerala) of India by the 6th century AD, which were communities who used Syriac liturgies.
Which is the oldest church in India?
It is The first church in India , and St Thomas performed The First baptism in India here, therefore this church is called an Apostolic Church credited to the apostolate of St.
St. Thomas Syro-Malabar Church, Palayoor.
|Palayoor Mar Thoma Major Archiepiscopal Church|
|Materials||Lime and Mortar|
Did Jesus went to India?
He spent six years in Puri and Rajgirh, near Nalanda, the ancient seat of Hindu learning. Then he went to the Himalayas, and spent time in Tibetan monasteries, studying Buddhism, and through Persia, returned to Jerusalem at the age of 29.
Is Christianity legal in India?
Freedom of religion in India is a fundamental right guaranteed by Article 25-28 of the Constitution of India. Modern India came into existence in 1947 and the Indian constitution’s preamble was amended in 1976 to state that India is a secular state.
Who controls Churches in India?
The National Council of Churches in India is an ecumenical forum for Protestant and Orthodox churches in India.
National Council of Churches in India.
|Secretary General||Rev. Asir Ebenezer, CSI|
|President||The Most Rev. P.C. Singh, Church of North India|
Which religion came first in the world?
Hinduism is the world’s oldest religion, according to many scholars, with roots and customs dating back more than 4,000 years. Today, with about 900 million followers, Hinduism is the third-largest religion behind Christianity and Islam.
Who brought Islam in India?
Islam reached India in the very early period and it is believed that one of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)’s companions Malik bin Deenar came to India’s western coast in 7th century and a mosque was built there in 629 EC which still exists.
Who founded Christianity?
Christianity originated with the ministry of Jesus, a Jewish teacher and healer who proclaimed the imminent kingdom of God and was crucified c. AD 30–33 in Jerusalem in the Roman province of Judea.
What is the oldest church on earth?
According to the Catholic Encyclopedia the Cenacle (the site of the Last Supper) in Jerusalem was the “first Christian church.” The Dura-Europos church in Syria is the oldest surviving church building in the world, while the archaeological remains of both the Aqaba Church and the Megiddo church have been considered to …
What was the first church in history?
Tradition holds that the first Gentile church was founded in Antioch, Acts 11:20–21, where it is recorded that the disciples of Jesus Christ were first called Christians (Acts 11:26). It was from Antioch that St.
Is Christianity the oldest community?
Jerusalem was the first center of the church, according to the Book of Acts, and according to the Catholic Encyclopedia, the location of “the first Christian church”. The apostles lived and taught there for some time after Pentecost.
What date is Jesus birthday?
By the fourth century, however, we find references to two dates that were widely recognized — and now also celebrated — as Jesus’ birthday: December 25 in the western Roman Empire and January 6 in the East (especially in Egypt and Asia Minor).
Did Jesus die in India?
The gravestones of Yuz Asaf – the Kashmiri Christ? Jesus Christ did not die on the cross, nor did he ascend to Heaven. Instead he went over to Kashmir, lived there for some time, died a natural death and is buried in Rauza Bal, Khanyar, a densely populated area in the interior of the city of Srinagar.
Is India mentioned in Bible?
India is mentioned in Esther 1:1 and 8:9 as the eastern boundary of the Persian Empire under Ahasuerus (c. fifth century B.C.) and in 1 Maccabees 6:37 in a reference to the Indian mahouts of Antiochus’s war elephants (second century B.C.). Otherwise there are no explicit references to India in the Old Testament. | <urn:uuid:9fed81a3-689b-4916-8cf8-f8dd5b02b82e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://religionandcivilsociety.com/bible/when-did-christianity-came-to-india.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.960086 | 1,103 | 3.359375 | 3 |
Amer Latif, of CSIS, recommends that US and Indian forces share bases in Diego Garcia and the Andamans
By Ajai Shukla
Business Standard, 22nd Nov 12
A respected Washington-based think tank released a report on Tuesday, entitled “US-India Military Engagement,” which reflects the American strategic community’s growing --- if incredulous --- realization that New Delhi is not as enthusiastic as Washington about a high profile military partnership between the two countries.
The Center for Strategic & International Studies (CSIS) report, authored by the Pentagon’s former South Asia director, Sahibzada Amer Latif, describes the period from 2004 to 2008 as “a heady time for bilateral security and strategic cooperation.” But the “stymieing of deeper military contact” since 2008 has been ascribed to: India’s policy of strategic autonomy; the Indian defence ministry’s (MoD’s) inability to discuss policy and strategy; and the Indian military’s “capacity challenges.”
According to the report “the Indian civilian bureaucracy has been the main obstacle to deeper military engagement despite the Indian military’s desire for greater bilateral cooperation.”
The US strategic community has earlier contrasted India’s “professional” and “highly capable” military, with its relatively slow-moving and cautious bureaucracy. But this report sharply questions the military’s capabilities. It notes that “the Indian military is facing capacity challenges through a combination of arms modernization, serious personnel and discipline matters, and complex national security challenges that will tax the capacity of the Indian armed forces to engage the United States.”
“India, as a strategically developing country, has yet to develop a comprehensive and long-term concept of how and when to employ its military beyond its immediate neighborhood or on missions other than peacekeeping,” the report says.
The report recommends that “the United States needs to maintain reasonable expectations of India as a potential security partner over the near term to midterm, given its reluctance to partner too closely with the United States, which is rooted in a combination of [India’s] foreign policy orientation and capacity limitations.”
Mirroring Washington’s disappointment at Indian reluctance to play a more visible security role in the Asia Pacific, the CSIS report states: “Aside from Washington, the rest of Asia is also waiting for India to wade into the complex security scenarios that confront the Asia-Pacific region… Many Asian countries feel there has been episodic engagement and little demonstration of New Delhi’s intent to exercise more decisive leadership in the region.”
This would be a reality check for US Defence Secretary, Leon Panetta, who described India during his visit in May as a “linchpin” of America’s pivot to Asia. The report quotes Panetta, who said: “Defense cooperation with India is a linchpin in this strategy (of rebalance to Asia). India is one of the largest and most dynamic countries in the region and the world, with one of the most capable militaries.”
The CSIS report, unlike several earlier American reports, highlights the concerns that impose caution on New Delhi in engaging Washington. Amongst these are: Indian concern at the US-Pakistan relationship; domestic politics and the opposition of the Left; India’s impression of US unreliability stemming from “a past history of sanctions”, and the still unknown ways in which “the growing influence of state-based parties” will affect India’s national policies.
Given these constraints, the report recommends formulating a realistic long-term vision; dialogues about issues like Afghanistan and China’s military power; and multilateral cooperation with Asia-Pacific powers like Japan, Australia, Singapore, Indonesia and South Korea. It advocates joint patrolling of the Indian Ocean with the navies like those of Sri Lanka, Maldives and Bangladesh. And, perhaps, most controversially, it recommends that the US and India share Indian Ocean bases like the Andaman & Nicobar Islands and Diego Garcia. | <urn:uuid:2817d5fc-e041-465f-a207-cb6c971c7151> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://ajaishukla.blogspot.com/2012/11/indian-bureaucracy-obstacle-to-defence.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280266.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00501-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.92928 | 863 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Families who choose the right neighborhoods have been shown to save real money
The neighborhood you live in can have a huge effect on your ability to spend or save, do the kind of things you really want to, and navigate the ongoing economic crisis. The chart below, from a new report by The House Democratic Livable Communities Task Force (via Grist) shows the real financial consequences for American families that stem from living in three different kinds of neighborhoods.
The average American family spends roughly a third of its income on housing and another 19 percent on transportation, leaving just a little less than half for everything else. Families living in especially sprawling, auto-dependent suburbs devote six percent more of their income to transportation. But families living in "mobility-option" neighborhoods--those with transit options and walkability--can reduce their transportation costs to just 9-16 percent less than families in auto-dependent neighborhoods and 10 percent less the typical American family.
The study highlights the role that neighborhood choice can play in changing a family's financial picture:
In the long term, individuals can reduce their transportation costs by choosing residential locations with flexible transportation choices, including transit and services within walking distance. Families that live near work places, schools, churches, grocery stores, and other services, will be more apt to make their outings on foot or in combined short car trips. Households located within transit accessible neighborhoods take fewer vehicle trips overall--about 25% fewer according to the National Personal Transportation Survey. ...households in the core of Washington DC spent 30% of household income on combined housing and transportation whereas those in the car dependent suburbs spent over 40%.
At its press conference last Thursday, Task Force Chair Rep. Earl Blumenauer (D-Ore.) noted that far too many Americans have too few options:
Unfortunately, about half of the American population doesn't have an environment that they live in that provides those choices. Too much of America is dependent on a pattern that imagines that we will always have an unlimited supply of inexpensive gasoline, and government policies in housing, in road transportation, reinforce that.
These findings mirror those of a 2005 study by Statistics Canada, which tracked the spending patterns of Canadian families across nearly two decades, 1982 to 2001, before the onset of the crisis (and before the housing bubble burst). One key difference between spenders and savers, the study noted, was car expenses. By 2001, spenders were devoting a staggering 54 percent more of their incomes for car expenses than savers were--which was often enough to push them into the red. They dished out more for housing as well. The days of gas guzzlers and endless commutes to McMansions are over for most families who desire a more financially secure and meaningful future.
Car costs were a key factor in pushing homeowners into foreclosure according to a 2010 NRDC study. The study, which tracked 40,000 mortgages in Chicago, Jacksonville and San Francisco, found that the probability of foreclosure rose alongside the number vehicles owned per household in a neighborhood, even after controlling for income and mortgage characteristics such as debt-to-income ratio, credit score, loan-to-value ratio, fixed or variable rate loan and others. According to the study, living in "location-efficient" neighborhoods -- that are denser and more compact; have shorter travel distances, concentrated cores and mixed use development; provide access to transit and make it easier to get around on foot or by bike, while reducing vehicle ownership -- makes it much less likely that families will face foreclosure.
There remain some pundits and politicians who continue to believe that we need to get housing back to its former levels. But that won't work this time. The old Fordist housing-auto-energy economic model which helped bring on the crisis in the first place has reached its sell-by date. Our continued commitment to (and massive subsidizing of) it will only further erode the financial situation of middle-class and working families and hold back the recovery.
It's becoming increasingly apparent that the typical tools of monetary and fiscal policy are proving insufficient to sustain the recovery. Our future prosperity requires that we to begin to shift precious resources from houses, cars and energy toward investments in new skills, technologies, and industries that can generate higher paying jobs and improve overall living standards. And that in turn requires a new geography built around denser (more innovative and productive), more walkable, transit-oriented (more efficient) communities.
If American families and policy-makers don't see being green or sustainable as reason enough to change the way we live, perhaps seeing the very tangible financial rewards that accrue to those who do will help them change their minds. As the poet wrote, "You must change your life." The numbers speak for themselves. | <urn:uuid:ba6558e0-8a11-47eb-a9bd-051f18f8a0c8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2011/06/the-financial-benefits-of-living-in-transit-friendly-walkable-areas/240075/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283689.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00348-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.965175 | 970 | 2.34375 | 2 |
"Two are better than one because they have a good return for their work: If one falls down, his friend can help him up.” --Ecclesiastes 4:9–10 (NIV)
Childhood is the most important years of our lives. It is the foundation upon which all of our life is built. During these years a child begins to form concepts and feelings about God, the world, and themselves.
In childhood ministry, it is easy to get sidetracked from the goal or goals we are aiming for in the life of a child. The goals of salvation, discipleship, and ministry can be lost in the day-to-day functions of teaching and caring.
There are four assumptions that are ministry tools for us and churches in guiding boys and girls to grow spiritually:
- The Bible is our textbook
- The Child is the learner
- The Teacher is a guide
- The Parents are primary teachers
BCM/D Children’s Ministries is committed to helping children and their families have quality Bible learning and Christian living experiences and our programs and events will help children grow deeper in their spiritual understandings.
Children’s Ministries are available in the following areas:
- Bible Knowledge
- Character Development
- Recreation Ministry
- Security Issues | <urn:uuid:6583152f-29bf-4511-8761-0f039fd78742> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://bcmd.org/preschool-children | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281226.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00381-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.963439 | 269 | 2.203125 | 2 |
“NEU members have called for urgent action to expose and address the crisis in early years funding.
“Nursery schools provide a huge boost to the life prospects of some of the most disadvantaged children, but we are simply throwing them away. Funding levels have not kept pace with costs and as a consequence many have been forced to close.
“Early years education, run by teachers and properly funded, is an essential building block in our youngest children’s development. It is the quality of childcare that makes the difference in reducing the gap between disadvantaged children and their peers before they start school. Childcare costs in other countries, though comparable with the UK, are often met by far greater state subsidies. This significantly reduces the amount that parents have to pay and affects the type of childcare to which they have access.
“The Government’s funding of nursery education for the youngest children lacks vision and is leaving many children without access to the essential support and services their families may need. Government pledges to make early years central to tackling inequality and enhancing social mobility, are meaningless without the funding to support this aim.”
Note to editors:
We are currently in Liverpool for our Annual Conference (15-18 April), during which time you will receive a higher number of press releases than usual.
The Conference Press Office can be reached on 0151 707 4642 (9am-6pm) and 07879 480 061 (24hrs). The press officer can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.org
Our conference agenda is available here: https://neu.org.uk/media/3861/view
The hashtag for Annual Conference is #NEU19 .
- The National Education Union stands up for the future of education. It brings together the voices of more than 450,000 teachers, lecturers, support staff and leaders working in maintained and independent schools and colleges across the UK, to form the largest education union in Europe.
- It is an independent, registered trade union and professional association, representing its members in England, Wales, Northern Ireland, Scotland, the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands.
- The National Education Union is affiliated to the Trades Union Congress (TUC), European Trade Union Committee for Education (ETUCE) and Education International (EI). It is not affiliated to any political party and seeks to work constructively with all the main political parties. | <urn:uuid:e44059ee-0230-4ed5-a056-bfb805cebefa> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://neu.org.uk/press-releases/funding-nursery-schools | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00476.warc.gz | en | 0.960824 | 512 | 1.640625 | 2 |
Thursday, January 05, 2012
Today I learned about HATNet for the first time, a group of small Hungarian-funded telescopes that work in tandem to do such things as discover exoplanets as today's announcement of four new ones explains. The capability of such small telescopes to accomplish such a job is just as exciting as the discovery itself, since if a mid-sized European country like Hungary (actually just a small group of Hungarian astronomers, even better) can do this then many others can.
This will become more and more important this year as we discover Earth-like planets in the habitable zones of stars like our own that are hopefully not too far from us.
I'm a bit late to learning about HATNet since it appears it has already discovered a full 29 planets. | <urn:uuid:01d02c0b-d9ac-4898-b495-ea4897599651> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.pagef30.com/2012/01/nice-work-hatnet.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279410.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00163-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.972207 | 160 | 2.453125 | 2 |
It's a Mitzvah!
Step-By-Step to Jewish Living
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It's a Mitzvah! by Rabbi Bradley Shavit Artson
Book DescriptionA guide to Jewish living, this book is being called the Jewish Catalog of the 1990s. From lighting Shabbat candles to spending a night in a homeless shelter, this book identifies hundreds of ways to transform daily living into Jewish living.
Buy It's a Mitzvah! book by Rabbi Bradley Shavit Artson from Australia's Online Bookstore, Boomerang Books.
Book DetailsISBN: 9780874415858
Paperback / softback
(280mm x 217mm x 14mm)
Imprint: Behrman House Publishing
Publisher: Behrman House Publishing
Publish Date: 1-Jun-1995
Country of Publication: United States
Books By Author Rabbi Bradley Shavit Artson
God of Becoming and Relationship, Paperback / softback (July 2016)
This accessible examination of Process Thought from a Jewish perspective applies key Process insights to major aspects of Judaism to show how this powerful theological tool can unlock the true impact and resonance of Jewish sources and wisdom.
Renewing the Process of Creation, Paperback / softback (November 2015)
This daring blend of Jewish theology, science and Process Thought fleshes out an appreciation of creation in light of science that allows us to articulate a deeper sense of space and time and the wonders of being alive. It explores the ethical implications of humanity's role as partner in creation and the concept of land Earth and Israel as holy."
Jewish Men Pray, Paperback / softback (April 2013)» View all books by Rabbi Bradley Shavit Artson
A celebration of Jewish men's voices in prayer to strengthen, to heal, to comfort, to inspire from the ancient world up to our own day."
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For every $20 you spend on books, you will receive $1 in Boomerang Bucks loyalty dollars. You can use your Boomerang Bucks as a credit towards a future purchase from Boomerang Books. Note that you must be a Member (free to sign up) and that conditions do apply. | <urn:uuid:78872923-b801-4712-9308-dc6cba292958> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.boomerangbooks.com.au/Its-a-Mitzvah/Rabbi-Bradley-Shavit-Artson/book_9780874415858.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00079-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.849275 | 791 | 1.84375 | 2 |
Those who work in hospitals are exposed to many hazards. By the very nature of a hospital, this is inevitable; hospital workers are constantly being exposed to patients with all kinds of infections. Apart from this, hospital workers are exposed to other types of hazards.
Other People Are Reading
Biological hazards are those hazards caused by infectious agents like viruses, fungi, parasites or bacteria, which may be contracted through contact with contaminated objects like syringes or scalpels, or through contact with infected patients. Disease like Hepatitis B (HBV) Hepatitis C, Cytomegalovirus and Human Immunodeficiency Syndrome Virus (HIV), are transmitted through direct contact with infected blood and body fluids on broken, inflamed or chapped skin and the inside of the eye. Salmonella, Shingella and Campylobacter can be contracted by improper contact with fecal matter. Pulmonary tuberculosis, Chickenpox and Varicella zoster virus (VZV) can be contracted through inhalation of airborne droplets while Herpes simplex virus (HSV) Type I and Type II can be contracted through saliva.
Physical hazards for hospital workers include ionising and non-ionising radiation. Ionising radiation is the type of radiation used in such diagnostic procedures as fluoroscopy, x-ray, andgiography and in treatments involving the use of radioactive injections or implantations. The long-term effects of exposure to ionising radiation include genetic damage and negative effect on reproductive health. Non-ionising radiation includes radiation from lasers. The intensity of the light beam from lasers is especially risky to the eyes and skin.
Ergonomics involves the application of science to the design of environments, tools and workstations to fit the mental and physical limitations and abilities. This includes such hazards as slippery floors, cluttered hallways, sharp utensils and the handling of material. One of the most common injuries in the hospital is musculoskeletal injury, especially of the lower back, from handling and lifting heavy patients and objects. The application of ergonomic strategies can help alleviate this problem.
Many chemicals used in the hospital may be toxic or harmful to the human body. Hospital cleaners are routinely exposed to cleaning and sterilising agents; laboratory cleaners are exposed to tissue fixatives and reagents; nurses are exposed to disinfectants, solvents, and anti-cancer agents. Operating room staff are routinely exposed to anesthetic agents, while physicians are exposed to anti-cancer agents and disinfectants.
The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) defines workplace violence as "violent acts (including physical assaults and threats of assaults) directed toward persons at work or on duty." It states that research has shown that hospital workers are at a high risk for workplace violence, which often occurs during periods of high activity and interaction with patients. Such attacks are likely to occur when a service is denied or when a patient is admitted involuntarily.
- 20 of the funniest online reviews ever
- 14 Biggest lies people tell in online dating sites
- Hilarious things Google thinks you're trying to search for | <urn:uuid:e372f877-3d0f-409c-9b12-6f2c451df02e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.ehow.co.uk/list_7419100_hospital-work-hazards.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283008.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00081-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.935059 | 640 | 3.828125 | 4 |
Identifying and Controlling Pesky Pests
|By ROBIN WESTMILLER|
AS A LANDSCAPE CONTRACTOR, AS IN ANY BUSINESS, YOU’RE constantly looking for ways to increase your client base. Of course you provide the very best in design/build and maintenance services, or just maintenance itself, but so does your competition. While you’re looking at the big picture, and your bottom line, you might not see the “trees for the forest” or, in the case of a landscape project, the blades of grass for the lawn. But look close—really close—and you will discover a golden opportunity staring right back at you, chomping on the shrubs, devouring the leaves and crawling in the soil.
If you can spot insects and grubs, and the damage they’re causing, your client can spot them, too. The question is, who are they going to call to solve the problem?
Whatever action they take, whether it’s driving to the local hardware store to purchase an over-the-counter pesticide or calling a pest control company, they’re invariably giving their business and money to someone other than you.
Your business is more than maintaining the turf and the landscapes. It’s also about maintaining your relationship with your client, as well as your reputation. By adding pest, weed and disease control application services to your company’s repertoire, you’ll be providing an additional service, and one less competitor to solicit your client.
Landscape perfection begins with the lawn. All the hard work you put into the walkways, trees, flowers and fountains won’t matter if your client’s turf is being destroyed by an insect infestation. To keep your client’s landscape looking beautiful, it’s necessary to control turf-impacting pests.
Let’s take a look at some pests that are prominent in landscaping, the damage they cause and finally, how they can be controlled.
Grubs are a common pest in turfgrass. They are the larval stage of many different beetles.
During the warm summer months, the female adult burrows around three inches into the ground to lay her eggs.
As soon as they hatch, these grubs start eating by sucking on plant roots and continue sucking the juices until the turf dies.
Signs of grub damage are fairly easy to notice. If you spot irregular patches of brown on a well-watered lawn, there’s a good chance that area is infested with grubs. The soil will also feel spongy and loose to where you can easily roll back the sod like a carpet. When the turf is lifted to expose the grubs, they usually will be lying on their sides in a C-shaped position.
When it comes to controlling a grub infestation, timing is crucial. Grub elimination should be timed to target them at the youngest stage when that are close to the surface.
“The story of grubs starts with a 4th of July party,” says Tom Kroll, technical services manager, NuFarm Americas, Inc., Chicago, Illinois. “The best way to control grubs is to apply insecticide just before the eggs hatch. That window of opportunity is usually three weeks prior to July 4th, from up to two weeks after July 4th.”
Kroll recommends using an insecticide with the active ingredient imidacloprid in either dry form, which can be applied with a spreader, or as a liquid, which is sprayed on. Chloraniliprole and Trichlorfon are other active ingredients that are effective.
Another insect common in turf settings is the chinch bug. Chinch bugs rapidly kill turf once they’ve become established. Although they don’t attack all grasses, some of the most common warm- and cool-season turfgrass species are likely chinch-bug targets. Most of the varieties of grasses thrive in the Sunbelt states.
Chinch bug damage is usually first detected when irregular patches of turf begin to turn yellow, then straw colored. These areas turn reddish brown and eventually die, while the chinch bugs move on to healthy turf. A yellow halo around the damaged area is typical of a chinch bug infestation.
The female lays its eggs, and as the eggs hatch the young chinch bugs, called nymphs, do the damage. Nymphs are yellow upon hatching, but soon turn red and have a light-colored band across their abdomens.
Chinch bugs suck on grass juices while releasing a toxin that causes yellowish to brownish patches in turf.
Over the years, chinch bugs have become resistant to almost every chemical used to control them, but insecticides containing bifenthrin have been shown to be effective, because the chemical works both internally and externally. “Bifenthrin kills the chinch bug both when the bugs ingest plants that have been treated with the chemical, and also when bifenthrin gets on their skin,” says Adam E. Manwarren, turf and ornamental product manager at FMC Professional Solutions.
You could apply the insecticide to the affected areas, or around the border of the landscape, but because they can fly, it’s difficult to keep an area totally free of chinch bugs. Manwarren recommends a broadcast application on the entire lawn with either a liquid spray or granular spreader.
While chinch bugs are annoying pests, they are strictly vegetarians. Much more than a picnic crasher, fire ants are an invasive species whose bite is extremely painful and potentially deadly.
Before attempting to treat for these ants, you must first identify them correctly.
Identifying fire ants is difficult because they look much like ordinary ants. They’re 1/8 to 1/4 inch long and reddish brown to black in color. Their bodies look like ordinary ants in that they have three sections: head, thorax, abdomen; three pairs of legs, and elbowed antennae, but usually the head will be a lighter color and the abdomen will be much darker.
They can also be identified by the distinctive mound-shaped nests they build. The fire ants’ mounds are at least 12 inches in both diameter and height, although they can be as large as two feet high and two feet wide.
Late August through early October is an ideal time to apply fire ant bait to lawns, but baits are slow-acting and can take weeks to months to reduce ant mound numbers. Applying pesticides, which use a combination of the active ingredients bifenthrin and zeta-cypermethrin, directly to the mounds have been shown to be effective in killing fire ants in less time.
What makes a fire ant colony difficult to destroy is that the nests can contain several hundred-thousand ants.
About 16 states in the U.S. have reported some level of fire ant problem, but California seems to be the sole state of choice for the Myoporum thrip. It’s named for the Myoporum ground covers and tree species which are widely planted in Southern California, due to their minimal water requirements and ease of maintenance. These imported pests were first discovered in Orange County, California, in 2005 and have rapidly spread to many different parts of the state. The thrip insect is smaller than one millimeter and often hides in curled up leaves or within buds of flowers. It is yellowish brown or black in appearance, but can have brightly colored spots as well. There are many different species of thrips, but they all share some common features, such as thin bodies, feathery-looking wings, and elongated feeding tubes that are used for puncturing and sucking.
The Myoporum thrip attacks the flowering shrub Myoporum by sucking the plant’s juices to the point the plant dies. While much is known about thrips in general, little is known about this particular pest of Myoporum. Early studies by James Bethke and David Shaw of the University of California found that two applications of imidacloprid or spinosad reduced the number of thrips and the amount of damage to infested Myoporum plants. Further research is continuing to ensure the insects don’t migrate to other states.
Also limited to a small portion of the country, the ficus whitefly is causing a great amount of damage in South Florida. Ficus trees without their leaves are one of the most obvious symptoms of a whitefly infestation. “In Florida, ficus are used as privacy hedges because they can grow anywhere, are between five and eight feet tall and totally block the neighbor’s view,” says Todd Mayhew, western field development manager, Valent Professional Products, Walnut Creek, California.
“This particular whitefly gets on ficus and sucks out the juice, causing the plant to lose its leaves. If you have a privacy hedge with no leaves, it sort of defeats the purpose.”
Whiteflies are small, winged insects that typically feed on the underside of leaves with their “needle-like” mouthparts. They can seriously injure host plants by sucking juices from them, causing wilting, yellowing, stunting, leaf drop or even death.
The adult whitefly resembles a very small moth, with a yellow body and white wings with a faint gray band in the middle of the wings. Eggs and nymphs can be found primarily on the underside of the leaves.
The recommended method to control the whitefly is to drench the soil around the base of the tree or hedge with a product that contains a neonicotinoid compound. If applied appropriately, it should provide sufficient control of the whitefly for four to eight months, or perhaps longer, depending on the size of the tree or shrub.
Unlike the whitefly’s limited location, billbugs can be found throughout the entire U.S. Billbug damage usually appears in late June through August, when summer drought stress is common. Light infestations in lawns often produce small dead spots that look like the turf disease. Heavy infestations can result in complete destruction of the turf, usually by August. The major problem with billbug damage is that it looks like a variety of other problems, such as drought, disease, chinch bugs, or grubs. Billbug-damaged turf turns a whitish-straw color rather than the yellow caused by greenbugs. Soil under the damaged turf is solid, not spongy as in white grub attacks.
Billbugs are some of the most difficult turfgrass insects to control, because the adults’ armor-like bodies protect them from absorbing insecticides. They also don’t ingest much insecticide when they penetrate a grass stem while feeding. A systemic pesticide that contains the active ingredient dinotefuran can control billbugs, as well as a broad spectrum of other insect pests. With light to moderate infestations, much of the damage can be controlled with adequate irrigation and fertilization; however, with increased regulations on both irrigation and fertilization use, billbug damage is on the rise.
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
IPM is not a single pest control method but, rather, a series of pest management evaluations, decisions and controls. By combining information on an insect’s life cycles and the way they interact with the environment, along with selected pesticide methods, IPM not only can eliminate an ongoing infestation, but can prevent one before it starts.
The options can be as simple as removing the pests with a garden hose, changing the watering schedule or modifying mulching. If these methods are ineffective, then it’s time to step it up a notch. Introducing natural predators into the infected environment or using non-chemical pesticides are two viable alternatives.
Biopesticides are a type of pesticide derived from natural materials. For example, canola oil and baking soda have pesticidal applications and are considered biopesticides.
Microbial pesticides are another type of biopesticide, made from microorganisms. The most widely used microbial pesticides are strains of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). After the pest ingests the chemical, Bt proteins paralyze their digestive system, and the infected insect dies from starvation.
Chemical insecticides are used in IPM as well. In many instances, the operator will isolate where an infestation is and spray insecticides only in that specific area. Integrated Pest Management is an excellent approach to insect problems.
Before adding pesticide application to your company’s list of services, it is advisable to check with your state’s Department of Pesticide Regulation, or similar agency, to see if a license is required. Some states offer a simple commercial ground applicator’s license, while others have commercial pesticide business licenses available as well.
While you won’t be able to totally eradicate all insects from the landscape, you can control and manage them. Whatever method you choose, your clients will be pleased that the next time they look closely at their grass, the only thing they’ll see is lovely, healthy green leaves. | <urn:uuid:ef4951e8-ab4f-4e12-a625-955810a091fa> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://igin.com/print-article-1510-print.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720000.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00023-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.947457 | 2,755 | 1.554688 | 2 |
One of the major decisions in deployment planning is how to set up access to OpenSSO Enterprise from outside a secure intranet. This chapter discusses two options: using a reverse proxy or using the Distributed Authentication User Interface (DAUI). Both options allow Authentication Service pages to be served to users over a firewall (for example) thus preventing direct access to OpenSSO Enterprise by unauthorized users.
This chapter includes the following topics:
OpenSSO Enterprise provides an authentication interface that can be deployed between the outer internet firewall and the inner intranet firewall - in the DMZ - to enable secure authentication communications to the OpenSSO Enterprise server. Deploying the Distributed Authentication User Interface (DAUI) to one or more web containers within a non-secure layer eliminates the exposure of service URLs to the end user, and prevents direct access to the OpenSSO configuration and user data stores by unauthorized users. The following diagram illustrates the deployment.
The DAUI is best used when various authentication modules/chains are configured and thus customized content needs to be presented to different user clients and/or agents. The DAUI is a flexible option for customizing content in the DMZ. The OpenSSO server is completely hidden from the external clients because all communication is mediated by the OpenSSO Client SDK calls. Benefits of the DAUI include:
Eliminate direct client/server traffic The DAUI receives all client authentication requests and, in turn, sends them to the back-end OpenSSO server, even eliminating encrypted traffic between the external clients and the OpenSSO Enterprise server.
Authentication Service support All authentication modules are supported via the DAUI.
Dynamic customization of pages Each incoming request can be routed to different DAUI pages, dependent on the authentication chain or module being used. These DAUI pages are customized in the DMZ so access to the back-end OpenSSO Enterprise server is not necessary.
See Chapter 7, Installing and Configuring the Distributed Authentication User Interface, in Deployment Example: Single Sign-On, Load Balancing and Failover Using Sun OpenSSO Enterprise 8.0 for more information.
The DAUI WAR cannot be used for federation communications between the client SDK in the DMZ and the back-end OpenSSO server. All federation API calls (including SAMLv2, Liberty ID-FF, and Web Services Security) must communicate directly with OpenSSO.
As an application proxy does, a reverse proxy acts as a gateway between a protected HTTP server and requests to the HTTP server that originate from outside the secure intranet. A reverse proxy is installed between the outer internet firewall and the inner intranet firewall - referred to as the demilitarized zone (DMZ) - to prevent direct access to the OpenSSO configuration and user data stores by unauthorized users. A reverse proxy can be implemented as Sun Web Proxy Server 4.0.9 or as Sun Web Server 7.0 Update 3 or later with the reverse proxy plugin. It requires an SSL-enabled port for communication between the external client and the back-end OpenSSO Enterprise server. The following diagram illustrates the deployment.
A reverse proxy is best used when the content to be presented is uniform. This is generally the case when there is only one authentication module or authentication chain configured thus only one user interface page is served and that page is hardly changed. Taking advantage of the caching and compression capabilities of the reverse proxy, the page can be served very quickly. Also using a reverse proxy can be an acceptable and efficient way of distributing the load among web servers. Benefits of reverse proxy servers include:
Caching for improved performance When static content is cached, the reverse proxy would not forward a request for the content to OpenSSO Enterprise; it would respond to the request by serving the content itself. This could lower the request load, thereby improving performance of the server and potentially lower response times to the client.
Additional layer of security By introducing an additional layer of security, access to the OpenSSO Enterprise server is further limited. This additional layer offers the opportunity to monitor traffic, to perform a wider set of checks (for example, malformed URL strings can be stopped at the proxy), and to react to attacks sooner.
Persistent load balancing Configure the name of a sticky cookie or sticky URI parameter (in the reverse proxy configuration) to allow subsequent requests to stick to the same OpenSSO server that responded to the first request. Stickiness affects OpenSSO Enterprise performance positively.
Compression for speedy load times Outgoing traffic can be transparently compressed thus lowering total bandwidth requirements. A reverse proxy supports various compression levels and fragment sizes, allowing the administrator to select a level of compromise between speed and compression.
Spoon feeding dynamic content Dynamically generated content can be returned from the back end server a little at a time.
As most reverse proxies have limited load balancing capabilities, thought should be put into whether you would use a reverse proxy or a reverse proxy capable load balancer. For example, reverse proxy software would require additional hardware whereas load balancers are fairly common.
See Sun Java System Web Proxy Server 4.0.12 Installation and Migration Guide and chapters 3 and 4 in Using the Java System Web Server as a Reverse Proxy for Improved Security for more information.
If your OpenSSO deployment architecture includes a reverse proxy server (as described in Using a Reverse Proxy), you have the option of protecting the content servers by installing a policy agent on the proxy itself, or installing multiple policy agents on the content servers behind the reverse proxy server. The choice is dependent on the relative uniformity or variability of the hosted/protected content and the access-denied URLs. The following sections have more information.
A reverse proxy server or a load balancer with a reverse proxy feature is usually installed between the outer firewall and the inner firewall - in the DMZ between the internet and the secure intranet. See Chapter 8, Configuring the Protected Resource Host Machines, in Deployment Example: Single Sign-On, Load Balancing and Failover Using Sun OpenSSO Enterprise 8.0, Chapter 9, Setting Up Load Balancers for the Policy Agents, in Deployment Example: Single Sign-On, Load Balancing and Failover Using Sun OpenSSO Enterprise 8.0 and Sun OpenSSO Enterprise Policy Agent 3.0 Guide for Sun Java System Web Proxy Server 4.0.x for installation and configuration information.
When there is a uniformity in the configuration of the content servers in the back end (including access denied URLs, application logout URLs, profile, session and response attributes, and the web container type), a single policy agent for the reverse proxy server would be the efficient way of protecting the content. The following diagram illustrates this.
Regardless of the number of content servers being fronted by the reverse proxy, only one agent is installed on the reverse proxy machine. The footprint of this configuration is less cost (fewer agents to maintain) and less memory (a single agent requires less memory to cache). With one agent no communication will occur between the content servers and the OpenSSO server. The policy agent will have back channel communications with the OpenSSO load balancer to update cache entries, perform session validation, and make policy requests but, since the agent is installed on the reverse proxy server and not on the content servers, only the reverse proxy server would communicate with the OpenSSO load balancer. This effectively reduces the number of communication channels which would result in fewer firewall rules, tighter control over server-to-server communications, and a higher level of security. On the other hand, one agent does not allow identification of content servers which may impact application usage reports. One agent also uses the same session identifier introducing the risk of cookie hijacking.
When a number of content servers use different types of web containers or each content server has different access denied URLs, agent profiles, session and response attributes, and application logout URLs, the only choice is to install multiple policy agents. Each agent will have its own customized agent profile. The following diagram illustrates this.
Unlike in the case of the single reverse proxy server policy agent where the same session identifier is used to access many applications protected by the agent, multiple policy agents do not use the same session identifier (when the agents are configured in cookie hijacking prevention mode). With multiple agents, it is now easy to customize agent properties per content server; for example, customize profile attributes to be fetched, session attributes to be fetched, response attributes to be added to the header, URL of the access denied page, customized application error pages, and application logout URLs. By customizing each application's logout URL, it is possible to perform cleanup tasks — such as destroying the user's session or resetting cookies — per application. (Customizing certain agent properties with only one policy agent might create a security risk.) | <urn:uuid:e12f9eed-6f2e-46f2-b642-ba946669bd1d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19316-01/820-3746/gjbof/index.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279169.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00214-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.857831 | 1,816 | 1.992188 | 2 |
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