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- Database of Resources
- Important Themes
- Guides for Lecturers
- Events and Workshops
- Forthcoming Events
- Previous Events
- Teaching Development Projects
- Materials Awareness Projects
Date: Wednesday 16th November 2011
Location: Sheffield Hallam University
Following on from the success of the ‘Changing Materials Courses’ Workshop at Sheffield Hallam in March 2010, the UKCME/IOM3 have arranged a workshop entitled ‘Enhancing the Value of UK Materials Teaching’.
In the light of increasing fees and the growing use of key information sets (KIS), speakers will share their own Departmental or Institutional strategies on how to respond to KIS. Delegates will also have the opportunities to share their own institutional strategies to improve the student learning experience.
The afternoon session focuses on employability, with guest speakers from industry and academia updating delegates on their expectations of graduates in Materials. Delegates will also discuss how best to market the discipline of Materials Science and Engineering in light of recently announced student fee increases across the sector.
Outline Programme of Events
|10.00||Arrival and Coffee|
|10.30||Welcome Address: 'Changes to Teaching in HE: Challenges and Value?’
Professor Alistair Sambell, Pro-Vice Chancellor, Sheffield Hallam University
SESSION 1: The Student Experience in Materials
|10.45||What is the student experience in Materials?
• National Student Survey results for Materials programmes
• Update to the UKCME’s National Subject Profile for Materials
• Key Information Sets (KIS) indicators required from 2012/13
|11.00||Responding to KIS – Examples from the Materials community|
|11.30||Effective Strategies – How to improve the student learning experience, with examples from the Materials community
• Experiences at the universities of Sheffield Hallam, Liverpool, Sheffield
• How can the Materials discipline provide a positive student experience?
SESSION 2: Enhancing Student Employability in Materials
Graduate employability in Materials
Employability of Materials Graduates
|15.15||Marketing the Discipline – How to justify student fees?|
|15.45||Summary of Key Points|
Attendance is free. To register for this event please fill in the form below.
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Keratoconus patients typically experience wide-ranging visual fluctuations and disease progression from onset, typically at puberty, until the fourth decade of life, during which the condition becomes relatively stabilized. Though symptoms of visual aberrations are unwelcome at any point during one’s lifetime, the manifestations during these formative years are especially inopportune.
While refractive correction with gas permeable contact lenses is often the standard of care in keratoconus, management during the condition’s progressive years necessitates frequent contact lens adjustments, resulting in a significant reduction in quality of life and a substantial long-term economic burden for affected patients.1 According to conventional evidence, up to 20% of cases may go on to require penetrating keratoplasty.2 To date, despite steady advancements in contact lens technologies, keratoconus still remains the most common cause for such surgical intervention.
|Fig. 1. Peter Hersh, MD, of the Cornea and Laser Eye Institute performing the conventional (i.e., Dresden) corneal crosslinking procedure. |
What if these patients could have their vision stabilized years or even decades earlier? Such is the game-changing potential that corneal crosslinking (CXL) represents. Despite having only recently obtained FDA clearance in April 2016, CXL with ultraviolet-A (UVA) and riboflavin photosensitizer has already been implemented around the world as a first-line treatment for keratoconus since the late 1990s (Figure 1).3–6 Its ability to stiffen corneal tissue makes CXL the first treatment to stabilize underlying stromal weakness and halt or slow corresponding progression of ectasia. Additionally, a global Delphi panel comprised of representatives from each of the four supranational corneal societies—the Asia Cornea Society, the Cornea Society, EuCornea and PanCornea—recently published a consensus report that recognized the importance of incorporating CXL as part of the new standard of care in managing keratoconus and ectatic diseases.7
Corneal Biomechanics Influence Shape
The ideal outcome for a patient with keratoconus is to arrest the condition’s continual progression before visual function is compromised. Hence, the potential benefits of early intervention with corneal crosslinking have sparked resurgent clinical interest in exploring diagnostic instrumentation that could more easily allow for early disease detection.
Recent investigative work in the field of corneal biomechanics may hold the potential for earlier identification of patients who could benefit from CXL, and could also aid in the analysis of CXL outcomes to further improve treatment parameters. These research findings have also provided insights into the implications of redistributing biomechanical stress in the cornea, with the intention of not only stabilizing the disease but also normalizing corneal shape.10-13
| Fig. 2. Slit lamp photograph illustrating riboflavin in the corneal stroma following the loading phase.|
| Fig. 3. The laser crosshairs of the KXL crosslinking system (Avedro) positioned to align the optical head of the system with the patient’s eye.|| |
The stiffness of the human cornea relies upon the lamellar organization of the stromal collagen fibers, which are regulated by an interconnecting network of proteoglycans.8 While there are still unanswered questions about the precise combination of molecular, genetic and environmental factors that contribute to the pathogenesis of keratoconus, it is believed that the interaction of these factors leads to the loss or slippage of collagen fibrils and changes to the extracellular matrix in the corneal stroma.9
Studies using x-ray scattering techniques reveal a disorganization of the collagen lamellae in the region of the cone, with a more normal organization of collagen in the surrounding regions.10 While studies from the 1970s and 1980s revealed bulk abnormalities in mechanical strength of keratoconic corneas relative to normal eyes, more recent work based on biomechanical modeling and Brillouin optical microscopy further demonstrates that these abnormalities may be attributed to focal weakening over the region of the cone, rather than across the entire cornea.11-13
The focalized reduction in elastic modulus within the affected corneal region deforms to a greater extent than the surrounding tissue when subjected to the strain of the normal intraocular pressure, manifesting in the conical protrusion. A proposed biomechanical cycle of decompensation suggests that the initial pathological changes triggered by genetic predisposition and environmental factors result in this focal weakening of the cornea. The initial asymmetry in elastic modulus is thought to initiate a cycle of stress redistribution in which the focal thinning results in increased biomechanical stress, leading to deformation and a further increase in stress, driving disease progression.11 If such theories are borne out by future research, a comprehensive assessment of corneal stress distribution would be essential to understanding the biomechanical factors at play in the progression of the ectasia and the efficacy of treatment options.
Currently, two commercially available devices measure corneal biomechanical properties by analyzing corneal behavior in response to a pulse of air. The Ocular Response Analyzer (Reichert) measures the difference in tissue response between in- and outgoing applanation pressures to provide a measurement of energy loss due to viscous damping. This clinical parameter is represented as corneal hysteresis (CH). Another device, the CorvisST (Oculus), uses a high-speed Scheimpflug camera to evaluate the deformation of the cornea in response to these pressures.14
Though both of these systems provide information about the overall biomechanical properties of the cornea, neither is able to map the regional differences in these properties. As such, the sensitivity of the devices may be insufficient to diagnose early or forme fruste keratoconus, due to the overlap in the range of values for normal and weakened corneas. Additionally, the absence of spatial information limits the applications of these systems in determining focal weakening of the cornea or measuring regional effects of corneal crosslinking within a treated cornea.14
|Fig. 4. A case example of topographic flattening after corneal crosslinking. Preoperative axial topography is shown at left, three-month postoperative topography at center, and a difference map revealing the change between the two time points is shown at right.|
|Fig. 5. Customized, dual-arc UVA treatment pattern applied to the central cornea of a patient with intracorneal ring segments, using the KXL II system. |
Several techniques are in development to address the potential benefit of spatial measurement of corneal tissue properties, including supersonic shear imaging, Brillouin optical microscopy and optical coherence elastography. All hold promise to aid in the development of patient-specific corneal crosslinking procedures through improved understanding of regional differences in corneal stiffness.
Crosslinking Parameters Impact Clinical Outcome
When crosslinking was first introduced, a single treatment approach was applied in all cases. Termed “the Dresden protocol,” this conventional technique is performed following removal of the central 7mm to 9mm of epithelium. The stroma is saturated with riboflavin for 30 minutes, then irradiated with 365μm UVA at 3mW/cm2 for another 30 minutes for a total UVA dose of 5.4J/cm2 (Figure 2). Additional riboflavin drops are instilled at five-minute intervals during the irradiation phase.15 Several randomized, controlled trials have demonstrated statistically significant improvement in maximum keratometry (Kmax) or cone apex power in CXL-treated eyes compared with the untreated controls.16,17 Progression of Kmax of 2D or more has been observed in 0% to 4.3% of CXL-treated eyes.16-18 A long-term study of patients treated with the conventional protocol reveals persistence of the treatment effect through a 10-year follow-up period.19
Though further investigation is still necessary, significant advancements have been made in the last decade in regards to understanding the photochemical mechanisms that result in the formation of new crosslinks in the cornea. Under the right conditions, the interaction of UVA and riboflavin sets off a complex chain of photochemical reactions, resulting in the formation of covalent bonds within the intracellular matrix of the collagen lamellae, which effectively stiffens the cornea in the treated zone.5 This increase in stiffness may break the cycle of biomechanical weakening that results in ectasia, further limiting progression of the disease.11
With an improved understanding of corneal biomechanical behavior and the mechanisms of CXL comes a wave of new clinical efforts aimed at optimizing the procedure’s treatment parameters. Namely, this ongoing research will focus on deriving new CXL delivery protocols to decrease treatment time, increase both intra- and postoperative comfort, and improve efficacy, which could result in more meaningful corneal reshaping in addition to disease stabilization.
One such modification is the introduction of transepithelial crosslinking, which is intended to improve patient comfort and minimize infection risk.20 While standard formulations containing 0.1% riboflavin and 20% dextran show minimal penetration through an intact epithelium, new riboflavin formulations with added corneal-enhancing compounds like BAC and/or EDTA, can improve riboflavin diffusion despite epithelial presence.21-23 Attempts to disrupt the epithelial tight junctions without debriding the epithelium have also been carried out using disruptive devices, surgical sponges or iontophoretic delivery through the use of a mild electrical current.24-26
Another procedural modification is the use of accelerated CXL, which uses higher irradiance UVA (7mW/cm2 to 45mW/cm2) to shorten the amount of time necessary to deliver the equivalent total energy dose (Figure 3). Clinical studies evaluating the efficacy of accelerated CXL demonstrate stability or flattening of Kmax comparable to results achieved with the Dresden protocol.27,28 However, some investigators have examined the stromal demarcation lines following accelerated CXL—interpreted as an indirect indicator of the relative CXL treatment depth, commonly observed in the first one to three months post-op—and reported a trend towards shallower depth of the line following accelerated vs. conventional techniques.27,29-32
This difference in the demarcation line depth may be modulated by oxygen bioavailability within the stroma. Oxygen levels in the cornea are depleted by the photochemical reactions of CXL, with rapid oxygen replenishment once the UVA source is removed.33
One method to increase oxygen concentration in the cornea during accelerated CXL is to program the UVA emission to turn on and off at repeated time intervals to allow for diffusion of oxygen into the stroma during pauses in UV exposure.34 Hence, pulsed irradiation may have the potential to increase the corneal stiffening effect obtained with the same UVA dose, and may potentially lead to a reduction in procedure time by increasing the treatment efficiency of high irradiance CXL. Preliminary results with pulsed irradiation are promising, indicating safety equivalent to the continuous UV exposure protocols, albeit with greater demarcation line depth.35,36 However, longer follow-up is necessary to determine whether demarcation line depth significantly impacts clinical outcomes.
Interestingly, this correlation between the depth of the demarcation line and the different CXL protocols applied suggests a possible opportunity to customize CXL treatment parameters to target a specific depth—for example, to accomplish a shallower CXL effect in cases of thinner corneas by varying irradiance, total dose or pulse interval.37
Customized Crosslinking to Reshape the Cornea
Though corneal flattening and visual improvement have been reported, the primary goal of conventional CXL protocols is in fact to stabilize the cornea against progression and prevent further visual loss (Figure 4). Conventional CXL achieves this effect by uniformly stiffening the central 9mm of the anterior stroma. With the new understanding of the distribution of biomechanical forces within the keratoconic cornea comes the potential to customize crosslinking treatment plans based on an individual patient’s characteristics and corneal topography to achieve not just stabilization but also improvement in corneal shape.
In addition to varying the depth of crosslinking by modifying parameters like UVA irradiance, total energy dose and/or pulse interval, the lateral distribution of crosslink formation in the cornea may be better controlled through the use of customized UVA illumination patterns that would allow surgeons to focally stiffen the weakest region of the cornea rather than the conventional approach of uniformly stiffening the entire central cornea.12 Three-dimensional modeling of this concept suggests a potential for greater normalization of the cornea (inferior flattening and superior steepening), presenting the opportunity to combine visual rehabilitation and biomechanical stabilization into a single procedure. Photorefractive intrastromal corneal crosslinking (PiXL) is the clinical product of this theoretical approach.
PiXL uses a topographically customized UVA pattern to induce a variable distribution of crosslinking in the stroma (Figure 5). The CXL treatment depth (Z-axis) is controlled by the UVA energy parameters, while the lateral aspect (X-axis and Y-axis) is controlled by the specific UVA pattern applied using a crosslinking system containing a digital micromirror device (a semiconductor comprised of adjustable microscopic mirrors that can create a desired beam profile).38 The first clinical case report of PiXL application in a keratoconus patient used the KXL II System (Avedro) and demonstrated improvement in uncorrected visual acuity from 20/40 to 20/25 and reduction in corneal astigmatism of 0.8D at six months post-op.39
Though PiXL is not yet available in the United States, a number of ongoing studies in Europe are evaluating its potential. Several groups presented preliminary results at the 11th International Congress of Corneal Cross-linking in December 2015. Mazzotta used confocal microscopy to demonstrate the spatial distribution of the crosslinking treatment effect in response to various treatment protocols, while Cassange and Behndig presented the preliminary results of two prospective evaluations of PiXL compared to conventional CXL that demonstrated statistically significant improvement in keratometric parameters and visual acuity with PiXL.40-42 Further evaluations and longer follow-up will be needed to determine the optimum parameters for customized corneal crosslinking using the PiXL technique, however.
CXL has revolutionized keratoconus management by targeting underlying corneal instability and successfully stopping or slowing down disease progression. This innovation has energized research efforts to better understand the mechanisms driving keratoconus progression and to develop new diagnostic instrumentations to allow for earlier diagnosis. In addition, the next generation of CXL protocols is expected to attempt to further normalize the irregular contour of treated corneas and potentially improve patients’ visual function.
The author thanks Grace Lytle, OD, for her contributions to this article. Dr. Lytle is employed by Avedro, the manufacturer of the KXL crosslinking system.
Dr. Chang is the director of clinical services at TLC Laser Eye Centers. He has been a subinvestigator in numerous clinical studies and has published extensively on keratoconus treatment. He is also an advisory board member of the International Keratoconus Academy for Eye Care Professionals (IKA), the Gas Permeable lens Institute (GPLI), and the Optometric Cornea, Cataract and Refractive Society (OCCRS).
1. Rebenitsch RL, Kymes SM, Walline JJ, Gordon MO. The lifetime economic burden of keratoconus: a decision analysis using a markov model. Am J Ophthalmol. 2011;151(5):768-773.e2.
2. Rabinowitz YS. Keratoconus. Surv Ophthalmol. 1998;42(4):297-319.
3. Chan E, Snibson GR. Current status of corneal collagen cross-linking for keratoconus: a review. Clin Exp Optom. 2013;17(Figure 2):1-10.
4. Ashwin PT, McDonnell PJ. Collagen cross-linkage: a comprehensive review and directions for future research. Br J Ophthalmol. 2009.
5. Meek KM, Hayes S. Corneal cross-linking - a review. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2013;33(2):78-93.
6. Raiskup F, Spoerl E. Corneal crosslinking with riboflavin and ultraviolet A. I. Principles. Ocul Surf. 2013;11(2):65-74.
7. Gomes JAP, Tan D, Rapuano CJ, et al. Global Consensus on Keratoconus and Ectatic Diseases. Cornea. 2015;34(4):359-369.
8. Lewis PN, Pinali C, Young RD, et al. Structural interactions between collagen and proteoglycans are elucidated by three-dimensional electron tomography of bovine cornea. Structure. 2010;18(2):239-245.
9. Meek KM, Tuft SJ, Huang Y, et al. Changes in collagen orientation and distribution in keratoconus corneas. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005;46(6):1948-1956.
10. Meek KM, Boote C. The use of X-ray scattering techniques to quantify the orientation and distribution of collagen in the corneal stroma. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2009;28(5):369-392.
11. Roberts CJ, Dupps WJ. Biomechanics of corneal ectasia and biomechanical treatments. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2014;40(6):991-998.
12. Roy AS, Dupps WJ. Patient-specific computational modeling of keratoconus progression and differential responses to collagen cross-linking. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52(12):9174-9187.
13. Scarcelli G, Besner S, Pineda R, Yun SH. Biomechanical characterization of keratoconus corneas ex vivo with brillouin microscopy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2014;55(7):4490-4495.
14. Girard MJA, Dupps WJ, Baskaran M, et al. Translating Ocular Biomechanics into Clinical Practice: Current State and Future Prospects. Current eye research. 2015;40(1):1-18.
15. Wollensak G, Spoerl E, Seiler T. Riboflavin/ultraviolet-a–induced collagen crosslinking for the treatment of keratoconus. Am J Ophthalmol. 2003;135(5):620-627.
16. Wittig-Silva C, Chan E, Islam FM et al. A randomized, controlled trial of corneal collagen cross-linking in progressive keratoconus: three-year results. Ophthalmology. 2014;121(4):812-821.
17. O’Brart DPS, Kwong TQ, Patel P, et al. Long-term follow-up of riboflavin/ultraviolet A (370 nm) corneal collagen cross-linking to halt the progression of keratoconus. Br J Ophthalmol. February 2013.
18. Chang CY, Hersh PS. Corneal collagen cross-linking: a review of 1-year outcomes. Eye Contact Lens. 2014;40(6):345-352.
19. Raiskup F, Theuring A, Pillunat LE, Spoerl E. Corneal collagen crosslinking with riboflavin and ultraviolet-A light in progressive keratoconus: Ten-year results. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2015;41(1):41-46.
20. Koppen C, Wouters K, Mathysen D, Rozema J, Tassignon M-J. Refractive and topographic results of benzalkonium chloride-assisted transepithelial crosslinking. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2012;38(6):1000-1005.
21. Hayes S, O’Brart DP, Lamdin LS, et al. Effect of complete epithelial debridement before riboflavin-ultraviolet-A corneal collagen crosslinking therapy. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2008;34(4):657-661.
22. Baiocchi S, Mazzotta C, Cerretani D, Caporossi T, Caporossi A. Corneal crosslinking: riboflavin concentration in corneal stroma exposed with and without epithelium. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2009;35(5):893-899.
23. Raiskup F, Pinelli R, Spoerl E. Riboflavin Osmolar Modification for Transepithelial Corneal Cross-Linking. 2012;37(September 2010):234-238.
24. Rechichi M, Mazzotta C, Daya S, et al. Epithelial disruption pulsed accelerated cross-linking : one year results. In: 10th CXL Congress 2014 Zurich; 2014.
25. Stojanovic A, Chen X, Jin N, et al. Safety and efficacy of epithelium-on corneal collagen cross-linking using a multifactorial approach to achieve proper stromal riboflavin saturation. J Ophthalmol. 2012;2012:498435.
26. Cassagne M, Laurent C, Rodrigues M, et al. Iontophoresis transcorneal delivery technique for transepithelial corneal collagen crosslinking with riboflavin in a rabbit model. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2014;33(0):1-6.
27. Tomita M, Mita M, Huseynova T. Accelerated versus conventional corneal collagen crosslinking. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2014;40(6):1013-1020.
28. Mita M, Waring GO, Tomita M. High-irradiance accelerated collagen crosslinking for the treatment of keratoconus: Six-month results. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2014;40(6):1032-1040.
29. Seiler T, Hafezi F. Corneal cross-linking-induced stromal demarcation line. Cornea. 2006;25(9):1057-1059.
30. Mazzotta C, Caporossi T, Denaro R, et al. Morphological and functional correlations in riboflavin UV A corneal collagen cross-linking for keratoconus. Acta Ophthalmol. April 2010:1-7.
31. Touboul D, Efron N, Smadja D, et al. Corneal Confocal Microscopy Following Conventional, Transepithelial, and Accelerated Corneal Collagen Cross-linking Procedures for Keratoconus. J Refract Surg. 2012;28(11):769-776.
32. Kymionis G, Tsoulnaras K. Corneal Stromal Demarcation Line Determined With Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography Following a Very High Intensity Corneal Collagen Crosslinking. Cornea. 2015:664-667.
33. Kamaev P, Friedman MD, Sherr E, Muller D. Photochemical kinetics of corneal cross-linking with riboflavin. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012;53(4):2360-2367.
34. Kamaev P, Eddington W, Rood-Ojalvo S, et al. Accelerated corneal cross-linking with pulsed light. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013;54(E-Abstract 5288).
35. Mazzotta C, Traversi C, Caragiuli S, Rechichi M. Pulsed vs continuous light accelerated corneal collagen crosslinking: in vivo qualitative investigation by confocal microscopy and corneal OCT. Eye (Lond). 2014;28(10):1179-1183.
36. Mazzotta C, Traversi C, Paradiso AL, et al. Pulsed Light Accelerated Crosslinking vs Continuous Light Accelerated Crosslinking: One-Year Results. J Ophthalmol. 2014:1-15.
37. Friedman MF, Smirnov M, Kamaev P, Mrochen M, Lytle G, Muller D. Can we safely cross-link thinner corneas: Pathways for optimized CXL treatment planning. European Society of Cataract & Refractive Surgery Annual Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 3, 2015. Poster.)
38. Lytle G. Advances in the Technology of Corneal Cross-Linking for Keratoconus. Eye Contact Lens. 2014;0(0):1-7.
39. Kanellopoulos AJ, Dupps WJ, Seven I, Asimellis G. Toric topographically customized transepithelial, pulsed, very high-fluence, higher energy and higher riboflavin concentration collagen cross-linking in keratoconus. Case Rep Ophthalmol. 2014;5(2):172-180.
40. Mazzota C. Biological reations after CXL.Paper Presented at: 11th International Congress of Corneal Cross-Linking; 2015 Dec 4-5; Boston, MA.
41. Behndig A. Clinical results with PiXL in keratoconus Eyes. Paper Presented at: 11th International Congress of Corneal Cross-Linking; 2015 Dec 4-5; Boston, MA.
42. Cassagne M. Clinical results with PiXL in keratoconus Eyes. Paper Presented at: 11th International Congress of Conreal Cross-Linking; 2015 Dec 4-5; Boston, MA.
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Leverage our accumulated technology with optics
Nikon began research, development and production of optical glass materials in 1918, the year after the establishment of Nippon Kogaku K.K. (Nikon Corporation). By leveraging this vast history of technology, Nikon produces industry-leading synthetic silica glass and calcium fluoride materials. As well as the most advanced photomask substrates for FPD applications, lenses for semiconductor lithography systems and optical components for many other demanding applications, Nikon's analysis and measurement services are also contributing to our customers' quality assurance needs in a variety of applications.
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Like all revolutions, moral revolutions are marked by events that signal major turning points in social transformation. Yesterday, March 24, 2014, will be remembered as one of those days. The headline in the news story by Christianity Today made the issue easy enough to understand — “World Vision: Why We’re Hiring Gay Christians in Same-Sex Marriages.”
As the magazine reported, “World Vision’s American branch will no longer require its more than 1,100 employees to restrict their sexual activity to marriage between one man and one woman.”
World Vision U.S. President Richard Stearns announced the change in a letter to World Vision staff. The organization, one of the largest humanitarian organizations in the world, “will continue to expect abstinence before marriage and fidelity within marriage for all staff,” Stearns said. He then added that “since World Vision is a multi-denominational organization that welcomes employees from more than 50 denominations, and since a number of these denominations in recent years have sanctioned same-sex marriage for Christians, the board—in keeping with our practice of deferring to church authority in the lives of our staff, and desiring to treat all of our employees equally—chose to adjust our policy.” That led to the key change Stearns was then to announce: “Thus, the board has modified our Employee Standards of Conduct to allow a Christian in a legal same-sex marriage to be employed at World Vision.”
Stearns went on to state that he wanted “to be clear that we have not endorsed same-sex marriage, but we have chosen to defer to the authority of local churches on this issue.” He said that the World Vision board had watched as several denominations had been “torn apart” by the issue and that he and the board “wanted to prevent this divisive issue from tearing World Vision apart and potentially crippling our ability to accomplish our vital kingdom mission of loving and serving the poorest of the poor in the name of Christ.”
In an interview with Christianity Today, Stearns called the shift a “very narrow policy change” that he said was made in the name of Christian unity. “We are not caving to some kind of pressure, ” he insisted. “We are not on some slippery slope. There is no lawsuit threatening us. There is no employee group lobbying us.”
He claimed that the action was not made under political pressure. “This is not compromising. It is us deferring to the authority of local churches and denominations on theological issues. We’re an operational arm of the global church, we’re not a theological arm of the church.”
Stearns also said that World Vision has never asked potential employees about their sexual orientation. They are asked to affirm the Apostles Creed or the organization’s own trinitarian statement of faith. Employees within the organization represent more than 50 denominations, including at least some that affirm homosexuality, same-sex marriage, and openly gay ministers. These include the Episcopal Church, the Presbyterian Church (USA), and the United Church of Christ.
In that light, Stearns said that the World Vision U.S. board has had to confront a pressing question: “What do we do about someone who applies for a job at World Vision who is in a legal same-sex relationship that may have been sanctioned and performed by their church? Do we deny them employment?”
Continuing his list of what he insisted the policy shift is “not about,” Stearns said: “This is also not about compromising the authority of Scripture . . . . People can say, ‘Scripture is very clear on this issue,’ and my answer is, ‘Well ask all the theologians and denominations that disagree with that statement.’ The church is divided on this issue. And we are not the local church. We are am operational organization uniting Christians around a common mission to serve the poor in the name of Christ.”
Richard Stearns has every right to try to make his case, but these arguments are pathetically inadequate. Far more than that, his arguments reveal basic issues that every Christian ministry, organization, church, and denomination will have to face — and soon.
The distinction between an “operational arm” of the church and a “theological arm” is a fatal misreading of reality. World Vision claims a Christian identity, claims to serve the kingdom of Christ, and claims a theological rationale for its much-needed ministries to the poor and distressed. It cannot surrender theological responsibility when convenient and then claim a Christian identity and a theological mandate for ministry.
Add to this the fact that World Vision claims not to have compromised the authority of Scripture, even as its U.S. president basically throws the Bible into a pit of confusion by suggesting that the Bible is not sufficiently clear on the question of the morality of same-sex sexuality. Stearns insists that he is not compromising biblical authority even as he undermines confidence that the church can understand and trust what the Bible reveals about same-sex sexuality.
The policy shift points back to a basic problem with World Vision’s understanding of the church. No organization can serve on behalf of churches across the vast theological and moral spectrum that would include clearly evangelical denominations, on the one hand, and liberal denominations such as the Presbyterian Church (USA), the Episcopal Church, and the United Church of Christ, on the other. That might work if World Vision were selling church furniture, but not when the mission of the organization claims a biblical mandate.
Furthermore, it is ridiculous to argue that World Vision is not taking sides on the issue. The objective fact is that World Vision will now employ openly-gay employees involved in openly homosexual relationships. There is no rational sense in claiming that this represents neutrality.
In his final comment included in Christianity Today‘s coverage of the issue, Richard Stearns stated: “I’m hoping this may inspire unity among others as well. To say how we come together across some differences and still join together as brothers and sisters in Christ in our common mission of building the kingdom.”
Note carefully that his language is deeply theological — not just “operational.” He speaks of being “brothers and sisters in Christ” and of “building the kingdom.” What kingdom? Whose kingdom?
Writing to the Corinthian Christians, the Apostle Paul stated: “Or do you not know that the unrighteous will not inherit the kingdom of God? Do not be deceived: neither the sexually immoral, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor men who practice homosexuality, nor thieves, nor the greedy, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor swindlers will inherit the kingdom of God.” [1 Corinthians 6:9-10]
The leader of World Vision U.S. now claims that the Bible is not sufficiently clear on the sinfulness of same-sex sexuality and relationships, but he also claims a “mission of building the kingdom.” The Apostle Paul makes homosexuality a kingdom issue, and he does so in the clearest of terms.
Of course, Paul’s point is not that homosexuals are uniquely sinful, but that all of us are sinners in need of the grace and mercy of God that come to us in the gift of salvation. Thanks be to God, Paul follows those words with these: “And such were some of you. But you were washed, you were sanctified, you were justified in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ and by the Spirit of our God.” [1 Corinthians 6:11]
The worst aspect of the World Vision U.S. policy shift is the fact that it will mislead the world about the reality of sin and the urgent need of salvation. Willingly recognizing same-sex marriage and validating openly homosexual employees in their homosexuality is a grave and tragic act that confirms sinners in their sin — and that is an act that violates the gospel of Christ.
World Vision has made a decisive difference in millions of lives around the world. Its humanitarian work is urgently important in a world of unspeakable need. Last year the organization had a total financial reach of almost $3 billion. Its scale and expertise are unprecedented in the Christian world. That is what makes this policy shift so ominous and threatening.
In 1974, the late Carl F. H. Henry, then the dean of evangelical theologians, became “lecturer-at-large” for World Vision. In his autobiography, Confessions of a Theologian (1986), Dr. Henry stated: “During the period from its early pastors’ conferences in the 1940s to the present time, World Vision has been an an incomparable partner in extending the compassionate outreach of Christians in ten Western nations to the less fortunate millions in eighty non-Western countries. Decades before Live-Aid and other secular programs, and even many denominational programs, awakened to the need, World Vision had pointed the way.”
The shift announced yesterday by World Vision points to disaster. We can only pray that there is yet time for World Vision to rethink this matter, correct their course, stand without compromise on the authority of Scripture, and point the way for evangelical Christians to follow once again.
Original article here.
Dr. R. Albert Mohler Jr. serves as president of The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary – the flagship school of the Southern Baptist Convention and one of the largest seminaries in the world.
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People who have received the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccination against COVID-19 seem significantly less likely to “shed” or transmit virus particles in their nose or throat.
That is the finding of a study pre-published on February 8 by Israeli scientists from COVID-19 testing centers MyHeritage Lab and the Central Virology Laboratory at Sheba Medical Center.
While the study results have not yet been peer reviewed, they may answer the key question of whether COVID-19 vaccines not only protect the vaccinee but also people in proximity to them.
The study was possible because real-world data is abundant in Israel, which started its Pfizer vaccination rollout December 20 and focused on individuals 60 and older.
“By now, more than 75% of the individuals of this age group have been at least 14 days after the first dose, compared to 25% of the individuals between ages 40 to 60 years old,” the researchers noted.
The study traced the cycle threshold (Ct) value distribution — which indicates how much virus an infected person harbors — of 16,297 positive qPCR tests performed between December 1 and January 31 from these two age groups.
“As we do not have access to the vaccine status of each test, our hypothesis was that if vaccines reduce viral load, we should see a difference in the Ct values between these two age groups in late January but not before,” they explained.
Until January 15, there was no statistically significant difference in the average Ct value between the groups. In the last two weeks of January, as predicted, the average Ct value of 60+ individuals tested was significantly weaker compared to the younger group.
After corroborating these results using a mathematical model, the scientists used demographic data and daily vaccination rates to estimate the effect of vaccination on viral load reduction.
“Our estimate suggests that vaccination reduces the viral load by 1.6x to 20x in individuals who are positive for SARS-CoV-2. This estimate might improve after more individuals receive the second dose,” they wrote.
“Taken together, our findings indicate vaccination is not only important for individual’s protection but can reduce transmission.”
The study’s authors are Prof. Yaniv Erlich, chief science officer of MyHeritage; Ella Petter, Danit Oz-Levi, and Asaf Younger of MyHeritage; Orna Mor and Neta Zuckerman of the Central Virology Lab; and Dvir Aran of the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology.
(Edited by Fern Siegel and David Martosko)
Pfizer vaccinees less likely to pass coronavirus to others appeared first on ISRAEL21c.
The post Early Findings: Pfizer Vaccine Seriously Cuts Risk Of Infecting Others With COVID-19 appeared first on Zenger News.
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What made some people fall for propaganda throughout the COVID-19 so-called pandemic so easily? How were so many people terrified into submission and deceived into receiving an experimental injection that they did not need?
Allow me to introduce you to the Canadian psyop – an exercise in behavior modification techniques.
A tender bid, put out by the Government of Canada a mere few weeks before the annual World Health Assembly (WHA), nicely complemented what the WHA discussed at their “Strategic Round Table” on “Behavioral Science for Better Health.”
The description for the round table tabulated that we must transform global health by utilizing “behavioral sciences [to] focus on understanding why specific behaviors and decision-making processes occur.”
Canada’s very own defunct public health responder, Theresa Tam, was one of the panelists.
The WHA further described their roundtable focus: “An initiative to mainstream and increase the use of behavioral sciences to complement a biomedical focus on public health challenges was launched by WHO Director-General (that’s Dr. Tedros) at the end of the year 2019. This strategic roundtable provides the opportunity to share WHO’s progress in this area and to discuss the way forward, specifically on how to better integrate behavioral sciences into the global health agenda through WHO’s work and that of Member States.”
The panel discussed how behavior modification techniques can promote compliance with public health measures by “nudging” the population with instructions, “social norms,” and targeted marketing strategies.
As per the moderator/journalist Chika Oduah’s introduction of Dr. Tam, Canada has already been conducting this scheme for decades.
The bid tender Request for Proposal calls on the IIU to “support the conduct of large-scale design research studies to support key Government of Canada priorities.” It further notes that it will do this “through an expansion of its behavioral science function; integrating evidence-based, behaviourally-informed insights and recommendations to communications and public education materials, policy and programmatic design, and whole-of-government decision-making.” This work is carried out through a research architecture built upon three primary sources for data collection:
- A nationwide, longitudinal tracking study that monitors evolving knowledge, risk perceptions, and behaviors related to COVID-19;
- Rapid online studies and experiments that explore barriers to critical public health behaviors and testing public health messaging using experimental and quasi-experimental designs; and
- In-field research enabling the design, implementation, and evaluation of behaviourally-informed interventions that encourage the adoption and maintenance of key health and safety behaviors.
This includes “understanding of what drives individual and collective behavior, what barriers stand in the way of greater climate action, and how to design and test solutions that lead to meaningful behavior change in Canada. It is within the frame of this research architecture that the IIU will continue to contribute to the Government’s COVID-19 response, enhanced climate action and other priority areas… using an online experimentation platform – and having access to online panels of participants – to support rapid online studies and experiments… to measurably drive sustained behavior change.”
In her address, Tam mentioned the COSMO system and the aggressive “My Why” marketing campaign to “nudge” compliance with COVID-19 vaccination.
COSMO is the World Health Organization-derived COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring system.
The next steps for this study aim to “use a series of statistical analyses to look for patterns in data, allowing them to answer questions like: How do intentions to vaccinate change over time? How do changes in trust in Government information sources affect changes in intentions to vaccinate over time? How do individual lead characteristics affect changes in intentions to vaccinate over time? How do interactions between gender and trust in government information sources affect changes in intentions to vaccinate over time?”
This reads like a massive big Pharma coup d'état.
It’s all further reinforced by the fact that bureaucrats were paid by Health Canada to influence Canadians to get vaccinated.
Health Canada doesn’t want you to know who was paid or how much money they received, but they seem okay with collecting and monitoring all of your data to persuade and influence your behavior.
Do you think that the Government should have a policy unit as well as a public health unit that both work collaboratively to modify, shape shift, and persuade the way you behave?
Should the Government really be studying how to effectively drive propaganda to ensure that the behavior of their populations complies with whatever the World Health Organization deems necessary with “nudges” and instructions?
This is being rolled out from sporting events, to pandemics, to climate change.
Hang onto your critical thinking caps, it sounds like you’re going to need it.
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Move DualShield installation to another physical machine
The utility dsclone (DualShield Clone Tool) is primarily used for setting up a cluster of DualShield servers. DSClone is used to create mirror servers from the primary DualShield server. In addition, DSClone can also be used to move an exiting DualShield server to another physical machine.
- The new machine should have similar hardware as the existing machine.
- The same OS must be installed on the new machine and in a hard disk with the same drive letter.
As matter of fact, the machine hardwares do not have to be identical. You may have a similar OS instead of identical, for example, SBS 2011 and 2008 R2. But make sure both machines have the same OS architecture, e.g. x86 or x64, and the new machine has sufficient memory for running the Java virtual machine.
- download the clone software "dsrvclone.exe" and place it to a temp folder (e.g. c:\temp) where it is readable and writable;
- open the windows console with administrator priviledge. Go to to the temp folder (c:\temp);
- run dsrvclone.exe. It will self-extract its contents to a sub folder called "clonepack";
- go to the sub folder (c:\temp\clonepack)
- run "dsclone backup";
- wait it to finish;
- copy the whole folder(c:\temp\clonepack) to the new machine;
- run "dsclone deploy" on the new chaine and follow the instructions on the screen.
Is that all? Well, it depends.
If you installed DualShield with the embedded MySQL, then yes, as the clone utility takes care of the duplication of this database.
If you installed DualShield and linked it to an external SQL server that is running on another dedicated machine, the answer is yes as well.
If you installed DualShield and linked it to an external SQL server that is running on the same machine, then you have to install the SQL server on the new machine, and migrate(backup then restore) the database, followed by change of database connection string in server.xml which is located at the folder "C:\Program Files\Deepnet DualShield\tomcat\conf" by default.
You can find the connection string by searching "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver".
Change the IP(FQDN) with the new one, or simply use localhost. Don't forget to restart DualShield service after it.
As you can imagine, you will need to update the authentication server IP address in agents accordingly.
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Posted on 2002-05-17
I have the following network configuration :
1. Cisco router, which is exporting for me the following networks :
22.214.171.124/255.255.255.240 over 126.96.36.199
188.8.131.52/255.255.255.192 over 184.108.40.206
220.127.116.11/255.255.255.224 over 18.104.22.168
The IP address of the router is 22.214.171.124, and the network is 126.96.36.199/255.255.255.240
I should protect these 3 networks, so I separated each of them in a subnet as follows :
188.8.131.52/255.255.255.240 -> 184.108.40.206/255.255.255.248
2. A RedHat 7.2 firewall with 6 NICs (I am using 4 of them for the routing) :
eth1 - 220.127.116.11 with netmask 255.255.255.240
eth1:0 - 18.104.22.168 with netmask 255.255.255.240
eth1:1 - 22.214.171.124 with netmask 255.255.255.240
eth3 - 126.96.36.199/255.255.255.248
eth4 - 188.8.131.52/255.255.255.224
eth5 - 184.108.40.206/255.255.255.240
So, eth1, eth1:0 and eth1:1 are connected to the Cisco router and are hooking all the requests to the exported networks.
eth3 should be a gateway for the first network, eth4 - for the second and eth5 for the third.
In the moment I have 2 Database Servers, which are connected to the first network and have IP addresses 220.127.116.11 and 18.104.22.168 with netmask 255.255.255.248.
The routing is working strange: very slow normally, and if I ping some of the servers it becomes normal. What is my mistake ?
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Abebe Bikala ran a marathon barefoot
The marathon is usually a hard event; it is 26.2 miles of hard running. It can be hard on the body, especially the feet and that's why all marathon runners pay so much consideration to what is on their feet. They will spend considerable time getting the correct shoe and a lot of money is associated with running shoes. Back at the 1960 Rome Olympics, the Ethiopian, Abebe Bikala turned up for the marathon and there were no running shoes left in the teams kit that would fit him, so he ran the marathon barefoot and went on to win the gold medal. This is commonly praised as a remarkable accomplishment.
Recently there's been a group of runners who are suggesting the running shoes are not all they can be believed to be and are advocating that running ought to be done barefoot, just like nature intended. After all, we were not given birth to with shoes and historical humans had to run large distances barefoot to stay alive as animals needed to be hunted on foot over great distances. Running footwear are really only a quite recent invention. Runners who advocate the barefoot approach to running love to point to the achievements of Abebe Bikala as additional validation that we do not require running shoes. There are certainly a number of other arguments both for and against barefoot running, with not much scientific evidence supporting it. While Abebe Bikala winning gold medal at the Rome Olympics barefoot obviously suggest that it can be done, what those who like to tout his triumphs as evidence often omit that he subsequently went on to win the gold medal as well as break the world record in the marathon at the 1964 Tokyo Olympic games. Abebe Bikala managed to set the world record this time wearing running shoes; in other words he could actually run faster when he was using running shoes. We may well have evolved to run without running shoes, but we also evolved in an environment prior to concrete and hard surfaces emerged. While the successes of him were remarkable, making use of him as evidence that it is better doesn't stack up to scrutiny.
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Most people have a fear of disappointing others, but the trickiest situation of all is when we disappoint ourselves.
Disappointing yourself can make you question your ambitions, your self-worth, and your abilities. It can make you feel both queasy and uneasy, like being stuck at the top of a roller coaster or eating that leftover sushi you definitely should have thrown out days ago.
Maybe it’s because only we know our true potential—and not living up to it invites unpleasant emotions like shame and fear and guilt to the party. Or, maybe it's because we know we're the only ones who can free ourselves from the sinking feeling—and it's a daunting task. Disappointing yourself can make you question your ambitions, your self-worth, and your abilities.
The good news: There’s a tool that can help us when we’re clinging to disappointment. It’s called self-compassion.
Research shows that “people who have higher levels of self-compassion tend to handle stress better—they have less of a physical stress response when they are stuck in traffic, have an argument with their spouse, or don’t get that job offer—and they spend less time reactivating stressful events by dwelling on them,” writes Carrie Dennett in The Washington Post.
It’s part of grief, a part of life, and yes, a part of disappointment. The first step to getting over your self-shame is to simply accept what went wrong. Avoiding or glossing over it won’t help you move on.
The first step to getting over your self-shame is to simply accept what went wrong. If you need a good long cry, go for it. If you want to wallow for a few hours, you’re entitled. But then it’s time to brush yourself off and declare exactly where things went off the rails.
Simply saying out loud to yourself, “I’m disappointed because I didn't meet the goal I set for myself,” might make you see that this big issue actually isn’t the overwhelming monster you believe it to be—it’s actually a series of events that you can learn from.
It’s easy to judge yourself in these situations, but let’s take one or two steps back and find a new perspective. If your friend came to you with the same issue—she was disappointed in herself for not having a stellar quarterly review, or bombing her open-mic night—what would you say to her?
Probably not, “I’m so disappointed in you. You can do better.”
Rather, you’d be supportive and kind and listen to exactly what went wrong. Treating yourself and your disappointment like a close friend can help ease the blame and help you exercise more self-compassion.
Disappointment is directly tied to the expectations we place on ourselves. It’s a tale as old as time—you can even trace it back to your childhood.
I’m going to sell 1,000 boxes of Girl Scout cookies today!
I’m going to win the Spelling Bee!
I’m going to take first place in the 400-meter dash!
It’s not that high expectations are a bad thing—by all means, reach for the stars! Sell the cookies! Ask for the definition to that noun! Run until your lungs burn!
But making sure you’re prepared is an important way to protect yourself from future disappointment. Consider whether your expectations were aligned with how ready you felt for that moment.
If you’re feeling disappointed, it’s only natural to want to reach for something to cheer you up. Hello, full weekends binge-watching Killing Eve. There’s nothing wrong with either of these tactics, but when you engage in them mindlessly to soothe your nerves or a troubled mind, it can often only lead to a negative feedback loop.
Experiencing the world around you will make you remember that this, in fact, isn’t the end of the world. Instead, distract yourself by treating yourself to something different. Carve out an extra hour to crack open that book you’ve been dying to read, or call an old friend and catch up, or go for a walk to the nearby botanic garden.
Do something that stimulates your mind. Experiencing the world around you will make you remember that this, in fact, isn’t the end of the world.
There are so many lessons to learn from major and minor failures or little blips of disappointment. The first major lesson? You know what not to do next time. When you've passed the "acceptance" stage, start to figure out where things went wrong by asking yourself the following questions:
●︎ Did you give yourself enough time?
●︎ Did you do the necessary prep work?
●︎ Did you set clear boundaries?
●︎ Did you ask for help?
Digging in to these questions will expose any of the flaws in your plan. Instead of saying, “Oh well, I guess it didn’t work out the way I wanted to,” or beating yourself up, you’ll be armed with knowledge and be able to pivot.
This oft-quoted statement might give you some comfort: “The definition of insanity is doing the same thing over and over again and expecting a different result.” But see, now you’re not going to do the same thing over and over again! You’ve learned from this disappointing experience!
Asking the right questions and understanding where your plans went off the rails is crucial to plotting your next big endeavor.
Instead of vaguely saying, “I’ll do better next time,” find the next similar deadline or event on your calendar right now. (Go on, we’ll wait!) Then ask yourself, “Am I fully prepared for this?” Chances are, you can use what you learned to dig a little deeper, research a little more, or ask for help if you need it.
Ah, yes, the most important lesson of all: The thing about being disappointed is that it reveals what you actually care about. You wouldn’t be feeling so upset if you weren’t invested in the outcome, and that in itself is a great thing. Disappointment can act like a radar system, pinpointing exactly where you are—and where you want to be.
The thing about being disappointed is that it reveals what you actually care about. While you might feel like shying away from it if things aren’t turning out your way, listen to your instincts. You’re disappointed because you care, and that passion is what will keep you moving forward.
When you take the time to learn from your disappointment, you’ll be more prepared than ever before the next time that presentation or conversation or dance battle comes up.
Learning to Identify the Source of Disappointment
Your reaction to disappointment and the way you choose to overcome it is often influenced by the source of the disappointment.
For example, if you applied for a promotion at work but did not receive it, you may feel disappointment and wonder at how things in your life may have been better had you been promoted. In instances like this, you must make a decision. You must decide if you want to stay at your current job with the employer who did not choose you or if you want to pursue employment elsewhere.
On the other hand, if your disappointment is related to the loss of a relationship or the death of a loved one, you may find yourself questioning why things had to end. The disappointment associated with the loss of a loved one often leaves individuals feeling overwhelmed.Because there is no way to "undo" the circumstance, it may feel hopeless.
Denial Does Not Remove Disappointment
Many people have the mindset that if you don't talk about something it didn't happen. This is not true. This way of thinking can have negative consequences, which may compound the disappointment.
Long-term effects of unresolved disappointment may impact personal and/or romantic relationships. This often happens because someone who has been disappointed finds it difficult to trust others for fear of facing rejection or more disappointment.
Dealing with Disappointment
Feeling disappointment is not necessarily an issue to be concerned about. The inability to deal with the emotion and to let go of the pain can become an issue, though. Dealing with disappointment takes a conscious effort. There are some steps you can take to best handle disappointment so that you can let it go and move on.
One of the best ways to be emotionally aware is to acknowledge your feelings about the situation(s) that disappoint you. Being honest with yourself first will allow you to talk to and to be honest with others. If you have a friend or confidant that you can discuss these feelings with, they may be able to offer some perspective about the issue.
Additionally, seeking the advice of a therapist or counselor for unresolved emotional responses could be very beneficial. An experienced counselor will be able to offer you support and insight into why some feelings are easier to deal with than others. They can teach you healthy coping mechanisms to help you learn to let go of disappointment and move forward.
Disappointment has a way of leaving the person affected feeling anxious, as if in a constant state of turmoil. This is not conducive to emotional well-being.
Some days may be a little easier than others, but it is very important to learn to identify things that make you feel happy and at peace and to embrace them. Letting go of disappointment and of any anger or bitterness associated with it will free your mind of the turmoil and will help you to live a life of peace.
Look for Reality, Not Illusion
It is human nature to hope and dream. It's healthy to do so. However, when reality becomes mixed with illusion it is very easy to feel disappointed. When you are trying to decipher what is real, journaling or making lists may be helpful. Write down facts and how they impact your life. Journaling and writing your feelings are a great way to express your feelings while maintaining privacy.
Experience is a Great Teacher
Disappointment is inevitable. While it may not feel good at the time, experiencing disappointment and learning to overcome it can help prepare you for difficult situations later in life. Whether disappointment occurred because of a mistake you made, a missed goal, or poor personal choices, there is an opportunity to learn and move forward.
Give Yourself Some Credit!
Just because you experience disappointment, that doesn't mean that you have to beat yourself up. If you take the time to honestly weigh the positive and negative experiences you've had, chances are you have much more to be proud of than disappointed about.
Think about yourcharacter strengths. Are you a good friend or a hard worker? Do you like to do good for others? When you begin to view yourself in terms of successes rather than failures or disappointments, you may be surprised how much better you begin to feel.
We All Need Someone
No matter what disappointment you are experiencing, it's important to realize that we all have times when we need the help of others. Reaching out to family and friends who are encouraging can help you begin to overcome disappointments and let those negative emotions go.
When you need more help than just a friendly conversation, seeking the advice of a counselor or therapist is never a bad idea. Most towns have mental health and wellness clinics. Your primary care physician can also provide you with a list of counselors that they recommend. If you are interested in counseling, but not sure about the commitment to appointments or the financial obligation, online counseling may be an option for you.
How does disappointment feel?
Dealing with disappointment can feel overwhelming, uncomfortable, and scary. Disappointment hurts just like feeling pain from a physical injury. This is why many people will do whatever they can to avoid disappointment at all costs.
Why do we get disappointed?
Feeling disappointed is inevitable in life. We get disappointed for many reasons, but most of all when things don't go the way we expect them to. Or, an unexpected circumstance arises throws a wrench in our plans.
How do you deal with disappointment?
The best way to deal with feelings of disappointment is to acknowledge the pain and discomfort that you're feeling and give yourself time to heal and fully process your emotions. Talking to a counselor or therapist and the licensed professionals is a good way to learn how to overcome bouts of serious disappointment.
How do you recover from major disappointment?
Overcoming disappointment is possible if you allow yourself the time to experience your true emotions and heal from the disappointment. Talking to a licensed therapist is a good way to learn coping skills for how to respond to disappointment without getting bogged down by the negative feelings associated with this emotion.
What emotion is disappointment?
Disappointment is an emotion that we can feel like fear, anxiety, anger, even loss – all in one. Disappointment can be a mixed emotion where you feel the pain and distress of a loss while understanding that the disappointing situation happened for a reason. A psychologist or therapist can help you get to the bottom of what's causing your disappointment.
How do you express disappointment without anger?
Disappointment and anger often go hand-in-hand. While it is normal to feel anger when feeling disappointment, how you express and respond to that anger is a choice. Sessions with a licensed therapy provider can teach you new ways to respond to disappointment without reacting in anger.
What to say to someone who disappointed you?
If you have the opportunity to address someone who disappointed you, it's okay to simply say "I am disappointed." Making simple statements paves the way for your healing without getting into a long-drawn-out conversation about how they disappointed you. Talk to a mental health professional to learn how to have healthy conversations about your emotions.
How do I stop being disappointed in others?
The best way to learn how to manage disappointment with others is to understand that the experience of disappointment is a normal part of life. No two people will always agree, and people will disappoint you from timetotime (even in the best relationships). Learning how to manage your emotions and responses to disappointment from a licensed therapist is the best way to go.
Is disappointment a feeling?
You can look at disappointment as a feeling, or you can look at it as a circumstance that caused other feelings that you’re experiencing. Sometimes, disappointment can be enough to sum up your feelings, but sometimes you might want to use it as a jumping off point.
How do you heal from disappointment?
Healing from disappointment has two main components. The first is allowing yourself to accept that sometimes life is hard and that’s okay. The second is remembering that this isn’t the end of your life, and you can pick yourself up and turn things around.
Why is disappointment a good thing?
Disappointment is a difficult emotion, but it isn’t a bad thing. Disappointment can even be seen as a good thing.
For one, disappointment means that you once had hope or joy – otherwise, you wouldn’t be feeling disappointment now. Instead of using disappointment as an excuse to feel bad for yourself, use it as an opportunity to count your blessings.
Further, disappointment can be a source of inspiration. When we feel down, it makes us want to feel good again, which can encourage us to put in the work that it takes to improve ourselves and our lot in life.
What is the root cause of disappointment?
Most therapists and counselors will tell you that expectations are the cause of disappointment. Most of the time, when we’re disappointed, it’s because we feel that the universe owes us something – which is unrealistic.
Is every disappointment a blessing?
Whether disappointment is a blessing or not depends on how you look at disappointment. As mentioned above, you can look at disappointment as a transition period to count your blessings and rally your spirits before moving on to your next stage in life.
Is disappointment worse than anger?
Emotions like anger and disappointment aren’t inherently good or bad – all emotions are natural and healthy. What can be “bad” is how we let more difficult emotions like disappointment impact us and how long we hold onto them.
You may find that you have an easier time dealing with one emotion or the other, but one is not inherently “worse” than the other.
While disappointment is something that we all experience from time to time, it does not have to control your life. Learning to address disappointment and the negative effects it can have on your life is a crucial step toward mental health and well-being.
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|Executive Summary: SQL Server Compact Edition 3.5 is Microsoft’s smallest version of SQL Server. It’s a full relational database that runs in-process with your application. You can use it as a database for desktop applications or mobile applications and distribute it with your applications.|
Inside Visual Studio (VS) 2008, you’ll find a new edition of SQL Server called SQL Server Compact Edition. Formerly known as SQL Server Everywhere, SQL Server Compact Edition 3.5 is Microsoft’s smallest version of SQL Server. Unlike other SQL Server editions, SQL Server Compact Edition runs in-process with your application. You can use it as a database for desktop applications or mobile applications and distribute it with your applications. And it’s free—it’s part of VS 2008 and VS 2008 Express, or you can download it from microsoft.com/sql/editions/compact/downloads.mspx.
What OSs does it support?
SQL Server Compact Edition supports server, desktop, and device OSs including various editions of Windows Vista, Windows Server 2003, Windows XP, and Windows Mobile.
What are its system requirements?
Designed for mobile applications, SQL Server Compact Edition has a very small footprint requiring only 5MB of RAM and 2MB of disk storage. It uses a single .sdf file for storage and supports databases up to 4GB. On the software side, SQL Server Compact Edition requires the Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5, Microsoft Internet Explorer (IE) 6.0, ActiveSync 4.0, and VS 2008.
Is SQL Server Compact Edition a full relational database?
Yes. It provides full referential integrity, including support for cascading deletes and multiple column indexes. It also supports transactions, including the ability to commit and roll back database changes. However, it doesn’t support stored procedures. Data files can be encrypted using RSA 128-bit encryption.
How do you manage SQL Server Compact Edition databases?
You create databases using VS 2008 and SQL Server Compact 3.5 Design Tools. You manage them with SQL Server Management Studio or SQL Server Management Studio Express.
How do you program SQL Server Compact Edition applications?
To program SQL Server Compact Edition applications, you can use VS 2008 (including the Express editions) and the .NET Framework 3.5. For data access middleware, you can use LINQ, ADO.NET, and OLE DB.
Can it integrate with other versions of SQL Server?
Yes. You can connect it with SQL Server 2008 or SQL Server 2005 using the new Synchronization Services for ADO.NET, merge replication, or Remote Data Access. You will need a SQL Server CAL.
YOUR SAVVY ASSISTANT - The Missing Link to IT Resources
When it comes to new product versions and releases, Michael Otey is pretty darn hip. He’s so knowledgeable about upcoming improvements and new features. I am always amazed at how far in front of the curve he is. As you can probably tell by my less-than-chic yellow turtleneck and outdated hairstyle, I am none of those things. It takes me a while to move on, and I’m more inclined to stick with whatever works—at least until it breaks. So I understand if you (or whoever makes your organization’s upgrade decisions) aren’t convinced to upgrade to Visual Studio 2008. While Michael flies on ahead of me to trendy-town, I’m dawdling behind so that I can provide some Visual Studio 2005 resources that might be right up your alley.
“Managing Hierarchical Rowsets,” InstantDoc ID 97182
“Express Essentials: The Code Connection Between Visual Studio 2005 and SQL Server Express,” InstantDoc ID 97509
“Crystal-Clear Reporting on Hierarchical Data,” InstantDoc ID 97789
“SSMS Tools Pack: 6 Tools That Help You Do More with SSMS,” InstantDoc ID 98307
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- What is Ethereum 2. o and why do we need it?
- Difference between ETH 1.0 and ETH 2.0
- What is London Hard Fork?
Ethereum has pulled its socks up and is ready with an upgrade that can revolutionize the way we see Ethereum today. The new ethereum upgrades will radically bring about a change in the manner the blockchain network is used and secured. With numerous upgrades over the past few years since its inception, what does Ethereum 2.0 and London Hard fork have in store for the blockchain protocol? These two upgrades intend to improve the scalability and usability of the ethereum blockchain.
Ethereum underwent its 11th upgrade on the 4th of August 2021 which was called the “London Hardfork”. This improvement consists of a total of five EIPs (Ethereum improvement proposals) that intend to optimize the functioning of the blockchain network.
But before we deep dive into what is London hard fork and Ethereum 2.0, let us understand Ethereum 1.0 and its underlying issues.
History of Ethereum: What is Ethereum 1.0?
Vitalik Buterin, the co-founder of Bitcoin Magazine and a programmer in 2013 described the idea of Ethereum blockchain in a white paper for the first time. The argument that Vitalik proposed is that blockchain technology has much more use-cases than finance. He mentioned the requirement of a scripting language for the development of various applications which could attach real-world entities such as stocks and properties to the blockchain.
Ethereum blockchain was then launched in 2014 with smart contracts where decentralized applications (dApps) could be built expanding the use-cases of blockchain from P2P (peer-to-peer) money transfer to a much-advanced technology that possessed the potential to become the backbone for any platforms to come.
However, numerous issues were later figured out and thus, there was a need for up-gradation.
Issues with Ethereum 1.0
|High miner gas fees|
The Ethereum network before up-gradation could handle 30 transactions every second which was insufficient to handle all the users across the globe.
High miner gas fee
The high demand for ethereum has raised the miner gas fees (transaction fees) to an unprecedented amount.
Ethereum 1.0 followed the proof-of-work consensus that required a lot of energy. The current up-gradation has replaced it with PoS( proof-of-stake) consensus. The proof-of-work mechanism requires a lot of energy for mining since it solves complex mathematical algorithms to perform the validation of the transactions. This mechanism was used to create new cryptocurrency blocks on the network.
The proof-of-work (PoW) model was also vulnerable in the case of security. The PoW can protect the blockchain network from getting hacked only if there was a presence of a large number of nodes. The smaller blockchains are pretty vulnerable to attacks and the ability of the hacker to gain over the computational power of the network was quite high. Therefore, there was a severe need for improvements.
What is Ethereum 2.0? Why do we need ETH2.0?
Ethereum 2.0 is an upgrade that the ethereum network has been waiting for, for a long time. It resolves all the above-mentioned issues encountered by Ethereum 1.0. The greater scalability leads to quicker transactions with better security and lower miner gas fees. The best part about ETH 2.0 is that it uses the proof-of-stake (PoS) consensus algorithm.
What is proof-of-stake consensus? Well, the PoS algorithm unlike the PoW mechanism does not require a lot of computational energy to ensure the security of the blockchain protocol. Rather, it is based on the enormous amount of wealth that is staked by locking up a certain amount of cryptocurrency coins as collateral in the network itself. This not only minimizes the amount of energy required but also pulls down the security attacks to a great extent.
ETH 2.0 has another upgrade to itself which is shrading. Shrading makes the network more secure as well as scalable. Sharadding improves the overall efficiency of the blockchain network as it splits the entire network into multiple blockchains to ensure the simultaneous transactions which otherwise occur consecutively. This enhances the processing power as the workload is divided among different validators.
Since Ethereum 2.0 brings about a switch in mechanism from proof-of-work to proof-of-stake, it means that validators will be assigned certain rules to perform and shall be paid instead of ethereum miners who used to compete for the block reward. It is extremely important to understand the economics of staking to maintain the hygiene of the network.
To embrace the new upgrades of Ethereum, CoinDCX announced its ETH-backed token, Liqueth (LQTH) a few months back. The LQTH tokens are generated in a 1:1 ratio of the ETH staked on CoinDCX. LQTH is an ERC-20 token that just not supports the validation activity on the Ethereum blockchain network but can also be staked. Find Liqueth interesting? Here is a complete Litepaper on Liqueth by CoinDCX.
Difference between ETH 1.0 and ETH 2.0
|Difference||ETH 1.0||ETH 2.0|
|Model||Single Blockchain network
||Beacon Chain+ Shard Chain
What is London Hard Fork?
The London Hard Fork is a set of five EIPs (Ethereum improvement proposals). Each proposal aims to improve the existing ETH network.
This EIP aims to make the transactions across the ETH network more efficient with the use of a hybrid system of base fees. It also aims to evenly incentivize the ethereum miners during the time of low and high congestion. Ethereum 1.0 used the variable first-price model which shall be replaced by a better and more deterministic base fee model. EIP-1559 arrived as a part of the London Hard Fork. This upgrade was to overhaul the Ethereum network’s maligned fee structure. Transaction fees will be more predictable with EIP-1559 along with reducing delay in transaction confirmations.
EIP – 3198
It aims at improving the user experience and benefits concerning smart contracts. Read about Smart contracts in detail.
It offsets the block size variance of EIP-1559 along with reducing the refunds on the ETH network.
Makes deployment of new smart contracts possible.
This upgrade has not been rolled out yet. It is expected to come into function by the end of 2021. It is expected to increase the difficulty of mining Ethereum to unmanageable levels.
EIP (Ethereum Improvement proposals)
|EIP 3198||This EIP aims at improving the user experience and benefits concerning smart contracts|
|EIP 3529||Reduces the refunds on the ETH network.|
|EIP 3541||Makes deployment of new smart contracts possible.|
|EIP 3554||EIP 3554 is expected to increase the difficulty of mining Ethereum to unmanageable levels.|
Ethereum 2.0 was launched in a phase-wise manner where Beacon Chain was launched in Phase 0. The primary focus in this phase was to activate the PoS system of the network. Phase 1 saw the beginning of Shrading which means partitioning of the database into multiple machines. The Ethereum blockchain was split into several blockchain networks. This was meant to enhance the scalability of Ethereum 2.0. The next phase was 1.5 which saw a merger between the proof-of-work mechanism with the proof-of-stake chain through a bridge enabled between the two blockchain environments.
In phase 2, the emphasis was laid on smart contract execution and cross-shard communication. Last but not least, Phase 3 saw the incorporation of other features that could be added to Ethereum 2.0. The first half-year of the launch of Beacon Chain saw 4.6 million stakings of ETH.
Crowd Sentiment towards ETH upgrades
The London Hard Fork upgrade was quite a talk of the crypto town before its launch. The five EIPs focused on combating the issues faced by Ethereum 1.0 indeed created a buzz around the crypto community. Experts believe that a boost in asset liquidity might occur due to the locking of ETH in Ethereum 2.0. The competition in lending and borrowing decentralized finance applications is to see increased competition from Coinbase, Binance, and other service providers.
Experts believe that users hiring crypto companies to manage their responsibilities as validators might increase. This is because a user by himself can earn up to 20% APR on the launch of Ethereum 2.0 and on the other hand he/she can earn up to 15% APR if the user wishes to leverage the staking services from crypto companies such as Binance and Coinbase.
Next steps of ETH
The Ethereum roadmap has considerably changed after the evolution of the beacon chain. The new changes have made the Ethereum blockchain more scalable and sustainable.
The withdrawals from the validator’s accounts are soon to be enabled as the merger has already taken place. A hackathon, called the Rayonism Hackathon will be run to see the viability of the new upgrade. It is expected to be delivered by the first quarter of 2022.
Summing it Up!
The Ethereum upgrade was the most anticipated update in the history of blockchain. For most of the developers, the biggest hurdle in the launch of Ethereum 2.0 was the launch of the Beacon chain.
However, the successful launch after so many delays was warmly accepted by the Ethereum network users and validators. The PoS mechanism has indeed opened up new pathways for Ethereum to develop more decentralized applications (dApps) and reduce the threats it generally faces. The scalability and security of the upgraded Ethereum network have indeed come as a boon for the network when its counterparts are soaring the crypto sky.
The switch from PoW to PoS has never taken place for any blockchain as big as the Ethereum network. Experts believe that the London hard Fork has more to offer than perceived. The question remains if the promises made by this upgrade will be realized to their maximum extent.
That was all that you needed to know about the London Hard Fork of Ethereum. Stay updated with everything happening around the crypto world with CoinDCX. Start your crypto journey today with India’s safest and easiest investment app, CoinDCX. Still, confused about a few terms from the blockchain industry? Deep dive with DCXLearn, a complete and free blockchain, and cryptocurrency course.
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(Beirut) – Saudi authorities have arrested two independent human rights advocates, most likely because of their peaceful activities, Human Rights Watch said today. The arrests of Essam Koshak, 45, and Ahmed al-Musheikhis, 46, are the latest in Saudi Arabia’s ongoing repression campaign against peaceful activists, reformers, journalists, and writers. Saudi authorities also recently banned Jamal Khashoggi, one of the country’s most prominent journalists, from publishing any of his writings in the country.
The Saudi authorities usually try such activists in flawed trials and sentence them to lengthy jail terms on vague charges related to the peaceful exercise of free expression. Saudi authorities should disclose the reasons for the detention of Koshak and al-Musheikhis and, in the absence of any recognizable crime, should release them immediately, Human Rights Watch said.
“Arrests of peaceful advocates show that Saudi Arabia has no intention of allowing the best and brightest of Saudi citizens to express reform-oriented opinions or of moving the country toward tolerance and progress,” said Sarah Leah Whitson, Middle East director at Human Rights Watch. “King Salman should put an end to this sustained assault on free expression, free all peaceful activists and writers, and allow them to contribute to the much-needed advancement of the country.”
Koshak is an independent activist and computer engineer who has used social media sites such as Twitter to push for human rights in Saudi Arabia, including highlighting the repression of peaceful activists and dissidents and advocating their release. Local activists told Human Rights Watch that on January 8, 2017, Saudi Arabia’s Criminal Investigation Department summoned Koshak to a police station in Mecca’s Mansour neighborhood for questioning, without giving a reason, and detained him when he arrived. He is in Mecca General Prison. The activists said on January 10 that authorities have not allowed Koshak to appoint a lawyer and extended his detention for four days.
Al-Musheikhis is a founding member of the Adala Center for Human Rights, based in Saudi Arabia’s Eastern Province. He has advocated the release of political dissidents and human rights defenders imprisoned solely for their peaceful advocacy and pushed for criminal justice reform. He has also campaigned for fair treatment of Saudi Shia citizens detained since 2011 over protests calling for an end to government discrimination against the country’s Shia minority. The local activists said that police in the Eastern Province town of Qatif summoned al-Musheikhis on January 5, without giving a reason and detained him when he arrived. They later transferred him to the Bureau of Investigation and Prosecution in Dammam for investigation. He is in Dammam General Prison.
“These men should be regarded as the champions of the Saudi Arabia the whole world wants to see, not treated like outlaws,” Whitson said.
While Saudi authorities have not disclosed the reasons for the detentions, they fit a pattern of ongoing repression against peaceful advocates and dissidents, including harassment, intimidation, smear campaigns, travel bans, detention, and prosecution.
The ban on Khashoggi was imposed in November 2016, after he criticized Donald Trump at a presentation in Washington, DC, on November 10. On November 18, the Saudi Press Agency stated that Khashoggi does not represent the government of Saudi Arabia.
Saudi courts have convicted at least 25 prominent activists and dissidents since 2011. Many faced sentences as long as 10 or 15 years and most faced broad, catch-all charges designed to criminalize peaceful dissent, such as “breaking allegiance with the ruler,” “sowing discord,” “inciting public opinion,” “setting up an unlicensed organization,” and vague provisions from the 2007 cybercrime law.
Since 2014, Saudi authorities have tried nearly all peaceful dissidents in the Specialized Criminal Court, Saudi Arabia’s terrorism tribunal.
Authorities have arrested and prosecuted nearly all activists associated with the Saudi Civil and Political Rights Association (ACPRA), one of Saudi Arabia’s first civic organizations, which called for broad political reform in interpretations of Islamic law. A Saudi court formally dissolved and banned the group in March 2013. The members faced similar vague charges, including disparaging and insulting judicial authorities, inciting public opinion, insulting religious leaders, participating in setting up an unlicensed organization, and violating the cybercrime law.
Saudi activists and dissidents currently serving long prison terms based solely on their peaceful activism include Waleed Abu al-Khair, Mohammed al-Qahtani, Abdullah al-Hamid, Fadhil al-Manasif, Sulaiman al-Rashoodi, Abdulkareem al-Khodr, Fowzan al-Harbi, Saleh al-Ashwan, Abdulrahman al-Hamid, Zuhair Kutbi, and Alaa Brinji. Saudi authorities arrested another activist, Issa al-Nukheifi, in December 2016, and he may face trial. Others, including Abdulaziz al-Shubaily and Issa al-Hamid, are free while appealing long sentences handed down by the Specialized Criminal Court in 2016. Mohammed al-Oteibi and Abdullah Attawi are currently on trial for forming a human rights organization in 2013.
The Arab Charter on Human Rights, which Saudi Arabia has ratified, guarantees the right to freedom of opinion and expression in Article 32. The United Nations General Assembly’s Declaration on the Rights of Human Rights Defenders states that everyone has the right, individually and in association with others, to “impart or disseminate to others views, information and knowledge on all human rights and fundamental freedoms.”
“Outlandish sentences against peaceful activists and dissidents demonstrate Saudi Arabia’s complete intolerance toward citizens who speak out for human rights and reform,” Whitson said. “Saudi Arabia shouldn’t be sending people to prison for their peaceful opinions, and these cases certainly have no business in a terrorism court.”
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Who is Lancashire and South Cumbria NHS Foundation Trust?
Lancashire and South Cumbria NHS Foundation Trust provides health and wellbeing services for a population of around 1.8million people. The services provided include community services such as health visiting, podiatry, and dentistry as well as inpatient and community mental health services.
This page tells you what we do with the information that we collect and hold about you and why we might need to share it with other organisations involved in the delivery of your care.
Why do we collect information about you?
As a public authority providing healthcare the Trust has a legal justification to collect and use information about our service users for direct healthcare purposes.
It is important that our staff know as much about your mental and physical health as possible so that we can give you appropriate care and attention. Our aim is not to be intrusive, and we won't ask irrelevant or unnecessary questions. We ask you for information so that we can keep your details accurate, relevant and up to date, and to give you the best treatment available.
If your details change you should let a member of your healthcare team know as soon as possible. The Trust encourages you to be the 'guardian' of your own safety by providing this information.
What will we collect?
- Basic details such as name, address, date of birth, next of kin and contact details including phone number and email address, where applicable. Text and email will only be used with your consent.
- Details of your family, relatives and carers
- Details about you such as racial or ethnic origin, gender, occupation, lifestyle and social circumstances, religion or similar belief
- Current health problems and any contacts that we have had with you, old and new
- Visual images, personal appearance and behaviour
- Notes and reports about your health, treatment and care and results of investigations and tests
- Offences and alleged offences, criminal proceedings, outcomes and sentences
- Sexual life
- Any relevant information from other health and social care professionals, who are, or have been, involved in your care including General practices (GPs), Acute hospitals, Ambulance services, Clinical Commissioning Groups, Dental, Community, Pharmaceutical and Mental Health Services, Walk-in Centres, Nursing Homes, and many others including family and carers.
- Information may be collected from other non-NHS organisations with whom you may also be receiving care such as social care organisations and partner services e.g. Alzheimer's Society, Mind and Local Authorities.
Information about you may also be needed for the following reasons:
- To ensure that our services meet your needs
- To assist staff to review the care that they provide and to ensure that it is of the highest standard
- To investigate complaints or legal claims
- To ensure that the Trust receives funding from its commissioners to pay for your care
- To prepare statistics on NHS performance in order to manage, improve and extend the services we are able to provide to you
- To prevent or detect fraud and corruption in the use of public funds
- In some cases phone calls may be recorded for training and information purposes
- When information is used for statistical or financial purposes, strict measures are taken to ensure that you cannot be identified from your information. You have the right to withhold information unless the law requires us to obtain it
Who will you be seen by?
Whilst in our care you will be seen by a range of health and/or social care professionals and support workers. They will keep records which may be written and/or held on computer about your health and the treatment that you receive from them. This may include Doctors, Nurses, Dentists, Pharmacists, Counsellors, Psychologists, Psychiatrists, Occupational Therapists, Podiatrists, Health Visitors, Healthcare Assistants, District Nurses, Social Workers, Professional Assistants and Administrative staff.
Sharing your information with relatives, partners, carers and friends
Relatives, partners, carers and friends will be kept up to date about the progress of your treatment only if you have agreed to this and a record has been made of this agreement. If you change your mind this agreement can be withdrawn and your new decision will be recorded.
If an individual lacks capacity to consent to the collection or sharing of their information or making a request for access to their health record, then a decision may be made either by a health/social care professional or someone else appointed to act on their behalf.
Information may also be shared when a legal order is in place e.g. Power of Attorney, Guardianship or Court Orders.
Sharing your information
We sometimes need to share the personal information we process with yourself as a service user and also with other organisations What follows is a description of the types of organisations we may need to share some of the personal information we process with for one or more reasons.
- healthcare, social and welfare organisations
- suppliers, service providers, legal representatives
- auditors and audit bodies
- educators and examining bodies
- survey and research organisations
- professional advisers and consultants
- business associates
- police forces
- security organisations
- central and local government
- voluntary and charitable organisations.
National Fraud Initiative
This authority is under a duty to protect the public funds it administers, and to this end may use the information you have provided on this form for the prevention and detection of fraud. It may also share this information with other bodies responsible for auditing or administering public funds for these purposes. For further information contact your Local Anti-Fraud Specialist:
Telephone: 0151 285 4714
Protecting Children and Young people's personal data
Children and young people's data is afforded the same rights and protection as the data collected from Adults. Children and young people are considered vulnerable group and therefore the Trust and others involved in their healthcare will always treat their data fairly and ensure that it is kept safe and secure.
When using or sharing children's or young person's data, we will always ensure that there is a legal reason for doing so or where relevant ask for their explicit consent.
In the UK and under GDPR, consent to care and treatment is required for children and young people under the age of 13 from whoever holds parental responsibility. Regular checks will be made to verify the age of the child or young person. However, a child under the age of 13 may be able to consent on their own behalf if a clinician has assessed and documented that the person is capable of making decisions for themselves.
Children and young people over the age of 13 can provide consent themselves provided that they are capable. We will make sure that the child or young person understands what they are consenting to.
Regardless of age, every person has a right to privacy and confidentiality. If a young person asks a health professional to keep their information confidential, even from those who hold parental responsibility, then that wish will be respected, unless there is a lawful reason to override this protection.
In the event that the Trust provides online information services to children and young people consent for the use of an online service will be obtained from people 13 years old and over. Parental consent will be obtained for the use of online information services for children who are under the age of 13.
Closed Circuit Television (CCTV)
We use CCTV systems at Trust sites for prevention of criminal activity and to reduce fear of crime for Trust staff and service users. The use of CCTV systems is covered by the Trust Closed Circuit Television Policy which adheres to the relevant legislation and codes of practice, including Data Protection legislation. The Trust ensures that the use of CCTV is publicised by appropriate signage and service users will be advised of any such use in clinical areas and on wards.
Information about a person's previous gender is subject to the current Gender Recognition Act. Personal data about a person's previous gender will only be shared with the service user's explicit consent.
More information on this can be found in the Interim Gender Protocol on the NHS England website.
Records Retention and Disposal
We will keep your records safe and secure and store them for the period outlined in the NHS Records Management Code of Practice retention schedule.
For healthcare purposes, and particularly mental health and children and young people's health records, these records need to be kept for long periods of time and remain available to access. Consequently, it is unlikely that a record or information contained in the record will be erased or deleted if such a request is made.
Following the retention period the record will be confidentially destroyed.
How we keep your information confidential and secure
Everyone working for the NHS has a legal duty to keep information about you confidential and secure. We do this by using secure technologies and following safe practices.
You may be receiving care and support from other organisations as well as the Trust, such as Social Services or your GP. On these occasions, we may need to share some information about you so that your care can be delivered to the highest and safest standard. We only use or pass on information about you if the organisation involved has a legitimate need for it and it is authorised for specific purposes.
Any organisation that receives information from the Trust is also bound by a legal duty of confidentiality under the General Data Protection Regulations (GDPR). An information sharing agreement is often in place with those organisations to ensure that it is kept confidential and secure.
We do not disclose information to third party organisations e.g. housing, without your written permission.
Occasionally there are exceptional circumstances that mean we may have to share your information, such as when you or someone else is at significant risk of harm, or where the law requires such information to be disclosed, e.g. for the prevention or detection of a crime.
How the NHS and Care Services work together and the National Data Opt Out
The Trust is one of many organisations working in the health and care system to improve care for service users and the public. Whenever you use a health or care service, such as attending Accident and Emergency or using Mental Health or Community Care services, important information about you is collected to help ensure you get the best possible care and treatment.
The information collected about you when you use these services can also be provided to other approved organisations, where there is a legal basis, to help with planning services, improving care provided, research into developing new treatments and preventing illness. All of these help to provide better health and care for you, your family and future generations. Confidential personal information about your health and care is only used in this way where allowed by law and would never be used for insurance or marketing purposes without your explicit consent.
You have a choice about whether you want your confidential information to be used in this way. If you are happy with this use of information you do not need to do anything. You can change your choice at any time.
To find out more about the wider use of confidential personal information and to register your choice to opt out if you do not want your data to be used in this way, visit the NHS Digital website. If you do choose to opt out you can still consent to your data being used for specific purposes.
Research and Planning
Why we do research
Research in the NHS helps to improve public health and patient care - it's how we improve treatments and pathways in the NHS and make a real difference to people's lives. The Research and Development department here at Lancashire and South Cumbria NHS Foundation Trust is recognised as a leading centre for research, with more than 100 projects recruiting here each year. Our research links closely with secondary care, mental health and community healthcare to ensure patients and their wellbeing are at the heart of everything we do. It covers all types of studies ranging from early stage developments of new treatments to large scale population-wide studies. It means patients have access to some of the most cutting edge treatments
The use of information for research
Some research will require your direct involvement (especially if taking part in clinical trials) in which case the circumstances will be fully explained to you and your express consent will be required. If you do not consent, then you will not be included in the research and trial. Sometimes, researchers need access to individual medical files. Before this can happen, the researchers must present their case before an ethics committee to check that their research is appropriate and worthwhile. On rare occasions, it is impractical to contact individuals for their consent, in which case the researchers must make their case before an ethics committee to show that there is enough benefit to the public at large to justify this.
Disclosures may be permitted under section 251 of the NHS Act 2006. This allows the Secretary of State for Health to set aside the common law duty of confidentiality in special circumstances. This has to be to improve patient care or in the public interest, such as for important medical research. Applications for approval to use Section 251 powers are considered by the Confidentiality Advisory Group (CAG) who will advise whether there is sufficient justification to access the requested confidential patient information. Examples of this, used in the short-term until other measures can be put in place are risk stratification and invoice validation.
How can you access your information?
If you would like to know more about the information we hold about you and what we do with that information, please ask the health or social care professional that you are seeing or a member of their team.
You can ask the following:
- What personal information do we hold on you?
- What is it used for?
- Who has it been shared with?
- How long it will be kept?
You are entitled to access your health records under the provisions of the General Data Protection Regulations (GDPR) and Data Protection Bill 2018. This is known as a Subject Access Request (SAR). Unless the request is complicated or involves a large volume of information copies will be provided free of charge.
SARs are managed in accordance with the Trust Access to Records Policy. Your information will be reviewed first by a healthcare professional to ensure that what we send you will not cause upset or distress to your wellbeing. We will also check that the information we send you does not contain information you are not entitled to see.
You are only entitled to your own personal data, and not to information relating to other people (unless the information is also about you or you are acting on behalf of someone).
Subject Access Requests can be made as follows
- On an informal basis, as part of the care process we can go through your record with you (by you requesting to view your record with a health professional.)
- On a formal basis, by you requesting in writing a copy of the record. You can also contact the Health Records Advisor via the Trust headquarters.
Who helps protect your information?
The Trust is committed to looking after your personal information and it is the responsibility of all staff throughout the organisation to make sure of this.
The Trust employs specific roles to provide leadership and direction to ensure accountability and transparency to support compliance with Data Protection law.
These roles include:
The Trust is required to have a Caldicott Guardian. The Caldicott Guardian is a senior health professional appointed to ensure that the information of service users is handled in a confidential manner by the Trust and enabling appropriate information sharing. The Caldicott principles are incorporated into the NHS Code of Practice.
Senior Information Risk Owner (SIRO)
The SIRO is an Executive Director in the Trust with overall responsibility for managing organisational information risk and putting strategies in place to control the identified risks.
Data Protection Officer (DPO)
Under the General Data Protection Regulations (GDPR) all large public authority organisations such as Lancashire Care are legally required to employ a Data Protection Officer. This person is responsible for providing advice and guidance to staff and the Trust Board on aspects of the Data Protection law and related regulation and codes of practice.
The Trust Data Protection Officer is Michelle Brammah.
The DPO can be contacted via the following means:
Telephone: 01772 695 387
Address: Ribble House, Meanygate, Bamber Bridge, Preston, PR5 6UP
General Data Protection Regulations (GDPR): Your rights regarding your healthcare information
The GDPR provides the following rights for individuals:
The right to be informed
All Service users have the right to be informed about the collection and use of their information including the reasons for processing the data, how long the information will be held for and who it will be shared with.
The right of access
Service users have the right to access their personal data.
The right to rectification
Service users have the right to request that inaccurate personal information be corrected, or completed if it is incomplete. All requests to amend the information contained in your health record will be considered, and you will be informed of the decision. However, due to the nature of healthcare records we have the right to refuse amendments to your record. You will be informed of the reasons behind this decision.
If there has been a misdiagnosis in the record then the record will be updated with the correct diagnosis. Where an opinion is included this can be difficult to dispute, the record should acknowledge that this is an opinion. In some cases a statement may be added to your record to rectify the information.
Services users have the right to request a restriction in processing whilst accuracy checks are ongoing.
The right to erasure
Also known as the right to be forgotten, this right only applies in certain circumstances and is generally not applicable for healthcare records. This is because health and care service providers need an accurate record in order to provide further treatment.
This right does apply in cases where the Trust is using your consent to process your data for non-direct healthcare purposes including research and planning.
The right to restrict processing
Service users have the right to request we restrict the processing of their data where they have contested the accuracy of their data or feel that their data has been unlawfully processed.
This restriction will only be temporary whilst a decision about rectification or lawful processing is being made.
The right to data portability
The right to data portability allows individuals to obtain and reuse their personal data from certain organisations for their own purposes across different services. Initiatives such as this allow individuals to view, access and use their personal consumption and transaction data to help understand spending habits and find a better deal.
This right only applies where consent has been used for the processing of your information or where there is automated decision making processes in place. Therefore this does not apply with healthcare records held by the Trust.
The right to object
Individuals have the right to object to the processing of their data in a number of different circumstances, in particular profiling, direct marketing and processing for purposes of scientific/historical research and statistics.
Organisations must stop processing the personal data unless they can demonstrate compelling legitimate grounds for the processing. With regards to healthcare LSCft has to process service users data in order to provide treatment. This means that service users cannot exercise their right to object to LSCft processing their data for healthcare purposes.
Rights in relation to automated decision making and profiling
The GDPR has rules in place to protect individuals where organisations are carrying out automated decision making. This is where a decision is made solely by automated means with no human involvement. This also includes profiling. Profiling evaluates certain things about an individual. The Trust does not use processes which include solely automated decision making or profiling.
Service users have the right to lodge a complaint with the Trust's Data Protection Officer or Hearing Feedback team if they feel that their information is not being processed, stored or shared in accordance with the General Data Protection Regulations (GDPR).
They can be contacted via email:email@example.com
If you are not satisfied with the Trust's response you can lodge a complaint with the Information Commissioners Office (ICO).
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The Shakespeare Conference: SHK 19.0658 Tuesday, 18 November 2008
Date: Friday, 14 Nov 2008 13:18:17 -0600
Subject: 19.0648 All-Male Romeo and Juliet at the Shakespeare Theatre
Comment: RE: SHK 19.0648 All-Male Romeo and Juliet at the Shakespeare Theatre
Felix de Villiers writes, "The failure of Romeo and Juliet to abscond seems
plausible to me," and then offers several cogent reasons why. I agree. They are
trapped by circumstances. If they wait, Juliet is likely to be married off at
any moment -- and so might Romeo, for that matter. But if they marry, where can
they go? If they merely run off, what's to stop her father from sending men out
to find them, murder Romeo, and carry her back (now a widow and back on the
I used to think that Romeo could have just brought her home with him, but some
recent remarks on this list have made me question this idea. How can he be sure
that his father will welcome the daughter of his hated enemy into the family? If
he doesn't, they're really up a tree.
Obviously, their rationality is badly short-circuited by their emotional
attachment, and they are only teenagers to begin with, but, as Villiers points
out, they are given no time to plan a strategy. They've hardly consummated their
marriage before Romeo gets involved in the fracas with Tybalt and has to flee
the city. Perhaps it would have been smarter for Juliet to go along, but there
are great difficulties and dangers to her doing so that people don't seem to
take into account. They hold back -- perhaps wisely -- and then pay the price of
their parents' vicious egotism.
Verona in the 16th century is a much realer place than Athens in a hazy,
legendary past where Hermia and Lysander can hope to run off through the woods
to safety and happiness.
S H A K S P E R: The Global Shakespeare Discussion List
The S H A K S P E R Web Site <http://www.shaksper.net>
DISCLAIMER: Although SHAKSPER is a moderated discussion list, the opinions
expressed on it are the sole property of the poster, and the editor assumes no
responsibility for them.
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Asking the right questions will help ensure every buyer will pick the best home inspector.
When you’re making one of the largest investments of your life, it is important that you use a well-qualified professional to do your inspection, even if you pay a little extra.
Inspectors are like golfers, they have different levels of skills.
Here’s The Questions You Should Ask ?
Does The Inspector Belong To Any Professional Organizations?
Professional Organizations are the main way that most inspectors enhance their education. They help inspector keep up with the new and current codes, as well as, changes in construction and technology.
Ask the inspector if he belongs to any of the following professional organizations. Some professional inspectors will belong to one or more organizations. Usually these organizations will have specific requirements in order to belong to that organization, as well as, continuing education requirements (such as 30 hours of continuing education per year). Having educational requirements is very important in keeping inspectors up-to-date and sharp. Below is an example of 3 national professional organizations and one of the state organizations.
- ASHI – American Society of Home Inspectors
- NACHI – National Association of Certified Home Inspectors
- NAHI – National Association of Home Inspectors
- CREIA – California Real Estate Inspection Association; an example of a state professional organization.
Do An Online Search of Professional Organizations Websites
Most professional inspector organizations have websites that list the inspectors that belong to it. Often you can search by Zip codes, names, etc. The websites may also provide additional information about their standards and education requirements for an inspector to belong to that organization.
Check The Inspectors Experience And Back-Ground
The back ground and experience of an inspector is one of the questions that would be wise to ask about.
- How many inspections has the inspector done?
- How many years have they been doing home inspections?
- Does the inspector have any construction or engineering background. If so, what?
- Has he taken any inspection courses or attended any inspector training schools.
Remember – Inspectors are usually happy to tell you about their back ground and experience’s. Who doesn’t like to talk about themselves?
Check the Inspectors References
Asking for references on some who will perform such an important inspection is wise. The more you know about someone, the more you can judge there capabilities. Just asking for their references is only half of it – you need to call them.
It’s Important to Know The “Standards of Practice” And “Code of Ethics”
Ask the inspector what “Standards of Practice” and “Code of Ethics” that he follows when he does his inspection. You may want go to that Professional Organization website and read the “Standards of Practice.” You will be surprised about how many things a home inspection covers, as well as what it doesn’t. Note that some states will also have their “Standards of Practice.”
License – What Type Does The Inspector Have
Is the inspector licensed? If so, what type of license does the inspector have? Check to see if your state requires a license to be a home inspector.
Roughly 40% of the states require a license to be a home inspector; the rest do not. For example, in California, the largest state in the US, does not require a home inspector to be licensed.
If your state does, ask if the inspector is he licensed. Also, most states have a website where the license can be verified.
“Licensed” verses “Certified” Inspector
What is the difference? Generally a license will be issued by a state; a “Certification” is generally issued by a professional organization such as ASHI or NACHI. Inspectors may be both licensed and “Certified” in the states that issues licenses
Agents, Friends, Family and Co-workers May Know a Good Inspector
Checking with others about inspectors that they have worked with or know about can provide good information on an inspector. What they say, may be good or bad. Checking out their recommendations is not a bad idea. Also, Yelp and other social websites may have comments.
Agents are often a good source to consult with when looking for an inspector. They will often know several and tell you the good and bad points about the inspectors. Asking them for the names of three inspectors that they may recommend is often a good source.
A word of caution, sellers may post bad things about an inspector because he discovered negative things about their home; or buyers may post negative things because they didn’t understand the scope of work or limitations of the inspection.
Look At A Sample Inspection Report
There is no standard format in the inspection industry and no standard governmental layout or form that home inspectors must use. Therefore, asking the inspector to see a couple of his inspection reports will give you an idea of what yours will look like. The more through the report the better.
Photo’s: Reports with photo’s may help put things into a better perspective and help you better understand some of the issues, than reports without photos. Most people like to see photos.
Hearing that there is exposed electrical connections in the attic can sound quiet scary. Once you see the photos, you can see how easy it may be to fix. Simply adding a $1 electrical J-Box cover may fix the problem.
Will The Inspector Do a Summary At The End Of The Inspection Or Walk Around And Show You Any Significant Issues?
Having the inspector do a short summary may help you better understand what’s important, if anything, or help you decide whether there is anything that you would like to check into further.
Inspectors will often carry insurance. They may carry liability insurance incase their ladder falls on a car while they’re looking at the roof or they accidently crack a window when opening it. They may also carry E&O insurance should they miss an important item that they should have reported or if they get sued because of a frivolous lawsuit.
Does The Inspector Have a Website – Go To It !
Most home inspectors have a website. Take a few minutes and surf the site, and you will probably learn more about the inspector, his experiences and credentials.
Has the Inspector Inspected Homes Like Yours In The Area
Inspectors may only inspect certain type of properties or may inspect many types; i.e. condo’s, mobile or manufactured homes, log cabins, single family residences. Is the home you are buying, one that the inspector has experience in inspecting? Satisfy yourself that he inspects structures like the one you’re buying on a regular bases.
Speak With the Inspector
Most of us prefer to work with someone that we like or feel comfortable with. When there is a comfortableness between two people, the more easily information flows. If you don’t feel comfortable; consider finding an inspector that you do feel comfortable with.
If The Seller Or Agent Has Disclosed A Problem – Will the Inspector Look At It?
At times the seller or agent may have made disclosure about issues with the home being purchased. If there is something in the disclosure(s) that is not clear or that you want more information about, then is this something that the inspector will look at during his inspection? Don’t be afraid to ask him if he will or if it is within his ”Scope of Work.” Inspectors are happy to answer this for you.
The Bottom Line
You have a lot at stake, so take your time and pick a good inspector. The home inspector is one of the most critical persons in your purchase of a home. He provides a tremendous amount of information about the True Condition of the home you’re buying. No one want’s to buy a “Money Pit.”
Do yourself a favor and pick a good inspector, even if you pay a few extra dollars.
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In this photograph taken on February 6, 2020, a employee of the Songyo Knitwear Factory in Pyongyang creates masks for defense towards the new coronavirus.
KIM Gained-JIN | AFP through Getty Illustrations or photos
North Korea has reportedly quarantined 380 foreigners as portion of attempts to prevent the coronavirus outbreak.
The vast majority of individuals quarantined are assumed to be diplomats stationed in the money city of Pyongyang, Yonhap news company described Monday, citing state media in North Korea.
It was not immediately apparent how extensive the quarantine period would previous, when the nationalities of those people in isolation have not nevertheless been revealed.
The Earth Overall health Firm (WHO) has formerly explained it has experienced no indication of COVID-19 acquiring unfold to North Korea.
The virus, which initial emerged in China late last 12 months, has due to the fact spread to extra than two dozen countries. The WHO has declared the outbreak a world health and fitness unexpected emergency.
On Monday, China’s Nationwide Health and fitness Commission documented an more 409 circumstances of the coronavirus, with 150 deaths. That provides the total quantity of confirmed bacterial infections to 77,150, with 2,592 fatalities nationwide.
South Korea, which has noted the best amount of instances outside China, has confirmed much more than 763 cases of the coronavirus nationwide, with a full of 7 fatalities. The region is divided from North Korea by the so-termed demilitarized zone (DMZ), which is around 154 miles long and 2.5 miles huge.
Italy has described the highest number of cases in Europe, with a lot more than 150 verified infections of the lethal flu-like virus.
What is going on in North Korea?
As portion of initiatives to reduce the spread of the coronavirus, North Korea has reportedly intensified health care checking and testing actions on those who have returned from overseas journey and individuals demonstrating “abnormal” signs or symptoms.
North Korea has also put steps in place to guarantee all foreigners coming into the place will have to be quarantined for a period of time of 30 days.
The isolated routine has frequently denied any confirmed cases of the coronavirus. That is despite worries North Korea would be vulnerable to an outbreak provided it shares a prolonged and porous border with China and lacks essential clinical supplies and infrastructure to cope with a rapid-spreading virus.
Late final week, North Korea canceled its Pyongyang Marathon amid heightened fears about COVID-19. The race experienced been scheduled to just take location in April.
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Southern California Coastal & Inland Valleys
Shows & Events
Huntington Botanic Garden Plant Sale
The grandaddy of all great plant sales will take place on Sunday, May 15, 10 a.m. to 4 p.m., at the Huntington Botanic Garden. You can choose from thousands of rare and unusual plants, including perennials, roses, camellias, succulents, tropicals, palms, herbs, trees, and shrubs. This year's sale will feature "Small Plants for Small Spaces." Admission is free. For info, call (626) 405-2100, or visit: http://www.huntington.org
Clever Gardening Technique
How Deep Does Your Watering Go?
To test how deeply your irrigation water is soaking, water for the usual length of time and then push a trowel into the soil to its full length. Push the soil clump to one side, or lift it out completely, and look at both the depth of the roots and the water line in the soil. It will be dark toward the lawn surface and lighter where it's dry. The water line should be just past the longest roots. If it's not this far down, replace the clump, water again, and test another spot until the water line is below the roots. Adding all these irrigation times together gives you the correct amount of time for each watering. Don't water again until two-thirds of the root length is again dry. This may mean that you can double the time between waterings, and the grass roots will not suffer during the really hot portion of the summer.
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| 0.924387
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miR-155 Dysregulation and Therapeutic Intervention in Multiple Sclerosis.
microRNAs play a fundamental role in the immune system. One particular microRNA, miR-155 plays a critical role in hematopoietic cell development and tightly regulates innate and adaptive immune responses in response to infection. However, its dysregulation, more specifically its overexpression, is closely associated with various inflammatory disorders. The purpose of this review is to consolidate how miR-155 underpins a variety of processes that contribute to the pathology of multiple sclerosis (MS). In particular, the impact of miR-155 is discussed with respect to human pathology and animal models. How miR-155 contributes to the activation of pathogenic immune cells, the permeability of the blood-brain barrier, and neurodegeneration in relation to MS is described. Many environmental risk factors associated with MS susceptibility can cause upregulation of miR-155, while many of the current disease-modifying treatments may work by inhibiting miR-155. From this review, it is clear that miR-155 is a realistic and feasible diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic target for the treatment of MS.
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The U.S. Department of Energy has just released a guide on funding energy-efficiency, water-efficiency and clean-energy projects. The guide, titled “Federal Finance Facilities Available for Energy Efficiency Upgrades and Clean Energy Deployment,” can be downloaded here. As the document states, “This guide provides a snapshot of the federal finance facilities available.”
The 60-page list covers programs within the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, the U.S. Small Business Administration, the U.S. Department of Transportation and the U.S. Department of the Treasury. This includes information and funding opportunities via the Clean Water State Revolving Fund, the Drinking Water State Revolving Fund, the PowerSaver Home Improvement Loans Pilot Program (upgrades to water heaters, solar and geothermal, etc.), the Public Housing Capital Fund (improvements via water efficiency) and the Multi-Family Housing Energy Efficiency Initiative (solar hot water systems).
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SUPTS. MEMO. NO. 44
March 1, 1996
|FROM:||William C. Bosher, Jr.
Superintendent of Public Instruction
|SUBJECT:||Emerging Literacy Workshops|
The Department of Education is pleased to announce three (3) regional workshops for supervisors, principals, teachers, and paraprofessionals who work with public school preschool and kindergarten programs. The workshops will focus on the conditions for literacy and ways in which early childhood teachers can ensure these conditions are appropriately presented in their classrooms. Extensive research has repeatedly identified the following conditions as essential for early literacy development: phonemic awareness, knowledge of letter-sound associations (phonics), and a rich print context/environment. Workshop presenters will share strategies to incorporate the sounds of language, rhyming words, vocabulary development, and phonics within rich print and oral language contexts. Kindergarten teachers should note that these conditions are reflected in the English Standards of Learning for kindergarten. Workshop participants will select from several concurrent sessions, including Feature Presentations of successful practices by fellow educators and Showcase Presentations of instructional programs, new technology-based programs, and other materials to support early literacy. There is no registration fee; however, priority will be given to those serving preschool programs with kindergarten educators being accepted as space is available. Lunch and refreshments will be provided at no cost to participants and certificates for recertification will be distributed at the close of the workshop. The workshops are scheduled from 9:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. on the following Saturdays: Supts. Memo. No. 44 Page 2 March 1, 1996 March 30, 1996 Rockingham County Turner Ashby High School April 27, 1996 Norfolk Berkley/Campostella Early Childhood Center May 4, 1996 Wythe County Spiller Primary School Registration materials will be sent to persons in your school division who have primary responsibility for the preschool programs and to each elementary school. Registration forms should be completed and returned to Ms. Pat Lankford (see the address on the registration form) by the appropriate deadline. For additional information you may contact Jenna Clayton at 804/786-2102 or Kitty Rodgers at 804/225-2662. WCBJr/pl Enclosure: A hard copy of this memo and its attachment will be sent to the superintendent's office Attachment: Supts. Memo. No. 44 EMERGING LITERACY WORKSHOP REGISTRATION FORM Name School Name and Address School Phone No. FAX Home Phone No. I wish to attend: Registration Deadline March 30, 1996 Rockingham County March 19, 1996 April 27, 1996 Norfolk April 12, 1996 May 4, 1996 Wythe County April 19, 1996 Program with which I work: My position within this program is: Virginia Preschool Initiative Teacher Early Childhood Special Education Paraprofessional/Assistant Title 1 Principal Even Start Supervisor/Administrator School Division Head Start Other Occupational Child Care Family Literacy/Adult Education School Division Migrant Program Special accommodations needed: Kindergarten Vegetarian meal Auditory assistance Other An agenda and directions will be sent with your confirmation letter. Please notify us of cancellations and/or substitutions as soon as possible. A waiting list will be maintained to fill cancellations. For information on space available after the registration deadline, please call Pat Lankford at (804) 225-3488. MAIL OR FAX THIS FORM TO: Ms. Pat Lankford Office of Elementary/Middle School Instruction Virginia Department of Education PO Box 2120 Richmond, VA 23218-2120 FAX: (804) 786-1703
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Questions & Answers
Questions & Answers: Images, Charts, Figures, Media
What we see when we view an image on screen or in print will always reflect the qualities of the output device as much as the original digital image. Different output sizes and different output devices will both affect the … Continue reading
If you rearrange your figures/tables or insert new ones between existing figures/tables, you will need to tell MS Word to “Update” your existing cross references to reflect the new sequence. To do this: Highlight all the text Right click the … Continue reading
If you paste an image into MS Word as a “Word Drawing”, MS Word does not recognize this as an image and will not be listed in the List of Figures. Cut the image and paste it as a jpg … Continue reading
I am having trouble cross-referencing my figures. Specifically, I want to include a range of figures in brackets to refer to. Ex. (Figure 1-4) Instead, I am getting (Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4) when I use the … Continue reading
Do you know how to fix the List of Figures/Tables? When I converted the file to PDF the word “Figure” or “Table” disappeared.
Make sure that you are using the latest version of Adobe Acrobat Pro. Some earlier versions of Acrobat Pro and some alternative PDF conversion programs do not convert all document elements correctly.
The problem I’m facing is that after I place my figures (PowerPoint format) into the body of the text and save the document, upon reopening the saved file, it says that the file is corrupt. I was wondering how I … Continue reading
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ďItís not the money. Itís not the fame. Itís the influence.Ē Clay Aiken
Pop music has changed the world. This genre is connected so closely to pop culture that every generation will be left with pieces of their individual era punctuated by bridges and choruses of pop music.
Oh my goodness! It sounds like Iím writing a thesis. Iím not. Iím writing to welcome you to BellaOnlineís new Pop Music Newsletter Ė Pop Talk.
Yes, pop music has indeed changed the world and will continue to make a mark with new artists, new music and visits to the past. The songs and artists in this category have proved that nothing is dead, no levy is dryópop melodies and lyrics are timeless.
We have a hard job. As fans of pop music, we are often left scratching our heads and ears over the abundance of artists, bands, and songs that are shuffled under one musical umbrella. We will see bands and artists come and go, sneak over to other categories and surprise us by sneaking back with new styles, band members and/or greatest hit albums. Our favorite artists might take a sabbatical or two to record a soundtrack, perform on Broadway or provide the back track for a television drama. We will wait because we love them. We just wonít always understand them.
That is what I want to do as your new Pop Music Editor. I want to see if we can go beyond the repeating list of pop songs played on the radio, the top 10 downloads, the MTV picks and what our friends and kids tell us is ďhotĒ. I want to look at and listen to the artists to find out what drives them and what almost stopped them.
I also want to talk to you. I want to know what you listen to, why you listen to it or why you donít. I love pop music. Iím not an expert. I shy away from experts and in music itís impossible to know everything. I might miss something, not because Iím lazy or not looking, but simply because there is so much to see and hear. You can help by telling me what you want to read and talk about.
I have listed a group of subjects on the siteóa beginnerís list if you will. This list includes such topics as American Idol, Concert Information, Fan Clubs, Myspace pages and even a section for fun pop music stuff. I intend to add more subjects. There are books about pop music to be reviewed, new fads and trends to discover and decipher as well as award shows to watch and discuss.
This is our site. You can keep up to date on the new features and subjects by subscribing to Pop Talk. I plan to publish this newsletter twice a month. There is a box at the bottom of the page where you can subscribe.
I know. You love music, you just donít love giving out your personal information, I understand. Donít worry, BellaOnline will not sell, trade, giveaway or lend your email to anyone. You wonít get spam, all you will get is this newsletter and when and if you decide you donít want to get it anymore, you can unsubscribe. Thatís it. Pop Talk on your time, your terms.
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"It is our job as parent and caregiver to shape, guide and educate without flattening their joyful selves,” says Miss Mona.
SAN LUIS OBISPO, Calif. (PRWEB) February 18, 2021
“This book is a sharing of years of practice in the 'trenches' with small humans who have come into this world with their own agenda. It is our job as parent and caregiver to shape, guide and educate without flattening their joyful selves,” says Miss Mona.
Mona K. Smith has worked with children for over 30 years and has been asked by parents for advice and guidance hundreds of times. Realizing that she could reach and help more parents and caregivers, Miss Mona created this book to provide useful strategies to families struggling with raising tiny humans.
To celebrate the release of her book, Miss Mona is holding a Virtual Book Launch Party on February 22, from 4–6pm PST. During the virtual event, Miss Mona will interview parents she has worked with and her children, who will share how her parenting techniques helped shape them into productive, well-adjusted adults. Miss Mona will also be sharing her parenting strategies during this virtual launch party.
Parents, grandparents and caregivers looking for helpful strategies can join the virtual Book Launch Party by visiting http://www.MissMonasBookLaunch.com.
About Mona K. Smith:
For nearly 30 years, Mona K. Smith has worked with hundreds of children and parents, providing guidance and support for families. She has a wealth of experience, knowledge and techniques that have helped parents create a peaceful home with happy, well-adjusted children. Mona teaches preschool in San Luis Obispo where she lives with her husband of 33 years, with whom she has raised 4 children.
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The New York Times claims that money matters are the key to wedded bliss in an article published last week. Consider a few quotes I found interesting:
Marrying a person who shares your attitudes about money might just be the smartest financial decision you will ever make. In fact, when it comes to finances, your marriage is likely to be your most valuable asset — or your largest liability.
Today, while most of us marry for romantic reasons, marriage at its core is still a financial union. So much of what we want — or don’t want — out of life boils down to dollars and cents, whether it’s how hard we choose to work, how much we consume or how much we save.
A lot of the debates people have about money are code for how we want to live our lives.
The rest of the article gives tips on how to get and stay on the same financial page as a couple, but they’re pretty much the same old “talk about your goals,” “enjoy responsibly,” and “maintain some independence” tips.
I think financial compatibility is either there or it’s not in many cases. If you are fighting a lot about “money” in actuality you are probably are disagreeing about goals, values, and priorities which can be a difficult mountain to overcome.
After reading this article it inspired me to write one of my own called “Financial Relationship Deal Breakers.” What do you think are important financial elements to take into account when choosing a lifelong partner? Or do you think it matters at all?
More from Meg at The World of Wealth
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Pronunciation: (pan'thē-on", -un or, esp. Brit., pan-thē'un), [key]
1. a domed circular temple at Rome, erected a.d.120–124 by Hadrian, used as a church since a.d.609.
2. (l.c.) a public building containing tombs or memorials of the illustrious dead of a nation.
3. (l.c.) the place of the heroes or idols of any group, individual, movement, party, etc., or the heroes or idols themselves: to earn a place in the pantheon of American literature.
4. (l.c.) a temple dedicated to all the gods.
5. (l.c.) the gods of a particular mythology considered collectively.
Pronunciation: (pän-tā-ôn'), [key]
a national monument in Paris, France, used as a sepulcher for eminent French persons, begun in 1764 by Soufflot as the church of Ste. Geneviève and secularized in 1885. Also called Panthéon' Fran•çais' Pronunciation: (frän-se'). [key]
Random House Unabridged Dictionary, Copyright © 1997, by Random House, Inc., on Infoplease.
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| 0.849934
| 282
| 2.765625
| 3
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Ultra responsible parents start saving for their children's college tuition the moment they're born. But how much do they need to save? Fidelity provides a really nice explanation. The numbers, however, are staggering.
Here's a chart from Fidelity:
This is simply incredible. These estimated mostly payments would run from a child's birth through his or her third year of undergraduate education -- about 21 years. The chart assumes a family's income will grow by 1.5% per year. It also already takes into account a healthy amount of financial aid through grants, scholarships, and family gifts.
Still, parents with a combined income of $55,000 would have to dedicate 9% of their pay to a 529 account. If their combined income is $100,000, then the payment is still 5.5%. If they have two kids, double that, and so on. Oh, and those percentages are of gross income. The families still need to pay their taxes, medical insurance, housing, food, and any other living expenses. They would also presumably want to be saving for retirement for those 21 years.
Obviously the burden is smaller for public universities, but it's still pretty significant. For a family with three kids that would mean around 10% of their income will need to be set aside in all three of these income segments.
The numbers above essentially shows that it's not likely many low- to middle-class families will have much ability to pay-in-full for their children's education if they all go to private universities. It would take incredible discipline, if it's realistic at all. Many may even struggle to fully save for the total cost of a public university. Whatever amount parents don't manage to put aside would fall on students' shoulders in the form of loans.
This is pretty bad news for their kids. Proactive saving by parents is cheaper than after-the-fact loans. The latter require paying interest as well, which means that the big balance due to the university becomes even more expensive than it would have been if paid beforehand.
As education continue costs rise, they are becoming outlandish. Although college is a valuable investment, at some point you have to wonder if the price is beginning to exceed the return. Why should it cost so much for professors to teach students about various academic disciplines?
(h/t: Bucks blog)
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| 0.984522
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The Faculty of Science and Information Technology at the Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, in its responsibility to keep up with the demand for new and advanced skills in the software engineering field in the local and regional market, established the Software Engineering Department, which received accreditation from the Ministry of Higher Education Special Accreditation in decision No. (1391) on 26/10/2005.
The Software Engineering major is considered a practical professional approach with the objective of achieving the development, operation, maintenance, and quality of software using the latest software tools. Software Engineering is classified as a branch of the Computer Science major, but it uses a practical approach in the development of software systems, instead of the theories and principles of computing, in the areas of industrial, productivity, medical, government, and business applications.
Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan continues to work on providing up-to-date teaching materials to be utilized by the competent and efficient faculty members in the fields of software. The department continuously seeks to update its curricula and study plans, as well as teaching tools, to keep up with new advances of information technology.
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| 0.944209
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Cloud computing has been touted as the perfect solution for our increasingly mobile life-style – everything we need is always online and always accessible.
The occasional warnings from security professionals about the need to ascertain the safety of the information in the cloud were taken in stride and responded with a too easily given avowal: “Trust us. It’s safe. We have experts that will resolve any problem.”
The latest attack on Google proves that no matter how many times one repeats the “It’s safe” mantra, it won’t make it so. Mike Elgan thinks that it’s time to stop and reevaluate this “headlong rush into the cloud”.
The Google incident showed us that the cloud is still uncharted territory, with enemies behind every rock. Until we know exactly what to expect, we should refrain from going forth.
The problem with Google is that it amasses a lot of crucial personal information about ourselves in one place: the content of our emails, our schedule, our location, our friends – just to name a few of the most basic things. Think about all the Google applications you use and you can extrapolate what kind of information Google knows about you.
Think now about what value that information has to your government (or an “enemy” government), marketers or financial services companies – and this is just a list of “legitimate” enterprises and institutions! What about criminals who could use this information to blackmail you or to impersonate you?
Acts of cyber espionage are quickly becoming an everyday occurrence, because knowledge equals power, and power and money go hand-in-hand.
The sheer amount of planning and research, intelligence-gathering and the employment of sophisticated techniques involved in the Google-China hacking incident should prove that there are people out there that are capable of such complex and time- and money-consuming operations.
So, the moral of this story is: Don’t put all your eggs in one basket. Don’t make it easy for someone to gain that much information about you just by accessing one set of records. Be vary of the cloud and of those who say it’s perfectly safe.
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Is your organization training for tomorrow’s performance and competitive challenges?
Training requires multiple types of learning capabilities in Live, Virtual, Constructive, and Gaming (LVC&G) environments. CALIBRE provides all levels of training enablers from individual skills training to top-level policy and requirements development for training systems.
CALIBRE provides industry-leading support and solutions to solve organizations’ most challenging training requirements.
Sustainable Training Range Management.
CALIBRE offers program development, budget formulation, execution tracking, and capital construction planning for ranges. Applying the newest and most innovative science, technologies, and resource management techniques is critical to reaching sustainable, effective solutions. Our partnerships with academic institutions and other companies, allow us to develop scientific capabilities for protection and sustainment of endangered and threatened species. Mitigation studies empower government agencies to develop and implement effective land management strategies.
Systems Thinking, Modeling, and Facilitation.
CALIBRE utilizes systems thinking to gain high-level understanding of interactions in complex systems — the “physics” of many interacting players. We engage organizations to experience the solution with live computer simulation to test ideas, anticipate problems, and determine what levers of control optimize system performance.
CALIBRE recognizes that constrained resources dictate a need for flexibility in the design and delivery of educational scenarios and tools. They include the design, development, and implementation of Interactive Multi-media Instruction (IMI) course materials; distributed learning and self-directed courses and lessons; and mission-training plans, videos, and other materials. Our experts have developed courseware that is compliant with the Shareable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM) and is fully functional across DoD distance learning platforms.
CALIBRE provides qualified subject matter experts using the latest doctrine and regulatory guidance to conduct initial, refresher, and advanced level training. These instructors conduct classroom and practical/hands-on lessons for basic, advanced, and executive courses using handbooks, training materials, and round-table discussions to reinforce principles. We develop and update course plans of instruction, lesson plans, practical exercises, and other materials. CALIBRE’s comprehensive curricula includes student materials, tests, exercises, and a variety of presentation techniques to improve learning. We conduct training at organizations’ sites and at our corporate facility.
Process and Data Modeling
CALIBRE’s process and data modeling provides organizations with the means to develop and test solutions, generate both consistency and repeatability across business units, and quantify actual requirements. Business Process Modeling (BPM) using simulation and facilitation is one of the cornerstone techniques CALIBRE uses in analyzing and selecting organizations’ requirements. Our business analysts use these models to gain an understanding of the current system and “paint a picture” of the solution. CALIBRE develops these models with stakeholders to enable better organizational awareness, resulting in a positive and sustainable impact on operations.
Training and Curriculum Development
CALIBRE designs, develops, and delivers standards-based curricula, and individual and classroom instruction to meet the ever-growing needs of government agencies and corporate organizations. CALIBRE offers training programs and design expertise on a wide range of subjects and disciplines developed using the Instruction Systems Design (ISD) model. We also provide instruction for commercial trades delivered through 170 International Training Institute centers and formal classroom instruction for the Working Capital Funds program.
Training Services Support
CALIBRE integrates live, virtual, constructive environments needed to train military and federal agency personnel by replicating the constantly changing operational environments across the conflict spectrum. We deliver networked, integrated, and interoperable training support to enhance training effectiveness. We offer expertise to support training information infrastructure; training aids, devices, simulators, and simulations (e.g., Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement Systems (MILES), Joint Pacific Multinational Readiness Capability (JPMRC)-Instrumentation System (IS)); training products (e.g., distance learning courseware), training facilities and land (e.g., Integrated Training Area Management, range sustainment and operations). CALIBRE supports training events and exercise development, collection and analysis of training data, and providing feedback to the training audience (e.g. JPMRC, and Joint National Training Capability (JNTC)). We offer these services across the institutional, self-development, and operational domains to enable a relevant training environment for Service members.
Value / Supply Chain Integration and Modeling
CALIBRE provides predictive models and planning solutions that integrate forecasts and planning levels for demand, supply, and distribution. Our proven inventory optimization processes support millions of unique part numbers providing the DoD with lower investment levels and higher satisfaction rates. CALIBRE uses these proven techniques to minimize wait time and increase demand satisfaction.
Using real-time data, such as lead times, inventory conditions and locations, transit times, loss rates, and fitments, we improve inventory management processes. Our procedures identify gaps, find inconsistent and missing data, apply statistical and analytical techniques to bridge the gaps, and solve data quality challenges. We understand how to find and leverage the right signals in the digital noise to optimize organizations’ performance.
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For example, Berg quotes Marlene Kennedy, who suggested in the Albany Times-Union in 2008 that SNAP (food stamp) participants take up gardening:
Rather than working hard to increase participation in food and nutrition assistance programs, why not try to reduce the need for such aid? Instead of spreading the word about food stamps to the urban poor, why not give them a way to grow their own food?Berg responds with a tart call to realism:
The idea that people should work in a community garden instead of getting food stamps is simply preposterous. SNAP is a vital safety-net program that makes a real difference in the lives of millions of Americans, providing mass sustenance in a way community gardens still have yet to achieve.... Saying that seasonal gardens can take the place of a year-round government safety net is ridiculous and counterproductive.On the other hand, Berg can also be rough on writers who are too narrowly realistic.
For example, many community food programs start small, but Berg disagrees with those who sneer at the small initial scale of such programs.
[J]ust as I rebuke food security theorists for glossing over the class-insensitive aspects of the movement, I must also chide my colleagues in traditional hunger organizations for too frequently looking down their noses at the community food security movement just because most of the projects are still small-scale. If anti-hunger advocates agree that such projects are helpful but believe their scale is too small to make a meaningful difference, the most logical response should be to work together to develop public policies to help them expand.So, using Berg's perspective, in which it is possible to be too naive, too realistic, or just right, I invite comments on the balance struck in several of the proposals in Berg's report.
A. A new $1 billion tax credit.
The president and Congress should authorize $1 billion in new, special tax credits for food-related businesses, contingent on their paying living-wage salaries to their employees, locating or staying in areas of particularly high unemployment, or providing affordable food to low-income Americans.B. The bully pulpit.
The president should use his “bully pulpit” to encourage private investments in food-related social innovation projects.C. A food access index.
USDA should develop a “food access index,” a new measure that takes into account both the availability and affordability of nutritious foods, and use this measure as another tool to judge the success of all the efforts it funds.D. $50 million in community food grants.
The president and Congress should increase the funding for the USDA Community Food Grant Program to $50 million, from its current $5 million level.Berg directs the New York City Coalition Against Hunger and is author of All You Can Eat: How Hungry Is America?
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The Library catalogue is a great place to start your search for information, but did you know we also have Library guides, specialised databases and other useful tools to help you with your research?
Library guides help you find specialised and subject specific databases, as well as links to relevant resources such as theses, websites, newspapers, statistics, legislation, government reports and images.
Library databases can be used if you’re looking for specialised information or want to conduct a more focused search. You can find databases relevant to your topic area in the Library guides. Each database will look different—use our Prepare to search tips and the ‘help’ function available on each database for assistance with searching.
The Library has tools to connect you to content the Library subscribes to. These tools are helpful when looking for resources online or if you want to browse journals on your phone or tablet.
Give these tools a try:
- LibKey Nomad—a browser extension that provides direct links to full text of articles
- Google Scholar—a search engine used to access full text articles; watch our video on using Google Scholar and follow the instructions on how to set up [email protected] links
- Browzine—an app to browse journals, read and download articles, and get alerts when new content is published.
Need help with researching or referencing?
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Fixing the Moral Deficit
A Balanced Way to Balance the Budget
|Available Formats||You Pay||You Save|
Fixing the Moral Deficit
"Ronald J. Sider's work is a breath of fresh air. Unlike many on the left, he takes our annual deficits and ever-growing debt seriously. Unlike some on the right, he is profoundly concerned about growing poverty and inequality. Combining insights from both sides, he thinks our debt amounts to an 'intergenerational injustice' but that balancing the budget 'on the backs of the poor' is 'also blatant injustice.'. . . Sider's thinking is generous throughout, perhaps his finest virtue in these trying times."
—Ryan T. Anderson, First Things, January 2013
"In a political culture arguably gone awry, Sider's succinct merger of religion and economics is well worth reading. If nothing else, Sider argues credibly and with clarity that by adopting a moral vision, the country can find an economic path that is both stable and humane."
—Publishers Weekly, February 13, 2012
"I read everything Ron Sider writes because he makes me think through angles and issues that I might not consider. He'll do the same for you."
—Rick Warren, author of The Purpose Driven Life
"Ron Sider always brings together rigorous policy analysis and sound biblical principles to address political, social and economic issues. Fixing the Moral Deficit is a penetrating description of our nation's budget battle and shows how to bring a strong Christian perspective to it. It explains how our country got into a deficit crisis, why current proposals simply aren't good enough, and how we can get out of it in critical areas—including increased tax revenue and necessary spending cuts—while continuing to assist and empower poor people. He believes that Christians and other people of goodwill can work together to end the crisis in a way that is both economically sound and morally just. I agree, and commend this book to anyone who shares Ron's passion for a healthy future. Deficits are indeed moral issues, and how we resolve them is a moral issue too."
—Jim Wallis, president and CEO, Sojourners
"For decades, Ron Sider has been helping Christians engage the political system without compromising our primary allegiance to Jesus and his cross. For years, Ron has been exorcising the demons from Capitol Hill and the Pentagon—and he invites us all to join the charge against the principalities and powers that possess our nation and threaten our hearts. Here is Ron's most recent masterpiece on one of the most urgent issues facing this experiment we call the United States of America."
—Shane Claiborne, author and activist, www.thesimpleway.org
"Thank God for this book! It gives the best survey of America's disastrous debt crisis, along with biblically based critiques of the options to resolve this crisis that are being proposed on Capitol Hill. What's more, Ron gives morally workable alternatives to these proposals."
—Tony Campolo, professor emeritus, Eastern University
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WHATS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A HUMIDIFIER AND A VAPORIZER? - YAHOO.
Best Answer: Humidifier is safer to use in a child’s room. Preferences for the humidifier and vaporizer vary among people, but knowing the difference between the two can make a purchasing decision easier. Q: Which is better to use when your child has a cold, a humidifier or a vaporizer? Best Answer: A humidifier is a household appliance that increases humidity (moisture) in a single room or in the entire home. A cool mist vaporizer is essentially a room-sized air humidifier. Does anyone know the difference between a vaporizor and a humidifier? Related Questions. What is the difference between a Cool Mist Humidifier and a Warm Mist Vaporizer? Vaporizer vs Humidifier A vaporizer or a humidifier can help reduce discomfort if your child is suffering from cold. 2 Responses to “what is the difference between humidifiers, steam inhalers and vaporizers? Whether it’s a humidifier or vaporizer is entirely up to you, but understanding the difference between the two can help you decide on which to purchase. Best Answer: A humidifier adds moisture to the air; great for winter time in cold areas. Top questions and answers about Difference between Humidifier and Vaporizer.
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A HUMIDIFIER AND A VAPORIZER.
Difference Between Vaporizer and Humidifier. A humidifier is a device that sends cool water into a room that is dry to increase the moisture level. Vaporizer Vs. Humidifier for Baby Allergies or cold symptoms are common amongst babies. and nitty gritties of using these appliances. Giving what is best for the children is the constant goal of every parent. This is of great concern even in the choice between a humidifier and a vaporizer. Which is better to use when your child has a cold, a humidifier or a vaporizer? What is the difference between a cool mist or a warm mist in terms of germs and bacteria? Find out the difference between a humidifier and a vaporizer and know about their pros cons. What's the difference between Humidifier and Vaporizer? what is the difference between humidifiers, vaporizers and steam inhalers?
HUMIDIFIERS VS VAPORIZERS - PREFERENCES FOR THE HUMIDIFIER AND.
It is surprising what a noticeable difference a little water can make! It is surprising what a noticeable difference a little water can make! What is the difference between a humidifier and a vaporizer? Best Answer: A humidifier is meant for daily use when you live in a dry climate or use the air conditioner/furnace all the time. Difference Between Humidifiers Vaporizers. Find detailed information about the difference between humidifiers and vaporizers, how they help relive cold symptoms and various other pros and cons. Best Answer: Okay, I read the other answers, and I don't think it's as complicated as all of that. If you do not know the difference between warm mist vaporizer vs humidifier, are not you alone. What is the difference between a vaporizer and a warm mist humidifier? Both warm mist humidifiers and vaporizers heat water to produce moisture. What is the difference between a vaporizer and a warm mist humidifier? I prefer a warm-air vaporizer to a cool-air humidifier for two reasons: Warm air is cleaner. of lint and germs, change the water daily and dry the vaporizer between uses.
PARENTING QUESTION AND ANSWERS - DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A VAPRIZER AND.
While a vaporizer works by heating water until it turns into hot steam, a humidifier creates a cool mist. Either one may help if your child has a cold. Both humidifiers vaporizers vs are effective when humidifying the air is needed. Humidifiers and vaporizers in the room can ease symptoms of various illnesses. Top picks when looking for a humidifier or vaporizer for your kids, which can help to treat cold symptoms and croup. What Is The Difference Between A Humidifier Vaporizer?
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E. Cobham Brewer 18101897. Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 1898.
Ancient ships had a castle, as may be seen in the tapestry of the House of Lords, representing the Spanish Armada. The term forecastle means before the castle. The Romans called the castled ships navs turritæ.
That part of the upper deck forward of the foremast In merchant ships, the forward part of the vessel, under the deck, where the sailors live.Dana: Seamans; Manual, p. 96.
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Things to See on The Hill
LANDMARKS IN WASHINGTON, DC
Capitol Hill might claim the world’s title for most landmarks per mile. Within its relatively small borders, the neighborhood boasts the headquarters of multiple branches of the United States government, the world’s largest library, a litany of governmental administrative offices, and much more. Each of these Washington, DC landmarks sits within just minutes of the Capitol Hill Hotel, making your stay — whether it’s for business or pleasure — simple and convenient.
United States Supreme Court
Located just a nine-minute walk away from the Capitol Hill Hotel, the U.S. Supreme Court serves as America’s highest court of law. The United States Supreme Court building itself, built in 1935, is a National Historic Landmark, boasting a sturdy Beaux-Arts base and an array of ornate sculptures and friezes throughout. The U.S. Supreme Court is accessible to non-government visitors who can watch the court’s proceedings Monday through Wednesday on a first-come, first-served basis.
United States Capitol Building
This iconic building, perched high atop Capitol Hill, is the principal home of the United States Congress. It sits at the point of intersection of the District of Columbia’s four main quadrants, with the city stretching out for miles in each direction from this epicenter. The neoclassical structure, opened in 1800, is known for its sprawling size and impressive dome. Aside from operating as one of the single most important buildings in America, the Capitol also offers guided tours for visitors.
U.S. Department of Education
One of the principal U.S. government offices located on Capitol Hill, the U.S. Department of Education building is approximately one mile away from the Capitol Hill Hotel. The department is located in the Lyndon Baines Johnson Department of Education Building and employs approximately 5,000 civil servants, overseeing the nation’s educational policies on a wide scale.
Library of Congress
The world’s largest library is located on a bucolic block, directly across from a row of stately brownstone homes — it’s a scene that sums up Capitol Hill perfectly. The Library of Congress operates as a research library, and only high-ranking members of the U.S. government are authorized to check out materials. Visitors are allowed onsite, however, making it a worthwhile stop for any American history enthusiast.
United States Department of Health and Human Services
Dedicated to “Improving the health, safety and well-being of America,” according to its official motto, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services is one of the most popular government agencies to visit when staying at the Capitol Hill Hotel, DC’s best extended stay hotel. The department’s main offices occupy a building on Independence Avenue SW, just a few minutes’ walk away from the hotel and directly across from the beautiful United States Botanic Garden.
Federal Aviation Association (FAA)
Located just down Independence Avenue from the Capitol Hill Hotel is the main office of the Federal Aviation Association (FAA). The FAA, which regulates America’s civil aviation industry, operates from its main offices just across the street from the Smithsonian Museum of Air & Space.
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As the events of September 11th fade in immediacy and new measures to fight terrorism are enacted, Americans are growing more concerned that anti-terrorism measures could lead to restricted civil liberties for all, according to a recent Times poll.
The use of ethnic profiling in the hunt for terrorists has become a particularly polarizing issue, but there is support for giving government broader powers to monitor phone, internet and wireless communications.
Very few members of the general public are making any sort of preparations against the threat of further terrorism--more than eight in 10 said they haven't made any effort to prepare, although one in 10 did say they've purchased a filter mask or gas mask.
Role of Government
The September 11th attack and subsequent events have had an impact on people's perception of government and its role in everyday life, the survey found. About half (51%) said what annoys them most about government today is that it doesn't do enough to protect citizens, compared to 23% who said government intrudes too much into private lives. African Americans in particular expressed annoyance with a government that doesn't protect its citizens--67% vs. 13% who said intrusion is more annoying.
Similarly, the idea that suicide hijackers responsible for the World Trade Center and Pentagon attacks were able to live hidden in the United States may be what has influenced the increase in the proportion of respondents who said that individuals or groups who abuse the freedoms we have are more dangerous than those who seek to limit freedoms. Fifty-seven percent said that abusers of freedoms are more dangerous while three in 10 named those who seek to limit them. By comparison, a June 1991 Times Poll survey found the country much more divided over this question--45% were more concerned about those who abuse freedoms while 48% thought those seeking to limit freedoms were more dangerous.
Anti-terrorism vs. Civil Liberties
Fifty-five percent of the public said they are very (18%) or somewhat (37%) concerned that steps taken to round up terrorists could end up restricting the civil liberties of the rest of us. Republicans* (46%) are less concerned about the issue than Democrats (62%), and whites (51%) less so than African Americans or Latinos (64% and 65% respectively.)
* Political party throughout this report will refer to the respondent's self-described party leanings, rather than voting habits or registration.
By comparison, a Times Poll survey taken just after the attack in September found six in 10 who said it would be necessary to give up some civil liberties in order to fight terrorism. (That figure was up twelve percentage points from a Times Poll survey taken April 1995, just after the Oklahoma City bombing.)
To further test support for controversial anti-terrorism proposals, the Times Poll asked questions about three types of measures that have either been proposed or already enacted and found a mixed range of opinion. The questions were previously asked in a Times Poll survey last September. What was found was that public support for extending the powers of law enforcement officials to tap phones and monitor wireless communications has increased somewhat over the last two months. Support for monitoring Internet communications such as e-mails has changed little but public opinion on the use of ethnicity to target possible terrorists for questioning has turned, leaving the country split on this issue.
The survey found Americans most supportive of the broadening of government powers to tap telephone lines and monitor wireless communications, including cell phones. By a 23 point margin, 59% to 36%, the public said it approves of this move and a third (34%) said they strongly approve. Support has broadened since this question was last asked by the Times Poll in September, when the margin of approval was 14 percentage points--54% to 40%.
There is less approval of broader wiretapping powers among African Americans (49%) than among either whites (61%) or Latinos (62%). Support is strong across the political spectrum although Republicans are slightly more approving (69%) than are Democrats (58%) or independents (59%.)
Younger people (18-29) are split on this issue. Nearly half (49%) of the younger group disapprove of broadening government powers to monitor phone communications compared to 46% who approve. Greatest approbation is found among those who are 45 to 64, two-thirds of whom approve of it, two in five approving strongly.
Monitoring Internet Communication
Less popular, but still garnering a bare majority of support is the idea of expanding government monitoring of electronic communication such as e-mail. Just about half (51%) of the public approve of government nosing in on personal Internet communications in its hunt for terrorists, while 44% don't approve. This level of support has remained steady since asked last September, when the Times Poll measured 50% approval vs. 45% disapproval.
Concern over monitoring Internet communications is highest among those who identify with the Democrats, with a slim majority (53%) of self-described liberal Democrats expressing disapproval of such measures. By comparison, 59% of self-described conservative Republicans approve. In fact, more than a third of all Republicans approve strongly of the idea, compared to three in 10 Democrats of all stripes who disapprove strongly.
A majority (56%) of younger people disapprove of expanding government monitoring powers and two out of five feel ardently about it. Older people are split 44% to 43% and the age groups between express majority support. Men tend to be more concerned than women, approving only by 48% to 48% disapproval while a 54% majority of women approve vs. 40% who do not. This issue also brings out some partisan divisions. Under half of Democrats (49% to 45%) and liberal Democrats (46% to 53%) approve, compared to nearly six in 10 Republicans (57% to 39%) and conservative Republicans (59% to 38%). Independents are in the middle at 50% to 46%.
Opposition to ethnic profiling has hardened over the last two months, the survey found. Americans are now nearly split over whether law enforcement should be allowed to stop people whose ethnicity resembles that of the terrorists. Forty-seven percent overall approve of law enforcement being able to detain possible terrorists based on ethnicity alone while 49% do not.
In the Times poll taken just after the attack, nearly seven in 10 respondents approved of ethnic profiling, including six in 10 African Americans. (Wording varied slightly in that survey.) Perhaps the shock of the attack has worn off some now, because the current survey found three out of five blacks disapproving of using ethnicity as a reason for stopping suspected terrorists. More than half of Latinos (53%) disapproved as well, while 51% of whites approved.
Republicans (and particularly the most conservative) on the other hand, approve of law enforcement's use of ethnic profiling in its search for terrorists. Nearly six in 10 Republicans said they approve of it and a third approve strongly. Sixty-three percent of conservative Republicans approve. On the other end of the scale, about the same proportion of liberal Democrats disagree with that assessment--six in 10 disapprove, and four in 10 disapprove strongly. Just over half of independents approve of giving law enforcement broader powers in this area.
Immigration and Visas
This survey found virtually no change since September's poll which showed 84% favoring tightened restrictions on visas for visitors and students from other countries. The same proportion in this survey favored making it more difficult for visitors to obtain visas.
Two-thirds said that the U.S. admits too many immigrants, compared to 27% who said we admit just the right number, and 2% think the number is too low. Latinos are split on this issue: 46% who think there are too many immigrants, to 47% who think there are just the right amount. Seven in 10 whites and over six in 10 blacks agree that the current number is too high.
However, more than three-quarters of the public overall think that immigration applications from Arab countries do not deserve closer scrutiny than those from other countries.
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Complete Submission to Allah
Ibrahim (AS) Submits Completely to AllahVerse 131 defines the basic principle of the religion of Sayyidna Ibrahim (علیہ السلام) . Allah asked him to submit himself, and he willingly and gladly agreed to submit himself to “the Lord of the worlds.” Let us add that the word of command employed in this verse is Aslim اَسلِم ، which comes from the same root as the word Islam. It is difficult to find an exact English equivalent, for the word signifies “to obey, to submit oneself, to surrender one’s will.” Anyhow, we should notice that in reply to the divine command, he did not say, as one would have expected, اَسلَمتُ لَک : “I submit myself to you,” but, more elaborately: اَسلَمتُ لِرَبِّ الْعَالَمِين : “I submit myself to the Lord of the worlds.” This particular form of reply expresses the attitude of respect and awe proper to the occasion, and includes the praise of Allah which the moment of receiving the honour of divine address demanded.
Surah Al-Baqarah, Ayah 208Believers have been asked to ‘enter Islam completely’, not making allowances for a faith other than Islam – a divisive approach which makes one an easy target of Satan. Therefore, the prohibition ‘do not follow the footsteps of Satan’, an enemy who would cheat you into taking to something which obviously looks very much like your Faith, but happens to be totally contrary to it in reality. After having received clear laws and rules that lead to the straight path, there is no justification left for any deviation. Those who still slip, they must remember that Allah is Mighty, having the power to punish, and Wise too, lest one should misread any delay in punishment which comes when His Wisdom so dictates.
Special NoteThe verse holds out a stern warning to those who have got Islam all tied up with Masjid and ` ibadat عبادت (mosque and the performance of acts of prescribed worship) neglecting injunctions relating to social living and business and personal dealings as if they were no part of religion. This negligence is wide-spread among the ‘technically’ religious people who do not seem to care much about rights and dealings, especially social rights. It appears that they do not regard these injunctions to be the injunctions of Islam, neither do they make an effort to find out what they are, or try to learn them in an orderly manner, nor think of acting in accordance with these injunctions. We seek refuge with Allah.
[Early Days From Al-Bidayah wan-Nihayah by Ibn Kathir, Darussalam 2010 Edition, Translation work supervised by Abdul Malik Mujahid]
YOUR WEEKLY DOSE OF
[Surah Ibrahim, Ayah 35]
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Tuition Payment by Etransfer
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Click here to run a scan if you are experiencing issues with this process.
Process name: NeroCBUI Module
Application using this process: NeroCBUI Module
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NeroCBUI Module This process is still being reviewed. If you have some information about it feel free to send us an email at pl[at]uniblue[dot]com Non-system processes like nerocbui.dll originate from software you installed on your system. Since most applications store data in your system's registry, it is likely that over time your registry suffers fragmentation and accumulates invalid entries which can affect your PC's performance. It is recommended that you check your registry to identify slowdown issues.
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Most non-system processes that are running can be stopped because they are not involved in running your operating system. Scan your system now to identify unused processes that are using up valuable resources. nerocbui.dll is used by 'NeroCBUI Module'.This is an application created by 'Ahead Software AG'. To stop nerocbui.dll permanently uninstall 'NeroCBUI Module' from your system. Uninstalling applications can leave invalid registry entries, accumulating over time. Run a free scan to find out how to optimize software and system performance.
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This process is not considered CPU intensive. However, running too many processes on your system may affect your PC’s performance. To reduce system overload, you can use the Microsoft System Configuration Utility to manually find and disable processes that launch upon start-up. Alternatively, download PC Mechanic to automatically scan and identify any PC issues.
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While alphabets were invented after words, words have always been projections of thought. Now, when I speak with somebody, when I write
this sentence, when you read it, this act is always separated from the thought. A temporal gap between the production of this sentence, the thought, and its articulation as a sign.
Using a letter, added by a simple gesture with black spray paint, I blurred this distance, creating a series of words that exist both as pronunciation and representation.
Some years ago I was in an English-speaking place for the first time, lost in the reality of the fluently spoken, fast and locally accented language.
It was my first trip across England, from London to Glasgow, through Manchester and Sheffield. I was discovering, with difficulty, the different
accents of all these areas. The sounds of the words I heard during this trip were so different from the ones produced in my head, reading the dictionary. I was always wondering why the words I heard looked different when written.
I started to write words the way I used to hear them, phonetically. It became a mixture of languages, out of which came a poetry .
The word “poletical” doesn’t exist, except in the minds of billions of people who start learning to speak English, without writing or reading it.
It is a “mise en abîme”, of how much politics and poetry have to do with each other: politics as a way to live together despite what we sometimes
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Woman Finds Soul Mate in Prison in Stunning Memoir
Truus Geraets tells her remarkable story of love and a closer observation of the US Penal System
A story of true love and inspiration, ‘Love in Action’ tells of how anyone can find their soul mate anywhere and how finding one’s soul mate can happen in sometimes impossible circumstances.
Do you believe in soul mates – that one person with whom you have a deep feeling of natural affinity? When author Truus Geraets found hers, she never let go, even if he was a criminal in prison.
A story of true love and inspiration, “Love in Action” tells of how anyone can find their soul mate anywhere and how finding one’s soulmate can happen in sometimes impossible circumstances. Geraets found hers in Dawud, an inmate in Jackson prison in Michigan. After moving to the United States from the Netherlands, Geraets starts to work with inner city children and convicts. She meets Dawud while performing a spiritual practice called Eurythmy and they fall in love.
Despite being hindered by distance, time, and circumstance, Truus never wavers in her faith in Dawud and finds in him not only a deep connection but also immense potential, demonstrating a clear sense of intelligence, a capacity to write, and cultivate an inner strength amidst impossible living conditions.
The two get married, but later divorce after Dawud leaves Geraets for another woman. She then travels to South Africa, but five years after their divorce, Dawud attempts to rekindle their relationship. Over the years, Dawud goes in and out of prison, but Geraets remains steadfast in her love. Their story continues to this day, and Geraets goes on to study and describe the effects of the US criminal justice system as punitive, not rehabilitative.
Reviewers have nothing but good things to say about “Love in Action”: “After I read the book, I certainly think that the story would make an excellent documentary. The challenge would be to find a film director who is as concerned as you are with the failure of the American Penal System… It certainly is a story worth telling to a wider audience,” British filmmaker Jonathan Stedall says.
This story is not just about two people finding each other, but also about patience and reform inside an institution so problematic. Truus is a fountain of goodness and compassion for Dawud as he discovers more about himself, his relationships, and how his imprisonment ultimately affected his humanity in a positive way.
“Love in Action” is both a vexing and illuminating read. Readers will definitely find these characters polarizing yet complementary in their divergence.
Learn more at http://www.loveinaction.com/.
Truus Geraets is originally from the Netherlands and has lived in Europe, South Africa, and the United States. She has worked with inner city youths in Chicago and Detroit, where she also worked as a prison counselor. She employs the healing art of Eurythmy, an expressive movement art used in education and therapy. She was raised in a loving and supportive family, guided by spiritual principles. She is the author of “Inkanyezi” (1991, VerlagefuerFreiesGeistesleben), “Courage and Love for Children in South Africa” (1993, Schaumburg), and “The Healing Power of Eurythmy”, also translated and published in German. Check out her websites, www.healingartofliving.com, and www.waldorfforafrica.org.
( Press Release Image: http://photos.webwire.com/prmedia/50387/198366/198366-1.png )
- Contact Information
- Sam Walker
- Fulfillment Officer
- LitFire Publishing
- Contact via E-mail
This news content may be integrated into any legitimate news gathering and publishing effort. Linking is permitted.
News Release Distribution and Press Release Distribution Services Provided by WebWire.
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Baku, November 24, AZERTAC
Young Ecologists project has been successfully implemented at Baku Higher Oil School (BHOS). The project author is Mustafa Asgarov, a fifth-year Petroleum Engineering student from BHOS who became a winner of 8th contest for grants of the Youth Foundation under the President of the Azerbaijan Republic.
During the project implementation, 140 students from various universities of Azerbaijan participated in meetings with environmental specialists and discussed topics related to environment protection issues, ecological problems and the problems solutions. On the final day of the project, a poster-drawing contest was held among project participants divided into teams. Each team was presented with a certain environmental issue and assigned to design a poster reflecting the issue and possible ways to address it. Based on the contest results, members of the winning teams received diplomas.
The Young Ecologists Project was implemented with financial support from the Youth Foundation under the President of the Azerbaijan Republic, while the Student Senate of Baku Higher Oil School provided organizational support to the project.
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This day definitely stood out as one of the highlights of the trip. Santiago and our driver picked us up at the hotel and we headed to the Sacred Valley. Although Cusco was considered the capital of the Inca Empire, the Sacred Valley was really its heart. The fertile soil grew the food that fuelled the expansion of the Empire. One key to the rapid growth of the Inca Empire was that the Inca did not prefer to conquer by force. Rather, they sent emissaries to different regions and offered protection in exchange for whatever the region had to offer. Cleverly, the local leaders of these various regions were often invited to Cusco where they remained. Thus the Inca insured complete control once the regional rulers had been removed. Once a region was under Inca rule, the best that the region had to offer became incorporated into the Inca culture. Thus, rapid growth was possible. Not only did the Sacred Valley serve as the bread basket for the Empire—it also served as the gateway to the Amazon, the source of exotic fruits, animals and the all-important coca leaf.
First on our stops was beautiful Pisac. We drove up a steep, winding dirt road, got out and then began a pleasant hike to a temple overlooking the valley below. My fear of heights periodically kicked in as we meandered around a steep mountainside. Of course, my kids, knowing of my phobia, got as much enjoyment watching me hug the inner rock wall as they did from gazing at the scenery! Inca structures are visible everywhere. There are terraces, guard houses and food storage facilities as well as living quarters. Again, the stone work is amazing. As I explored the sun temple I became aware of a theme that persisted during our exploration of other Inca ruins—the close connection to and harmony with nature. This temple, like others we would see later, seems to emerge out of and around natural rock already present on the mountainside. A natural spring emerges from the ground and water courses through the temple which in turn is oriented to catch the rays of the sun through windows at particular times of the year. Amazing!
As we left Pisac, we passed a local gentleman playing a hand-made flute. The beautiful high-pitched sound resonated down into the valley. I bought my son one after he promised to learn how to play it. My experience with most cash transitions throughout Peru is that no one has change. In this particular instance, I suspect this was a clever way to coax me into buying a music CD. However, I’m glad I did because the music is wonderful and worked great with my slide show!
Next, we drove up onto the plateau above the Sacred Valley and then down a dusty road to a cliff overlooking the Maras Salt Pans. I had not read anything about this before the trip and I have to say, we were blown away! Spanning the narrow valley hundreds of feet below us were thousands of white salt water pools. For hundreds of years the locals have been mining salt in this area. The pools are fed by a mineral-rich hot water spring. As the water evaporates in the pools, salt is harvested and carried by hand up a road leading out of the valley. As the generations pass, more and more salt pools are created as families divide up the property. There are now over 3000 pools!
Late in the afternoon, we arrived at the Circular Terraces of Moray. What an incredible site! Carved out of a natural depression between several mountain sides are a series of circular terraces once used by the Inca to experiment with different crops to see how they would adapt to climate change. The view from above is stunning and walking to the bottom using the so-called "flying steps" of protruding stone was a blast! Completing the postcard-perfect picture was a group of people playing soccer at the bottom! I’ll never forget this day!
We arrived in Ollantaytambo in the late afternoon and checked into El Sauce Hotel. Taking into consideration the location, general ambience and feel of the actual hotel and town , this was hands-down my wife’s and my favorite hotel of the trip. There is a cozy sitting room with fireplace that is meticulously attended to by the doorman. Gazing out of the windows from the sitting room, one has an unobstructed view of the Inca ruins of Ollantaytambo. Also, I think that there is an intangible excitement in the air created by the variety of tourists passing through this town. Some are embarking on the Inca trail and some are taking the train to Aguas Calientas. All are anxious to fulfill their dream of visiting Machu Picchu.
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Child Heart Diseases - Pediatric Cardiology
Pediatric Health - Happy Baby
Infant Heart Health - Pediatric Cardiology
Pediatric Cardiology is the science of child and infant heart health. There are a wide range of impressive procedures available to improve the cardiac health of infants, the pediatric cardiology world extends far into childhood. Although the cardiac health industry has been rapidly advancing for the past century, few parents take solace in some of the discoveries which have been made. Science has even determined that many rare heart conditions which affect children are genetic, having been acquired from a parent's genes. Not all pediatric heart conditions develop in the womb- in fact, some do not show a sign of themselves until years into the child's life.
Kawasaki Disease is just one example of such an illness. Often caused by a faulty heartbeat (a common genetic problem), Kawasaki disease can result in irreparable damage to the heart's many valves and coronary arteries. This damage, most often irreversible by conventional surgery and responsible for a lifetime of problems, considerably weakens the heart. While achieving few beats per minute than an average person's, Kawasaki hearts are also more susceptible to dangerous advents such as heart attacks. Other imperfections come not as the result of a genetic defect, but of an illness taken on by the mother during pregnancy. These maladies are often severe and hard for mothers to self diagnose or predict.
Myocarditis is an uncommon heart disease which occurs in children, often as the result of a viral infection contracted from their mothers' when in the womb. Myocarditis causes the heart muscles to become extremely inflamed, often leading to potentially fatal infections. Over time, the inflammation can become so great that the child (or adult, if the condition persists for many years) can no longer function, and the heart will shut down in the form of a severe heart attack. Mycarditis can also be caused by non-viral pathogens such as lyme disease, making it's grasp all the more variable. Myocarditis, despite it's rarity, is a major killer- being responsible for 20% of sudden deaths in young adults.
Using pediatric interventional cardiology, specialists can both diagnose dangerous disorders such as Myocarditis and treat them, thus skillfully removing much of the risk associated with them. Despite the seemingly endless array of cardiac problems capable of plaguing children and babies, scientists are constantly at work furthering the industry. After all, in order to learn more about ourselves, don't we have to look to our roots?
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Currently, it is estimated that an average middle-income family in the United States can expect to spend about $245,000 over 18 years to raise a child. This is from the Department of Agriculture’s annual “Cost of Raising a Child” report.
1. If you adjust for inflation, how much more will an average middle-income family in the United States spend on each child?
2. What are the two largest costs and approximately how many dollars are each? Discuss whether these are fixed, mixed or variable costs and give examples.
3. How much less do larger families, those with three or more children, spend per child than families with two children, (a) in percentage, (b) in current dollars, (c) in inflated dollars?
Krasny, R. (2014). Cost of raising a child in U.S. tops $245,000, USDA says. Reuters.com, Aug. 18 (Retrievable online at http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/08/18/us-usa-economy-children-idUSKBN0GI1DJ20140818)
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The Viral Situation of Obesity
Posted by The Situationist Staff on September 21, 2010
From UC San Diego News:
The emerging idea that obesity may have an infectious origin gets new support in a cross-sectional study by University of California, San Diego School of Medicine researchers who found that children exposed to a particular strain of adenovirus were significantly more likely to be obese.
The study will be published in the September 20 online edition of the journal Pediatrics. September is National Childhood Obesity Awareness Month.
Jeffrey B. Schwimmer, MD, associate professor of clinical pediatrics at UC San Diego, and colleagues examined 124 children, ages 8 to 18, for the presence of antibodies specific to adenovirus 36 (AD36), one of more than 50 strains of adenovirus known to infect humans and cause a variety of respiratory, gastrointestinal and other infections. AD36 is the only human adenovirus currently linked to human obesity.
Slightly more than half of the children in the study (67) were considered obese, based on a Body Mass Index or BMI in the 95th percentile or greater. The researchers detected neutralizing antibodies specific to AD36 in 19 of the children (15 percent). The majority of these AD36-positive children (78 percent) were obese, with AD36 antibodies much more frequent in obese children (15 of 67) than in non-obese children (4 of 57).
Children who were AD36-positive weighed almost 50 pounds more, on average, than children who were AD36-negative. Within the group of obese children, those with evidence of AD36 infection weighed an average of 35 pounds more than obese children who were AD36-negative.
“This amount of extra weight is a major concern at any age, but is especially so for a child,” said Schwimmer, who is also director of Weight and Wellness at Rady Children’s Hospital in San Diego. “Obesity can be a marker for future health problems like heart disease, liver disease and diabetes. An extra 35 to 50 pounds is more than enough to greatly increase those risks.”
Schwimmer said he hopes this research will help shift some of the burden that falls so heavily upon obese people, in particular children.
“Many people believe that obesity is one’s own fault or the fault of one’s parents or family. This work helps point out that body weight is more complicated than it’s made out to be. And it is time that we move away from assigning blame in favor of developing a level of understanding that will better support efforts at both prevention and treatment. These data add credence to the concept that an infection can be a cause or contributor to obesity.”
While an association between AD36 and obesity in both animals and human adults has been previously described, the particulars remain poorly understood. For example, it is not known how often or under what circumstances AD36 infects, why the virus affects people differently and whether weight gain is the result of an active infection or a lasting change in a person’s metabolism.
In cell cultures, Schwimmer said, the virus infects pre-adipocytes or immature fat cells, prompting them to develop more quickly and proliferate in greater numbers than normal. “This might be the mechanism for obesity,” Schwimmer said, “but more work needs to be done.”
* * *
For a sample of related Situationist posts, see “The Addictive Situation of Fatty Food,” “Common Cause: Combating the Epidemics of Obesity and Evil,” “The Policy Situation of Obesity,” “The Situation of Body Image,” “The Situation of Fatness = Our ‘Obesogenic’ Society,” “Situational Obesity, or, Friends Don’t Let Friends Eat and Veg.”
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Aged Black Garlic: a new superfood?
View 7 photos in the above slide show
Why is it that Asian ingredients that are “good for you” are so darn ugly and nasty sounding? Mom used to feed me and my brother bird’s nest soup, chilled frog jelly soup and countless other strange protein specimens that would probably make you wonder how I’m still alive today.
The latest “it” ingredient is aged black garlic. It’s matte-black and gooey-soft with a chewyishy texture. It’s the new plaything of gourmet restaurant kitchens across the U.S.. and its recent appearance on Top Chef and Iron Chef television shows created newfound fame for this otherwise frightful thing. Trust me, if you found this on your kitchen counter and didn’t know that it was supposed to be black, you’d probably think it was rotten.
Well, good thing it’s not rotten, but rather “aged,” a more pleasant way to describe the process of letting time and temperature do its thing. I spoke with Scott Kim, CEO of Black Garlic, Inc. and he told me that garlic heads either grown in Korea or California are put into a machine he invented which fluctuates temperature and humidity for thirty days. What results is supposedly a garlic that has twice the antioxidants as regular garlic.
I think there’s a lot of misinformation and mystery about black garlic – some articles hint that black garlic has been used for hundreds of years in Korea and Japan as a superfood and Kim claims to have invented the machine a handful of years ago after a story he heard from someone in the garlic business in Korea. I asked, “Is the black garlic exposed to light source in his machine (as I’ve read online)?” Kim answered no.
I asked him how people used to make black garlic before his magical machine and he told me he didn’t know. How do they make black garlic in Japan? He didn’t know either. The scientific study done in Korea of the antioxidant level is not available online, though Kim did offer to send me information in Korean.
So, I’m highly skeptical on its superfood status and the origins of black garlic until I can find more information. But there’s one thing I’m sure of – and that is I love the taste of black garlic. It’s sweet, mild, caramelly and reminds me of molasses. When you bite into a raw clove, you don’t get the harsh-hit-you-in-the-face that regular garlic has. It’s smooth, soft and the garlic flavor is mellowed out times one-hundred.
I was lucky enough to get a few heads to play with from my friend Chef David Eger of Earthy.com (and in exchange I let him use the photo of black garlic that I shot), where they sell four ounces of black garlic for $10.00. I’ve sliced a few cloves (as best as I could…it’s so soft that it’s difficult to slice), fried them in olive oil with scallops and it was dynamo.
Black Garlic at our Blogger Playdate
My friends, Chef Mark and Jennifer of The Culinary Media Network in New York made a bruschetta out of a few cloves for our dinner party and guests could not stop eating it. I had to steal bruschetta off of people’s plates just to get a photograph of it! If you want to see black garlic in action, watch the Culinary Media Network video below (note: I didn’t speak with Scott Kim, founder of Black Garlic, Inc. until the day after this video was shot – so the comment about the garlic being exposed to light is incorrect.)
Is it an ancient Asian secret superfood? I don’t know and am trying to hold my judgement until an independant lab in the U.S. can verify and publish the results in English. But try aged, black garlic for its taste. I like using the black garlic is raw (like in a bruschetta), roasted whole cloves and then smeared on toasted bread with a drizzle of olive oil or sliced and fried like in this recipe.
Black Garlic with Scallops Recipe
Even if you don’t have black garlic, this is a simple recipe for scallops. Just substitute the black garlic with regular garlic. Just don’t expect any nooky tonight, unless you’re both having the dish!3 tablespoons butter, divided
16 extra-large dry-packed scallops, patted very dry (about 1 ½ pounds)
salt and freshly ground black pepper
3 cloves black garlic, thinly sliced (or use regular garlic)
1-2 teaspoons finely minced jalepeno pepper
¼ cup white wine
2 teaspoons good balsamic vinegar
2 tablespoons chopped fresh parsley
Heat a large frying pan with just 2 tablespoons of the butter over high heat. Season the scallops with salt and pepper, and when the butter is bubbling, gently lay the scallops in the pan, not touching. Sear the scallops and cook for 4 minutes, turning once. They should have a lovely golden brown color on both sides. Transfer to a platter.
To the same hot pan on high heat, add the remaining 1 tablespoon of butter. Add the garlic slices and the jalepeno pepper and fry until fragrant, about 30 seconds. Pour in the white wine and the balsamic vinegar into the pan. Let simmer for 1 minute, season with salt and pepper and add the fresh parsley. Pour over scallops.
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Matt's Past SAT/ACT News Update
Jan 19, 2019
Cancellation of test scores on both the SAT and ACT due to suspicion of student cheating has recently resulted in controversy and legal action.
Scott Jaschik of Inside Higher Ed coves the SAT-related controversy:
Kamilah Campbell is an 18-year-old high school student in Florida who first took the SAT in March 2018 and earned a score of 900. According to her lawyer, she took the SAT that time without any preparation, on her counselor's recommendation, merely to establish a "baseline" and to figure out what additional work she needed to do.
So like countless other students who were not happy with their first SAT scores, she went to work. She studied, did practice tests, received tutoring and spent a lot of time with Khan Academy resources (which are endorsed by the College Board). In October she took the SAT again and earned a score of 1230, a competitive score for a Florida State applicant.
That's not the happy ending to this story.
The Educational Testing Service, which administers the SAT for the College Board, has refused to validate Campbell's second score. According to Ben Crump, a civil rights lawyer who is representing Campbell, an ETS official first told her that she must have had "prior knowledge" of the test, based on the substantial increase she achieved. Now, in written communication, ETS has said that it believes her scores should be invalidated because of "substantial agreement" between some of her answers and some of the answers of other test takers. According to Crump, ETS has provided no evidence that Campbell cheated in any way. Rather, he said that ETS appears to assume there is no legitimate way she could have increased her score as much as she did.
In response to this case, the College Board has released a statement: Clarifying the College Board’s Score Review Process
When we issue scores, we need to make sure they are valid and trustworthy. As such, we conduct statistical analyses on every answer document we receive for every SAT administration to flag potential score validity concerns. In each administration, the vast majority of scores are released; there is only a relatively small number of scores placed under review or cancelled.
Student scores are never placed under review or cancelled simply because of score gains. Score reviews are triggered by a range of factors that cast doubt on the validity of a score.
Here are some of the types of evidence that can prompt a score review or suggest invalidity:
---A student’s answer sheet resembles another student’s, or more concerningly, a group of students who have very similar answers, including the same wrong answers.
---The same group includes students whose scores have been canceled for irregularities in the past.
---The group of students’ answers match not only one another’s, but an answer key or “cheat sheet” that has been found circulating among students.
---There is an absence of any scratch work in the student’s testing booklet.
Each of these factors and other similar evidence are rare. In combination, they are extremely rare and establish very strongly that a score is not valid.
The Huffington Post has published an article looking at the issue of cancellation of SAT/ACT scores: When Standardized Tests Penalize Kids For Scoring Too High
The process ETS has initiated in Campbell’s case subverts due process: Rather than putting the onus on the testing bodies to prove that students cheated, it requires students to prove that they didn’t.
According to an email from the College Board, “out of 2 [million] students in the class of 2018, close to 2,000 SAT students’ scores were flagged for further review.” Another 1.9 million students in the class of 2018 took the ACT, the SAT’s main competitor. While the ACT doesn’t release statistics about flagged scores, its policies and procedures regarding testing irregularities are similar to those of the SAT.
Neither ACT nor SAT needs hard evidence that a student has cheated to cancel a student’s scores. A document detailing procedures for investigating questioned scores notes that “ACT reserves the right to cancel test scores when there is reason to believe that scores are invalid. Proof of misconduct is not required to cancel scores.” In other words, testing agencies can cancel scores even if a student didn’t actually cheat.
Scott Jaschik of Inside Higher Ed also covers the ACT score-cancellation lawsuit:
May 2 is a date that should be one of little stress for successful high school seniors. May 1 is the deadline to reply to admissions offers.
But for Brendan Clare, May 2 was a day that nearly derailed his college plans. On that day he received a letter from ACT (sent a few days earlier) telling him that ACT had concerns about the validity of his test scores. As a result, Clare had a choice of either having his scores invalidated, offering evidence that they were valid or retaking the test.
ACT suspected that the gains he made from the first to second times he took the ACT (in June and September of 2017) were the result of cheating. Clare was aware that Pennsylvania State University, which he planned to attend, could withdraw his admissions offer based on revoked ACT scores. He was also aware that he had just turned down other admissions offers, including one with a $25,000 scholarship offer. (He had gone up from a 21 composite score, slightly above the national average, to a 26, much better, but hardly record-setting on the exam where a perfect score would be 36.)
At first, Clare tried to convince ACT that he hadn't cheated. When that didn't work, he retook the test and earned a score close enough to his second score (despite the added stress of the exam being the ultimate high-stakes test) that ACT dropped its challenge to his scores, and Clare was able to enroll at Penn State. But with help from his father, a lawyer, Clare and his mother sued ACT in New Jersey court on multiple grounds.
The suit accuses ACT of harming Clare in multiple ways, including by failing to notify him of its doubts about his test scores until just after he would have accepted or turned down offers of college admission -- eight and 10 months after he took the test. He might have cleared up the situation well before he faced deadlines from colleges, the suit charges, and there is no reason for ACT to have waited until a time that it knew was the college decision day.
A key part of the Clare suit is a challenge to the way ACT (and others in the testing business) require those taking a test to agree to binding arbitration in the event of disputes over test scores. Clare's suit notes that he could not have taken the retest that cleared him without agreeing to the binding arbitration agreement. He argues that this requirement was unfair and illegal. If he wins his suit, the challenge could open up the way for many other students to take legal action, something that the mandatory arbitration clause makes exceedingly difficult.
In a potentially crucial update to the score cancellation articles above, a New Jersey judge has thrown out ACT's binding arbitration clause, which students must sign before taking the exam.
A New Jersey judge has found that the binding arbitration requirement everyone who takes the ACT must sign is "unconscionable" and may not be enforced in the case of a student suing the testing organization.
While the ruling currently applies to one case, the lawyer representing that student says he believes it is the first time that the clause has been invalidated in lawsuits against either ACT or the College Board, which has a similar clause for test takers. If the ruling stands, it could become much easier for people to sue testing companies.
The ruling came in a suit by Brendan Clare against ACT, seeking damages against the organization for -- in his view -- incorrectly challenging his ACT scores and endangering his chances of admission to college. Beyond the central charge in his case, he also accuses ACT of acting in ways that caused him substantial damage. For instance, he says that ACT notified him that his scores were being challenged many months after he took the test and the day after he had to respond to college admissions offers. (In the end, he took the ACT again and achieved a score close enough to the challenged score that ACT released it, enabling him to enroll at Pennsylvania State University.)
ACT has denied wrongdoing and has attempted to have the suit blocked by citing mandatory arbitration clauses that Clare signed (at the age of 17) when registering for the test. This week's ruling by Judge Michael J. Rogers did not cover the merits of the lawsuit, but rejected ACT's request that the binding arbitration provisions be enforced.
Catherine Gewertz of Education Week writes about a New Jersey court decision that prevents the PARCC exam from being used to determine which students merit graduation from high school.
A New Jersey court has nixed the state's requirement that students pass the PARCC exam in order to graduate.
The ruling doesn't change the requirement that students take the PARCC exams, but it means they can't be used as graduation requirements for this year's seniors and subsequent classes, said David Sciarra, the executive director of the Education Law Center, which led a group of organizations in the lawsuit against the rules.
Gov. Phil Murphy has pledged to replace PARCC, but hasn't chosen a test to replace it yet.
The Garden State is one of about a dozen that require students to pass a test in order to graduate from high school. New Jersey and New Mexico are the only two states that use the PARCC tests as "exit exams."
The last sentence in the excerpt above has been superseded by events, as New Mexico's governor has decided to discontinue the use of PARCC as a graduation assessment and teacher evaluation tool.
Not long after being sworn in as New Mexico’s new governor this week, Michelle Lujan Grisham signed executive orders to suspend and replace the controversial PARCC test, the standardized exam used in schools to evaluate students and teachers.
Grisham on Wednesday ordered the state’s Public Education Department to begin the process of ending the state’s use of the Partnership for Assessment of Readiness for College and Careers standardized test, which was created by a multistate consortium funded by the administration of President Barack Obama.
She also ordered the department to find a better way to assess whether schools are complying with federal law and to include teachers, parents, students and assessment experts.
The move by Grisham, who was sworn in Tuesday, ends what critics have called an obsession with high-stakes standardized tests to evaluate schools and teachers through complicated algorithms that educators and assessment experts say are not fair or reliable.
It remains to be seen if New Jersey or New Mexico will turn their eyes to the SAT or ACT as high school assessments, as many other states have done in the last few years.
Business Insider offers a feature looking at the number and type of standardized tests students around the world must take to succeed in high school and gain admittance to college.
One parent gives her perspective on the highly competitive education and career treadmill, which in her view demands too much of students, too soon in their development.
Thought leaders in education tout the benefit of a growth mind-set and making mistakes. Embrace imperfection. Schools host screenings of documentaries about managing angst and anxiety, at the same time cranking up the intensity in our kids’ classrooms, sending parents and students a mixed message. Which is it: balance and self-care; or rise to the rigor? Kindergarten is the new first grade, and middle school is engineered as a fast track to the Ivy Leagues. New curriculum sifts the exceptional from the average, often allowing the latter to struggle — all for the sake of high test scores, college acceptance rates and district accolades.
Education has become a high-stakes Rube Goldberg machine, propelling our kids from one academic pressure to the next with no end in sight. What has existed until now as an implied tenet, is becoming a tangible reality: Be exceptional, or be a failure; there is no middle ground.
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The U.S. expanded by a brisk 3.1% clip in the 2012 third quarter but grew a barebones 0.1% in the final three months of the year, so the economy must have tanked, right? Read: Economy grew, just barely.
In a word, no. Quarterly reports on U.S. growth, or gross domestic product, are complicated things. The devil, as usual, is in the details. And a close looks shows that in many respects the two quarters were very much alike.
Take consumer spending, which represents as much as 70% of the U.S. economy. Consumption rose by 1.6% in the third quarter and 2.1% in the fourth quarter. Those are both solid gains.
Consumer spending on durable goods – items like cars, fridges, iPads and Bluray players – was also fairly strong in both periods. Outlays in that category jumped 8.9% in the third quarter and an even better 13.8% in the fourth.
That’s a good sign because consumers don’t put out for big-ticket items unless there are fairly confident they’ll still have a job in a few months.
In a similar vein, resident construction rose by double digits in both quarters to reflect the upturn in the housing market. People don’t buy homes – and contractors don’t build more of them – unless the economy is improving. Yet both of these things are now happening.
So why such a drastic difference in bottom-line growth in the third and fourth quarters? For one thing blame the government!
Government spending jumped 3.9% in the third quarter, the biggest gain in three years, but then slumped 6.9% in the fourth quarter. Topsy-turvy numbers like this are common in GDP reports.
The effect was to boost third-quarter growth by 0.8 percentage points, but reduce fourth-quarter GDP by 1.3 percentage points. If we assume government spending was neutral in both quarters, GDP would have risen 2.3% in the third quarter and 0.9% in the fourth quarter. The gap closes.
Now let’s look at inventories. Companies produced more than $60 billion in goods in the third quarter that then sat on warehouse shelves for a while. Even though the stuff wasn’t selling like hotcakes, an increase in inventories adds to the official GDP headline number. In the third quarter that amounted to 0.7 points.
Yet seeing all their inventories on hand, companies produced goods at a much slower pace in the last three months of the year. Inventories rose a scant $12 billion – subtracting a whopping 1.6 points from fourth-quarter growth.
Had government spending and inventories been neutral in both periods, the U.S. would have grown at a 1.6% pace in the third quarter but a faster 2.3% clip in the fourth quarter! The gap vanishes.
That doesn’t mean the fourth quarter was clearly better, though. Exports and imports both fell, for example, and in different ways that signals economic weakness. Other aspects of the report were also soft.
The way economists view it, the third and fourth quarters were much of the same.
“Average it all out,” said Yelena Shulyatyeva of BNP Paribas. “If we look at GDP and smooth it out for government spending and inventories, we get a picture of subdued growth in the second half of the year.”
- Jeffry Bartash
Follow Jeffry on Twitter @jbartash
Follow The Tell blog on Twitter @thetellblog
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Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore’s research-intensive, graduate-entry medical school, has joined BioStrategy Partners Inc. (BioSP), a consortium of academic institutions that collaborate with industry partners to scale academic discoveries and bring new treatments, diagnostics and other products to patients worldwide.
Other consortium members include the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, The Pennsylvania State University, Temple University, Thomas Jefferson University, The Wistar Institute and University of the Sciences. Duke-NUS is the consortium’s first non-US-based member.
As a member of the consortium, Duke-NUS will participate in BioSP’s Germinator program, which partners with pharmaceutical and medical device companies to identify and de-risk promising academic projects through a coordinated process, including organized sessions with industry-based scientific and commercial experts. The result is a joint development plan and funding, as well as intellectual exchanges and other forms of engagement with industry-based scientists.
“BioSP is excited to welcome into the consortium Duke-NUS, which has established a solid reputation for world-class research. Our members, industry partners and, ultimately, patients stand to benefit from the multinational perspective Duke-NUS will bring,” said Erika Swift, President of BioSP.
“Finding mechanisms to create long-term, substantive relationships with industry is a key strategy for Duke-NUS’s innovation and entrepreneurship program,” said Associate Professor Christopher Laing, Senior Associate Dean for Innovation and Entrepreneurship at Duke-NUS. “Universities are great at discovery – but we need industry partners to scale our impact. Organisations like BioSP help us to amplify our collaborative reach.”
In addition to participating in the Germinator programme, BioSP consortium members, which collectively perform more than US$1 billion of annual biomedical research and development, share best practices and expertise for commercialization, and provide shared educational resources to scientists across their institutions.
About Duke-NUS Medical School
Duke-NUS is Singapore’s flagship graduate entry medical school, established in 2005 with
a strategic, government-led partnership between two world-class institutions: Duke University School of Medicine and the National University of Singapore (NUS). Through an innovative curriculum, students at Duke-NUS are nurtured to become multi-faceted ‘Clinicians Plus’ poised to steer the healthcare and biomedical ecosystem in Singapore and beyond. A leader in ground-breaking research and translational innovation, Duke-NUS has gained international renown through its five signature research programmes and nine centres. The enduring impact of its discoveries is amplified by its successful Academic Medicine partnership with Singapore Health Services (SingHealth), Singapore’s largest healthcare group. This strategic alliance has spawned 15 Academic Clinical Programmes, which harness multi-disciplinary research and education to transform medicine and improve lives.
For more information, please visit www.duke-nus.edu.sg
For media inquiries, please contact:
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Ingersoll Machine Tools announced plans to develop a massive 3D printer in association with the US Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
This machine uses the well-known plastic extrusion technology originally developed by Stratasys decades ago - but now the patent has long expired, leading first to the explosion of inexpensive desktop 3D printers, and companies like MakerBot and Ultimaker.
But evidently the patent expiry has also unleashed a series of incredibly large 3D printers.
The Ingersoll machine is to have a build volume of approximately 7 x 3 x 14m. Wait - that’s fourteen meters long!
As you might imagine, the build time for such a massive volume would be endless, but apparently that’s not the case as the machine will be able to deposit an astonishing 453kg of material per HOUR.
The machine is named, “Wide and High Additive Manufacturing”, or “WHAM”. Appropriate, yes?
However, this is not yet an actual machine - it’s merely a concept that will require considerable development. While the mechanical portions of the machine are a challenge likely easily met, I suspect the big deal will be materials. Printing at such a size may require considerable effort to identify a composite mix that not only offers desirable end-user properties, but also enables reliable 3D printing. For example, it should not warp - print failures at that size could be financially catastrophic.
Via Composites World
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The past two nights, I've slept with my windows open. Pleasant temperatures are creeping in, and soon will be here to stay, which means: It's time to begin fall planting.
September and October are the primo months to plant fall/over-wintering gardens in Tallahassee. If you're just getting started, you should also know that fall gardens are far easier than spring gardens. Less heat, fewer bugs, more on-going produce.
Fall/Winter gardens are filled with green leafy vegetables, alums (that's the onion family), and root vegetables (just not of the potato variety). Let me spell that out: green-leafy vegetables = collards, mustards, kale, cabbage, arugula, lettuces, spinach, and chard. Garlic, onions, chives, garlic chives, green onions, and shallots are all in the alum family. Fall root vegetables include radishes, turnips, rutabagas, beets, carrots, and parsnips. Three categories: green leafy vegetables, alum, and root veggies other than potatoes.
A few extras for the fall garden are: cauliflower, broccoli, celery, and cilantro. The first two-- in the brassica family-- are related to collards, cabbage, mustards, and kale. Celery and cilantro are in the Umbelliferae (Apiaceae) family that also includes parsley, dill and fennel (all three of which can also be planted in the cooler temperatures of September through May). Carrots and parsnips are part of the same family.
So, if you want to get technical about it, there are five vegetable families/species that work well in fall/over-wintering gardens: 1)Brassicas (collards, kale, cabbage, mustards, cauliflower, broccoli, radishes, turnips, rutabagas, brussel sprouts and others), 2) Alums (onions, garlic, chives, shallots), 3) Umbelliferae (also known as the carrot family includes: carrots, parsnips, celery, dill, fennel, cilantro), 4) Asteraceae/Compositae (lettuce and chickory), and 5) Amarantheceae (chard, beets and spinach).
But that's confusing as all get-out. So, my recommendation is to stick with three categories: 1)green-leafy vegetables, 2) Onion-smelling alums, 3) root vegetables other than potatoes. And just know that there are a few stray things that don't fit into our non-scientific categories.
Last night I dug summer sweet potatoes, munched on fresh okra, smelled the basil, tested a hot banana pepper-- all while prepping a garden bed with compost to prepare for a patch of green-leafy vegetables and carrots. I'll be planting seeds this evening.
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Ask a Business Lawyer. Get Business Law Questions Answered ASAP.
A U.S. Corporation may own real property in Mexico and is not required to incorporate as a Mexican Corporation.
Does it matter if its a non profit corp versus a for profit? Or is that issue only related to taxes, if any?
A US non-profit may own property in Mexico. However, the fact that it is a US non-profit will not exempt it from taxes in Mexico.
oh ok i c. What taxes will we pay in mexico? we will be owners and use the property for office space for our church? Thanks.
Mexican taxes are outside our area of expertise on this website.
ok understood. now finally, in these types of transactions..are there certain ways to undergo the transaction? meaning..a simple bank transfer from Chase bank in U.S. to a mexican bank the norm?
No, that will not work and could result in you losing the money without actually getting the title transferred to you. You need to hire a Mexican conveyancing company or real estate agent to set up the trasnaction for you and make sure that all the correct paper work is filled out. In the end, there will be an electronic transfer of funds, but it should be through an escrow agent.
Here is a guide I've found to buying property in Mexico that will be of use to you.
Please remember to rate my answer positively so that I may be compensated for my work on your question. Please also feel free to let me know if you have any further questions.
Yes I will provide credit.
Final thought, you mentioned we do not need to create a Mexican corp so therefore the property will be titled under teh U.S. Corp?
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A force for change
Nicolas Sarkozy wants reform in France
THE French turned out en masse on Sunday May 6th to elect Nicolas Sarkozy as their new president, handing him 53% of the vote, next to 47% for his Socialist rival, Ségolène Royal. Ms Royal conceded, just one minute after the first results were broadcast on election night, leaving the Gaullist 52-year-old former lawyer to take to the stage at a theatre in central Paris. Speaking of the "immense emotion" he felt, he declared that his was "not the victory of one France against another", and promised "to be the president of all the French."
Polls had made Mr Sarkozy the favourite for weeks, but the margin often looked narrow. Two elements seemed to have lifted his score late in the campaign. One was his performance during a televised debate with Ms Royal, in which he kept his cool and stuck to his policy briefs, while she lashed out at him with surprising aggression. The other was that, while Ms Royal made an abrupt turn away from her political base on the left in a bid to court the centre ground, Mr Sarkozy kept to his first-round message: essentially, that France has to change, that work needs to be valued, effort rewarded, and authority strengthened. In the end, he won not only some two-thirds of the far-right vote, but half of the centrist vote too—despite the decision of François Bayrou, the centrist leader, not to back Mr Sarkozy.
It was, in many ways, a remarkable performance. Mr Sarkozy was, until a few weeks ago, a minister in an unpopular government under a tired president, Jacques Chirac. This was the Socialist Party's election to lose. As it is, the Gaullists have now won three consecutive presidential polls, and are set for a run of 17 years in power. Mr Sarkozy's victory was built on a message of change—rupture is his favourite word—that many analysts considered far too risqué for the supposedly conservative French. This election has shown that, given leadership and a charismatic candidate, they too are ready to adapt their country. By sheer drive and political cunning, Mr Sarkozy managed to build up an electoral machine, through the party that Mr Chirac originally founded, and reinvent himself—30 years after entering electoral politics—as a force for change.
The question now is how far Mr Sarkozy will be able to implement some of the controversial reformist elements of his programme. In his election-night speech, he declared that "the French people have chosen change.” Among the first reforms that he intends to bring about are labour-market measures: he plans to secure minimum service on public transport during strikes; to break the big five unions' stranglehold on union representation; to change the unemployment-benefit rules to penalise those who refuse two job offers; and to introduce a single job contract with progressive rights.
Unlike President Chirac, who in 1995 also tried to bring about reform but had been elected on an uncontroversial promise to "heal the social fracture", Mr Sarkozy arrives in office with a clear mandate to change. Not only was his score high, but turn-out—at about 85%—was too. Mr Sarkozy knows that he has to move fast to capitalise on that. On minimum service for trains and buses, for instance, he says that he will let the unions and bosses' organisations try to negotiate a deal until the end of the summer; after that, in the absence of agreement, he will legislate. There will doubtless be resistance, and strikes and street protests are widely predicted. Indeed, on election night there were already clashes between riot police and anti-Sarkozy protesters.
Mr Sarkozy has until May 16th to name a prime minister—François Fillon is tipped for the job—who will form an interim government until legislative elections are held in June. The Socialist Party also needs to prepare to defend its parliamentary seats. But it is now under strain, with its moderate members and its left-wing already blaming each other for defeat. It may be that Mr Sarkozy's victory, and the humiliation of the third consecutive presidential defeat, is what it takes to force the Socialists finally to break with the past and construct a modern party of the left.
The numbers that need psychiatric treatment far exceed the supply of doctors
But a long war in Ukraine will test European resilience
Nobody is sure. That is why Joe Biden is careful in sending more potent weapons to Ukraine
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Congratulations to the Cleveland Cavaliers, winners of the NBA championship this week. It was quite a success story, especially since the team was down 3-1 before winning three straight games from the Golden State Warriors.
The Warriors had been the winningest team in NBA history in the regular season, winning an incredible 73 games and losing only 9.
But victory, in sports or in life, is seldom a matter of getting off to a good start. Rather, it comes to those who finish well.
Most NBA games are pretty boring until the fourth quarter, don’t you think? The clutch shots in the final minutes often make all the difference.
The Cavaliers played better than the Warriors in the final quarter. They finished well, and the Warriors didn’t.
Well, I find myself in the fourth quarter of life these days. From this vantage point, all the accomplishments or failures of the past decades will tend to be eclipsed by how the game of life ends. I’ve found that people tend to forget the opening moments but remember the game’s finale.
History is full of examples of this principle:
- George Washington seemed like a hapless leader in the early years of the American Revolution. But then he won.
- Abraham Lincoln was widely criticized and ridiculed during the Civil War. But then the Union forces won.
- Richard Nixon won reelection by a landslide. But then he resigned in disgrace when the Watergate scandal and cover-up came to light.
- TV preachers Jim Bakker and Jimmy Swaggart were both extremely popular during the pinnacle of their influence. Yet most people today remember them for their moral indiscretions.
- Apple founder Steve Jobs was booted out of the company at one point. But he achieved incredible success when he was asked to return several years later.
You see, it’s usually what happens in the fourth quarter that counts. That’s about all most people remember.
The Bible has a lot to say about finishing well. Kings like Saul and Solomon got off to a great start, but then got off track. In contrast, people like Peter and John Mark overcame momentary failure and finished the race with flying colors.
So, what does it take to finish well? Entire books have been written to answer that question.
The apostle Paul painted the picture of an Olympic runner who relentlessly pressed on toward the finish line, forgetting the successes and failures of the past (Philippians 3:12-14). In order to win the crown of victory, he recognized that he would need to run with purpose and self-discipline (1 Corinthians 9:24-27).
Hebrews 12:1-2 points out that life is an endurance race rather than a sprint. In order to compete for the long haul, we’re told to lay aside every unnecessary weight and burden. We’re challenged to honestly and ruthlessly deal with sins that would hamper our progress. And, most important of all, we’re reminded to fix our eyes on Jesus, the author and finisher of our faith.
In order to finish well, we all will need God’s grace and the support and accountability of good friends—people who love us unconditionally, but who love us enough to speak the truth even when it’s uncomfortable (Ephesians 4:15).
Here’s the good news, even if we see the clock clicking down: There’s still time to achieve victory and greater impact before the final buzzer sounds.
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17 SEPT 2019
Japan’s environmental minister has said the country may have to dump more than a million tons of radioactively contaminated water from the wrecked Fukushima nuclear plant into the ocean as storage runs short, sparking outrage among fishermen and environmentalists.
Tokyo Electric Power Co, or Tepco, the Fukushima plant’s owner, has been collecting the water, which has been used for cooling the cores of stricken reactors since they were hit by a tsunami in 2011.
“The only option will be to drain it into the sea and dilute it,” the minister, Yoshiaki Harada, told a news briefing in Tokyo, according to the Japan Times. “The whole of the government will discuss this, but I would like to offer my simple opinion.”
The water buildup at the Fukushima plant has long been a concern. Ever since the plant was ravaged by the disaster, Tepco has had to store contaminated cooling water in hundreds of special tanks it has brought to the site.
By now, the water levels are becoming critical and Tepco is running out of space to store it, prompting Harada’s remarks at a press conference last Tuesday.
Tepco said it will no longer be able to store anymore water by 2022, the Japan Times reported, but the minster offered no specifics in terms of how much water should be dumped into the ocean. Tepco officials have yet to comment on the minister’s remarks.
Tepco has attempted to remove most radionuclides from the excess water, but the technology does not exist to rid the water of tritium, a radioactive isotope of hydrogen. Coastal nuclear plants commonly dump water that contains tritium, which occurs naturally in nature, into the ocean.
But Tepco admitted last year that the water in its tanks still contains contaminants other than tritium, the Guardian reported.
Japanese government documents leaked to Britain’s Telegraph in October of last year would seem to confirm this. According to the report, the water still contains radioactive toxins like strontium, iodine, rhodium and cobalt in amounts that are “above legally permitted levels.”
According to the Telegraph report, these radionuclides could build up in the fish and shellfish that are such an important part of Japan’s fishing economy. Strontium accruing in the bones of small fish could lead to bone cancer or leukemia when consumed by humans.
Fisheries groups in Japan swiftly condemned Harada’s remarks at the Tuesday press briefing. The statements are “thoughtless, in light of his position,” as environmental minster, Tetsu Nozaki, head of the Fukushima Prefectural Federation of Fisheries Cooperative Associations, told the Japan Times. “I want calm discussions to be held,” he said, noting that a relevant government committee is continuing to discuss how to dispose of the water.
Nearby South Korea is also displeased about the impact such a dump would have on its own seafood industry. In August, Seoul summoned a senior Japanese embassy official to explain how Fukushima Daiichi’s waste water would be dealt with, the Guardian reported.
One recent study by Hiroshi Miyano, who heads a committee studying the decommissioning of Fukushima Daiichi at the Atomic Energy Society of Japan, said it could take 17 years to discharge the treated water after it has been diluted to reduce radioactive substances to levels that meet the plant’s safety standards.
Shaun Burnie, a senior nuclear specialist with Greenpeace Germany, told Reuters that Japan should commit to longterm storage of the water and rid it of all radioactivity including tritium.
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How to Find Your Audience
Whether you’re writing a blog, novel, memoir, or even social media content, it’s important to know for whom you’re writing and how to find your audience. Without a clear audience in mind, it’s impossible to tailor language, style, and content toward your targeted reader. Will they resonate with your characters? Are they familiar with your setting? Will they appreciate steamy romance, or shy away from it? You can’t answer these questions until you know who your readers are in the first place.
First, you should consider your selected genre. Which demographics most consume this type of content? Are they often a specific gender, race, ethnicity, or social class? Where do they tend to live? Do they reside in rural or urban environments? Write down a description of the person or persons which typically read this genre, listing their unique demographics.
Once you have this basic information, you can begin asking more specific questions about your reader. Might they be religious? What kinds of jobs might they work? What’s their community culture like? These more specific questions can offer insight into your readers’ personalities, likes and dislikes, and even core beliefs. Once again, write these things down, being as descriptive as possible and taking note of whether you know anybody in real life who fits this description. This will help you find your audience.
Perhaps you end up with one clear audience in mind, or maybe you end up with several. Either way, you’ll have a much clearer image to tailor your writing toward your particular audience. By reflecting on this and reading other texts targeting a similar audience, you can gain clarity regarding your own writing style and approach, asking yourself what would most resonate with your audience as you create your story, blog, caption, etc.
By identifying your audience before beginning the writing process, you’ll simplify your journey to writing a successful, relatable, and commercial piece to help you find your audience. And, as we all know, any step which simplifies the often fulfilling, writing journey, is a step well worth taking.
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Choosing the right college and career is a big decision for new students.
To help, the Northwest Iowa College Fair at Iowa Central Community College Wednesday gave provided glimpses of what's available.
Several hundred juniors and seniors from area high schools, as well as Iowa Central students, had the opportunity to talk to representatives from 74 colleges and military branches in the Career Education Building on the Iowa Central campus.
Des Moines Area Community College representative Ciel Friess, left, talks with Ethan Wiederin, a junior at Prairie Valley High School, about DMACC programs during the Northwest Iowa College Fair at Iowa Central Community College Wednesday morning.
Prairie Valley High School Junior Zoe Schneider fills out an information card at the
University of Northern Iowa booth.
Some students knew fully what they want to study and which colleges they wanted to talk to. Others attended to explore their options.
"I'm just getting started seeing what's out there," said Tagan Dodson, a Southeast Webster-Grand senior.
Sgt. Michael Trenary, with the Iowa National Guard, manned a table and explained to interested students how they could attend college while still getting military experience, and have at least a portion of their education costs covered.
"It all fits hand-in-hand with college," said Trenary.
Ethan Wiederin, a Prairie Valley High School junior, stopped to talk with a representative from Des Moines Area Community College. Although he has a year to consider his options, Wiederin is fairly sure he knows what he wants to study and where, he said.
"I'm pretty sure I'm going to go to DMACC," said Wiederin, "probably doing something in building trades."
Valeria Escamilla, a second-year Iowa Central student, stopped to get some information at the Iowa State University booth. Escamilla may transfer to Iowa State to study engineering.
"I'm in pre-engineering right now," she said. "I plan to continue with that."
Prairie Valley junior Jordan Ayala talked to college representatives. He was impressed with the education program at the University of Northern Iowa.
"I liked UNI," Ayala said, "but I'm still seeing what is out there. I think I'd like to go into teaching."
Zoe Schneider, another a Prairie Valley junior, was looking at her options, she said. She's interested in college athletics.
"I know I want to play volleyball," said Schneider, "and maybe do athletic training."
Nicholas Kavanaugh, an admissions representative for UNI, said he was pleased with the way the morning went.
"I talked with a lot of students," said Kavanaugh. "It stayed pretty constant all morning. I think it was a pretty good turnout."
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The global Visible Light Communication Market / Light Fidelity (Li-Fi) market is perched towards significant enlargement in next seven years, which can be accredited to the innovators’ espousal of these sophisticated systems and radical research & development. The VLC technology is foreseen to be deployed in many applications, such as communication, automotive applicability, and underwater communications due to research & development and low set-up cost. The communication solicitation fragment with respect to Li-Fi technology is poised to stance a great prospective for development in next seven years.
Full research report on Global Visible Light Communication (VLC) Market with detailed figures and charts available at:
Interferences from external light sources such as sunlight, incandescent bulbs, and opaque materials in the path of transmission may cause interruption in the VLC signals communication. Preliminary installation cost of the Li-Fi scheme is anticipated to pose a challenge to the Li-Fi market growth, but can be harmonized by large-scale realization of visible light communication systems. Adopting visible light communication technology is expected to condense ancillary operating expenses like electricity charges, and maintenance charges. Network coverage and consistency are some of the major apprehensions that companies are expected to face while providing VLC services.
Get more information on Global Visible Light Communication (VLC) Market or request for TOC of this research report at:
The visible light communication market can be isolated on the basis of components as integrated receiver, transmitter, modulators and demodulators. Based on the sub-missal integrity in the dynamic fields, the market can be secluded into automotive, healthcare, underwater communication, aerospace, smart stores, museums, and casinos systems.
Chief vendors furnishing contour in the visible light communication market include LVX System, Outstanding Technology Corporation, Purevisible Light Communication Ltd., and Nakagawa Laboratories, Inc. Organizations are also commissioning R&D activities to commercialize and enlarge the Li-Fi market. Some of these organizations include Smart Lighting Engineering Research Centre, LiFi Consortium, University of Oxford (U.K.), UC-Light Center (University of California, U.S.), University of Edinburgh, Visible Light Communication Consortium, and Keio University (Japan).
View more reports of this category by Grand View Research at:
The research and development taking place in Asia Pacific region is expected to attract key players towards the visible light communication market. Asia Pacific is prophesied as one of the leading markets over the forecast period. The viable backdrop of the Li-Fi market allies a spirited depiction of principal visible light communication technology vendors. The market is perched to observe large scale associations, concords, new-fangled merchandise instigations, and affiliations across the value delivery chain, with ciphered tier-one players around the globe.
About Grand View Research
Grand View Research, Inc. is a market research and consulting company that provides off-the-shelf, customized research reports and consulting services. To help clients make informed business decisions, we offer market intelligence studies ensuring relevant and fact-based research across a range of industries, from technology to chemicals, materials and energy. With a deep-seated understanding of varied business environments, Grand View Research provides strategic objective insights.
For more information, visit: http://www.grandviewresearch.com/
Company Name: Grand View Research, Inc.
Contact Person: Sherry James, Corporate Sales Specialist – U.S.A.
Email: email@example.com, firstname.lastname@example.org
Phone: 1-415-349-0058, Toll Free: 1-888-202-9519
Address:28 2nd Street, Suite 3036
City: San Francisco
Country: United States
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The 21-year-old passed away last month because her mother could not take her for treatment, fearing for their safety due to her past work as a judge.
It comes after this newspaper revealed more than 200 female former judges were stuck hiding from the Taliban in Afghanistan last September, with campaigners warning they were at risk of being killed by the Taliban after being removed from their jobs.
Taliban officials also freed thousands of prisoners, including terrorists and senior al-Qaeda operatives, after seizing power in mid-August as US and British forces withdrew, a move that left judges terrified of revenge attacks by former inmates.
Before the Taliban takeover, Afghanistan had roughly 250 female judges. While many have since fled, campaigners say around 80 remain trapped in the country.
Nasima*, whose daughter died from leukaemia on 4 May, said: “I lost one of my children – my third girl. She had blood cancer – leukaemia. She was so young with a lot of hopes and dreams for the future.
“I requested many times for us to be evacuated from Afghanistan to save her life. But no one helped me. I lost her. I have lost my whole life. Nobody can bring back my daughter. She didn’t want to die.”
Nasima explained that her daughter thought they may be able to flee Afghanistan to receive healthcare in a foreign country.
“When I cried, she said ‘Do not be sad mum, I am still alive’,” she recalled. “She lost the hair on her eyebrows because of cancer but she still had a smile on her face.
“I didn’t want my daughter to die because of my job as a female judge. That is why I could not take the risk of taking my daughter for treatment in hospital. I can’t put all my family at risk if the Taliban recognise me.”
Before the Taliban seized power, Nasima sent members of the Taliban and Isis to jail in her role as a judge.
“We sent kidnaping groups to prison,” she said. “All the criminals whose cases I gave a verdict on were released from jail. They can easily find me which would be very dangerous for me and my family.”
Nasima said she is recognisable among some Afghans for her role in supporting women’s rights. When the Taliban captured Kabul, she was forced to flee her home, she said.
“I was displaced from my own house which I had memories in with my family, especially with my daughter who is no longer alive.”
She explained she moved into her relatives’ home but they treated her badly due to being scared the Taliban would arrest them.
“The world must know what Afghan women are suffering with the Taliban in government,” Nasima added. “They closed schools for girls. They have eliminated us from politics, and they stop our salaries. Why is the world silent about our situation?”
She said some fellow female judges who applied to be resettled in the UK have received reference numbers for the Afghan Relocations and Assistance Policy (ARAP) scheme.
“The website for refuge clearly mentioned this visa is for those who were judges or worked in past government roles,” she said. “When we get this number, what should we do with this? We want to process our cases.
“Do you want to see our dead bodies which have been killed by the Taliban. If no, why don’t you process our documents? I tell this sad story as a mother to all who have feeling.”
The Taliban has tightened restrictions on women since regaining power from the western-backed democratic government, blocking them from the workplace and secondary education and barring them from all sports. Last month, women and older girls were ordered to cover their faces while out in public and to remain at home where possible.
Marzia Babakarkhail, who previously worked as a family court judge in Afghanistan but now lives in Manchester, said imprisoned terrorists and divorced husbands were now “free, powerful and have guns”.
She added: “In these cases, if any of them find their address, what will they do with them? It is clear they could kill you in order to seek revenge and more importantly, stop future women from taking part in activism.
“Unfortunately, we hear sad stories from those 80 Afghan women judges who are left in Afghanistan every day. Because the Taliban can do anything with their enemies.”
Ms Babakarkhail has accused the Taliban of trying to kill her in Afghanistan in 1997 and again in Pakistan in 2007.
She said female judges with reference numbers for the ARAP scheme had seen no progress with their visa applications.
“They are in such a bad situation [and] in dire need of help,” she said. “Why do their lives not matter to anyone? Please do not count us just as numbers. We are human beings. We are a part of your world and we fought for equality. I ask for action, not sympathy.”
A spokesperson for the Ministry of Defence said it was not able to comment “on individual ARAP applications”.
“We have relocated over 9,400 individuals and their dependents to the UK since the ARAP scheme began,” they added.
“We continue to progress applications as quickly as possible, recognising processing time can vary given the complexities of individual circumstances such as location, access to IT, employment history, security checks or family circumstances.”
*Name changed to protect her identity
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And of course, you'll see some adorable photos that will help explain all of the above. So if you are wondering why Pomeranians can look so different, let's take a closer look.
The Development of the Breed to Create Diverse Physical Traits
While some types of dog breeds were developed to hold one particular color or 1 certain pattern of coloring, the Pomeranian has quite a different story.
Its ancestors were medium to large sized Spitz dogs that mainly lived in the Arctic. They were only found with white coats.
During 1700's breeders worked on creating a smaller dog and during this time the size of the German Spitz was reduced by approximately 50%, which allowed for dogs that were 30–50 lbs. (14–23 kg).
During the late 1800's when Queen Victoria became smitten with the breed and established a kennel to bring down the size even further, what was considered to be a small Pomeranian at that time was in the 12 pound range (5.4 kg).
Color started to be introduced. Now, if breeders of that time had only wanted to bring reds into the Pomeranian line, today we would most likely only have white, orange and red solid Poms and partis that held combinations of those three. However, a huge variety of coloring was introduced. And each color brings about even more…
For example, bringing in black (which is dominant over white) produced the following different Pomeranians: pure black, black and white parti, blue (over time blue was created as it is a diluted black) & white and blue.
Bringing brown into the Pom line gave us the following different Pomeranians: solid brown, chocolate, light tan, and partis (which a mixture of all shades of brown ranging from dark to light).
As breeding was further developed, breeders began to find that recessive genes produced even more variety. For example, with Wolf Sable, neither dam nor sire needs to be a wolf sable color; as long as both carry the recessive gene for this coloring, puppies may be born wolf sable.
It must be noted that unlike many other breeds, colors were not bred OUT. During the development and refining of many other dogs breeds, if a certain 'non-desired' color were produced, those dogs would not be bred in an effort to produce only desired colors.
However, with the Pom, it become quite popular to have rare and exotic coloring and for this reason no color was even considered to be undesirable and therefore over many generations, just about every color imaginable was brought into the bloodline.
By the early 1900's the collective goal to produce a very small lap dog was reached as the majority of Pomeranians fit into the 3 - 7 lbs. (1.36 - 3.175 kg) range. Though there are many Pomeranian dogs that are larger and we will discuss this ahead.
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Once Were Weeds Now Superfoods
What makes a plant a weed? The definition is subjective and very much dependent on context but if it's of a hardy nature, invasive and nobody really likes it very much, greenery is more likely to be viewed as a pest than premium growth.
But once a weed, not always a weed. Some traditionally undesirable flora have been rebranded of late as easy-to-grow brain boosters, cancer fighters and natural antibiotics.
Dandelion - the Cancer Fighter
Commonly regarded as a pesky weed, Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) is now the subject of countless scientific studies investigating its ability to fight cancer.
Dandelion is a perennial plant with jagged, bright green leaves to 30cm long, a hollow flower stem to 30cm and one terminal yellow daisy.
It's rich in vitamins A, B complex, C and D, minerals including iron, potassium and zinc, and has been used for centuries in traditional Native American and Chinese medicine.
In recent years, medical studies have found evidence that dandelion either suppresses or decreases the growth of several kinds of cancer, including leukaemia, breast cancer and prostate cancer.
Dandelion is also a key ingredient in liver cleansing formulas because it stimulates the flow of bile from the liver and helps to break down liver fats.
Young dandelion leaves and flower petals can be used in salads, steamed, or added to stir-fries. For dandelion leaf tea, add boiling water to six broad, tender dandelion leaves, let stand for 10 minutes and add a little sweetener. Dandelion roots can be roasted to make a caffeine-free coffee substitute.
Gotu Kola - the Pharmaceutical flower
Gotu kola (Centella asiatica), also known as Asian pennywort, is a perennial with small kidney-shaped leaves that is commonly found in warmer parts of Australia. It has been shown to boost brain function and is effective in treating wounds and varicose veins.
Described as "a pharmacy in one herb", gotu kola contains vitamins A, B, C and D and minerals including calcium, chromium, cobalt, magnesium, manganese, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, selenium, silica and zinc.
It has been used for thousands of years in India and China to improve mental clarity, heal wounds and treat respiratory infections, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center (UMM).
Gotu kola is commonly used today to treat varicose veins and chronic venous insufficiency, a condition where blood vessels lose their elasticity, causing blood to pool in the legs, which then become swollen.
Gotu kola also contains compounds called triterpenoids, which have been shown to help heal wounds. "Some studies suggest that triterpenoids strengthen the skin, boost antioxidants in wounds and increase blood supply to the area," says UMM. "Based on these findings, gotu kola has been applied to the skin, or topically, for minor burns, psoriasis, preventing scars after surgery, and preventing or reducing stretchmarks."
Gotu kola has no equal in the treatment of general debility and decline, says Isabell Shipard in her comprehensive guidebook, 'How Can I Use Herbs In My Daily Life?'
"It is one of the most important rejuvenating herbs, particularly valued for revitalising nerve and brain cells, improving reflexes, helping digestion and promoting calmness," says Sunshine Coast-based Shipard.
"It's also a herb that students have used for renewing mental alertness and energy levels without the ‘jitteriness' some people may experience with coffee."
Shipard believes every person can benefit from taking gotu kola. "Start with eating two to three leaves 3cm in diameter, then, if desired and after several weeks, increase to five or six leaves.
Nasturtium - the Fast-Acting Natural Antibiotic
Nasturtium (Tropaelum majus), once a scorned weed but these days described as a "vigorous ground sprawler" is a hardy flowering plant from the mustard family and a fast-acting natural antibiotic.
Nasturtium’s peppery-tasting, saucer-shaped leaves and its brightly-coloured, trumpet-shaped flowers are both high in vitamin C and also contain vitamins B1, B2 and B3, as well as iron, calcium, phosphorus and manganese.
The oils of the nasturtium plant contain carotenoids and flavionoids - compounds that have been shown to boost the immune system and protect against carcinogens.
A combination of extracts from nasturtium and horseradish root was found to be effective in treating urinary tract infection (UTI), according to a 2006 study published in the Arzneimittel-Forschung journal. The study found that volatile mustard oils from the two plants killed or inhibited the growth of microorganisms like bacteria and were an effective treatment for both UTI and upper respiratory infections.
Be the first to know when enrollment reopens for the Food Matters Nutrition Certification Program. Join the waitlist here.
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This study used the extensive monitoring datasets of the Korea Ministry of Environment to examine trends in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in Han River raw water. To estimate the organic contents of water, we adopted allied parameters such as biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) as substitutes for DOC. Spatial and temporal analyses were performed on monthly BOD and COD data from 36 monitoring stations (14 for Main Han River, 7 for North Han River and 15 for South Han River) measured from 1989 to 2007. The results of trend analysis indicated that, on the whole, water quality according to BOD showed a downward trend at more than 67% of monitoring stations (9 for Main Han River, 6 for North Han River and 9 for South Han River). However, the water quality of COD showed an upward trend at more than 78% of monitoring stations (8 for Main Han River, 7 for North Han River and 13 for South Han River). The upward trend of COD contrary to the BOD trend indicates that there has been an increase in recalcitrant organic matter in Han River water that is not detectable by means of BOD.
Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is an importance substance in aquatic systems, playing an important role in the metabolic pathways of microorganisms and in the attenuation of ultraviolet radiation in freshwater ecosystems.
Dissolved organic carbon originates from the decomposition of organic materials introduced into aquatic systems via leaching and runoff from catchments, which may contain aquatic humic substances, hydrophobic bases, hydrophobic neutrals, hydrophilic acids, and hydrophilic neutrals.
Since DOC is precursor to disinfection (e.g. chlorine) byproducts (DBPs) such as trihalomethanes and haloacetonitriles, the level of DOC is of particular concern in reservoirs for drinking water. There is substantial evidence for DBPs having a negative impact on human health (e.g. mutagen and carcinogen),
which is the basis for regulations on DBP concentrations in drinking water worldwide.
The Han River located at the center of the Korean Peninsula plays a pivotal role as a source of drinking, industrial, and recreational water for more than 23 million people, including residents of the Seoul metropolitan area. During the last several decades, population growth, coupled with urban and industrial development in the watershed, has resulted in a deterioration of water quality. The increase of wastewater discharged from industrial facilities led to a dramatic decline in the water quality of the river during the 1960s and 1970s. Sequential water quality management policies, including the construction of sewage treatment facilities and other hygienic treatment facilities, have applied and improved the water quality of the Han River. Therefore, it is necessary to examine changes in the water quality, especially DOC, according to application of management policies. Results from a trend analysis can provide important information about DBP precursors throughout the Han River, toward the end of reducing DBP production in the drinking water supply.
This study analyzed long-term trends of DOC concentrations in Han River using non- parametric statistical methods. The monitoring datasets obtained from the Korea Ministry of the Environment were used to analyze the trend of DOC concentrations. Among the monitoring parameters, there was none directly measuring DOC, so adopted allied parameters such as biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) as substitutes.
2. Materials and Methods
- 2.1. Study Area
The Han River stems from Mt. Taebaek, passes through the Seoul metropolitan area, and flows westward to the Yellow Sea. The largest river in the central part of Korea, it also has the largest river basin (26,356 km
), occupying approximately a quarter of the country. The river has two main branches, the North Han River (10,698 km
) and the South Han River (12,929 km
), which merge at Paldang Lake located in the central part of Korea (37
The total monthly precipitation in the Han River basin is highly variable by season. It ranges from 22.9 mm per month in December to 353.7 mm per month in August (Korea Meteorological Administration, Korea). Approximately 70% of the annual precipitation is concentrated in the summer season, especially during the summer monsoon period (June-September). River flows reflect the seasonal variations in precipitation. The maximum discharge is observed during the summer monsoon period, while the minimum discharge is observed during the winter drying period.
The Han River has been an important source of drinking, industrial, agricultural, hydropower generation, and recreational water. Especially, the Paldang Lake supplies drinking water to more than 20 million people residing in the downstream Seoul metropolitan area. During the last several decades, population growth, coupled with urban and industrial development in the watershed, has resulted in a deterioration of water quality. Comprehensive water quality measurements have been conducted for more than 15 years at the monitoring stations covering the main stream of the river and several tributaries.
- 2.2. Statistical Analysis
The data used for statistical analysis were obtained from the Korea Ministry of the Environment (http://water.nier.go.kr/weis/). There are 36 monitoring stations in the Han River; 14 stations in the main stream of Han River, 7 stations in the North Han River, and 15 stations in the South Han River (
). Dissolved organic carbon was not measured at the monitoring stations. In addition, water quality parameters pertinent to DOC were not available among the constituents measured at the monitoring stations. Instead, a range of other water quality parameters were used to estimate DOC concentration: water color, BOD, and COD.
Among the water quality constituents measured at the monitoring stations, two parameters, BOD and COD, were selected to analyze trends in dissolved organic matter in the Han River. All methodologies were the standard methods proposed by the Korean Ministry of Environment for river and lake waters. BOD was determined from decreases in oxygen concentration after 5 -days’ incubation in the dark at 20℃. Chemical oxygen demand was determined after oxidation of organic matter in strong acid medium by K
for two hours.
A seasonal Mann-Kendall’s test, a nonparametric test, was used to determine the trends in water quality constituent concentrations. Since many environmental variables that are required assumptions for parametric tests are not normally distributed, nonparametric tests are more suitable for environmental data analysis. The seasonal Mann-Kendall’s test has been widely used in identifying water quality trends in previous studies.
The seasonal Kendall’s test is a robust nonparametric procedure in which the Mann-Kendall static, Kendall’s tau, is calculated for each user- defined season. The magnitude of the trend can be determined by the slope estimates, which are the median slope of all ranked seasonal regression slopes.
Since this estimation method assumes that the trend is constant during the period analyzed, in the case when the trend changes over time, it is not appropriate to determine variations in the trend. To show the patterns in the data, water quality data can be plotted against time with a smoothed, LOcally WEighted scatter plot Smoother (LOWESS) line as an overlay. The LOEWSS technique is a non-parametric smoothing procedure that uses a weighted, least squares regression model to fit observations within a specified window. It is a useful exploratory tool because it fits a regression model through data without making any assumption about what type of mode the data might fit. Using these non- parametric statistical techniques, long-term analyses of water quality parameters related with dissolved organic matter were conducted. All significant tests were tested at a 95% confidence level.
Water quality monitoring stations in the Han River
Water quality monitoring stations in the Han River
Han River (main stream) and water quality monitoring stations.
Han River (north branch) and water quality monitoring stations.
Han River (south branch) and water quality monitoring stations.
3. Results and Discussion
To estimate the amount of DOC, which was not always measured at all monitoring sites, data of the allied parameters, BOD and COD, was used in a number of cases. Dissolved organic carbon may contain biodegradable fraction and recalcitrant organic substances that resist the biological processes. A series of measurements and experiments have shown that the ratio of each fraction is variable and site- specific.
Compared to the BOD determined from the oxygen consumption by biological reactions, COD generally has higher values because it is determined from chemical oxygenation of recalcitrant organic materials such as humic substances. The recalcitrant organic materials derived from plant litter and soils generally contain significant aromatic carbon content.
Anthropogenic organic material stored in the soils can be discharged into aquatic systems.
In this study, a seasonal Mann-Kendall test was used to analyze the trend of Han River (main, north and south branches) during the period 1989 - 2007.
indicated the trend results.
Biochemical oxygen demand concentration of the main stream showed an increasing trend at one station, and decrease trend at 9 stations among 14 stations. The slope of Paldang Dam station is 0.010 mg/L/yr according the discharge of the Paldang Dam. The BOD trend of Paldang and Dogok before Wangsukcheon (stream) is downward, but the BOD concentration of Guri after Wangsukcheon had no trend. The inflow of Wangsukcheon offsets the downward trend of the main stream of the Han River. After the Anyangcheon stream, the BOD downward trend slope becomes higher and shows a peak value at Haengju (0.200 mg/L/yr). This is a positive effect of actions by government and citizens toward saving Anyangcheon. The BOD downward trend of the north branch from upstream to downstream increases because water quality management plans are focused on downstream. The BOD trend of the south branch is downward, especially after Pyeongchang River, Dalcheon Stream, Cheongmichoen Stream, and Seomgang River. Due to careless development at Donggang, its BOD trend is a little upward. The COD concentration of the main stream showed an upward trend from Paldang Dam to Noryangjin, but a downward trend after the inflow of Anyangcheon. The COD trend of the north branch showed upward at all monitoring stations, with a trend slope is from 0.033 ? 0.067 mg/L/yr. The COD trend of south branch showed upward at all monitoring stations except Yeongwol2 and Deogeunri, with a trend slope is from 0.13 ? 0.071 mg/L/yr.
shows the difference between the trend slopes of the BOD and COD concentrations. The absolute magnitude decrease in the BOD concentration is smaller than the increase in COD concentration. This indicates that the speed of decrease in BOD concentration by the several water quality management plans is slow. From Gayang to Gimpo, both BOD and COD concentrations have a downward trend, and at Haengju the peak value of BOD decrease is especially apparent.
Statistical measurements showed that the COD concentrations gradually increased throughout the analysis period, except some stations of the main branch, although BOD concentrations gradually decreased at most of the monitoring stations in the Han River. The gradual increase in COD is explained by the fact that more refractory organic materials are introduced into aquatic systems via leaching and runoff from the catchment by urban and industrial development in the watershed. Also, it has been known that climate change may significantly affect DOC
The trend result for the Han River (main, north and south branches). BOD: biochemical oxygen demand, COD: chemical oxygen demand.
The trend result of a representative station of the Han River (main, north, and south branches). BOD: biochemical oxygen demand, COD: chemical oxygen demand
concentration in rivers.
The rising temperature may enhance the activity of enzymes regulating carbon storage in land, which in turn stimulates the export of DOC from the terrestrial system.
As a result, the increased temperature may enhance the transport of DOC from the land into the freshwater environments, which increases DOC concentrations in lakes. In addition, the change of precipitation patterns accompanied by global warming could have increased the DOC concentration in the river and streams the several preceding decades.
The organic material fully decomposed in the land may discharge into the river by intensified precipitation followed by a long dry period, which could increase DOC concentrations, especially that of refractory organic material.
shows the seasonal Mann-Kendall and LOWESS result of representative stations of each branch. Biochemical oxygen demand graphs have little difference between the Mann-Kendall and LOWESS Line. The BOD concentration of Gangsang (south branch) has increased since 1994, although the overall trend is downward. The BOD trend of Jamsil (main branch) and Daesungri (north branch) station have downward trends, and the concentration has also decreased. On the other hand, COD shows an upward trend, while there is fluctuation in COD concentrations. The COD concentration at Jamsil is higher than other stations of South and North branches, but the trend slope is not high. The COD concentration at Daeseongri gradually increases from 1994 to 2008, and a similar trend between the Mann-Kendall and LOWESS line is observed. The concentration at Gangsang decreased from 2000 to 2003, but has increased since 2004.
This resulted from the rapid development and urbanization of the North and South branch without a proper water quality management plan.
This study used the extensive monitoring datasets of the Korea Ministry of Environment to examine the trend of DOC in Han River raw water. To estimate organic contents of water, we adopted allied parameters such as BOD and COD as substitutes for DOC. Spatial and temporal analyses of monthly data of BOD and COD were performed for 36 monitoring stations (14 for Main Han River, 7 for North Han River and 15 for South Han River) measured from 1989 to 2007.
The results of the trend analysis indicated that, on the whole, the BOD concentration showed a downward trend at more than 67% of the monitoring stations (9 for Main Han River, 6 for North Han River and 9 for South Han River). However, the COD concentration showed an upward trend at more than 78% of monitoring stations (8 for Main Han River, 7 for North Han River and 13 for South Han River).
This supports the conclusion that a water quality management plan for the Han River improves its water quality, especially as indicated by the decrease in BOD concentration caused by dissolved organic matter. The upward trend of COD, contrary to the BOD trend, indicates that there has been increase of recalcitrant organic matter in the Han River water which could not be detected as BOD.
This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MEST) (No. 2009-0093463).
Wetzel Robert G
Gradient-dominated ecosystems - sources and regulatory functions of dissolved organic-matter in fresh-water ecosystems
Williams Peter J. leB
Evidence for the seasonal accumulation of carbon-rich dissolved organic material its scale in comparison with changes in particulate material and the consequential effect on net C/N assimilation ratios
Schindler David W
Curtis P. Jefferson
Bayley Suzanne E
Parker Brian R
Beaty Ken G
Stainton Michael P
Climate-induced changes in the dissolved organic carbon budgets of boreal lakes
Characterization of dissolved organic matter in effluents from wastewater treatment plants
The fate of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the wastewater treatment process and its importance in the removal of wastewater contaminants
Environmental Science and Pollution Research
Villanueva Cristina M
Cantor Kenneth P
Jaakkola Jouni J. K
King Wil D
Lynch Charles F
Disinfection Byproducts and Bladder Cancer: A Pooled Analysis
Ahmed Ahmed E
Campbell Gerald A
Neurological impairment in fetal mouse brain by drinking water disinfectant byproducts
Muellner Mark G
Wagner Elizabeth D
Richardson Susan D
Plewa Michael J
Haloacetonitriles vs Regulated Haloacetic Acids: Are Nitrogen-Containing DBPs More Toxic?
Environmental Science & Technology
Council Directive 98/83/EC of 3 November 1998 on the quality of water intended for human consumption
Off J Eur Communities
National primary drinking water regulations: stage 2 disinfectants and disinfection byproducts rule
Ministry of Environment Republic of Korea
Water environment of Seoul: The status of the environment in the city of Seoul
Ministry of Environment Republic of Korea
The flux of carbon from rivers: the case for flux from England and Wales
Lettenmaier Dennis P
Hooper Eric R
Faris Kathleen B
Trends in Stream Quality in the Continental United States 1978-1987
Water Resources Research
Spatial analysis for spring bloom and nutrient limitation in Xiangxi bay of three Gorges Reservoir
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
Zipper Carl E
Holtzman Golde I
Darken Patrick F
Gildea Jason J
Stewart Roger E
Virginia USA Water Quality 1978 to 1995: Regional Interpretation
JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association
Spatial and Temporal Variations of Water Quality in the Han River and Its Tributaries Seoul Korea 1993-2002
Water Air and Soil Pollution
Multi-scale analysis of oxygen demand trends in an urbanizing Oregon watershed USA
Journal of Environmental Management
Spatial analysis of water quality trends in the Han River basin South Korea
Statistical methods in water resources
Growth of bacterioplankton and consumption of dissolved organic carbon in the Sargasso Sea
Aquat Microb Ecol
Measurement of biodegradable dissolved organic carbon (BDOC) in lake water with a bioreactor
Malcolm Ronald L
The uniqueness of humic substances in each of soil stream and marine environments
Analytica Chimica Acta
Effects of burning and grazing on carbon sequestration in a Pennine blanket bog UK
Export of organic carbon from peat soils
Climate change (Communication arising): Terrestrial export of organic carbon
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Cambodia had seen success in its efforts to lower its numbers of new HIV infections and to address the impacts of HIV among men who have sex with men, people who inject drugs and people who earn income through sex. But it was not until about a year ago, when the numbers of people known to have HIV in the rural community of Roka jumped from four to 30, that the consequences of another high risk became clear. While more than 5 percent of medical injections administered in the Western Pacific region were estimated in 2013 to have been performed with reused equipment, investigators note, it was the sharp rise of new infections in Roka that drew Cambodian health authorities’ attention to the dangers of unnecessary and unsafe injections for medical purposes, often administered by unlicensed practitioners.
This week’s Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention details the findings of an investigation of a cluster of HIV infections that began in November 2014 with the diagnosis of a 74-year-old man in Roka, followed by the diagnoses of two more of his family members, all of whom had received medical injections from an unlicensed practitioner. In the next three months, more than 2,000 residents of the community were tested for HIV and a team that had come to Roka to investigate the cluster had confirmed 242 cases there. Investigators found indications that those diagnosed with HIV were about five times as likely to have have received a medical injection, and four times as likely to have received an intravenous infusion than those who were not diagnosed with HIV.
The investigators’ report makes note of the cluster of HIV infections in rural Indiana propelled by shared needles and syringes among people injecting drugs that drew notice shortly after the Roka investigation. Both, they point out illustrate “the explosive outbreak potential when HIV is introduced into settings where contaminated needles are shared.”
Cambodian officials, according to the report, are responding with guidance to local health departments, heightened enforcement of medical licensing regulations and increased access to HIV testing and treatment. Still ahead will be work to promote awareness of infection control and alternatives to injections among health workers.
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Personal data helps us to deliver exceptional services to young people and their communities in and around Roehampton. We may collect personal information when people engage with us for a number of reasons, and this helps us to deliver our services and enhance user experience.
In addition to this, the young people we work with, parents or other parties may share private information with our youth workers, mentors or staff. We are committed to ensuring this is kept confidential and that any one who engages with Regenerate is protected from their data or information being shared.
- – Recognises that trust is essential for good youth work practice and this is the foundation for all relationships within Regenerate: Maintaining confidentiality is an integral part of building trust between young people, volunteers, and the organisation, and will be respected at all times, except from where it conflicts with child protection concerns.
- – Is committed to ensuring that young people are able to share information in a confidential manner
- – Aims to put the safeguarding of personal data at the centre of everything we do, and to manage personal data respectfully and responsibly.
- – Is committed to protecting children, young people, staff, volunteers, families and anyone else we work with by ensuring the safe processing of their data.
- – Strictly follow the 8 guiding principles laid out by the Data Protection Act (2018) when obtaining, handling and storing personal information.
WE SEEK TO KEEP DATA AND INFORMATION CONFIDENTIAL BY:
- – Only obtaining or holding data that an individual has given consent for and only for specified purposes provided to the individual.
- – In the case f sensitive data (such as race, religious belief, sexuality) we ensure that the individual is informed that this type of data is being held, told the reason for it and has given specific consent. Photographs also count as sensitive data and permission is always obtained before taking or using photos of anyone.
- – Holding any personal data securely, either in a locked filing cabinet if physical copies are kept, or in password protected folders. Only the necessary staff members should have access to this information.
- – Ensuring any data that is no longer needed is destroyed safely. We also conduct regular reviews of files to ensure that it is not kept for longer than required.
- – Only sharing information with other organisations when we ave permission from the individual and when there is a clear reason to do so for their benefit, for example to make referrals for further resources or provisions.
- – Never selling any data
- – On request, giving individuals copies of all personal information Regenerate keeps about them, and deleting or editing anything as requested by the individual. Identification of the data subject and legitimacy of the request will always be verified before releasing personal information.
- – We will not discuss with anyone any information given by a young person in confidence, unless there is a child protection concern or the young person gives their permission. Child protection concerns relate to instances where:
- There is reason to believe that the young person or another young person, is in danger or being harmed. In this case the young person will be told that the information has to be shared with the appropriate agencies and encourage to agree with this. OR
- The young person discloses that they are involved, or plan to become involved in acts of terrorism.
- – All workers and volunteers at Regenerate are expected to uphold the organisation’s commitment to confidentiality. Any cases where someone is found to be failing to uphold our confidentiality policy or being careless with the protection of data will be reviewed, and disciplinary action taken as appropriate.
We are happy to clarify any of the information in our data protection policy and answer any questions.
Please direct these to (CLARE?)
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quinta-feira, junho 24, 2004
Contra a Harmonização Fiscal e a Sobretaxação
O Economica Research Institute é uma organização transnacional que se propõe lutar contra as sobretaxação que impera na maior parte dos países-membros da UE e a tentativas de harmonização fiscal.
The Institut de Recherches Economiques et Fiscales, an independent research organisation pooling the experience of fifteen economists from several European nations, clearly demonstrated that the same taxation imposed on all increased the total, already excessive, tax pressure is a hampering burden on Europe.
During the ten years in which this burden was heaviest, the human resources of Europe have emigrated : entrepreneurs, investors, young graduates are living far from their countries of origin, in their quest for a more favourable cultural and economic environment.
In a false search for equality, tax harmonisation is a brake applied to economic growth. Europe's survival depends, on the contrary, on more competitive taxation .
This debate is not merely technical. It is a central to the kind of society and the Europe we want to build.
Sign up for the fight!.
posted by Miguel Noronha 2:21 da tarde
Comments: Enviar um comentário
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Randomised clinical trial: the effects of amitriptyline on drinking capacity and symptoms in patients with functional dyspepsia, a double-blind placebo-controlled study.
Author(s): Braak B, Klooker TK, Wouters MM, Lei A, van den Wijngaard RM, Boeckxstaens GE
Affiliation(s): Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Publication date & source: 2011-09, Aliment Pharmacol Ther., 34(6):638-48. Epub 2011 Jul 19.
Publication type: Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND: Functional dyspepsia is one of the most prevalent (15-40%) functional gastrointestinal disorders. Antidepressants such as amitriptyline are often used in these patients, but clinical studies are currently lacking. AIM: To evaluate the effect of 8 weeks of treatment with amitriptyline on drinking capacity, symptoms evoked by a standardised drink test (primary endpoint) and clinical symptoms (secondary endpoint). METHODS: Patients meeting the Rome III criteria for functional dyspepsia (FD) were invited to participate in a double blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial and were treated with either amitriptyline (12.5-50 mg) or placebo during 8 weeks. All included patients underwent a nutrient drink test before and after treatment. Drinking capacity and evoked symptoms were recorded. In addition, dyspeptic symptoms were weekly assessed using PAGI SYM (patient assessment of upper gastrointestinal symptom severity index) questionnaire. RESULTS: Thirty-eight patients (amitriptyline n=18, placebo n=20; age 41+/-2year, 61% F) completed the study. The drinking capacity of liquid meal was not affected by either amitriptyline or placebo treatment. Postprandial symptoms were not significantly different between amitriptyline and placebo. During the entire treatment, total symptom score (0.47 points, P=0.02) and nausea (0.86 points, P=0.004) on PAGI SYM were significantly reduced by amitriptyline compared with placebo. CONCLUSIONS: Amitriptyline did not affect drinking capacity and postprandial symptoms evoked by the drink test in FD patients. However, total clinical symptom score and nausea were reduced during 8 weeks of treatment. Our data suggest that amitriptyline particularly improves nausea in functional dyspepsia, but larger clinical trials are needed to further confirm our findings. (c) 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
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The Cape Ann Animal Aid in Gloucester, with about 100 cats and dogs, is a place where the once-controversial “no-kill” shelter movement has taken root, part of the transformation in the treatment of unwanted animals in Massachusetts and across the country.
The shelter does not euthanize its dogs or cats, unless they are gravely ill or overly aggressive. It tries to get them all adopted.
The organization is a small part of the no-kill movement, which started as a reaction to common shelter practices years ago, when large numbers of saveable, adoptable animals were euthanized by shelters, often after a short time, for space reasons.
Most no-kill shelters say that at least 90 percent of the animals taken in are adopted.
The Cape Ann shelter, which recently moved into a new, 7,500-square-foot building, handles 700 to 800 adoptions a year, said executive director Sunniva Buck.
“We don’t euthanize for age, space, or length of stay,” said Buck. They do euthanize for aggressive behavior or health, like other shelters.
Buck said people are more ready to adopt from a shelter than in years past. People understand that shelter pets don’t necessarily have special needs; sometimes they’re just victims of a breadwinner who lost his or her job, or an owner who became sick.
Since the no-kill shelter movement began increasing in popularity, the number of euthanizations nationally has dropped dramatically — by one estimate, from about 15 million in 1970 to 3.4 million. The dropoff was aided by aggressive programs to educate the public about spaying or neutering and sophisticated animal adoption marketing.
Renewed interest in animal welfare comes as the state revealed the success of a public financing program that has raised about $250,000 for the spaying, neutering, and vaccinations of homeless animals by private and public organizations. Michael Cahill, the director of the state’s Division of Animal Health, said the money was raised between February and June through a tax checkoff on last year’s state income tax returns. The money also will be used to train community animal control officers.
A committee is expected to meet for the first time on Sept. 25 to begin deciding how the funds will be distributed, Cahill said.
Spaying and neutering homeless animals has helped reduce the number of euthanizations, said animal advocates.
Massachusetts has about 270 animal shelters registered with the state, although it’s not clear how many call themselves no-kill shelters or how many animals they take in or adopt out. Data in Massachusetts is scarce because it’s not collected by the state.
About 39 shelters are in the Globe North circulation area. Most appear to be no-kill shelters, and many are small and run on tiny budgets.
They support themselves with donations, small grants, and fees for adoptions. The organizations say the adoption fees, which can range from $150 on up, do not cover all their costs, which can include vaccinations, medical care, spaying or neutering, and even microchips.
‘We are working toward a goal that every animal that comes in to us finds a home.’
Forgotten Angels Shelter, which serves the Westford area, is a no-kill foster agency that places cats in homes until they are adopted.
Julie Porter-Brooks, the founder and president, said they have about 30 cats in about 10 foster homes, with another 10 cats on a waiting list. It can take as long as a year for a cat to get adopted.
She understands the role of shelters that are not no-kill, but couldn’t work for one herself. “I completely understand what they do,” said Porter-Brooks, who has four foster cats and two of her own. “The bottom line is there are too many animals out there.”
She euthanizes only if the cat is dying. She finds homes for about 70 to 100 cats a year, she said.
Even with the popularity of no-kill shelters, some tension remains between the no-kill advocates and those who run what are known as “open-admission’’ shelters, which take in all animals, but also have a much higher rate of euthanasia.
Workers in open-admission shelters point out that they take in all animals, including the young and old, healthy and sick. They sometimes point out that no-kill shelters turn away more animals than they take in because of lack of space.
That leaves open admission shelters to sometimes euthanize ill or aggressive animals turned away by no-kill shelters.
But most on both sides emphasize they have common ground because they share the same goal: finding good homes for all animals.
Jean Weber, the director of the animal protection division of the Boston-based Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, agrees.
“We may have different philosophies, but we’re working in the same direction,” she said. “We are working toward a goal that every animal that comes in to us finds a home.”
In 2012, the MSPCA took in 10,500 animals and 8,200 were adopted, close to 80 percent. That’s a rate that has been steadily improving, she said. It was about 71 percent in 2011.
The organization, which is the state’s largest shelter by some measures, has facilities in Boston, Centerville, and Methuen.
The state’s range of animals taken in is breathtaking — cats, dogs, rabbits, guinea pigs, birds, ferrets, horses, and other farm animals. Nearly 70 percent are cats.
The MSPCA does not euthanize dogs because of a lack of space, but it does euthanize cats for space and health issues, typically in the spring through early fall. “They are really challenging for us. They are prolific breeders,” she said.
The MSPCA is very active in spaying and neutering feral cats, which has reduced their population, and led to fewer euthanizations.
The group also has 600 foster homes that last year fostered 2,300 animals. Nine out of 10 were cats and kittens.
The Lowell Humane Society is also an open admissions shelter, said manager Crystal Arnott.
She doesn’t like the term no-kill. “It’s a lot more gray than black and white,” she said, noting that most no-kills do in fact euthanize some of the time.
The society takes in all animals, no matter their age, medical condition, or behavior. That means they take in some very old, very sick, or very aggressive animals, some of which get euthanized. The shelter does not euthanize based on space or length of time an animal has been there.
About 85 percent of cats and dogs, which is the vast majority of the shelter’s 1,200 animals a year, are adopted, she said.
Some shelters take a nuanced approach to how they describe themselves.
The Animal Rescue League, which rescued and treated about 4,500 animals last year, does not consider itself a no-kill shelter, but rather a limited- or flexible-admission shelter, said Dr. Martha Smith-Blackmore, vice president of animal welfare. “We do euthanize” animals that are terribly sick, she said. The organization decided not to call itself a no-kill, she said, because it’s insulting to colleagues and other organizations that don’t have the financial luxury to “save all the saveables.”
Shelters, if they deal with adopting animals from within Massachusetts, are required to be an IRS nonprofit, to register with the attorney general as a charity, and to register with the state Department of Agriculture as a shelter or rescue organization, said the state’s Cahill.
No inspections are required. However, a possible new regulation would require adopted animals to be certified as healthy by a veterinarian.
Shelters did not have to register as recently as 2005, he said. But that changed after complaints from people who adopted animals that turned out to be ill or to have behavioral problems they were not aware of.
Nathan Winograd, a nationally known activist who has helped set up no-kill shelters across the country, is delighted at how the movement has spread.
“It is extremely exciting to see a movement that 15 years ago was seen as radical, or fringe or hopelessly optimistic, turned into a movement that is not just gaining traction but is becoming mainstream,” said Winograd, who is the director of the No Kill Advocacy Center, a San Francisco nonprofit.Matt Carroll can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.org or followed @GlobeMattC.
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ultraviolence is a valid word in this word list. For a definition, see the external dictionary links below.
The word "ultraviolence" uses 13 letters: A C E E I L L N O R T U V.
No direct anagrams for ultraviolence found in this word list.
Words formed by adding one letter before or after ultraviolence (in bold), or to aceeillnortuv in any order:
s - ultraviolences
Try a search for ultraviolence in these online resources (some words may not be found):
Wiktionary - OneLook Dictionaries - Merriam-Webster - Google Search
Each search will normally open in a new window.
All words formed from ultraviolence by changing one letter
Browse words starting with ultraviolence by next letter
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The notion of future uncertainty is partly related to David Hume’s difficult philosophical problem of induction. According to Hume, we have no basis for believing that induction is rational. Human beings use induction out of habit, but there is no rational justification for this belief in induction. Although a full discussion of the problem of induction is not what I want to do here, a few comments can be made.
In brief, induction is the use of a finite number of specific observations to make a general conclusion. The most common form is the use of past observations of events to infer a general conclusion about how nature will behave in the future (e.g., gravity will continue to operate tomorrow or 10 minutes from now). But we can just as easily appeal to observed events in the recent past or present to make a general conclusion about the past (e.g., miracles do not happen in the past). The conclusion of an inductive argument is only probable and never certain.
The trouble is that observation of a finite number of events in the past does not seem to justify the belief that events will continue to happen in this way in the future. One solution to the problem is to assume the uniformity of nature. But even here the assumption that nature is uniform requires an inductive argument, so the reasoning is circular (and note that the radical sense of uncertainty that emerges in the absence of a justification for induction and the uniformity of nature is rather different from Keynesian uncertainty, which relates to future events for which no measurable probability can be given, as we will see below). Various philosophers have tried to solve the problem of induction (Will 1953; Edwards 1965; Strawson 1952; BonJour 1998; Salmon 1974), but many believe there is no satisfactory justification. Hume concluded that we use induction out of habit but with no legitimate basis, and modern evolutionary psychologists might argue that our ability to instinctively reason inductively is an innate property of the brain (like language or moral sentiments), which we have acquired by evolution, even though there is no rational justification for it.
Probably the best solution to the problem of induction (for both the natural and social sciences) is the use of Karl Popper’s critical rationalism (even though Popper’s critical rationalism seems to be widely criticised in modern analytic philosophy [Musgrave 2004: 16–17], and another complaint is that, while many working scientists claim to be Popperians in method, in practice they behave like good Bayesian inductivists [Evans 2007: 33]).
Popper adopts the hypothetico-deductive method, with falsification (not verification) of hypotheses by empirical evidence the key. In hypothetico-deduction, we use the method of forming a hypothesis, deducing predictions or conclusions from it, then empirically testing the predictions or conclusions, and thereby attempting to falsify the hypothesis. Popper comes to an astonishing conclusion:
“I go further than Hume: I hold that inductive procedures simply do not exist (not even low-level ones) and that the story of their existence is a myth” (Popper 1983: 118; see also Musgrave 2004: 18).Induction is also unnecessary: we simply do not need it. In the natural sciences and other scientific inquiry, what really happens is that we use deduction, especially by means of the modus tollens and the elimination of erroneous hypotheses by empirical evidence, in a process of trial and error (more on this below).
John Maynard Keynes’ Treatise on Probability (1921) was an attempt to answer Hume on the problem of induction. Keynes took the view that induction was justified by a relation of probability which was objective (although later he conceded that probability was not an objective relation). But Keynes also came to argue that there must be a distinction between risk and uncertainty.
Risk is something where a measurable probability can be given to outcomes, e.g., the probability of rolling a 3 when throwing a dice is 1 in 6 (Glickman 2003: 366). In contrast, we face fundamental uncertainty about many other events, and no measurable probabilities can be assigned (e.g., what the interest rate will be in 10 years time). This distinction between risk and uncertainty was also made by Frank Knight.
Keynes’s conception of uncertainty applies to what is technically called a nonergodic stochastic system (Davidson 2002: 187). Our economies are such complex systems, as are many other economic phenomena (e.g., stock markets and financial markets).
We face fundamental ontological or metaphysical uncertainty about many events in the future, a state of affairs which – when applied to economics – can be called “Keynesian uncertainty” (or uncertainty in the sense of Frank Knight, Keynes, George L. S. Shackle and Ludwig Lachmann).
Since there is fundamental uncertainty about many economic variables in the future (particularly in the long-term future), investment decisions cannot be based on a firm calculation of probabilities of future earnings. Since subjective preferences can change in the future, not all investment decisions today will be profitable in the future. The process involved in decision-making about investment and the action of investment itself is not rational calculation.
There is a time difference between production of commodities and the successful sale of those commodities at a profit, and so even the production of commodities has a speculative element, in which decisions to invest in production involve habits of minds, instincts, and conventions.
Thus the investment decisions of a firm are based on expectations of future earnings, which are not necessarily rational at all. When investment decisions are made, they are done under conditions of subjective expectations by business, and the expectations depend on what Keynes called “animal spirits” (for the original concept, see Gerrard 1994). Keynes discussed the factors influencing long-run expectations in Chapter 12 of the General Theory. Because of uncertainty about the future, expectations in investment decisions is not a matter of mathematical calculation. Decisions to invest are taken
“as a result of animal spirits – of a spontaneous urge to action rather than inaction, and not as the outcome of a weighted average of quantitative benefits multiplied by quantitative probabilities” (Keynes 2008 : 144).The term “animal spirits” was borrowed by Keynes from Descartes (Gerrard 1994: 15), and whether or not modern psychology provides support for Keynes’ idea that we have a “spontaneous urge to action rather than inaction” is really irrelevant. The fundamental point here is that, because of uncertainty about the future and changing subjective preferences of consumers and other exogenous factors driving supply and demand, there can be no genuine rationality in expectations. Expectations are subjective, and the investment decision is essentially non-rational.
There has been a resurgence of interest in subjective expectations since the great recession of 2008/2009, and most notably the New Keynesians George A. Akerlof and Robert J. Shiller have published a book studying this subject (Animal Spirits: How Human Psychology Drives the Economy, and Why It Matters for Global Capitalism, 2009).
Neoclassical economics in its various forms (e.g., general equilibrium analysis, the efficient market hypothesis, and New Classical economics) assumes the ergodic axiom, the belief that the future can be known or events in the future given objective probabilities. But recognition of the ontological uncertainty of events in the future and changing subjective preferences means that events cannot be quantified in terms of probabilities. This destroys the basis of rational expectations and other neoclassical theories.
In the face of the shock of the financial crisis in 2008, the severe global recession in 2008–2009, and debt deflation, business expectations across the world plummeted. The destruction of optimistic expectations is undoubtedly an important factor that will mire many economies around the world in periods of stagnation with low growth and high unemployment in years to come. The Keynesian resurgence and stimulus packages in many countries in 2008–2009 prevented a depression, but much more stimulus is needed in the major economies to restore better growth and to bring unemployment down (there are of course other problems too, such as poorly regulated financial markets and loss of manufacturing in countries like the US that will have to be fixed). Government spending and fiscal stimulus can help to overcome the poor business expectations in many countries.
To return to an earlier point above, how can we justify government intervention in the face of uncertainty? If one accepts that induction can be justified (perhaps along the lines of Will 1953 or Strawson 1952), then obviously one could use an inductive argument for government intervention.
But, if we argue that induction has severe philosophical problems and cannot be justified, how in fact do we justify the hypothesis that government stimulus packages should be used and will work? My answer is that we do not need inductive arguments. We can use Karl Popper’s hypothetico-deductive method to test Keynesian hypotheses about stimulus. Our Keynesian models of stimulus will make predictions about what will happen to an economy, and, if they are not falsified by the empirical evidence, they will have passed the test of falsification, just as they have many times in the past. Popper argued that the hypothetico-deductive method was fundamental to both the natural sciences and social sciences, and he makes a good case for this (Popper 1976: 130–143; Milonakis and Fine 2009: 262–263). In short, induction is unnecessary, and economic methodology can be hypothetico-deductive with falsification of hypotheses by empirical evidence, as M. Blaug (1992) has also argued.
The issue of how Popper’s critical rationalism should be properly applied to economics is not my purpose, and the issue is a difficult one.
Of course, there are numerous economists who do not think that a strict Popperian methodology of economics is workable (Caldwell 1985: 126), and on this subject one can consult as a starting point the critical essays in N. De Marchi (ed.). The Popperian Legacy in Economics: Papers Presented at a Symposium in Amsterdam, December 1985 (Cambridge and New York, 1988), with a response by L. A. Boland (1990–1992).
Lawrence A. Boland contends that economists promoting a Popperian methodology for economics have not fully understood Popper’s critical rationalism, and have been misled by Imre Lakatos’s alleged distortion of Popper’s thought by overemphasizing the role of falsificationism (Boland 2006: 222–223). Boland (2006: 223–224) believes that an Imre Lakatos-inspired and pseudo-Popperian method has been adopted by some proponents of a Popperian methodology for economics.
Although this question requires a post in its own right, there is no doubt that Popper argued for the unity of method and the importance of hypothetico-deduction in the The Poverty of Historicism:
“I … propose a doctrine of the unity of method; that is to say, the view that all theoretical or generalizing sciences make use of the same method, whether they are natural sciences or social sciences …. I do not intend to assert that there are no differences whatever between the methods of the theoretical sciences of nature and of society …. But I agree with Comte and Mill—and with many others, such as C. Menger—that the methods in the two fields are fundamentally the same (though what I understand by them may not be what they had in mind). The methods always amount to deductive causal explanation, prediction, and testing, as sketched in the foregoing section. This has sometimes been called the hypothetico-deductive method, or more often the method of hypothesis, for it does not achieve absolute certainty for any of the scientific statements which it tests; rather, these statements always retain the character of tentative hypotheses, even though their character of tentativeness may cease to be obvious after they have passed a great number of severe tests” (Popper 1976: 130–131).I will note in conclusion that a Critical Realist methodology is often proposed for Post Keynesianism (King 2002: 197–200; Jespersen 2009), and that this position might be compatible with the core elements of a Popperian methodology too (King 2002: 253–254; Jespersen 2009: 57–62), and that in his later work Popper appears to have moved closer to Critical Realism (Lawson 1999: 8–9).
APPENDIX 1: THE PARADOX OF INDUCTION?
I noted above that an intuitive ability to reason inductively is probably an innate trait of the human mind, given to us by evolution by natural selection. Animals, for example, appear to use rudimentary induction in probability calculations when they forage for food (Real 1991).
Even though there is no rational justification for it, why then has induction been so successful and obviously selected for as a survival trait? Even if Popper and Hume are right, we are faced with the paradox that we appear use induction very frequently and that it is a successful form of reasoning, by and large (the fact that induction is of limited use in non-ergodic stochastic systems and that we can err in our inductive arguments does not change this fact [for a list of common fallacies in defective inductive reasoning, see Copi and Cohen 2005: 140–145]).
That inductive reasoning has been highly successful and useful in increasing our chances of survival (and was thus selected by evolution) does not necessarily mean that is it rationally justified, of course.
For example, the belief in life after death might very well help some human beings overcome the trauma and stress of losing a loved one or even contemplating their own death (perhaps it might even make them healthier and better able to survive?), but it is still an irrational, unjustified idea.
But the success of induction is presumably explained by the uniformity of nature which has persisted since the first living things with rudimentary inductive reasoning evolved (for example, if the law of gravity had stopped working 1 million years ago, then all land animals would simply have floated off the planet into space and been killed, and there would be no human beings today; the fact that we are here strongly suggests that basic natural laws have remained uniform).
Human beings have also evolved to use induction. I am aware that this is somewhat similar to Willard Van Orman Quine’s (1908–2000) naturalized epistemology and his explanation of why induction is successful. Quine argues that, while Darwinian evolution does not justify induction, it must explain why it is so effective (Derksen 2000: 27–28; Quine 1975; as an aside, Quine also argues that there is no synthetic/analytic distinction. Thus analytic propositions are just firmly-held synthetic propositions, and there are no real a priori propositions. Quine agrees with Popper that the essence of science is the falsificationist hypothetico-deductive method). And, if the uniformity of nature continues to hold in the future, then presumably inductive reasoning will continue to be successful in those areas where it works well.
Akerlof, G. A. and R. J. Shiller, 2009. Animal Spirits: How Human Psychology Drives the Economy, and Why It Matters for Global Capitalism, Princeton University Press, Princeton.
Barkley Rosser, J. 2001. “Uncertainty and Expectations,” in R. P. F. Holt and S. Pressman (eds), 2001. A New Guide to Post Keynesian Economics, Routledge, London and New York. 52–64.
Blaug, M. 1992. The Methodology of Economics, or, How Economists Explain, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge and New York, NY.
Boland, L. A. 2003. “Dealing with Popper in Economic Methodology,” Philosophy of the Social Sciences 33: 477–498.
Boland, L. A. 2006. “Seven Decades of Economic Methodology: A Popperian Perspective,” in I. Jarvie, K. Milford, and D. Miller (eds), 2006. Karl Popper: A Centenary Assessment. Volume III. Science, Ashgate Publishing Ltd., Aldershot, Hants, England. 219–227.
BonJour, L. 1998. In Defense of Pure Reason, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Caldwell, B. J. 1985. Beyond Positivism: Economic Methodology in the Twentieth Century, G. Allen and Unwin, London and Boston.
Copi, I. M. and C. Cohen. 2005. Introduction to Logic (12th edn), Pearson/Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, N.J.
Davidson, P. 2002, Financial Markets, Money, and the Real World, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, UK.
Davidson, P. 2004. “Uncertainty and Monetary Policy,” in P. Mooslechner, H. Schuberth, M. Schürz (eds), Economic Policy under Uncertainty: The Role of Truth and Accountability in Policy Advice, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA.
De Marchi, N. (ed.). 1988. The Popperian Legacy in Economics: Papers Presented at a Symposium in Amsterdam, December 1985, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge and New York.
Derksen, T. 2000. “Naturalistic Epistemology, Murder and Suicide? But what about the Promises!,” in L. Decock and L. Horsten (eds), Quine: Naturalized Epistemology Perceptual Knowledge and Ontology, Rodopi, Amsterdam, 2000. 15–34.
Dunn, S. P. 2008. The ‘Uncertain’ Foundations of Post Keynesian Economics, Routledge, London.
Edwards, P. 1965. “Bertrand Russell’s Doubts about Induction,” in A. Flew (ed.), Logic and Language, First and Second Series, Doubleday, Garden City, N.Y. 59–85.
Evans, J. St. B. T. 2007. Hypothetical Thinking: Dual Processes in Reasoning and Judgement, Taylor & Francis, Hoboken.
Gerrard, B. 1994. “Animal Spirits,” in P. Arestis and M. Sawyer (eds), The Elgar Companion to Radical Political Economy, Elgar, Aldershot. 15–19.
Glickman, M. 2003. “Uncertainty,” in J. E. King (ed.), The Elgar Companion to Post Keynesian Economics, E. Elgar Pub., Cheltenham, UK and Northhampton, MA. 366–370.
Jespersen, J. 2009. Macroeconomic Methodology: A Post-Keynesian Perspective, Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, Cheltenham.
Lawson, T. 1999. “Developments in Economics as Realist Social Theory,” in S. Fleetwood (ed.), Critical Realism in Economics: Development and Debate, Routledge, London and New York. 3–20.
Keynes, J. M. 2008 . The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money, Atlantic Publishers, New Delhi.
King, J. E. 2002. A History of Post Keynesian Economics since 1936, Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA.
Milonakis, D. and B. Fine, 2009 From Political Economy to Economics: Method, the Social and the Historical in the Evolution of Economic Theory, Routledge, New York.
Musgrave, A. E. 2004. “How Popper (might have) Solved the Problem of Induction,” in P. Catton and G. Macdonald (eds), Karl Popper: Critical Appraisals, Routledge, Abingdon, Oxon, England. 16–27.
Parsons, S. D. 2003. “Austrian School of Economics,” in J. E. King (ed.), The Elgar Companion to Post Keynesian Economics, E. Elgar Pub., Cheltenham, UK and Northhampton, MA. 5–10.
Popper, K. 1976. The Poverty of Historicism (1st edn 1957; 2nd corrected edn 1961), Routledge and Kegan Paul, London.
Popper, K. R. 1983. Realism and the Aim of Science, Rowman and Littlefield, Totowa, N.J.
Quine, W. van O. 1975. “The Nature of Natural Knowledge,” in S. Guttenplan (ed.), Mind and Language, Clarendon Press, Oxford. 67–81.
Real, L. A. 1991. “Animal choice behavior and the evolution of cognitive architecture,” Science 253: 980–986.
Runde, J. 1999. “On Popper, Probabilities and Propensities,” in S. Fleetwood (ed.), Critical Realism in Economics: Development and Debate, Routledge, London and New York. 63–82.
Salmon, W. 1974. ‘The Pragmatic Justification of Induction’, in R. Swinburne (ed.), The Justification of Induction, Oxford University Press, Oxford. 85–97.
Skousen, M. 2005. Vienna & Chicago, Friends or Foes?: A Tale of Two Schools of Free-Market Economics, Capital Press/Regnery Pub., Washington, DC.
Strawson, P. F. 1952. Introduction to Logical Theory, Methuen & Co. Ltd, London.
Will, F. L. 1953. “Will the Future Be Like the Past?,” in A. Flew (ed.), Logic and Language: Second Series, Blackwell, Oxford. 32–50.
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Your consideration in providing a living tree memorial honoring someone special is greatly appreciated. The process is very simple. The donor may purchase their tree from a local nursery or they can pay a predetermined fee for Parks and Recreation to purchase the tree. Trees will be planted by Parks staff in a park of your choice that has irrigation. Staff can meet you on site to select a specific location. Letters and certificates are sent to both the donor, to the family of a memorial and/or to those being honored.
Tree Memorial Process
1. Select a Tree:
Please select a tree from the following species that are suited to our West Texas weather. We are working on expanding this list. If you are interested in a particular type of tree not listed, let us know, and we'll determine its suitability for our parks. To enhance the survivability of your selection, we recommend a single-trunk tree with a minimum 2½-inch caliper.
2. Purchase Your Tree:
- Bur Oak
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: Purchase your tree from a local nursery. Call 775-2685 when this has been completed, and Parks staff will arrange for pickup/delivery of your selection. Option 2
: Parks and Recreation will purchase the tree and invoice you for the amount prior to planting. On average, the cost is between $130 to $200 per tree, which can vary by the type of tree that is purchased. 3. Select a Park and a Location:
Work with staff on those parks with irrigation. Set up a time to meet with staff at the selected park to finalize the tree's location so that it is able to receive water from the irrigation system. 4. Tree is Planted by Parks Staff.
5. Letter and Certificates:
A letter is sent to the donor indicating that the tree has been planted. In addition, if the tree honors someone or is a memorial, we will send a letter to the person being honored or to the family if it is a memorial along with a certificate indicating that a tree was planted in their honor. Due to cost and vandalism, we regret that we cannot place a plaque on site by the tree. We will list the donation on the Parks and Recreation website under Tree Memorials. In addition, we will read the names of the donors and those they are honoring for the past year at our annual Arbor Day Ceremony held in late April.
For More Information on Tree Memorials
Call (806) 775-2685
Printable Procedure Sheet (pdf) Tree Memorial Procedure Sheet
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Composed by Spanish Folk Melody - Digital Sheet Music
Product InformationSpanish Romance composed by Spanish Folk Melody - Digital Sheet Music
Musicnotes Edition: This digital sheet music was either arranged by Musicnotes.com's staff of professional arrangers and composers or it is a new engraving of the composition's original printed arrangement. When you purchase any Musicnotes Edition, you are granted performance and recording rights and you may print an unlimited number of copies of your purchased selection.
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5/1/2015 6:44:25 PM
This is a really nice rendition of a song that was intended for guitar. This piano version is a reasonable substitute when you have no guitar.
Piano: Intermediate / Teacher
5/25/2016 1:15:58 PM
Very well arranged for piano! I love this song, it has such beautiful chord progressions. I downloaded the Barcelona Strings recording of this song from Amazon and its so enjoyable to play along with it!
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Borwein lecturing at University of Technology Sydney on March 14, 2011
Why, might you ask, should anyone want to celebrate a mathematical constant which allows you to calculate the area inside a circle?
As unlikely as it may seem, the number pi, or 3.14159... has been crucial to the development of modern life. As far back as the ancient civilizations of Babylon and Egypt, people needed approximations of pi to deal with the flooding of the Tigris, Euphrates and Nile rivers, for astronomy, and for surveying and building ziggurats and pyramids. The ancient Greeks were the first to study pi for its own mathematical sake.
Today, 4,000 years after people first discovered how useful pi could be, we are about to celebrate International Pi Day. The first time a day was dedicated to pi was on March 14, 1989 at the Exploratorium, a museum of science, art and human perception in San Francisco. The idea was the brainchild of Larry Shaw, a physicist at the center. (See picture of Larry Shaw, "Prince of Pi," at right.)
Since then, this museum and many others, as well as universities, schools and individuals have celebrated Pi Day by performing pi-related activities; some serious and some less so, such as creating pi puns; baking, throwing and eating pies; and singing pi songs. You can check out this year's bash at the Exploratorium here.
The date is derived from the first three digits of pi -- 3.14 -- using American dating order, just as September 11 is 9/11. And 2015 is going to be a big year for pi since we will celebrate 3.14 15 (correct to 4 places)
At first, Pi Day was a gimmick and a good joke, but now it is a big deal. Many North American and UK schools use it to spark interest in maths and science projects (for example, learning how the Greeks or Arabs did arithmetic; studying famous scientists like Gauss, Newton or Archimedes who worked on pi; or perhaps calculating the volumes of real pies before eating them).
What is Pi?
Pi is represented by the Greek letter π, and it is the most important numerical constant in mathematics. You can compute the area of a circle of radius r, using πr2. The perimeter of this circle has length 2πr.
Without pi there is no theory of motion and no understanding of geometry. For instance, the volume of a sphere of radius r is 4/3πr3 and that of a cylinder of height h is πr2h.
Pi occurs in important fields of applied mathematics such as Fourier analysis and image reconstruction. It is used throughout engineering, science and medicine and is studied for its own sake in number theory.
Pi goes global
Public interest in pi came to a head in 2009 when the U.S. House of Representatives formally declared March 14 National Pi Day, in House Resolution number 224. The Bill grandly begins:
"Whereas the Greek letter (pi) is the symbol for the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter... "
After many more "whereases," it resolves...
"That the House of Representatives (1) supports the designation of a Pi Day and its celebration around the world."
The bill urges schools and educators to help learn about pi and generally engage students in the study of mathematics.
The growing interest in pi has seen it become firmly established in popular culture. Pi has been featured in such TV shows as The Simpsons and Star Trek, as the title of a Kate Bush song, in the movies The Matrix, and Pi; and in the 2001 novel Life of Pi by Yann Martel. Oscar-winning director Ang Lee has just completed a 3D movie version.
Things you can try
Pi has even inspired the invention of a new literary form called 'piems.' The challenge is to write a poem where the length of each word is the same as the number in the pi sequence.
For example, the first eight decimal places of pi can be recalled with the phrase: "How I need a drink, alcoholic of course" (to represent 3.1415926). Some piems are thousands of words in length. And there is money in piems. A student won 250 euro for a 2011 piem in Spanish.
If you're better with numbers than words, some folks prefer to memorise pi for themselves. The current Guinness World Record for remembering pi is well in excess of 60,000 digits. If you want to give it a try, memorisers typically add 10 or 15 digits a day to their total.
Meanwhile, the world's computational mathematicians continue to outdo each other, calculating pi to ever more decimal and hexadecimal (base 16) places. The current world record is ten trillion (10,000,000,000,000) decimal digits. It was set in October last year by Japanese systems engineer Shigeru Kondo, using an $18,000 homemade computer running software developed by American grad student Alex Yee.
But just as climbers still climb Mount Everest, this is certainly not the end. Within the next ten years a quadrillion digits will probably have been computed.
What makes things really interesting is that pi is an irrational number, so its digits never terminate or repeat. While it never runs dry, we cannot even prove that the decimal expansion of pi has infinitely many sevens, let alone that it is normal, although I would bet it is (in other words that it has equally many ones, twos, threes, etc). My co-workers (including Alex Yee) and I have just completed a research paper analyzing roughly 16 trillion bits (binary digits) and have concluded it is almost certainly normal.
When we draw a picture, pi seems very random. The figure to the left shows a 'random walk' on the first two billion binary digits of pi.
We convert '01' to 'left,' '10' to 'right,' '11' to up and '00' to down (or something like that) and we have a turtle graphic.
The picture to the right does the same thing for a pseudo-random string of bits. In each case we change colors as we walk and march through the spectrum -- from red through indigo and violet and back to red.
If you go to the web you can explore a ten billion step gigapan movie-walk on pi.
While it is very likely we will learn nothing really new mathematically about pi from computations to come, we just may discover something truly startling. That was part of the punch line in astronomer Carl Sagan's novel Contact, when he suggested that alien life forms encoded messages to the human race in the numerical value of pi.
An earlier version of this article appeared for 3/14/11 at ABC Science Online.
The Morning Email helps you start your workday with everything you need to know: breaking news, entertainment and a dash of fun. Learn more
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The sewer clean out is a pipe with a cap that provides access to the sewer line so that blockages can be removed. The sewer line connects your home to the public sewer system.
The sewer clean out is usually located somewhere along the sewer line. If you have a clog in the sewer line or your sewer clean out needs to be emptied, the responsibility and cost for doing so falls to you as the property owner.
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High Speed Photography
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The laws that impinge on fundamental rights are also those that empower the intolerant
N R Narayana Murthy has done a lot more for the nation and the people than many of the vociferous politicians who called for him to be expelled from Karnataka state for his remarks on the national anthem. Sachin Tendulkar did a lot more for the nation at the batting crease than he took away by cutting a cake with the national flag on it. Mandira Bedi, arguably, didn’t do great things for the nation, but didn’t hurt anyone either by wearing a sari with the flag on it. And the man who filed a complaint, and the judge who issued an arrest warrant against Richard Gere for kissing Shilpa Shetty in public thought nothing of the reason why Gere was on stage in the first place.
In any society, it is not hard to find intolerant people who wish to impose their chosen intolerance on the rest. The trouble is, in India, there are laws that give license to such individuals and groups. Gaurav Sabnis explains:
While tolerance in the society is a desirable goal for different reasons, this particular ailment can be solved only by abolishing the ridiculous laws which curb freedom of expression. However there is no constituency which demands abolition of these laws, so they remain on the books. [Vantage Point]
Those laws have created incentives for the intolerant to indulge in an arms race, a phenomenon this blog calls competitive intolerance. Flaunting intolerance has become a symbol of demonstrating political clout, because it is so easy to do. Everyone gets into the act and a lot of time, energy and money is wasted in issuing warrants, passing resolutions and yes, in publishing condemnations. The state itself—and increasingly under the UPA government—has, in addition to caving in to intolerance, indulged in unnecessary conscience-keeping that is at once laughable and abominable.
It is necessary for the laws to be repealed in order to defuse the arms race. The test for laws that abridge fundamental rights has to be whether or not they strengthen the incentives for tolerance. The benefit of the doubt should go to the right, not the abridgment. But as Gaurav points out, this has no political constituency today, given that all major political formations are engaged in the appealing to parochial and sectional interests. Judicial precedents established in the higher courts can help to an extent, but not without fueling another round of criticism over ‘judicial activism’ (fast becoming a phrase that Indian political discourse likes to torture beyond recognition). Such criticism should not deter citizens from taking the battle against intolerance to the courts, for political parties like winners, and some of them are likely to hitch their wagon to horses that show that they can win.
Update: A Supreme Court bench has ruled that the government has the power to ban a publication in the interest of public order, even if it means restrictions on the freedom of expression. A very reasonable judgment indeed, except that the checks and balances on those powers are inadequate—highlighted by the fact that the court’s verdict was with respect to a play the Karnataka state government banned in 1995.
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Year of Publication
Martin School of Public Policy and Administration
Dr. Nicolai Petrovsky
South Korea has experienced a sharp demographic transition from a high birthrate of 4.5 children per woman in the 1970s to a low birthrate of around 1.19 in 2013. A low birthrate can lead to big problems for South Korean society.
In response to such a low birthrate, the South Korean government introduced policies to increase the birthrate, such as providing subsidies for daycare costs and the supply of daycare facilities. The South Korean government has spent heavily on these programs. However, the birthrate stays very low. Also, other social and economic factors could affect the birthrate.
Therefore, I studied what factors, including policies to increase the birthrate, affect the birthrate and how they affect it.
The results of the analysis show that social change is rapidly occurring, changing various aspects of family life, but the changes are closely linked to each other and child care subsidies in particular appear to have a strong effect increasing the birthrate. Female labor force participation reduces the birthrate, a result found often in economic development studies. Finally, age at first marriage reduces the birthrate.
Therefore, the South Korean government could keep policies to increase the birthrate such as subsidy for daycare cost and also find other policies to increase the birthrate efficiently such as tax penalty for single individual and policies to change the working culture.
Ahn, Kyunghoon, "A study of determinants of the birthrate change in South Korea" (2015). MPA/MPP/MPFM Capstone Projects. 221.
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Sharding in the Cloud
It’s interesting; when you look at the performance of a typical enterprise application deployed to the cloud, the prototypical points of contention when it comes to performance disappear, and a problem that seemed to only dog tape drives of the 1970’s starts to reappear. Yes, when you’re applications are floating in the cloud, basic I/O operations become the bottleneck, as your infinitely clustered applications keep going back to that storage device that handles all of your data.
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Performance problems in the cloud
So, what’s the problem? The problem comes from the fact that your cloud based applications keep hitting non-cloud based data, or at least, data that isn’t properly designed for the cloud. Cloud based applications can often find themselves doing sixty to seventy percent of their input and output operations against a non-virtualized storage reads and writes, which can significantly depress the performance and scalability benefits of moving enterprise applications to the cloud. CPUs and clock-cycles go unused as reads from datastores and hard drives slow down the application processing cycle.
Datastores and the virtualization market
So, what does the enterprise architect do to minimize the problem of reading and writing to non-virtualized datastores? Well, a simple solution is to just virtualize the datastore as well. There are a number of players jumping into the datastore and I/O virtualization market, including DataCore, NextIO and Neterion, providing solutions that pool bottlenecking I/O resources into clusters hat can be consolidated and dynamically allocated; but not every enterprise architect enjoys the luxury of being able to simple buy more hardware in the hopes of solving a complex, cloud based performance problem.
But another, perhaps even more controversial, or at least intellectually challenging approach to solving the problem of divergent latencies between middleware applications deployed to the cloud, and the amount of time it takes for the corresponding, non-virtualized datastore to respond to requests, is to take a new approach to database design, and shard your existing RDB.
Sharding your database
Database sharding isn’t anything like clustering database servers, virtualizing datastores or partitioning tables. It goes far beyond all of that. In the simplest sense, sharding your database involves breaking up your big database into many, much smaller databases that share nothing and can be spread across multiple servers. These small databases are fast, easy to manage, and often are much cheaper to use as they are often implemented by using open source licensed databases.
And how do you do it? Well, there’s a variety of different approaches, but essentially, it’s just a matter of taking a look at your database and essentially ‘horizontally partitioning’ your data into logically related rows, as opposed to the types of columnizing of data that you do with a typical relational database. The logical rows that you come up with get isolated and deployed into their own database, and as a result, data interaction becomes much faster and more responsive.
Given, this is a very simple look at sharding, but it’s something that modern enterprise applications that are looking at leveraging the benefits of cloud computing without encountering significance performance problems with their database I/O when their middleware applications reach economies of scale.
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thumping when brakes are applied at high speeds feel it more at high speeds
My car has 125000 miles.
My car has an automatic transmission.
Remove your wheels and take a look at your rotors to see if they have grooves. If so, remove and replace them. Sometimes the grooves are so small that we cannot detect them with the human eye, it is best to use a micrometer to measure each rotor. While you have your vehicle in the air with wheels off, check all bushings in the suspension. If any of them are work or severely cracked, then have them replaced. If you cannot perform these procedures on your own, I would recommend having a certified professional inspect the brakes and suspension and proceeding with the proper repairs.
Have a car question? Get free advice from our top-rated mechanics.
Our certified mechanics come to you ・Backed by 12-month, 12,000-mile guarantee・Save up to 30%
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SMALL, PHILIP LINDSLEY (18 July 1890-16 May 1963) was a Cleveland-based architect best known for his work with CHARLES ROWLEY.
Small was born in Washington D.C. and was the son of Charles Herbert and Cora Lindsley Small. He was raised in Springfield, Ohio, and moved to Cleveland in 1904. His education included Adelbert College of Western Reserve University and M.I.T., where he graduated in 1915. He began practicing architecture in Cleveland in 1920.
In 1921, he teamed up with a childhood friend, Charles Rowley, to form the firm of SMALL AND ROWLEY. Small and Rowley was best known for their work for the VAN SWERINGENS, including SHAKER SQUARE, the MORELAND COURT APARTMENTS, and DAISY HILL. The partnership was dissolved in 1928 and Small formed a new firm, Philip Small & Associates.
Small immediately thereafter worked almost exclusively for the Van Sweringens, designing interiors for Higbee's Dept. Store (see DILLARD DEPARTMENT STORES), the Country Club of PEPPER PIKE, and railroad projects. Small later did the planning and design for JOHN CARROLL UNIVERSITY. In 1936 the firm became Small, Smith & Reeb, and in 1956, Small, Smith Reeb & Draz. The firm designed the KARAMU HOUSE Theater and Community Service Building (1949-59) and several buildings for Western Reserve University and Case School, including the science center, 2 dormitories, the physics building, and Freiberger Library (see CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY). Small retired in Dec. 1960.
Small married Grace Hatch in 1920. They had two children, Philip L. Small, Jr., and Martha (Mrs. Elliott E. Stearns, Jr.). Philip Small died in Cleveland.
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Scientists on the DZero collaboration at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Fermilab have discovered a new particle—the latest member to be added to the exotic species of particle known as tetraquarks.
Quarks are point-like particles that typically come in packages of two or three, the most familiar of which are the proton and neutron (each is made of three quarks). There are six types, or “flavors,” of quark to choose from: up, down, strange, charm, bottom and top. Each of these also has an antimatter counterpart.
Over the last 60 years, scientists have observed hundreds of combinations of quark duos and trios.
In 2003 scientists on the Belle experiment in Japan reported the first evidence of quarks hanging out as a foursome, forming a tetraquark. Since then physicists have glimpsed a handful of different tetraquark candidates, including now the recent discovery by DZero—the first observed to contain four different quark flavors.
DZero is one of two experiments at Fermilab’s Tevatron collider. Although the Tevatron was retired in 2011, the experiments continue to analyze billions of previously recorded events from its collisions.
As is the case with many discoveries, the tetraquark observation came as a surprise when DZero scientists first saw hints in July 2015 of the new particle, called X(5568), named for its mass—5568 megaelectronvolts.
“At first, we didn’t believe it was a new particle,” says DZero co-spokesperson Dmitri Denisov. “Only after we performed multiple cross-checks did we start to believe that the signal we saw could not be explained by backgrounds or known processes, but was evidence of a new particle.”
And the X(5568) is not just any new tetraquark. While all other observed tetraquarks contain at least two of the same flavor, X(5568) has four different flavors: up, down, strange and bottom.
“The next question will be to understand how the four quarks are put together,” says DZero co-spokesperson Paul Grannis. “They could all be scrunched together in one tight ball, or they might be one pair of tightly bound quarks that revolves at some distance from the other pair.”
Four-quark states are rare, and although there’s nothing in nature that forbids the formation of a tetraquark, scientists don’t understand them nearly as well as they do two- and three-quark states.
This latest discovery comes on the heels of the first observation of a pentaquark—a five-quark particle—announced last year by the LHCb experiment at the Large Hadron Collider.
Scientists will sharpen their picture of the quark quartet by making measurements of properties such as the ways X(5568) decays or how much it spins on its axis. Like investigations of the tetraquarks that came before it, the studies of the X(5568) will provide another window into the workings of the strong force that holds these particles together.
And perhaps the emerging tetraquark species will become an established class in the future, showing themselves to be as numerous as their two- and three-quark siblings.
“The discovery of a unique member of the tetraquark family with four different quark flavors will help theorists develop models that will allow for a deeper understanding of these particles,” says Fermilab Director Nigel Lockyer.
Seventy-five institutions from 18 countries collaborated on this result from DZero.
Additional information about the result is available here.
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Crime And Capital Punishment Essay, Research Paper When turning on the television, radio, or simply reading the local newspaper, one is overwhelmed with news of arrests, murders, homicides, serial killers, and
Crime And Capital Punishment Essay, Research Paper
When turning on the television, radio, or simply reading the local newspaper,
one is overwhelmed with news of arrests, murders, homicides, serial killers, and
other serious crimes. It is rare not to go through a day in this world
and not hear of these things. Still, some government officials in our country seem a bit uncertain about what steps to take in order to minimize the actions of serious or potential offenders. Not only is it committing a crime, but also today, it is ending ones life, either physically or in a prison cell. This is a risk one is taking when he decides to stab someone with a knife or pull a trigger, but is it really up to our justice system to decide one’s fate?
There are many issues that address this question of capital punishment such as
religion, the effect on society, restitution being denied, the possible “wrongly
accused”, and the rights of the convicted. But how often do these concepts creep
into the publics mind when it hears of our ?fair and trusty? government taking
away someone’s breathing rights? The bible states, “Thou shall not kill,” and this being a sin should have to be corrected within oneself. On the other hand, it also states, “Don’t judge others personal convictions.” It is a government’s responsibility to punish people that disobey the law to keep the world in order, but is it their right to take their lives away? It is a Christian’s responsibility to point out to those who
sin that they do so and this country, trusting in God as it says it does, should
do just that.
Some people think that restitution is granted when one is sentenced to the death penalty. However, if a loved one is murdered and his family feels justice in
having the murderer go through the same, is it not considered equally wrong?
Forgiving and forgetting are entirely out of the question, but one should
consider the concept of regret and remorse. Just as one feels terrible when wrongfully drives through their neighbors yard, surely a murderer may feel the same. One is only human and no one can expect any more. A mistake is a mistake, no matter whom it may harm or what destruction it may cause.
There’s always the chance of the innocent being in the wrong place at the wrong
time. A handful of evidence from a strong lawyer could sentence someone to life
in prison, and even the death penalty. One could be spending and ending his life
in captivity for simply walking down the wrong street on the wrong day. Should
he have to serve the time that’s not rightfully his and take the needle that
shouldn’t prick his skin? It’s a small fault in the justice system that is not
easy to overcome, but that’s someone’s life, and not knowing the truth could be
devastating. Abraham Lincoln declared, “All men are created equal.” This statement of truth has obviously been left out of consideration in the court room. Everyone deserves a second chance because they are all capable of reformation. The offender should have the chance to go back into the world and prove himself honorable.
If solving corruption with immorality is the world’s remedy for reconciliation,
then why not chop off the thief’s hand? “An eye for an eye” was the justice of
the past. It is now a modern world based on logic and transformation. Should a government commit a crime to justify another? If capital punishment was solely based on punishing the wrongdoers, there would be no one left to inject the needle or
pull the lever on.
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|◯||Capital Punishment Essay Research Paper TheCapital punishment|
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|◯||Capital Punishment Essay Research Paper Capital PunishmentSince|
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Summary and Info
Sophos, under the guidance of yet another tutor, practices his swordplay and strategizes escape scenarios should his father's villa come under attack. How would he save his mother? His sisters? Himself? Could he reach the horses in time? Where would he go? But nothing prepares him for the day armed men, silent as thieves, swarm the villa courtyard ready to kill, to capture, to kidnap. Sophos, the heir to the throne of Sounis, disappears without a trace. In Attolia, Eugenides, the new and unlikely king, has never stopped wondering what happened to Sophos. Nor has the Queen of Eddis. They send spies. They pay informants. They appeal to the gods. But as time goes by, it becomes less and less certain that they will ever see their friend alive again. Across the small peninsula battles are fought, bribes are offered, and conspiracies are set in motion. Darkening the horizon, the Mede Empire threatens, always, from across the sea. And Sophos, anonymous and alone, bides his time. Sophos, drawing on his memories of Gen, Pol, the magus—and Eddis—sets out on an Badventure that will change all of their lives forever.
More About the Author
Megan Whalen Turner (born 1965) is an American writer of fantasy fiction for young adults. She received her BA with honors in English language and literature from the University of Chicago in 1987. She is best known for her series of young adult novels primarily revolving around a character named Eugenides.
Review and Comments
Rate the Book
A Conspiracy of Kings (The Queen's Thief, #4) 0 out of 5 stars based on 0 ratings.
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Mental Secrets To Make Better Financial Decisions
In a perfect world, logic would always guide our financial decisions. Emotions wouldn’t come into play.
But we don’t live in a perfect world. Far from it.
That means our emotions impact our financial choices more than we realize.1
Shockingly as much as 95% of our purchase choices are made subconsciously, driven by our emotions—as little as 5% are based in logic (and that’s when we’re in a good headspace and feeling comfortable and secure).2
When we’re faced with uncertainty, fear and instinct can take over and push logic right out of the window.3
Your brain will make you want to react quickly to protect yourself and avoid the pain you anticipate from potential losses.4
Ironically, these instincts often make things worse. Emotional reactions can lead to poor choices and the losses you were trying to avoid in the first place.5
The best way to avoid letting your hardwired biases take over? Use these strategies. They can help you fare better in any crisis. They may even make you a savvier investor.
Click Here for full article and to sign up for our Visual Insights Newsletter!
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Über den Autor
George McGavin is an author, lecturer, television presenter and explorer. He is an Honorary Research Associate at the world famous Oxford University Museum of Natural History and The Department of Zoology of Oxford University. He has several insect species named in his honour and hopes they survive him. George lives in Ascot, Berkshire. Jim Kay is the illustrator of the Flaxfield Quartet and won the Kate Greenaway Medal for A Monster Calls, in which he used everything from beetles to breadboards to create interesting marks and textures. He lives in Kettering, Northamptonshire.
Takes readers on a pop-up journey into the wonderful world of insects, spiders, and creepy crawlies. Ages: 7+
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Henry Craik, ed. English Prose. 1916. Vol. IV. Eighteenth Century
Critical Introduction by George Saintsbury
Henry Fielding (17071754)
[Henry Fielding was born on the 22nd of April 1707 at Sharpham Park, in Somersetshire. His father was Edmund Fielding, an officer and subsequently a general in the army, who was himself the son of John Fielding, canon of Salisbury, and grandson of the first Earl of Desmond of the Fielding family. That family also possessed the title of Denbigh, with which at present that of Desmond is united. The novelists mother was Sarah Gould, daughter of a judge whose seat Sharpham was; and there, or at East Stour in Dorset, Fielding spent his childhood. He was sent to Eton and subsequently to the University of Leyden; but our knowledge of the events of his youth (as indeed of most of his life) is very scanty and uncertain. At about the time when he came of age we find him back in London, where for some seven years he occupied himself in writing numerous plays, the best or the least bad of which is Tom Thumb. About 1735 he married a young lady named Charlotte Cradock, who is said to have possessed great beauty and charm, and to have been the model of his heroines, especially Amelia; and for a time he seems to have retired to East Stour and lived the life of a country gentleman. But if he did he soon returned to town, to play-writing, to the management of the Haymarket Theatre, and to the composition of miscellaneous literature, including in 1739 great part of a periodical called The Champion. He also was called to the bar and practised a little. But in 1742 his first novel, Joseph Andrews, appeared, and was warmly received by good judges. This may have encouraged him to issue next year three volumes of Miscellanies, which with much inferior work included not only the Journey from this World to the Next but also Jonathan Wild. Shortly afterwards his wife died; and four years later he married her maid. In the crisis of 1745 he had edited or written two Whig periodicals, the True Patriot and the Jacobites Journal; but again very little is known of him till the influence of Mr. Lyttelton procured him the Bow Street magistrateship, and he published Tom Jones in 1749. He worked very hard in his office; published Amelia in 1751, wrote not a few pamphlets and a fresh periodical, the Covent Garden Journal, which lasted for the greater part of 1752. Next year his health, which had long been unsatisfactory, grew steadily worse, and a journey to some warmer climate was ordered. He started for Lisbon in June 1754 and reached it in August, but died there on the 8th October. His Journal of the voyage, one of his not least charming things, was published shortly afterwards, but contains no account of anything subsequent to his landing.]
CONSIDERING how much has been said of the qualities of Fielding as a novelist by authorities of all degrees of competence, and how little pains in comparison have been bestowed on him strictly as a writer, the part of the subject with which it will be most profitable to deal here seems to be pretty clearly indicated. On the first head indeed, though it cannot be said that agreement is absolute, belief in Fieldings extraordinary excellence is unquestionably the orthodox faith, while the dissenters from it are few and, with rare exceptions among those few, unimportant. Objections in detail have indeed been taken, and may in part be taken justly, to the digressions and secondary stories which interrupt and prolong the narrative in almost all the books, to the somewhat easy-going morality, and the very complaisant dealing with loose if engaging incidents, to the relentless picture of human villainy in Jonathan Wild, to the obtrusion of political and other dissertation in Amelia. Some of these objections (as well as others which might be mentioned) are of force. But they touch mere details, and fall altogether short of the level of the excellencies which may on the other hand be assigned to him. The highest praise of all has sometimes been claimed for the mathematical exactness of construction which has been thought to make the plot of Tom Jones the most symmetrical and faultless to be found in modern times. A still higher value has been assignedperhaps justlyby others to the combination of inventiveness and truth in character-drawing wherein Fielding has hardly a rival. It is almost impossible for him to produce a class of character which, even after a great lapse of time and a greater change of manners, does not strike us now as real and alive; nor has he any difficulty in differentiating his characters of the same class from each other by little living touches and shades. His descriptions of persons, of places, of incidents, have this same veracity and brilliancy of drawing in a hardly less extraordinary degree. Others again have fixed for special admiration on the acuteness and (within certain limits) the profundity of his general observations on human life and nature; others on his ironya gift in which among English writers he is only excelled by Swift and only approached by Thackeray; others on the genial and humane conception of life which, though certainly not coupled with any very great optimism of philosophical view, distinguishes his books; others on the lambent easy light of the humour whichderiving in part from qualities and gifts already referred to, but containing in it something peculiar and additionalilluminates the whole of his work. It is not necessary to attempt to rank these gifts in order; the more excellent way is to admire and enjoy them all in their certainly unique combination.
A question too important to omit altogether, but too complicated to examine thoroughly, is the relation of this wonderful work in fiction to earlier members of the same class in English Literature. The delusive and rhetorical title of Father of the English Novel has been applied to Fielding, as to Richardson, to Defoe and to others. What is certain is, that he raised that novel at once in the scales of complexity, of variety, and of truth to life. But we have nothing whatever to guide us in seeking to discover the motives which put him upon the practice of this art; and not very much to help us to his own theory of the novel. He calls it indeed in one place a comic epic poem in prose; but it would be distinctly dangerous to accept this definition in too good faith, and other passages in which he claims for the novelist a sort of parity with the historian proper in the philosophical arrangement of motive and event, may not be more serious. He did not, it must be remembered, produce Joseph Andrews, his first published novel, till he was just ceasing to be a young man even at the liberal computation of youth, which makes it cease at thirty-five; and it is very improbable that he wrote Jonathan Wild much earlier, even if its age in production be not identical with its date of publication. I should indeed judge from internal evidencethere is no otherthat the Journey from this World to the Next was a good deal the senior of both of these. But here, though there is much of Fieldings acute observation and shrewd recording of traits of human nature, neither gift is put to any real degree at the service of the art of story-telling proper, and the book is merely a string of character-sketches, not much if at all more like those of a novel or even a romance, than the essays with personages of Addison and his group. Surprising therefore as it may seem that such a masterpiece as Joseph Andrews should be a mere recoil from something else, a mere parody not to say caricature, it is difficult to avoid the conclusion that the desire to ridicule Richardson and Pamela was its real original; while I am inclined to think that no very different motive need be assigned to the possibly contemporary Jonathan Wild. Indeed, careful readers of Jonathan, especially of the curious episode of Mrs. Heartfrees adventures, will have noticed not a few attempts at burlesque of the French and other romances. That these two exercises must have revealed to Fielding his own powers and set him on the construction of the far more ambitious edifice of Tom Jones is not so much probable as certain; while no additional disposing causes except reminiscences of his youth and observations made in his Bow Street office need be assigned for Amelia.
The acquired accomplishments, as distinguished from the natural genius, with which Fielding set about the production of his masterpieces, and the qualities of craftsman in English as distinguished from those of expert in human nature which he possessed are not uninteresting or unimportant to investigate. Although a man of good reading, and (as is now known) the possessor in his later years at any rate of a considerable library, he can hardly be ranked among the most scholarly of English writers. He enjoyed indeed the inestimable advantagesometimes flouted by ungrateful persons who have had it, or disdained in fox-and-grapes fashion by those who have not, but absolutely unmistakable in the results of its presence or absencewhich is conferred, and conferred only, by the old-fashioned classical education. But it is uncertain how long he was exposed to its influence at Eton, and certain that the greater part of his intellectual breeding was rather haphazard. And when he began to write (which he did very early, and when most men are still at the University) it was in the service of the most careless and ungirt of all the Muses, the Muse of Farce and stage burlesque. Nor can it be said that, even after many years of practice in somewhat severer kinds, he was ever a very correct writer; though there is a great advance in correctness to be noticed between the Journey from this World to the Next and the Voyage to Lisbon. In the former, as elsewhere, the distinction which he himself both ingeniously and ingenuously puts in his Epistle to Sir Robert Walpole,
Latin I write and GreekI read,
is illustrated; for a translator of the First Olynthiac ought to have known better than to use the non-existent and indeed impossible form Nousphoric. In this same piece the mere English is also far from perfect. Relatives and demonstratives are perpetually used without precision and with confusion; the sentences are piled up with addition after addition in the old fashion; and it is particularly noteworthy that Fielding is here trying, with very partial success, at the crisp ironic phrase to which he afterwards attained in perfection.
In Joseph and Jonathan, but especially in the former, he was face to face with a new taskthe recounting of lively and vivid action; and here what Carlyle might have called the coming together of the man and the tools produces at once a great improvement. This is considerably less noticeable in Jonathan Wild, which for that reason, as well as others, I should suppose to have been composed earlier than its forerunner in print; but it is noticeable here to some extent, and in Joseph Andrews to an extent much greater. The sentences are not indeed invariably but frequently shortened; the ambiguities of reference in the pronouns are less frequent; and from this time forward most of what looks like incorrectness will be found to be confined to passages in which Fieldingaccording to a practice rather dubious but evidently a favourite with himputs into the mouth of his characters, not speeches in the first person, but a sort of summary in oratio obliqua of the substance of what they said.
A still further improvement is noticeable in Tom Jones; indeed by the date of that great book Fielding had in every way attained the majority and climax of his powers. He cannot have written it hurriedly; and though we know extremely little of his life during the seven years between 1742 and 1749, what we do know authorises us in supposing a quieter and less distracted existence than that of his early manhood, when he boxed the compass of experiences between the stage and the bar, the hunting-field and the gaol. The abundance of incident and the pungency of the conversation are apt to divert the attention in Tom Jones from merely scholastic questions of style; but the frequent digressions and dissertations, which still form part of the authors plan, show him in the possession of a far freer, crisper, more highly organised vehicle and medium of discussion, than he had attained in the Journey, or even in his earlier novels. And if this advance was not pushed further, it was at least fully maintained in Amelia and in the Voyage to Lisbon. Indeed this little posthumous Memoir exhibits Fielding for the most part quite at his best as far as writing goes. Yet even here we may note lapsesallowing, of course, for the fact that the author never saw the book in type, but noting at the same time that all the little imperfections noticeable are to be paralleled in the books which he himself passed through the press. Here, for instance, is an example taken from that interesting passage in which Fielding expresses his wonder that yachting is not a more popular amusement, thus following Roger North (I think) as the second Englishman of letters to eulogise the most English of sports. The truth, he says, I believe is that sailing in the manner I have just mentioned is a pleasure rather unknown or unthought of than rejected by those who have experienced it; unless, perhaps, the apprehension of danger or sea-sickness may be supposed by the timorous and delicate to make too large deductionsinsisting that all their enjoyments should come to them pure and unmixed, and ever being ready to cry out
Nocet empta dolore voluptas.
Now this awkward construction of insisting with the timorous and delicate would not in the least surprise us in the middle of the seventeenth century, but it is a little surprising to find a writer of the first class employing it in the middle of the eighteenth.
In fact, however, imperfections of this kind (on the criticism whereof Fielding himself, perhaps not without some touch of conscience, is not unfrequently a little severe) are of less importance in the kind of literature to which he fortunately addicted himself than anywhere else. In history, in philosophy, in oratory, in essay-writing they are much more material; and I am rather disposed to believe that the impatience sometimes shown of Fieldings digressions and divagations is in part due to the fact that the shortcomings of his mere style are most obvious there. But in novel-writing proper they matter comparatively little. It is true that only the veriest glutton of romance is entirely indifferent to the style of the romancer when it is positively and shockingly bad; while the taste for the novel of character can hardly coexist with a complete insensibility to the merits and defects of writing. But relatively the goodness and badness of mere writing count for less in either case than in the case of any other kind of composition; and as a matter of fact the practitioners of fiction have, for this reason or that, been more careless than any of their brethren in regard to this point. There are only two other writers whom I at least should rank with Fielding in the very topmost class, of English novelists. And both Scott and Thackeray were notoriously careless in the mint and anise and cumin of style.
Yet Fielding had, and had eminently, the style which belongs to his own kind of work. The picked and outlandish epithets, the elaborately set conceits, of some writers would have been not more or less inappropriate to his downright and massive grasp of human nature, than the flourish and ornament of others, would have been awkwardly suited with his direct and piercing irony, his simple and sincere humour. It was not his object, and it would not have fitted his nature, to give his readers blessed words to chew and puzzle over, conundrums to guess, dainty tissues of writing to admire independently of the subject and the meaning. He might, if his education and early practice had been different, have written with more formal correctness and yet none the worse; he could hardly, if the paradox may be pardoned, have written otherwise than he did and yet have written much the better. Of no one is the much-quoted and much-misquoted maxim of Buffon more justified than of him. His style is exactly suited to his character and his productionwhich latter, be it remembered, considering the pleasures of his youth and the business of his age, was very considerable. No fault of his style can ever, either in the general reader or in the really qualified critic, have hindered the enjoyment of the best part of his work: and like the work itself the style in which it is clothed is eminently English. It is English no less in its petty shortcomings of correctness, precision, and grace, than in its mighty merits of power and range. Of the letter Fielding may be here and there a little neglectful; in the spirit he always holds fast to the one indispensable excellence, the adjustment of truth and life to art.
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Are you interested in gaining more information about Nevada Park Ranger Training and Degree Requirements in order to further your career? We have compiled the right information for you.
In addition to a national park, there are 24 state parks in Nevada that need numerous full time, part time and seasonal rangers on a basis that is consistent. This provides chance for those that choose to continue a vocation as a park ranger in Nevada.
A few of the Nevada State Parks that are most popular will be the following:
- The northeast coasts of the 21-mile-long lake include six management units (sub-parks) totaling 14,301 acres
- Valley of Fire – found 55 miles from Las Vegas
- Mormon Station State Historic Park – in town of Genoa
- Cathedral Gorge – found in central eastern Nevada
Conditions for Nevada Park Ranger
Basic– These requirements must be met for full time employment as a park ranger in Nevada state parks:
- Four-year college degree in diversion or a natural resource -related subject
- Great physical state
- Exceptional written communication abilities and oral
- Legal Nevada driver’s license
- Capable to pass a background investigation that is thorough
Seasonal Employment Demands – Nevada state parks use many workers that are seasonal. Conditions that should be satisfied for the occupation of Seasonal Park Ranger Tech I contain the following:
- Consumer service abilities that are outstanding
- Great physical state
- One year experience in a zoo, park, museum or interpretive visitor center or
- Okay blend of expertise and instruction
Employed as a seasonal park ranger is one feasible measure at the state or national amount for college students aspiring to get a future full time park ranger profession. Nevada gets the following: four people four-year colleges/universities, two public two-year colleges, four private four-year postsecondary schools, five four-year for profit schools and two for profit two-year colleges. Master’s degree or a Bachelors in a suitable discipline is the most effective path to hastening to some supervisory level and finding an excellent occupation.
Park Ranger Nevada Duties
Obligations and obligations of full time park rangers in Nevada include:
- Coordination of worker training programs that are seasonal
- Oversight of volunteers and seasonal rangers
- Enforcement of park and state laws/regulations
- Training of reports
- Collection and interpretation of park figures
- Help to park visitors
- Coordination of park care
Obligations of seasonal park rangers contain:
- Help train volunteers
- Help visitors needed
- Crisis medical aid
- Custodial responsibilities
- Property review
- Care of park property/facilities
- Park patrols to spot and report infractions
- Set of park fees
- Demonstration of educational programs
Applications for full time park ranger places are just accepted for positions that were open. Year round, nevertheless, applications for seasonal park rangers are taken when there are vacancies and applicants are contacted.
Details in regards to the application form procedure, job descriptions, a record of accessible occupations and on-line applications are located in the DHR web site. Hardcopies may be had by telephoning the employment office at 775 684 0150.
Candidates whose applications are taken is likely to be called for the following:
- An individual interview
- written evaluation
- physical examination
- psychological evaluation
- Foundation investigation
Salary Information for Park Rangers in Nevada
Park Rangers in Nevada take home a great salary while pursuing a fulfilling career protecting the land of his or her state. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the average Park Ranger in the state of Nevada make a median salary between 30,000 and 60,000 per year.
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A Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) filing, also known as a UCC lien, is a common practice for small business lenders. However, if you’re seeking additional funding for your business, an existing UCC filing could cause concern for potential lenders.
We’ll go through the steps you’ll need to take to remove a UCC filing placed against your business.
What Is a UCC Filing?
A UCC-1 filing places a lien on a borrower’s assets. Lenders file a UCC-1 financing statement with the secretary of state as a way to secure the funds they loan.
UCC filings are public records and are noted on your business’s credit report. However, UCC filings alone don’t affect your credit score.
There are 2 types of liens that lenders can file for when they submit a UCC-1:
A blanket lien is essentially an open lien against all of a business’s assets. In contrast, the process for some UCC-1 filings requires listing specific items as collateral, typically the items the business owner will purchase with the funding.
Is a UCC Filing Bad for Your Business?
The UCC process for filing a lien is a common practice in the lending world. However, a UCC filing can limit future financing options.
Why? Liens are collected in the order they were submitted. The first lender to put a lien on your collateral has first dibs on assets, and a subsequent lender will be in a second position to collect on your assets if you default, and so on with additional lenders. There’s also a potential risk that nothing will be left after the first lender has collected what was owed.
For that reason, lenders might consider it risky to lend money to a business with an existing UCC filing. A UCC filing also might prevent you from selling any assets you’ve put up as collateral. These reasons make it vital for business owners to know how to remove a UCC filing from their credit reports when necessary.
How Do I Get Rid of a UCC Filing?
Once you pay your debt in full, you’ll want to make sure the UCC-1 is canceled.
According to the Uniform Commercial Code, Section 9-513, lenders should file a statement of UCC termination within one month after borrowers satisfy their debt.
However, if the lien remains on your business’s credit report despite your full repayment, here’s how to remove a UCC filing.
Contact Your Lender
As UCC filings generally lapse after 5 years, lenders often don’t submit a UCC termination form to remove a filing. Your recourse? Submit a termination demand letter, known as an “authenticated demand.” A UCC termination demand letter is a signed request you send to the lender asking them to cancel the UCC filing.
Be sure to list the name and address of the lender, as noted on your financing statement. After receiving your request, the lender has 20 days to file a termination statement for the UCC state filing. Or instead, they can send you the termination of the UCC filing statement, which you can then file at your secretary of state’s office.
Request Termination of Lien
Twenty days after you’ve notified your lender and received no response, you can file a request for termination yourself, referred to as a UCC-3.
On the UCC-3 form to request lien termination, check the box indicating that a debtor authorized the amendment. You would also provide the name of the authorizing debtor, likely you.
When to File a UCC-3
A UCC-3 can be submitted for a few reasons, including UCC filing termination.
Either you or your lender will need to submit a UCC-3 to remove the initial filing record. If after 5 years, the lender wants to keep the lien active because you haven’t repaid your debt, they would request a continuation by filing a UCC-3.
A UCC-3 can also be filed to amend the original filing. Amendments can be made to the following:
- Party information (e.g., address changes, name changes)
Here’s an example of a UCC-3 form:
How to Dispute a UCC Filing on Your Credit Report
If your lender has submitted a UCC-3 to request termination of the UCC-1 filing, credit reporting agencies should remove the lien from your business’s credit report. However, this isn’t always the case.
If your lender has submitted a UCC-3 to terminate your lien and it’s still on your business’s credit report, contact the credit reporting agency and request they remove the filing.
How to Find a UCC Filing
We’ve reviewed how to remove a UCC filing, but what if your business credit report has a filing of which you aren’t aware?
For example, as part of the application process, a lender might complete a UCC-1 on your business in anticipation of offering you funding. However, even if you don’t borrow their funds or your application is denied, the lender might not retract the UCC business filing.
You can find out if there’s a UCC filing in your business’s name by visiting the National Association of Secretaries of State’s website, which provides links to every state office. Some secretary of state websites allow you to complete an online search to access UCC lists, while others might require you to submit a search request in writing.
To complete your search online, you’ll need the debtor’s name, either the name of the business or the individual. You also could search by the UCC filing number, also referred to as the financing statement number. There typically is a charge to request a copy of the filing.
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Brinks Sensible Safety Important
Most management panels connect on to this panel in older or bigger wired methods. In some instances, the consumer interface does connect directly to the parts or service, however in most cases, it’s relayed via a hub or major panel. All of the expertise primarily based security hardware works hand in hand with the management panels in a home to relay messages to the monitoring company.
Home surveillance cameras used for security functions have become more accessible, but have sparked security considerations from shoppers. The system also requires skilled set up, which is included in the price.
This is normally in a closet or utility room somewhere on the premises. Usually, you’ll find a PCB with many terminals or antenna for connections. Many also have built-in backup batteries for wired techniques and a cellphone or ethernet line in or out port. Some might have a serial port for connection to a technician’s computer for diagnostics.
Home homeowners rely closely on these techniques to make sure their safety, and with out the management panel monitoring every thing taking place throughout the house, this is inconceivable. Current cameras feature talents corresponding to motion detection and two-method audio, allowing customers to receive notifications of exercise and communicate and pay attention through the digicam.…
Photograph 9: Set Up The Speaker
If you’re in search of an affordable, easy to put in residence security system with a large number of add-ons, Abode might be just what you’ve been in search of. Additionally, Abode provides flexible plans ranging from on-demand monitoring, free options, and premium plans as properly. With Abode, you also have the option of including residence automation options, together with environmental catastrophe protections, and more.
How Do I Do Know If A Diy System Is Right For Me?
Brinks has been a well-revered home security industry leader since 1983. So needless to say, their DIY residence security systems are prime notch and they’re identified for their competitive pricing. The highest level of house security comes from the corporate’s Elite package deal. For those that want ample options to choose from to customize their residence security, that is why Link Interactive is an efficient match. It offers as much as 43 sensors, distant entry and control, HD and night time imaginative and prescient capabilities, scheduled video footage, and video recording.
Another huge good thing about the SimpliSafe system is that it’s extremely straightforward to setup and set up. And the bottom unit features a siren, a 24-hour battery backup, and a SIM card you should use for mobile communication.
It also presents control lights and locks together with geo providers and thermostat management. You pay a bit extra for these features, however for many they’re worthwhile. There are several causes that Link Interactive is a …
Smoke alarms and leak sensors can provide you with a warning to fires and floods earlier than they wreak havoc on your house, and plenty of residence insurance firms offer homeowners reductions for properties with residence security methods. Home security has many alternative choices, from professionally put in and monitored systems to primary peel-and-stick sensors that ship alerts to your cellphone. But it doesn’t matter what sort of system you choose, the best good thing about a house security system is the peace of thoughts you get knowing that no one is coming into your own home without your knowledge. Mobile Access is a price-packed function that comes normal with most professionally put in alarm systems. Simply open your companion app to access, monitor, and take whole management of your own home security. The expertise is user-pleasant, however you’ll have a professional in your home to subject any questions.
Commercial High Quality Home Safety Digicam Methods
Your safety technician can place these units on shower partitions, in the bed room, near stairways, you name it. Placement is every thing, particularly in terms of Glass Break Sensors. These devices use sound-delicate expertise to protect your house. When the sensors choose up on the sound frequency of glass breaking, they trigger the alarm and send cellular alerts. Get outfitted with this impressive function, and burglars must discover another hobby.
Are House Security Techniques Worth The Cost?
If you could have an Xfinity X1 cable TV field, you can control the system from …
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The Election Commission of India announced the schedule for the assembly elections that will be held in 4 states (Assam, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu, Kerala) and 1 Union territory (Puducherry). The terms of these states’ assemblies will come to an end in May and June. However, President’s Rule has been imposed in Puducherry after the V Narayanasamy-led Congress government failed to win the trust vote earlier this week.
Elections will be held in eight phases on March 27, April 1, April 6, April 10, April 17, April 22, April 26 and April 29 depending on the situations in respective states. Apart from these, the schedule has also been released for the Tirupati Lok Sabha in Andhra Pradesh and the Nagarjuna Sagar Assembly constituency in Telangana. The election results will be announced on May 2.
Election to be held in three phases for 126 seats. The first phase of polling will be held on March 27 (47 assembly seats). Elections for the second and third phase on April 1 and 6. 33 thousand polling stations are set up for voting.
Elections will be held in a single phase for 234 assembly seats. 89 thousand polling stations will be set up for polling on April 6.
Polling for 140 seats will be conducted in a single phase on April 6. A total of 40,000 polling stations will be arranged for voting.
West Bengal is the largest assembly with 294 seats out of the 5 regions. Polling will be held in all eight phases on March 27, April 1, 6, 10, 17, 22, 26, 29. More than one lakh polling stations will be set up for the elections.
Polling will be held in a single phase in the 30-seat Union Territory of Puducherry. Polling will be held on April 6 and 1500 polling stations will be set up for voting.
After Bihar, this is the first major set of elections to be held in the middle of the coronavirus pandemic. Outgoing Chief Election Commissioner Sunil Arora said that all extant guidelines for Covid-19 would be observed during the elections. The number of electors per booth will also be limited to 1,000. Covid-19 patients will continue to be allowed to cast their vote by postal ballot or vote in the last hour of the election.
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“Trolling for Blues” could be styled a work whose metaphor takes over the poem and changes it into something other than what it started out to be. It is written in a five-line stanza of loose pentameters without rhyme. As it begins the poet talks to himself about metaphors: The “dapper terns” and the cloud that “moils in the sky” like an embryo are seen in human terms—humanity is projected upon them. (Only a person could be “dapper.”) Wilbur then analyzes his fish-is-like-man metaphor. Humans make the fish, he points out, a “mirror of our kind.” Immediately he begins to mock the poet in everyone: The fish is human only if, he says, one sets aside the fish’s “unreflectiveness,” his habit of leaping up out of the water, and his strange practice of swimming a hundred miles out to sea to spawn.
One conceives of the fish, the poet says, as blue, “which is the shade/ Of thought.” He becomes at this point a symbol of the intellect “on edge! To lunge and seize with sure incisiveness.” The fish, however, does not cooperate with the poet; suddenly he strikes the lure and dives into the deep, “Yanking imagination back and down/ Past recognition” to the dark places at the bottom of the water. There the fish becomes a symbol of the unconscious, of the place where there is no intellect. He is also a symbol of the evolutionary past—the dark, mindless Devonian age when there were no people. This is where humanity began, coming up...
(The entire section is 403 words.)
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Favorite Inspiring Quotes
Commentary by Peter Shepherd
The truth is enlightening. Therefore light is the symbol of truth.
The essential truth that will set you free is... well, that's for each of us to realize, through inner knowing. It's heart-felt; to read the same thing in words sounds simplistic and makes little difference. The truth is what actually is, end of story, but that can be perceived a million ways, through all kinds of filters and from different angles. Truth is a constant search. Its boundaries are ever widening, for as the soul evolves the mind responds.
One lie is all it takes for someone to lose their faith in you. The best you can do is always be upfront, always be real and always tell the truth.
Removing the cobwebs is easier said than done, of course. So much invested in those old beliefs. Realizing a truth that before was obscured can really open the floodgates to change, which is why the establishment status quo goes to such lengths to cover up the truth of things, to protect their investments. As John F Kennedy said, "The great enemy of the truth is very often not the lie, deliberate, contrived and dishonest, but the myth, persistent, persuasive and unrealistic." Truth fears no questions.
Lies always catch up with you and then you're shamed-faced. Taking responsibility and telling the truth always has a better outcome.
Here’s some further reading on this theme...
If you are a seeker; if you are interested in spiritual growth; if you want to connect with the part of you that - while always present - is not always (at least at first glance) so easy to find, then you may have already spent years, or even decades in a quest for ultimate answers. You may have followed first this route, and then that one; you may have walked in the footsteps of one thinker or another; you may have grown disillusioned in what you found and then gone on to yet a new path, a new guide, and still you search. But that will never lead you to what you truly seek. Continues...
Did you find this page helpful? Share your thoughts and suggestions with your Facebook or Twitter friends below...
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Happy in Swisher County, Texas — The American South (West South Central)
First United Methodist Church
In 1906, Happy moved to its present location along the Santa Fe Rail Line. The Methodist church building was hauled to the new townsite by wagon in 1909. The Rev. B. F. Sharp, a circuit rider, reorganized the 15-member church at its new location. Happy remained on a circuit with 4 other congregations until 1919.
The original church building was remodeled in 1920, during the pastorate of the Rev. C. W. McNeely. The present sanctuary was constructed in 1930-31, under the direction of the Rev. H. C. Smith. Two years later, a fire gutted the interior, forcing services to be held in the basement. After repairs, the structure was dedicated on October 18, 1942. Recent renovation occurred in 1974, when the Rev. Carl Oglesby was pastor.
Erected 1976 by Texas Historical
Location. 34° 44.672′ N, 101° 51.45′ W. Marker is in Happy, Texas, in Swisher County. Marker is on North Floyd Street, on the right when traveling north. Click for map. Marker is at or near this postal address: 114 North Floyd Street, Happy TX 79042, United States of America.
Other nearby markers. At least 5 other markers are within 14 miles of this marker, measured as the crow flies. Happy Public Schools (approx. ¼ mile away); Harmon-Toles Elevator (approx. 0.3 miles away); Site of Old Happy (approx. 0.3 miles away); Happy Cemetery (approx. 0.9 miles away); Dreamland Cemetery (approx. 14.1 miles away).
Categories. • Churches, Etc. •
Credits. This page originally submitted on , by Bill Kirchner of Tucson, Arizona. This page has been viewed 124 times since then and 5 times this year. Photos: 1, 2, 3. submitted on , by Bill Kirchner of Tucson, Arizona. This page was last revised on June 16, 2016.
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Commenting on the Government's proposals to ban junk food advertising, Andrew Allison, Head of Campaigns of The Freedom Association, said:
"It is disappointing that Boris Johnson, who has always been regarded as a libertarian on these issues, is proposing banning adverts for what the Government regards as unhealthy food.
"These measures will not work. Government interventions like this never do, but they will have unintended consequences. Those who work in the advertising industry and work for commercial broadcasters could lose their jobs as a result of reduced revenue.
"The Government should ditch these proposals before it's too late."
To arrange broadcast interviews, please contact:
Head of Campaigns
Email: [email protected]
Tel: 07803 741104
NOTE FOR EDITORS
The Freedom Association (TFA) is a non-partisan, centre-right, classically liberal pressure group. We believe in the freedom of the individual in all aspects of life to as great an extent as possible. As such, we seek to challenge all erosion of civil liberties and campaign in support of individual liberty, freedom of expression, and free markets.
To find out more about The Freedom Association, visit our website: www.tfa.net
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Florida Food Safety Regulations
Food Manager needs to be present when four or more employees are present onsite. Check with local health department for county specific requirements. Food workers must complete training within 60 days of beginning work.
Food workers must have training specific to their responsibilities. If a food worker is responsible for food preparation, he or she must know the safe methods of storage, cleaning, prep etc.
Food Manager Certification
Required – Minimum one certified manager per facility. One per shift if 4 or more employees. If a food manager resigns, the establishment has 90 days to find a replacement or get someone else certified. Food managers do not need to go through food worker training.
Food Handler Certification
Must take a Florida approved Food Handler Course if job requires food preparation, display or storage. Local requirements could vary, check with local health department. Required state approved course: 2 hours.
Check with certified food handler course providers.
Food Manager – 5 years; Food Handler- 3 years.
State approved food handler courses here. Prometric, ServSafe, National Registry of Food Safety Professionals (NRFSP), and 360 Training approved for Food Managers.
Classroom, Online, or Pearson Testing Centers. Please check your local health department for the most up to date information.
Special Notes and Exceptions
Food workers need to complete training that does not include a written exam.
For additional information, visit Florida Department of Health resources:
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Summer Coloring Sheets Pages Pdf For 2nd Graders Kindergarten Fun Colouring Elementary Students To Print Free Preschoolers Summertime Printable Adults T Rex Coloring Pages Summer Coloring Sheets
The simple action of creatively coloring in a page acts as a release from the daily stresses and worries someone faces. In the moments that you are coloring, you have the potential to escape from every other thought and to focus your energy and attention to the image or design in front of you. What's more, individuals having trouble focusing are often experiencing this challenge due to an overly stressed mind and thought pattern. By taking time out to color, the same individual can encourage mental clarity and focus. Discover our adult coloring pages & best adult coloring books that will teach you how to relieve stress. Check out our free Printable adult coloring pages & books to print including festivals, places, food, occasions and many more.
Significance of Alphabet Coloring Pages, Children actually enjoy learning from an early age, only you should know how you can teach them. Such buchstabenfolge coloring sheets make research lot easier and less for them. They learn from the beginning to take the studies just like games and build strong bottom part for learning things easily. Lots of children at higher classes cannot handle the pressure of studies mainly because they don't know the exact process or method of learning because their preschool learning had been very much mechanical and monotonous. On the contrary preschool teens that are exposed to such easy learning process that makes things interesting and easier for them to analyze, they develop better learning skills and enjoy learning throughout life. The alphabets in colorful and designed methods help provide information very much quicker and easier to the youngsters and enable them to relate or perhaps learn things easily.
You would think that after your child has completed their masterpiece that would be the end. Well it's not over yet! Teaching your little one(s) to actually search for their own coloring pages introduces children to the Internet. By teaching them to do so your little one will develop hand eye coordination by using the keyboard and mouse. Their skills on how to search for the information that they are looking for will prove to be invaluable in latter years. Before long I'm sure your child will start to teach you a thing or two about the Internet that you didn't know.
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New plant slated for production in early 2022
Gord Crawford of Expander Energy got so busy talking to town and M.D. people last week (maybe others) he didn’t have time for a proposed sit-down interview with your local paper. So we did it by phone when he got back to Calgary.
“It’s been a hectic few days,” he said. “We’re getting to the short strokes. Taking the putter out of the bag.”
The ‘short strokes’ on Expander’s bio-fuel plant at Mitsue Industrial Park is apparently something to do with applying for a development permit, which Crawford said he has done.
“Construction should start mid-2021,” he said. “With production in early 2022.”
Asked for a brief description of how it works, Crawford went all the way back to the 1930s, when somebody in Germany figured out a way to synthesize liquid fuel out of coal gas. Called the ‘Fischer Tropsch’ process, it makes liquid out of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Expander has some sort of patented improvement of that process.
It works something like this: wood waste from the Vanderwell Contractors sawmill goes in one end of the plant. It will be heated to the point that it releases the H and CO. Then the Expander version of the Fischer Topsch method goes to work on that gas and turns it into synthetic diesel, or ‘syn diesel.’
The proposed plant is a $30 million project that for starters is expected to produce 120 barrels of product per day, Crawford says. This would be mainly from hog fuel from the sawmill. If it goes well – and Crawford seems confident it will – other feedstock sources in the local area could be exploited. These include municipal sewage sludge and certain types of waste from the regional landfill.
Waste from other mills is another possibility, although Crawford says West Fraser hasn’t been approached yet.
“The bio-mass potential could support 3,000 to 4,000 barrels (per day),” Crawford says.
But what about the market? Does it exist?
You bet it does, says Crawford. Largely thanks to a federal program that requires two per cent of the stuff (or stuff like it) in diesel at the pump. Manitoba has gone even further recently, Crawford continues, mandating five per cent ‘renewable’ diesel.
There are two types of renewable diesel, he says – the kind made from food oils such as canola, and the kind made from waste products. He predicts the demand for the latter is “just going to grow and grow.” Expander plans on growing with it, with a series of plants across the country.
But it starts right here in Slave Lake. As reported earlier, Expander initially had its eye on a Fort St. John B.C. location for its first plant. But that fell through, and through a personal connection involving local businessman Ray Stern, the company hooked up with Vanderwell Contractors and settled on Slave Lake. It will be the first of its kind in Canada, Crawford says.
Crawford says Ken Vanderwell of Vanderwell Contractors is “critical to the success of this program.”
Vanderwell is quoted in an Oct. 26 news release, saying the company is “very excited about being involved in this innovative and very important project.”
Crawford still isn’t quite sure about how many jobs the plant might sustain. But he did go further than in the earlier interview, estimating about a dozen to operate it, with maybe a couple of dozen indirectly. Construction of the plant would be another story as far as employment goes.
“It’s looking good!” says M.D. of LSR Reeve Murray Kerik.
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Our subject this week for What Is It? Wednesday is Tapioca Flour. Whether or not combined into baked items or used as a thickening agent for soups and sauces, this ingredient can be utilized in quite a lot of completely different recipes. This ingredient is a tough one to grasp and there’s a lot of complicated details about it on-line. We’ll do our greatest to clear it up, but when we missed one thing otherwise you nonetheless have burning questions, please go away them within the feedback and we’ll get you a solution.
What Is Tapioca Flour?
Tapioca flour is comprised of the crushed pulp of the cassava root (pictured under), a woody shrub native to South America and the Caribbean. Regardless that they originate from the identical plant, cassava flour and tapioca flour are actually completely different. Cassava flour makes use of the entire root whereas tapioca flour solely makes use of the starchy pulp. Like different starches, tapioca flour is a really tremendous, white powder that works nicely in gluten free baking. It might probably exchange cornstarch as a thickener for pies, gravies, pudding, dough and sauces and aids in making a crisp crust and chewy texture in baking. It’s most frequently used within the Brazilian deal with Pão de Queijo (pictured under), a light-weight, puffy cheese roll. Tapioca flour is turning into more and more frequent in paleo weight loss plan recipes, as nicely.
Is Tapioca Starch the Similar as Tapioca Flour? Is There a Distinction Between the Two?
There are fairly quite a lot of completely different tapioca merchandise in the marketplace. It is not uncommon for tapioca flour to typically be referred to as tapioca starch. Our tapioca flour is identical factor as tapioca starch, nevertheless you have to remember that there’s a third selection referred to as tapioca flour/starch usually present in shops that cater to a Caribbean and South American clientele. Any such flour/starch is often bought as cassava flour, however it won’t work the identical as our tapioca flour. To greatest keep away from confusion, if you have to use an ingredient for gluten free baking, we advocate sticking with one thing that’s clearly marked as tapioca starch or tapioca flour and steering away from cassava flour.
What About Modified Tapioca Starch?
Read more: Circus animal cookie ice cream recipe
That is a wholly completely different ballgame of starch. Modified starch works nicely in gluten free baking, however it isn’t the identical factor as our tapioca flour they usually can’t be used interchangeably. Expandex produces one of these modified starch.
How Is Tapioca Flour Made?
Primarily, cassava root is peeled, washed and chopped. Then it’s rasped (finely shredded) and the ensuing pulp is washed, spun, and washed till the combination is primarily pure starch and water. The starch is then dried. We acknowledge the hazards of under-processed cassava root and our product has been processed in an acceptable method to make the product innocent.
Why Use Tapioca Flour?
Tapioca flour is a superb thickener that’s superior to arrowroot starch and potato starch. It supplies a crispy crust and chewy texture in gluten free baked items. It additionally serves as an efficient thickening agent for different recipes akin to home made pudding, cookie dough, sauces and gravies. Some individuals select tapioca as a result of they can’t eat corn or potatoes for well being causes and tapioca flour is a superb various.
Ideas for Utilizing Tapioca Flour to Substitute Different Substances:
- Tapioca Flour for Cornstarch in Baking: Substitute 1 tablespoon cornstarch with 2 tablespoons tapioca flour.
- Tapioca Flour for All Function Flour in Thickening: Substitute 1 for 1.
- Tapioca Flour for Instantaneous Tapioca Pearls: For each 1 tablespoon of quick-cooking tapioca pearls use 1 1/2 tablespoons of tapioca flour. Combine the tapioca flour with any dry sugar in an raw pie filling or make a slurry with a small quantity of the liquid earlier than heating in a pre-cooked pie filling, then slowly add the slurry again into the pie filling and proceed to cook dinner the filling at a simmer for 5-10 minutes or till the cloudiness from the tapioca flour has turned clear.
Is Bob’s Purple Mill Tapioca Flour Gluten Free?
Sure, tapioca flour is of course free from gluten. At Bob’s Purple Mill we take it a step additional by producing it in our gluten free facility and batch testing it for gluten in our high quality management laboratory.
Is Bob’s Purple Mill Tapioca Flour Natural?
Read more: What is a good hdl level
No, our tapioca flour is just not licensed natural.
Is Bob’s Purple Mill Tapioca Flour Vegan?
Sure, our tapioca flour is appropriate for a vegan weight loss plan.
Is Bob’s Purple Mill Tapioca Flour Sulfite-Free?
Sure, our tapioca flour is sulfite-free.
Is Bob’s Purple Mill Tapioca Flour Pregelatinized and What Does That Even Imply?
No, our tapioca flour is just not pregelatinized. Pregelatinized implies that the starch has been cooked and dried, making it ideally suited for fast thickening. This course of is used for issues like tapioca pearls to create instantaneous puddings, salad dressings, pie fillings, and so forth. Grinding tapioca pearls won’t produce tapioca flour. Nonetheless, you possibly can exchange instantaneous tapioca pearls with tapioca flour. When you want suggestions for doing so, see under.
Also: How to make ramen better
Our Favourite Recipes Utilizing Tapioca Flour:
- Chocolate Marble Cupcakes from Jeanette’s Wholesome Dwelling
- Blueberry Swirl Muffins from Silvana’s Kitchen
- Gentle Pretzel Bites from Allergy Free Pantry
- Non-Dairy ‘Tacky’ Rolls from The Non-Dairy Queen
- Purple Velvet Cupcakes from Carol Fenster
- Straightforward Brazilian Cheese Bread from Merely Recipes
- Gentle Gluten Free Wraps from Gluten-Free on a Shoestring
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The weather is unpredictable at all times of the year. Most often, it surprises us with sudden rains and thunderstorms on a hot summer day. Sometimes, we don’t even know where the raining clouds come from, do we? And what to do when we left home on our mobility scooter? Can you ride a mobility scooter in the rain at all? How to behave in the rain, and how to protect our vehicles from damage? As you can see, there are a lot of questions. Let’s find out the answers in this article.
Is It Worth Going in the Rain on Mobility Scooter?
When I hear the question, can mobility scooters get wet, it makes me laugh. Of course, such vehicles can easily get wet, especially in heavy rain. This vehicle is completely different from a car, isn’t it? Most manufacturers do not advise taking risks and drive in bad weather. Otherwise, you may later have problems with electronics. Also, you can buy protective covers. It will still be able to protect electronics, battery, and even you at least a little.
Besides, the road is slippery during the rain. So, you probably understand that you need to be more careful with your mobility scooter in rain. Physical therapist Dave Colescott gives some advice on riding a specialized vehicle. In rainy weather, he advises driving at a stable speed and avoid puddles. You may not see the depth of the puddle and damage yourself and your vehicle.
My friend rarely leaves the house in the rain. However, sometimes he returns home with the rain. You know, he constantly carries a cover in any weather. I also advise you to buy at least some protective cover, because it can come in handy at any time.
I doubt you will be able to drive a mobility scooter in the rain at your usual speed. You will move slower in the rain to avoid danger. Therefore, your scooter or wheelchair will ride fewer miles than in good weather. It can carry you, so following a calm smooth ride without sudden movements is an important rule.
Rain Protection Tips
Riding on a rainy road or sidewalk can be dangerous at any time. You may lose control and get hurt. Of course, your vehicle may also be affected. The scooter is motorized and electric. So, the rain will ruin a mobility scooter and all its important parts. Too much moisture is not good for such transport. In addition, you may later see signs of corrosion. It will be unpleasant, won’t it? What should you do? I will give you some important tips.
- Avoid driving on uneven surfaces, stone paths, and pits.
- Drive at a moderate pace, do not chase, and do not make sharp movements.
- Wear a rain cape or cover on your vehicle and yourself.
- When soaking the scooter, be sure to wipe all parts with a towel. Dry it in a warm place and check for serviceability.
- When it rains, try to hide from it with your scooter. If you do not have specialized coverage, then your mobility scooter is not rainproof. If there is a shop nearby where you can drive your vehicle, then go ahead.
- Remember about the tiller cover. It will be useful and helpful in the rain.
- You will stop much longer like a car. Calculate the stopping distance.
So, follow all my advice to avoid danger. Drive slower and be cautious.
Rain can be a nuisance for people who are unable to walk. I advise you not to leave the house in such rainy weather on your scooters or chairs without an urgent need. The road is slippery, the engine can fail, the battery can get stuck, and more. If necessary, take a specialized wet weather cover for a mobility scooter. At home, be sure to inspect the battery, charging port, or other important parts. Wipe them with a dry cloth. And most importantly, be careful on the road.
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