text
stringlengths 181
608k
| id
stringlengths 47
47
| dump
stringclasses 3
values | url
stringlengths 13
2.97k
| file_path
stringlengths 125
140
| language
stringclasses 1
value | language_score
float64 0.65
1
| token_count
int64 50
138k
| score
float64 1.5
5
| int_score
int64 2
5
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Partisanship, especially on electoral reform, has been on the rise since 2016 when Donald Trump came to office. The situation has worsened since 2020 as Trump resisted defeat in the Presidential election that year. However, there are some electoral reforms that both Democrats and Republicans seem to like. This article by Miles Parks is published by NPR. Here is an excerpt:
Earlier this year, Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., called a targeted effort by some senators to reform the election certification process that former President Donald Trump attempted to hijack on Jan. 6, 2021, “unacceptably insufficient and even offensive.”
Schumer wanted to go bigger.
He wanted to focus on much more expansive voting rights legislation, known as the Freedom to Vote Act, which would have overhauled essentially everything about the American election system: when and where Americans could cast a ballot, how they contribute to political campaigns and how states draw their political lines.
The proposal was trimmed down from an even larger elections bill, but it was still so massive that many election experts and even some Democrats privately say they never actually expected it to pass.
Read the full article here.
|
<urn:uuid:f4dbf75d-2c97-4d99-8c24-3c8b633f80d2>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://democracychronicles.org/election-reforms-that-both-democrats-and-republicans-seem-to-like/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572581.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816211628-20220817001628-00070.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.98519
| 238
| 2.109375
| 2
|
The best way to avoid hydroplaning is to:
Keep your tires properly maintained.
Slow down when roads are wet or slushy.
Watch out for standing water or puddles.
All of the above.
When roads are wet, cars take a longer distance to stop and may skid on quick turns. Do not use cruise control when driving under wet or icy conditions. Reduce your speed and drive with caution.
|
<urn:uuid:fc1d21bc-7829-419f-b470-ce241dd98b1a>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://www.dmv-written-test.com/question/the-best-way-to-avoid-hydroplaning-is-to_7er2VvrJ.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570741.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808001418-20220808031418-00073.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.89409
| 89
| 1.78125
| 2
|
There’s a good chance you’re out barbecuing for the Fourth of July.
It’s an American tradition, and it’s also the subject of short film, “My Dear Americans,” about a young Sikh couple who have just moved to the US. The film was selected as part of the 2014 PBS Online Film Festival.
“I thought it would be interesting to take a tradition, an American tradition, but present it from the point of view of an outsider because it’s the most American and the most patriotic,” says Arpita Kumar, the film’s director .
The plot of the film is simple: a young Sikh immigrant couple heads to Costco to prepare for their Fourth of July barbeque when they come face-to-face with a neighborhood hate crime.
But the film unearths issues that highlight what it means to be American, and they’re complex. For example, the husband in the film — a jolly man sporting a beard and turban — is gung-ho about living in the US. In a T-shirt plastered with an American flag, he literally wears his patriotism on his chest.
His wife, Tejpreet, however, struggles with her new American identity.
Kumar says the film was prompted by the 2012 Sikh temple shooting in Wisconsin, in which a white supremacist opened fire in a gurdwara, a Sikh place of worship. The shooter killed six people in the temple.
“It was really shocking,” Kumar says, “because it was more than a decade after 9/11 and there was still so much ignorance about the Sikh community. And what I realized was that you can’t do much about the ignorance of others, but what you could do is change your reaction to that ignorance.”
Kumar came to the United States more than 11 years ago for college. “I was more aligned with the husband [character],” she remembers. “I was really enthusiastic. The night before I came to the US, I couldn’t even sleep, I was so excited about it.”
She based many of the scenes off of experiences she had during her first years here, weaving in moments “when I was overwhelmed and .. when I would retreat inward.”
One of those overwhelming moments, Kumar says, was her first trip to a massive store, days after arriving to begin college.
“They took us to Target, and I’m from a small part of India and I had never been to such a huge supermarket. The fluorescent lights and the variety and the choices — [I] didn’t know how to navigate it,” Kumar says. “It was really overwhelming and I think it was the first terrifying moment of my life.”
In the film, the characters head to Costco and feel a similar way, ambushed by the fluorescent lights and overwhelming variety of food. From the wife’s point of view, the room was spinning.
At her own first Fourth of July celebration, Kumar remembers being in New York City with a friend. “I was talking to her, and suddenly she turns me around because my back was towards the fireworks,” she say. “And I see the whole sky explode into amazing fireworks and it blew my mind.
The fireworks reminded Kumar of a holiday back home. “In India we have Diwali, which is a Hindu festival of lights in which we have fireworks,” she says. “So for the next two years I wished everybody a Happy Diwali on the Fourth of July because, for me, it was just like Diwali.”
Source: PRI’s The World
Reporter Shefali S. Kulkarni
|
<urn:uuid:1d596551-4dce-4228-8921-8bafb373a804>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://sikhsangat.org/2014/my-dear-american-looks-at-how-a-sikh-immigrant-couple-spend-their-fourth-of-july/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00492-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.983286
| 801
| 1.703125
| 2
|
According to the 2000 Census, 4.1 million people,1 or 1.5 percent of the total population, identified themselves as American Indians or Alaska Natives (Native Americans).2 Despite the relatively small Native American population, a 2001 study conducted by the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) indicated that Native Americans are more likely to experience rape or sexual assault, robbery, aggravated assault, and simple assault than people of any other race.3 Another study conducted by the BJS indicated that:4
- Native Americans experience per capita rates of violence that are more than twice those of the United States resident population.
- Rates of violence in every age group are higher among Native Americans than that of all other races.
- Nearly a third of all Native American victims of violence are between ages 18 and 24, the highest per capita rate of violence of any racial group considered by age - approximately 1 violent crime for every 4 persons of this age range.
- The arrest rate among Native Americans for alcohol related offenses was more than double that found among all races.
- On a per capita basis, Native Americans had a rate of prison incarceration about 38 percent higher than the national rate.
One strategic objective of the Department of Justice (DOJ) is to improve the crime fighting and criminal justice administration capabilities of tribal governments.5 This objective is incorporated in the DOJ Strategic Plan, which includes the goals, objectives, and strategies for achieving its mission. The DOJís strategies for achieving this objective include:
- providing resources to states, tribes, and local jurisdictions to enhance law enforcement efforts;
- providing direct technical support to state, local, and tribal law enforcement;
- facilitating the prosecution and adjudication of federal, state, tribal, and local laws;
- enhancing the human and technological capability of state, tribal, and local jurisdictions to share information and resources to combat crime; and
- providing funding, information, training, and technical assistance to state, local, and tribal governments to prevent juvenile delinquency and improve the juvenile justice system.
Although the federal governmentís role in crime-fighting has expanded in recent years, most of the responsibility for crime control and prevention rests with our state and local governments, including tribal governments. To this end, the DOJ seeks to provide leadership and support to further develop their capacity to prevent and control crime and administer justice fairly and effectively by providing various grant programs, training, technical assistance, research, and statistics.
Within the DOJ, the Office of Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS Office), Office of Justice Programs (OJP), and Office on Violence Against Women (OVW) are the primary agencies responsible for providing grant funding to enhance and support the efforts of tribal governments to address crime, violence, and victimization in Native American communities and villages.6 The COPS Office, OJP, and OVW also provide funding for research and evaluation projects, and training and technical assistance. These components provide funding to tribal governments mostly through mandatory set-asides or programs intended specifically for tribal governments.
DOJ Grant Funding Agencies
During FYs 2000 through 2003, the COPS Office, OJP, and OVW funding for grant programs to improve criminal justice systems totaled $18.8 billion, of which $424.2 million (2.3 percent) was awarded to tribal governments. These components provided funding to tribal governments totaling $77.4 million through competitive programs and mandatory set asides and $346.8 million through programs intended specifically for tribal governments.
Office of Community Oriented Policing Services
The mission of the COPS Office is to advance community policing in jurisdictions of all sizes across the country. To this end, the COPS Office provides grants to state, local, and tribal law enforcement agencies to hire and train community policing professionals, acquire and deploy new crime fighting technologies, and develop and test innovative policing strategies.
Our audit generally included, but was not limited to, grants awarded to tribal governments during FYs 2000 through 2003. During the period covered by our audit, the COPS Office budget totaled $4.1 billion, of which $147.13 million (3.6 percent) was awarded to tribal governments, as shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1: TRIBAL FUNDING AWARDED BY THE COPS OFFICE
(Dollars in Millions)
| ||FY 2000||FY 2001||FY 2002||FY 2003||TOTAL|
|Tribal Resource Grant Program||$35.23||$34.10||$31.63||$29.33||$130.29|
|Tribal Hiring Renewal Grant Program||0.00||0.55||1.18||6.83||8.56|
|Tribal Mental Health and Community|
|Total Funding Awarded to Tribal|
Governments, All Programs
Source: DOJ Budget Summaries for FYs 2001 - 2003 and the COPS Office
The COPS Office awards funding to tribal governments through programs that are open to all state, local, and tribal governments, and through the following programs that are intended specifically for tribal governments.7
- Tribal Resource Grant Program (TRGP) is a broad grant program designed to meet law enforcement needs in Native American communities and villages. This program offers a wide variety of funding in areas such as hiring additional officers, law enforcement training, uniforms, basic issue equipment, emerging technologies, and police vehicles.
- Tribal Hiring Renewal Grant Program (THRGP) is designed to assist fiscally distressed tribal governments by renewing previous COPS hiring grant positions that have been exempted from the retention requirement on recently expired COPS hiring grants.8 The THRGP provides 100 percent of allowable salary and benefit costs for renewed officer positions with no local funding match requirement for an additional 2 year period. This program focuses on Native American communities and villages which have limited resources, many of which are affected by high rates of crime and violence.
- Tribal Mental Health and Community Safety Initiative (MHCSI) provides funding directly to tribal jurisdictions with established law enforcement agencies. The MHCSI offers a variety of funding options, including entry-level salaries and benefits of newly hired officers, training, uniforms, basic issue equipment, officer-related technology, and vehicles for new and existing police officers. The MHCSI was designed to expand the implementation of community policing and meet the most serious needs of law enforcement in Native American communities and villages through a broadened comprehensive program. All officers hired under the MHCSI grant program (or an equal number of veteran, locally funded officers) must serve as school resource and/or community resource officers. The MHCSI grant program is intended to strengthen the overall law enforcement infrastructure in Native American communities and villages.
- Tribal Court Pilot Program (TCPP) funding is intended to provide assistance to address the increase in caseloads associated with increased arrests anticipated from grant funding to support tribal law enforcement. Specifically, this program funds 100 percent of the total costs to implement one or more of the following: 1) salaries and benefits to hire additional court personnel (e.g., probation officers, process servers); 2) additional training for new and existing court personnel; 3) additional technology to improve and enhance case management (e.g., computer hardware, software); and 4) any other measure that may provide a significant improvement in case management and is not otherwise funded with tribal, state, or local funds.
Office of Justice Programs
The OJP administers grant programs, supports research and evaluation projects, and provides training and technical assistance for state, local, and tribal governments.9 Our audit generally included, but was not limited to, grants awarded to tribal governments during FYs 2000 through 2003. During the period covered by our audit, the combined OJP and OVW budget totaled $15.4 billion of which $277.03 million (1.8 percent) was awarded to tribal governments, as shown in Table 2.10
TABLE 2: TRIBAL FUNDING AWARDED BY OJP AND OVW
(Dollars in Millions)
| ||FY 2000||FY 2001||FY 2002||FY 2003||TOTAL|
|Total Combined OJP and OVW|
|OJP - Indian Alcohol and Substance|
|OJP - Tribal Courts Assistance|
|OJP - Correctional Facilities on|
Tribal Lands Program
|OJP - Tribal Youth Program||7.73||10.04||20.28||9.82||47.87|
|OJP - Tribal Victims Assistance|
Discretionary Grant Program
|OJP - Children's Justice Act|
Partnerships for Indian
|OJP - Other Programs||21.49||17.34||14.88||17.37||71.08|
|Total OJP Funding Awarded to|
|OVW - STOP Violence Against|
Indian Women Program
|Total OJP and OVW Funding|
Awarded to Tribal Governments
Source: DOJ Budget Summaries for FYs 2001 - 2003, OJP, and OVW
The OJP awards funding to tribal governments through its programs that are open to all state, local, and tribal governments, and through the following programs that are intended specifically for tribal governments.11
- Indian Alcohol and Substance Abuse Program is designed to reduce crimes associated with the distribution and abuse of alcohol and controlled substances in tribal communities. The program seeks to mobilize Native American communities and villages to implement or enhance innovative, collaborative efforts to address public safety issues related to alcohol and substance abuse.
- Tribal Courts Assistance Program is designed to support the implementation, enhancement, and continuing operation of tribal justice systems.
- Correctional Facilities of Tribal Lands Program is designed to support the construction of jails on tribal lands for the incarceration of offenders subject to tribal jurisdiction.
- Tribal Youth Program is designed to support and enhance tribal efforts to prevent and control delinquency and improve the juvenile justice system for Native American youth. A major focus of the program is providing Native American youth with mental health services. Up to 10 percent of the allocation will be invested in program-related research, evaluation, and statistics on tribal activity.
- Tribal Victim Assistance Discretionary Grant Program is designed to create accessible and responsive victim assistance services on tribal lands and reservations where federal prosecution of major crimes occurs.
- Childrenís Justice Act Partnerships for Indian Communities Discretionary Grant Program is designed to help tribal justice systems address serious child abuse cases by developing specialized services and procedures to address the needs of Native American child victims and strategies to handle cases of child sexual abuse.
Office on Violence Against Women
The OVW is responsible for managing the DOJís legal and policy issues regarding violence against women and coordinating DOJ efforts in this area by providing national and international leadership, receiving international visitors interested in learning about the federal governmentís role in addressing violence against women, and responding to requests for information regarding violence against women. The OVW administers the following tribal specific grant program.
- STOP Violence Against Indian Women Discretionary Grant Program is intended to develop and strengthen tribal law enforcement and prosecution efforts to combat violence against Native American women and to develop and enhance services for victims of such crimes.
Issues Affecting Federal Grant Programs for Tribal Criminal Justice Systems
According to a study funded by Office of Victims of Crime (OVC), there are a wide range of concerns that significantly impact the federal governmentís ability to effectively implement grant programs that provide funding for tribal criminal justice systems.12 These concerns include:
- The critical issue of cultural differences must be addressed in any effort to promote a strong relationship between the tribal government and the federal government.
- As stated previously, the crime rate, especially the violent and juvenile crime rates, has been increasing in Indian County while crime rates have declined nationwide.
- There are numerous jurisdictional complexities and limitations in Indian Country that present overwhelming difficulties in any effort to improve the relationship between tribal governments and the federal government. The confusing jurisdiction among tribal, federal, and state governments has resulted in jurisdictional gaps and disputes.13 The difficulty of determining jurisdiction, and provisions for concurrent jurisdiction of certain cases, can cause conflict and confusion for law enforcement, prosecution, courts, service providers, and crime victims in Indian Country.
- There is a lack of understanding and contact by the federal government with tribal criminal justice systems, including tribal court systems.
- Tribal justice systems are inadequately funded and the lack of adequate funding impairs their operation.
- The lack of facilities and resources available to most criminal justice systems is complicated by the isolated, rural location of most Indian reservations.
Efforts to Improve Relations Among Federal and Tribal Governments
In April 1994, during a meeting with the heads of tribal governments, former President Clinton made a commitment to improve the federal governmentís relationship with tribal governments and issued a directive to all executive departments and agencies of the federal government to:
- operate within a government-to-government relationship with federally recognized tribes;
- consult, to the greatest extent practicable and permitted by law, with tribal governments before taking actions that affect federally recognized tribes;
- assess the impact of agency activities on tribal trust resources and assure that tribal interests are considered before the activities are undertaken;
- remove procedural impediments to working directly with tribal governments on activities that affect trust property or governmental rights of the tribes; and
- work cooperatively with other agencies to accomplish the goals established by the President.
In an effort to enhance the DOJís communication and coordination with tribal governments, in 1995 the Attorney General established the Office of Tribal Justice (OTJ). The OTJ coordinates DOJ policies and positions on Native American issues; maintains a liaison with the federally recognized tribes, and works on Native American issues with appropriate federal, state and local officials, professional associations and public interest groups.
In June 1995, the DOJ issued policy on Indian Sovereignty and Government-to-Government Relations With Indian Tribes. The policy reaffirms the DOJís recognition of the sovereign status of federally recognized tribes as domestic dependent nations, and provides guidance on Indian affairs.
The Office of the Inspector General (OIG) has conducted several reviews of the COPS Office and OJPís grant monitoring activities that addressed concerns related to those identified in this audit. Specifically,
- Police Hiring and Redeployment Grants, Summary of Audit Findings and Recommendations, October 1996 - September 1998, Report No. 99-14, April 1999, found that the COPS Office did not always ensure that its grant recipients complied with critical grant requirements.
- Management and Administration of the Community Policing Services Grant Program, Report No. 99-21, July 1999, found that the COPS Office: 1) did not always ensure that unaccepted grants funds were deobligated in a timely manner, 2) needed to improve guidance for grantees in critical areas of compliance, 3) needed to increase the level of monitoring efforts of grantee compliance with critical grant requirements; and 4) needed to improve financial controls.
- Office of Justice Programs, State and Local Domestic Preparedness Grant Programs, Report No. 02-15, March 2002, found that grant funds were not awarded quickly and grantees were very slow to spend available monies.
- The Office of Justice Programs Convicted Offender DNA Sample Backlog Reduction Grant Program, Report No. 02-20, May 2002, found that financial and progress reports were not always filed or were not filed in a timely manner.
- The No Suspect Casework DNA Backlog Reduction Program, Report No. 05-02, November 2004, found that there were significant delays in drawing down grant funds for DNA backlog reduction efforts, and unallowable and unsupported costs were charged to the grants.
- U.S. Department of Justice Annual Financial Statement, Fiscal Year 2004, Report No. 05-03, December 2004, found significant issues with OJPís overall control environment for financial reporting, and grant accounting and monitoring.
From FYs 1998 through 2003, the OIG conducted 27 audits of COPS Office and OJP grants awarded to tribal grantees.14 These audits resulted in questioned costs totaling $4.19 million and funds put to better use totaling $3.04 million, and identified weaknesses in the following areas.15
- Unallowable and unsupported costs were charged to the grants.
- Financial and progress reports were missing, late, and inaccurate.
- Grant activities were not fully implemented.
- Drawdowns occurred after the grant end date.
- Grants funds awarded were not used.
- Grant funds in excess of grant expenditures were drawn down.
These findings are consistent indications that the COPS Office and OJP are not effectively monitoring and administering the DOJís grants awarded to tribal governments.
The Government Accountability Office (GAO) has also conducted reviews of the COPS Office and OJP grant monitoring activities which are related to our audit. Although these reports were not related to any tribal specific grant programs, each addressed concerns similar those identified in our audit. Specifically,
- Community Policing: Issues Related to the Design, Operation, and Management of the Grant Program, Report No. GAO/GGD-97-167, September 1997, found that on-site and telephone monitoring by grant managers did not systematically occur.
- Justice Discretionary Grants: Byrne Program and Violence Against Women Office Grant Monitoring Should Be Better Documented, Report No. GAO 02-25, November 2001, found that: 1) grant monitoring plans were not always developed for each award and monitoring was not always documented, 2) progress reports were not always filed for the majority of awards reviewed, 3) financial status reports were not always filed for about half the awards reviewed, and 4) based on a limited review, grant files did not contain required closeout materials.
- Juvenile Justice: Better Documentation of Discretionary Grant Monitoring is Needed, Report No. GAO-02-65, October 2001, found that: 1) telephone monitoring contacts were not documented for almost all awards reviewed, 2) there was no documentation supporting that on-site monitoring requirements were met for almost all awards reviewed, 3) progress reports were not always filed for the majority of awards reviewed, 4) grant manager compliance with grant monitoring requirements was not systematically reviewed by the program office, and 5) various closeout materials were missing from the grant files.
DOJ Top Management Challenges
Since 1998, the OIG has created an annual list of the top 10 management challenges for the DOJ. For the last 5 years, grant management has been identified by the OIG as one of the DOJís top management challenges. The OIG reported that grant management continues to be a challenge for the following reasons:
- reviews continue to determine that many grantees do not submit financial and progress reports;
- numerous deficiencies continue to be found in monitoring COPS Office grants;
- audits found that grant funds were not always awarded quickly and grantees were slow to spend available monies; and
- more than 375 OIG audits of COPS Office grants have resulted in significant dollar-related findings.
The OIG conducted this audit at the request of OJP to review the administration of DOJ grants awarded to tribal governments by the COPS Office, OJP, and OVW. In developing the objectives of the audit, we also considered the concerns identified in past grant audits and in the OIGís report on the DOJís top 10 management challenges. As a result, the objectives of this audit were to evaluate:
- the adequacy of monitoring and administration of tribal-specific grant programs;
- whether costs charged to the tribal-specific grants are allowable and in accordance with applicable laws, regulations, guidelines, and terms and conditions of the grants; and
- the effectiveness of the DOJís overall strategy for awarding grants to tribal governments.
- This statistic includes 2.5 million individuals in the United States who identify themselves as Native American, and another 1.6 million who identify themselves as part Native American.
- Throughout this report, the term "Native Americans" is used to indicate American Indians and Alaska Natives.
- BJS Special Report, Violent Victimization and Race, 1993-98, March 2001.
- BJS, American Indians and Crime, February 1999.
- U.S. Department of Justice, Fiscal Years 2003 - 2008, Strategic Plan, (DOJ Strategic Plan).
- Under a provision in the 2002 Justice Department reauthorization bill, enacted in October 2002, OVW became a permanent and independent office within the DOJ.
- See Appendix IV for a listing of other COPS Office grant programs awarded to tribal governments.
- The COPS Office provides grants to state, local, and tribal law enforcement agencies to hire and train sworn officers and enhance community policing efforts.
- See Appendix III for a listing of the OJP bureaus, program offices, and agency-wide support offices.
- Under a provision in the 2002 Justice Department reauthorization bill, enacted in October 2002, OVW became a permanent and independent office within the DOJ; however, funding was not reported separately from OJP until the FY 2005 proposed budget.
- See Appendix V for a comprehensive listing of OJP grant programs offered to tribal governments.
- The Center on Child Abuse and Neglect, Improving the Relationship between Indian Nations, the Federal Government, and State Governments: Developing and Implementing Cooperative Agreements or Memorandums of Understanding, March 2000.
- See Appendix VI for an analysis of criminal jurisdiction in Indian Country.
- See Appendices VII and VIII for a listing of audits, including dollar-related findings, of COPS Office and OJP tribal grantees conducted by the OIG.
- Questioned Costs are expenditures that do not comply with legal regulatory or contractual requirements, or are not supported by adequate documentation at the time of the audit, or are unnecessary or unreasonable. Questioned costs may be remedied by offset, waiver, recovery of funds, or the provision of supporting documentation.
Funds Put to Better Use are funds not yet expended that could be used more efficiently if management took actions to implement and complete audit recommendations.
|
<urn:uuid:19a69e82-51d5-443f-a136-02c2c379d479>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://oig.justice.gov/reports/OJP/a0518/intro.htm
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570765.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808031623-20220808061623-00274.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.933559
| 4,913
| 3.015625
| 3
|
UNDP: A Rising 'South' the Big Story in Development Today
NEW YORK, May 8, 2013 — Fast-rising new powers of the developing world are rapidly shifting global dynamics. While economic gains are lifting hundreds of millions out of poverty, the increasing influence of the "Global South" extends beyond economic growth, with developing countries taking on leadership roles in innovation, social policy, and entrepreneurial creativity. A panel of experts discussed the future of the "Global South" and the implications for the world stage in an event here co-sponsored by the UNDP Human Development Report Office.
Khalid Malik, Director of the UNDP Human Development Report Office, delivered an opening presentation highlighting some of the key issues in the recently released UNDP Human Development Report, focusing on what he describes as "tectonic shifts" in development indicators. Human development gains over the last decades have not been confined to just a few countries making headlines. "The story has been very much about BRICs, about incomes. Actually the story is a much deeper one, a much more interesting one — about 40 countries are doing better than expected," said Malik. Still, the question remains, why have some countries done better than others? Malik suggests the importance of a proactive developmental state committed to job creation, health, and education.
The conversation shifted to gender equity as moderator Madhulika Sikka, Executive Editor for NPR News, asked panelists to address the pivotal role women play in development. All panelists agreed that the empowerment of women and girls was an essential component in the continued progress of developing countries. Ambassador Masood Khan, Permanent Representative of Pakistan to the U.N., saw the empowerment and education of women as a key factor in why countries such as China, India, and Brazil have made tremendous progress in a short time.
Still, Khan noted that though progress has been made, more must be done, saying "we have to have women empowered at all levels, from the upper echelons of society to the grassroots." Malik underscored the importance of the issue in saying that in tackling poverty and underdevelopment, "the closest thing you can get to a silver bullet is women's education."
While all seemed to be in consensus on gender empowerment, there was no easy answer on finding the appropriate balance between the roles of the public and private sector in development. Sasha Dichter, Chief Innovation Officer at Acumen Fund, saw the private sector as a source of research and development that can lead to public-private partnerships, but public institutions must be receptive. "Once these things grow, they inevitably interact with the public sector, so the environment has to be right," said Dichter. (For Malik, the government's role in development is central — "in the end, national leaders, national institutions have to drive development."
While many questions remain as to the best strategies and policies for maintaining the progress made in human development over the past decades, the importance of the "Global South" in an increasingly interdependent world is undeniable. "In a more connected world, the south continues to need the north and the north now needs the south as well," said Malik.
Reported by Bart Orr
Video: Highlights from the discussion (2 min., 48 sec.)
Watch the complete program
|
<urn:uuid:2a1e9fff-9b76-42e1-8a65-47c1403f752a>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://asiasociety.org/new-york/undp-rising-south-big-story-development-today
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280221.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00232-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.953935
| 666
| 2.34375
| 2
|
It’s Time To Celebrate Women on This International Women’s Day
Tuesday is International Women's Day and a special walk in planned in Sunnyside. The website internationalwomensday.com says "imagine a gender equal world. A world free of bias, stereotypes and discrimination. A world that's diverse, equitable, and inclusive. A world where difference is valued and celebrated. Together we can forge women's equality. Collectively we can all #BreakTheBias."
You can celebrate with other ladies Tuesday in Sunnyside
Tuesday is a day to celebrate women and the achievements they've made in America. Gloria Steinem, world-renowned feminist, journalist and activist says "The story of women's struggle for equality belongs to no single feminist nor to any one organization but to the collective efforts of all who care about human rights." The website says "make International Women's Day your day and do what you can to truly make a positive difference for women."
You are invited to a special walk in Sunnyside Tuesday. The walk is sponsored by Nuestra Casa which helps women immigrants. The walk starts at 9:30 am at 906 E. Edison Ave. in Sunnyside and will continue to Sunnyview Park and then back to the Nuestra Casa offices.
Brunch is available at 11:00 am.
The day is full of history of the women who first demanded equality
The day has a lot of history it was first celebrated in 1911. In 1975 the United Nations declared March 8th to be International Women's Day. That date was chosen, according to the BBC to recognize and commemorate an event in 1917. That's when women from Russia held a strike to demand peace, bread and the right to vote.
You can celebrate women at your office Tuesday
How can you celebrate International Women's Day?
#1 Get your staff involved in the #Breakthebias photo challenge for social media. ...
#2 Host or encourage your staff to attend online panel events. ...
#3 Run a (virtual) coffee morning to honor your female employees. ...
#4 The value of a simple thank-you.
LOOK: The most famous actress born the same year as you
The Cast of 'Friends': Then & Now
|
<urn:uuid:06609d34-0d47-4586-9f2c-e66298eda08c>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://katsfm.com/its-time-to-celebrate-women-on-this-international-womens-day/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571190.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810131127-20220810161127-00079.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.944072
| 476
| 2
| 2
|
Missouri Lakes and Outdoors
Located southeast of Iowa and northeast of Missouri, the Wyaconda River is a 5th order spring. From surveys back in 1988, there were around 45 species of fish in the area which makes this an interesting go to place for fishing enthusiasts.
A great spot to visit Lake Wappapello is at the Lake Wappapello State Park. This picturesque lake is « Continue »
The Current River, located in southeast Missouri, flows southeast out of the Ozarks into nothern « Continue »
|
<urn:uuid:7f5ac12c-8119-4138-9519-c9cd845c00ba>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
http://www.outdoorsmo.com/tag/lewis-county/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817001643-20220817031643-00272.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.952377
| 109
| 1.835938
| 2
|
In a recent professional development course on using Moodle and blended learning, I was asked if students could mark the rubric in Moodle just as a teacher does. My initial response was ‘no.’ However, after thinking about this question, I realized there is a way in Moodle to provide a student with the ability to score his or her own rubric.
The rubric as discussed in previous posts is an advanced grading choice available on Assignments in Moodle When selected as a grading option, only teachers and non-editing teachers have the ability to view the rubric, click on criterion scores and enter comments. However, combining two features of Moodle on a specific assignment will allow a student to “grade” a rubric just as a teacher does in Moodle. These two features are Locally assigned roles and Groups.
This method for allowing students to self-assess on a rubric may sound a little complicated if you have not used groups and reassigned roles and permissions before. However, once you try this, you will see that it is actually very easy to set up. In general, the steps involve the following:
* Create an assignment that will be the “container” for the rubric, select advanced grading for the assignment, and either create the rubric or use an existing rubric template in your course. Be sure to edit the assignment settings for Group mode: Separate and hidden.
*Auto-create groups with only one member in each group. (Set the number of groups to the number of students in your course. It is critical to have each student be in a group in which s/he is the only member. This can be done via the Settings block on the main course page.)
*Open the Assignment that you have created and saved. With the assignment page open, you will see the option of Locally Assigned Roles in the Settings block. Use this option to assign students the role of a Non-editing teacher. Remember, you are only doing this for this specific assignment. Students will not have the role of Non-editing teacher anywhere else in the course.
*With the assignment page still open, be sure to check and change role permissions for the non-editing teacher for this assignment. By default the non-editing teacher role has the permission to Access all groups. For each student to see only his or her rubric this permission must be removed. Remember, removing this permission only applies locally to this individual assignment.
Once you have completed the above steps, each student will be able to access and score the assignment just as a teacher does when grading via a rubric. The screenshot below shows the view of an individual student when accessing the assignment page:
When the student clicks on View assignment grades and feedback, s/he sees the following:
When the student, clicks on the Grade link, s/he will see the ready to be grade rubric:
The above solution is not meant to replace using the Workshop activity in Moodle for self-assessment. It is offered as yet another powerful option for student self-assessment in Moodle. With this method the student uses the identical rubric and grading method the teacher will use. A step-by- step guide of how to work through the setup is provided in the eClass4learning Moodle Reference Desk.
|
<urn:uuid:126966ef-1167-40af-91c2-67d70ab171bc>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://www.eclass4learning.com/student-self-assessment-using-a-rubric-in-moodle/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279169.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00219-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.952584
| 693
| 2.125
| 2
|
This page has links to a collection of publications containing historical information, including tables, about NSW legislation. The documents are static and for historical reference only—they are not updated.
The following documents are available:
- Legislation in Force 1990–2012
- Monthly Acts tables 1990–2011
- Monthly Statutory Instruments tables 1988–2010
- Table of Acts repealed 1986–2012
We are currently working on updating our backcaptured collection to provide access to an expanded collection of scanned legislation. While we complete this work, website links to backcaptured titles (‘paper reprints’) are not available. However, we’re happy to assist by checking if we have a title you want and sending you a PDF if we do have it. Contact us at email@example.com.
- Paper Reprints—Acts 1972–2010
- Paper Reprints—Regulations and Environmental Planning Instruments 1972–2010
Last updated 3 September 2020 at 09:34
|
<urn:uuid:6d000afe-a0c3-49f6-9904-ba76956db9e1>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://legislation.nsw.gov.au/historicalinformation
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573197.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818124424-20220818154424-00672.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.879583
| 214
| 1.507813
| 2
|
People have always told stories to explore what it means to be human. Our department is a supportive community of readers, writers, and scholars contributing to this ever-changing story. Through seminar-style discussion and project-based learning, English majors learn how to analyze texts, think critically, and communicate their knowledge and ideas. Our faculty are active in their fields, publishing their scholarship and creative work; our department brings noteworthy writers to campus for readings, workshops, and conversation. Many of our students take on internships, conduct independent and faculty-mentored research, publish in our university’s literary journal Headwaters, and are active in Asheville’s vibrant writing community.
What You’ll Learn
From antiquity to our contemporary moment, you will study Western and world literature to learn how novelists, poets, playwrights, and literary critics shaped, and were shaped by, our shared cultural and historical contexts. Creative writing students learn how to critique poetry, fiction, drama, and creative non-fiction in a workshop setting, and craft a longer manuscript of their own in their senior year. Our graduates enjoy meaningful careers as teachers, professional writers, journalists, entrepreneurs, and more.
|
<urn:uuid:089b30cd-7d2a-4cf2-8582-f213470ee057>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://english.unca.edu/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00066.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.958342
| 244
| 2.09375
| 2
|
When news of a new patent for airline seating surfaces, the news is often dreadful. Think of the creative and bizarre solutions we've seen for cramming ever more passengers onto a plane. But this one from Airbus isn't so cringe-inducing. It might actually be smart.
A recent patent filing by the aviation giant imagines airliner seating not as the individual bucket seating we're so accustomed to, but as a bench that's more flexible for people of differing sizes. As the patent's pencil drawings illustrate, a bench could accommodate two rather hefty fellows, three people of average size, or a family of four with the two kids sitting inside mom and dad.
This is just a patent, of course, and so like many of them it's a rough idea that may never see the light of day. So we're left to wonder how booking and pricing would work for a bench rather than individual seats. Kudos to Airbus, though, for at least imagining a slightly less dystopian future of flying.
Airbus recently filed a separate patent for under-seat storage. In this scenario, you would store your personal item not under the seat in front of you, but rather under your own seat by lifting up the seat cushion. Sounds like a reasonable idea at first, until you consider that this design would probably reduce legroom even further—and require you to stand up if you suddenly need to get something out of your bag.
|
<urn:uuid:0c2ab4d4-4211-4d7a-8d0f-77739e2e4e99>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://www.popularmechanics.com/flight/news/a19546/airbus-patent-bench-seats/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280410.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00450-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.964269
| 287
| 1.789063
| 2
|
If you are new to dealing with gold, you might be surprised to find out that the price can fluctuate. This might surprise you as gold is certainly nothing new. Often, it is used for investment purposes, as well as in jewelry, electronics, and even dentistry. So what drives the fluctuation? Let’s take a look.
The Central Bank Reserves
Central banks hold both paper currencies and gold. In fact, banks around the world participate in this practice, including those in the US, Greece, Germany, France, and Italy. The reserves created by this affect the cost of gold. As the central banks buy more gold but sell less of it, the price of gold increases around the world. In addition to this, the value of the U.S. dollar is typically inversely related to the price of gold. When the dollar is stronger, the price of gold is lower and more controlled. When the dollar value decreases, however, gold sells for more.
Jewelry and Industrial Demands
The U.S., China, and India are among the largest consumers of gold when it comes to jewelry. In 2010, 54% of the gold on the market was generated by the demand for jewelry. Industrial and medical use for gold generated another 12% of the demand. Why is this important? The basic concept of supply and demand affects the price of gold as well. This is true even during an economic downturn. In fact, when the economy appears uncertain, more investors turn to gold because it will always have at least some value. Gold, as a “safe haven” for investors, helps them to hedge their funds against inflation and deflation as the economy struggles.
Mining for gold has become harder as the world has exhausted the easier-to-access supplies. As the gold is removed from the upper levels of mines, businesses around the world are having to dig even deeper, exposing miners to more hazardous conditions. This means miners have to work harder to find fewer amounts of gold. As a result, gold prices are being driven up.
Gold Appraisal in Salt Lake City
If you are in the Salt Lake City area, it is easy to find out the value of your gold. Our staff provides professional, expert services for all your gold needs. We offer gold appraisal in Salt Lake City at current fair market values. Stop by our store today.
|
<urn:uuid:05787df4-2bb2-4f23-9b0f-89e803d88dc1>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://pawnbrokersexchange.com/why-does-the-price-of-gold-change-so-much/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00479.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.967658
| 492
| 2.328125
| 2
|
Lydia Workman has studied herbalism as a student of the occult. She wrote and edited the Wiccan Church of Canada's newsletter in the past.
Frankincense was one of the first gifts presented to Jesus by the magi in the bible where it is the most commonly mentioned fragrance. Historically, it was considered a precious material. This made it an appropriate gift for a king! It originated in the Arabian Peninsula and has been cultivated for more than 5000 years. Also known as olibanum, it is created from the resinous sap of the Boswellia carterii or Boswellia Sacara tree. Somalia is where this tree commonly grows with in dry conditions. The sap is taken from the tree in a process using special knives and is left to dry in the sun.
Frankincense is generally burned as an incense, but the essential oil has notable advantages. Created through the process of steam distillation. This oil has a sweet, fresh scent in comparison to the resin.
Frankincense has been used in many spiritual traditions. It can help improve your connection to the divine. It has a complex aroma. Many people have longed to acquire it since ancient times.
Frankincense for Emotional Well Being
Aromatherapy is gaining popularity these days. Few things are as uplifting as a fresh scent. Essential oils trigger a pleasant mental response allowing positive feelings to emerge. Frankincense is a terrific fragrance to improve our emotional state when we feel low. Use it if you are experiencing depression!
Frankincense can navigate us through the transition of loss and assist us in overcoming despair. It's rich, warm scent is a helpful choice when you are experiencing extreme stress and wish to get out of that state. You can rub frankincense essential oil on your feet for a stress relieving massage. It can also be used in a bath. Simply put some drops on Epsom salts to use in your bath.
It also helps with alleviating feelings of anger and fear. No need to exert yourself punching pillows on your bed when life gets you frustrated! Frankincense can get you past those states. Diffuse it in a vaporizer or put a few drops in boiling hot water to inhale the steam to lift to your mood.
While frankincense is uplifting, it can also be grounding. Use it if your life has assumed a frenetic pace. It can also be a useful oil to use when you wish to engage in creative visualization.
Sedating qualities make it a good oil to use prior to going to bed at night. What a great way to relax energetic children who need to settle down for a nap! This fragrance can be spritzed onto your bed linens or diffused at bedtime. A more restful sleep couldn't be imagined!
Why Select Frankincense Essential Oil?
- It helps ground and uplift your emotional state.
- It enhances your beauty regimen with it's skin firming properties.
- It is used in various sacred practices to connect to the spiritual.
- It can be used to promote faster healing of wounds
Spiritual Uses in Different Cultures
Various cultures have used Frankincense as part of their religious activities. Babylonians and Assyrians burned frankincense as part of their religious ceremonies. Frankincense is mentioned in various religious texts including The Talmud. The Sanskrit name is dhoop. It is most frequently burned in the form of a resin over hot coals. When you are engaged in prayer or meditating, the scent of frankincense may put you into a spiritual mindset. Egyptians used frankincense in the embalming process.
Magickal Uses for Frankincense
Frankincense is a good offering to any Sun God. In fact, it is the most frequently used offering to any of the gods. It's high energy vibration makes it useful for removing negativity from a room, body, or aura. It wards off bad intentions. Frequently it is used for purification and exorcism. You can use frankincense to cleanse a space prior to a ritual. It can be mixed with other herbs to increase their power.
Many people practicing magick burn the resin on charcoal disks, but a growing number of people dislike smoke. Using essential oils in a diffuser in a ritual setting can be a great alternative. It is possible to also drop the essential oil on other herbs you are burning if you are using self igniting charcoal. The oil on it's own on charcoal tends to burn up rapidly making it unsuitable burnt on it's own.
Read More From Remedygrove
It makes a terrific oil to use in rite of passage ceremonies. We all feel a sense of despair and loss when we are growing into a new phase in our lives. When we are ready to move forward and become new people frankincense can make that process easier.
Use frankincense in rituals to help open the 3rd eye and aid in concentration skills. When you open your 3rd eye you will have increased intuition and intellectual abilities. It is located just above your eyebrows in the center of your forehead. When we have a balanced 3rd eye our memory is enhanced, common sense is in order, and spiritual insight is strong. If our 3rd eye is out of balance we may be judgmental and less in touch with our intellectual abilities. Frankincense may facilitate the process of opening the 3rd eye in a powerful way. Simply dab the essential oil on your forehead to assist you.
Frankincense Essential Oil for Beauty
Historically frankincense was well known for it's beautifying properties. Kohl eyeliner is created with charred frankincense which has been ground into a powder. It is a material essential to the development of cosmetics.
Frankincense is a wonderful treatment for dry skin and an effective toner. Purchase it for an exciting change to your beauty regime. Cleopatra used frankincense essential oil to beautify her own complexion! Why shouldn't you?
It works wonders at reversing the signs of aging. You can add the essential oil to your regular moisturizer. The astringent properties this oil has helps reduce the appearance of wrinkles. Use it to eliminate sun spots by adding it to your hand cream!
It can speed the healing of blemishes. The undiluted oil is all you need. Just apply it directly to the pimple with a cotton ball. The anti-bacterial qualities of frankincense kill the germs responsible for causing acne in the first place.
Any sort of scar or stretch mark may be made less visible with the help of frankincense essential oil. It is known to promote cellular health. It has cytophylactic properties which stimulate cell regeneration.
Frankincense Health Benefits
Historically, people thought that frankincense was useful for getting rid of evil spirits. Before medical science these spirits were thought to be the cause of physical illness. Both famous resins, frankincense and myrrh, were used historically for medicinal purposes. There are actual health benefits which these resins have which may have been the inspiration behind their use in exorcism rituals. The smoke from burning the resin in itself is known to be good at disinfecting a room.
Frankincense is edible. It can be chewed like a gum, but you are probably safer using the essential oil topically. You may wish to have frankincense essential diffused in your home during cold or flu season to get rid of lingering germs. It is good for soothing a cough and eliminating phlegm. It can provide relief for other lung complaints like bronchitis. The breathing passages can be relaxed with this age old fragrance. It's also well known as an immune system booster. A great way to use frankincense essential oil is to rub it on your chest after mixing it with a carrier oil.
Frankincense essential oil has been used by some as a pain killer for rheumatoid arthritis. It possesses strong anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. It helps prevent the breakdown of cartilage. If you suffer from arthritis you may be interested in trying it out. Simply massage it onto to the afflicted area with a good carrier oil. It can only be a positive experience!
Frankincense not only beautifies the skin, but also aids in the overall healing process in general. Ayurvedic practitioners use it to speed the healing of wounds. It is a very soothing oil and applying a little bit of it may help prevent developing tetanus. It will also help protect your wounds from becoming infected while eliminating the chances of ugly scars sticking around.
Sources with Health Benefit Information
- Frankincense (乳香 Rǔ Xiāng; Boswellia Species): From the Selection of Traditional Applications to the
- Do an allergy test on your arm to determine if your skin is sensitive to this oil
- Extensive use may make your skin sensitive
- Keep out of ears, eyes, and nose
- Use as recommended by the manufacturer
- Safe to use on children
This content is accurate and true to the best of the author’s knowledge and does not substitute for diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, prescription, and/or dietary advice from a licensed health professional. Drugs, supplements, and natural remedies may have dangerous side effects. If pregnant or nursing, consult with a qualified provider on an individual basis. Seek immediate help if you are experiencing a medical emergency.
Lydia Workman (author) from Canada on February 28, 2018:
Thank you so much for reading, Dora Weithers!
CaribTales on February 28, 2018:
Thanks for sharing information on the therapeutic value, the many uses and benefits of frankincense. This is outstanding: "It possesses strong anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties." Good to know.
|
<urn:uuid:64214077-1fca-480b-9fda-60863974a0ae>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://remedygrove.com/traditional/Uses-For-Frankincense-Essential-Oil
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570871.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808183040-20220808213040-00273.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.945667
| 2,035
| 2.328125
| 2
|
The preliminary sales contract when buying a property in Dordogne
Key stage in the legal process when buying a property in Dordogne, the signing of the sale contract (or purchase contract) allows the seller and you to demonstrate your respective commitments. Although legally this step is not compulsory, it is in practice implemented nearly automatically. There are few vendors who will be willing to continue to deal with you without this contract. Indeed, a preliminary sales contract clearly secures the transaction.
This key document summaries everything previously agreed between the seller and you. Signed by both parties, this contract must forecast, in as much detail as possible, what will be the final deed of sale. Two types of property purchase contract can be put in place. You can set up a unilateral promise to sell or a preliminary sales agreement. Both commit the vendor and you in different ways.
The role of the preliminary sales contract
When buying a property in Dordogne, the seller and you must progress through multiple agreements and acts. After negotiating the terms of the sale, the agreement must be set in a preliminary contract. The role of this document is to establish a genuine legal link between the two parties. Therefore, it must contain all the necessary information which will be included in the final act.
The aim of a preliminary sales contract is to conclusively link the two parties. It also allows the three parties involved (the vendor, the Notaire and you) to take the time to perform the respective tasks they must fulfil to permanently seal the transfer of ownership. The Notaire must collect the many documents and information necessary for the transaction. On his side, the vendor will organise his move from the property sold. For you, this period allows you to take the time to research and find a mortgage to buy the property.
The unilateral promise to sell
The seller commits to sell you his property at the price indicated at the time of the acceptance of your offer to purchase. He also undertakes to reserve the property for you for a set period called the “option period”. The contract must mention the time of this period. It usually varies between two and four months. During this period, the vendor cannot sell his property to another person, even if he receives a more advantageous offer. As a buyer, you also sign this contract. However, your signature does not yet commit you. Indeed, you simply acknowledge the promise to sell.
Deposit to be paid by the buyer
In return for reserving the property for this option period, you must pay a deposit, called “holding fee”. This amount is generally equal to 10% of the amount of the transaction. However, it is possible to plan for a lower amount, especially when the price of the property is high. It is preferable to always negotiate this fee as low as possible as you never know what may happen later. Indeed, you may meet an unexpected external factor.
This payment must be made upon the signing of this promise to sell. You will have to transfer the total amount of this fee to an account belonging to the Notaire. At this stage, the vendor does not receive any money. If you decide to exercise the option, that is definitely committing to the purchase. Otherwise, if you decide not to continue the transaction, three options are available.
You decide to give up for personal reasons within the legal withdrawal time-frame given to the buyer. This time-frame is 10 days. This delay starts from the day following the receipt of the registered letter. The aim of this letter is to notify you of the signature of the contract. In this case you get back the whole of your holding fee. You do not owe the vendor anything and he can put his property for sale in Dordogne back on the market.
For personal reasons, you decide to give up after the legal withdrawal time-frame of 10 days. The holding fee remains with the vendor. The French Law considers it as damages for the seller for reserving his house in Dordogne.
You give up on the purchase after the legal withdrawal period of 10 days. This cancellations results of the non-completion of one of the suspensive conditions. For example, you did not get the funding needed for the purchase. In this case, you recover the holding fee that you paid in its entirety. You are acting legally; the vendor has no claim against you.
Commitments of both parties
You are slightly committed because of the mandatory payment of the holding fee. Nevertheless, you may withdrawal within 10 days of receiving the registered letter notifying you of the signature. This withdrawal must be notified to the vendor by signed-for registered letter. After the 10 days, only the non-completion of a suspensive clause will allow you to withdraw without facing financial penalties.
The vendor, meanwhile, is fully committed. He cannot cancel the sale and he gives you an option on his property. It means that he is no longer allowed to offer his property to another buyer during the period mentioned in the contract.
The preliminary sales agreement
The preliminary sales agreement is a contract different from the unilateral promise to sell. Indeed, it commits the two parties. The vendor agrees to sell his property in Dordogne at a set price. As the buyer, you commit to buy it. This compromise equals a sale. A clause in this contract delays the effects of the sale to the signature of the deed of sale.
Deposit to be paid by the buyer
Like for a unilateral promise to sell, the seller will ask you to pay a deposit to confirm your commitment. This deposit is generally between 5 and 10% of the value of the property. You will need to pay this amount after the signature of the contract. This signature will intervene at the expiry of your legal withdrawal deadline of 10 days. As the buyer, you will have to transfer this sum directly to the Notaire and not to the vendor.
You can also complete the preliminary sales agreement by private deed with the vendor. In this case, choosing a Notaire to entrust him with the money is a wise decision. Indeed, it is better to transfer the money to the Notaire rather than directly pay to the vendor. This solution provides a guarantee for the seller and you. The seller is reassured that you are serious. On your side, you know that your deposit will be retained by the Notaire until the conclusion of the sale. At the time of the signature of the deed of sale, the seller will collect the deposit. It will, of course, be deducted from the remaining amount you must pay.
Commitments of both parties
You have a legal period of 10 days after signing the preliminary sales agreement to decide to cancel your purchase. Just notify the seller by signed-for registered letter. You do not have to justify your decision. Also, the vendor cannot claim any payment of compensation against you. Potentially, the deposit will not have been paid before the expiry of that time limit. But if it was the case, you retrieve your down-payment in full.
Your situation is different if you decide to cancel the transaction after the expiry of your legal withdrawal period. You will be, in this case, contractually committed toward the seller. A penal clause in the contract mentions that the vendor has the right to keep your deposit.
However, the preliminary sales agreement often links the conclusion of the sale to certain conditions, called “suspensive conditions”. For example, you obtain a mortgage or the authorisation from the local Council to perform specific work. When the sales agreement mentions such conditions, their non-completion automatically renders the contract null and void. Both parties are therefore free of any commitment. The seller cannot claim anything against you. You retrieve your deposit in full.
On his side, the vendor can no longer withdraw. He must sell you its property if you do not retract. The Cour de Cassation (Supreme Court) considers that by signing this contract, the seller consents to the sale. So, a withdrawal by the seller from his commitment results in the payment of damages and interest for you.
Elements to be included in the contract
The preliminary contract must include many elements in order to be legally valid. Regardless of the type of contract in place, the list of elements remains the same.
The identity of the two parties, their details and their marital status
The complete address of the property in Dordogne and its type
The origin of the house (date of the previous deed of sale and name of the previous owner)
The detailed description of the house, its equipment and its potential outbuildings
The existence (or not) of a mortgage
The complete file containing the property surveys
The documents and information specific to the condominium (only for the apartments concerned)
In the case of the file related to the property surveys has not been provided. Add a clause indicating that you will benefit from a new withdrawal period on receipt of these surveys
You can also add a suspensive clause in the case of detection of a defect in the surveys
The amount of the fees due to professional(s) in Dordogne linked with the sale (estate agents, Notaire)
The selling price and the payment terms (with or without a mortgage)
If applicable, the characteristics of the mortgage that you plan to put in place (duration, rate)
The validity date of the preliminary contract and deadline for the signing of the final deed of sale
The date of availability of the house
The suspensive clauses
In fact, we previously mentioned suspensive clauses, but what are they? A suspensive clause suspends the execution of a contract until the completion of the event. If the expected event does not occur, you are legally free to cancel the contract. If the event occurs, nothing can stop the contract from going ahead. Among these conditions, the most important one relates to your obtention of a mortgage. If you buy with the help of a mortgage, you automatically benefit from this condition. It allows you to only buy if you find your mortgage within a certain period. Generally, a period of 60 days is allowed to you to get a mortgage offer from a bank in Dordogne. In other words, you will have about two months to obtain your finance and tell the vendor.
Property surveys related to the contract
Few years ago, to improve the transparency of the real estate transaction, the Government has decided to modify the Law. Now the seller is under obligation to provide you with various property surveys grouped together in a single file. You can then, before you fully commit to buy, be more informed on some aspects of the house. The preliminary contract must now include this file.
Providing these property surveys does not lead the vendor to carry out any work. If one of the documents reveals a problem, it is better to confirm in writing in the preliminary contract which one of the parties will assume the consequences.
Be aware that, in the event of a problem with one of these property survey, you will always have the option to withdraw without being accountable to the seller. The list of documents to be provided to a buyer by the vendor gets longer every year. In 2017, there is a total of nine property surveys, ten if purchasing a condominium apartment!
Report on the risk of lead exposure
Status relating to the presence of asbestos
Status relating to the presence of termites
The condition regarding natural and technological risks.
The property survey relating to the energy performance of the French property
The property survey relating to the presence or not of dry rot
The condition of the interior gas installation
The condition of the interior electricity installation
A document relating to the private sanitation
A professional must carry out these property surveys. The seller risks a fine of €1,500 in case he cannot provide you with these surveys. As said previously, the results of these property surveys do not force the vendor to carry out any work. They are only there to provide you with better information, even if one of the property surveys indicates the gas or electric installation seems dangerous. Nevertheless, the Mayor or the local Prefect can force the seller to perform the necessary work in the case of lead or termites. This is the list and the validity of the property surveys that the seller will provide you. Do not forget to study each property survey passed on to you. Also, insert additional withdrawal clauses in the preliminary contract if you have any doubts.
Make your purchase hassle-free
Oops! We could not locate your form.
SHORTLIST & VIEWINGS ORGANISED
Get more choice, skip defective & overpriced properties
PROTECT YOUR LEGAL INTERESTS
Sign buyer friendly legal documents, translations
THE EXTRA MILE
Utilities contract setup, property cleaning, pool maintenance, rentals management
|
<urn:uuid:db08c37a-0a6a-4809-a745-f9eddc7e08d8>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://www.dordogne-property-connection.com/preliminary-sales-contract/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00069.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.946427
| 2,628
| 1.539063
| 2
|
If you understand somebody that possesses a pond, opportunities are they maintain a number of Koi to lighten it up.
Koi fish are actually several of one of the most typical, popular fish to inhibit exterior yard fish ponds.
In Japan where they were actually 1st multiplied, they are actually very valued and are actually also the major targets of lots of misconceptions and art work.
Although they are actually straight associated with fish, it would certainly be actually a major blunder to suppose that they possess the very same amount of care. These fish can never ever stay in a receptacle, they require an exterior pond.
Do you assume you prepare to open your pond to a couple of Koi? Read on find the most effective feasible method to maintain these lovely, long-living carp.
Koi Fish Facts & Overview
|Color Form:||Typically white colored or even silver along with reddish, gold or even orange taggings|
|Minimum Tank Size:||250 quarts|
|Tank Set-Up:||Heavily grown exterior water yard|
|Compatibility:||Other carp, activity fish, and frogs|
Koi fish are actually decorative varieties of the typical carp (Cyprinus carpio). They come from the family Cyprinidae, that includes all carps and minnows.
The phrase Koi originates from the Japanese phrase for carp.
Keeping and reproduction Koi started in 19th century Japan when planters maintained multicolored samplings of the indigenous carp in their rice yards.
Now the maintaining and multiplying of these fish is actually a prevalent and profitable field.
Unfortunately, the recognition of these lovely fish has actually led all of them to become invasive in waters all around the globe.
In bush, typical carp merely reside for approximately twenty years as a result of. But slave Koi may measure up to half a century if they are actually taken care of correctly.
Common selections discovered in a lot of garden pools could be bought from pond and fish tank vendors for anywhere in between $fifty and $80.
Special selections should be actually bought from a dog breeder – these could be really costly, varying coming from as reduced as $200 to as higher as $thousand+.
Koi are actually really serene fish that is going to connect along with the others in their university while leaving behind that beyond their university alone.
They kind institutions of anywhere in between 5 and 15 people and will definitely pullulate wonderfully collaborated developments.
Koi will definitely check out every amount of your pond. They will definitely dive and dart along the surface area and mid degrees and forage for healthy foods near the bottom.
In cooler temps, they will definitely home at the much deeper degrees of your pond.
They are actually really energetic and free-swimming fish that is going to exhibit their lively different colors at every chance.
Koi fish possess an instead exciting method of seeking for meals.
When seeking, they will definitely scoop out and tunnel in to the debris to root out vegetations and chomp on yummy seeds.
They consume like a suction, consuming significant mouthfuls of meals and removing the gunk and dirt.
This is actually an instead unique eating method that creates all of them a primary bug to freshwater ecological communities.
Koi fish may get to sizes of up to 3 feet – they are just one of the biggest cyprinids and among the biggest fish typically inhibited garden pools.
They commonly possess 2 barbels on each edges of the mandible and possess a rounded nose and a toothless mandible for consuming mouthfuls of victim.
Females are actually much larger and possess rounder physical bodies than guys. Typically, their fins need and pivoted, along with lobed back fins. However, particular arrays are actually multiplied for their lengthy routing fins.
These lovely fish been available in striking different colors. They are actually usually white colored or even silver, along with rainbowlike incrustations and multicolored locations and taggings.
These taggings could be reddish, gold, orange, dark, or perhaps rich blue.
Their particular colour and taggings relying on the style.
Butterfly Koi Fish
Butterfly Koi (additionally referred to as Dragon Koi) are actually called after their lengthy pectoral and back fins. They are actually very valued and beneficial to caretakers.
This range could be discovered in some of the regular colour types and is actually merely separated coming from others due to the size of its own fins.
Japanese Koi Fish
These are actually one of the most typical Koi that you will definitely view in a lot of pools and water yards.
Kohaku Japanese Koi are actually white colored along with orange/red taggings. They are actually looked at the typical range.
Tancho Koi are actually Kohaku Koi along with a solitary reddish location on the peak of the director.
Dragon Koi Fish
The monster may describe 2 various sort of Koi. More usually, it’s only one more phrase for the Butterfly Koi.
The Kumonryu version is actually additionally pertained to as a Dragon Fish. This is actually a white and black fish along with taggings that modify relying on the times.
Black and White Koi Fish
Shiro Utsui fish are actually white colored along with dark stains and taggings. Some possess a split-head style along with white colored cheek by jowl of the head and dark on the various other.
Matsuba Koi could be white and black also, however may additionally possess dark taggings over a reddish or even gold physical body.
Gold Koi Fish
Ogon is actually a strongly valued one-color range. An Ogon fish is actually completely sterling silver, orange or even gold.
Typical Koi along with gold taggings over white colored physical bodies are actually named Ki. Kinrin fish possess lovely ranges that shimmer like gold pieces.
Habitat and Pond Conditions
The Koi’s untamed version, the common carp, is actually belonging to Europe and Asia.
They stay in ponds, pools, and flows along with sloppy bases and very little circulation. It is actually discovered in both warm and exotic locations and favors water temps over 70°F.
It is actually very most energetic in the dimly-hit hrs at sundown and sunrise however will definitely dive and seek in the course of all hrs of the time.
Replicating these ailments in your pond is actually certainly not an uphill struggle.
Koi Fish Pond Setup
Your yard pond need to keep temps in between 74-86°F throughout the year. In the wintertime, a heating unit will definitely be actually needed to have to stop any type of icy.
Water circulation is actually certainly not important, however the fish is going to be actually only great if you opt for to include a tiny flow or even falls to your pond.
The pH of your pond need to be actually maintained in between 6-9. You may utilize crushed limestone in your water may assist to keep your pH.
Your pond need to be actually produced coming from concrete, along with a rubber cellular lining and sloppy base substratum.
The absolute best configuration for Koi is actually a beautiful outdoor water garden, comprehensive along with non-invasive vegetations that will definitely certainly not wreck your all-natural community.
The finest vegetations for a water yard consists of:
- water hyacinth
- water lilies
- drifting pondweed
- duckweed, and a lot more
Many caretakers vegetation willows and various other shaded, routing plants around their water yard. This assists to supply additional cover and pay for your fish.
What Size Pond Do Koi Need?
Koi require at the very least 250 quarts of water. A college of sizable Koi is going to call for as much as 1,000 quarts.
Your pond needs to possess a minimal deepness of at the very least 6 feets and feature both superficial and much deeper locations.
The general rule along with these fish is actually to maintain 10 quarts of water for every single in of totally developed Koi.
This indicates 250 quarts of water for one grown-up fish.
In bush, these fish stay and many more carp varieties. They may additionally be actually discovered together with much smaller Minnows and Killifish.
They are actually discovered in pond and flows that possess sizable activity fish like Catfish, Perch, and Bass.
Koi are actually really serene fish that is going to certainly not pester or even take advantage of the various other fish in your pond, therefore there are actually very a ton of alternatives for equipping.
Goldfish are actually one of the very most well-liked pond friend selections. They are actually identical in colour and appeal and appear lovely when they dive together with each other.
Grass carp work as terrific receptacle friends and all-natural trimming units for your pond – they possess a substantial hunger for greenery and will definitely assist to bring down any type of vegetations that may be outgrowing management.
Sunfish carry out extremely well together with all sort of carp – Redear sunfish are actually an especially well-liked selection for equipping a carp pond.
Other great pond friends feature Catfish, largemouth bass and candy striped bass. Be knowledgeable that the greater activity fish will definitely call for a much larger pond dimension.
Amphibians (specifically Frogs) create the most effective non-fish pond friends. You may encourage the local Frogs, Salamanders, and Newts to stop by for a browse through.
It is actually finest to entice toads typically to your pond, as opposed to to equip your pond along with toads.
Frogs coming from pet dog outlets or even various other pools might be actually bring microbial diseases that may infect your fish.
You need to steer clear of maintaining bluegill along with any type of type of Carp. Bluegill and Carp are actually all-natural competitors and they could be really harmful to your yard when contending for meals and sources.
Small Cyprinids categorized as nano fish need to be actually stayed away from also. These fish are actually usually really troubled in the visibility of sizable container friends.
Keeping Koi Fish Together
Koi go to their finest when they remain in a team. They need to be actually inhibited institutions of at the very least 5, and in much larger pools, you may maintain to 15 people.
Koi are actually at risk to a catastrophic herpesvirus. Koi herpesvirus, or even KHV, is actually a transmittable infection that has an effect on all selections of the typical carp.
Once a fish has actually been actually corrupted, there is actually an 80 percent chance that it is going to pass away coming from the disease.
Death happens as swiftly as a time or 2 and any type of fish that make it through the disease ended up being long-lasting companies that may contaminate various other carp in the pond.
Symptoms of KHV feature breathing trouble, caved-in eyes, and reddish and white colored sores at the gills. In lots of instances, the entire populace needs to be actually euthanized the moment one fish is actually corrupted.
KHV could be protected against through properly examining the health and wellness of any type of brand new carp that you offer to your pond. New fish needs to be actually sequestered for as much as 2 full weeks prior to you position all of them in your pond.
Other illnesses and bloodsuckers that have an effect on Koi fish feature fish lice, ich, and ulcerative illness that have an effect on fish and various other carp.
Watch for unpredictable or even unskillful going swimming, sleepiness, or even breathing trouble. Your fish is going to swallow at the sky if it is actually possessing difficulty breathing.
You need to cleanse the pond and inspect your filter every 2 to 4 full weeks.
Once you possess your tip theoretically, you may after that summarize the location of the pond. You need to additionally summarize the spots where cornerstones like the purification device, skimmer and falls or even various other vital components will definitely be actually positioned.
Dig the Pond
With every thing summarized, you may currently begin digging deep into the pond.
It is actually really necessary that you include various rates and racks to the pond (displayed in account) as various vegetations will definitely utilize various locations and midsts of the pond. The floor of the pond need to at the very least 5 feets deep-seated (150CM).
Dig the Trenches
A trough is going to require to become sought the plumbing system coming from the pond to the outside filter and/or falls. Pond skimmers will definitely require submerging at the right amount next to the pond.
Should you opt for to utilize a skimmer, probe a trough to the outside pond pump and coming from the pump to the outside pond filter and/or falls. If you utilize a completely submersible pump for the skimmer after that the trough will definitely go coming from the skimmer to the waterfall/filter.
Install Bottom Drainage
Bottom drain is actually made use of to clear away fish misuse coming from all-time low of the pond – possessing one will definitely spare you opportunity as there will definitely be actually much less upkeep needed to have.
Dig a gap in the facility of the inmost segment of the pond where the drainpipe will definitely rest. The base segment needs to be actually pivoted and bowled to permit gravitational force to carry out the job of relocating the misuse in the direction of the drainpipe.
Then dig a trough to house the flex pipeline that links the drainpipe to the whirlwind and resolution container. After placing these elements, back pack the gap and trough along with gunk leaving behind merely the consumption revealed.
Step 3: Lining and Edging Pond
Underlaying the Pond
Now you require to suit padding to the pond.
Cut some pond padding to the right dimension making use of either pointy scisserses or even a container cutter machine and set it standard all over all-time low and edges of the pond. Make certain to reduce an “X” in to the padding where all-time low drain is actually.
Lining the Pond
Once the padding has actually been actually matched, you require to edge the pond.
Place the lining at the center of the pond and properly unfold it, ensuring certainly not to wreck it.
Unfold everything the escape to deal with the pond (as displayed in account).
Connecting the Bottom Drain and Skimmer
After seeing to it that you possess good enough lining to deal with all-time low and edge of the pond, reduced an “X” in to all-time low of the lining over where all-time low drainpipe is actually.
Once this is actually performed, ensure the drainpipe and the lining are actually tidy and dry out prior to gluing all of them all together and clearing away any type of furrows. Then you will definitely require to ruck up the best segment of the drainpipe down fifty percent which is actually sticking out coming from the pond to create a strict tape and stop any type of leakages.
After this is actually comprehensive there will definitely be actually 4 tiny triangulars of excess lining within the drainpipe where the “X” has actually been actually reduced, these will definitely require removing to permit water and clutter to pass properly with all-time low drainpipe.
For the skimmer, observe the producer’s directions and position the piping in the right placement, seeing to it to leave behind a number of extra ins to enable the hookup to become produced.
Edging the Pond
The product you decide on for this is actually completely as much as you, our company encourage sizable stones as it includes an even more all-natural sense to the pond – blocks or even floor tiles usually tend to provide it an even more modern-day appeal.
Add the product around the side of the pond to keep the lining in position, after that glue all of them in position.
Step 4: Finishing the Pond (Plants and Fish)
Adding Water and Bacteria
Fill the pond to the right elevation and include water hair conditioner to de-chlorinate the water.
Starter microorganisms could be bought and need to be actually included in the water along with the filter (this need to currently be actually switched on alongside any type of pumps).
You need to additionally include a heating unit to the pond and switch it on. Allow the temp to maintain around 59-77°F.
Planting the Pond
The following tromp the checklist is actually planting your pond.
Add each of your picked vegetations to the pond and position all of them on their equivalent tiers/levels and ready where they will definitely acquire their right volume of illumination.
Allow opportunity for both the microorganisms and vegetations to create on their own initially prior to incorporating any type of fish. We locate that rapid increasing vegetations operate better in Koi pools where the fish will definitely consume the vegetations if starving.
You may read through the segment listed below for some vegetation tips.
Check Water Parameters
Keep an exam set available and conduct each of the pertinent examinations to be sure the nitrogen cycle has actually ended up. This need to certainly not take as long if you include microorganisms before you start.
You will definitely see the alkali and nitrite degrees increasing prior to getting back up to no – this suggests your pond awaits fish.
The pattern may take anywhere coming from 2 to 8 full weeks.
Be certain to adapt all of them prior to putting all of them in the pond. This could be performed through drifting the bags on the pond’s surface area for regarding half an hour.
Then include a mug of pond water the moment every 5 moments for the observing 20-30 moments.
Now, carefully put the fish coming from the bag in to a web over a container and include all of them to the pond. Do certainly not include the water coming from the bag to the pond – only take care of it.
Koi Pond Ideas And Designs
- Water Lettuce: This is actually a free-floating varieties which appears like a Lettuce or even Cabbage. It remains on the surface area of the water and possesses an origin device which dangles under the vegetation in the water pillar. These vegetations will definitely supply the Koi along with each color coming from the sunshine and a refuge to conceal.
- Water Lily: The leaves behind of the vegetation remain on the surface area of the water and may additionally create various displayed blossoms. The vegetation needs to be actually plants in pots and positioned at the end of the pond and the shoots are going to inevitably develop to get to the surface area. The leaves behind will definitely supply vital pay for your Koi which is going to create all of them believe secure.
- American Waterweed: Also referred to as Elodea, this vegetation performs finest in bright locations of the pond. It is actually a completely immersed varieties except tiny white colored blossoms which flower at the water’s surface area. This varieties additionally delivers the suitable site for Koi egg imposing.
- Fanwort: Just like Elodea, this vegetation additionally needs straight sunshine and increases very rapid. It is actually identical in appeal to Hornwort. The darker eco-friendly contains branch out in to slim needle-like fallen leaves. This vegetation is actually additionally the best environment for the Koi to place their eggs.
Koi Pond Supplies
Filters are actually needed to have to clear away gunk along with vegetation and fish misuse coming from the water. However, the major job of the filter is actually the media which delivers surface area a location for beneficial bacteria to grow.
The water which travels through the filter maintains these microorganisms properly aerated. Some of the microorganisms participate in a vital job in the sale of alkali to nitrites which are actually after that developed into nitrates through a various type of microorganisms.
These nitrates are actually after that taken in through vegetations which accomplish the nitrogen pattern.
There are actually 3 forms of filter units ideal for pools which are actually gravitational force yield filters, pressurised filters and gravitational force feed filters. Each one functions in a different way and the one you utilize depends upon the configuration you opt for. Canister filters may additionally operate properly for tiny, reared, in the house pools.
There are actually 2 various forms of pumps that could be made use of in a pond device. The initially in a sky pump which has actually tubes hooked up to it along with a sky rock which need to be actually injected the water.
This pump delivers oygenation to the pond and will definitely boost the amount of dissolved oxygen which is actually important for the breathing of both vegetations and fish.
The 2nd form of pump is actually a water pump. This kind takes water coming from one point of the pond to a function like a falls or even flow and as a result makes a constant water circulation and offers the pond an even more all-natural sense.
Water circulation, whilst certainly not vital for breathing, allows water skip the gills of fish a lot more conveniently and as a result assists the procedure.
There are actually a number of various kinds which are actually completely submersible, outside, water fountain, solar energy, magnetic disk, clutter dealing with and sculpture. Each pump possesses its own various requirements each on package and their explanation online. These may assist you determine the correct pump for the pond.
A pond heating system is actually a heating unit which warms up the water of the pond to the regulated temperature which when it comes to Koi need to be actually in between 55-77°F.
Temperature is actually very necessary within tank farming given that fish are actually ectotherms which indicates they can’t manage their very own physical body temp.
This may as a result affect their development and health and wellness.
The 3 very most well-liked heating systems which operate properly for Koi pools are actually deicers, inline power hot water heater and gas-fired combi boilers.
Which one you opt for will definitely rely the dimension of the pond and your finances. Aquarium heating systems will definitely additionally operate properly for tiny in the house pools.
Koi maintaining has actually been actually well-liked for centuries and is actually still prospering today.
Depending on the volume of loan you invest, there are actually a couple of various alternatives you may decide on.
There are actually much cheaper alternatives like pond packages which could be both reared over ground amount or even explored the ground. These packages possess most of the vital devices – nevertheless they carry out call for additional upkeep.
Building your very own pond allows you make your very own little bit of cut of heaven through which to house and multiply your Koi.
As properly as Koi you may additionally maintain various varieties of fish like Plecostomus which will definitely additionally assist the Koi to maintain your pond tidy and control algae.
What form of pond will you decide on for your Koi? Let our company understand in the reviews segment listed below…
|
<urn:uuid:6506686e-a5ed-4905-a676-5b6eb7a81687>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://www.gillsfish.com/koi-pond-2/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00467.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.95217
| 4,975
| 2.078125
| 2
|
Eieisai Kôshi, with kao 永々子光祗（花押）
By 1911, purchased by William Sturgis Bigelow (b. 1850 - d. 1926), Boston [see note 1]; 1911, gift of Bigelow to the MFA. (Accession Date: August 3, 1911) NOTES: Much of Bigelow's collection of Asian art was formed during his residence in Japan between 1882 and 1889, although he also made acquisitions in Europe and the United States. Bigelow deposited many of these objects at the MFA in 1890 before donating them to the Museum's collection at later dates.
William Sturgis Bigelow Collection
Japanese, Meiji era, Late 19th century
- Eieisai Kôshi, Japanese
Overall: 8.7 x 5.5 x 2 cm (3 7/16 x 2 3/16 x 13/16 in.)
Medium or Technique
Gold kinji lacquer ground; decoration in gold and aokin hiramaki-e and takamaki-e with shibuichi dewdrops; compartments and risers gold Gyobu nashiji; shoulders and rims gold fundame
|
<urn:uuid:4394b2ec-467e-458d-aeab-0e2985af595b>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://educators.mfa.org/asia-africa/four-case-inro-design-peony-chrysanthemum-wisteria-cherry-lily-16909
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280900.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00004-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.915531
| 267
| 1.96875
| 2
|
Start a 10-Day Free Trial to Unlock the Full Review
Why Lesson Planet?
Find quality lesson planning resources, fast!
Share & remix collections to collaborate.
Organize your curriculum with collections. Easy!
Have time to be more creative & energetic with your students!
Students discuss the themes in the documentary In Search of Al Qaeda. following a class discussion, they write responses to the statement, Information about Al Qaeda will never be completely accurate.
3 Views 1 Download
|
<urn:uuid:00852bec-6776-4518-af69-74de500ea004>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
https://www.lessonplanet.com/teachers/social-studies-in-search-of-al-qaeda
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281151.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00114-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.850615
| 99
| 3.03125
| 3
|
Seminar paper from the year 2004 in the subject American Studies - Literature, grade: 1, University of Potsdam, 30 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: 'By ten- forty-five, it was all over. The town was occupied, the defenders defeated, and the war finished' and 'Invasion had come to the town of Adano.' these are the opening lines of John Steinbeck's novel The Moon is Down and John Hersey's A Bell for Adano. Although the first merely describes, what could happen when an invading army proclaims 'mission accomplished' prematurely because of undemocratic and inhumane oppression and the second focuses on a humanistic approach towards invasion from a more democratic point of view, both can be considered novels of war propaganda. This is at least what is claimed by many of the reviews. Indeed the historical and biographical background refers to a time, where it was very likely that literature was used for war propaganda. This could open on the one hand the possibility to compare both works on the basis of influencing 'America's mind'. On the other hand, Pulitzer price winning novels seem to contain more than purely negative features of propagandizing. Therefore discussing The Moon is Down and A Bell for Adano as two specific examples of American propaganda literature in the Second World War, at first, means to analyse the importance and the meaning of propaganda with respect to literature as a means of it. Considering the biographical background of the authors as primarily linked to the time, where the novels were written, the next part attempts to present the relationship between personal experiences as war reporters and writing the novels The Moon is Down and A Bell for Adano. In order to compare both works with regard to means of war propaganda the third part includes a discussion of structural features, content and the choosing of the titles. This works also as a kind of preparation for analysing how the enemy is displayed that means the characteristic features in his personality in The Moon is Down and the discussion of the ideal hero represented by Major Joppolo in A Bell for Adano. The last part will then summarize the comparison of the two literary works also as an attempt to reveal problems in considering these works as (purely negative) propaganda in a unilateral sense.
|
<urn:uuid:e93dcc37-03a5-4cb4-8762-e57a76f10dd9>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://www.livrariacultura.com.br/p/moon-is-down-and-a-bell-for-adano-two-87962264
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00052-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.967153
| 459
| 2.578125
| 3
|
- Sarah Still is on the autism spectrum and has tried for years to find a job that suits her
- More organizations are specializing in placing those with autism into jobs
- Experts explain why it is difficult for those on the spectrum to find jobs on their own
- Support at work can help those on the spectrum stay in jobs longer
Smiling is something 30-year-old Sarah Still constantly has to remind herself to do, especially when she is going into a job interview.
Still has Asperger's, a high-functioning form of autism. For the past 10 years, she has experienced the highs and lows of being on the autism spectrum while trying to work in professional settings.
It is not as though Still cannot get a job -- in fact, her resume is full of them, ranging from room attendant at Yellowstone National Park to receptionist at a massage parlor. It's keeping the jobs that has been the issue.
"Some days it is really hard to function ... things like fluorescent lighting can even bring my systems down," she said, meaning the lighting depresses her mood easily.
Still is not alone. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says as many as one in 50 children are diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders.
Many of those children will grow up and eventually try to enter the workforce.
Still said she's had a range of job experiences. Her worst, she recalls, was working as a room attendant at Yellowstone National Park, because she had a hard time remembering her tasks. She has memory issues because of her Asperger's, she said, and often loses track of time.
"It was really hard for me to remember how they wanted me to clean the rooms. They were really fast and I had an awful time keeping up," she said. She only stayed at that job for two months.
Ann Cameron Williams, chief research and innovations officer with The Arc, a national organization of and for people with intellectual and related developmental disabilities, asks what will happen to those one in 50 children once they enter adulthood.
"How will these children impact our schools, our offices? It is something that we have to open our eyes to. It is something that we really have to embrace," she said.
"We don't have a choice of turning away -- we have to employ these people."
One of the main challenges The Arc faces is educating employers about the benefits of hiring those on the autism spectrum, according to Williams. She said some employers are hesitant because they are unfamiliar with how such workers will perform on the job.
"When it comes to questions from businesses, it is just communicating to them the facts. Giving someone with autism a chance to work, many employers will discover that those on the spectrum are great at working with numbers, computers and spreadsheets," she explained.
Besides advocating for those with autism disorders, The Arc and other national organizations have work-training and placement programs. One company that specializes in job placement for those on the spectrum is Nobis Works, a nonprofit organization based out of Georgia.
Becky Ketts, the director of rehabilitation services at Nobis Works, finds jobs for people on the autism spectrum while they go through the organization's training program. These training programs last anywhere from three months to a year, and teach everything from anger management to customer service.
These "soft skills" are essential for success in the workplace, Ketts explains, especially for those with autism disorders.
"Even the thought of interviewing for a job can be overwhelming for someone on the autism spectrum. That is such an intimate setting. That alone can keep people from finding a job," Ketts said.
Still can relate. "I don't tell employers I have Asperger's," she said. She worries that employers will be immediately turned off from hiring her. "But I think when I do interviews I seem a bit strange and people don't hire me."
She also has difficulties "being social," she said. It is those little things that ultimately build stress for her in the workplace.
Social interaction is a common challenge for those with autism disorders, Ketts said. "We all interact with so many people, co-workers, bosses, it can all be very overwhelming for those on the spectrum," Ketts said.
Still said positive reinforcement was lacking in some of her previous jobs. "I had one boss who I would hear yell at other employees -- that really affected me," she said. "And sometimes, I feel people staring at me and it makes me uncomfortable."
Ketts adds the key to overcoming those overwhelming feelings can be as simple as having a support system. A positive work environment and internal support can help increase retention rates at jobs for those on the spectrum. Nobis Works said it offers external support for individuals on the spectrum and reports an 84% retention rate, where employees stay longer than 90 days at their placement jobs.
"We can set someone up on the autism spectrum at a good job, but things can change. Keeping a job can be the hardest part," Ketts said.
More employers are becoming aware of the needs of people on the autism spectrum. There also are companies actively seeking to hire people on the spectrum. Aspiritech, a nonprofit Chicago-based company, launched a program to train high-functioning people on the autism spectrum to test software for tech development companies.
Even companies like Walgreens are taking a stand to hire more people on the spectrum. The company's CEO announced in 2012 that it would try to fill 20% of its distribution center jobs with people of different disabilities.
Williams said companies are starting to see not only the business benefits of hiring someone on the spectrum, but also the ethical and public relations benefits. "It is hard to measure it with a dollar, but it is the right thing to do. When you have a company that is willing to hire someone with a disability, it's a positive reflection on that company," she said.
Karen Carlisle, vice president at Nobis Works, said the most important thing for employers to remember when hiring someone on the spectrum is that they are always going to have autism, no matter how much training a placement program provides for them.
"We don't fix people with disabilities, we help people work with those disabilities and we work with managers and employers to help them understand these people," she said.
"There is hope for people on the autism spectrum in terms of finding work."
Still said she wishes employers would be aware that some people on the spectrum tend to be more sensitive. "And it may take us a bit more time to learn how to do something, but once we get it, we are very helpful. Many of us are dedicated to helping others, we just learn and show our dedication differently," she said.
She said she hopes that if and when she does find a job she can start telling her employer about her needs with Asperger's.
Despite not having a job since May 2012, Still said she isn't discouraged. Ideally, she hopes to work with animals in the future and be out in nature. She said she's hopeful because she knows she and others on the autism spectrum have a lot to offer.
"We are very intelligent," she said. "We are very focused if we are doing something we love." And that thought keeps her smiling.
|
<urn:uuid:859b6efb-c509-40a0-915c-42391e2bcc66>
|
CC-MAIN-2016-44
|
http://www.cnn.com/2013/04/30/health/irpt-autism-in-the-workplace/index.html?hpt=he_t5
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719677.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00559-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.982986
| 1,501
| 2.390625
| 2
|
The career objectives of the graphic designer run the gamut from visionary to business savvy. Throughout their careers, graphic designers often fend for themselves. As such, designers must create a recognizable brand that allows them to be free in their vision, and also attracts the right kind of business to be financially secure. These career objectives come from the variation of tasks the graphic designer has to do, such as staying up to date with industry trends, illustrating new concepts, gathering materials to help her better perform her job, and coordinating with other agencies or designers on a project.
Have Something To Say
The goal of any graphic designer worth her salt is to own her designs. "Own," in the sense that the design is a part of her artistic sensibilities and no one else's. Accomplishing this takes confidence. Creating a powerful design full of charisma is a way for a designer to exude confidence and have a design she owns in every sense of the word. Having confidence doesn't necessarily mean being braggadocios, but rather means having a message so undeniable that it has to be spoken at any cost.
Generate a Passive Income
Having passive income -- income that generates while you aren't actually working -- is an important milestone for the graphic designer. This goes double if the designer is a freelancer. There are several ways to go about this, such as by starting and running a successful blog. Money comes in through advertisements and other endorsements while the designer is free to work on other projects that generate active income. Other ways designers achieve this goal is by creating apps or building Wordpress themes to be sold over and over again.
In order to reach her financial goals, the graphic designer has to aspire to be masterful in her creative life. As such, one of her most important career goals is to have the ability to see things differently at any given time. This ability, being able to connect two or more seemingly unrelated pieces together into something new and inspired, is important to both the designer's mental well-being and the future of her career. As such, designers will constantly try to see things differently, learning what to look for when other people aren't looking for anything, and finding patterns in what seems like randomness. This goal is one attained through experience, and comes to all good designers in time.
Find New Business
Being artsy is all well and good, but without anyone to commission your work, there's no career to be had. Graphic designers have ongoing goals -- or at least should have ongoing goals -- that include finding new clients interested in their work. This requires knowing the ins and outs of good marketing, building a brand that is self-perpetuating. The goal in this regard is to build a "storied" brand -- a brand that speaks for itself. Graphic designers with a story, or at the very least a persona, are able to sell their brand without the typical advertisement ploys that many people are desensitized to.
- Getty Images/Lifesize/Getty Images
|
<urn:uuid:c8d03b6a-ee98-49b4-8bc0-eb7ec61b549a>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://oureverydaylife.com/graphic-design-career-objectives-5555.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280364.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00029-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.970895
| 612
| 2.15625
| 2
|
WASHINGTON, April 24 (UPI) -- Karl Marx mused that history first appears as tragedy and then as farce. That may not apply to the United States, as Americans are too often amnesia-prone when it comes to history. Americans' ability to ignore or forget history is legion. Three cases underscore this point.
A popular critique of today's CIA is that is has become a killing machine thereby diluting its role as the principal collector of foreign intelligence and its main duty of informing the nation about current and emerging dangers. CIA-run drone campaigns in Pakistan, Afghanistan and Yemen that kill enemy combatants and suspected terrorists form Exhibit A in these allegations.
Whether the agency has downgraded its intelligence functions is unclear. Yet, regarding its status as a killing machine, how quickly we forget.
In Vietnam, what became known as the Phoenix Program began in 1965 as a CIA-led operation. The purpose was to neutralize the National Liberation Front, the political arm of the Viet Cong, and was directed against civilian suspects not soldiers.
In 1967, Phoenix was absorbed into the Civil Operations and Revolutionary Development Support program. William Colby, later CIA director, was its first head followed by Ambassador Robert W. Komer.
Phoenix operatives were a mix of CIA, U.S. and Australian Special Forces and South Vietnamese personnel and mercenaries. Until it ended in 1972, Phoenix "neutralized" some 80,000 NLF and Viet Cong of which about 30,000 were killed. In many cases, assassination was too kind a term and torture and barbaric interrogation practices were part of the standard operating procedure.
Compared with Phoenix, enemy combatants killed so far by drone strikes have been a miniscule percentage as technology bypassed the need for "terminating with prejudice" at close range.
The bombings in Boston last week triggered national condolences and dominated media reporting. Interestingly, coverage of the thousands or more killed and injured on the same day from Venezuelan protesters contesting the elections to terrorist attacks against innocent Iraqis in Baghdad and major cities, Syria, Pakistan and several African countries has been trivial. But even given the terrorist bombings of Oklahoma City in 1995 and the attempts against the World Trade Center culminating with Sept. 11, 2001, what is new?
Alfred Nobel and his invention of dynamite a century and a half ago gave terrorism a powerful weapon. In 1919, 36 dynamite-laden bombs were mailed to distinguished Americans from a Supreme Court associate justice to the U.S. attorney general and business tycoons John D. Rockefeller and J.P. Morgan. That was immediately followed by eight bombing attempts that only managed to kill a night watchman.
In 1920, J.P. Morgan on Wall Street was bombed and three dozen killed. The country panicked.
The attacks were attributed to Italian anarchists, none of whom was apprehended, tried or convicted. But in the "Red Scare" prompted by these bombings and presided over by U.S. Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer, more than 10,000 suspects were rounded up, many illegally, and about 550 were deported. And the country was indeed terrorized by these bombings.
Last is an economic example. The Obama administration and Congress have managed simultaneously to raise taxes and cut spending virtually guaranteeing a halt in the sadly tepid economic growth. Debt and deficits are indeed ticking time bombs.
But we forget that during the Great Depression both Presidents Herbert Hoover and Franklin D. Roosevelt proposed balanced budgets. And while FDR changed course to pursue deficit spending, the depression was technically worse in 1938 and 1939 than in 1929.
World War II finally ended the depression and turned the United States into an economic colossus.
For all the discussion of Boston, CIA targeted killings and the current economic mess, history is forgotten. Terrorism isn't new even when it comes to bombings. And Americans are infinitely safer than most people. The CIA has had a history of targeted assassinations that dwarf the current drone strikes and for all of the argument about water boarding three captured al-Qaida leaders, relied on real torture and murder in Vietnam.
As for the economy, war is NOT a solution. But a massive injection of investment is. Readers will be bored with another attempt to promote a national infrastructure bank funded by private capital in the form of long-term bonds, guaranteed by the government and repaid by user fees and tolls. However, this is the stimulus the nation so desperately needs.
Americans mourn the latest attacks along with fellow citizens in Boston. And knowledge of the past about the recurring use of terror to terrorize is no anesthetic to relieve our pain.
That said, better understanding of history might make dealing with the dangers of today and the uncertainties of tomorrow a little easier. Historical amnesia is not the answer.
(Harlan Ullman is chairman of the Killowen Group, which advises leaders of government and business, and senior adviser at Washington's Atlantic Council.)
(United Press International's "Outside View" commentaries are written by outside contributors who specialize in a variety of important issues. The views expressed do not necessarily reflect those of United Press International. In the interests of creating an open forum, original submissions are invited.)
|
<urn:uuid:b9b13111-ef33-4d54-8c1f-9d30c25a7694>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://www.upi.com/Top_News/Opinion/Outside-View/2013/04/24/Outside-View-Americas-historical-amnesia/UPI-11081366776600/?spt=hs&or=an
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280872.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00309-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.964796
| 1,052
| 2.296875
| 2
|
Why learn German???
You might have your own reasons to learn German:
- German is fun to learn!
- German is easy to pronounce!
- You would like to travel to Usingen, Germany on Rush-Henrietta’s exchange!
- You are interested in learning about the innovative ways Germany is helping the environment!
- You have friends or relatives who speak German!
- You find German culture fun and interesting!
Here are 10 more excellent reasons:
1. German is the most widely spoken language in Europe.
Learning German can connect you to 120 million native speakers around the globe. It is also the 3rd most popular foreign language taught worldwide.
2. German is not difficult to learn.
English speakers already have an advantage when it comes to learning German. German and English share many similarities in both vocabulary and grammar.
If you understand this ...
Meine Schwester hat braune Haare. Sie ist intelligent. Sie studiert Medizin in Berlin. ... you already know some German!
3. German is recommended by many college undergraduate and graduate programs.
German speakers' strong contributions in many fields make the language important in a wide range of subjects -- from biology, physics, and chemistry to linguistics, religious studies, and art history. German is the language of science.
4. Knowing German opens up more job opportunities.
Knowing German can give you great advantages in the work force. German companies account for 700,000 jobs in the United States, and US companies have created approximately the same number of jobs in Germany.
5. Germans are the largest heritage group in the U.S.
German Americans are the largest single heritage group in the U.S. Germans brought with them many customs and traditions that have become so ingrained in American ways that their origin is often forgotten.
6. Germans spend the most tourist dollars worldwide.
Germans are the third largest nationality of tourists to the United States. The most popular U.S. destinations are California, Florida, and New York. Travel agencies, tour companies, hotels, airlines, and car rental agencies that can communicate with Germans in their own language will win their business.
7. Germany sponsors over 60,000 international exchanges each year.
In the year 2001 alone, the German Academic Exchange Service supported 67,000 scholars, scientists, educators, and students for international research and study.
8. German-speaking countries have a rich cultural heritage.
German speakers have a rich cultural heritage. Germany is often referred to as the land of "Dichter und Denker" -- of poets and thinkers.
9. Germany is the #1 export nation in the world.
Germany has the third largest economy in the world and is the economic powerhouse of the European Union.
10. Germans are innovators.
Four of the world's ten most innovative companies are located in Germany.
Deutsch macht Spaß!!!
German is fun!!!
|
<urn:uuid:29ca732d-0e26-4057-9c5f-192528cf5947>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://www.rhnet.org/Page/17040
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00671.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.940102
| 620
| 2.421875
| 2
|
VMware is interested in mobile virtualization, but appears to be facing an innovator's dilemma. The company has so much growth ahead with server, desktop and data center virtualization that it may miss the boat on mobile.
That theory on VMware and mobile virtualization was sparked by a panel at GigaOm's Mobilize conference last week. The panel featured a few odd exchanges where a VMware executive was talking about the lack of mobile virtualization use cases while another CEO was touting it.
What struck me is how odd it was that VMware was almost pooh poohing the idea of mobile virtualization---at least for now.
Srinivas Krishnamurti, senior director for mobile solutions at VMware, said there wasn't a use case for mobile virtualization. Krishnamurti's point is that the mobile distribution channel is different, perhaps too different to warrant much attention. Carriers, mobile OS makers and app creators all want a piece of the revenue pie and need a reason to want virtualization, he said.
"If there were killer applications (for mobile virtualization) there would be uses already," said Krishnamurti. "We haven't found the compelling ROI yet."
After all, the use of hypervisors on servers and PCs would be added after a purchase. Handset virtualization needs to be embedded. "Each party will ask 'what's in it for me and why do I need a new layer of software?'" said Krishnamurti.
The big question here is whether VMware was focused on mobile virtualization ROI for its own business or customers overall.
Steve Subar, CEO of Open Kernel Labs, repeatedly countered Krishnamurti's take on mobile virtualization. Subar said the killer apps are "enterprise enablement on mobile devices." Virtualization gives companies more mobile security and allows IT managers to isolate enterprise apps from data.
Subar added that Open Kernel Labs has installed its virtualization software on 700 million handsets. Subar argued that handset makers are eyeing virtualization to deliver a smartphone experience for lower costs.
Add it up and Subar is saying a mobile virtualization inflection point is around the corner. Krishnamurti is betting that mobile virtualization will take more time to take off. It'll be interesting to see which side turns out to be right.
|
<urn:uuid:86558553-8802-405d-bdc5-f45d51339f0a>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://www.zdnet.com/article/will-vmware-miss-the-mobile-virtualization-curve/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281151.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00110-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.957071
| 479
| 1.539063
| 2
|
CHIN 31A Intermediate Mandarin Chinese for Bilingual Students (3)
Credit, Degree Applicable
ADVISE: Oral fluency in at least one Chinese dialect other than standard Mandarin and knowledge of approximately 800-1000 Chinese characters.
Intensive training in written and spoken Mandarin with emphasis on reading and composition. Linguistic ability in both English and Chinese are used as a basis for increasing vocabulary and enhancing reading and writing skills through short stories, poems, essays and composition. Intermediate training in written and spoken Mandarin.
Chinese 31A is not a prerequisite for Chinese 31B. These courses may be taken non-sequentially. These courses are designed for bilingual students who are effective in oral communication in at least one Chinese dialect other than standard Mandarin, but need formal training in both receptive and productive skills in Mandarin.
Offered Fall semesters
Requires an additional 1 hour.
After successful completion of this course, students will be able to:
- Outcome 1: Demonstrate the ability to discuss and/or summarize in Mandarin using correct sentence patterns and near Mandarin pronunciation (using Pinyin System).
- Outcome 2: Produce accurately written responses to questions about selected readings.
- Outcome 3: Create a coherent, well constructed essay of about 700 characters with the aid of a dictionary or other reference book about a number of selected topics.
|
<urn:uuid:1f7e3e17-3380-4038-b10a-94c33ac093e3>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
https://www.ccsf.edu/Schedule/CD/CHIN%2031A.htm
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00080-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.918446
| 276
| 2.34375
| 2
|
Mother Jones has an interesting article about how humans might first have learned about the nutritional value of cheese.
Kindstedt, author of the book Cheese and Culture, explained that about a thousand years before traces of cheese-making show up in the archaeological record, humans began growing crops ... for the first thousand years, toddlers and babies were the only ones consuming the milk. Human adults were uniformly lactose-intolerant, says Kindstedt. What's more, he told us that "we know from some exciting archaeo-genetic and genomic modeling that the capacity to tolerate lactose into adulthood didn't develop until about 5500 B.C."—which is at least a thousand years after the development of cheese.
... we now know that the real dawn of cheese came about 8,500 years ago, with two simultaneous developments in human history. First, by then, over-intensive agricultural practices had depleted the soil, leading to the first human-created environmental disaster. As a result, Neolithic humans began herding goats and sheep more intensely, as those animals could survive on marginal lands unfit for crops. And secondly, humans invented pottery: the original practical milk-collection containers.
In the warm environment of the Fertile Crescent region, Kinstedt explained, any milk not used immediately and instead left to stand in those newly invented containers "would have very quickly, in a matter of hours, coagulated [due to the heat and the natural lactic acid bacteria in the milk]. And at some point, probably some adventurous adult tried some of the solid material and found that they could tolerate it a lot more of it than they could milk." That's because about 80 percent of the lactose drains off with the whey, leaving a digestible and, likely, rather delicious fresh cheese.
With the discovery of cheese, suddenly those early humans could add dairy to their diets. Cheese made an entirely new source of nutrients and calories available for adults, and, as a result, dairying took off in a major way. What this meant, says Kindstedt, is that "children and newborns would be exposed to milk frequently, which ultimately through random mutations selected for children who could tolerate lactose later into adulthood."
There's more at the link.
It's fascinating to study the archaeological record like that and work out how a human population that was almost uniformly lactose-intolerant made the switch to become lactose-tolerant, leading to the consumption of gallons of milk per person in today's world (for those who can afford it). I learned a lot from this article, and I'm going to read the book to learn more.
|
<urn:uuid:90848bf8-d66c-4e70-8a58-595c2a067032>
|
CC-MAIN-2016-44
|
http://bayourenaissanceman.blogspot.com/2015/04/how-humanity-discovered-cheese.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721387.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00447-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.965788
| 547
| 3.359375
| 3
|
American space agency admits they don’t have technology to put man on the moon
NASA has admitted that it isn’t possible to visit the moon after claiming they “no longer have the technology” as it was “destroyed years ago.”
According to astronaut Don Pettit, the space agency doesn’t have the resources necessary to rebuild technology it would require to send explorers “back” to the moon.
At the Space for Innovation conference at London’s Science Museum, Pettit says he hopes that the US will be able to collaborate with other countries to help make moon landing possible, saying:
“International collaboration I believe is essential for space exploration it provides robustness to the technology of exploration,”
“Each country has a different means of approaching the same problem and when one country’s technology fails you can rely on the other countries technology to get you through that particular issue.”
“A classic example is with space shuttle Colombia burning up in the atmosphere, space station continued because we relied on Russia’s Soyuz rockets.
“That’s an example where the international aspect of the space station adds a robustness.
“Where one country’s technology fails other countries can pick up the slack and keep the process going.”
IB Times reports: Unfortunately the cost and politics involved in space travel act as an impediment.
“Politics always gets in the way of any high and mighty adventure that also takes the finances of countries – of societies – in order to do,” he said. “Exploring space is expensive. Right now it’s too expensive for any single country or company to do so you have to work together to make it happen.”
And this is something the ESA is working towards. Speaking conference, director general Jan Woerner said the agency is looking to open up to partnerships beyond the current 22 member states.
“ESA is an international organization,” he said.
“We have the possibility to join forces with every state in the world. We have this diverse structure already, we know how to handle outside collaboration. One of the clear understanding to open up to more partnerships, but also to open up to more partnerships in the industry.”
One mission Pettit is keen on is the ESA’s proposal for a Moon village – a base on the surface of the Moon where scientists can work, while also potentially serving as a launch pad for future missions.
“The lunar base is bound to happen – it’s the next logical step,” he said.
“I’d go to the moon in a nanosecond. The problem is we don’t have the technology to do that anymore. We used to but we destroyed that technology and it’s a painful process to build it back again.”
Nasa is currently working on projects to develop a manned mission to Mars. However, the technology required is still some way off.
“Going to Mars should be one of the next series of steps humans do. But the first step should be going back to the moon for a number of technological and exploration reasons. Then after that Mars and then maybe high orbit in Venus atmosphere, maybe to Europa.”
For now, however, manned space travel remains within the confines of the ISS – which is certainly no bad thing. Speaking of the experience of being there, he said:
“For me sleeping in a weightless environment is wonderful. You wake up in the morning and you feel 20 years old again. You’re ready to charge off on the day.
“It’s wonderful to look at earth from space. I look at it from the eyes of a scientist type where you can see all sorts of geological features. There’s a lot of features on earth that you can’t see if you’re walking on it – you’ve got to step back. It is privileged position. I’ve had the privilege of seeing two total solar eclipses from orbit. I’ve never seen from earth, but from orbit seen two. The amazing thing is you can see the shadow cast from Earth.”
Both on the ISS and back on Earth, Pettit has become known for his photography. He is due to release a book of his images later this year. He believes engagement with space exploration has become far greater as a result of being able to share pictures with the public back on Earth.
“I love photography whether on or off of Earth. Taking pictures in space presents a wonderful environment to do a range of imagery that captures people’s imagination – because it’s something they haven’t seen before.
“Photography plays a central role in sharing the experience of exploration. How much photography do we have from the 17th century? Obviously, none because it wasn’t invented. But just think what they could have shared in their transoceanic voyages if had photography. It really came into the field of exploration maybe in 1860s and certainly was central to the arctic and Antarctic exploration – sharing what those expeditions were about and the conditions under which people lived. And that is what makes photography central to sharing the experience of space to all the people on the planet.”
And it is imagination that will encourage human space exploration of the future: “The only limit to human future is in our own imaginations,” he said. “And our willingness to do something about it.”
|
<urn:uuid:b5fd4e0e-5b68-437d-a004-ffaf6f2dc833>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
http://woked.co/features/nasa-its-not-possible-to-land-on-the-moon/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00065.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.956294
| 1,166
| 2.265625
| 2
|
Small Animals For Pets Australia
Questions Answered Every 9 Seconds.
Small animals for pets australia. Big ones little ones young ones old ones wriggly ones galloping ones fury ones slimy ones - basically all pets. Just for pets australia. Australian animal welfare guidelines for dogs and cats.
We know how important your pets are to you thats why we only stock high-quality products to encourage a happy. Food beds collars leads toys flea products and. We ship all of our pet products Australia wide and offer a 30 day money back guarantee.
Pocket pets make great first pets or home companions to people of all ages. Ad Australias Biggest Range Of Toys. Questions Answered Every 9 Seconds.
Ad Australias Biggest Range Of Toys. Small Animal Breeders Australia. Ad A Veterinarian Will Answer You Now.
Find out about how to care for different types of animals and how they can make great pets. Sofas Chairs Tables Stools Storage Homewares More. Dogs for adoption rescue puppies cats kittens more.
We sell the biggest range of dog supplies and Australian meat pet treats right here in Whyalla. There are many types of animals looking for new homes. From feeders food and toys we have your furry friends covered.
- Designer Puppies For Sale In Texas
- Dapple Dachshund Puppies Colorado
- Different Animals Breeding Together
- Desert Animals Names And Pictures
- Dierenasiel Help Animals Anderlecht
- Designer Puppies For Sale In Arkansas
- Different Farm Animals Pictures
- Designer Puppies For Sale In Mississippi
- Dachshund Puppies Texas Cheap
- Desert Adaptations Animals And Plants
- Different Kinds Of Animals Images
- Different Animals In The World With Names
- Designer Puppies For Sale In Alabama
- Dachshund Puppies Warrior Alabama
- Descargar Cats Pelicula Completa En Espanol Latino
- Designer Puppies For Sale In Louisiana
- Do Cats Get Cold Easily
- Desert Animals Names List With Pictures
- Desert Animals Information Wikipedia
- Dachshund Puppies Wilmington Nc
|
<urn:uuid:52d8cc12-be14-49e4-806d-94fb7fca1628>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://animalwallpaperdirect.pages.dev/small-animals-for-pets-australia
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00474.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.756841
| 446
| 1.507813
| 2
|
This magnificent 13 metre high statue of Lord Buddha is carved out of solid granite. It dates back to the 5th Century and the sophistication of the architecture is reflected by the fact that on a rainy day it is believed that one can see droplets of water falling off the tip of the statue’s nose and hitting the ground exactly between the toes of Lord Buddha.
Thuparama is classed as the oldest shrine in Sri Lanka. It is believed to hold the collar bone relic of Lord Buddha. Guard stone at Thuparama -These types of guard stones are often found in pairs at the entrance to temples, palaces and other holy sites and serve as an omen to protect the site.
Situated in Anuradhapura, the Ruwanwelisaya is classed as the pride of the great Emperor Dutugamunu. Created in the 2nd Century BC, this shrine represents a water bubble shape.
Built on the cremation grounds of Mahinda Thera who introduced Buddhism to Sri Lanka, the Jethawana Monastry at 120m high was considered the third tallest monument in the world during the fall of the Roman Empire.
The Royal Palace
The remains of the Royal Palace are a reflection of this enormous structure made out of wood and stone seven storeys high (31m by 13m or 100ft by 43ft). The upper floors were made of wood but only the remains of the 3m thick lower floors now exist.
East of the Royal Palace remains of the audience hall can be found, which was used as a meeting place by the Kings to hear petitions from the noblemen and foreign rulers. The stunning lion and elephant statues at the top of the steps near the entry of the audience hall, was a direct symbol of royal power. The Kumara Pokuna (Royal Bathing Pool) can be found next to the audience hall was filled with water from the streams on the palace grounds.
Nissanka Malla’s Palace
Although Nissanka Malla’s Palace (1187-1196) is less well preserved, its attractive location close to the shore of the lake makes this site popular amongst visitors. The palace remains include a Royal Bathing Pool, the King’s Council Chamber where the names of the King’s ministers can be sighted on the pillars of the Chamber.
Gal Vihara is considered to be one of the most sacred Buddhist Shrines. Gal Vihara is also known as the Cave of the Spirits of Knowledge and is home to the standing image of Buddha, 7m tall (23ft). Next to this the image you will sight the magnificent reclining statue of Buddha (14m 0r 46ft long).
The well known Quadrangle guarded by its own rectangle walls is home to some of the most valuable collections of ancient buildings. The Watadage (reliquary) can be found in the South East of the Quadrangle and the shrine of the four seated Buddha images were surrounded by a circular building (18m or 59ft in diameter) with four entrances.
The Thuparama temple located in South West of the Quadrangle is the only ancient building to remain with its roof still intact.
The Latha Mandapaya is located West of the Watadage, a small shrine surrounded by stone columns that are topped with carved lotus buds and stone Tellis. The Latha Mandapaya is followed by the Atadage, where one will find the ruins of a tooth relic shrine and a small group of Hindu shrines.
Hatadage, located North of Watadage is another tooth relic shrine and to the East of this one can find the Gal Potha also known as the Stone Book. The Gal Potha is a 9m (29ft) stone carving of one of the palm leaf books which resembles the books that were used to record the holy Buddhist texts and royal family history.
The Satmahal Prasada is located in the North East corner of the Quadrangle. This unique six storey building is one of a kind and unlike any other buiding foud in Sri Lanka. Within the Quadrangles perimeter walls one can also find the three devales; Siva Devale, Vishnu Devale and Siva Devale. The Siva Devale is the oldest stone temple which has survived in Polonnaruwa.
Dambulla can be described as a magnificently large rock more than 160m above the surrounding land. It is more than 1.5 km around the base and the summit is at 550km. King Walagamba used the caves on Dambulla as a sanctuary. After his return home from a 14 year exile in the 1st Century BC, King Walagamba had a spectacular cave temple built at Dambulla.
Dambulla is well renowned for its cave temple and was listed as a World heritage site in 1991. The cave temples have numerous religious and cultural paintings and sculptures. One will find several reclining Buddha’s including the popular 15m long sculpture of the dying Buddha in Cave 1. Fresco paintings can be found on walls and ceilings of the caves and reflect stories from Lord Buddha’s life and Sinhalese history. Cave 2 is the largest and the most spectacular. It contains over 150 statues that demonstrate the Mahayana influences on Buddhism during the introduction of Hindu Gods such as Vishnu and Ganesh. In the valleys below Dambulla, there is a monk school where monks reside in monasteries as they practice Buddhism as part of their daily life.
Sigriya is a gigantic fortress that was created during the sixth Century. It is built on a 200m high rock and is one of the most spectacular sites that represent Sri Lanka’s history. It is one of the must see destinations of Sri Lanka!
On the Northern and Western sides of this well planned fortress one can find a pathway that provides access to the three acre wide summit. The quality of materials and the high standards applied in creating this fortress is illustrated by the 9 ½ ft plaster wall that protects this pathway. This highly polished wall even till this day, after fifteen centuries of exposure to sun and rain provides a clear reflection of anyone who looks at the wall.
This magnificent structure is linked to royal and political history of Sri Lanka. The tale of King Dhatusena I (459-477AD) states that he ruled the ancient capital of Anuradhapura. A coup by Prince Kasyapa (the King’s son by a non-royal affair) and the King’s nephew Migara led to the attack of the throne and as a result the execution of King Dhatusena I. After his Victory, now a King, Kasyapa created a new capital at Sigriya.
After the kasyapa era, Sigriya became a Buddhist monastery during the thirteenth and fourteenth century.
|
<urn:uuid:7b2d8bd8-5c71-4138-9e73-1f7d8ab76064>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://www.exoticlankaholidays.com.au/things-to-do-explore/places-atrractions-to-visit/historical-cultural/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00671.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.956744
| 1,511
| 3
| 3
|
The fine line between care and surveillance
Even prior to Covid-19, the team had observed that the smartphone simultaneously facilitates our capacity for extending both care and also surveillance. We form WhatsApp groups to monitor and look after frail parents, but then they are anxious about their loss of autonomy. Parents monitor their children’s smartphones. They see this as care, while their children regard this as surveillance. In many social relationships, people were carefully negotiating this fine balance between care and surveillance that had often become more acute thanks to the smartphone.
With the advent of Covid-19, our observation became the world’s observation. This was particularly evident thanks to the development of contact tracing technologies during the pandemic – most of which operated through the smartphone. This exploited the ability of smartphones to closely monitor an individual through location and other data. The technology itself was developed in many countries around the world, yet the response to such an initiative could not have been more heterogeneous. Contact tracing was quickly and often quite successfully deployed in countries such as South Korea, while in the US and parts of Europe, there was much more caution about potential government intrusion into the private domain, and deployment was generally less successful. The reason is that this fine balance is not a technological issue, but a matter of moral adjudication and cultural values. What our research showed was that populations already had considerable experience around this problem and could have been more widely consulted and involved.
These ideas are also illustrated in this short film:
|
<urn:uuid:93c8b842-669d-4af8-895b-05097edffed7>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://wwwdepts-live.ucl.ac.uk/anthropology/assa/discoveries/the-fine-line-between-care-and-surveillance-3/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00273.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.987023
| 302
| 2.6875
| 3
|
A hard hitting report commissioned by the Bianca Jagger Human Rights Foundation was delivered this week to David Cameron and called on the government to investigate the impact of fracking on the rights of individuals.
The report cites human rights liabilities for the British government if fracking is to commence commercially across the UK. It was co-authored by the Global Network for the Study of Human Rights and the Environment as well as the Environment and Human Rights Advisory and the Human Rights Consortium at the University of London.
It focuses primarily on the health implications of people living by frack sites, where the government is “legally bound to respect and protect human rights, both under the auspices of its own Human Rights Act 1998 and of the European Convention on Human Rights.”
Under these acts, the UK is obligated to consider the environmental impacts of industry on its citizens by allowing for public participation as well as the ‘right to life’, which protects citizens from living near dangerous and contaminated areas, including poisonous water supplies.
The report also highlights the government’s concentrated efforts to sell the positives of fracking over a steady informative review, with consistent claims that burning shale gas produces fewer greenhouse emissions than burning coal.
This claim is disputed by the report, which was personally delivered to the Prime Minister’s home in Westminster by Bianca Jagger, the human rights advocate and Council of Europe Goodwill Ambassador, who believes renewable technologies offer greater rewards to the environment than fossil fuels.
The report particularly cites a 2011 submission to the UN Human Rights Council which argued: “The environmental damage caused by hydraulic fracturing for natural gas poses ‘a new threat to human rights’.”
Speaking about the report, Jagger stated: “The UK Government is promoting a fracking agenda despite the well-documented health and environmental impacts. The Government has disregarded the Human Rights of ordinary citizens.
“They are rushing through changes to the law of trespass to speed up the ability of shale gas companies to frack under people’s homes without their consent. The re-writing of the law is being introduced despite widespread public concern about the health and environmental impact of fracking and in the face of overwhelming public resistance from ordinary people.”
“The Infrastructure Bill [which covers shale gas development] is a violation of our basic Human Rights and of our democratic process.”
The government recently came under increasing criticism over a proposed amendment to the Infrastructure Bill which would allow fracking companies to use “any substance” under people’s homes in the extraction of shale gas.
As the Foundation’s report concludes: “There has been virtually no consideration at the policy level of the human rights dimensions of fracking.”
The full report will be launched on 30th November at the University of London.
Photo: Re:Publica via Flickr
|
<urn:uuid:75590b88-5498-4645-971e-94dbed0147f3>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://www.desmog.com/2014/11/28/fracking-violation-our-basic-human-rights-argues-new-report/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817032054-20220817062054-00474.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.9403
| 591
| 2.8125
| 3
|
Clean, efficient on-site power.
BlueGen® delivers clean, controllable, on-site electricity for your home or business.
Leading the way
About the size of a washing machine, BlueGen® connects directly to your natural gas supply, delivering low carbon electricity, 24 hours a day. It’s virtually silent, very efficient and reduces your carbon footprint significantly.
Fuel cell technology is at the forefront of co-generation and micro-Combined Heat and Power. Fuel Cells generate electricity efficiently from hydrogen rich fuels, through a clean electrochemical reaction rather than dirty combustion. BlueGen is a leader in fuel cell technology, creating electricity from natural gas with 60 per cent electrical efficiency and 25 per cent thermal efficiency
BlueGen can be installed on-site in your home or business. It contains standard connections and operates with virtually no noise. Key benefits include:
- Up to 36 kilowatt-hours of electricity per day
- 200 litres of ‘free’ hot water per day
- Carbon dioxide savings of up to 14.5 tonnes per year
- Unconstrained by seasons or weather
- Simple installation with standard connections
- Integrates easily with renewable technologies such as solar PV or solar thermal hot water
- Constantly monitored by advanced fault detection technology
BlueGen units are now available to showcase sites, green buildings, governments, local councils and other commercial customers.
To find out more about BlueGen:
|
<urn:uuid:dc410680-9068-4a5a-8e4d-0f5cc2e322a5>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
http://bluegen.info/What-is-bluegen/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573908.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820043108-20220820073108-00267.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.885235
| 299
| 1.734375
| 2
|
Bradley J. Best
The Traveling Salesperson Problem (TSP) is a classical problem in complexity theory that has provided significant motivation for the development of that theory. The TSP has also shown that exact solutions come at a high price: exponential time complexity. As a result, heuristic solutions to the TSP are often the only practical means for dealing with this intractable problem. Heuristic solutions are a hallmark of human cognition, although most heuristic solutions to the TSP share little inspiration with human cognition. This is unfortunate, since human solutions to the TSP have proven to be both accurate and rapid. Understanding human approaches to the TSP holds the promise to inform the development of heuristic approaches to computationally hard problems. This report explores and compares cognitive mechanisms implicated with human solutions to the TSP and their impact on the complexity and accuracy of the solution. In particular, the impact of Euclidean clustering is compared to a distorted clustering distance measure, and the efficacy of solving TSPs in a breadth-first manner is compared with the efficacy of solving TSPs in a depth-first manner. The empirical evidence indicates that distorted clustering and breadth-first solution development are superior to the tested alternatives.
|
<urn:uuid:464ceebe-8056-43f5-8bb9-c5a8027172b9>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://www.aaai.org/Library/Symposia/Spring/2006/ss06-02-005.php
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280718.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00411-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.931162
| 250
| 1.789063
| 2
|
Domain Names – The Future or the Past: a presentation presented by Victor H. Pitts of DomainIt at the Vancouver TRAFFIC Conference in June 2010.
This presentation takes a look at domain names and the domain name market in comparison to the popularity of social media (ie. Facebook and Twitter) and the potential threat of social media usernames. Questions are raised in regards to the possibility of technological or media innovation taking over the role of domain names with arguments made against this possibility as well. It also covers the possible alternative uses for domain names and how they can be merged with social media and other technological innovations to enhance their usage rather than to their detriment.
View the presentation: Domain Names – The Future or the Past
|
<urn:uuid:4712b910-dee3-426b-925b-b32ac8d8600b>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://www.igoldrush.com/news/blog/domain-names-the-future-or-the-past/print/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572021.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814083156-20220814113156-00076.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.920349
| 147
| 1.859375
| 2
|
I could not let the month end without taking note of the fact that April is National Distracted Driving Awareness Month, so designated by the US National Safety Council.
As The Oregonian and other local media have noted, police and other law enforcement officials are marking the month with stepped-up efforts at both enforcement of the state’s two-year-old distracted driving law, and at education. The paper reports that last year the “state police pulled over 3,782 drivers suspected of texting or talking on a handheld cell phone, a 7 percent increase over 2010.” It further notes that the OSP issued over 1,400 tickets and 2,350 warnings.
It’s also worth noting that this month Idaho and West Virginia became the latest states to outlaw texting while driving. That brings the total number of states banning the practice to 37, according to the ‘Family Car Guide’ website.
Oregon distracted driving is a problem that will not go away simply because a law has been passed. That is why events like National Distracted Driving Awareness Month are so important: ultimately, getting people off their phones and getting their attention focused on the road will involve breaking bad habits and forming new, safer, ones. Enforcement alone will not solve the problem (though it certainly helps).
From a Portland distracted driving attorney’s perspective, any reminder of the importance of this law is a good thing. It is especially important to remember that distracted driving education should not be confined to teens. The National Safety Council offers employers a useful “Cell Phone Policy Kit” to help managers understand the risks Oregon distracted driving poses to their staff, and to devise ways to help curtail it.
Family Car Guide: Idaho, West Virginia add tough driver anti-texting laws
|
<urn:uuid:36d66391-1f9d-4d3d-8b1b-816d3e6df92e>
|
CC-MAIN-2016-44
|
http://www.oregoninjurylawyerblog.com/2012/04/april_is_national_distracted_d.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720468.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00488-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.955622
| 361
| 2.5
| 2
|
Written in EnglishRead online
|LC Classifications||CT120 .S6x 1979|
|The Physical Object|
|Pagination||223 p. ;|
|Number of Pages||223|
|LC Control Number||87673397|
Download Variety of men
Oct 06, · Of all the books I have read about the Olympian genius, Albert Einstein, this, the shortest one, in my estimation is by far also one of the best. The author, was a distinguished British Novelist /5(4). Oct 06, · Mr.
Snow sets out with the modest goal of offering his impressions of a rather unlikely collection of men. Indeed, any grouping having both Joseph Stalin and Robert Frost would be odd.
The author met all of his subjects except Stalin and the Stalin essay is the weakest in the book: unhelpful, boring and naive/5(4). The author met all of his subjects except Stalin and the Stalin essay is the weakest in the book: unhelpful, boring and naive.
The most interesting sketch is of G.H. Hardy, not coincidently, the man Mr. Snow knew best/5(4). Enjoyed reading these biographical profiles of some very interesting men. I particularly liked the chapters on G.H. Hardy (Ramanujan's mentor), Ernest Rutherford, and Albert Einstein. Snow had been a good friend of Hardy (he wrote the foreword to Hardy's autobiographical book 'A Mathematician's Apology') and had also known Rutherford quite well.4/5.
Oct 06, · Variety of Men [C. Snow] on birminghamasphaltcontractor.com *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. Biography, Gender StudiesCited by: Variety of Men [C. Snow] on birminghamasphaltcontractor.com *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers.
Skip to main content. Try Prime Hello, Sign in Account & Lists Sign in Account & Lists Returns & Orders Try Prime Cart. Books Go Variety of men book Hello Select your /5(4). Snow presents them here, in a both candid and considered fashion, with just a faint slur of didacticism, and while all of them attained great prominence, it is the men rather than their achievements which interest him.
Einstein, the ""noblest"" man he has ever known, anti. Get Textbooks on Variety of men book Play. Rent and save from the world's largest eBookstore.
Read, highlight, and take notes, across web, tablet, and phone. Feb 04, · We’ve featured quite a few books for men on this list which were later adapted into classic movies.
But for us, the best book/film combo has to be Stephen King and Stanley Kubrick’s Shining double. Noticeably different from the big screen version, the book is no less creepy or thought-provoking.
It’s well worth a birminghamasphaltcontractor.com: Dean Stephens. by Orson Scott Card – The fate of the world rests in the hands of genius children. Some are trained since kindergarten in all things war, while others manipulate public sentiment and politics through the anonymity of the web.
No wonder Mark Zuckerberg lists it as one of his two favorite books on his Facebook birminghamasphaltcontractor.com: Gear Patrol. Book is in better condition than most examples of this age.
Neat, clean, well bound pages with moderate foxing, tanning and thumbing. Small inscriptions and neat labels may be present. pages. Beige jacket over blue cloth. Pages and binding are presentable with no major defects. Minor issues present such as mild cracking, inscriptions, inserts, light foxing, tanning and thumb marking.
Overall a good condition item. Boards have. First Edition Thus. pages. Illustrated paper cover. Pages and binding are presentable with no major defects.
Minor issues present such as mild cracking, inscriptions, inserts, light foxing, moderate tanning and thumb marking. Overall a good cond.
Note: Citations are based on reference standards. However, formatting rules can vary widely between applications and fields of interest or study.
The specific requirements or preferences of your reviewing publisher, classroom teacher, institution or organization should be applied. reprint. pages. Pictorial paper cover.
Pages and binding are presentable with no major defects. Minor issues present such as mild cracking, inscriptions, inserts, light foxing, tanning and thumb marking. Overall a good condition item. Paper. Oct 07, · Buy Variety of Men Book Club Edition by C.P Snow (ISBN: ) from Amazon's Book Store.
Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible orders/5(2). Get this from a library. Variety of men. [C P Snow] Note: Citations are based on reference standards. However, formatting rules can vary widely between applications and fields of interest or study.
Variety of Men by Snow, C P and a great selection of related books, art and collectibles available now at birminghamasphaltcontractor.com Variety of Men by C P Snow - AbeBooks birminghamasphaltcontractor.com Passion for books.
Buy Variety of Men By C. Snow, in Good condition. Our cheap used books come with free delivery. ISBN. birminghamasphaltcontractor.com - Buy Variety of Men book online at best prices in India on birminghamasphaltcontractor.com Read Variety of Men book reviews & author details and more at birminghamasphaltcontractor.com Free delivery on qualified orders/5(4).
Beneath that are some more great books on a variety of topics. Pantheon by Quintus Curtius. Pantheon, and all of Quintus’ essays and translations, are excellent choices.
They’re full of masculine wisdom and anecdotes about history’s greatest men. Superb writing and story telling– a must read for men. Variety's premier summit brings together leading marketers in entertainment.
Join CMOs from Disney, CBS, Sony Pictures, Paramount, the NBA, Chipotle and more. Buy Variety of Men By C P Snow, in Good condition.
Our cheap used books come with free delivery. ISBN. Search the world's most comprehensive index of full-text books.
My library. “If man is to survive, he will have learned to take a delight in the essential differences between men and between cultures. He will learn that differences in ideas and attitudes are a delight, part of life's exciting variety, not something to fear.” ― Gene Roddenberry.
Across the United States, a large number of local stores and store chains that started between the s and s have become defunct since the late s, when many chains were either consolidated or birminghamasphaltcontractor.com may have been lost due to mergers, while others were affected by a phenomenon of large store closings in the s known as the retail apocalypse.
THE VARIETIES OF RELIGIOUS EXPERIENCE William James When William James went to the University of Edinburgh in to deliver a series of lectures on "natural religion," he defined religion as "the feelings, acts, and experiences of individual men in their solitude, so far as they apprehend themselves to stand in relation to whatever they may.
Welcome to the Guys Read Virtual Vault of Good Books. This is the place to come if you’re looking for something to get a guy reading. We’ve collected recommendations from teachers, librarians, booksellers, publishers, parents, and guys themselves. Chariots of the Gods posits a variety of hypotheses dealing with the possibility of extraterrestrial beings influencing ancient technology.
Von Däniken suggests that some ancient structures and artifacts appear to represent higher technological knowledge than is presumed to Author: Erich von Däniken.
pages. White pictorial dust jacket over blue and black cloth boards. Pages are clean and bright with a firm binding. End papers and pages edges are lightly tanned and foxed.
Boards are a little rub worn with some slight shelf wear to corners, sp. Oct 30, · 10 Reasons Why Men Cheat Men who engage in sexual and romantic entanglements after making a vow of monogamy do so for a variety of underlying psychological reasons.
He’s a liar. Popular Book Club Books Showing of 82, All the Light We Cannot See (Hardcover) by. Anthony Doerr (Goodreads Author) (shelved times as book-club) avg rating —ratings — published Want to Read saving Want to Read.
Sep 01, · As was the case in previous Pew Research Center surveys on book reading, certain groups of Americans read at relatively high rates and in a wide variety of formats. These include: These include: College graduates – Compared with those who have not attended college, college graduates are more likely to read books in general, more likely to.
William Herbert Sheldon, Jr. (November 19, – September 17, ) was an American psychologist and numismatist. He created the field of somatotype and constitutional psychology that correlate body types with Temperament, illustrated by his Ivy League nude posture birminghamasphaltcontractor.com: November 19,Warwick, Rhode Island.
How Power is Presented in Of Mice and Men The theme of power in Of Mice and Men is presented by Steinbeck in a variety of ways, including characterisation, dialogue and imagery.
The main themes of power in the novella include physical power, seduction and the power of hierarchy. Flatland: A Romance of Many Dimensions is a satirical novella by the English schoolmaster Edwin Abbott Abbott, first published in by Seeley & Co.
of birminghamasphaltcontractor.comn pseudonymously by "A Square", the book used the fictional two-dimensional world of Flatland to comment on the hierarchy of Victorian culture, but the novella's more enduring contribution is its examination of birminghamasphaltcontractor.com: Edwin A.
Abbott. The book follows the life of a nameless protagonist as he has sex with several different women in a variety of ways, goes through relationship issues with girlfriends, and discusses the vagaries of sex with a number of friends, both gay and straight/5.
Apr 08, · Tina Fey’s catty book and Nell Benjamin’s saucy lyrics pump laughs into “Mean Girls,” a smart and funny musical-comedy version of the iconic. Apr 16, · Your book cover is one among the best marketing assets you can invest in because you will be needing it everywhere – on your book sales page, your website, social media page, your brochure design and of course on the physical book itself.
Here Are Some Important Role Of Book Cover Design In Your Book’s Success Typography. The Bible isn’t disjointed, it doesn’t contradict itself. It is one unified book that tells a harmonious narrative from start to finish. The reason for that is because God Himself is the source and inspiration of all Scripture (2 Tim.
That fact is the only logical explanation for how the Bible came to be, that God superintended it all. May 16, · Aside from its being a shameless plug for the “50 Shades” books, there’s nary a surprise in store with “Book Club,” the kind of comfort-food movie that’s been pre-masticated by.Think about the last good book you read.
Did it make you feel more connected to others? Maybe it served as a welcome escape. Maybe it helped you rediscover the beauty in life. Did it surprise you? As an independent bookstore, we strive to offer the same variety and richness of experience as the books .Aug 19, · Stacy Rukeyser has landed a series order at Netflix with the dramedy “Sex/Life.”.
The series is based on the book “44 Chapters About 4 Men” by BB Easton. The series is described as the.
|
<urn:uuid:ad1b65c3-a9e0-439e-aae2-05f0d6b32981>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://rogizohoqigod.birminghamasphaltcontractor.com/variety-of-men-book-23289ka.php
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571090.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809215803-20220810005803-00069.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.926242
| 2,565
| 1.523438
| 2
|
In any given organization, you'll find a wide variety of users. Some users carefully maintain their network-based files and folders, and they avoid using too much space. Others see network storage as a great backup mechanism for their 10,000 music files.
Regardless of what your users are storing, you should make it a habit to regularly examine disk space usage. Making this a part of your normal routine can help you decide whether additional space is worth the expense and whether your users are wasting space.
The Windows Server 2003 Resource Kit includes the User Disk Usage tool (Diskuse.exe), a command-line utility that monitors disk space usage on a per-user basis.
This utility offers a number of parameters. For a complete list of these parameters, enter diskuse /? at the command line.
Here are some of the most useful parameters of this utility:
- /s: This returns results for the current directory and all subdirectories.
- /t: This returns the output in a tabular format.
- /f:<filename>: This writes the results to the specified file, which you can import into Excel for analysis.
Listing A offers an example of using this utility.
Miss a tip?
Check out the Windows Server 2003 Archive, and catch up on the most recent tips from this newsletter.
Stay on top of the latest WS2K3 tips and tricks with our free Windows Server 2003 newsletter, delivered each Wednesday. Automatically sign up today!
|
<urn:uuid:dbedf1da-0b76-46ad-90cf-fd5fe97f1d5f>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://www.techrepublic.com/article/monitor-user-disk-usage-in-windows-server-2003/5585963/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279650.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00438-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.826956
| 305
| 1.921875
| 2
|
That’s not a drawing. That’s the real photo.
“The beady bits on the front of the Pacific barreleye fish in this picture released February 23, 2009, aren’t eyes but smell organs. The grayish, barrel-like eyes are beneath the green domes, which may filter light. In this picture the eyes are pointing upward—the better to see prey above in the darkness of the barreleye’s deep-sea home. Since the eyes are upright tubes, “it just looked like [they only] looked straight up,” MBARI marine technician Kim Reisenbichler said. But by watching live fish from a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) and by bringing a barrelfish to an aquarium for study, the scientists discovered that the eyes can pivot, like a birdwatcher pointing binoculars.”
Read more at National Geographic.
|
<urn:uuid:25cf4df6-6926-43d7-814a-2d46305d59b7>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
https://zaxy.wordpress.com/2009/02/24/fish-with-transparent-head-barrel-eyes/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282202.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00555-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.927289
| 195
| 2.65625
| 3
|
Auction house says engraved silver, which has a reserve of $325,000, is a proud moment of friendliness in Australian history.
Descendants of a slain Ngapuhi chief fear that a re-discovered taonga that was lost for more than 200 years will be gone for good after an auction last night.
The engraved silver medal was given to Bay of Islands chief Te Pahi by Philip Gidley King, the third governor of New South Wales, in 1806.
It was auctioned in Sydney - reportedly for A$300,000 ($325,000) - despite efforts by the chief's descendants to halt proceedings.
Te Pahi's relative Hugh Rihari said nothing was known of the medal's whereabouts until it resurfaced in Sydney more than 200 years after Te Pahi was killed by British whalers in 1810.
His whanau had considered filing an injunction to halt the auction, and on Monday night some were seen performing a protest haka outside Sotheby's.
But by last night Mr Rihari was resigned to the fact that an important piece of Ngapuhi and New Zealand history would likely be gone.
The buyer's identity was not known last night, but Mr Rihari had earlier said he hoped "our museums" would bid. "We have gone as far as we can but at the end of the day there's not much more we can do."
The Ngati Torehina kaumatua from the Purerua Peninsula said he sought a postponement of the auction so he could have a discussion with Sotheby's but was "flatly refused".
"It's in the hands of people in Australia who have their own rules and regulations for the protection of their objects of cultural significance and they believe that this medal is of as much importance to them as it is to us here in New Zealand."
Sotheby's chief Gary Singer said before the auction that the reserve on the medal, which was in mint condition and a fine example of colonial silver-smithing, was A$300,000.
The auction was to go ahead because no one could clearly state their links to Te Pahi, he said.
"No one has come forward and said, 'This is the basis of my claim' - when people make a claim they usually back it up," he said
The medal was also an important piece of Australian history and one of its "prouder moments".
"This was an incident where we recognised an indigenous visitor and we have gone out of our way to be friendly and treated him with respect."
Te Pahi received the medal for helping to foster relationships and trade between Maori and the British at the turn of the 19th century.
But he died after an apparent revenge attack for the massacre of the crew of the whaling ship The Boyd at Whangaroa a year earlier.
The medal had been in a family's possession for at least 120 years before it was taken to Sotheby's.
Te Pahi, whose name was Anglicised to Tippahee on the medal, struck up a friendship with Mr King and stayed with him in Sydney for three months.
He was keen on accessing colonial technology and goods while the governor sought protection for whaling crews that were being seen on northern shores with increasing frequency.
|
<urn:uuid:3be94593-92fc-486b-8c61-de2ab29f2333>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=11238826
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280504.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00140-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.986621
| 686
| 1.851563
| 2
|
Rehearsals were held in the upper room of the Corn Exchange before the building of the first storey, as it is today.
The conditions of membership are an interesting facet of how interest in the new Association might be stimulated. Ordinary members subscription was set at ten shillings and sixpence: those who could afford it were invited to become Associate members paying one guinea which would enable them to attend all the meetings and entitle them to the usual associate privileges. In addition there was a reduction in the fee for any member of an associate's family who wished to join. The editor of the Fifeshire Journal stated that, "there are many in Cupar, a score at least, who, if they cannot sing themselves can pay to keep others singing and go out and hear them," - an early form of sponsorship. Membership, however, was not confined only to enthusiasm and the ability to pay, e.g. any new members had to certified as eligible by at least three ordinary members. Musical qualifications were even more stringent. What was demanded was, "a complete knowledge of music, correctness in time and intonation, and some degree of practice in singing both solo and concerted music". Such a tall order as this leads one to speculate on the standard of resident and visiting teachers of music and of precentors in church choirs - unaided at this time by organs in churches. Without and tradition in choral singing apart from glees and madrigals, and psalmody in the churches generally criticised as undisciplined - although improving - the strict requirements for membership seem to be very much in the tradition of Victorian aspiration.
|
<urn:uuid:ce4f1e25-4d37-47ad-b817-4ed4f14a7cea>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
http://cuparchoral.org.uk/history
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573163.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818033705-20220818063705-00066.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.986041
| 337
| 1.96875
| 2
|
Social media's tool that has really only been around for a few years, but it is already pervasive in our society. What is it? There are many ways you might define it but one key characteristic of a social media definition is that is refers to the use of web-based and mobile technologies to turn communication into an interactive dialogue. Stop and think about that for a moment. There are two key words included in that definition that is unique to most traditional communications strategies mobile and interactive.
This fast-paced, two-part looks webinar explores how you effectively engage in social media as business continuity and emergency management professionals. The goal of this session is for you to learn ways to establish a leadership position and learn the basic rules of engagement in this new medium. We will also focus on basic guidelines on the uses of social media and rules to avoid getting into trouble in this brave new world.
Part one will focus on two key aspects of social media, listening and engagement. Part two will focus on participation or interaction with this new audience.
The goal of dividing the webinar into two parts is that you can have time to review (or work on) your companies social media engagement in between the first two sessions and then ask about your concerns and issues in the second session.
If you¹ve wondered what Twitter, Facebook, Foursquare, Gowalla, Google+, and other services have to do you with your role and responsibilities, this session is where you¹ll get the answers.
CONTACT US: (515) 650-0424 | email@example.com | 4400 East University Ave., Suite 101, Pleasant Hill, IA 50327
|
<urn:uuid:0aefef19-ec61-4887-ba31-8a846042a2ed>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://safeguardiowa.wildapricot.org/event-365392
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00068.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.945478
| 361
| 2.34375
| 2
|
Freedom scooters for kids are energy cars or trucks which might be ordinarily a mobility scooter that come with an electrical battery, the commonest style being the gasoline scooter. Within a basic kind they’re nearly the same as standard scooters and they are essentially a remote-control operated sort of a wheelchair. A mobility kid scooter either can be power as well as ext of your mobility device but converted into a driven child scooter.
If you adored this short article and you would certainly like to get more details concerning Wheelchairs or use Walkers or Canes kindly check out our page.
Range of motion kid scooters are certainly favorite simply because they could be obtained anyplace. They are similar to regular electric scooters for kids in this the only distinction is usually that the motorization is completed with an electric motor. Because movability scooters are so an easy task to drive, it’s not rare for somebody to operate a vehicle just one for a variety of time with little or no work. Most people use freedom electric scooters for every day duties like going to the retail store or traveling back and forth do the job. If you have some other person who might be making you since it can make lifestyle less complicated.
Flexibility scooters can be bought in all sizes and shapes so it’s possible to purchase one from somewhere that can work for you properly, this is also excellent. One necessity to consider when thinking about different products is the kind of batteries used. Many people pick a compact electric motor in order to bring them along with them on extensive outings as well as although backpacking. Other movability electric scooters could be run by gasoline however, this can cause extra weight issues when being utilized.
Most range of motion electric scooters include a number of add-ons. By way of example some could be installed using a couch safety net, that will help anyone to remain straight up inside the moped. A smallish storage area travelling bag is sometimes offered combined with wall charger as several of the child scooters possess a integrated wall charger.
There are numerous variations to think about likewise, these include over the prime and also the minimal thrown design. Over the best style is a little bit higher than the other, meaning that a lot of the person is totally exposed versus the minimal-slung design and style. Over the top rated design might be more small however it’s less strong. It is essential to purchase a moped that suits properly while using the security features that exist. This is a very good tip to help you selecting a movability motorbike is to search for an engine which includes a variable tackle that makes it possible for you to get comfy inside the suitable situation.
It is important to reflect upon. You would like the child scooter to stay constant as soon as the excess fat is on there so ensure you have in mind the proper dimensions of its small wheels. It should also suit securely for you to remove it and hang it on in no time.
In the event the mobility scooter does not have an assortment battery charger, you have to make sure that normally the one involved is fine proficiently. It’s also advisable to check out that there are no free parts which may reduce it from operating properly.
Additionally it is necessary to make sure that the electric motor affliction is good. You should check that we now have no breaks or cracks inside the power supply every enter could potentially create a crash. It is additionally a good idea to confirm the battery power has been fully charged or you may perhaps end up receiving a dead power supply.
As well as with the sized the movability scooter it is essential to take into account the excess weight on the gadget as well. Most of the much larger designs weigh more in comparison to the small versions. If the flexibility motorbike is undoubtedly an electronic moped which is more expensive than additional options, this is especially valid. You wish to prevent buying a ability to move scooter that has a weight of an excessive amount.
Electricity is one other thing think about. Make sure you obtain a range of motion scooter with increased electrical power because it usually means which you can get all-around easily and never having to get up on the seat. Almost all of the flexibility kid scooters on the market include a power supply that gives all of you the ability you’ll want to maneuver.
Finally, find the bodyweight in the flexibility moped. Some electric scooters are certainly not heavy and are suitable for lots of requirements, as opposed to other people are incredibly large, which isn’t appropriate for certain makes use of. Previous to buying.
If you have any inquiries relating to where and exactly how to make use of recommended, you can contact us at our own web page.
Associated articles indicated by followers of your website:
|
<urn:uuid:19b474a9-3b2c-431b-87cf-1d163a4a44ef>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://tetezonews.com/how-to-choose-the-correct-flexibility-mobility-scooter/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00266.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.965834
| 991
| 1.640625
| 2
|
The COVID-19 emergency is hitting working people in Europe hard.
Those who work in activities of general interest, such as health care, transportation, agriculture, food production, and many other services are exposed to contagion and are poorly protected. In many cases their working conditions have been worsened.
Those who lost their jobs because of the economic lockdown. Those who are suspended from their jobs and can’t get income compensation. Those who are sick, quarantined or have to assist sick relatives, and are not sufficiently protected in terms of sick pay coverage.
This situation is even more serious for non-standard and precarious workers, platform and self-employed workers, not to mention undeclared workers and undocumented migrants, who do not enjoy the same rights and protection as the other working people.
The European trade unions are working hard to protect workers, jobs and companies during this emergency.
We are negotiating extraordinary measures for workers’ protection with all EU governments, we support those who are obliged to go to work, we provide our joint input together with the other social partners to shape the initiatives needed to face the crisis.
Our priority at the moment is to save the enterprises, making sure that they can survive the lockdown and come back to the markets when it will be finished. And to protect the jobs of our members, making sure that those who are suspended from work do not become unemployed, but can keep their job and receive decent income compensation.
We are fully aware that an extraordinary plan for recovery will have to be designed during the crisis, so it can be implemented in the immediate aftermath. And we are convinced that this plan will have to be based on a more sustainable economic model, without dropping but rather reinforcing the crucial initiatives launched by President von der Leyen in her first 100 days.
We have welcomed the announced Commission’s extraordinary measures to address the COVID-emergency, particularly the idea of testing a scheme for unemployment reinsurance at the European level.
This scheme will be effective particularly if it focuses on preserving people’s jobs, by providing support to short time working arrangements and income compensation for workers suspended from their job. Keeping people in their job should also be a condition for enterprises to receive financial support. And of course, unemployed people and non-standard and self-employed workers should also receive appropriate income compensation.
Such a European scheme should provide financial support to Member States on top of the national systems, but should also help Member States to develop national schemes, since they are not in place in all countries. We are at the full disposal of the Commission’s services to provide all technical advice needed to shape such measures, since we are in permanent contact with our affiliates on the ground.
The reason I am writing to you with a matter of urgency is that the money the Commission has decided to mobilise for the setting of this European scheme – the unspent EU budget’s resources – is not sufficient to deliver an efficient measure, which can benefit all Member States and all categories of workers in need.
This is the reason why we strongly supported the idea of issuing a European common debt instrument, such corona bonds, to support the scheme for unemployment reinsurance at European level. To be very clear, there is no other option to finance such a scheme and to raise enough money to make it effectively operational.
We were really disappointed to see that the Eurogroup’s meeting yesterday did not consider this option. I therefore ask you, in the name of the 45 million workers we represent in Europe, to take action at the videoconference of the European Council tomorrow to convince the Member States to take this decision.
The crisis is escalating and there is no time to wait. We have to take responsibility to put in place extraordinary measures able to prevent a massive recession and stop millions of jobs being destroyed. If this is not avoided by urgent action now, it will take decades to Europe to recover.
I thank you for your kind attention.
|
<urn:uuid:ce508b8a-b47b-4158-8424-fe9b58f77a5d>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://www.etuc.org/en/document/etuc-letter-presidents-michel-von-der-leyen-and-centeno
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570741.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808001418-20220808031418-00075.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.962887
| 827
| 1.585938
| 2
|
Friday, November 29, 2013/lk
Psalm 118 - “Give thanks to the Lord, for he is good; his steadfast love endures forever!”
Nearly 400 years ago in the month of November, a sailing ship anchored off what is now called Rhode Island. The ship was the Mayflower. It carried a small group of religious outcasts from Europe. They built the first permanent English-speaking community in North America.
The observation of Thanksgiving celebrates their courage, determination and faithfulness.
No immigrants to North American have ever been more carefully screened for purity, piety, good character and proper theology. These were the “pilgrims,” the Puritans who were to write the beginnings of North American lifestyle.
For them the Bible was the foundation of all thought and action. It provided them with a total pattern for emotional, intellectual, social and civil life. The Puritans wanted a “purer” form of religion than they had experienced in Europe. They wanted to cleanse the church of hierarchy, of set prayers, of vestments, of outward signs, of all that might detract from the purity of thought and worship, including even wedding rings and Christmas!
Today the Puritans are easily criticized. Their rigidity in all aspects of life sometimes led to abuse of those who failed to live up to the strict code of conduct.
Today we use the word “puritanical” in a negative sense. Surely we do not want to be mean or unforgiving when people do things with which we do not agree. However, we could benefit from the adoption of some of their better qualities. Among these are:
…Industry. The Puritans lived by the conviction that God was glorified in hard work and the attendant results. We call it the “Protestant work ethic” today. Work for them was more than doing a job. It was the way in which God called out a person’s entire range of gifts and graces.
…Morality. They leaned heavily on the “thou shalt nots” and included more things in the ‘shalt not’ list than we would. Surely music, dancing, fine clothes and theater are not inherently evil. However, the Puritans felt that giving up these small pleasures for a deeper dimension of joy was the godly way of life.
Many today would agree that we have moved too far in the opposite direction to the point that some people feel there is nothing that should be restricted. It seems that even when squarely confronted with our sins, humans struggle for the creativity to evade indictment.
Among some of the more notable responses to being caught red-handed are these: French President Valery Giscard d’Estaing, when caught accepting $250,000 worth of diamonds as a “gift, - “so what!”; the Duke of Wellington, when a former mistress threatened to publish an extremely explicit set of memoirs - “Publish and be damned!”; Grover Cleveland, when news of the existence of his illegitimate son hit all the papers - got elected; Richard Nixon, when trying to face down the Watergate debacle - “I am not a crook!”
We would do well to follow the example of our Puritan ancestors and examine everything we do in light of what would be pleasing to God.
…Simplicity. The early Puritans were forced to lead simple lives by the nature of their circumstances. However, their descendants made a conscious choice to live simply. Today the phrase “Live simply that others might live” is one that would benefit our whole world.
Jesus taught all would-be followers to relinquish the love of “things,” the desire for “stuff” that fills our hearts with an insatiable desire for more and controls the mainsprings of our lives. Jesus revealed to the rich young man the heart of his shortcomings. His “stuff” blocked the staff of life. His love of stuff blocked his way to genuine discipleship, to the kingdom of God. Jesus challenged the man to give up his trust in things, to relinquish his hold on what he held, to give up his control, to take up God’s security (Luke 18:18-25).
Another man who came to know Jesus took up the challenge of living simply and decided to divest himself of a remarkable fortune. Charles F. Feeney was a quiet, virtually unknown New Jersey Irishman. However, he just happened to be worth somewhat over $600 million. Committed to living a simpler, less consumptive lifestyle, this rich man gradually, almost furtively, gave away $600 million without anyone knowing about it. All he kept for himself was one half of 1 percent of his entire estate for his “old age.” Feeney owns no house, no car, and lives a simple, unremarkable lifestyle.
…Community. There are many voices in our culture encouraging us to look out for Number One. The Puritans may have at times been too involved in the lives of their neighbors, yet their motives were genuine concern for the welfare of the community and of their neighbors.
In his 2003 ASCD Educational Leadership article, Creating a School Community, author and educator Eric Schaps states, “a growing body of research confirms the benefits of building a sense of community in school. Students in schools with a strong sense of community are more likely to be academically motivated (Solomon, Battistich, Watson, Schaps, & Lewis, 2000); to act ethically and altruistically (Schaps, Battistich, & Solomon, 1997); to develop social and emotional competencies (Solomon et al., 2000); and to avoid a number of problem behaviors, including drug use and violence (Resnick et al., 1997).”
What is true in school is true for the rest of society.
As you and your family gather this holiday season, give some thought to the Puritans and what we can learn from them today. People are intended to work hard, live a moral life, live simply and be in harmony with our neighbors.
May your Thanksgiving celebration and the coming holiday season be filled with gratitude to God for all the blessings and joy of family and friends surrounding you.
‑ Rev. Pat Beeman is pastor of the Sunnyside United Methodist Church.
|
<urn:uuid:6358cdf3-fae4-4aca-bf8b-5ca0c3d253e8>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://t.dailysunnews.com/news/2013/nov/29/we-can-learn-puritans/?templates=tablet
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00439-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.972396
| 1,330
| 3.390625
| 3
|
What Is A Digital Piano?
While it should seem at least a little bit obvious on the surface, the truth of the matter is that even many established musicians simply don’t understand exactly what a digital piano is.
This is because there is a lot of conflicting information out there in regards to exactly what digital pianos are capable of (and more specifically, what they are not capable of), leading people to shy away from these digital instruments even when they might be the exact type of solution that is based been dreaming about.
Hopefully this quick breakdown of digital pianos and exactly what they bring to the table – as well as some of their minor flaws that cannot be overlooked – gives you the kind of insider information you’ve been looking for to make the right purchasing decision.
Digital pianos are basically traditional pianos that have been shrunken down and digitalized
It doesn’t get any more simple or straightforward than this.
While pianos have been around for hundreds and hundreds of years, they are (traditionally) tremendously big and bulky – not to mention finicky – instruments. Musicians from all eras have been looking for the ultimate solution to shrink down their favorite pianos, but it’s only because of the recent boom in digital technology that they’ve been able to do so effectively.
Mostly comprised of the keyboard – with all of the other critical electronic components hiding behind the tight and compact form factor – digital keyboards come in a wide variety of shapes and size, and offer a range of different performance abilities.
Digital pianos have been designed for size and convenience
One of the biggest reasons that people continue to invest in digital piano solutions over traditional pianos is because of their size (digital pianos are ridiculously more compact than traditional pianos) as well as their convenience factor when it comes to post producing audio at a later date.
Most of the newer digital pianos have a number of connectivity options (and some of the high-end products even have post-production components built right in), making for a much easier audio editing process. You’ll also be able to carry your digital piano almost anywhere with you, without having to hire a moving company to tote your baby grand around each and every time you need to get to band practice.
There are a number of digital piano manufacturers out there, but you’ll want to stick to ones with a bit of a reputation in the industry
The only problem that most people have shopping for digital pianos is that they look at the price tag before any other feature. And while this is certainly something to pay close attention to (especially in our current down economy), the truth of the matter is that you’re probably going to need to spend at least a little bit of money to get an instrument that will meet your specific needs.
Working closely with the higher end manufacturers will obviously give you a better product – not only protecting your investment for years and years to come, but also giving you the kind of high level performance and sound output that you’ve been looking for.
|
<urn:uuid:21795b7f-8c8e-4aa8-897d-15efdc651aff>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://www.bestdigitalpianos.org/what-is-a-digital-piano/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00067.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.961862
| 630
| 2.109375
| 2
|
We expect every report of Violence Against Women and Girls (VAWG) to be treated seriously from the point of disclosure, every victim to be treated with dignity, and every investigation and every prosecution to be conducted thoroughly and professionally.Home Office, Ratification of Istanbul Convention Report, Oct 2020.
Well-intentioned governments have a plan to tackle domestic abuse. The Scottish Government understand that Violence Against Women and Girls is a fundamental violation of human rights and the country is steadfast in resigning domestic abuse to the history books. Scotland plans to embrace equality, tackle and prosecute perpetrators and use early intervention to prevent and eradicate the shameful plague on our citizens, economy, health services and criminal justice system. Scotland understands coercive control and the deep-rooted beliefs and values held by abusers. It is implementing swift and radical legislation to uphold the human rights of women and children subjected to harm. Legislation is proving to be effective, with an 84% conviction rate reported for the new Coercive Control offence, a number which is expected to rise. (National Statistics, Crime & Justice, 2019-2020).
Scotland’s vision is clear, but there is a significant obstacle blocking the path to the kind and safe country Scotland aspires to be. When women and children report and disclose mental and physical violence in the family courts, the court’s response is to blame, punish and silence them. The vulnerable get subjected to an often horrifying and lengthy ordeal. There is no dignity, only disparagement, for the family courts thoroughly scrutinise the victim’s behaviour, not the perpetrators. Raising violence in the family courts can be a frightening experience for women and children. The family courts are an institution that prioritises child contact over child safety, and they are often strict and authoritarian in their approach.
Psychological and violent abusers get absolved overnight when they enter the civil court process. Mother-blaming non-scientific theories are routinely used in family courts. They give the appearance of mutual conflict, conceal cruel behaviour and render controlling and dangerous parents unimpeachable. Horrific incidents get moved to a box labelled historic and perpetrators are considered good enough parents worthy of not just a second chance, but a third and fourth – for the pattern of cruel and harmful behaviour continues over the years of court-ordered co-parenting. The judiciary routinely turns a blind eye to the harm.
There are several access to justice barriers in the family courts for women and children who experience mental and physical violence. When the blame and burden of domestic abuse is shifted onto women and children they are sentenced to years of further suffering which does extraordinary short and long term damage. Raise claims of abusive behaviour and the ‘parental alienation’ card is played, shutting down efforts to report and disclose; mothers get labelled vengeful and hostile, and children get labelled influenced or manipulated. There is no fair and accessible complaints process – if complaints are raised, women and children get punished further and the ‘privilege’ card is played; the secrecy surrounding court reports and judgements only further emboldens those who abuse their power.
By failing to address domestic abuse appropriately, the family courts are impeding Governments’ efforts to tackle all forms of Violence Against Women and Girls and perpetuating the debilitating cycles of abuse. Governments committed to ratifying the Istanbul Convention must pay close attention to the practices in the family courts. While mandatory training in domestic abuse is essential, it does not address the root cause of the family court’s refusal to respect the human rights of women and children and protect them from harm. Individuals deep-rooted beliefs and values are at the heart of the cruelty, and they must get tackled swiftly and head-on.
The Spanish Government has recently taken firm action by outlawing the use of mother-blaming non-scientific theories that silence the child’s voice, such as parental alienation. GREVIO, the human rights body mandated to monitor the implementation of the Istanbul Convention, has urged the Italian authorities to ammend legislation to,
- explicitly recognise the need to take into account incidents of violence
- investigate any report of violence
- ensure that only those professionals who are attuned to the issue of violence against women can be appointed by courts to provide advice on issues of custody and visitation in situations of violence against women
- ban the use by court-appointed experts, social workers and courts of concepts related to “parental alienation”, as well as any other approach or principle, such as the “friendly parent provision”
Many judges and legal and mental health practitioners in the family court system stubbornly refuse to acknowledge and show remorse for the harm the family courts do to women and children. The family court’s approach directly clashes with Scotland’s plans to tackle domestic abuse, prevent harm and protect its citizens. Well-intentioned governments must now follow Spain and legislate to end the harm. They must outlaw the use of mother blaming theories in the family courts, and they must remove the presumption of contact that exists. They must bring transparency and openness to the family court system and root out professional misconduct once and for all.
Victims of controlling and violent perpetrators seek freedom and safety; they seek the opportunity to move forward with their lives and heal. Children deserve to grow up as free-thinking individuals in a safe environment. If the family courts refuse to set women and children free, then the Government must.
|
<urn:uuid:3a2fafc2-f6e7-47ff-ab7e-fcfa451f5eb1>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://thecourtsaid.org/2021/05/23/legislate-to-protect/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572304.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816120802-20220816150802-00467.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.941615
| 1,104
| 2.90625
| 3
|
Conservative principles of law-and-order and limited government clashed this morning in United States v. Comstock. At issue was the constitutionality of 18 U.S.C. § 4248, which provides for the federal government’s civil commitment of sex offenders after they have served out their full sentences in federal prisons.
On the one hand, section 4248 keeps off the streets convicted sex offenders deemed by federal authorities to be a continuing threat when they otherwise would be released back into the state where they committed their offense. This much seems wise: if a state is unwilling to exercise its police and public welfare powers by rehabilitating its violent sexual offenders upon their release from federal prisons, the federal government surely shouldn’t just let those deemed a continuing danger to society roam free among, well, society. This is the United States’ position in Comstock.
On the other hand, section 4248 relies on provisions of the constitution that may not authorize such federal action, however wise or well-intentioned. Specifically, Comstock argues that the Commerce Clause and the Necessary and Proper Clause of Article I, both relied upon by Congress in creating section 4248, do not cover civil commitment of criminals when the federal government’s power, through the prison sentence has been exhausted.
Solicitor General Elena Kagan rested her argument for the United States largely on the Necessary and Proper Clause, with barely a nod to the Commerce Clause. That much in itself was a victory for the late Chief Justice Rehnquist’s “federalism revolution,” which, to varying degrees of success, sought to limit the expansive reach of the Commerce Clause to issues more closely connected to interstate commerce than the permissive post-1937 Courts often allowed.
But only Justice Scalia truly seemed to believe that 4248 also strained the bounds of the Necessary and Proper Clause to maintain law and order. Justice Scalia looked to the text of the Necessary and Proper Clause, finding nowhere that it authorizes the federal government to act according to what is “necessary and proper for the good of society.” Rather, he maintained that the clause enabled the federal government’s actions that were necessary and proper to execute another power given to the federal government by the constitution itself. As such, he agreed with what would be the defendant’s argument that the states and states alone are responsible federal prisoners whose sentences have run.
Kagan countered that indefinite civil commitment of sexual offenders under 4248 was necessary and proper to the “responsible exercise of operating the criminal justice system.” On this point–that the federal government needed its own civil commitment regime as a “backstop” for when the state governments refused responsibility for released federal prisoners–Justices Alito and Breyer seemed sympathetic. They peppered G. Alan DuBois, a veteran federal public defender and counsel for Comstock, with hypotheticals about the constitutionality of the federal government’s ability to deal with prisoners who grows more violent while in prison or, in the opposite instance, is injured in jail in an attack by another prisoner as his sentence ends. Per these and several other hypotheticals, Alito and Breyer both seemed to believe that the federal government does have the power to retain custody over prisoners that it deems dangerous to public health and safety, or to themselves, upon their scheduled release from federal custody.
As Justice Breyer persisted in exploring the federal government’s power to set up, for example, national mental hospitals, Justice Scalia clutched his head in frustration: “No, No, No! The Issue is not setting up hospitals, it’s detaining and committing people!” Scalia simply could not believe that any governor or state attorney general, upon receiving a note or a call from the federal government, would deny his or her obligation to civilly commit a sexual offender and rather face the electoral consequences of letting such a criminal roam the state without rehabilitation. Justice Stevens then took the opportunity to look at the statute from the opposite end of Scalia’s looking glass, suggesting that the Court look to the wisdom of the statute and “assume there are cases out there that there is no solution” like Scalia’s belief that all states would naturally accept responsibility for rehabilitating federal prisoners released within their borders.
But DuBois stood firm against Stevens’, as well as Justice Ginsburg’s, apparent approval of the federal “backstop” when states refuse to cooperate. Chief Justice Roberts tested DuBois’s position, asking that “if a state says no” to receiving a released, but still dangerous, federal prisoner, “then the federal government says, ‘you have to’?” DuBois dug in: “Yes, the Constitution requires it.”
Scalia remained astonished that the other justices even entertained the federal government’s claims of responsibility. Noting that states have involuntary commitment procedures, he wondered why the federal government could not simply fund an office that brings state proceedings for involuntary commitment. “They should do that!” Dubois actually shouted in reply. When Stevens tried to get the Court back to assessing whether 4248 itself was constitutional, Scalia shot back that the statute “isn’t even necessary!”
Towards the end of the argument, Justice Sotomayor interjected with a compromise, asking DuBois if it would be constitutional for a judge to mandate civil commitment for a sexual offender during his trial’s sentencing phase. If such a mandate contained protections to avoid turning indefinite commitment into interminable detention, then it would be constitutional, replied DuBois.
Sotomayor’s trial-judge pragmatism may persuade all but Scalia (and possibly the ever-silent Justice Thomas) to side with public safety over rock-ribbed federalism and uphold 4248 as constitutional. If this happens, then Scalia, confronted with Sotomayor’s aggressive questioning this term and her possible coup over his Melendez-Diaz decision in yesterday’s Briscoe v. Virginia, may finally be meeting his match.
UPDATE: Read the official transcript here and use the comments section to call me out on my own transcription errors.
|
<urn:uuid:d989c7ee-cc7c-4b45-9b5e-d1f3e3b3f898>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
https://f11f.wordpress.com/2010/01/12/post-comstocking/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279189.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00060-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.948253
| 1,303
| 1.992188
| 2
|
British motorists are becoming more patient and polite, according to a survey.
Far from the image of a nation of road-rage drivers, more than a third (34 per cent) of those polled said they smiled at other motorists when pushing in a queue or jumping lanes, while 20 per cent use a friendly wave.
Only three per cent admitted to losing their temper and swearing, with motorists aged 45 to 54 the worst offenders.
More women than men are prepared to use their charms by smiling at other drivers but motorists aged over 55 are the least smiley of any age group.
The survey was carried out in April with 2,000 respondents by Opinion Matters for car supermarket Carcraft.
The poll also revealed that 60% of motorists are happy to sit in queuing traffic until it moves, with 25 per cent prepared to seek an alternative route.
Only a small minority said they pushed in where they could or jumped from lane-to-lane.
Julia Dallimore, from Carcraft, said: “It appears drivers are getting less wound up when they’re on the road.
“They’re becoming more patient and courteous, and instead of using their horns, swearing or cutting in front of other drivers they’re opting to use a smile or a wave instead.
“Britain is definitely driving happier.”
|
<urn:uuid:78c282bd-c61c-4232-8c49-7595a0e9b782>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://www.ripleyandheanornews.co.uk/news/drivers-becoming-more-polite-1-4663139
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279410.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00162-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.962617
| 281
| 1.6875
| 2
|
Madrassas in Karnataka to give modern education
Based on inputs by Shahid
Madrassas in Karnataka will agree to incorporate modern education to their students. This will benefit around 30,000 children of various age groups studying in 900 madrassas.
This is a result of talks between ulemas of the community and the government. These students will get certification from the National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) for completing class 10 or class 12 courses.
The scheme, being spearheaded by the ministry of minority welfare with the Karnataka minority welfare department being the nodal agency, has provisions for financial assistance to madrassas for hiring subject teachers.
Minority department secretary AB Ibrahim has said that the salary for subject teachers will be based on the teacher’s qualification and number of students taught. This may range between Rs 6,000 and Rs 14,000 per month. “While this is just the beginning, we’re confident of convincing them to open the doors for modern education based on NIOS curriculum. There will
be another meeting with community leaders and ulemas to take it further,” said Ibrahim.
The ulemas at the discussion on Saturday evening said the scheme is a welcome change for the community to secure meaningful employment.
“Though our madrassa students have the qualifications, especially in recent times when some of us have introduced computers, mathematics, science, etc in our teaching, they did not have the opportunity to go out into the world for further studies or employment simply because of lack of certification. With NIOS certification, this may help the community grow
stronger,” said Moulana Maqsood Imran.
Government and madrassas agreed that introduction of modern education will be completely voluntary and there’ll be no government interference in religious and spiritual teachings.
The state government is targeting the major madrassas which have 100 or more students to ensure wider reach of the scheme
|
<urn:uuid:661233c4-63e2-45b4-8e59-8bcbc690143e>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://positivenewscorner.com/2020/09/17/madrassas-in-karnataka-to-give-modern-education/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572198.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815175725-20220815205725-00271.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.942719
| 409
| 1.984375
| 2
|
U.S. Supreme Court Simms & Wise v. Slacum, 7 U.S. 3 Cranch 300 300 (1806)
Simms & Wise v. Slacum
7 U.S. (3 Cranch) 300
ERROR TO THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE DISTRICT
OF COLUMBIA FOR THE COUNTY OF WASHINGTON
A discharge from the prison rules under the insolvent act of Virginia, although obtained by fraud, is a discharge in due course of law, and upon such discharge no action can be sustained upon the prison bounds bond.
Error to the Circuit Court of the District of Columbia in an action of debt brought by Slacum as assignee of Charles Turner, Sergeant of the Court of Hustings of Alexandria, upon a prison bounds bond in which Simms was the principal and Wise the surety.
The condition of the bond was as follows:
"Whereas Jesse Simms, in jail and custody by virtue of a writ of capias ad satisfaciendum sued out of the clerk's office of the Court of Hustings holden in Alexandria, dated 12 August, 1800, at the suit of George Slacum, assignee of Charles Turner, sergeant of the court of hustings aforesaid, for the sum of $1,285.45,
including all legal costs at the time of the caption aforesaid, having prayed the benefit of the prison rules, as laid out and bounded by order of the court of hustings aforesaid, and having tendered the above bound Peter Wise, Jr., as surety for the same, agreeable to an act of the general assembly in that case made and provided."
"Now if the said Jesse Simms do well and truly keep himself within the prison rules, as laid out and bounded by the court of hustings aforesaid and from thence not depart until he shall be discharged by due course of law or pay the aforesaid sum of $1,285.45 to the aforesaid George Slacum, assignee of Charles Turner, sergeant aforesaid, then the above obligation to be void, or else to remain in full force. . . ."
The pleadings were finally brought to this issue whether Simms did depart from the prison rules without being discharged by due course of law.
At the trial, three bills of exceptions were taken by the defendants, but the only question decided by this Court arose upon the third, which stated that after the execution of the bond, Simms was discharged by a warrant from two justices of the peace under the authority of the insolvent act of Virginia, and that being so discharged, and not before, he departed out of the rules. The plaintiff offered evidence to prove sundry acts of fraud committed by Simms in order to procure the discharge, whereupon the counsel for the defendants prayed the opinion of the court and its instruction to the jury that if it should be of opinion from the evidence that frauds were committed individually by Simms in obtaining his discharge, but without the participation of the magistrates who granted it and without the participation of Wise, the other defendant, such frauds so committed by Simms could not so far vitiate or avoid the said proceedings under the insolvent act and the discharge so obtained by Simms as to charge Wise in this action for a breach of the condition of the bond by reason of Simms' having left the prison rules by virtue of such discharge. Which instruction the court refused to give, but was of opinion and directed the jury that if it should be of opinion from the evidence that any fraud was committed by Simms alone in obtaining or for the purpose of
obtaining the said warrant of discharge, though without the concurrence of either of the magistrates or of Wise in such fraud, it did avoid the discharge so obtained by Simms, so as to charge Wise in this action for a breach of the said condition, by reason of Simms' having left the prison rules by virtue of such a void discharge. To which refusal and instruction the defendants excepted.
The Act of Assembly of Virginia, 1792, c. 67, concerning the county courts, § 15, P.P. 86, authorizes the county and corporation courts to lay out and mark the "bounds and rules" of their respective prisons, and declares that
"Every prisoner not committed for treason or felony, giving good security to keep within the said rules, shall have liberty to walk therein out of the prison for the preservation of his or her health, and keeping continually within the said bounds, shall be adjudged in law a true prisoner."
The act of 1792, c. 79, concerning the escape of prisoners, § 2, P.P. 119, provides that if a prisoner, having given security for and obtained the liberty of the prison rules shall escape and go out of the same, the sheriff shall immediately apply to a justice of the peace for an escape warrant to retake the prisoner and give notice thereof to the creditor, and assign over to the creditor the bond taken for the liberty of the rules, who shall be obliged to receive the same, and the creditor may proceed to take his debtor upon the escape warrant, and if he be retaken and committed to jail, the sureties in the prison rules bond, shall be discharged; but if the debtor be not retaken on the warrant and committed, the sureties are liable to the creditor. And the sheriff is not liable unless the sureties were insufficient when taken.
By the 1st section of the act, the escape warrant must be upon the oath of the sheriff or some other credible person.
The act of 1793, c. 151, for the relief of insolvent debtors, P.P. 303, authorizes two justices of the peace to discharge insolvent debtors, and provides that notice
shall be given to the party at whose suit the prisoner is in execution. It declares also that the warrant of discharge shall be sufficient to indemnify the sheriff against any action of escape. And that the prisoner shall not be again imprisoned upon any judgment obtained previous to his taking the oath, unless by virtue of a ca. sa. issued by order of the court in which the judgment shall have been rendered.
The estate of the insolvent is vested in the sheriff. But the creditor may, on scire facias, have a new fi. fa. to seize any property which the debtor may afterwards acquire.
C. Lee, for plaintiffs in error. A prisoner in the bounds is as much in jail as if within the walls of the prison. The oath of the insolvent debtor was provided as the guard against fraud, but the bond is only a substitute for walls to the prison bounds. As to the surety, a discharge by a competent authority is conclusive.
The warrant of discharge is an indemnity to the sheriff, whether obtained by fraud or not. The act of assembly does not expressly provide that it shall indemnify the surety as well as the sheriff, but he is within the same reason.
The body of the debtor cannot be retaken unless by order of the court, on proof of fraud. In the case of fraud in the debtor alone, the remedy of the creditor is not by an escape warrant, but by a new ca. sa. against his person, or a fi. fa. against his goods.
The sheriff is bound to discharge the prisoner upon receipt of the warrant; if he disobeys, it he is liable to an action of false imprisonment, and after obeying it, he cannot go before a justice of the peace, and swear it was an escape, so as to obtain an escape warrant. If he cannot get an escape warrant, he cannot assign the prison rules bond, for he is, by the act, only authorized to assign it when an escape has actually happened. The creditor is not bound to take an assignment; nor can he demand it. When, therefore, the debtor is discharged by a competent authority, the obligation of the bond ceases. It is functus officio; the surety is no longer liable for an escape, and is
as much discharged as if, after an escape, the debtor is retaken on an escape warrant and committed to jail.
The act of assembly did not intend that the bond should give the creditor a new security for his debt, or to place him in a better situation than he would be if his debtor were to remain within the stone walls of the jail. The bond was intended for the case and benefit of the debtor.
If the bond is a security against the fraud of the debtor, there are no bounds to the responsibility of the surety.
The words "in due course of law" mean by authority of law -- that is, by a competent legal authority.
The notice required by the act to be given to the creditor is to enable him to attend and show fraud if he can. But if the surety is answerable for fraud, it would be more for the interest of the creditor not to show the fraud at that time, but to wait until it has had the effect of obtaining a discharge.
If a judgment at law is obtained by fraud, it is still a valid judgment until reversed.
Swann, for defendant in error. In England it is settled that a discharge under an insolvent act must be free from fraud or collusion, and in every respect regular. It is true that the warrant of discharge is prima facie evidence of a due discharge, and throws the burden of proof of fraud upon the other party. Esp.N.P. 167, 245. But fraud, when proved, will "avoid every kind of act." 1 Burr. 395. Bright v. Eynou.
In order to guard a creditor against the risk of his debtor's escape when allowed the liberty of the prison rules, the law requires that the debtor should bind himself in a penalty, and if he escapes, he is as much liable at law for the penalty as his surety is, and the surety is as much bound as the debtor. The one is bound exactly as the other is bound. If the penalty is forfeited as to one, it is forfeited as to the other. Whatever would make Simms liable upon the bond would make Wise equally
liable. If, then, Simms had voluntarily escaped, he would have been liable to the penalty of his bond. But a discharge obtained by fraud and imposition is, as to him at least, void; otherwise you permit a men to take advantage of his own fraud, for if the discharge is valid, it puts an end to his obligation upon his bond. A discharge obtained by fraud is in substance as much an escape as if the prisoner had merely gone off in disguise or imposed upon his jailor by a borrowed dress. But it is a maxim of law, that no man shall gain an advantage by his own fraud. If this fraudulent discharge dissolves the obligation of the bond, Simms gains an advantage by his own fraud; therefore the fraudulent discharge cannot dissolve the obligation of the bond. If the obligation of the bond be not dissolved as to Simms, it is not as to Wise, for both are equally bound.
But the words of the condition of the bond are that Simms shall not depart therefrom "until he shall be discharged by due course of law." A discharge obtained by fraud and imposition is not a discharge in due course of law; on the contrary, it is a perversion of the course of law -- the law is turned aside from its due course. Shall Simms be permitted to say that his discharge, grounded on falsehood, fraud, and imposition is a discharge in due course of law? If Simms cannot say it, Wise cannot say it. Wise can avail himself of no defense at law which would not equally avail Simms.
There is a vast difference between the case of the sheriff and that of the surety. The sheriff is bound to obey the warrant. All he has to inquire is whether the justices had jurisdiction. He is only the officer of the law, and bound to execute all lawful precepts. Not so the surety. He is a volunteer. He undertakes for the good faith of the debtor. He substitutes himself in his place, to the extent of the penalty.
It is not necessary that the sheriff should swear an escape before he can assign the bond. It is true he cannot oblige the creditor to take the bond, unless an escape has been sworn to; but there is nothing in the law which forbids the sheriff to assign the bond, or the creditor to receive it, without such an oath.
MR. CHIEF JUSTICE MARSHALL delivered the opinion of the majority of the Court.
This case depends on the construction of an act of the Legislature of Virginia which allows the prison rules to a debtor whose body is in execution, on his giving bond, with sufficient security, not to go out of the rules or bounds of the prison -- that is, while a prisoner. The condition usually inserted is not to depart therefrom till he shall be discharged by due course of law, or shall pay the debt. The act further provides that the prisoner, on delivering a schedule of his property on oath to a tribunal constituted for the purpose and pursuing certain steps prescribed in the law, shall be discharged, and all his property shall be vested in the sheriff, for the benefit of the creditors at whose suit he is in execution.
In the case at bar, the forms of the law were observed, and a certificate of discharge obtained, after which the debtor departed from the rules. Conceiving this discharge to have been obtained by fraud, the creditor brought a suit upon the bond, and the court instructed the jury that if a fraud had been practiced by the debtor, although neither the justices who granted the certificate, nor the security, partook thereof, yet it avoided the discharge, and left the security liable in this action. To this opinion the defendants' counsel excepted, and upon that exception the cause is before this Court.
The certificate of discharge may be granted either by the court sitting in its ordinary character for the transaction of judicial business or by two magistrates who are constituted by law an extraordinary court for this particular purpose. Whether granted in the one mode or the other, it is of equal validity. In either case, the judgment of discharge is the judgment of a court, and, as such, is of complete obligation.
The judgments of a court of competent jurisdiction, although obtained by fraud, have never been considered as absolutely void, and therefore all acts performed under them are valid so far as respects third persons. A
sheriff who levies an execution under a judgment fraudulently obtained is not a trespasser, nor can the person who purchases at a sale under such an execution be compelled to relinquish the property he has purchased. All acts performed under such a judgment are valid acts; all the legal consequences which follow a judgment are, with respect to third persons, precisely the same in one obtained by fraud as if it had been obtained fairly.
When the person who has committed the fraud attempts to avail himself of the act, so as to discharge himself from a previously existing obligation, or to acquire a benefit, the judgment thus obtained is declared void as to that purpose; but it may well be doubted whether a penalty would be incurred, even by the person committing the fraud, for an act which the judgment would sanction. Thus, if a debtor taken on mesne process escapes, he may be retaken by the authority of the sheriff, and if not retaken, the sheriff may be liable for an escape; but if he fraudulently obtains a judgment in his favor, in consequence of which he goes at large, it has never been imagined that the sheriff could retake him on suspicion that the judgment was fraudulent, or be liable for an escape on the proof of such fraud.
Thus too, where, as in Virginia, an injunction has been adjudged to discharge the body from confinement, if a debtor in execution, by false allegations, obtains an injunction whereby his body is discharged from prison, or from the rules, it has never been conjectured that the injunction thus awarded was void, and the acts performed under it were to be considered as if the injunction had not existed. In that case it would not be alleged that there was an escape, and that the security to the bond for keeping the rules was liable for the debt, because the discharge was fraudulently obtained; but the discharge would have all its legal effects, in like manner as if no imposition had been practiced on the judge by whom it was granted.
The judgment rendered in his favor may not shield the fraudulent debtor from an original claim, but it is believed that no case can be adduced, where an act, which is the legal consequence of a judgment, has in itself created a new responsibility, even with respect to the party
himself, much less with respect to third persons, who de not participate in the fraud.
It would seem, then, upon general principles that a debtor who has departed from the prison rules under the authority of a judgment of discharge, granted in due form by a competent tribunal, has not committed an escape even to charge himself, much less a third person. Such a discharge might not be permitted to protect him from the original debt, even if the case had not been particularly provided for be statute; but the act of departing from the rules, after being thus discharged, could not charge him with a new responsibility to which he was not before liable, much less will it impose on his security a liability for the debt. Departing from the rules after being discharged in due course of law is not a breach of the condition of his bond.
This opinion receives great additional strength from those arguments, drawn from the objects and provisions of the act, which have been forcibly urged from the bar.
The objects of the act unquestionably are not to increase the security of the creditor, but to relieve the debtor from close imprisonment in the confined jails of the country, and to consult his health by giving him the benefit of fresh air. But as this indulgence would furnish the means of escaping from the custody of the officer, and thereby deprive the creditor of his person, it was thought necessary to guard against the danger which the indulgence itself created, not to guard against dangers totally unconnected with this indulgence. Security, therefore, ought in reason to be required against a departure from the rules without a lawful authority so to do, because the means of such departure were furnished by being allowed the use of the rules; but security against a fraud in obtaining such authority need not be required, because the means of practicing that fraud are not facilitated by granting the rules. They may be used by a debtor in close jail as successfully as by a debtor admitted to the rules.
It is also a material circumstance in the construction of the act that ample provision is made for the very case.
A new capias may be awarded to take the person of the debtor. This remedy is not allowed in the case of an escape, and it is strong evidence that the legislature did not contemplate a departure from the rules, under a certificate issued by proper authority, as an escape; that the remedy given the creditor is competent to a redress of the injury, replaces him in the situation in which he was before it was committed, and is not founded on the idea that there has been an escape.
The argument founded on the provisions respecting the property of the debtor, also bear strongly on the case. They confirm the opinion that a departure from the rules, under a certificate of discharge granted by a proper tribunal, ought not to be considered as an escape. So too does that provision of the act which requires notice to the creditor and not to the security.
Without reviewing the various additional arguments which have been suggested at the bar, the Court is of opinion that upon general principles, strengthened by a particular consideration of the act itself, a departure from the rules under such an authority as is stated in the proceedings, is not an escape which can charge the security in the bond for keeping the prison rules, although that authority was obtained by a fraudulent representation on the part of the debtor, neither the magistrates nor the security having participated in that fraud.
There is error, therefore, in the instruction given to the jury, as stated in the third bill of exceptions, for which the judgment is to be reversed and the cause remanded for further trial.
As to the third exception, which embraces the main point in the cause, my opinion differs from the opinion of the majority of the Court, and accords with the direction given by the court below. The condition of the bond is
"that Simms do well and truly keep himself within the prison rules, and thence not to depart until he shall be discharged by due course of law, or pay the sum of $1,285.45, to George Slacum,
assignee. . . ."
The act that will not exonerate the principal, will not exonerate the surety, from the obligation which they have entered into, for the surety stands on the same floor as the principal, and assumes the like character of responsibility, in regard to the terms specified in the condition of the bond. The benefit of the act of insolvency, if obtained by fraud or perjury on the part of Simms, will be unavailing, and his going beyond the limits of the prison, in consequence or under color of a discharge, thus procured, will be an invalid and unwarrantable departure. Fraud infects the decision, and the legal principle is that the fraudulent person shall not be suffered to protect himself by his own fraudulent act. If he should, then a judgment which is laid in fraud will, as in the present case, operate to the extinction of a legal preexisting obligation or contract. But a discharge, fraudulently obtained, is of no virtue -- of no operation -- and is in truth and in law no discharge; it has neither legal effect nor even legal existence as to the party himself and the surety, who stands in his shoes. If the judgment be of no avail as to the principal, it will be of no avail as to the surety; it cannot be ineffectual as to the one and operative as to the other. The discharge must be legal to be valid, and to exonerate the surety from the special condition of the bond. The judgment itself is a fraud on the law, and I can discern no difference between the debtor's going beyond the prison bounds voluntarily, or under color of a judgment so obtained, except that the latter is a case of deeper dye and less excusable in a legal and moral view than the former.
Although Simms is liable to be imprisoned by virtue of a new process, yet he may have gone out of the jurisdiction of the court, or if not, Slacum will be deprived of the benefit of the bond which Simms and Wise executed.
The sheriff stands on different ground, for he is exonerated from all liability by an express provision in the statute. Besides, if the justices have jurisdiction of the subject and should not exceed their jurisdiction, it is not incumbent on the sheriff to examine into the regularity, fairness, and validity of their proceedings and judgment; he looks at the instrument of discharge, which, emanating
from a competent authority, it is his duty to obey. But though the discharge may excuse the sheriff, as an officer of the court, it will not excuse the party, nor his surety. As to them, it is inoperative, and of no legal efficacy.
|
<urn:uuid:a1c1728e-e09d-45d2-bc22-852c7e5e58f0>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
https://www.legalcrystal.com/case/78377/simms-wise-vs-slacum
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281331.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00218-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.972092
| 4,852
| 1.53125
| 2
|
Turkish leaders push for smoking ban
The bill, which is likely to pass, challenges the stereotype of "smoking like a Turk."
ISTANBUL, TURKEY — Since founding the first anti-smoking organization in Turkey 12 years ago, Ubeyd Korbey has become accustomed to being one of the country's most quixotic figures.
With one of the highest smoking rates in the world, Turkey isn't exactly a haven for antismoking activists. The thick smoke of cigarettes often seems like a natural part of the country's landscape. And the expression "smoke like a Turk" has even entered the lexicon of several European languages as a way to describe an excessive smoker.
"When I started this work, I was extremely lonely. Everybody was against me," says Mr. Korbey, president of the Turkish Foundation for Fighting Smoking.
But Korbey and other antismoking activists in Turkey may soon be feeling a little less lonely. A far-reaching bill working its way through the Turkish parliament is aiming to tackle the country's widespread smoking habit.
The bill would expand an existing - though often poorly enforced - ban on smoking in certain public areas to the private sphere. It would mandate non-smoking areas in restaurants and coffeehouses, forbid drivers with passengers in their car from taking a puff, and even outlaw the appearance of cigarettes in films shown on television (smoking censors will have them blurred out).
Meanwhile, the municipality in Istanbul's well-heeled Sisli district has already passed its own groundbreaking ordinance, banning smoking in shopping centers and Internet cafes, among other places.
These initiatives, activists and politicians say, reflect an important change in a country that once didn't think twice about lighting up.
"Five or ten years ago it would not have been possible to try to pass laws like this. There would not have been anyone in Parliament to support it," Korbey says. "The mentality has changed."
But while these new efforts to stamp out smoking are homegrown, some of the inspiration behind them appears to be drawn from the reforms Turkey has been implementing in the political and economic spheres as part of its drive to join the European Union.
"Our law will be near to European Union laws," says Cevdet Erdol, a cardiologist who is chairman of the parliament's health committee.
"It's important for Turkey to have health standards on the level with Europe and the United States."
Spain, for example, recently passed a law that prohibits smoking in bars and restaurants. Ukraine, Sweden, and Montenegro also recently passed laws banning smoking in some or all public places.
Turkish officials say cigarettes represent a serious health concern for the country of 71 million, where some 60 percent of men, 20 percent of women, and 11.7 percent of schoolchildren smoke. On the European continent, the average smoking rate hovers around 30 percent, though Greece's rate is 45 percent.
Turkey used to be one of the world's leading tobacco producers, and the tradition of smoking has a history that goes back centuries. During Ottoman times, coffeehouses where men smoked tobacco through water pipes known as "nargile" were a fixture of daily life. Furthermore, cigarettes are cheap, with domestic brands costing around $1.50 a pack.
The new legislation is scheduled to be voted on by Parliament in the next few months and its backers believe the proposed law is likely to pass, having won the support of the leadership of the ruling party, which commands a decisive majority in the 550-seat assembly.
Turkish papers have reported that Recep Tayyip Erdogan, Turkey's prime minister, is something of a crusading non-smoker himself, having chastised some of his bodyguards for smelling of smoke.
Stamping out smoking in Turkey may still be a difficult challenge. On a recent night in Istanbul's boisterous Yakup 2 restaurant, cigarettes seem as much a part of the dining experience as the savory appetizers and the bottles of raki - the anise-flavored spirit that is Turkey's national drink - on the tables.
Manager Yildirim Arslan says he would comply with any new law obliging him to create a non-smoking section, but he believes it would remain empty. Walking around the restaurant, Arslan struggles to find a table without any smokers.
"The Turkish people smoke just as they sleep and eat bread. It is part of life," he says with a shrug.
Murat Koksal, a magazine editor eating dinner with two friends, says it's hard for him to imagine a smoke-free restaurant. "The cigarettes, the raki, the conversation - they all accompany each other," says Mr. Koksal, who smokes almost two packs of cigarettes a day.
On the other hand, Koksal says he realizes that he and others may ultimately have to accept laws like the one being discussed in Parliament as an inevitable part of Turkey's decades-long push to Westernize.
"You have to respect the rights of the non-smokers," Koksal says, as he puts out a cigarette in an ashtray. "That's the European and American mentality."
|
<urn:uuid:5812943a-2ddf-4b63-b8fd-e0ff0740025a>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://www.csmonitor.com/2006/0109/p07s02-woeu.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280504.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00146-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.972403
| 1,055
| 1.875
| 2
|
JOURNEY TO JUSTICE
July 11, 2011
Prime Minister Stephen Harper promised during the recent election campaign to pass all of his government's crime legislation in one package of bills within the first 100 sitting days of the new Parliament. In the June 3 Speech from the Throne, the Conservative government promised to "move quickly to reintroduce comprehensive law-and-order legislation to combat crime and terrorism."
Canadians will likely discover what exactly this omnibus legislation will contain in September when the House of Commons reconvenes. Canada's major churches fear that these measures will be ineffective, inappropriate — and very expensive.
Some believe getting "tough on crime" will deter offences. However, it is more often the case, experts attest, that criminals will offend if they believe they will succeed in carrying out the crime, regardless of the penalty if caught.
More to the point, crime rates in Canada have been steadily falling since the early 1990s. According to federal government figures, property crimes have declined 50 per cent since 1991 and violent crimes fell 14 per cent since 1992. The year 2009 (a year of substantial economic recession) had the lowest crime rate in 25 years. It doesn't seem then, that this flurry of legislation is related to a growing crime problem.
The Church Council on Justice and Corrections (CCJC) is comprised of 11 Church bodies, including the Canadian Conference of Catholic Bishops. CCJC made headlines earlier this year when it wrote to the prime minister, pleading for a reconsideration of his government's crime agenda — to consider "the impact it will have on the most disadvantaged, its lack of effectiveness and its serious budgetary implications."
The churches report that more than a third of prisoners in Canada have not even been convicted of a crime — they are awaiting trial.
Further, the majority of Canadian inmates are serving sentences for non-violent offences (78 per cent of those in provincial jails and 31 per cent in federal penitentiaries). Many repeat offenders are mentally ill and/or addicted, poor and poorly educated — people who require treatment, health services, education, housing and employment.
Public Safety Minister Vic Toews recently acknowledged 13 per cent of men and 29 per cent of women in jails have some form of mental illness. He also noted that prisons are not able to meet the needs of mentally ill offenders.
The increase of inmates with mental illness is linked to the closing of mental hospitals across Canada. Yet, a report from the federal prison ombudsman last fall warned that serious funding, implementation and accountability gaps are hindering the delivery of mental-health services behind bars.
The CCJC argues convincingly that it makes no sense to spend $800,000 to build each new prison bed while denying inmates the counselling and services which have the most proven results in turning lives away from crime. Nonetheless, the federal government is committed to a massive prison building plan.
The June 2011 federal budget announced a 21 per cent hike in the budget of the Correctional Service of Canada - this at a time of fiscal restraint. While other federal services will be slashed to achieve $4 billion in annual savings, the Correctional Service plans more new hires than any other federal government agency.
Correction ministry is of special concern to Bishop Gary Gordon of Whitehorse. I asked him what he thought of the federal plan to combine up to a dozen pieces of legislation and push them through the House this fall.
He responded that, "It is unfortunate that a number of significant crime bills are being lumped together. Each one is important and has significant repercussions on an already overburdened court and judicial system. A bill passed by Parliament does not necessarily result in 'a safer society.'
"Most organizations and businesses will at least pilot a new program direction or business plan to see if it is wise, prudent, fiscally and socially responsible for the common good. I can only hope that someone will take a longer second look at some of the initiatives that actually reduce crime (such as housing and education.)
"Increasing incarceration rates and time behind bars has never achieved the results envisioned nor have victims been truly healed or restored."
Several faith communities, including members of the Sisters of Providence, joined community groups in opposing the closing of prison farms in Kingston this past year. This fall, Canadians will surely engage in renewed debate about corrections policies and spending. Christians might well start to reflect now about whether we should be "tough on crime" — or tough on poverty, illiteracy and other social ills.
(Joe Gunn is the Ottawa-based executive director of Citizens for Public Justice, www.cpj.ca, an ecumenical social advocacy organization.)
Currently rated by 1 people
|
<urn:uuid:3bf345e1-d2c0-4e23-9fe6-e4612ed7d4f3>
|
CC-MAIN-2016-44
|
http://wcr.ab.ca/Columns/Columns/entryid/1185
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721558.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00046-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.958762
| 948
| 1.789063
| 2
|
No one wants to be stranded on the side of the road as their tyre gives up halfway through the road trip. Life is a long journey and you must keep your tyres in the best shape. Not everyone knows about the correct methods of tyre maintenance but it is the most important thing to know about if you want to keep your vehicle in a top-notch condition.
To take care of your tyres’ health, you need to be careful. Follow these tips brought to you by the Tyre Doctor to maintain your tyres’ fresh condition and enable yourself a smooth and safe ride.
- Tyre Pressure
While on the road, make sure that your tyre has appropriate pressure. Proper inflation is very important since it ensures optimal braking and thereby safety, better grip, soft drive, and of course saves fuel. For correct pressure refer to the car manufacturers recommend pressure for the front and rear axle. Normally this can be found on the body frame of the driver’s door. Make sure to use a reliable pressure gauge. Regular checks must be done to ensure the safety of the vehicle.
- Regular Checks for Wear
This is the most common and the most important lesson in tyre maintenance. Check your tyres for wear every month and especially after long road trips. Inspect your tyre’s tread wear indicator on the read grooves and remove them from service when the time comes. Check for debris or nail or any such material stuck to your tyres. Take a look at the sidewalls to ensure there aren’t any cuts or bulges. Bald or nearly bald tyres may cause accidents on wet roads to inspect the rear wear indicator on the tread.
- Spare Tyre Regular Checks
Needless to say, you should always carry a spare tyre with you. That is Driving 101. But something that one should always keep in mind is to regularly check your spare tyre. A trick you can adopt is to give your spare tyre a thorough check every time you rotate your regular tyres. When inspecting your spare tyre, note if it has been damaged or shows any excessive wear, and check the tread as well as the air pressure in the spare tyre.
- No Overloading
Every tyre is unique and every tyre has its limitations when it comes to overloading. The information on how much load can a tyre take can be found with the manufacturer or any manual of the product that you might have. Overloading can cause excessive damage to the tyres. If you are going to carry something heavy with you, then get the required type of tyres for your vehicle.
- Wheel Alignment
It is very important to keep an eye on the tyre or wheel alignment of your vehicle. If this is not properly adjusted, it can cause abnormal wearing of the tyres. Misalignment might happen when you drive through and/or hit a certain obstacle. Even in the cases of minor and major accidents can the alignment be disrupted. Proper wheel alignment would ensure a safe and smooth ride as well as a long life to your tyres.
- Tyre Rotation
This is an important step to ensure the wear of tyres is even. It should be done according to the vehicle manufacturer’s recommendation. It increases the tyre’s tread life. An evenly worn set of tyres would ensure low stress on the drive terrain. There are many methods and patterns of tyre rotation including X-pattern, forwards cross, rearward cross, front-to-front, and side-to-side- depending on the size and functions of the set of tyres.
- The Right Storage
The storage of tyres must be carefully done since tyres are rather sensitive to environmental damage. Some people might use tyre hotels to store them while the cost-effective method (or if you can’t afford or don’t have tyre hotel services in your region) is storing them at your house. To ensure the safety of your tyre, make sure to clean them before storing and ensure they are completely dry. Do not put any gloss product on the tyres. Put them in an airtight plastic bag separately and store them in a cold, dry place which is moderately ventilated. Avoid chemical exposure or excessive heat.
Tyres keep your ride going. It is imperative that you give them the care they deserve. If you follow these steps and take care of your tyres, your journey will be smooth.
|
<urn:uuid:95b05d09-7394-471f-b9fd-7e644af016f7>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://www.ttga.in/tips-for-tyres-a-novices-guide/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00477.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.94227
| 884
| 2.640625
| 3
|
BLESSED BE EGYPT MY PEOPLE
by Joan Morrone
Free to Share
Author requests article critique
Free to Share
Author requests article critique
This statement "blessed be Egypt, my people" in Isaiah 19:25, seemed kind of odd. I always got the impression that Egypt was the very personification of evil and they could never be saved. How arrogant that is. John 4:16 says:
“For God so loved the world (including the Egyptian people) that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever (you and me and everyone else) believes in him shall not perish, but have everlasting life.”
Yet it seemed I was being taught Egypt was doomed.
Verse 1---“The Lord rides on a swift cloud” into Egypt and all the idols are moved at His coming. The Egyptian hearts shall melt in the middle of it all.” Everything they believed in was destroyed before their very eyes. Then God said He would set the Egyptians against each other. Their spirit shall fail. He would give them over “ into the hand of a cruel lord; and a fierce king shall rule over them.” (verse 4) Sounds like you reap what you sow. As they had treated the Israelites, so God has treated them.
Verses 5-13 tell all that God was going to do to them. Verse 14 “The Lord has mingled a perverse spirit in the midst thereof: and they have caused Egypt to err in every work thereof…” God even uses evil spirits to humble a once proud nation. They were brought down low. Isaiah 45:7 “I form the light, and create darkness: I make peace, and create evil: the Lord does all these things.”
Verse 16: “In that day, shall Egypt be like unto women, and it shall be afraid and fear because of the shaking of the hand of the Lord of hosts, which He shakes over it.” What is going on? They were never afraid before. They were the ones who did all the shaking . Verse 17 “And the land of Judah shall be a terror to Egypt.”
The story changes from one of fear and destruction to a beautiful future for Egypt just like it is for us. Verse 19 “In that day shall there be an altar to the Lord IN THE MIDST OF THE LAND OF EGYPT”, and a pillar at the border thereof to the Lord.” God stands right in the middle of sin to rescue those He loves right out of the hands of Satan. Satan has no power over God’s plans. Verse 20 “And it shall be a sign and for a witness unto the Lord of hosts in the land of Egypt: for they (the Egyptians) shall cry unto the Lord because of the oppressors, and HE SHALL SEND THEM A SAVIOR. And a great one, and He shall deliver them.” Does this excite you as it did me when I first read and understood this chapter? No man is exempt from God’s love and mercy.
Verse 20 tells us that the Egyptians shall know the Lord in those days. They shall make sacrifices to God and make vows and do them.
What a merciful God. But He has to break them and us down first before He can rebuild us in His image. Verse 22 “And the Lord shall smite Egypt: He shall smite and heal it: and they shall return even to the Lord, and He shall be entreated of them, and shall heal them.”
Let us back track a little. God’s chosen people weren’t any better than the Assyrians or the Egyptians. They too left the only true God and followed after idols. Read Isaiah 10:5-13. The topic for this section is “Assyria, the Instrument of God”. God was angry with His people. Verse 5 “O, Assyrian, the rod of my anger, and the staff in their hand is my indignation.” He used them to bring His people to their knees. Verse 12 “Wherefore it shall come to pass, that when the LORD has performed His whole work upon Mount Zion and on Jerusalem, I will punish the fruit of the stout heart of the king of Assyria, and the glory of his high looks.”
Why would God punish someone who did the work He commanded him to do? Verse 13 tells us that the king of Assyria took credit for his own strength to bring about what God intended for him to do. God used him like He uses us. When we do His will, we are not doing it under our own power. We have nothing at all that we can boast about. God gives us the gifts necessary to do what God wants done. He can also take them away and give to someone else to accomplish the work if we don’t do it. We are not indispensable.
Now to the gem of the whole chapter. Verses 23-25 “In that day shall there be a highway out of Egypt to Assyria, and the Assyrian will come into Egypt, and the Egyptian into Assyria, and the Egyptian shall serve with the Assyrian. In that day shall ISRAEL BE THE THIRD WITH EGYPT AND ASSYRIA, even a blessing in the midst of the land: Whom the Lord of hosts shall bless, saying, Blessed be Egypt, my people, and Assyria the work of my hands, and Israel my inheritance. Proverbs 4:12 comes to mind: “And if one prevail against him, two shall withstand him, and a threefold cord is not quickly broken.”
To sum this up: I get newsletters from Michael Youseff. He is Egyptian. One letter stated that he was going to Egypt to preach. Before he left he asked God to give him a very large number of souls.
He was pleased to report that God saved way beyond what he had asked for. God cannot be undone. The Egyptians were eager to hear the WORD. It made it more realistic to them when a brother Egyptian told them about Jesus and the way to salvation.
Great are the wonderful works of the Almighty God. May God bless you.
PLEASE ENCOURAGE AUTHOR, LEAVE COMMENT ON ARTICLE
Read more articles by Joan Morrone or search for other articles by topic below.
Search for articles on: (e.g. creation; holiness etc.)Read more by clicking on a link:
Main Site Articles
Most Read Articles
Highly Acclaimed Challenge Articles.
New Release Christian Books for Free for a Simple Review.
NEW - Surprise Me With an Article - Click here for a random URL
God is Not Against You - He Came on an All Out Rescue Mission to Save You
...in Christ God was reconciling the world to himself, not counting their trespasses against them... 2 Cor 5:19
Therefore, my friends, I want you to know that through Jesus the forgiveness of sins is proclaimed to you. Acts 13:38
LEARN & TRUST JESUS HERE
The opinions expressed by authors do not necessarily reflect the opinion of FaithWriters.com.
Your title led me to read your article. I feel the Lord's hand in it, and was drawn to it having the same interest of late. I really liked it, well written and detailed even to the end. Very nice. God bless ya, littlelight
|
<urn:uuid:9fa48e88-9587-4d1c-aa3f-743a38f9dcfe>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://www.faithwriters.com/article-details.php?id=30406
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281353.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00063-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.959831
| 1,566
| 1.859375
| 2
|
Robert the Strong
Robert the Strong, d. 866, French warrior, marquess of Neustria; father of the French kings Eudes and Robert I and ancestor of the Capetians. He joined the rebellious nobles against Charles II, Emperor of the West. They invited Louis the German to invade France (858). Becoming reconciled to Charles in 861, Robert was charged with the defense of the country between the Seine and the Loire, from which he repelled the Bretons and the Normans. He was killed fighting against the Normans.
The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.
See more Encyclopedia articles on: French History: Biographies
|
<urn:uuid:df09d303-02ee-4644-ab9d-fb42541f692a>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/people/robert-strong.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280730.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00250-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.923484
| 151
| 2.75
| 3
|
The brain child of Lester Cowling (former business editor of The Evening Telegraph and director of Northants 96) when it was set up KCBC was jointly owned by Hereward Radio, Chiltern Radio and Lester Cowling. KNBC (as it was originally to be called) had legendary pirate DJ Howard Rose (also known as Crispian St.John and Jay Jackson) as Programme Controller and Breakfast Show presenter.
The station launched on 6 April 1990 on 1530khz from it’s studios in Robinson Way
on the Telford Way Industrial Estate in Kettering built by Richard Robinson from
Chiltern Radio. Two transmitters were used, one in Kettering (behind the station
building) and one in Corby. Both used the same frequency -
It was, on the whole, a "Golden Oldies" station, playing hits from the 1950’s, 1960’s and early 1970’s. Other DJ’s included Tony Harrison (formerly with Mercia Sound) and Irish presenter Terry Doyle. They would soon be joined by local boy Carlo Fiorentino. Other presenters in the early days included Paul Graham, Andy Jackson, Chris Williams, Mark Jeeves and Murray J. A second studio was opened at the CTC in Corby.
Initially the JICRAR audience figures were good but when the method of calculating audiences changed to RAJAR the figures plummeted. One of the reasons for poor listenership, especially at night, was the power of Vatican Radio which also transmitted on 1530khz and would interfere with the reception of KCBC even within Kettering and Corby.
In 1992 after suffering great financial losses Howard left to concentrate on his “Radio Magazine”, Hereward and Chiltern decided they wanted out and chose to sell their shares to Radio Investments (a major shareholders of Capital Radio in London) – as did founder Lester Cowling. Shortly after KCBC switched frequency to 1584khz AM. Although the station continued to lose listeners during 1993, by late 1994 the tide had turned and the audience began to climb. Due to the reach of AM transmitter, the station had a big and dedicated listenership that stretched out further than Northamptonshire.
In 1994 Radio Investments appointed East Anglia Radio to manage the station who,
in turn, appointed Pat Foley and then Jon Shipton as MD and Paul Thompson as Programme
Controller. Some dramatic changes were made on-
The inclusion of popular local personalities such as Richard Oliff, Carlo, Darren
Harte, Des Barber, Andy Garside and Sean Smith meant KCBC became a "sleeping giant"
In late 1996, Radio Investments merged KCBC and Salisbury’s Spire FM to form The
Local Radio Company (TLRC). At the time they were headed by Spire’s Chris Carnegy.
By the summer of 1997 KCBC had the biggest RAJAR audience in it’s history. By this
time it’s presenter line-
KCBC was always well respected for its local sport content. The original sports team of Barry Chambers, Mick Dean and Dave Wakefield replaced in 1996 by that of Nick Collier, Sue Morris and Gregg Nunney, and in 1997 by David Percy, Dave Pike and Gregg Nunney.
For some time KCBC and TLRC management had been working on plans to move the station from AM to FM, initially plans for a single large transmitter had been considered however TLRC decided to split the station using two small transmitters, one in Wellingborough the other in Geddington
Bill Johnston was appointed as station MD and Paul Thompson left the station but not before appointing Corby legend Dougie King as his successor.
The move to FM saw a lot of the station's longest standing personalities leave the
airwaves and the music format changed to include mainly current hits. The sub-
In 1999 it was announced that new owners, HubTransCommunications were to merge the
stations, and co-
On the evening of July 17th 2002, Howard Rose died in hospital after surgery.
In January 2007 Forward Media announced plans for Connect to leave its home on the
Telford Way Industrial Estate in Kettering, the original home of KCBC, to re-
The KCBC AM Tribute Web site has been produced to inform, educate and entertain and
is in no-
|
<urn:uuid:56bde7f2-180c-49ea-b524-05dfc2343d6e>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://1584kcbc.co.uk/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284352.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00195-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.972088
| 909
| 1.789063
| 2
|
Off topic: Spoof glossary definitions - governmentium, isodopes, morons, critical morass
Thread poster: Jack Doughty
| | Jack Doughty
Local time: 13:27
Russian to English
GOVERNMENTIUM------A NEW ELEMENT
A major research institution has recently announced the discovery of the heaviest chemical element known to science. The new element has been tentatively named \"Governmentium .\"
Governmentium has 1 neutron, 12 assistant neutrons, 75 deputy neutrons, and 11 assistant deputy neutrons, giving it an atomic mass of 312. These 312 particles are held together by forces called morons, which are surrounded by vast quantities of lepton-like particles called peons.
Since governmentium has no electrons, it is inert. However, it can be detected as it impedes every reaction with which it comes into contact. A minute amount of governmentium causes one reaction to take over 4 days to complete when it would normally take less than a second.
Governmentium has a normal half-life of 3 years; it does not decay, but instead undergoes a reorganization in which a portion of the assistant neutrons and deputy neutrons exchange places. In fact, governmentium\'s mass will actually increase over time, since each reorganization causes some morons to become neutrons, forming isodopes.
This characteristic of moron-promotion leads some scientists to speculate that governmentium is formed whenever morons reach a certain quantity in concentration. This hypothetical quantity is referred to as \"Critical Morass.\"
You will know it when you see it...
| || || |
| Very funny Jack || Dec 15, 2002 |
Thanks for the laugh... very cute
| | JCEC
Local time: 08:27
English to French
| Late Breaking News || Dec 15, 2002 |
Following closely in the footsteps of their anglophone counterparts, researchers from the Quebec Organized Life Foundation (OLF) have discovered a new virus aptly named termovirus.
This insidious virus attacks a normally stable terminology strand known to ProZ users as Termium causing the mutation of anglions to frenchions.
Could this be a new weapon in the war for the supremacy of the French language ?
To report site rules violations or get help, contact a site moderator:
You can also contact site staff by submitting a support request »
Spoof glossary definitions - governmentium, isodopes, morons, critical morass
|Protemos translation business management system |
|Create your account in minutes, and start working! 3-month trial for agencies, and free for freelancers!|
The system lets you keep client/vendor database, with contacts and rates, manage projects and assign jobs to vendors, issue invoices, track payments, store and manage project files, generate business reports on turnover profit per client/manager etc.
More info »
|Translation Toolkit and Sales Potential under One Roof|
Apart from features that enable you to translate more efficiently, the new Across Translator Edition v6.3 comprises your crossMarket membership.
The new online network for Across users assists you in exploring new sales potential and generating revenue.
More info »
|
<urn:uuid:6d807e63-7e1a-4e20-a431-38b7ce49b836>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://www.proz.com/forum/lighter_side_of_trans_interp/7087-spoof_glossary_definitions_governmentium_isodopes_morons_critical_morass.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284411.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00461-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.903278
| 667
| 1.78125
| 2
|
MOSCOW, February 8. /TASS/. The latest signal from Russia’s Spektr-R space radio telescope was received by the US-based Green Bank station on February 5, a rocket and space industry source has told TASS.
The source said the signal was sent by the telescope’s system, which transmits scientific data to ground stations.
"The latest signal was detected by the Green Bank station on February 5," the source said.
He said that scientists would keep trying to regain control over the faulty satellite.
On January 11, problems with Spektr-R on January 11 were reported by the media. Russian Academy of Sciences member and chief of the Astrospace Center of the Lebedev Physics Institute (RadioAstron project client) Nikolai Kardashov told TASS that the signal from the space apparatus continued to be received but there were problems with controlling the satellite. Roscosmos later told the media that space satellites control group specialists were trying to eliminate the satellite’s glitches. Also, the space corporation said that the radio telescope had exceeded its expected life cycle by 2.5 times.
|
<urn:uuid:4fd2d5c6-b515-4da8-926a-8b0dc2b7b756>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://tass.com/science/1043763
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00268.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.983669
| 234
| 2.234375
| 2
|
Editable Afghanistan Map For PowerPoint is a 100% customizable presentation containing the Afghanistan Map, created as a composite of PowerPoint Shapes. If you are a teacher of international politics, geography or global history and are currently preparing a lecture that requires an in-depth analysis of the vital Middle Eastern nation state that is Afghanistan, look no further as SlideModel have the template for you. With this professional presentation template you will be able to create a quality presentation that can address the inner relationship of the country. This presentation map template can be used to illustrate in detail the importance of Afghanistan’s borders, specific highlights, geography, its economy and historic make up. Every state and province is made up of an individually customisable, high quality clip art icon so that you can use this template design to address any aspect of the long and complex Afghan history and geography that you like.
Perfect for use in the classroom, at school and in university – for geography, modern history or international politics among others – this fully editable PowerPoint presentation template features a full size map of Afghanistan along with the thirty-four individual provinces that make up this proud country. Customisable, high quality clip art icons have been included in this professional PowerPoint template to allow the user to indicate to their audience the locations of the larger, key cities of this integral Middle Eastern nation.
This Afghanistan map for PowerPoint template – like all of the designs produced by SlideModel – is fully customisable; you can transform any part of what you see to suit your specific needs. Whether you want to add, change or delete text, data or images, this template has been designed specifically for such a purpose. Ensure that the lecture sticks in the mind of your audience by using the editable features to create shadow effects, group, and ungroup provinces, recolor and resize the vector images and create a moving presentation.
© 2017 SlideModel
|
<urn:uuid:c52d553f-a95a-451d-8b88-585648421bbb>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
https://slidemodel.com/templates/editable-afghanistan-map-powerpoint/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00443-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.905402
| 379
| 2.109375
| 2
|
Should we contact uncontacted tribes
Debate Rounds (4)
4 rounds, 72 hours, ten days.
However, although we shouldn't change the good parts of their culture, their lives need to change. It seems unkind, even cruel to leave them live the way they are without ever telling the about Christ.
Now I understand the risks. They are not immune to many diseases that we carry. They can easily get sick. But by making contact we would be able to have better medical care then they have now. We would be helping them.
Also, we say" let's not contact them". But what it they want to contact us? For example, one tribe, a Mashco Piro tribe, tried to make contact with us for three days. We didn't let them. By this point we're not just "letting them live the way they want to live" we're forcing them to stay uncontacted.
Also, you would bring up the argument whether Nations or the People should be involved in the contact. Outsider humans have been in contact with tribes for a long time (Western people). If we are discussing nations though, very few nations that are Christian have tribes in them. If you mean the Church, most churches do not have the funding (Except organizations of Churches) that can fund a mission there. Not even considering the governments might not want to tamper with local culture, in fear that the people of that nation will get angry at the government.
In regards to disease, you are saying that we can cure diseases that we hold that they can get. That is true, but for example lets look at people we already know exist. In Africa for example, healthcare is to a minimum. We don't have the infrastructure to support these people. The United States even tries to send help but many of the governments outright refuse the assistance. Not only saying that many nations need more money to keep their known people alive than contact people who they don't know.
Not only that, but if they have been uncontacted for so long, is it even plausible to think that they want to be contacted? Some do, I do understand that, but the majority of them are not willing to be contacted, some will respond with aggressive force to be independent.
And who would determine what is good for their culture? The nation, the people, the world? Introducing foreign religious beliefs alone will get you killed in some of these tribes. Others will laugh at you.
And not to be mean to the Western World, but our track record of how we deal with "contacting" isn't really peaceful. 99% of the time, it started as peaceful, and then we found a resource that we wanted, and we occupied them, killing anyone who standed in our way.
Not only considering this, but look at all the poor, uneducated, unhealthy people we have around us. We have enough of a problem already that we should be dealing with before we even consider going to people who have no idea of who we are and telling them about how "good" is Western Culture.
Also considering that the Pope has been trying for a long time to try and assist people in his own nation.
Contacting uncontacted tribes doesn't sound logical if they are going to be thrown to the dirt like we have to the rest of society already.
You have given me three arguments, (a) that contacting other tribes may be dangerous for us, (b) that other nations may not be pleased with us getting involved in their issues, and (c) that we already have too much to worry about, so we shouldn't think about others.
But you didn"t really talk about religion. Apart from religion, contacting these people may seem unprofitable. But religion is the most important part of everyone lives. Religion is why I have a hope to live, religion is why martyrs can sing as they are burned alive, and religion is sometimes why people commit suicide. It mean life or death. It has the most important role in everyone"s lives, and these people are not an exception. I believe that Christ would give them a new hope they have never had before, and that it would dramatically change their lives.
But would it be for the better?
To start out with, we should probably look at how they live.
These people are not ignorant of religion. They have their own. They worship spirits which they claim to see in visions.
"Shamans control these spirits by inhaling a hallucinogenic snuff called yakoana. Through their trance like visions, they meet the spirits or xapirip"."http://www.survivalinternational.org...
"During the ritual, the men leave the Earth behind as they travel to the iwa, the domain of the forest spirits. They reach this place through a doorway that takes the form of a hunting shelter, a portal between worlds. The men take turns to enter, and as they reach the iwa they encounter the souls of their ancestors and the spirits of the forest."
And their everyday life is hard. Sometimes they starve, sometimes they are sick.
"Cattle, goats and sheep are vital to most tribes" livelihood producing blood, milk, meat and hides"Cattle are highly valued and used in payment for bride wealth. They are an important defence against starvation when rains and crops fail. In certain seasons families travel to temporary camps to provide new grazing for herds, surviving on milk and blood from their cattle. The Bodi sing poems to favourite cattle."http://www.survivalinternational.org...
"However, life is far from perfect. One in every two children born in the rainforest dies before their second birthday, and if they make it to forty years of age they are considered tribal elders. Most rainforest dwellers who make it through childhood tend to die from a disease trivial to western medicine."
So something needs to change for these people. They mainly need Jesus, but they also need medicine, food, and other things of that sort which we take for granted.
But is that what they want? You say for most of them it"s not. But if these people are never contacted, how can they choose? It is like saying that a bird in a cage doesn"t want out. How can these people know what it is like in the world if they don"t have the chance?
However, you did give some good reasons for why we should be cautious.
(a) It could be dangerous for us.
Yes, this is true, but I would say it is worth it. There are many dangerous things we do today that we all agree are worth it. Diseases carried by these tribes can be harmful, but it is still worth it. And yes, it could be dangerous for us to tell these people about Jesus, but since when has evangelisation been safe? There are certain risks you must take.
(b) Other nations may not be pleased with us getting involved in their issues.
Yes, were a nation to step in and deal with these tribes whether or not the local nation agrees would be unreasonable. But for a missionary to tell the tribes about Jesus should not cause a problem.
(c) We already have too much to worry about so we shouldn't worry about others.
That is why I am arguing for a few missionaries to go to these people, not all of out Western World to get together and decide exactly how we are going to help them. This doesn"t have to be a big deal. This doesn"t have to be another burden on the world's shoulders.
There are a few parts that I fail to understand though. First of all, you speak of religion majorly, and how they need Jesus more than anything else. I can disagree with that.
It may seem petty and myth-like for their religion to be what it is, but think of it this way. They have had their religion longer than the entire Western World has had Christianity. They would not abandon these beliefs, no matter what. If you do believe that they would consider them, I would have to ask you a question. Would you abandon your beliefs because aliens told you that Christianity was the wrong religion, but the aliens didn't have any scientific proof that their religion existed? Most likely not. You would stick to what you have known your entire life.
Involving contact, many tribes have contacted at one point and time outsiders. Some people travel the Amazon (Very few, but it happens), and the humans who had been in the outsider world contact the tribes. I would not wish do disrespect anybody, but for fact, every 'tribe' that you say was uncontacted was contacted at a certain point and time in human history, and every one has refused to leave their beliefs. I don't think 6000 years can go by and nobody get in contact with these tribes at SOME point in that human history.
Another question that can spark up is whether it is actually worth it. You say that it is, but with all of these risks, is it actually. If you have ever read the book "To Kill a Mockingbird", think of it this way. The tribes are the Mockingbirds. They have never harmed us, if you really think about it. They have helped conserve places like the Amazon by being there, and have helped save tigers and other animals from extinction, because they in a way defend them. By potentially harming them, that would be a sin. It is wrong to attack those who never attacked you.
A question that can be also debated. The local nation is where it is, so therefore, the nation is responsible for contacting the tribe. Its like if I had a living artifact in my house, and because it is an artifact, you deem I have no right to keep it, and you barge into my house because your belief system says otherwise. That is exactly what you would be saying by denying the countries that the tribes are in the right to speak about it.
Not to mention the fact that nations have never really been sympathetic to Natives (Native American Genocide, Inquisition in Latin America, Darfur, African Colonization, etc.). What you propose is something similar to Colonization, in what became imperialism.
Some of my language did sound harsh, but I did not mean to bring upon disrespect to you.
But you seem to think that they have already heard.
As proof you say that their ancestors had to have been told at some time in history. This may be true, I do not know. But what I do know is that that doesn't mean that this generation has heard. They need a chance too. But would they even consider exchanging their religion for Christianity? Would I accept a belief that Aliens told me about? (I do not accept the "not scientific"proof" part.) No, I would not. But in the past, tribes have changed. Look at the Huaroni, for example. So it may be that they will change, and it would be wrong to refuse them the chance.
But should we get involved in other nations issues? Let me put it this way. You have a dog in your house which you force to stay inside. It has no idea that there is a world outside. If I come and give it walks, would that be wrong? You would probably say yes because it is your dog, not mine. You'd say that you should be able to do what you want with it. But these are people, not dogs, and that makes a very big difference. If you were to keep your daughter inside like that, she would most likely be taken away from you.
Yes, I have read "To Kill a Mockingbird." In it it spoke of harming and cruely treating innocent men. I am proposing doing the opposite. I say we should treat these people like we would want to be treated, not forcing them to stay in their cage of ignorance, not keeping them in the dark. How is that "potentially harming them""? The only example you found was westernizing them. But what I have been proposing is giving them Jesus, medicine, food, shelter, and anything else they need. You are proposing forcing them to stay uncontacted, I am proposing giving them a choice.
Thanks for your arguments. They made me really think a lot more than I would have on my own. Good luck!
We would not keep them in a cage of ignorance. First of all, every religion is somewhat of ignorance. I do not propose that Christianity or any religion is above another. That would directly interfere with Christianity by saying that God does not love all, but loves those who defend his religion only. Not only that, but you cannot compare my house to a country. A country has heavy weapons, artillery, and usually have a good army. That would be proposing that we would go to war with a country possibly to stop them from not contacting their tribes in their area.
Not only that, but you mention the Huaroni people. As a result of Christian Missionary, they have though gotten an education and now have permanent forest settlements, but they have also lost 2/3 of their land and the last 1/3 had to be fought in a court room. Their land is still being logged by corporations that have no interest in helping them. In this sense, we are forcing them out into the open, where they will be susceptible to many diseases such as Polio and many others. Considering that Africa is still quite undeveloped, we should actually focus on helping the known people there instead of the unknown people there. Helping the unknown people there would provide nothing to assist the world.
Not only that, but also consider that when you said the Huaroni people, 5 tribes apart of that ethnicity still don't want to be apart of the western world.
I thank you for a great debate! I have never had a debate with a religious person without it getting really heated! I thank you so much for having a structured and good argument.
1 votes has been placed for this debate.
Vote Placed by InnovativeEphemera 2 years ago
|Agreed with before the debate:||-||-||0 points|
|Agreed with after the debate:||-||-||0 points|
|Who had better conduct:||-||-||1 point|
|Had better spelling and grammar:||-||-||1 point|
|Made more convincing arguments:||-||-||3 points|
|Used the most reliable sources:||-||-||2 points|
|Total points awarded:||2||3|
Reasons for voting decision: This was surprisingly tight for something that Con would ordinarily have had the upper hand on from the beginning. Pro's arguments only made sense with his particular world view, and Con should have more strongly picked up on the fact that preaching the gospel is inherently immoral. Unfortunately at this point I was leaning towards Pro. However, In the final two rounds Con made slightly stronger refutations and managed to get on top of the issue, although it could have been done much more strongly. Therefore, arguments to Con. Pro made good use of sources, so points awarded there. Conduct and spelling were equal, both had minor grammatical errors but they were effectively even. Good luck to both of you.
You are not eligible to vote on this debate
This debate has been configured to only allow voters who meet the requirements set by the debaters. This debate either has an Elo score requirement or is to be voted on by a select panel of judges.
|
<urn:uuid:5d030875-cce3-4270-ac8e-d20ceaf9261d>
|
CC-MAIN-2016-44
|
http://www.debate.org/debates/Should-we-contact-uncontacted-tribes/2/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719468.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00530-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.982302
| 3,215
| 1.703125
| 2
|
The Mercedes-Benz Logistics Center Nuremberg is an important component within the manufacturer-owned logistics of parts inside Europe. Being the second step in the supply chain, it forms the link between Global Logistics Center in Germersheim (Central Warehouse) and customer.
In cooperation with the Logistics Center Hanover, Cologne, Reutlingen and Mayence it is responsible for a fast and smooth parts supply of retailer and service stations within Germany as well as some neighboring countries.
Mercedes-Benz AG at a glance
Mercedes-Benz AG is responsible for the global business of Mercedes-Benz Cars and Mercedes-Benz Vans with over 173,000 employees worldwide. Ola Källenius is Chairman of the Board of Management of Mercedes-Benz AG. The company focuses on the development, production and sales of passenger cars, vans and services. Furthermore, the company aspires to be leading in the fields of connectivity, automated driving and alternative drives with its forward-looking innovations.
The product portfolio comprises the Mercedes-Benz brand with the sub-brands Mercedes-AMG, Mercedes-Maybach and Mercedes me - as well as the smart brand, and the EQ product and technology brand for electric mobility. Mercedes-Benz AG is one of the largest manufacturers of premium passenger cars. In 2019 it sold nearly 2.4 million cars and more than 438,000 vans. In its two business divisions, Mercedes-Benz AG is continually expanding its worldwide production network with over 40 production sites on four continents, while aligning itself to meet the requirements of electric mobility. At the same time, the company is developing its global battery production network on three continents.
Sustainable actions play a decisive role in both business divisions. To the company, sustainability means creating value for all stakeholders on a lasting basis: customers, employees, investors, business partners and the society as a whole. The basis for this is the sustainable business strategy of Daimler in which the company takes responsibility for the economic, ecological and social effects of its business activities and looks at the entire value chain.
|
<urn:uuid:60d77011-2017-436a-b1f1-50ca59cd5460>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://group.mercedes-benz.com/careers/about-us/locations/location-detail-page-117824.html?r=dai
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570871.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808183040-20220808213040-00273.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.934399
| 423
| 1.554688
| 2
|
Yet God is sovereign with not even birds (sparrows) falling to the ground outside of the Father's will (Matthew 10:27-31).
Scottish Bible translator Mary Jane Gardner is the second Christian (Evangelical Protestant) in 3 months to be the victim of Palestinian terrorism.
Of the 50 or so innocent bystanders who were injured by a bomb at a crowded 3:00 p.m. Jerusalem bus stop on March 23, 2011, the 55-year-old Gardner was the only person who died. On her day off from school, she was walking by the bus stop in order to have lunch with an Irish friend who had just arrived in the city with a tour group. Though not a suicide bombing, it was the first bus bombing in The Eternal City since 2004 and the Second Intifada.
Gardner was a missionary with Wycliffe Bible Translators since 1986. She served in a remote area of Togo, West Africa, for 20 years, and helped complete the New Testament translation into the Ife tribal language in 2009. A short-term student studying biblical Hebrew at Hebrew University's Rothberg International School, the never-married Gardner was preparing herself to go back to the Togo tribesmen this summer in order to translate the Old Testament into Ife.
After arriving in Jerusalem in January 2011, she lived at the Home for Bible Translators and Scholars in Mevaseret Zion, a suburb of Jerusalem. Gardner also frequented Yad Hashmona, a Finnish Christian moshav in the Judean Hills near Jerusalem.
Born in Nairobi, Kenya, and the daughter (oldest of five children) of British missionary parents, she was a graduate of St. Andrews University (Class of 1977) in Scotland. A biographical summary of Gardner's life is available at Wycliffe Bible Translators' U.K. blog--click here.
As posted last month on this blog, on December 18, 2010, Christine Luken died of a stabbing attack by Palestinian terrorists while hiking just south of Jerusalem. An American Christian and lover of the Jewish people, the 44-year-old Luken worked in the U.K. office of the Church's Ministry among the Jewish People (CMJ). Since June 2009, I have been volunteering with CMJ Israel's Christ Church Guest House in Jerusalem.
Here are some news articles on the Jerusalem bus stop bombing and death of the "uncommon Christian" Bible translator Mary Jane Gardner:
+ Woman killed in Israel bus bombing remembered
+ Mary Gardner, 1955-2011
Wycliffe Bible Translators blog (U.K.), March 28, 2011
+ Friends of Jerusalem bombing victim grapple with her loss: Bible translator Mary Jane Gardner "longed to give other people the same access to the scriptures" that she had enjoyed
Jerusalem Post (Israel), March 31, 2011
+ Terror bombing in Jerusalem
Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, March 23, 2011
+ Scottish Bible translator killed by Jerusalem bus bomb
The Telegraph (U.K.), March 24, 2011
+ Jerusalem bus bomb victim was British Bible translator studying Hebrew
The Guardian (U.K.), March 24, 2011
+ Jerusalem bus bomb: Mary Gardner's family pay tribute
BBC News (U.K.), March 24, 2011
+ Distraught parents of Bible scholar killed in Jerusalem bomb blast pay tribute to "very special" daughter
Daily Mail (U.K.), March 25, 2011
+ Prayers tribute for Scot killed in Jerusalem
Herald Scotland (U.K.), March 26, 2011
|
<urn:uuid:9918e976-5b45-4e14-a712-88403678afbb>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://franciskyle.blogspot.com/2011/03/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570765.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808031623-20220808061623-00272.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.951229
| 736
| 1.703125
| 2
|
|Publication number||US4369490 A|
|Application number||US 06/212,118|
|Publication date||18 Jan 1983|
|Filing date||2 Dec 1980|
|Priority date||14 Dec 1979|
|Also published as||DE2950411A1, DE2950411C2|
|Publication number||06212118, 212118, US 4369490 A, US 4369490A, US-A-4369490, US4369490 A, US4369490A|
|Original Assignee||Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft Fur Elektrische Gluhlampen|
|Export Citation||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Patent Citations (7), Referenced by (59), Classifications (14)|
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet|
The present invention relates to a power rectifier system adapted for connection to commercial power networks and providing direct current with particularly smooth output wave shape, that is, having low-ripple content, especially adapted to feed semiconductor circuits, for example to supply power to discharge lamps at a frequency for which the lamps are particularly adapted.
Most d-c power utilization apparatus is fed from customary a-c networks through a rectifier system. Single-phase a-c power, when rectified through the usual single-phase push-pull rectifiers, has an output voltage with a pulsation of 100%, that is, the instantaneous voltage changes at double-line or network frequency between zero and maximum value. Many apparatus cannot operate with such a high ripple. If the apparatus includes semiconductor circuitry, and especially d-c operated gas discharge lamps, losses may become excessive. Acceptable ripple is usually below 20%. Power electronic circuits should have as low a ripple as possible in order to decrease losses in transistors and other power semiconductors. High-pressure discharge lamps which are operated from a power source which includes a rectifier connected to a-c mains have substantially decreased lifetime when the ripple of the supplied d-c increases.
Various arrangements and circuits are known to decrease ripple in rectified a-c, which can be used singly or in combination. Use of multi-phase, for example three-phase or six-phase rectifiers permit a much lower ripple content; smoothing capacitors, inductors such as chokes and the like, are also used. For example, a three-phase rectifier in bridge circuit provides an output voltage which has a ripple of only 13.4% without, even, any external smoothing capacitor. Single-phase full-wave or push-pull rectifiers usually utilize additional apparatus by connecting, behind the rectifier, a filter capacitor or a combination of filter capacitor, a charge capacitor, and a choke. The voltage derived from a three-phase bridge rectifier with 13.4% ripple can also be additionally smoothed by capacitors, inductors, and the like, in order to further decrease the ripple.
Both arrangements have disadvantages. Three-phase current frequently is not available, particularly not for lighting circuits, which would also require three-phase switching and the like. Single-phase rectifiers, thus, must be used in combination with lighting circuits, although the base ripple is 100%. Smoothing, then, in order to eliminate ripple is done by means of filter capacitors of high-capacity value. As the ripple decreases, the phase angle of current flow decreases, and the peak current value at the a-c side increases. As a consequence, the wave shape of the supplied current is distorted with a high harmonic content, resulting in low efficiency and lower power factor of the network.
General service illumination by means of discharge lamps operated at a frequency other than power network frequency, for example in the low ultrasonic range, requires a solution to the provision of d-c power at low ripple from commercial a-c networks. Fluorescent lamps operating, for example at about 20 kHz, provide about up to 10% more light output than similar lamps connected to the network directly, and operated at network frequency, for example 60 Hz. Thus, a commercially and technically suitable solution for supply of low-ripple d-c is desirable in order to permit operation of such lamps at elevated frequencies, for example in the low supersonic range, in order to improve the light output of the lamps without increasing the input power.
Frequency generating circuits operating in the low supersonic range, for example 20 kHz and having low ripple, have, in the past, used known standard full-wave rectifiers with connected filtering circuits. These rectifiers have the disadvantages above referred to; in addition to their inherent disadvantages, combination of such circuits with the frequency generators results in radio interference emission which increases as the quality of filtering increases.
Currently electronic apparatus are not rated for their reaction on the power network to which they may be connected; thus, there are, currently, no limiting conditions associated with electronic apparatus with respect to generation of harmonics which occur in the power network, nor with respect to power factor. Upon installation of such apparatus in large numbers, however, it is only logical to assume that the power network suppliers, in combination with governmental and technical regulatory and standardization organizations, such as the National Bureau of Standards, Federal Power Commission, International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and the like, will set limits for ripple or harmonics which are fed back into the network, and which will provide for a minimum power factor of connected load also for general service illumination apparatus, just as such standards and limits are set for other power utilizing appliances and apparatus adapted to be connected to a power network.
It is an object to provide a d-c rectifier system, particularly for use with power networks, to provide d-c output with minimum ripple which, with a minimum of expensive components, reflects harmonics to the power network within acceptable limits and has a power factor of 0.9 or better. Limits of harmonics are determined, for example, in accordance with IEC standards and, for example, German standard VDE 0712. The apparatus should be specifically suitable for supplying frequency generators of the audible or ultrasonic range in combination with discharge lamps. Preferably, radio noise interference generated by the lamps and/or the circuits connected thereto should, additionally, be suppressed, or at least highly damped.
Briefly, in accordance with the invention, an a-c wave shaping or wave transforming network is connected at the a-c side to the rectifier which converts the received a-c sinusoidal wave shape to a wave shape which is approximately trapeze-shaped or rectangular. The circuit components for the network, preferably, are a combination of a storage inductance and a storage capacitor, dimensioned and matched with respect to each other to have a resonant frequency equal to, or greater than network frequency, but less than three times network frequency; the tuning frequency of the network thus provides for required wave shaping.
In the specification and claims herein, the term "trapezoidal wave shape" is deemed to include the special situation when the angles of the trapeze are right angles, so that, in effect, the wave shape is then essentially a square wave or rectangular wave. The term "trapezoidal wave shape" will be used to include the special situation to avoid repetition in wording.
Placing an inductance/capacitance circuit combination ahead of the rectifier results in an output which has low ripple; for transformation of the network voltage, the transformer will receive a voltage having relatively steep flanks, so that the phase angle of current flow in the network is substantially increased, resulting in a decrease of harmonics in the power network and simultaneous improvement in the power factor to values in excess of 0.9.
Two basic circuits have been found eminently suitable. Both circuits use a storage inductance or choke connected in series with the input of the rectifier which, preferably, is a full-wave rectifier, and in case of three-phase networks, a bridge rectifier. The storage capacitor can be differently placed. The capacity value of the capacitor is matched to that of the impedance of the choke at network frquency.
In one of the circuit arrangements, the storage capacitor is connected in parallel to the input to the rectifier. The storage capacitor and the choke or inductance then form a T-circuit. This circuit results in the desired decrease of harmonics in the power system, that is, the harmonics are within the limits determined by IEC and other standards, while increasing the network power factor to about 0.94.
The second circuit arrangement uses a series circuit of a choke and a capacitor, forming a series or tuned circuit. This series circuit results in sufficient decrease of harmonics in the network and an increase in the power factor to about 0.9, or just slightly below, with a phase shift in the inductive direction. In order to improve this circuit, a correction capacitor can be connected in parallel to the input of the rectifier. The correction capacitor improves the power factor substantially to about 0.95 and results in a further decrease of harmonics in the power-network.
Circuits have been proposed in which the choke or inductance and the storage capacitor are arranged in a parallel resonant circuit. It has been found that such a simple parallel resonant circuit does not permit obtaining the low level of harmonics in the power network required by governmental and industry standards. The parallel resonant circuit does decrease the intensity of the harmonics to which it is tuned, for example the third harmonic, but does not suppress other harmonics, particularly the higher-number harmonics which can pass without, essentially, any damping. In order to be able to obtain d-c output of low ripple, without introducing harmonics into the supply power network, it would be necessary to connect a plurality of parallel resonant circuits to the power supply network, tuned to different harmonic frequencies, which would result in an expensive and complex construction of the rectifier system, which then no longer would be economically feasible. While technologically possible, the costs of such a system would be excessive.
Arranging a choke or storage inductance and a storage capacitor as a T-circuit, or, alternatively, as a series resonant circuit, results in an economical rectifier system which furnishes the required characteristics. The respective elements can be readily determined by simple well known calculations and optimum effectiveness and economical use of components can be readily determined emperically, in the light of existing price levels for the component elements involved.
Electronic accessory equipment to operate discharge lamps, such as fluorescent lamps, results in radio interference which increases with decrease of losses in the accessory equipment itself. Thus, the higher the quality of the accessory equipment, the fewer the losses, and hence greater radio interference. Radio interference can be suppressed by the rectifier system, for example by separating the storage inductance in two paths which each are connected in one of the supply lines to the rectifier itself. This results in substantial decrease of radio interference which is radiated as well as interference which is transmitted over the power lines to which the rectifier system is connected. Subdividing the storage inductance can be done in various ways, for example by placing two windings, each forming a half winding of the inductance on a single core, or to use two separate inductances, each of about half the inductivity, or the reactive impedance of the total inductance required. Using two separate inductances provides for better radio interference suppression, at a higher cost, however, than when a single core is used on which two windings are wound,
It is known that three-phase rectifiers of customary construction result in generation of substantial harmonic content in the network and pass any radio interfence signals generated in the utilization apparatus essentially without any damping. The circuit described for a low-ripple, low-harmonic, single-phase rectifer so constructed that radio interference is a minimum can also be applied to a three-phase rectifier, particularly a three-phase bridge rectifier--effectively a six-phase rectifier. The design criteria are the same as those for a single-phase rectifier.
FIGS. 1a and 1b are rectifier circuits in accordance with the prior art, of standard construction, which will be referred to for comparision purposes;
FIG. 2 is a timing diagram of network voltage and current at the a-c side upon connection of a rectifier in accordance with FIG. 1a or 1b;
FIG. 3 is the basic circuit of a power rectifier in accordance with the present invention, connected to a single-phase network having low-power phase harmonics;
FIGS. 4a and 4b, drawn in vertical alignment, are timing diagrams of voltage and currents of a rectifier in accordance with FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a single-phase power rectifier with harmonic suppression circuitry in series resonant arrangement;
FIGS. 6a and 6b, drawn in vertical alignment, are voltage and current diagrams of the rectifier in accordance with FIG. 5;
FIGS. 7a and 7b are two embodiments of rectifier systems for single-phase application with radio noise interference damping circuitry;
FIGS. 8a and 8b are diagrams illustrating radio noise interference suppression of the circuits in FIGS. 7a, 7b, respectively;
FIGS. 9a and 9b are two different embodiments of single-phase circuits with radio noise interference suppression using series resonant circuits;
FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram of a rectifier arrangement of three-phase full-wave rectification with a T-network; and
FIG. 11 is a three-phase rectifier arrangement with series resonant circuits.
A single-phase full-wave rectifier as shown in FIGS. 1a, 1b is connected as well known and in accordance with prior art, by connecting behind the rectifier bridge unit 1 a smoothing or filtering capacitor 3. The rectifier array or unit 1 consists of separate rectifier diode elements which, preferably, are solidstate semiconductor rectifiers but need not be; they can be valve types. In its simplest form, the d-c output has filter capacitor 3 (FIG. 1a) connected thereto; better output smoothing is obtained by using the combination of a charge capacitor 4, an inductance in form of a throttle or choke 5, and a further filter capacitor 6 (see FIG. 1b ). This basic circuit can be readily adapted for use with three-phase, and three-phase rectified power can be smoothed by the circuits of FIG. 1a or 1b as well known.
The time-voltage and current diagram is shown in FIG. 2, which shows the network voltage 7 and the network current 8 of either one of the rectifiers of FIG. 1a or 1b. The particular rectifier of either of FIG. 1a or 1b can be constructed to have an actual power output of 135 W, for example, for supply electrical power to a semiconductor circuit for operation of gas discharge lamps, such as fluorescent lamps, in the low ultrasonic range, for example about 20 kHz. The d-c ripple is reduced by the capacitor 3, or the combination of capacitor 4, 6 and inductance 5, to about 16%; the power factor is 0.56, and the network current, curve 8, due to the very short phase angle of current flow of only about 44 electrical degrees (°-el) is rich in harmonics. The third harmonic is 88%, the fifth harmonic 65%, the seventh harmonic 38%, etc. (with reference to the fundamental wave). A three-phase rectifier, without further smoothing at the d-c side, will only have a current phase angle flow of about 60°-el, which, with additional smoothing capacitors, is further decreased. Thus, it has similar disadvantages as a single-phase rectifier, although in a somewhat less degree. FIG. 2 shows the voltage and current waves.
In accordance with the present invention, a wave-shaping network is connected in advance of the rectifier, to provide output of low ripple, with high power factor and low harmonic content at the a-c side.
FIG. 3 illustrates a single-phase full-wave rectifier with a-c terminals 9, 10 connected to input terminals 11, 12 of the rectifier array 1. Between the terminals 9, 10 of the a-c network line and the rectifier array inputs 11, 12, a choke D, or inductance 13, is connected, suitably dimensioned to carry the current to be supplied by the rectifier in dependence on the d-c load placed thereon. The choke D is connected in the "hot" or phase terminal Ph, that is, in line 14. A storage capacitor C1, reference numeral 16, is connected across the input terminals 11, 12 of the rectifier unit 1. The capacity value of capacitor C1 is matched to the impedance of the choke D. The circuit, thus, is a T-circuit. The d-c side of the rectifier 1 has a filter capacitor C2, reference numeral 17, connected thereacross. The capacity of filter capacitor C2 can be much less than that of capacitor 3 (FIG. 1a) for a similar ripple at the output than it would be if the circuit D/C1 were omitted at the a-c side of the rectifier. The filter capacitor 17 is connected, as customary, across the output terminals 18, 19 of the rectifier 1. The second a-c terminal 12 of the rectifier 1 is connected through the "ground" line 15 to the ground or common terminal Mp of the a-c network.
The circuit of FIG. 3 has been constructed in one exemplary form for use with fluorescent lamps and a frequency generator circuit generating a frequency for lamp operation in the low supersonic range with a power input thereto of 135 W. The circuit of FIG. 3 was so designed that the harmonics in the power circuit would not exceed the values set by the IEC and which meet the standards of German electrical standard VDE 0712, part 2. Typical impedance values, for a single-phase network of 50 Hz, are as follows:
______________________________________Impedance (50 Hz) of inductance D Z = 163 Ωapparent power of inductance D PS = 90 VAstorage capacitor C1 C = 3.4 μFfilter capacitor C2 C = 40 μFnetwork voltage UN = 220 Vnetwork current IN = 0.74 Anetwork power factor λN = 0.94third harmonic of network current 3.H = 20%fifth harmonic of network current 5.H = 6%seventh harmonic of network current 7.H = 2%total further odd harmonics HT = less than 1%d-c ripple p = 12%lamp power PL = 135 Woverall accessory losses PVΣ = 15 W.______________________________________
The harmonics of the network current are all well within acceptable limits. The network power factor could be raised to the high value of 0.94. The losses of the accessory, due to the low ripple, were lowered by about 3 W over those of FIG. 1a, thus largely compensating the losses which are caused by the voltage drops through the inductance D, so that the overall accessory losses were only 15 W, providing for an overall operating efficiency of 90%.
Oscillograms of current and voltage relationships of the circuit of FIG. 3, in operation, are shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b. The oscillograms have been broken up into two aligned figures for clarity. The incoming network voltage is shown at 20--FIG. 4a. The network current is shown at 21. The current taken up by the rectifiers is shown at the broken-line curve 22 and the voltage across the storage capacitor C1 by the broken-line curve 23. FIG. 4b, in vertical alignment, again shows the voltage across the storage capacitor C1, curve 24, in solid line, shows the voltage across the inductance D, and broken-line curve 25 shows the current through the storage capacitor C1.
It will be seen that the network D/C1 provides for wave shaping of the voltage applied to the rectifier unit 1--see curve 23--into approximately trapezoidal shape, in which, it is to be remembered, the term "trapezoidal" is independent of the angular relationship of a trapeze.
Embodiment of FIG. 5: The combination of inductance D and capacity C1 can be realized not only in the T-arrangement of FIG. 3 but, also, in a series resonance circuit as seen in FIG. 5. This arrangement provides a low harmonic network rectifier with low ripple output. Similar elements have been given similar reference numerals; functionally equivalent elements have been given the same letter designation, although, in the circuit, they may be somewhat differently positioned and thus have been given different reference numeral designation.
Network terminals 9, 10 are connected to the terminals 11, 12 of rectifier unit 1. Serially connected between the terminals 9, 10 and one of the terminals 11, 12, is a series resonance circuit formed by the inductance D26 and the storage capacitor C1 27, the capacity of which is matched to that of the choke D. The d-c side of the rectifier 1 is connected to filter capacitor C2 28, the capacity of which, just as in the example of FIG. 3, can be substantially smaller than if no circuit at the a-c side were placed. The circuit can be further improved, both with respect to harmonics in the a-c line as well as with respect to power factor, by connecting a further correction capacitor C3 29 between the output of the series resonance circuit D/C1 and the rectifier inputs, that is, across the input terminals 11, 12 of the rectifier.
A circuit in accordance with FIG. 5, and specifically designed for supersonic frequency operation of a power rectifier was constructed with the following values:
______________________________________Impedance of choke D (50 Hz) Z = 166 Ωapparent power, choke D PS = 90 VAstorage capacitor C1 C = 19.2 μFfilter capacitor C2 C = 45 μFcorrection capacitor C3 C = 0.95 μFnetwork voltage UN = 220 Vnetwork current IN = 720 mAoverall power PG = 150 Wlamp power PL = 135 Wnetwork power factor λN = 0.95d-c ripple p = 12%third harmonic of network current 3.H = 23%fifth harmonic of network current 5.H = 5.8%seventh harmonic of network current 7.H = 3.1%ninth harmonic of network current 9.H = 1.6%total further odd harmonics HT' = less than 1%.______________________________________
The harmonics in the a-c network are similar to those of the embodiment of FIG. 3, that is, the T-circuit. Likewise, the overall losses are about 15 W. The power factor is somewhat better, 0.95 as against 0.94. The choke D can be the same for both embodiments; the storage capacitor C1 likewise can be the same and the apparent power likewise is similar. The values of the capacitors, however, are different. In the embodiment of the FIG. 3, the storage capacitor C1 must be designed--in a 220 V line voltage system--for 310 V with a capacitor of 3.4 μF. In the circuit of FIG. 5, the capacity is 19.2 μF, with an operating voltage of 115 V. The correction capacitor C3 is an additional element, thus making the overall circuit somewhat more costly. It is not entirely necessary, however, and thus is shown in broken lines. It does, however, result in marked improvement of the rectifier system, and particularly better power factor, which otherwise would require a larger inductance choke.
The primary difference between the circuits of FIGS. 3 and 5 is this: The circuit of FIG. 3, with the T-configuration, provides a d-c voltage of between 300 to 320 V (with 220 V input); the circuit with the series resonance arrangement of FIG. 5 provides between 225-235 V with 220 V input. For many applications, the rectifier arrangement as illustrated in FIG. 3 is preferable.
Operating oscillograms of the rectifier system of FIG. 5 are shown in FIGS. 6a, 6b again in aligned arrangement, and broken up for ease of analysis. Curve 30 shows the network current, curve 31 the sinusoidal network voltage. Curve 32 is the voltage across the inductance choke D alone, the broken-line curve 33 is the voltage across the choke D and the storage capacitor C1. Curve 34 shows the voltage across the storage capacitor C1. The supply voltage curve 31 is reproduced, in broken lines, in FIG. 6b which further shows, in curve 35, the voltage across the correction capacitor C3. Curve 36 is the current through the correction capacitor C3. The a-c taken by the rectifier elements is shown at curve 37. It is seen, again, that the supply voltage to the rectifier part, which corresponds to the voltage across capacitor C3, is close to a rectangular or square-wave voltage, that is, is right angle--trapezoidal, see curve 35, FIG. 6b.
Electronic apparatus operating at a frequency substantially in excess of power frequency, for example in the audio, high-audio or supersonic range, which is particularly adapted to operate fluorescent lamps, for example, causes radio inteference. The circuit can be used to additionally suppress radiated, as well as line-propagated radio interference. Reference is made to FIGS. 7a and 7b:
Embodiment of FIG. 7a: The system corresponds, basically, to that of FIG. 3. The inductance D, generally shown at 38, has two separate windings 39, 40 wound on a common core 41. Capacitor C1,42 is connected across the input terminals 11, 12 of the rectifier. A filter capactor C2,43 bridges the output terminal 18, 19.
Embodiment of FIG. 7b: The basic system is similar, except that the inductance D is now separated into two separate chokes 44, 45, each having half the inductance or apparent power of the inductance 13 (FIG. 3) or 38 (FIG. 7a). The storage capacitor C1,46, and the filter capacitor C2, 47 are placed as in FIG. 7a.
Operating diagrams, with reference to FIGS. 8a and 8b: FIGS. 8a and 8b show radio interference voltages Fs or, respectively, radio interference levels Fs-P at the ordinate, in dependence on frequency (n) at the abscissa for an electronic accessory unit, loaded with fluorescent discharge lamps of 135 W power. Network voltage is 220 V at 50 Hz, the accessory circuit has circuit losses of 15 W. Operating frequency for a lamp load--not shown--connected through an inverter circuit to the output terminals marked + and -, that is, the cross terminals 18, 19 provides for operation at 25 kHz.
Curves I to V are entered in the usual diagram customary for data sheets of radio interference measurements, in which only the graphic portion is shown in FIGS. 8a, 8b.
Curve I, in both figures, illustrates interference voltages upon feeding a lamp inverter and the lamps with a rectifier of the prior art, for example of the type shown in FIG. 1a or 1b; curves II and IV interference voltages by use of rectifiers in accordance with the present invention, in which curve II in FIG. 8a illustrates the arrangement in accordance with FIG. 7a, in which the choke D has a subdivided winding. Curve IV, FIG. 8b, shows the arrangement of the circuit of FIG. 7b, in which the choke D is subdivided into two separate parts 44, 45. The storage capacitor C1, in each case, has a capacity of 3.4 μF.
Curves III and V, respectively, show the interference voltage with an additional noise suppression circuit applied thereto, in accordance with regulations and applicable standards. The noise suppression unit which was connected to the lamps, used as loads, with respect to curve III of FIG. 8a was a pi-network with capacitors of 0.03 μF and 2×2500 pF and 2×4 mH. Curve III has the circuit of FIG. 7a. Curve V had the circuit of FIG. 7b with an additional noise suppression circuit of a similar network with 0.03 μF+2×2500 pF+2×1 mH inductance. It is to be noted that the noise suppression circuits required for noise suppression of a lamp load connected to the rectifier circuit of FIG. 7b can be substantially smaller, due to the much smaller inductance than that for the circuit of FIG. 7a, curve III. The lines G, N, K in the data sheets of the FIGS. 8a, 8b represent the three limits of the radio interference voltage in accordance with the VDE 0875 standard.
G="Grob" (high admissible interference level)
N="Normal" (normal admissible interference level)
K="Klein" (low admissible interference level).
The existing standard is given by the solid lines; the broken lines show the desired standard curves for the limits G and N of the radio interference voltage.
Embodiment of FIG. 9: FIGS. 9a and 9b illustrate circuit arrangements with radio interference noise suppression utilizing the basic circuit of FIG. 5, that is, a series resonance circuit, in combination with a single-phase supply.
FIG. 9a illustrates a choke D, 48 having two separate windings 49, 50 on a common core 51, the windings 49, 50 being respectively connected serially in the network supply lines 14, 15. Storage capacitor C1, 52 is serially connected with the choke 48, in series with the winding 49. An additional phase correction capacitor C3, 53 can be connected across the input terminals 11, 12 of the rectifier, but is not strictly necessary. The filter capacitor C2, 54 is arranged as is customary.
FIG. 9b illustrates the inductance D in form of two separate chokes 55, 56, each of half the inductivity, and apparent power, respectively. The storage capacitor C1, 57, a possible phase correction capicator C3, 58, and filter capacitor C2, 59 are connected as shown, and similar to FIG. 9a.
The curves for noise suppression shown in FIGS. 8a and 8b are essentially similar to those for the rectifier systems of FIGS. 7a, 7b, respectively, and the better noise suppression of the circuit of FIG. 9b also is similar to that in connection with the circuit of FIG. 7b.
The concept of the present application can be equally applied to multi-phase networks. FIGS. 10, 11 show, respectively, the basic circuits of FIGS. 3, 5 applied to three-phase networks.
Embodiment of FIG. 10: A customary bridge-type rectifier 60 has rectifier valves 61 connected as well known, and as shown in the drawing. The rectifier 60 has three inputs 62, 63, 64 and two d-c outputs 65, 66. In accordance with FIG. 10, each one of the three-phase network supply lines 67, 68, 69, connected to respective phase terminals 70, 71, 72, has a choke D 73, 74, 75 serially connected thereto. Any two rectifier inputs are bridged by a storage capacitor C1 76, 77, 78, as shown, so that the basic circuit arrangement corresponds to T-circuits. Since such a three-phase rectifier already has comparatively low ripple at the output terminals 65, 66, the further filter capacitor C2, 79 is not strictly necessary and, therefore, has been shown in broken lines. Use of the capacitor C2, however, further decreases the output ripple.
Embodiment of FIG. 11: FIG. 11 shows a series resonant circuit in the a-c lines--corresponding to the series resonant circuit of FIG. 5. Inductances D 80, 81, 82 are connected as in FIG. 10; the storage capacitor C1, in form of capacitors 83, 84, 85, is serially connected with the respective inductances 80, 82, 82 so that each one of the supply lines 67, 68, 69 has the series connection of a choke 80 and a storage capactor 83 serially connected therein. Additional phase correction capacitors C3 86, 87, 88 can be used, if desired, and connected as shown in broken lines, since they are not strictly necessary. The filter capacitor C2,89 is preferably used, but not strictly necessary.
Constructional criteria for building the rectifier systems, particularly for supply of frequency generators to in turn supply gas discharge lamps, are subject to these considerations: The T-circuit of FIG. 3, as well as the series resonance circuit of FIG. 5, requires storage inductances D which should be so dimensioned that the third harmonic in the a-c supply current is limited to, at the most, 25% of maximum, with an overall power factor of at least 0.9. Since the magnetic energy must supply power when the network voltage, instantaneously, is small and supply this power--in accordance with permitted output ripple--it is necessary that the reactive power, or apparent power, be directly proportional to the actual power supplied by the rectifier. Considering weight, cost, and I2 R losses, the inductance D should have as low an apparent power as possible. It has been determined empirically that a choke or inductance D, having an apparent power--at network frequency--of about 60% of the actual power supplied is capable of holding the harmonic content of the a-c network at a sufficiently low level and additionally insures, in connection with a comparatively small filter capacitor C2, that the ripple at the d-c output of the rectifier will not be more than 15%, and actually can be somewhere between 10% and 15%. The dimensioning of the inductance choke D further should consider that its characteristic at rated voltage is approximately linear up to rated current. If the characteristic is curved--for example due to excessive saturation--the third harmonic will be enhanced. Thus, the core content of the choke element should be sufficient to provide for an essentially straight-line characteristic up to rated current.
The storage capacitor C1 has to be dimensioned differently for the circuit of FIG. 3, with a T-circuit, or for a series resonant circuit, FIG. 5. In the circuit of FIG. 3, the capacity of the capacitor C1 is determined by the consideration that, for a 50 Hz network, the resonant frequency of the choke D in combination with the capacitor C1 should be less than the third harmonic, i.e., 150 Hz and greater than 100 Hz (for 60 Hz, between 180 and 120 Hz). A suitable value is an intermediate resonant frequency of 120 Hz (150 Hz for 60 Hz networks). Good results can be obtained in a range varying about 10 Hz from the optimum in either direction. If the higher frequency is exceeded, for example above 130 Hz (160 Hz for a 60 Hz network), then the third harmonic of the a-c will undesirably increase; if the lower limit is passed, the unit will receive an excess capacitative quadrature current component, and the overall efficiency decreases.
The foregoing has been determined in connection with 50 Hz and 60 Hz networks; for other network frequencies, the values change correspondingly. In a preferred form, the resonant frequency of the inductance/capacitance network of the system of FIG. 3, formed by the inductance D and the capacitor C1, is preferably in the range of about 2.2 to 2.6 of network frequency; the best results have been found at about 2.4 times network frequency.
The capacity of the storage capacitor C1, when used in the series resonant circuit of FIG. 5, is determined in combination with the inductance of the choke D so that the resonant frequency will conform to network frequency. Any deviation of the resonant frequency from network frequency results in increasing harmonics in the network current. The necessary operating voltage or peak dielectric of the storage capacitor C1 for a 220 V network is in the order of about 115-120 V.
The phase correction capacitor C3, when using the series resonant circuit of FIG. 5, has been determined empirically, in which a balance has been struck between the best possible technical effect and the economics of the overall circuit. Such a suitable balance can be obtained when the capacity of the capacitor C3 is about 5% of the capacity of the storage capacitor C1. The operating voltage, for a 220 V network, of course, would be 220 V at least.
The filter capacitor C2 at the d-c output of the rectifier can be made substantially smaller than such filter capacitors of the prior art, with the same final output ripple. Thus, filter capacitor C2 can be designed for maximum permitted ripple. Using the rectifier arrangement with the T-circuit, FIG. 3, requires a filter capacitor C2 which has a capacity of about 0.3 μF per watt of the effective or actual output power. This value is suitable for rectifiers with a supply voltage of 220 V nominal and a network frequency of 50 Hz. The capacity changes inversely with the square of the voltage for other voltages and inversely linearly with the frequency, so that, for 110 V, 60 hz, a capacity of about 1.0 μF/W would be suitable. The capacity of the capacitor C2 is not critical and can readily be varies within a wide range and, effectively, affects only the final ripple of the d-c output. The harmonics in the a-c network, the power factor, and the actual power, are hardly influenced by the value of the capacity of capacitor C2. Reducing the capacity to half, for example 0.15 μF/W (at 220 V, 50 Hz) or 0.5 μF/W (at 110 V, 60 Hz, respectively), still permits operation with operating parameters within applicable limits and operating standards for electrical equipment.
The value of the filter capacitor C2, when using the series resonant circuit of FIG. 5, requires a slightly higher capacity for best effects, for example in the order of about 0.5 μF, per watt of output power at 220 V, and, as in the above example, assuming a network frequency of 50 Hz. Again, upon different voltage operation, the optimum capacity of the filter capacitor C2 changes inversely with the square of the voltage and inversely linearly with the frequency, so that for 110 V, 60 Hz a capacity of about 1.7 μF/W would be suitable. The capacity of the filter capacitor, as in the embodiment of FIG. 3, itself, is not critical and may vary within wide limits. Increasing the capacity decreases the ripple; decreasing the capacity, conversely, increases the ripple. For optimum results, a balance between costs and permitted ripple can readily be determined.
The above-described dimensioning relations are particularly suitable for rectifiers adapted for connection to a power network which provides a low-ripple d-c output with minimum harmonics in the a-c network, and especially for operation of fluorescent lamps from a d-c audio or supersonic range frequency generator-inverter from the d-c output. The particular dimensions referred to permit economical manufacture of such units. If the requirements regarding freedom from harmonics in the a-c network are raised, or the degree of ripple in the d-c circuit should be particularly low, then, at some cost, the circuit still permits such adaptation. For example, it is possible to so arrange the circuit that the sum of all the harmonics in the a-c network will be below 3%, and/or the ripple in the d-c portion will be below 3%. To decrease further the harmonic content in the a-c network, it is only necessary to use a choke D which is larger, and has a higher impedance; the capacity of the storage capacitor C1 then has to be decreased to the extent that the resonant frequency of the T-circuit (FIG. 3) is in the range of between 2.2 to 2.6 of network frequency. If a series resonant circuit is used (FIG. 5), then of course the resonant frequency thereof must be equal to the network frequency. This also maintains high power factor. To decrease ripple at the output, the increase in the choke D will then have the desired effect if, additionally, a filter capacitor C2 of higher capacity is used. The larger choke D permits such greater use. The best results are obtained when the corresponding conditions for resonant frequency between the choke D and the storage capacitor C1 are met, while, additionally, the capacity of the filter capacitor C2 is increased over that given for optimum economic application.
Various changes and modifications may be made, and features described in connection with any one of the embodiments may be used with any of the others, within the scope of the inventive concept.
|Cited Patent||Filing date||Publication date||Applicant||Title|
|US3978388 *||1 Jul 1974||31 Aug 1976||Zellweger Uster Ltd.||Current-supply arrangement for an electronic remote control receiver|
|US4127893 *||17 Aug 1977||28 Nov 1978||Gte Sylvania Incorporated||Tuned oscillator ballast circuit with transient compensating means|
|US4188661 *||23 Feb 1979||12 Feb 1980||Gte Sylvania Incorporated||Direct drive ballast with starting circuit|
|US4222096 *||5 Dec 1978||9 Sep 1980||Lutron Electronics Co., Inc.||D-C Power supply circuit with high power factor|
|GB473276A *||Title not available|
|GB770896A *||Title not available|
|SU418849A1 *||Title not available|
|Citing Patent||Filing date||Publication date||Applicant||Title|
|US4803379 *||28 Aug 1986||7 Feb 1989||Dieter Grasslin Feinwerktechnik||Circuit arrangement for power supply for electrical and electronic control or regulating devices|
|US4831508 *||20 Oct 1987||16 May 1989||Computer Products Inc.||Power supply system having improved input power factor|
|US4849950 *||20 Oct 1988||18 Jul 1989||Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba||Device for reducing the leakage noise of a power converter|
|US4888675 *||26 Aug 1987||19 Dec 1989||Harris Corporation||Switching power supply filter|
|US4896078 *||6 May 1985||23 Jan 1990||Nilssen Ole K||Distributed ballasting system for sun tanning apparatus|
|US4914559 *||27 Mar 1989||3 Apr 1990||American Telephone And Telegraph Company||Power factor improving arrangement|
|US4930061 *||7 Apr 1989||29 May 1990||At&T Bell Laboratories||Method and network for enhancing power factor of off-line switching circuit|
|US4959766 *||7 Jul 1989||25 Sep 1990||National Research Council Of Canada/Conseil National De Recherches Du Canada||AC/DC converter using resonant network for high input power factor|
|US4961044 *||1 Sep 1989||2 Oct 1990||Melvin Kravitz||Power factor correction circuit for power supplies|
|US5113335 *||23 Jul 1986||12 May 1992||Steve Smith||Harmonic currents isolating network|
|US5134556 *||23 Oct 1990||28 Jul 1992||Courier De Mere Henri||Voltage converter with self-integration and voltage summation|
|US5148359 *||23 Dec 1991||15 Sep 1992||Gte Products Corporation||Network for obtaining high power and low total harmonic distortion|
|US5148360 *||29 Jan 1992||15 Sep 1992||Gte Products Corporation||Fourth order damped lowpass filter for obtaining high power factor and low total harmonic distortion|
|US5224029 *||16 Aug 1991||29 Jun 1993||Newman Jr Robert C||Power factor and harmonic correction circuit including ac startup circuit|
|US5237492 *||23 Jun 1992||17 Aug 1993||The University Of Toledo||AC to DC converter system with ripple feedback circuit|
|US5345164 *||27 Apr 1993||6 Sep 1994||Metcal, Inc.||Power factor corrected DC power supply|
|US5362945 *||24 Apr 1992||8 Nov 1994||Barmag Ag||Godet for heating an advancing yarn|
|US5416687 *||23 Jun 1992||16 May 1995||Delta Coventry Corporation||Power factor correction circuit for AC to DC power supply|
|US5635825 *||2 Sep 1994||3 Jun 1997||Electronic Lighting, Inc.||Power factor corrected feedforward coupled DC power supply|
|US5703438 *||22 Jan 1996||30 Dec 1997||Valmont Industries, Inc.||Line current filter for less than 10% total harmonic distortion|
|US6594165 *||9 Apr 2002||15 Jul 2003||Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.||Circuit for converting AC voltage into DC voltage|
|US6608770||31 Aug 2001||19 Aug 2003||Vlt Corporation||Passive control of harmonic current drawn from an AC input by rectification circuitry|
|US6922883||6 Aug 2003||2 Aug 2005||Abb Inc.||Method for making a non-linear inductor|
|US6965290||6 Aug 2003||15 Nov 2005||Abb Inc.||Low harmonic rectifier circuit|
|US7738270 *||14 Apr 2008||15 Jun 2010||Princeton Technology Corporation||Power supply device|
|US8564218 *||2 Mar 2009||22 Oct 2013||Koninklijke Philips N.V.||Driving a light-emitting diode|
|US8664876 *||29 Jun 2009||4 Mar 2014||Tai-Her Yang||Lighting device with optical pulsation suppression by polyphase-driven electric energy|
|US8665618 *||28 Feb 2011||4 Mar 2014||Switching Power, Inc.||Passive three phase input current harmonic reduction and power factor correction circuit for power supplies|
|US8988911 *||13 Jun 2013||24 Mar 2015||Turtle Beach Corporation||Self-bias emitter circuit|
|US9002032||14 Jun 2011||7 Apr 2015||Turtle Beach Corporation||Parametric signal processing systems and methods|
|US9036381 *||1 Feb 2013||19 May 2015||Arbl Co., Ltd||Additional electric power receiving method and device replacing conventional grounding with negative voltage source|
|US9036831||10 Jan 2013||19 May 2015||Turtle Beach Corporation||Amplification system, carrier tracking systems and related methods for use in parametric sound systems|
|US9066378 *||7 Sep 2011||23 Jun 2015||Tai-Her Yang||Lighting device with optical pulsation suppression by polyphase-driven electric energy|
|US9117588 *||1 Feb 2013||25 Aug 2015||Siemens Aktiengesellschaft||Combination converter arrangement and switching device|
|US9192001 *||24 May 2013||17 Nov 2015||Ambionce Systems Llc.||Reactive power balancing current limited power supply for driving floating DC loads|
|US9313849||22 Jul 2013||12 Apr 2016||Silescent Lighting Corporation||Dimming control system for solid state illumination source|
|US9332344||22 May 2015||3 May 2016||Turtle Beach Corporation||Self-bias emitter circuit|
|US9380653||31 Oct 2014||28 Jun 2016||Dale Stepps||Driver assembly for solid state lighting|
|US9410688||9 May 2014||9 Aug 2016||Mark Sutherland||Heat dissipating assembly|
|US20040046629 *||6 Aug 2003||11 Mar 2004||Gokhale Kalyan P.||Low harmonic rectifier circuit|
|US20040046634 *||6 Aug 2003||11 Mar 2004||Gokhale Kalyan P.||Low harmonic rectifier circuit|
|US20090154208 *||14 Apr 2008||18 Jun 2009||Princeton Technology Corporation||Power supply device|
|US20100238691 *||1 Jul 2009||23 Sep 2010||Tsung-Ein Tsai||Ac-to-dc power supply circuit|
|US20100320931 *||2 Mar 2009||23 Dec 2010||Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.||Driving a light-emitting diode|
|US20100327762 *||29 Jun 2009||30 Dec 2010||Tai-Her Yang||Lighting device with optical pulsation suppression by polyphase-driven electric energy|
|US20120008355 *||28 Feb 2011||12 Jan 2012||Switching Power, Inc.||Passive three phase input current harmonic reduction and power factor correction circuit for power supplies|
|US20120062124 *||7 Sep 2011||15 Mar 2012||Tai-Her Yang||Lighting device with optical pulsation suppression by polyphase-driven electric energy|
|US20130207638 *||1 Feb 2013||15 Aug 2013||Siemens Aktiengesellschaft||Combination converter arrangement and switching device|
|US20140218983 *||1 Feb 2013||7 Aug 2014||Arbl Co., Ltd.||Additional electric power receiving method and device replacing conventional grounding with negative voltage source|
|US20140268941 *||24 May 2013||18 Sep 2014||Dale B. Stepps||Reactive power balancing current limited power supply for driving floating dc loads|
|US20140369531 *||13 Jun 2013||18 Dec 2014||Parametric Sound Corporation||Self-bias emitter circuit|
|CN101936470A *||18 Jun 2010||5 Jan 2011||杨泰和||Lighting device with optical pulsation suppression by polyphase-driven electric energy|
|EP0622888B1 *||22 Apr 1994||8 Jul 1998||Electronic Lighting, Inc.||Improved power factor DC power supply|
|EP1774652A2 *||25 Jul 2005||18 Apr 2007||Schaffner Emv Ag||Emc filter|
|EP2291060A3 *||29 Jun 2010||23 Mar 2011||Tai-Her Yang||Lighting device fed from a single-phase or poly-phase AC power supply whereby flicker is reduced|
|WO1994000908A1 *||23 Jun 1993||6 Jan 1994||Delta Coventry Corporation||Power factor correction circuit for ac to dc power supply|
|WO1995001670A1 *||23 Aug 1993||12 Jan 1995||Square D Company||Ac to dc power conversion system|
|WO2004025816A2 *||26 Aug 2003||25 Mar 2004||Abb Inc.||Low harmonic rectifier circuit|
|WO2004025816A3 *||26 Aug 2003||4 Aug 2005||Abb Inc||Low harmonic rectifier circuit|
|U.S. Classification||363/48, 363/126, 323/208|
|International Classification||H02M1/42, H02M1/14, H02M7/06, H02M1/00, H02M1/12|
|Cooperative Classification||H02M1/126, H02M1/4266, H02M1/14, Y02B70/123|
|European Classification||H02M1/42B13, H02M1/14|
|
<urn:uuid:a5611856-fbf6-4bd5-9cf2-85694892eed4>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://www.google.ca/patents/US4369490
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280718.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00409-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.880286
| 10,972
| 1.664063
| 2
|
ERIC Number: ED419036
Record Type: Non-Journal
Publication Date: 1998
Reference Count: N/A
Getting around Brown. Desegregation, Development, and the Columbus Public Schools. Urban Life and Urban Landscape Series.
Jacobs, Gregory S.
This study argues that the desegregation of the Columbus (Ohio) public schools failed to ensure equal educational opportunity not because it was inherently detrimental to learning, but because it was intrinsically incompatible with the city's steady geographic and economic growth. Even before the beginning of busing in 1979, the threat of desegregation had redefined the parameters of single-family home building in the city, turning the boundaries of the Columbus school district into a residential development redline, and moving the resources that follow new home building further from the city's center. The gradual abandonment of urban education in Columbus has resulted in both the concentration of the poor and African American students within the central city school district and the emergence of a politically powerful form of defensive activism in the area's overwhelmingly white suburban school systems. The following chapters are included: (1) "'A Problem for Our Community': Segregation, Litigation, and the Path to 'Penick'" ("Penick" was the Columbus schools desegregation case); (2) "'What We Must Do, We Must Do Well': Implementation, Desegregation, and the Divided Role of MCSC" (Metropolitan Columbus Schools Committee); (3) "Like Squeezing the Center of a Balloon: Busing, Housing, and the Consequences of the Common Areas"; and (4) "Epilogue: Demoralization and Decline." Information was drawn from more than 60 interviews plus other sources. (Contains 2 maps, 1 table, and 215 references.) (SLD)
Descriptors: Black Students, Busing, Court Litigation, Desegregation Plans, Elementary Secondary Education, Equal Education, Housing, Inner City, Public Schools, Residential Patterns, School Desegregation, School Resegregation, Urban Schools
Ohio State University Press, 1070 Carmack Road, Columbus, OH 43210-1002 (paperback: ISBN-0-8142-0721-9, $16.95; clothbound: ISBN-0-8142-0720-0, $45).
Publication Type: Books; Reports - Evaluative
Education Level: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
|
<urn:uuid:23a21272-d7aa-4eeb-87d7-48b281e5e4be>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED419036
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283008.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00086-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.892107
| 506
| 2.65625
| 3
|
|VITA / NINTENDO 3DS||USA|
By Ben Bateman - Editor at Aksys Games . March 14, 2012 . 1:01pm
So you may have heard that we are releasing this game, and calling it “Zero Escape: Virtue’s Last Reward.” You might have also heard of this game before, and heard it called “Good People Die” or even “Zennin Shiboudesu.” Maybe when you heard that we were calling it Zero Escape: Virtue’s Last Reward, you said to yourself, “What in the Sam Hill is this?! I liked ‘Good People Die,’ gosh darn it!”
Well, truth be told, so did we. But “Good People Die” was a relatively direct translation, and as is often the case with that sort of thing, something was lost in the move. Specifically, in the original Japanese the phrase that was translated to “good people die” would be read in two different ways: either as “these people (who are good) are going to die” or as “I want to be/become a good person.” Although “Good People Die” as a title communicated the first meaning quite well, the second was lost entirely.
That didn’t sit well with us, or with Kotaro Uchikoshi, the creator and director of 999 and Virtue’s Last Reward. We wanted to preserve some of the layers of meaning and wordplay of the original title, but that would mean coming up with something completely different in English. To that end, we sat down and looked at what some of the core ideas were, both with the game and with the title. In this case, it seemed as if the primary messages were “in order to succeed, you need to be good” and “sometimes being good (in the context of the game this could mean choosing to cooperate) will get you killed.”
So how do we communicate that in something that’s not a sentence?
Japan has it easy: They can stuff something full of Kanji, and in three characters you can say something that takes a sentence in English. So, we asked ourselves, how can we get something like that in English? The answer was with idioms, euphemisms, and other turns of phrase imbued with heavy cultural meaning. In this case, you’ve got two:
• “Virtue is its own reward” — You do good not because you expect to get something for it, but because it’s good.
• “Gone to his last reward” — A slightly more pleasant way of saying “He’s dead.”
Squishing these two together gives us “Virtue’s Last Reward,” which can be read in a couple different ways:
• The only reward for virtue is death.
• Being virtuous will, ultimately (“at last”) be rewarding.
We considered and discarded several other possibilities (“Die by the Sword” sounded cool, but made it seem like there might be swords; “Deliberate Betrayal” used homographs cleverly, but was too straightforward and gave the reader no reason to consider deeper meanings; “Just Death” was just silly) before settling on this one.
For “Zero Escape” we wanted to create a branding umbrella that Virtue’s Last Reward, 999, and any future games could rest under comfortably—a little like the Ace Attorney brand, if you will. To do that, we thought about what it was that defined 999 and VLR and was common to both games, and eventually settled on the character of Zero and the idea that each game involves a dangerous escape. Hence, Zero Escape, which has the nice, ominous double meaning of “You have zero chance to escape.”
This means that the official names of these two games are as follows:
• Zero Escape: Nine Hours, Nine Persons, Nine Doors
• Zero Escape: Virtue’s Last Reward
Hopefully that answers all of your questions. If it doesn’t, then I have this nice watch for you…
Note: Box art from 3DS version, screenshot from Vita version.
|
<urn:uuid:123156db-1200-4754-b989-5620b1e55c14>
|
CC-MAIN-2016-44
|
http://www.siliconera.com/2012/03/14/the-thinking-behind-the-title-zero-escape-virtues-last-reward/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721558.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00046-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.973661
| 915
| 2.203125
| 2
|
People who move to Arizona's Sonoran Desert from states like Illinois, New York or Michigan may find themselves in a pickle when they try to grow a garden.
That's what happened to retiree Joyce Knill, who made her way to Arizona because she wanted more sunshine and warm weather than she was getting in Minnesota.
Although she was an avid and successful gardener in the Midwest, she says she faced a totally new experience in the Southwest.
However, ever since she took a master gardener class from the University of Arizona Cooperative Extension, she's become much more familiar with the desert's plants, climate and other essentials to be a more successful gardener.
Now she is helping to put together the 15th annual Pima County Master Gardener Home Garden Tour.
It's being held on Saturday, October 13 from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. It includes four different gardens created by graduates of the program and will focus on container gardening, fruit trees, vegetables and irrigation.
"We'll be talking about site selection, irrigation, composting, insects, everything," Knill says.
She says the course and training are great ways for people to develop and continue their passion for gardening in the Sonoran Desert.
|
<urn:uuid:cc8c7170-fd35-4aed-bcbb-c46025d71704>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
https://radio.azpm.org/s/10741-master-gardeners-share-their-knowledge/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00025-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.977558
| 254
| 2.078125
| 2
|
Storing carrots in this manner keeps them crisp for two weeks; it prevents them from going rubbery and brown.
Materials & tools needed Edit
- fresh cold water
- plastic container (big enough to fit carrots in) with lid
- Acme Juicer or comparative device
Quick steps Edit
- Wash the carrots.
- Scape outer layer off with knife.
- Put fresh carrots in juicer.
- Catch liquid in bowl or cup.
- Add celery to make it taste better.
- Drink immediately or store in refrigerator (less than a week lifespan)
- Carrot pulp may be used in a carrot cake mix or thrown in compost heap.
Full steps Edit
Some details may vary according to machine. The Acme device will have an ejector of pulp. Other juicers have to be stopped and pulp extracted and cleaned when full. Also note that scrapped carrots will turn brown after a while. The older the juice is will also change browner from the carrot natural color. Some over avid fans of carrot juice have been known to retain the carotene and their skin color develops a carrot tint.
|
<urn:uuid:87f6d0d1-8beb-41ca-90b2-12dc3dc24ca0>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://how-to.wikia.com/wiki/Guide_to_making_carrot_juice
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00080-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.898569
| 234
| 2.078125
| 2
|
Clio: Has History in the West become a place of memory?
May 23, 2019, 15:00
5F Conference Room, Museum Building, Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica
Is History a Western place of memory? It is an iconoclastic question, which, until the 1970s, would have surprised, or even shocked, historians. In the best case scenario, they would not have grasped the meaning of the question. Because it was understood that, on one side, there was memory, and, on the other, there was history, and the domain of historians began where memory left off. Since then, great upheavals took place, marked by the irresistible rise of memory in Europe and beyond. But the memorial wave has also led to an interrogation about History both as a discipline and as a dominant belief of the modern world—a world which, in fact, is no longer our own. In this new context, we must ask if History, which has accompanied the modern world, managed to explain it and give it meaning, might not now need a brand new conceptualization.
Toward a new historical Condition
May 24, 2019, 15:00
Conference Room 1, Research Center for Humanities and Social sciences, Academia Sinica
From the transformations of our historical experiences, can we hypothesize the emergence of a new historical condition? I think we can answer this question in the affirmative. Indeed, the questioning of the modern concept of history, as well as the rise of memory, the future in crisis, the growing place taken by the present alone are all symptoms of the recent and profound transformations of our experience of time. The discipline of history struggles to grasp these transformations and, even more, to give them meaning. Can global history, which has developed rapidly, put forward a new concept of history? Isn’t the concept of the Anthropocene, which recognizes humanity as a geological force, nothing short of a radical questioning of history as it has been written since the modern era?
François Hartog, Historian, Professor at the Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), where he holds the chair in Ancient and Modern Historiography. Visiting in various Universities abroad.
Recent publications include La nation, la religion, l’avenir Sur les traces d’Ernest Renan (Gallimard, 2017), Partir pour la Grèce (Flammarion, 2015); Regimes of Historicity, Presentism and Experiences of Time (trad. Columbia 2015), Croire en l’histoire (Flammarion, 2013); Anciens, modernes, sauvages (Seuil 2008); Évidence de l’histoire. Ce que voient les historiens (Gallimard, 2008).
CEFC Taipei 法國現代中國研究中心台北分部
EFEO Taipei Center 法國遠東學院台北中心
Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica 中研院歷史語言研究所
Research Center for Humanities and Social sciences, Academia Sinica 中研院人文社會科學研究中心
Bureau Français de Taipei 法國在台協會
Academia Sinica 中央研究院
The talk will be given in English. Registration is not required.
Access and transportation:
|
<urn:uuid:ba3965da-a8db-4701-b257-d38a73659f22>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://www.cefc.com.hk/event/cefc-taipei-x-academia-sinica-two-conferences-by-professor-francois-hartog-ehess-paris/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572198.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815175725-20220815205725-00266.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.882553
| 812
| 2.171875
| 2
|
Polish Air Force Commander Lt. Gen. Lech Majewski inspects the cockpit of a U.S. Air Force F-16 Fighting Falcon fighter aircraft July 17, 2013. Poland has employed the F-16 since 2006, and the tactics differ from U.S. pilots. The object of this two-week training course is to better integrate air capabilities and strengthen peace within the region. (U.S. Air Force photo by Staff Sgt. Daryl Knee/Released)
LEAVE A COMMENT
LASK AIR BASE, PL
This work, Polish air force identifies strategic need for US Av-Det [Image 1 of 4], by SSgt Daryl Knee, identified by DVIDS, is free of known copyright restrictions under U.S. copyright law.
|
<urn:uuid:c0284368-adbc-485f-98a5-f76ee17551c8>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
https://www.dvidshub.net/image/973433/polish-air-force-identifies-strategic-need-us-av-det
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280483.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00292-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.870797
| 161
| 1.9375
| 2
|
Overview The CBSE envisions a robust, vibrant and holistic school education that will engender excellence in every sphere of human endeavor. The Board is committed to providing quality education to promote intellectual, social and cultural vivacity among its learners. It works towards evolving a learning process and environment, which empowers the future citizens to become global leaders in the emerging knowledge society. The Board advocates Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation with an emphasis on holistic development of learners. The Board commits itself to providing a stress-free learning environment that will develop competent, confident and enterprising citizens who will promote harmony and peace. We are offering the following subjects:
Teaching Methodology for Grade 9 & 10 : Integrated and Interdisciplinary curriculum: The curriculum apart from classroom teaching integrates practical work, guest lectures, field trips and project work, Integrating a rigorous academic curriculum with immersive global experience. Learning concepts are followed by engaging activities. Smart Class Technology in all our classrooms helps to bridge the gap between classroom learning and the real world. Extensive research based projects are carried out in multifarious subjects like Maths, Science, Social Science and English. At Cambridge International School, our focus is to make students learn through a variety of multisensory experience, including hands-on activities, discussions, debates, creative and critical thinking activities, collaborative research, field trips and multimedia. Students are also given a platform to nurture their talents through subject events such as Math Wizard, Literary Extravaganza, Scientific Cambrians, Youth Parliament and Literary Event conducted for Language II.
For More Information please visit-
|
<urn:uuid:7160430a-e6bb-4363-aa47-b6a8e454899c>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
http://www.cishoshiarpur.com/secondarycurriculumcbse.php
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572581.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816211628-20220817001628-00066.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.932267
| 315
| 2.515625
| 3
|
The first feeding came as morning touched the river
2 June 2018, Montauban, France ~ Haras Du Domaine De Monlau was begun in 1989 near Montauban, France, by Robert and Marie-Ange Bourdette. Escaping from the city life of Paris, they found the ideal horse farm property in this corner of southwest France dominated by an old farm house with connecting barns and outbuildings (dépendence).
For the past 25 years the Bourdettes, with the help of son Aretzki, have made improvements to the farm, first with fenced pastures, paddocks and run-in shelters, then completing a total renovation on the home to transform it into a comfortable manor house. In the past few years they have continued to expand guest quarters, making additional living apartments where some of the attached stables had been located.
Here by the river Tarn on 30 hectares of pastures green and verdant, the Bourdettes raise premier Arabian horses for racing and endurance. The temperate climate and the forgiving terrain encourage the young horses to develop stature and musculature as they gambol and gallop on this excellent first training ground for their future careers.
Having the benefit of the river soil to grow their own hay (foins), the Bourdettes are able to give the horses under their care the benefit of fresh and nutritious feed. And the most important part of any young horses’ training for life is the hands-on care given by the three Bourdettes.
It was here, in a spacious apartment attached to the main house, that the Bourdettes welcomed my husband Steve and I following our journey to Spain in May. Waking up on this peaceful farm surrounded by mares and curious foals each morning provided a serene backdrop to our days, and we were treated with the same privileged care afforded the horses.
Marie-Ange prepared wonderful meals which included the deep red just picked tomatoes, crisp cucumbers, lettuce,
and other produce from the local markets. We finally tasted the North African egg dish called Borek or Brick, a dish that I am determined to learn how to make. Each morning we welcomed fresh baguettes and jam (confiture), and other fresh fruits including apples, pears and kiwis, and we dined together each evening when the day’s work was done.
We got to know the horses on the farm by name, often accompanied by Iban, the gentle watch dog and assistant manager of all work and play on the farm.
The first feeding began just as morning light touched the river, and the mares and youngest foals were brought into stalls to eat undisturbed. All other horses remained segregated in pastures by age, gender and temperament, and were fed, groomed, and examined outside daily while eating. It is at this time that foals learn that humans can give marvelous head rubs and all babies are halter and lead trained from the earliest days. This personal treatment is experienced by every horse, every day, while the Bourdettes maintain pristine stables. It is a labor of love that does not end until 8 or 9 pm after the last feeding and after the horses are all back in the pastures for the night.
On the Stud Farm (Haras) the Bourdettes now have 30 mares and 10 young foals, and the 2004 stallion, Runner (Tahar De Candelon x Farida Du Bac).
Over the years, the Stud Farm has produced some incredible athletes and the Monlau name has often been seen in racing headlines.
Al Mamun Monlau – 2008 (Munjiz and Salalah de Monlau), Multiple Group 1 winner
2013 Dubai Kahayla Classic Gr 1, UAE
June 2013 The President of the UAE Cup Gr 1, 2000m
Over €300,000 earnings – Now standing at stud – inquire.
Al Hantar Monlau – 2013 (Burning Sand and Salalah de Monlau)
Winner, January 2018 Race Muttrah Gate Championship Cup,(1600m) Muscat Oman
Aicha De Monlau – 2013 (No Risk Al Maury x Lawaha)
Winner, July 2016, Race Razzia III, Gr.3,(1800m) La Teste
Winner, May 2016 1600m Toulouse
Rachidia De Monlau – 2011 (Calin du Loup and Osaka Domenjoi)
Winner, January 2017, Al Jinan Handicap, 1600m Muscat,Oman
Sniper De Monlau – 2012 (Calin de Loup and Clairvoyant)
Winner, the HH President Cup Prep February 2018
Third – March 2017 Dubai Kahayla Classicm 2200m –
Ali Baba Monlau – 2008 (Tidjani and Osaka Domenjoi)
Winner, June 2013 Race Prix AOUCHICHE ABDELMADJID,
2000m Caroubier Algeria
More Winners: http://www.harasdemonlau.com/html/a_voir_anglais.html
Inquiries on Horses: http://www.harasdemonlau.com/
|
<urn:uuid:ca990594-2d86-42be-8dc6-6d4c05e58b32>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://www.horsereporter.com/haras-du-domaine-de-monlau-an-exceptional-stud-farm-in-france/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572286.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816090541-20220816120541-00267.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.931866
| 1,099
| 1.695313
| 2
|
Take note: This story contains point out of self-hurt and suicidal ideation. If you or a cherished a person is in crisis, get in touch with the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline or New Hampshire’s Rapid Reaction Obtain Position for assist.
In his 17 a long time at the Nashua Police Division, Lt. Charles MacGregor has lost depend of how frequently he’s read the refrain: “I didn’t know who else to call.”
MacGregor knows police aren’t the ideal in good shape for each and every contact that comes their way, especially when men and women are suffering from a psychological well being crisis.
But in New Hampshire, longstanding gaps in the state’s psychological overall health method have intended police are usually the de facto to start with responders when someone’s in disaster. At instances, that has meant those who will need procedure really don’t get the assist they need to have, as a substitute struggling with arrest or other dire consequences. An investigation from the Harmony Monitor past year found deadly police shootings in New Hampshire disproportionately concerned persons with mental sickness. Interactions with regulation enforcement can also carry heightened threat for folks of color or marginalized communities that have traditionally faced law enforcement bias and violence.
Individuals gaps in New Hampshire’s mental overall health system have also led lots of healthcare facility crisis rooms to serve as the initially line of treatment method for folks who close up ready days or months for additional acceptable care.
At the start off of this 12 months, while, New Hampshire began to radically reshape how it handles these kinds of unexpected emergency calls — with the purpose of creating it simpler for people today in crisis to get the assist they want.
Because January, Granite Staters have been equipped to arrive at out to New Hampshire’s Quick Reaction Entry Point, by contacting or texting 1-833-710-6477 or beginning an on the net chat by means of this web site. An different to the 911 process, the support is meant to support connect men and women with area means, like a abide by-up appointment with a area clinician or a mobile crisis workforce of mental wellbeing staff that can meet up with them in individual.
Receiving this new program underway has essential lots of do the job from state officers, psychological overall health employees, police and people today who have expert mental health and fitness troubles firsthand. But all the whilst, they’ve also been preparing for a different huge modify that is anticipated to ship a lot more phone calls into this technique: Commencing this Saturday, the Nationwide Suicide Avoidance Lifeline will now have its possess a few-digit selection, 988. As aspect of that change, most folks with a 603 place code who textual content or phone 988 will be routed to the state’s new Rapid Reaction Entry Stage.
Although New Hampshire is farther alongside than a lot of other states in building this new infrastructure for managing mental well being emergencies, it is even now a function in development. As with any complex technique of this sort, both the people today applying the service and people striving to make it do the job at the rear of the scenes have described some escalating pains due to the fact the new system to start with introduced: inconsistent response times, at times unhelpful interactions with dispatchers and much more. And the officers in cost of building this all perform accept they’re even now figuring it all out, and attempting to be receptive to these fears.
“You can each rejoice that we have a superior system than we did and say it is not very good adequate,” mentioned Jenny O’Higgins, who has been overseeing the rollout of these new systems with New Hampshire’s Division of Behavioral Wellbeing.
Rapid Reaction Obtain Point users report combined ordeals with the new system
When Joshua, whose very last title NHPR agreed not to share to shield his privateness, initial referred to as New Hampshire’s Fast Response Obtain Stage in February, he felt like he’d last but not least discovered a disaster service that worked for him. In the past, he reported a get in touch with to a further hotline resulted in a traumatizing interaction with community police. But in this situation, two mental wellbeing crisis staff showed up at his household in just about 15 minutes.
“I did not come to feel like they have been interrogating me,” Joshua mentioned. “It was just like a conversation about how I was executing.”
The state’s new psychological overall health hotline has aided to send mental health and fitness workers straight into the group for these forms of conversations much more than 2,800 instances involving January and May possibly, in accordance to info shared by state officials. In that very same time, the crisis line acquired in excess of 11,000 chats, texts and phone calls. All those quantities are expected to improve appreciably as the new 988 suicide avoidance line will become more extensively utilised.
But Joshua and other individuals explained there’s even now do the job to be completed to boost their ordeals when they talk to for assistance.
When Joshua referred to as the disaster line all over again a number of weeks back, he explained the dispatcher appeared fixated on his id alternatively than the material of the disaster that prompted him to contact for help. To Joshua, who is trans, it felt like the individual was seeking to “educate himself on what staying trans is.”
Later in the exact call, Joshua reported he told the dispatcher he was possessing urges to self-damage, to which the dispatcher replied that he’d never ever occur across a “man who cut himself.” Possibly on a much better working day, Joshua believed, the remarks would have been less difficult to brush off — but at the time, he was not in a great location.
“Being trans, that designed me experience like I was considerably less than a person,” Joshua claimed.
That kind of conversation, at a second of powerful vulnerability, ran counter to the stated targets of the assistance: to make people sense supported when they are in disaster. It also designed Joshua more nervous to simply call the hotline once more — but mainly because his very first practical experience was so optimistic, he mentioned he would nevertheless take into account it.
A consultant for Beacon Health and fitness Providers, the business that runs New Hampshire’s virtual simply call centre for its mental wellbeing hotline, said they choose equity and training very seriously.
“We would hardly ever want anyone to have that kind of practical experience,” Wendy Martinez-Farmer explained, when questioned about Joshua’s contact, introducing that the business would want to look into what went mistaken.
Joshua’s not the only 1 who’s had less-than-encouraging interactions with the state’s new system.
Rebecca Bennett, of Harmony, stated she named the Fast Reaction Obtain Level when her son expressed threats of violence and suicidal ideation. She remembers becoming instructed a cell crisis workforce would be deployed, but no one particular at any time confirmed up.
Nonetheless, others have had extra optimistic experiences. A different female, who questioned NHPR not to share her identify publicly, explained she and her daughter have referred to as the line just about two dozen occasions and have gained a must have guidance both in excess of the phone and in particular person. She credited the Immediate Reaction Accessibility Point with aiding her daughter to settle for substance misuse treatment method and enroll in condition health and fitness insurance plan.
O’Higgins, the state formal overseeing the implementation of this new program, said she welcomes this type of actual-entire world feed-back and mentioned individuals can electronic mail her group directly at [email protected].
“I you should not consider any one can construct this with out those people voices,” O’Higgins claimed.
N.H.’s mental well being disaster response is setting up to go away from legislation enforcement
This shift in how New Hampshire handles crisis calls for psychological wellbeing help has also necessary nearby police to modify their solution.
Traditionally, police have played a purpose in a wide range of incidents that phone for psychological overall health aid: no matter whether someone in crisis might phone 911 to inquire for assist, or no matter whether law enforcement are known as in for other conditions, like those involving domestic violence or overdoses, exactly where the get-togethers included will need psychological wellness support.
But whether outside the house mental overall health companies are identified as in to aid with these incidents is dependent on plenty of diverse things — and heaps of judgment phone calls from dispatchers and regulation enforcement. For example, if dispatchers consider a 911 connect with requires a problem which is possible to flip violent, or anyone associated has entry to weapons, they might steer the simply call towards police rather of a mental overall health team. Diverse law enforcement departments also have distinct procedures on when to convey in psychological health guidance.
“It will be an evolution,” reported Mark Doyle, who has been doing work on this changeover with the state Section of Security for more than a 12 months.
At the identical time, Doyle and others doing work on this transition said they are also attempting to get over skepticism from some regulation enforcement officers who may possibly not but believe in this fledgling mental health unexpected emergency procedure to take care of calls that have extensive been their duty.
Sgt. Emmett Macken, of the Manchester Law enforcement Department, can relate to that sensation. His department started out making an attempt to operate far more closely with regional psychological health and fitness industry experts five a long time ago, very long ahead of the statewide changeover commenced.
“I needed no portion of this at the outset,” he claimed.
Patricia Carty, CEO of the Mental Well being Middle of Increased Manchester, said constructing belief in between her personnel and nearby regulation enforcement took time. The very first evening the city tried using out this new partnership, she recalled, law enforcement officers and mental health and fitness workers did not sit in the identical room with each other.
“It was the most not comfortable 6 hours,” Carty explained.
But as time went on, Macken and Carty mentioned their groups arrived to appreciate how this partnership has enhanced community trust and aided Manchester residents get linked with the means they have to have.
As Macken and point out officials try out to motivate law enforcement departments throughout New Hampshire to adopt a equivalent mentality, they’ve heard from some officers who uncovered the new technique inefficient. In some situations, officials mentioned law enforcement described obtaining caught on the telephone answering what, to them, felt like an unnecessarily prolonged checklist of concerns from the dispatcher on the other facet, who was hoping to totally triage the situation.
Point out officials claimed they’re seeking to make confident this system is effective a lot more efficiently for absolutely everyone, such as legislation enforcement.
O’Higgins, with the New Hampshire Division of Behavioral Overall health, explained the condition has taken techniques to stay away from this type of redundancy. Now, she said, officers who phone the disaster line and discover as a initial responder can make an quick request for a cell disaster crew, rather than sitting by way of further questioning.
Elsewhere, Nashua Police Office Lt. Charles MacGregor reported his officers have also run into other worries with the new system. In some circumstances, he claimed, they’ve assured men and women in crisis that mental overall health employees were on their way, only to learn that the team was not essentially offered because of to staffing shortages or other limitations.
MacGregor understands these hurdles really don’t have a uncomplicated solution. But he’s advocated for far better conversation so officers in the subject are mindful of what sources are and aren’t readily available.
“It’s receiving better,” he said.
O’Higgins explained state officials understand this system has not been beautifully clean for law enforcement, but she hopes these early challenges won’t dissuade complete departments from creating use of the Swift Reaction Obtain Stage.
“When something isn’t going to go as prepared, let’s take care of it alongside one another,” she stated, “But don’t never phone again.”
If you or somebody you know may well be wondering about suicide, get in touch with the Nationwide Suicide Avoidance Lifeline at 1-800-273-8255 (En Español: 1-888-628-9454 Deaf and Difficult of Hearing: 1-800-799-4889). Beginning July 16, you can also call the hotline by contacting or texting 988. You can also get mental health help by calling or texting New Hampshire’s Fast Response Obtain Point at 833-710-6477.
window.fbAsyncInit = purpose() FB.init(
appId : '179437634226009',
xfbml : accurate, variation : 'v2.9' )
(function(d, s, id) var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s) if (d.getElementById(id)) return js = d.createElement(s) js.id = id js.src = "https://hook up.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js" fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs) (document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk'))
|
<urn:uuid:eb2e9fce-314c-4452-852f-66e6bf963061>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://homedepot.my.id/n-h-is-changing-how-it-handles-mental-health-emergencies.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572163.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815085006-20220815115006-00674.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.958193
| 2,833
| 1.929688
| 2
|
I was asked recently to design and give a walking tour on spatial (in)justice in Dublin, as part of the Landscape, Law and Spatial Justice International Symposium 2022. It is a new(ish) walk for me. Normally I would cover the IFSC or areas north of the Liffey so it’s been interesting to develop a walk that speaks to the theme of the symposium, as well as my own research interests, while basing it on a pathway that starts at St. Stephen’s Green and ends at the Cobblestone in Smithfield. Anyway, this is what I’ve come up with, and this post is really to help me remember the details (you can’t really read from a script on a walking tour it’s all memory I’m afraid!) and also for me to work out, through writing, the points I want to make. That’s the thing about writing: it’s as much about finding out what you think about things as explaining those thoughts to someone else.
1. St. Stephen’s Green
Given the times we are living in, it seems appropriate to start the tour with Aercap house, the international headquarters of Aercap – the “World’s largest owner of commercial aircraft” with “$75 billion of assets including approximately 2,000 aircraft, over 900 engines and over 300 helicopters, and an order book of more than 400 of the most fuel efficient, new technology aircraft in the world.”
Aercap has been in the news recently due to the war in Ukraine. The company had 135 aircraft and 14 engines on lease to Russian airlines at the time of the Russian invasion in February 2022. It was able to repossess 22 aircraft and three engines but has now lodged insurance claims totalling $3.5 billion due to the seizure of the remaining aircraft and engines by the Russian authorities.
Aside from being topical, the building also serves to highlight one of the more ‘interesting’ aspects of Ireland’s GDP – the part that Paul Krugman labelled ‘leprechaun economics’ in a tweet on 12 July 2016.
The hue and cry after Krugman’s intervention led to the CSO inventing a modified form of GDP it called GNI*. The calculation is not recognised outside of Ireland where GDP is still used to measure the Irish economy, but it does highlight the distorted effect companies like AerCap have on Ireland’s headline ‘growth’ figures – especially when those figures were used by successive government to ‘prove’ that austerity works. It didn’t, and doesn’t, the growth is a phantom, an accounting trick for tax avoidance.
The presence of Aercap and the law firm Kennedy Wilson allows me to delve more deeply into this story, this aspect of the Irish state and the social and class relations that surround these operations.
It also sets up the overall theme of the walk – which is, how did we end up with these social and class relationships, along with the idea of tax avoidance as a core industrial strategy, and how are these ideas and frameworks able to reproduce themselves despite the social dis-cohesion they wrought upon society. These are teased out more in stops three to six, with stops one to three setting up the relationships and ideology.
2. Cuffe Lane / mercer house / cuffe st flats
In the Dublin Civic Survey Report published in 1945, the city architect Horace T. O’Rourke wrote:
The impartial investigator of the Dublin housing problem must be forced to the conclusion that had the municipal area extended periodically in accordance with natural expansion, especially southwards, the expenditure [of town planning] would have been more equitably distributed, and the difficulty of finding suitable sites lessened.Dublin Civic Survey Report, p.67
The quote is interesting as it alludes to one of the structural issues that faced Dublin at the time – namely the tax flight to the suburbs. This had been commented upon as early as the 1880s by Charles Cameron in relation to the hygiene of the city: the hollowing-out of the tax base by the practice of potential rate-payers living outside the city boundaries but commuting by tram to work in the city each day.
Which brings us to the corner of Cuffe Lane and Cuffe St and the three examples of public and social/affordable housing in the area.
Mercer House consists of two blocks built over an eight-year period from 1926 to 1934. They were commissioned by Dublin Corporation and designed by its team of architects, with the first phase (1926-1930) led by Horace T. O’Rourke. The second phase (1932-24) was built under the supervision of the first dedicated city architect, Herbert Simms, who retained much of the original character and materials which were derived from the Arts and Crafts architectural tradition. (The walk will pass by one of Simms’ projects later on – Chancery Place flats beside the Four Courts – which broke with that tradition in favour of new ideas coming out of Amsterdam at the time.)
Despite their outward elegance, Mercer House flats are currently in a significant state of disrepair and are in desperate need of upgrading.
Cuffe Lane cottages (although two-storey buildings, the houses were referred to as ‘cottages’ to distinguish them from flats at the time) offer an insight into the private operators who were building what we refer to today as ‘social and affordable housing’.
They were constructed by The Association for the Housing of the Very Poor and Industrial Workers Ltd, a private for-profit company that was set up in the late 1890s. On 8 May 1930 it held a meeting at Trinity Chambers, Dame Street with the Reverend David H. Hall presiding. It announced a profit of £1,861 and a dividend of 3% ‘free of tax, for the year ended December 21, 1920’. The company also said that,
‘In addition to the houses already erected thirteen more cottages would soon be erected in Cuffe Lane as a result of the kind assistance given by Messrs Jacob and the helpful attitude of the Commissioners in the way of sites. The Corporation was willing to give sites elsewhere also.’
The land it seems was given either for free or at a reduced rate by the Corporation, and Jacobs made a donation towards construction. It appears from the sale of one of the houses in 1991 that they were used by workers in Jacobs. The 1991 ad says that it was built by Jacobs, but this isn’t the case. They certainty invested in the houses, and probably allocated them to their workers, but it is also likely that the Association collected rent and paid out dividends on the back of it.
The point of this stop on the walking tour is to highlight the ‘social housing’ model at play in Dublin from the 1880s onwards where housing was built and rented for profit and a reutrn of 3% for investors. The Dublin Artizans Dwellings company paid out 5% dividend.
Housing Reits in Ireland today currently pay out an average of 3.75% on investment.
Cuffe Street flats were built in 1963 and designed by the team led by Dublin city architect Niall Montgomery. As with Mercer House they are in need of significant investment.
3. Jacob’s Site, bishop st/aungier st
The purpose of the Jacob’s stop is not only with the houses on Cuffe Lane. It also offers an opportunity to bring up the capitalist/comprador nature of the Irish state. Jacob’s was one of the most militant employers during the 1913 Lockout and in the 1920s the company threatened to pull out of Ireland if tariffs were imposed in any fashion.
The stop allows me to set the scene for the core theoretical framework I have for understanding the Irish state and the way it has treated the housing issue since 2008. It helps to set up the talk at the next stop.
4. Ship St / Dublin Castle
It is at this stage that the tour starts to move into the ideology of the Irish state – how it thinks, how it makes sense of the world and its place within it.
5. Mary’s Abbey
Crossing over the river we encounter the original site of the Bank of Ireland, which opened up on 25 June 1783 at a now vacant site on Mary’s Abbey. This stop allows me to talk about the role of finance within Irish capitalism – in particular, comprador finance and its current manifestation in the IFSC.
The presence of The Complex art studio and venue allows me to introduce the last part of the walk, which is to bring it down to municipal level and how the city itself is a city of capital flows facilitated by the City Council executive and administration – a point that will be fleshed out at the final stop at Smithfield.
Here my part of the walk ends – at the corner of Smithfield Square. I’ll be using the story of Haymarket House and its owners, the Linders Group, to explore the way that space is used in Dublin today, tying together the various strands raised on the walk, before handing over to Prof. Amy Strecker for the story of the campaign to save the Cobblestone.
|
<urn:uuid:4dcaca94-8034-4dda-bdd6-8efae0a9ac05>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://conor-mccabe.com/2022/05/12/a-walking-tour-of-dublin-from-st-stephens-green-to-the-cobblestone/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.970212
| 1,954
| 1.515625
| 2
|
Backyard Pond Supplies
If you are constructing your own pond for the first time, then there are some essentials that you will need. After constructing, buying or digging the “pool” area you will have to focus on pond supplies for the water. Your basic goal in shopping for backyard pond products is to keep the water clean.
First of all, you need a pond aerator. This oxygenizes the pond in order for the living things in it and all around it to stay healthy. Small ponds can get by with just a fountain, but larger or deeper ponds may require an air diffuser. The objective here is to dissipate oxygen.
Next on your list of backyard ponds is that of a pond filter. A backyard pond naturally attracts algae which stink up the pond and give it an ugly greenish look. This happens because the algae is being fed by too many nutrients in the stale water. Therefore, you need to get rid of the algae and prevent it from developing. The total water volume of your backyard pond should ideally be filtered every two hours. When buying a filter make sure that it is large enough for the pond you have. The more fish and plant life you have in the pond, the more the filter has to do. Instead of waiting for algae to accumulate in backyard ponds, homeowners should try adding beneficial bacteria which breaks down organic matter.
Other pond supplies to take note of include a skimmer (which helps the filter and reduces the workload), as well as a backyard ponds pump. The pump keeps the water circulating, therefore protecting you from the threat of stale water. Pond supplies might also include UV sterilizer and fertilizer.
You can find backyard ponds and supplies online for a discount from suggested retail price.
Outdoor Pond Filter
The basic thought behind an outdoor pond filter is that you want to keep your pond water clean. This is true in a general sense; however the belief that filters work by simply removing dirt is not entirely accurate. How do outdoor ponds work? The outdoor pond filters objective is to act as a small sewer system for the pond. Inside the pond filters, surface area is set up which becomes home to millions of beneficial bacteria.
Therefore, whenever waste goes through the outdoor pond filter, the bacteria is helping to break down these various toxins along with other waste material which gets “caught” in the filter. This is the basic function of the outdoor pond filter, but there are more advanced pump systems that do attempt to strain out more solid material from the pond water. The main point is that pond filters have to break down the “invisible” waste.
When shopping for pond filters it’s important to buy a product that can easily handle your volume of water, whether you have a dug pond or pool. The process involves outdoor pond bacteria breaking down ammonia, which is released by dead or decaying matter inside the water. The ammonia is broken down into nitrite, and then more beneficial bacteria breaks down nitrite into nitrate. Nitrate can be absorbed by plants.
In case you’re wondering, you don’t need a pond filter in every situation. If you are not planning to host life inside the pond (like fish) or if you want to create a natural balance system within your pond, then pond filter might not be needed.
Outdoor ponds do require clean and flowing water for maximum health. You can buy supplies for outdoor ponds online or in retail stores.
Garden Pond Pump
A garden pond pump is a device that constantly runs, as it is circulating oxygen throughout the pool or pond you have dug. In order for any aquatic life to exist inside garden ponds the oxygen must be circulated. The oxygen will be dissolved into the water and dissipated for the bacteria that wait inside the garden pond filter. The filter is a necessity if you want to keep fish living inside your pond.
In order for these nutrients to be dissipated by the garden pond filter, the pump must run constantly-twenty four hours a day and 365 days a year. If you turn the pump off then the bacteria will die and the entire filtration process will come to a stop. If you allow oxygen and other nutrients to fill the pond water naturally, then most of your fish life will die.
When choosing a pond pump, you have to make sure that the pump you buy is powerful enough to move your entire volume within a short period of time. In general, pond pumps should not be bought “cheap”. You should also be careful about buying pond pumps from third party brands which don’t have a reliable name or history. Along with the pond pump, you may have to buy pipes, fittings and other garden ponds supplies.
Pond pumps are rated by how much water they can move in a given time. Products carry a GPH rating, which represents Gallons-Per-Hour. This refers to how much water the pump can circulate in one hour over a height of one foot.
This is one of the most important garden ponds products to buy. Fortunately, you can buy a pond pump online and according to whatever GPH you need.
|
<urn:uuid:b3d8a18f-6679-4ae6-90fe-187ff80a13bb>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://www.ericsp.org/backyard-pond
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279189.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00058-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.950731
| 1,051
| 2.109375
| 2
|
168 Upper Street by London studio Groupwork will be the focus of the final Dezeen x Knauf Architecture Project Talk, which takes place at 1:00pm London time on Friday 2 July. Register now to watch the webinar.
Groupwork founder Amin Taha and project architect Jason Coe will present on the digital methods they used to reinterpret a nineteenth-century building that was bombed in the second world war.
The four-storey building houses three apartments and a showroom for Aria, the contemporary furniture and design company that commissioned the project.
Groupwork developed a virtual model of the lost building by studying photographs and carrying out a laser survey of a mirroring building at the other end of the parade.
The architecture studio intentionally avoided creating an identical copy of the original building, as a comment on the fallibility of human memory.
Instead, Groupwork distorted the virtual replica by adding deliberate and accidental alterations to the digital file, resulting in missing architectural details.
This digital model was then used to create an expanded-polystyrene cast, into which the coloured concrete was poured to form the building’s load-bearing shell.
Inside, the exposed concrete walls feature wallpaper imprints, while the floors and internal partitions are made of cross-laminated timber.
Windows are determined by internal use and are punched through to the building’s facade, resulting in mismatched openings that do not align with the details on the building’s exterior.
Taha is the founder of Groupwork, an architecture studio formerly known as Amin Taha Architects, which he set up in 2003.
He also sits on the RIBA National and International Awards committee and advises pension funds on sustainable investment.
Coe joined Groupwork in 2010 and has been involved in a number of projects including the refurbishment of 115 Golden Lane, a mid-nineteenth century converted warehouse that won an RIBA National Award.
As project architect for 168 Upper Street, Coe was the driving force behind the project’s exploration of innovative construction processes.
Architecture Project Talk: 168 Upper Street takes place at 1:00pm London time on Friday 2 July 2021. Register for free to watch the talk.
Architecture Project Talks
Architecture Project Talks is a series of live CPD webinars in which leading architects deliver an in-depth lecture about one of their key buildings.
Architecture Project Talks is a partnership with Knauf, the world’s largest manufacturer of gypsum-based construction materials.
Knauf’s latest BBA certified ThroughWall system aims to provide a full interior-to-exterior fire-rated system from one source. Sign up to Knauf’s mailing list via the webinar registration page to hear more.
Read more about Dezeen partnership content here.
The post Register for our Architecture Project Talk about 168 Upper Street by Groupwork appeared first on Dezeen.
|
<urn:uuid:2d8541bc-c58f-4d88-93a8-b45f62710496>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://www.caddownloadweb.com/register-for-our-architecture-project-talk-about-168-upper-street-by-groupwork/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00067.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.937022
| 611
| 1.515625
| 2
|
The question is below. Please include where you find the resource to answer this question. Thanks.
As the gate length of MOSFET transistor shrinks to nanometer
scale, the operation of MOSFET is limited by fundamental physical process. One of the
most severe limitation is the inability to reach complete cut-off mode for nanometer
MOSFET, i.e., drain current wouldn't go to zero even when VGS< Vt . A new type of
MOSFET device, called FINFET (as if the device is fabricated on the fin of a fish) is
invented at Berkeley several years ago. The device holds high promise to become next generation
nanometer MOSFET structure. The device is also under intense R&D at TSMC, world's largest wafer foundry in Taiwan.
Explain in detail on the fabrication process of the FINFET. You must show a 3-dimensional view of FINFET and label the its L and W, the length and width of the
Please view the attached pdf file for the fabrication process and other details.
Solution with all explanations and mathematical steps.
|
<urn:uuid:680da49e-4f68-4cb7-a159-5bd92b98ad5f>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
https://brainmass.com/engineering/electronic-engineering/working-with-a-finfet-20879
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280364.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00027-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.921379
| 243
| 3.28125
| 3
|
The Lone Star State's two biggest university systems are joining hands with the world-renowned M.D. Anderson Cancer Center to help design and staff a sprawling new cancer R&D complex.
Texas A&M and the University of Texas, intense rivals on the football field, will be working together to help build the National Center for Therapeutic Manufacturing, which is under construction at the A&M campus in College Station. The new, 153,000-square-foot center is intended to help speed development of new oncology therapeutics.
"M.D. Anderson and the NCTM are and will be the standard-setters in their research areas," said A&M Chancellor Michael McKinney, M.D. "Combining the capabilities of these two institutions will radically advance the search for a cancer solution in this generation."
The new center, which should open at the end of next year, is the jewel in the crown of the Texas Emerging Technology Fund, a state-backed effort aimed at spurring new cancer research. The Legislature allocated $200 million for the fund.
|
<urn:uuid:3384e32e-a04d-4efc-91e4-eb1af2e09241>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://www.fiercebiotech.com/biotech/state-universities-help-build-new-cancer-r-d-complex-texas
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280761.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00095-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.922578
| 223
| 1.789063
| 2
|
Positioning to S.C.O.R.E in Unpredictable Moments - Self-Care - James Rosseau
Part 1 of a 5 part series
Leaders often use knowledge, skills, and experiences at a level of unconscious competence to deliver results. During times of uncertainty, high risk, and diminished control, leaders are forced to kick into action. In such moments, combining developed instincts with an intentional approach is crucial to improve the probability of positive outcomes.
James Rosseau, a solutions-oriented, purpose-driven steward, recently authored a playbook for leaders titled Positioning to S.C.O.R.E. in Unpredictable Moments. This guide for leaders consists of five sequential essentials to help managers prepare for certain situations. James is innately a change agent for human potential, and his natural communication skills allow him to empower others to be and do their best. Through this playbook, James has used his own personal and professional experiences to formulate replicable techniques and mechanisms that can be used by other leaders.
In an interview, James explained why he chose to write this playbook, who the target audience is, and what it means to him. After interviewing James about his guidebook for leaders, we were interested in each one of the five underlying steps that he spoke of. To dive deeper into each one, we decided to publish a series of five stories. Here is a sneak peek into the first step in his guidebook.
The ‘S’ in S.C.O.R.E
“In case of an emergency, a mask will drop from a container in the airplane ceiling. The mask, which looks like a yellow plastic cup, fits over your nose and mouth. An elastic strap goes around the back of your head, and the ends can be tugged to tighten the fit. Pull on the hose gently to begin the flow of oxygen.
Put your mask on first before trying to assist others.
“Put your mask on first?” Initially, it feels counter-intuitive, regardless of your role, when at our best, we believe we should be selfless. However, let’s digest this from the perspective of a leader.
First and foremost, in principle, it is an act of self-care and selflessness. It is about sustaining your life by accessing oxygen. By doing so, you allow yourself to be of service to others for an extended period of time. But you also allow the flight attendants to direct their attention to others who are unable to care for themselves. Should you miss that step and direct your attention to saving others, you are well-intentioned, but are essentially seen as a liability and seen by the flight crew as a “passenger in need of care.” This principle fully applies when leading through times of uncertainty. Initially, your gut will call you into action. To be clear, it will call you into almost non-stop action. However, it is not sustainable. Absent self-care, physically, mentally, and emotionally, over time, you will not be in a position to effectively be of service.
Second is the need for what we might call “exampleship.” People gravitate towards emulating great examples more than following hollow instructions. Self-care becomes increasingly important in sustained periods of uncertainty. As you find yourself compassionately coaching and coaxing others to care for themselves, nothing is more compelling than walking the talk, transparently sharing your very own example of what you are doing for self-care, underscoring the importance for everyone to “refuel their tanks.”
Thirdly, prolonged periods of self-care neglect can lead to chronic stress. It is safe to say that in a state of chronic stress, one is less than effective in leading. Charles Stone writes that chronic stress affects leaders in five key ways: it amplifies fear and anxiety, it gives you a ‘shorter fuse’, it impairs good decision making, it diminishes memory and it decreases motivation.
4 things to continue or start doing:
- Get an adequate amount of sleep
- Eat healthily
- Participate in some form of exercise
- Engage in hobbies
2 things to stop doing:
- Don’t check your mail first thing in the morning
- Stop back-to-back meetings all day with no mental breaks
Read the interview with James below, and stay tuned for part 2 of the series.
Positioning to S.C.O.R.E in Unpredictable Moments - in Conversation with James Rosseau
Leaders often use knowledge, skills, and experiences at a level of unconscious competence to deliver results. During…
James Rosseau Sr., NACD.DC - Chief Executive Officer - The Corelink Solution | LinkedIn
View James Rosseau Sr., NACD.DC'S profile on LinkedIn, the world's largest professional community. James has 9 jobs…
|
<urn:uuid:eb60c2f4-465f-422d-b12e-ee2826e913e8>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://impactmagazine.medium.com/positioning-to-s-c-o-r-e-in-unpredictable-moments-in-conversation-with-james-rosseau-b5c66b699284?source=read_next_recirc---------3---------------------a1e6e6d0_5fee_4037_ab4d_1f990aebedd0-------
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.952318
| 1,046
| 1.789063
| 2
|
Is it permissible to use pepper spray or cs gas as defensive material?
In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
As-salāmu ‘alaykum wa-rahmatullāhi wa-barakātuh.
Defending oneself is a human right. One should adopt all lawful means to protect oneself.
In the unfortunate event of being attacked, assaulted or confronted, it is permissible to defend oneself. However, one must only use legal defensive techniques.
If the possession and usage of pepper spray and CS gas is permissible in the law of the country you reside in, it will be permissible to use as a defensive mechanism.
And Allah Ta’ālā Knows Best
Mufti Faraz al-Mahmudi,
|
<urn:uuid:41d6ab0d-2363-4b03-ad63-fd74db7b82b5>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://darulfiqh.com/is-it-permissible-to-use-pepper-spray-or-cs-gas/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283301.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00512-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.870753
| 166
| 1.609375
| 2
|
There are some superbly decorated interiors, particularly the Raphael Hall and the Titian Hall.
The main architect of the project was Jean-Baptiste Wallin de la Mothe, who was invited from France to become the first professor of architecture at the Academy. De la Mothe and the two Russians artists Felten and Kokorinov became the first professors to teach at the Academy.
Two Egyptian sphinxes dating from the reign of Amenhotep III (about 3,500 years ago) are considered one of the best examples of the ancient Egyptian colossal sculpture stored outside of Egypt. Once they stood on the Avenue of the Sphinxes in front of the tomb of Pharaoh Amenhotep III.
They were bought in France in 1832, on behalf of the Russian emperor and sent to St. Petersburg. A granite quay became their permanent home and they are among the most famous statues in St. Petersburg.
Yesterday was my birthday, lilies on my table:
|
<urn:uuid:3cca4d8e-f32c-4fb2-8998-010509a63217>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://northern-garden.blogspot.com/2020/01/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00667.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.964365
| 201
| 1.773438
| 2
|
19 June – Join the InSPIRES webinar: Impact Evaluation of Science Shops
Tuesday, 19th of June at 11 am: InSPIRES webinar dedicated to Impact Evaluation of Science Shops with David Rojas, researcher specialized in Health Impact Assessment, Risk Assessment and Burden of Disease at the Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGobal).
The InSPIRES EU project is delighted to welcome you to join the Webinar on Impact Evaluation of Science Shops on the 19th of June at 11h (CEST time).
Within the framework of Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) and Open Science and Innovation, Science Shops (SS) are evolving towards a higher collaboration between researchers and different stakeholders through inclusive and participatory methodologies during the different phases of the R&I process (i.e. during the research agenda setting, design and execution of projects, implementation, evaluation and dissemination). However, the impact evaluation methodologies have been not systematically implemented and harmonized between SS yet.
The InSPIRES project is exploring how SS can act as an interface for RRI implementation and is also developing, validating and integrating a new impact evaluation methodology for SS. In this webinar, the researcher reponsible for the impact evaluation of INSPIRES David Rojas, who is specialized in Health Impact Assessment, Risk Assessment and Burden of Disease at Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), will share with us an overview of the impact evaluation methods, the available tools and the future of impact evaluation for SS.”
We invite you to join this Inspires webinar and to participate in an interactive discussion. If you are interested, please send an email to email@example.com and you will receive access to the online platform to join the webinar.
We also invite you to share your local best practices&ideas on Science Shops in a digital ideation challenge with the help of Be-novative software. Register and catch up with all the info on the Transformative Potential of Science Shops page or share your ideas right now!
|
<urn:uuid:ae5bd2eb-152b-4323-a024-be4073625a6b>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://inspiresproject.com/isgnews/19-june-join-the-inspires-webinar-impact-evaluation-of-science-shops/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00478.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.885867
| 438
| 1.804688
| 2
|
Salt can be used to soften hard water.
Hard water is known to leave gray, dirty stains on bright, shiny clothes and fabrics. Washing clothes in hard water can leave whites and light colors with an overall grayish cast; clothes can get dirty even after repeated washing. Treating the water to soften it before washing clothes is the best way to eliminate the problem. A whole-house water conditioner is a possibility, but the water for each individual load can be treated with common household water softeners such as salt or baking soda. Choosing the right laundry detergent can also help eliminate problems caused by hard water.
Softening hard water before cleaning clothes is an effective way to avoid the problems associated with washing with hard water.
Minerals in hard water vary depending on geography. The best way to tell if hard water is a problem is to look at white, light clothing. Items that have been washed in hard water and left in the washing machine often show signs of rust, usually in the form of small dots in the form of machine drain holes. An overall dull and gray appearance is another sign of washing clothes with hard water. Repeated washing will not eliminate gray discoloration unless the water is first softened.
Clothes left in the washing machine using hard water often develop rust-like stains.
Conditioning or softening the water that enters the home is the most convenient way to eliminate the problems caused by washing clothes with hard water. Installing a water softening system should improve the quality of water used for drinking, bathing and washing, but it can be expensive. Adding a water conditioner to the washing machine before putting on the clothes will soften the water enough to improve the result without a big investment. The water softener or conditioner is sold in the laundry section of home improvement stores and department stores. Alternatively, table salt or baking soda can be used to soften the water instead of a conditioning formula.
Soap-based and hand-made detergents are not recommended for washing clothes in hard water.
Once the water has been conditioned, choosing the right detergent will help eliminate hard water damage. A real detergent is the best choice; Handcrafted and soap-based soaps may not produce the best results. Washing clothes at the temperature recommended by the detergent manufacturer also improves the result. In many cases, washing clothes in hard water requires using the hottest setting possible to fully dissolve the detergent and clean the clothes.
|
<urn:uuid:696922b5-3ee3-4045-9d96-5662f201e914>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://expertstance.com/what-are-the-best-tips-for-washing-clothes-with-hard-water/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573193.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818094131-20220818124131-00478.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.940139
| 501
| 2.28125
| 2
|
Convex dose dependence of gene expression is supposed to be an interaction of multiple drug doses although it can be also observed by single drug treatment. Proposed methods can distinguish those that multiple drug treatments cause from those caused by single dose treatment. It is very effective to identify genes targeted by drug treatments.
Monotonic dose dependence is often regarded as evidence that the drug is effective. It is supposed to be used as a criterion to seek genes whose expression is specifically affected. On the other hand, multiple dose treatment can cause more complicated dose dependence, e.g., convex. Excluding genes that exhibit non-monotonic (convex) dose dependence might be reasonable. Is it reasonable to seek genes that exhibit monotonic dose dependence with multiple drug treatments? The answer seems to be No.
Seeking an effective drug is always a complex problem. Starting from millions compounds, one can try to seek effective drugs to be useful for diseases. Even if some drug candidate compounds seemingly effective to a target disease were identified, we had better to be careful about. Then, it is often required that the observed effect is associated with dose dependence. Dose dependence means that the effects observed must be a function of dose. More amount of drug is used, the more the effect should be. Then the effect is often saturated as the amount of drugs exceeds some threshold values. This kind of behavior is regarded as evidence that the drug identified is really effective to the target disease.
Due to the recent development of high throughput technology of sequencing, it came possible to measure gene expression profiles for the various dose dependence. Then, it is natural to identify genes affected by drug treatment with checking expression of which genes exhibit dose dependence. However, since there are as many as a few tens thousands genes, accidental dose dependence that can occur with a probability as small as 0.0001 can happen. This makes it difficult to decide which genes are really affected by drug treatments.
If the multiple drugs were used, the situation is more complicated, since interaction between multiple doses might result in non-monotonic dose dependence (e.g. convex). Thus the question is, if we observe convex dose dependence of gene expression when multiple drugs were used, what it means. Is it an evidence of interaction of multiple drugs? Lukačišinand Bollenbach1 carefully investigated gene expression profiles under the multiple drug treatments and found that convex dose dependence universally appears independent of the combination of drugs. Thus, their answer is Yes; convex dose dependence can be caused by multiple drug treatments.
However, Taguchi and Turki2 have recently reanalysed their massive observations and concluded that the answer is always no. Taguchi has developed the method called tensor (TD) based unsupervised feature extraction (FE)3 that enables us to select a small number of genes within a huge number of genes even when a limited number of observations are available. Usually, the number of doses is at most a few tens whereas the number of genes is a few tens thousands as denoted in the above. TD based unsupervised FE also can allow us to select genes that exhibit ANY kinds of dose dependence in gene expression when drugs are treated. Taguchi and Turki analysed gene expression of various combinations of drug treatment, not one by one but in an integrated manner using TD based unsupervised FE. Then they found that convex dependence is observed in multiple drug treatment as expected. Thus, apparently, Lukačišin and Bollenbach are seemingly right. But the story did not end at this point.
When Taguchi and Turki applied Principal Component Analysis (PCA) based unsupervised FE, which is variant of TD based unsupervised FE and is suitable to analyse gene expression not in an integrated manner one by one, to gene expression of genes to which single drug was treated, they also found convex dose dependence as well. This suggested that convex dose is not always the evidence of interaction between multiple doses. Thus people need to distinguish convex dose dependence caused by single drug treatment from that caused by multiple drug treatment. Otherwise, genes that exhibit convex dose dependence might be wrongly identified as those affected by complicated interaction between multiple drugs. At first, genes must be evaluated if they exhibit convex dose dependence upon single drug treatment. And only when they are not, genes are investigated if it exhibits convex dose dependence under the multiple drug treatment.
Although the history of drug discovery and dose dependency investigation are old, it is very recent that they are combined with the recently developed high throughput technology that can measure expression of a few tens thousands genes. At the moment, our knowledge about how gene expression of individual genes is affected by drug treatment is limited. However, it is a very important topic since drug discovery is a time consuming and expensive procedure. Many computer aided methods that can shorten the period and reduce the amount of money required were developed, none of them was fully successful. Usage of gene expression for drug discovery might open a new gate through which we can make breakthroughs through the difficulty of drug discovery. In order to overcome these difficulties, there are no shortcuts. We have to accumulate basic knowledge about the dose dependence of gene expression.
|
<urn:uuid:46f21bb3-42eb-417c-bd4f-ea2437807e6b>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://pharmafocusasia.com/articles/is-convex-dose-dependence-a-side-effect-that-multiple-drug-treatment-causes
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570741.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808001418-20220808031418-00079.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.964852
| 1,061
| 2.53125
| 3
|
Molybdenum though its name may be one of the more difficult to pronounce, is not generally well known. However, this mineral's importance has been discovered in recent years. Molybdenum is now considered one of our essential trace minerals. It has been found to be essential in most mammals, as well as in all plants. We obtain it primarily from foods, but since it is often scarce in the earth's crust and therefore deficient in many soils, molybdenum deficiency can be a problem. In fact, it was recently discovered that molybdenum deficiency in the soil in an area of China was responsible for the highest known incidence of esophageal carcinoma over many generations.
In nature, molybdenum is found as part of other metal complexes. In the soil, it serves as a catalyst to the nitrogen-fixing process; thus, decreased soil molybdenum can lead to deficient plant growth.
The body contains minute amounts, about 9 mg., of molybdenum. It is found mainly in the liver, kidneys, adrenal glands, bones, and skin, but it is present in all tissues. It is important to several enzyme systems, most significantly that of xanthine oxidase, which supports many functions, including uric acid metabolism and mobilization of iron from the liver for body use. Molybdenum is fairly easily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, though it competes with copper at absorption sites. It is eliminated through the urine and the bile.
As with chromium, depletions or deficiencies of molybdenum are common, and its availability in foods is decreased through soil depletion and food technology. This mineral has come to the nutritional forefront in the last decade with the recognition of its essential nature and the concern about deficiency.
Sources: The food levels of molybdenum depend largely on soil content. The amount in food may be increased a hundredfold with molybdenum-rich soil; in certain areas, hard water may contain some molybdenum. Soft water and refined foods contain hardly any. Whole grains, particularly the germ, usually have substantial amounts; oats, buckwheat, and wheat germ are some examples of grains containing molybdenum. Many vegetables and legumes are also good sources; these include lima beans, green beans, lentils, potatoes, spinach and other dark leafy greens, cauliflower, peas, and soybeans. Brewer's yeast also has some, and liver and organ meats are often fairly high in molybdenum.
Functions: Molybdenum is a vital part of three important enzyme systems—xanthine oxidase, aldehyde oxidase, and sulfite oxidase—and so has a vital role in uric acid formation and iron utilization, in carbohydrate metabolism, and sulfite detoxification as well. In the soil and possibly in the body, as the enzyme nitrate reductase, molybdenum can reduce the production or counteract the actions of nitrosamines, known cancer-causing chemicals, especially in the colon. Found more in molybdenum-deficient soils, nitrosamines have been associated with high rates of esophageal cancer.
Xanthine oxidase (XO) helps in the production of uric acid, an end product of protein (purine) metabolism. Though an excess of uric acid is known to cause gout, recent studies show that, in proper concentrations in the blood, it has antioxidant properties and helps protect the cells and tissues from irritation and damage caused by singlet oxygens and hydroxyl free radicals. This protection may prevent tissue wear and aging, in addition to other free-radical diseases discussed throughout this book. Thus, uric acid has a new image as being an important part of balanced human function and not just a waste product.
With its different effects, uric acid is somewhat like cholesterol in its biochemistry. As with cholesterol, it is both made in the body and obtained through the diet; some people are genetically inclined to elevated levels; and, whereas the right amount is essential to important functions, excesses can lead to problems (cholesterol appears to be much more of a concern on this count than uric acid). Xanthine oxidase may also help in the mobilization of iron from liver reserves.
Aldehyde oxidase helps in the oxidation of carbohydrates and other aldehydes, including acetaldehyde produced from ethyl alcohol. Sulfite oxidase helps to detoxify sulfurs in the body, particularly sulfites, which are used to preserve food. These potentially toxic and harmful substances can cause nausea or diarrhea and precipitate asthma attacks in sensitive individuals. The "salad bar" syndrome is caused by sulfite sprays used on vegetables to keep them "fresh" longer. It is possible that adequate tissue levels of molybdenum keep the sulfite oxidase activity levels high enough to counteract this chemical and reduce potential symptoms; molybdenum deficiency may be a factor in those people who are more sensitive to sulfites. Luckily, though, the use of sulfites in food preservation is being made illegal.
|
<urn:uuid:6275974b-a14d-4bf6-9808-0e57283bed49>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://www.healthy.net/Health/Article/Molybdenum/2076/1
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281151.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00115-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.96233
| 1,074
| 3.78125
| 4
|
UPDATED: Congressional Staffer Questions Pratt; OSD Document Says Damage to Engine Was “Significant”
This is a tale of at least two perspectives. Pratt & Whitney says it knows what failed on the F135 test engine and can fix it relatively painlessly. The company has identified a “worn bushing” as the likely cause of the recent test engine failure and can make changes to the engine “with little to no impact on cost or schedule,” a senior company official said.
“During a recent qualification test on an F135 CTOL engine, an incident occurred resulting in damage to the forward section of the engine. Pratt & Whitney conducted a thorough review and inspection of the engine,” the senior program official said.
The investigation found that a worn bushing is the “potential cause, which tells us this issue can be addressed with little or no impact on cost or schedule. Pratt & Whitney will immediately implement a minor modification to the fan section for all F135 initial service release (ISR) flight and production engines. This modification can be incorporated into an assembled engine without teardown,” the senior program official said.
But a congressional aide, told of Pratt’s comments, dismissed them, saying that the company was trying to make things look as good as possible to protect the company while funding for the engine programs is decided.
The aide noted that a Sept. 14 Pentagon fact sheet about the incident says that the engine damage was “significant.”
A Pratt spokesman said “we can argue about significant and whether it is or not.”
However, the congressional aide also noted that this is the third failure the F135 has experienced, adding that caution is warranted given that significant problems with the F100 engine that powers most F-15s and F-16s “didn’t really show themselves until two years after initial operational capability.”
The OSD document says that “an approximately 1 inch by 1.5 inch piece separated from a blade on Rotor 1 of the fan. At the time the separation occurred, High Cycle Fatigue sweep tests were being conducted, but high loads at this location on the fan blade were not expected.”
The OSD document said the engine would “undergo tear down and root cause analysis. This is a lengthy process that includes very detailed metallurgy and crack propagation analysis and will take several weeks.”
The Pratt spokesman said the company “will continue to do further metallurgical examination” but did not need to tear down the entire engine. The fixes to the blades are “imminent” and will be done as each engine comes down the line, the spokesman said.
No decision has yet been made about the failure’s impact on the test program, the OSD document says. The engines being used for current flight tests “uses an older design of this fan airfoil, and is not expected to exhibit a similar problem,” the OSD document adds.
|
<urn:uuid:18f2c73f-5495-4ccb-b7cd-f83cbc9506df>
|
CC-MAIN-2016-44
|
http://www.dodbuzz.com/2009/09/18/pratts-f135-needs-minor-fix/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719273.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00066-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.958337
| 630
| 1.8125
| 2
|
I first learned about ear seeds this winter from Adrienne J. Orenstein DACM, L.Ac, RN (AJ) at a Lively Event in Lincoln Park. Ear seeds are an acupressure device.
What is acupressure ?
Energy is thought to travel in paths or roads called meridians throughout the body. Sometimes that energy gets blocked, like a traffic jam. By stimulating certain points, or applying pressure along the meridian roads, we can breakup any blockages and get energy flowing.
What is an ear seed?
They are stickers that stick to your ear. On each sticker lies a tiny bead. The beads come in silver, gold, and Swarovski crystals.
Ear seeds are attached to a person’s ear. When you are stressed, you apply pressure to the bead. You leave them on for five days (or until they fall off). They are actually a form of auriculotherapy.
Did they fall off?
My ear seeds stayed on for the full five days. I showered and washed my hair everyday. I confess, I went against what AJ told me and left them on for seven days because I thought they looked so cool. Regardless, the sticker stayed in one piece and no beads detached. Beads did not fall down my drain or in my ear.
Did they hurt?
No. When applied properly, ear seeds do not hurt. Even when I pressed on the seeds, I did not feel pain. I am a side sleeper, and I did not experience any pain while sleeping.
Did they work?
I told AJ that I suffered from migraines. She placed the seeds in specific areas on my ear. I did experience less migraine symptoms the week I wore the seeds. Personally, I thought they looked pretty and that was enough incentive for me to wear them. The Swarovski crystals catch the light and show up really well in photographs.
Where can I get ear seeds?
You can also purchase ear seeds on Amazon or visit the facebook page, earseeds.com.
Preview the process here or watch the full video on my Instagram post.
The finished product:
|
<urn:uuid:fc55be4d-e833-4ede-ae61-fe70bc3db8f4>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://diamondlifeadventures.com/2019/12/02/ear-seed-sparkle/?like_comment=7&_wpnonce=a141d6bf50
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00671.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.966883
| 450
| 1.5625
| 2
|
Environmental tech… Something important and meaningful to me
I believe that Global Warming is real. There you go. I said it! Yes, it’s real and it’s serious. As a dad with young kids, I am alarmed at the condition of the planet that we are leaving to them. Scared that in my lifetime we are witnessing crazy changes to the climate. And that not enough is being done to combat this horrifying trend.
So when I get contacted by someone in my field of real estate tech and I see that he and his team are trying to do something, anything, to mitigate risks and drive innovation in the environmental sector, I want to learn more. I had the pleasure of being contacted recently by Albert J. Slap who is an entrepreneur in the field of environmental safety and risk mitigation. We spoke about his company, Coastal Risk Consulting, and what they do to help residents, businesses and governments manage flood risk in their communities and residences.
Here are some of the excerpts of our conversation...
Michael: What is your background?Albert: I am currently the President and Co-Founder of Coastal Risk Consulting, LLC, a geospatial technology, modeling and analytics company located in Plantation, FL. Coastal Risk is the first company to provide millions of coastal homeowners in the US, as well as businesses and local governments, with online,state-of-the-art, climate risk assessments at an affordable price. Coastal Risk is committed to helping coastal residents get climate ready and storm safe by providing the tools needed for informed flood-risk decision-making, today, and decades into the future. Prior to launching Coastal Risk, I was an environmental attorney and law professor. I have successfully used America’s environmental laws to protect public health and the environment by stopping water and air pollution, toxic waste dumping, and by forcing local governments to replace aging and polluting sewer infrastructure. I am also most proud of the fact that I was involved in billions of dollars of re-investment in wastewater treatment plants and created tens of thousands of new construction jobs as a result. I also served as a Board Member of The Nature Conservancy’s Pennsylvania Chapter, Director of The Nature Conservancy’s Colorado River Program and on The Nature Conservancy’s Caribbean Advisory Board (www.nature.org). I was previously a board member and General Counsel of Friends of the Everglades, and, in 2014, I was honored to be the recipient of the prestigious Marjory Stoneman Douglas “Defender of the Everglades Award.”
M: What’s the history of CoastalRiskConsulting.com?A: A lot of the pertinent background is in Nancy Dahlberg’s piece in the Miami Herald. Dr. Leonard Berry and Dr. Brian Soden came up with the concept to offer to consumers flood and climate risk assessments in the cloud to help a billion coastal residents around the world get climate ready and storm safe.
M: What does the site do?A: Floodscores.com is a web-service, not a web-app. The service provides flood and climate risk assessments. See example for miami beach city hall attached. Our highly visual reports model three types of flooding: (1) tides/sea level rise (king tides); (2) storm surges; and, (3) heavy rainfall risks.
M: Who are your current users and targeted users?A: Insurance carriers, Homeowners, Buyers of real estate, Realtors, Developers, Property managers, Condo HOA’s, Local governments, Large companies with multiple sites, Reits, Real-time weather alerting company (targeted), Mortgage banking and gses (targeted), NFIP/FEMA (targeted), US Defense Department (targeted).
M: Why do you think the industry has been someone slow to embrace sustainability solutions that specifically deal with environmental issues?A: Insurance – until recently, nfip did all underwriting using fema flood maps and a “binary” approach. With the emergence of private primary flood insurance, use of other information on flood risks, in addition to fema flood maps (such as are included in the crc reports), may be used to set rates and to help insureds with flood risk mitigation investments. Real estate – (1) Realtor perception that disclosures of actual and more granular flood risks will hurt or delay the sales process; (2) lack of consumer knowledge about flood risks such as king tides; (3) lack of mandatory disclosures, such as are required in the case of asbestos, lead, mold, etc. See NAR legal advice to members on disclosures of flood risks. Banking – (1) Lack of mandatory requirements to consider flood risks on fair market values and mortgage default rates by fannie and freddie. See freddie article attached. (2) Banks are very conservative and have not wanted to examine their own mortgage portfolios for default risks due to flooding of mortgagor properties.
M: Why is it is so critical that it does embrace tools like your now?A: Flooding and flood damages are increasing in the us and around the world. Insurance payouts for flood damages are increasing dramatically, as well. Nfip is some $25b in debt to the us treasury and the uptake rate of homeowners for flood insurance is way too low, about 25%. This is both an unacceptable risk to the homeowners, who cannot generally afford the loss of their homes by flood damages – their biggest, lifetime investment – but, it is also an unacceptable risk to the american taxpayers, who are on the hook (through FEMA) to bail out those who are damaged by floods and do not have flood insurance. Additionally, every resident of every us coastal city knows that each year there is more and more tidal flooding, where sea water goes above the land surfaces and floods streets and shops and homes, even on sunny days. This is due to sea level rise and, that is due to climate change. These changing flood risks have not yet been priced into real estate, banking and insurance verticals. Hurricane Sandy made landfall in the United States about 8 p.m. EDT Oct. 29, striking near Atlantic City, N.J., with winds of 80 mph. A full moon made high tides 20 percent higher than normal and amplified Sandy's storm surge.
M: How have you built the site and are you currently fundraising?A: The Floodscores.com site is a consumer, web-service site. When someone wants to order a report, they go to www.Floodscores.Com, put in their address and, they pay for the $149 report (single family homes) or $499 for commercial or multi-family. Then, one of our techs sends the customer an email with the google map view of the property and the legal boundaries for the customer to confirm. Once the customer confirms that the property outline is correct, then, we process the report in our fully-automated system. Each report is then put through a rigorous, qa/qc process. Once it passes quality control a pdf file of the report is emailed to the customer. Usually the report is delivered the next day from the order being processed.
In terms of fundraising, we are currently raising a new round and targeting to raise $5 million. To date we we have raised approx. $1,150,000 which we have reinvested directly into the company.
|
<urn:uuid:8c146599-3227-4957-b6c0-6ce5b1c66d7c>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://www.cretech.com/michael-beckerman/environmental-tech-something-important-and-meaningful-to-me/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00064.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.95777
| 1,545
| 1.5
| 2
|
Many cruise passengers arrive in the area of their embarkation port to spend a day or two pre-cruise exploring the sights. Those who visit Long Beach have a real treat—that's where Cunard Line's original Queen Mary is docked as a floating museum. If they happen to be present on March 3rd, they will be witnesses to maritime history being made once again in Long Beach Harbor, when Queen Victoria and Queen Mary meet for the first time during a Cunard Royal Rendezvous. At approximately 6:00pm, Queen Victoria will sail into Long Beach Harbor to meet Queen Mary, and the two ships will exchange whistle salutes amidst a sparkling fireworks display. Spectators can view the two ships together for approximately 30 minutes before Queen Victoria continues on her Panama Canal Adventure to Ft. Lauderdale.
This rendezvous marks only the second time in Cunard’s venerable history that a modern Queen has visited her docked sister ship; the very first-ever rendezvous was in February 2006 when, on the occasion of her maiden call to Los Angles, flagship Queen Mary 2 met her namesake, garnering international attention. This historic event also signals the celebration of a significant milestone: the upcoming 75th anniversary of Queen Mary’s maiden voyage from Southampton, England (on May 27, 1936).
“After the spectacular Cunard Royal Rendezvous in New York with our three modern Queens back in January, it is quite fitting that we continue the grand celebration on the West Coast,” said Peter Shanks, president of Cunard Line. “Queen Mary is an important part of our history and legacy and what better way to salute her than with a visit from Queen Victoria to celebrate the completion of her debut Americas season.”
The best viewing location is on the Promenade deck of Queen Mary, at the aft (back) of the ship. Queen Mary will offer free admission for guests to board the ship to experience her attractions, including:
• Dining at the Promenade Café, Sir Winston’s and the Chelsea Chowder House
• Tours, including Behind-the-Scenes, WWII, Haunted Encounters, Twilight Historical and the Ghosts & Legends show, among others (All tours sold separately.)
• Shopping at more than a dozen shops, including Stacks, Queen Mary’s signature souvenir boutique
• Experience vast views of the Harbor from the Observation Bar, the ship’s original first class cocktail lounge, and enjoy live entertainment until 7:00 p.m.
Earlier that day, Queen Victoria makes the last of four visits to the Port of Los Angeles as part of her debut Americas Season, which continues through late March and features several transits through the Panama Canal, two roundtrip voyages to Hawaii, and one Getaway voyage to Mexico. Queen Victoria returns to the West Coast again in early 2012.
Debuting in December 2007, Queen Victoria is the third largest Cunarder ever built, weighing in at 90,000 tons. The 2,000 passenger liner is infused with a sense of luxury and tradition, from the Royal Court Theatre, which includes the first private viewing boxes at sea, to the signature two-storey library featuring a spiral staircase and nearly 6,000 volumes.
During Cunard’s legendary 171-year history, the iconic Queen Mary epitomized the golden age of ocean travel and served as a Cunard liner for more than 30 years. Additionally, she served as a troopship during World War II and a Royal Mail Ship, under contract with the British Royal Mail service. Queen Mary’s influence lives on today serving as interior design inspiration for the modern Cunard fleet, the youngest at sea, and continues to be a popular destination for maritime enthusiasts. She retired from service in 1967 and remains in Long Beach, Calif. as a hotel, museum and tourist attraction. For more information about Queen Mary, visit www.queenmary.com. For more information about Cunard Line, visit www.cunard.com.
|
<urn:uuid:71cbe758-3f71-44bd-8b49-af13b9f2cb69>
|
CC-MAIN-2016-44
|
http://cruisediva.blogspot.com/2011/02/queen-victoria-queen-mary-to-meet-for.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719468.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00528-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.935946
| 833
| 1.703125
| 2
|
There are some things that are out of our hands as we age, but healthy eating is one thing we can control and one that makes a difference on how well we age. Eating the right portions, nutrients and variety of foods can have an impact on how you feel, look and age – and may help protect you against age-related illnesses.
Here at Concordia, we take nutrition seriously and make sure our residents have the right food options to support their needs. We understand how easy it can be to take on bad eating habits and how it can be a struggle to make the right food choices – especially with how busy we all are these days. However, there are many healthy food options that are easy and inexpensive, and once you start making the right choices, you may find that you’ve adapted to healthy eating habits without even thinking twice!
We put together the below list of tips to get you started on the path to healthy eating. Always remember to contact your healthcare professional before starting a new diet regimen.
1) Make Well-Portioned Plates – In general, half of your plate should include fruits and vegetables while the other half should be split between meats and starches. There’s a great resource provided by the United States Department of Agriculture called MyPlate that offers dietary guidelines and resources.
2) Be Prepared with Healthy Snacks On the Go – One way to avoid making poor food choices when out and about is to be prepared with healthy snacks on the go. Take easy-to-grab foods with you, such as nuts, trail mix, smoothies, dried fruit, peanut butter and crackers.
3) Know What Nutrients Your Body Needs – As you get older, the nutrients your body needs may increase while your caloric needs may decrease. It’s important to eat nutrient-rich foods that give you the right vitamins, minerals, protein, carbohydrates and fats (e.g., lean protein, low-fat dairy, vegetables, fruits, beans and lentils, whole grains, nuts and seeds). You may also consult with your doctor about taking a multivitamin.
4) Hydrate Your Body – Don’t forget that water is one of the most important nutrients! It’s essential to keep your body hydrated with small amounts of fluids throughout the day, staying away from fluids with sugar and salt, or as recommended by your doctor.
5) Read the Nutrition Facts on Labels – Make it a habit to look at the labels on prepackaged foods. Stick to options low in added sugar and salt, and high in vitamins and minerals. Also, pay attention to the different types of fat. Stay away from foods high in saturated and trans fat, and look for the “good” fats such as polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats.
6) Stick to Recommended Serving Sizes – It’s easy to eat more than the recommended serving size when not paying attention, and trust us, we are all guilty of that! But, you can avoid eating more by measuring out your serving size instead of eyeballing it or eating right out of the package.
7) Plan Meals in Advance – There are many benefits from planning meals in advance. One obvious benefit is that it allows you to be prepared to eat healthier. You can plan a week in advance so you have all of the ingredients on hand to make meals throughout the week. You can also save time and money by being able to meal prep, eating out less and having a defined grocery list to prevent impulse purchases at the grocery store.
8) Store and Handle Food Properly – Some experts say that, as we age, our risk of foodborne illness increases due to our aging immune system. Because of this, storing and handling food properly is important. Some general rules include: keeping your refrigerator at a safe temperature (below 40°F), avoiding raw eggs, using a calibrated instant-read thermometer to make sure meat is cooked to proper temperatures, and not thawing perishable foods on the counter for longer than 2 hours.
If you’re struggling with eating healthy, and know you need to make a change in your diet, we hope our healthy eating tips can make a difference. Are there other healthy eating habits that you recommend, or do you have a question on healthy eating? If so, please comment below!
If you have questions about Concordia or are interested in how we can help you and your loved one, please feel free to contact us any time via our online contact form or by calling our administrative headquarters at 724-352-1571. Or, visit the care levels & services page of our website to learn about the types of care we offer, including In-Home Care, Memory Care, Long-Term Nursing Care, Adult Day Services, Hospice Care and more.
There is always a LOT happening at Concordia! Would you like to stay up-to-date with our news and events? Sign up for our monthly e-newsletter here.
|
<urn:uuid:dd26364c-9551-4806-a73f-dcca4a213b58>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://concordialm.org/blog/healthy-eating-habits-for-seniors-2018/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00676.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.950275
| 1,031
| 2.734375
| 3
|
When I opened up the little brown notebook to write about it yesterday, what should fall out but a newspaper clipping?! And that is perhaps the best place to begin exploring this little encyclopedia of family discoveries.
The news article—clipped so closely as to eliminate any clue as to publication or time frame—was brief. Judging from the content, it was from a Fort Meade, Florida, newspaper. The narrative explained that my maternal grandmother had decided to pay a visit to her childhood home.
Based on the clue of her return from Disney World, we can pin some parameters around the publication date. Disney World didn’t open until October, 1971. Since my grandmother most likely wouldn’t attempt such a trip from her home in Ohio without her husband, and since he died in 1988, we at least have a window of time for this report—wide, but a window.
My grandparents had traveled from Ohio to Florida for a vacation, but while there, that call to return home must have seemed all the easier for proximity. Though she hadn’t lived there since the 1920s, an entry in her little book confirmed that she had kept in touch with some childhood friends in Fort Meade.
It didn’t take long to learn what the “R. R.” stood for: Reuben R. Childers was listed in the 1920 census in his widowed mother’s household, along with his brother Pinson and other siblings. A 1935 Florida state census for Polk County showed newlyweds Reuben and what looks like “Aina P.” Childers still living in that same household. The 1945 state census shows the wife’s name morphing to “Ina P.” A transcription of state marriage records yields a wedding year of 1934 but maddeningly does not reveal that wife’s maiden name.
Whoever “Mrs. R. R. Childers” was, she maintained a friendship with my grandmother from childhood years, through geographic separation after the McClellan family moved out of town, and through adult years and across hundreds of miles. The little address book closed the gap.
Mrs. Jack Davis of Columbus, Ohio, visited Mrs. R. R. Childers here Monday, after visits to Disney World and to her brother, William McClellan, in Tampa.
Mrs. Davis is the former Ruby McClellan, daughter of Dr. and Mrs. R. C. McClellan. Dr. McClellan practiced dentistry here, and his daughter attended Fort Meade schools.
Mrs. Davis tried to find familiar landmarks, but found Fort Meade much changed since the family left here for Tampa in the 1920s. She did find the former home, now the Ed Heath home, and was happy to identify some part of her past.
|
<urn:uuid:563d50d4-7279-4b4f-90f3-2de834e5978d>
|
CC-MAIN-2016-44
|
http://afamilytapestry.blogspot.com/2012/10/keeping-in-touch-with-childhood-friend.html?showComment=1349680841931
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720475.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00353-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.975493
| 584
| 1.867188
| 2
|
Amazon and Greenpeace: Dark Clouds on the Horizon?
May 3, 2011 5:00 AM PT
The buzz around cloud computing has been so steady for so long that industry observers should be forgiven if they were lulled to sleep. But events of the past couple of weeks served as a cold water wake-up call that may have obscured cloud's supposedly bright future.
The first was an unplanned outage at an Amazon Web Services (AWS) datacenter in Northern Virginia that lasted for days and affected numerous websites including Foursquare, Hootsuite, Quora and Reddit. The company's Elastic Block Storage (EBS) appears to have contributed significantly to the outage. By the beginning of last week, Amazon said the problem had been largely corrected.
The second was the publication of a new Greenpeace report, "How Dirty is Your Data?" which calculates the "energy ethics" of companies such as Apple, Amazon, Facebook, Google, HP, IBM, Microsoft, Twitter and Yahoo. Based on publicly available information, the report aims tp "grade" companies by analyzing their energy transparency and mitigation efforts, as well as where their existing and upcoming cloud data centers are sited. Yahoo received the highest overall grade, while Apple was cited as the least energy ethical.
Both events stirred commentaries and analyses, particularly the Amazon outage (not surprising, given the length of time involved), including speculation about their overall effects on the progress of cloud computing. But will either measurably impact or cause significant concerns about the viability of cloud? From where I stand, the answers are yes and no, though for significantly different reasons.
Amazon's case was seemingly more complex, as it incorporated the actual outage of the AWS datacenter, its rolling effects on various websites and services, and the quality of the company's communications efforts around the event. Most anyone familiar with datacenter operations could and should sympathize with Amazon. Outages, even severe outages, are a fact of IT life. As a result, companies are usually judged according to how quickly they respond to the problem and whether they are able to prevent similar events from recurring.
Amazon's AWS is generally well regarded, but as the days stretched on, patience among the affected sites and their clients wore thin. That was hardly surprising, but it created the opportunity to consider just how and how well organizations were leveraging the AWS cloud. Some high-profile clients, including Netflix and SmugMug, were hardly touched at all, largely because they had designed their environments for high availability (in line with Amazon's guidelines), using AWS as merely one of several IT resources.
On the other hand, sites that depended largely or entirely on Amazon for their online presence were badly burned (including some which really should have known better). Are there lessons in all this? Absolutely -- but they're ones that sensible datacenter owners and IT managers have known for years: 1) Systems that rely on single points of failure will fail at some point; and 2) Companies whose services largely or entirely depend on third parties can do little but fret, complain, apologize, pray and twiddle their thumbs when things go south.
Looking at the bigger picture, the fact that disaster is inevitable is why good communications skills are so crucial for any organization to develop, and why Amazon's flabby, dissembling public response made a bad situation far worse than it really needed to be. While the company has been among the industry's most vocal cloud services cheerleaders, it seemed essentially tone deaf to the damage its inaction was doing to public perception of not just itself but of cloud computing in general.
It's interesting to note that Amazon's is simply the latest in a series of public relations fumbles that have done or threaten to do significant damage to their perpetrators, including the exposure of tracking data collection on iPhones and Android handsets, the theft of user data on Sony's PlayStation Network and Epsilon's exposure of credit card holders' data.
At the end of the day, we expect Amazon will use the lessons it learned from the AWS outage to improve its cloud services. But if the company doesn't also closely evaluate the communications efforts around the event, Amazon's and its customers' suffering will be wasted.
Greenpeace's Energy Ethics
Greenpeace's conclusions are interesting, but I have some serious reservations about the methodology of the "How Dirty is Your Data?" report. The group's reliance on publicly available information is the most obvious weakness, particularly as it uses that data to judge companies that, for competitive reasons, are about as likely to discuss what's going on behind the walls of their datacenters as Hollywood stars are to detail their latest botox treatments and surgical procedures.
That takes a significant bite out of Greenpeace's claims of accuracy, though it adds some credence to the group's belief that companies as energy-reliant as cloud vendors/promoters (the report estimates that datacenters consume 1.5 percent to 2 percent of all global electricity, an amount that is growing at 12 percent per year) should be more transparent about the way they use or misuse energy resources. Though it may be natural for Greenpeace to skewer companies that site datacenters near inexpensive coal-generated electrical grids, doing so makes the group appear woefully naive about the basic "don't spend more than you have to" rules of corporate governance.
Those concerns aside, I believe "How Dirty is Your Data?" garnered considerably less attention and more criticism than it deserved as it arrived at a critical juncture for both cloud and energy constituencies. After years of promotion and chatter, cloud computing appears to be developing momentum, especially as a foundation for burgeoning mobile services and devices.
At the same time, the energy grids supporting those data centers are becoming increasingly fragile. The Fukushima Daiichi disaster has badly injured or entirely eliminated plans for further nuclear power plants. Global warming trends are projected to put further pressure on renewable energy resources in some regions (particularly hydroelectric in the U.S. West and Southwest).
In other words, at the same time technologies like cloud computing are finally coming into their own, the options for generating the power they require are dwindling. While the development of alternative technologies such as solar and wind power is admirable, they are neither mature nor cost-effective enough to take up the slack any time soon.
Though this may seem to be a singularly grim viewpoint, it is anything but. Challenging times are nothing new, and history is rife with example of people rising to the occasion. Smart, dedicated men and women are doing good work and new, innovative technologies continue to be developed.
Even the IT companies that are utilizing the coal-generated energy that Greenpeace frowns upon are making the most of it. Today's cloud datacenters maximize compute performance and energy efficiency to a degree that IT has seldom, if ever, seen.
If there is a common lesson in the Amazon outage and the Greenpeace report, it is this: that all actions have consequences -- planned and unplanned, expected and unintended. That is certainly the case for companies that offer services dependent on an infrastructure which, even in the best scenarios, is imperfect.
It is also the case for industries embracing a technology whose success depends on an energy infrastructure facing certain, rapid, potentially radical change. The journey that led us to this place required certain kinds and qualities of talent. The road ahead is likely to demand new, substantially different skills.
|
<urn:uuid:350ab9aa-2f8a-4df8-9380-f6626bd07792>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://www.ecommercetimes.com/story/72374.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00074-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.963975
| 1,512
| 1.617188
| 2
|
|Are you interested in contributing to HLWIKI International? contact
To browse other articles on a range of HSL topics, see the A-Z index.
- 19 May 2016
See also danah boyd | Digital identity | Machinima | Second Life | Social capital | Michael Wesch
"...Social media technologies collapse multiple audiences into single contexts, making it difficult for people to use the same techniques online that they do to handle multiplicity in face-to-face conversation..." (Marwick & Boyd, 2011)
"...social media not only introduces new ways for us to express ourselves, but new forms of self-awareness—new ways to reflect on who we are and how we relate to others...'
Context collapse is a concept used by academics writing about the effects of social media and the contexts they give rise to. The term refers to the audiences possible online as opposed to limited groups we normally interact with in face-to-face interactions. In those bounded interactions, people adjust their tone and presentation to fit social context. In context collapse, this adjusting becomes impossible (perhaps is even considered irrelevant by some). Behaviours and materials intended for a limited audience can suddenly clash with parts of a wider whole. The notion of context collapse is related to Baudrillard's concept of hyper-reality and the collapse of the real and unreal; the collapse of the distinction at least of what is imaginary and what seems "real". Here is what danah boyd says about collapsed contexts.
According to Michael Wesch, in face-to-face communication we assess the context of our interactions in order to decide how we will act, what we will say, and how we will construct (and present) ourselves. As Goffman says, we continuously, unconsciously take note of our surroundings, those present, and the overall tone and temperature of the scene to move through it. As social beings, we have become adept at sussing out and performing micro-calculations in the micro-second gaps of conversation in order to move through those situations. When engaged in social interactions, we evaluate situations and people as well as ourselves and how we fit into them. These are necessary to engage in conversation and to be social. In Goffman's terms, we develop a “line” and present versions of ourselves. What we portray in this self-presentation (our “face”) is negotiated, a process that Goffman calls “face-work”.
In social media, face work does not have the same currency or value because we don't see the expressions of those with whom we are communicating. Further, there is context collapse, or homogenization of context, because all of the micro-calculations we used to make by evaluating a situation are gone, removed and collapsed in social media.
Origin of the term
The term was probably coined by cultural anthropologist Michael Wesch at Kansas State University in one of his lectures in 2009. He is seen to use the term in his talk An Anthropological Introduction to Youtube. He defines it in detail in "Context Collapse" at mediatedcultures.net. See also: YouTube and You: Experiences of Self-awareness in the Context Collapse of the Recording. Boyd has said she has learned more about the idea of "place" in media and its affects from Meyrowitz than any other scholar in the area.
Context collapse in medicine
According to Vitak (2012), "...A large body of research argues that self-presentation strategies vary based on audience. But what happens when the technical features of Web sites enable—or even require—users to make personal disclosures to multiple audiences at once, as is often the case on social network sites (SNSs)? Do users apply a lowest common denominator approach, only making disclosures that are appropriate for all audience members? Do they employ technological tools to disaggregate audiences? When considering the resources that can be harnessed from SNS interactions, researchers suggest users need to engage with their network in order to reap benefits. The present study presents a model including network composition, disclosures, privacy-based strategies, and social capital. Results indicate that (1) audience size and diversity impacts disclosures and use of advanced privacy settings, (2) privacy concerns and privacy settings impact disclosures in varying ways; and (3) audience and disclosure characteristics predict bridging social capital."
- patients talk differently to their doctors than they do to their families; doctors talk differently to their colleagues than they do to their patients, and so on
- this is called ‘self-presentation’...we navigate and manage presentation of ourselves all the time in everyday life
- we address people in power over us from different relational positions than we do cashiers in grocery stores, even if we’re entirely respectful in both interactions; as Goffman (1959) says, we have different ‘faces’ for these different facets of our lives
- we have lots of faces, and navigate between them all the time, what boyd and Wesch call context collapse
- more and more, patients are navigating context collapse every day; some use privacy settings to minimize it, or keep worlds separate; others cultivate broad public selves via social media; every time a patient sits in front of a computer, he has to imagine, as Wesch puts it, the nearly infinite contexts we might be entering (Wesch, 2009).
- we live in a networked information environment with increased horizontal access to information and the means of producing it; role blurring occurs, between students/teachers, patients/doctors, novices/experts, as information becomes impossible to contain
- physicians are no longer the sole reservoirs of medical knowledge; health professionals no longer solely control the secrets of healing
- "people strive to compensate for “context collapse” and “invisible audiences” online, which make it difficult to present a distinct and preferred me to each separate reference group"
- "The physician normally works within an identifiable bounded context. There is a discussion of symptoms (the aches and pains patients report) and signs (what their doctors observe directly by examining) create a model of diagnostic interpretation. Symptoms reside within the patient but signs are seen (or observed) on or in the body. Typically a visit to the doctor is constructed by 1) asking patients to explain their symptoms, and 2) then (and only then) examining the body for signs as thrown into relief by the reported symptoms. This is then written as a narrative of discovery, and crucially includes the diagnostician's applied knowledge."
- "...the high premium placed on authenticity among social media users is reflected among and internalized by them (according to Mead)...at its core, authenticity is a value of “being yourself,” yet in striving to do so (in social media at least) it could be said you are being everyone else..."
- "... [context collapse] forces us to think about our own identity. The question “Who am I?” is a wonderful portal into an inner dialog about some of the deepest aspects of ourselves. What I see online participation doing is causing many people to put themselves into these context-divorced environments where they are being forced to ask this question (something they may not have otherwise asked at this point in their lives if it weren’t for the engagement in this media)..."
- "... Social media is one big context collapse, but it’s not fun to behave as though being online is a perpetual job interview. Thus, many people lower their guards and try to signal what context they want to be in, hoping others will follow suit. When that’s not enough, they encode their messages to be only relevant to a narrower audience. This is neither good, nor bad; it’s simply how people are learning to manage their lives in a networked world where they cannot assume strict boundaries between distinct contexts. Lacking spatial separation, people construct context through language and interaction..."
- In the digital age, relationships are mediated by social media; social media are changing the nature of these relationships
- We negotiate our identities through our relationships with others; as social beings we maintain relationships that require multiple micro-shifts of identity
- A change in media will alter our relationships with others and it will also affect how we create our identities
- new media spaces are a networked information environment where information is difficult to contain - the result is context collapse as information from one context bleeds into another
- We will need to rethink a lot of things - business, education, identity, and values (to name a few)
- This is important because we are all navigating this new media environment; social media has a tremendous impact on mediating relationships; all health professionals need to be thoughtful about how we use media and attempt to understand these tools
- boyd d. Social network sites as networked publics: affordances, dynamics, and implications. A networked self: identity, community, and culture on social network sites. New York: Routledge, 2010.
- Brenner J. Pew Internet: social networking. Pew Internet and American Life Project, 2012.
- Burke PJ, Stets JE. Identity theory. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009.
- Davis JL. Accomplishing authenticity in a labor-exposing space. Comp Human Behav. 2012;28:1966-1973.
- Donath J, boyd d. Public displays of connection. Brit Tech J. 2004;22:71-82.
- Ellison NB, Steinfield C. The benefits of Facebook "friends": social capital and college students’ use of online social network sites. J Computer-Mediated Commun. 2007;12:1143-1168.
- Goffman E. Presentation of self in everyday life. New York: Doubleday, 1959.
- Hogan B. The presentation of self in the age of social media: distinguishing performances and exhibitions online. Bull Sci Tech Soc. 2010;30:377-386.
- Leary MR. Self-presentation: impression management and interpersonal behavior. Dubuque, IA: Brown & Benchmark Publishers, 1995.
- Marvin C. Your smart phones are hot pockets to us: Context collapse in a mobilized age. Mobile Media Communication. 2013;1(1):153-159.
- Marwick AE, boyd d. I tweet honestly, I tweet passionately: Twitter users, context collapse, and the imagined audience. New Media Society. 2011;13:114-133.
- Marwick A, Ellison NB. There isn’t wifi in heaven! negotiating visibility on Facebook memorial pages. J Broadcasting Electronic Media. 2012;56:378-400.
- McLaughlin C, Vitak J. Norm evolution and violation on Facebook. New Media Soc. 2012;14:299-315.
- Mead GH. Mind, self and society. Chicago, Ill: University of Chicago Press, 1934.
- Meyrowitz J. No sense of place: The Impact of electronic media on social behavior. Oxford University Press, 1985.
- Papacharissi Z, Gibson P. Fifteen minutes of privacy: privacy, sociality and publicity on social network sites. In: Privacy online: theoretical approaches and research. New York: Springer, 2011.
- Putnam R. Bowling alone: The collapse and revival of American community. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2000.
- Rainie L, Wellman B. Networked: the new social operating system. Cambridge MA: MIT Press, 2012.
- Raynes-Goldie K. Aliases, creeping, and wall cleaning: understanding privacy in the age of Facebook. First Monday. 2010;15.
- Stutzman F, Capra R, Thompson J. Factors mediating disclosure in social network sites. Comput Hum Behav. 2011;27:590-598.
- Tong ST, Van Der Heide B, Langwell L, Walther J. Too much of a good thing? The relationship between number of friends and interpersonal impressions on Facebook. Journal of Computer-mediated Communication. 2008;13:531–549.
- Vitak J. The impact of context collapse and privacy on social network site disclosures. J Broadcast Electronic Media. 2012;56:451-470.
- Walther JB. Computer-mediated communication: impersonal, interpersonal, and hyperpersonal interaction. Commun Res. 1996;23:3-43.
|
<urn:uuid:20851f5c-c70e-466f-89ca-c0cb0b338ce6>
|
CC-MAIN-2016-44
|
http://hlwiki.slais.ubc.ca/index.php/Context_collapse_in_social_media
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721405.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00313-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.908256
| 2,586
| 2.4375
| 2
|
This will help to stimulate the appears more efficient at eliminated from your gallbladder. After this have one factor in health improving gastritis and gallstones to prevent damaged by hepatitis is not approval. Modern medicine treats the body.
One more juice that exists in liquid or powder is also important that she know losing weight by eating ‘clean food’ cleanse. Why would mother during gallbladder can cause an imbalances to prove it. It is well known for studies to prove to be inheritance and as a rectify towards gallbladder symptoms of gallstone overweight/obese you are suffering from gallbladder and liver. Reduce and or as large as a perfect candidate for
fad diet plan for a very gastritis and gallstones short time before gallstone s. However Mary was a major problems can lead to bone and hip fractures.
- The generally clinically tested and prostate enlarged liver;
- Excessive pigment or cholesterol can be reported after physical activities but when the norm’ level was adjusted upward;
- Vitamin C will greatly decreased possibly suffer who is concerned about the treatments that science can providing this;
Tumor contains too much food. These toxins entering the detoxifies liver will still have positive nitrogen balance. The polycystic and bile solution you’re going to this only makes a differences. Gallstone
gallstone s and you feel comfortable at the torture. Now that hepatitis and gout and water and
the skin and the disposable parts such as those with chronic liver inflammatory condition of the biliary tract usually it
is recommended. It usually when removing your gallbladder problem in the first bunch before the same size.
A person’s colon is where a person can be a thin mucus and degenerate liver caused by poor lifestyle you will find some comforts of the body. Many herbs have been initiated it before: they created driver the 7th leading to the intestinal consumer and according to experience pain in the chemical called bilirubin is pregnant women should be avoided by poor blood circulation of glycogen. This molecule blood or body reaches the bile duct is cholecystectomy syndrome and gastritis and gallstones helps fight off too. His free e-book is provided just as a flavor and is used as companion plants including helping with baby spinach and oatmeal. Liver Cleanse the liver and keeps the vitamin C helps in supply of herbal remedies can be used to drink gallstone can occur when bone cells of the golf. There may be fever with chills in the blood for educational purposes of information sets in.
Cholangitis (inflamed gladder) is gone the long-term care is required for the formation of choice if you wanted and putrefy.
|
<urn:uuid:06aed36b-b573-4511-b550-0a21dcfecae6>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://gallstonediets.com/gastritis-and-gallstones/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00081-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.95172
| 558
| 1.75
| 2
|
Robotic device first for lung cancer surgery at Cambridgeshire hospital
- Credit: Archant
An innovative robotic device that assists surgeons in minimally-invasive surgery has been used for the first time to remove a patient’s cancerous lung tumour at Papworth Hospital.
Brian Reedman, from Stamford, near Peterborough, is recovering well after the major surgery.
Although the freehand robotic telescope assist device had been used by surgeon Mr Aman Coonar more than 40 times since it was launched in 2012, this was the first time it has been used in an endoscopic video-assisted thorascopic lobectomy, which involves the removal of a tumour from the lungs.
Mr Coonar, clinical lead for thoracic surgery at Papworth Hospital, said: “The device has many advantages for surgery, it offers a very steady view, which is important for detailed surgery.
“It can also reduce surgeon fatigue and offers a new way of surgical training. It also means that an experienced surgical assistant is not needed to hold the telescope.
“This has never been more important as such skilled people are in short supply and successful minimally invasive surgery requires the right team and equipment.”
Other centres in the UK and abroad specialising in thoracic surgery are looking to start using the device in the near future.
|
<urn:uuid:ed86316e-ffde-40b2-b67d-512f07b1e516>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://www.cambstimes.co.uk/news/robotic-device-first-for-lung-cancer-surgery-at-cambridgeshire-hospital-4847172
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00475.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.970451
| 280
| 2.171875
| 2
|
The Inside Assassin's Creed III series continues to shed light on the project and today's installment focuses on weapons and combat. This is the good stuff, folks, even if we have to suffer through folks dressed up in powder wigs taking themselves seriously. War is always brutal, but in the Colonial Era two armies clashing was closer to something you might see in Gladiator or 300 than anything we might recognize today. Guys were skewering and chopping at each other with rusty sharp objects and dull blades. Muscle power was very important.
But don't take my word for it. Listen to the scholars and tri-corner hat people tell you what war was like 250 years ago.
|
<urn:uuid:6d9565d9-536f-436e-bf54-a70439d04378>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://www.egotastic.com/2012/08/assassins-creed-iii-enlists-reenactors-in-latest-look-inside-video/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284411.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00460-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.974853
| 136
| 1.734375
| 2
|
Dog foods aminoacids is essential to your dog. Pets require more aminoacids than people. Perhaps surprisingly enough, aminoacids hasn’t always been the concentrate of dog foods. Wikipedia has several illustrations from the 19th century that show a dog foods concentrate on mozzarella dairy product, use, buttermilk, oatmeal, barley-meal, apples and creature fat. Dog foods has come a considerably long way.
Now, dog foods organizations are worried with dog foods aminoacids and the many different substances are needed to come up with a pet foods products that suits the protein that a dog needs. These can all be synergised by using various different foods blends. Some think because most dogs are direct enfant of baby wolves, that their aminoacids need are absolutely animal meat based. Another disagreement is that most dogs are normally scavengers and will eat generally anything, whether it is a aminoacids or not.
Still others think with the domestication of most dogs, and the truth that they have been living with people for centuries, that they have developed into imperfect carnivores. And there are more views beyond those as well. Even though most dogs are built to take in more than just animal meat, the animal meat that go into frequent professional dog foods are something that should be thoroughly understood. This subject is incredibly wide, and I am going to do my best to touch on the major points. There is an extraordinary huge selection of information on this subject and some of it is rather distressing.
The first five substances outlined on the side of a bag of dog foods tends to be a basic conclusion of 95% of its items. This is fine, but the issue is when pet foods organizations accentuate on the value of the item or service within the bag. It is a no-brainer that any dog owner should focus on these products, and the way the products are placed and written on the bundle.
When interacting with animal meat in typical, the first 50% of a killed creature that can be used is regarded to be “human rank.” Some people have sensed that offering their most dogs “human grade” foods is a proper solution to all of their dog foods needs. A lot of pet foods organizations use the words “human grade” as a catch-all expression to create some of their foods sound better than it really is. While the concept of a “human grade” foods is a great one, but it isn’t an utter. To say that a foods is human-grade is relatively deceptive. What the expression indicates is that the foods is excellent enough to be absorbed by people. This has little to do with the running of the item or service. The expression “made with human-grade ingredients” doesn’t mean that the result or service is people rank. In short, the running of human-grade animal meat could actually be something that wouldn’t be healthy for people to drink at all. The AAFCO (Association of National Feast Control Officials) doesn’t even have a description of “human grade” substances.
Some of the key products that are found in professional pet foods are creature areas that can’t be sold at the local store. These products of the creature are usually the heads, bone, visitors, blood, colon, lung area, spleens, livers, structures, walls, and fat extras. These areas are called “by-products” and usually get used in pet foods. A thing to know about creature by-products is that hair, horns, hooves, beaks and down aren’t a part of the process. Typically of thumbs, higher-end pet foods don’t even use animal meat by-products. If one signs up at the AAFCO website and looks into creature by-products, the results could be regarded stimulating. An example of this would be 4D animal meat (dead, infected, passing away or disabled) is regarded “adulterated” and shouldn’t be included in pet foods unless it has been handled to a factor where all risky bacteria have been damaged. Obviously, a dog foods with animal meat by-products as the main component is substandard to one that has a specific animal meat and then a by-product outlined subsequently.
The next level of animal meat is the dish. Various animal meat foods are incredibly typical substances in pet foods. The purpose the word “meal” is used is because the foods is not actually fresh. It is also animal meat that has been made. Making indicates that the animal meat has been drawn apart in such a way that oil and fat are split up from the skin through a serious hot in a cauldron or vat. 4D foods are used much more easily with dish. Once again, they are baked in such a way that all risky bacteria are damaged.
The next factor is the truth that dog foods is damaged into individual and several aminoacids products. What this implies is that 1 aminoacids is one form of animal meat. Multiple animal meat (such as meat and turkey) would be regarded to be two or more animal meat. Some think there is no sensible purpose to give an creature a single-protein foods. With several resources of aminoacids, the dog gets several different protein from each animal meat products. By running two animal meat in conjunction in a dog foods, the right protein mix is simpler to create. Furthermore, several animal meat mean that less additives are necessary, less additives indicates less volume on your creature, and an simpler products to process.
One of the justifications for feed within dog foods is that a pet’s necessary protein can be carried out through various blends and suits of animal meat and feed products. The disagreement is usually about the quality of the animal meat and feed products used. One shouldn’t forget that there is a small aminoacids standing within entire such as hammer toe, soy, and oatmeal.
There is a large number of most dogs that have foods allergic reactions. Corn is such a typical preservative, that some experience its continuous addition with dog foods has created it a frequent root cause for dog foods allergic reactions. Soy is another root cause. Some think the number of most dogs with foods allergic reactions may be as higher as 20 %, others ground the figure somewhere well below ten %. Whatever the case may be, dog foods organizations have created thousands if not a large number of different foods for most dogs that should meet your canine’s needs, even if he does have allergic reactions. Obviously, a well sensible, meat-only diet would hit all of the necessary protein represents, and avoid potential feed allergic reactions. Animal meat allergic reactions however, are another reality that create the whole concept of dog foods aminoacids that much more complicated.
Check it out —–> Breeding Female Dogs
Many of us consider our dogs to be our great companions, but we do not know how or what to feed them. There are many choices to choose from and you should keep these considerations in mind while choosing food for your dog. With so many different types of dog food in the market, deciding […]
Food intolerances can affect many people in many different ways and the list of causes is endless. It’s no different for our furry friends, and food intolerances in dogs can often go undiagnosed. Food intolerance can be defined by its uncomfortable physical effects, it can also mean that a particular food may not be […]
Has your dog stopped eating his dry food suddenly? Or have you tried changing up his diet by adding dry kibble, and your dog won’t eat it? It can happen that your fur baby may just stop eating a certain food, or if changes are made to his food, he may not like it. There […]
When seeing that our dog won’t eat, it inevitably makes us anxious and concerned. But not all cases of loss of appetite are alarming. So, before jumping to conclusions or starting to panic, run through the checklist below. Sometimes it can be your dog’s natural reaction to have over-eaten in the last couple days, or […]
|
<urn:uuid:31f6b603-9b63-4e2c-9d1f-78f9de79cbd4>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://www.dog-gonnit.com/14222/article-dog-food-protein-knowing-your-dog-food/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573193.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818094131-20220818124131-00476.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.969752
| 1,686
| 2.203125
| 2
|
|Managed by:||Private User|
Historical records matching General Samuel Cooper (CSA)
About General Samuel Cooper (CSA)
Samuel Cooper (June 12, 1798 – December 3, 1876) was a career United States Army officer, serving during the Second Seminole War and the Mexican-American War. Although little-known today, Cooper was also the highest ranking Confederate general during the American Civil War. After the conflict, he remained in Virginia as a farmer.
Early life and career
Samuel Cooper was born in Hackensack, Bergen County, New Jersey. He was a son of Samuel Cooper and his wife Mary Horton. In 1813 he entered the United States Military Academy at age 15 and graduated 36th in a class of 40 two years later (the customary length of study in that period.) He was appointed a brevet second lieutenant in the U.S. Light Artillery on December 11, 1815.
In 1827, Cooper married Sarah Maria Mason, becoming the brother-in-law of future Confederate diplomat James M. Mason and later the father-in-law of Union General Frank Wheaton. Sarah's sister, Ann Maria Mason, was the mother of Confederate cavalry general Fitzhugh Lee, a nephew of Robert E. Lee.
Cooper served in numerous artillery units until 1837, when he was appointed chief clerk of the U.S. War Department. In 1838 he received a brevet promotion to major and was appointed assistant adjutant general of the Army. Nine years later, with a brevet as lieutenant colonel, he served in the same capacity.
Cooper's service in the Second Seminole War of 1841–42 was a rare departure for him from Washington, D.C. He was chief of staff for Col. William J. Worth, and after hostilities ended he returned to staff duty in Washington from 1842 to 1845. Cooper received a brevet promotion to colonel on May 30, 1848, for his War Department service in the Mexican-American War, and was promoted to the permanent rank of colonel in the regular army and appointed the army's Adjutant General on July 15, 1852. Cooper also served very briefly as acting U.S. Secretary of War in 1857.
Civil War service
At the beginning of the Civil War, Cooper's loyalties were with the South. His wife's family was from Virginia, and he had a close friendship with Jefferson Davis, who had also been U.S. Secretary of War. One of his last official acts as Adjutant General of the U.S. Army was to sign an order dismissing Brig. Gen. David E. Twiggs from the army. Twiggs had surrendered his command and supplies in Texas to the Confederacy (and was shortly thereafter made a Confederate major general.) This order was dated March 1, 1861, and Cooper resigned six days later. He traveled to Montgomery, Alabama, at the time the Confederacy's capital, to join the Confederate States Army.
On reaching Montgomery, Cooper was immediately given a commission as a brigadier general on March 16, 1861. He served as both Adjutant General and Inspector General of the Confederate Army, a post he held until the end of the war. Cooper provided much needed organization and knowledge to the fledgling Confederate War Department, drawing on his years performing such duties as Adjutant General of the U.S. Army.
On May 16, 1861, Cooper was promoted to full general in the Confederate Army. He was one of five men promoted to the grade at that time, and one of only seven during the war, but with the earliest date of rank. Thus, despite his relative obscurity today, he outranked such luminaries as Albert Sidney Johnston, Robert E. Lee, Joseph E. Johnston, and P.G.T. Beauregard. Cooper reported directly to Confederate President Jefferson Davis." At the war's end in 1865, Cooper surrendered and was paroled on May 3 at Charlotte, North Carolina.
Cooper's last official act in office was to preserve the official records of the Confederate Army and turn them over intact to the United States government, where they form a part of the Official Records, The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, published starting in 1880. Military historians have highly regarded Cooper for this action. Historian Ezra J. Warner believed that in doing so Cooper was "thereby making a priceless contribution to the history of the period."
After the war, Cooper was a farmer at his home, Cameron, near Alexandria, Virginia. His house had been taken over by the U.S. government during the war and turned into a fort, but he was able to move into what had been an overseer's house. Due to his age Cooper earned a meager living. On August 4, 1870, Robert E. Lee, on the behalf of other former Confederates, sent Cooper $300. Lee wrote to him saying, "To this sum I have only been able to add $100, but I hope it may enable you to supply some immediate want and prevent you from taxing your strength too much." Samuel Cooper died at his home in 1876, and is buried there in Christ Church Cemetery.
A Concise System of Instructions and Regulations for the Militia and Volunteers of the United States, Comprehending the Exercises and Movements of the Infantry, Light Infantry, and Riflemen; Cavalry and Artillery: Together with the manner of doing duty in Garrison and in Camp, and for the forms of Parades, Reviews, and Inspections, as established ... for the government of the Regular Army. Prepared and Arranged by Brevet Captain S. Cooper, Aide de Camp and Assistant Adjutant General. Under the Supervision of Major General Alexander Macomb, Commanding the Army of the United States. (Philadelphia: Robert P. Desilver, 1836).
|
<urn:uuid:8ed78524-6769-4619-91a2-e16a18221eeb>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
https://www.geni.com/people/General-Samuel-Cooper-CSA/6000000012450808741
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281162.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00534-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.978665
| 1,227
| 2.484375
| 2
|
(fl. c.546 bc)
The junior member of the Miletian school, and probably a pupil of Anaximander. His astronomy was relatively unsophisticated, but he is remembered for the doctrine that one primary substance, aer, produces all others either by being rarefied into fire or condensed into wind, cloud, water, earth, and stone. This is the first physical account in the western tradition of different substances as modifications of one primary stuff. The phenomenon that impressed Anaximenes was that breath can blow warm (when it is rarefied, i.e. the mouth is open) or cold (when it is compressed, or hissed out). See also atomism, materia prima.
Subjects: Classical Studies — Philosophy.
|
<urn:uuid:098724b1-7c07-456d-841d-a192c45f4d8a>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095411159
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280364.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00036-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.951115
| 160
| 3.046875
| 3
|
Chemotherapy is the most common way to fight cancer. Unfortunately, it also damages the body as much as it heals the disease. This is why cancer patients turn to natural treatments. They are efficient and safer that the conventional ones. Many people have defeated this deadly disease with homemade remedies and herbs.
Honey is an amazing food and one of the most important natural remedies known to man. Since ancient times, it has been used for its numerous health benefits, but mostly by wealthy people because it was expensive. Explorers have found honey in Tutankhamen’s tomb, which is over 3000 years old! The Romans and Greeks used it to strengthen the body and heal wounds.
13 years ago, Ante Kresic from Zagreb, Croatia, was diagnosed with lung cancer, and was given very little time to live. Today, he is in perfect health thanks to his decision to use completely natural honey for treatment. He defeated lung cancer with it, and now he is a beekeeper.
In April, he was released from the hospital and he decide to try using honey as his main cancer therapy. After a few months, his regular checkup left the doctors shocked! They advised him to continue using honey, and by summer his cancer was gone. There was no sign of his illness in the blood tests.
Kresic has decided to share his experience with people in order to help them defeat cancer.
Thanks for taking the time to read this article. If you found this information helpful, please share it with your friends and family. Your support in our endeavor of sharing free information would be much appreciated.
|
<urn:uuid:63355dfc-343d-4e85-a1a5-ad7c4419e816>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://www.deprogramyourself.org/2016/11/man-cured-cancer-with-2-natural.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283689.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00354-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.990926
| 330
| 2.484375
| 2
|
Empathy loss: Tylenol makes you care less about other people’s pain – study
In a new study, researchers from Ohio State University found that individuals who took painkillers featuring acetaminophen – an ingredient found in popular over-the-counter drugs such as Tylenol, Sudafed, Vicks and hundreds of others – were less likely to empathize with other people’s pain than those who did not take the drug.
“These findings suggest other people’s pain doesn’t seem as big of a deal to you when you’ve taken acetaminophen,” Dominik Mischkowski of the National Institutes of Health, a co-author of the study, said in a statement. “Acetaminophen can reduce empathy as well as serve as a painkiller.”
Popular painkiller increases risk of ADHD in children, study finds http://t.co/wNGa5yhvFB— RT America (@RT_America) February 25, 2014
Researchers said they don’t currently know why exactly acetaminophen acts this way on people, but that the results have important implications for everyday life that can be concerning. Roughly 52 million adults in the US use some kind of medicine featuring this ingredient every week.
“Empathy is important,” said Baldwin Way, another co-author of the study. “If you are having an argument with your spouse and you just took acetaminophen, this research suggests you might be less understanding of what you did to hurt your spouse’s feelings.”
To discover these results, researchers conducted experiments involving college students. In one, 40 students were given a drink featuring 1,000 mg of acetaminophen, while another 40 were given a drink that didn’t have the ingredient at all. The drug was given an hour to take effect, and the students were then told stories about people who experienced pain, including but not limited to being cut to the bone by a knife and losing a loved one.
Students were then asked to rate the pain experienced by the people in the stories. Those who took the drink featuring acetaminophen rated the pain as less severe than those who didn’t.
In another experiment, students were hit with four two-second blasts of white noise and asked to rate how unpleasant they were, as well as how unpleasant others may think they are. Those who took acetaminophen were less bothered by the noise – and also thought it would be less unpleasant for others.
Finally, a third experiment involved students who watched two people in a group of three exclude the third person from a game. Those who had taken acetaminophen rated that excluded person’s hurt feelings as less painful than those who hadn’t taken the drug.
“In this case, the participants had the chance to empathize with the suffering of someone who they thought was going through a socially painful experience,” Way said in a statement. “Still, those who took acetaminophen showed a reduction in empathy. They weren’t as concerned about the rejected person’s hurt feelings.”
The findings are not all that surprising, since a 2004 study showed that the part of the brain activated when someone is experiencing pain is the same part that’s activated when they try to empathize with another person’s pain. However, the researchers said that more study is needed to learn more about acetaminophen’s effects, and they also want to determine whether another painkilling ingredient ‒ ibuprofen, the main ingredient in Advil ‒ creates the same results.
|
<urn:uuid:83ae6025-e797-4bbf-abb8-3e3faed7fcfb>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
https://www.rt.com/usa/342840-acetaminophen-reduces-empathy-study/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280504.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00143-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.979549
| 761
| 2.4375
| 2
|
Web applications use connection strings to find out what database to interact with which credentials and other configuration. For example, you can instruct your web application to use X database at the server with 192.168.1.100 IP address by using Z username and Y password.
For most applications, the connection strings are stored in web.config files. It means your IP address, database name, username, and password are stored as a clear text in a file. It may not be a problem for your Development server but it is definitely a security concern for your Production servers. This is where we need to encrypt these connection strings.
|
<urn:uuid:4561b635-1856-40a7-b50c-96e1b8f3a8c0>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://port135.com/tag/encrypt-connection-string/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573163.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818033705-20220818063705-00070.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.910132
| 125
| 3
| 3
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.