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Virat in Sanskrit means brilliant. Ajinkya in Sanskrit means invincible. Rarely in cricket history have protagonist names matched their virtuoso deeds as they did for four hours on Sunday, the 28’th of December 2014 at the Melbourne Cricket Ground (MCG). Two 26 year olds put on a show. They drove and they cut and they pulled and they ran. They got hit and they got sledged. They were cheered and they were booed. But for the most part they showed the world their unique gifts and the years of promise and runs that lay ahead for a fanbase and a generation that only a year ago thought the best they would ever see had retired from the sport. Two 26 year olds put on a show that was a window to the buffet that Indian fans and cricket fans can expect over the next ten years.
This Australian team had won its last 10 tests at home. The attack is experienced (Over 150 tests) and was bowling with 500+ runs in the bank. India were down 0-2 in the series with little to no hope of retaining the Gavaskar-Border trophy. Never forget this backdrop if and when the partnership is either marginalized or normalized in the future.
Both Virat and Ajinkya had some good fortune. Some catches went abegging and some chancy strokes escaped hands they way they would not on most days. But chancy should not be equated with flukey. Both batsmen were rarely beaten outside off and used their feet flawlessly to both spin and pace. There was also not much standing and delivering. Both ran hard and had eight threes each in addition to the 39 boundaries they combined for.
An incompetent performance from the Indian bowlers over the next two days at the MCG will likely ensure India lose this test to lose control of the Border-Gavaskar trophy. Or a serendipitously sensational bowling effort ala Ajit Agarkar 2003 may help propel the team to an unforgettable win. Or Melbourne rain may choose to push the contest in to becoming that rare contemporary event – the draw!
Independent of the outcome, the 262 run stand between Virat Kohli and Ajinkya Rahane on day 3 of the 2014 Boxing day test match deserves its own page in the annals of Indian cricket history. Combining their god-given talents with a disdain for the mortal feelings of fear and caution, the two 26 year olds painted masterpieces the likes of which Indian fans get to see once every ten years or so.
The Rahul-VVS marathons at Kolkata and Adelaide are the holy grails of Indian partnerships. They broke down great teams at the peaks of their powers. The Sachin-Azhar diptych at Capetown was a desperate and brilliant work that brought smiles and solace to a resigned fanbase. The Virat-Ajinkya collaboration probably passed these all today not just for what it did on the day but for all that it promises for the future.
The long term forecast for Indian batsmanship is promising. There is brilliance in the air with a touch of invincibility.
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As one of the most popular 3D printed metamaterials, the auxetic structure with its tunable Poisson’s ratio has attracted huge amount of attention recently. In this study, we designed an auxetic shape-memory metamaterial, which showed designable buckling responses by using the thermomechanically coupled in-plane instability. The influence of viscoelasticity on in-plane moduli and Poisson’s ratios of shape-memory auxetic metamaterial was experimentally investigated. Based on the generalized Maxwell model and finite-element method, the buckling behaviors and their main influence factors were studied. The analytical results and experimental ones showed a good agreement. Thermomechanical properties of the printed metamaterials govern the temperature and strain rate-dependent buckling, and a controllable transition from the negative to positive Poisson’s ratio in the metamaterials can be achieved. Based on the shape memory effect, the buckled state and the Poisson’s ratio of the metamaterials can be tuned by programmed thermomechanical processes. This study provides a simple and efficient way to generate morphing structures using the designable buckling effect.
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WASHINGTON, Feb. 4 (UPI) -- With environmental activists telling the U.S. government to shun the Keystone XL pipeline, the White House shifted the focus to "ideological" influence.
The Sierra Club, Rainforest Action Network and more than a dozen environmental campaign groups held "protest vigils" Monday to express frustration with a State Department assessment on the Keystone XL oil pipeline.
TransCanada submitted its application to build the pipeline more than five years ago. It needs federal approval as a cross-border pipeline.
President Obama said he'd weigh the project against its environmental footprint and the State Department last week said it saw few problems with the pipeline in that regard.
Amanda Starbuck, climate director for Rainforest Action Network, said in a statement protesters took to the streets in more than 270 cities to "demonstrate their personal opposition to Keystone XL." Groups like hers say there were problems cited by the State Department that suggest the pipeline fails the climate test.
White House spokesman Jay Carney told reporters during Monday's daily press briefing outside influence should not sway the president's decision.
"It's important that everyone let that process be carried out appropriately on the merits rather than allowing it to be subjected to ideological or political influence," he said.
Republican critics of Obama backed legislation last year that would strip him of the authority to approve the pipeline.
Supporters say the 1,179-mile oil pipeline from Canada would protect the regional economy from overseas market turmoil. Opponents say the type of crude oil from Canada is too carbon intensive to produce and more likely to linger in the environment if spilled.
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Monday, Dec 5, 2011, 1:05 pm
Abortion Without Tears: Marie Annelle’s Story
Marie Annelle, a Canadian mother of two, is blogging her medical abortion at The Pursuit of Harpyness. By sharing her story, she's helping to debunk the myth that abortion is always a difficult decision. Abortion is a major decision, but sometimes circumstances afford clarity.
"For me it’s a no brainer. In one corner we have a fetus, in the other we have my job, my husband, my kids, the roof over our heads, the bills, food, etc. Yeah, no brainer there," she writes in her introductory post.
Like the vast majority of women who get abortions, Marie Annelle is in her first trimester. She was only 6 weeks pregnant when she started the abortion process. Her embryo's heartbeat was not yet visible on the ultrasound. She has no compunctions about terminating this pregnancy.
The idea that abortion is always a difficult decision presupposes that every woman at least sort of wants to be pregnant at any given time and/or that abortion is always at least sort of morally suspect.
The myth of universal regret gives ammunition to patenalistic anti-choicers who promise to protect women from the consequences of their own decisions. As a rule, rational people don't do things that they expect to regret. So, women who get abortions must not expect to regret them. But if every woman who gets an abortion regrets it, that implies that women who get abortions are irrational or self-deluded and therefore in need of protection from themselves.
When it comes to abortion stories, emotional upheavals and ethical dilemmas get more attention than calm, resolute choices. This bias creates a self-fulfilling prophecy whereby women may end up feeling worse than they otherwise would because conflict and ambivalence are written into our social script for abortion. What was the last TV show or movie you saw where an abortion was portrayed a clear choice for a character, rather than an impetus for high drama?
If your culture says that everyone who does X feels bad about it, chances are you'll feel bad too. Even if you don't actually feel bad, you may feel bad about yourself for being off-script. Of course, if you feel bad about not feeling bad, you're less likely to admit that you don't feel bad, and the bias perpetuates itself.
I'm grateful to Marie Annelle for being so forthright about her experience. She's helping to break the vicious cycle of silence.
Lindsay Beyerstein is an award-winning investigative journalist and In These Times staff writer who writes the blog Duly Noted. Her stories have appeared in Newsweek, Salon, Slate, The Nation, Ms. Magazine, and other publications. Her photographs have been published in the Wall Street Journal and the New York Times' City Room. She also blogs at The Hillman Blog (http://www.hillmanfoundation.org/hillmanblog), a publication of the Sidney Hillman Foundation, a non-profit that honors journalism in the public interest.
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MySpace is a website that teens and young adults frequently visit and post information about themselves and their friends on. Most teens say that they use MySpace only to keep in touch with their group of friends. However, when pressured, many teens admit to communicating with complete strangers through their MySpace page. On the website, users can upload pictures and audio, as well as any Journaling or other personal information that they wish to share with others.
The reasons why it is so important for parents to know about MySpace are ever growing. Internet predators are a new breed of criminals who would take advantage of your children if you or your children give them the opportunity to do so. As a parent it is your job to safeguard your children from these dangerous people and influences. You need to know about MySpace so that you can be aware of the things that your child is posting on their site and so that you can make sure that the influences present when your child is online are influences that you approve of.
Name and photo are standard
Putting at least your first name and your picture on your MySpace page are standard practices. Some users of MySpace add more personal information such as a last name, school that they are attending, after school activities. Some even go as far as to put and address and telephone number. Studies have found that the opinion of these MySpace users is that if someone were to be motivated enough to find more personal information simply based on their MySpace page, it would be possible. As parents you need to know what kind of information your child has posted on their site as well as the kind of information that may have been posted by other children (most likely close friends of your own child) on other sites that may also contain personal information about your child.
Children exercise caution as danger is perceived
It is the responsibility of parents to teach their children, at whatever age they find appropriate, about the possible dangers of MySpace or any other Internet site where personal information is available. Online predators are not generally something that parents these days were confronted with. Nevertheless, these dangers are real and you need to make sure that you educate yourself on what you need to do to protect your children.
As teens get older they tend to share more information
Older teens do not feel as threatened by the possibility of having their personal information fall into the wrong hands. Research shows that older teens and your adults are more likely to have contact (through the Internet) with individuals that they have never before met. Conversing and even sharing personal information with someone who you have never actually seen before is becoming more and more of a problem with young people. Make sure that as your children are young, that you set boundaries for them. Hopefully, knowing these expected boundaries will prevent the possibility of acting recklessly at an older age.
Boys and girls have different perceptions of privacy
Girls generally will exercise more caution when on MySpace and tend to be more likely to interact online with mainly those who they know personally. Boys are more likely to step outside of their regular group of friends and talk or chat with those that they do not know.
A motivated individual could seek to harm a child with the information provided
Even a first name and a picture provides the right person with the ability to harm your child. Ultimately, not even having this information available is the ideal situation. Encourage your child to find social interaction in a safe environment. Discourage long periods of time spent on the Internet, and make sure that your children know your expectations.
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November 5, 2008
Poll workers across county put in a long day
More than 100 people manned the voting machines at the county’s 28 polling places
Bob Ellis/staff photographer
Poll worker Jim VanNortwick explains the new voting machine to Cortland resident Dorothy Troike Tuesday afternoon at the New York State Grange headquarters on Clinton Avenue. VanNortwick has worked at the local polls since 1991.
Before casting her ballot, Cortland resident Theresa Tyrell pulled off her sock to show poll workers a discolored toe.
“I hope you don’t get too grossed out,” she said, adding that she came out to vote despite being in a lot of pain.
Poll worker Kay Smith cringed slightly and flipped through the book of voter registrations.
Smith, Jim VanNortwick and Nancy Sickmon aided Tyrell and more than 700 other voters who came to the New York State Grange Building to decide the outcome of the longest presidential campaign in U.S. history.
As one of more than 100 Cortland County poll workers, VanNortwick volunteered to work the elections after he retired from his job as a high school guidance counselor in 1991. He said he enjoys meeting new people and feels good about performing a civic duty.
“This is a free country,” he added. “Why not work to keep it that way?”
Normally, VanNortwick has drunk a cup of coffee, been to Mass at St. Mary’s Church, and stopped at McDonald’s for breakfast before 9 a.m. Poll workers are paid $160 for the day.
But on Tuesday, he found time for his cup of coffee but had barely started a crossword puzzle.
“Things have been fairly steady,” said VanNortwick, who has worked the polls for every presidential election since Bill Clinton’s first term in 1992.
“A lot more young people have come out to vote, which is good,” VanNortwick said, adding that an unusually large number of people had also used affidavit ballots, which are filled out when residents’ names cannot be found in the lists of registered voters.
The county must verify the registrations before counting these paper ballots.
By 6:30 p.m., records indicated that about 720 people — which is more than 50 percent of the precinct’s registered voters — cast their ballot in the Grange Building.
By that time, Smith had also taken over the crossword and penciled in a dozen answers to clues.
“We sort of munch our way through the day,” said Sickmon as she finished off a helping of homemade apple crisp. The workers also brought apples, chili, cookies, doughnuts and blueberry muffins to eat during the 16-hour day.
Though the stream of voters remained steady, the Grange Building did not experience the long lines reported in several major cities.
The next year might be completely different, when the county begins using 31 new electronic voting machines, VanNortwick said.
“But it looks so shiny and new,” Smith added, about the new machine, which no voters requested to use in District 6 on Tuesday.
To read this article and more, pick up today's Cortland Standard
Click here to subscribe
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Standards for occupational exposures to hot environments.
Horvath SM, Jensen RC, eds. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHEW (NIOSH) Publication No. 76-100, 1976 Jan; :1-204
Collection of papers dealing with heat stress in industry, including: whether or not a heat stress standard is needed, the methodologies for assessing heat exposure, and the results of laboratory and industry heat stress studies. Specific topics include dehydration, rehydration, and exercising, strains of exposure to heat, limits of exposure to work in hot climates, effects of age and sex on heat tolerance, heat disorders, occupational exposures to hot environments, environmental measurements, physiologic monitoring of heart rate, sweating, body temperature, and metabolic cost during the work situation. Time weighted average exposure, labor views on hot jobs, limits for exposure to heat, and practical problems of implementing the NIOSH proposed standard.
NIOSH-Grant; Grants-other; Heat-exposure; Heat-stress; Physiology; Physiological-effects; Age-factors; Sex-factors; Steel-industry; Body-fluid-balance; Environmental-stress; Hot-environments; Aluminum-industry; Glass-manufacturing-industry; Climate; Epidemiology
Industrial Health Foundation 5231 Centre Avenue Pittsburgh, PA 15232
NTIS Accession No.
(NIOSH) 76-100; Grant-Number-R13-OH-00382
Other Occupational Concerns; Grants-other
Standards for occupational exposures to hot environments
Industrial Health Foundation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Benefits of Swimming for Mental Health
With a great deal of focus being put on Mental Health Awareness recently we decided it would be the perfect time to concentrate on how swimming can help support with Mental Health and the main benefits that it can have! Most medical experts agree that any type of physical activity can have a positive effect on mental health and wellbeing, by according to recent studies by Swim England, swimming can be particularly effective.
Here are 5 of the top benefits of swimming for Mental health:
- Release endorphins
Like all exercise, swimming releases endorphins in your brain. These natural happy hormones can increase positivity and help bring about a sense of wellbeing!
- Improve your overall mood and energy levels
A recent study has shown that being immersed in water improves blood flow to the brain, increasing blood flow to the brain providing a positive impact on the brain. Swimming also helps to tone your body and can help give you increased confidence. Just 30 minutes of swimming, three times a week can help maintain a positive mental outlook and give you more energy.
- Lower stress levels
The consistent, meditative repetition of swimming and breathing can help relax and de-stress in a similar way to yoga. By relaxing your body, you can also relax your mind, soothing anxiety and signs of depression.
- Improve sleep
As with most exercise swimming can have a great impact on the quality of sleep. Swimming uses all the major muscle groups in your body, and water requires more work to move through it than air, so essentially swimming burns more calories, meaning you will feel more physically tired. As well as the physical tiredness induced through swimming, the relaxation and reduced stress levels will also contribute to a better night’s sleep. So ultimately, swim more, sleep better!
- Improve social skills
Swimming is an exercise you can do by yourself, giving you the freedom to pick and choose when you go, however swimming can be a very social activity, with leisure centres and swimming pools being a hub for the community and socialising. This atmosphere in turn can help build self-confidence through building new friendships. Swim England found that children that swim regularly with a class develop cognitive and social skills quicker than those that don’t.
If you’re looking for swimming lessons in your area or would like to learn more about the different styles of lessons that we have please get in touch with the team on – firstname.lastname@example.org
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By Jonathan Rivett
I saw that the Victorian government has announced a trial of a scheme that will give people in insecure casual work up to five days of sick or carer's leave. I understand that it's a big deal for Australia, and any change is a good change, but is it enough to make a difference?
The subject of insecure work is relevant to any Australian who cares about a fair society, but this question has particular relevance to Victorians.
We just went through months upon months of particularly tough COVID-19 restrictions because the virus, which was fairly well under control at the time, escaped from hotel quarantine in May. There's a great deal of debate about - and an official enquiry into - how that happened. A lot of attention has been paid to the government opting to use private security at hotels instead of the police or the defence force.
There are several theories about what went wrong in this regard, many of them related. Some point to poor training as being a reason for the outbreak. Others say this was simply not a job for private security guards. And others have brought up the issue of many private security employees being casual contractors.
Will offering people in casual work sick and carer's leave help to mitigate such a problem in the future? I asked Professor Mark Wooden, a Professorial Fellow in the University of Melbourne's Faculty of Business and Economics.
"One of the key ideas behind giving casual workers access to personal leave, albeit just five days a year, is to reduce the incentive to attend work when not well," Professor Wooden said. This, he told me, is "what us academic researchers refer to as presenteeism".
Presenteeism is the opposite of absenteeism, and apart from putting others at risk of infection, it's also thought to lead to massive amounts of lost productivity every year because the phenomenon entails people coming to work when they're nowhere near their best.
But Professor Wooden isn't convinced it's the right policy move.
"[It] ignores one of the fundamental features of casual employment – that it comes with no guarantee of ongoing employment," Professor Wooden said.
"Most casual workers go to work when not feeling well not because of the loss of income from not working on that day, but because of the much more severe income consequences of not being offered shifts in the future. I thus expect this scheme will do very little to reduce presenteeism among many casual employees, and certainly not those working in relatively low-skilled jobs who are easily replaced."
To answer your question, the change may not make a difference, not because of a lack of generosity in its terms but because it could be addressing the wrong part of a significant problem.
Work Therapy is going on holiday for a few weeks. Thanks to everyone who read and wrote in during 2020. If you'd like to have a question answered in 2021, send it through to email@example.com
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By Dr. Maqsood Jafri
The core and crux of all divine religions is the purification of soul and development of human personality. The poetry of Iqbal swings around the pivot of recognition and awareness of Ego. The Holy Quran values the Moral Man. In Surah Al-Shams (The Sun) it is said: “By the soul and Him that molded it and inspired it with (knowledge of) sin and piety; blessed shall be the man who has kept it pure and ruined will be he that has corrupted it.”
French philosopher Henry Bergson also called Moral Man as an Ideal Man. His social philosophy preached the importance of the didactic norms. Morality is a vast term. It covers all aspects of the behavior and conduct of a person. It also means a man of positive and noble behavior. Muslim thinker Abdul Karim Al-Jaily called such a person “Insan-e-Kamil” (Perfect Man). Dr. Iqbal calls such a person “Mard-e-Momin” (Faithful Man). The ideal man of Iqbal is a responsible figure in society with self-consciousness and is self-cognizant. The Holy Quran calls such a person a “Virtuous Man”.
Piety is the only criterion of superiority mentioned in the Quran. In Surah Al-Layl (The Night), the Quran says: “For him that gives (in charity) and guards himself (by obeying Allah) and believes in goodness, We shall smooth the path of salvation; but for him that neither gives nor seeks Allah’s reward, and disbelieves in goodness, We shall smooth the path of affliction. When he breaths his last, his riches will not avail him.”
According to Iqbal when an individual attains the apex of nobility and piety, he becomes the Man of Faith. The word faith is not used in traditional sense of religion in the poetry of Dr. Iqbal. According to Iqbal faith is not a cult. It is not blind faith as Mathew Arnold and Aldus Huxley believed in rational faith, similarly the concept of faith in the Quran and in the poetry of Iqbal is not based on taboos, whims, conjectures and superstitions.
A man of consciousness and conscience is a Man of Faith. The Quranic word “Taqwa” (piety) is the core of the development of human ego. The words culture and civilization represent the mindset, conduct and lifestyle of a nation. As Iqbal was an exponent of the Quranic teachings and way of life, he stressed on the need of a culture and social system based on monotheism, humanism, justice, moderation, progression, fraternity, equality, tolerance and love. In straight and simple words it can be said that spontaneous overflow of collective behaviors, values, standards, norms and creeds that represent the toto image of society.
The English lexicol edited in 1510 A.D. defines culture in the following words: “improvement and refinement by education and training.” Thomas Hobbes defined culture as: “education in children is called culture of their minds.” In the words of Arnold culture is: “Acquainting ourselves with the best that has been known or said in the world.” Iqbal was quite conscious to bringing educational profundity and virtuosity in Muslim culture that can excel in quality.
The European insipid, insidious and insolent culture in which the family life has badly suffered at the cost of so called personal liberty. J.S. Mill in his book titled “On Liberty”, has explicitly annotated on the concept of liberty. He opines that liberty is not limitless. Whether it is personal liberty or social liberty, it has bounds and bindings. It is highly sorrowful that in the West, in the name of liberty the ethical values are being trampled under jack boots. Islamic culture promotes the culture of humanity, creativity and dynamism.
Dr. Iqbal while commenting the influence of Greek philosophy on Muslims writes though Nasir-ud-Deen Toosi and Abu Rehan Al-Beruni were under the impact of Greek philosophy yet they were of the opinion that the universe is not static but dynamic. A Muslim thinker Iraqi considered universe static. The father of modern Physics Albert Einstein whose literary and academic book titled “Out of My Later Years”, while opining on the Theory of Time and Space has influenced science and society on dynamic and relative values. Bertrand Russell was also a great exponent of the Theory of Relativity. His book “ABC of Relativity” is a unique book on the modern concept of Physics about Time and Space.
This notion proves to be quite advantageous and beneficial in the realm of science but it left very hazardous impact on the moral values. The Quran believes in the absoluteness of good and bad. Iqbal while supporting the Quranic viewpoint also believed in absolute values. Good is good and bad is bad. When William Shakespeare maintained that there is no good or bad only thinking makes it so, it created great humbug and crisis in the social and moral values. Islam does not believe in the relativity of good and bad. Suppose, we all consider theft as a negative value.
Similarly, Truth is a positive value accepted in all human cultures. Actually, some Western thinkers could not differentiate and decipher between dynamism and relativity. Iqbal specially mentions Muslim thinkers like Al-Jahiz and Ibn-e-Mussqoya regarding the dynamic concept of universe. He strongly opposes the static society and noxious culture based on retrogression and staleness. Iqbal in his lecture titled “The Spirit of Islamic Culture” candidly expostulates that Islamic culture is based on rational education, divinity, revelation and scientific outlook.
He looks at Islamic culture in totality in which the Real and Ideal merge into each other for the establishment of a progressive way of life. He proposes the development of Egohood for the promotion of positive values that ultimately establish a human culture based on justice. He says: “but in as much as the average man demands a material centre of nationality, the Muslim looks for it in the Holy town of Mecca, so that the basis of Muslim nationality combines the real and the ideal, the concrete and the abstract.” (Hindustan review Vol. XX July-Dec. 1909) Iqbal considers Man as a co-worker and co-creator with God. In a Persian poem he says:
“Thou created mud and I created a goblet from it.” He considers non-creative minds futile, static and considers creativity as a special boon endowed upon special minds by the divine Providence. In an Urdu couplet he says:
“The new world emerges by new thoughts; the worlds are not created by pebbles and boulders.” The freedom of Egohood makes one creative and innovative. In his poem titled “Ahram-e-Misr” (The Pyramids of Egypt), he lauds the skill of the builders and appreciates their imaginative and craftsmanship. In another poem titled “Musavvar” (Painter), he highly admires the imaginative and creative mind of the painter and says:
“You have shown Nature to us and have also seen it with your naked eyes; show us now thy Ego in the mirror of Nature as well.” Iqbal had exceptional prescience and by the dint of foresight, he foretold the fate and future of many nations. He had predicted the reawakening of China and its being a Super Power in the future. He had said:
“The long slumbered Chinese are now waking up. The fountains of the Himalayan have started springing.”
It is the miraculous power of imagination that unveils upon us the secrets of futurity. Dr. Ihsan Akbar in his Urdu book titled “Iqbaliyat” writes: “It is not the dexterity of the Iqbal’s concept of culture that in this notion the East and the West are blended. Neither it is correct to say that we identify Iqbal as a stalwart of the combination of classical and modern thought. Besides all this, his greatness lies in his intuitive grid that he introduced us to our originality because without that we could not unite and discover our inner human Ego.”
Dr. Moeen-ud-Deen Aqeel in his book titled “Iqbal and Modern Islamic World”, writes that the awakening call of Dr. Iqbal brought an iconoclastic revolution in the Muslim world. The wave of enlightenment swayed the Muslims and embedded them with rational, scientific and democratic movements. The states that suppress Ego are dictatorial, monarchic and fascist states.
A healthy, sound and confident society cannot be established by suppressing free will, freedom of expression, human dignity, creativity and individuality. Besides dictatorship the Greek, Hindu and Christian modes and chains of mysticism had also damaged human Ego and Muslim society. The beliefs in Quietism and pre-destination totally marred human psychology, activity and progression. Islam is quite antagonistic against traditional mysticism that leads to inactivity and inertia. Islamic concept of spiritualism and Gnosticism differs and collides with the concepts of other religions. Islam being a progressive and practical religion believes in action and movement and annuls static and stagnant way of life.
(The writer is an eminent author, poet, scholar, columnist and political activist based in Islamabad.)
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|Ordered||20 Oct 1939|
|Laid down||1 Nov 1940||Deutsche Werft AG, Hamburg (werk 305)|
|Launched||19 Aug 1941|
|Commissioned||4 Nov 1941||Korvkpt. Karl-Heinz Wolff|
|Successes||5 ships sunk, total tonnage 29,091 GRT|
3 ships damaged, total tonnage 20,014 GRT
1 ship a total loss, total tonnage 7,129 GRT
Sunk on 15 July 1943 in the North Atlantic south of the Azores, in position 34.02N, 26.01W, by a Fido homing torpedo from an Avenger aircraft (VC-29 USN/T-12), assisted by a Wildcat aircraft (VC-29 USN/F-7), of the US escort carrier USS Santee. 54 dead (all hands lost).
Attacks on this boat and other events
11 Nov 1942
While operating against the Allied Torch landings off Morocco the boat operated for three days in waters less than 200 ft (61m) deep, and Witte reported being constantly bombed and depth charged by Allied surface vessels and aircraft. Damage forced her to move to deeper water and then to France. (Sources: Blair, vol 2, page 108)
10 Feb 1943
After sinking the British merchantman Queen Anne, U-509 was fired on by ASW trawler HMS St. Zeno, which also dropped seven depth charges before the boat managed to escape. No damage. (Sources: Blair, vol 2, page 229)
2 recorded attacks on this boat.
Men lost from U-boats
Unlike many other U-boats, which during their service lost men due to accidents and various other causes, U-509 did not suffer any casualties (we know of) until the time of her loss.
We have 1 emblem entry for this boat. See the emblem page for this boat or view emblems individually below.
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How to Add a Song to an iPhone Without Syncing
By Christina Shaffer
iTunes automatically syncs your iPhone with your current iTunes library each time you connect the device to your PC. Depending on the size of your music collection, however, the process can be inconvenient and take several minutes to complete. To add songs to the iPhone without synching your entire library, access the program’s settings and disable the automatic sync option. After switching the sync setting, you can manually transfer songs to the device each time you connect it to your computer.
Connect the iPhone to the computer. If iTunes doesn’t launch automatically, open the program manually.
Click your iPhone in the Devices section of the navigation pane on the left.
Click the “Summary” tab.
Enable “Manually manage music and videos.” Click “Apply” to enable manual synchronization for the device.
Click Music in the Library pane and select your preferred song. Click and drag the highlighted song to the iPhone icon to transfer the file to the device.
Christina Shaffer is a freelance writer based in New Jersey and has been writing arts and entertainment articles since 2005. Her articles have appeared in "Philadelphia City Paper." Shaffer received a B.A. in journalism and gender studies at Rutgers University.
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Brazil will release its economic growth figures for the first three months of the year on Wednesday. Finance Minister Henrique
Brazil will release its economic growth figures for the first three months of the year on Wednesday.
Finance Minister Henrique Meirelles says the economy grew between 0.7% and 0.8% in the first quarter, although economists think 0.5% is more realistic. But even if Meirelles’ optimism is well-founded, Brazil is still far from shaking off its two-year recession.
While the country’s economic fundamentals are stabilising, the economy faces severe political headwinds. Various corruption scandals—Petrobras, Odebrecht and the meat industry, to name but a few—have rocked the political class in recent years. It was unsurprising then when Mr Temer himself came under investigation earlier this month, allegedly for endorsing the payment of hush money to a jailed politician.
Temer denies wrongdoing and refuses to resign. But the investigation could significantly delay, if not altogether halt, the president’s ambitious and much-needed reforms to a lavish social security system and over-regulated labour market.
While promise of reforms had boosted investor confidence, news of an unravelling Temer investigation threatens to undo this progress; the country’s stock market fell 9% on the day the probe was announced.
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HAMILTON, Ontario, February 8, 2013, (LifeSiteNews.com) – Trustees of the Hamilton public school board have unanimously updated an anti-bullying policy they say “protects everyone,” but concerned parents and pro-family leaders say otherwise.
“The Sexual Orientation Strand of the Equity Policy labels students, families and who view natural marriage as ‘heterosexist’ and those who are not supportive of homosexual expression as ‘homophobic’”, said Jim Enos, president of the Hamilton-Wentworth Family Action Council.
“Clearly this is bullying those who do not bow to the state worldview,” he said.
The Hamilton-Wentworth District School Board (H-WDSB) updated its existing anti-bullying policy in January to reflect the language used in the province’s Accepting Schools Act (Bill 13) passed in June 2012. The board’s Action Plan to curb bullying has also been updated with the goal of providing “safe, inclusive and respectful learning environments for all staff and students.”
The updated policy requires schools to “support pupils who want to establish and lead activities or organziations [sic] that promote a sage [sic] and inclusive learning environment”. It also states that principals “may not refuse the name of gay-straight alliance or a similar name for certain organzations [sic].”
The updated policy also requires the board to provide teachers with “curriculum-linked training strategies on bullying-prevention and intervention”.
Fr. Geoffrey Korz, general secretary of the Pan-Orthodox Association of Greater Hamilton, said the updated policy operates on a “double- standard”.
Fr. Korz says the policy promotes and funds protections and programs for LGBT groups while offering none of the same to religious student groups, whom he says are increasingly exposed to violence and bullying.
“Right now, the Board has one set of rules for most student clubs, but extra requirements targeting faith-based clubs. Board policy even labels students of any traditional faith as ‘homophobic’, directly targeting traditional Christian, Hindu, Buddhist, Muslim, and Jewish families for ‘re-education’”, he said.
The Pan-Orthodox Association of Greater Hamilton is calling for the resignation of H-WDSB Superintendent Pamela Reinholdt, who is responsible for bullying prevention. They say she told the group, “Christians are the problem”.
“Superintendent Reinholdt should resign. She has failed for years to be an advocate for the equal protection of all students, and has targeted a single faith group as the source of bullying in schools,” said Fr. Korz.
Enos agrees with Korz’s assessment. “I wonder if this 'protection for all' policy will see H-WDSB put in equal money and effort into supporting 'Christ-World’ alliance clubs which would have equal opportunity for posters in the hall, inclusive instruction portraying Christians as victims of oppression, [and promotion of] Christian heroes,” he said.
Critics have pointed out that “gender and sexual orientation” remains at the bottom of the list of reasons why students are bullied. Surveys have found that body-image/appearance, school grades/marks, and cultural background/ethnicity are the top reasons children are bullied.
The H-WDSB ran a survey last year where 10,020 students were asked questions about bullying behaviors. The board found that “bullying regarding appearance was the most reported reason for bullying students who were victims of bullying (around 21 percent), students who witnessed bullying (36-44 percent) and students engaged in bullying (around 13 percent).”
“Appearance far exceeded any other reasons for being a victim of, witnessing or engaging in bullying/harassment,” the board found.
The survey found that in reference to bullying related to religion/faith, 4-5 percent of students reported being a victim of such bullying, 12-16 percent reported witnessing such bullying, and 3-4 percent reported engaging in such bullying.
The board also mentioned that “sexual orientation” was a reason for bullying, but it did not provide a percentage.
The 2012 H-WDSB survey is comparable to the results of a 2006 survey by the Toronto District School Board, which found that among approximately 105,000 students in the Toronto area, the most common type of bullying was bullying based on body image. The second most common form was over grades.
Critics say that anti-bullying policies that focus on curbing bullying based on sexual orientation do more to advance a political agenda than to protect vulnerable children.
“The Board’s double standard should force every parent of faith to think twice about enrolling their child in H-WDSB schools,” he said.
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Equator Prize goes to Mediterranean Conservation Society for its community based marine biodiversity conservation studiesJun 10, 2014
Mediterranean Conservation Society, supported by GEF SGP and UNDP for its marine conservation studies, became one of the winners of Equator Prize 2014.
Ankara - Equator Prize 2014 has been granted to thirty-five initiatives which represent outstanding local achievement in advancing sustainable development solutions for people, nature and resilient communities.
Following a global call for nominations, the Equator Initiative received a record-setting 1,234 nominations from 121 countries around the world.
An extensive review process guided by the Technical Advisory Committee of international experts was undertaken over the last several months, concluding with the announcement of the thirty-five winners.
Mediterranean Conservation Society is the winner from Turkey
Developed in response to marine ecosystem degradation, declining fish diversity and abundance, and associated losses to fishermen's incomes, the Mediterranean Conservation Society has created a network of ‘no fishing zones’ that put local fishing communities in the lead of marine biodiversity conservation.
Focusing on the southern Mediterranean coast of Turkey, the organization is enforcing ‘no take zones’ and effectively communicating the value of sustainable fishing techniques in ensuring the long-term viability of the local fishing industry.
Community-based enforcement strategies are complemented by cooperation with regional and national authorities.
Fish stocks have grown dramatically, as have the average incomes of cooperative members.
Patrolling activities confirm rejuvenated marine species diversity and abundance in the bay, an important nursing ground for species that include sandbar sharks.
Hence, the Society became the winner of the Prize from Turkey.
The ceremony is on September
Twenty-six winners will be supported to attend a high-level awards ceremony at Lincoln Center in New York on Monday, September 22nd 2014 as a contribution to the UN Secretary-General’s Climate Summit.
The Equator Prize is awarded biennially to recognize and advance local sustainable development solutions for people, nature and resilient communities.
As local and indigenous groups across the world chart a path towards sustainable development, the Equator Prize shines a spotlight on their efforts by honoring them on an international stage.
To learn more about the Prize, please click here.
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The biggest losers will be the farmers as feeding animals is a day-to-day burden.
The recent ban on the sale of cattle for slaughter in agricultural markets has led to much debate on the freedom of choice on food and religion. But the biggest implication will be on the multi-million dollar industry dependent on cattle for its existence, including dairy, meat and leather production and trade.
The enviroment and forests ministry had notified the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (Regulation of Livestock Markets) Rules 2017, banning trading in cattle (cows, bull, buffalo and camel) for slaughter at animal markets, sometime last week. The Madras high court has ordered a four-week stay on the ban as of now.
Experts value the cattle trade industry, which includes all three components of dairy, leather and meat, at around $5 million.
There are numerous other byproducts which will also be affected like pharmaceuticals, poultry feed, paintbrush and handicraft industry. Of this, export in both buffalo meat and in leather products have declined in 2016-17 for the second straight year. Exporters say global markets are responsible for the fall in the last two years, but if the environment ministry’s new rules aren’t changed, the slump can be a massive one.
In the entire spectrum, the meat business will be the most affected as 90-95 per cent of cattle is procured from the markets. If the markets don’t function, it will have an adverse impact, as 90 per cent of the supply comes from the markets.
The biggest losers will be the farmers as feeding animals is a day-to-day burden. Government statistics show that the average income for marginal and middle-income farmers in India is a little over Rs 1 lakh a year. Of that, if he sells one buffalo for meat, he gets Rs 30,000-35,000, which is a lot of money for him. The second rung to be affected are employees, which are more than 25 lakh.
The ban has been questioned by many state governments and the Opposition parties for infringing on the federal rights of states as well as dictating people’s right to food of their choice.
West Bengal chief minister Mamata Banerjee has even threatened to go to court. Kerala and Tamil Nadu, the two major beef-eating states apart from the Northeast, have seen large-scale protests. Kerala chief minister Pinarayi Vijayan has even called for a conclave of chief ministers to discuss the issue.
This has forced the Centre to rethink the ban and it is now considering excluding buffalo meat from the ban.
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What is the risk of following your dreams?
There is a lot to unpack in this succinct question, so let’s take a moment to break it down: To answer the question, we must first define our dreams (in this case, we’ll use “dream” to refer to a passion project, like starting a business, rather than, say, sailing around the world on a 46-foot yacht); then, explain the potential risks and rewards that go along with chasing our dreams; and finally, we must forecast the likelihood of potential outcomes to occur.
Whew, that is a lot to take on at once. I struggle with it on the best of days. Let’s roll up our sleeves and get started, shall we?
First, let’s take some time to talk about our dreams.
For the context of our discussion, dreams do not have to be exact goals, nor do they have to have specific time constraints. Instead, let’s think of dreams as passion projects we wish to be working on in the future. From this baseline, dreams can take on any additional level of detail you desire.
In any context, dreams should act as our north star, serving as a compass to help guide us through all the tough decisions we must make in the short-term.
And let’s be honest, the above graphic is wildly optimistic. Real life looks something more like this:
Now that we’ve established a north star, let’s take a moment to think about the journey we’ll take to get there, or in other words, those little troughs in the diagram above. Did you notice how one of them actually goes below our stick figure’s feet? That’s the rough patch we need to think about next.
When faced with all the complexity and all the unknowns in life, I ask a simple question (a “hack” in today’s lingo): What is the worst that can happen?
Our initial inclination is usually a financially focused, short-term risk, such as, “I could lose my job.” For some reading this, that makes the risks and rewards of pursuing your dreams seem much more like “risk” than “reward.”
The thought of losing one’s job is certainly a daunting proposition, but how much will this temporary status affect your long-term standard of living?
Actually, before you answer that question, let’s take a look at our dire situation from another angle: How much money do you need to make in order to be happy?
This is not to say that money buys happiness—far from it—but there is a certain financial threshold that goes along with everyone’s lifestyle choices that we all must acknowledge. According to a study by Purdue University, there is a certain dollar amount at which people are satiated: “We found that the ideal income point is $95,000 for life evaluation and $60,000 to $75,000 for emotional well-being. Again, this amount is for individuals and would likely be higher for families.”
All right, enough on this subject for now. Let’s get back to our original programming.
In some cases, sacrificing our financial floor—our standard of living requirements—will be the greatest risk we face. However, before settling on finances as the final answer of the worst-case scenario, we also must consider another opportunity cost as part of this risk/ return equation: time.
Opportunity cost is the difference in returns on the option you chose versus the next-best option. With time, you may weigh the potential outcomes of entering college right away versus taking time off to travel. Or, you may weigh the emotional return on spending time with your family versus working overtime to save more money. Remember, this is not the same as considering “sunk costs,” or the money/time that you already put into one option after which you realize the other option had a better return.
Time is the great equalizer. It is the one thing in life we cannot get back once it is gone. Looking back at our north star diagram for a moment, we may realize that while we may face some short-term financial risk, our bigger risk is the time we have available to reach our goal.
We have a set number of days in our lives and with that comes a fixed number of opportunities. Money can (and will) ebb and flow. Emotions will do the same. They are the real roller coaster I was trying to plot out in our journey to a north star.
Given this context, each decision you make to evaluate the risks and rewards of pursuing your dreams can be examined in its proper light: Does it move us incrementally closer to our dream in a satisfactory amount of time?
In some cases, the short-term risks we face may cause us to sacrifice the potential return of making a marginal amount of progress towards our dream.
However, as is so often the case, the short-term risk—whether it is financial, emotional or something entirely different—will be outweighed by the simple reminder in the title of this article: life is short.
Get working on making your dream a reality.
[Editor’s Note: To learn more about this and related topics, you may want to attend the following webinars: The Very Basics – Forming the Business and Goal-Based Investing – Planning for Key Life Events. This is an updated version of an article originally published on January 29, 2018.]
©All Rights Reserved. June, 2020. DailyDAC™, LLC d/b/a/ Financial Poise™
Tom Kirby is the founder of Chicago-based file sharing service PrepDD. Before that he was Vice President of Business Strategy and Director of Finance and Operation for VIN-specific auto marketing technology company LotLinx, also of Chicago.
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Help SONG Celebrate 20 Years of Working with Sexual Minorities of Color in the South
All photos via SONG’s Flikr page
The South often gets a bad rep for being close-minded, non-inclusive and backward. While this may be true in certain circumstances, there is a whole lotta love going on in South, with people who are willing to put themselves on the line and stand up for what they believe in.
This was the thought going through my head when I shared lunch with Salem Acuña, Virginia Field Officer for Southerners on New Ground (SONG). Acuña and his colleagues have been busy preparing for SONG’s 20th anniversary celebrations, which includes an interactive workshop On Wednesday the 23rd and a dance party fundraiser on Saturday the 26th.
Acuña laughs when I tell him SONG truly does God’s work. If you’re not aware, SONG is a queer liberation organization made up of “people of color, immigrants, undocumented people, people with disabilities, working class and rural and small town, LGBTQ people in the South”. If this sounds like tough but extremely needed work, it’s because it is.
Acuña at a recent SONG Event
What keeps Acuña going with his work in SONG, is knowing the organization makes a difference in the lives of LGBTQ in the South, and also because he truly believes in the goodness of people.
Take Jessica Jude, for example. SONG has provided Jessica with a community she feels is radically proactive in bettering the lives of LGBTQs, whilst also building friendships with those who share her beliefs.
“I started following the work SONG was doing in 2011 when I was a student at VCU” said Jude. “ I was just starting to move around different activist circles in Richmond, and many of the spaces I went to were really not for me. After being really frustrated with different things happening around social movement in Richmond, I had coffee with Hermelinda [Cortes], who is one of our Virginia staff people for SONG. I met new people who were committed to intersectional work around the struggles of LGBTQ people in the south and built stronger relationships with people I knew in town but didn’t know we shared the same values around collective liberation until we came together through SONG.”
While SONG may be celebrating 20 years of existence in 2013, the Virginia branch started up just a few years ago. SONG Virginia went on a ‘road trip’ to towns big and small all over the state. They interviewed folks and learned what LGBTQs in this state were experiencing and where they felt SONG could help them most. Acuña recalls most of the small towns still had some form of an active LGBQT scene, with small Pride festivals even being held in back yards over a barbecue.
Some of SONG’s video work showing issues faced by sexual minorities of color in the south:
It is this sense of grassroots sensibilities that SONG wants to celebrate this week. It is no easy feat for an organization dealing with such sensitive subject matter to reach two decades, so let’s help them celebrate!
On Wednesday the 23rd, a workshop on “building an intersectional LGBTQ movement” will be held downtown at the University of Richmond, from 6.00-8.00pm. On Saturday the 26th, come celebrate not only 20 years of SONG’s good work, but also 10 years of he Richmond Reproductive Freedom Project.
The two not-for-profits are joining forces for a formal reception at 6pm, followed by an over-21 dance party (with a cash bar!) at the Gay Community Center. There is a suggested donation of $10-20, but SONG ensures no one will be turned away for lack of funds.
SONG, the South thanks you for 20 years of amazing work!
Please go here http://southernersonnewground.org/ for more details about SONG, and here http://southernersonnewground.org/2013/10/20yearsinvirginia/ for event information.
Southerners on New Ground aims to improve life for LGBTQs and people of color by educating those who oppress
“We’re a liberation organization that focuses primarily on racial and economic justice for any and all people that live in those intersections and deal with it on a day to day”December 15, 2016
- Two events this weekend aim to highlight RVA’s LGBTQ Latinx communities, July 14, 2016
- Kathy Griffin talks Caitlyn Jenner, the Supreme Court’s marriage decision, and eating in a stranger’s house ahead of multiple Virginia dates, June 8, 2015
- ‘Stone Butch Blues’ Author and Transgender Warrior Leslie Feinberg Dead at 65, November 17, 2014
- Prev Teen Vogue’s Fashion University Taught Lessons in Fashion and Life
- Next Explaining The Affordable Care Act and Its Impact on Older LGBTs
- Back to top
- UPDATED: Official White House website scrubbed of LGBTQ content
- Suffolk Police Department Appoints Two LGBTQ Community Liaison Officers
- Gallup poll: Record number of Americans identify as LGBTQ
- BREAKING: Bill to allow a “person” to deny services for same-sex weddings passes Virginia House subcommittee
- BREAKING: Bill to add LGBTQ protections to Virginia’s Human Rights Act killed in House subcommittee
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As a teenage ham radio operator, I took the Motorola microprocessor course at Chapman college in 1978 because the teacher was my friend, N5BO. I learned how to code in 6800 machine language and, eventually also assembler. Fast forward to high school's PDP-11/45 and then afterwards, the PDP-11/44 at the Weisman Institute in Rehovot, Israel for the summer and Los Alamos National Laboratory's photochemistry division's Data General Iron.
The trick was that back then the state of the art of computer programming was so rudimentary that anybody could learn. On top of that, since computers were all designed by electrical engineering majors, all the documentation was written by and for people with such an education and I, having been a ham radio operator since age 13 was one of them, it was very comfortable sliding into programing.
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- Press Release
- August 14, 2022
Joint USAF/NOAA Solar Geophysical Activity Report and Forecast 6 May 2022
Joint USAF/NOAA Solar Geophysical Activity Report and Forecast
SDF Number 126 Issued at 2200Z on 06 May 2022
IA. Analysis of Solar Active Regions and Activity from 05/2100Z to 06/2100Z: Solar activity has been at low levels for the past 24 hours. The largest solar event of the period was a C4 event observed at 06/1622Z from Region 3004 (S16W42). There are currently 3 numbered sunspot regions on the disk.
IB. Solar Activity Forecast: Solar activity is likely to be moderate with a chance for X-class flares on days one, two, and three (07 May, 08 May, 09 May).
IIA. Geophysical Activity Summary 05/2100Z to 06/2100Z: The geomagnetic field has been at quiet levels for the past 24 hours. Solar wind speed reached a peak of 445 km/s at 06/0338Z. Total IMF reached 17 nT at 06/0301Z. The maximum southward component of Bz reached -4 nT at 06/0553Z. Electrons greater than 2 MeV at geosynchronous orbit reached a peak level of 1354 pfu.
IIB. Geophysical Activity Forecast: The geomagnetic field is expected to be at quiet to unsettled levels on days one and two (07 May, 08 May) and quiet levels on day three (09 May). Protons have a slight chance of crossing threshold on days one, two, and three (07 May, 08 May, 09 May).
III. Event probabilities 07 May-09 May
Class M 60/60/60
Class X 25/25/25
IV. Penticton 10.7 cm Flux
Observed 06 May 119
Predicted 07 May-09 May 118/118/116
90 Day Mean 06 May 119
V. Geomagnetic A Indices
Observed Afr/Ap 05 May 004/004
Estimated Afr/Ap 06 May 005/005
Predicted Afr/Ap 07 May-09 May 007/008-008/008-005/005
VI. Geomagnetic Activity Probabilities 07 May-09 May
A. Middle Latitudes
Minor Storm 05/05/01
Major-severe storm 01/01/01
B. High Latitudes
Minor Storm 25/25/20
Major-severe storm 30/30/10
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A mobile power station is rapidly ending up being an essential tool for households and also businesses, specifically those who need to venture out or function remotely (think outdoor employees, emergency situation services and so on), bringing the magic of electrical energy to far-ranging areas. For instance, contemporary mobile power station can power a small heater in the depths of winter season or an air-conditioning system in summertime’s hottest days.
When purchasing one, output power and also battery freedom are one of the most crucial requirements we look for while simplicity of use and also the number of electrical outlets are additionally vital elements. The capability to charge quickly along with long-life batteries complete the feature checklist of a modern portable power station.
Whio Is Bluetti?
The Bluetti Technology company, established in 2016, concentrates on all-in-one power storage items. They just recently finished a very successful Indiegogo funding for their front runner product, the AC200P, amassing over $6.7 M throughout the project. This is presently deemed the portable power station to beat by the competition thanks to its lengthy attribute checklist, large battery system as well as a/c inverter.
What is a Bluetti power pack?
The Bluetti EB55 is a fully self-supporting, mobile power source that can be made use of to power as well as reenergize a selection of electric tools for circumstances where routine 240-volt mains power is not available such as when totally free camping. At its heart is a lightweight Lithium (LiFePO4) battery that powers a 700-watt 240-volt pure sinewave inverter, several USB electrical outlets, and also a selection of 12-volt outlets. The system is charged by either a 240-volt power adapter, a 12-volt auto resource, or by plugging in a solar panel making use of the in-built MPPT solar controller.
What can a bluetti power station power?
The Bluetti EB55 can power or recharge practically any device you can possibly imagine as long as it is within its power limits. As an example, the 700-watt inverter can easily power a tiny cars and truck fridge, power device battery recharger, a CPAP machine, as well as even a caravan-style washing machine. The 100-watt USB-C electrical outlet has actually sufficient grunt to recharge an Apple MacBook Pro. We quickly recharged a range of USB gadgets including a portable speaker and a pest zapper and also I handled to run our 12-volt TV from the automobile electrical outlet.
Out of rate of interest, the two small 10-amp 12-volt electrical outlets alongside the cigarette lighter electrical outlet work with HardKORR’s LED camp light system. Extremely helpful certainly.
High power result and battery ability
Advanced battery innovation
3500 charging cycles
700W of solar charging
Rugged yet elegant style
Weight of 60.6 lbs.
LCD evaluate hard to check out in brilliant sunshine
Ordinary a/c billing speed
Bluetti AC200MAX Power Station Key Specifications
- 2048 Wh Lithium Ion Phosphate (LiFePO4) battery
- Battery life cycle 3500+ charges to 80%, 6000+ charges to 50%.
- 2200 W continual power, 4800W surge.
- Integrated battery management system (BMS).
- Pure sine wave a/c inverter.
- 900W (10-145V) solar input.
- Outlets: NEMA TT-30, 2 x 5V/3A USB Type-A, 2 x 18W USB Type-A, 100W USB-C, 12V/30A
- Super DC, 24V/10A, 2 x 15W wireless cost pads, 4 x 100-120V air conditioner electrical outlets.
- Touchscreen LCD display.
- Sustains hot-swapping for external development battery (up to two B230s or B300s).
- Sustains dual-charging.
- Bluetooth application monitoring and also firmware upgrade.
- Operating temperature range (discharging) -4 to 104 F.
- 15.2 x 16.5 x 11-inches, evaluates 61.9 lb.
- Consists of 500W AC adapter, solar billing cable television, cars and truck charging cable television.
- 2-year guarantee.
- MSRP $2,099.
The BLUETTI AC200MAX is a terrific huge solar energy terminal that can take care of nearly any electrical demand for an ordinary person. Being independent of the power grid supplies assurance knowing you can keep necessary appliances running. It’s also a fantastic system to take camping for off-grid experiences if you can handle the 62-pound battery, with the choice to recharge by means of the sun. Nonetheless, if you intend to power the AC200MAX up quickly, you won’t do that out of the box with the minimal 500W adapter.
BLUETTI’s AC200MAX remains in the realm of something that almost everyone should have. This solar generator can significantly impact exactly how you travel or manage electric emergencies from a comfort to an essential point ofview. Knowing that despite the circumstance, if you have a BLUETTI AC200MAX, you can power virtually any normal home appliance or tool thanks to the capacity and also power outcome.
If you benefit from all the recharging choices readily available for the AC200MAX, you can power it up very rapidly to maintain precisely opting for as much as 1,400 W of input. But, the 500W air conditioning adapter that features the system is both literally big and a bit on the smaller side for its output. Don’t get me wrong. It finishes the job; it’s simply a little slow-moving.
Nonetheless, as a total plan, the BLUETTI AC200MAX is a champion. By itself, the power station supplies exceptional efficiency and also is fairly portable. As a system, the AC200MAX brings a great deal to the table with expanding ability and charging choices. These are the reasons that the BLUETTI AC200MAX is worth thinking about for your house.
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"The Sweet 16" baby quilt is a quick and easy project made from sixteen quilt blocks. Each block begins with a 10"x10" square so this quilt sews together quickly. Sweet! Once the half-square triangle blocks are sewn together they can be arranged to form a variety of familiar patterns. The quilt finishes out at 37"x37" making it the perfect size for a donation quilt. So let's get started!
For this project you will need:
8 - white/neutral 10"x10" squares
8 - print 10"x10" squares
Backing - 1 1/4 yd cotton fabric cut 42"x45"
Binding - 1/3 yd cotton fabric cut (4) 2 1/2" strips. (Please note there will only
be a few inches to spare, so plan accordingly.)
Batting - cotton quilt batting cut 41"x41"
Finished size of quilt: 37"x37" square
Step 1: Draw a diagonal line across each of the 8 white squares with a marking pen/pencil. Match each white square with a print square, being careful to match the crosswise stretch of one
block with the lengthwise stretch of the second block. Pin right sides together.
Step 3: To ensure stability, press seam with spray starch before cutting.
Step 4: Place ruler on marked line, between the two rows of stitching, and cut apart.
Step 5: On each block, press toward the darker fabric.
Step 6: Trim bunny ears from the corners.
Step 7: This is where it gets fun! Lay the blocks in a pattern that pleases you. Here are a few ideas to get you started...
The Half-Square Triangle
Step 8: The following instructions are the same regardless of the layout you choose.
Each quilt is made from four vertical “columns” and four horizontal “rows”.
Step 9: Fold column 2 back on top of column 1, placing right sides together. Pin blocks. Stitch 1/4" seam. If you chain piece each block and do not cut the connecting threads, it may help keep your blocks in order as the rows are sewn together.
Step 10: Lay column 3 on top of column 2, placing right sides together. Pin blocks and stitch seam.
Step 11: Lay column 4 on top of column 3, placing right sides together. Pin blocks and stitch seams.
Step 12: At this point all the rows are horizontally sewn together and connected by the chain stitching threads. This helps hold blocks in correct order, however some may find they can more accurately stitch if the threads are snipped.
Step 13: Drape quilt over ironing board and alternately press rows to right or left. This will allow the seams to nestle together and form a crisp seam. Pin rows together and stitch each seams with a 1/4" seam allowance.
Step 14: Press final three seams open to reduce bulk.
Step 15: Square up quilt top. Using your favorite method, to baste quilt top to batting and backing.
Step 16: Use your favorite method to quilt the top. The examples above were quilted by using painter's tape as a guideline.
Step 17: Trim away excess backing and batting. Use your favorite method to attach binding. Enjoy!
If you end up making a quilt with this tutorial I'd love to hear from you:)
Linking up with:
May you always Sew in Peace!
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Here’s a simple guide I just found that lets you know what your child should know or be learning based on their age/grade level–preschool included! 🙂
World Book Typical Course of Study
This will be super helpful in planning out curriculum objectives for our school year!
This post may contain affiliate links.
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"He had almost no formal schooling, but he taught himself by reading books about chemistry and physics while he worked as a bookbinder's errand boy. Young Faraday got the chance to go and hear four lectures by the famous physicist Humphry Davy. Later, Davy hired him as his assistant.
"Eventually, he became one of the greatest scientists of his era, even though he never learned the complex mathematics that many people considered a necessary context for science. He made huge breakthroughs in the field of electromagnetism — he discovered magneto-electric induction, the law of electro-chemical decomposition, the magnetization of light, and diamagnetism; and he discovered benzene."
This seems like an appropriate day to repeat one of my favorite stories from Isaac Asimov's Treasury of Humor, in which Michael Faraday plays an important role.
Jones had died and gone to heaven and, as a reward for a most exemplary life, was given the grand tour. To his amazement he found that heaven was made up of many sectors, each utterly different.
He passed though the Jewish heaven where millions of people in prayer shawls sang exultantly before the Ark of the Covenant. Then there was the Catholic heaven filled with organ music and incense, where an eternal mass was celebrated in a star-high, skywide cathedral.
"Oh," said the archangelic guide, "we're ecumenical here; we have something for every taste. After all, a good man is a good man and deserves his reward whatever little difference in ritual may exist. Over there is the Moslem heaven with its houris; yonder the Buddhist heaven of contemplation and nirvana. And here -- here is rather a little curiosity."
They crossed a bridge of the firmament and entered into a scene of whitewashed simplicity in which a relatively small number of men and women were singing hymns.
The guide tiptoed past and whispered, "This is a small sect of Christians called Sandemanians. There were only a few thousand altogether. The great scientist Michael Faraday was one. You can see him there."
"Fascinating," whispered Jones. "But tell me, why are we whispering?"
"Because they mustn't hear us. They think they're the only ones here."
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Despite high unemployment (currently, 7.9 percent) and 1 trillion dollars in credit card debt, a third of Americans are still planning to purchase the new Apple iPhone 12.
Nearly 40 percent more people think a new phone is a necessity this year than respondents did last year, and 73 percent more people this year than last year think the new iPhone is worth going into debt for, according to WalletHub’s most recent survey (see the full infographic below).
Those numbers aren’t shocking to Andrea J. S. Stanaland, professor of marketing at Radford University Davis College of Business and Economics. She states that consumer needs have only heightened due to the pandemic, making phones indispensable.
“‘No contact’ essentially makes the mobile phone your lifeline, so the idea that consumers view a new cell phone as a worthy investment is not surprising,” Stanaland told WalletHub.
The main factors that respondents will consider when purchasing their next phones are price (37 percent), operating system (23 percent), new features (20 percent), and recommendations and reviews (20 percent).
Even though more people think the iPhone 12 is worth going into debt for, almost 75 percent of people think that Apple should charge less for the phone in light of the pandemic. K.N. Rajendran, associate professor of marketing and entrepreneurship at the University of Northern Iowa, disagrees with that.
“So long as people are willing to pay the current prices it does not make business sense for Apple to lower prices,” Rajendran told WalletHub. “However, a goodwill gesture like lowering prices temporarily may provide Apple with long-term benefits—if high-end competitors do not immediately match the move.”
Just 36 percent of Americans say that they’re planning to reduce the cost of their cell phone as a result of the pandemic, but Adolph Neidermeyer says that percentage should be higher with the number of reasonable contracts on the market.
“With the creative offers that are available, I would strongly suggest that individuals review their existing phone plans to be certain they're receiving adequate service for the monthly cost,” Neidermeyer, professor of accounting at West Virginia University College of Business & Economics suggested to WalletHub.
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Paris (AFP) – A jolt of caffeine can boost memory, according to a study published Sunday that provides a scientific motive for students slurping coffee, tea or energy drinks when cramming for exams.
A team at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, found that caffeine enhances certain memories for at least a day after they were formed.
Evidence for caffeine as a memory booster has been anecdotal until now.
This is because the process of registering memories — say, reading a book ahead of an exam — may happen in conditions where the person is eager to absorb and retain information.
This makes it hard to distinguish between someone’s natural alertness and that derived from caffeine.
To strip out this confounding factor, a team led by Michael Yassa, an assistant professor of psychological and brain science, tried a different tack.
They asked 73 volunteers to look at images of a number of objects — for instance, a plant, a basket, a saxophone, or a seahorse.
Afterwards, half of the group were given a 200 milligram dose of caffeine — roughly equivalent to two cups of strong espresso — and the others a dummy pill known as a placebo.
Saliva samples were taken one, three and 24 hours later to measure caffeine levels.
The following day, both groups were asked to look at another set of pictures.
Some of the images were the same, others were new, and a few were similar — for instance, a basket as before, but this time with one handle instead of two.
Both groups did well at distinguishing between old and new pictures, the researchers said.
But those on caffeine were much sharper at identifying the “similar” items in the lineup.
The test sought to discern the effect of caffeine on the hippocampus, a part of the brain that distinguishes between patterns — requiring both short- and long-term memory.
“If we used a standard recognition memory task without these tricky similar items, we would have found no effect of caffeine,” Yassa said.
“However, using these items requires the brain to make a more difficult discrimination — what we call pattern separation, which seems to be the process that is enhanced by caffeine in our case.”
The study, published in the journal Nature Neuroscience, could be valuable in the study of brain cell health.
“Caffeine is associated with healthy longevity and may have some protective effects from cognitive decline like Alzheimer’s disease,” said Yassa.
“These are certainly important questions for the future.”
Photo: AFP.comClick here for reuse options!
Copyright 2014 The National Memo
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This week we are going to tie a Hackle Stacker CDC Caddis. I’ve been on a Hackle Stacker kick lately and I’m running with it! Caddis… Trout love them. Juicy meals floating down the river. When the caddis are out you can rest easy… Winter is behind us and summer is happening! Well… Some caddis… Mother’s Day caddis happen early and spring can still sneak in still.
Lots of people fish caddis patterns. Nymphs, emergers and adults. But how about the dead ones? I love fishing nymphs and dead ones. Dead caddis are spent on the water with their wings splayed out. Think of a delta wing plane… Swooping back towards the tail.
This is the idea behind this caddis pattern. Delta wing caddis… CDC…. Hackle Stacker…… Buggy….. CDC…. Thus this creature was born. It’s a twist on a classic pattern that probably needs no improvement but if you don’t change you wont improve!
This pattern is pretty straight forward. The hackle stacker is the hard part… The stem of the feather likes to break when winding up the thread loop. The keys to not breaking the feather stem are:
1-Select a thin stem if possible. The thinner the stem, the more flexible it will be. Thus… Less likely to break!
2- After stripping the barbs off the base of the stem…. Make sure that you tie the hackle in right where your loop of tying thread is. You dont want to wrap a bare stem around the loop of tying thread.
3-Your first two wraps should be medium tension. This will ensure that there is not to much tension on the stem of the feather.
You will break stems when tying this bug… But don’t worry! It’s ok! I still break stems. They key is to find a way that works for you. How ever it makes sense to your tying style.
Tie up a bunch of these guys and fish them next time you see caddis on the water!
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For the Week Ending October 1, 2017
Bill and Melinda Gates, who through their foundation have instigated and enabled invaluable public health initiatives, just undertook a huge statistical analysis to give the world a report card on global health. Overall we have made progress, but there is still plenty of room for improvement. Infant and child mortality are way down; contraception is more widely available than it was, but many women who desire it still can’t get it. Read more here.
This is important for you because thinking about global health can provide a welcome dose of perspective – and because the Gates’ are such inspiring role models in using their resources to help others and change the world for the better.
Grit – formerly known as perseverance – is the trendiest quality that kids need to have to succeed. It has been deemed more important than intelligence, ambition, or other much lauded traits. A recent study out of MIT suggests that babies as young as one will learn to struggle through obstacles rather than giving up if they see you doing it too. Read more here.
This is important for you because although it may be tempting to shield our children from our own challenges, showing them how we deal with such challenges may serve them better.
There have been spikes in measles cases in the US and the UK because some parents fear vaccination. They mistakenly think that it causes autism, based on a single small study that has been discredited and retracted – both because it’s conclusions did not hold up and because the doctor who performed it experimented on children without their or their parents’ knowledge or consent. The cause(s) of autism remain unknown, and it is certainly scary; but measles, which is less familiar, can be fatal and therefore should be scarier still. Read more here.
This is important for you because you need to vaccinate your children.
Despite the fact that a new study has suggested that there might be an association between getting the flu vaccine and a risk of miscarriage, The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists maintains that a flu shot is an essential part of prenatal care. This newest study is small and preliminary, and contradicts previous studies indicating that the flu vaccine is safe for pregnant women. Read more here.
This is important for you because in addition to vaccinating your children, you need to vaccinate yourself. Talk to your doctor to get the facts if you are concerned.
Identical twins share all of their genes, so differ only in the environments to which they are exposed. Scientists love identical twins because they provide an ideal way – really, the only way – to separate out the relative influences that genetics and environment have on a particular trait. Luckily for these scientists, twins gather annually in Twinsburg, Ohio (not kidding!) to be poked, prodded, and otherwise tested by those who wish to study them. Read more here.
This is important for you because – well, if you’re having twins it’s cool.
The most popular article on The Pulse this week was Religious Exemptions from Vaccine Requirements: A Danger to Public Health. This excerpt sums it up well: “Religious or not, people who reject immunization are making use of whatever religious or philosophical objection they can dream up, and it really has no correlation with their religious beliefs.” Read it here.
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Meet Mali Williams-Cody - the little girl who melted hearts around the world by communicating with Santa through sign language.
Mali’s mum Suzanne Williams was left speechless and teary-eyed when she saw Father Christmas use sign language with the three-year-old, who has learning and communication difficulties.
The heart-warming moment was captured on video and it has been viewed all over the world.
The wonderful moment, in Middlesbrough’s Cleveland Centre , mirrors a scene from 1994 Christmas film Miracle on 34th Street when Father Christmas uses sign language with a young girl.
Ms Williams, from Park End , said: “It was an amazing moment. Mali was smiling for ages afterwards.
"I couldn’t believe it when he started doing it. I was speechless
“It reminded me of Miracle on 34th Street and I want to thank him for making my daughter so happy.”
'She is a lovely, beautiful, happy child'
Ms Williams said Mali struggles to communicate but has yet to be diagnosed with any condition. Ms Williams believes she may have global development delay.
“We thought she might have had autism but that has been ruled out," the 33-year-old added.
"She goes to the Cleveland Unit at James Cook which is good for her.
"Even though she has these issues she is a lovely, beautiful, happy child.”
Ms Williams said it was on Sunday when her daughter met Father Christmas at the Cleveland Centre .
“We had been to the cinema and Mali’s Nana suggested that we go and see Father Christmas," she explained.
“It was really busy and there was quite a long queue but Santa took plenty of time with each child. He was lovely.”
When Mali sat on his knee Ms Williams explained to him that her daughter couldn’t talk very well and he asked “can she sign at all”.
Ms Williams then told Santa that Mali can do some sign such as animals.
It is then he looks at Mali and uses sign language to communicate with her.
Ms Williams said: “It is not something she uses a lot but she is learning.
"I’m not sure what he was saying to her but she was trying to communicate back to him.
“I was very teary-eyed watching it.”
So proud of her
Ms Williams wasn’t aware that a video of the moment had been captured.
“I got a call later that day from someone telling me to look at the Gazette website," she added. "I couldn’t believe it! It was so lovely to see.”
The video was the biggest story on GazetteLive over the weekend.
And it has been shared across with the world - being shown internationally on news sites, social media and television channels.
Ms Williams, who has three other children - Jordan, 15, Courtney-Lee, 13 and Kai, five, said Mali is “so excited for Christmas”.
She said: “She understands a bit more about it all this year and is so excited.
"She can’t say Christmas and instead says ‘ho ho’. When I ask her what she wants for Christmas she says ‘Elsa’ - from Frozen, she loves and wants an Elsa doll.
“Her dad Raymond and I are so proud of her.”
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Richard Sidney Joby
"Norwich's tentacles stretch far these days... Making the layers
surrounding a city as interesting as are those of rock strata was something
taught me by an old friend, Richard Joby. We travel through Hellesdon, once
an isolated village, now a suburb, on which he has self-published an excellent
book, recording a long and colourful history. This is the very first lively
work I have seen on a suburb, as opposed to a still independent village,
yet many more people live in suburbs and are not automatically uninterested
in how things developed.
Back in D&C days, Richard was a super author of railway books; and he always brought in the human touch. His Railwayrnen, owing much to his father, was an especial triumph. We've kept in touch over the years, and over dinner he presents me with a collection of his latest Norfolk writings.
A weekend at Wells-next-the-Sea started Richard's love affair with Norfolk. He came to Norwich as a geography master at the grammar school. With a later degree in economics, he opened new horizons in all kinds of ways... in his teaching, including adult education lectures he's still giving, and in numerous books. He's another who, when the new owners of D&C gave up interest in railways and such like, used the experience he had gained to start self-publishing. Pointing to the station's great frontage that can be clearly seen across the river from our hotel window table, he talks of the pride and problems of the Eastern Counties and later Great Eastern. The first volume of his system's full history has sold 2000 copies: 'profitable, not bad for an amateur?' Where does our itinerary take us? Did I know that Hunstanton was a planned resort? It was meant to be, but never was, like Essex's Frinton". David St John Thomas Journey through Britain
The railway builders: lives and works of the Victorian
railway contractors. Newton Abbot: David & Charles, 1983.
Some of the biographical contributions, notably that on William Dargan and on Lucas family (with its East Anglian roots) are lengthy. The following quotation should give a clear indication of what to expect (including the lack of vital data concerning births and deaths). Excellent contribution on Thomas Walker and his completion of tjhe Severn Tunnel..Joby contains entry on Waddell family who constructed Mersey railway tunnel.
William Arrol was very much in the mould of William Fairbairn, although born some two generations later. He trained as a blacksmith, attending evening classes and reading books to repair the huge gaps in his education. By the age of twenty he had become a foreman at the engineering works of Messrs Laidlaw in Glasgow, getting his first large-scale experience in erecting Deal Pier in 1865 and Brighton West Pier in the following year. The company also did some railway bridgework. Young Arrol set up his own rival company in 1868 and, despite his extreme youth, obtained the Caledonian Railway contract to build the great bridge across the Clyde from Glasgow Central Station to the Gorbals. Work also came from the North British Railway, with whom he had a very long and useful association.
The North British plan for a direct route from Edinburgh to Aberdeen involved the building of the Forth Bridge, in addition to the ill-fated first Tay Bridge. The Bouch design for the Forth Bridge was left in abeyance after 1879, so that by the time the NBR considered the new design by Benjamin Baker, the relatively new medium of steel had been developed to the point where it could be used both for that and the new Tay Bridge. By the early 1880s, William Arrol had sufficient experience and capital to tender for both bridges. Much of the work was pioneering, for no similar work of steel had been completed elsewhere in a narrow estuary where the type of storm that had destroyed the Tay Bridge was a commonplace, with the added hazard that the Forth Bridge structure,was 400ft high. Arrol was simultaneously engaged on the replacement Tay Bridge, completing it in 1887, nearly three years before the Forth Bridge. The quality of material this time and the inspection procedures ensured that there was no repeat of the 1879 disaster. The Forth Bridge later became the model for the even more daring Quebec Bridge across the St Lawrence. A lighter note was struck by Arrol's building of Tower Bridge in London. He was also a considerable industrialist, with a large works at Dalmarnock giving his inventiveness an outlet. He gained a knighthood thanks to his sterling work on the Forth Bridge, ending his days in 1913 as the grand old man of Scottish engineering, head of the firm that made cars at a time when Walter Chrysler was still working for the Chicago Great Western Railway. A link with the past during the construction of the Forth and Tay bridges was that Sir James Falshaw, Brassey's old partner, was now the chairman of the North British Railway which gave Arrol his greatest opportunity.
Arrol's other major Scottish cantilever bridge was the Connel Ferry Bridge on the Caledonian Railway's Ballachulish branch, built in the early years of this century. The approaches and stonework were built by the main contractors for the branch, Best & Co of Edinburgh. Arrol's specialist team of erectors and riveters were indispensable in this tricky work and travelled worldwide on their many contracts. The testing of the Connel Ferry Bridge was carried out by a load of 740 tons crossing it, including eight locomotives, a test which it passed with flying colours.
The railwaymen. Newton Abbot: David & Charles, 1984.
Based mainly on being a railwayman's son who grew up in a community of railwaymen. It is partly autobiographical, especially in its reminiscences of Wharncliffe Gardens, near Marylebone Goods Station in London. These were very basic flats provided by the Great Central Railway to house its staff and most consisted of no more than two rooms plus kitchen and flush toilet. Coal was stored under the draining board to fuel a range. No bathroom was provided. In the 1950s rents were still only 10/- to £1 per week. Stan Joby was a fireman at King's Cross, but began and ended his footplate career at Neasden. He also fired the powerful Y4 0-4-0Ts which shunted the Devonshire Street yard: at this time (during World War II he was based at Stratford, and getting to and from work could be very hazardous.
The author lived in North Walsham, and a considerable amount of the text is coloured by his experiences of Norfolk, including the Midland & Great Northern Railway and its works at Melton Constable which now has no railway nearer than Sheringham, but was once a hub for routes to Norwich, Yarmouth, Cromer and King's Lynn. Rightly, there is a wealth of information about William Marriott, the Company's supremo who lived in Sheringham. But this book is more than a biography of a parent, or an account of the M&GNR; it is a description of a way of life that has disappeared, just as much as the life of the rural peasant who helped to gather in the grain harvest manually. He notes that there used to be over a hundred crossing-keeper's gatehouses in Norfolk: a great many of them are located between North Walsham and Norwich. At North Walsham the canning factory used to forward several wagons of canned vegetables daily in the season. The great flood of 31 August 1912 inundated the M&GNR line at Aylsham and 200 trapped passengers on a holiday train had to be fed and nurtured. Many of the staff worked for thirty-six hours without a break. The stationmaster held a highly responsible position and on the M&GNR before World War I earned between 30/- and 37/6 per week, twice as much as his non-clerical staff. He even qualified for a fortnight's holiday per year.
RAILWAY WORKS TOWNS [or Norfolk's railway Marie Celeste]
A ruined church, a farm and field were all that was to be found in the northern corner of Melton Constable parish before 1881. The site was hardly a natural choice for a major railway junction, being almost the highest point in the county. However, the help from Lord Hastings, both in land and in the House of Lords, was invaluable, so it was prudent to allow him to determine the site. How much coal and fireman's sweat was later wasted on this steep climb to Melton Constable from all directions can never be estimated., but it must have been considerable. A small works was set up and a row of terraced houses, Melton Street, was built. They were just over a mile from the large existing village of Briston. Shortly after the establishment of the railway colony, a young engineer, William Marriott, arrived to take charge of the handful of locomotives and of construction; he was to dominate the village for the next forty years.
The first few years of the system were a mighty struggle for mere survival. In 1883 the line had changed its name from that of the constituent small local lines to the ambitious but untrue Eastern & Midlands Railway. It had large plans but very little money. Its manager, Robert Read, was adept at raising money and obtaining stock and materials before a penny changed hands. He had had a lot of practice at this, running a very similar ramshackle railway in the West Country between Bath and Bournemouth the Somerset. & Dorset. Although the E&MR was largely built by 1883, it had to attract traffic which was not easy in what was a period of depression, especially since the Great Eastern Railway was understandably hostile to this interloper. Only half the intended lines were built. Neither the extension from Norwich to Dereham, nor that across the Broads to Martham, nor the north coast line from Kelling to Blakeney and Wells were even started. By 1887 insufEcient money was coming in to pay for maintenance and wages, let alone for new lines, new equipment and the mounting sum of interest on loans. Since the latter were not paid, the railway went into receivership with a view to early sale. Melton Constable's fIrst few years were very tough indeed.
Railwaymen were recruited from other railways and from farming jobs, then brought to what was described as 'a godforsaken spot' where they lived in cramped conditions in unfamiliar town-type houses with no shops, no entertainments other than those they could provide for themselves, no school, and until the Hastings Arms was built, no pub either. Turnover of labour was high in the fIrst few years. The jobs at Melton Constable were to drive and fire the locomotives, repair and maintain rolling stock and track, and to man the station and the passenger and goods trains. The two terraces of Melton Street were not enough to accommodate such a large body of workers, so in 1886, a third terrace, Astley Terrace was built. This was erected by a local builder on a promise from William Marriott to guarantee the rent of 1/6d per week for each house. Staff who rented these houses had to take up to four lodgers nominated by the railway company as a matter of course, making the houses very overcrowded at times. Other workers rented previously empty houses in surrounding villages such as Briston and Hindolvestone. By 1891, there was not an empty house for miles around, a rare occurrence in rural Norfolk in the late Victorian period. About 600 people in and around Melton Constable depended on the railway for their livelihood by that time, an island of industry in a rather bucolic sea of depressed agriculture.
Despite its poverty, the Eastern & Midlands Railway put on a brave show. Its shiny engines and immaculate stations of neat architectural appearance were noted by the leisure press of the period. It offered through connections from many points in Norfolk to London and the Midlands. Robert Read worked very hard to sell the line to interested parties and to this end projected its image as a going concern that only needed more capital and an upturn in the national economy to flourish. He also wanted to bale out the shareholders who had been without dividends, often from the start of operations. The Great Eastern Railway was not at all interested, as the lines were either competitive with its existing lines or formed poor connections with its own routes. The Great Northern Railway and the Midland Railway were much more alive to the possibilities, seeing in the expansion of resorts and the movement of produce ways of increasing their own traffic. They eventually took over the Eastern & Midlands in 1893 as a joint concern, each owning 50 per cent of the capital.
The poverty of the previous decade was immediately apparent to the engineers of the new parent companies, who, recommended relaying large sections of the track and ordered large numbers of locomotives, coaches and wagons, both to replace the worst of what there was, and also to prepare for the deluge of traffic that the parent companies were to pour on to their new acquisition. A direct connection from the western end of the system to Leicester was built, making for easy running through to the Midlands. As a result, cuts of up to two hours were possible in the timetables of long-distance expresses in the late l890s. The increased capacity also permitted the running of dozens of excursion trains, which became a feature of the Edwardians summer season. It wa.s possible to make the return . trip from King's Cross to Yarmouth via Peterborough and Melton Constable for 4/-, but it was just as well that few of the clients could read maps! All possible traffic from the Midlands and the North was pushed onto the system, and maximum publicity was relayed through the press to make sure that the public heard about the wonders of a Norfolk holiday.
Melton Constable benefited greatly from these changes. New houses of a much higher standard were erected on the south side of Briston Road and also forming the new Colville Road, named after a director of the Great Northern Railway. The houses were made of Fletton bricks rather than local Norfolk Reds, with slated roofs, damp courses, running water, toilets and even bow windows. In the settlement itself, Colman's the grocers set up, the Railway Institute was erected in brick and then enlarged, the primary school and later the secondary school opened to cope with the local baby boom, while on the servicing of the cormmunity, the gasworks and waterworks were greatly enlarged to cope with increased demand. Likewise the engineering shops and locomotive shed grew in scale, the former being so well equipped that it could erect locomotives by the early years of this century. Melton Constable even had a market in the fust decade of the twentieth century.
The busiest days in the year for the little railway community were summer Saturdays, when over a hundred trains moved through the junction from the early hours of the morning until well into the early hours of Sunday morning, connecting the resorts of Norfolk with London and the cities of the East Midlands and even further afield.
In the still of the night, the most active place was the engine shed, where some thirty engines had to be prepared for the coming rush. A few gas lights in the yard and the nearby station lit up polished highlights of the gorse-coloured paintwork and brasswork on the elegant little engines quietly hissing outside the shed. The greenish glare and the long black shadows gave an air of mystery to the cleaning lads who brought kindling and oily waste down the stationary rows of polished engines, tossing it up on to the footplate of each in turn. The rasp of shovel on coal and metal told of engines being lit up, while a dribble of thick, choking smoke from some chimneys and the glimpse of a dull red glow between driving wheels indicated that some were more advanced than others in their steam-raising. The early hours of Saturday mornings were no time for card schools inside fueboxes or practical jokes; work was against the clock for the next twenty-four hours and more. The dawn slowly illuminating the dense pall of smoke inside the shed and the signal gantry on the Norwich line warned the lads detailed to knock up sleeping engine crews that their task was approaching, and that they had better finish off their present duties to the satisfaction of the chargeman.
Just before 4.00am a group of lads scurried across the platform from the engine shed and then fanned out to hammer at the doors of sleeping drivers. If the first tattoo did not have the desired effect, then a handful of gravel directed at the bedroom window was tried, followed by more hammering, until a sleep-drugged curse or missile from a raised window showed evidence of mission accomplished. It was always a problem to know who to wake first when there was a group. It was probably safest to start with the one with the sweetest temper, hoping that the progressing din would have started to arouse those called later. The lads returned to their labours, checking each firebox to see that all was well and adding coal judiciously. As the light strengthened, drivers and firemen started to arrive, climbing aboard their alloqed engines to check that all was well and that steam pressure was increasing. The rattle of coal in the tenders increased in frequency as firemen made up their fires to their liking, thin and hot. The drivers pottered around with their oil cans, filling oil reservoirs, looking for signs of wear. Then it was a matter of taking one's turn in the queue for water and coal, cleaning up the footplate afterwards, giving the metalwork a polish and re-reading instructions before setting down to await an outward train.
The works staff had cursed the shed lads in their half-sleep at dawn, but their turn came to get up after 5.00am. Back-yard chickens and pigs added to the general stirring as the sun crept higher. By 5.45am, doors were beginning to slam as flat-capped men sauntered along Melton Street and Briston Road, over the bridge and down the steep flight of steps into the works. As the time for the hooter neared, steps became faster, until the last were almost frantic, running the last few yards to the time clock, so as to avoid a swingeing fine for lateness.
The 'slap-slap' of the drive belts coming down from the squeaking drive-shafts, the clanging of metal on metal, showers of sparks from grinding wheels and the whirr of the overhead crane overcame the clanking, whistling and banging from outside. For the next couple of hours, tasks unfinished from Friday or new tasks were tackled. The gaffers strolled round, eyes, nose and ears at the ready to detect any breach of rules, but usually little was wrong. The machinery was new, the community much smaller and closer than those at Crewe or Swindon. Some 300 men did every job from painting to erection between them. Until 8.15am work progressed at an even tenor; then there was a blast of the hooter and three-quarters of an hour in the canteen, where boxes of bread, cheese, onions and bottles of cold tea would relieve the pangs of hunger. Work fmished at 1.00pm on Saturday, so it was back to work with a will at the 9.00am hooter for the last session of the week.
When the fmal works' hooter of the week blew at 1.00pm, the machines received their last wipe, the apprentices put their oil cans down and the carpenters in the carriage shop neatly shelved their planes and chisels. It was freedom for a precious day and a half. Like the workmen, the office staff had Saturday afternoons off, but some could be called on to help with paperwork in the station when staff were at breaking point.
In the offIces at the east end of the works, William Marriott oversaw all. He was the respected chief of the M&G N clan who, by the end of the Edwardian era, had been in charge of Melton Constable for nearly thirty years. He was a God-fearing man of high principles and had a great sense of status. Once when a junior clerk was asked to nip up to the drawing offIce to see if the fire was in order just before Marriott was expected, the junior found that it n~eded attention, which he was giving it when Marriott walked in. He was told to desist, as fires were the head messenger's job! As a chapel man, he expected his flock to attend service, but there were both churchmen and men of no church on the staff, so he did not always have his own way. He trained his apprentices thoroughly, teaching them to make the immaculate drawings for which he was famous, giving them a grounding of a breadth that could only be accomplished in a works where everybody knew everybody else.
William Marriott's offIce overlooked the engine shed and station, both the busiest on the M&GN system. Coal economy was a fetish with him, as was the single-heading of even the heaviest trains. A league table of coal usage was posted for all to see, as well as being recorded in the minute book. The thin, white-hot fue was an M&GN characteristic, taught to all new fuemen, and observed unless they wished to incur the Marriott wrath. With it, fourteen coaches were hauled across Norfolk, unassisted on banks, to be handed over to a brace of Midland engines of more recent vintage at South Lynn or Bourne. Yet the engines were not flogged mercilessly to death, as were those black engines on the LNWR; they lasted well the original Beyer Peacock 4-4-0s of 1882 were the oldest 4-4-0s on the LNER when that company took over the M&GN in 1936.
In the village itself, Saturday was the main shopping day. Early trains from the coast brought up fish and shellfish hawkers, who did a brisk house-to-house trade following pay-day. Dripping wickerwork baskets contained the night's catch from the Sheringham boats. The children, free of school, got their ha'penny gobstoppers or everlasting chews from Colman's after mother had reeled off her long list of groceries. Food for the family and the lodgers made shopping a lengthy business. Men coming in from a distance stayed overnight with local families, as did single men who needed a bed. Many of the jobs required them to be within minutes of the station, shed or works, so lodging in distant villages was impossible.
After the midday meal, there was work to be done on the allotments, mucking out oflivestock or gardening for the works men. A highlight of this smallholding tradition was pig-killing, . a spectacle enjoyed by many, young and old alike. The results were shared out between the neighbours, right down to the black pudding and trotters. The brass band often had local engagements on the Saturday afternoon, squeezing aboard a train to an outlying village. The bowling green at the end of Melton Street was much used, but if there was a wedding on, the game gave way to the reception and photographs by tradition. The green was overlooked by a bay where engines awaited their trains, and legend has it that if the railway team was losing, the driver would obligingly send up a shower of cinders from the chimney, which would descend on the green and give a rough ride to the visiting team's bowls.
By mid-afternoon the flow of traffic was predominantly towards the seaside. Long-stay holidaymakers going on holiday replaced the excursionists and returning holidaymakers. They gave the refreshment-room staff a badly needed respite, as they usually still had the remains of picnic baskets brought from home. After a wedding, the 4.08pm was the favourite departure. The guard would be warned to keep a compartment locked until Melton Constable. The happy couple were seen aboard with much ceremony, and then the train departed to the explosions of fog signals according to a code never mentioned in the rule book. Further explosions at intermediate points could be expected, as the signalmen telegraphed the happy news along the line.
At dusk, windows lit up with gas mantles. Tea, as the evening meal is called in Norfolk, was late on Saturdays in summer. Men from the works had fmished their gardening or sport and the children had come in from the fIelds and lanes. Jugs offresh milk had been brought up from the dairy down the Brinton lane, as all was being readied for the day of rest. Not all would partake of rest, especially if traffic was heavy, but the Gospel Hall was always full, while the local church' choir would not have existed but for railwaymen and their wives and daughters. A spelling competition called a spelling-bee at the Railway Institute, a quiet pint and skittles at the Hastings Arms offered relaxation, while talk turned to plans for the annual outing for the children to Cromer on a flag-bedecked train with William Marriott playing uncle to his extended family of over 1,000 employees and their families. The annual shut down of the works for a week also gave families the opportunity of returning to other parts of the country, whence so many of them had come as recruits to the railway in its younger days.
Modest in size though it was, Melton Constable provided a full range of services to its small isolated system in the same way as Crewe, Eastleigh, Doncaster and many others did to their own larger systems. The communities of railway towns were often distant from other large centres, lacked good road connections until well into the twentieth century and were slow to acquire alternative sources of employment; indeed, the companies were hostile to the loss of their monopoly over the work-force, as paternalists often are.
The established railway families in these towns became the local working-class establishment. They were the councillors, mayors when there was no suitable management candidate, church sidesmen, secretaries of societies and later of unions when these became respectable. So long as they played their cards right, there would be apprenticeships, clerical posts or manual positions for their sons, who would have grown up in railway houses situated in streets named after directors or engineers. The sons had railway relatives and were educated in a school endowed by the railway, as a plate mounted above the entrance would remind them. Railway holiday trains took them to resorts where hundreds of their townsfolk would spend a week or fortnight simultaneously. Should misfortune strike the family, the railway-subsidised provident fund would help out and railway orphanages provided a long stop should relatives be unable to help a bereaved family. In such an atmosphere conformity was at a premium, or as a foreman was heard to say to a new boy, 'Keep yer nose clean and yer'll be all right like yer Dad'.
Those who did not conform, were merely different or known troublemakers, had a hard time of it as Alfred Williams at Swindon frequently found to his cost. As a writer whose horizons extended well beyond the pub, allotments, Swindon Town football club and the institute, he did not fit in. His perspectives and feelings were thus very different from those whose bow-windowed 'gaffers houses' in the same Swindon represented security, warmth and a comfortable, predictable future for themselves and their offspring. They were proud of the GWR and enforced its ways on the nonconformists. This unfortunately sometimes took the form of victimisation when labour had to be shed. Slumps and strikes resulted in management asking each department to produce lists of men to be made redundant. Not surprisingly this often included those who did not fit in or who had been agitating for improvements that the company was not prepared to make. Since their skills were often only marketable in railway towns and they had been discharged or even blacklisted, there was little to be gained from migrating to Doncaster from Swindon where there was also likely to be a dearth of work. They drifted away, few knew where.
It is to the credit of the railway companit:s in the inter-war period that they encouraged other companies to set up works in railway towns. Rolls~Royce in Derby and Crewe, and Pressed Steel and Imperial Tobacco in Swindon, provided alternative employment at a time when the railways were making many employees redundant, thus averting what could have been a disastrous situation in the depression years. The monopoly of power held by the company's representative on the shopfloor slipped as alternatives became available, but it took another war and full employment to destroy the old discipline and usher in an age when the railways actively had to seek staff and could not afford to lose skilled men.
In the days before continuous brakes became common on the railways in the 1880s, it was very difficult to stop trains under wet or greasy conditions. On 10 September 1881 a Massey Bromley 0-4-4T of the Great Eastern Railway was working a train of thirteen vehicles, all small light carriages of the period, with a, front and rear brake van, from North Walsham to Cromer. Only one brake van was manned, a new 12 ton vehicle which was considered by the guard and North Walsham stationmaster to be adequate, but in drizzling rain and with greasy rails the engine skidded past Cromer signal box at 5mph. The driver jumped down, shovelling ballast on the rails and in the end jammed his shovel under the wheels of the engine but to no avail. The engine went sailing into two empty carriages at the buffer stops, knocking down the porters' shed and damaging two of the train vehicles. Two guards should have been on the train, and the Westinghouse engine brake applied earlier. It stressed the need for good continuous brakes.
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cfg80211 is the new Linux wireless configuration API. cfg80211 will replace Wireless-Extensions. You use nl80211 to configure a device. Note that we are not going to add any new features to Wireless Extensions, we'll only fix bugs for it. If you don't like what you see with Wireless-Extensions then help us advance cfg80211.
cfg80211 has regulatory compliance built into it, each registered device obeys cfg80211's regulatory interpretations and provides an API for drivers and for mac80211 to provide hints to it as to what rules should be enforced. A device registers with cfg80211 a list of supported bands and each band has a list of supported channels. During registration cfg80211 will ensure only the allowed channels for the currently set regulatory domain will be left enabled.
cfg80211 provides APIs for both drivers and mac80211 to supply regulatory hints to further enhance regulatory compliance.
After registration with cfg80211 a driver can provide a regulatory_hint() with an alpha2. This alpha2 can come from a map read from the device's EEPROM.
cfg80211 supports enhancing regulatory compliance by allowing drivers and mac80211 to inform it of when a country information element has been received and should be obeyed. The Country Information Element (cf. 802.11-2007 188.8.131.52) contains the information required to allow a station to identify the regulatory domain in which the AP is located and to configure its PHY for operation in that regulatory domain. The Country IE contains, amongst other things, the list of permissions (channels and transmit power on those channels) and an ISO/IEC 3166-1 country code. regulatory_hint_11d() can be used to pass to cfg80211 an IEEE 802.11 country information element. cfg80211 will parse the information element, build a regulatory domain from it and intersect with what CRDA tells us should apply for the given alpha2. This prevents rogue/busted APs from providing incorrect information.
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Mississippi hospitals report ‘overwhelming’ number of coronavirus patients
Published 5:09 pm Wednesday, December 23, 2020
The number of COVID-19 coronavirus patients in state hospitals soared to a new record, the state reported.
The number of test-confirmed COVID-19 coronavirus patients hit 1,312 on Tuesday with 339 of those patients requiring critical care and using ICU beds.
“The numbers are staggering and overwhelming Mississippi hospitals,” Mississippi State Health Officer Dr. Thomas Dobbs wrote on social media Wednesday afternoon. “Critical that holiday gatherings conducted in a manner that recognizes anyone we encounter could be contagious with COVID-19.”
Mississippi reported its third-highest number of new coronavirus patients found in a single day on Wednesday.
More than 200,000 cases have been confirmed in the state and health officials say more than 4,500 of those patients have died as a result of the virus.
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A pressure washer consists of a motor, either gas or electric, connected to a high-pressure pump that draws water from a reservoir and pushes it out under pressure exceeding 2,000 pounds per square inch through a hose tipped with a metal wand and nozzle. Pressure washing with an appropriate cleaning detergent is a safe and effective way to clean dirt, grime and mildew from the exteriors of houses and other buildings.
What it Can Do
The high-pressure spray of detergent-and-water cleaning solution from a pressure washer blasts dirt, grime and mildew off exterior wall surfaces. The high pressure from the machine allows the water stream to clean dirt off two-story buildings. In addition to cleaning, a pressure washer at its maximum pressure can peel loose paint off exterior walls in preparation for repainting. Read the instruction manual before using the machine and never point the spray at a person or pet. The high pressure can cause injury.
Preparing the Area
Before starting pressure washing, you should close, remove, or cover potential hazards. Close all windows and doors. Remove lawn furniture, planters, lawn ornaments and other obstacles that might trip you or tangle your hose. Thoroughly water plants near your work area and cover them. This will keep the plants from taking up detergent solution runoff that may be harmful to them. Cover light fixtures, electric meters, telephone interface boxes and any other exterior electrical components.
When using a pressure washer, you wash the walls from the bottom up with a high-pressure spray of detergent solution. Flush the machine and rinse the walls with plain water from the top down. When washing, work in sections, moving the water stream from side to side. Spray the water at an angle to the wall surface, not straight up or straight on. If you have heavily soiled areas, some pressure washers include a water-powered scrub brush attachment for scouring such areas. If the area is within reach, you can scrub it by hand.
Professional power washing companies use tricks and tips that homeowners can copy. Examples include presoaking the surface with a low-pressure spray to loosen dirt before pressure washing. Pre-treat bad mildew spots by scrubbing with a solution of bleach and commercial mildewcide in water. Use hot water instead of cold water for pressure washing. Hot water will clean more effectively with less detergent. Always rinse detergent off the wall before it dries. Move the nozzle closer or further from the wall surface to adjust the cleaning force and water heat. Spider webs are nearly impossible to remove with a power washer spray. Use a broom instead.
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The second half of 2007 saw violence drop dramatically in Iraq, but the progress came at a high price: The year was the deadliest for the U.S. military since the 2003 invasion, with 899 troops killedIf I admit the first part that "2007 saw violence drop dramatically", how long will I be waiting to hear the cheerleaders of dubya's bloody war to admit the second, that 2007 "was the deadliest [year] for the U.S. military since the 2003 invasion"?
But it's not only the surge at play here:
Two critical shifts that boosted U.S.-led forces in 2007 _ a self-imposed cease-fire by a main Shiite militia and a grassroots Sunni revolt against extremists _ could still unravel unless serious unity efforts are made by the Iraqi government.That's what General Petraeus was talking about when he said things were "reversible" in Iraq.
Meanwhile Privacy International, a human rights group based in London and formed as a watchdog on privacy invasions by governments and corporations released a report calling the US an "endemic survillance society."
Happy New Year!
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Sherwin Nuland, whose bestselling book 'How We Die' made such an extraordinary impact, here explores the miracle that is the human body. Combining his clinical knowledge with a profound sense of wonder at the mystery of our physical nature, he explains how our myriad, multifarious cells work, and how they organise themselves to protect our bodies from threats to our wellbeing and safety.
From the complex detail of DNA to the brilliant engineering of the circulatory system, Nuland's explanations are full, lucid and never less than thrilling. Through gripping accounts of life-and-death emergencies and compelling case histories, he takes us close to his own experience as a practising surgeon and physician and beyond the mechanics and biology to explore that intangible element that makes us greater even than the sum of our miraculous parts - the human spirit itself.
- Publication Date:
- 03 / 07 / 1998
- 128 x 196mm
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How To Overcome 3 Common Lies About Success
‘Success’ itself is an elusive term. We all have different measures and metrics of identifying what success looks like in our lives. While definitions may vary, what is true is that almost all of us at some point buy into some dangerous lies about what’s required to succeed...
1: Success Requires You To Work Ridiculous Hours
Some people say the only way to true success is to work ridiculous hours and fall into bed every night exhausted from the day's work. But this only leads to extended burnout, additional stress, fatigue, and an overall negative impact on your physical, mental and spiritual wellbeing.
Working ridiculous hours is a bad strategy because it assumes that you’re a machine, that your energy never deteriorates, and that you can keep perfect focus. The truth is as hours worked increase, performance decreases so if you want to be more effective, work a little less as you’ll probably achieve more.
2. You Can’t Take Any Real-Time Off
Another myth about success is that you can’t take any real time off if you’re going to be successful. This is particularly true in ministry positions where the needs of others can feel overwhelming and constant. The reality is that God calls us to Sabbath rest – to slow down and intentionally be unproductive – simply rest and enjoy time with God and others. Real rest not only refuels and rejuvenates you, but it also fuels better work - a rested you has far more to give back when you come back.
3. If You’re Burning Out, You’ve Been Faithful
Burnout is not an indicator of healthy faithfulness! While running a good race in life and ministry can be hard work, it shouldn’t be overwhelming. The more we slip towards burn out and wear it as a badge of hard work, the more likely we become to justify unhealthy patterns that are dangerous for ourselves and those around us. God’s desire is never for us to be burned out, but rather to be energized and healthy in the work we do. The fruit of our work in ministry should be life abundant – not running on fumes heading towards burnout.
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The Macerich mall developer’s pet sale ban was a year in the making and in large part, is the result of the efforts of animal activist, Jennifer Peterson. Hers is a story of how a personal experience can illuminate one’s calling and be a beacon for larger change.
Global Animal just received news that shopping center developer Macerich is banning sales of live animals in more than 70 malls across the US. This new humane policy designed to break the puppy mill business chain is taking effect nationwide within 30 days. Macerich confirmed that they will not renew the leases of existing pet stores that sell animals and in their place, are opening humane stores offering adoptions of rescued pets.
Some of the high profile shopping malls include Los Angeles’ Westside Pavilion, which is opening a rescue store this month in association with the nonprofit Friends of LA Shelters, Scottsdale’s Fashion Square, Chesterfield Towne Center in Richmond, Virginia, and Santa Monica Place.
The mall developer’s pet sale ban was a year in the making and in large part, is the result of the efforts of animal activist, Jennifer Peterson. Hers is a story of how a personal experience can illuminate one’s calling and be a beacon for larger change.
Ms. Peterson grew up in Los Angeles adopting animals and surrounded herself with likeminded rescuers. When a close friend purchased a “designer” dog from BarkWorks pet store in Westside Pavilion, the animal lover became an animal activist.
“I had a gut feeling it was bad,” Peterson explains. The pet store dog became sick within a week of purchase, and Jennifer began to suspect a puppy mill connection. Jennifer Peterson contacted BarkWorks and according to Peterson, the pet store refused to take any responsibility for the sick pup.
Peterson began researching puppy mills and how the industry supplies pet stores with dogs who endure horrific conditions. She started a Facebook page called “Boycott BarkWorks,” where people could post their experiences and reactions. The page developed into a place to protest puppy mills and stores like BarkWorks that sell bred animals.
Jennifer reached out to her friend Randy Brant, who is Macerich’s VP of leasing property. Brant and others at Macerich knew little about puppy mills and were appalled by what Jennifer Peterson had shared.
“I thought if I talked to him about how terrible it is, maybe there was a chance they might go humane,” Peterson said. She contacted all 74 Macerich shopping centers to find out how many pet stores offered rescued animals for adoption versus those with dogs bred for sale. The numbers were disheartening for any animal lover.
Jennifer Peterson, Randy Brant and his wife, Dahli, worked for a year to help Macerich develop the companywide pet sale ban in their malls.
“Communities love and support adoption. We are hoping this starts a domino effect with other mall leasing companies across the country. Let’s get these shops out of business,” said Peterson.
Macerich is proud of their trailblazing pet sale ban and hope to demonstrate that animal welfare is good business. Encouraged by this landmark policy change, Peterson is redoubling her efforts to shut down the entire puppy mill industry. She’s certain it can happen by “ordinary” people getting involved.
“If you see a pet store, write a letter. Complain. Find out who the leasing company is and let them know about puppy mills. Get involved and reach out to who you know. I did something about it and I’m not special. Two years ago I had never even been to a protest. People can do it.”
Return to Animal Rights Articles
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NINE YEMENI GITMO DETAINEES WERE RELEASED TO SAUDI ARABIA:
Saudi Arabia on Saturday took in nine Yemeni detainees from Guantánamo, a breakthrough deal with the at-times stubborn oil kingdom that left 80 captives at the downsizing U.S. military detention center in Cuba.
Among those the U.S. Air Force delivered to Saudi Arabia was 5-foot-4-inch hunger striker Tariq Ba Odah, 38, who gained prominence by asking a federal judge to order his release after he shriveled to 74 pounds despite daily U.S. Navy medical tube feedings.
Cleared for years, Ba Odah, like the others released, could not go back to Yemen because of a White House policy that forbids repatriations to the poor, violent nation south of Saudi Arabia on the tip of the Arabian Peninsula.
But in a turnabout, the Saudi government agreed to take non-citizens from Guantánamo to its rehabilitation program set up to help Saudi jihadists transition back into society. All nine men have relatives living there, according to a U.S. official with knowledge of the deal. In fact, four were born in Saudi Arabia to Yemeni parents.
Read more: Miami Herald
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I could be going in exactly the wrong direction, but it seems to me that a lot of the difficulty is that anybody
connects all CCSVI symptoms with MS. There could be some others! My grandfathers and one grandmother died of heart disease, on my mother's side, both at a young age (50 and 66). The other grandmother debilitated by stroke for her last decade. Diseases of the circulation (my mother with vasculitis, father with strokes) affect nearly every member of my family.
With me, and the brother who had hydrocephalus, it has more been head circulation, but I have already had one heart attack. I think a cogent argument can be made for this, not only as a treatment to alleviate symptoms for which MS could be blamed, but to improve pathological circulatory problems which can be fatal in other ways. They probably have a genetic component which is much easier to trace than MS alone.
Two family members of mine have Chronic Lymphatic Leukemia, another disease of the blood. One doctor of mine said they may be two sides of the same coin (their cancers and my MS). I think much suffering, and probably some deaths, can be avoided and delayed by this treatment. Moreover, people like the surgeon on The Nature of Things
, can go back to their jobs! The great body of anecdotal evidence, not on the Internet, but in the hands of many doctors today, along with potential re-employment of sidelined workers, should be enough to justify the practice, and the funding, by both private and public insurers
However, the treatment is road-blocked because of its effect on improving the lives of MS patients. I believe with all my heart that I have the nervous problems, immune symptoms, pain, and psychological difficulty which are common in MS patients. I also know to be true, the things I have said about the odds against the healthy survival of my circulatory system.
It is not enough for a few well-connected doctors to reply that if I just ate better, and got more regular exercise, that should be enough, or that collateral veins should be sufficient to provide for my brain's needs, and drugs are all we have for the rest. I think, besides the duty to avoid harm, doctors have a duty to treat suffering, when they know they can do so with very low risk. The risks of this procedure are known, and manage-ably low. I would say the grounds for doing it under our public health care system, strained as it is, are much more than humanitarian gestures for people with faint hope.
This is 2012, not 1970, and people are more than ready: doctors, patients, and loved ones alike. The barriers here are much less formidable than the disease itself, and those who can help are already doing as much as they are allowed to by legal, political, and yes, financial interests. People need to stop saying no, and get to yes. Everyone can still win.
Modern medicine is a juggernaut, heavily invested in the drug industry and the status quo. I don't want to be a hostage of somebody else's inertia anymore. I have given my share to the drug industry, and to science. I want something in return.
The procedure has benefits, so the task now should be to work towards maximizing them, and minimizing risks. Dr. Sclafani has shared some valuable experiences. He has shown that, in a complex area where each patient is unique, with much less radiation, a very thorough investigation can still be done, using IVUS. More work of this kind needs to be done as soon as possible. We cannot do it by sitting on our hands.
It is hard to decide whether I should even be on this forum, when many of my symptoms may turn out to have been what is demonstrably a circulatory problem. (Maybe there should be a "ThisIsNotJustMS"?) For that and some more personal reasons, you may not see much more here from me. I think you are all dedicated, smart and brave, and I do wish you all the best. Unless I come back, in which case, you can always stop listening to me
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This month, we’ll be celebrating the greatest love story ever told. I know Good Friday is still a week away, but I finished the following video a little early and couldn’t wait to share it with you.
For almost eighty years, Disney has been captivating our imaginations with beautifully rendered fairy stories. But as J.R.R. Tolkien explained to C.S. Lewis, the Gospel provides us with an authentic, eye-witness account of a fairy tale that’s true.
The world may not need yet another cover of Frozen’s award-winning “Let it Go,” but it desperately needs the message embedded in this version. Let its truth sink into the depths of your heart and resonate within: Christ Jesus is risen. He is risen indeed!
Let Them Know
I’ve been forgiven, been set free — (Acts 13:38-39)
I’m not the same girl that I used to be. (2 Corinthians 5:17)
It’s real, I feel His blessings flow (Psalm 21:6)
And my faith grow. (2 Thessalonians 1:3)
The Prince of Peace (Isaiah 9:6)
Left Heaven’s throne room up on high, (2 Corinthians 8:9)
He took on flesh (John 1:14, Philippians 2:6-8)
And came to earth poor sinners for to die. (Mark 10:45)
Though in a tomb they laid Him (Acts 13:29)
Once He’d breathed his last, (Mark 15:37)
By God’s amazing grace, (1 Timothy 1:14-15)
It couldn’t hold Him fast! (Acts 2:24)
Let them know, let them know (Acts 2:32)
Christ arose like the break of dawn. (Luke 24:6)
Let them know, let them know (Romans 10:14)
Satan’s claim on me is gone. (Romans 6:14)
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Wylie Aitken is the Founding President of American Board of Trial Advocates (ABOTA). ABOTA was founded in 1957 with the purpose of preserving the civil jury trial, “Justice by the People.” It is a legal organization dedicated to educating the public about the importance of the Seventh Amendment. ABOTA is made up of highly skilled trial attorneys who employ integrity. ABOTA members must have completed 20 trials to verdict for an associate and 50 trials through verdict for an advocate.
Click here to learn more about ABOTA.
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Enabling 3D Visualization of Simulated Construction Operations
Kamat, Vineet Rajendra
MetadataShow full item record
Simulation modeling and visualization can substantially help in designing complex construction operations and in making optimal decisions where traditional methods prove ineffective or are unfeasible. However, there has been limited use of simulation in planning construction operations due to the unavailability of appropriate visual communication tools that can provide users with a more realistic and comprehensible feedback from simulation analyses. Visualizing simulated construction operations in 3D can significantly help in establishing the credibility of simulation models. In addition, 3D visualization can provide valuable insight into the subtleties of construction operations that are otherwise non-quantifiable and presentable. New software development technologies emerge at incredible rates that allow engineers and scientists to create novel, domain-specific applications. This study capitalized on a computer graphics technology based on the concept of the "Scene Graph" to design and implement a general-purpose 3D Visualization System that is Simulation and CAD-software independent. This system, the "Dynamic Construction Visualizer", enables realistic visualization of modeled construction operations and the resulting products in 3D and can be used in conjunction with a wide variety of simulation tools. This thesis describes the "Dynamic Construction Visualizer" as well as the "Scene Graph" architecture and the Frame Updating algorithms used in its design.
- Masters Theses
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https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/35470
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The Foreign Marriage Act, 1969
(33 of 1969)(31st August, 1969)
An Act to make provision relating to marriages of citizens of India outside India. BE it enacted by Parliament in the Twentieth Year of the Republic of India as follows
1. Short title:
This Act may be called the Foreign Marriage Act, 1969.
In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires;
(a) “degrees of prohibited relationship” shall have the same meanings as in the Special Marriage Act, 1954 (43 of 1954);
(b) “district “, in relation to a Marriage Officer, means the area within which the duties of his office are to be discharged;
(c) “foreign country ” means a country or place outside India, and includes a ship which is for the time being in the territorial waters of such a country or place;
(d) “Marriage Officer” means a person appointed under Section 3 to be a Marriage Officer;
(e) “official house”, in relation to a Marriage Officer, means –
(i) the official house or residence of the officer
(ii) the office in which the business of the officer is transacted;
(iii) a prescribed place; and
(f) “prescribed” means prescribed by rules made under this Act.
3. Marriage Officers:
For the purposes of this Act, the Central Government may, by Notification in the Official Gazette, appoint such of its diplomatic or Consular Officers as it may think fit to be Marriage Officer for any foreign country.
Explanation.- In this Section, `diplomatic officer’ means an ambassador, envoy, minister, high commissioner, commissioner, charge d’ affairs or other diplomatic representative or a counsellor or secretary of an embassy, legation or high commission .
4. Conditions relating to solemnization of foreign marriages:
A marriage between parties one of whom at least is a citizen of India may be solemnized under this Act by or before a Marriage Officer in a foreign country, if, at the time of the marriage, the following conditions are fulfilled, namely:-
(a) neither party has a spouse living,
(b) neither party is an idiot or a lunatic,
(c) the bridegroom has completed the age of twenty one years and the bride the age of eighteen years at the time of the marriage, and
(d) the parties are not within the degrees of prohibited relationship :
Provided that where the personal law or a custom governing at least one of the parties of a marriage between them, such marriage may be solemnized, not with standing that they are degrees of prohibited relationship.
5. Notice of intended marriage:
When a marriage is intended to be solemnized under this Act, the parties to the marriage shall give notice thereof in writing in the form specified in the First Schedule to the Marriage Officer of the district in which at least one of the parties to the marriage has resided for a period of not less than thirty days immediately preceding the date on which such notice is given, and the notice shall state that the party has so resided.
6. Marriage Notice Book:
The Marriage Officer shall keep all notices given under Section 5 with the records of his office and shall also forthwith enter a true copy of every such notice in a book prescribed for that purpose, to be called the “Marriage Notice Book”, and such book shall be open for inspection at all reasonable times, without fee, by any person desirous of inspecting the same.
7. Publication of notice:
Where a notice under Section 5 is given to the Marriage Officer, he shall cause it to be published;
(a) in his own office, by affixing a copy thereof to a conspicuous place, and
(b) in India and in the country or countries in which the parties are ordinarily resident, in the prescribed manner.
8. Objection to marriage:
(1) Any person may, before the expiration of thirty days from the date of publication of the notice under Section 7, object to the marriage on the ground that it would contravene one or more of the conditions specified in Section 4.
Explanation – Where the publication of the notice by affixation under clause (a) of Section 7 and in the prescribed manner under clause (b) of that section is on different dates, the period of thirty days shall, for the purposes of this sub-section, be computed from the later date.
(2) Every such objection shall be in writing signed by the person making it or by any person duly authorised to sign on his behalf, and shall state the ground of objections; and the Marriage Officer shall record the nature of the objection in his Marriage Notice Book.
9. Solemnization of marriage where no objection made:
If an objection is made within the period specified in Section 8 to an intended marriage, then, on the expiry of that period, the marriage may be solemnized.
10. Procedure on receipt of objection:
(1) If an objection is made under Section 8 to an intended marriage, the Marriage Officer shall not solemnize the marriage until he has inquired into the matter of the objection in such manner as he thinks fit and is satisfied that it ought not to prevent the solemnization of the marriage if the objection is withdrawn by the person making it.
(2) Where a Marriage Officer after making any such inquiry entertains a doubt in respect of any objection, he shall transmit the record with such statement respecting the matter as he thinks fit to the Central Government; and the Central Government, after making such further inquiry into the matter and after obtaining such advice as it thinks fit, shall give its decision thereon in writing to the Marriage Officer, who shall act in conformity with the decision of the Central Government.
11. Marriage not to be in contravention of local laws:
(1) The Marriage Officer may, for reasons to be recorded in writing, refuse to solemnize a marriage under this Act if the intended marriage is prohibited by any law in force in the foreign country where it is to be solemnized.
(2) The Marriage Officer may, for reasons to be recorded in writing, refuse to solemnize a marriage under this Act on the ground that in his opinion, the solemnization of the marriage would be inconsistent with international law or the comity of nations.
(3) Where a Marriage Officer refuses to solemnize a marriage under this section, any party to the intended marriage may appeal to the Central Government in the prescribed manner within a period of thirty days from the date of such refusal; and the Marriage officer shall act in conformity with the decision of the Central Government on such appeal.
12. Declaration by parties and witnesses:
Before the marriage is solemnized, the parties and three witnesses shall, in the presence of the Marriage Officer, sign a declaration in the form specified in the Second Schedule, and the declaration shall be countersigned by the marriage Officer.
13. Place and form on solemnization:
(1) A marriage by or before a Marriage Officer under this act shall be solemnized at the official house of the marriage Officer with open doors between the prescribed hours in the presence of at least three witnesses.
(2) The marriage may be solemnized in any form which the parties may choose to adopt:
Provided that it shall not be complete and binding on the parties unless each party declares to other in the presence of the Marriage Officer and the three witnesses and in any language understood by the parties, -“I, (A) take (B), to be my lawful wife (or husband)”:
Provided further that where the declaration referred to in the preceding proviso is made in any language which is not understood by the Marriage Officer or by any of the witnesses, either of the parties shall interpret or cause to be interpreted the declaration in a language which the Marriage Officer, or, as the case may be, such witness understands.
14. Certificate of marriage:
(1) Whenever a marriage is solemnized under this Act, the Marriage Officer shall enter a certificate thereof in the form specified in the Third Schedule in a book to be kept by him for that purpose and to be called the Marriage Certificate Book, and such certificate shall be signed by the parties to the marriage and the three witnesses.
(2) On a certificate being entered in the Marriage Certificate Book by the Marriage Officer, the certificate shall be deemed to be conclusive evidence of the fact that a marriage under this Act has been solemnized, and that all formalities respecting the residence of the party concerned previous to the marriage and the signatures of witnesses have been complied with.
15. Validity of foreign marriages in India:
Subject to the other Provisions contained in this Act, a marriage solemnized in the manner provided in this Act shall be good and valid in law.
16. New notice when marriage not solemnized within six month is:
Whenever a marriage is not solemnized within six months from the date on which notice thereof has been given to the Marriage Office as required under Section 5 or where the record of a case has been transmitted to the Central Government under Section 10, or where an appeal has been referred to the Central Government under Section 11, within three months from the date of decision of the Central Government in such case or appeal, as the case may be, the notice and all other proceedings arising therefrom shall be deemed to have lapsed, and no Marriage Officer shall solemnize the marriage until new notice has been given in the manner laid down in this Act.
17. Registration of foreign marriages:
(1) Where –
(a) a Marriage Officer is satisfied that a marriage has been duly solemnized in a foreign country in accordance with the law of that country between parties of whom one at least was a citizen of India; and
(b) a party to the marriage informs the Marriage Officer in writing that he or she desires the marriage to be registered under this Section, the Marriage Officer may, upon payment of the prescribed fee, register the marriage.
(2) No marriage shall be registered under this Section unless at the time of registration it satisfies the conditions mentioned in Section 4.
(3) The Marriage Officer may, for reasons to be recorded in writing, refuse to register a marriage under this Section on the ground that in his opinion the marriage is inconsistent with international law or the comity of nations.
18. Matrimonial reliefs to be under Special Marriage Act, 1954:
(1) Subject to the other provisions contained in this Section, the provisions of Chapters IV, V, VI, and VII of the Special Marriage Act, 1954 (43 of 1954), shall apply in relation to marriages solemnized under this Act and to any other marriage solemnized in a foreign country between parties of whom one at least is a citizen of India as they apply in relation to marriage solemnized under that Act.
Explanation – In its application to the marriages referred to in this subsection, Section 24 of the Special Marriage Act, 1954 (43 of 1954), shall be subject to the following modifications, namely:-
(i) the reference in sub-section (1) thereof to clauses (a), (b), (c) and (d) of Section 4 of that Act shall be construed as a reference to clauses (a), (b), (c) and (d) respectively of Section 4 of this Act, and
(ii) nothing contained in Section 24 aforesaid shall apply to any marriage –
(a) which is not solemnized under this Act; or
(b) which is deemed to be solemnized under this Act by reason of the provisions
contained in Section 17:
Provided that the registration of any such marriage as is referred to in sub-clause (b) may be declared to be of no effect if the registration was in contravention of sub-section (2) of Section 17.
(2) Every petition for relief under Chapter V or Chapter VI of the Special Marriage Act, 1954 (43 of 1954), as made applicable to the marriages referred to in sub-section (1), shall be presented to the district court within the local limits of whose ordinary civil jurisdiction –
(a) the respondent is residing at the time of the presentation of the petition; or
(b) the husband and wife last resided together; or
(c) the petitioner is residing at the time of the presentation of the petition, provided that the respondent is at that time residing outside India.
Explanation – In this Section, “district court” has the same meaning as in the Special Marriage Act, 1954 (43 of 1954).
(3) Nothing contained in this Section shall authorise any court –
(a) to make any decree of dissolution of marriage,
except where –
(i) the parties to the marriage are domiciled in India at the time of the presentation of the petition; or
(ii) the petitioner, being the wife, was domiciled in India immediately before the marriage and has been residing in India for a period of not less than three years immediately preceding the presentation of the petition;
(b) to make any decree annulling a voidable marriage,
except where –
(i) the parties to the marriage are domiciled in India at the time of the presentation of the petition; or
(ii) the marriage was solemnized under this Act and the petitioner being the wife, has been ordinarily resident in India for a period of three years immediately preceding the presentation of the petition;
(c) to make any decree of nullity of marriage in respect of a void marriage, except where —
(i) either of the parties to the marriage is domiciled in India at the time of the presentation of the petition, or
(ii) the marriage was solemnized under this Act and the petitioner is residing in India at the time of the presentation of the petition.
(d) to grant any other relief under Chapter V or
Chapter VI of the Special Marriage Act, 1954 (43 of 1954) except where the petitioner is residing in India at the time of the presentation of the petition.
(4) Nothing contained in sub-section (1) shall authorise any court to grant any relief under this Act in relation to any marriage in a foreign country not solemnized under it, if the grant of relief in respect of such marriage [whether on any of the grounds specified in the Special Marriage Act, 1954 (43 of 1954) or otherwise is provided for under any other law for the time being in force.
19. Punishment for bigamy:
(1) Any person whose marriage is solemnized or deemed to have been solemnized under this Act and who, during the subsistence of his marriage, contracts any other marriage in India shall be subject to the penalties provided in Section 494 and Section 495 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (45 of 1860), and the marriage so contracted shall be avoid.
(2) The provisions of sub-section (1) apply also to any such offence committed by any citizen of India without and beyond India.
20. Punishment for contravention of certain other conditions for marriage:
Any citizen of India who procures a marriage of himself or herself be solemnized under this Act in contravention of the condition specified in clause (c) or clause (d) of Section 4 shall be punishable —
(a) in the case of a contravention of the condition specified in clause (c) of Section 4, with simple imprisonment which may extend to fifteen days or with fine which may extend to one thousand rupees, or with both; and
(b) in the case of a contravention of the condition specified in clause (d) of Section 4, with simple imprisonment which may extend to one month, or with fine which may extend to one thousand rupees, or with both.
21. Punishment for false declaration:
If any citizen of India for the purpose of procuring a marriage, intentionally —
(a) where a declaration is required by this Act, makes a false declaration; or
(b) where a notice or certificate is required by this Act, signs a false notice or certificate;
he shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to three years and shall also be liable to fine.
22. Punishment for wrongful action of Marriage Officer:
Any Marriage Officer who knowingly and willfully solemnizes a marriage under this Act in contravention of any of the provisions of this Act shall be punishable with simple imprisonment which may extend to one year, or with fine which may extend to five hundred rupees, or with both.
23. Recognition of marriages solemnized under law of other countries:
If the Central Government is satisfied that the law in force in any foreign country for the solemnization of marriages contains provisions similar to those contained in this Act, it may, by notification in the Official Gazette, declare that marriages solemnized under the law in force in such foreign country shall be recognized by courts in India as valid.
24. Certification of documents of marriages solemnized in accordance with local law in a foreign country:
(1) Where —
(a) a marriage is solemnized in any foreign country specified in this behalf by the Central Government, by notification in the Official Gazette, in accordance with the law of that country between parties of whom one at least is a citizen of India; and
(b) A party to the marriage who is such citizen produces to a Marriage Officer register in the country in which the marriage was solemnized —
(i) a copy of the entry in respect of the marriage in the marriage register of that country certified by the appropriate authority in that country to be a true copy of that entry; and
(ii) if the copy of that entry is not in the English language, a translation into the prescribed language of that copy; and
(c) the Marriage Officer is satisfied that the copy of the entry in the marriage register is a true copy and that the translation, if any, is a true translation;
the Marriage Officer, upon the payment of the prescribed fee, shall certify upon the copy that he is satisfied that the copy is a true copy of the entry in the marriage register and upon the translation that he is satisfied that the translation is a true translation of the copy and shall issue the copy and the translation to the said party.
(2) A document relating to a marriage in a foreign country issued under sub-section (1) shall be admitted in evidence in any proceedings as if it were a certificate duly issued by the appropriate authority of that country.
25. Certificate copy of entries to be evidence:
Every certified copy purporting to be signed by the Marriage Officer of an entry of a marriage in the Marriage Certificate Book shall be received in evidence without production or proof of the original.
26. Correction of errors:
(1) Any Marriage Officer who discovers any error in the form or substance of any entry in the Marriage Certificate Book may, within one month next after the discovery of such error, in the presence of the persons, married, or, in case of their death or absence, in the presence of two other witnesses, correct the error by entry in the margin without any alteration of the original entry and add thereto the date of such correction.
(2) Every correction made under this Section shall be attested by the witnesses in whose presence it was made.
27. Act not to affect validity of marriages outside it:
Nothing in this Act shall in any way affect the validity of a marriage solemnized in a foreign country otherwise than under this Act.
28. Power to make rules:
(1) The Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, make rules for carrying out the purposes of this Act.
(2) In particular, and without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing power, such rules may provide for all or any of the following matters, namely :-
(a) the duties and powers of Marriage Officers and their districts;
(b) the manner in which a Marriage Officer may hold any inquiry under this Act;
(c) the manner in which notices of marriage shall be published;
(d) the places in which and the hours between which marriages under this Act may be solemnized;
(e) the form and the manner in which any books required by or under this Act to be kept shall be maintained;
(f) the form and manner in which certificates of marriages may be entered under sub- section (5) of Section 17;
(g) the fees that may be levied for the performance of any duty imposed upon a Marriage Officer under this Act;
(h) the authorities to which, the form in which and the intervals within which copies of entries in the Marriage Certificate Book shall be sent, and, when corrections are made in the Marriage Certificate Book, the manner in which certificates of such corrections shall be sent to the authorities;
(i) the inspection of any book required to be kept under this Act and the furnishing of certified copies of entries therein;
(j) the manner in which and the condition subject to which any marriage may be recognised Section 23;
(k) any other matter which may be, or requires to be, prescribed.
(3) Every rule made under this Section shall be laid as soon as may be after it is made before each House of Parliament while it is in session for a total period of thirty days which may be comprised in one session or in two or more successive sessions, and if, before the expiry of the session, immediately following the session or the successive sessions aforesaid] both Houses agree in making any modification in the rule or both Houses agree that the rule should not be made, the rule shall thereafter have effect only in such modified form or be of no effect, as the case may be; so, however, that any such modification or annulment shall be without prejudice to the validity of anything previously done under that rule.
29. Amendment of Act 43 of 1954:
In the Special Marriage Act, 1954,–
(a) in Section 1, in sub-section (2), for the words “outside the said territories”, the words “in the State of Jammu and Kashmir” shall be substituted;
(b) in Section 2, clauses (a) and (c) shall be omitted;
(c) in Section 3, for sub-section (2), the following sub-section shall be substituted, namely;
‘(2) For the purposes of this Act, in its application to citizens of India domiciled in the territories to which this Act extends who are in the State of Jammu and Kashmir, the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, specify such officers of the Central Government as it may think fit to be the Marriage Officers for the State or any part thereof.”;
(d) in Section 4, for clause (e), the following clause shall be substituted, namely :-
‘(e) where the marriage is solemnized in the State of Jammu and Kashmir, both parties are citizens of India domiciled in the territories to which this Act extends.”
(e) in Section 10, for the words “outside the territories to which this Act extends in respect of an intended marriage outside and said territories”, the words “In the State of Jammu and Kashmir in respect of an intended marriage in the State” shall be substituted;
(f) in Section 50, in sub-section (1), the words “diplomatic and consular officers and other” shall be omitted.
The Indian Foreign Marriage Act, 1903 (14 of 1903), is hereby repealed.
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Samsung unveiled the solar powered full-touch screen phone “Blue Earth” and will debut this eco friendly mobile phone at the MWC 2009 next week.
Samsung will show no Android smartphones, but will of course still have a broad showcase of their new 2009 phone line-up.
Samsung says that the Blue Earth is the first solar powered full-touch screen phone. By charging with the solar panel located on the back of the phone, users can generate enough electronic power to call anytime anywhere.
The Blue Earth phone has apparently an eco calculator installed that tells you how many trees you saved while using the solar charger of the phone.
The Samsung Blue Earth is made from recycled plastic called PCM, which is extracted from water bottles, helping to reduce fuel consumption and carbon emissions in the manufacturing process. The device, including charger, is free from harmful substances such as Brominated Flame Retardants, Beryllium and Phthalate.
The packaging for Blue Earth is designed to be both small and light, made from recycled paper, and comes with a 5 star energy efficient charger which uses standby power lower than 0.03W. As part of the Voluntary Agreement of European Commission IPP (Integrated Product Policy) pilot program, Samsung has agreed to start using rating on energy consumption on the no-load mode of the mobile device charger.
“Samsung’s ‘The Blue Earth Dream’ demonstrates our small but meaningful commitments for the future and our environment,” said Mr. JK Shin, Executive Vice President and Head of Mobile Communication Division of Samsung Electronics. "We are committed to achieving the highest eco-status with our customers and business partners by providing the best eco-products and promoting eco-activities.”
When the Blue Earth phone will ship is not known yet. See Hi-res Photos of the Blue Earth.
The Mobile World Congress 2009 (MWC 2009) is starting on February 16th and lasts until the 19th. The MWC 2009 (former 3GSM) takes place again in Barcelona. See our MWC 2009 Preview to get an idea what new mobile phones will be unveiled at the MWC 2009. More MWC 2009 News can be found in our Mobile Phone section.
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Video Analysis for baseball
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I have been collecting frogs since I was a child. From the live frogs I collected in aquariums, to the glass frogs I would later collect as an adult. Most recently, I approached a large frog just so I could touch it on the head. Naturally it leaped into the water, but I felt accomplished none-the-less. So, what is it with frogs anyway?
Italian song, Lu Rusciu te lu mare (watch the video on youtube: http://www.youtube.com/watch? v=0jryWN38HfQ&feature=player_embedded) Background of the song: Singing passoniale Gallipoli tells of an impossible love between the daughter of a king and a soldier, a love prevented, in a time when class distinctions were very much alive, so that the author compares the conflict between Turks and Spaniards, historical invaders of our land. The year in which it seems that this song had emerged as one of many popular songs is typical of the area in 1978, by Luigi Cardigliano, originally Ugento (LE), a boy who at the time was in Florence. It was in this city for several years, from 1974 to 1980 in Piazza della Signoria or near the Uffizi Palace was created a sort of ethnic community, comprising people orgine Puglia, Calabria, Sicily and Sardinia. These were mainly young people who were there to study and every night, all night until dawn, driven by the desire entertainment night, were given appointment in the usual spot. It was a kind of theater that it was formed, where each partner brings their own musical experiences: there was one who had talent for singing, who invest for the dance. The original Presena a rather slow pace, was Louis Cardigliano to change making it more rich musical arrangements and giving it a more measured pace. The same Cardigliano, who sang this song solo, he added a verse which became the last. The peculiarity of this song, among other things typical of all the others that arose and spread at that time was the absence of music.
Chrea created this harmony of sounds was the polyphony of voices: three or four different voices that overlap each other gave birth to a melody sound rare in its sweetness. Had not used any tools. It was around 1993-94 when Bruno plucked, of Melissano (LE), a friend of Cardigliano, she joined a fledgling group called the Bua "and other popular songs to sing incominiciò not yet well known. the opportunity to propose a third version of "U rusciu te lu mare", the pace even faster than the previous year, with the addition of another verse, which concludes the story of two lovers. The verse said "U rusciu lu te Mutu sea is strong, fija te lu ta king's death." The new final stanza took the place, who in turn became the penultimate. (Translated from Italian to ENGLISH) In some versions of this song is missing the first two verses and the song was best known of those years that immediately succeeded in attracting the interest of many. It was quickly learned by those who attended each night to show the sort of improvised from this close-knit group of friends. It distinguished the Sardinians, master par excellence of Italian folk music. From what you told the Sardinians were reluctant to introduce outsiders to their group, but the skill of the Florentine community of some guys, so if you can call it, could not that lead them to choose. And between these guys remember Bruno and Luigi Cardigliano plucked, for the extraordinary complementarily of their voices. Lyrics - Italian LU RUSCIU TE LU MARE (Gallipoli Lecce) Nu giurnu scei 'ncaccia a li patuli e 'ntisi na cranonchiula cantare. A una a una le sentia cantare ca me pariane lu rusciu te lu mare. Lu rusciu te lu mare è troppu forte la fija te lu re si ta la morte. Iddha si ta la morte e jeu la vita la fija te lu re sta se marita. Iddha sta se marita e jeu me 'nzuru la fija te li re porta nu fiuru. Iddha porta nu fiuru e jeu na parma la fija te lu re sta va 'lla Spagna. Iddha sta va la Spagna e jeu 'n Turchia la fija te lu re è a zita mia. E vola vola vola vola vola e vola vola vola palomba mia ca jeu lu core meu te l'aggiu ddare ca jeu lu core meu te l'aggiu ddare
English THE ROAR OF THE SEA - LU RUSCIU TE LU MARE (LYRICS) One night I was walking along the marsh And I heard the frogs singing And I heard the frogs singing One by one I heard them singing So that it sounded like the roar of the sea So that it sounded like the roar of the sea The roar of the sea is very loud The king's daughter gives herself to death She gives herself to death and I to life The king's daughter is going to get married She's going to be married and I'll be bridegroom The king's daughter gives me a flower She gives me a flower and I give her a palm-tree The king's daughter is going to Spain She's going to Spain and I'm to Turkey The kings's daughter my sweetheart And fly fly fly dove fly And fly fly fly my dove For I have got this heart For I have got this heart to give you The roar of the sea is very loud The king's daughter gives herself to death The king's daughter gives herself to death The more I understand the allegorical value of the lyrics, the more I like this song. The song was made part of a transcendental dance class I have been taking, under the instruction of Julia R, Zay, author of Ecstasia. I was recently watching Elizabeth R, a series put out by the BBC in the 1970's. Elizabeth I, refers to the Duke she is betrothed to as, ' her little Frog'. Initially he takes offense, and in response she calls him ignorant. She asks that one of her advisers teach him the symbolism. Sir Lester, explains to him that in Ancient Rome the frog, represented a love token.
Ancient Greece and Rome A frog being eaten by King Stork, an illustration by Milo Winter in a 1919 Aesop anthology The Greeks and Romans associated frogs with fertility and harmony, and with licentiousness in association with Aphrodite. * The combat between the Frogs and the Mice (Batrachomyomachia) was a mock epic, commonly attributed to Homer. * The Frogs Who Desired a King is a fable, attributed to Aesop. The Frogs prayed to Zeus asking for a King. Zeus set up a log to be their monarch. The Frogs protested they wanted a fierce and terrible king, not a mere figurehead. So Zeus sent them a Stork to be their king. The new king hunted and devoured his subjects (as many human kings also do). * The Frogs is a comic play by Aristophanes. The choir of frogs sings the famous line: "Brekekekex koax koax." (source: Cooper, JC (1992). Symbolic and Mythological Animals. London: Aquarian Press. pp. 106–08. ISBN 1-85538-118-4.) Source: Wikipedia FROG: A symbol of fertility to many cultures. The Romans linked it to Aphrodite, the Egyptian to the shape-shifting goddess Heket who would take the form of a frog. To the Chinese, it symbolized the moon -"the lunar, yin principle" bringing healing and prosperity. Since frogs need watery places, their image was often used in occult rain charms. Source: A new classical dictionary of Greek and Roman biography, mythology, and geographical By Sir William Smith It makes sense, considering how often frogs show up in Greek/Roman plays, Fairy Tales (The Frog Prince), Italian folk tales, and music. I found a book, on Google books entitled: The woman's encyclopedia of myths and secrets, By Barbara G. Walker It lists frogs as a medieval totem of witches (questionable), and the author associates frogs with Hecate, rather than Aphrodite. It goes on to say, that the Egyptians specifically used the frog to represent the human fetus (tadpole), and amulets found made by the Egyptians in the shape of a frog read: "I Am the Resurrection", spoken by Hecate. It is believed that this is where early Christians got the idea of using this phraseology. It later goes on to read, that at a much later date the Romans did associate it with Venus, as the Fleur de lis, represented the triple frog, as her yoni. Tailors of the time, were instructed to include 9 frogs on every garment, which dates back to the Ancient Babylonians. There was a cylinder seal found containing 9 frogs, as a fertility charm, the 9-fold goddess to represent the 9 months of gestation of a human child. The source, E.M. Budge, is referenced for the source of this information for the book. Frogs, are used in similar ways by different peoples around the world. It is believed that frogs are connected to the waters in the womb, preparation for emerging, water magics, and the sounds frogs make as 'thunder' symbolism. Rain/Thunder. I've been collecting frogs for years, and have heard this symbolism but I hadn't read a scrap that it was related to Rome, until recently.
So, when the frogs are singing in Lu Rusciu te lu Mare, it represents the love between the Turk and the Spaniard yes, but also as a love charm itself.
The Frog talisman (Illustration No. 44, Plate IV-A) was highly esteemed, and is an attribute of Isis, being worn to attract her favors and for fruitfulness. Because of its fertility its hieroglyphic meaning was an immense number. It was also used as a symbol of Ptah, as it represented life in embryo, and by the growth of its feet after birth it typified strength from weakness, and was worn for recovery from disease, also for health and long life, taking the place sometimes of the Crux Ansata or Ankh, as a symbol of life. Source: http://www.jstor.org/pss/4421766
Peru, 800 AD - modeled after the Babylonian model Source: http://www.maltergalleries.com/archives/auction99/nov799.htm There are other 'frog weights' on this site from various cultures.
Frogs An important member of Mythology and Folklore Nov 11, 2006 Diana Tierney It is somewhat surprising that the frog is so important to Mythology and Folklore. Being an amphibean that transforms it is a symbol for birth, death and rebirth. Frogs have held an important role in the mythologies of many civilizations. Most of these myths center around the frog’s transformation from a tadpole to a frog. Many cultures saw this as a rebirth thus associating them with creation myths and the land of the dead. The fact that some frogs can lay up to 3,000 eggs makes it no wonder that they have been associated with many fertility deities and creation itself. In Egypt the frog is most commonly found associated with the goddess Heqet (or Heket) who was the goddess of fertility and childbirth. Sometimes depicted as a frog or a woman with a frog head Heqet was seen as protectress of childbirth. Her priestesses who were trained midwives wore amulets that bore her image. It is theorized that the reason why the Egyptians saw frogs as being a symbol for childbirth and creation was because during certain times of the year thousands of frogs would surface from the Nile River. Thus creating the belief that this was an omen of fruitfulness. In the Greco-Roman tradition the frog was a symbol of Aphrodite and Venus, along with fertility the frog came to represent harmony between lovers. Read more at Suite101: Frogs: An important member of Mythology and Folklore http://www.suite101.com/content/frogs-a9027#ixzz1119uXOdf I had this leather book custom made for me, and I've had for years but it only has (2) pages filled. A sketch of a frog I drew, with a poem I wrote. I'm considering dedicating that book, to frog symbolism.
This is among my favorite frog dolls, that I own. He is a collectors item, the chair alone was $200.00, I received it as a gift many years ago.
There is a plethora of frog symbolism to be found from culture to culture. The areas I have researched thus far are: Japan, China, Greece, (Italy)Rome, Peru, Ancient Babylon, Maya, Egypt, Mojave Desert People (Native Americans), Australia and Medieval Europe, just to name a few. Frogs appear in allegorical artwork, mythology, cultural superstitions, and folk traditions.
Kings and queens, historic battles, the trials of Noah, Jesus on the cross, the birth of Venus, the fall of Babylon, Latona turning the Lycian peasants into frogs. Johann, 1730 In Japan, the word for frog is 'kaeru', the word for return is also 'kaeru' and pronounced the same way, though written differently to communicate which word is in use. Frogs in Japan, are linked to things or people, returning to their place of origin. A frog, could be placed in the home so that money, friends, good luck, and good things come back 'home'. In China, frogs have been used to symbolize immortality, healing, money, the moon and frivolity. If you've ever seen a 3 legged frog statue in a Chinese restaurant, this is traditionally liked to Daoist principles. The frog, is seen as a 'magician' or escape artist. There is a reoccurring character in the stories of a famous Daoist, Liu Hai, who is immortal and keeps a 3-legged toad named Ch'an Chu. The toad knows the secret of immortality, and shares it with Liu Hai out of gratitude for his friendship. A legend tells, that the secret to immortality is found in the fungus that grows on a frog's forehead. As a result, toads and frogs are believed to have medicinal properties. Eating frog legs, is thought to cleanse the person, and prolong life. They are called 'celestial chickens' by the Chinese. The moon association comes from the eggs of frogs thought to float down from the moon, and be carried in the morning dew down stream. The frog represents the Yin, or female force, which must be balanced by the Yang, or male force. If these forces are out of balance, this is believed to cause strife among the Chinese people. Money and Frivolity, are associated with spontaneity, and prosperity from following Daoist principles. In the Native American cultures of the Southwest, images of frogs with wood in their mouth are common. The Mojave people believed that frogs brought fire to humans.
In Australia, the Aborigines believed that frogs brought the rain, to help the plants grow. The 'thunder' was believed to come from their croaking. In Egypt, the frog was associated with the goddess Heqet/Heket, which means 'frog' in Egyptian. She was typically depicted as a frog woman, an Egyptian with a frog-head, or a phallus with a frog at it's end to indicate the association with fertility. She was considered to be wife of the Nile god Sobek. Midwives, called themselves servants to Heqet, women wore Heqet's amulet during childbirth to assist in a successful delivery. The amulet depicted Heqet sitting on a lotus flower, in her frog form. She was considered to be the goddess of the last stages of birth, and for that reason she became known as wife to Chnum, who formed the bodies of new children in his potter's wheel. After Aset was Romanized, to become 'Isis' it was the goddess Heqet who breathed new life into Horus at birth. Horus, because associated with the resurrection of Osiris, so Heqet became more closely associated with resurrection symbolism.
The Ancient Maya, Uo meant frog in the Mayan language. And, Uo is a month on the Mayan calendar. This marked the rainy season. The treetoad would find pools of water at the beginning of this season, breeds, and makes loud croaking sounds. For this reason, this god is associated with rain and agriculture. In 200 AD, during the dry seasons rituals were performed to pay homage to the tree-frog god, to bring the rain, so that crops could grow to feed the people. Frogs in Exodus, as a plague ~ The Plague of Frogs "The frogs will depart from you and your houses and your servants and your people; they will be left only in the Nile."
Frogs, as allegorical symbols have represented water, fertility, emotion, love, birth, resurrection, alchemy, magic, shape-shifting, healing, purification, dream journeying, transformation, and even curses. As the seasons change, so do the most prominent creatures in the forest. Some hibernate in the winter, and emerge in the spring. Spring-time, is associated with fertility due to the emergence of new growth, and thousands of species which lie dormant during the Fall/Winter months. When people wanted to enhance their sexual magic, a frog was seen as a beneficial creature. Frogs kept in jars, or frog symbolism (statues, tapestries, fetishes, dolls, etc.) present during sex, was thought to ensure conception. Many folk practices emerged from the superstitions and legends about frogs. If a woman thought her husband to be unfaithful, she would stick pins into a frog, and bury it. It was believed that her husband would be in extreme pain, and would make his way back home to his wife for her care. She would dig up the frog, and remove the pins, and this would make the pain disappear. He would stay faithful from that point on, most likely out of fear, of what she could do. Hence, many of the legendary stories of 'harmful witches' in antiquity. Fairy Tales: The Frog-Prince, by the Brothers Grimm Folk Lore: Exploratorium, Frogs http://www.exploratorium.edu/frogs/ Dream Symbolism: The Dream Book, Betty Bethards Greek Plays: The Frogs, by Aristophanes Stories: The Hop-Frog, by Edgar Allan Poe Superstitions: The History & Use of Amulets, Charms and Talismans, by Gary R. Varner Forum Discussion: Paganspace.net http://www.paganspace.net/forum/topics/the-allegorical-value-of-frogs SIN JONES The Poison Apple www.the poison-apple.com September 2010
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In an essay on Flannery O'Connor for Religion & Ethics Newsweekly, David E. Anderson writes:
Revisiting O’Connor after five decades, it still remains difficult to find that Catholic sensibility she and many of her admiring critics insist permeates her work, and other shortcomings—in particular the almost complete absence of attention to race and the civil rights movement that was convulsing her beloved South as she wrote some of her most powerful works—become increasingly apparent with distance. It can even be argued that the signature elements of her style—character as grotesque, gratuitous violence as the bearer of meaning—no longer shock, no longer convince.
Anderson is principally concerned in this essay with the question of whether O'Connor's work is adequately and recognizably Catholic for current readers, and about that subject I have no opinion. The way in which O'Connor's work embodies a particular interpretation of Catholic doctrine has always seemed to me the least interesting subject of inquiry into her fiction, and, as Anderson does correctly note, most non-scholarly readers remain unaware that it even is a subject relevant to the fiction, so fully is that fiction otherwise focused on its depiction of its Southern mileu, grotesque characters, and perversely melodramatic events.
I am interested in the issues Anderson raises in the passage I've quoted, mostly because his comments are so misguided and misleading. Anderson identifies as a flaw in O'Connor's fiction "the almost complete absence of attention to race and the civil rights movement." It has always seemed bizarre to me that an "absence of attention" to this or that condition or phenomenon in a writer's work could be considered a "shortcoming," as if every writer is under the necessary burden to address every fact of life that confronted the writer in his/her time and place. O'Connor had no obligation to portray race relations or to confront issues of civil rights. Her subject lay elsewhere, in the lives of white Southerners and the effects of class and religion. If it is true that O'Connor's work is anchored in the belief that the world around her was "mired in nihilism," that view could not plausibly be embodied in stories centered on the lives of Southern blacks. They were themselves neither nihilists nor the victims of nihilism in the theological/philosophical terms with which O'Connor was concerned. They were the victims of bigotry, and this is a more mundane human evil that doesn't really get to the spiritual corruptions O'Connor was at pains to disclose. A writer should be judged by what her work does attempt, not by what it doesn't.
Anderson's most nonsensical assertion, however, is that the distinctive features of O'Connor's "style" are to be found in "character as grotesque, gratuitous violence as the bearer of meaning." This shows such a thorough misunderstanding of what "style" in fiction refers to that it really cancels out everything else Anderson has to say about Flannery O'Connor as a literary artist. It may be true that the narrative use of "violence as the bearer of meaning" no longer shocks, although I never thought the violence in O'Connor's fiction was exactly shocking in the first place--the violence at the conclusion of "A Good Man is Hard to Find" is so prolonged and so interspersed with absurd dialogue ("absurd" as in "darkly comic") that the effect is more operatic than startling. And I, for one, find her characters just as grotesque the second or third time around as I did the first time I encountered them. "Style," however, encompasses not the writer's narrative strategy or character creation but her "signature" use of words, her language, her way with phrases, sentences, and paragraphs. This element of O'Connor's fiction has not eroded with time at all but is still just as compelling as ever.
Here's one of the first paragraphs in the story "Greenleaf":
She had been conscious in her sleep of a steady rhythmic chewing as if something were eating one wall of the house. She had been aware that whatever it was had been eating as long as she had had the place and had eaten everything from the beginning of her fence line up to the house and now was eating the house and calmly with the same steady rhythm would continue through the house, eating up her and the boys and then on, eating everything but the Greenleafs, on and on, eating everything until nothing was left but the Greenleafs on a little island all their own in the middle of what had been her place. When the munching reached her elbow, she jumped up and found herself, fully awake, standing in the middle of her room. She identifed the sound at once: a cow was tearing at the shrubbery under her window. Mr. Greenleaf had left the lane gate open and she didn't doubt that the entire herd was on her lawn. She turned on the dim pink table lamp and then went to the window and slit the blind. The bull, gaunt and long-legged, was standing about four feet from her, chewing calmly like an uncouth country suitor.
Surely this passage is just as cadenced, just as precise and as evocatively creepy as it was when O'Connor wrote it. Far from being no longer convincing, O'Connor's style survives all the blather about theology and "Christian realism" and cathartic violence that only takes us away from the words on the page, where O'Connor's real literary legacy is to be found.
Anderson's flip, and deeply misinformed, dismissal of O'Connor's style bothers me not just as it applies to Flannery O'Connor's style in particular but as an illustration of a broader ignorance about what we talk about when we talk about literary style. "Style" operates in much literary discussion as an all-purpose substitute for narrative method or point of view, "technique" or "tone," characterization or particular types of dialogue. I understand that readers don't always want to be bothered with the niceties of literary criticism, but a great deal of ordinary discourse about literature seems designed to distract us from a writer's actual words, where "style" is indeed substance.
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Disclaimer: I received a copy of this book for review. This post contains affiliate links--thanks for your support!
Over the 6 years that I’ve been a mom, I’ve managed to accumulate children’s books on almost every imaginable theme. One that we are a little lean on is numbers. When I saw that Thomas Nelson was offering a counting devotional for littles, I was excited to sneak a little learning in for my youngest :).
Really Woolly: 12 Little Blessings is a cute padded board book for littles that you can use several different ways. The first twelve two-page spreads have a bible verse, a 4 line poem and a little prayer, which could be read each night. You could also just read the 4-line poems as if it were a regular book. At the end, each page has one of the blessings from 12 to one–i.e. 12 soaring birds, 11 fluttering butterflies, etc. These would be great counting pages. The very last page is a poem composed of rhyming couplets, that is fine to read on its own.
The illustrations are darling and fairly neutral. Intended for ages 3-7, I might buy it even younger than intended. My 6 year old daughter was less than impressed, but my 3 year old liked it well enough :). Since its a board book, I feel comfortable bringing it out sooner. As with most Thomas Nelson books, Really Woolly: 12 Little Blessings is of gift giving quality and would make a lovely addition to a small child’s Easter Basket.
If you’d like to win one for the child in you life, enter using the widget below.
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The Reason Why Every Person Love Medical Professional.
A Physician, additionally referred to as a clinical doctor or expert, is a person who specializes in the treatment of people. Physicians are trained to detect and treat clinical conditions, detect health problem, as well as offer diagnosis. Along with advertising health, physicians can assist recover and also deal with injuries as well as impairments. To get more information regarding what a Medical professional does, read on. Listed here are some features of a Doctor. Listed here are some of the most usual responsibilities of a Physician.
There more than one million doctors in the United States. Some concentrate on general health care while others specialize in a details part of the body. After finishing medical school, aiming medical professionals then full residency training in their picked specialty. Residency training can last anywhere from 3 to 7 years. Below, we’ll go over 20 usual doctor specialties and also offer a quick summary of each. For more details, visit the site of the American Board of Medical Specialties.
A physician is educated to check out individuals and identify whether a certain wellness problem is serious. Their knowledge lies in diagnosis, which is based upon solid assessment, expertise, and judgment. In addition to offering intense care to their individuals, medical professionals handle chronic conditions. This calls for consistent monitoring of a client’s wellness and also a keen understanding of threat aspects, complexity, and also changing circumstances. There are many types of medical professionals, so you can choose an area that fascinates you.
The beginnings of the role of a doctor are contested. Some chroniclers believe the career goes back to as for 25,000 BC, when cave paintings in France show healers making use of plants as remedies and puncturing an individual’s head with a sharp object. Old worlds used similar clinical practices and also a Doctorate Level was first awarded in the 12th century in Paris to highly enlightened people. Some chroniclers believe that the first medical professional was Elizabeth Blackwell, a doctor that graduated from SUNY Upstate Medical University.
Prior to coming to be a physician, you should finish your bachelor’s degree in an area pertaining to the medical area. Lots of doctors don’t seek an academic degree prior to getting the blog post. Instead, most people make a bachelor’s degree in biology, chemistry, or one more life science. The pre-medical course involves examining composition as well as physiology as well as chemistry along with biology. The level will certainly additionally assist you gain a much better understanding of the area of medicine all at once.
In addition to serving clients, physicians educate the general public regarding clinical problems as well as use advice on healthy and balanced living. They additionally educate clinical pupils, residents, medical professional’s assistants, and also progressed technique nurses. The difference between a medical professional as well as a medical professional is very little and can be utilized interchangeably in everyday applications. When it pertains to health care, medical professionals are the experts. There are nothing else professionals who can do the job much better. It is an excellent honor to work in the field of medication.
Medical institution commonly takes 4 years to finish. After graduation, a physician will certainly then have 3 to six years of residency. Depending on the state, there may be added coursework required. Lots of candidates, nonetheless, pick to finish a pre-med or biology major to raise their chances of approval. In addition to clinical school, aspiring physicians must complete a teaching fellowship or residency program. During the residency, they gain real-world experience. Relying on the specialty, residency programs might take 3 to 6 years to finish.
A pediatrician concentrates on dealing with youngsters. They study health problems and also injuries connected to children, and carry out pediatric surgical treatments. An orthopedic specialist treats conditions of the bone and also joint system. A urologist focuses on treatment of conditions as well as injuries of the urinary system and related frameworks of the face. This sort of doctor might do vasectomies to avoid the incident of birth defects. These are just a few of the many specialties of a pediatrician.
As a doctor, you need to be knowledgeable about the larger context of health care as well as know exactly how to access as well as usage sources to deal with people. There are various sorts of medical professionals – MDs, DOs, and also osteopathic physicians. Both kinds of medical professionals have their very own specialized and may concentrate on a particular part of the body. The distinction in between a DO as well as an MD is the training you total for each and every. Despite the specialty, nonetheless, there are several similarities in between the two.
In addition to your health care company, you may additionally talk to a medical professional assistant or a nurse practitioner. Typically, primary care carriers work in outpatient settings, but might additionally help with medical facility care when required. While there are differences in between medical care and also other medical professionals, the role of a medical care company is important for the health of an individual. If you have health insurance, you will certainly need to locate a company who accepts it.
A medical professional is a doctor who is an experienced healthcare service provider. Their responsibilities consist of promoting health, preserving health, and also recovering health. This function likewise includes identifying an individual’s problem and dealing with injury or disability. A physician is also called a doctor or a medical doctor. They collaborate with the general public to enhance their lives through the provision of health care solutions. Whether it is a simple appointment or a difficult procedure, a doctor can deal with an individual’s medical demands.
A medical professional’s training can be in among the 30 specializeds readily available. Most specialties entail both in as well as out-patient treatment. People with a certain rate of interest can concentrate on operating in an emergency clinic or in a dermatology practice. There are also several specialties outside of emergency situation treatment. These specialties might have specialized training, which can be useful for people who prefer to operate in an environment without a lot of people. The variety of specializeds available to choose from is endless and might not be the same as you ‘d initially think. Click for more info
Lots of doctors go after careers in various other locations of medication. Some end up being attorneys, public health administrators, and also licensed monetary coordinators. Others come to be musicians or carvers. Still others work in the arts, functioning as group physicians in sports and community events. A growing populace as well as growing aging populace will certainly develop even more work opportunities for physicians. These jobs need considerable time and dedication. However, the benefits of being a physician will exceed the prices. There are numerous obstacles facing physicians, however the majority of will eventually achieve their specialist objectives.
The beginnings of the career of doctor can be mapped as far back as 25,000 B.C. Some cave paintings in France illustrate healers using plants to ease discomfort. From there, ancient people developed their clinical techniques. Throughout the Center Ages, the very first Doctorate Level was awarded in Paris, France, to an extremely discovered individual in the fields of medicine, regulation, as well as faith. So, it is no surprise that medical professionals have been exercising medication for countless years.
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UK consumers in a flap with turkeys
Consumers have a worrying lack of knowledge of turkeys, the results of a National Farmers’ Union (NFU) survey has found prior to Christmas.
One in five people say that turkeys can fly while one in ten believes the bird originates from Turkey.
The NFU-commissioned poll quizzed 3,000 people about their festive eating habits, how they choose a Christmas bird and how much they know about turkeys in general.
The results revealed that 20% of people believe turkeys can fly with a further 14% not knowing if this is true or not – 66% cent said they cannot. 10% of people think turkeys originate from Turkey while nearly half have no idea where they come from. Only 11% know that a male turkey is called a stag.
Mike Bailey, vice-chairman of the NFU poultry board representing turkeys, said: “I am pleased to add that 67% of British public will tuck into turkey as their main meal on Christmas Day, with 58% saying they will buy fresh.”
The survey coincides with the re-launch of website www.ukturkeys.co.uk, where producers can register their businesses and consumers can find their nearest turkey supplier by using just their postcode. More than 300 producers have already signed up, the NFU has said.
The survey also found that people in the North East are least likely to eat turkey this Christmas as their main meal, with those in the North West most likely. Londoners are most likely to eat a fresh turkey on the day while people in the West Midlands are more keen on frozen. It also found that 39% of people only eat turkey at Christmas.
27 October, 2016, 8:30
Next steps for tackling obesity: prevention, sugar consumption a
01 - 03 November, 2016
China Foodtech 2017
07 November, 2016
Butcher’s Shop of the Year
01 December, 2016, 8:30 - 13:30
Policy priorities for the UK food, drink and farming industry
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TORONTO, Feb. 4, 2016 /CNW/ - The President of OPSEU is pleased the Ontario government is moving to address Post‑Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) among first responders. However, Warren (Smokey) Thomas stressed that legislation is needed to underpin any meaningful PTSD strategy.
"It's great that the government wants to talk about PTSD," said Thomas, "but talk won't compensate past, present or future sufferers of PTSD. As the law stands, the burden of proof is on the injured worker, meaning many first responders have been unjustly denied benefits.
"The law needs to change so the onus is on the employer. The Minister of Labour says he's 'leaning towards' legislation. Well, he'd better lean all the way, because without a change in the law, the Workplace Safety and Insurance Board can keep traumatized workers jumping through hoops to prove they got sick on the job. And that just adds insult to injury."
OPSEU Ambulance Division Chair Jamie Ramage agreed that the government's proposed measures do not go far enough. "We welcome awareness campaigns and research," he said, "but the WSIB needs to presume that PTSD is a workplace-acquired illness for first responders. That means putting presumption right into the legislation. It's the only way a PTSD strategy will be truly effective."
NDP Labour critic Cheri DiNovo has introduced three bills on the matter since 2010. Bill 67 received all-party support in February 2014. DiNovo introduced Bill 2 on July 7, 2014. If passed, it would follow the examples of Alberta and Manitoba in putting the onus on the WSIB to prove a case of PTSD was not caused at work. Since then, the bill has stalled.
Ramage said that OPSEU paramedics support Bill 2, but they believe workers in all occupations who experience traumatic events on the job should be presumed to have an occupational disease if they develop PTSD or other psychological injuries.
Thomas is urging the government to move forward on Bill 2. "Eighteen months ago, Cheri introduced a great bill to recognize the long-term effects of traumatic events on our heroic first responders. If this government is serious about addressing PTSD, then let's pass Bill 2. It's the right thing to do."
SOURCE Ontario Public Service Employees Union (OPSEU)
For further information: Jamie Ramage, 905-730-9351
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California Legislature Approves Same-Sex Marriage
The California Assembly passed a historic gay marriage bill Tuesday night. It would recognize such unions performed in the state. But Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger has threatened to veto the measure.
Tamara Keith, reporter with KPCC in Pasadena, Calif.
Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.
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A subgroup of adults with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) also exhibit excessive emotional reactions to everyday occurrences, and this combination of ADHD and emotional reactivity appears to run in families. A study from a Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH)-based research team finds that siblings of individuals with both ADHD and deficient emotional self-regulation (DESR) had a significantly greater risk of having both conditions than did siblings of those with ADHD alone. The study, which will appear in the American Journal of Psychiatry, has received early online release.
"Our research offers strong evidence that heritable factors influence how we control our emotions," says Craig Surman, MD, of the MGH Pediatric Psychopharmacology and Adult ADHD Program, the study's lead author. "Emotion like capacities such as the ability to pay attention or control physical movement is probably under forms of brain control that we are just beginning to understand. Our findings also indicate that ADHD doesn't just impact things like reading, listening and getting the bills paid on time; it also can impact how people regulate themselves more broadly, including their emotional expression."
Along with the classic ADHD symptoms of trouble paying attention, excessive physical activity and poor impulse control, many individuals with ADHD display high levels of anger, frustration and impatience. In contrast to mood disorders, which are characterized by the persistence of specific emotions and behaviors, DESR involves emotional expressions that are brief and occur in reaction to situations that would be expected to produce similar but much less extreme responses in most individuals. For example, an individual who consistently reacts to minor disappointments by snapping at family members or co-workers or who displays great distress in response to small inconveniences may have DESR.
While some investigators have proposed that poor emotional control be included among the defining symptoms of ADHD, previous studies have not clarified whether the two conditions are separate conditions that appear together by chance or if they are related. Also previously unknown was whether DESR is transmitted among family members, something that is well known to be the case for ADHD.
The current study began with a group of 83 participants 23 with ADHD alone, 27 with ADHD plus DESR, and 33 comparison participants with neither condition and then enrolled one or more siblings of each of the original participants. Researchers conducted standardized diagnostic interviews with all participants to determine whether they met the criteria for ADHD and other mental health conditions. Diagnoses were confirmed by expert clinicians who were blinded to participants' diagnoses or their sibling status. Participants also reported their current frequency of DESR-associated symptoms and were determined to have DESR if their control of emotional reactions was worse than that of 95 percent of a large group of individuals without ADHD, which included the comparison sample in this study.
As expected, ADHD was more common, in the siblings of original participants with ADHD than in the comparison group. However, co-occurrence of both ADHD and DESR was found almost exclusively among siblings of the original participants who reported both conditions.
"Other research that we and another group have conducted found that individuals with ADHD who also display emotional overreaction have a reduced quality of life and difficulties with personal relationships and social success," Surman says. "Studies have shown that 4 percent of the adult population has ADHD, and this investigation is part of a larger study that found DESR in more than half of the enrolled adults with ADHD, suggesting that roughly 5 million adults in the U.S. may have the combination of ADHD and poor emotional control."
He adds, "Increased recognition of emotional dysregulation, its frequency in adults with ADHD and the potential consequences of both conditions will help people get support for these challenges. Future research needs to examine both medication- and non-medication-based therapies and improve our understanding of who could benefit from these therapies." Surman is an instructor in Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School.
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$56.00 donated in past month
From the Open-Publishing Calendar
From the Open-Publishing Newswire
Indybay FeatureRelated Categories: California | Central Valley | North Coast | U.S. | Environment & Forest Defense
Tribes and Fishermen Speak Out Against Clean Water Permit for Klamath Dams
People from the Klamath Basin and throughout California are urging the State Water Resources Control Board to not grant Warren Buffett-owned PacifiCorp a clean water permit because of the degradation of water quality resulting from the operation of company's dams on the river.
Photo: Dania Colegrove, Klamath Riverkeeper board member, presents the water board staff with a bottle filled with toxic algae and a health advisory posted at Iron Gate and Copco reservoirs.
People Say No to Warren Buffett’s Dams at Klamath River Hearing in Sacramento
by Dan Bacher
Over 40 people attending a public hearing in Sacramento on October 29 delivered a resounding message to state water officials – don’t give PacifiCorp a section 401 clean water permit needed to relicense its fish-killing dams on the Klamath River.
A diverse group including members of the Hoopa Valley, Yurok, Karuk, Quartz Valley, Winnemem Wintu and Miwok Tribes, recreational anglers, commercial fishermen and environmental activists spoke passionately about the poor quality of the water on the river and the need to remove the dams before the staff of the California State Water Resources Control Board. Not one person spoke in favor of granting PacifiCorp a permit!
The water board held a series of scoping meetings on PacifiCorp's Klamath Hydroelectric Project (KHP) Environmental Impact Report (EIR) throughout the state in October. The hearing in Sacramento followed heavily-attended hearings in Klamath, Orleans, Yreka and Eureka.
The scoping meeting held in Sacramento on October 29 was sparsely attended by water board staff and their hired consultant from Entrix, Inc. Tam Doduc, the chair of the board, showed up to hear comments about halfway through the meeting.
Daina Colegove, a member of the Hoopa Valley Tribe and board member of the Klamath Riverkeeper, presented a big bottle filled with toxic blue green algae that she gathered from behind Iron Gate Dam as a “gift” to the board.
“We are unable to use the river for swimming because of the toxic algae and it’s getting worse every year,” she said. “We don’t want to see another fish kill like the one we had in 2002 (when over 68,000 salmon died).”
Richard Myers, a member of the Yurok Tribal Council, also complained about the bad condition of water quality on the Klamath.
“I live 24 miles upriver from the mouth at Weitchpec and the river smelled terrible this year in the late spring and early summer because of the algae,” said Myers. “We do our ceremonies, including the World Renewal Dance, on the river. Normally we would bathe in the river during our ceremonies, but the water quality has been so terrible during periods of the toxic algae heath advisory that we are forced to bathe in the creeks instead.”
He traced the decline in the river’s chinook salmon, lamprey eel and candlefish populations to the dramatic decline in water quality on the Klamath in recent years.
“The fish are important, but the Indian people are also important,” Myers stated. “My great aunt used to have a saying: when the Klamath River dies, the Yurok people will die also. Today we depend upon the river just as our ancestors did.”
Virginia, Richard’s daughter, emphasized that the only option for PacifiCorp is to remove their four dams. “As Indian people, we were told by our elders for generations how to build dams to harvest fish – and then take the dams down every year,” she said. “We know a lot about dams – and it’s time to bring PacifiCorp’s dams down!”
“We ate canned and smoked fish every winter and spring when I was a child – now there are not enough fish for all of the members of our tribe,” said Myers. “We come here today as the caretakers for the fish to ask that you not grant PacifiCorp a clean water permit.”
Referring to a section of the EIR that referred to preservation of cultural traditions, she emphasized, “This deserves more that a sentence, a PC bullet point.”
Gary Mulcahy, governmental liason of the Winnemem Wintu Tribe and member of the Delta Vision stakeholders group, also urged the board not to grant the permit. “If this was a civil case in a court of law, the preponderance of evidence would be in favor of not granting a Clean Water Permit to PacifiCorp,” he stated.
Representatives of the Karuk Tribe, Ione Bank of Miwok Indians, the Environmental Justice Coalition for Water, the Pacific Coast Federation of Fishermen's Associations, Water for Fish and environmental groups also asked the board to deny the permit to PacifiCorp.
For the last four years, PacifiCorp's Klamath dams have created one of the worst toxic microcystis algae problems ever recorded, threatening the public health of rural residents and California's three largest Indian Tribes. The State Water Resources Control Board will begin deciding this month if relicensing these dams is consistent with the Clean Water Act.
The state is now reviewing the issue through a special EIR after successful legal action filed by Robert F. Kennedy Jr. for the Klamath Riverkeeper. This action has forced the US EPA to list the algal toxin Microcystin as a pollutant and forced California to regulate PacifiCorp through an EIR. This EIR will determine if the dams are issued clean water certification known as a 401 permit, or if they are removed.
“The 401 permit may be the single most crucial process within the movement to un-dam the Klamath,” according to Malena Marvin, outreach and science director for the Klamath Riverkeeper. “If California denies PacifiCorp’s clean water permit for the dams, it is likely that the only realistic solution to the algae pollution is dam removal.”
Although the hearings are over, you still have an opportunity to send written comments to the water board asking them not to grant PacifiCorp a permit. You can send a quick email message from the Klamath Riverkeeper website at http://www.klamathriver.org/401.html
“Tribal people and others are sending the message loud and clear: PacifiCorp's environmental injustice cannot continue on our river,” said Marvin. “Now it's time to send your message. Help us reach our goal of 5,000 public comments on this issue - endless pressure, endlessly applied will bring these dams down.”
Please don’t delay, since written comments on PacifiCorp's 401 Clean Water permit are due by November 17. Take 30 seconds NOW to send an email from the Klamath Riverkeeper website, then forward this article to 10 friends.
“Thanks to everyone who came to the Water Board's hearings this month, and especially to new Klamath Riverkeeper Board member Dania Rose Colegrove from Hoopa, CA,” added Marvin. “Dania put some serious miles on her rig to dip toxic algae out of Iron Gate Reservoir and deliver it to the Water Board at the dams' clean water hearings in Sacramento and Eureka. We hope you'll support the awesome work of community organizers like Dania by sending YOUR message to the Water Board!”
For background, talking points, and contact information, go to: http://www.klamathriver.org/401.html or contact Malena Marvin, outreach and science director, Klamath Riverkeeper, cell: 541-821-7260, phone/fax: 541-488-3553.
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Over half of Malawi’s population live below the poverty line – earning less than $1 per day.
A typical day in Diya’s life
“After I wake up, I wash the dishes from the night before and then make porridge for breakfast.
“From 6am to 10am I work on our plot. I grow groundnuts, maize and cotton. At the moment the rains have come, so I am weeding. Sometimes I get work on other people’s plots and earn around 24 kwecha an hour (less than 8 pence).
“Our home is made of clay and bricks but the roof is covered with grass, so when it rains, water comes through the roof. The room where I sleep is damaged.
“I attended school in Year 1, but I always felt the odd one out as I didn’t have a uniform. So I left school.
“I envy my friends who can read and write, but even if I could go back to school now I wouldn’t want to because I would be put in the first class with the young children. They would all laugh at me as I can’t read and write and am so much bigger than them.
“When I grow up I want to be a farmer… but a good farmer is a farmer that can read and write.”
Photo © Graeme Robertson
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Mind-controlled nanobots could release drugs inside your brain
Nanorobots have released drugs inside cockroaches, prompted by only a human thoughtJoel Sartore, National Geographic Photo Ark/GettyBy Helen ThomsonA man has used thought alone to control nanorobots inside a living creature for the first time. The technology released a drug inside cockroaches in response to the man’s brain activity – a technique that...
I regard the brain as a computer which will stop working when its component fail. There is no heaven or afterlife for broken-down computers. That is a fairy story for people afraid of the dark
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Private Tour - Artist Studio Visit in Williamsburg, Brooklyn
What a great idea to celebrate a birthday: get your best friends together and take a private tour. The highlight was a studio visit to Brooklyn based artist, Boaz Vaadia.
“My work is based on the concept that man functions according to the same laws as all other creatures of nature. Therefore, the urban environment is not an artificial creation but a natural habitat that we have created for ourselves. Through the exploration of the connection between man and nature, I create sculptures and environments that are contemplative and serene.”
The materials that he uses are all from the immediately area surrounding his studio. They include slate, shingle, bluestone and boulders. Each piece is hand carved using a hammer and chisel. Then the stone layers are stacked to create figurative sculptures. Vaadia’s process parallels natural transformations in stone and recalls ancient methods of construction that rely on the cut and weight of the stone rather than on mortar. The pieces are linked to natural processes and look as though created by wind, water, and time.
About Like A Local Tours: Experience the best that New York City and Brooklyn have to offer with our highly curated, guided walking tours! There is no better way to know a neighborhood and savor its unique charm than by walking in the shoes of its residents.
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Everyone wants their house to be spike and span. Walls that are well painted, floors clean, furniture well polished and kitchen well maintained. These are the basic elements that make your home beautiful. While it may appear to be a tough task, but keeping your house clean is actually a very easy task. All you need is the will power and determination to keep your surroundings beautiful. People use a variety of cleaning mops to bring that extra shine to their floors. But only the right product can help you in getting that sparkle with very little effort. Also, it is very important to carry out these cleaning sessions on a regular basis. A well maintained as well as clean house is not only a treat to live in, but it is also a bonus to the health of the individuals residing in that house.
Apart from mops, sponge cleaning can also be carried out around the entire house to get rid of dirt as well as dust. This kind of cleaning is suitable on almost all the surfaces in a household. The kitchen slab, cabins, electric chimneys, dining tables, appliances, all pieces of furniture, etc can be cleaned using sponges. Not only this, in case the walls in your house are painted using the oil paints, you can also clean them using these sponges. All you need to do is add few drops of a mild detergent or any other cleaning agent and you will never notice dirt on your walls. Walls are one of the most crucial elements of a house which determines its cleanliness as well as hygiene factor. This means that if the walls in your house are clean, half of your work is already done. Also, regular sponging will ensure that there is no need to get your house painted every year. You may paint your house once in 2- 3 years and the shine will retain till the next painting session. This in turn helps in saving a lot of money and resources.
Mops and sponges are available in the market in a variety of sizes as well as shapes. These are designed to do specific tasks. You just need to choose the right mop and sponge from the choices available. Also, these are the cheapest cleaning entities one could lay their hands on. Now- a- days, these are being made with natural material and this further makes them winnable. Once they are used, you can wash and reuse them until and unless that are not in usable condition. Simply throw them in the garbage and you will be causing almost no pollution. Apart from this, you can buy both individual mops and sponges or can buy their sets. The superior absorbing capacity of these sponges makes them easy to use. Next time someone spills water on your floor, simply take out your new mop or sponge and absorb all the water. Sponge cleaning as well as cleaning mops is the easiest as well as the most sustainable way of keeping your house clean and hygienic.
Kirti S is a web enthusiast and a writer. Kirti has afforded his articles and write-ups autonomously and through various online forums.
USE THE RIGHT PRODUCTS TO GIVE YOUR HOUSE THAT UNIQUE SPARKL
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This paper estimates the long-run impact of youth minimum wages on youth employment by exploiting a large discontinuity in Danish minimum wage rules at age 18 and using monthly payroll records for the Danish population. We show theoretically how the discontinuity in the minimum wage may be exploited to estimate the casual effect of a change in the minimum wage of youth on their employment. On average, the hourly wage rate jumps up by 40 percent when individuals turn eighteen years old. Employment (extensive margin) falls by 33 percent and total labor input (extensive and intensive margin) decreases by around 45 percent, leaving the aggregate wage payment nearly unchanged. Data on flows into and out of employment show that the drop in employment is driven almost entirely by job loss when individuals turn 18 years old. We estimate that the relevant elasticity for evaluating the effect on youth employment of changes in their minimum wage is about -0.8.
Here is the paper by Claus Thustrup Kreiner, Daniel Reck, and Peer Ebbesen Skov. For Mississippi it might be worse.
I’ll suggest a general methodological approach here. I think that for Mississippi the chances for this kind of outcome are at least 0.8. Maybe for many of the richer states it would be 0.4? Based on those probabilities, I don’t want to do it, even if you think it is “more likely” that in most areas a higher minimum wage won’t destroy many jobs. What probabilities would be offered by those who defend a minimum wage hike?
Via Bob B.
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Learn which mistakes you should not make when beginning your hardware startup and how you can avoid them
Leading a startup is a big challenge for any new business leader. It can be a lonely and draining path. A company founder’s one job, which the other members cannot due, is get funding for the company so it can run. If you cannot do this, then it’s time to find a partner who can and you can focus on leadership and getting the product to the market instead. You will hear this said over and over again at conferences and business summits by Venture Capitalists and other experienced business leaders who have already run successful companies from the ground up. It is not new information, so why do so many founders still make the same mistakes over and over again? I will give you some insights into which mistakes hardware startup leaders make, and how they could have done things differently, so you will not have to make the same mistakes with your hardware startup. Read on to avoid ending up without funding and low employee morale.
1. Do not launch a crowdfunding campaign too early or overestimate the product delivery time to backers
If a founder does not have experience dealing with manufacturers they will not know how long it will take to get a product created, and all the steps involved which could lead to overestimating the delivery time to crowdfunding backers. So, what should you do if you are a new founder and want to launch a hardware product? Talk to founders who have succeeded and ask them questions so that you can anticipate and plan for unknown situations. Another thing you can do is take a workshop or online course if you have the time. The point is that you need to do your research; otherwise, you are setting yourself up for failure.
Talk to founders who have succeeded and ask them questions, so you can anticipate and plan for unknown situations
When it comes to launching a crowdfunding campaign, make sure you already have a working prototype and have already contacted manufactures to find out what the costs will be. Use the crowdfunding money you earn on the hardware, and not on other things. Save it for when you really need it. If you market your product too early and the manufacturing gets delayed, you will have to deal with unhappy crowdfunding backers, which could end-up tarnishing your brand and company’s reputation.
2. Do not overspend on marketing and budget accordingly
You do not want to be in a place where you cannot pay your employees nor pay for manufacturing, which is where too many startups end up. Make sure you calculate and budget for every single little cost. Don’t be the type of founder who when asked, not have an answer. Lead like you want your employees to work.
Don’t be the type of founder who when asked, does not have an answer.
Don’t spend money on social media ads and attend large expos, like CES, until you are just about to launch. A month or two before the product launch should be enough time to build up some hype around the product so that when it does launch, people will be interested and convert to sales. If you do not have the money available, or have not calculated carefully, do not spend it. All of the money spend on unnecessary marketing could be spent on production costs. The most important thing to do before launching is to focus on production. Furthermore, when you are starting to plan, be very strategic — do not spend money where it is not needed.
3. Not having a CFO when you need a person with those skills
What should you do if your CFO leaves after starting the crowdfunding campaign? At this point, you should start looking for a new CFO, and while you are looking have another person from your team step in who has what it takes to do the budgeting until you find a new CFO. It would be wise to have someone on staff who has the financial knowledge to be on board, for this type of scenario. This person could be your head of marketing or sales. A founder does not have the bandwidth to do everything.
A founder does not have the bandwidth to do everything.
He or she needs to be focused on getting funding for the company and getting the product to market, and a CFO can be there to help manage the financial planning and budgeting. Make sure you have someone on your team who is good at math as well as understands and can create business costs models to act as CFO.
There you have the three mistakes hardware founders can make and how to either prepare for if any of these were to happen or how to prevent them from happening altogether. Try not to worry about making mistakes. You will make mistakes, so learn from the ones you do make and grow. Be humble so you can listen to those with experience and those on your team who might see something you do not. Do your best to strive for your dream carefully and strategically. You will get there, it is just a matter of time until you do.
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Saturday, May 29, 2010
Economic segregation rising in US public schools
The share of public schools with high concentrations of poor students jumped from 12 to 17 percent in eight years, a federal report shows. Economic segregation is tied to the persistent achievement gap
More than 16,000 public schools struggle in the shadows of concentrated poverty. The portion of schools where at least three-quarters of students are eligible for free or reduced-price meals – a proxy for poverty – climbed from 12 percent in 2000 to 17 percent in 2008.
The federal government released a statistical portrait of these schools Thursday as part of its annual Condition of Education report. When it comes to educational opportunities and achievement, the report shows a stark contrast between students in high-poverty and low-poverty schools (those where 25 percent or less are poor).
Economic segregation is on the rise in American schools, and that “separation of rich and poor is the fountainhead of inequality,” says Richard Kahlenberg, a senior fellow at The Century Foundation, a public policy research group in Washington. High-poverty schools “get worse teachers ... are more chaotic ... [have] lower levels of parental involvement ... and lower expectations than at middle-class schools – all of which translate into lower levels of achievement.”
Cities aren’t the only places facing this challenge: Forty percent of urban elementary schools have high poverty rates, but 13 percent of suburban and 10 percent of rural elementary schools do as well. In some states – Mississippi, Louisiana, and New Mexico – concentrated poverty affects more than one-third of K-12 schools.
Hispanic and black children make up the majority of students in high-poverty schools – 46 percent and 34 percent, respectively, compared with just 14 percent white and 4 percent Asian/Pacific Islander.
In tests of reading, math, music, and art, students from high-poverty schools routinely score lower than their peers in low-poverty schools.
“There have been gains in achievement in high-poverty schools over the last decade or so ... but what we don’t see in most cases is a closing of the gap,” says Daria Hall, director of K-12 policy at the Education Trust in Washington, which aims to eliminate such gaps.
In graduation rates, there’s actually been a backward slide. In 2008, high-poverty schools reported that 68 percent of seniors graduated the previous year, compared with 86 percent in 2000. For students in low-poverty schools, the rate remained about 91 percent.
Solutions have been hard to come by, but there are some hopeful signs, Ms. Hall says. The attention to the subgroup of low-income students is relatively new, and some schools and districts are showing success in bringing up their achievement. “The willingness of educators to learn from these schools is heartening,” she says.
To address the gaps, education reformers are trying to connect stronger teachers with the most disadvantaged students. In 2008, about 21 percent of teachers in high poverty schools had less than three years of experience, compared with 15 percent in low-poverty schools. And fewer teachers in high-poverty schools have master’s degrees and standard certifications.
Since 2006, the federal government’s Teacher Incentive Fund (TIF) has been aimed at helping districts improve teacher quality, particularly in high-needs schools. The Department of Education will distribute an additional $437 million in TIF grants this fall.
While efforts to improve high-poverty schools are valiant, they’ve haven’t worked very well, Mr. Kahlenberg says. He advocates reducing the number of high-poverty schools altogether, by giving families more opportunities to choose schools outside of poor neighborhoods, for instance.
About 70 school districts have plans to draw a mix of income backgrounds to different schools, Kahlenberg says, and there are indications that low-income students achieve better in mixed-income settings.
Cambridge, Mass., for instance, strives for income balance in all its schools through a magnet school system. It has similar graduation rates for low-income students as for all students combined (about 85 percent), and outpaces the state average for low-income students (67 percent).
Australia: Black educational handicaps CAN be beaten
With disciplined instruction and enthusiasm -- NOT with currently conventional methods
If you want to see a real Education Revolution then you should go to the remote Cape York town of Aurukun, where Aboriginal leader Noel Pearson has imported a radical teaching program into a school in which more than half of the students were barely reading at kindergarten level, if they could read at all. In terms of indigenous disadvantage, Aurukun was at rock bottom, with NAPLAN test results 70 per cent below the national benchmark, and every year the achievement gap widening.
The social dysfunction of the Cape's most violent town, driven by gambling, drugs and alcohol, was being played out in the schoolyard. But Pearson says the children's backgrounds has always been used by principals, teachers and education department bureaucrats as an "alibi for schooling failure". His philosophy is that if a student is at school and ready to learn, "a learning failure is a teaching failure".
Already, after just one-and-a-half terms, the American-designed Direct Instruction program in which teachers deliver scripted lessons, according to a strictly prescribed, methodical program in literacy and mathematics, has surpassed even Pearson's extraordinarily high hopes. It is a program on which he has staked his reputation, forced into being against the will of much of the educational establishment, and on which his legacy will be judged.
This week, the 17th week of the DI program, a year 4 girl named Imani Tamwoy became the first in the school to have caught up to her grade level in reading. The grade 5 to 7 students managed to master 76 per cent of the kindergarten program in the first 11 weeks, and the prep - or pre-kindy class of four-year olds - is already 40 per cent through the kindergarten language program.
"I'm surprised," Pearson said on Thursday, during a visit with his five-year-old son Ngulunhdhul, aka Charlie, to Aurukun school, two hours by charter flight from his Cairns home. "I thought in Aurukun we'd have a hell of a time with behaviour … I thought Aurukun would be special case, with the notoriety of the school and the community. But it hasn't been, and the great thing is we're doing it with your stock standard Education Queensland teacher. This is the biggest surprise and they're doing a bloody great job."
Pearson travelled to Oregon last year to meet the architect of DI, Professor Siegfried Engelmann, and after a series of bruising negotiations, and entrenched opposition from some teachers and bureaucrats, installed a $7 million three-year trial in Aurukun and Coen schools at the beginning of the year, with the cautious support of the Queensland Education department.
The new principal, Geoff Higham, 59, drafted early this year to replace his less than enthusiastic predecessor, remembers how students in years 8 and 9 used to bring iron bars to school. "The senior boys were out of control. They were reading at kindy level and they hated everything about school," he says. "It's hard to believe the transformation in just 15 or 16 weeks. "This is a wonderful system. All the children are put into ability groups so no one is failing. The teachers aren't failing. The children aren't failing … It's a magnificent successful educational experiment."
Having taught in hardscrabble schools from Kenya to Thursday Island, the former Victorian describes himself as an old-fashioned "chalk and talk" teacher. His previous schools have been described as places where "even the grass sits up straight". He says DI accords with his educational philosophy, that every child can learn, given a disciplined routine and effective instruction. But even in his wildest dreams he hadn't known how effective DI could be.
"I have no doubt the pupils will be at the national level in maths and English in three years' time, and many children will be one, two or three years above that level."
Walking through the collection of modest white buildings nestled among stringybark and palm trees at the school of 250 pupils, you see everywhere, on teachers' shirts, on banners and in classrooms, the motto Pearson has coined for his education revolution: "Get ready. Work Hard. Be Good."
In Sarah Travers's kindy class, she wears a microphone around her neck to amplify her voice for children with chronic ear infections. It seems to work, because her 10 five-year-old students sit attentively on the floor, calling out sounds as she points to phonetic symbols in a book. At 1.45 pm at the tail end of a busy school week, their concentration and focus is remarkable.
In another classroom, children are sounding out words as the teacher clicks her fingers rhythmically to speed up their voices so that the sounds soon join up to become a fluent word.
Colleen Page, a 24-year-old teacher from the Sunshine Coast, in her third year at Aurukun, says the change DI has had on her pupils is marked. "They thrive on it. It's really good to compare the last two years with this year … Previously the kids would be running around your classroom … not listening. Now they're confident about participation in class."
She tells the story of the eight-year-old boy who came to her one morning proudly telling her how he had applied his previous day's lesson. "Miss, I saw a frog, and I said, 'You are an amphibian. You are born in water and raised on land."'
An essential part of the DI program is weekly testing and data crunching. Every Thursday, 120 pages of detailed test scores and information about each student and class is faxed to a DI centre in North America to be analysed. The following Tuesday, the school leaders have a conference call with DI experts in Oregon, about any problems identified.
For example, the data may pinpoint a deficit in a particular child's understanding that came from a particular work sheet in a particular lesson that may have been taught six weeks earlier. The solution is prescribed and the process repeats itself.
The children seem to thrive on the organised routine. Even those difficult older children in years 9 and 10, who have not gone away to boarding school like most of their peers, and who were expected to be too far behind to reap many rewards from DI, have responded in a way that is heartening and heartbreaking, as you consider countless lost opportunities.
The next stage in Pearson's plan is to extend the school day to run from 8.30 am to 4.45 pm, with direct instruction of basic skills until 2.15 pm. Afternoons will be devoted to two crucial areas of learning: Club, which is physical activities such as Auskick, and Culture, which is devoted to learning their traditional Aboriginal culture and becoming literate in the first language of most Aurukun children, Wik-Mungkan.
With growing community delight in the new DI system at school, and the charismatic leadership of Pearson, there is a feeling of renewal in the air. Or, what Principal Higham calls a corner of light.
British university graduates 'preparing to take low-paid jobs'
Only a quarter of arts and humanities final-year students expect to start graduate jobs this summer, research has found
The majority of students leaving university in coming months do not expect to land decent jobs, it was revealed, as the recession continues to have a “profound effect” on the employment market.
Thousands of final-year degree students are preparing to accept low-paid work in bars, supermarkets and call centres, according to figures. As thousands of undergraduates take end-of-course exams this month, it emerged that only a quarter of those on arts and humanities courses were preparing to secure work in graduate professions.
The disclosure came in a survey of more than 16,000 final year students – a fifth of those nationally – by analysts High Fliers Research. It comes despite fears that graduates are facing record levels of debt this summer, with the average student being forced to repay £18,100 for a three year course. Debts rise to £25,700 in parts of London.
The jobs shortage was blamed on a “substantial backlog” in the number of jobless graduates from previous years – creating additional pressure on the employment market in 2010. Researchers said 8,000 extra job applications had been made to leading companies by the end of October as students attempted to steal a march on competitors.
It was also disclosed that thousands of students are preparing to take a postgraduate course as an alternative to finding a job. Some 26 per cent of students will remain in higher education after completing degrees this year, figures show.
Martin Birchall, High Fliers Research managing director, said students takings courses such as arts and humanities courses, such as fine art, drama, dance, music, history and geography, were likely to be hardest hit.
“The recession may be officially over, but with a record number of students due to complete degrees in the coming weeks and tens of thousands of last year’s graduates still looking for work, there is widespread concern on campus that competition for graduate jobs has never been fiercer,” he said. “The research highlights that students from arts and humanities courses and those who’ve had little or no work experience during their time at university are the least confident about the future.”
According to the study, 36 per cent of students believe they will start a graduate job – or start looking for one – when they leave university this summer. Numbers slump to 25 per cent among arts and humanities students.
Some 26 per cent of all students are preparing to move on to postgraduate courses, while a third will take “any job they are offered”, the study said.
This suggests large numbers of students will embark on low-paid jobs in shops, cafes, call centres and building sites – failing to use their degree for many years.
The disclosure comes despite mounting concerns over graduate debt. In 2010, the average debt being faced by students on a three-year degree was £18,100. Students preparing to leave Imperial College London were expecting to pay back as much as £25,700.
Posted by jonjayray at 7:59 PM
Friday, May 28, 2010
Charter schools forging ahead in NYC
It's not just in math and reading that charter schools are dealing out aces. New data obtained by The Post shows that charter-school kids outperformed traditional public-school kids in three of the four grades tested in science and social studies last year -- often by leaps and bounds.
The results are sure to lend ammunition to those who support the state's raising of the charter schools cap, which has been at the center of heated debate among Albany lawmakers for weeks.
According to the city's Department of Education, charter-school eighth-graders bested their public-school peers by 19 percentage points in social studies and by nearly 18 percentage points in science.
Additionally, more than 90 percent of charter-school fourth-graders aced last year's state science exams, compared with 80.3 percent of fourth-graders at traditional public schools.
Only in fifth-grade social studies did traditional public schools score higher -- with 77.1 percent of kids reaching proficiency on the state exams compared to 72 percent at charter schools. "It's more evidence that charters are providing city kids a good education, and it particularly points to the fact that they're providing a well-rounded education," said James Merriman, CEO of the New York City Charter School Center.
The city's charter schools also outperformed the regular public schools by nearly 9 points in both math and reading last year -- which led some critics to charge that those were the only subjects they focused on.
Merriman said charter schools are able to devote more time to teaching math and reading than traditional public schools, but not because they narrow their focus. "Their longer school day and longer school year and flexibility allows [charters] to do that but to not neglect other important subjects like science and social studies," he said.
Among the highest-performing charter schools in science was the state's oldest -- Sisulu- Walker Charter School in Harlem -- where 100 percent of fourth-graders were proficient on last year's state exam.
In social studies, 94 percent of eighth- graders at KIPP Infinity in Harlem aced the state exams.
But United federation of Teachers president Michael Mulgrew said the better scores stemmed from the type of students that charter schools serve. "It's nice to see charter students doing well, but hardly surprising, since compared to the average public school, charters have significantly fewer of the city's poorest children, English language learners, and special-ed students with the greatest needs.
British education bureaucracy trimmed
The quango responsible for managing exams and the curriculum in England will be scrapped, the government announced today
Ministers said the Qualifications and Curriculum Development Agency would be axed as part of a plan to cut bureaucracy and slash spending across Whitehall to service the national debt.
The announcement comes just days after the coalition government announced the abolition of Becta, the technology agency for schools, in a move designed to save £65m a year.
Michael Gove, the Education Secretary, said work currently carried out by the QCDA would be handed to other organisations, including private exam boards.
The announcement follows widespread criticism of the quango two years ago when serious failings led to huge delays in the marking of Sats tests. Thousands of pupils were forced to wait months for results and some test papers were lost altogether.
In the wake of the fiasco, the National Assessment Agency – quango’s testing arm – was scrapped and then chief executive Ken Boston resigned.
In a letter to the organisation on Thursday, Mr Gove said legislation would be introduced in the autumn to “abolish the QCDA”. Ministers have already announced that £670m is being cut from the education budget.
But the latest move was condemned by teachers’ leaders. Chris Keates, general secretary of the NASUWT, said: “The seemingly arbitrary way in which the QCDA and other bodies are being culled without any critical analysis of the impact of removing these functions is not acceptable.
“To put staff at the QCDA on notice of dismissal before the legislation to remove their function has been considered by Parliament is an arrogant and reckless way to conduct Government business.
“The decision is not supported by any detail of how core functions undertaken by the QCDA will be carried out in future and at what cost.”
The quango currently reviews exams such as A-levels, GCSE and diplomas, as well as controlling the administration of Sats tests for 11-year-olds. It is also responsible for updating the curriculum.
Mr Gove said the body would be expected to continue overseeing this year’s Sats, although this role is then likely to be taken over by the Department for Education itself.
He said the administration of GSCEs and A-levels should be left to England’s exam boards – privately run organisations already responsible for scripting tests and course syllabuses.
In a speech last summer, David Cameron said the QCDA "must go", and the body's chief executive, Andrew Hall, quit in March after less than a year in his post.
It is believed staff were told last week to stop work on "developmental projects" and to cut communication with anyone outside the agency
New British education boss will have biggest fight against the enemy within
The education establishment will oppose reform every inch of the way
For me, Michael Gove's free schools policy was the most persuasive reason for voting Conservative in the recent election. Yesterday was, therefore, a good day: the Queen's Speech announced the Education and Children's Bill, which will enable parents, businesses and charitable groups to set up state-funded independent schools. It is scheduled for introduction after the summer recess.
Today, the Education Secretary will outline his planned reforms in detail. But, much as I do not wish to rain on Mr Gove's parade, I am the bearer of bad tidings. Because, as someone who has been advocating the gist of his policy for nearly two decades, I have to tell him that passing the Act is almost the least important step on the road to genuine school reform.
The forces opposing reform within the educational establishment are deep-seated, ruthless and near universal, and unless Mr Gove and his team are on top of them from the start, they – and free schools – will disappear down the drain of the well-intentioned but vanquished.
In 1995, I was working for the Fabian Society, the Labour think tank. I was naive enough to think that it was – to use the current buzzword – a progressive idea for all parents to have the power to choose how their children are educated; not just those wealthy enough to pay school fees.
My proposal to write a paper to that effect was greeted with the only act of censorship I have encountered in 20 years in and around think tanks. I was banned from writing it.
I was, of course, threatening the education establishment – the educationalists, teaching unions, bureaucrats and local education authorities who control everything. With a level of dogmatism and cunning that puts the Jesuits to shame, they resist all opposition to so-called progressive education and the bog-standard comprehensive. So my idea was stamped on as a matter of course. I took my paper elsewhere, published, and was indeed damned. Unless Mr Gove outmanoeuvres – for which, read "destroys" – that educational establishment, he will fail, because it will fight him. Relentlessly.
The miserable example of Education Action Zones illustrates how it behaves. In 1997, the then bright new schools minister, Stephen Byers, was keen to see if private providers could be enticed into education, with a view to taking over the functions of LEAs. The action zones were intended as a trial run, with a small number piloting some new programmes and gaining experience.
A fine idea, but doomed to fail for two reasons which are of direct relevance to Mr Gove today. First, the bidding process was drawn up by the Department of Education, and was – deliberately – so complicated that all but a tiny number of companies gave up. Second, the information on schools in any given area, which companies needed as a prerequisite to bidding, was held by LEAs – the very bodies threatened by the programme. So they obfuscated, dissembled, and wrecked it from the start.
As the Secretary of State sets to work at his desk in Sanctuary Buildings, he needs to look around. Because far from being his servant, the department of which he is head will be one of his greatest problems. It is a bastion of the education establishment, and has fought in the trenches to resist all reforms.
Regular diktats pour forth from the department entrenching the latest dogma. From the Whitehall centre, down to the LEAs, ideological enforcers ensure that challengers to the worship of comprehensives and progressive dogma are undermined by supposedly neutral civil servants.
For a brief moment, there was an alternative voice within the department when, in 1997, David Blunkett established the Standards and Effectiveness Unit, designed to shake up the culture. But with his departure, even that minor irritant was removed. In 2004, Charles Clarke abolished the unit; under Ed Balls things were worse than ever. So Mr Gove needs first to realise that, however amenable his civil servants may seem, they want him to fail. What he stands for is anathema to them. Before he does anything else, he should make one of his team Minister for School Reform. Not to fight for his plans in the outside world, but to do so within his department.
But the problem is far worse than a wayward department. The grip of the education establishment affects every area of education. The Training and Development Agency and the National College of School Leadership, for instance, first indoctrinate trainee teachers and then subject them to continuing inspection lest they stray from the ideology. Remember Ofsted? Under Chris Woodhead, it fought as a lonely insurgent, holding schools to account and speaking up for parents. Today, it is just another arm of the establishment.
LEAs [Local Education Authorities], the teaching unions, educationalists: they will stop at nothing to defeat Mr Gove. If you think that is an overstatement, consider this: for years, they ruined children's education as they pushed their ideology. What kind of teacher goes on strike to protest against a test designed to measure a child's achievement level? What kind of teacher goes on strike?
LEAs will plot to undermine Mr Gove. Unions will strike. All hell will break loose. But pre-warned is pre-armed. Mr Gove has been examining the history of British education, and will know what to expect. Now he has to stand strong and defeat the educational establishment.
Posted by jonjayray at 8:57 PM
Thursday, May 27, 2010
Books in the home and academic success
What this study probably shows is not remotely surprising: That high IQ people read more books -- and high IQ people do of course tend to have high IQ children. But you will find no mention of IQ below, of course. Right-thinking people reject any notion that academic ability is inherited, despite mountains of evidence to that effect. The fact that I have a Ph.D. and my son is working on one is mere coincidence
HOUSES full of books are clear indicators of the scholarly culture that grounds academic progress and can compensate for social disadvantage in some families according to a new study.
Children from households with 500 books were 33 per cent likelier to finish year 9 compared with those with none; they were 36 per cent likelier to graduate from high school; and 19 per cent likelier to complete university.
The findings were published this week in a paper titled Family Scholarly Culture and Educational Success: Books and Schooling in 27 Nations, in the journal Research in Social Stratification and Mobility.
Researchers at the University of Nevada, the University of California at Los Angeles and the Australian National University crunched the numbers from a variety of studies, some more than 20 years old, covering 70,000 cases across 27 nations, allowed for discrepancies and variables, and came up with an emphatically pro-book conclusion.
Australia rated well. Only 3 per cent of households had no books, 42 per cent had about 75 and 21 per cent had 500 or more.
Other strong performers included New Zealand, Canada, Norway, the Czech Republic, Latvia and Israel.
The researchers, led by Mariah Evans, now at the University of Nevada, but formerly of the University of Melbourne, are arguing the standard model of educational attainment should be extended to include scholarly culture, as measured by the number of books in the parents' home.
ANU's contributor to the study, Joanna Sikora, stressed the data was retrospective. So in the 1984 study, some of the respondents were already 65, while in the latter studies, in say 2003, some were quite young. "Every respondent was asked how many books they had in their house when they were 14 years of age," Dr Sikora said.
But the study doesn't allow for easy solutions to educational disadvantage. "The answer is not to get every household 200 books each and dump them on the doorstep and say 'problem fixed' - availability is not enough - we are talking about home library size as a base indicator. "Certainly, it's about reading but it's also about parents being around kids and enjoying and valuing books.
"Our study gives some insight into how upward social mobility occurs. Children from modest backgrounds with the advantage of a scholarly culture manage to move forward. Schools do their job too, of course."
While there is some cross-country variation in the study, results show there is no discrimination in terms of affluence, so scholarly culture confers as much, if not more, advantage in poor households in, say, China as it does in the US and western Europe.
The paper argues a book-oriented home endows children with the tools to succeed at school, from vocabulary to familiarity with good writing, from information to comprehension skills.
The study concludes children who grow up in a household with 500 books achieve, on average, 3.2 years more education than those who grow up with none.
"The difference between a bookless home and one with a 500-book library is as great as the difference between having parents who are barely literate and having university-educated parents," the study concludes.
What is more, a book-filled home turns out to be twice as important as the father's occupation. The largest gains were below university, at the years 9 and 12 levels.
Dr Sikora said the advent of the digital age, with electronic books, was no threat to the concept of scholarly culture.
"There will be an omnivore concept of literacy: all kids will be able to text and some will also have rich vocabularies and master various forms of expression," she said.
British coalition pledge on 'slimmed down' national curriculum
The national curriculum will be overhauled under a government plan to restore vital “bodies of knowledge” to lessons
A major review of the curriculum will be launched this year setting out the subject content children will be expected to master at each stage of education.
It is likely to emphasise rigorous content such as more geometry and algebra in primary maths, a focus on biology, chemistry and physics as separate sciences and the study of classical authors in English.
History lessons are likely to be based around a narrative of the past, covering key periods, the kings and queens and the Empire.
The review forms part of the new Education and Children’s Bill announced as part of the coalition government’s legislative programme on Tuesday.
Government sources said that the “slimmer” curriculum would prescribe subject content but give schools more freedom to decide how to teach lessons.
The Bill will also introduce a new reading test for 600,000 six-year-olds in England every year – identifying those struggling the most. This follows research showing that children who fail to master reading at a young age fall much further behind by the end of secondary school.
Michael Gove, the Education Secretary, said an overhaul of the curriculum was vital to restore subject knowledge.
It follows controversy over Labour's last major review of the secondary curriculum which removed key figures such as Sir Winston Churchill and Hitler from history lessons and promoted a "skills-based" approach to education.
Speaking before the election, Mr Gove said that most parents supported a “traditional education” in which children learned the “kings and queens of England, the great works of literature, proper mental arithmetic, algebra by the age of 11 [and] modern foreign languages”. He said: “Our aim will be to define the knowledge that each child should master at each stage in their development before they can move confidently onto the next stage of learning.
“We will give teachers, parents and students an appreciation of the core knowledge that is required in ever year and make clear what knowledge children in other countries are mastering at the same sage. “The curriculum review, however, will focus on what should be taught. We will not return to detailed prescriptions of how things are taught.”
Under the Bill, Ofsted will also be cut back, with a new remit focusing on “core educational goals” such as raising achievement and closing the gap between rich and poor pupils.
But Christine Blower, general secretary of the National Union of Teachers, said: “Schools don’t need a tougher Ofsted, and a more prescriptive but narrower curriculum. “I urge the Government to initiate a fundamental review of the way in which schools are accountable to ensure that support follows any inspection, rather than punishment."
A separate Academies Bill – also announced as part of the Queen’s Speech – will pave the way for all state schools rated “outstanding” by Ofsted to break free from local council control.
Under plans, as many as 2,000 schools will be able to convert into independent academies by this September, giving them power over budgets, buildings, staff, admissions and the length of the school day. For the first time, primary schools will be able to convert into academies, representing a radical departure from Labour.
Grammar schools will also be able to become academies – retaining their right to select by ability – although the new government insisted there would be no further expansion of the 11-plus.
The move has been branded “irresponsible” by teaching unions. Mary Bousted, general secretary of the Association of Teachers and Lecturers, said: “These proposals to turn more schools into academies are just irresponsible. They have not been properly thought through and could end up making a mess of education provision through their unintended consequences.”
Chris Keates, general secretary of the NASUWT, said: “There is simply no evidence that academy schools perform better than traditional community schools. “It is staggering that a government which is committed to community empowerment is now seeking to disenfranchise democratically elected local councils who represent local people and deny them any say when proposals come forward to open new academy schools.”
'Not acceptable:' Nearly one-third of Oregon high school students drop out
But no sign that anybody in the system is acknowledging where the problems are -- only talk about "shining a light" on schools that do better than average
Only two of every three students in Oregon's class of 2009 graduated from high school in four years, while more than 14,000 dropped out along the way, the state education department reported Tuesday.
State Superintendent Susan Castillo said she hopes the startlingly low success rate galvanizes Oregonians to provide -- and demand that schools provide -- more student support. She said she plans to shine a light on districts including Hillsboro and Tigard-Tualatin that, without extra funding, use systematic approaches to get standout results.
"As a state, this is not acceptable, absolutely not, and we have got to have a coordinated effort on this," she said. "Whether you have kids or not, this matters to you. When students are not getting the education they need, we all pay the price."
This year represented only the second time, and the first time that will count toward school performance ratings, that Oregon measured high school graduation rates in a new, more accurate way.
Under the old method, which allowed thousands of teens who didn't earn diplomas to slip away without being counted, Oregon would have posted an 85 percent graduation rate for the class of 2009.
Federal rules will require all states to use the new method for the class of 2011. Oregon is ahead in making the switch, so state-by-state comparisons can't be made yet.
High school dropout rates in Oregon are high. Portland Public Schools, graduated 53 percent of its students on time, one of the worst rates in the state. Nearly 100 students apiece dropped out from the class of 2009 at Wilson, Cleveland, Franklin, Marshall and Roosevelt high schools, and hundreds more quit alternative schools.
Among low-income students, the on-time graduation rate was 50 percent or so at Lincoln, Wilson, Cleveland and Grant, generally considered among the city's best high schools.
Low graduation rates are a primary reason that Portland Superintendent Carole Smith has called for redesigning the district's high schools.
"This is a sobering confirmation," said Zeke Smith, her chief of staff. "There isn't any (school) you can point to where we've got raging success. Seeing that low-income students, even in our highest-income school, are not meeting graduation rates anywhere near the levels we would want them to is a stark reminder of the inequities."
Getting a high school diploma matters, said Alex Madsen, a student in Oregon's class of 2009 who nearly dropped out of Portland's Benson High his junior year. He's completing a fifth year of high school at Alliance High, a district-run alternative school, and will get that diploma next month.
In Tigard-Tualatin, Oregon's 10th largest school district, 81 percent of students graduated in four years. That included 56 percent of students with disabilities, a sharply higher rate than in most districts
Posted by jonjayray at 6:05 PM
Wednesday, May 26, 2010
UC Islam, I See Anti-Semitism
by Mike Adams
It now seems that the good Muslim citizens of The University of California Irvine (UCI) Muslim Student Union (MSU) lied when they repeatedly denied orchestrating systematic interruptions of an invited guest. That guest was Israeli Ambassador Michael Oren who readers may remember from my February 16th column “Welcome to UC Islam.”
Someone recently leaked MSU minutes and many detailed internal planning emails. The documents were leaked to the UCI administration, local law enforcement, and the Investigative Project on Terrorism (IPT). They reveal a mountain of evidence showing Muslim intolerance and antipathy towards free expression.
The IPT online article with links to MSU emails is an example of investigative journalism at its finest. This link from their website is well worth reading.
Either because he is a) one very busy man, or b) suffering from Islamophobia, UCI Chancellor Michael Drake has yet to condemn the MSU for its years of virulent anti-Semitism. Nor has Drake or any other UCI official condemned the group for its efforts to destroy free speech at UCI.
The UCI chapter of MSU recently completed its annual two week - formerly one week – anti-Semitic and anti-Israel hate fest. Throughout the entire fortnight, Chancellor Drake remained silent, despite his school’s feigned interest in ethnic and religious tolerance. The list of MSU speakers is worth examining. You can read about these speakers here. You may not want to do that if you suffer from high blood pressure.
It should go without saying that there was no effort by Jewish students to shut down the MSU anti-Semitic hate fest. But the MSU plans to disrupt Ambassador Oren demonstrate a considerable attention to detail, which reflects extensive experience in such matters. MSU leaders sent internal emails showing detailed planning, which included to-the-minute timing and contingency actions depending on what Campus Security and Ambassador Oren might do in response to the disruptions.
In order to "hijack" (this is official MSU terminology) the event, MSU leaders coordinated actions of the UCI MSU and UC-Riverside MSU members and MSU nonmembers. These students even knew to schedule the date, time and location of a debriefing meeting - and to lie after the fact about the MSU involvement in the disruptions.
Since my UC Islam column of February 16, California Assemblyman Chuck DeVore has written Chancellor Drake. He urged that the MSU be banned from UCI – a measure which I do not support.
California Congressman John Campbell has both written and telephoned Chancellor Drake. He has called for strict discipline of the violators and requested an investigation into the MSU activities and statements and its leaders – a measure which I do support.
John Campbell is at least the second U.S. Congressman who has contacted Chancellor Drake about MSU. Congressman Brad Sherman wrote concerning MSU's apparent fundraising for Hamas, a violation of federal law. Hamas' charter calls for Israel's destruction and opposes any negotiated solution.
Thus far, Drake has taken no action against the illegal fundraising – even though UCI has been “investigating” for a year.
But the Associated Students of UCI have bravely stepped forward (sarcasm = on). By a vote of 13-1-1, they opposed academic sanctions against the 11 so called students arrested for disrupting Oren's talk. In what must be pure coincidence (sarcasm still = on), the resolution was authored by someone named Hamza Siddiqui.
It's probably just a coincidence that UCI's anti-Israel, two-week hate week falls around May 14. This is the date Israel declared independence in 1948 - immediately after which five surrounding Arab countries attacked it. The attackers wanted one Arab state, not the United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine, which designated an Arab state and an adjoining Israeli state.
Unfortunately for the Muslims, they lost that war -- and a good amount of the land the UN had set aside for Palestine. No wonder Arabs call the first war “The Catastrophe.” They have lost every other war they started against Israel. Jehovah continues to kick Allah’s backside. And He always will.
After this most recent premeditated display of barbarism, racial (oops, I meant to say “radical”) Islam has lost another war – this time in the American court of public opinion. It could not have happened to a nicer bunch of students. And my sarcasm button is stuck in “on” position.
Some British charter schools ("academies") doing well
Free schools can bring discipline, courtesy and rigorous teaching to all children, not just the wealthy. The new Conservative coalition government is encouraging ALL schools to become charters
By David Ross (founder of Carphone Warehouse)
I am one of the lucky ones — not only did I enjoy a privileged education, but I have the means to help other people to get one too. That’s why it took no persuasion for me to get involved when Lord Adonis, then the Schools Minister, asked me to become a sponsor of an academy.
I decided to put my money and faith into a failing comprehensive in the rundown old docks area of Grimsby. I was born in the town where my grandfather built a successful commercial fishing business; so it seems right that a lot of the pupils that go to Havelock Academy will have relatives who worked for my father and grandfather. The academy opened two years ago with a new head from the private sector, and already is making great improvements.
Yesterday’s Queen’s Speech gives an opportunity to extend the revolution in schools that started under Lord Adonis. It is a chance to redefine the way that we approach state education, which for too long has failed the most disadvantaged children in our society.
It is simply not the case that as a country we do not invest in or know how to deliver world-class educational opportunities. The finest of our schools and universities are testament to the fact that we do; their success, however, needs to be replicated on a grander scale.
The essence of the academies movement until now has been to allow poorly performing schools to contract out of the state system and to become free, independent schools within it. This independence is reflected in many ways — the curriculum, the selection of specialisms, uniforms and disciplinary policy. But the key to their success has been the setting free of hugely talented head teachers and their colleagues to achieve their vocation of improving the lives of pupils, not to follow the directives and bureaucracy of their local education authority.
As a result of this, genuinely inspiring people are achieving genuinely inspiring results. The Harris Academy network is based exclusively in South London and serves some indisputably disadvantaged communities. Yet if it were a stand-alone local authority it would have the second-best Ofsted rankings after Rutland. At these academies many of the traditional benchmarks of excellent education — pupil courtesy, smart uniforms, rigorous tuition in hard subjects such as maths, science, modern languages and Latin — are clear to see. The average improvement among the Harris Academies over the past three years has been three or four times greater than the national average. Additionally four of the six academies inspected so far have been judged outstanding by Ofsted.
At Havelock Academy attendance has improved from 89.8 per cent to 94.8 per cent in the two years that it has been open and GCSE results of A* to C, including English and maths, have increased from 23 per cent to 41 per cent. I hope to replicate these results when Malcolm Arnold Academy opens on the site of Unity College, Northampton, in September.
I was fortunate to have had the chance at school to play sport, act and go to concerts. But in the pared-down, national-curriculum-driven school environment kids are out of the door by 3pm. Not in the academies. At Havelock, children from pretty deprived backgrounds are thriving on the discipline and structure of the combined cadet force (CCF). Hundreds of children a week are enjoying after-school activities ranging from archery to an allotment club.
Under Michael Gove, the Education Secretary, and Nick Gibb, Schools Minister, the opportunities to set schools free in this way will increase exponentially. In the future, successful schools will be allowed to opt out. Existing acadamies will welcome them with open arms — and I hope they will consider joining forces to help drive up standards across the country.Likewise, the opportunity for parent groups to set up free schools can also be a catalyst for greater choice. Of course, some schools will fail. That concept has not been accepted in the educational sector until now but, sadly, it is an unavoidable necessity in the drive for reform and improvement.
There is now much more openness in the way that people and organisations can get in involved in schools, whether they are business people, educational organisations, church groups, charities, livery companies, parent groups or the independent school sector. From a personal perspective, the contribution I have been able to make through the Havelock Academy is one of my greatest sources of pride and inspiration. I try to visit once or twice a term, and speak regularly to the principal. While it would not be right to get involved in the minutiae of teaching, I see it as part of my role to push extracurricular activities such as Outward Bound or sport — “extras” that are part and parcel of a private education.
I am supported in my work by the Uppingham Collegiate network, which helps those academies (now five) that have been sponsored by alumni of the school. Much of the DNA of the Havelock experience — the house system, house dining and pastoral care — has been directly modelled on the educational philosophy of Edward Thring, the headmaster of Uppingham in the mid-19th century.
Wellington College has gone one step farther and put its own name to an academy in Wiltshire. But, to be honest, we are just scratching the surface of the contribution that the independent system can make. Protected over generations by their fantastic architectural endowments and charitable status, the independent sector needs to stand up and show how it can use this legacy for the greater good. Private schools need to take initiatives that are both brave and counter-intuitive. That will help Mr Gove to go into bat on their behalf to protect the advantages they gain from their charitable status.
Condemnation of immigrants ruled not to be racist
Since immigrants are of many races. A major immigrant group in Britain is Polish people, who are VERY white
A prominent member of the British National Party who described some immigrants as “savage animals” and “filth” while working as a technology teacher has been cleared of racial and religious intolerance.
The General Teaching Council (GTC) yesterday said that it was “troubled” by some of Adam Walker’s comments but that they did not amount to intolerance. Mr Walker is unlikely to be struck off the teaching register although the GTC panel will consider sanctions against him for unacceptable professional conduct, after he made personal use of a school laptop during lesson.
Mr Walker, who is the first teacher to appear before the GTC accused of racial intolerance, used a school laptop to post comments on an online forum, in which he also claimed that parts of Britain were a “dumping ground for the filth of the Third World”.
He had been a teacher at Houghton Kepier Sports College in Houghton-le-Spring, near Sunderland, for more than six years but resigned in 2007 when the headteacher asked IT staff to investigate his use of the internet. Mr Walker, had used the pseudonym Corporal Fox to make the postings on the forum on Teessideonline.
Mr Walker, who has been a BNP candidate and is president of Solidarity, a trade union with strong links to the far-Right party, claimed in one posting that the BNP was popular because “they are the only party who are making a stand and are prepared to protect the rights of citizens against the savage animals New Labour and Bliar (sic) are filling our communities with”.
In another posting on the same day, he wrote: “By following recent media coverage of illegal animals and how they are allowed to stay here despite committing heinous crimes, I am, to say the very least, disgusted.”
In a statement to the GTC hearing yesterday Mr Walker stressed that he had not communicated his political thoughts and beliefs to staff or pupils. He said he should have expressed himself “more carefully and positively”.
The three-member GTC panel this morning said it was not satisfied that the “intemperate” views expressed by Mr Walker were suggestive of intolerance.
Delivering the committee’s verdict, its chairwoman, Angela Stones, said some of Mr Walker’s postings contained offensive terms and demonstrated views or an attitude that might be considered racist.
However she added: “The committee does not accept that references to ’immigrants’ are of themselves suggestive of any particular views on race.
“The committee accepts that immigrants to this country come all over the world. A negative comment about immigration to the UK of itself need not be indicative of racist views or racial intolerance since the race of immigrants is extremely varied.”
Australia: Teachers get no incentive to improve
GOOD teachers are not recognised and rewarded while poor teachers are not penalised because methods to evaluate their performance at school are meaningless and ineffective.
A report by the independent think tank the Grattan Institute, to be released today, calls for a radical overhaul of the nation's systems for evaluating teachers, saying the profession believes they are meaningless and undertaken only to satisfy administrative requirements.
"Although all Australian schools have systems of evaluation and development in place, they clearly aren't working. Teachers believe that the systems are broken," the report says.
It adds that 92 per cent of teachers work in schools where the principal never reduces the annual pay rise for underperforming teachers, and almost three-quarters, or 71 per cent, say teachers with sustained poor performance are not dismissed.
The report uses data from the first international survey of classroom teachers, by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, which found Australia was the fourth worst of 23 developed nations in recognising effective teachers.
Director of school education research at the Grattan Institute, Ben Jensen, said yesterday debate on the quality of teaching in Australia in recent years had been cast in terms of using student results in a merit pay scheme or in setting standards for teachers.
But Dr Jensen, who was involved in the OECD's survey, said almost all Australian teachers, 91 per cent, report the most effective teachers in their schools do not receive the greatest recognition, and they would not receive any recognition for improving their own teaching.
"When you consider the most important way to improve the school education system is to improve the quality of the teaching workforce, it's really a shocking finding that almost all teachers say under-performance is not addressed in their school," he said.
"Teachers are saying they want the most effective school education system we can have; teachers want school improvement, they want to improve themselves and they want to see their school improve."
The report notes that with an excellent teacher, a student can achieve in half a year what would take a full year with a less effective teacher, and the impact is cumulative.
Students with effective teachers for several years in a row outperform students with poor teachers by as much as 50 percentage points over three years.
Federal Education Minister Julia Gillard said the government was committed to a better system of assessing and rewarding teachers, and was developing the first national professional standards for teachers, and funding programs paying the best teachers top salaries to work in struggling schools.
"Unlike the opposition, we are putting our money where our mouth is," she said. "All of this will go if Tony Abbott is elected. The opposition has said they will cut funding to these programs."
Opposition spokesman on education Christopher Pyne said a Coalition government would move quickly to give school principals the autonomy granted their peers in non-government schools, with the power to hire and fire and to pay staff based on performance.
"If you don't have these mechanisms at work, then the findings of the Grattan Institute are completely unsurprising," he said. "That disenchantment and disappointment teachers have in their profession will only get worse until there is a real revolution in education, which introduces competitive principles and gives principals in schools autonomy."
Federal president of the Australian Education Union, Angelo Gavrielatos, said the union supported systems that recognised and further rewarded teachers who demonstrate higher quality skills.
"Teachers prefer to work with peers or their grade group in a collaborative environment in evaluating and assessing their teaching programs, and what's lacking in schools is the space, time and respect for teachers to do so," he said.
The Grattan report says previous research in Australia has shown that nearly all teachers receive satisfactory ratings under existing evaluation schemes, and progress in their careers, making their salaries dependent on their tenure, not the quality of their work.
Dr Jensen said a meaningful system for evaluating teachers was required that identified strengths and weaknesses, providing recognition, and room to expand on their strengths and programs to address their weaknesses.
The system should pay effective teachers more and have them running professional development programs for colleagues, while underperforming teachers should have access to programs to help them improve.
Failing that, they should be moved out of the profession.
Australia: Streamline teacher firings, say parents
PARENTS want the state government to speed up the process of sacking underperforming teachers from schools, which they say is too long and needs to be reviewed.
The call follows the release of a report yesterday which said principals were failing to do anything about poor teachers and that the system for evaluating teachers was "broken".
The president of the NSW Federation of Parents and Citizens Associations, Dianne Giblin, said yesterday the procedure to remove underperforming teachers was "too long and complex". "Every parent wants a quality teacher in front of a classroom," she said. "There needs to be a review and the process of removing ineffective teachers should be quicker and more succinct.
"There is a lengthy period … where teachers are monitored and reviewed and often transferred to another school where the process starts again."
The state government has backed away from its decision in early 2008 to give principals the autonomy to hire and fire teachers, in response to pressure from the NSW Teachers Federation.
A spokesman for the Education Minister, Verity Firth, said every teacher deserved "due process". Teachers deemed to be underperforming were placed on a 10-week improvement program. If, at the end of the program, the teacher has not satisfied "specific quality benchmarks" he or she is "referred for … disciplinary or … remedial action, which could include dismissal," the spokesman said.
This year the NSW Institute of Teachers will begin evaluating teachers who apply for accreditation at the higher levels of "accomplished teaching" and "teacher leadership".
The head of the institute, Patrick Lee, said 350 experienced teachers had applied for evaluation under the new standards, with 150 more expected to apply by the end of the year.
Public school teachers who receive accreditation would not qualify for higher pay in the same way as independent school teachers, who earn an extra $6862 for achieving the new standards.
The NSW Association of Independent Schools has negotiated a scale of performance pay for teachers at 120 private schools, and the highest rate is more than $100,000. Public school classroom teachers earn a maximum of about $79,000.
The Catholic Education Office in Sydney will appoint teacher educators to 20 primary and 11 secondary schools this year. The educators will be paid about $110,000 to improve standards.
Gary Zadkovich, deputy president of the NSW Teachers Federation, said the government and Department of Education had failed to provide enough support and guidance for public school principals to implement teacher improvement programs.
Posted by jonjayray at 9:45 PM
Tuesday, May 25, 2010
What’s a Diploma Worth?
Americans have always loved college and real estate. So why do these assets need government support?
Every schoolboy knows that education leads to worldly success and material reward. “If a man empties his purse into his head, no man can take it away from him,” Benjamin Franklin’s Poor Richard advised. “An investment in knowledge always pays the best interest.” To the Irish poet William Butler Yeats, learning was “not the filling of a bucket, but the lighting of a fire.” As Emil Faber, founder of the college in Animal House, put it, “Knowledge is good.”
Yet there’s growing evidence that faith in the value of book-learning may be as ill-conceived as faith in the value of another asset inflated by public funding: real estate.
The overall cohort default rate on student loans has increased by more than 50 percent since 2003. The media have focused on the portion of this growth coming from students at for-profit colleges: According to the Department of Education, more than 40 percent of loans granted from 2003 to 2006 to students at such institutions will go bad over time. But students at nonprofit four-year colleges are also projected to default at rates between 10 and 20 percent. And the trend will worsen: Among 20 to 24-year-olds, college graduates are doing slightly better than non-graduates in the job market, but they still suffer an unemployment rate of 8.4 percent.
But if the worth of the asset is questionable, the price has been going through the roof. In the last 25 years, college tuition and fees have increased by 440 percent, according to the National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education. That’s more than four times the rate of inflation.
Early this year, students in the University of California system responded to tuition hikes with some half-hearted campaigns of campus unrest. The bankrupt Golden State—which has shielded generations of customers from the actual costs of maintaining a tenure-rich, administration-heavy public university system, but which can no longer keep up this impossible mandate—is an especially painful case. But Alabama, Wisconsin, Illinois, and more than 30 other states have experienced similar protests against price hikes at their state school systems.
Time was that a top school was considered impervious to these kinds of market forces. As recently as 2006, the College Board estimated that the wealthiest 10 percent of private four-year colleges and universities had an endowment cushion of $454,100 per student. But these nest eggs were raided in the great credit unwind. Harvard’s endowment has lost $10 billion, about 30 percent of its value, most of that under the leadership of current White House economic advisor Larry Summers. Yale’s endowment has lost $5.6 billion.
You can begin to see why experts at Forbes and The Chronicle of Higher Education have been warning for several years about a “higher education bubble.” But do we have the crucial ingredient, excessive leverage?
We do. Student borrowing has more than doubled since the end of the 20th century, according to the College Board, with $85 billion in loans in 2008, up from $41 billion in 1998. And as the rising rate of defaults indicates, borrowers in aggregate are not making the kind of money—i.e. twice as much as a decade ago—they would need to pay those loans back.
The government’s response to this bubble has been to get itself more deeply involved in the inflation. The administration has kicked in various types of assistance, such as a $100 million college prep program. And in March, President Barack Obama signed a bill eliminating the 45-year-old Federal Family Education Loan Program (which guaranteed student loans made by private lenders) and replacing it with a system of direct Treasury Department loans to students. The first part of these efforts is a straightforward waste of money. The second has the potential to be a marginal improvement on a system that shouldn’t exist.
So we have too much money going into an asset, not enough value coming out, a massive increase in leverage, and a large taxpayer liability for the difference. “Inflation in higher education continues apace,” says Joseph Marr Cronin, a former secretary of educational affairs in Massachusetts and the author, with New England College of Business and Finance president Howard E. Horton, of an influential 2009 Chronicle of Higher Education article on the bubble.
But while Cronin warns about the potential for an education crash, he is bullish about higher ed’s area of fastest growth: for-profit colleges, many of them with a substantial or exclusive element of online and distance learning. For-profits have seen their enrollments triple over the last decade, to 1.4 million students.
For-profits have been on an accreditation buying spree lately. In March, Nebraska’s Dana University was bought by a specially created for-profit. Last year, ITT Educational Services bought Daniel Webster College in Nashua, New Hampshire. The online for-profit Columbia Southern University bought Waldorf College of Forest City, Iowa. And San Francisco’s Heald College was acquired by Corinthian Colleges, Inc.
Accreditation buys access to your tax dollars, in the form of both subsidized loans and outright grants. That’s a danger for taxpayers, and it’s a liability for students who see tuitions ballooning as more free money flows in. A recent College Board survey found that a quarter of for-profit graduates had taken on $40,000 in debt to pay for their schooling—and the doors don’t exactly fly open when a job seeker flashes a University of Phoenix diploma.
But subsidies are distorting and inflating tuition costs across the board. At the for-profits, at least, the colleges’ no-frills approach is prompting a revolutionary shift in thinking about higher education. The traditional university of ivied walls, lecture halls, and full-dress balls is heading for a crisis. Non-traditional schools present an opportunity for millions of new scholars to consider what they want out of an education, and why. If diplomas are going to continue costing more and losing value, then at least the customers should have more choice when shopping around for them.
Educators push a college alternative
What’s the key to success in the United States? Short of becoming a reality-TV star, the answer is rote and, some would argue, rather knee-jerk: Earn a college degree.
The idea that four years of higher education will translate into a better job, higher earnings, and a happier life — a refrain sure to be repeated this month at graduation ceremonies across the country — has been pounded into the heads of schoolchildren, parents, and educators.
But there’s an underside to that conventional wisdom. Perhaps no more than half of those who began a four-year bachelor’s degree program in the fall of 2006 will get that degree within six years, according to the latest projections from the Department of Education. (The figures don’t include transfer students, who aren’t tracked.)
For college students who ranked among the bottom quarter of their high school classes, the numbers are even more stark: 80 percent will probably never get a bachelor’s degree or even a two-year associate’s degree. That can be a lot of tuition to pay, without a degree to show for it.
A small but influential group of economists and educators is pushing another pathway: for some students, no college at all. It’s time, they say, to develop credible alternatives for students unlikely to be successful pursuing a higher degree, or who may not be ready to do so.
Whether everyone in college needs to be there is not a new question; the subject has been hashed out in books and dissertations for years. But the economic crisis has sharpened that focus, as financially struggling states cut aid to higher education.
Among those calling for such alternatives are the economists Richard Vedder of Ohio University and Robert Lerman of American University, political scientist Charles Murray, and James Rosenbaum, an education professor at Northwestern. They would steer some students toward intensive, short-term vocational and career training, through expanded high school programs and corporate apprenticeships.
“It is true that we need more nanosurgeons than we did 10 to 15 years ago,’’ said Vedder, founder of the Center for College Affordability and Productivity, a research nonprofit in Washington. “But the numbers are still relatively small compared to the numbers of nurses’ aides we’re going to need. We will need hundreds of thousands of them over the next decade.’’
And much of their training, he added, might be feasible outside the college setting.
College degrees are simply not necessary for many jobs. Of the 30 jobs projected to grow at the fastest rate over the next decade in the United States, only seven typically require a bachelor’s degree, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Among the top 10 growing job categories, two require college degrees: accounting (a bachelor’s) and postsecondary teachers (a doctorate). But this growth is expected to be dwarfed by the need for registered nurses, home health aides, customer service representatives, and store clerks. None of those jobs require a bachelor’s degree.
Vedder likes to ask why 15 percent of mail carriers have bachelor’s degrees, according to a 1999 federal study. “Some of them could have bought a house for what they spent on their education,’’ he said.
Lerman said some high school graduates would be better served by being taught how to behave and communicate in the workplace.
British children to debate 'rape myths' in lessons
Surely this is more likely to give the kids ideas
Children as young as 11 are being asked to debate myths surrounding rape – including claims that “women ask for it by wearing short skirts”.
A charity is distributing teaching materials to secondary schools as part of a campaign to end violence against women. The pack, which schools can buy for £100, covers subjects such as domestic violence, female genital mutilation, forced marriages, prostitution and human trafficking.
Rape Crisis said the lessons were intended to encourage mixed classes of boys and girls to discuss issues surrounding rape. In one class, pupils are asked to debate claims that “women enjoy rape”, while another lesson instructs children to discuss the myth that “women ask for it by wearing short skirts, drinking alcohol etc”.
Youngsters are also encouraged to act out a role play, including four-letter words, where a boy and girl recall a drunken encounter.
Resources have been produced by the charity’s Wycombe, Chiltern and South Buckinghamshire branch for use in secondary schools. Laura Colclough, the author, said teachers were expected to use their discretion over what was taught. “It’s not from an angle of supporting sexualisation or pornography but examining the link between those things and sexual violence,” she said.
She added: “Gone are the days when young people are not sexualised. Most if not all see the music videos, they see the culture, they surf the internet.”
But campaigners suggested that the lessons were “too explicit for schools”. Nick Seaton, of the Campaign for Real Education, said: "It is irresponsible because it is certainly not suitable for young children and probably not for older children either. "Just because these things happen does not mean that children need to have them rammed in their faces. “Sensible parents will be extremely perturbed that their children are being introduced to this sort of information at a young age.”
Posted by jonjayray at 5:41 PM
Monday, May 24, 2010
Bring Back the Competition
In America’s free-market system, people are encouraged to shop around to find the best deals on car insurance or a home loan, but when it comes to education, many Americans are stuck sending their children to the neighborhood school.
Many parents have very limited options of where their child will attend school. Depending on state laws, options other than public schools may include private and charter schools. Some states also implement voucher programs, to help less fortunate students get the education they deserve.
“Students should come first in the education system,” says Bill Wilson, president of Americans for Limited Government (ALG). “Parents deserve options when deciding where their child should attend school.”
By providing more school options to choose from, more competition is introduced into the system. This means better education for all students.
There are a number of benefits to attending a private school, says Joe McTighe, executive director of the Council for American Private Education (CAPE). “One of them is the quality academics, and the second advantage of religious and independent schools is that they focus on the whole person, not just reading and math. They focus on physical education and reflect the student’s values,” he says.
In 2009, about six million students were enrolled in a private school, which is about 11 percent of all U.S. students.
Religion is the main reason parents enroll their child into a private school. Parents can know that the values and morals being taught to their child in school are the same as those taught to them at home.
Many parents are also concerned with the academic breakdown of some public schools.
“There is a concern about chronically underperforming public schools,” says Ron Reynolds, executive director of the California Association of Private School Organizations (CAPSO). “You can see it when parents are organizing for the passing of legislation for voucher programs.”
Cost is a big factor, and sometimes a hindrance, when deciding to send your child to a private school. Those parents who send their children to private schools know the benefits of the education the students are receiving. The Obama family would seemingly agree as their two daughters attend an elite private school in Washington, D.C.
Students enrolled in private schools consistently score well above the national average in every academic area. They are also more likely than public school students to complete a bachelor's or advanced degree by their mid-20s, according to research done by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES).
“Private schools are able to provide parents, through choice, a school that best meets their child’s needs,” says McTighe. “Parents make the match of how their child learns to how the school teaches.”
The first charter school opened in Minnesota in 1992. The charter school movement has grown to 4,600 schools serving more than 1.4 million students, according to a report by the Center for Education Reform.
What makes charter school different than public schools? For one, it gives parents more options of where to send their child. Also, charter schools have more freedom from the many regulations of public schools. Charter schools allow students and teachers more authority to make decisions. Instead of being accountable to rules and regulations like public schools are, charter schools are focused on the students and academic achievement and upholding their charter.
“About 95 percent of charter schools are non-union,” says Mike Antonucci, director of the Education Intelligence Agency (EIA). This causes a lot of opposition from teachers unions.
“Unions lose members,” says Antonucci, whenever a new charter schools opens. “Every teacher in a charter school means one less union member and unions want more money. This can put a dent in union’s bottom line.”
Because of the opposition charter schools face, not all states allow them. According to Antonucci, 10 states do not have charter schools. “Unions keep them out,” he says. “The only reason you have them is because a democrat got them in in opposition to the unions or the unions got something in return—like putting caps on the number of schools allowed.”
Despite the opposition, many charter schools are doing very well and being renewed.
Maybe one of the most controversial programs of them all, education vouchers have recently been a topic dealt with by the Obama Administration. Nearly 2,000 students in the Washington, D.C., public school system have been recipients of the federally assisted voucher program. This program has allowed those students to attend a private school, which under normal circumstances would have been impossible. Now that program is coming to end after six years of a successful run.
“The D.C. voucher program benefitted disproportionately African American students and it was ended by our first African American president,” says Niger Innis, national spokesman for Congress of Racial Equality (CORE).
The opposition to voucher programs sees them as a threat to public schools. Innis sees the program as helping public schools. “Vouchers save public schools so they can compete,” he says.
Milwaukee, Wisconsin, has one of the oldest and most successful voucher programs. Milwaukee spends about $14,000 per public school student and roughly $6,400 per private student voucher. Those who have received vouchers are performing just as well if not better than their public school counterparts while causing more competition within public schools and saving taxpayer money.
With constant union opposition and a bureaucratic-run school system, vouchers have yet to be fully accepted into the education system, despite their proven success.
If the education system does not change, some parents may never have a choice when it comes to their child’s education. It is easy to see that all these education systems thrive when parents are given an option of where to send their children to school. Parents know their children best and should be allowed to pick the school best suited for them.
“The biggest solution is giving parents the opportunity to choose the best road for their children,” says Innis. “Who are we focusing on, the institutions or the children? Are these dollars that are earmarked for education going to the institutions or children? The dollars should follow the children.”
Home School, Sweet Home School
As I addressed a home school graduation exercise the other day, I thought -- more than once -- ah, good old human nature at work once more.
It's what happens when institutions fail or give the distinct impression they're about to. Customers head for the exits: not all of them, maybe just a handful. Yet those who do flee, taking their hopes and their children with them, tend to be people of sharp and quick perception; the kind you want around as much and as long as possible. Their departure evacuates the institution in considerable degree of priceless qualities -- sense of mission, dedication to task, willingness to work and to sacrifice.
The public schools can't hold such people? More shame for those schools. Once upon a time, the great majority of us attended them. In the 21st century, their widely advertised shortcomings and deficiencies are driving out, or keeping away altogether, people whose presence in the classroom every half-sensible educator should crave.
The ceremony at which I spoke featured two -- count 'em -- two young men, supported by scores of parents, siblings, aunts, uncles, fellow church members and well-wishers in general. A public high school principal might shrug at the loss of a mere two students from his rolls. Too bad. C'est la vie.
The two in question, nevertheless -- Eagles Scouts soon to take flight, accomplished debaters, tireless readers, international lawyers in the making -- are the sort who clearly adorn whatever company they keep. The public schools want more such, not fewer. Yet fewer and fewer they get, as more and more Americans express their distrust of the public schools' ability to impart an education such as was fairly common up to the '60s.
With the '60s, a kind of sloth and indifference and arrogance and mendacity settled over public education like a blanket. General indictments never give general satisfaction. This one won't either, I confess. We all pretty much know, in any case, what happened. The quest for "social justice" -- busing for racial balance being one instance -- drew attention away from Bunsen burners and Wordsworth.
Late 20th-century demography hardly helped. Public institutions reflect public expectations. Expectations for the schools declined markedly. As divorce split up families and the job market siphoned off the achievement overseers generally addressed as Mom, families tended to see classrooms as holding pens for underfoot kids. Schools ventured into new terrain, such as sex education and the representation of the American story as a narrative of racist imperialism. God was advised rudely to get Himself off the school ground, fast. Teacher unions rated pay and benefits as more important to them than standards and teaching methods.
How fast did the customers catch on? Fast enough. Parents moved themselves and their broods to suburban districts. Private schools, especially religious ones, multiplied. Still other parents took on themselves the task of educating their children. By 2007, an estimated 1.5 million young people, 2.5 percent of all students, were learning at home. Networks arose to provide school opportunities and curricular materials.
To the charge that they were undermining public education, parents pled self-defense. What did the schools expect anyway -- that savvy parents were going to let their children's minds and prospects perish in second-rate settings or worse?
Home schooling isn't the answer for everybody. For one thing, it requires the oversight of highly motivated parents. The best thing to call it, I think, is an end-run around political and cultural obstacles to the flourishing of young people whose parents love them very much.
The two kids -- pardon me, young men -- I addressed on the occasion of their Going Forth into the World (by way of good universities) are individuals of high promise, imbued with ambition, drive, intelligence, sensibilities of various sorts and, not least important, religious instinct. The public schools might have had them but for the schools' perceived inability to maintain the right environment for success and the breeding of character.
Goes to show as a nation we may be smarter than our standardized test scores make us out to be.
New law will bring shake-up of English schools in time for summer
The biggest shake-up in English education for a generation will be heralded tomorrow with legislation making it simpler for parents to set up “free schools” and a new wave of academies.
A short Bill will be introduced this week removing local authority powers to veto new schools, allowing charities or education providers to get state funding for each pupil they attract. The legislation is intended to be rushed through Parliament by summer.
It will also allow other state schools to become academies, enjoying similar freedom from local authorities but with a proportion of their budget — typically about 10 per cent — retained by councils for services such as admissions, transport and special needs.
The school reforms, drawn up by the Conservatives, survived largely intact in coalition talks with the Liberal Democrats and are to be implemented as a priority by the new Government.
The Liberal Democrats’ manifesto pledged to boost the role of local authorities, giving them powers over schools currently wielded from Whitehall and extending their remit to academies — but their plans were omitted from the coalition deal.
Separate legislation is likely to include provision to make it easier for community groups to aquire and convert public sector land and buildings as premises for “free schools”. Capital costs would be funded from money for a school rebuilding programme.
However, the most dramatic — and immediate — impact on state education may come from allowing existing state schools to convert to academy status, including primary schools for the first time.
Michael Gove, the Education Secretary, has predicted that hundreds and even thousands of schools would do so, and pledged that any school rated “outstanding” by Ofsted would be approved automatically. He wants a first wave of schools to convert to academy status by September.
Head teachers and governors may be prompted to take up the offer to protect their budgets from future spending cuts, John Dunford, general secretary of the Association of School and College Leaders, said. An average secondary school with a budget of £5 million would gain £500,000 a year by doing so. Mr Dunford said: “The danger is that this could break up the system, with the better schools having more money and greater independence and the other schools finding life more difficult. We must avoid that polarisation of the system because the people who suffer in that situation tend to be the disadvantaged.”
A further piece of schools legislation, later in the parliamentary session, will include plans to slim down and re-write the national curriculum, overhaul Ofsted to focus inspections more tightly on the quality of teaching, and give heads greater disciplinary powers over disruptive pupils.
The Academies Bill on Wednesday will be followed by a Bill to repeal ID cards on Thursday as the coalition seeks to get off to a swift start in implementing its agreed programme. Parliamentary draftsmen have been working overtime to get the Bills ready.
The Bill will scrap identity cards and the national identity register, the database which was to hold biographical and biometric details on people applying for the card. Already 13,000 British citizens been issued with the cards, at £30 each.
The previous Government spent more than £257 million on preparatory work for the scheme, which was estimated to cost £4.5 billion over ten years. The Home Office has awarded four contracts together worth more than £1 billion, but compensation arrangements are likely to be complex because some also relate to improvements in producing passports.
The tenor of the Queen’s Speech will echo the “freedom, fairness and responsibility” mantra of the coalition programme unveiled by David Cameron and Nick Clegg last week. It will focus on tackling the deficit and reforming public services and politics. Mr Clegg has secured a slot in the speech for a Bill setting up a referendum on reform to the voting system, a major victory for the Lib Dems.
However, the Deputy Prime Minister made clear that he was ready to compromise over a fully elected House of Lords, another Lib Dem goal. Mr Clegg said that work on a new-look upper chamber would begin immediately.
There would be “lots or argument”, Mr Clegg told The Andrew Marr Show on BBC One. He remained ambitious, he said, but did not want to let a chance of reform founder by being dogmatic.
“I don’t want to make the best the enemy of the good. I think it should be a wholly elected House. I think any chamber that decides on laws of the land should be wholly elected. But I’m not going to die in the trenches on that.
“The one thing I want to avoid is that this Government ends up like every government over the last century that has talked about House of Lords reform and not delivered it.”
There will be further discussion on the contents of the Freedom Bill, for which Mr Clegg invited people to nominate laws they wished to see replealed.
Posted by jonjayray at 7:39 PM
Sunday, May 23, 2010
Texas board adopts new social studies curriculum
Texas schoolchildren will be required to learn that the words "separation of church and state" aren’t in the Constitution and evaluate whether the United Nations undermines U.S. sovereignty under new social studies curriculum.
In final votes late Friday, conservatives on the State Board of Education strengthened requirements on teaching the Judeo-Christian influences of the nation’s Founding Fathers and required that the U.S. government be referred to as a "constitutional republic" rather than "democratic."
The board approved the new standards with two 9-5 votes along party lines after months of ideological haggling and debate that drew attention beyond Texas.
The guidelines will be used to teach some 4.8 million students for the next 10 years. They also will be used by textbook publishers who often develop materials for other states based on those approved in Texas, though Texas teachers ave latitude in deciding how to teach the material.
U.S. Education Secretary Arne Duncan said after the votes Friday that such decisions should be made at the local level and school officials "should keep politics out" of curriculum debates. "Parents should be very wary of politicians designing curriculum," Duncan said in a statement.
But Republican board member David Bradley said the curriculum revision process has always been political but the ruling faction had changed since the last time social studies standards were adopted.
"We took our licks, we got outvoted," he said referring to the debate 10 years earlier. "Now it’s 10-5 in the other direction ... we’re an elected body, this is a political process. Outside that, go find yourself a benevolent dictator."
GOP board member Geraldine Miller was absent during the votes.
The board attempted to make more than 200 amendments this week, reshaping draft standards that had been prepared over the last year and a half by expert groups of teachers and professors.
As new amendments were being presented just moments before the vote, Democrats bristled that the changes had not been vetted. "I will not be part of the vote that’s going to support this kind of history," said Mary Helen Berlanga, a Democrat.
At least one state lawmaker vowed legislative action to "rein in" the board. "I am disturbed that a majority of the board decided their own political agendas were more important than the education of Texas children," said Rep. Mike Villarreal, a San Antonio Democrat.
In one of the most significant curriculum changes, the board diluted the rationale for the separation of church and state in a high school government class, noting that the words were not in the Constitution and requiring students to compare and contrast the judicial language with the First Amendment’s wording.
Students also will be required to study the decline in the U.S. dollar’s value, including the abandonment of the gold standard.
The board rejected language to modernize the classification of historic periods to B.C.E. and C.E. from the traditional B.C. and A.D., and agreed to replace Thomas Jefferson as an example of an influential political philosopher in a world history class. They also required students to evaluate efforts by global organizations such as the United Nations to undermine U.S. sovereignty.
Former board chairman Don McLeroy, one of the board’s most outspoken conservatives, said the Texas history curriculum has been unfairly skewed to the left after years of Democrats controlling the board and he just wants to bring it back into balance.
Educators have blasted the curriculum proposals for politicizing education. Teachers also have said the document is too long and will force students to memorize lists of names rather than learning to critically think.
Toddlers’ bad behaviour is always mothers’ fault?
That is certainly not so. Much bad behaviour is evident from the earliest ages and is clearly genetic. He is however right that a loving home is better for kids than institutional care. There have been some big studies on that.
Mothers already wilting under a barrage of contradictory advice about child-rearing are told that nurseries will damage their children, the naughty step is counter-productive and that toddler misbehaviour is all their fault.
The psychologist and broadcaster Oliver James has stomped on to sensitive terrain with a book that suggests mothers of toddlers should avoid working outside the home. In a work that has already provoked howls of anger, he argues that children should not be left in the care of others for long periods, and lays into the strict disciplining of young children by comparing it to training them “like a dog in a laboratory”.
He writes: “As a parent of a child of this age, you need to realise that if things go pear-shaped it is actually always your fault, in the sense that if you keep a close enough eye on them you can prevent atrocities.”
The author claims that young children “need to be in the presence of a responsive, loving adult at all times”, warning mothers who go out to work that daycare is associated with more boastful, disobedient and aggressive children.
Naughty step methods, according to James, “often result in repetition of the undesired behaviour, rather than successful management. If you are not careful, you are just creating a guaranteed method for your children to wind you up.”
In an attack on the methods of the former maternity nurse Gina Ford, he writes: “There is a great deal of evidence that very strict routines do lead to more insecure, and to more irritable and fussy, babies.”
He argues that while babies that are left to cry may be more likely to sleep through the night, “it is the babies whose needs have been met who become the secure, calm and satisfied children and productive schoolchildren, and adults — and the ones you might say were spoilt and indulged babies.”
How Not to F*** Them Up is a sequel to his 2002 book They F*** You Up, which argued that it is parenting, not genes, that shapes character. Drawing on his own unhappy childhood, James writes in the new work that therapy made him realise:“Yes, of course I was a bad boy, but it wasn’t my f***ing fault! My parents were very muddled and had caused me to be like this.”
Despite his arguments in favour of one-on-one childcare, James argues that he is “not remotely anti working mothers”. He says: “I really don’t want to make life more difficult. I’m really trying to make it easier.”
Australia: DON'T expect students to learn about Australia's most important day in the new national history course
This is ridiculous. It proves that the curriculum has fallen into the hands of far-Left academics who hate all that Australia stands for. The Gallipoli landings are the foundation of Australia's most solemn day of remembrance: ANZAC day.
And in typical Leftist fashion, there is no consecutive history taught: Just disconnected episodes that Marxists like. They dread that students might get some idea of the broad sweep of Australia's history with its long record of positive achievement. We can't have kids being proud of their country, can we?
HISTORIANS say the new national modern history curriculum for schools reads like a Marxist manifesto that ignores popular aspects of our past and neglects Australia's role in world politics and war.
The course, designed for years 11 and 12, is heavily focused on revolutionary struggles, colonial oppression and women's struggle for equality.
It neglects Australia's British roots and institutions and its military history, with no mention of Gallipoli, Tobruk or Kokoda, the experts say.
The draft lists World War I as a potential case study in "investigating modern history". It lists "controversies surrounding ... memorial sites and commemorative events" as an area of study but does not mention Gallipoli or the battle of Fromelle.
In a topic headed "Australia 1880-1945", the draft lists "the formation of organised labour", "White Australia" and "wartime government controls, including conscription, control of the labour force, rationing, censorship and propaganda".
But it does not mention the settlement of Australia or the deeds of the first AIF in World War I.
The draft history course was released this week for public discussion, divided into five units: The nation state and national identity; Recognition and equality; International tensions and conflicts; Revolutions; and, Australia and Asia.
Historian Andrew Garvie said the course agenda should be altered to give a more balanced view of history. "This appears to be a very trendy, right-on curriculum. It looks heavily influenced by a Marxist view of history - there's lots about about revolution and struggles against oppression," Mr Garvie said. "But it lacks an appreciation of Australia's place in the world.
"There seems to be very little about our military history or our links with Britain. Gallipoli and Kokoda appear to be just footnotes to the whole thing."
He said the course also seemed to be organised as a "slice of life" approach to history. "It seems to me students will be given bits of history to study. They may not gain an appreciation of the whole of an era or century," Mr Garvie said.
Education consultant Russell Boyle said the history curriculum was too selective.
"The ancient history curriculum spans the period from pre-history to 500BC, while the period of investigation in the draft modern history curriculum is from the late 18th century through to the end of the 20th century," Mr Boyle said.
"There is much in the period in between that would deepen students' understanding of the events and issues that have shaped humanity and our contemporary world."
Posted by jonjayray at 7:46 PM
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Common Cause of Minnesota says its opponents in the voter ID fight, the nonprofit Minnesota Majority, broke state law by not registering its lobbying activities.
"Minnesota Majority has been caught red-handed in an effort to circumvent Minnesota lobbyist laws," Mike Dean, executive director of Common Cause Minnesota, said in a statement Tuesday. "It is time for the Campaign Finance and Public Disclosure Board to more effectively enforce Minnesota's rules for lobbyists."
The complaint says Dan McGrath, executive director of Minnesota Majority, should have registered himself as a lobbyist with the state. In recent court documents, McGrath said he started working with legislators "to construct and promote" a photo ID bill for voters in November 2010.
The Legislature passed the bill this year, which placed a proposed constitutional amendment on the November ballot that would require Minnesotans to show photo identification before they vote.
McGrath scoffed at the complaint. He said that while at the Capitol, he offered expert advice on the topic of voter IDs. "I'm not a lobbyist," he said. "A lobbyist would be somebody paid by a corporation to twist arms at the Legislature."
What separates a lobbyist from an ordinary citizen who comes to the Legislature to talk to a lawmaker? Money. State law defines a lobbyist as someone who is paid more than $3,000 to lobby or who spends more than $250 on lobbying or spends more than 50 hours a month on lobbying.
The Common Cause complaint accuses Minnesota Majority of spending "significant time and money lobbying in support of the voter ID amendment."
State law bars the Campaign Finance and Public Disclosure Board from commenting on complaints until it renders a ruling. Gary Goldsmith, the board's executive director, said there are executive directors of nonprofits who appear at the Capitol to speak about legislation but who don't meet the definition of a lobbyist.
"It's fairly easy to separate the pros from the ordinary Joes" when it comes to lobbying, he said. The law generally identifies anyone who is paid to communicate with lawmakers and to attempt to influence their votes as a lobbyist.
Unregistered lobbyists can face fines of as much as $1,000 if they continue to lobby once the board notifies them that they are violating the law. But lobbyists can avoid any fines by simply filling out the proper paperwork, Goldsmith said.
The complaint can be read at www.startribune.com/a1478.
Jennifer Brooks • 651-925-5049
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The Corporation under Russian Law, 1800-1917
A Study in Tsarist Economic Policy
By (author) Thomas C. Owen
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Corporation under Russian Law, 1800-1917 by Thomas C. Owen
Book DescriptionThis study analyses the legal framework imposed on corporations by the imperial Russian Government. It stresses the dual nature of the bureaucracy's policy toward modern capitalist enterprise: encouragement for the sake of economic development, and regimentation in the interest of maintaining autocratic control. By illuminating the political nature of the autocracy's economic agenda, Professor Owen seeks to explain why Russian corporate law became increasingly restrictive toward the end of the imperial period. Attention is also given to the practices of Russian capitalists, whose occasional abuses of corporate power justified restrictive laws in the eyes of officials. The emphasis of this study on the uneasy accommodation between tsarist autocracy and the modern corporation clarifies aspects of Russian political, economic, and cultural life that hindered the development of capitalism on the eastern periphery of Europe.
Buy Corporation under Russian Law, 1800-1917 book by Thomas C. Owen from Australia's Online Bookstore, Boomerang Books.
Book DetailsISBN: 9780521529440
(228mm x 152mm x 15mm)
Imprint: Cambridge University Press
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Publish Date: 25-Jul-2002
Country of Publication: United Kingdom
Books By Author Thomas C. Owen
Capitalism and Politics in Russia, Paperback (December 2008)
The author examines the essential aspects of traditional merchant culture in the early nineteenth century.
Russia in the Nineteenth Century, Hardback (October 2005)
This covers the history of Russia from the defeat of Napoleon to the eve of World War I. It is the first such work by a post-Soviet Russian scholar to appear in English. It examines the decay of the two central institutions of tsarist Russia: serfdom and autocracy; the major social groups and how they reacted to the Great Reforms.
Dilemmas of Russian Capitalism, Hardback (March 2005)
Fedor Chizhov built the first railroad owned entirely by Russian stockholders, created Moscow's first bank and mutual credit society, and launched the first profitable steamship line based in Archangel. In this valuable book, Thomas Owen vividly illuminates the life and world of this seminal figure in early Russian capitalism.
Russian Corporate Capitalism from Peter the Great to Perestroika, Hardback (October 1995)» View all books by Thomas C. Owen
Covering two hundred years of corporate capitalism in Russia, from the tsarist period through perestroika and into the present, this work demonstrates the historical obstacles that have confronted Russian corporate entrepreneurs and the continuity of Russian attitudes toward corporate capitalism.
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The Stability and Shelf-life of FoodAuthor:
Publisher: CRC Press
Publish date: September 2000
Defines and discusses the basic principles of shelf-life Discusses texture evaluation methods Prescribes packaging for the improvement of shelf-life The stability of foods and assessment of the shelf-life of foods are major issues for the entire food and drink industry. Companies are experiencing considerable difficulties in defining and understanding the factors that influence stability over the desired storage period. The Stability and Shelf-Life of Food discusses the tools that can be used to measure shelf-life, what determines shelf-life and the ways it can be extended. It concludes with chapters on the shelf-life of specific foods, including fruits and vegetables, baked foods, dairy products, oils, and fats. Edited by the head of sensory science at an internationally-renowned center for sensory and shelf-life analysis, the collection brings together a range of European and US experts to assess such issues as the use of sensory, instrumental, and accelerated tests to measure shelf-life, the complex range of factors which determine the stability of food, and how these can be used to extend the shelf-life of particular products.
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With over 65 books published, including the breathtaking (and somewhat autobiographical) A Day No Pigs Would Die, Robert Newton Peck has enjoyed an illustrious writing career. Now, in an autobiography as unique as he is, Peck tells his story through the people in his life. From his roots as a poor Vermont farmer’s son to his years as a soldier in World War II, from his time slogging away in a paper mill to his semi-retirement in Florida, Peck shows us people who too often go unseen and unheard–the country’s poor and uneducated. “For decades, I’ve examined the autobiographies of my fellow authors. Bah! Many could have been titled And Then I Wrote . . . So instead of my life and lit, here is the unusual, a tarnished treasury of plain people who enriched me, taught me virtues, and helped me hold a mite of manhood. They’re not fancy folk, so please expect no long-stemmed roses from a florist. They are, instead, the unarranged flora that I’ve handpicked from God’s greenhouse . . . weeds in bloom.”
From the Hardcover edition.
Get the news you want from Penguin Random House
About Robert Newton Peck
Robert Newton Peck comes from generations of Yankee farmers. Like the Vermont folk he writes about in his novel, he was raised as a boy in the Shaker Way, which endured even after the sect itself had died out. Its… More about Robert Newton Peck
Published by Random House Books for Young Readers Jul 08, 2009| 224 Pages| Young Adult| ISBN 9780307549112
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Through July 8, 2013
"Mirror photography is much more than photographing a reflection, it produces a visual alchemy that combines the physical world with that of the great mystery….and captures some element that remains hidden in straight photography." - Elizabeth Sunday
For over 25 years Elizabeth Sunday has found inspiration in Africa. This primal place and its people have been Sunday's subjects, and she has traveled and lived among original peoples from the hunter-gatherers of the Congo Basin to the nomadic tribes of the Sahara Desert. The elemental and the sublime meet in her work. Sunday is known to use mirrors to see and capture her subjects. This approach does more than beautify and mystify her subjects; it borrows on both western and indigenous traditions of elongation, a practice which for both is a known archetype for the unconscious. Subjects indeed seem elegant, graceful, and statuesque. These beautiful frames are enchanting apparitions- there is something tangible, and yet something remains out of our reach. There is heroism and intrigue, drama and stability to works where figures float and rise in idyllic plains.
For more information on the exhibition, please visit Throckmorton Fine Art
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Skip to Main Navigation | Skip to Content
University of Central Missouri
Warrensburg, MO 64093
Contact: Jeff Murphy
WARRENSBURG, MO (Feb. 28, 2014) –The Japan-United States Friendship Commission and the Northeast Asia Council of the Association for Asian Studies has awarded a $5,000 grant to the University of Central Missouri to promote education and teaching about Japan to K-12 teachers.
Taking advantage of this award, UCM is collaborating with the Summit Technology Academy in Lee’s Summit to host a “Teaching About Japan” workshop titled “Japan in the World Today.” The event is planned for April 11.
The workshop will provide teachers with information and resources about current political, economic and social conditions in Japan that affect the United States and the world. Scholars specializing in the history, politics and culture of Japan will give a series of short lectures on selected topics, answer questions, and share helpful resources (e.g. films, readings, class exercises) with teachers. Topics include: Japan in the world economy today, Japanese social lives, re-militarization of Japan, language and communication, and Japanese pop culture.
Area middle school and high school teachers of history and social studies courses are invited to attend. Space is limited to the 30 seats, and registration is required. Participants will receive a travel stipend along with selected educational materials. For more information or to register for the workshop, please contact Curtis Cook, faculty member at Summit Technology Academy at email@example.com or Darlene Budd, UCM associate professor of political science, at firstname.lastname@example.org.
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It seems that it isn’t only bloggers and newspaper journalists who understand the infamous temperature probability map that has done the rounds since this blog made a screenshot of it and published it.
This blog submitted a Freedom of Information request to the Cabinet Office to enquire if it issued any instructions or restrictions concerning the use of the ‘private’ Met Office forecast to the Government. The Cabinet Office states that it gave no such instructions to the Met Office. It also included the Met Office forecast that readers will now be familiar with.
But tacked onto the end of the FOI response, on page 8, were redacted copies of a couple of emails between the Cabinet Office’s Civil Contingencies Sectretariat (CCS) and the Met Office. One of those relates to the forecast information the National Grid was using – screenshot below.
It is clear that the government’s understanding is that the temperature probability map is exactly what we showed John Hirst acknowledging it to be yesterday, a forecast. The differential between the probability map and the forecast received by the Cabinet Office is clearly identified as being the age of the forecast. The difference can be accounted for by the Met Office’s two-week update cycle.
The clear inference here is that by the time National Grid and the media had used the temperature probability map to state the Met Office was forecasting a warmer than average winter, the Met had already updated its forecast to the one supplied to the Cabinet Office. This and the information in the screenshot below (helpfully highlighted by the Cabinet Office), refutes Met Office claims that the map was not a forecast and that it had not suggested a warmer than average winter:
The Met Office has twisted itself into so many contortions to provide it with deniability of any forecast that is inaccurate, it has put itself in a position where they are telling the media, the public, bloggers, National Grid and the Cabinet Office that black is actually white.
The Met Office did not consistently forecast the 60% probability of an average or colder than average winter. Indeed, the Cabinet Office actually refers to figures that bear out what was shown on the probability map – around a 60%-80% (below tightened up to say 75%) probability of a warmer than average winter:
What does all this mean? Simply that the Met Office is not capable of producing forecasts of weather more than a week or so ahead of time, unlike other forecasters who do not have a fraction of the computing power available to them.
The issue is the Met Office model assumes that as atmospheric CO2 rises, so temperatures must rise – and this means longer range forecasts have an in-built warm bias that can result in inaccurate forecasts as we have seen over the last three years. As such while their short term and ‘nowcasting’ performance is broadly acceptable, anything forecast beyond a few days seems fundamentally flawed due to a blind faith in the hypothesis of CO2 driven global warming and so we can have no confidence in it.
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GET THE FREE NATIONAL CYBER SECURITY APP FOR YOUR PHONE AND TABLET
New cards are coming — here’s what you should know
Called “chip-and-PIN” cards thanks to the microchip found on them, these new credit and debit cards promise to make your retail transactions far more secure than the magnetic stripe-based cards you’re used to using. “Effectively what’s happening is that we’re going from a static environment to a dynamic environment,” says Carolyn Balfany, MasterCard’s senior vice president of product delivery for the company’s chip-and-PIN cards (also called EMV cards).
For Americans, the change to chip-and-PIN is long overdue. As of last year, 83% of western European consumers had chip cards, compared to just 7% of stateside shoppers. France, the first country to adopt the new cards, did so back in the 1980s. But this is the year that the U.S. starts going all-in. According to information provided by VISA, industry analysts estimate 70% of the country’s credit cards and 41% of its debit cards will be upgraded to chip technology by the end of this year.
At the beginning, the new chip-and-PIN cards will still carry magnetic stripes. That’s because not all retailers are prepared to accept chip cards, so the older tech will stick around a little while longer. But making purchases via a magnetic swipe means data like your credit card number, expiration date and more get carried across phone lines to your bank for processing. Chip card transactions are more secure because they work differently. When you make a purchase by inserting your chip card, the payment terminal checks that your card is genuine. Next, instead of sending your account information, the new types of payment terminals generate a one-time use code (also called a cryptogram) that’s transmitted to your bank to authorize your purchase. Cryptograms typically include the transaction amount, date, time, terminal ID, and other information. They also keep all that data encrypted, helping to keep it away from would-be fraudsters.
Some chip cards also come with tap-to-pay technology, which means you don’t have to insert or swipe them at all to make a purchase. These contactless cards, which feature small symbols that look like radio waves, work like Apple Pay or Android Pay, only instead of tapping your smartphone, you just wave your card. Beyond the tapping versus inserting, these contactless card payments work just like other chip-and-PIN transactions.
But seeing as how not every retailer is ready for the new chip cards yet, when the time comes to make a payment, should you swipe, dip, or tap? “The technology is going to guide the consumer,” says Balfany. That means you can still swipe your card like you do today, and if a payment terminal is capable of doing a chip transaction, you’ll get a prompt on the terminal to insert your card instead. You should take the nudge, because your payment will be much more secure.
“Virtually everything else about the transition will be like what we experience today,” says Balfany. So after the payment terminal has your card’s information, sometimes you’ll be asked if your card is credit or debit, sometimes you’ll be asked for a signature, sometimes it will require a PIN, and sometimes — if the sale is something minuscule like a pack of gum — you’ll be asked for nothing further.
Over time, you’ll see fewer and fewer magnetic stripe registers around. In fact, U.S. merchants are required to accept chip cards by October, or else they can be held responsible for paying for any fraudulent purchases made at their establishments, a liability previously held by card-issuing banks. Even still, retailers, especially smaller ones, may take a while to accept the cost of upgrading. But for shoppers, nothing changes — you’ll still have an avenue to dispute fraudulent charges. And with all this new tech, there should be less fraud going on, anyway.
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http://nationalcybersecurity.com/how-your-credit-card-is-about-to-change-forever/
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Provides an integrated assessment of global climate change's impact on agriculture at the farm level, in the context of farm level adaptation decisions. Ten agricultural areas in the Upper Midwest region - the heart of the United States' corn belt - were subjected to climate change and changing climate variability scenarios through simulations of future climate using results from general circulation models. Crop growth models, calibrated to the study sites, were used to simulate yields under varying climate conditions. Farm level production and economic analyses were performed to determine what adaptation strategies might be best utilized to maintain production and profitability for producers under conditions of global climate change and changing climate variability. Similar integrated analyses from Australia and Argentina provide comparisons from different regions.
The robust integrated systems methodology for assessing impacts and adaptation opportunities in several different major agricultural regions provides the reader with an example for similar endeavors. Also discussed are guidelines and useful analytical options for input suppliers, agricultural researchers, and agricultural producers to enable risk averting strategies and adaptations as global climate change plays out.
There are currently no reviews for this product. Be the first to review this product!
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http://www.nhbs.com/title/150171?title=effects-of-climate-change-and-variability-on-agricultural-production-systems
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To understand adversity, take two acorns from the same tree, as nearly alike as possible — and plant them in two separate locations. Plant one on a hill by itself and the other in a dense forest. The oak standing alone is exposed to every storm. Its roots grow deep in every direction, grasping every rock to support itself from the threatening elements.
The acorn planted in the dense forest grows up a weak, willowy sapling. Since it was shielded by its neighboring oak trees, it feels no need to spread its roots far and wide for support.
Don't be afraid of adversity. Welcome it! Adversity makes you stronger. It helps you grow.
I recently returned from the annual Horatio Alger Awards in Washington, D.C. According to its website, these awards are named after Horatio Alger Jr., "whose tales of overcoming adversity through unyielding perseverance and basic moral principles captivated the public in the late 19th century."
Each year, the Horatio Alger Association selects and honors approximately 10 individuals who have triumphed over adversity with the virtues of hard work, honesty, individual initiative, adherence to goals and community leadership. I am honored to have been inducted into this prestigious organization in 2004.
The mission of the association is about promoting success and extending a helping hand to others. This year we awarded scholarships to 106 students who, in the face of great adversity, have exhibited an admirable commitment to continuing their education and serving their communities.
I am proud that the Horatio Alger Association has become one of the nation's largest providers of privately funded, need-based scholarships. This year marked the 30th anniversary of the scholarship program, which has awarded more than $100 million to more than 21,000 students.
My good friend Lou Holtz, Hall of Fame college football coach, always says, "Show me someone who has done something worthwhile, and I'll show you someone who has overcome adversity."
Adversity is a fact of life. It can't be controlled. Problems and people can't stop you. The only thing that can stop you is YOU. Only you can control how you react to adversity. When faced with adversity, do you buckle beneath the weight of it all? Do you ask "Why me?"
Dolly Parton said, "The way I see it, if you want the rainbow, you gotta put up with the rain."
Here is a sampling of Horatio Alger Award recipients who turned adversity into an advantage.
Author and poet Maya Angelou was 3 years old when her parents separated. She was raped at the tender age of 7 and as a result did not speak for nearly six years. She has published seven autobiographies, three books of essays, several books of poetry, and contributed to many plays, movies and television shows.
Former U.S. Secretary of State Henry Kissinger and his family were forced to leave Germany in the 1930s due to the Nazi movement. He ended up in New York City and couldn't speak English. He entered the U.S. Army and returned to earn his bachelor's, master's and doctorate from Harvard.
Carol Burnett, actress, comedian, singer and writer, had alcoholic parents and was raised by her grandmother in an impoverished area of Hollywood.
Hank Aaron, who broke Babe Ruth's unbreakable Major League Baseball home run record, grew up in a poor family, picking cotton. His family couldn't afford baseball equipment, so he practiced by hitting bottle caps with sticks.
Mackay's Moral: A winner never quits, and a quitter never wins.
Harvey Mackay is a Minneapolis businessman. Contact him at 612-378-6202 or e-mail email@example.com.
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Sherwood Convent School uses the good class system to create a better studying setting for its students and to maintain up with modern instructional system. My education and 20 years of performing expertise, enable me to communicate the method of learning the drums, in a clear, logical development, no matter what your skill degree could also be. Spotify generates income by promoting premium streaming subscriptions to users and advertising placements to third parties. The 1981 introduction of MTV added the music video to the checklist of highly effective advertising and marketing instruments on the trade’s disposal.
The Recording Business Association of America states that the industry grew by 11.four% in 2016 reaching $7.7 billion. Attend in person or watch our livestreams and explore a video archive from over 20 years of great performances. The MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS (China) report accommodates the most-up-to-date monetary knowledge and Plimsoll applies these figures to create their distinctive and authoritative analysis.
Choose the playlist you created above. Musically, complete tones, or entire steps between the observe letters, would restrict the sounds we’re capable of produce on our instruments. Goldman Sachs’ Music in the Air†analysis notes that paid streaming penetration rates in China and India are presently 4% and 3%, respectively. Apart kind its physical aspect, the rhythmic actions, steps and gestures of dance usually categorical a sentiment or mood or illustrate a selected occasion or each day act, such as non secular dances and people representing searching, warfare or sexual exercise.
The MUSIC LABELS (Nordic) report contains probably the most-up-to-date financial information and Plimsoll applies these figures to create their unique and authoritative evaluation. 37 This contrasts with the $14.6 billion in income that was acquired in 1999 by the U.S. music trade from the sale of CDs. Click on the Edit Playlist button to begin adding tracks. To make a Genius Playlist, right click on a song and select “Create Genius Playlist.” You can then add or delete songs from this playlist like every other.
On the flip of the nineteenth century, Beethoven and the Romantic motion ushered in a new era that led first to the spectacles of grand opera and then to the musical dramas of Giuseppe Verdi and the Gesamtkunstwerk (whole work of art) of the operas of Richard Wagner leading on to the music of the twentieth century. The record firm pays the recording artist a portion of the earnings from the sale of the recordings, often known as a “royalty”, however that is distinct from the publishing royalties described above.
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https://spotify-change.com/home.html
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Imagine you log into your Gmail account and find a suspicious email from your bank. The email informs you about an unauthorized access to your account and asks you to follow a link and provide your credentials to view the account access log. Wouldn’t it be great if you could simply right-click on the link and check it against VirusTotal in order to understand whether it is legit or report a phishing site? Wouldn’t it be great if you could do this just with that right-click, without having to navigate to VirusTotal and refer to the URL tab? This is what VirusTotal’s browser extensions allow you to do.
Google Chrome & Mozilla Firefox Browser Extension- VT4Browsers
Check links and files with VirusTotal’s free and easy service.
With VT4Browsers you will be able to use VirusTotal to analyze urls and files automatically. You can change the extension’s behavior at any time. Feel free to try VT4Browsers:
Download and install
You can download and install the extension in Google’s Chrome Web Store:
Firefox users can install it through the Mozilla Add-on service:
Scan suspicious links
Imagine you log into your Gmail account and find a suspicious email from your bank. The email is informing you about an unauthorized access to your account and is asking you to follow a link and provide your credentials to view the account access log.
Since you are savvy, you know that this email is probably a phishing scam. Even though you know that this is a scam, you are committed to helping others, so you right click on the suspicious link and select the Scan with VirusTotal option from the context menu.
This will open a new tab in the same browser window. This tab will show the report for the requested URL scan. Note that the scanning process will also download the file/site of the target link, so do not forget to click on the View downloaded file analysis link.
Scan downloads before storing them
Let us suppose your good friend John Doe has sent you an email with a slide presentation. You know that very often these slides contain exploit code that will compromise your computer. When you click on the slide presentation in your webmail, a download dialog appears. You’re a cautious user, so you decide to first scan the file with VirusTotal. You’ve considered the fact that the the file will be shared with VirusTotal partners and premium customers, and are comfortable that the file content is appropriate for sharing.
Once you have checked the file, you will decide whether or not to download it to your computer. To access the file report or URL report you must click on the links displayed in the VirusTotal balloon. Notice you can scan a download link and file simultaneously.
Search for a file or URL report, a particular comment, or a VirusTotal Community user
VT4Browsers’ right click menu allows you to query VirusTotal’s database directly for particular file/url reports, comment tags or VirusTotal Community users. When the search is for file or URL reports, the box accepts MD5, SHA1 and SHA256 hashes.
Customize the extensions options to your preferences
VT4Browsers is customizable so that you can decide what is sent to VirusTotal and how it’s sent. You can send downloaded files and/or download URLs. The default settings are to send files and URLs that don’t include documents and send anonymous passive DNS data.
If you prefer to have more control on what is sent, you can activate a prompt so that VT4Browsers asks your on each download if you want to send that specific download to VirusTotal.
You can also decide if you want to send Documents to VirusTotal. This is important because you should not send documents with sensitive information to VirusTotal.
Other option is to pause downloads when sending to VirusTotal. This option will tell the browser to pause any download while it’s being sent to VirusTotal so that you can see the report before downloading the file to your computer. Please note that if you have this option activated, you will have to resume the download if you wish to continue with it or to cancel the download if you decide not to download it.
Last option is to send anonymous passive DNS data, which will allow to collect information about domains anonymously while you navigate through the Internet.
Internet Explorer Browser Extension
Download and install
Please note that you will need to install the extension under each user account with which you wish to use VirusTotal. You may download the extension installer directly from:
Scanning suspicious links
Imagine you log into your Gmail account and find a suspicious email from your bank. The email informs about an unauthorized access to your account and asks you to follow a link and provide your credentials to view the account access log.
Since you’re savvy, you know that this mail is probably a phishing attempt. But you are also committed to helping others, so you right click on the suspicious link and select the Send URL to VirusTotal option from the context menu:
This will open a new Internet Explorer window, which will show the report for the requested URL scan. Note that the scanning process will also download the file or site of the target link, so don’t forget to click on the View downloaded file analysis link.
Note that the link to scan doesn’t necessarily have to be an HTML link anchor. It can also be plain text. Just select the text chain of interest and click the appropriate choice from the pull-down menu to send to VirusTotal:
This will scan the website being displayed.
VTexplorer adds its own icon to Internet Explorer’s top bar. It allows you to scan the website being displayed in the active browser window with VirusTotal. As before, a new window will be opened with VirusTotal’s report.
Curated by: https://www.ParagonHost.net
Est. 1999 | Paragon Host Internet Group | Web, Email, Workspace | Global Hosting Services
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| 0.883407
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Texas Prisoners Care for Evacuees
Huntsville, Texas is home to the nation's most populous Death Row. At least one of every four residents of the town is a prison inmate. Now, the inmates have been called upon to serve, and they are doing so admirably. The evacuees are grateful for their help:
And so they found refuge here, beside the red brick walls of the Texas death house.Many called it heaven. With emergency shelters stretched tight from New Orleans to Houston, eight buses carrying more than 300 survivors of the flood ended up here in the proud "prison city" of Texas, 80 miles north of Houston, where every third or fourth resident lives behind bars, in seven prisons that confine 9,000 to 15,000 inmates.
The First Baptist Church, which backs up on Huntsville's oldest prison unit, including the nation's busiest execution chamber, was ready with cots, showers, fresh clothes and hot food. And prison trusties in white uniforms to clean and cook.
|< Al Qaeda Takes Over Iraq Town | Are the Administration's Actions or Statements Criminal? >|
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://www.talkleft.com/story/2005/09/05/962/17329/katrina-rita/Texas-Prisoners-Care-for-Evacuees
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en
| 0.943078
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Problem:?An Italian snack food company was experiencing a persistent problem of failure of fixed tail drum conveyor bearings operating in a damp environment. Across all six of its production lines, bearing life was just six months due to the adverse environment. With production costs running at €3,500/h, the situation was unsustainable.
Solution: NSK was called in to analyse the application and suggest an alternative. After investigating the application, NSK proposed replacing the existing double-row ball bearings with its Molded-Oil Series of spherical roller bearings. These bearings are said to reduce the total cost of ownership of food processing machinery by removing the downtime associated with regular bearing replacements. Also, longer intervals between re-lubrication saves on maintenance costs. Because the bearings have a solid lubricant, they improve performance in environments exposed to high humidity and contamination.
Molded-Oil is said to offer more than twice the operating life of grease lubrication in water contaminated environments. The technology ensures the operating environment is kept free of grease, which is important in food applications.
Since fitting the Molded-Oil spherical roller bearings, bearing life has increased to 15 months (and bearings are still operating), reducing maintenance intervals and leading to savings in production downtime, costs which have been calculated at €192,600 annually.
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<urn:uuid:e7b46e23-d0b2-4333-a395-bc2616607260>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://processandcontrolmag.co.uk/improved-bearing-life-reduces-downtime-costs/
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en
| 0.963923
| 263
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|
Energy Conservation Critical as High Heat Continues
As a record-breaking heat wave continues throughout the state, the California Independent System Operator has called Flex Alerts each day from 3–10 p.m. through Wednesday and warns of possible rotating outages over the next two days.
Southern California Edison is asking customers to help conserve energy, especially from 3-10 p.m., to reduce the overall stress on the electrical grid.
With increased demand on the power grid due to high temperatures, the state may issue a Stage 3 Emergency and direct SCE to conduct rotating outages. While CAISO rotating outages could be called at any time of the day, they are most likely to occur between 6-8 p.m.
If needed, the controlled rotating outages typically last about one hour for each rotating outage group, but could be shorter or longer in duration, depending upon circumstances. More information on CAISO rotating outages, including communities that might be affected, can be found at www.sce.com/rotatingoutage.
With high heat throughout the day expected to continue until Wednesday, including early mornings and into the evenings, additional outages unrelated to the Flex Alert may occur. SCE has crews ready and available to make repairs as quickly and safely as possible should outages occur. The company also has ensured there are adequate stores of transformers, wire and other materials often needed for heat-related outages.
Customers can report or inquire about outages at 800-611-1911 and get the latest information using the SCE outages app at sce.com/outages. They can also stay informed by visiting sce.com/staysafe, twitter.com/sce and facebook.com/sce.
A few ways customers can help conserve energy include:
- Set your thermostat to 78° when you are home and to 85° or “off” when you are away.
- Cook with a grill outside, or microwave, to keep your home cooler.
- Give your air conditioner a rest when you can and cool your home with open windows and fans.
- Shut off lights when leaving a room.
- Close your blinds to keep out the afternoon heat.
- Limit the opening and reopening of refrigerators, which are major users of electricity in many homes.
- Plug home electronics into power strips and turn off power strips when equipment is not in use.
- Unplug electronic devices and chargers when they aren’t in use. Give your dryer a break and hang-dry your clothes.
- When possible, businesses should shift power-intensive work to morning or late-evening hours.
Safety is SCE’s top priority and reminds customers that if they see a downed power line, stay away and call SCE at 800-611-1911 or call 911.
Customers are also urged to keep these extreme heat safety tips in mind:
- Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water regularly, even if you do not feel thirsty. Avoid drinks with caffeine or alcohol.
- Limit your exposure to the sun, if possible. If you must be outside, be sure to wear a hat, use sunscreen and dress in loose-fitting, lightweight and light-colored clothes that cover as much skin as possible.
- Use a buddy system when working in extreme heat and remember to take frequent breaks. Try to avoid strenuous work during the hottest part of the day.
- Check on elderly family, friends and neighbors who live alone or do not have air conditioning to make sure they’re safe.
- Never leave children or pets in enclosed vehicles, even with the windows "cracked" or open.
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://rpvca.gov/CivicSend/ViewMessage/message/120641
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| 0.935555
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|
We all know the fairy tales of Perrault and Grimm, but few readers would recognise the name of Catulle Mendès, one of the great turn-of-the-century creators of fairies. His fairy tales in Les Oiseaux bleus (“The Bluebirds”) were first published in 1888, but were largely forgotten until 1993, when the collection was reissued in French. I discovered Catulle Mendès while researching his contemporary, Jean Lorrain, whose fairy tales I have also translated. I was tickled by the outrageous princess in “La Belle du Monde” (“The Only Beautiful Woman”) and was soon reading it to children and adults in French or in my translation.
In Les Oiseaux bleus, Mendès foresaw the extinction of fairies as interveners in human life. But here at the beginning of the collection, enchantment can still change the course of things for the better: a princess prefers riches and power to a good prince, but with the help of a little magic and a lot of muscle, the prince who has tried to win her love receives a far better reward.
Readers will recognise Perrault’s inspiration and a style reminiscent of Grimm, but Mendès’ storytelling breaks with their tradition of toning down the comedy; he explores the incurable selfishness of humans by invoking laughter at the princess’s trifling and time-wasting. Mendès often takes pleasure in surprising his readers with an unexpected turn near the end of a story, as he does here, giving us, and the prince, the last laugh.
– Patricia Worth
Chronic Heart (Cœur chronique, Le Castor Astral, 2013) by Eric Sarner, winner of the Prix Max Jacob 2014, is a poetry collection composed of three parts, three melodies. Sarner tells us that Chronic Heart “recounts events, names of places, people, works, and words that, at any given moment” resonated emotionally with him. He adds that, “from beginning to end, what grabs us are our emotions and what often accompanies them, our questions. The work of the poet is to give voice to all that.”
I chose three poems from the collection’s third part, Almost a Wandering Song. This is the heart, the chronic heart rhythmically beating, punctuating us, marking time. The titles of the poems in Almost a Wandering Song are eighty Ladino words brought back from trips by the poet. While the poems are written in French, some lines are also in Ladino. The poems are stories, testimonies, time revisited through language.
– Hélène Cardona
Sébastien Rongier’s enigmatic novel 78 brings us into a provincial French brasserie in 1978, where a disparate collection of characters grow tipsy, argue, break up, smoke cigarettes, read, watch each other, and listen to the rasp of Johnny Cash’s voice wafting from the jukebox. Their stories unfold through chains of Georges Perec-like vignettes, which are gradually braided together as the characters interact.
In 1978, France was still haunted by the bitter and bloody Algerian War, which had ended sixteen years previously. Millions of pieds-noirs (European Christians and Jews living in French Algeria) and harkis (Muslim Algerians who had fought in the French army) had fled Algeria for France after Algeria gained its independence. The nostalgia for a French Algeria played a significant role in the development of the National Front political party in 1972, a far-right, nationalist, anti-immigration party led by Jean-Marie Le Pen. The National Front is still alive and thriving today, and Le Pen’s daughter, Marine Le Pen, has taken the helm; the last two years’ regional elections in France have seen historic successes for the party, and connections have been drawn between its right-wing populism and that of Donald Trump.
We see these tensions reflected in 78. Max, the owner of the brasserie, had fought in Algeria, where he met Mohamed, an Algerian who is now the brasserie’s chef. Although the two had been on opposing sides, they struck up an odd friendship. Max eventually saved Mohamed’s life: after Mohamed was nearly killed in the bloody Paris massacre of FLN (pro-liberation) Algerians in 1961, he came to Max for help. Max has been hiding and employing him illegally ever since. Meanwhile, four of the brasserie’s customers are National Front disciples, who discuss politics loudly. They are hoping to convert Max to their party, unaware of his pro-Algerian sympathies.
Rongier relies heavily on the French pronoun on, which can mean you, he, we, or they, depending on the context. While this works well in French, rendering the text all the more mysterious and giving it a lilting rhythm, it makes translation into a language without such a catch-all pronoun particularly difficult. I sacrificed some strict faithfulness to the text and to its spirit of mystery in the name of clarity, often replacing the pronoun with “the man” or “the boy.”
– Gretchen Schmid
Isadora Duncan, who haunts our car-mares with her scarf entangled, has cut a wide swath through literary, art, and film history. It was an exciting project to translate from the French her story, so wonderfully told by Anne Reynes-Delobel, in our joint project, Glorieuses Modernistes, published just now by the Presses Universitaires de Liège. A story that, along with Anne’s chapter on Kay Boyle, completed the essays I had written on seven artist women in my Glorious Eccentrics; Modernist Women Writing and Painting, each essay so expertly translated by Anne. So it has turned out to be an equilibrating project, the most delightful balancing act I can possibly imagine.
– Mary Ann Caws
Pierre Senges’s Geometry in the Dust is a book about city life. On a visit to a foreign city, the book’s narrator is trying to write a description of the city that will furnish instructions for his king to build a city in his home land. Never having seen a city before, his approach is to try to apprehend and set down on paper the principles of the city that he observes in action around him.
In this third chapter, the narrator reflects on one of the city’s many paradoxes: in order to truly know the city, we have to get lost in it. There are cultural resonances here with certain of the psychogeographers’ and Situationists’ experiments (namely la dérive: the urban walker’s surrender to unconscious impulses, useful for discovering hitherto unknown aspects of the city), but if Senges had them in mind when he was writing this chapter, they go nameless–or nearly so.
Whatever may be said of these wanderers, the greater focus is on the orientateur, or wayfinder: the person one stops on the sidewalk to ask for directions. Luckily, their instructions do not interfere with our ability to get lost: instead of useful directions, the wayfinders provide the traveler with “a Menippean satire for their little corner of the city, a macaronic, a description expressed in the local creole.” Along with the street preachers, buskers, graffitists, bustling crowds, romantic couples, and insomniacs of the city that Geometry in the Dust describes, these wayfinders are the book’s comic heroes, and probably not too different, if we only look hard enough, from ourselves.
This is the second excerpt of Geometry in the Dust to be published here at InTranslation. The first chapter was published in the May 2015 edition. The original book, published in 2004 by Éditions Verticales, includes twenty-six illustrations by the artist Killoffer.
– Jacob Siefring
Max Jacob’s writing gives a glimpse of debauchery, the kind that might lie at the collapse of linguistic functioning or on the other side of cliché and metaphor. In taking on washed-up subject matter like the story of Don Juan, Jacob gives new life to staid texts— literary history is used against itself as the means to imagine an otherwise. Yet Jacob’s work poses a problem to translation. As is true of translating most surrealists, the task of the translator becomes more about capturing sound than meaning, more about the feeling of a word than its definition; speech over language.
Some liberties were admittedly taken in translating this text. To keep meter and rhythm, some French words were exchanged for ones with entirely different meanings in English. The sounds and connotations of English words, I hope, evoke the playfulness and tone of the original. I also kept the Chapter sub-headings in French (or semi-French) since, again, the materiality of language is definitively prioritized over the meaning of the words.
This text, neither poem nor drama nor prose but something veritably non-disciplinary, was found in an archival collection of Pierre Reverdy’s short-lived journal Nord-Sud. Though a good portion of Jacob’s work has been translated into English, his writings from this journal have mostly been overlooked. This might be because the orthography is difficult; the words seem somehow unedited and difficult to parse out. Yet I kept the punctuation, spacing, and capitalization exactly as they appear in the original in order to leave a remainder or reminder of the historical context within the text—to keep the rules out, so to speak.
– Mimi Howard
Jean-Baptiste Para, the author of four volumes of poetry, does not receive the kind of attention that some other contemporary French language poets or French poets receive. But then regimes and canons of visibility are always imperfect in their constitution and more than ever in the present epoch. I would stipulate that if there were but one contemporary French poet whom one could have the opportunity to read, then it should be Para, although I would immediately add that one should also read the late and lamented poet, Alain Suied (1951-2008). Para is a poetic and literary intelligence of the first order and the possessor of a sparkling and profound literary erudition, but the truly admirable wonder is that this intelligence and erudition resonate without remainder or constraint or imposition, resonate in seamless lacing with the diction and dynamism of his poetic vibratos and crescendos. Kenneth Rexroth’s poem “For Eli Jacobson,” a poem greatly esteemed by Para, is as good a poem as Rexroth ever wrote, a perfect poem in its union of existential intelligence, socio-historical wisdom, and poetic reciprocity and tragico-existential magnanimity. But so many of Para’s poems have this shimmering and sentience of poetico-existential encompassment where life in its tragedies and celebrations emerges in a music which remains within us in ever the more sustained duration. Poems of existential and political immediacy are the most difficult of all poems to write, but Para’s tribute poem to Rosa Luxembourg, “Ghazal pour Rosa L,” greatest intelligence of her politico-historical epoch, whose terrible and tragic assassination was the gravest historico-political loss, is one of these rare poems where a subject finds its perfect election, its perfect music and duration. But so many of Para’s poems have this sustained and sustaining quality. There are poetries of richness and there are poetries of riches, but rarely a poetry in which we find both, find poem after poem as gift and reward in both breadth and depth. Para is a different poet than is Cavafy or Mandelstam, and yet in all three we find a poetic sounding and historico-existential savor and fancy that all at once are the only ones that a subject at hand could possibly have or beckon or instantiate in all actuality, attention, and affection.
– Steve Light
The underlying concept for the book Geometry in the Dust concerns the idea of the city, and its extensive, facetious description. In the book’s first chapter, excerpted here, we learn that an Eastern, desert-dwelling king has dispatched his right-hand man–the book’s narrator–to a distant, nameless city. The aide’s job is to meticulously observe and notate the city, so that these descriptions might furnish instructions to build a city of their own, in the middle of their desert kingdom.
The book’s absurd conceit becomes then, how to describe a city to a person who has no concept of one? Very slowly and carefully, perhaps. The city takes on uncanny, conspiratorial hues: every trash can, every busker, and every alley cat appears, through a paranoid sort of logic, to be the result of a monumental effort of planning and coordination. Metaphysical ramifications and urban myths lurk in every manhole. The city’s jagged, broken geometries, its sewers and subways, doves and streetlamps, cul-de-sacs and dumpsters–all must be accounted for.
As with almost all of Pierre Senges’s texts, the narration unfolds with numerous erudite allusions. These can be overwhelming at times, but mostly they function as an invitation to explore the vast universal library from which Senges often gleans his material. Fortunately, no prior knowledge of Ibn Sahl, the mad caliph Hakem, or the Book of Rare Things in the Art of Calculation by Abū Kāmil–all mentioned here in passing–is required to enjoy this Borgesian tale’s wit.
Twenty-six large black-and-white drawings by the illustrator Killoffer complement the narrator’s anatomy of the city. Above all, they suggest visions of a frenzy: objects cluttered together, the violent pace of city life, and crowds overflowing with gruesome, terror-struck faces. As such, they afford a striking counterpoint to the narrator’s calm, collected, rational elaboration of the city’s aspects.
The book is available in a large, horizontal-format edition, with glossy pages and a cutaway cover, making this book a virtually one-of-a-kind collaboration. It was published in 2004 by Éditions Verticales as the first (and only, it turns out) title in a series entitled one wonders how such books find their way into readers’ hands. A very good question, indeed.
– Jacob Siefring
Born Liliane Cohen to a family originally from Salonica (whose Jewish community was essentially wiped out by the Nazis), Liliane Atlan attended the Gilbert Bloch d’Orsay school founded in Paris for youths traumatized by the Shoah, where she studied Talmud, Torah, mystical texts, and Jewish history. Her writing is steeped in this body of literature, and her French language is inflected with Hebrew, Ladino, and Yiddish. While living in Israel after the 1967 war, Atlan was a founder of a Jewish-Arab theatre company and was, until she died (in Kfar Saba), active in Jewish-Palestinian peace and cultural initiatives. Her literary, and especially theatrical forms are experimental, constructed at the limits of narrative, representation, temporal and spatial continuity. Her poems are her most accessible texts, and her final poems—represented here—are her most beautiful, at least to my mind.
– Marguerite Feitlowitz
Guillaume Apollinaire’s “Zone,” one of the outstanding works of early literary modernism, has been translated into English by many prominent poets and critics, among them Samuel Beckett, William Meredith, W.S. Merwin, Donald Revell, and Roger Shattuck. In creating my own translation, I can’t claim their expertise, only my affection. I first encountered “Zone” in college and have been moved and delighted by it ever since. First published in 1913 in Apollinaire’s groundbreaking collection Alcools, it is a collagistic and phantasmagorical rendition of a single day in Paris, with excursions, via memory and fantasy, to many other locations and scenes.
The mixture of high and low registers, of praise for secular new technology and nostalgia for the religious and Classical past, creates a terrific energy in “Zone,” as does Apollinaire’s rejection of punctuation and use of fragments of varying lengths. The poem veers between the lyrical, the playful, and the nakedly self-revelatory.
As the poet David Lehman notes, in the introduction to his own, interesting, translation of “Zone,” most translators avoid attempting to replicate the poem’s many end rhymes. But to me these rhymes give the poem much of its buoyancy, humor, and emotional impact, and I have worked to replicate their effect. Where there seemed to me to be a conflict between literal transcription and a looser word or phrase that better captured the rhythm or spirit of the original, I chose the latter.
Perhaps my greatest deviation is in the very first line. “A la fin tu es las de ce monde ancien” translates straightforwardly as “In the end you are tired of this ancient world.” Lehman rightly points out Apollinaire’s “audacity” in starting a poem with the words “in the end.” But my ear kept snagging on those few words, whether I tried “You’re weary in the end of this ancient world” or “In the end you’re tired of this ancient world,” or any other like translation. I ask Apollinaire’s forgiveness for the decision to enter swiftly into the hectic pace of his poem with the more frictionless “You’ve grown weary of this ancient world.”
“Zone” seems capable of being endlessly and compellingly translated, and no “right” translation will ever conquer all the others.
– Pamela Erens
The Brooklyn Rail welcomes you to our web-exclusive section InTranslation, where we feature unpublished translations of fiction, nonfiction, poetry, and dramatic writing. Launched in April 2007, InTranslation is a venue for outstanding work in translation and a resource for translators, authors, editors, and publishers seeking to collaborate.
We seek exceptional unpublished English translations from all languages.
Fiction, Nonfiction, and Poetry: Manuscripts of no longer than 20 pages (double-spaced).
Plays: Manuscripts of no longer than 30 pages (in left-justified format).
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PQM Message Style Guide
This is a short guide to writing useful PQM messages. PQM messages are used to create the changelog/release notes which are published to the user community. By spending an extra minute crafting a good message, you can save the creator of the release notes up to 20 minutes or more.
Writing Good PQM Messages
The following are examples of what to write, in order, after bzr pqm-submit -m "[r=Spock][ui=uhuru][bug=1701] <text below>
- Describe what impact the change will have on users. What will the users notice? e.g.
- "Users now can X"
- "It is no longer possible to do Y"
- "The text on the ABC form is now Z" (e.g. "reworded to be gender neutral")
- If the above isn't clear enough for "Joe User" to understand, explaining the background to the change can be helpful, by adding in "Previously, X used to do Y". For example:
- "Previously, users were unable to upload files to a PPA if they had zero karma."
- Adding an example URL for new features is good. If you don't, chances are the creator of the release notes will ping you for one.
- Include bugs fixed in this landing using the [bug=bugno] PQM directive. You may supply a comma-separated list of Launchpad bug numbers.
- Include names of specs implemented in this landing. e.g, "Implements Native-XPI-Imports."
[r=gmb][ui=none][bug=121348,113974] The BugZilla resolutions 'CODE_FIX' and 'PATCH_ALREADY_AVAILABLE' (for bugs of status CLOSED, VERIFIED or RESOLVED in BugZilla) are now mapped to the Launchpad 'Fix released' bug status. Bugzilla's 'WONTFIX' resolution now correctly maps to Launchpad's 'Won't Fix' status. Previously, these resolutions were incorrectly mapped to Launchpad's 'Invalid' status.'
[r=sinzui][ui=rockstar][[bug=90791] Anonymous users may no longer nominate a bug for release and will be asked to log in when they attempt to do so. Previously, anonymous users trying to nominate a bug for release would trigger an application error. "
[r=bigjools][ui=none][bug=none] There is a new page that shows a branch's associated bugs, blueprints and subscribers. Implements branch-associations-view. See https://code.launchpad.net/~ubuntu-doc/ubuntu-doc/trunk/+associations for an example.
Note that because the -m message ends up in the Subject: header, it's possible that really long pqm-submit messages could bounce, get truncated, discarded, spam caught, or whatever, depending on the end-recipient's mail server's policies.
RFC 2822 puts an upper limit (i.e. "MUST be no more than") 998 characters and a soft limit ("SHOULD be no more than") of 78 characters. Not to say that PQM couldn't continue the Subject header across multiple lines of course.
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"ancient Celtic minstrel-poet," mid-15c., from Scottish, from Old Celtic bardos "poet, singer," from Celtic *bardo-, possibly from PIE *gwredho- "he who makes praises," suffixed form of root *gwere- (2) "to favor."
In historical times, a term of great respect among the Welsh, but one of contempt among the Scots (who considered them itinerant troublemakers). Subsequently idealized by Scott in the more ancient sense of "lyric poet, singer." Poetic use of the word in English is from Greek bardos, Latin bardus, both from Gaulish.
All vagabundis, fulis, bardis, ſcudlaris, and ſiclike idill pepill, ſall be brint on the cheek, and ſcourgit with wandis, except thay find ſum craft to win thair living. [from a 16c. list of historical laws of Scottish kings, in Sir James Balfour, "Practicks: Or, a System of the More Ancient Law of Scotland," 1754]
Old English sang "voice, song, art of singing; metrical composition adapted for singing, psalm, poem," from Proto-Germanic *songwho- (source also of Old Norse söngr, Norwegian song, Swedish sång, Old Saxon, Danish, Old Frisian, Old High German, German sang, Middle Dutch sanc, Dutch zang, Gothic saggws), from PIE *songwh-o- "singing, song," from *sengwh- "to sing, make an incantation" (see sing (v.)).
Phrase for a song "for a trifle, for little or nothing" is from "All's Well" III.ii.9 (the identical image, por du son, is in Old French. With a song in (one's) heart "feeling joy" is first attested 1930 in Lorenz Hart's lyric. Song and dance as a form of vaudeville act is attested from 1872; figurative sense of "rigmarole" is from 1895.
"of or in the manner of Anacreon," the "convivial bard of Greece," celebrated lyrical poet (560-478 B.C.E.), born at Teos in Ionia. Also in reference to his lyric form (1706) of a four-line stanza, rhymed alternately, each line with four beats (three trochees and a long syllable), also "convivial and amatory" (1801); and "an erotic poem celebrating love and wine" (1650s).
The name is literally "Up-lord," from ana "up" (see ana-) + kreon "lord, master," which Beekes calls "an inherited word from Indo-European poetic language," from PIE *kreih- "splendor," and he compares Sanskrit sri- "magnificence, riches, splendor, fame."
U.S. lawyer and writer Francis Scott Key (1779-1843) in 1814 set or wrote his poem "The Star-Spangled Banner" to the melody of the drinking song of the popular London gentleman's club called The Anacreontic Society, dedicated to "wit, harmony, and the god of wine." The tune is late 18c. and may be the work of society member and court musician John Stafford Smith (1750-1836).
[be left, remain] mid-15c., "remain, continue in existence," from Old French rester "to remain, stay" (12c.), from Latin restare "stand back, be left," from re- "back" (see re-) + stare "to stand" (from PIE root *sta- "to stand, make or be firm").
It has been largely confused and partly merged with rest (v.1), which, however, is Germanic.
The meaning "be in a certain state or position" (of affairs, etc.) is from late 15c. The older sense of "to continue to be" is rare but in phrases such as rest assured. To rest with "be in the power of, depend upon" is by 1819.
The transitive sense of "to keep, cause to continue to remain" was common in 16c.-17c., "used with a predicate adjective following and qualifying the object" [Century Dictionary]. Hence the phrase rest you merry (1540s, Shakespeare also has rest you fair), earlier rest þe murie (mid-13c.), as a greeting, "rest well, be happy," from the old adverbial use of merry. The Christmas carol lyric God rest ye merry, gentlemen, often is mispunctuated.
mid-13c., musike, "a pleasing succession of sounds or combinations of sounds; the science of combining sounds in rhythmic, melodic, and (later) harmonic order," from Old French musique (12c.) and directly from Latin musica "the art of music," also including poetry (also source of Spanish musica, Italian musica, Old High German mosica, German Musik, Dutch muziek, Danish musik), from Greek mousikē (technē) "(art) of the Muses," from fem. of mousikos "pertaining to the Muses; musical; educated," from Mousa "Muse" (see muse (n.)).
The modern spelling is from 1630s. In classical Greece, any art in which the Muses presided, but especially music and lyric poetry.
Music is the sound of the universal laws promulgated. [Thoreau]
The use of letters to denote music pitch probably is at least as old as ancient Greece, as their numbering system was ill-suited to the job. Natural scales begin at C (not A) because in ancient times the minor mode was more often used than the major one, and the natural minor scale begins at A.
Meaning "the written or printed score of a composition" is from 1650s.
Music box is from 1773, originally "barrel organ," by 1845 in reference to the wind-up mechanical device; music hall is by 1842 as "interior space used for musical performances," especially "public hall licensed for musical entertainment" (1857). To face the music "accept the consequences" is from 1850; the exact image is uncertain, one theory ties it to stage performers, another to cavalry horses having to be taught to stay calm while the regimental band plays. To make (beautiful) music with someone "have sexual intercourse" is from 1967.
c. 1200, "a servant, a functionary;" c. 1300, "instrumental musician, singer or storyteller;" from Old French menestrel "entertainer, poet, musician; servant, workman;" also "a good-for-nothing, a rogue," from Medieval Latin ministralis "servant, jester, singer," from Late Latin ministerialem (nominative ministerialis) "imperial household officer, one having an official duty," from ministerialis (adj.) "ministerial," from Latin ministerium (see ministry). The connecting notion to entertainers is the jester, musician, etc., as a court position.
Specific sense of "musician" developed in Old French, and the Norman conquest introduced the class into England, where they assimilated with the native gleemen. But in English from late 14c. to 16c. the word was used of anyone (singers, storytellers, jugglers, buffoons) whose profession was to entertain patrons. Their social importance and reputation in England deteriorated and by Elizabethan times they were ranked as a public nuisance. Only in 18c. English was the word limited, in a historical sense, to "medieval singer of heroic or lyric poetry who accompanied himself on a stringed instrument." Compare troubadour, jongleur.
By 1843 in American English in reference to a class of singers of "Negro melodies" and delineators of "plantation life," usually white men in blackface (burnt cork). The act itself dates to c. 1830.
The characteristic feature of such a troupe or band is the middle-man or interlocutor, who leads talk and gives the cues, and the two end-men, who usually perform on the tambourine and the bones, and between whom the indispensable conundrums and jokes are exchanged. As now constituted, a negro-minstrel troupe retains but little of its original character except the black faces and the old jokes. [Century Dictionary, 1895]
1590s, "pertaining to the island of Lesbos," from Latin Lesbius, from Greek lesbios "of Lesbos," Greek island in northeastern Aegean Sea (the name originally may have meant "wooded"), home of Sappho, great lyric poet whose erotic and romantic verse embraced women as well as men, hence meaning "relating to homosexual relations between women, characterized by erotic interest in other women" (in continuous use from 1890; the noun lesbianism from this sense is attested from 1870) and the noun, which is first recorded 1925.
Sappho's particular association with erotic love between women (with or without concurrent relations with men) dates to at least 1732 in writing in English, though the continuous use of lesbian and the modern words formed from it are from late 19c. The use of lesbian as a noun and an adjective in this sense seems to follow the same pattern.
In another Place the same commentator conjectures, that Myra is a Corruption of Myrrhina а famous Courtesan of Athens, who first practis'd and taught in that City Sappho's Manner and the Lesbian Gambols. ["Peregrine O Donald" (William King), "The Toast," 1732]
Before this, the principal figurative use of Lesbian was lesbian rule (c. 1600 and especially common in 17c.) a mason's rule of lead, of a type used in ancient times on Lesbos, which could be bent to fit the curves of a molding; hence, figuratively, "pliant morality or judgment."
And this is the nature of the equitable, a correction of law where it is defective owing to its universality. ... For when the thing is indefinite the rule also is indefinite, like the leaden rule used in making the Lesbian moulding; the rule adapts itself to the shape of the stone and is not rigid, and so too the decree is adapted to the facts. [Aristotle, "Nicomachean Ethics"]
It also was used in English from 1775 in reference to wines from Lesbos. Though the specific "pertaining to female homosexuality" is recent, Lesbian had long before that a suggestion of "amatory, erotic," "From the reputed character of the inhabitants and the tone of their poetry" [Century Dictionary]. The island's erotic reputation was ancient; Greek had a verb lesbiazein "to imitate the Lesbians," which implied "sexual initiative and shamelessness" among women (especially fellatio), but not necessarily female homosexuality, and they did not differentiate such things the way we have.
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Speech by Angel Gurría, OECD Secretary-General
Tokyo, Japan Press Club, 04 December 2007
Good afternoon, Ladies and Gentlemen,
Thank you for inviting me to speak at the Japan Press Club. It is an honour to be in this prestigious building, and to have the opportunity to address such an influential audience. I am delighted to be able to share with you the new results of one of our most widely known and cited research products, the latest report from PISA, the OECD’s Programme for International Student Assessment.
PISA examines how well individual national education systems are doing in equipping their young people for the world of tomorrow. In the highly competitive globalised economy of today, quality education is one of the most valuable assets that a society and an individual can have. Skills are key factors for productivity, economic growth and better living standards. Effective and innovative education policies open enormous opportunities for individuals just as faulty educational systems result in declining standards, exclusion and unemployment. They also underpin healthy and vibrant economies. That is why education plays a central role in OECD’s agenda.
Dramatic changes in the global talent pool over recent decades oblige countries to assess the educational progress of their young people in a global context. Today, countries like China or India are delivering high skills at moderate cost and at an ever increasing pace. Other countries – including the developed countries that are members of OECD -- cannot ignore these competitive pressures, on pain of harming their own future well-being.
Governments are aware of this challenge and I am happy to present the results of our latest PISA assessment where no less than 57, countries participated, up from 41 in 2003 and 28 in 2000, covering close to 90% of the world economy. In my remarks today, I will begin by showing where countries stand in terms of the science knowledge and skills of their 15-year-olds. I will then highlight where education systems can be, by showing you what the best performing education systems achieve in terms of quality, equity, and efficiency. And I will conclude with identifying some of the policy levers that PISA identifies for raising quality and improving equity.
There are many reasons for doing the global PISA launch in Tokyo. One of them is certainly the remarkable progress that Japan has achieved in preparing for the educational challenges of a globalised world. In the 1960s, Japan ranked 14th among OECD countries in the proportion of its population with tertiary qualifications. Today it ranks second, just after Canada. But there is more to be proud of. As I mentioned, PISA 2006 focuses on the science performance of 15-year-olds. And it shows that Japan, along with Finland, Canada, Australia and Korea, achieves not only high performance but also offers an equitable access to learning opportunities. Students from all socio-economic spheres are given an opportunity to realise their potential, and they take these opportunities up. These results are a wake-up call for other countries that are doing less well in this respect. But OECD countries also need to look outside the OECD area, where we find three of the 5 top performers in PISA 2006 (Hong Kong China, Chinese Taipei and Estonia).
But PISA is much more than just a ranking. It also tells countries about their strengths and weaknesses compared to their peers. Japan is a case in point: Japanese students did extremely well when asked to use scientific evidence: reproduce knowledge, interpret evidence, draw conclusions and identify the underlying reasoning. But they struggled to identify scientific issues and to figure out the features of a scientific investigation, in short they have difficulties to apply their knowledge to novel situations.
This is an important finding. Students who learn just to memorise and reproduce scientific knowledge and skills may find themselves ill-prepared for tomorrow’s job market. The current curriculum reform in Japan aims to strengthen students’ competency in the investigative arena so there is recognition of this problem. Successful countries in this area, such as Finland, New Zealand, Australia, the Netherlands and Canada, may provide useful points of reference and offer best practices.
We have devoted most of the attention in PISA 2006 to science, but PISA looks at other competency areas too. In mathematics, which had been our focus area in 2003, Japan maintained a high achievement level of 523 score points, even if the lower performance of girls dragged overall performance down slightly. In reading the results remained broadly unchanged since 2003 too, but at a much lower performance level, 498 score points. Accessing, managing, integrating and evaluating written information appears to be the greatest challenge for Japanese 15-year-olds.
But looking at averages only is not enough. How skills are distributed also matters. High-level skills are particularly important for countries like Japan that operate at the frontier of technological development. On average across OECD countries, 1.3% of 15-year-olds reach Level 6, the top level of the PISA 2006 science scale. This group can consistently identify, explain and apply scientific knowledge in a variety of complex life situations. Japan has twice as many top performers as the OECD average (2.6%). This is a very good result but it could be even better. In New Zealand and Finland the share of Level 6 performers is at least 3.9%, three times the OECD average; these countries also do better in the percentage of students reaching the next best level. This is a very important finding because, even if PISA cannot establish the causal nature of the relationship, the proportion of Level 5 and 6 performers at age 15 is a good predictor for a country’s research intensity; it explains 70% of the OECD cross-country variation in the share of researchers in total employment.
But science education is not just about those who move on to become brain surgeons and particle physicists. It should also give citizens the ability to participate fully in society and in the labour market. This requires baseline scientific competency at least at PISA Level 2, which requires competencies such as recalling single scientific concepts and using results of a scientific experiment represented in a data table as they support a personal decision. Many countries have a serious problem with low performers; across the OECD, on average 19.2% of students perform below the PISA baseline Level 2. On this score, Japan again looks good with only 12% of 15-year-olds not reaching Level 2. But again Finland looks better with only 4%. Our experience in many countries has been that it is extremely difficult to reverse patterns of poor performance, and as skill demands in labour-markets increase, the social costs of poor educational levels are high and increasing. Therefore, even if the proportion of low performers in Japan is still low compared with other OECD countries, monitoring this will deserve continued attention.
In PISA 2006 we also looked at students’ attitudes towards science. Why is this important? Competing successfully in a globalised world increasingly depends on countries’ ability to innovate. This in turn will require major investments in scientific infrastructure and the ability to attract qualified individuals into science-related professions. Governments have to secure broad public support for scientific endeavour. Science and technology have enabled remarkable achievement over the past 100 years, but addressing these challenges successfully will require countries to make major investments in scientific infrastructure and to attract qualified individuals into science-related professions, as well as to secure broad public support for scientific endeavour and the capacity of all citizens to use science in relation to their lives. Peoples’ attitudes to science thus play a key role. In general, Japanese 15-year-olds report a fairly strong level of appreciation of science, even if it is not as strong as it is in many other OECD countries. But they often attach less personal value to science than their peers in other OECD countries. They fail to see the opportunities that science can offer for their own lives and their motivation for future science learning is low. Only 8% of Japanese students say that they expect a science-related career at age 30 (OECD average 25%), the lowest proportion in the OECD. Last but not least, while doing well in the PISA test, Japanese 15-year-olds were least confident in their science abilities among OECD countries.
We reach similar conclusions when it comes to science and the environment. Japanese 15-year-olds report a below-average level of awareness of most of the environmental issues, with environmental awareness and science performance closely linked. It also seems that many young Japanese may not yet have fully grasped the seriousness of the environmental challenges that we face, as they tend to report an above-average level of optimism regarding environmental issues, and the less they know about science, the more optimistic they report to be that the environmental challenges will be successfully addressed.
I would like to mention another very important dimension of all our work at the OECD: gender differences. Here, the PISA 2006 results are very encouraging: In 22 out of 30 OECD countries, boys and girls perform equally well in science. But will this result in gender parity later on in life, in career choices, in jobs, in salaries? Of course, we do not know what study choices Japanese 15-year-olds will actually make when they are older. But PISA does show that Japanese girls are much less motivated to learn science than boys. Girls rarely participate in science-related activities, even though Japanese girls do well on academic tests. This is an important policy concern.
Knowing how things are is important. But how can we make things better? The results from the OECD PISA Assessment leave us with the question what schools and school policy-makers can do to raise performance and to moderate the impact that socio-economic background has on student performance.
Some people say that strong educational performance is all to do with money. And indeed, the results from PISA show a positive cross-country relationship with expenditure per student. But the relationship is far from straightforward: Finland, New Zealand, Korea, Japan, Australia and the Netherlands do well with moderate expenditure, while top spenders like the United States and Norway perform below the OECD average. The PISA results also show that, across the OECD area, student performance has generally remained flat between 2000 and 2006 while expenditure on education in OECD countries has risen by 39% in real terms during this period.
So money is important but not sufficient to raise educational performance. It matters at least equally how educational resources are invested. An adequate supply of teachers and quality of educational resources at school are associated with better learning outcomes. But more importantly, there are a number of school policies and practices that are crucial for performance without being necessarily tied to resources. Let me just highlight three of them – institutional differentiation, autonomy, and accountability, because they feature so prominently in national education policy debates.
Differentiation at an early age damages equity without improving quality. In systems that separate children early in secondary school, students’ performance by the age of 15 depends more than average on their socio-economic background. And there is no systematic benefit in terms of the average performance. This is an important policy lesson, perhaps less so for Japan but, but certainly for many of Europe’s education systems.
Private schooling is another form of institutional differentiation. Looking only at performance, students in private schools outperformed those in public schools in 20 countries. Only in three countries, public schools showed better results than private ones. But once you take account of the socio-economic background of students and schools the picture changes. Public schools then have an advantage of 12 score points over private schools. Private schools do of course offer an attractive alternative for parents looking to maximise the benefits for their children, including those benefits that come from the socio-economic level of schools’ intake, but more private schooling is not automatically associated with better overall outcomes. In Japan, we found no performance difference between public and private schools before the socio-economic background of students and schools was taken into account. But once we took these factors on board, students in public schools outperformed students in private schools. As a caveat, let me add here that we should, of course, also consider that there is significant variability in Japan’s private schools. While some perform very well, others are geared to educating poor performers who did not succeed in the public system.
On the second point: autonomy. Another feature that the best performers in PISA share is that they have devolved responsibility to the frontline. PISA suggests that countries giving more responsibility to schools tend to perform better. Giving schools more autonomy in formulating the budget, and letting them decide on allocations within the school tends to go hand in hand with better performance. This remains true even after accounting for socio-economic background and as other school and system level factors.
The third point is accountability, and improved accountability is a fundamental counterpart to greater school autonomy. Accountability has to do, among other factors, with how education systems use results from assessments. In many countries, this is controversially debated. Some see assessment results primarily as tools to reveal best practices and identify shared problems in order to encourage teachers and schools to improve learning environments. Others extend their purpose to use the results to support contestability of public services or foster market-mechanisms in the allocation of resources. And it is widely debated to what extent information on student performance should be made available to parents and the public at large. PISA shows that schools posting results publicly tend to perform better (even after accounting for all other school and socio-economic factors). This effect is strong across many countries. This suggests that external monitoring of standards, rather than relying mostly on schools and teachers to uphold them, can make a real difference to results.
PISA itself has encouraged countries not to take internally assessed education standards for granted. We can already see that the discipline provided by subjecting schools to external assessment with publicly visible results produces strong effects. Of course, such issues are very sensitive and need to be carefully addressed, particularly in a country like Japan that has just reintroduced a national assessment system this year, after 50 years of absence of external monitoring. However, the long-term perspective of improved transparency in schooling outcomes is important.
School systems continue to face the challenge how to improve equity without threatening quality. Given that resources are finite, the answer is not straightforward. Will reducing resources for socio-economically advantaged students and schools harm students’ performance more than improving resources for socio-economically disadvantaged students and schools would improve results? Even if this were not to lower the average score, it is possible that it would reduce the number of high-performing students, which in itself is undesirable.
PISA tells us that the most important factors for success they are not the ones most closely associated with finite material resources, such as the distribution of good teachers. Rather, what matters is how schools and the school system are run – for example, the amount of time that students spend in class and the extent to which schools are accountable for their results. Delivering such advantages to one student is not obviously at the expense of another. This, in itself, is an important conclusion from PISA. It underlines once more that quality, equity and coherence in educational standards are indeed achievable policy goals.
By way of conclusion, let me say that educational policies should provide the basis for our children to succeed. Successful learning experiences involve enabling environments at school, at home, everywhere. To get it right requires a deep understanding of how the system works. PISA is one of the tools at hand to improve performance, not only for policy-makers but for all of us striving to give our children the best education we can. But getting it right also requires courage to take the right measures and to reform when needed. The OECD stands ready to help – both with the analysis and the often difficult aspects of making reform happen.
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While they are cleaner and safer than fossil fuels, bioethanol production's ever-increasing need of valuable farmland for crops - like corn and sugarcane - could result to possible food shortages and price increases.
To answer this dilemma, a group of scientists from various universities in Israel have been looking at marine macroalgae, or seaweed. They have found that it can be grown more quickly than land-based crops and harvested as fuel without sacrificing usable land.
Avigdor Abelson, a professor of Tel Aviv University's Department of Zoology and the new Renewable Energy Center, says that growing the macroalgae for bioethanol production can also solve the problem of eutrophication along the coasts.
Many coastal regions, including the Red Sea in the south of Israel, have suffered from eutrophication - pollution caused by human waste and fish farming, which leads to excessive amounts of nutrients and detrimental algae, ultimately harming endangered coral reefs.
The scientists devised a man-made "ecosystem," called the "Combined Aquaculture Multi-Use Systems," which takes into account the realities of the marine environment and human activity.
The excess nutrients from man-made fish feeders, which are considered pollutants due to its harmful effects to the marine environment, could be used by filter feeders like oysters, which in turn produce food that could sustain the growth of more seaweed.
The researchers are now working to increase the carbohydrate and sugar contents of the seaweed for efficient fermentation into bioethanol, and they believe that microalgae will be a major source for biofuel in the future.
Ecoseed’s mission is to provide global, complete, innovative, and up to date news, information, resources, and opportunities, catalyst to incorporate environmental awareness and responsibility into…
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Cultural Arts Center
About the Cultural Arts Center
As the most unique public arts program in central Ohio, the Cultural Arts Center offers novice to advanced art enthusiasts the opportunity to explore the incredible world of visual art. No matter your skill or interest level, here you can express your ideas, enhance your creativity, work with your hands and explore your artistic potential. You can gain inspiration from others, participate in passionate discussions, work alongside accomplished artists and venture into new art learning. You are invited to participate in the Cultural Arts Center’s many exciting program opportunities. Attend college-level classes and workshops in a relaxed, non-accredited recreational setting, tour the historic 140 year old arsenal, visit the free monthly gallery exhibits, attend lectures and special events, and shop in the gift shop filled with one-of-a-kind art work. Classes include: ceramics, sculpture and bronze; drawing, painting and printmaking; fiber arts; jewelry and enameling; beading; and special workshops.
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As a Maven repository, Artifactory is both a source for artifacts needed for a build, and a target to deploy artifacts generated in the build process.Maven is configured using a
settings.xml file located under your Maven home directory (typically, this will be
/user.home/.m2/settings.xml) . For more information on configuring Maven please refer to the
Apache Maven Project Settings Reference.
The default values in this file configure Maven to work with a default set of repositories used to resolve artifacts and a default set of plugins.
To work with Artifactory you need to configure Maven to perform the following two steps:
Once your Maven build is configured, Artifactory also provides tight integration with commonly used CI servers (such as Jenkins, TeamCity or a Bamboo) through a set of plugins that you can freely install and use.
Viewing Maven Artifacts
If you select a Maven metadata file (maven-metadata.xml) or a POM file (pom.xml) in the Tree Browser, Artifactory provides corresponding tabs allowing you to view details on the selected item.
Maven Metadata View
Resolving Artifacts through Artifactory
To configure Maven to resolve artifacts through Artifactory you need to modify the
settings.xml. You can generate one automatically, or modify it manually.
Automatically Generating Settings
To make it easy for you to configure Maven to work with Artifactory, Artifactory can automatically generate a
settings.xml file which you can save under your Maven home directory.
The definitions in the generated
settings.xml file override the default central and snapshot repositories of Maven.
In the Artifact Repository Browser of the Artifacts module, select Set Me Up. In the Set Me Up dialog, set Maven in the Tool field and click "Generate Maven Settings". You can now specify the repositories you want to configure for Maven.
|The repository from which to resolve releases|
|The repository from which to resolve snapshots|
|The repository from which to resolve plugin releases|
|The repository from which to resolve plugin snapshots|
|When set, you can select a repository that should mirror any other repository. For more details please refer to Additional Mirror Any Setup|
Once you have configured the settings for Maven you can click "Generate Settings" to generate and save the
Provisioning Dynamic Settings for Users
You can deploy and provision a dynamic settings template for your users.
Once downloaded, settings are generated according to your own logic and can automatically include user authentication information.
Manually Overriding the Built-in Repositories
To override the built-in central and snapshot repositories of Maven, you need to ensure that Artifactory is correctly configured so that no request is ever sent directly to them.
Using the automatically generated file as a template
You can use the automatically generated
settings.xml file as an example when defining the repositories to use for resolving artifacts.
To do so, you need to insert the following into your parent POM or
settings.xml (under an active profile):
Using the Default Global Repository
You can configure Maven to run with the Default Global Repository so that any request for an artifact will go through Artifactory which will search through all of the local and remote repositories defined in the system.
We recommend that you fine tune Artifactory to search through a more specific set of repositories by defining a dedicated virtual (or local) repository, and configure Maven to use that to resolve artifacts instead.
Additional Mirror Any Setup
In addition to overriding built-in Maven repositories, you can use the Mirror Any setting to redirect all requests to a Maven repository through Artifactory, including those defined inside POMs of plug-ins and third party dependencies. (While it does not adhere to best practices, it is not uncommon for POMs to reference Maven repositories directly). This ensures no unexpected requests directly to Maven are introduced by such POMs.
You can either check Mirror Any in the Maven Settings screen when generating your
settings.xml file, or you can manually insert the following:
Care when using "Mirror Any"
While this is a convenient way to ensure Maven only accesses repositories through Artifactory, it defines a coarse proxying rule that does not differentiate between releases and snapshots and relies on the single specified repository to do this resolution.
For more information on using mirrors please refer to Using Mirrors for Repositories in the Apache Maven documentation.
Artifactory requires user authentication in three cases:
- Anonymous access has been disabled by unchecking the global Allow Anonymous Access setting.
- You want to restrict access to repositories to a limited set of users
- When deploying builds (while theoretically possible, it is uncommon to allow anonymous access to deployment repositories)
Authentication is configured in Maven using
<server> elements in the
Each <repository> and <mirror> element specified in the file must have a corresponding <server> element with a matching <id> that specifies the username and password.
The sample snippet below emphasizes that the
<repository> element with
id=central has a corresponding
<server> element with
<repository> element with
id=snapshots has a corresponding
<server> element with
The same would hold for <mirror> elements that require authentication.
In both cases the username is
admin and the password is encrypted.
Artifactory encrypts passwords for safe and secure access to Maven repositories
To avoid having to use cleartext passwords, Artifactory encrypts the password in the settings.xml file that is generated. For example, in the above sample snippet we can see that the admin user name is specified in cleartext, but the password is encrypted:
Synchronizing authentication details for repositories with the same URL
If you have repository definitions (either for deployment or download) that use the same URL, Maven takes the authentication details (from the corresponding server definition) of the first repository encountered and uses it for the life-time of the running build for all repositories with the same URL. This may cause authentication to fail (producing 401 errors for downloads or deployment) if you are using different authentication details for the respective repositories. This is inherent Maven behavior and can only be solved by using the same authentication details for all repository definitions with the same URL in your
Deploying Artifacts Through Artifactory
Setting Up Distribution Management
To deploy build artifacts through Artifactory you must add a deployment element with the URL of a target local repository to which you want to deploy your artifacts.
To make this easier, Artifactory displays a code snippet that you can use as your deployment element. In the Artifacts module Tree Browser select the repository you want to deploy to and click Set Me UP. The code snippet is displayed under Deploy.
Remember that you can not deploy build artifacts to remote or virtual repositories, so you should not use them in a deployment element.
Setting Up Security in Maven Settings
When deploying your Maven builds through Artifactory, you must ensure that any
<repository> element in your distribution settings has a corresponding
<server> element in the
settings.xml file with a valid username and password as described in Configuring Authentication above. For the example displayed above, the Maven client expects to find a
<server> element in the
Anonymous access to distribution repository
If anonymous access to your distribution repository is allowed then there is no need to configure authentication. However, while it is technically possible, this is not good practice and is therefore an unlikely scenario
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Autism Potty Training
For parents of children with autism potty training can be especially challenging. In my years of working with families with young children with autism and other developmental disabilities, we've found the following guidelines for toilet training extremely helpful. Many families have had a lot of success using them, which is why I want to share them with you.
1. When ready to start a potty training program, be prepared to stay home and not make plans, so the full attention is on getting your child potty trained. It could take a few days, a week or two, or even longer, depending on your child and how consistent parents (and whomever is working with the child) is.
2. Child must wear regular underwear. Pull-ups and diapers are only used when child is sleeping.
3. Keep child's bladder full of liquids as much as possible throughout the day, but avoid salty foods, because that makes children thirsty, and you want the child to drink without something to make them want to drink.
4. Every 30 minutes take the child to the bathroom. Have child sit on the potty for 10 to 20 minutes or until child voids. If by 20 minutes child does not void, instruct child to pull up pants with the least amount of help as possible and allow child to leave the bathroom. Boys should sit on the toilet during training. When the child is on the potty, it is not fun or reinforcing until the child voids.
5. If the child voids during this time, reinforce with a tangible item as well as verbal praise right a way. Cue the child to pull pants up and then allow child to leave the bathroom.
6. Using a timer, a child is to have a dry check. Guide child's hand on their pants so they can feel whether they are dry or wet as well as the person doing it with the child can double check. If child is dry, provide reinforcement and verbal praise.
7. If during a "dry check" the child is wet, have them touch the wet pants and tell them where they should void. ( ex. we pee pee in the potty, no pee pee on the floor.) Bring child to the bathroom right away. Prompt them to pull down their wet pants, sit on the potty, and them pull up their wet pants and bring them back to the spot where they urinated in and follow this routine again. Do this positive practice 5 times. Use a full prompt procedure if need be. After the fifth run through in the wet pants, change child, have child clean the wet spot. Do not provide a lot of attention at this time. This practice is not suppose to be fun for the child. If child is crying and or acting out, ignore those behaviors and go on with implementation.
8. Usually when first starting this positive practice, children will have accidents, but don't give up, keep implementing this positive practice procedure.
9. The first time the child self-initiates, stop scheduling the child for potty time. Once this occurs, you do not schedule a potty time again, because if you do so, the child will become dependent on a schedule rather then initiate on their own.
10. Continue to keep child's bladder filled with fluids. At this time more accidents are likely to occur, but continue to use the positive practice procedure when this happens.
11. During potty training you should not require the child to mand (request) the potty and you should not prompt them to ask for it either. That will come once self-initiations are met.
12. Within a short period of time the accidents should go down to a minimal, if any. At this time, the child should begin to self-initiate more often. IF the child only initiates that one time over about a two week period, start scheduling again.
13. After a child has had twenty consecutive initiations, with no accidents you may stop forcing the fluids.
14. When you are ready to venture to a store or other public places, fill your child's bladder right before you go, so as soon as you get to where ever, without saying anything, walk right to the bathroom and to the stall and show them the toilet. See if they will self-initiate. If not, then use minimal prompting.
15.Bowel training. Accidents of this type will continue to occur for many children after voiding in under control. Do not go back to diaper. Do not use positive practice procedure for this, just have the child clean it up. Eventually the child will begin using the toilet for bowel movements as well.
16. Once the child is voiding and having bowel movements in the potty, then it is time to teach boys to stand while urinating.
17. If a child has a regular bowel schedule, you might want might want to have them sit on the potty at that time.
18. After a month or so of self initiations with no accidents, you may want to have the child start manding (requesting) for the potty. A way to do this is stopping the immediate access to the bathroom., while the child is on their way to it, so they have to say something prompted or unprompted to get to it, or if its a nonverbal child, then have them give you a pecs symbol of a potty as their mand. Make sure self-initiations are strong before having a child request to go to the bathroom.
I hope these guide lines are helpful to successful potty training!
Share your autism potty training question or success story with me
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We propose a longitudinal spin-Seebeck effect (SSE), in which a magnon-induced spin current is injected parallel to a temperature gradient from a ferromagnet into an attached paramagnetic metal. The longitudinal SSE is measured in a simple and versatile system composed of a ferrimagnetic insulator Y3 Fe5 O12 slab and a Pt film by means of the inverse spin-Hall effect. The experimental results highlight the intriguing character of the longitudinal SSE due to its own geometric configuration.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)
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Presentation on theme: "“No action today, no cure tomorrow” adopted from WHO World Health Day 2011."— Presentation transcript:
“No action today, no cure tomorrow” adopted from WHO World Health Day 2011
Overview Antibiotic resistance – a global issue The link between antibiotic use and resistance Addressing antibiotic resistance The role of antimicrobial stewardship Actions for Antibiotic Awareness Week 2013 – 7 days, 7 ways to improve antibiotic use in our hospital
Antibiotics are a limited resource We have….. –Growing rates of resistance –Inappropriate use –Decreasing pipeline of new antibiotics 1. Accessed from from Spellberg, CID 2004 (modified)www.idsociety.org Declining FDA approvals of new antibiotics in United States 1
The “miracle” of antibiotics 2. Armstrong GL et al, JAMA 1999;281(1):61-66 Discovery of penicillin by Sir Alexander Fleming and its subsequent development by Florey & Chain revolutionised treatment of infectious disease Life expectancy has ↑ due to ability to treat infection Crude mortality rates for all causes, noninfectious causes and infectious diseases over the period
“Anne Miller, 90, first patient who was saved by penicillin” In 1999, the New York Times published an article about Anne Sheafe Miller…. “…who made medical history as the first patient ever saved by penicillin…died on May 27 in Salisbury, Conn. She was 90…..” March Mrs Miller was near death, suffering from a streptococcal infection. Doctors had tried everything available (sulfa drugs, blood transfusions, surgery). All treatments failed. Desperate, doctors obtained a tiny amount of what was still an obscure, experimental drug and injected Mrs Miller with it. Her hospital chart (now an exhibit at the Smithsonian Institution), registered a sharp overnight drop in temperature, and by the next day she was rapidly recovering. Mrs Miller's life was saved by antibiotics. Penicillin also saved the lives of all those previously felled by bacterial infections with streptococci, staphylococci and pneumococci, and the lives of an untold number of servicemen and civilians wounded in World War II. 3. Saxon W, New York Times, June 9, 1999
Antibiotics continue to save lives every day… Ability to control infection is critical to other advances in medicine –Neonatal care –Transplantation –Chemotherapy for malignancy –Immunosuppression –Safe surgery –Safe obstetric care –Intensive care interventions
Emergence of antibiotic resistance “It is not difficult to make microbes resistant to penicillin in the laboratory by exposing them to concentrations not sufficient to kill them, and the same thing has occasionally happened in the body.” Sir Alexander Fleming, 1945 The issue of antibiotic resistance was recognised early in the ‘antibiotic era’. It threatens our ability to control infection. 4. Sir Alexander Fleming, Nobel Lecture, December 1945
Emergence of antibiotic resistance Antibiotic resistance threatens ability to control infection 5. Pray LA Insight Pharma Reports 2008, in Looke D ‘The Real Threat of Antibiotic Resistance’ 2012
Resistance spreads rapidly 6. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
“The Red Plague” Refers to emerging resistance in Gram negative organisms (E. coli, Klebsiella spp.) Cause common infections e.g. UTI in community High rates of resistance in Asia- Pacific region Some strains pan-drug resistant 7. Looke DF, Gottlieb T, Jones CA, Paterson DL Med J Aust Mar 18;198(5):243-4.
Real people are affected 8. IDSA ‘Patient stories’ 2013
Impact of resistance Increased morbidity/ mortality –Evidence across many pathogens Untreatable infections – Now being encountered Increased costs 9 –$18-29,000 US/patient –Excess length of stay 6.4 – 12.7 days/patient 9. Roberts RR et al. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2009; 49:
Resistance (%ESBL) in the Asia Pacific region Australia ECOL: 12% KPNE: 15% New Zealand ECOL: 11% KPNE: 10% Hong Kong ECOL: 46% KPNE: 23% India ECOL: 78% KPNE: 64% Indonesia ECOL: 71% KPNE: 64% Japan† ECOL: 17% KPNE: 11% Korea ECOL: 37% KPNE: 40% Malaysia ECOL: 36% KPNE: 45% Philippines ECOL: 47% KPNE: 23% Singapore ECOL: 21% KPNE: 32% Taiwan ECOL: 91% KPNE: 75% 10. Mendes et al., Antimicrob. Agents Chemother *Xiao et al, Drug Resist Updat, 2011 (2009 data) 12. †Chong et al., EJCMID, 2011 (2009 data) China* ECOL: 54% KPNE: 41% Thailand* ECOL: 55% KPNE: 50%
Resistance in Australia gains public attention… We need to act now!!
Antibiotic resistance locally Which infections are we seeing ? What are our susceptibility and resistance patterns ? [Insert hospital data] [Numbers of cases] [Examples of cases]
The link between antibiotic resistance and antibiotic use Countries with high penicillin consumption also have high rates of penicillin resistance in pneumococci 13. van de Sande-Bruinsma N et al. Emerging Infectious Diseases 2008; 14(11): Occurrence of penicillin- nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae (PNSP) versus outpatient use of penicillins in 17 European countries.
Antibiotic usage varies between hospitals Even within a country – huge inter-hospital variation in antibiotic consumption e.g. Meropenem use – 10-fold variation across 52 Australian hospitals 14. South Australian Infection Control Service. National Antimicrobial Utilisation Surveillance Program (NAUSP) Annual Report. National Antimicrobial Utilisation Surveillance Program (NAUSP) annual report 14
What is inappropriate use ? Unnecessary prescription of antibiotics, such as for viral infections (colds) or for prolonged prophylaxis Using broad-spectrum antibiotics (such as third generation cephalosporins, carbapenems) when narrow- spectrum antibiotics are effective Prescribing too low or too high a dose Continuing treatment for longer than necessary Not prescribing according to microbiology results Omitting or delaying administration of doses Prescribing intravenous therapy when oral therapy is known to be effective and clinically safe Not taking antibiotics as prescribed
Antibiotic usage in our hospital Insert local usage data if available
Antibiotics are a limited resource Few new antibiotics being developed Most classes developed pre 1970 Only 3 novel systemic classes in last 20 years Growing recognition globally that: –new antibiotics are urgently required –we need to conserve what we have
In short…we have a problem ! –Growing rates of resistance –Inappropriate use –Decreasing pipeline of new antibiotics 15. Turnidge J et al. MJA 2009: 191(7):
Addressing Antibiotic Resistance in Australia – “One Health” Involves cooperation between human health professionals, veterinarians, farmers, policy makers from health and agriculture and other related experts to develop strategies to contain antibiotic resistance National work has commenced to progress a “One Health” approach in Australia, through an Antimicrobial Resistance Prevention & Containment Strategy.
Addressing Antibiotic Resistance in our hospital Infection prevention and control –Hand hygiene –Standard and transmission based precautions –Environmental cleaning –Aseptic technique –Workforce immunisation Antimicrobial stewardshipAntimicrobial stewardship
Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) Aim is to optimise use of antibiotics taking into account: –Evidence of efficacy –Toxicity –Ecologic harm (effect on resistance) Requires team work at all levels: –Executive and clinical leadership –Prescribers, clinicians, pharmacists Essential elements: treatment guidelines, formulary with restrictions, selective susceptibility reporting of isolates, effective audit and feedback to prescribers
NSQHS Standards, Standard 3: Antimicrobial Stewardship Criterion Actions required: An AMS program is in place The clinical workforce prescribing antimicrobials have access to endorsed Therapeutic Guidelines on antibiotic usage Monitoring of antimicrobial usage and resistance is undertaken Action is taken to improve the effectiveness of AMS 16. ACSQHC National Safety & Quality Health Service Standards
Antimicrobial Stewardship in our Hospital Local processes for stewardship –Include local processes for seeking ID/micro consults and pharmacy advice, any other relevant information.
Our Hospital tools and activities to promote appropriate use of antibiotics AMS committee (or other committee e.g. infection control, drug & therapeutics committees) to coordinate activity Education –prescribing guidelines Policy –Formulary with restrictions and approval Access to expert prescribing advice –ID, Micro, Pharmacy Audits and feedback Who to contact?
Antibiotic Awareness Week 2013 Coordinated by The Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care National working group comprises members from: –NPS MedicineWise, Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, Department of Agriculture, State and Territory Health department representatives, Australian Veterinary Association Supported by: –Australasian College for Infection Prevention and Control –Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases –Australian Society for Antimicrobials –Society of Hospital Pharmacists of Australia
Seven Actions Antibiotic Awareness Week 1.Obtain cultures before starting therapy 2.Use Therapeutic Guidelines: Antibiotic 17 3.Document indication and review date 4.Review and reassess antibiotics at 48 hours 5.Consider IV to oral switch 6.Seek advice for complex cases 7.Educate patients about antibiotic use What else can you do to improve antibiotic use ? Visit Therapeutic Guidelines: Antibiotic. Version
Remember…. Antibiotics are a limited and precious resource Antibiotic resistance is a global problem - in our hospitals and in our communities – and an issue for prescribers and users of antibiotics Resistant infections are harder to treat and are associated with higher rates of mortality and morbidity Inappropriate use of antibiotics drives resistance There are few new antibiotics being made available Antibiotics must always be used responsibly If we don’t all take action today, there may be no cure tomorrow…
Antibiotic Awareness Week in our Hospital Local activities processes for stewardship –Include information about local activities. National Antimicrobial Prescribing Survey 2013 –Include information about local participation in the survey, and local contact details
Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care NO ACTION TODAY, NO CURE TOMORROW !* –*Adopted from WHO World Health Day, 2011 campaign to address AMR National Antimicrobial Prescribing Survey –Online prescribing survey conducted by the NHMRC/Melbourne Health AMS Research Group, supported by the Commission –Option for benchmarking analysis –Can be accessed via the Commission webpage
NPS MedicineWise Visit nps.org.au/antibiotics to access resources for health professionals and consumers. Become an antibiotic resistance fighter: take the health professional pledge. Paint your ward purple – wear a ‘Resistance Fighter’ t-shirt and spread the word. Join the conversation on or facebook.com/npsmedicine wise.
A global effort European Antibiotic Awareness Day Pages/Home.aspxttp://ecdc.europa.eu/en/eaad/ Pages/Home.aspx Canadian Antibiotic Awareness Week United States Get Smart About Antibiotics Week ampaign- materials/week/index.html ampaign- materials/week/index.html
Acknowledgements and References Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care –AMS Jurisdictional Network –Antibiotic Awareness Week working group members –AMS Advisory Committee Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance National Antimicrobial Utilisation Surveillance Program NHMRC/ Melbourne Health Antimicrobial Stewardship Research Group European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control World Health Organization (WHO), World Health Day Campaign This presentation is endorsed only when presented in it’s original version. The original version along with a complete list of references can be downloaded from the Commission web page:
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The Illustrated Characters for the eLearning You Build
Cartoon Cut Out People Specialized for Today's eLearning
Working on an eLearning program, explainer video, or presentation deck that needs some personality? Our illustrated characters looking forward to delivering just what you need!
With a quick download, you’re ready to employ these flexible friends to instantly boost on-screen pizazz and convey your learning stories. Of course, all of our illustrated collections reflect today’s workplace diversity and inclusion. That means you’ve got an array of male and female characters to choose from in a variety of ethnicities, outifts, styles, and poses, all doing what real, live humans do.
Scalable, Changeable, Posable
All eLearningArt illustrated characters are delivered in multiple poses to help you build dynamic slides, but some of them have a secret super power! Download the . svg version of the character and just like that, you’ve got a super-scalable, completely changeable, and perfectly-posable character ready to ungroup and rework to meet your exact needs. Update outfits to your corporate colors, move body parts in any direction, and change facial expressions, all with just a few clicks of the mouse!
No Special Program Required
Most of us aren’t illustrators, and don’t do our work in Illustrator. That’s just fine, because our illustrated characters — even the fully posable ones — deliver their magic in PowerPoint. Whether you’re building your program there or in Articulate Storyline or Adobe Captivate, you’re in for some super-quick wins with the .svg characters!
Go Ahead and Make a Scene
You’re here to learn about illustrated characters, but you also need to know how easy it will be to build an entire scene using eLearningArt Designer collection of illustrated backgrounds and objects. Employing the same .svg amazingness, these files can be 100% revised to deliver exactly the scene and objects you need! Everything appearing in a scene can be isolated and scaled, so you can direct your viewer’s attention right where you want it. Combine these wizardly backgrounds with our illustrated characters, and you’ve got a whole new world!
Jumpstart Poses, Too
We get it! Sometimes you don’t have time for custom work. For those times, we offer .png pre-posed files of each character in wide variety of poses. With these super-high resolution characters on transparent backgrounds, you can zoom way in to create striking on-slide visuals. Posing relies on the specialized eLearningArt posing system, so you can be sure that these quick-win characters will interact with one another and the rest of the eLearningArt library, too!
Popular Illustrated Character Collections
Need a wide — and growing! — set of super-flexible characters? The Design Cartoon collection is it. Change colors, poses, expressions, and more to match your program.
When it’s more serious illustrated characters you need, reach for the Design Realistics. In business casual, full PPE, scrubs, and lab coats, we have a diverse, lifelike character for every program.
Capture a modern look and feel with our Design Fluid characters! Colorful, poseable, friendly, these characters help you build eye-catching programs quickly and easily.
If your next program requires avatars, narrators, and story characters, you’ve come to the right place. Our cartoon people will be happy to help.
Here’s something neat: Characters for 3D environments. Quickly add extra dimension to your program with our isometric characters. Great for gamified learning!
Thinking comics, graphic novel, or some other design style? Check out our characters, stylized for just those themes!
When you need a real person, but not all the details, go for silhouette characters. Great for project prototyping and creative designs, too.
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The challenge of BBK Kuna Institutoa is to identify and prioritise the different strategic challenges for the years to come in Bizkaia, as well as define the best way to get started.
In order to do this, it has set up a “Council of Experts” consisting of a group of people who participate in their individual capacity and who represent the agents of the “quadruple helix”. People who have the expertise and interest in different fields of action and make up an open council.
In order to realise the identified and prioritised challenges, a Steering Committee has been set up -consisting of BBK and GLOBERANCE– from which different innovative initiatives have been and will be promoted to tackle the previously identified social challenges: Research-action projects -under the “Kuna-co Proiektuak” or “Projects zero” formulas-, congresses, sessions or workshops, are some of the initiatives through which the approaches have been implemented or will be implemented to tackle our future challenges.
After the first year of work, BBK Kuna Institutoa has submitted its first activity report.
Other BBK Kuna Institutoa projects:
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Eurobitume advocates the sustainability of bitumen at Asphaltica 2021
In the opening session, Eurobitume Director General Siobhan McKelvey gave a short introductory presentation about Eurobitume via a pre-recorded video.
This was followed by Maria Rita Valentinetti (Eni) and Giampaolo Fenati (Alma Petroli), representing Eurobitume, who delivered a more detailed presentation entitled ‘Bitumen – a highly sustainable product’. They explained why sustainability is important, the relevance for bitumen and how Eurobitume and the bitumen industry are responding.
In their conclusion, Maria Rita and Giampaolo reminded delegates about bitumen’s inherent durability and reusability properties, how these are important plus points in the circularity debate and why this all means that bitumen will continue to play an important role in sustainable construction and future mobility solutions.
For a quick, easy-to-read summary about bitumen and sustainability, please see Eurobitume’s ‘Bitumen and Sustainability’ fact sheet on the Eurobitume website.
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BEIJING - A senior Obama administration official said Thursday that the United States recognizes that Chen Guangcheng, the blind dissident lawyer, wants to leave China, an apparent reversal of Chen’s earlier stance that injected new uncertainty into a tense diplomatic situation.
The crisis had briefly appeared resolved ahead of high-level economic talks here when Chen earlier embraced a plan to remain in China.
As the State Department tried to reassess options for Chen, US diplomats were barred from seeing Chen at the hospital in central Beijing where he is receiving treatment for an injured foot.
Chen told reporters in a series of telephone interviews since being admitted to the hospital Wednesday afternoon that he and his family feel insecure in the hands of Chinese authorities and would like to go to the United States.
“It is clear now in the last 12 to 15 hours they as a family have had a change of heart about whether they want to stay in China,’’ said the State Department spokeswoman, Victoria Nuland.
Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton and Treasury Secretary Timothy F. Geithner are attending a two-day conference here on economic and strategic issues. The two Cabinet members spoke at the conference Thursday, along with the Chinese president, Hu Jintao.
In her speech, Clinton urged China to protect human rights, saying “all governments have to answer our citizens’ aspirations for dignity and the rule of law.’’
Meanwhile, the administration’s handling of the Chen case drew a harsh attack from Mitt Romney, the presumptive Republican candidate for president. Campaigning in Virginia, Romney accused the Obama administration of rushing to complete the deal before Clinton arrived for the high-level meetings and failing “to put in place the kind of verifiable measures that would assure the safety of Mr. Chen and his family.’’
Chen’s reversal from wanting to stay in China after his escape nearly two weeks ago from harsh house arrest in eastern China and his six-day stay at the US embassy left the administration struggling to come up with a new solution that would satisfy Chen, and be amenable to the Chinese.
A key question facing the Obama administration will be China’s reaction if Chen insists on leaving China.
If Chen requested asylum in the United States, he would have to get a passport and apply for a visa. Another possibility would be for Chen to go to another country.
For his part, Chen suggested leaving China with Clinton.
“My fervent hope is that it would be possible for me and my family to leave for the US on Hillary Clinton’s plane,’’ he said in an interview with The Daily Beast.
The Chinese government, which issued a harsh statement Wednesday criticizing the United States for its handling of Chen, skirted the issue Thursday. A Foreign Ministry spokesman, Liu Weimin, said at a regular briefing at the ministry that Chen was a free person and, as far as he knew, was living in his town in Shandong province.
The circumstances of Chen’s departure from the US embassy on Wednesday were also still in dispute.
The US ambassador, Gary Locke, reiterated Thursday that Chen had not been coerced into leaving the embassy and insisted that the dissident lawyer had left of his free will after a plan had been worked out with the Chinese government that he and his family could relocate to a city close to Beijing where he would pursue his law studies.
On Wednesday evening, US officials said they would do all they could to see Chen. By not being able to talk to Chen in person, the administration was unable to determine a precise path forward for him, a senior official said.
Whether the Chinese government was actively preventing US officials from visiting Chen in the hospital, even during visiting hours, was not immediately clear. But the longer the US officials were cut off from personal contact with Chen the more difficult it could become for the United States to reach a solution that satisfied the Chinese authorities.
US officials spoke to Chen, 40, by telephone Thursday and met with his wife, Yuan Weijing, at a location near the hospital, the official said.
As if to reinforce Chen’s fears, Chinese authorities Thursday stepped up their already onerous security restrictions on a number of friends and supporters who had encouraged or helped carry out his flight from Shandong.
After a harrowing 300-mile journey from his hometown to Beijing, six days sequestered in the US embassy, and a sudden release into a large Chinese public hospital where he did not have the protection of the US officials he seemed to expect, Chen was probably traumatized, his steely demeanor in tough times finally punctured.
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| 0.979118
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| 1.546875
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By Ben Levisohn
On a day that central banks in Indonesia and Malaysia held rates steady–and a day after Brazil did the same–Capital Economics fires off its latest report asking if investors should worry about the independence of emerging market central banks.
It’s a compelling question. Part of the transformation from global-basket cases in the 1990s to paragons of virtue has occurred because EM central bankers have worked hard to establish their credibility as inflation fighters. From Brazil to Russia–whose central bank has been instrumental in trying to convince investors to consider Putin’s plaything a safe(er) place to invest–its the monetary minions that who have stood above the fray and guided their countries toward a more sensible monetary policy, and prevented a repeat of past crises. They’ve also helped boost the case for emerging markets as safe places to invest.
Investors are now worried about whether those gains will be given back. In Indonesia, for instance, the president has appointed his finance minister as that country’s next central-bank head, while Hungary has appointed Gyorgy Matolcsy, its former economic minster. Politicians in Turkey, Thailand, Poland and Russia, meanwhile, have called for lower interest rates to boost growth.
Yet Capital Economics downplays the risks from these moves. For starters, finance ministers have been appointed central-bank heads before, with little damage done. Capital Economic’s William Jackson writes:
…Agustin Carstens, who moved from Mexico’s Ministry of Finance to the central bank in 2010, is widely respected in the markets. If anything, his appointment was seen as a blow for fiscal policy. The same appears to hold true for the nomination of Mr. Martowardojo in Indonesia.
And politicians publicly calling for lower rates? That may be a sign of how little sway they actually hold over central bankers these days. Jackson writes:
…one way of interpreting politicians’ demands for looser policy is that they are voicing their grievances in public because they have little direct influence over monetary policy decisions. This would actually be testament to the independence of EM central banks. As further evidence of this, the financial markets don’t appear to be too fazed by politicians’ calls for rate cuts. Such demands have tended to have little impact on the markets’ inflation expectations, proxied by the breakeven inflation rate derived from inflation-linked bonds.
Jackson’s one worry: Hungary. He writes: …
The controversial appointment of Gyorgy Matolcsy, a government loyalist and previous Economy Minister, at the helm of Hungary’s National Bank last Friday has raised the prospect that monetary policy will be eased further to support the government’s growth agenda with scant regard for the Bank’s inflation targeting mandate. This, in turn, would undermine the Bank’s independence and credibility.
The lack of concern is also showing itself in some equity markets. The iShares MSCI Indonesia Investable Market Index (EIDO) exchange-traded fund, for instance, has gained 13.6% this year, while the iShares MSCI Thailand Capped Investable Market Index ETF (THD) has gained 10.6%. The iShares MSCI Turkey Investable Market Index ETF (TUR) has returned 2.8%.
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New guidance has been issued today for people considering attending sporting, community or cultural events.
It's strongly recommended that islanders who have underlying health conditions and older adults aged 50 and over should stay at home as much as possible. They are also advised to avoid travelling on cruises and airplanes, and to stay away from gatherings of people. Anyone with a fever or respiratory symptoms should not attend any events.
Underlying health conditions are those such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, heart disease, or chronic lung diseases like COPD, as well as those with severely weakened immune systems.
Public Health is also recommending that we:
• Maintain social distancing so you aren’t in close contact with others as much as possible.
• Avoid touching eyes, nose, and mouth.
• Cover any cough or sneeze with a tissue - if available - or into your elbow.
An event is classified as an organised meeting that brings together large numbers of people in a single room or single space at the same time, such as an auditorium, stadium, arena, large conference room, meeting hall, cafeteria, theatre, or any other confined indoor or confined outdoor space.
An event does not include normal operations at airports, ports or other spaces where large numbers of people will be in transit.
It also does not include typical office environments, schools, retail or food shops where large numbers of people are present, but where it is unusual for them to be within arm’s length of one another for an extended period of time.
Further details are available on the States of Guernsey website, gov.gg/coronavirus.
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Student or Learner
"In many ways, these 21st-century malls are nothing new. In fact, they follow a long tradition of commercial expansion
that began with the development of the first long-distance trade networks and markets.
These markets were temporary at first, but became
more permanent with rise of cities in Middle East about five thousands years ago. They grew alongside the rivers, harbors, and overland caravan routes that connected the swelling towns of the agricultural era."
what does the swelling mean?! and what does whole bold text mean?!
Is the 3rd definition correct?!
I am not a teacher.
'Overland caravan routes' were the routes followed by groups of traders with their camels crossing desert lands from point A to point B.
'…that connected the swelling towns of the agricultural era.' These towns (see below), that existed during this agricultural period represent the points connected by the caravans.
The third definition is correct. It means 'the towns that were growing in size'.
There are a few mistakes in the third sentence. '…more permanent with the rise of cities in the Middle East about five thousand
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Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Expert Systems with Applications
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/eswa
An intelligent traffic management expert system with RFID technology
Department of Information Management, LungHwa University of Science and Technology, Taiwan, ROC
a r t i c l e
i n f o
a b s t ra c t
This paper presents an intelligent traffic management expert system with RFID technology. The system provides both practically important traffic data collection and control information and can trace criminal or illegal vehicles such as stolen cars or vehicles that evade tickets, tolls or vehicle taxes. The system architecture consists of an RFID reader, a passive tag, a personal computer, apair of infrared sensors, and a high-speed server with a database system. Based on RFID technology, the system collects and calculates average speed and average flow information on each road of a district area in a city. It then transmits the messages from all the congested roads in a district area to the server in the district center via a communication program. Through a flooding algorithm, eachserver in a district center exchanges and updates information with all neighbor servers in other district centers so all that the servers in various district centers can get all the latest congestion messages in a city. Therefore, a dynamic navigation system can find the shortest path that avoids congested roads. Meanwhile, we compare three types of tags for choosing a better solution for e-plates inthe future. We also adopt infrared sensors for detecting cars that do not have a tag. Ó 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Radio frequency identification Passive tags Intelligent traffic management Shortest path
1. Introduction Traffic management poses many critical challenges in most modern cities, including congestion, traffic violations, car theft, and illegal vehicles. Duringthe past few years, researchers have used GPS, radar sensors, or digital cameras to measure average car speed and maximum flow on a road in order to determine whether a driver is over the speed limit or to provide traffic information to remind drivers to avoid congestion. However, these systems do not systematically collect information to be used in a dynamic traffic guidance system to solve trafficcongestion. Additionally, these approaches cannot identify a car’s basic data, and therefore cannot solve the aforementioned problems. In 2003, Wal-Mart first instructed one of its suppliers to start using radio frequency identification (RFID) for managing its supplies (RFID Journal, 2003). Next, the US Department of Defense (DoD) announced a similar RFID mandate for its suppliers in 2004 (Wyld,2006). With the backing of retail and military giants, RFID is a growing market that is becoming widely important. The widespread use of RFID can automatically track pallets, cases, individual products, and reusable assets such as bins and containers throughout the supply chain. Chao, Yang, and Jen (2007) reviewed the history of RFID in supply chain management, the supermarket
E-mail address:firstname.lastname@example.org 0957-4174/$ - see front matter Ó 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2009.09.030
checkout process, and private issues. They wrote that RFID global sales are expected to reach US$70 billion by 2008. Tajima (2007) developed a theory of how RFID can be used in supply chain management to sustain a competitive advantage. Under the theory, he developed fourpropositions. Through them we can see that RFID technology has strategic competitive value. He mentioned 15 benefits that have been realized and divided them into two parts, throughout the supply chain (specifically, reduced shrinkage, reduced material handling, increased data accuracy, faster exception management, and improved information sharing) and major supply chain participants (specifically,...
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| 0.880272
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|≈||approximately equal to|
|digits||indicates that digits repeat infinitely (e.g. 8.294 369 corresponds to 8.294 369 369 369 369 …)|
The barleycorn is a small English unit of length equal to 1⁄3 of an inch (i.e., close to 0.8467 cm) still used in Great Britain and Ireland as a determiner of shoe sizes.
The light-year is a unit of length used to express astronomical distances. It is about 9.5 quadrillion metres or 5.9 trillion miles. As defined by the International Astronomical Union (IAU), a light-year is the distance that light travels in vacuum in one Julian year (365.25 days). Because it includes the word "year", the term light-year is sometimes misinterpreted as a unit of time.
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| 200
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Savannah, Georgia, is a town proudly steeped in Southern history and traditions that it preserves with great care and shares graciously with the rest of the world. The epitome of Southern hospitality, Savannah provides a rich experience for the traveler who wants to be immersed in its folklore, history, cuisine and amusements.
Graveyards and Haunted Mansions
One of Savannah's claims to fame are the graveyards and haunted mansions located throughout the cityscape, and the legends that have grown up around them. One of the most-visited sites on haunted tours is the Bonaventure Cemetery. Showcased in the movie "Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil," the graveyard has ghost children, ghost dogs and a statue that is said to shed real tears. The Olde Pink House on Reynold's Square, built in the late 1700s, purports to be haunted by its first owner, James Habersham, but only from October to March -- especially on Sunday afternoons. There are reports of other entities as well, including mischievous children.
Historic District and Factors Walk
When cotton was king, Savannah was an important port city in the crop's brokerage. The bales of cotton that were grown inland were transported to Savannah to the cotton warehouses to be handled by the factors on the waterfront. The cotton industry died down over time, and the waterfront fell into disrepair and was eventually revitalized. Today it is a prestigious location. The area along the Savannah River most closely associated with the cotton brokers is known as Factors Walk. Tourists flock to the Savannah waterfront for fine dining and upscale shopping. The much-loved statue of the Waving Girl stands overlooking the Port of Savannah.
In 1943, Mrs. Wilkes opened a dining room in a Savannah boarding house, serving home-style dishes that were hearty yet simple. Her clientele grew quickly. The dining room became so well-known that there was no sign outside the restaurant until 1987. Diners are seated boarding-house style at tables of 10. Bowls and platters of food are placed in the center of the tables and passed around. Substantial, comfort-food dinners include fried chicken, meatloaf and Southern-style vegetables such as collard greens, black-eyed peas, butterbeans and potato salad. Paula Deen, of FoodNetwork fame, began her career selling lunches to merchants in downtown Savannah. From that business grew a restaurant called Lady and Sons. Lines form around the block for a taste of the sometimes-upscale but still typical Southern cooking for which she is famous.
Tourists will be transported to days of old by Savannah River Boat Cruises when they drift along the Savannah River on an authentic paddleboat. Lunch cruises, dinner cruises and themed cruises such as murder mysteries and gospel singing events provide entertainment and fine dining. Enjoy your morning, afternoon or evening aboard the Savannah River Queen or the Georgia Queen. Visitors who want to combine a tour of the waterfront, Fort Pulaski and Fort Jackson with a dolphin-sighting cruise can climb aboard the Dolphin Magic and head out to sea. Dolphin sightings are guaranteed from this 48-person boat because they typically swim along with the boat.
Savannah turns on the elegance with luxury hotels, many of which are along its famous waterfront. Visitors come for a once-in-a-lifetime experience to establishments such as the Bohemian Hotel, which provides impeccable service in maritime-themed accommodations. The hotel displays original art throughout the property. Dine in Rocks on the River for an American menu with Southern touches, and relax around the fire pit in the rooftop lounge. For a bit of inland hedonism, stay in the Mansion on Forsyth Park, with its extensive artwork that graces the walls and guestrooms. Relax in the Poseidon Spa for a day of pampering or take cooking lessons in the 700 Kitchen Cooking School. Dine in the 700 Drayton Restaurant for a gourmet menu that leans heavily on the local seafood.
In 2007 Nannie Kate discovered that the words she had been writing all her life had an actual cash value. She's been writing professionally through brokers ever since. With an English major background she creates articles and ebooks on a wide variety of subjects.
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| 2
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|Cloud computing offers CFOs new opportunities to help the enterprise grow, but presents new challenges around governance, risk, and compliance.|
Cloud computing is mature enough to be generating billions of dollars of revenue for Automatic Data Processing (ADP), Amazon.com, salesforce.com, and other well-known companies, yet young enough to be misunderstood by many in the C-suite, including chief financial officers (CFOs).
The grace period is just about over.
Figure 1: The extensible enterprise is the combination of versatile processes and ecosystem integration that create a network of business platforms.
Click for full-size
Initially viewed simply as a way to create more agile, efficient IT organizations, cloud computing is fast becoming the means for a new type of growth based on an opportunity that PwC calls the extensible enterprise. (See the article, “The cloud you don’t know: An engine for new business growth,” on page 04.) Not just agile but also versatile, the extensible enterprise sits at the core of a deeply interconnected ecosystem in which customers, vendors, and business partners drive mutual growth via a network of business platforms, as shown in Figure 1.
In this way, cloud computing could become the most transformative technological innovation since the Internet. Business leaders who fail to leverage this potential may risk forfeiting a competitive advantage to those who do.
This article examines the CFO’s role in creating the extensible enterprise and delves into the risks and bottom-line challenges he or she must manage. These challenges include the need for a faster and more expansive model-to-market mentality to match the speed and agility of the extensible enterprise. An array of governance, risk, and compliance (GRC) challenges also are associated with cloud-related operations and the security of corporate data. (See the sidebar “Cloud-computing-related challenges for the CFO.”)
A fundamental idea that CFOs—indeed, all C-suite members—must thoroughly grasp is how an extensible enterprise (by definition) requires exposing formerly internal capabilities to others in the company’s ecosystem and taking advantage of the services offered by others. Because this idea impinges heavily on many decisions CFOs will need to make, the next section examines it in more detail before looking at how CFOs can play offense and defense in an extensible enterprise.
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It is always better to plan things, especially when it comes to your career and the right time for you to do that is during your college years. The goals of every student is to bag a job by the end of the college and, one way to make this happen is by campus placement. Now, sitting in a campus placement and preparing for the campus placement is two different things. So, you need to start preparing for your job search as soon as you can.
In order to ace your job search experience, you need to start preparing for it in the last year of your college. Hence, here is how you can begin your job search in your college years.
Work Hard For Your College Exams
The first thing you should do to start preparing for your job search is getting decent marks in your college exam. Any backlog can severely harm your chances for bagging the job you want. In contrast, a good score in the final year can boost your chances.
Hence, it better to start preparing for your final exams as early as possible because both the campus placement or other placement drives and final exams happen within a gap of a few weeks. Therefore, if you have already prepared for your exams, you can divert all your attention towards the placement drives and job-related exams.
Area Of Interest
Now that your final exams are out of the way. The next step is to plan your career. You should use this time in deciding the area of your interest where you want to build your career.
Research online about the different jobs you can do and whether they interest you or not. Moreover, you must set both short and long term goals that you want to achieve. Having goals will help you plan and prioritize things.
Hone And Develop Your Skills
Your academic shows the recruiter what kind of student you are, but it’s your skills that make you get the job. Having decided on the domain where you want to work, the next thing is to hone and develop your skills as per the requirement. No matter whether you are looking for tech or non-tech jobs, you need to gain both hard and soft skills. You can ask your seniors about the right kind of skills that might help you in getting the job. In addition to that, find out skills that are in demand.
One way to get these skills on your resume is through certifications. Having relevant certificates on your job resume will not only make your resume more attractive, but it will also show the recruiter that you are the right candidate for the job.
Start Working On Your References
References are necessary whether you are applying for a job or going for further studies. Hence, you should get them as soon as you can. The ideal time will be when you are in college because it will be easier for the teacher to recall you and your achievements. In addition to that, you can also get it tailored as per the requirement, which might not be possible when you are out of college.
Also, it is better if you get more the two references from different teachers. So, that you can apply to multiple job vacancies at the same time.
Craft An Impeccable Resume
After all this, you should start working on your job resume. Make sure you craft an impeccable job resume. Whatever you put on your resume, make sure it is relevant to the job you are applying.
Moreover, try to add a personalized cover letter with your resume to show the recruiter that you are serious about the job. A cover letter will also give you an edge over other resumes without a cover letter.
Go through both your resume and cover letter to make sure there isn’t any grammatical error in it. Most importantly, make your resume compelling and eye-catching. You can take help of Resume Buddy which has more than 25 resume templates for you to choose from.
Practice For The Interview
This is the moment you were preparing for. The only thing between you and your dream job. Therefore, you need to prepare yourself for the interview. The most important thing that you can do is draft answers to some standard interview questions and practice them with your family and friends.
Moreover, you need to present yourself as confident, even if you are nervous inside. Answer all the questions politely and with a smile. Take your time if the interviewer asked you any tricky question, don’t answer instantly. And, keep your manners and etiquettes in check.
Preparing for something in advance can come handy. Hence, you must start your job search as early as possible. Job search is the time where you will taste both success and failure. It is a period of learning life lessons. Hence, rather than punishing yourself because of your failures, it is better to learn from your mistakes and move on.
Hence, these were some of the things that will help you in kick-starting your preparation and will also help you plan things out in advance.
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A new site has launched offering guidance and reports on how to combat yeast infection. Called Freedom Yeast Infection, it gathers together feature news articles, remedies and magazine pieces on the best way to get rid of yeast infections and presents them in an easy to read way, so visitors to the site can find what they’re looking for with ease.
More information can be found on the Freedom Yeast Infection website at: http://www.FreedomYeastInfection.com
The site offers a wide range of guidance on how to find yeast infection solutions, candida and candidiasis. Visitors to the site will find articles focusing on the common symptoms, how to spot them, and how to fight them, as well as solutions of yeast infections.
Features are broken down into three main categories, with yeast infection articles, videos and images to browse through, all with the aim of helping people to discover simple treatment for yeast infections.
Popular reports and articles are posted on the site homepage, including herbal remedies for yeast infections, and one particular article that emphasises the importance of cranberry extract for treatment of vaginal yeast infection.
It goes on to say that most women who suffer from genital yeast infection know how uncomfortable it can be and how bothersome it is. The suffering is caused by numerous factors, including food, clothes, lifestyle and medication. Yet natural remedies can be found, and cranberries are one of them. The site says that cranberry extract has long been known to fortify the urinary tract, rendering it a perfect treatment for candida.
Other categories for articles include yeast infection home treatments, which encompass reports on the best way to eliminate yeast infection without hassle and leading home cures for yeast infections. The site explains that probiotics are one of the most favored natural remedies for candidiasis, which are generally live friendly bacteria that will reside in the body and curb the growth of yeast.
Further home remedies are also covered in full, and readers can discover a range of options to try. Interested parties wanting to find out more information can get in touch with the site using the contact form provided.
Release ID: 126428
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