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Letter: Misinformation is out there on public employees
Recent writers and newscasts have discussed public employees and their union organizations. A lot of misinformation is circulating regarding public employees and the salaries of workers in the private sector. For example, Rand Paul said, in a news interview, that the average teacher in Wisconsin earned over $89,000. In fact, the average Wisconsin teacher earns $46,390. To earn that, requires 10+ years of experience and a master's degree. Their starting salary averages $25,222. The average worker in the private sector with a master's degree earned over $78,000.
It is also popular to attack the salaries of federal employees. Their average salary is often pegged at $120,000+. (Again by Rand Paul). Speaker of the House Boehner also said the average federal worker earned over $120,000. In fact, that number is also wrong. The Bureau of Economic Analysis put the actual figure at $81,258. This number might seem high but we should know that 44 percent of these workers have bachelor's degrees while only 18.7 percent of private sector workers do.
Their analysis is based on data from the Bureau of Economic Analysis and done by dividing total compensation (salary and benefits) by the number of current federal civilian employees, including benefits being paid to retired employees, which also leads to inflated averages. The average federal civilian worker is better educated, more experienced and more likely to have management responsibilities.
The office of Personnel Management says federal civilian workers on average are paid 24 percent less than private sector workers doing comparable work. It should also be noted that many of the lower skilled jobs, which pay less, are contracted out to the private sector at low wages and are not included in the statistics.
The Wisconsin governor has been in the news lately for his attacks on collective bargaining for public employees. Neglected in his attacks is the fact that he would have a $120+ million surplus in the budget except that in the two months he has been governor he has given two tax cuts to big business. It is also seldom in the news that he bragged to a phone caller, whom he thought was one of the Koch brothers, that he considered using paid anti union agents to disrupt the demonstrations but had rejected that because it would be bad publicity. He openly boasted of his plan and efforts to break the unions for political reasons. A recent ad by the front group for the Koch brothers, (the ones who brought you $3.55 gas prices despite a record high supply) owners of several refineries and other businesses, states that public union workers make 42% more than non-union private sector workers. You know the fallacy of that ad if you read the above information.
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There are plenty of yoga asanas that help with strength and relaxation, this is where meditation plays a huge role as well. When you learn the various Yoga poses in a class, you will get an opportunity to scan your body while being aware of how you feel through the poses. For instance, you may feel that your balance on the right leg is better than the left, or that you can stretch one side of your better than the other. This is how Yoga helps students be mindful and helps them meditate effectively as well. Yoga and meditation help make us more aware of our body, and we begin to train our attention span. This helps us notice our postures all through the day and not just in yoga class.
Yoga for Beginners
Yoga is an ancient form of exercise that has been around for centuries. It is a great way to stay fit and healthy, and it can also help you manage stress better. Yoga for beginners has many benefits, but it can also be challenging to get started.
If you are thinking of starting yoga but don't know where to start, then this article will help you with some useful tips and tricks on how to get started with yoga for beginners.
What is Yoga?
Yoga is more than a physical workout because it looks to connect the mind and the body. Mostly, an effective yoga session is identified by a set of exercises, known as yoga postures, along with breathing techniques and meditation; these components together form an efficient yoga regimen.
If you find that an asana is difficult or painful, then there are various ways to modify the pose that will help you the most out of your session. Yoga instructors make use of props like chairs, blocks, straps, and blankets to help students reach maximum potential from their yoga asanas. There is no standard yoga practice, which means it’s not a one-size-fits-all exercise; yoga practitioners will have to come up with yoga exercises that suit the individual to reap the most benefits.
An introduction to Yoga asanas:
Yoga believes that the mind is a pendulum that swings from the past to the future, going from emotions like regret to anger, and fear along with bouts of anxiety, as well as sorrow and happiness. When you perform various types of asanas, they allow you to harmonize your body and mind, thereby bringing about composure. There is more to asanas than physical exertion, and they bring about a balance of ease and effort. This means that during Yoga, the student can put effort into each pose which will eventually help them relax. They help enhance flexibility and expand our mind, as well.
When you follow a list of yoga asanas, it should be done with a sense of awareness. This is important when it comes to breathing techniques. Each movement brings about awareness of a body part; for instance, when you raise your arms, you are aware of your movements and which way you should relax.
Yoga poses for beginners
There are 10 primary poses that tend to complete a yoga workout, especially if it’s meant for beginners, here are some easy yoga poses
Child’s Pose This is one of the primary calming poses, and it’s a great pause position. You can get into this pose when you feel like taking a break from asanas that require too much effort. It will help you rest and recuperate before you move on to the next pose. Child’s pose will gently stretch your lower back, open up your hips, thighs, knees, and ankles, as well as relax your shoulders, spine and neck.
When must you do it? Do this pose when you want a stretch through your neck, spine and hips.
When should you skip it? Avoid this pose if you suffer from ankle or knee issue, experience high blood pressure, or are pregnant.
How can you modify the Child’s pose? Just like any other yoga asanas, the Child’s pose can be modified to suit the student. You can rest your head on the cushion and place a rolled towel under your ankles for extra support, in case you get uncomfortable. Focus on relaxing your muscles and breathing techniques.
Corpse Pose: Usually, a yoga session will end with this pose because it will allow you to relax your muscles. Some people may find it challenging to stay still in this pose, but the more you practice, the more relaxing and meditative this pose will be.
You can modify this pose by setting a rolled towel or blanket under your head or knees, especially if you’re having trouble with your lower back.
Downward facing dog: This yoga pose is done to strengthen the arms, back, and shoulders. It’s also known to stretch the hamstrings, calves and the arches of your feet. It’s a great exercise to relieve any back pain.
When should you skip it? This pose can cause some strain on the wrist, and it’s not recommended for people who experience carpal tunnel syndrome or other wrist issues. Also, patients who are prone to high blood pressure or in the last trimester of their pregnancy should avoid this pose.
How to modify the downward-facing dog? You can pose with your elbows to the ground, and this will carry the weight off the wrists. You can also make use of blocks to feel comfortable. It’s vital that you distribute the weight evenly through the palms and lift your hips away from the shoulders.
Plank pose: This is a great yoga technique that helps build core strength, along with toning the shoulders, legs, and arms. It’s a great pose if you want to build upper body strength.
When should you skip it? Skip this pose if you suffer from carpal tunnel syndrome, lower back pain, or any other wrist issues. When you do the plank, imagine the lengthening the back of your neck and spine.
Four limbed Staff Pose: This is a push-up variation that comes after performing the plank, and it’s a common sun salutation in the yoga sequence. This is a great pose if you are ready to advance from the beginner’s level. This is great because it makes your arms strong and manages to tone your abdomen as well.
When do you have to skip it? Skip this pose if you have an issue with your wrist, recovering from a shoulder injury, or experience lower back pain.
How to modify this pose? You can modify this pose by balancing on your knees. Keep your palms flat on the floor and lift the shoulders away from the floor.
The Seated Half Spinal Twist Pose: The twist asana can help increase flexibility for all your back muscles. From all the various yoga postures, this one will help relieve stiffness while stretching the shoulders, hips, and chest. The pose will also get rid of any tension that is settled at the centre of your back.
When should you skip it? If you have any back injury.
How to modify it? If bending your right knee seems uncomfortable, then keep it straight in front of you. Be aware of your breathing patterns, when you exhale lift your torso and twist.
The link between Yoga and meditation:
Focusing on your breathing:
When it comes to mindfulness and meditation, it’s important to take control of the breathing techniques. They are a vital part of Yoga because it will help you stay focused, reduce stress, relax the central nervous system, and calm the mind. When you get a hold of the yoga breathing techniques then you will automatically find a way into meditation. Recently, people have found that the meditation aspects of Yoga are more useful to them than physical exercises. This is because they need some time to relax, release, and recalibrate.
Abdominal breathing- This technique is also known as belly breathing, and it’s a common breathing process that is found in basic yoga classes. When practicing this technique, you encourage efficient airflow through the body and healthy living in general.
- Inhale until your abdomen is inflated
- Exhale until you feel all the air empty out of your abdomen
Ujjayi breath: Also known as victorious breath, this deep breathing will allow smooth flow of breath when done slowly.
- Constrict the muscles at the back of your throat and take a deep breath, ensure that your mouth is closed.
- The sound should be audible to only you.
Interrupted breathing: Also known as interval breathing, here the student will have to pause and hold their breath (as instructed) during the inhaling and exhaling. This is a really good way to control your breathing, especially if you are looking at advanced yoga classes.
- Inhaling fully
- Release your breath, partially
- Hold your breath
- And exhale the remaining air
- Repeat the process
If you find this technique helpful, then you can do this a couple of times during inhalation and exhalation.
Alternate nostril breathing: When it comes to basic yoga for beginners, this technique can be quite effective when balancing the nervous system and it’s a great idea to try it before going into a meditative state.
You can try it by doing the following:
- Close one nostril and inhale through the nostril that’s opened
- Exhale through the open nostril
- Switch sides and repeat the breathing process
- Repeat it several times
What to wear while practicing Yoga?
Yoga does not depend on many accessories or clothing that is complicated; you don’t really need much. However, if you want your yoga sessions to be comfortable, then this is how you may want to progress.No shoes? No problem!
Yoga is best practised bare feet on a mat, socks, and any kind of footwear must be avoided because they are slippery. If you don’t want to go bare feet, for hygiene reasons, then get socks that have rubber soles as they have a good grip.
There are many types of yoga mats available in the market, and you can choose the one that is best suited for you. Most yoga studios have their own mats which students can use, but people prefer getting their own; usually due to hygienic reasons. Yoga mats differ in density, texture, length, colour, and stickiness. So, it’s best that you try out various mats before you settle on one that suits you the best. For many yoga asanas, it’s best that you choose a mat that doesn’t slip or slide because it will provide you with a good base that will help when transitioning from one pose to another. It’s extremely vital that you keep your mat clean, you can do so by wiping it down with antibacterial wipes after every session. If you are renting out the mats at the yoga studio, then carry a pack of antibacterial wipes with you and ensure that you clean the mats before and after using it.
There are different types of yoga poses, and most of them require free movement; this means that your clothes should not be restrictive. It’s advised that you wear comfortable attire and any workout clothing that allows free movement should be fine. Don’t wear clothes that are too loose as they may get in the way of your movements, especially if you want to progress into advanced yoga asanas that include headstands and handstands.
How to begin practicing Yoga?
If you want to gain all the benefits that come with Yoga and keep practicing the best yoga poses, then you have to find a way to make it part of your daily routine. Here are some of the best ways you can do so:
Create a habit:
Just like any other activity that you would want to cultivate into a habit, you will have to start by making it an essential part of your routine. If you feel overwhelmed by the thought of doing Yoga daily, then instead of diving into it headfirst, dip your toes and start with small and manageable steps. You can perform ten to fifteen minutes of Yoga, daily until you feel confident enough to enrol yourself in a class. Once you get the hang of the standard poses, you can go ahead and learn more poses and get in a good workout for more than fifteen minutes.
Finding a suitable class:
Once you have made a habit of performing Yoga for more than 10 minutes and are comfortable with the basic yoga techniques, then you may want to start looking for a Yoga class. If you’re a beginner, then it’s suggested that you look for a class that is taught by a qualified instructor. The class can be taken in a private or group setting. As a beginner, it’s essential to take up classes because they will advise you on the right poses and also monitor your posture to ensure you get the most out of your yoga sessions.
When researching for yoga classes, look for teachers who have completed a 200-hour certification program and that they are accredited with the Yoga Alliance; these qualifications are essential because they include training and injury prevention. If you are worried about your ongoing medical condition, then you have to consult with your doctor before enlisting in any yoga class. The doctor will help you in figuring out what yoga techniques to perform and which you should avoid.
Look for yoga studios that rent out good quality mats, ones that don’t slip and provide good support. Nevertheless, carry an antibacterial spray and wipes to clean the mat before and after you use it.
How to determine the right Yoga class for you?
There are many yoga exercises, and they are taught in various styles. Some can be challenging and leave you in a pool of sweat, while others focus more on calming the mind and restore your physical balance. Some Yoga instructors may play music while class is going on, while others prefer a silent session. Here are some of the common classes you may find at yoga studios:
Most yoga techniques and asanas that are taught recently, are a form of Hatha Yoga. This means that it focuses on the physical part of Yoga, and not on meditation or philosophies. This yoga class is a combination of breathing exercises and poses, sometimes it can get challenging, and other times it can be relaxing. Check with the yoga studio if they can cater to beginners so that you can start slow and increase the intensity with time.
These yoga classes are aimed at students who can take on advanced levels of Yoga. They are centred on progressive yoga postures. The teachers will merely guide you on the poses, and the students will have to practice them on their own. If you’re a beginner, then this class may not be the one for you because you will need a teacher that’s more hands-on and is willing to include yoga philosophy into their classes.
Power yoga is aimed at building strength, and the classes are inclusive of inversions and advanced poses like handstands and headstands.
Also known as flow classes, they are a mix of beginner and advanced yoga asanas. These classes have an energetic vibe, and the classes have musical accompaniment which depends on the teacher’s choice.
If you’re curious about how your muscles and joints work, then this class is meant for you. Here the instructor will help you focus on your posture along with the poses; they will help you get the right precision so that you get maximum benefits from them. They use props like blankets, straps, bolsters, and such. The classes are also inclusive of breathing exercises and yoga philosophy.
If you want to sweat it out during yoga sessions, then Bikram Yoga is perfect for you. These classes are performed in a series that includes 26 asanas, in a room that is heated to 105 degrees Fahrenheit. It’s believed that the heat enables flexibility, better stretching, and excellent cardio workouts.
Class Etiquettes, you must follow:
If you are following Yoga for beginners and are about to join your first yoga session soon, then there are some etiquettes that you must follow when joining a new class.
Firstly, yoga students must be punctual; they should reach the studio on time because being late is considered rude and disrespectful. If the class is popular, then it will be crowded, which means the students will be mat to mat and you won’t be able to keep your personal belongings next to you. Keep them stacked on the shelves and turn off your cellphone before the session begins.
If you opt for hot Yoga, then it’s better that you carry your own hand towel, for hygienic reasons. This is highly recommended because you are going to perspire, profusely, and you wouldn’t want to slip on your sweat.
Practicing Yoga at home:
If you feel that your daily schedule is too hectic and you can’t make it for classes regularly, then it’s best to practice yoga asanas at home. You can follow online classes from certified instructors, or find apps that will help you perform basic yoga poses and breathing exercises at home.
Do your own research:
In the end, it’s necessary that you chose a yoga class that suits you the best. Don’t go to classes just because they are popular. Try out different studios that are led by various instructors, take trial classes and practice sessions until you find the one that resonates the best with you.
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Countryfile has been given access to an excavation at the Stonehenge World Heritage site, and Joe Crowley meets the team who have discovered strange items buried in the soil at Durrington Walls, not far from the famous stones of Stonehenge. Joe meets archaeologist Julian Richards, a world authority on the stones, and then Hugh Morrison, a tenant farmer at Stonehenge, to see just what sort of problem he faces farming on a World Heritage Site. Anita finds out how Neolithic farmers lived by visiting reconstructions of the types of houses they lived in, and she learns to bake bread the Neolithic way. She also meets the modern-day farmer who has built a Stone Age longbarrow on his land where people can inter the ashes of loved ones. John is joined by fellow judges Deborah Meaden and Simon King to select the final 12 pictures in the Countryfile Photographic Competition, and in a nod to the competition's theme, we spend a day with Adam seeing what happens on his farm 'From Dawn til Dusk'.
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Issue 4: The State
Materials for a Revolutionary Theory of the State | Asad Haider and Salar Mohandesi
“I believe that the status of the state in current thinking on the Left is very problematic,” Stuart Hall wrote in 1984, in the midst of Margaret Thatcher’s war on the “enemy within.” He reflected on the legacy of the postwar period, which saw the extension of public services within the context of a vast expansion of the state’s intervention in social life.
Seven Theses on Workers’ Control (1958) | Raniero Panzieri
In the workers’ movement there has been for a long time, and in successive periods, a discussion of the question of the modes and temporalities of the transition to socialism. One tendency, which occurred in various forms, believed it was possible to schematize the temporality of this process, as if socialist construction had to be preceded, always and in every case, by the “phase” of construction of bourgeois democracy.
Theses on the Transformation of Democracy and the Extraparliamentary Opposition (1968) | Johannes Agnoli
These theses serve as a supplement to my book Transformation of Democracy and a correction to some misquotations made at the remarkable delegates conference of the SDS. I am generally of the opinion that rather than interpret texts, revolutionaries should change relations. As measured by the state’s actual power relations and by the actual relations of domination in society, the familiar expression for the modern bourgeois state – “parliamentary democracy” – represents a paradox.
Crisis and Strategy: On Daniel Bensaïd’s “The Notion of the Revolutionary Crisis in Lenin” | Patrick King
The English translation of Daniel Bensaïd’s autobiography, Une lente impatience, is a welcome event in the Anglophone Marxist world. Not only does it contain a rich history of some of the most decisive moments for the French Left from the ’60s to the present, it also deepens our understanding of the heterodox sources that coexisted within Bensaïd’s unique form of Marxism.
The Notion of the Revolutionary Crisis in Lenin (1968) | Daniel Bensaïd
In several places throughout his work, Lenin tries to define the notion of a “revolutionary crisis,” especially in Left-Wing Communism: An Infantile Disorder and The Collapse of the Second International. However, he outlines a notion more than he establishes a concept, as the descriptive criteria that he enumerates remain subjective assessments.
Hans-Jürgen Krahl: From Critical to Revolutionary Theory | Michael Shane Boyle and Daniel Spaulding
Hans-Jürgen Krahl died in a car crash in 1970, at the age of twenty-seven. By that time he had weathered the rise and decline of the Socialist German Student Union (Sozialistischer Deutscher Studentenbund, or SDS), among whose ranks he was, arguably, both the most sophisticated theorist and, after Rudi Dutschke, the most incendiary orator. The SDS had been founded shortly after World War II as the youth wing of the Social Democratic Party (SDP) of Germany. As the latter moved towards the center, however, the SDS radicalized, eventually leading to expulsion from its parent organization in 1961. It would soon become the most important student group in Germany, even as its official policy shifted further towards revolutionary Marxism.
The Philosophy of History and the Authoritarian State (1971) | Hans-Jürgen Krahl
Historical materialism’s critical economic prognoses on the natural course of the capitalist world order have been confirmed. The conditions for the economic breakdown and crisis of capital have been fulfilled; the historical tendency of capitalist accumulation has long since reached the degree of concentration and centralization that Marx and Engels designated as its naturally produced historical terminus. The existence of the authoritarian state is just as much an expression of the “final crisis” as it is of the temporary, politically mediated success of the attempt to manage it in the interests of monopoly capital.
The New Deal and the New Order of Capitalist Institutions (1972) | Luciano Ferrari Bravo
To speak of the New Deal as a huge qualitative leap in the development of capitalist institutions – a leap that, precisely because it functions at a crucial point in the plot of capitalist society at a global level, has itself a special historical importance – seems to be a statement by now generally taken to be wholly correct. The matter was already settled in the mind of its greatest protagonist and in the ideology created around him that enthusiastically founded the “myth” of the New Deal’s “revolution”; and, if every myth must have a real justification, this one lay in the effective dismantling of the system in the rapid course of a decade. No less significant, at this level, is the bitter opposition from various positions that the New Deal came to provoke; these were attitudes that then, and not accidentally, flowed back against it in a wide underlying consensus.
Notes on the Political Over the Longue Durée | Matteo Mandarini
Written towards the end of what we might call the “second period” of Tronti’s reflections, that of the so-called “autonomy of the Political,” sandwiched between the more famous phase of Operaismo and the – almost completely unknown to the Anglophone world – “third period” political theological phase, that of the twilight of the political, the short text translated here will come to many Anglophone readers of Tronti as a surprise.
The Political (1979) | Mario Tronti
The political has a history. It is the modern history of relations of power. To reconstruct, reread, to accumulate materials, to lay out the problems by following the unhurried course of time, to set out from the classics is not an escape into the past, it is an experiment, a test, the attempt to verify a hypothesis. Let us leave formulae to the arithmetic of politics. Let us leave the autonomy of politics to the newspapers. The difficulties encountered by the Marxist theory and practice of the workers’ movement in taking upon itself the fact of power all stem from this absence of knowledge, from this lack of reflection on the historical horizon of bourgeois politics.
ROUNDTABLE: POLITICAL POSSIBILITIES
The Committee Room and the Streets | Geoff Eley
The idea that one could reconstitute a viable left politics by straightforwardly reappropriating the elements that were so effective in this earlier period is a non-starter. At the same time it does not mean that you cannot take some or even all of those elements – suitably rethought – and combine them in new and creative ways that can have real efficacy for the purposes of the present. You have to begin the argument now rather than in relation to then. You can’t recuperate “then” as a way of restarting “now.”
Rethinking Political Power and Revolutionary Strategy Today | Panagiotis Sotiris
The question of political power has returned to the forefront of political and theoretical discussion. This is not a coincidence. The acute economic crisis, its serious social consequences, the open political crisis in certain social formations, and the very sight of the overthrow of governments and regimes under the force of political mobilization – despite, in the case of the Arab Spring, the tragic end of such processes – mean that such questions are again urgent.
The Ends of the State | Joshua Clover and Jasper Bernes
It is in no way self-apparent that thinking more about the state, even if one promises to do it differently, is the sensible remedy for the problem of social movements that hurl themselves repeatedly against the colonnades of the National Assembly. If we are to confront practical problems in the struggle to remake the world, we should like to see the situation right side up. For us, the problem is not how to seize state power but how not to be seized by it – how we might elude being hailed by the question of power rather than that of social reproduction, and in turn, elude being forced to fight on terrain that is unfavorable.
Commune, Party, State | Jodi Dean
As it forces the matter of the political form of the people, the Paris Commune serves as a key reference point in Marxist discussions of the state. What form does the people’s self-government take? Insofar as the people precede the state, analysis of the Commune event necessarily opens up to the people’s subjectification and to the political process of which the people are the subject. And insofar as the people politicized are people divided, a part of a constitutively open and incomplete set, the place from which the people are understood is necessarily partisan. The question of the party precedes the question of the state.
The State Against the State | Nina Power
As the last vestiges of the welfare state all but disappear in the UK, we are faced with the paradoxical situation of those most opposed to “the state” (either as anarchists or as revolutionaries committed to its “withering away”) being forced to defend elements of it against those who are in the process of privatizing it into oblivion. Of course “the state” is not simply a vanishing safety net or a real but ignored set of obligations, but also prisons, police, courts, and multiple other forms of coercion, punishment, control, and violence. Can we defend the “good state” against this other one without falling into political contradiction or practical confusion? Can we separate out the state and capitalist production?
Lessons for Building a Democratic Workers’ State | Immanuel Ness
The failure of socialism in the early 20th century is a product of the internal contradictions of bourgeois democracy, which permitted independent working-class organizations on condition that they did not pose a challenge to the capitalist state. In this way, the most significant historic fracture on the Left, one which remains with us today, followed the eager embrace of liberal democracy by Second International reformist socialists.
SOCIALIST CONSTRUCTION PAST AND PRESENT
The Margins and the Center: For a New History of the Cultural Revolution | Christopher Connery
Given that a militant politics has to date largely been confined to “the margins,” and given the present fairly bleak political terrain, an examination of historical manifestations of political creativity at the mass level might have greater than historiographical importance. Wu Yiching’s re-interpretation of the Cultural Revolution – The Cultural Revolution at the Margins: Chinese Socialism in Crisis – is such a study, and it is a story whose dynamic bears an important relation to the historical vicissitudes of the local/center dynamic. Considering its historical and continuing political importance, including in much recent radical philosophy, the Cultural Revolution remains one of the most under-studied phenomena of the 20th century.
From Subaltern to State: Toward a Left Critique of the Pink Tide | Robert Cavooris
As people throughout Latin America react to the unsparing neoliberal policies that swept the region in the 1980s and 90s, Venezuela has become the hinge of a much broader leftward turn. This shift has impelled massive political transformations in Venezuela and Bolivia, stirred more moderate resonances in the Southern Cone, and in the cases of Paraguay and Honduras, aroused reactionary coups. As one of the few left political projects of its scale in the post-Soviet era, this Latin American marea rosada, or “pink tide,” is a material testing ground for the transition from capitalism to something else – leaving open for now the question of whether this something else is communism – and it demands substantive discussion on the Left.
RETHINKING THE POLITICAL
The Political Economy of Capitalist Labor | Heide Gerstenberger
The conviction that capitalist production requires laborers who are not only dispossessed of autonomous means of reproduction, but are also legally free to offer their capacity to labor on the market, has been central to Marxist analyses of capitalism. Any endeavor to confront this thesis with the actual history of capitalism not only runs counter to the dominant content of traditional Marxist analysis, but also to the fundamentally optimistic Marxist philosophy of history.
The Critique of Politics | Alex Demirovic
Politics, and in particular democratic politics, is often viewed within political theory as the area in which human beings come together in order to make collective decisions and to become capable of collective action. From this perspective politics is seen – in distinction to the economy, with its power and its inherent necessities – as the sphere of autonomy and freedom. In opposition to this perspective, Marx put forward the view that politics is itself heteronomous and has its share of social unfreedom.
Remarks on Gender | Cinzia Arruzza
We often use the term patriarchy to underscore that gender oppression is a phenomenon not reducible to interpersonal relations, but rather has a more societal character and consistency. However, things become a bit more complicated if we want to be more precise about what exactly is meant by “patriarchy” and “patriarchal system.” And this move becomes even more complex when we begin to ask about the precise relationship between patriarchy and capitalism.
In a brief moment of his theoretical work, the great Japanese Marxist critic Tosaka Jun deployed a decisive and crucial phrase, a phrase that I believe concentrates within it the historical conjuncture we have been experiencing on a world-scale in the recent years of crisis: he calls this ultimate crystallization of politics “the facts of the streets” or “the facts on the streets” (gaitō no jijitsu).
LOGISTICS OF POWER
Lineaments of the Logistical State | Alberto Toscano
It has long been noted that the apparatuses of control and accumulation that structure the social and material reality of circulation – transport, the energy industry and, after World War Two, “business logistics” as a veritable science of real subsumption – though born to break the bargaining power of transport workers and accumulate profits by annihilating space and depressing wages, have also, especially through their energetic dimensions, created dynamic arenas for class struggle.
Disrupting Distribution: Subversion, the Social Factory, and the “State” of Supply Chains | Deborah Cowen
We have entered a time of logistics space. Contemporary capitalism is organized as a dispersed but coordinated system, where commodities are manufactured across vast distances, multiple national borders, and complex social and technological infrastructures. Geopolitical economies that were previously governed largely at the national scale – even though as part of a global system of trading nation states – have been reordered into transnational circulatory systems.
Inside Logistics: Organization, Work, Distinctions | Sergio Bologna
Logistics can never be understood from outside the warehouse, only by coming inside and looking at the techniques employed, the equipment and the organization of work does one understand if we find ourselves faced with something that belongs to the new economy, in the real sense of the term, or that resembles the sweatshops of Bangladesh. There is therefore no organization of standardized labor with specific figures, because every commodity sector has its specificity in industrial logistics, and because in distribution logistics, not all goods are subject to the same treatment (think only of perishable products, the cold chain or dangerous and toxic products). Speaking in the generic sense of “logistics” does not lead us anywhere.
NEOLIBERALISM AND GLOBALIZATION
The State of Capitalist Globalization | Sandro Mezzadra and Brett Neilson
It seems almost a paradox, or perhaps just an anachronism, to suggest that it is possible to describe the global situation from the vantage point of the state. Flows and scapes, transnational corporations, migratory movements, financialization, supply chains, the “unholy trinity” of the World Bank, IMF, and WTO – these are the actors, processes, and entities to which analyses of the global most frequently refer. Overwhelmingly the focus has been on operations and dynamics that in some way exceed or displace state power and borders. So much is this the case that arguments about the decline of the state have become predictable and overfamiliar.
The Reproduction of Patriarchal Hegemony: Women in Italy Between Paid and Unpaid Work | Tania Toffanin
In the system of gender relations, the role played by women in augmenting the productivity of the workforce has been and still remains absolutely functional to economic growth. In these terms, the role assigned to women is the outcome of the condition of subordination and dependence on the employment status of the partner or husband, and also the cause of the reproduction of this condition. This process was a structural feature of the Fordist regime, but it is also shaping the post-Fordist regime – because it is precisely through the denial of reproductive work that the patriarchal system allows capital accumulation, and state disengagement in public spending.
State Violence, State Control: Marxist State Theory and the Critique of Political Economy | Chris O’Kane
In the wake of the 2008 financial crisis, a number of movements arose which in different ways, opposed the status quo. At the time, many of us in our exuberance thought these events signaled the end – or at least the beginning of the end – of capitalism. Yet from London to Oakland to Madrid to Athens to Cairo, each of these movements were met and outmaneuvered by an institution which was generally neglected in analyses of the final crisis, and the calls to communize everything by abolishing the value-form: the state.
Europe Forged in Crisis: The Emergence and Development of the EU | Oisín Gilmore
These are turbulent but confusing times in Europe. The Great Recession has taken a serious toll. In Portugal, Italy, Ireland, Greece, and Spain (the PIIGS), intervention by the EU in domestic policy seems unprecedented. Portugal, Ireland, and Greece were forced by financial markets into bailout agreements with the “Troika.” In Italy, under the watchful eyes of Europe, the unelected technocratic government of Mario Monti replaced the elected government of Silvio Berlusconi – and not a single member of this new technocratic government was elected. Spain negotiated with the Troika, but was saved by changes in the financial markets.
CITIZEN AND MIGRANT
Paths of Racism, Flows of Labor: Nation-State Formation, Capitalism and the Metamorphosis of Racism in Italy | Anna Curcio
Since the mid-19th century, Europe has been characterized by a “double path” of racism, directed against Southerners on the one hand, and the African colonized population on the other. To understand the present, not just the question of racism, but of Europe’s “Southern” problem, and of underdevelopment itself, it will be necessary to consider the metamorphosis of Italian racism through the 20th century, and the shape taken by European racism within the crisis. It will be just as important to identify new possible antiracist practices, which can both identify and struggle against the material basis of racism.
The Biology of Citizenship: Immigration, DNA Testing, and the State | Torsten Heinemann and Thomas Lemke
While this understanding of biological citizenship certainly highlights important social and political implications of biotechnological innovations in a globalized world, it tends to downplay and ignore practices of surveillance and exclusion, and the refusal of citizenship rights based on biological knowledge. An interesting example in this respect is the use of DNA testing for family reunification. By discussing Germany as an exemplary case, we show that the use of parental testing endorses a biological concept of the family and may lead to the exclusion or suspension of citizenship rights.
Nearly three years ago, in November 2011, news of a double suicide after a failed bank robbery developed into one of the biggest scandals in postwar German history.1 Even now, it remains unresolved. For thirteen years the two dead men, Uwe Mundlos and Uwe Böhnhardt, had lived underground, together with a woman, Beate Zschäpe. The three were part of the National-Sozialistischer Untergrund (NSU), a fascist terror organization which is supposed to have murdered nine migrant small entrepreneurs in various German towns and a female police officer, and to have been responsible for three bomb attacks and around fifteen bank hold-ups.
Letters from Readers
Part workers’ center and part domestic violence resource center, the Mujeres Unidas y Activas space in East Oakland is demonstrating what it means to build a Latina immigrant women’s’ organization • It’s clear to those of us paying attention that gentrification is hitting the Bay Area particularly hard • The idea of providing immediate services to those locked up in jails and prisons is sometimes seen as a compelling and essential way to reach people inside • When I first heard the word “DREAMer” I didn’t think it was a problematic term, nor did I think it would have a negative impact on our movement. • As a Guatemalan third-world left feminist with Marxist tendencies, I organize knowing the enemy • Sin Barras is a prison abolition group based in Santa Cruz, California.
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Extractive energies have a long history of polluting the air and water of surrounding communities. Our culture depends on energy production and so, as a general philosophy, I support maximizing renewable energy.
As a registered dietitian who has worked in the health care field for more than 30 years, I feel that allowing more extractive processes into the public lands of Grand County is in opposition to preserving public health. Grand County seems poised at a crux between the current level of extractive industry activity and a huge increase in extractive development. At the recent levels we have enjoyed the clean air and water, which is essential to health, and, I believe, is the responsibility of government to help ensure. We have also enjoyed a social climate of relative safety for most citizens. This could change drastically if large-scale extraction is allowed.
Promises made by the energy companies stating that water and air quality (and quantity) will be preserved are to be questioned. I lived in Wyoming and watched many communities lose their clean air and water due to extraction processes, despite promises made to the contrary. Even here in Moab, any money gained by the Atlas mill has surely not covered the expense, which taxpayers have paid, of the UMTRA cleanup.
Of equal importance is the change in social quality of a community when larger numbers of single, well-paid, nonresident workers temporarily move into an area (evidenced recently in North Dakota).
My family and I enjoy recreating in wilderness quality areas, and I realize recreation represents a large part of Grand County’s economy. However, the health and safety of Grand County residents remains my primary concern for asking the county council to protect large amounts of wilderness in Grand County.
Thank you for your time in drafting a proposal to Rep. Rob Bishop. I am hopeful that Grand County residents’ health and safety will significantly factor into your document.
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SYDNEY — China has drawn Australia into its security tensions with India after New Delhi and Canberra signed a defense accord that could see their two military forces sharing facilities in sea straits hotly contested by Beijing.
As China and India mobilize more troops and equipment along their fractious Himalayan border, the Chinese Communist Party-backed Global Times said that Beijing could view the India-Australia accord as a direct threat.
“Some analysts regard this move as a joint effort between India and Australia to counter China,” the newspaper’s website said in an article that carried the headline “Will Aussie, India coordinate to confront China?”
“An enhanced partnership between Australia and India, especially in terms of military cooperation, will bring about a new change in the strategic pattern of the entire Indo-Pacific region,” the article warned.
First floated during bilateral talks in December, the military accord was quietly initialed this week after a virtual summit between Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and his Australian counterpart Scott Morrison that lifted ties to the level of a Comprehensive Strategic Partnership (CSP).
Formally known as the Mutual Logistics Support Arrangement, the accord will improve the interoperability of the two sides’ respective military forces to allow for more engagement. A Defense Science and Technology Implementing Arrangement, meanwhile, will boost cooperation between their research organizations.
This is India’s fifth CSP collaboration in the region, following on similar deals with the US, Japan, Indonesia and Vietnam. It is thus perhaps unsurprising that China views the expanding network of maritime partners as potential encirclement.
With the agreement, Australia is now more firmly the fourth pivot in a long-mooted quadrilateral security arrangement, often referred to as the “Quad”, with the US, Japan and India.
The arrangement, first initiated as the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue in 2007, had previously been put on ice by New Delhi because it was reluctant to upset China. That view has apparently changed after a second Himalayan border standoff in recent years.
India has separately courted Vietnam and the Philippines, Southeast Asian states which oppose China’s military settlements on contested South China Sea atolls and features.
It is now likely that Canberra will be invited to send vessels to Malabar, a naval exercise involving India, the US and Japan that China views as a hostile act. There will be a reciprocal arrangement for Australian exercises.
The two sides have engaged in at least three iterations of AUSINDEX joint naval exercises, beginning in 2015. Exercises held in April 2019 in India’s Visakhapatnam saw Australia send a landing helicopter dock, frigates, a conventional submarine and a Durance-class multi-product replenishment oiler.
The detail attracting the most attention in the India-Australian security pact is an agreement on reciprocal access to logistics facilities — in effect, the joint use of military bases — which may include cooperative supply lines. The focus seems to be on maritime security, but it may involve air forces as well.
Initial collaboration would probably center on the islands of Andaman and Nicobar (India) and Cocos (Australia), which border some of Asia’s most vital trade routes.
Andaman and Nicobar are near the Strait of Malacca, used by thousands of ships traversing between the Pacific and Indian oceans; the Cocos islands are close to the Lombok and Sunda straits.
Both nations are battling to maintain constant surveillance of the waters, which have recently attracted unprecedented attention from China. India has reported increased activity by Chinese submarines and surface ships, while Australia has been monitoring oceanographic surveys conducted by Beijing.
“In the current geopolitical competition in the Indo-Pacific, these islands can provide advantages for strategic, practical, and signaling purposes,” said Indian academic Darshana Baruah, who is involved in a two-year study of Indian Ocean strategy by Australia’s National Security College.
“Access to these islands will not only strengthen Australia’s interests in the eastern Indian Ocean but will also provide a platform to increase its military engagements to the rest of the Indian Ocean – a challenge in Australia’s Indian Ocean policy.
“Similarly, India stands to gain strategically with access to Cocos islands, expanding its reach and presence into Southeast Indian Ocean across the Indonesian straits and into the Pacific,” he said.
Both Australia and India already operate maritime surveillance using P-8 Poseidon aircraft, but mostly from bases on their respective mainlands. Australia also has access to an airbase at Butterworth under a deal with Malaysia.
At the maritime level, there is a potential for joint anti-submarine patrols and cooperation in humanitarian responses and anti-piracy operations. One model for the collaboration could be the joint patrols operated by India and France over the western and southwest Indian Ocean from France’s Reunion island.
A potential sticking point is how the deal is viewed in Indonesia, which would have to agree to any overflights of its territory. India signed a defense cooperation pact with Indonesia as part of their Comprehensive Strategic Partnership but it’s not immediately clear it covers overflights.
Indonesia’s brittle relationship with China deteriorated in late December when dozens of Chinese fishing and coastguard ships entered its exclusive economic zone (EEZ) off the northern islands of Natuna and remained in place for weeks. China has territorial claims on the islands, as do Vietnam and Malaysia.
China’s ambivalent reaction suggests that it views any enhanced security arrangement between India and Australia as a containment measure, with Global Times noting India “may hope to shape more pressure toward China from the international community — in particular from the West.”
“Their common interests in dealing with rifts with China do play a role in urging the two countries to coordinate strategically, which deserves China’s vigilance,” it said, warning this would “shape a confrontational atmosphere in the region, jeopardizing peace and stability.”
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Guest Post by Doug Bandow
Hans Riegel recently died at age 90. He changed the world for the better. He brought us the treat known as gummi bears.
Politicians routinely crusade against wealth and inequality, but that occurs naturally when people create products and offer services benefiting the rest of us.
Today people live on their cell phones. Once we didn’t even have telephones. Thank Alexander Graham Bell, born in Edinburgh, Scotland.
The internal combustion engine auto came from Karl Benz. He was a design engineer who in 1886 won a patent for a “motor car.”
In 1903, Clarence Crane created the hard fruit candy known as Life Savers.
Helen Greiner, a fan of Star Wars’ R2D2, came up with the Roomba vacuum cleaner robot in 2002.
John Mauchly and John Eckert created the first computer in 1946—the Electronic Integrator and Computer, or ENIAC.
Thomas Edison gave us working light bulbs in 1879. Joseph Swan might have beaten Edison, but the latter bought Swan’s patent.
The 3-D printer was created in 1983 by Chuck Hall. His first creation: a tea cup.
General Electric engineer James Wright attempted to make artificial rubber during World War II. He failed, but ad man Peter Hodgson later discovered the malleable material and began selling Silly Putty.
While developing magnetrons for radar in World War II, Percy Spencer noticed that a candy bar in his pocket melted. The result was the microwave oven.
Credit for television goes to Russian émigré Vladimir Zworykin. In 1920 he developed an iconoscope, or television transmission tube, and kinescope, a television receiver.
That same year Austrian Eduard Hass developed the peppermint candy, “pfefferminz” in German, known as PEZ.
The Scottish Charles Macintosh came up with the waterproof Mackintosh Raincoat. A store clerk turned chemist, in 1823 he figured out how to make waterproof fabric.
Infections once were common killers. But in 1928 another Scot, Alexander Fleming, discovered penicillin.
Edward Binney and Harold Smith owned an industrial pigment company and in 1903 combined industrial pigments with paraffin wax. By 1996, 100 billion crayons had been produced.
In 1935, Frederick McKinley Jones developed portable air-conditioning for trucks. Jones became the first African-American elected to the American Society of Refrigeration Engineers.
John Pemberton, an Atlanta pharmacist, developed Coca Cola’s original formula in 1885, in response to a ban on the sale of his wine-coca “patent medicine.”
Canadian-born James Naismith studied theology and worked at a Massachusetts YMCA. In 1891, he relied on a childhood game to develop basketball as a sport to be played indoors in the winter.
In 1884, Lewis Waterman developed the fountain pen. He took ten years to perfect his invention.
Arthur Fry gave the world the “Post-It Note” in 1974. He was both a chemist at 3M and wanted a bookmark that would cling to church hymnal pages. He thought of a failed glue created by a colleague.
Ruth Wakefield, regionally famous for her cooking, ran out of baker’s chocolate while making cookies and in 1930 substituted chunks of semi-sweet chocolate. Her recipe increased chocolate sales and became known to Nestle, which consequently created chocolate chips.
In 1964, while seeking a new synthetic fiber, Stephanie Kwolek came up with the well-nigh indestructible Kevlar—commonly part of bullet-proof vests.
John Harvey Kellogg was a vegetarian who headed a Michigan sanitarium. Faced with wheat gone stale, in 1894 he processed it into dough anyway and ended up with flakes.
These are just a few of the inventions which surround and enrich us. Human creativity and ingenuity—punctuated with a mix of luck and hard work—constantly transform our lives.
As I pointed out in my latest Forbes online column:
Few things better illustrate Adam Smith’s axiom that people can simultaneously benefit the rest of us while pursuing their own interest. Of course people should do good. But they often do best while trying to advance themselves.
Some inventors just love to create. Others hope for money, glory, or something else. Whatever their motives, the rest of us gain.
Like being able to enjoy gummi bears. Hans Riegel, RIP!
Doug Bandow is a senior fellow at the Cato Institute, specializing in foreign policy and civil liberties. He worked as special assistant to President Reagan and editor of the political magazine Inquiry. He writes regularly for leading publications such as Fortune magazine,National Interest, Wall Street Journal, and Washington Times. Bandow speaks frequently at academic conferences, on college campuses, and to business groups. Bandow has been a regular commentator on ABC, CBS, NBC, CNN, Fox News Channel, and MSNBC. He holds a J.D. from Stanford University.
This post first appeared at the Cato At Liberty blog.
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The lecture intended to provide assistance and awareness for those struggling with body image issues.
Photo by Clara Applegarth / Cuestonian
By Clara Applegarth
For Women’s History Month, Central Coast Treatment Center offered an interactive seminar to Cuesta Students who may struggle with eating disorders or body image issues.
The seminar, which was hosted March 1, offered an open discussion so students could share their experiences.
“It’s a huge issue right now,” said Marlena Tanner, a dietician at Central Coast Treatment Center. “We live in a culture that is brainwashed by externalized measures of success, how many followers we have, how many likes we get.”
Cuesta and Cal Poly students alike have sought out treatment through the organization. They have even treated people as early as five years of age up to 72 years old.
Central Coast Treatment Center is located downtown San Luis Obispo. They offer dietitians, therapy, and group work to help get patients on the road to recovery.
“My mom would take inventory of my food intake,” said Michelle Mansker, a psychology student. “I started binging because it was a way of rebelling against her.”
This is one of many events to come in the next month, observing women’s history. Events will include A Natural Hair Documentary, March 8, as well as a TED Talk viewing of colorism and global standards of beauty on March 5 at the Cultural Center.
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ANTIPHONIES: ESSAYS ON WOMEN'S EXPERIMENTAL POETRIES IN CANADA, Ed. Nate Dorward
(The Gig, Ontario, 2008)
The subtitle of this book supplies a can of worms to open. Quickly shifting our metaphor, inside the can one finds a Venn diagram. One must first understand the diagram’s three circles ranged within a larger one called Poetry before inspecting where the circles intersect. In other words, what is women’s poetry? Experimental poetry? Canadian poetry? To answer those questions requires a serious look at the boundaries of each Venn circle. Can of worms, as I said.
But not without interest. Each of those circles stands—to the degree that circles stand—as subset of Poetry. Definitions of Poetry are fluid enough, but then to define these subsets as well: it’s a large, cramping job.
I guess there would be no can of worms except for the existence of an almost explicit fourth circle, Scholarly Critique. Scholarly Critique skews the diagram’s balance. It draws each circle into Academia’s private discussion gravity where clique becomes claque.
I do not want to refer to Academia as a class. Such a simplification offers no help. I mean here that Academic concerns prevail a little too much for us ordinary citizens. Gentle Reader simply may not be so focused. The three initial circles that I presented interest me (as a reader and writer), but less so as refracted thru the Academic prism. Perhaps citing some chapter and verse might help.
The first essay, by Edward Byrne, looks at the career of Susan Clark, and of the Kootenay School of Writing. Clark represents perhaps the central figure in this book, for her writing and for her editorship of Raddle Moon. I will admit my ignorance of her work, but that’s why a reader would come to a book like this.
Byrne’s essay teased my ignorance because it assumed that I know more than I do about the subject. Which makes the Canada of the subtitle more a boundary than some sort of cultural conviction (which is how I take the necessity of specifying Canada in the title). A word of caution here, Byrne uses terms like Pongean and Levinasian. Names becoming keywords like that suggest to me a lazy shorthand that harbours exclusion. Just saying that I’m wary of such usage.
Anyway, referring to a work by Susan Clark, Byrne performs this act of momentum:
[Clark’s] encyclopedia is at once a dream—on the cusp of modernity—of containment, of an interwoven, bound whole, a totality, which reaches its apex in Hegel, and an utter impossibility, the fulfillment of which would embrace infinity. This is what the “structure” of Clark’s work tells us. These are “apparatuses of impossibility”.
Makes you want to take a deep breath just to read that. No good reason exists for cramming so much into sentences, even if the sentences parse. The Hegel reference just dangles there, free of further explication. I’m ready to read Clark’s work, but I won’t be taking Byrne’s path to it.
A selection from Clark’s Bad Infinity follows, helpfully providing some grounding for ignorant me. Along with poetry, the book includes interviews, a talk, an exchange, and epistolary collaborations. To give you some idea of the area of survey. I’m fine with that.
Peter O’Leary’s essay on Lissa Wolsak dares a religious reading of her work. It is a close reading, and valuable therefore. Sentences like the following seem so lifeless, however, as to belie that valuable intent:
The iconic beyondsense [Lissa Wolsak’s] poetry emerges from is perhaps best thought of as made up of quantum particles, surrounded by the qualia of perceptions that makes a nimbus around the actual.
Oh, I don’t know. The word quantum nowadays lacks rigour, as does relying on neologism for weight-bearing import. I picture professors muttering in dusty classrooms. You are just not helping, Peter.
Briefly, some of the other offerings:
• Edward Byrne’s survey of Raddle Moon’s run of issues gives a useful and of course partial sense of the Canadian scene in the 80s and 90s.
• Collaborations between Erin Mouré and Caroline Bergvall and between Mouré and Chris Daniel both show an odd impedence of self-consciousness. I mean flowery, personal statements that seem to overwhelm the collaborative intent. Both pieces were almost smarmy.
• a rawlings offers a sort of diary of collaborative performances in which she participated. She calls it “tracking an obsession”, and it shows the resolved clarity of such focus.
• Tom Beckett interviews Lissa Wolsak and Stephen Cain interviews Karen Mac Cormack, both interviews showing clear thinking.
• Peter Larkin does a study of Lisa Robertson’s work, including the fabulously titled Debbie: An Epic.
And plenty other pieces worth reading. Editor Dorward sensibly admits that this or any anthology cannot be said to cover the ground adequately. He writes that he toyed with adding further qualifications in the subtitle but that that became unwieldy. You bet! As it is, the subtitle marks some points on the map, rather than boils down the mass to some sensible concentration.
I think the anthology makes good and valuable reading, but not for satisfying its subtitled aims. It is no survey, and does not really address the Venn circles with proper expanse. It shows enough landmarks to invite people to go explore. The academic bent is forbidding sometimes, however. Enthusiasm seems bound by MLA citation. Let’s let the bird out of its cage.
The provenance of these pieces remains unclear. Presumably some if not all were published in the journal version of The Gig. Dorward mentions rejecting one piece, so maybe he put out a call, as well.
I glean from this book—perhaps I err—two substantial poetry capitals in Canada, Toronto and Vancouver, tho I gather Dorward himself hails from Halifax. I infer tension between these capitals but that’s a guess. Such Canadian issues are left to allusion if noted at all. The book pretty much misses the question of how Canadian poetry distinguishes itself as Canadian, different from the poetry from other English-speaking lands. Similarly, the idea of women’s poetry really bows to the specifics of individual writers. Both questions could easily turn into muggins, especially if dealt with from the cloisters, but the intent bannered on the cover drives expectations of fulfillment.
I would recommend this book as a taste of what’s out there, but don’t file it under Women’s Poetry, Canadian Poetry, or Experimental Poetry. Antiphonies is not definitive, which is perhaps just as well.
Allen Bramhall is the author of DAYS POEM (Meritage Press), among other things...
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The work of Frank O'Hara (1926a66) is central to any consideration of twentieth-century American poetry. Frank O'Hara Now, the first collection of essays to be dedicated to O'Hara in nearly two decades, asks why O'Hara remains so important to twenty-first-century readers and writers of poetry. For many, O'Hara's distinctive appeal depends on his witty depictions of urban experience, his relationship to the painters of abstract expressionism, and the exhilarating immediacy of his poetic voice. Yet these approachable qualities coexist with a demanding engagement with currents in European and American modernism. The book includes coverage of O'Hara moods that have rarely been discussed in the criticism to date, including boredom, hatred, and nihilism. Throughout, there is a powerful sense that fresh readings of O'Hara are crucial to understanding his continuing influence, making it essential reading for scholars and students of American poetry.The work of Frank Oa#39;Hara (1926a66) is central to any consideration of twentieth-century American poetry.
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Delicious looking cupcakes as far as the eye can see! The cupcake evolved in the United States in the 19th century. In the beginning, cupcakes were sometimes called "number" cakes, because they were easy to remember by the measurements of ingredients it took to create them: one cup of butter, two cups of sugar, three cups of flour, four eggs, one cup of milk, and one spoonful of soda.
child friendly persona
Personas by LisaAtTheBeach
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Season 18, Episode 5 T. rex Exposed
First Aired: February 19, 1991
"T. rex Exposed" looks at "the tyrant lizard king" that roamed the Earth 65 million years ago, and which is a marquee attraction in museums and movies today. Included: dinosaur fossil finds in Montana.
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- Premise: PBS's premier science-documentary series, which has won six Peabody Awards and more than 20 Emmys (four in 2002 alone) since its 1974 debut. `Nova' clearly, and often engagingly, `demystifies' a vast range of science, technology and history topics---past a… (more)
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Beginning Jazz Bass: How to Create Jazz Bass Lines Including Two-Feel, Walking Bass, Bossa Nova, Ballads, Fills & More!
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Colorado photographer David Raccuglia's assignment was to take portraits of the famed quilters of Gee's Bend. But his passion became understanding—and documenting—the lives behind the work.
Of all the shots famed Depression-era photographer Arthur Rothstein took of 1930s tenant farmer communities, there's one in particular that captures the era's intense poverty and racial tensions. In the photograph, a young African-American girl, no more than 10 years old, throws a heavy look out her cabin window and across the town of Gee's Bend, Alabama. The hot summer sun warms her skin and beats off the newspaper insulating her window.
It is the kind of image that has haunted David Raccuglia for years. In 2000, the Boulder photographer was asked to help photograph Tinwood Media's The Quilts of Gee's Bend, a book about an obscure group of women in an even more obscure town in Alabama. The assignment intrigued him; Raccuglia, who spends most of his days shooting celebrity portraits and high-end fashion models, had long been interested in the intimacies of African-American culture in the South. Here, he thought, was a chance to delve deeper into that subject with one of the most passionate publishers of African-American vernacular art. Although his primary responsibility would be to take stills of the quilting women, Raccuglia couldn't help but approach this with eager personal interest. He buried himself in newspaper clippings, books, and Rothstein images. He wanted to understand why this town, of all towns in the South, would be of such importance to an art publisher. But nothing prepared him for his arrival in Gee's Bend.
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Seventy years ago Victory in Europe Day was proclaimed. On May 8, 1945 the mass celebrations took place, just a day after the full surrender of Nazi Germany to the Allies had occurred. Much of Europe had endured five years of Nazi occupation, and all of Europe had endured great turmoil for even longer than that.
On January 30, 1933 Hitler had become Chancellor of Germany, with the first concentration camp opening on March 12. On March 7, 1936 the Rhineland was occupied by German troops, and the infamous Kristallnacht happened on November 9-10, 1938. In 1939 Czechoslovakia and Poland fell, and by late 1940 much of Western Europe was under Nazi occupation.
What happened during this bleak period of human history of course has spiritual parallels. The biblical story line posits a good creation rendered bad by the Fall and the usurpation of Satan. Planet earth has been under enemy occupation, but one day Christ will return to finally put things back to how they were meant to be.
Just as there were many stories of courage, heroism and perseverance which emerged from the Nazi occupation, so too there have been plenty of great stories of the same in the spiritual war we are in. Two recent books which I just bought today highlight both cases.
In Don Stephens’ War and Grace: Short Stories from the World Wars we learn of many such amazing individuals and incredible tales of survival. Let me mention just one of the stories recounted here. Exactly 75 years ago, at 4:30am on May 10, 1940 Johanna-Ruth Dobschiner and her Jewish family were awoken by the sounds of gunfire, airplanes, and Nazi parachute troops landing in Amsterdam.
For the next five years she, like so many others from around so much of Europe, would endure Nazi occupation. Another famous Amsterdam Jew, teenager Anne Frank, was one of over 100,000 Dutch Jews killed by the Germans during that period of occupation.
Johanna-Ruth managed to survive, but her family was not so lucky. In February 1941 her two brothers, along with thousands of others, were rounded up and sent to concentration camps, never to be seen again. Two years later her mother and father were also taken away. She was left alone.
A minister in the Dutch Reformed Church, Bastian Johan Ader was a resistance fighter who sheltered Jews and protected airmen who had been shot down. He took in young Johanna-Ruth. While there she heard his sermons and read from his Christian library. She became a follower of Jesus on Easter Monday, 1944.
Ader however did not last long, as he was betrayed for money. He was arrested in Haarlem, taken to a Gestapo prison in Amsterdam and tortured. He would not divulge any names however, and was shot and killed in November of 1944. After the war Dobschiner found other Jewish survivors of the Holocaust, but most reacted angrily when they learned about her conversion to Christianity.
She went to a Bible College in Glasgow, married a Scotsman, and worked tirelessly to foster good relations between Christians and Jews. Several television documentaries were made about her amazing life. She died of cancer in 2002.
The great suffering of Christians and Jews during WWII was not unique of course. God’s people have always been persecuted. Indeed, one of the other books I picked up today recounts the story of early Christian martyrs, and all the horrors they had to go through for Christ.
Bryan Liftin’s Early Christian Martyr Stories is a sobering but necessary read. In it we learn about two things quite clearly: the utter rage and demonic hatred which so many rulers and others back then had against these believers, and the tremendous fortitude, commitment, endurance and heroism of these Christian martyrs.
Many well-known names are featured here, such as Ignatius of Antioch, Polycarp of Smyrna, Justyn Martyr, Tertullian, and Origen of Alexandria. Men, women and children were all horrifically tortured and killed, but so many stood steadfast, refusing to recant or denounce their Lord.
Let me recount but one story from the Amphitheatre:
So the day came when Maturus, Sanctus, Blandina, and Attaius were led in to face the wild beasts – and also serve as a public display of the pagans’ universal inhumanity. Now, this day of animal-fighting games was specifically arranged for the Christians. In the amphitheatre Maturus and Sanctus once again faced every kind of punishment – as if they hadn’t already suffered the whole range of tortures before! Or maybe it would be better to say, it was as if they’d already tossed their opponent out of the ring in numerous matches, and now they were vying for the victor’s crown itself. Once again they endured a gauntlet of whips, as is customary there, and mauling by wild beasts, and everything else the crazed horde demanded with shouts that rained down from all corners of the arena. And to top it off the martyrs were put on the iron chair, where their frying bodies gave the crowd its fill of savoury smoke. But the onlookers didn’t stop there. They kept on raging, driven insane by their desire to overcome the martyr’s endurance. Yet they never heard a single thing from Sanctus except what he’d been saying from the beginning: the cry of his confession, “I am a Christian!”
That is just one example of what so many Christians had to endure for the sake of Christ back then. While some did succumb, most remained resolute, choosing to honour Christ fully, despite the incessant and horrific torture and suffering.
They were faithful till the end. Of course they all knew that one day they would have their reward, and one day their vindication would come about. They had a Lord who suffered terribly for them, so how could they not do the same for him?
So whether it was Christians tortured in the early church, or during the time of the Nazis, or by the scourge of IS today, there have always been Christian martyrs who stood strong for Christ. All knew they were living in enemy-occupied territory.
All knew that one day Christ would return and right every wrong and reward all those who remained true in times of great suffering. And of course right now we are commemorating all that as well. As the 70th anniversary of VE Day is being celebrated, we recall the courage and fortitude of so many who stood strong, knowing that one day the occupation would come to an end.
There was tremendous rejoicing and celebrating on that day in 1945. The streets were filled with dancing, cheering crowds, so relieved to know that the war had finally come to an end (at least in Europe), and that there had been a great rollback of the evil Nazi empire.
But many lives were lost of course. The casualties were utterly enormous. But the blood of many secured the freedom and release of all. Many died so that we all might live. The blood of Christ was the ultimate sacrifice so that we too could find liberation and release.
And the blood of the martyrs over the past two millennia is an ongoing testimony to the power and sway of that one man who died on a cross 2000 years ago. As I have written elsewhere, the work of Christ at Calvary was to D-Day what his second coming is to VE-Day.
Just as the Allied landing on the beaches on June 6, 1944 was the beginning of the end of the Nazi occupation of Europe, so too the death of Christ on the cross was the beginning of the end of Satan and the occupying armies from hell.
We are now his foot soldiers in the mopping up operation. It took a year of heavy fighting in Europe before VE Day was secured. And it has taken some 2000 years of fighting as we implement what Christ has already won for us at Calvary.
Soon he will return and full vindication and complete justice will transpire. In the meantime we have a job to do, just as all those young soldiers had a job to do in Europe during that incredible year. And the blood of the martyrs is what inspires us to keep going strong.
So many have given their lives for the gospel. We must be willing to do the same. If we persevere, we will be able to stand strong and welcome Christ when Victory on Earth Day soon arrives.
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Although the federal government plays an key part in higher education, states still play the lead role in running and regulating colleges and universities. Inside Higher Education notes the consequences for online schooling:
Online colleges looking to expand their national footprints might have to gird themselves for a regulatory beating from the Sun Belt. And they might get chilly receptions in certain parts of the Upper Midwest, too.
Those regions are home to a number of the least hospitable regulatory environments for online interlopers looking to enroll students from states where they do not have a physical presence, according to a new report from the consulting firm Eduventures. The report, scheduled to be released today, examined the regulatory standards and practices in every U.S. state and the District of Columbia.
It found that Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico, Indiana, Illinois, Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Wyoming are among the least permissive states as far as requiring online institutions to acquire unique licenses to “operate” inside their borders.
Online education seems to be winning the battle against the initial skepticism about its legitimacy. Online enrollments have grown at nine times the rate of classroom-based education since 2002, according to the Sloan Consortium (with major buy-in in the public sector). But deep-seated opinions — bolstered by the occasional unmasking of a fly-by-night diploma mill — are not the only obstacles left over from many centuries of campus-bound higher education. As higher education has evolved, state-by-state regulatory standards have remained “inconsistent, complex, and behind [the] online boom,” says the Eduventures report.
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Auxiliary verbs in questions
One confusing aspect for English language students is determining the correct auxiliary verb in questions, particularly do, have, and be, and their correct form. The good news is that it is really quite simple to determine the correct auxiliary. There are many possible auxiliary verbs in questions, but here we will focus specifically on do, have, and, be. The key is to identify the form of the principle verb in the question.
Auxiliary verb “be”
Whenever the principle verb in a question is in –ing form, the auxiliary will always be “be.”
What time are you leaving the office?
Who were you talking to?
Auxiliary verb “have”
When the principle verb form is in the past participle form (-ed or irregular), the auxiliary verb will be some form of “have.”
What jobs have you applied for?
Has she taken the test yet?
Auxiliary verb “do”
Finally, when the principle verb is in simple form, the auxiliary verb will usually* be some form of “do”.
When does she go to the gym?
Where did you eat last night?
* When the verb is in simple form, other possible auxiliary verbs may be should, can, will, would, etc., depending on the idea you want to express.
Look at the following questions and choose the correct auxiliary verb to complete the question (be, have, or do). Also pay attention to the correct form (third person, past tense, etc.) There may be instances where there is more than one possibility, depending on the meaning.
1. When ____ she picking him up?
2. When ____ you arrive home yesterday?
3. How much pizza _____ you eaten?
4. When ____ she leave for her vacation?
5. How many countries ____ they seen?
6. When ____ you have dance classes?
7. How long _____ you been waiting here?
8. What time ____ the flight arrive yesterday?
9. What ____ she doing when you called yesterday?
10. How much detergent ____ you put in the machine?
Answers to last week’s Check Yourself:
In each of the following sentences, underline the word in parenthesis that has the same sound as the italicized word.
1. Does (was / flows) he see the bass (gas / face) in the lake?
2. Yesterday I read (feed / said) that Pearl Jam will be performing live (dive / forgive) in Costa Rica next month.
3. I saw a tear (near / where) in his eye when the dove (stove / love) flew into his head.
4. You should always close (dose / knows) your eyes and bow (grow / how) when in the presence of a king.
5. I need to read (bed / seed) the directions on how to wind (kind / thinned) my watch.
6. I drew a picture of a bass (gas / case) with a lead (feed / head) pencil.
7. Please close (knows / dose) the door so the wind (mind / sinned) doesn’t enter.
8. I dove (stove / love) into a lake that is near where I live (give / five).
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Western Archrib manufactures a full range of materials in a wide variety of sizes, shapes, and lengths. Our experience shows in the consistent quality of our products and the expertise we bring to custom-fabricated projects. We work closely with architects, engineers, developers, building owners, general contractors and building designers, bringing cost-effective solutions to unique and distinctive designs. With two production facilities, and a network of distributors, we are well positioned to provide projects of any size across North America and beyond.
Slide 1 of 7.
Western Archrib, headquartered in Edmonton, Alberta, was founded in 1951 by Cecil Fargey. His son Jim Fargey joined in 1952, Kent Fargey in 1987, and daughter Joan Fargey in 2003. The initial market for the company was mostly farm buildings, hockey rinks, curling rinks and storage facilities. In 1987, the assets of a Manitoba Glulam manufacturer were purchased and a second manufacturing facility was opened. In the early days, Western Archrib served the Western Canadian market. Today, its products are shipped all over North America and Asia for a wide variety of construction projects. Western Archrib played a key role in establishing a national manufacturing standard for Glulam in the 1960s. We continue to be industry leaders and contributors to organizations that include the Canadian Mortgage and Housing Corporation, Canadian Wood Council, University of Alberta, FPInnovations, the American Plywood Association, and the Canadian Standards Association. With seasoned technical staff, many possessing 30 to 40 years of service, Western Archrib is built on a strong foundation of industry knowledge, hands-on experience and pride in the final product.
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The subsidiarity principle of water resources management suggests that water management and service delivery should take place at the lowest appropriate governance level. The principle is attractive for several reasons, primarily because: 1) the governance level can be reduced to reflect environmental characteristics, such as the hydrological borders of a watershed that would otherwise cross administrative boundaries; 2) decentralization promotes community and stakeholder engagement when decision-making is localized; 3) inefficiencies are reduced by eliminating reliance on central government bureaucracies and budgetary constraints; and 4) laws and institutions can be adapted to reflect localized conditions at a scale where integrated natural resources management and climate change adaptation is more focused. Accordingly, the principle of subsidiarity has been welcomed by many states committed to decentralized governance, integrated water resources management, and/or civic participation. However, applications of decentralization have not been uniform, and in some cases have produced frustrating outcomes for states and water resources. Successful decentralization strategies are heavily dependent on dedicated financial resources and human resource capacity. This article explores the nexus between the principle of subsidiarity and the enabling environment, in the hope of articulating factors likely to contribute to, or detract from, the success of decentralized water resources management. Case studies from Haiti, Rwanda, and the United States’ Florida Water Management Districts provide examples of the varied stages of decentralization.
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.utrechtlawreview.org/articles/abstract/10.18352/ulr.267/
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Mercedes Benz is on the way to introducing models which will use alternative fuels – including plug-in hybrids and fully electric vehicles – by 2018, a full two years before the Indian Government’s plan to enforce stricter emission norms.
Earlier in March this year, the government advanced the implementation of BS-VI (Bharat Stage Emission Standards) by four years, skipping BS-V. It was initially planned under the Auto Fuel Policy that BS-V norms would roll out from 2022 and BS-VI from April 2024.
Mercedes-Benz India MD and Chief Executive Roland Folger said, "We can easily meet the BS-VI requirements. All we need is a year to make the changes. And we can bring in models with alternative drive trains including plug-in hybrids and full-electric vehicles from our global portfolio."
He added that the BS-VI introduction helps his company due the early bird advantage as Mercedes already has a wide range of such models globally. However, Folger did add that the company would need the support of the government in speeding up the certificate process and also with getting higher quality fuel on time.
Mercedes-Benz has the largest range of plug-in hybrids in the world and investing heavily in this tech. It’s parent, Daimler, also picked up a 10 per cent stake in Elon Musk’sTesla Motors Inc. in April 2010.
Mercedes-Benz’ electric models include the Smart Fortwo Electric Drive which is now in its third generation. The Smart Fortwo Coupe, Cabrio, and Electric Drive have all made their debuts at the Paris Motor Show. Its other model includes the B 250 e, which has been in the States since 2014, and Europe since 2015.
Mercedes is currently working on a multi-model electric vehicle architecture for battery powered vehicles. It’s expected to launch soon according to the company. The company also added that they expect its electric mobility arm to by in six-digit figures by 2020.
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CC-MAIN-2016-44
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http://www.digit.in/car-tech/mercedes-benz-to-roll-out-electric-cars-and-plug-in-hybrid-cars-in-india-by-2018-31955.html
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|
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Monday, November 04, 2013
Chief pathology resident Olena Dorokhova, MD, provides patient education
On October 5, 2013, the Pathology Department provided same-day Pap test results and patient education to dozens of women who took part in the Annual Dr. Edward S. Greenwald Breast and Cervical Screening Event, held at Montefiore Medical Park.
The event is largely funded by the NYS Cancer Screening Program and offers free mammograms and Pap tests for women over age 40, many of whom are uninsured.
For the first time this year, women ages 21-39 who do not meet criteria for NYC SCP also received free Pap tests and same-day results, thanks to the See Test & Treat Program, funded by the College of American Pathologists (CAP).
“We’re so pleased to take part in this great event and to provide important patient education,” said Michael Prystowsky, MD, PhD, Chairman of the Department of Pathology at Einstein and Montefiore, who led the team, which included Mark Suhrland, MD, professor of pathology and attending cytopathologist, and chief pathology resident Olena Dorokhova, MD.
Patient education was available to all participants, regardless of age.
Seated at one end of the dual-headed microscope that was setup outside the waiting area, Dr. Dorokhova provided patients and their families a birds-eye view of Pap test result samples, explaining the difference between healthy and abnormal cells.
“It’s so interesting to see what’s going on inside,” said Susan Mohan, 48, a Bedford Park, Bronx resident who works in catering and is uninsured.
Seeing the results of a Pap and understanding the test allows the patients to become more involved in their health care - and are more likely to return to a clinic.
“It becomes a real thing for them,” said Dr. Suhrland, who ferried the samples over to the cytology laboratory at Moses for same-day turnaround.
Through See Test & Treat, a growing number of underserved women are gaining culturally sensitive access to free preventative care, with results and follow-up consults delivered the same day. The patient-centered, coordinated approach helps ensure that underserved women gain the early detection advantage and life-saving services that pathologists provide.
“Our real goal is to get people enrolled in the hospital or clinic so they’re not leaving their care until they’re really sick and have to go to the ER. That’s an unproductive way to deliver healthcare,” said Marion Malone, executive director of CAP Foundation.
She said, “We are focused on the prevention.”
|
<urn:uuid:703f74cd-45f1-4f0e-b0b5-56be8303205f>
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CC-MAIN-2016-44
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http://www.einstein.yu.edu/Departments/Pathology/news-event-details.aspx?id=82
|
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|
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COVID-19 pandemic brought remote working models to our lives permanently. Today, most businesses shift workloads to the cloud and onboard more remote employees to their organizations. This drastic change in working environments makes legacy technologies and traditional security approaches inefficient, and remote work possesses severe security risks to organizations.
In these decentralized working environments, trusting employees blindly is extremely risky. So, modern-day businesses need to adopt Zero Trust in their cybersecurity posture. Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA) is based on the principle “never trust, verify all”, and this modern approach to network security is cloud-native, scalable, and sustainable for modern remote businesses. A great way to control employees and staff working remotely is a Windows VPS Server.
By implementing Zero Trust, organizations can remove the implicit trust given to employees, and control access privileges of users so that they can reach only necessary resources to do their jobs effectively. In a Zero Trust work environment, all employees have to authenticate their identities before reaching corporate resources. By all means, Zero Trust solutions have many benefits for businesses. But before explaining the core capabilities of Zero Trust further, let’s see in detail why remote businesses need Zero Trust.
Why Do Remote Businesses Need Zero Trust?
As of 2022, cybercrimes continue to increase drastically, and by 2025, global cybercrime damages are forecasted to reach 10.5 trillion dollars annually. Every day, cybercriminals use very sophisticated techniques and enhanced malware that can create holes in organizations’ cybersecurity postures, and cause data breaches. In today’s world, out-of-date security measures and legacy technologies can’t ensure the overall security of businesses.
Since remote work has become a new normal for many of us, inner risks associated with an organization’s employees have been growing exponentially. Although most organizations want to trust their employees fully, giving unlimited access, and trusting employees blindly aren’t acceptable anymore.
Additionally, regardless of business size, all organizations are obligated to safeguard confidential data as compliance regulations and laws require so. When companies don’t adhere to these regulations and standards, they most likely face severe compliance fines, and penalties when a data breach occurs.
To combat modern threats, and meet compliance standards, Zero Trust solutions are required for your cyber security posture. Zero Trust provides enhanced network security and the best identity access management tools. By implementing Zero Trust, businesses can create a more secure remote working environment for everyone and mitigate the security risks.
If Zero Trust sounds like a good solution for your business. Check out NordLayer
(https://nordlayer.com/zero-trust-security/) Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA) provider to secure your company, partners, and remote employees.
Core Capabilities Of Zero Trust
Zero Trust solutions have a number of capabilities that can secure your corporate networks, cloud-based resources, sensitive data, employees’ identities, and devices. Additionally, Zero Trust can be easily integrated into businesses existing systems and infrastructures. Let’s explain the core capabilities of Zero Trust further.
1- Securing Identities and Devices
Zero Trust solutions ensure that only authorized users can access the corporate networks. It assumes that every user, device, and application is compromised, and never grants access before authentication. Zero Trust uses multi-factor authentication, single sign-on, and biometrics to verify users. Additionally, Zero Trust uses Jailbroken device detection tools to ensure all devices are secure. In short, when a device is compromised Zero Trust alarms admins.
2- Mitigating Security Risks
Zero Trust segments the corporate networks and separates the segments that contain confidential data from everyone’s reach. Network segmentation creates multiple checkpoints for users. Additionally, it prohibits any lateral movement in the networks. In short, it reduces the surface areas of potential attacks as attackers won’t be able to roam or laterally move in the network. Even if a cyber attack occurs, Zero Trust won’t allow cybercriminals to access other segments of your network so they can’t cause further damage.
3- Enabling Wider Visibility and Control Across Enterprise
Zero Trust enables wider visibility and control across enterprises. It monitors and analyzes users’ behaviors and activities. Additionally, IT admins can control the complete systems from a single place and see who is accessing which data. Meanwhile, behavior monitoring tools constantly analyze users’ behaviors and when it detects unsuspicious behavior or activity, it alarms IT admins immediately.
Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA) is a modern approach to network security. In a Zero Trust working environment, everyone has to verify their identities first, and they can only reach the necessary resources that are crucial for their job roles. In so many ways, Zero Trust solutions can help businesses create a more secure working environment for everyone.
|
<urn:uuid:aa7867af-a803-4fa3-81ec-4475cfa3074d>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://digitalglobaltimes.com/remote-businesses-need-to-adapt-to-zero-trust-environment/
|
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|
en
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|
Keighley schoolchildren had a flipping good time on Shrove Tuesday.
Pupils at Merlin Top Primary School learned all about pancakes on the special occasion.
Older children at the Braith-waite school were able to measure ingredients before tossing the pancakes. Younger children in the reception class were able to learn about the various ingredients and mix them.
Teacher, Louisa Hinitt, said the year five class explored the traditional celebration.
She said: “We were talking about its links to Christianity, about Lent and how Pancake Day originated.”
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NEW DELHI (TIP): The Modi blitzkrieg May 16 destroyed the BSP, leaving Mayawati, who once harboured hopes of becoming India’s first Dalit prime minister, without a single Lok Sabha seat in Uttar Pradesh. In a verdict that sent the BSP in mourning, not one of its candidates could claim victory despite hectic campaigning by Mayawati and two of her trusted lieutenants: Naseemuddin Siddiqui and Satish Chandra Mishra.
The Bahujan Samaj Party won 20 Lok Sabha seats in 2009. But Election Commission data showed that the BSP had finished second in 33 of the 80 constituencies in the sprawling state. Having lost the 2012 assembly polls to arch rival Samajwadi party, the BSP was widely expected to bounce back in the Lok Sabha battle, largely owing to strong anti-incumbency against the Akhilesh Yadav government.
The results, party leaders admitted, were most unexpected. “This is a body blow to us. We need to sit and do a post-mortem,” a senior outgoing BSP MP who lost told IANS. But the writing was on the wall, and Mayawati had apparently read it in time. And the not-so-media savvy Mayawati addressed a flurry of pressers during the last 10 days of campaign, trying to make course corrections vis-a-vis the caste matrix and her captive Dalit vote bank.
Aware that Dalits were being poached by BJP’s prime ministerial candidate Narendra Modi, Mayawati was jittery after the fourth phase when her feedback was that Dalits were flocking to Modi. Her second major constituency, Muslims, also failed to come to her rescue. The BSP fared badly in the 2012 assembly polls largely because Muslims deserted her.
The same was repeated in the Lok Sabha ballot as many Muslim voters felt that the BSP could join hands with the BJP later. The BSP fielded 17 Dalit candidates, 15 Other Backward Class candidates, 19 Muslims, 21 Brahmins and eight Thakurs. But her rainbow coalition that clicked in the 2007 assembly election did not find enough takers this time. The BSP took a serious drubbing in western Uttar Pradesh and Poorvanchal belt which have been traditionally with the party.
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As client station radios move away from an access point, they will shift down to lower bandwidth capabilities using a process known as dynamic rate switching (DRS). Access points can support multiple data rates depending on the spread spectrum technology used by the AP’s radio card.
For example, an 802.11b radio supports data rates of 11, 5.5, 2, and 1 Mbps. Data rate transmissions between the access point and the client stations will shift down or up depending on the quality of the signal between the two radio cards, as pictured in Figure below.
There is a correlation between signal quality and distance from the AP. As a result, transmissions between two 802.11b radio cards may be at 11 Mbps at 30 feet but 2 Mbps at 150 feet.
Dynamic rate switching (DRS) is also referred to as dynamic rate shifting, adaptive rate selection, and automatic rate selection. All these terms refer to a method of speed fallback on a wireless LAN client as signal quality from the access point The objective of DRS is upshifting and downshifting for rate optimization and improved performance.
Effectively, the lower date rates will have larger concentric zones of coverage than the higher data rates, as pictured in Figure below.
The algorithms used for dynamic rate switching are proprietary and are defined by radio card manufacturers. Most vendors base DRS on receive signal strength indicator (RSSI) thresholds, packet error rate, and retransmissions. nd retransmissions.
RSSI metrics are usually based on signal strength and signal quality. In other words, a station might shift up or down between data rates based on both received signal strength in dBm and possibly on a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) value.
Because vendors implement DRS differently, you may have two different vendor client cards at the same location while one is communicating at 5.5 Mbps and the other is communicating at 1 Mbps.
For example, one vendor might shift down from data rate 11 Mbps to 5 Mbps at –70 dBm while another vendor might shift between the same two rates at –75 dBm. Keep in mind that DRS works with all 802.11 PHYs.
For example, the same shifting of rates will also occur with ERPOFDM radios shifting between 54, 48, 36, 24, 18, 12, 9, and 6 Mbps data rates. As a result, there is a correlation between signal quality and distance from the AP.
It is often a recommend practice to turn off the two lowest data rates of 1 and 2 Mbps when designing an 802.11b/g network. The two reasons that a WLAN network administrator might want to consider disabling the two lowest rates on an 802.11b/g access point are medium contention and the hidden nIn Figure below, you will see that there are multiple client stations in the 1 Mbps zone and only one lone client in the 11 Mbps zone. Remember that wireless is a half-duplex medium and only one radio card can transmit on the medium at a time.
By forcing the higher data rates, it is easier to force more distributed capacity over the access points. This is not typically necessary when planning solely for coverage. solely for coverage.
All radio cards access the medium in a pseudo-random fashion as defined by CSMA/CA. A radio transmitting a 1,500-byte data frame at 11 Mbps might occupy the medium for 100 microseconds.
Another radio transmitting at 1 Mbps per second will take 1,100 microseconds to deliver that same 1,500 bytes. Radio cards transmitting at slower data rates will occupy the medium much longer, while faster radios have to wait.
If multiple radio cards get on the outer cell edges and transmit at slower rates consistently, the perceived throughput for the cards transmitting at higher rates is much slower due to waiting for slower transmissions to finish.
For this reason, too many radios on outer 1 and 2 Mbps cells can adversely affect throughput. Another reason to consider turning off the lower data rates is the hidden node problem.
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Microsoft has reached a $30 million settlement of antitrust claims against the US company from local South Korean Internet portal operator Daum Communications.
The deal won't necessarily end an investigation into Microsoft by Korea's Fair Trade Commission (KFTC) that began in April 2004.
"It is significant that we have reached this settlement with Microsoft on terms that we believe are favorable to Daum, and to be able to work together with Microsoft to build a new business partnership," said Daum vice CEO Kim Hyun-Young.
"This agreement marks not only the end of our legal dispute, but more importantly, the beginning of a closer working relationship between our companies," said Tom Burt, corporate vice president and deputy general counsel for Microsoft, in the same statement.
Microsoft's settlement with Daum, a Seoul-based portal operator with 55 million users worldwide, involves a $10 million cash payment, an advertising contract valued at $10 million and a further package of measures valued at $10 million including "marketing and promotional opportunities between the two companies," the two companies said.
However, the actual terms of the third part of the package remain unclear. "What we've agreed is to run some selected online content from Daum on MSN," said Oliver Roll, a Microsoft spokesman in Singapore. "We have no more details at this stage."
Get the message
The dispute dates back to 2001 when Daum filed a complaint with the KFTC over Microsoft's bundling of Windows Messenger with the Windows operating system. Daum operates its own instant messenger platform in South Korea that competes with Microsoft's product. This was followed by the filing of a lawsuit against Microsoft in 2004. Both the suit and the anti-trust complaint are resolved by Friday's deal.
However, the KFTC launched a probe of Microsoft on its own initiative in April, 2004.
After this had begun, RealNetworks filed a complaint with the commission on October 28, 2004, alleging that Microsoft damaged other software producers by bundling audio and video software with Windows. Last month, Microsoft reached an out-of-court settlement with RealNetworks, paying $761 million.
Asked whether anti-trust penalties could still be levied in the case, Lee Hwang, head of the Microsoft Task Force at the KFTC, said "Yes. It is totally up to the commission."
Commission continues questioning
Lee said that although both the Daum and the RealNetworks complaints have been resolved, the KFTC is pursuing two investigations into the bundling of Windows server operating system with Windows Media streaming service and the Windows PC operating system with Windows media player.
He did not specify when a judgment would be reached.
"We are continuing to cooperate with the commissioners," said Roll. "We are expecting a decision in the next few weeks."
Roll added that Microsoft was committed to Korea, "one of the most vibrant markets in Asia."
If the Korean agency rules against Microsoft, the regulator could order it to remove parts of bundled software from Windows. Microsoft has said that if it is ordered to pull Windows Messenger and Media Player from its operating systems, it could be forced to withdraw from South Korea, or limit releases of new software in the country.
However, few analysts expect events to progress that far.
"I think the KFTC will find that Microsoft has violated competition law and will order some very mild corrective measure; that would be the face-saving solution," said Brendon Carr, an attorney with IT experience at Seoul's Aurora Law.
"Microsoft has drawn a line in the sand that there are remedies that cannot be accepted, which include unbundling," he added. "Maybe the remedy will be more bundling. They will not remove their own products, but maybe will add Daum products."
The commission could also fine Microsoft 5 per cent of its annual Korean sales. What those are is unclear, as the company does not release revenue figures from separate markets.
Microsoft faces two anti-monopolistic behaviour lawsuits worldwide: one in the EU, and one in Korea.
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James Carpenter Design Associates opened their studio doors to Cooper-Hewitt Members on October 6. Members were captivated by the ‘show and tell’ of prismatic effects of transmitted and reflected light. JCDA seeks to bring light into our lives in a way we recognize, translating its abundance or rareness, and always its richness. Masters of animating space with light, JCDA has heightened important environments such as the entrance to the 2000 Sydney Olympic Park in Australia; transformed the public experience of buildings such as 7 World Trade Center, Hearst Tower, and Columbus Center in Manhattan; and entirely redefined the recently completed expansion of the Israel Museum, Jerusalem – a project on which JCDA was the lead designer.
James Carpenter Design Associates was featured in Cooper-Hewitt’s Design Life Now: National Design Triennial 2006 and 2002 National Design Award Winner for Environment Design. Read more about JCDA’s architectural adventures in the recent NYT article.
Images: 7 World Trade Center, Hearst Building ©Andreas Keller
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Romania: Market liberalization will raise the gas price, SEE Energy News
The gas price for households in Romania will increase by an average of 5 percent per year until 2018th. The growth will be based on the liberalization of regulated gas market, agreed with the International Monetary Fund IMF.
According to Government sources, the first price adjustment will start from July 1st, when the gas price for households will rise by about 6 percent, according Economica.net.
“The gas price will increase by 1.3 EUR per megawatt each year until 2018th. We managed to convince IMF to stop at a price of 17.5 EUR per megawatt, instead of 20.2 EUR, as initially announced”, sources say.
The gas price will increase to 17.5 EUR per megawatt in 2018th, when the increase in prices will stop. The Government will then conduct analysis, and if the gas price continues to be below the market one, the price growth will continue, but at a slower pace until 2021st.
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View of the first Presbyterian Church, Port Chalmers. Taken between October 1852 when first opened, and 1871 when replaced by the second church which was opened in 1872, on the same site in Mount Street, Port Chalmers., Between 1852 and 1871
Reference Number: 1/4-012552-G
View of the first, wooden, Presbyterian church in Mount Street, Port Chalmers, taken between October 1852 when opened, and 1871, when building began for the second stone church, opening in 1872. Photographer unidentified.
1 image, related to Mount Street, Port Chalmers and Presbyterian church buildings - New Zealand - Otago Region.
De Maus, David Alexander, 1847-1925 :Shipping negatives, Reference Number PA-Group-00198 (301 digitised items)
Extent: 1 b&w original negative(s)Dry plate glass negative 4.25 x 3.25 inches. Horizontal imageSingle negative
Conditions governing access to original: Partial restriction - Negatives are not available for viewing. Surrogate copies will be provided.
Citation: Any publication must be accompanied by the credit "De Maus Collection, Alexander Turnbull Library".
Other copies available: File print available in Turnbull Library Pictures81. Waikouaiti Co. Port Chalmers. Churches. ca 1860s(PFP-023078)
Usage: You can search, browse, print and download items from this website for research and personal study. You are welcome to reproduce the above image(s) on your blog or another website, but please maintain the integrity of the image (i.e. don't crop, recolour or overprint it), reproduce the image's caption information and link back to here (http://mp.natlib.govt.nz/detail/?id=30983). If you would like to use the above image(s) in a different way (e.g. in a print publication), or use the transcription or translation, permission must be obtained. More information about copyright and usage can be found on the Copyright and Usage page of the NLNZ web site.
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The issue of rape and sexual assault has never been more pressing and more discussed than the past few years. With increasing research about the college campus rape epidemic in the US, documentaries like ‘The Hunting Ground’ and ‘Invisible War’ showing just how grossly under-reported and misunderstood this issue is, and high profile cases including that of Bill Cosby who has been accused of the aforementioned crimes by numerous women, as well as police office Daniel Holtzclaw who was sentenced to 263 years for raping and sexually abusing at least 13 black women, we cannot ignore the gaping holes in society and our justice system.
And let’s not forget, sexual assault and rape are crimes, punishable by law, but places where the system breaks down (including the statute of limitations, for instance) need a massive overhaul if we are ever going to be a country that adequately tackles this issue in the right way.
One young woman’s brave, persistent efforts could potentially change a crucial element in the ongoing fight to bring better justice and clarity to the way rape and sexual assault is handled by law enforcement and the courts. Amanda Nguyen, 24, is a White House liaison for the State Department and the founder of the non-profit organization Rise, a nonprofit devoted to drafting more comprehensive legislation for the rights of sexual-assault survivors.
Together with the help of a few US Senators, Amanda has helped pioneer and draft a law that could allow victims and survivors to hold more power over the outcome of their case than they do now. The Sexual Assault Survivors’ Rights Act, which was recently presented in the Senate by Sen. Jeanne Shaheen, D-N.H.; Sen. Richard Blumenthal, D-Conn.; and Sen. Patrick Leahy, D-Vt., and also championed by U.S. Rep. Ann Wagner, R-Mo., and Rep. Debbie Wasserman Schultz, D-Fla, came about after Amanda suffered from an attack herself.
Two years ago, Amanda was raped and completed a rape kit in the state of Massachusetts. The state’s law outlines 15 years for a victim to pursue legal action. But while she was at the hospital, Amanda was given a pamphlet with a bit more detail info which stated she had to file an extension request to keep the rape kit intact, otherwise the the state would destroy it in six months. To make things even more confusing, there was no info given to Amanda as to how to even file this extension.
Amanda has had to file the extension multiple times and each time, it is still confusing because the rape kit is in different hands. During one of the requests, she was told the kit was most likely still in police custody, but then she found out the kit was actually at a lab. This lab would not confirm via email that it even had the kit, and Amanda was forced to fly to Massachusetts to retrieve a printed out physical letter. Geez!
“The system essentially makes me live my life by date of rape,” she told the Guardian.
Throughout this constant ordeal, it made Amanda wonder whether this was the system that a rape victim would have to endure in other states, so she set about finding out. Among 20 laws she came across, the results varied by state.
“Kansas and Utah give minimal rights to people who have been sexually assaulted. Utah’s government will pay to rest a rape kit, and Kansas won’t force victims to take polygraph tests. California and the District of Columbia have strong laws surrounding access to sexual assault counselors, but neither gives victims the right to a copy of their police report. California is the only state in the country to guarantee access to the results of a rape kit, which can include whether the person was drugged.
Amanda also found there is no state that is required to keep a rape kit until the statute of limitations expire. When you add this to the fact that a study as recent as 2015 shows at least 70,000 rape kits at police departments across the country have gone untested, it’s clear this is not just some arbitrary detail in fixing a broken system.
Because of her own experience ensuring her rape kit wasn’t destroyed and research regarding state laws, Amanda sprung into action and began looking into drafting a law that would create new rights for people who had been raped or sexually assaulted. The law would implement a tracking system for rape kits and ensure law enforcement contact a victim 60 days before destroying it. It would also guarantee results of forensic examinations, copies of police reports, and more extensive counseling resources for survivors.
“I realized that I could either accept this injustice or try to rewrite the law, and one of these options was a lot better than the other,” Amanda told TakePart in a separate interview.
At first the law was introduced in Massachusetts, and now Amanda, together with Rise, are helping lawmakers in California and New York draft similar bills.
Some say this law has the potential to restore faith in the justice system for assault victims.
“More and more we hear stories, like the one that gave rise to this legislation, where evidence isn’t available when a survivor finally comes to a place in the healing process and their own personal journey where they’re ready to engage with the system,” said Rebecca O’Connor, vice president of public policy for RAINN, which worked closely with Rise on the legislation.
“We want to ensure that their bravery in coming forward and submitting their body as a crime scene for, quite frankly, a not pleasant, hours-long exam isn’t for naught,” she added.
In an interview with Elle Magazine, Amanda explained that for the most part, sexual assault and rape is a state crime. But the long term hope is that if this gets introduced at a federal level, it will enable states to draft similar legislation.
“When the Crime Victims’ Rights Act was passed in 2004, there was a catalyst for action at the state level. Quickly, after CVRA was passed, states adopted it. And today, all 50 states have crime victim protections in place. This is the model that we’re trying to build off of. We’re creating a set of rights at the federal level for all states to consider and hopefully adopt in some form in the near future,” she said.
Although it sounds very optimistic, Amanda does admit it was hard getting politicians to care because many of them have a number of things they are balancing at one point. But she also points out how important it is for constituents to contact their lawmakers as you never know what might happen.
“Within two months, we researched and drafted and introduced our legislation in the Massachusetts State House. Within four months, other states asked us for the bill because there was so much interest and momentum for it. And within five months, we found ourselves in the halls of the United States Congress. This is truly an example of grassroots democracy,” she said.
The power of taking a painful situation that often goes unreported, and where many victims are forced into silence simply because of the lack of action on the behalf of law enforcement, is a testament to Amanda’s persistent. The Sexual Assault Survivors Rights Act could be the catalyst in giving thousands of victims around the country a chance at getting the justice they deserve.
“Too many survivors feel like the entire system has failed them. We need a basic set of rights for people who are sexually assaulted,” said Senator Jeanne Shaheen.
“The fact that she’s been able to build so much support, that we’ve got a bill that’s being introduced, that we’ve got a real shot at getting through, speaks to her incredible abilities,” she told the Guardian about Amanda’s work getting this bill drafted.
In a bid to raise more awareness about the need to introduce laws like this in every state, as well as educate everyone on a broken system than many may not realize exists until they have to go through it themselves, Amanda worked with comedy website Funny Or Die to create a sketch about the problem. The ‘Even Supervillains Think Our Sexual Assault Laws Are Insane’ which hopefully mobilize people to action. Watch below:
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What sophomore Jonathan Cobrda saw more of than he wanted to on a trip to the “most magical place on Earth” was the bathroom, and that was when he was lucky. “There were long lines for the bathroom at Disney, and sometimes I couldn’t wait,” said Cobrda, who was 12 years old at the time. “Thank God for Splash Mountain!”
Such is the part-drama, part-comedy the musical theatre major from Greensboro uses to describe one of the symptoms that led to the diagnosis that he had type 1 diabetes – a story he has developed into a one-man show about living with the disorder. In “Sweet ‘N Low: The True Story of One Diabetic’s Journey to Keep Spirits High and Sugars Low,” which Cobrda will perform Sunday, Jan. 30, at WCU, he shares details of his experience – from the extremely funny to the nitty-gritty – while informing his audience about diabetes.
“It is not my story,” said Cobrda about the show that he developed in high school that has become the linchpin of a yearlong, interdisciplinary learning initiative centered on health and wellness at WCU. “It is everyone’s story that has ever had complications with diabetes or their health.”
More than 3 million people are living with type 1 diabetes, a disorder in which the body has trouble regulating blood sugar levels and that can result in serious – even deadly – damage to a person’s organs, according to the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation. As a result, living with diabetes can require multiple daily blood tests and carefully balancing food and exercise. Untreated diabetes in the early stages can cause extreme thirst, frequent urination, drowsiness, vision changes, fruity or sweet breath and unconsciousness.
For Cobrda, the diagnosis came shortly after that trip to Disney, when his mother, who has type 2 diabetes, became concerned about his symptoms. When she tested his glucose level, she saw two letters: HI. The reading indicated his blood glucose level was over 500 milligrams of glucose per deciliter of blood – far above the normal 70 to 120 range listed by the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation.
Cobrda said he felt like a victim of his own body, that having diabetes was his new identity and that he was just another number – one of the millions who have diabetes. Writing his story down and turning it into a performance with the help of a playwright and teachers in high school helped Cobrda combine his identities, he said. It means a lot to him that in “Sweet ‘N Low” he can connect his life of health to his life as an individual and a performer, he said.
He has performed the show across North Carolina as part of a campaign to raise support for and awareness of the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation, and he continues to tweak and change the show. Sunday’s performance, sponsored by the Office of the Provost and the Office for Undergraduate Studies, will serve as an interdisciplinary learning event associated with a yearlong initiative of WCU’s Quality Enhancement Plan titled “Sweet ‘N Low: A Journey to Living Well.”
As part of the initiative, faculty and staff from a range of disciplines have hosted and continue to host discussions and educational activities on campus about health and wellness from a range of perspectives. Interdisciplinary activities include, for instance, first-year students in an integral arts seminar exploring advocacy through the arts just as Cobrda advocates for diabetes awareness and support through his show. (Proceeds from Sunday’s performance benefit the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation.) “The fact that Jonathan has taken a life experience and turned it into this project is a perfect example of art reflecting life and life informing art,” said D.V. Caitlyn, assistant professor of theatre.
Meanwhile, graduate students are engaging in research and hosting a public policy forum on health care. Nutrition students are designing and conducting community-based research and working with educational psychology students on an outreach effort to explore public school curriculum in relationship to promoting healthy life choices. Broadcast students are learning about effective video communication while recording Cobrda. Students in a first-year seminar completed a creative writing project as part of the initiative, and a public policy forum is being planned for February.
A number of the health and wellness scholarship activities linked to the initiative will be shared Sunday at a scholarship fair at the Fine and Performing Arts Center that begins an hour before Cobrda’s performance, and that is part of what Gabby Robinson, a freshmen chemistry major with a concentration in pre-medicine from Charlotte, said she is especially looking forward to seeing. Robinson has been heavily involved with promoting the Sweet ‘N Low learning initiative on campus, gathering materials for and helping prepare brochures and a website, in addition to creating a commercial for the event.
“There were many things that inspired me with this project – Jonathan’s story, how the play was created and the information the production has shared about type 1 diabetes,” said Robinson, who serves as a member of the First Year Experience student council. “I also am looking forward to the scholarship fair to see all of the different projects that other have worked on.”
Peter Savage, an assistant professor of theatre and member of the steering committee guiding the Sweet ‘N Low initiative on campus, said Sunday’s show will appeal to a broad audience, and he encouraged all members of the WCU community to attend. “Those who have diabetes or have been affected by diabetes will no doubt find a strong connection to the piece,” said Savage. “But those who have not been personally affected by the disease, like myself, will not only learn a great deal but will also be moved by the struggle and perseverance of Jon’s story.”
Jonathan Cobrda will perform his one-man dramedy “Sweet ‘N Low: The True Story of One Diabetic’s Journey to Keep Spirits High and Sugars Low,” at 3 p.m. Sunday, Jan. 30, in the WCU Fine and Performing Arts Center. Admission to the show is $5. A reception and scholarship fair featuring health and wellness projects at WCU will be held before the show at 2 p.m. in the FAPAC lobby. For more information, call the FAPAC box office at 828-227-2479.
By WCU student Claire Karriker
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2016 is about to end as we approach December 31st and this year will be remembered for a lot of things. A lot happened this year on both domestic and global scale. India witnessed the biggest financial coup as demonetization and America witnessed the most chaotic election in their history. Good or bad, 2016 was different for everyone. However, it was pretty adverse in the world of computer security.
It’s long depressing, breach-filled year in computer security.
Yahoo went haywire
2016 hasn’t been a ‘good’ year for Yahoo. In September Yahoo shocked the world when it revealed that at least 500 million user accounts have been compromised. At the time the breach was considered to be the largest personal data theft from a major technology company ever. Yahoo later disclosed that the hack itself had happened in 2014 but only came into light in 2016, which made the matters worse considering the fact that the hackers had access to all those account for two long years.
If you think it is bad then wait- it gets worse. The news turned out to be warm-up as Yahoo again disclosed that over 1 billion of its accounts were hacked back in August 2013 . To make things more disturbing, according to Yahoo’s chief information security officer Bob Lord, the company hasn’t been able to identify the intrusion associated with theft.
US Elections, Trump and Russia
Multiple reports have emerged about Russian hackers breaching and hacking various US systems during the chaotic US elections. Both democrats and congress have accused each other of hiring the said hackers to affect election results. A wide uproar was observed by Americans on the reports of Russian Government’s involvement in the said hacking. The Russian Government was accused of aiding and even initiating the said hacks. President-elect Trump has also suffered multiple hacks on his hotel chain.
The social blogging site famous for its eccentric user-base and quirky posts announced in May that it has been breached but refused to divulge more. After investigative journalists looked into it, more than 65 million accounts were compromised in the said breach. Tumblr is owned by Yahoo which already showcased its terrible security systems.
The Last Nail in MySpace’s Coffin
The world’s biggest social networking site before Facebook conquered the market, MySpace was hacked early in the year. The massive hack resulted in 427 million accounts being stolen. What’s worse is the fact that hacker offered to sell the account information on the Dark Web. The site owned by Time Inc. had only 50 million visitors per month at the time of breach. A significant drop from its prime days.
On October 21st The Domain Name System (DNS) provider Dyn was targeted by major DDoS (distributed denial of services) attacks by a huge botnet. Millions of users during the DDoS attack were unable to access major sites such as Twitter, GitHub, and Netflix went up and down throughout the day. With an estimated load of 1.2 terabits per second, according to the experts the attack is the largest DDoS on record.
Several days later it was learned that the botnet that targeted Dyn consisted of 100,000 household devices (eg. webcams and DVRs) infected with the Mirai malware.
NSA Hacking Tools stolen
In August an anonymous hacker group called Shadow Brokers infiltrated Equation Group and obtained their hacking tools. The said Equation Group is linked to the infamous NSA which is known for massive invasion of user privacy around the globe. The said hacking tools are capable of infecting device firmware via a malware and the malware is capable of remaining in the system even after a complete system refresh and is dubbed impossible to remove.
SWIFT Hack in Bangladesh!
What started as a single attack malware attack against Bangladesh’s Central Bank resulting in huge $81 million dollar ended up rattling up to a dozen banks. The hack targeted SWIFT (Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunications) transaction software. The attacker used custom malware that exploited SWIFT Software. In July SWIFT was seeking help from outside security professional to deal with widening hacking epidemic.
No matter how bad you consider your 2016 was, it cannot be worse than the companies on this list. For your own safety please ensure that you are using a good antivirus engine and anti-malware program, keep them updated and be careful when browsing the internet. Have a safe 2017!
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What is it about?
Amidst Corona Virus there were several challenges and changes in clinical trials. This paper highlighted the challenges seen across world.
Photo by Louis Reed on Unsplash
Why is it important?
Due to COVID it is not possible to follow study protocol due to lockdown or restricted entry.
Read the Original
This page is a summary of: COVID-19 and Clinical Trials: Current Challenges and Future Directions, Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials, July 2021, Bentham Science Publishers, DOI: 10.2174/1574887116666210122160705.
You can read the full text:
The following have contributed to this page
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A few words about corporal punishment before I get into something new on the subject. Bear with me. I promise, love it or hate it, I won’t bore you.
There’s been a lot of talk again lately, prompted by the Adrian Peterson story and it’s all good stuff, pretty encouraging. Here’s a great article, even if it does reference the racist aspect of the current spate of outrage:
That article breaks it down racially, which doesn’t interest me much, but it references one study that says that between 73% and 89% of most Americans (not all races are represented) stated that they spanked their children. These number aren’t changing very much. I think the big studies from decades ago give pretty much the same numbers. Corporal punishment of children is not going away, despite that the science is in, despite that we have known of the damage for years. Here’s what is probably the definitive metastudy regarding the damages of corporal punishment, from Elizabeth Gershoff:
Don’t follow that link if you’re already on board, if you already oppose corporal punishment. That information is good, but it’s old, and more to the point – it’s not helping as much as we might have hoped. Everything in it about the damage is good and correct, but here’s the issue, found in the first two points in the “Recommendations” section:
“1. That parents, caregivers, and all school personnel in the United States make every effort to avoid using physical punishment and to rely instead on nonviolent disciplinary methods to promote children’s appropriate behavior.
- That all public and private schools and institutions that care for children in the United States (including foster care agencies and group homes) cease using physical punishment and rely instead on nonphysical disciplinary methods to promote children’s appropriate behavior.”
(Gershoff, E. T. (2008). Report on Physical
Punishment in the United States:
What Research Tells Us About Its Effects on Children.
Columbus, OH: Center for Effective Discipline.)
The problem lies in these two terms: “nonviolent disciplinary methods” and “nonphysical disciplinary methods.” This is the trap that all the brilliant and well-meaning educators and parenting gurus have set for us. This is the myth, that there exists any such thing, or more to the point, that there can be any such thing or any such thing that actually works. I don’t deny that there can be instances of nonphysical discipline; we’ve all seen them. You don’t have to punish a child every time you want the child to do something. (That sounds like I’m advocating for punishment, but I’m not. I’ll explain before this is done.)
I deny that a program of punishment, a lifestyle of punishment, can exist without physical means.
I deny that a child willingly takes a punishment, I deny that a child willingly self-punishes. A child who takes his or her timeout, or early bed, or the loss of a toy, loss of screen time in stride, with only a word from the adults has learned his or her physical lessons previously. (This is the part you’ll hate. Don’t say I didn’t warn you.) When a child volunteers for discipline, most often that child knows it’s his or her best option; that child knows that compliance isn’t really optional, and that things will very likely escalate if the child resists. Remember what old-school discipline is. The old parenting books, before Doctor Spock, the religious child-rearing books, they had people swatting their babies, for the very reason that they were babies and babies can’t be talked to, they lack language. In that world, children know what happens when they resist by the time they can talk. Those families were able to demonstrate “nonphysical disciplinary methods” too, but their verbal control of their children was very much based in physical punishment.
Allow me to try to impress on you that all punishment is physical with a few rhetorical questions:
How do we non-physically place a two year old in timeout?
How do we non-physically stop a grounded teen from walking out the door?
So before I lose track, here is my point: punishment is inherently “corporal.” We are corporeal beings after all. I’m not OK with corporal punishment, that’s not what I’m saying when I say all punishment is physical, or based in the physical, impossible without a physical basis. When I say all punishment is corporal, what I’m saying is to end corporal punishment, we must . . . wait for it . . .
we must end punishment of children, all punishment of children – I mean if we want to end corporal punishment. Because these “nonphysical disciplinary methods” are a mirage, a weird dream.
I know that’s a big ask, not an easy answer. I know you see discipline as, uh . . . not optional. It is, though. It really is. It has to be, because the damages of corporal punishment are never-ending, and there really is no other kind. Not only that, but even if there were some kind of nonphysical disciplinary methods, even if it were possible to discipline without physically forcing it – again, there are instances of it, but there cannot be a program of it – even then, much of the damage isn’t the physical kind anyway.
Many of the well documented damages are non-physical. They are in fact, overwhelmingly emotional, psychological, and cognitive in nature. I know nobody really thinks the lion’s share of the damage wrought by corporal punishment is the physical damage, but to reason it along just a single further step, it is logical to acknowledge that physical damages are the only kind that require physical causes. It is the other aspects of discipline that bring on the other sorts of damage, again, namely, emotional, psychological, and cognitive damage.
So there you have it. Two arguments explaining why corporal punishment isn’t the problem, two arguments why punishment, period, is the problem. Love it or hate it, I beg you, just remember it. Of course, spread the word, re-tweet this, re-post. Spread the word. Try this idea on, look at these issues this way for a time, a day, a week, a month . . . you’ll see. These issues can make sense, when viewed this way, it doesn’t have to be an emotional, personal choice sort of thing. It’s not religion. It’s real-world stuff. It’s right in front of us.
My wife and I have raised two daughters without the use of any sort of punishing whatsoever. Our girls are still in school, one is a senior in high school and the other is in university, after two years of college. It’s not a controlled double-blind study, but we’ve proved it’s possible, and it’s looking pretty good at this point.
Thanks for reading. Really.
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A Few Hours in a Far-Off Age
a Few Hours
Mrs. H. A. DUGDALE.
MR. JUSTICE HIGINBOTHAM
(Judge of the Supreme Court in the Colony of Victoria)
I VERY GRATEFULLY DEDICATE THIS LITTLE BOOK;
IN EARNEST ADMIRATION FOR THE BRAVE ATTACKS MADE
BY THAT GENTLEMAN UPON WHAT HAS BEEN,
DURING ALL KNOWN AGE,
THE GREATEST OBSTACLE TO HUMAN ADVANCEMENT;
THE MOST IRRATIONAL,
FIERCEST AND MOST POWERFUL OF OUR WORLD'S MONSTERS—
THE ONLY DEVIL—MALE IGNORANCE.
H. A. DUGDALE.
If you are under eighteen years old, close this book. It would not interest you.
To those past that age I say: Whatever are your opinions, read it through without shock or start. Then judge calmly and conscientiously my comments on the truths so mysteriously taught me. You will see—provided you have a grain of common sense—that I attack principles, not individuals. I have no desire to hurt quadruped or biped; not even those who have injured me past world-healing.
If you possess any—the smallest amount—of real reverence, you will understand the deeply reverent feeling with which all herein is written.
H. A. Dugdale.
A FEW HOURS IN A FAR-OFF AGE.
—Progress of Culture, RALPH WALDO EMERSON.
—Conduct of Life, RALPH WALDO EMERSON.
I STAND in the doorway of an immense building, which appears to be devoted to the display of antiquities. Many people are entering, although the morning is young. A magnificent scene is before me.
At last I see a city in which are combined grandeur, cleanliness, order and picturesque loveliness. Between this one and those of the nineteenth century exists a difference as great, if not greater, than between the latter and the loathsome lairs of our cannibal progenitors reeking with refuse of human remains. My mind power has so widened that I know more than can be here told.
The buildings are truly grand works of art. All stand on noble columns of great size and strength. I cannot recognize what we call "streets." All structures are in clusters, though each house is separate. Very few prominent angles, only sufficient to make the curves more beautiful. Between the clusters are large distances, occupied in their centres by statuary, trees and scented shrubs. Many prettily-designed fountains are throwing their precious jewels into the rays a glorious morning sun. No smoke-disfigured architecture. No stream of poisonous filth, running with ferocious delight on its deathly errand. No besotted-looking creatures offending passers-by with debasing language. No jails. No knots of babbling men standing around entrances to public-houses, vieing with each other for destruction of intelligence. Indeed, such things so pitiable could not be for here are no such houses. No ill-fed, barefooted, unclean children, learning the probationary steps to scoundrelism. No suffering animals, urged by cruelty to overtax their strength. No decrepitude in age. No careworn faces. All are lovely with the light of knowledge—knowledge not in the capabilities of our lower natures, but towards which we are surely tending.
I know these graceful beings are humans—yet how they differ from my own poor self, and all others of our era. They appear luminous with integrity and benevolence. Both sexes are bewitchingly graceful. Women are rather taller than the generality of the present generation, but the men are not such fine animals as those of my century, though far nobler looking.
Their ambition has evidently been to attain efficiency in intellect and benignity in preference to the retention of tiger muscle. Another link to the brute fast disappearing.
My increased comprehension tells me the inner life of these persons is as noble as the expression of their countenances. But this is very many thousands of years hence, as I now plainly perceive by the model of a racehorse placed amongst other models of extinct mammals in the spacious court-yard below where I stand.
Vehicles of different sizes are passing swiftly on the ground and in the air. Some disappear through large openings in upper stories of enormous buildings.
I hear the cheerful hum of busy life, but it seems too minute a sound compared with all that movement. Ah, our vanity in the present renders it extremely difficult to hear the sounds from future ages, or see what is there passing without deeming it illusion. Yet I distinctly feel some of these beings touch my hand and nerve me as they pass into the great hall.
Here are three mounting the stairs. A lady about fifty years of age with her only children—a daughter between eighteen and nineteen, and son perhaps two years younger. It is very fortunate they are unable to see the staring habits of our century, for they are all so beautiful in form and mind I cannot remove my eyes from them. Every trace of wild-beast treachery and cruelty obliterated. Grand creatures are these! Benevolent, courageous and intelligent as only very numerous generations of truth loving ancestors could make them.
No, sceptics, "distance" has not "lent" this enchantment—that is, in the sense you imply—for I am near enough to hear the elder lady say:
"My darlings, this morning we will glance at some of the relics of what was once called the 'Christian Era,' subsequently designated by historians as 'The Age of Blood and Malevolence,' but which is, nevertheless, always of importance in the world's library from its having been the first link in the long unbroken chain of eras of civilization. If time will permit we will take from the twenty-first century to the fifteenth."
Only six centuries in one whole morning! That seems slow work. We go through the relics of ages in an hour or so, and then think ourselves sufficiently informed in their wonderful lessons for the rest of our lives. I cannot help feeling a proud delight that these lovable persons are going to include the present time in their examinations, and shall remain by them to hear their gratifying expressions of astonishment at our remarkable progress.
They have turned into a very long gallery, over the entrance to which is written:
"Christian Era, or Age of Blood to the Twenty-first Century."
They enter an alcove containing four or five seats and desks—easily lowered or raised—writing necessaries and book of reference, concerning only those objects of interest which are placed in front. As far as I can see down the centre of this gallery are similar alcoves ranged back to back. All appear to be occupied by families somewhat resembling the one I have chosen to remain with, and that there is now no vacant room must be notified to new comers by some known signal, for I observe them look at one of the pillars supporting the roof and pass without entering. So there is no more movement to distract the students than is requisite for exchange of alcoves, which is managed with such courtesy and considerative quiet that it causes no interruption. No one speaks more loudly than is necessary for the distance in occupation by her or his party; and us all have musical voices, the combination of these soft, sweet sounds comes to my ears as a new entrancing harmony. Involuntarily my memory recalls the wild-beastly roar of footballers one afternoon when I was unfortunately compelled to walk about half a mile from where they were going through their brutal pastime.
"Though," continues this lady, "you must naturally expect to find the brute still more unpleasantly prominent than you have yet seen."
"More prominent!" echoes the boy. "Then, mother, I think evolution most degrading if it proves that we came from beings lower than those we examined last Sunday and Monday."
"My Frederick, I am not at all surprised at your opinion. Youth in the individual, as youth in a world, cannot judge accurately on subjects where accuracy is all-important. When the world was much younger, and the vanity of unthinking beings was, of course, very strong, most men thought as you do. When you are older you will not give so positive an opinion on any subject without reflection, or judge by the portion only of an argument. You will, more wisely, await the whole."
"Yes, dear and generous-minded mother, you are right, as you always are. I ought not to have spoken so hastily, but I was thinking of that twenty-first century's mode of insulting woman by placing women members of the Senate in a third chamber to debate by themselves."
Smiling, the lady replies: "Oh! my true-hearted chevalier des dames, it is not known whether that arrangement originated in men's comical vanity, or from a wish by the women to secure quiet in their debates, the men being notorious in those days for their silly quarrels and irrelevant chatter. You must endeavour to restrain all impatience, for I have that to tell you concerning your progenitors which to your brave mind will appear cowardly and debasing; but when you shall have learned to dissect these truths with the calm judgment arising from more philosophical thought, you will perceive that all that primitive wrong-doing was entirely from the vanity and prejudice born of ignorance. It would be unjust and unreasonable were I to feel anger or contempt for my loved son because his thought is immature. So with those other children—those still more imperfect beings of a younger world—living under the all-powerful, though by them unseen, law of evolution. Ought we to be indignant with them because they had not the great benevolence which springs only from the knowledge of numerous ages? and because, being nearer the brute, they naturally showed more traces of their origin? Grasp that, and you will not be surprised to learn that the males of these primitive people held their own sex in such veneration that quite young ones—puny in intellect, and without education—were, by act of senate, qualified to elect senators, enter upon the government of the world, and occupy the highest offices to the exclusion of the Infinite Intelligence, where possessed by women. So those poor vain creatures, with much assumption of wisdom, though still very apelike in various ways, made laws affecting woman's liberty, property, and even her children, without consulting her, her happiness, or any higher feeling than their own self-love, comfort and aboriginal greed. In short, the women up to past the nineteenth century were really slaves in all but the name. It is known that men long retained much of brute strength, gained in the still earlier ages by fierce combats for possession of women to toil for them; and they sedulously preserved all they could of that great muscular power, because they imagined it to be a proof of superiority. By use of it they were enabled, during all the low ages, to keep women in a very subjective state, which you will find the more degrading the nearer we descend to the brute period. Little wonder then should we feel that when men commenced forms of religion they framed them with doctrines for continuing the humiliation of women. In all their so-called religious exercises they dinned in her ears old men's tales of how she had been the primary cause of every wrong-doing, for which she had been doomed to suffer cruel punishment, and be subservient to man through all earthly life. Some even went so far in their self-exaltation as to rear woman in the belief that she had no soul—no existence beyond the debasing one allotted to her by those near cousins of apes and tigers. The 'religious' ceremony of marriage in use by the ancestors of our own race was characteristic of the very small place conscientiousness then held in the world's mind. Men trained to the profession of goodness—called 'clergymen' or 'ministers of God'—administered the sacred oaths, knowing they thereby assisted in the perpetration of a crime; for the husband—so the man was named, and meant master—vowed to the Infinite that he would endow his wife—old name for slave—with all his 'worldly goods,' and that he would 'cherish' and 'love' her. Except in very rare cases, the endowment not only ended in nothing, but he annexed everything valuable that belonged to her, under the miserable pretext similar to others they used in all their acts of unjust dealing with women—that woman's brain was inadequate to the care of her own property; and, with the same ape logic they asserted that her strength was insufficient for the various light situations monopolized by man. So she generally performed the menial work, which was very severe in those days of crude appliances and badly constructed dwellings—so severe that she frequently died from the effects—lamed, and hands distorted in her heroic efforts to fulfil duties imposed upon her by the apish cunning of the males. The husband frequently proved his superior intellect by the rapidity with which he squandered his wife's property, and reduced her to hardships she never would have known had his sense or conscientiousness equalled hers. As to the loving and cherishing—alas!"
She is silent. Her kind eyes appear to be looking sadly and compassionately through the mighty past into the aching hearts of my century.
Though anxious to hear more, the young people respect her silence. Now her daughter, who had hitherto been taking notes, looks up. What a countenance! No mirror—whether of quicksilver, canvass or marble—ever in the world's 'early eras'—as they call our time—reflected so real a beauty. Added to the grand look of integrity all faces here possess, hers shows deeper thought than has yet come to her brother; and the expression of loving reverence for that dear mother! Was there ever aught so charming in a daughter?
My readers' share in this pleasure will be small, for I have not power to depict all I see.
After a few minutes' reflection, the mother resumes:"My delight has been to master, as far as is known, all details concerning the development of our species, and our own race especially, from earliest records. For many years it occupied the whole of my study hours; but, even did our time permit, I would not impart the worst that those researches taught me."
"I hope," interrupted Frederick, with tones of increasing interest, "you will tell us more of those brave women and wicked men."
To which she answers, with great nobility of expression in both face and voice:
"You must learn to think of those vain creatures as not wicked."
With a roguish smile, he replies:
"Well then, stupid men! Do let me call them something they merit for their ill-treatment of women."
"Nay, my son, not even stupid, except by unfair comparison with the more evolved minds of our age; many were highly intellectual."
"But," says he, with the air of gaining victory, "they evinced no logic, either in ethics or in natural philosophy—that is, judged by what I have learnt as yet. Ethics, indeed! why our Leoni shows more logic in his ethics! and he would neither crush nor maim us, although he has such great muscular power."
"Bravely argued, dear! But, like most young reasoners, more from sympathy than reason. In the first place, tigers are now more gentle than were men in the age under notice. Our pet would crush no persons, whether he loved them or not. In this he but acts according to his extent of benevolence, as did those apparently cruel men, who were only commencing to emerge from the anti-lucan age. Though intellect was coming to most of them, they were very deficient in the higher qualities of benevolence and conscientiousness. Thus they were neither wicked nor stupid, simply and sadly for all under their rule, very very ignorant—so ignorant that they knew not the wrong they were committing—consequently great truths were obscured from their understanding by their vanity. In ethics they acted as far as their semi-barbarous nature made clear to them. Morality had then a different signification; their conception of it was far from resembling the high feeling it is with us. We must think of those poor creatures as they were constituted—not judge them by our advanced natures. To do so is as illogical as if you were to upbraid kind Leo with stupidity, because he could not solve one of your mathematical problems."
Kissing his mother's hand he acknowledges, in reverential words, her maturer reflections. Receiving his contrition with her habitual, lovable manner, she continues: "However, woman's position greatly changed in the twentieth century. The example was given in a grand part of the world called, America, where first appeared advanced intellect which guided human kind to nobler work than had before been thought of."
Then, turning to her daughter: "My Veritée, you who were so ready with your opinions two years ago have you none now to offer?"
"My silence is not from lessened interest, dear mother. On the contrary, I have been too occupied for speech in studying the reflex of my younger thoughts in those now expressed by Frederick. When you commenced your instruction of myself in evolution, I felt exactly as he feels. That such beings should have been our progenitors was an indignation that lasted long. I used to fervently hope some talented naturalist would discover it had been all a mistake—a futile and unreasonable hope, for at the same time I saw how indisputably real it had been proved to be. So beautifully has the growing intelligence of ages preserved through all the earth's changes traces of our slow but certain development, the gradual alteration in bodily structure and correlativety, that of all appertaining to mind. But it is no longer a disquietude all lesser feelings have resolved into an absorbing wonder—more absorbing still when I miss the intervening time, and compare the low beings, whose ethics and world-government we are now reviewing, with my noble father."
"Modestly-spoken conscientious thoughts! A result I expected when I forebore to press your young judgment at that time on matters so important. Given facts, and honest thought and great truths never fail to reveal themselves before the reflection of an earnest mind. You are right, dear, in calling your loved father noble, for so he is in every thought and act, and likewise all humans of our age, compared with the half savages whose habits and natures we are examining. Understand I say compared, because humankind is still progressing. We must endeavour not to give the future cause to stamp us with conceit, as well as lesser knowledge than it will possess. This was one of the great errors of our ancestors. The bulk of the ancient Australians, for whom we feel such pity, imagined there remained little else to learn. A fallacious idea, which operated powerfully in delaying progress—and that brings me back to the point where your brother interrupted. Of course the laws made by such men as I have endeavoured to describe, not only fully protected themselves, but sanctioned their perjury and wife-plundering! and—this I tell you to caution you against self-laudation—these same men boasted of their religious sentiments and great height in ethics, yet they broke the vows made at their altars with absolute impunity! and such conduct brought to them no loss or disgrace, no lowered status in anything. They boasted, too, of their fine sense of justice as compared with woman's, yet when a wife discovered her husband to be utterly unworthy of her, and left him because she could not live a life of foul hypocrisy, they put her to death at once. As civilization advanced, such a woman was killed more slowly. The husband was permitted to keep her children for any degraded life he chose. He spread evil untruths against her. The husband having thus given permission everyone was at liberty to follow his example, which all cruel persons availed themselves of—knowing they could indulge their disposition to injure without any fear of punishment or without being expected to feel mercy for the poor suffering heart—wearing life away in the pain of sorrow while the husband proudly proclaimed that he was made in the image of his god."
"Oh, the irreverent coward!" exclaims Frederick.
His mother continues in graver tones, yet so thrillingly tender, for she knows well that dear son's heart:—
"That was said of him by some in those very times—but civilization was then only in its infancy. You forget, through your impetuosity, one of the objects of your present study;—how much that to the unthinking wears the appearance of 'irreverence' or other wickedness has proceeded solely from the arrogance of ignorance." Looking very earnestly at him, she adds: "When a danger—and thoughtlessness is a great danger—has been pointed out for our avoidance, they are unwise who heed not the friendly warning."The boy raises his truthful eyes to his mother's with an admiring glance which acknowledges very winningly the justice of her reproof—yet will not trust himself to speak; his high-minded nature is too deeply wounded at learning his relationship to so low a form of life.
The thoughtful, beautiful eyes of his mother have again their abstracted expression as of examining into that far-off past of which she discourses.
"Those primitive men had numerous peculiar forms of belief. A little reflection would show you that acting in accordance with them could not be called 'irreverence.' They worshipped the Infinite as an avenging deity of an exceedingly vain and cruel nature, and, by a strange complexity in metaphysics, boastfully claimed a likeness to that deity; but it was no more irreverence in them than was the belief of their ancestors in still more primordial creeds—namely, that the earth was flat, a place below named 'hell,' and one above named 'heaven,' both of which places were inhabited by many gods—some of whom, indeed the most of them, judged by the growing light of succeeding ages, were remarkably immoral. When they reduced their deities to one they made that one a male, and with their usual deficiency in reason said his sons came down to earth 'to the daughters of men;' and that their progeny became 'men of renown.' Such a belief formed part of the creed of the more civilized time which we are reviewing. It was printed by those peculiar people in some curious books called Bible, Koran, &c., the contents of which were taught by their myth-men, or "clergymen," to have been the actual words of their god. But all that will be fully explained in our mornings for mythology. I only touch the subject to show you that morality and religion are of close affinity. When we know the creed of a nation we can judge correctly as to its ethics. If the creed be of an impossible or debasing nature the ethics will be found to correspond. We may deplore the ignorance which caused so much wrong-doing and suffering, but must not abase our own higher minds by condemning those poor men because they had not the knowledge that, except in extraordinary instances, can only be born of time and experience—a knowledge that grew as slowly as their change of bodily structure. As it grew, so they acquired increasing power to control, and, as we have seen in higher ages, ultimately extinguish all grosser traces of brute origin. If any blame attaches to early civilization it is solely to such heads of communities who, while possessing more than the ordinary understanding and some scientific learning, continued the promulgation of fallacies to the multitude, which they dared not utter to the Infinite in their solitude, simply to retain worldly position! Much honour is due to the integrity and courage of the few who would not bow to untruth, who thus risked and often bore with heroism the wrath of fanatics, whose vengeance was as great as their minds were small."
In tones so musically compassionate—they thrill me while I listen—she continues: "Yes, fierce and terrible to reflect upon has been the domination of ignorance! The further we examine into the evolution of our species, the more terrible will it show itself to have been. The more fully will it prove beyond all other proofs, our low origin. The lower we proceed in our researches shall we find the suffering it caused of such magnitude and hideousness that it cannot fail to create in our minds firm and lasting resolves not to be drawn, though in never so little a degree, within its deadening circle. Understand, my darlings, I refer not to lack of rote learning alone—where that is the sole knowledge, the possessor is often but a tiresome bookcase. To the study of others' written ideas we should always add our own. We must try more for the learning which honest thought gives—thought, that wordless, powerful prayer to the Infinite Mind, which is never without result. A person without daily habit of thought is but a child in all high knowledge, while also losing curb over what of brute may be in her or his nature. You reply, perhaps, 'What shall I think?' Every subject appears so impenetrable to your young comprehension. You resemble one contemplating a thickly grown, dark looking forest, wishing to find out something of its mystery; but it looks dangerous and impossible to make way through the tangled growth. At last you resolve to attempt entrance—Ha! Now, where is the difficulty? Only to restrain your inclination, lest you venture too far at once. These glades with their soft light, where is the darkness so feared? There are revealed to you beauties and grandeurs you would never have known by standing on the verge and only feebly wishing to dare further. You, my Veritée, have already entered. The result has been pleasantly shown during many of our morning studies."
Hearing these words, a blush of delight comes over the girl's face as she answers:—
"Yes, mother dear it has proved to me many errors of my judgment. One, especially, has been made even more apparent by some of the details you have kindly drawn from your great memory to aid us in understanding our development. I used to think the senate had been needlessly cautious in having fixed thirty as the age for entering into the government of the world. Now, I feel only content in that it gives me ten years more for fitting myself to undertake those important duties. I have resolved not to rely only on the required standard, but to attain a much higher degree of knowledge, that I may testify to all your patient instruction, and distinguish our name, as you have done, by introduction of some measures the benefit of which will extend to future ages. I cannot express the pride it gave me to learn that the women legislators introduced those world-reforming measures which raised the standard of learning and increased the requisite age. Only within the past year did I begin to understand how necessary it is that senators should possess the knowledge of years, as well as that of books. Looking back over that sad past, it is so easy to see that none of those cruel wrongs would have taken place had law-making and law-administering not been entrusted to such very young and ignorant men, without aid from woman's mind, which appears to have shown more real courage, more benevolence, and sounder idea of justice than that of her male oppressors."
How I wish my readers could see the beautiful picture it has been accorded me to examine!
This high-minded, glorious young couple, resplendent with promise of future excellence, and the noble mother, her handsome face expressing wisdom in every glance—at this moment lustrous with admiring love as she reads her daughter's innermost thoughts, its wonderful beauty unmarred by debasing cares, or cause for sad memories. They must be of noble blood. What they say is so exquisite tones and language too, I could not give an adequate idea by the poor little translation which alone is possible to my inferior nature.
Laying her hand kindly on Veritée's shoulder, she says, with much of earnestness:—
"Dear girl, the many proofs you give me during our studies of your widening thought are just so many delights to my spirit. Your aspirations are of the right order. There can be no thoroughly, desirable ambition which does not include benefit for the unborn. I am pleased very pleased, you begin to feel the absolute necessity of matured thought in positions of such enormous trust as that of governing humankind. None but youth and ignorance think this power lies in youth. While looking at those dreadful rocks of the past we shudder at the nearness of the danger which threatened to again strand civilization. But you must not think all women of those times were magnanimous. Too often the oppressed became the very fiercest of oppressors. While admiring the patient endurance and great good sense of the many under their spirit-wearying burdens and indignities, we must be just. There were also women whose ideas had so contracted in being tyrannized over by little-minded husbands that they appeared to have sunk below the average and ignorantly inflicted as much suffering as did the lowest of men:—and thereby contributed in no small degree to the long continued degraded condition of human kind."
Then, turning to her son, who had been attending to her words with his whole mind:
"And you, loyal heart, you must not place all the men of those rude ages in the same category. Console yourself amidst this unfavourable introduction to your ancestors that there existed some of quite amazing rectitude of thought, and who were also brave enough to proclaim it, which was then very dangerous conduct. Notably one Higinbotham, who lived in our own hemisphere far back as the nineteenth century of the Age of Blood. He was a legislator of unusual wisdom for that era; the originator of free education for the young, and endeavoured to obtain from the other legislators a partial recognition of woman's political rights. Of course his attempt failed, because the brute was too generally dominant in men's unformed minds and naturally the grand spirit of this Higinbotham was so far beyond their very weak comprehensions that, with feeble attempts at wit and noisy chattering, they threw the measure out—much as monkeys would destroy valuable deeds without at all knowing the great mischief they were doing. It has often happened that the advanced minds in a community have been considered to be fools by all the fools around them. But I feel a pride in knowing that women never forgot his fearless endeavour to gain justice for them—and this brings me to a most interesting fact in geology. A marvellous accident, some called it which furnished irrefutable proofs of the grand and wondrous truth at present your study. But perhaps, Veritée, you have already told him?"
"No: mother. It was, to myself, such a pleasure to learn it from your own lips that I would not so deprive him."Frederick is about to inquire, when his mother commences:
"ABOUT nine thousand years ago, when it had been decided to build larger instruction galleries for giving increased facilities to parents during their morning lectures, there arose some difficulty as to a site, for the far-seeing ones objected to its being central. Future generations would, they said, be incommoded, and that is never the policy of such minds. At last they succeeded in obtaining for the required purpose what was named 'The Battlefield,' a tongue of land at the western end of Alethia. Nearly two million years ago our country only formed the bottom to a tempestuous sea, often exceedingly dangerous to navigators bound from Australia to a group of islands (N.Z.) long since disappeared. 'Vulcan's Forge,' the little volcanic islet you are so fond of watching, is believed to be the top of one of their loftiest mountains, which was once covered with ice and snow. Then the earth's orbit became gradually more elliptical, and the consequent precession of the equinoxes changed the seasons. The Southern Hemisphere slipped out of the world's strife, and, as if weary of perverse ignorance, lay mourning and resting under a long glacial period, similar to the present state of the Northern Hemisphere. In due time the earth returned to its more spherical route. Again the seasons changed; but ancient Australia had sunk and this country, our magnificent Alethia had risen. As the ages rolled on, it became colonized by people who had made huge advance in civilization. Many were ascendants of persons who had gained wealth on the engulfed land of which they brought with them some annals—very imperfect, as subsequent events proved. It was supposed that somewhere near the west end of Alethia the old bright—and you would say very wicked—city of Melbourne had flourished for thousands of years in those far-off ages. And now, the question was to be settled most wonderfully by this very scheme for further instruction! The Battlefield was so named from its having once been the scene of a frightful conflict between the early Alethians and an invading army from the Northern Hemisphere. In those times it had been very strongly fortified; but for thousands of years peace had reigned over the world. In to-morrow's lecture I will give you more information on "war." The immense fortifications had long since fallen into ruins, and were completely hidden—deeply buried under decayed vegetable matter, in which grew dense shrubs and enormous trees. Geologists urged the adoption of this site, because they knew the land around was rising, and on that account could not be otherwise than a most valuable position for coming generations. Those who are to-day highest in the science declare that the whole of ancient Australia, with extensive additional land, will yet—in the far future—join Alethia, never again to sink. For choosing the Battlefield another reason was adduced—the constant supply of fresh air from the glorious ocean. So the fate of the grandly solemn little forest was decided. The most powerful machines of the age soon commenced the sad work of destruction; but how different to those former ones whose cruel mechanism lay obscured and powerless under nature's kindly growth! and how different the destruction! The old poets sang sweetly and prophetically of the great undertaking. They tell us how the continuous thunder of the falling trees caused deep pain to many hearts. They thought of what must have been that murderous roar, in which so many of their ancestors had perished, while courageously defending their loved country from fierce and ignorant invaders, who would have brutalized them, and most surely would have mercilessly overthrown their rapidly advancing institutions. In thrilling verse they told them it was but a harmless echo from the past—echo, only, of a wild beast roar. An echo which would hound from age to age until it should become a most sweet music—the voices of dear ones fitting themselves for a higher, and always higher, hereafter. They said those beautiful fallen giants should be replaced by other and grander ones—giants of culture and truth!"
Enthusiasm has imparted additional light to this lustrous trio. But my eyes grow dim with tears as my spirit tires from an intense longing to be worthy of their bravely truthful age!
"After many weeks of unceasing work, the ground was cleared of all the magnificent growth, excepting a few fine cedars, purposely left for the birds, where they congregated, and, to those who understood them, made touching laments over their lost habitations. Excavations for foundations commenced, which required more than usual depth. For several days a quiet unassuming man had been observed carefully examining the earth thrown up by the machines. One morning he suddenly descended a trench, implored the men to stop the engines and send for the manager. Then he removed the crusher; and, kneeling, tore the soil away with his own hands, growing more earnest with each handful he removed, delightedly exclaiming, 'It is! It is!' When the manager arrived, he showed him some carved stone he had succeeded in uncovering, and rapidly wrote upon his card—'The past is coming to the present. Send a hundred carpenters and material for about seventy diam. to secure your great treasure.' Signed with a name which commanded respect, though his hasty message afterwards caused much merriment, for it was well known the 'past' had been very fierce and rapacious. The quiet man who had so suddenly displayed such energy and direction was a Cosmopola geologist, named Denton, far-famed for his brilliant talents. It was proved that he had ascended from an American of the same name, who lived thousands of thousands of years before—who had been world-known for his great, good, truthful mind. He had only arrived in Alethia the previous week, having left his country in obedience to some powerful intuition. His advice was acted upon, and soon a large shed covered the treasure. A wise precaution to prevent hindrance the crowds would otherwise have caused, for people were continually assembling near the spot, some of whom offered payment to view the valuable statue fast appearing. Fortunately, it had been placed under a massive cupola so a small portion of that was the only part the machine had broken. It stood on a large pedestal, which proved to be hollow, and had been filled with the In-In records—so named from having been written on indestructible material and with ineffaceable ink. But language had so altered that the most able linguists were occupied for many years in deciphering them. From study of those writings, and others since discovered I learned all I have told, and have yet to tell you, concerning our ancestor's preceding and during the dawn of civilization, or Great Transition Age, which included the terrible Christian Era up to the happier time when true ethics began to stir all human kind to noble thoughts, truthfulness and benevolence. To this day no person under twenty-five years has once been permitted to examine those paining records. The monument has this inscription:
SCULPTURED AND ERECTED BY WOMEN,
A.D. 2180, TO
FRIEND TO WOMAN AND UNIVERSAL EDUCATION.
FREDERICK, whose eyes have been brightening as his mother's recital proceeded, exclaims:
"How I should like to have been that grand old savage, thus to live in memory of all ages, for justice! (Then reflectively) But, dear mother, I cannot see why we should wait so many years before we can be useful. Veritée has passed the standard, and in about a year I expect to reach it. Yet we are to remain powerless in the State for so many years longer!"
"True, my son, and most wisely is it so. When you have your standard certificate, the most important part of your education will commence. Knowledge of the world with its present and future requirements; growth of justice and benevolence over impulse; and a strength of judgment which only the watchful experience and earnest reflection of many years could teach. If the guidance of human kind were again given to youth, the world would once more be thrown back to the nascent condition of youth; and (with an amused tone in her voice) the older senators of both sexes would have to resort to a third chamber that their wiser politics might not be disturbed by the noise of un-thought ideas. I admire your homage to the grand old savage, as you call him but that appellation was not well chosen. For though he lived in a half-savage time, and was surrounded by many who were nearly savages, he was one of the few in advance of their era—not comprehended by the thoughtless multitude. The first wave of a grand tide, bringing its treasures to endure through all time."
She is interrupted by a voice through the telephone telling that the desired alcove awaits occupancy.
They rise. Frederick takes his mother's hand, and says some words I cannot interpret.
Veritée, half reflectively, as if looking into the perplexing past:
"I always think our Founder must have been a bravely truthful man to have so risked the hurt and ridicule of ignorance, which appears to have been malignant all through the world's history."
They walk through an opening leading to a passage formed by the backs of the cases and wall of gallery.
Stopping suddenly, the elder lady says:
"You did not notice the figures in the case fronting our alcove; but," walking on again, "it matters not now. I particularly wish to descend the Ages in their own order. The alcove I intended to commence in, this morning, was engaged."
"Yes," says Frederick, in an uninterested tone, "I saw them. Some sort of monkey."
"Monkeys, my dear! You are thinking of some other case. They are ancient Britons—very ancient—and modelled after well-executed drawings."
"Indeed mother, I looked well at them. Naked, hairy vicious animals, standing upon their hind legs. Please return, the alcove is not yet occupied."
"There," says he as they arrive before the case, "are they not apes?"With a half serious, and somewhat of droll, expression in her eyes, she replies gently:
"No, they were not so named, though there is certainly some excuse for your doing so. They were always called Britons. However, call them what you will—man or ape—they were the progenitors of some of the greatest civilizers."They retrace their steps, the boy with his former look of indignation. It is evident he is not yet reconciled to his ancestors.
THEY enter the alcove, fully a third of a mile from where I have remained watching them—happy to even see such beings. Truth, freedom, love and grace are indeed here. I shall join them after passing near the other families, and so give gladness to my "half brutal" self in contemplation of this shamless refinement. No glances of envy or tones of detraction. No slander. These must be women of really high birth.
Where are the low Illiterate ? The pompous, self-lauding, arrogant ignorami? That great band so heavily weighting the Car of Progress in my century! Not in any of these noble families! who appear so affectionately and so reverently united by honest endeavour for human perfection. Nowhere can I see the baleful, cruel stamp of ignorance. Mothers and fathers are ably imparting instruction to attentive—fascinatingly attentive—young people in matters which, up to the nineteenth century, have been left to chance study; and on other subjects beyond present comprehension, with eloquence exceeding my power to transcribe; yet causing so great an exaltation of my thought that I shudder at contemplating the barbaric misconceptions and young-world understandings awaiting my return to an unenlightened age.
While I linger occasionally, on my way up the gallery, to hear a little from the lips of these beautiful, earnest truth-seekers, I learn the origin of their Instruction Galleries, and pride upholds me upon finding that our Australia planted the seed of so goodly a tree of knowledge. An example which was followed by countries in the Northern Hemisphere, where the principle became an institution during thousands of years, and ultimately was established with increased culture in this newer land, Alethia.
Soon after women entered Parliament, they brought forward a measure compelling either mothers or fathers to devote two mornings of every week—commencing Sunday—to oral instruction of their children. They argued that it would restore the too often overstrained mental power of both teachers and pupils, besides arresting premature decay of sight, frequently caused by too continuous application to books at an early age. Added to which important considerations, they urged the value of such a law as a means for strengthening family ties, by increasing the loving respect of children for their parents. After a very short debate, the measure received the authority of the House by unanimous voting. The few progressionists supported it of course, and the ignorant ones, also of course, because they believed it must ultimately rid them of woman's quieting presence in the senate. And much they chuckled, with silly jokes, over what their wisdom considered to be woman's stupidity in thus forging chains for herself. For it afterwards transpired that they had fully intended all the obligation of the act should be borne by the originators of it. On their side, the women were prepared to execute the desirable work. It was nothing to them to do more than their fair share ever since beasts on two legs first ordered their female mates to carry logs for their fire, while they employed the great intellect man has always accredited himself with in extracting grubs, and other such dainties, for the gratification of their own appetite, or lolling in company with other great male intellects around lovely pools of water; intellect consisting in brutal strength of legs and arms, the reflection of which gave them immense self-esteem as they lay contemplating and planning anew some cruel discomfort or privation for their weaker halves—the real workers!—who, in addition to other toil, had that of rearing fresh beasts.
In the words of a gentleman relating this to his son:
"So those bravely good women, in the era you despise, entered upon their task. Think, boy, what must have been the requisite energy and patience. Unaided, in nearly every family, they fully satisfied the law's exactions—a law which has proved the greatest regenerating influence over human kind yet known to the world."
And, according to this same gentleman, performed their task so earnestly and conscientiously that, as century after century rolled away, the little band of noble men, honorably anxious to assist woman in her rise, increased to powerful numbers.At first, like most innovations, the measure was not welcomed in every family. It pressed hardly upon women who had previously misused intellect in worthless studies, to the exclusion of philosophical reading and elevating thought. But the difficulties gradually wore down. In teaching others, they acquired more knowledge; and science, too, became woman's staunch friend. There was less beast and greater intelligence on earth. Wisdom became an easier lesson. Life was more honestly conducted; more simple habits grew—both in food and dress, which, being met half way by scientific appliances, the useless, menial drudgery self-imposed by humans was a thing of the ignorant past—in the very far-off age, of which I endeavour to give my vision as it has been given to my eyes and understanding.
As time grew men became educated from their apathy, and freely aided the women to the fullest extent of their power. They also introduced a measure for the erection of State galleries, in which the morning studies or lectures were to be continued after the children should have attained the age of sixteen or seventeen years, no admittance being permitted under that age. Such mornings there to be devoted to physiology, evolution, geology, mythology, &c., imparted in the manner I am now observing.
The two mornings of this week are occupied on evolution. Wherever I pass, the subject is being earnestly discussed; and it seems to be a very displeasing accession of knowledge to all the young students.
I am now opposite an alcove, in which are mother, father and two sons. The youngest says:—
"I regret, dear mother and father, having caused you so much trouble in proving our ascent from such bestial thought and matter; but I promise to give you no difficulty concerning our still more remote progenitors you speak of, for the difference between ourselves and those ferocious men of the merciless Christian era is so great that there cannot be much further descent to master."
Gravely his father replies:—
"In those words, my son, I grieve to read yet something remaining of your origin. They betray just a trace of the vanity which so perniciously opposed justice and progress in that transition age. It forms the one great lesson learnt from our valuable records. The nearer we approach the primordial savage the greater the amount of vanity we find. None can say either the immense length of time required to bring humankind even to the stage of improvement, with which you feel so dissatisfied or the probably still longer period to come during which progress will continue. At some future time our structure will have so changed to one nearer perfection that when we look back over the wonderful history of humankind during the course of evolution, as we do to-day, we shall no more recognize our present selves than you feel inclined to do in the ruder forms of the Christian era. But I am inclined to think that the youth of that time will feel only admiration and reverence, as the wise designs of the Infinite Mind become more distinct to growing reason. Do not mistake this, my boy. I imply no blame for your condemnation of those unfortunately selfish men. And (looking tenderly at the dear mother) we much admire your spirit-stirred sympathy for the oppressed condition of the women; but we wish you to take a more philosophical view of past imperfections. It matters not how faulty were their ethics, if they consistently and conscientiously founded their conduct upon them. This is what we can never know. We ought not to condemn them for believing that right which they had not sense enough to learn was so very, very wrong."
Son: "With time, father, I shall no doubt think as you and my dear mother so kindly and so patiently work to guide my thought, because all your counsel has been nobly just. I will reflect well over this, your most difficult lecture. You say our structure may change. Think you our present formation could be improved?"
Father: "Who can deny it? We are certainly not mind perfect. Why should we consider our body incapable of improvement? By the ancient records I find that those men we have been considering, whose form more resembles that of the ape than our own, thought as you do on this question. Their self-idolatry was even amusing. They were so overweening that in speaking of their shape, which was often distorted by excesses, they called it the 'human form divine.' That idea was peculiarly man's. The males of all species have ever been paramount in vanity; and before we can approach a nearer stage to perfection, yet more vanity must wear from our nature."
Reluctantly I leave this family, for the mother now speaks; but I wish to join my favorites.Slowly I pass each alcove. It is not possible to miss glancing at these sweet faces. Still the same lesson goes on, in differing words, to shocked young ears. Though I cannot marvel that it is so, I sigh humbly to see how averse they are to owning relationship to us!
A MIRTHFUL laugh now comes pleasantly to arouse me from sad reflection. It is from two lads, while their mother smilingly endeavours to restrain them. Before their alcove is a case containing models of steam-engines and electric motors of the twenty-second, twenty-first and twentieth centuries. She has just been explaining concerning our screeching, dirty "iron horses" and the picture of a "few hundreds of miles'" journey in so "wild" a fashion greatly excites their amusement, especially at "the strange noises those semi-barbarians loved to hear around them." I doubt the restoration of their gravity this morning. They listen respectfully while she tells them that but for the intellect which produced those "cumbrous machines, two millions of years ago, our own elegant, convenient noiseless and rapid conveyances would not yet have been arrived at."
But their splendid eyes are dancing with humour at their imaginings of the "journeys in the poor old past, with those strange, funny-looking beings for companions!" and they break out again into a most enlivening laugh. I wish they could know how heartily I join them!There will be a different expression on their faces tomorrow, when they hear of the frightful sufferings those same "funny wild engines" sometimes caused. In most cases by men's alarming deficiency in forethought and union of particulars, which is daily to be seen both in the higher and lesser duties of their positions.
Electric motors are now being discussed. To my uneducated comprehension they appear wondrous specimens of mechanism and superior work, as do many other things here exhibited, the use of which I cannot define. They are entirely unknown to us. But the children—"Children"! I am the only child amongst these young people, though they have so few years compared with mine—they laugh good-naturedly at the efforts of "infant science." The younger one declares, with mirth in his musical voice, that if such "monstrosities" had continued in use up to his time, he "would have petitioned all scientists to combine their intellect for extension of the atmosphere, or for the invention of something by means of which we could journey safely outside it. Otherwise there would never have been room sufficient for all the air travellers of our era."
Then their mother tells them how, by the unswerving law of correlation, inventions began to lose their crude form and imperfections from the time men began to lose their brute vanity. "When they acknowledged, in the justice born of their improved minds, that women were also humans, and not of a lower species—made for man's comfort or amusement—as the strutting, ignorant creatures used to tell each other. They had kept women uncultured on every scientific or mechanical subject, while they gave themselves extraordinary and exclusive privileges for acquirement of all such learning. Then, with their usual faulty logic on most things relating to women, declared she had no mechanical ability or inventive talent, in proof of which assertion they audaciously asked what she had done to evince any! Yet, with all their advantages, very few, out of the countless millions born, rose above what was considered only mediocrity, even in their own egotistical age. Those lamentably foolish men were too blind with self-laudation to see the dormant talent of their women, evidenced in very many minor works throughout the daily menial and severe labour allotted to them. But a time arrived when mechanics, as also every other study, became as essential for women as for men. Then was gloriously proved the fallacy of sex in mind—a tenet hitherto held firmly by men since its foundation by the first vain ape who declared the Infinite Mind was of his sex. Woman's inventive faculty cultivated gave an immense stride in the progress of mechanics; for good, like ill, both acts and re-acts. As universal study went on, more talented people were born to bless human kind to distant ages, and thus continue to the higher and purer future."
It has been a delighting study to trace the effects of their mother's words on the handsome faces of these dear young fellows, becoming more earnestly attentive with each idea she uttered. The enthusiasm which had begun to glow is now softening to compassion, while she tells them that, "notwithstanding none but the most skilled men guided those machines, they frequently collided several hundred feet above the ground, and went crashing through the air—a burning tangled mass! Corpses sometimes fell upon living persons in the streets, adding to the dread scene of cruel deaths."
She pauses; all are sorrowfully silent. After a few seconds she continues in more cheerful tone:
"As you know, such occurrences are now impossible, unless from carelessness of great magnitude. And this our safety we owe to educated woman. One, who had given much time to scientific subjects, suggested the use of the Repelling Current. She and her comrade constructed two air carriages, fitted with the now well-known Repellor; and, each occupying one, bravely made the first trial of their work, to the clamorous delight of all who had sufficient nerve to await the result; though it is recorded that many closed their eyes, and others ran hurriedly away when they saw the vehicles approaching each the other in a direct line and with a speed never previously attained. We know how beautifully the controlled current acts. After several trials had fully proved the accuracy of the invention, the crowd began to realize its value to human life, and simultaneously all uttered a sound of thankfulness, which had a very harmonious effect. Then gratitude stirred every heart there present, and men resolved the now famous carriages should not touch the ground when they descended, but be lovingly received in their arms; and, despite the merry protests of their happy occupants, were so carried in triumph around the city, while thousands followed, singing a popular song on victorious science. Contrast that with those pæans of victory in the long-past murderous times, before woman was known to be a human being! And the procession—how different to the debased congregations, scarcely two millions of years before, following an image of one of their deities, all wildly shouting while dancing with bestial glee and apelike antics about the wretched victims—who were often young girls and boys—about to be sacrified in the holy name of religion! An unholy excuse for murder and cruelty, which lasted, in various forms, to the end of the Christian era. Professedly an era of goodwill! At the end of their unexpected journey, both carriages were heaped with costly gifts, thrown in by the more wealthy of the crowd. Although people were not quite so noble-minded as they are to-day, those two heroic workers in the cause of humanity received the honor due to their enterprise with great humility. Government offered monetary acknowledgment to the inventress. She refused, saying she would feel shame in being paid for the happiness of saving life. Determined to reward her, they appointed her Investigatress of Electric Works, which she likewise refused, because, she said, it would equally shame her to be placed in a higher position than her comrade for a 'mere intuition,' to which she had been enabled to give practical effect only by their combined thought. So both of them were raised to the post. This is the origin of so many of our highest offices now being filled by both woman and man, for it soon became a well-known fact that all thought is more perfect when combined with that of the opposite sex. A truth which, strangely enough, was in the minds of the oldest Pagans of whom we have record; for one of their myths was that humans were originally woman and man joined together; but their chief god found them so powerful thus formed that he severed them—and then followed every earthly disaster."
The recital has made this happy little party very bright. Wottah, the younger boy, prettily thanks his mother for "so pleasant a relief to all those Christian ferocities," and he wonders "how those good people, as the brutes called themselves, would have rewarded our courageous couple."
Smilingly, the lady replies:
"In the early part of that era, when a woman was incautious enough to let men know she was an intellectual being, they called her 'witch,' and (with pathetic hesitancy in her voice) she was either drowned in putrid water or burnt to death. A few centuries later, a woman of culture was simply insulted; not only by the opposing sex, but by those of her own, who were either not so gifted, or had not exercised the power of thought—which is the heritage of all. Later still, men quietly ignored whatever woman did to prove her mental equality, but, at the same time, indefatigably kept before public eyes any intellectual achievement by one of their own sex: and considered they efficiently proved their own superiority when they told her she was inferior. Men of some mental power, but very deficient in integrity, fouled their pens by writing defamatory or fatuous articles scorning woman's righteous appeal for her share in legislation for human kind—which writings, like other unclean things, defiled all who placed credence in them. Those who had most to fear from her discovery of their malpractices went so far as to assert that woman was too deficient in morality and conscientiousness for sharing in the government of the world."
The elder son, reflectively:
"From brutes one ought not to be astonished at meeting with brutality—but in my thought of the unhappy past what so perplexes me is that men who possessed some intellect should have been so obtuse as to keep women in that disastrous state of slavish oppression. Why, even the rude mechanical knowledge they possessed was sufficient to have taught them that no whole can be perfect when only half is cared for; and that it matters not bow beautifully such half be polished and cherished—if to the neglect of the other, the ruin of the entirety must follow."
Looking very affectionately at her noble boy, she replies:
"Your quick perception and apt definition always reward me for the pain of going over the sad past. You are right, dear, the ruin did come, repeatedly. Nation after nation fell. Whole races dwindled in intellect, and sunk irretrievably. Some historians assigned one cause—some, widely differing ones; but male vanity was so strong that it required the extinction of many peoples before the real reason could be understood by men. And then they had to be taught it by the very half whose abstract reasoning and abstract justice was thus proved to have been not only equal—which some of their most learned men denied—but superior to their own. That iniquities should have existed is not perplexing when we reflect that—save in the great few—intellect developed without corresponding increase of integrity and benevolence. Some naturalists say all their contemptible tyranny arose solely from an inherent fear of subjugation—and I think it feasible, because, in the earliest ages, men took as wives—a word signifying servants, or rather slaves—the women whom they captured in battle. Fearing the unfortunate creatures might revolt, and make cause with their own kin, they kept them in cruel subjection, and treated them as if they had been still their enemies. Of course, that tyrannical feeling was transmitted through millions of generations, so it is not difficult to comprehend the enormous length of time which must elapse before it could be obliterated by one of justice. The marvel would have been that out of such a state of vain ignorance the least nobility could ever have arisen, did we not feel the indestructible power of Right. Wonderful in all its works, but not yet understood by our limited minds, though we have now reason enough to know they will be still more developed as evolution further and further unfolds its marvels."
There is no resemblance between the mother of these boys and Frederick's, except in the general expression of truthfulness and reliability. She is more vivacious in her beauty, and ever ready to join in their laughter. Probably this is because her children have not been so difficult to instruct in what appears to be everywhere an unpleasant lesson. They are evidently lads of an advanced intelligence. The knowledge of their relationship to us is received with more philosophical equanimity than I have yet met with; and, except during the relation of any sad anecdote, which she uses to steady their thought, are more inclined to mirth than sorrow. I suppose they are of the more progressive ones of their age.
Wottah's eyes are sparkling with some fresh amusement in his mind, as he says:
"I wonder what we three would now have been, had there never existed any earnest women,—and noble men like our Founder?"
Felix, the elder son, in obedience to a sign from his mother, replies:
"What we should have been? Well, where are only fools and brutes there must be only folly and cruelty. Change being Nature's great abiding law, nothing is inert. If no progress can be effected, a fall must come to recommence the rise:—So I think human kind would have inevitably receded. Possibly tails would have become general again, and at this moment you and I would most probably have been holding to a branch with ours, endeavouring piously to hurt our dear mother, or some other person, with the least possibility of danger to our own valuable selves."I leave them all merrily laughing at Felix's grave imitation of a lecture.
ON quitting the last group, I had resolved no other enticement should detain me from the first darlings of my acquaintance; but here is a large case of fashions, and it is customary to swerve a little in that cause. I care not who knows how great its interest for my mind. Fashion is a subject upon which I have thought very earnestly for many years, and know too well the powerful influence it exerts over the right and wrong of both present and future time. Indeed, I see it is one of the principal factors of the numerous chaotic minds now steadfastly pursuing their course of omissive sinning.
Faithfully modelled before me are many curiously-habited humans—quite savage and partly savage. Here are the gloomy Puritans, also the over-magnificent Cavalier. The rigid Quaker. Women who dwindled themselves to look like a dressed stick. Others who inflated their coverings until they resembled a barrel carrying a scarcely human head. Others with that portion of their body—which is generally considered naturally very exuberant—swelled into an appearance most monstrous and repulsive. A wretched sight to contemplate, because it is the result of weakened power to use the intelligence they are striving to drive from their minds. And—yes, there you are, my hideously-shaped contemporary! Little stilts under your boots, giving you a penguin-out-of-water appearance. Your swaddling clothes. Your abnormally swelled hips. Your ribs bent into the place nature intended only for delicate organs, the perfect health of which is requisite for healthy mind. Your crooked shoulders, the result of vain endeavours to move and breathe easily under so idiotic a régime. Your painted cheeks. Your black daubs over eyebrows,—the repulsive dirty sham plainly lying on the skin between the hairs. And a fitting crown to all that degrading deception is the impure false hair, which you imagine decorates your narrowed, distorted-looking head—a head Nature intended should have been intellectual, kind and truthful in form.
And there you are, likewise, hideous young man contemporary! Stilts under your boots. Ungraceful clothes. Hair cut in patterns on face to resemble the natural growth of your ape-relative's whiskers. Head shorn of its ornamental covering, leaving the ears standing out resembling ugly handles to an ugly bowl; altogether giving the unfortunate owner an appearance of having been modelled while in the crisis of a dangerous disease.
Worthy male for such a female, to the world's distraction! For how can aught but retrogression proceed from the union of two such fools! Oh, women! awaken to your responsibilities. Be it plainly understood I address only those whose type is in this case for a far-off age to learn what shams they are. Abandon your shameful practical lying. Where is the benefit it brings you? No mental improvement. No physical beauty. It only begets the short-lived admiration of semi-idiots, or the worship of deceived boys, whose inevitable enlightenment brings so fierce a contempt for the whole of our sex, that I have known it last until it became part of nature—not, alas! to be uprooted by even honourable and truthful women. Should you marry any so deceived is it possible you could expect your husbands to respect women who would sink to such pitiful means to win them? These are some of the great world troubles your thoughtless shams bring upon human kind. You thereby strengthen man's injustice towards women, and while that continues no progress can take deep root. It should always be the aim of woman to rise from the degrading position assigned her in the age of bestial ignorance and brute power. To rise, by noble thought and act, until man, in very shame, yield her her fair share of world's advantages, which he continues to usurp, partly from ignorance and partly from little-mindedness, but always blindly as to the wrong he is working to the whole of the human species.
Away with your shams! Be no longer encouraged by cunning men to waste your energies on the absurd and injurious reduction of your waists, or the set of bows, &c. They do so to thus basely dwindle your nobility of nature, that you may become their weak-brained tools instead of their equals. This world is ours as much as men's. They have no greater right to it than we have. Oh, women! how can you sit inanely smiling over the fashion of a dress or other paltriness while man makes laws affecting you and your children—the dear children you are rearing with your blood—as he does over any other animal he possesses? His laws are that he may take your child from you, give it to strangers' care, rear it in rascality if it so suit his purposes, and finally will it from you. The husband cowardly enough to defame his wife can do so with impunity. Those other base curs who repeat his untruths are also able to gratify their dirty inclinations. You have no legal redress, wives! Man's laws are for his own safety and glorification in all matters. It was not many years since a law existed in England regulating the thickness of the stick with which a man might legally beat his wife. Our divorce records show that alarming brutality, and the greatest of immoralities on the man's part, have not constituted "sufficient cause" for breaking such devilish bonds. Awake, women! Be fooled no longer! Examine man's sapient laws! You will be amazed at their rubbish and injustice. Especially after their having told you for thousands of years how wise and moral they are. Read them! Find out the extent of their reason and justice! It will be a revelation to you which will eventually have most beneficial results for human kind. They prevent you from learning and reflecting upon important subjects by flattering your sillinesses, and encouraging you to waste thought and time in trifles. Step out of the contemptible groove! Learn—above that, think, and you will soon claim your right to legislate for yourselves. Man has neither the right nor the ability to make laws in which the happiness and health of our lives are concerned, unless with our co-operation.
It is as unjust as if we were to legislate on man's greatest interests without consulting him; though I feel certain the very worst of us would do so in a far greater spirit of justice and benevolence than he has manifested in his cruel, impertinent and ignorant laws on our sex. Laws which have broken or withered millions of loving hearts, though medical men have called those murders by less conspicuous names.
It was only natural that so savage and selfish a being as man should have originally usurped all power over the weaker by reason of his greater brute strength; but that is no proof of larger mind. The tiger could crush the strongest man. Yet I think not a single man would give the palm for mind to the tiger. To beat, kick and trample on a weaker body is no proof of superiority of intellect; but it is by such means that men have claimed it. It is not astonishing that the vanity of those semi-brutes in the past closed women's mouths, crippled her intellectual exertions, enacted that she had not enough brain to learn, and availed themselves of every means "divine"—so they "piously" called it—or any other, to degrade the muscularly weaker sex, and that they should have promulgated theories, unsound as conceited, laudatory of the greater brute; but now that there has grown higher intellect in all human kind, it is full time men should repair, as far as possible, those most calamitous injuries to our species which have been brought about through their selfish devotion to the lack-brain errors of our ancestors. Ever since the first important record of men's speech they have branded women as false, illogical, immoral and weak-minded. Whenever they wish to very much insult one of their own sex they liken him to a woman. Anybody who reads current literature frequently sees the following sickeningly ignorant phrases, disgracing manhood and what, in other respects, are cleverly-written articles:—"Scolding like au enraged Woman," "With truly feminine vindictiveness," "Woman's tongue, never still," "Illogical as a woman," and many similar which most people have seen, and, excepting small-brained males, are quite weary of seeing. And all this unmerited abuse of unoffending woman is unfailingly given when public men choose to quarrel or wrangle over some little matter, which, unfortunately for woman's prestige, is very frequently; as in senate, bar and pulpit—the three public educators, they tell us—there is always abundance of scolding.
Pass inns—men babbling nonsense or scolding. Go through the streets—everywhere men's tongues; very little of women's. Listen while journeying in train, 'bus or steamer, waiting anywhere—the men are the talkers. And, if you care to listen, you will find it mostly stupid verbiage they utter. Then they go home and say to their energetically busy wives what men consider smart things about "woman's tongue," "feminine cackle," &c. Men have the audacity to call us deficient in reason! Examine their vaunted ideas! You will laugh till probably tears of sorrowing pity fill your eyes at their constant exposition of their own lack of it. They began all things unreasonably—a round of absurdities and impossibilities for the abasement of the defenceless half of human kind, in the unreasonable imagining that they thereby exalted the other half; and to carry out their unreason they made their god unreasonable!
They call us immoral! Were we one-thousandth part so immoral as they themselves are the world would be worse than any or all things in Dante's hell!
They have so hedged us with the legality of their own immorality, that the most virtuous lady smilingly receives our Solomons and Davids without a misgiving, or thinking how her house is polluted by their presence. But let their victims come to her door, or accidentally brush against her, she would shudderingly spurn them—to further ruin. Her Solomon husband and David friend would at once set about constructing laws for her deliverance from so intolerable an abomination. They would call out the judicial and clerical police to clear the street. Away with the poor creatures to esoteric, shameful, humiliating usefulness! Away with them to some retreat where the Solomons and Davids can find them with least injury to their own sacred persons!
But should the unfortunates leave their allotted boundary—driven, maybe, by fierce hunger for bread—to carry on the vile trade men have forced them into, then, exoteric Justice, bustle up to your bench of wisdom, fouled by so much of wrong and idiocy! Have those poor profaned bodies seized! Men have so seared their hearts it matters little about breaking a few! Fine, imprison, insult the wretched beings! Rid the earth of them, that fresh, less-jaded victims may take their places! But, my worthy judicial and clerical masters, let no harm come to the cowardly factors of all this maddening impurity—the real prostitutes—the men! For they tell us they were made in the image of their God. They are wanted in their churches to look respectable—and worship Solomon.
Not very long ago a young girl sought judicial protection from ruffians who had treated her in so cruelly debasing a way that could we have records of early man's morality they could contain nothing worse, probably not so infamous.
The acts were not denied. For defence it was made known that she had been cohabiting with another of this brute type, who aided the others in the performance of their bestial deeds. That was sufficient for the beneficent wisdom of our Dogberries. Cast her to perdition! But save those righteous young Solomons! Soon they will be of law-making age!
Oh, women of pure lives, have you thought enough to think what was the fate of that child—she was only sixteen—when she left the court of justice, after hearing the heartless decree? Reflect what is her life now; and if you have left your hearts room enough for blood, they must bleed at such imaginings. Should the hunted girl kill one of her assailants, she would be hanged. I think we all agree that any death would be better than the dreadful life to which the judicial and most unbenevolent idiots doomed her. Women abandon your injurious style of clothing! Allow your physical organs to have room for healthy life, that your minds may expand. Work all you can to stop these egotistical dolts from legislating for us without our aid! They cannot do it justly, or with any good to the world.
If Solomons and Davids read what I have written, they will cry with true Pharisaical screech—a tone too familiar to our ears—"Shameful, that woman should meddle in such unwomanly matters! Down with her! Respectability, tread upon her! Avoid her! She is dangerous, &c.!" And so she is, to all that is exoterically good—but so false and foul within.
It is time to throw aside artificial modesty, all of you! I tell you, women, it is woman's duty to try to save, help and raise woman—it matters not how fallen. You know too well such wrongs exist. To feign ignorance and practise indolence of thought is not virtue. If any of you are really ignorant of the deplorable sink into which so many thousands of our sex have been plunged, and from which they now find it impossible to rise, seek the truth for yourselves. It is right you should know it; and as you value the purity and welfare of your daughters, and your spirit's happiness when it shall have left its present abode, do your best to redeem and comfort those poor creatures. Not with vicious dogmas, or wearying, witless traditions of our ape-like ancestors, but with woman's pitying, helping love for the helpless and defenceless. Remember they are women, with woman's feelings—having woman's nature to suffer and endure heroically. Alas, so crushed!—But only crushed. They could rise from all their sad mistakes and wretchedness if you would but hold a hand to them. And you, especially, who possess wealth and influence with, happily for yourselves, time to effect such good work. You are the women who could most accomplish. The noble among men would help you in this, as in every other noble effort for the world's advancement; but at present their numbers are so small, compared with the Solomons, that they could do little without your earnest co-operation. An association which has lately been formed for helping young mothers is one great step.
Resolve, women! Act energetically to aid our poor sisters, or how will you bear the company of their sad spirits when all meet in another life, each alike divested of everything earthly, having only thought and memory remaining? Let us work while we have the power! Build a refuge—to be both school and home—but into which let no "myth-men" or other myth-teachers enter, to preach and weary the poor refugees into monotony and bewilderment with vain endeavors to think over, and believe in, the unreasonable or impossible. Show them good, and awaken reverence for good by your own acts.
After a certain time shall have elapsed, employ them. There would, doubtless, be some failures, though I think not many. Women are not inherently depraved. They do not sink by predetermination. Circumstances have placed young girls in danger—mere children in mind-growth, while their bodies have attained earlier maturity—or girls left without requisite care and instruction at an important age. These are some of the causes which have brought women to a mode of living they afterwards loathed; but forced by the "virtuous" world to remain and suffer. Think how very bitter must be such suffering. Those are the ones who could be helped to a good and happy life.
When you commence the urgent work—and I believe it will be commenced, for the prosperous and fortunate are more thoughtless than radically selfish—you will find my subscription ready, and if you all give in like proportion to your means, this new monument of woman's womanliness will quickly be raised to bless the world!
Men call us "weak-minded," and unfit for mental labour, That such women as George Eliot and Mary Somerville, without naming many other talented, studious women, should have compelled even men to acknowledge their talents—that they should have risen to public estimation straight through the deadly weight of ignorant men's prejudice—proves quite the contrary. In Mary Somerville's case it was considered so very unfeminine for a woman to cultivate her intellect that they deprived her of light in the winter evenings, to prevent her studying; but had she been of the other sex every facility would have been gladly given, and then the boasting of those abilities would have lasted as long—well, as long as male boasting always lasts when a clever mind of that sex appears. And we all know how few they have—considering the millions of millions of men who have been born, and had the advantage of their sex to attain what height they could! Had they the amazing excellence in reason they are ever telling us of, they would know why they have so miserably failed to occupy the great mental positions they ought, by this era, to have reached.
It is only a few years since women were permitted to join men in the race for education's honours—yet, how they already disprove the male libel that they have no power for study! When our University of Melbourne opened to women, the first who passed and gained the highest honour was scarcely fifteen years of age. Though men are inclined to keep woman's progress as unknown as possible; in spite of all precautions, the girls' successes are sometimes published—thanks to large-minded editors, whose thought has taught them valuable lessons in the world's economy. Wherever women are permitted to compete with men the result is amusingly favourable to our sex, when we reflect how pitiably we have been kept by man's doltish enactments imprisoned in one narrow, senseless groove for—who knows how many hundreds of thousands of years?
There are some men who, wishing to excuse the past irrational action of their own sex, say:—" However right it was once to rule over women, it is no longer so, &c." It was never 'right.' If the sexes had started on equal terms the general mind would have sooner expanded, and the beautiful earth would not have been saturated with the blood of advanced thinkers, who have been courageously honourable enough to try to benefit human kind by the honest avowal of their opinions. Women, all, shake off the dangerous apathy into which man's ignorance has thrown you! Teach them, or the earth will again have to treasure away for future learners relics of another fallen nation—teach them no whole can long exist if only one half of it be cared for! It is time men's suicidal oppression should cease. That it will do so is certain, for all the Infinite's works result in perfection, and there can be none in human kind until man become just to woman as to his own sex.It rests with you whether it shall be soon or late. The sooner you work towards so desirable a completion of wise designs—by rejection of absurdities which have been thrust upon your understanding, and by firm, sensible claim to your rights as humans—the sooner must they yield what they have so long deprived us of—our equal share in the world's advantages; which world is ours, by all moral right, as much as it is theirs. I write not for myself. Man's tyrannical laws are powerless to wound me more. My suffering has been borne. No alteration of laws could now benefit me; but there are thousands enduring the pain I have experienced through man's injustice, and thousands to follow, until there be just legislation. For those—for the progress of all human kind—I strive, and will continue to do so while power be left me to speak or hold my pen.
INSENSIBLY my spirit had flown to what these truly noble people call the "Age of Blood." A delicious feeling of rest, safety and trust comes into my aching heart as I find myself return to happier surroundings. And the great pain some memories had brought vanished with my entrance into the alcove facing the case of fashionable simpletons.
Here are two lovely girls, between 16 and 17 years old, expressing their objection to evolution. They are cousins. The mother of one instructs them. Judging by the flashes of indignation in their sweet eyes, and the expression of their truthful mouths, this lady has no easy task.
They are looking at two models labelled "Slaves Civilized and Uncivilized." Of these models one has too much clothing over part of her, and absolutely none over the most delicate portion of her body. She is our benightened, dedizened, bare-shouldered bare-breasted, ball-room simpleton. Too well I recognize you! Years ago I have watched you with my young mind full of wonderment and pity. Thoughtless girl! worse than thoughtless mother! cover yourselves. If your sense of decency is not sufficient, at least, do so for protection of your lungs, and in mercy for the unborn.The other a beautiful half-caste is rather more naked—but oh, how much more graceful is her form, which has never been distorted by rib-squeezers! and her face so modest with its expression of despairing shame—while she undergoes this cruel exposure at her brutal master's bidding.
One of the students opens the volume of explanations. Her mother is evidently reluctant to give the first instruction, for she says: "Read aloud, my Consuelo."
The girl obeys:—
"Two women decked for sale—the bondwoman compulsorily, the civilized lady voluntarily displaying charms of person for men's purchase."
She can read no further. Her face and throat are crimson with indignation. A tone of mingled pain and sympathy is in her rich voice as site exclaims: "Base and shameful! Oh, dear mother, could such monstrous wrongs have been?" And the other, a grand-looking girl, having eyes promising great power of thought, adds: "My loved and most good aunt, I like not this revolting study—if we are to believe these bestial beings belonged to our species. I do really think they could not have been human. Certainly there is a caricaturing resemblance, but they are not shaped like ourselves."
At these suggestive words Consuelo looks hopefully at her mother, saying: "Ah, yes; might there not have been some mistake made by the old scientists in deciphering the records? Do you really believe we have ascended from such frightful beings?"
Looking very steadfastly at her niece, now at her daughter, she replies:—
"Certainly, my sceptics. No one now doubts evolution. A few thousands of years ago, there yet remained some whose egotism would not allow them even to examine the knowledge. But, in our age, intelligence shines unclouded by that dense ignorance which deferred progress for so great a length of time. In the present, only some unthinking children rebel against the reception of all these grand truths —the accumulation of discoveries, the outcome of brain-work which has continued more than two millions of years. When it is considered how small are the reason, thought and consequent judgment of young minds it is not surprising. I often think we older heads are much too exacting in expecting our dear young students to receive instruction patiently as we impart it."
The girls whose expression had been gradually changing to one of affectionate attention, are about to speak when she continues:—
"No, my birdies, you shall not excuse yourselves for being truthful. You must always give me your opinions, that I may know what knowledge you have attained, and what remains for me to do—though it would conduce more quickly to your improvement if you sometimes reflected before giving them. While entreating you to think, I forget not the immense difficulties so placed before you. I know your powers are yet feeble; but habit strengthens. Never forget the old maxim, 'Think or Sink.'"
'Certain 'tis, one of those two
All human kind must do.'
They move towards another alcove at the extreme end of the gallery. Most womanly women are these! I know not which most to admire—the wisdom, tenderness and benevolence of the instructress, the earnest love and respect of Consuelo, or the resolute, fearless, truth-seeking, affectionate deference of Syra. A noble mind, grandly expressed in her dazzling countenance, has this girl. Though so immature now, she will rule herself and mount in knowledge until she become one of the foremost philosophers of her century. Her words will show many hitherto hidden truths with lightning clearness, and so she will add much new knowledge to the old.In that coming time, you and I, reader, will recognize Syra Kaido:—and, amidst curiously fading memories, will perhaps wonder where we first heard the name.
WE are in the torture department. I shall not describe its sickening details. It contains all the vile instruments devised by Christians for producing physical agony—considered by our ancestors so very essential in their conversion of persons to faith in the unreasonable. While reflecting upon the indisputable fact that hundreds of thousands so suffered rather than profess to believe what they could not—or belie their reason—my heart leaps at thought of their courageous truth! and a feeling of happy pride rushes into my mind, knowing that in Australasia human beings have never suffered such cruel tests by civilized laws, in the name of the Infinite!—Also at knowing that we are entering a region of thought that will bring benevolence into our minds. The real religion—a religion not needing dungeons and red-hot pincers, but born of reason and real reverence for the Great Mind—having sincerity for basis, with bright hope in the future for everyone.
Creeds built on unreason, savagery and hypocrisy can nowhere stand. They must away into the black past, with other outcomes of our tiger blood! Ponder well, oh myth-men all. The sooner you bow to truth, the sooner will you know a nobility of happiness at present so unknown to you.
We stop before a case labelled "Appliances for voluntary torture, used chiefly by women. Some families of notably small minds continued the practices even to the end of the twentieth century, when they were finally abolished—some in consequence of growing intelligence, and some by Parliamentary measures."
Among many articles, the use of which is unknown to my memory, are rings for ears, nose jewels, boots, and stays. By their side a fossil skeleton, with its ribs cruelly bent and displaced.
The elder lady turns to her niece, saying:—
"Here, Syra, are the barbaric implements used by our progenitresses in their ignorance of physiology and crude notions of beauty. Doubtless you will think your pretty apology for hasty expression of erroneous judgment was scarcely due when I tell you the first examination of these bones misled all the naturalists of the day; for, after many meetings and learned discussions, it was concluded that they must have belonged to an extinct variety of ape, until one doctress Verax, in her travels, met with more of those fossil bones, and at last, after several years' careful study and research, satisfactorily proved them human, and the new shape to have been caused by some barbaric distortionary process, all of which was subsequently verified by our valuable records. An authority, for what I endeavour to impart to my dear girls, so incontrovertible that I cannot help feeling a little surprise at their doubts."
To which Syra answers, in a gentle but determined voice:
"I was very wrong, dear aunt, to have uttered any word which might have sounded like doubt in your extensive knowledge, and the more so that I thereby led Consuelo into the same shallow judgment. It is all too clearly true (looking sadly at the models before her). Pierced their flesh to hang therein toys of ornamented metal or stones! Human kind must, indeed, have been low! Deformed the beautifully designed body in ignorant vanity that they could improve it! And these were human beings! Ah, yes, it is too true—and being so (her magnificent eyes flash blindingly), I think every one of these most degrading records of our origin should be utterly destroyed, and all means taken to lose memory of them. When I take my seat in the senate I will frame and introduce a measure for the accomplishment of so desirable a termination. And I . . ."
"Not yet, my sweet rebel," says a deep musical voice.
Two noble-looking gentlemen had entered behind the girls' seats, and listened amusedly to the impassioned words Syra had uttered very grandly. Her expression changes to one of bright glad welcome as she rises to greet her father who continues, with the kindest look I have yet seen in man's eyes:—
"Not yet, Syra. When youth can learn this marvellous plan of human progression, with minds and hearts of obedient resolve, it might be time to efface much that is so sickening in detail. But while students receive such instruction with rebellious feeling, and eyes ablaze with the nation of vanity at hearing they have sprung from these poor ancestors, they are living proofs that the time has, unfortunately, not yet arrived. Nay, say nothing now. Do you not hear mid-day song? Think upon all you have heard and said this morning during your reflection hour, and give me wiser results tomorrow for I shall then be able to take your aunt's place in gallery lectures."
While he had been speaking the other gentleman had entered into conversation with the instructress. As their eyes met, I read marriage in the utmost loveliness and purity. Their every glance shows the great fidelity and lasting affection which can spring only from the mutual respect of one equal for another in that life-long bond. No base concealments in either. No more-than-half-mock deference on one side, received hypocritically with ill-disguised disgust on the other—too often to be seen in the so-called unions of my era. How different is the real union of these very dear friends and companions! Of all enchanting experiences in this far-away age, I have met none more beautiful, more elevating, or so fully expressive of true happiness as the loving and most honorable bond everywhere existing between married persons. Such can never exist between master and slave; neither can it ever grow between self-styled superiors and those they have been taught to consider their inferiors. There never was, and never can be, so high a union while law places one above the other, whether that one be so in reality or not. There are very few marriages where ability is equally balanced—in some the woman's is greater, in some the man's. This natural supremacy, if justice reigned, would adjust itself without heartburnings to any; but so long as law makes one sex dominant—by virtue of sex only—and to that one gives all honors, and opens every avenue to distinction, to the exclusion of the grandest intellect—if the owner be not of that sex—there can reign nothing but disaster everywhere. For the offspring of marriage under such iniquitous laws can only be so much increase to the injustice, deceit, oppression, and all degrading wrongs which have polluted, and still pollute, communities, high and low, past and present, throughout the whole world. For noble happiness to exist between wife and husband, there must be perfect equality of world power. Their interests are the same—the advancement of their species—and one can no more accomplish that without the other than perpetuate it without the other. The time must come when women shall unite with men in the construction of laws which affect every human being. For educated women are producing talented and conscientious men. Every one such man is an assurance of future justice, and consequent progress in the world. Neither sex could quite define what enactments are necessary for the other. There is but one righteous method for arriving at what is wisest and just—namely, their combined judgement on their united interests. Every other can only result in failure, as is daily to be seen.
Some there are who say: "If we permit woman to go beyond her sphere (?), domestic duties will be neglected." In plainer language, "If we acknowledge woman is human, we shall not get so much work out of her."
I wonder the most foolish, even of male fools, are not sick and ashamed of uttering such silly, shallow objections. To hear those men discuss the question one would imagine if women had the franchise they would of necessity be voting from morning until night every day of their lives, to the complete neglect of everything conducive to man's comfort. Do merchants or professional men neglect business because they are allowed power to vote? Do mechanics or labourers neglect their work because they have the right to record their opinion upon the merits or demerits of candidates for legislation? If voting or reflecting upon whom to vote for interfered with duties, then by their own ruling it would be far more likely to do so with men—because they assert that their occupations require more thought than those of women. Now most of woman's work, at present, only requires pretty strong muscles and patience. She has, therefore, more time for thinking about the world's economy than have men; and she does think often more deeply than men, who, with their grosser comprehension, failing to understand hers are perfectly satisfied in calling her "stupid."
I can assure these objectors to progress that when woman no longer has occasion to fret under disabilities, which are hers in common with criminals and lunatics, her tasks will be far more cheerfully performed. Her long hours of toilsome drudgery will be brightened by the feeling that she is more than a broom or incubator; equally with men a power in the State—no longer to be treated as a born inferior by every male imp over twelve years of age. She will reflect upon the various qualifications of the candidates, with her great powers of observation and deduction. She will remember who may have proved themselves deficient in truth and ability, and she will record her vote against such candidates—for woman performs all her work conscientiously—and will not fail when raised to a dignified position. Faculties, which in many are now little more than latent in her, as in the larger number of men, will rapidly develop to the progression of all human kind.Others say, voting will render woman unwomanly. What unreasonable talk! I tell such men they make women "unwomanly" when they put more children in their houses than can be wholesomely or nobly reared. That most perniciously to all concerned renders woman unwomanly, and injures her in every way as mother and citizen. But a woman will never become unwomanly through exerting her intellect in erecting institutions or fashioning laws, which are to either save or ruin her children. And this is, in honest fact what franchise means to our sex—nothing other than increasing our power and thought for the future welfare of our dear ones.
THEY have gone, and I now fly with my new power of speed to join the glorious throngs flocking from all parts of the building on their homeward way.
What a scene and sound of mirth and gladness! Surely these happy beings have no sorrow greater than that occasioned by looking into the doings of their progenitors. No corroding, cowardly fear of death born of vicious doctrines. Both sexes, and all ages, are elastic with health of body and healthy hopes.
Some are earnestly discussing; some joyously greeting friends as they meet in the enormous hall, forming the junction of the many galleries; others brimming with fun over a recital of experiences or suggestions. Yet, notwithstanding this mixture of multitudinous sounds there is nothing jarring to the ear, or in any way offensive. It is a bright, perfect moving picture! The greater number, old and young, are singing "mid-day song." I have caught a stanza:—
From us has flown,
But thought is born
And knowledge sown!
Here is another advancing—so sweetly!—from one of the other galleries:—
Great truths seeing.
Every ear is so well in tune, by nature and correct tuition, that no false notes are uttered. Now and again some of the talkers join in for a verse or two, and this occasions a magical crescendo, gradually diminishing as the foremost ones leave the hall. Talking, laughing and singing form one great harmonious music, making quite a new excitation to my spirit—only partly to be imagined by hearing one of Wagner's illustrious marches, faithfully performed by thousands of Albonis, Grisis, Marios and such singers. Could Wagner also have had a vision of this happy future age, and heard its music? I think so. Then little cause for wonder is there that his orchestras could not quite render the splendid harmony he alone had heard.
SOME will expect me to describe the clothing worn by these enchanting human beings. I am so very ignorant of dress language that I fear being unable to make my impressions understood by such seekers for information. They may be certain that wisdom is not wrapped in swaddling clothes. Here is far more uniformity of make than in my era; yet—and many will think this strangely inexplicable—the individuality of each person is far more apparent than is to be found in my era, where absurdities are so closely followed that it is difficult to tell one ninny from another. I find the explanation of this great difference in the simple fact that these beautifully graceful beings are natural.
The women wear rather loose, prettily but not over-ornamented, trousers. Tunic; sometimes made in one garment from the shoulders. Others have it from waist only, and short jacket fitting freely. No superfluous folds or trimming. Nothing tightened—not a skewer anywhere! Tunic worn longer by the elderly.Material is as perfect as is all else here, but I know not of what it is composed—a discovery we have yet to make. Rich and soft beyond any fabric I have seen! Colours are everywhere harmoniously blended, and suiting complexions of the wearers. Anything more picturesque in groups of humanity than these now delighting my wondering eyes cannot be imagined.
Their feet are encased in some very yielding material—not leather; nowhere is any to be found. It is perfectly protecting, yet allows plainly to be observed all those pretty little movements of an untrammelled step. This adds a great charm to the whole body, enabling it to take any position firmly and naturally.
When I think of my unfortunate contemporaries, hobbling along in the imprisoning, unyielding, high-heeled boot of the period, the memory is most hideous and lamentable.
The men and boys dress somewhat in the now ridiculed aesthetic style—which is a graceful, becoming, handsome and modest one.
Neither women nor men wear any black.
Though all clothe simply as to form, I could never have imagined anything so perfect in dress as the effects caused by this wondrous fabric of which these clothes are made.Hair is short (not shaved) on every head—for in their age all is cleanliness. Hats or caps, varying in form according to fancy of wearer, easily removed, and always becoming.
HERE is a very animated group! Amongst them are those with whom I passed my morning. No trace of the gloom their most unpleasant studies had caused them to feel so sadly. Bright glances and joyous sounds from all!
How changed are the two rebels, Syra Kaido and Frederick! If marriage were not forbidden to them for the next five or six years, I should think they would soon be "comrades." I am not sure if I have before told that wife and husband are here so designated; the old terms signifying master and servant having been abandoned ages ago.
There is my beautiful Veritée, laughing merrily at something her father has just said to her and her mother.
Now they all join the song and turn to leave. I will not again lose them.
Wottah runs after us with more of his nonsense—sung this time—and creates fresh hilarity between the young people.
We have descended the steps and I now see many entrances of the same size as the one by which I stood in the early morning.
We settle ourselves in a handsome, comfortably constructed carriage. Veritée moves a small handle—we rise, over the throngs of people, clear of the buildings, and away we go. Oh, the pleasurable feeling! Nothing has ever equalled it, save in dream travels. Mid-day song floating after us—very faintly now, more like whispered music. And the glorious scene! or more correctly panoramas—as we fly over the pretty houses, surrounded by flourishing gardens;—for here are no buildings crowded together, breeding disease in its many cruel shapes. Every dwelling has around it a certain quantity of land, in which are growths of use and decoration. No sign of poverty in homes or people. Green restful valleys, aspiring hills, and on one side magnificent mountains, with their marvellous clefts, varying heights, and many shades of beautiful tints. The whole is just what one would love to look at and think about for ever.
We have come a great distance, and are now descending. We alight in a paved enclosure; evidently the resting-place for our carriage, for there is one part roofed to protect it from rain.
House stands on columns a few feet high. A flight of steps, so perfectly constructed that no one feels any exertion in mounting them, leads to a lobby, from which we pass into a corridor running the whole length of the house—which is prettily curved, as are all buildings, more or less; some being quite circular. At a glance I think its length is about 80 feet, and 20 feet in width. In the outer wall are large, high bay-windows, reaching nearly to the floor, stained to cause a pleasant soft light, yet not excluding view of the landscape. So they look much like magnificent pictures hung against the wall—for the glass of windows is in one piece. Between them are statues in niches, and ornamented supports, holding books and music. The roof is slightly arched—I know the acoustic qualities are faultless. In the inner wall are handsome glass doors, opening into suites of rooms.Here my darlings separate for bath and "reflection hour."
It must be one o'clock. No one has yet complained of hunger or talked of food—I wonder if these people ever eat!
While the young students are on their way to their respective apartments, the parents exchange a look of affectionate pride. Oh, that I were an artist! I would give my century some delighting pictures from this distant age!These tender parents and true friends, how fascinating they are! Their brave, reliable, loving eyes speaking perfect ease of spirit and mind of noble endeavour. They are lovely as they step into the soft light from each window during their promenade to and fro, discussing earnestly a matter beyond my understanding.
BEFORE the door of Verite's room lies a handsome animal. It somewhat resembles a Newfoundland dog, with a tiger's skin, but eyes of dutiful love. Why is this? It growls at my approach, as it doubtless would were I dressed in my earth body, and a troubled look is in its face!
The door opens. I enter her room while Veritée caresses the animal, saying: "Not your time yet, Leoni. You are impatient this afternoon. Lie quietly, you unreasonable old dear."
We are in Veritée's study—a pretty room, shelves full of books, small table (by which is a full-length statue holding a torch) and two comfortable chairs. We pass through a bathroom into the sleep chamber;—bed without hangings or other disease-creating rubbish about it, yet it is far prettier than those we have in use. By the head is the light-giving statue, which is, at the same time, refinement and utility. In file further side is large glass door, opening to a verandah or balcony, having steps along its whole length which is that of the house, leading into a garden—so pleasant with its new and varied growths that it almost made me forget Veritée.
She has taken off her outer clothes, and on the only chair is laying those wondrous garments—impossible to crush, yet so lustrous. Her under dress is a duplicate suit of silk, more closely fitting. Now she goes through various bodily exercises. How graceful is her every action!
Calisthenics over, she goes into the bath-room, admits water, and, with some contrivance unknown to me, makes it of requisite temperature.
Removing her silken covering, she plunges into the bath. Oh, stays wearers! high-heeled, tight boots wearers! that you could see the exquisite formation of this girl's body! The finest statuary you have ever seen would be clumsy by comparison with her. Even the beautifully shaped Chloé, after my Veritée, sinks to a pert-looking disproportioned human animal—and your own shape grotesquely offensive! I feel really the "half brute" these people think us, compared with her. It seems a profanation for one of my gross era to even look at her.Leo growls.
BATH and dressing have not occupied more than ten minutes—yet here she is, fit to join the most resplendent company that ever was.
Again Leo growls.
This time Vefitée admits him. In passing me he mutters discontentedly—strange coincidence, if it is one! or can animals know more than humankind? Can Leoni know there is in this pure life a remnant—or visitor, or whatever my presence here may mean—from the ignorant ages?
The girl walks to and fro, reflecting—the dog or tiger, whichever it is, following her closely.
Now she seats herself, Leo stands before her and looks wistfully in her eyes, as if he would dearly love to communicate something. She takes his massive head between her hands, and looking affectionately at him, says:
"Now, Leoni, kind old tiger, you are not acting quite honorably to-day. You know I allowed you to enter earlier on condition that you would lie quietly and not disturb my thoughts." Here the faithful beast looks appealingly at her, as if to reply: "Dear mistress mine, how I burn to tell you of danger near." Then, feeling how impossible it is, he lays his enormous paw upon her knee—which looks as if it might break her delicate leg—turns towards me and utters a menacing growl."Leoni you are certainly inexplicable."
Removing his paw from her knee, she has an expression like that I saw on her mother's face in the gallery. Has the animal directed her thought?
"Leoni, my friend, I have been thinking that both you and I had decidedly objectionable ancestor; but (caressing him) they are not here to prevent us from doing our duty in this better life. Go you, dear fellow and lie down while I think about our wretched past. If you disturb me again, I must dismiss you."
The last words were said so decisively that the tiger instantly obeyed, his furry face expressing love and sadness as plainly as I have seen them in human countenance.
Veritée again walks her room—a perfect young beauty in her meditation! I feel it would be a very long time before I should grow weary of the picture now before me. Soft landscape, seen through the glass door. Tiger lying in attitude of repose, with eyes so devotedly watchful! The light statue. Total absence of tawdry, senseless ornaments, the only decoration being fine painting on the walls. A very pleasant light from above; and this graceful, beautiful, high-minded girl thinking deeply while she walks to and from me.Having walked during fully half an hour, she seats herself at the table and writes in a large book, on the cover of which is "Thoughts."
A SMALL bell sounds near her chair. She rises instantly, and even while she goes towards the door her look of deep study has passed away.
Frederick joins her in the corridor. A romp with the great kind tiger gives some picturesque grouping. Except the impress on features of thought that has been, and can again be, all expression of reflection has gone from their faces as the young people gambol along, laughing gaily at "Leo's unusual delight at leaving school."
We enter a large room, in which are their parents. Must I describe it? It seems to my mind anyone might imagine such an apartment in such an age of reason.
Bereft of all old curiosity lumber—which I firmly believe is only a device for causing work—it is sensibly and elegantly a room where one can walk or rest in comfort. Light-statues, of course; painted walls, I mean subject-painting; two tables; and a few very resting chairs of pretty workmanship. At the opposite end to the one by which we entered are three wide glass doors, opening on to the verandah. Thence looking over the garden, is a view more beautiful than any other I have seen.
In centre of the room is a pillar, having looking-glass all round without a visible line to mar the effect, which is exquisite, especially where it reflects that marvellous scenery so wondrously enchanting. Yet I have only power to describe it as hills, near and far, bewilderingly shaded. The numerous tints, some quite new to my eyes caused by the bright flowers here and there abounding. Afar is a cascade, the shining water from which is to be traced at various angles among the valleys until it terminates in a lake to the right, bordered by magnificent trees. Near that are dwellings, pleasant pictures in themselves. Everywhere the freshness and the hope of spring!
But these poor words can give only a very imperfect idea of the splendors, and the grandeur of the scene on which I gaze.
With feelings of deepest reverence I wonder—and for the thousandth time, at least, sigh for a life of such beauty and purity!
A concerted laugh arouses me. On turning I find Leo staring apparently into my face and muttering.
"What does he see?" says Frederick. Then his sister tells him of his conduct in her room, which is generally considered as something remarkable.
During my absorption at the window they have prepared a dinner, or whatever it is named—five or six absurdly small loaves, three different kinds of fruit that has evidently been stored from summer (all new sorts) and a vessel of water. Not much after so long a fast! yet I learn they will take no more until to-morrow morning.
As with the young people, so it is with their parents—all look, words and tone of study gone. They enter into the humor of their children, and every one of the happy assemblage seems young.Afternoon pastime is under discussion. Veritée wishes to accompany her mother and father to senate, to hear the debates. Frederick is anxious to go to Waratah (100 miles away), that he might have an hour in the museum. At last it is decided that, the day being exceptionally fine, they should "fly over to the West coast," and "have a run on the beach."
THIS is delightful! High in the air, flying along at the rate of about 80 miles an hour.
After having left their parents at the Senate Palace, the children and I are fairly on our journey. Frederick guides, while Veritée has charge of the repellor, which is the really onerous care—for a mistake with steerer would only change their course; but neglect of the repellor might result in loss of life, and life is sacred in this age.
Onward we go! The exciting swiftness arouses very strange sensations. For some minutes I could notice nothing distinctly—our present speed is so much greater than that on return from gallery lecture. All is so new and wonder-rousing to a most bewildering degree. Hills, valleys, plains, lakes, all things appear to be rushing madly towards us, while we await their coming.
Now a mountain passes under us, within a few feet of our vehicle, chilling us with its snow and glaciers. Now a tumbled mass of hills, rocks and streams fly along far below us—an awful depth! Wonders and grandeurs everywhere!
Strangely and sweetly contrasting with this furious race of inanimate objects there comes a sound, which I think would be powerful to save even a breaking reason—simply a song from the occupants of an advancing car. Who has never heard this entrancing music cannot imagine it. It absorbs all thought. One feels it is everything! and one wishes for nothing else. When the last notes have faded away, the mind has calmed, and the rushing world seems more orderly in its progress. After more than an hour of this travelling we slacken speed. Beneath us pass along enormous boulders, rocks, precipices and high cliffs. A broad white beach, miles in length, rises to us and gently receives our carriage.
A few other carriages are here also. My darlings alight, and joyfully meet some young friends, among whom are their cousins, Carl and Justina, who, I hear, are coming to practise glees this evening.
They all roam gaily about the beach. Some have brought bathing-dresses—and merry parties of maidens and youths are dancing in the bright sea.
Here are some extraordinarily beautiful rock formations—nature's sculpture! grandest of all!But I shall remain in the carriage, and reflect over what has already been taught me.
Good night, good night,
The hour is nine;
With morn more light
Be yours and mine.
THESE words, sung by sweet voices, arouse me. Nearer they come. Veritée and Frederick are dismissing their visitors.
They returned from the beach, and have passed happy hours in song and dance, while I have been——where?
I enter the house with them.
They are separating for night-rest, when Veritée exclaims:
"Look at Leo! One would imagine he sees what we cannot—and something not pleasing to see."
Leoni is certainly gazing into my eyes with an expression of contempt and dread. Are we, then, in some respects deserving the contumely even of beasts? Does the animal really see me? What can it mean?
Is this, after all, no distant age? or is it the future of a higher world, into whose seas portions of our disrupted earth shall fall! Then, no wonder these young people find their lesson so distasteful.
What are worlds? ages? life? death?—Death! That word ought not to be. There can be no death. Light comes; but, oh, how dazzling! It is too bewildering for my imperfect mind.My thoughts are flying in the whirling manner some of those hills and ravines we so lately passed over. Infinite powers! Whatever—— Oh, vain atom!
YESTERDAY'S flight was too much for me; but a bright fresh morning has brought restoration of my tired faculties.
Breakfast—vegetables and bread—just finished. A servant clears the table. She opens a door in the glass pillar, and by a flight of stairs follows the tray, which is being raised to an upper room used for the performance of what little culinary work there is to be done.
This woman, a complete lady in all her movements, will work until twelve o'clock, then leave, having the remainder of the day for recreation or instruction. She has the same expression of noble integrity that all people here have. Refined and graceful as her employer.
Again in the air carriage with all the family. This motion appears very little after yesterday's, and being nearer the ground there is no longer that half-maddening illusion which so disturbed my power of thought. Besides, the human mind soon becomes accustomed to what was at first a startling novelty to its unused strength. Veritée cleverly steers the carriage through a wide opening, into the highest room of a large factory.
Her father alights. Carl steps into his uncle's place, amidst mingled adieus and greetings and we start for the instruction galleries.
Carl is about twenty-six. He has a grandly good countenance, evidencing thought of high tendency.I learn he accompanies us to take the carriage back, that his uncle may join us "after work."
I hear some say, "work!" Yes, my fine pretentious fools of the nineteenth century, that noble man—gentleman in his every thought, word and act—is a mechanic; his "comrade" far excelling the "greatest lady" among you.
Education, bringing its refinement into the mind as surely to be reflected in speech and actions, is the true and certain leveller.
Intellect and benevolence are the coming aristocrats, before whom you shams must disappear. You, who have extra words before your names because some of your ancestors were more brutal or more subtle in legalised murder, for that, and naught higher, is the horrid remnant of savage customs called war. As reward for unusual ferocity in helping their chiefs to rob some, who were numerically weaker, of their homes, your ancestors were apportioned slices of such robberies—politely termed annexations—to which was added the privilege of placing an additional word or words before their names. Then compelled the rightful owners of such lands to slave for them, by which means they acquired wealth as contemptibly as they did lands and titles. Because you were born to a name having those extra words attached, you consider your so-called noble selves too exquisite to associate with others who are really often far above you. You think you confer a favor in receiving, as your guest, a person of scientific or literary acquirements, if such person have only a few letters after her or his name. The time is steadily advancing when those letters will be the only titles the world will respect.To none others would I bow; and this not, as some little minds may imagine, from paltry envy, for one of those contemptible blood-stained titles is in my own family. Should a son of mine succeed to it, I would implore him not to disgrace his name by adding sham honors thereto.
WE have arrived. Again I am in the court-yard of this palace of learning. Together we mount the steps. As we proceed towards an alcove, more of earnestness comes in all their faces—noticeable in every group taking places for study.
My darlings all have removed hats, and are seated.
At his mother's request, Frederick reads from book of reference:
"These strange-looking implements were used by those half-brutal people to destroy life, when they coveted the possessions of other communities, or to avenge any insult to their vanity. So merciless were they that, not content with annihilating their own kind in their frightful encounters, they also killed vast numbers of an elegant animal called the horse. Many writers of the twenty-first century affirm that its intelligence often exceeded that of its owner. For further information see the interesting work entitled 'Where is the Horse?' by Z. Darrin, said to have ascended from an ancient writer named Darwin, who, with a few others of his time, met with great opposition and vituperation, because they used their reason more than was customary in those ages."
"Of course," says the mother, "no writers of that early time could have reached the present stage of knowledge, and they were consequently at fault in many of their deductions. But that was not the cause of the foolish gibes with which unthinkers assailed them. It was the atom of truth they had surely discovered, which was so offensive to the ignorance and prejudice of their contemporaries. (Turning to the cases facing their alcove.) Now examine those representations—you will there see how little removed from brutes were the men of that fierce age."
In one half of first case are correct models of an arsenal and "munition of war." The other half shows two opposing armies preparing for attack.
The second case well demonstrates the small value of life in our times. Heaps of horses and men dead or dying! The "Conquering Heroes" (so they are labelled) are cruelly illusing every living being, even women and children.
Another represents the two "Crowned Heads," who had directed all these horrors, shaking hands. "The one whose murderous implements had destroyed the most, having thus compelled the other to call a piece of land by another name; all people living upon it to be subject to the conqueror—henceforth to act and feign to think according to his mighty will. Such terrible injustice was frequently perpetrated when one chief or monarch uttered some puerile insult concerning another—or, more often, when he coveted some country not ruled over by him."
I extract the foregoing from book of reference.
As the students examine those horrors and savage pomp, their feelings become too excited for utterance. After observing them during a few minutes, their mother says:
"Yes, my darlings truly a most shocking and pitiable sight—yet those atrocities, and others even exceeding them, were frequently committed under the cloak of religion. So great were their vanity and ignorance of noble ideas that they made loud boasts of their 'victories'—so those murders were called—and myth-men in their churches thanked their God for them. Tender innocent children were constantly undergoing scourgings and other barbarous punishments in their schools, for being unable to remember lessons containing names of those slaughters and the principal slaughterers."
I can attest the truth of this! When between six and seven years of age I have been kept standing on a form until my delicate limbs ached, and had frequently to undergo similar torture—to say nothing of sundry cuffings and other assaults—because my young mind refused to be saturated with knowledge of those bloody deeds. Rote lessons on unnecessary subjects have done, and are doing, immense harm to the young.
Her eyes wear the expression of looking back through intervening ages. Mournful, and so beautiful, in her large-minded pity! nobility—real nobility—stamped on every feature. Reflectively she continues:
"There are some, besides students, who think the deeds of those ignorant times ought to be consigned to oblivion—others are of opinion that human nature has not yet sufficiently advanced to lose memory of such deterrent examples. Indeed, it is scarcely 2000 years since a man was convicted of endeavouring to borrow money, and several teachers punished for striking their pupils. I fear it will be long ere our blood be quite safe from reversion; in which case we should have to re-commence all. Such deterioration occurred frequently within human knowledge in the early ages. Several times intelligence struggled as far as it attained in the twentieth century of the Age of Blood—when as often, the dreadful tiger taint threw all back again."
Frederick interrupts her, and there is real astonishment in his voice as he asks: "Were tigers ever so cruel as this? (Pointing to the 'Conquering Heroes.') If so, our kind pet, Leoni, cannot be of the same species."
"Yes, dear, it has been as conclusively proved that the congener of our sweet-tempered, gentle animal was the mean ferocious tiger of that age as that these fierce murder-loving men were the progenitors of our noble-minded Fredericks and Carls of the present day. You must take into your analysis of our history that in those sadly ignorant old times, men, and many other vindictive animals, devoured flesh. It is easy to understand bow such a primeval diet would tend to the conservation of blood-thirsty instincts, more especially if eaten uncooked, as by the tigers then. Indeed, in some countries there existed brutes in somewhat of human form, who ate anything that had lived—cooked or not—even their own species."
"Oh, horrible! (Looking at the cases.) Yet it was not much worse than the amusements of the 'Conquering Heroes.' What could be more contemptibly ferocious than that one who has just divided an infant with his cruel blade."
Very sorrowfully his mother replied:"Yes, even worse than that was done by those heroes. So much more so that it could not be represented here. could not be told in the present era—all of which was the result of a state of ignorance, impossible for us to fully imagine. In these war records you have seen one great cause of premature death, cruelty, grief and misery, which endured long, very long, after the originators had passed away, and their vanity forgotten. But (rising from her seat) the greatest factor of calamity of every known sort under which poor ignorant humanity has writhed in agony—bodily and mental—I have yet to inform you upon.
WE are again behind the cases, on our way to another alcove.
Admiringly I glance at the beautiful groups of parents and their student children.
We stop before cases labelled "Drink."
Seeing Frederick look amazed, his mother says:
"The word drink had a different signification then to that it has with us. It was generally understood as a term for various mixtures of the poison, alcohol and water, swallowed by people to reduce their mental power until they became—some like young children in understanding, some idiotic, some resembled wild beasts of the most ferocious nature, and others committed acts worse than any beast was ever known to descend to; according to the temperament of the imbiber, were produced those direful effects. So universal was the wish for that deadly poison that the sellers of it accumulated large fortunes."
He indignantly interrupts her with:
"What a degradation to possess wealth obtained by such ignoble means!""So it was thought, even in their age, by advanced moralists, But often the dealer in alcoholic drinks passed as a parson devoted to the Infinite. (Seeing Frekerick's eyes flash.) Try always to remember the half-barbarous times are reviewing. All young students make the mistake of judging the past by our advanced natures."
Veritée looks pleadingly at her mother, as if saying: "Some things are so hard to bear unmoved." And Frederick tells her he will listen to all she has to say, "even if distressing as that last information, without again transgressing."
Smiling kindly at them, she desires Frederick to examine the further case, adding: "And patiently—remember a progressed state of thought is always patient with the ignorant."
Not being of this advanced age myself, I cannot help bitterly contrasting the mechanic's noble "comrade"—so exalted in nature, benevolently reviewing the misdeeds of our time—with some of our fashionable mothers. How are their mornings passed? In dressing, reading silly novels, or otherwise ignobly wasting time in paying and receiving visits. Simply an interchange of communication, without intellect, love or friendship! where, too often, the absent are smirched with the polite filth of scandal-loving tongues, and where the estimable of human kind are judged by their incomes. The children of such poor fools, where are they? If very young, their tender lives are in the care of paid attendants—strangers. If of school age, the daughters are undergoing a veneering of education, and the practice of unnatural attitude—which is supposed by some to be particularly expressive of superfine breeding.
The sons are learning to become Solomons and Davids, both by the quality of their classical studies and their early experience in male liberty—that is, the extensive indulgence shown to all excesses and frivolity—when committed by their sex.
Thus we cling to the disgraceful "morality" of the past, and perform our utmost to preserve what of brute remains in us. And, as if to destroy all antidote, we deny access to libraries and places of refining influence on Sundays—the only day the unfortunate many have to recreate their toil-worn minds or bodies. Then we lower the corners of our hypocritical mouths and, with true Pecksniff snuffle, proclaim ourselves "God-fearing people!" Well, too well, we might "fear," after such misdoing, were the Infinite one-thousandth part as ferocious as such persons have represented! For all these young people will have compensation for their week's drudgery; and where have we driven them to seek it? Ah, poor human kind! Tiger, bull and goat relationship will long be discerned in us, under such fatal mistakes as are constantly being committed by the self-styled wisdom of our ignorant legislators.
Frederick is still looking at the drunken scenes degrading human kind. His mother silently reads all that is passing in his humane reflections. Veritée, to whom those models are not new, is thinking the growing general opinion—that all such sights are unnecessary in their era.
Yet they show not a hundredth of the evils resulting hourly from use of alcohol as a stimulant! When he sees one representing a man beating his wife, he returns to his chair saying: "It is sickening. Did persons really so destroy their minds until, it appears to me, their conduct was lower than that of apes?"
"Too truly, my son. Alcoholic drink was one of the most degrading drawbacks of progress that human kind ever suffered from. It was a disease. It fastened itself in the system; and, while corroding every organ, forced its miserable victim to repeat and increase the doses, until dissolution in direst torments ended a wretched life which might have been happy useful and painless. The taint was transmitted to our species for thousands of years. When the child of a drunkard commenced to take such drinks, even in very small quantities, the dormant tendency to that noxious disease soon awakened, and became past cure. Alcohol fostered, and even increased, the strength of brute instincts until men's acts were truly, as you say below those of beasts. Under its influence the most revolting of war's horrors were enacted; every sacred feeling cruelly outraged; and human will was fast becoming only a powerful force for creating universal unhappiness—when a brave few, seeing the state of confusion into which all were drifting, made a determined stand against its further use. As I have often had occasion to point out, any combination in the cause of right must succeed. After many centuries of firm resolve, they arrested the evil by legislation; for at last, the many who had objected to what they thought an indignity, had sense enough to agree to it as the only means for saving the weak-minded, who had not force of will to save themselves, and the world, from the baleful effects of their irresolution. Repressive measures were continued for about forty thousand years. In that time the human structure gradually changed to a higher form; then intoxication became impossible, as the introduction of spirits into the system occasioned instantaneous death or agony great as that caused by some other poisons, but not to be relieved by any antidote, as its volatile nature precludes the possibility of extracting it. It flew at once to the brain, and made the poor sufferer feel as if his—I say his, because women left off the habit of drinking alcohol very many years before men had sufficient sense to follow their example—head had suddenly became red-hot metal. (Turning to her daughter.) I perfectly concur with your reflections, my Veritée. Our physical nature being unable to sustain, unharmed, even a drop of this powerful poison it is time to utterly destroy all these debasing reminders, and eliminate from our studies this one overwhelming ignorance of the past. In our physiological lectures you will learn some of its frightful effects on the bodily organs—coarse though they were in that crude stage of human growth. Also, you will then see a model of the last medical man who prescribed the use of alcohol. The parliament had him hung by the neck until he was dead."
I think Frederick is about to express approval of that decree, but Veritée says, thoughtfully:
"Yes, dear mother, you are always right. I was so reflecting. Also, whether reversion might not again change our structure to one of a lower type, and so fit us more for those degrading tastes and habits; and if that be possible—pardon nay presuming—as to the advisability of so fearful a risk."
With much tenderness in her voice, the mother replies:
"'Pardon' and 'presuming.' My dear one, you know nothing of the pleasure your words give me. You prove the use made of your reflection hours. You have philosophically entered upon thought of deep import. Only yesterday your dear father was discussing that very view of the subject; but we have not time to-day. Next week it will be debated in full senate, and you shall be present."They are informed that the alcove they wish to occupy is now vacant, and we move towards it.
SEATED, the students look at what is here represented for their instruction. Frederick reads:
"Coal-mining in the early centuries. Connected with this gloomy case is one of the brightest of discoveries, and, though made in that almost savage age, has proved of lasting value to all civilized communities—namely, the use of coal as a fertiliser. A woman in the nineteenth century first reasoned out the truth, and gave her knowledge to the world as the world's right. But, as woman's opinions were little understood or prized when men were in so ignorant a state, her idea was only derided, or experimented so ignorantly that the proper use of coal was abandoned until a man discovered it accidentally, about two hundred years later. When its efficiency had been proved—to do which he was furnished with every facility—the Government took immediate steps to prevent any further waste by burning of so precious an aid to agriculture."
He looks up quickly, and in a tone of great astonishment repeats: "Burning!"
"Yes, previous to that discovery it was only used for heating and lighting. The gas it contains, which is so necessary to vegetation, but so destructive to human life, was thus ever polluting the air and caused much sickness—the origin of which was totally unsuspected by the sufferers. When men at last understood the real value of coal, it was the very help for which our over-tired earth was languishing; for at that time, humans were fast abandoning flesh diet for one of pulse, grain and fruit. So the products of primeval forests were again spread over the soil to give what was necessary for the perfect growth of a higher vegetation. This grand provision of nature's I think as wonderful as beautiful! When the new use of coal became general, it gradually rid the ground of all the various insects, by whose depredations farming people were often ruined. It proved the most powerful stimulus, not only to agriculture, but to mechanics that the world has ever known!"
"I read your thoughts. You anticipate with some alarm the exhaustion of so rich a treasure. All young thinkers are very much alike. They err from inability to combine ideas and review the whole; not surprising that it is so, since there never has been but one mind that could thoroughly combine. Those still feebler thinkers of the nineteenth century were also apprehensive of coal failure and sometimes uttered dismal fears that the inhabitants of the world would perish for want of light and warmth. Now think how much more wholesome and cleanly are our present means for obtaining light and heat! Those younger children imagined they worshipped the Infinite Mind as all perfect—yet never dreamed they, at the same time, doubted Its perfection by such, fears. Perfect whole means perfect details; perfect universe, perfect worlds; to every grain of apparently useless soil upon them. No loss—no death—simply change, which constitutes one perpetual motion. When our carboniferous treasure shall have became exhausted, or changed, be sure other changes have been likewise working; probably ourselves the agents of such change, by our very use of what we think a too-surely vanishing supply. The nature of it is as impossible for us to understand as a growing change in physical structure was to those far more ignorant people of the past. Experience has taught us that no matter what our righteous needs may be, the requisites for supplying them are either awaiting our learning and research, or making correlative growth. Then away with all doubt or fear upon what we cannot yet take part in! We must hope and trust with a hope and trust as infinite as our spirits."
All are silent and thoughtful. Before us the wretched old mine, with its sad workers. Naked children toiling, nearly naked women and men harnessed to carts full of coal; going through low-roofed roadways, on hands and knees, drawing their wearying loads to the apparatus for raising to the outer world those changed glories of the grand, solemn old forests—the unlovely part of whose history can only be guessed.
Long they have thought. I have before observed it is the practice of this lady, after having aroused her pupils' interest, to let them reflect awhile. At last Frederick asks, with unusual emphasis on his words:
"Did the people who were called pious warm themselves by coal obtained in so shocking a manner?"
At this moment his father enters. Having heard the lad's strange question, he defers explaining the reason of his early appearance, and answers:
"My son, the 'pious' people committed worse acts than that. You know not yet half the baseness we have evolved from. You have only reached the nineteenth century. That was scarcely past the great transition period (reckoning downwards), when those pitiable barbarians had begun to claim the right of their own minds to think for themselves. You have, of course, noted how long it took before they succeeded in quite disentangling themselves from the chains of superstition. But when you examine the centuries below the nineteenth—especially as will be shown in your dear mother's mythological lectures—you will learn how sadly and continually struggling humanity suffered from the mistaken and bigoted beliefs of the 'pious'; so much so that the very name grew to be hateful in the ears of the reverent truth-seeker. Evolution is somewhat frightful—particularly while studying it downwards—but withal a wondrously cheering study! For we know we are rising always higher above those dreadful ages of ignorance, with its inevitable sufferings. But I have come to end, not continue, the lecture (taking his comrade's hand), dearest, for I have grand news! Your sister's clever children have gained the principal certificate in engineering. Next week they will have honorable letters to their names! They brought me here, in their soon-to-be famous carriage, to abridge your lecture, that we may all fly to Waratah this afternoon—and children, we will go over the sea now covering ancient Sydney! We shall arrive there before two o'clock—for the 'Scud' really does make 140 miles an hour. It gives quite new sensation! Justina and Carl are in the court-yard. They were coming with me, but were compelled to remain to answer questions about their invention."
This news gives rejoicing and excitement. Hats are quickly adjusted, and away we almost run down the long gallery.
I wonder how I shall bear 140 miles, after feeling 80 so bewildering!
How is this? They descend the steps and I cannot stir! I am detained firmly—exactly at the spot where the sweetly truthful voices of these people first charmed my ears!They hasten down, wishing to seat themselves before the students leave, otherwise they would be too long delayed.
Justina—a lovely woman, about twenty-nine years old, having the same talented expression so attractive in her brother Carl—is already surrounded by friends, who draw aside as her relatives approach.They ascend amidst pleasing congratulations, and sounds of enthusiastic admiration follow them when their motor begins to show some of its wonderful power, for which there is now plenty of unoccupied space—because it wants little more than half an hour to noon, after which time no work is permitted;—and as these persons are both too wise and too humane to defer much to the last hour, the streets and air are already nearly cleared of vehicles. How swiftly my darlings are being borne from me! Only a few minutes have passed, and I scarcely see them! My eyes ache, and—ah me!—so does my heart. Shall we ever meet?
POOR children of my era! How sadly and dangerously you have to gain knowledge!—pent up like sheep.
Your tender minds and frail bodies, tried two or three years too soon, and several hours too long each school-day. Little wonder so many small coffins occupy our cemeteries—and that legal murders are fast becoming beyond computation.No child ought to be under scholastic discipline before seven years of age, and each day no later than noon. An hour of afternoon should be devoted by parents to assisting their children in what few rote lessons they might have to learn. Between that and bed-time, which ought to be at an early hour, nothing more should tax their young minds. Night study cannot be otherwise than injurious for children. Two days of each week their education ought to be entirely taken charge of by one of the parents. Ultimately, it would lead to gallery instruction, which would benefit both children and teachers.
WHAT a happy age is this far-off one! No skeletons of mythology are here deadening or vitiating one-seventh of these people's lives. How different are their faces to those of my century!—where nine-tenths are stamped the hideous seal of hypocrisy.
Oh! that I might be permitted to remain! Sighing longingly, I look upon the beautiful scene before me.
While thinking how delightful to live in a town so bright—so pure within as without—a voice answers my spirit's request:"You remain! Have you forgotten how the potter's clay thought it, also, ought to have a place of honor with the refined porcelain, because that had once been but clay? No, you must now leave this age. Return to your own, where so very much has to be done. Use well and courageously your little power to aid in crumbling those skeletons of myths. Arouse cowards, whose growing reason has taught them disbelief in creeds—which sufficed well enough for humankind when its nature was little higher than that of the ape—yet who have neither the courage nor the honor to own and act up to the great truths so surely evolved in their inner minds. Show them the happiness—the independence the real nobility—of acting truly; even though only a few should fully understand the honesty of their lives in so doing. Obey well. You will be rewarded by never losing sight of the light from this age, and thus fit yourself to be one of us. Away to your work!"
While the voice pronounced those last words, "mid-day song" came rolling down the galleries. In vain I implore for one half-hour longer, to hear that glorious music.
Firmly, yet sorrowfully, the voice repeats "Away!"
I am flying through ages of always decreasing light and beauty, while the students' enchanting harmony rings in my ears:
Great truths seeing.
I HAVE returned to our earth. Oh, what cruel disorder here reigns! Truth crashed and persecuted! "Hypocrisy, the only evil that walks invisible, except to God alone," flaunting in every myth temple! howling in every community! checking progress at every avenue.
Fools and rogues! You who profess so much love and reverence for your skeletons. I tell you it is all useless that you noisily rattle their offensive bones before my vision. That bright light of truth from the far-off age shines to me through your blackest screens! Go, hug your loathsome relics of a loathsome era in privacy—if you can—and say not again to my ears what you dare not utter to the Infinite in your solitude.
Ha! I see I "obey" and do the "work" that was commanded, for the light shines more brightly!
A dream? What is dreaming? Some explain most learnedly how it is caused by certain conditions of the body. May not some dreams cause those certain conditions?
Dream, or what else it has been, I see always the beautiful light bright with truth and hope. No one can extinguish it!
M'CARRON, BIRD AND CO., PRINTERS, MELBOURNE.
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CHARLOTTE, NC -- To mark its 80th year in business, Canteen Vending, the nationwide vending unit of Compass Group, has signed on as the first vending company to support the arts by sponsoring an Art*o*mat. Housed in Canteen's North American headquarters in Charlotte, the retired cigarette vending machine has been restored and converted to vend miniature one-of-a-kind works of art the size of cigarette boxes.
The machine features the works of 22 artists, which vend for $5 apiece. Canteen said it is extending an open invitation to "artists, art lovers and the simply curious" from the Charlotte community to visit its offices and use the vender.
More than 400 artists from nearly a dozen countries participate in the Art*o*mat project, which has 85 active machines in various locations throughout the country. It's the brainchild of artist Clark Whittington, who founded Artists in Cellophane in 1997 after he was inspired by a friend's notable enjoyment when unwrapping the cellophane from a snack. He endeavored to ignite the same satisfaction in patrons when they purchased art from a vending machine.
"Canteen is the first vending company to validate what I do. The Art*o*mat doesn't just sell art; it is providing a service by creating connections, and feeding your soul," said Whittington.
"We thought this was the perfect opportunity to support the arts since there is a natural affinity between Canteen and Art*o*mat," said Cynthia Karst, director of marketing for Canteen. "What Clark does is innovative, fun and 'green,' as he recycles old machines and gives them new life."
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Reminiscent of a freshly poached pear, simmered in cinnamon, vanilla, and clove. This organic green and white tea blend will invigorate the senses.
Learn about all the health benefits of green tea, from cancer prevention, cardiovascular health, weight loss, diabetes prevention, Alzheimer’s treatment, and more! Find out how green tea can improve your health here!
White Tea: Prevent Cancer, Arthritis, and Fight Aging
(From sciencedaily.com)Researchers from Kingston University teamed up with Neal’s Yard Remedies to test the health properties of 21 plant and herb extracts. They discovered all of the plants tested had some potential benefits, but were intrigued to find white tea considerably outperformed all of them.
Professor Declan Naughton, from the School of Life Sciences at Kingston University in South West London, said the research showed white tea had anti-ageing potential and high levels of anti-oxidants which could prevent cancer and heart disease. “We’ve carried out tests to identify plant extracts that protected the structural proteins of the skin, specifically elastin and collagen,” he explained. “Elastin supports the body’s natural elasticity which helps lungs, arteries, ligaments and skin to function. It also helps body tissue to repair when you suffer wounds and stops skin from sagging.” Collagen is a protein found in connective tissues in the body and is important for skin, strength and elasticity, he added.
Results showed white tea prevented the activities of the enzymes which breakdown elastin and collagen which can lead to wrinkles that accompany ageing. These enzymes, along with oxidants, are associated with inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis
Professor Naughton said: “These enzymes and oxidants are key components of normal body processes. However, in inflammatory conditions, suppressing the activities of these excess components has been the subject of decades of research. We were surprised to find such high activity for the white tea extracts in all five tests that were conducted.”
The researchers were blown away by exactly how well the white tea had performed. “We were testing very small amounts far less than you would find in a drink,” Professor Naughton, one of the country’s leading specialists on inflammation, said. “The early indicators are that white tea reduces the risk of inflammation which is characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis and some cancers as well as wrinkles.”
Eight of the other plants and herbs analysed also helped protect against the breakdown of both elastin and collagen. After white tea, bladderwrack performed well followed by extracts of cleavers, rose, green tea, angelica, anise and pomegranate.
Rooibos and Your Health
Rooibos (Anglicized pronunciation: pron.: /ˈrɔɪbɒs/ ROY-bos; Afrikaans pronunciation: [rɔːibɔs], “red bush”; scientific name Aspalathus linearis) is a broom-like member of the legume family of plants growing in South Africa’s fynbos.
The generic name comes from the plant Calicotome villosa, aspalathos in Greek. This plant has very similar growth and flowers to the redbush. The specific name linearis comes from the plant’s linear growing structure and needle-like leaves.
Rooibos is becoming more popular in Western countries, particularly among health-conscious consumers, due to its high level of antioxidants such as aspalathin and nothofagin, its lack of caffeine, and its low tannin levels compared to fully oxidized black tea or unoxidized green tea leaves. Rooibos also contains a number of phenolic compounds, including flavanols, flavones, flavanones, and dihydrochalcones.
Rooibos is purported to assist with nervous tension, allergies and digestive problems. Rooibos tea has been shown to inhibit in vitro activity of xanthine oxidase, yet an in vivo study has not been conducted. Xanthine oxidase (XO) plays a role in conversion of purine to uric acid in humans and reducing the activity of XO could limit uric acid production, which would aid in treatment of gout. In in vitro tests only, for the specific concentration tested, the infusion was shown to be less than half as effective as allopurinol, which is the drug typically prescribed to inhibit XO activity in treating gout.
Spice Up Your Health
Cinnamon: Obtained from the inner bark of several trees from the genus Cinnamomum. Help keep your arteries healthy, manage blood sugar levels, and lower cholesterol. Also possesses powerful antiviral properties
Clove: Cloves are the aromatic dried flower buds of a tree in the family Myrtaceae, Syzygium aromaticum. Cloves are native to the Maluku islands in Indonesia and used as a spice in cuisines all over the world.
Cloves are used in Indian Ayurvedic medicine, Chinese medicine, and western herbalism and dentistry where the essential oil is used as an anodyne (painkiller) for dental emergencies. Cloves are used as a carminative, to increase hydrochloric acid in the stomach and to improve peristalsis. Cloves are also said to be a natural anthelmintic. The essential oil is used in aromatherapy when stimulation and warming are needed, especially for digestive problems. Topical application over the stomach or abdomen are said to warm the digestive tract. Clove oil, applied to a cavity in a decayed tooth, also relieves toothache.
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Thirty-Second Sunday in Ordinary Time
Readings: 2MC 7:1-2, 9-14; PS 17:1, 5-6, 8, 15;2 THES 2:16-3:5; LK 20:27-38 or LK 20:27, 34-38
Jesus proclaimed, served, and witnessed to the Reign of God. He proclaimed it through his parables, served it through his actions of healing and forgiveness, and witnessed to it through his behavior, particularly in table fellowship with the marginalized. These were all counter-cultural actions. By our baptism, we are to continue this mission of Jesus, with and without words, in both small and large ways.
In the first reading from 2 Maccabees, the seven brothers with their mother did this in a "large way" by submitting to torture and death rather than breaking the laws of their faith. But normally we witness to God's Reign in equally important "small ways" on a day-to-day basis and often without words.
The document of Evangelii Nuntiandi by Paul VI states that the first sign of God's Reign "is the witness of an authentically Christian life" (41). The pope described this in a beautiful way:
"Take a Christian or a handful of Christians who, in the midst of their own community, show their capacity for understanding and acceptance, their sharing of life and destiny with other people, their solidarity with the efforts of all for whatever is noble and good. Let us suppose that, in addition, they radiate in an altogether simple and unaffected way their faith in values that go beyond current values, and their hope in something that is not seen and that one would not dare to imagine. Through this wordless witness these Christians stir up irresistible questions in the hearts of those who see how they live: Why are they like this? Why do they live in this way? What or who is it that inspires them? Why are they in our midst? Such a witness is already a silent proclamation of the Good news and a very powerful and effective one" (21).
Such a scenario reminds us of the early Christians in the Roman Empire, gathering in their homes to celebrate the Eucharist, sharing their Christian faith and values in quiet conversations in the marketplace, respecting the dignity of women and the unborn, and taking care of the medical needs of others. After seeing their lifestyle, many people were struck by how the Christians loved one another.
How can we do the same? By listening to someone's worries, inviting a new person or family in our neighborhood or building to share a meal, or by offering someone a helping hand. This may stir up a question in them like, "What or who is it that inspires and motivates them?" We of course cannot determine their response. Mother Teresa of Calcutta has reminded us that our primary goal is to be faithful, not successful. And handing everything over to God's spirit stirring within everyone.
In these ways, our lives reflect the overflowing life and love of the Reign of a God, "who is not God of the dead, but of the living, for to him all are alive" (Lk 20:38). And the blessing of Paul for the Thessalonian community, from our second reading, is encouraging for us as well : "May the Lord direct your hearts to the love of God and to the endurance of Christ" (2 Thess. 3:5).
Roger Schroeder, SVD
Professor of Intercultural Studies and Ministry
Bishop Francis X. Ford, MM, Chair of Catholic Missiology
© Copyright 2013 Catholic Theological Union. All Rights Reserved.
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St. Francis Str. 1
is present in:
|Rebuilding the Sanctuaries
The Sanctuaries of the Holy Land are like reliquaries housing the precious treasures of Christianity: places sanctified by Christ, the Virgin Mary, the Apostles and the many other participants in Salvation history. In the history of the Sanctuaries of the Holy Land there are four quite distinct periods of construction or of restoration, alternating with periods of destruction or abandonment.
The pre-Byzantine period
Houses and premises related to the presence of Jesus are trasformed into places of worship. These places of worship seem to have been structurally inspired by the synagogue layout (= church-synagogue).
The Byzantine period (323-638)
A flourishing period with Sanctuaries, churches, monasteries and pilgrim houses cropping up all over Palestine, especially in the Jerusalem area.
The Crusader's Period (1099-1187)
After 471 years of Arab-Moslem occupation in Palestine (638-1099) we find the Crusader period. The arrival of the Crusades meant also a feverish activity of rebuilding sanctuaries of grandeur embellished with the most refined artistic beauty. This activity touched all the major shrines of the Holy Land.
The Franciscan Period
This can be divided into two distinct phases: one giong from the beginning of the XIV century up to 1920 (the islamic and Turkish reigns) and the other from 1920 to this day (since the British Mandate). During the first phase the Franciscans were always considered as "foreigners", subjects or protected by foreign powers often hostile to the Ottoman Empire. This created difficulties even to obtain and bring to the Holy Land the necessary means for survival. During this phase even the buildings were sombre, small and many a time built in a hurry to avoid losing the obtained permissions. After the first World War (1915-18) and the fall of the Turkish Empire, the situation changed completely and the Custody of the Holy Land undertook an extensive activity to rebuild the sanctuaries. Initially the architects followed the plans of preceeding structures for their new projects. Such is the case at Emmaus and the Nutrition Sanctuary in Nazareth. But this tendency gave way to a new architectural dimension: the sanctuaries where to reflect the "moods" and the "particular mysteries" they represented and protect the unearthed archaeological treasures witness to the uninterrupted devotion to the site by the Christians of the Holy Land. Here enters a figure who dedicated all his life and wit to the building of the new sanctuaries of the Holy Land - Architect Antonio Barluzzi (Tabor, Gethsemane, Bethany, Shepherds' Field, Visitation - Ein Kerem, Dominus Flevit, Beatitutes). The last two sanctuaries built by the Custody reflect also an accentuated modern line of structures (Nazareth and Capharnaum).
The Crusader building at the Cenacle is restored by Cypriot architects.
During the guardianship of Fr. Giovanni Tomacelli from Naples all the ceiling beams of the Nativity Church at Bethlehem were restored. The wooden beams were prepared in Venice and transported on the Galleys of the Republic of Venice to Jaffa. The expenses were paid by Philip Duke of Burgundy. The lead used for the protection of the roof was donated by Edward IV King of England.
The area of the grotto of the Nativity of St. John at Ein Kerem is readapted for worship.
At the time of Custos Fr. Boniface of Ragusa, important restoration works are carried out in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, especially of the Edicule.
The first adaptations carried out at the Annunciation Site in Nazareth tranforming the abondoned site into a place of worship.
A church is built at Ein Kerem on the Grotto of the Nativity of St. John.
The Franciscans acquire Mount Tabor and tranform a Turkish bath present at the site into a small Chapel memorial of the Gospel event of the Transfiguration.
Works are carried out at St. John in Ein Karem for the reopening of the Church obtained through the intervention of the Marquis of Montella, ambassabor of the King of France at Constantinople.
General restoration is carried out at St. John the Baptist Church - Ein Kerem.
The lower Chapel at the Visitation in Ein Kerem is restored and opend for worship.
The Dome of the Rotunda above the Edicule of the Holy Sepulchre was complety reconstructed by the Custody.
The first Franciscan Church of the Annunciation at Nazareth is completed.
Trasformation into a small chapel of a Turkish house at the site of the "Nutrition" in Nazareth (known also as "St. Joseph's workshop")
Reconstruction of the Nutrition Church at Nazareth after it was destroyed by an earthquake the year before.
Restoration of the Flagellation chapel in Jerusalem.
Restoration, after an earthquake, of the lower chapel of the Visitation at Ein Kerem.
Building of a Chapel at Emmaus.
Building of a Church and Friary on the ruins of Mount Tabor.
Enlargement and embellishment of the Annunciation Church at Nazareth.
Building of a small Church at Cana of Galilee.
Building of a small oratory at Naim.
Building of a small chapel at Betfage on the Crusader and Byzantine ruins.
Building of a small chapel at "Dominus Flevit" on the slopes of Mount of Olives.
Restoration and enlargement of the Church of St. John at Ein Kerem.
Construction of the Basilica at Emmaus
Building of the Condemnation Chapel in Jerusalem
Building of the Nutrition Sanctuary at Nazareth
Building of the Agony Basilica at Gethsemane: first stone in 1919; work begins in 1922; consecration in 1924.
Partial reconstruction of the Synagogue of Capharnaum.
Building of the Trasfiguration Basilica on Mount Tabor.
Building of the "Good Shepherd" Church in Jericho.
Restoration and enlargement of the Crusader Chapel of Flagellation in Jerusalem.
Building of two chapels at the site of the Baptism of Christ on the banks of River Jordan.
Construction of the sanctuary of the Primacy of Peter at Tabgha on the Lake of Galilee.
Restoration of the Latin Chapel of the Crucifixion on Calvary.
Building of the new Sanctuary of the Visitation at Ein Kerem.
Construction of the new Sanctuary at Bethany.
Building of the Shepherds' Field near Bethlehem.
Complete renewal of the sanctuary at Betphage
Building of the new Sanctuary of Dominus Flevit
Archaeological research and building of the new Basilica at the site of the Annunciation in Nazareth - consacrated on March 23rd 1969.
Complete restoration of the Grotto of Gethsemane after the floods.
Reconsstruction of the Chapel of the Baptism on the banks of River Jordan damaged by an earthquake.
General restoration of the Grottos (known as the Grottos of St. Jerome) adjacent to the Nativity Grotto in Bethlehem.
29 June - Dedication of the new Church of St. Peter on the Domus Ecclesiae at Capharnaum
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Sonic Academy has released a new video tutorial series that focuses on How To Make Drum & Bass Using Logic Pro.
The course covers topics ranging from mixing the drum line to adding wobbly bass and electric piano. A folder of sample and project files is included.
The series is £ 24.95.
Here’s what the video series covers:
A look at the track we are going to be making
Lesson 1 – Drums 1
A brief look at Logics in built software drum machine, the Ultrabeat. How to create a blank patch within the drum machine into which are loaded the drum samples provided with the course resources. Demonstration of various ways in which samples can be loaded into the blank drum machine patch plus how to audition the samples.
Lesson 2 – Drums 2
Creating loops or cycle regions into which can be drawn midi parts that will be used to program in the beats. Keyboard shortcuts for zooming and also the tool palate and command click tool selection. Exploring the piano roll key editor which is used to program the basis for the drum beat. Editing/copying/pasting and merging midi regions.
Lesson 3 – Drums 3
How to split a midi region into its component parts by using the split/demix function. Labelling individual midi tracks so that they can be easily identified. Exploring sending/routing the individual sounds from the Ultrabeat onto separate audio channels for autonomous mixing. Demonstrating how to import audio loops and also using timestretch and snap functions to make audio loops fit with the tempo of the track.
Lesson 4 – Drum Compression
How to use two different types of compression, parallel and sidechain. In demonstrating these types of compression other things that are covered include creating aux and send channels and also grouping and sending audio channels. Using plug – ins on channel strips, and copying/pasting plug in settings.
Lesson 5 – Mixing Your Drums
How to use volume, panning and equalisation to do a basic drum mix.
Lesson 6 – Hoover Bass
Introduction to the ES2 software synth. How to load a blank patch to the synth. How to program a Hoover Bass sound from scratch using a combination of different oscillators, ADSR and filter envelopes. How to detune oscillators/phasing, and also how to use the router section of the ES2.
Lesson 7 – Wobbly Bass
How to program a Wobbly Bass sound from scratch using a combination of different oscillators, ADSR and filter envelopes. Also how to use beat synchronised LFO’s to affect filter cut off.
Lesson 8 – Sub Bass
How to program a Sub Bass sound from scratch using a combination of different oscillators, ADSR and filter envelopes.
Lesson 9 – Arrangement 1
Copying/pasting/editing MIDI regions to create an arrangement of the introduction to the track up to the first breakdown.
Lesson 10 – Bass 4
How to program an additional Bass sound from scratch using a combination of different oscillators, ADSR and filter envelopes. Also adding preset sounds from the ES2 and how to program simple chords.
Lesson 11 – Adding FX
Adding audio files to build up arrangement of the track also using tape delay plug – ins.
Lesson 12 – Arrangement 2
Using automation and copying/pasting/editing of MIDI regions to create an arrangement of the track up to the end of the first breakdown.
Lesson 13 – Arrangement 3
Using automation and copying/pasting/editing of MIDI regions to create an arrangement of the track up to the beginning of the first breakdown.
Lesson 14 – Electric Piano
Using the EVP88 Electric piano plug-in to create some moving chords and applying effects to the piano. Also some more midi editing and arrangement.
Lesson 15 – Creating The 2nd Breakdown
Using the EXS24 sampler to add a Dub –style piano and using existing sounds to program a half tempo beat for the second breakdown
Lesson 16 – Arrangement 4
Using automation and copying/pasting/editing of MIDI regions to create an arrangement of the track from the end of the second breakdown to the end of the track
Lesson 17 – Further FX and Arrangement 5
Putting the finishing touches to arrangement. Also using some final effects to add space to the track.
Lesson 18 – The Final Mixing
How to use volume, panning and equalisation to do a perform a final mix of the track.
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- Our Products
- Fire Detectors
- Gas Detectors
- Control Panels
- Custom Gas Detectors
- Custom Systems
- About Us
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- Contact Us
The Model GC801 has been replaced by Model GC804.
A catalytic combustible gas detector. Features a rugged, explosion-proof, and self-contained device with a 3-digit digital display of gas concentration in % LEL, 4-20 mA output, and dry contact relays. The NOVA-Sensor continuously displays the gas concentration in large, easy to read characters. A standard 4-20 milliamp circuit transmits the gas reading to other control equipment. Three sets of voltage free contacts provided for control or shutdown of equipment. This particular gas detector is a self-contained unit and designed to work with the NOVA-5000 or VulcanGuard control panel and compatible with other control panels. Available in standard, weatherproof, and dust-proof models up to IP66 Ratings.
The SST Model GC801 Combustible Gas NOVA-Sensor® is a completely self-contained device that measures and displays the concentration of gas accumulated in a protected area, performs local control functions, and optionally transmits this information to a central control point. The SST sensors use the “catalytic” method of gas detection. Located inside a stainless steel flameproof housing, the sensing element is exposed to the detected gas through a sintered stainless steel flame arrestor. The actual detector consists of a matched pair of elements, each consisting of a fine platinum wire embedded in a bead of aluminum material. Flammable gases in low concentrations will not burn by themselves, but when in contact with a suitable catalyst, it is possible to burn (or oxidize) any concentration of gas. One of the element pairs in the SST sensor is treated with such a catalyst, while the other element is protected with a similar, noncatalytic material. The platinum wires within the elements are heated by passing a suitable current through them. When the gas is oxidized on the surface of the catalyst, additional heat is released, which causes a temperature rise on the catalytic surface. This change in temperature is measured and converted to determine the amount of gas present.
The SST Combustible Gas NOVA-Senser has been designed witha special “poison resistant” sensing material, and provides accurate measurements in atmospheres where traces of silicone or other poisoning agents may be present. Readings are unaffected by humidity or carbon dioxide. The concentration of combustible gas is measured in terms of the Lower Explosive Limit (LEL).
Each SST NOVA-Sensor includes a high reliability microprocessor based transmitter/ controller in the associated explosion proof housing. A digital readout continuously displays operating status and the actual concentration of gas present in the percentage of the Lower Explosive Limit (%LEL). The transmitter converts this reading to a standard 4-20 mA signal. This signal may be connected to any remote device with a standard 4-20 mA input. Connections between the transmitter and control device are normally made with 3 conductor cable [24 VDC (+), 24 VDC (-), signal]. Relays are provided for Alarm A1, Alarm A2, and Fault. The A1 and A2 relays operated at user adjustable trip points; the fault relay operates upon loss of power or internal failure of the unit. Relays are suitable for controlling local HVAC or equipment shutdown.
Additionally an RS-485 digital interface is available, enabling multiple GC801’s to be addressable and connected to a common pair of wires for communication to a central acquisition system.
The “One-Man” automatic calibration sequence is initiated by depressing the pushbutton switch located on the side of the enclosure. The sensor is then exposed to the fresh air, followed by calibrating gas. The microprocessor stores the results of these tests in its permanent (non-volatile) memory for use in subsequent LEL measurements. There are no screwdriver or other manual adjustments required, and the calibration can be performed even in the presence of combustible gases. During the calibration process, the 4-20 mA and relay outputs from the sensor are normally suppressed. The sensor automatically returns to normal operation when the calibration is complete. During installation, the technician may optionally activate the built-in comprehensive I/O test (CompTest™). During CompTest, the NOVA-Sensor’s analog and relay outputs are not suppressed, thus providing a complete operational check of the overall system. The Model GC801 is suitable for the most demanding applications. A large body mass insures excellent vibrational characteristics when used for offshore use. Corrosion resistant materials permit uses in most environments.
Combustible gas sensing capability shall be provided by poison-resistant catalytic gas sensors, contained in explosion proof housings. The sensor shall include a microprocessor based control electronics which converts the measured gas concentration in percent LEL to the industry standard 4-20 mA signal, plus alarm and fault relay outputs. A continuously reading digital display shall be provided on the sensor, capable of displaying sensor status in the current LEL reading. A switch for initiating sensor calibration shall be provided. Calibration shall not require any operator adjustment. All calibration data shall be stored in non-volatile memory in the sensor. Relay and analog outputs shall normally be inhibited during calibration; however, it shall be possible for the calibrating technician to selectively enable outputs when desired. The sensor shall be suitable for offshore use, and the manufacturers data shall so state. Safety Systems Technology Model GC801 Combustible Gas NOVA-Sensor®, or approved equivalent, shall be supplied.
|Power Supply:||24 volts DC nominal, 180 mA standby, 125 mA in alarm Will operate within specifications at any supply voltage between 16 and 32 volts.|
|Sensor Current:||300 mA Typical average sensor current, supplied by integral sensor electronics.|
|Sensor Voltage:||2.0 + 0.1 volts Maximum sensor power consumption 0.75 watts.|
|Operating Temperature:||-40 to +176° F, -40 to +80° C|
|Sensitivity:||0.16 mA per % LEL Automatically adjusted during calibration and during CompTest|
|Accuracy:||Linear response between 0 and 100% LEL Zero drift less than 5% per year.|
|Relay Outputs:||Low Alarm (latching or non-latching) High Alarm (latching) Malfunction (non-latching)|
|Relay Contact Ratings:||6 amps @ 28 VDC or 300 VAC resistive 1/8 HP @ 120/240 VAC|
|Analog Output:||0 to 20 mA into a load of 600 ohms or less|
|Digital Ouput:||Designed per RS-485 to permit bi-directional communication between detectors and data acquisition system over shielded twisted pair.|
|Size:||4.5 inches diameter X 3.23 inches deep Includes junction box and sensor. Conduit connections are 3/4” NPT thread.|
|801-1||Model GC801 Combustible Gas NOVA-Sensor® with 4-20 mA output, alarm and fault relays|
|851-1||Rain Shield to protect sensor from rain or snow, stainless steel|
|852-1||Dust Cover with 40 micron filter to protect sensor from airborne dust|
|854-1||Duct Mounting Assembly for installing sensor in an air duct|
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Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma: What's the Difference?
Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) are both blood cancers that develop in the lymphatic system. These cancers occur when lymphocytes-types of white blood cells in the immune system that help protect us from infection and disease—start to grow abnormally and develop into lymphomas.
Although these diseases share similar names, they are quite different. The main difference between Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is the composition of the cells that indicate the disease. When viewed under a microscope, if a specific type of abnormal cell, called a Reed-Sternberg cell, is detected, that indicates Hodgkin's lymphoma. If a Reed-Sternberg cell is not present, that signals non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
"Hodgkin's lymphoma is very rare; it doesn't spread via the blood system, rather it spreads lymph node to lymph node in an orderly fashion," explains Dr. Owen O'Connor, Director, Center for Lymphoid Malignancies in New York. "It is treated with a classic chemotherapy regimen, which cures about 70 percent of all cases."
Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, on the other hand, is not a single disease, but rather a group of 65 related cancers. "It spreads via the blood and is a systemic disease from the onset, explains Dr. O'Connor. "The treatment is tailored to the specific type and aggressiveness that you have."
Although the various types of NHL have some common characteristics, they differ in how they look under the microscope, molecular features, growth patterns, impact on the body, and how they are treated. Non-Hodgkin lymphomas are divided into two major groups: B-cell and T-cell lymphomas. B-cell lymphomas develop from abnormal B-lymphocytes and account for 85 percent of all NHLs. T-cell lymphomas develop from abnormal T-lymphocytes and account for the remaining 15 percent of all NHLs. Treatment usually includes some form of chemotherapy, radiation, biologic therapy, or a combination. According to the Lymphoma Research Foundation, approximately 30 to 60 percent of patients with an aggressive form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma can be cured.
Signs and Symptoms
As these are diseases of cells that play a role in our immune systems, symptoms are not lymphoma-specific and are similar to those of other illnesses. Common symptoms include:
- Swelling of lymph nodes, which may or may not be painless
- Unexplained weight loss
- Sweating (often at night)
- Lack of energy
As these symptoms are common for other illnesses, most people who have these complaints will not have lymphoma. However, if you have persistent symptoms, it is important that you visit your doctor for an examination.
Who is at Risk?
According to the American Cancer Society, 9,060 new cases of HL will be diagnosed in 2012, compared to 70,130 new cases of NHL. There is a slight predominance in men for both diseases.
Though the causes remain unknown, the risk may be higher in individuals who:
- Have a family history (though no hereditary pattern has been well established)
- Are affected with an autoimmune disease
- Have received an organ transplant
- Have been exposed to chemicals such as pesticides, fertilizers, or organic solvents for a long period
- Have been infected with viruses such as Epstein-Barr, human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), HIV/AIDS, hepatitis C, or certain bacteria, such as H-pylori
American Cancer Society
Cancer Facts & Figures 2012 (pdf)
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The Epic of Gilgamesh
Translated by N. K. Sandars
By (author) Andrew George
Introduction by Andrew George
Normal Price: $23.40
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Epic of Gilgamesh by N. K. Sandars
Book DescriptionGilgamesh, King of Uruk, and his companion Enkidu are the only heroes to have survived from the ancient literature of Babylon, immortalized in this epic poem that dates back to the 3rd millennium BC. Together they journey to the Spring of Youth, defeat the Bull of Heaven and slay the monster Humbaba. When Enkidu dies, Gilgamesh's grief and fear of death are such that they lead him to undertake a quest for eternal life. A timeless tale of morality, tragedy and pure adventure, The Epic of Gilgamesh is a landmark literary exploration of man's search for immortality.
Buy Epic of Gilgamesh book by N. K. Sandars from Australia's Online Bookstore, Boomerang Books.
Book DetailsISBN: 9780140441000
(198mm x 129mm x 7mm)
Imprint: Penguin Classics
Publisher: Penguin Books Ltd
Publish Date: 25-Oct-1973
Country of Publication: United Kingdom
Books By Author N. K. Sandars
Bronze Age Cultures in France, Paperback (February 2015)
Originally published in 1957, this book presents a comprehensive study of Bronze Age cultures in France.
Prehistoric Art in Europe, Paperback (May 1992)» View all books by N. K. Sandars
Until around 10,000 BC art in Europe appears to have been in advance of the rest of the world and throws light on the total history of early man. This study traces the development of the artistic accomplishment of this period, concluding with an account of the new departures of Celtic La Tene art.
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Author Biography - N. K. Sandars
N K Sandars has worked extensively in the fields of archaeology and prehistory and is a fellow of the British Academy. Her book of poems, Grandmother's Steps & Other Poems, was published in 2000.
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How to Manage Hours-of-Service Regulations Compliance
Now that the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration's Hours-of-Service (HOS) rules have entered into force, trucking companies and shippers need to account for these regulatory changes. Any company that is working in a fast-paced, time-definite shipping environment is especially vulnerable.
The new HOS regulations feature two key provisions:
- Limitations on minimum "34-hour restarts." Where previously any 34-hour break would allow drivers a "restart," the 34-hour period now mandates two 1 a.m.-to-5 a.m. periods. The clock doesn't reset with the start of the rest period, but rather the beginning of the restart. A driver can only take one 34-hour restart in 168 hours, once a week. Without proper planning, the 34-hour window can turn into a 50-hour window.
- Rest breaks. Long-haul truck drivers can still work 14 hours in a day, but they may not work more than eight consecutive hours without taking a 30-minute rest break. This means that drivers must be properly trained and monitored to ensure they are following regulations. Routes and schedules must be adapted to accommodate these breaks.
As a consequence of these changes, shippers and consignees need to be more proactive about how they schedule and accommodate deliveries to ensure drivers remain in compliance, and that they don't incur any undue delays or extra costs—or the wrath of customers who have received poor service.
In an industry that is already stressed by growing volume demands, fewer drivers, and aging infrastructure, the HOS rules will further reduce capacity.
Sending Out An HOS SOS
To make the best of the new rules, shippers can follow these three guidelines:
- Scheduling and workflow management. The new regulations will lengthen delivery times. Left unchecked, this can increase costs, disrupt complex supply chains, and introduce cascading consequences throughout a company's extended network.
One way organizations can counter these changes is by adjusting their planning. A common practice among trucking companies is to schedule driver hours for early morning to allow more drive time, and to put trucks out with less traffic. The new rules will require this approach to be managed even more closely. Small mistakes from scheduling or unexpected events will have greater consequences. Ensure that your carrier partners are fully engaged throughout your system, and are prepared to handle contingencies.
- Driver management. It's easy to forget that multi-million-dollar supply chains rely on the work of drivers operating with relative independence on modest salaries. An industry that is already suffering from a significant shortage of drivers must now adapt to tighter regulations, increasing the need for good drivers.
Drivers need to understand increasingly complex regulations and be more attentive to compliance. Companies should focus on their recruiting, training, and management practices.
- Partnership. Collaboration has always been an important part of delivering a supply chain that creates an operational advantage and gives shippers greater control over their costs. Today, it is essential. Ensure that your trucking company provides the technology, transparency, and reporting that enables you to continually improve the efficiency of your business. Just as importantly, provide them the data to allow for greater gains in productivity and management.
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Chapter 13: Monopoly and monopsony revisited
The previous two chapters have explored several aspects of an economic model that treats the business firm as a cooperative coalition with membership limited to agents who are linked by information-sharing links. Chapter 11 addresses the idea that rational cooperators will make decisions that are Pareto-optimal as among themselves. One implication is that, even though the coalition is both a monopolist in respect of its customer-members and a monopsonist in respect to its employees, the traditional analysis of monopoly and monopsony will not apply. This traditional analysis implies that the allocation of resources among employees, customers and proprietors will be inefficient, and this inefficiency, in itself, means that the analysis cannot apply to a group of rational cooperators comprising all those who jointly benefit from the activities of the firm. Chapter 12 considered two kinds of decisions that would further determine the coalition structure of an economy conceived in this way. In particular, the second section of Chapter 12 considers the noncooperative process of search and matching by which new links are made that may lead to the expansion of the coalition. The decisions to enter into this matching process are unavoidably noncooperative, since they are made before the informational links are made that might support cooperative decisions.
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Birth Registration: Children derive citizenship through their parents. The mother or the father transmits citizenship and nationality. The government attempted to register all births soon after birth, but some citizens in remote and tribal areas such as the Sinai Peninsula registered births late or could not document their citizenship. In some cases, failure to register resulted in denial of public services, particularly in urban areas where most services required presentation of a national identification card.
Education: Education is compulsory, free, and universal until the ninth grade. The law provides this benefit to stateless persons and refugees. Public schools enrolled Syrian refugees, but they largely excluded refugees of other nationalities.
Child Abuse: The constitution stipulates the government shall protect children from all forms of violence, abuse, mistreatment, and commercial and sexual exploitation. According to a local rights group, authorities recorded hundreds of cases of alleged child abuse each month. The NCCM worked on child abuse issues, and several civil society organizations assisted runaway and abandoned children.
Rights organizations reported children faced mistreatment in detention, including torture, sharing cells with adults, denial of their right to counsel, and authorities’ failure to notify their families. In March Human Rights Watch reported that security forces arrested a 14-year-old boy for protesting in 2016, used electric shocks on sensitive parts of his body, suspended him from his arms until it dislocated his shoulders and left him without medical care for three days, and sentenced him to 10 years in prison for participating in an antigovernment protest.
Child, Early, and Forced Marriage: The legal age of marriage is 18. On January 30, the NCCM announced it had stopped 659 cases of child marriage in 2019. A government study published on March 17 reported that 2.5 percent of the population in Upper Egypt governorates were married between the ages of 15 and 17, and the percentage of females in that age group who had previously been married exceeded that of males. On February 23, the deputy minister of health and population affairs stated there were 230,000 newborns as a result of early marriage in various governorates across the country. Informal marriages could lead to contested paternity and leave minor females without alimony and other claims available to women with registered marriages. Families reportedly sometimes forced adolescent girls to marry wealthy foreign men in what were known locally as “tourism” or “summer” marriages for the purpose of sexual exploitation, prostitution, or forced labor. According to the law, a foreign man who wants to marry an Egyptian woman more than 25 years younger than he is must pay her EGP 50,000 ($3,030). Women’s rights organizations argued that allowing foreign men to pay a fine to marry much younger women represented a form of trafficking and encouragement of child marriage. They called on the government to eliminate the system altogether. The NCCM’s antitrafficking unit is responsible for raising awareness of the problem.
On January 4, the Supreme Administrative Court upheld a lower court ruling to dismiss an imam and preacher in the village of Mit Habib in Samanoud, Gharbeya, for administering the marriage of a minor girl and a minor boy in violation of the law. He had administered several urfi (unregistered) marriages of underage girls under the pretext that the practice is “lawful” in Islamic law. The court ruled that urfi marriages of minors is a violation of children’s rights and an attack on children and young girls, calling the practice of child marriage inconsistent with efforts to protect and promote women’s rights. On February 14, security forces arrested a criminal network engaged in the sale of minors in Giza Governorate. According to local media, the gang sold girls for marriage to wealthy Arabs for a large fee, exploiting their families’ financial need. On December 10, the Public Prosecution referred the case to the Criminal Court.
On March 10, the NCCM’s Child Protection Committee at the Akhmeem Center in Sohag announced it stopped an early marriage of a minor in the village of Al-Sawamah Sharq after receiving a report that a person was preparing to marry off his 16-year-old sister.
Sexual Exploitation of Children: The law provides for sentences of not less than five years’ imprisonment and fines for conviction of commercial sexual exploitation of children and child pornography. The government did not adequately enforce the law. The minimum age for consensual sex is age 18.
On May 26, security forces detained Menna Abd El-Aziz, a minor, after she said in a social media video that an acquaintance and others had sexually assaulted her. On May 31, the prosecution ordered Abd El-Aziz’s detention pending investigations on charges of inciting debauchery and forging an online account. On June 9, the prosecutor general confirmed Abd El-Aziz had been assaulted, beaten, and injured and ordered her pretrial detention in one of the Ministry of Social Solidarity’s shelters for women. On July 26, the prosecutor general referred Abd El-Aziz and six other defendants to criminal court. According to her lawyers, Abd El-Aziz was released on September 17. The individuals she accused were charged in a separate case with sexual abuse and violating the sanctity of a minor’s private life.
On August 29, the public prosecutor ordered the detention of a cook whom authorities had arrested the same day on charges of sexually assaulting underage girls at the orphanage where he worked. On September 26, the Public Prosecution ordered the detention of a teacher pending investigations on charges of sexually assaulting two children in the Khalifa district.
Displaced Children: The Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics and the NCCM estimated there were 1,600 street children, while civil society organizations estimated the number to be in the millions. The ministry offered shelters to street children, but many chose not to use them because staff reportedly treated the children as if they were criminals, according to local rights groups. According to rights groups, the incidence of violence, prostitution, and drug dealing in these shelters was high. Religious institutions and NGOs provided services for street children, including meals, clothing, and literacy classes. The Ministry of Health and Population provided mobile health clinics staffed by nurses and social workers. The Ministry of Social Solidarity also provided 17 mobile units in 10 governorates, offering emergency services, including food and health care, to street children.
International Child Abductions: The country is not a party to the 1980 Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction. See the Department of State’s Annual Report on International Parental Child Abduction at https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/International-Parental-Child-Abduction/for-providers/legal-reports-and-data/reported-cases.
Persons with Disabilities
The constitution states persons with disabilities are equal without discrimination before the law. The law prohibits discrimination in education, employment, health, political activity, rehabilitation, training, and legal protection.
The law provides for persons with disabilities to gain access to vocational training and employment. Government policy sets a quota for employing persons with disabilities of 5 percent of workers with disabilities for companies with more than 50 employees. Authorities did not enforce the quota requirement, and companies often had persons with disabilities on their payroll to meet the quota without employing them. Government-operated treatment centers for persons with disabilities, especially children, were of poor quality.
A 2019 law establishes the National Council for People with Disabilities (NCPD), an independent body that aims to promote, develop, and protect the rights of persons with disabilities and their constitutional dignity. The council signed a cooperation protocol with the Justice Ministry to guarantee the rights of persons with disabilities and to train employees in the government on how to help those with hearing impairments.
Persons with disabilities rode government-owned mass transit buses without charge, but the buses were not wheelchair accessible. Persons with disabilities received subsidies to purchase household products, wheelchairs, and prosthetic devices. Some children with disabilities attended schools with their nondisabled peers while others attended segregated schools. Some of the segregated institutions were informal schools run by NGOs. Some parents of children with disabilities complained on social media of the lack of experience of teacher assistants assigned to help their children.
On January 11, President Sisi directed the government to increase its support to persons with special needs. On April 28, the NCPD general secretary complained to the Human Rights Department of the Prosecutor General’s Office about a reality television broadcast where one participant presented himself as having intellectual disabilities in order to elicit reactions from other participants.
On June 29, the prosecutor general ordered reconsideration of the acquittal of a minor who had allegedly raped an autistic child in late January.
During the Senate and House of Representatives elections, polling stations provided wheelchairs for persons with walking disabilities.
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The Amish are a close-knit community, so members of a group know each other from childhood. There is school, church, barn raisings, singings and other events. The Amish do not like to depend on outsiders, so neighbors are always helping each other.
Singings are the usual mixed recreation and are the primary courtship activity. These events are only open to young singles and are the equivalent of a teen dance. The Amish do not dance or play musical instruments, but they share the Pennsylvania German love of singing. The songs are not all religious. Folk and country songs are also sung.
Unmarried Amish choose their own husbands/wives, and the woman is very much involved in the process. Courtship often begins with a young man transporting a young woman to and from one of the many singings or Sunday worship. The couple will be allowed to spend time together in private, but to spend this time alone behind closed doors would be scandalous. But as with courtship everywhere, couples like to be together out of sight and earshot of others, and the Amish, too, will contrive ways to accomplish this goal. Porches are appropriate, and you will often see them traveling in open buggies. It is wise to have a chaperone present somewhere for appearances, but a good chaperone does not spy or eavesdrop.
The step of marriage is a major one in Amish society, so the preparation and the execution is quite involved. A quick trip to the Justice of the Peace with a couple of witnesses will not suffice. The sequence of events will be covered only briefly here. The links at the end of the article provide additional detail.
Weddings take place after the fall harvest. November is the favored month because the winter weather has not yet begun. Sixteen is the age when courtship begins, but couples will likely be 20 or older when they marry. Both parties must be church members.
Although it is obvious to all when a couple becomes serious, the intent to wed is kept secret until July or August. The man will give the woman a practical gift (no jewelry), and the woman will inform her family. Two weeks after fall communion, those couples who have provided the proper credentials are "published" -- that is, at the end of the Sunday service, the deacon reads the names of the women who intend to marry and the man to whom they will be married. The couples do not attend this service. They are at the home of the bride-to-be having a private meal together. It is now the end of October.
The wedding and "reception" take place in the woman's home. She and her family are now working at a frantic pace to make preparations (remember, on a farm there is never a holiday from the chores). The man is out extending personal invitations to the guests. The guest list extends into the hundreds.
Blue is the favored color for a wedding dress. The dress must be new, but it will be used on future formal occasions. The dress is without lace or a train. Bride and groom wear high-topped shoes, and the men may don bow ties.
The wedding service lasts for many hours, at the end of which the minister questions the bride and groom, and then extends his blessing. The feasting begins and continues well into darkness. The newlyweds spend the first night at the bride's parents' house.
The "honeymoon" consists of weekend overnight visits to various relatives, during which new acquaintances are made and wedding gifts are presented. The newlyweds live with the woman's parents until the spring, when they will establish a place of their own.
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What is Insomnia?
A sleep disorder characterized by problems falling or staying asleep at night. It is either short-term (3-4 weeks) or long-term (more than 4 weeks). Insomnia can occur at any age, but it is common in elderly. The treatment involves mostly behavioral therapy or prescription pills, depending upon the cause of sleeplessness.
Why do we need sleep?
Let’s just say it is like rebooting your system. What happens when you do that with your body?
Similar things happen to our brain when we sleep proper. Apart from that, scientists also suggest that even modest sleep deprivation can do serious damage to the way our immune system functions.
What is this 1-Tip that can help one sleep better naturally?
Montmorency Tart Cherry Juice, twice a day. Yep that’s your prescription!
Cherry juice is once again into limelight because of a recent research conducted in Louisiana State University (US). The subjects (volunteering older adults, average age of 68) had Montmorency tart cherry juice twice a day for two weeks which increased their sleep time by 84 minutes. The placebo phase showed no such results.
This is some significant improvement, isn’t it?!
But, there were two things about the study which bothered me.
First, it is statistically irrelevant as there were only seven subjects under examination. And second, it was funded by Cherry Marketing Institute, whose sales skyrocketed post-release of the study.
So, should I or you trust this info?
My first reaction – Big NO. But, as I read more about these cherries and how we fall asleep, I felt a need to research further. So, here are my findings:
- Our biological cycle and sleep are regulated by two chemical messengers namely, melatonin and serotonin, respectively.
- With progression of age, melatonin production decreases. This means disrupted body cycle in older adults.
- Montmorency tart cherries contain loads of tryptophan, an amino acid which produces serotonin and later melatonin. This implies better sleep.
Though the amount of tryptophan present in cherries is less than what can help one sleep better, it still can help. And this is already proved in two independent studies.
Study 1: When compared to placebo, the 2010 study found that the beverage produced significant reductions in insomnia severity (minutes awake after sleep onset).
Study 2: This 2012 research found that total melatonin level was elevated in the cherry juice group, with no differences between baseline and placebo. There were significant increases in time in bed, total sleep time and sleep efficiency total with cherry juice supplementation.
Though these too had few subjects, it does indicate that cherry juice is worth a trial.
Not a cherry juice fan? Try these:
Kiwi, Olive oil, Wine (some beers also), Walnuts, Pineapples, Bananas, Oranges, Grape skins, Sweet corn, Rice, Barley, Oats – All rich in sleep inducing chemicals. Or exercise.
Whatever you do, avoid sleeping pills. At all costs.
Why ditching sleeping pills is more significant for older adults than younger insomniacs?
It is not correct to say that younger insomniacs should go for sleeping pills, as they can get you addicted. But, the risk of consuming these medications in the elderly is far higher. With ageing, problems like arthritis, poor balance and vision come too. The situation worsens with consumption of sleeping pills as there is an increased risk of falling leading to broken hips and, often, earlier death.
Though no study results are satisfactory, they still give hope. I wouldn’t say cherry juice will completely cure your insomnia, but like I said earlier, its worth a try. After all, it is au natural. So, no potential harm in consuming two glasses of red beauty, unless you are diabetic.
Even if you don’t receive any ‘sleep’ benefits, you’ll still be filling your body with oodles of antioxidants. And if you do notice an improvement in your sleep pattern, share your story in the comments below.
Also practice an 8 minute sequence of yoga poses for 8 hours of good sleep.
Sleep Tight 😉
References: Irwin M, Mascovich A, Gillin JC, Willoughby R, Pike J, & Smith TL (1994). Partial sleep deprivation reduces natural killer cell activity in humans. Psychosomatic medicine, 56 (6), 493-8 PMID: 7871104. ^Back to Top^ Irwin M, McClintick J, Costlow C, Fortner M, White J, & Gillin JC (1996). Partial night sleep deprivation reduces natural killer and cellular immune responses in humans. FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, 10 (5), 643-53 PMID: 8621064. ^Back to Top^ Liu AG, Tipton RC, Pan W, Finley JW, Prudente A, Karki N, Losso JN, Greenway FL. Tart Cherry Juice Increases Sleep Time in Older Adults with Insomnia. Experimental Biology 2014. San Diego, CA. April 28, 2014. (prnewswire.com). ^Back to Top^ Sack RL, Lewy AJ, Erb DL, Vollmer WM, & Singer CM (1986). Human melatonin production decreases with age. Journal of pineal research, 3 (4), 379-88 PMID: 3783419. ^Back to Top^ Pigeon WR, Carr M, Gorman C, & Perlis ML (2010). Effects of a tart cherry juice beverage on the sleep of older adults with insomnia: a pilot study. Journal of medicinal food, 13 (3), 579-83 PMID: 20438325. ^Back to Top^ Howatson G, Bell PG, Tallent J, Middleton B, McHugh MP, & Ellis J (2012). Effect of tart cherry juice (Prunus cerasus) on melatonin levels and enhanced sleep quality. European journal of nutrition, 51 (8), 909-16 PMID: 22038497. ^Back to Top^ Hartikainen S, Lönnroos E, & Louhivuori K (2007). Medication as a risk factor for falls: critical systematic review. The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences, 62 (10), 1172-81 PMID: 17921433. ^Back to Top^ Woolcott JC, Richardson KJ, Wiens MO, Patel B, Marin J, Khan KM, & Marra CA (2009). Meta-analysis of the impact of 9 medication classes on falls in elderly persons. Archives of internal medicine, 169 (21), 1952-60 PMID: 19933955. ^Back to Top^ Stone, K., Ensrud, K., & Ancoli-Israel, S. (2008). Sleep, insomnia and falls in elderly patients Sleep Medicine, 9 DOI: 10.1016/S1389-9457(08)70012-1. ^Back to Top^
Last Updated: July 2nd, 2014
Next Scheduled Update: Sept 2nd, 2014
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Teachers’ Salaries: Top Pay for Physics and Ph.D.s
Want to inspire an awkward moment at a cocktail party? Bring up teachers' salaries. You'll ignite a hot debate, not a "let's get to know each other" conversation. People feel very passionately about how much teachers earn, yet how educated are they on the topic?
PayScale decided to figure out, from private to public school employment, English to physics instruction, why are certain college professors, high school teachers and elementary school educators paid more or less than their peers? See PayScale’s infographic “What Impacts Teacher Salaries?” to learn the details.
The Facts on Teacher Pay
PayScale’s research shows that:
- Private school elementary school teachers typically earn 11 percent less than public school teachers.
- When compared by subject taught, high school physics teachers earn the most among their peers.
- The best paid college professors, overall, live in Boston, Mass.
See the full infographic.
More from PayScale
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Aquatic ape theory
The theory seeks to explain human traits such as hairlessness, salty tears, fat tissue, bipedalism and sweat glands. It also explains why human body is streamlined and why apes quickly drown when put in water while humans do not.
The German biologist Max Westenhõfer was perhaps the first to publish the idea in an evolutionary context. Using the principle of convergent evolution, it says that life in an aquatic environment explains these features, and that a transition from ape to hominid in a non-aquatic environment cannot.
The theory is somewhat out of favor because several key pieces of evidence fail to support the theory. For example, hairlessness, while found in several aquatic mammals, is not indicative of aquatic mammals (see aardvarks and rhinoceros).
- The most widely held theory, still taught in schools and universities, is that we are descended from apes which moved out of the forests onto the grasslands of the open savannah. The distinctly human features are thus supposed to be adaptations to a savannah environment. The Aquatic Ape Theory--Elaine Morgan
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Information on Wellbeing
All staff have received training in Emotion Coaching. This is a technique that involves supporting children to recognise, understand and manage their feelings. It uses the analogy of a clenched fist for the brain, and explains the gradual and cumulative process of children becoming angry or anxious; this is termed 'flipping their lids' and gives them strategies of how they can regulate these upsetting emotions and bring their 'lids' back down.
SHARE Emotion Coaching Sessions
These are one to one sessions that children have with a TA trained in Emotional Literacy. The sessions can focus on self-awareness, self-regulation, social skills, self esteem. Usually, these sessions run for half and hour and run to 8 sessions.
Self Regulation Group
This is a group set up by the school's Occupational Therapist that supports children who find regulating their energy levels difficult after playtime and are not ready to concentrate. Children work with a trained TA for 5 to 10 minutes after break time and lunch using strategies to calm their mind and body for learning.
For information on our wonderful Forest School sessions please go to our Forest School page.
National Trailblazer Project
Milverton School is part of the National Trailblazer project. Mental Health Support Teams provide early intervention on some mental health and emotional wellbeing issues, such as mild to moderate anxiety. They also support school staff provide a 'whole school' approach' to mental health and wellbeing. The teams will act as a link with local children and young people's mental health services and be supervised by NHS staff.
As a result of the being involved with the Trailblazer project the school are developing a wellbeing team which consists of staff, governors, parents and pupils. This team of people work together to ensure the profile of mental health is raised in the school amongst children and staff.
Hello Yellow Day
Each year we recognise that it's World Mental Health Day by taking part in 'Hello Yellow'. Each class takes part in an activity designed to raise awareness about mental health and the importance of keeping minds healthy, as well as healthy bodies. It's wonderful to see cheerful bursts of yellow across the school! This year on @hello Yellow Day' children learnt about embracing and celebrating our differences, whilst remembering that we all have a lot in common beneath the surface. We also thought about how Milverton School serves as a wonderful, warm community that is here to support each child and all the grown-ups associated with the school.
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And in her final years, when she was blinded by macular degeneration and suffocating with emphysema, vanity left her isolated.
Perforation is indicated by sudden collapse and by emphysema from swallowed air.
emphysema is a distention of the tissues with air or other gases.
Madeira and the Canaries are useful when emphysema is present or where there is much irritability of constitution.
Taxpayers shouldn't pay for the cost of lung cancer, emphysema, and other smoking-related illnesses, the tobacco companies should.
There may be some emphysema, but not enough to account for the respiratory difficulty.
In the second case the wide development of emphysema was prevented by the early introduction of a tracheotomy tube.
The second form is called interlobular, or interstitial, emphysema, and follows the first.
On the third day the dyspnœa was more troublesome and emphysema began to develop in the neck.
emphysema is a rupture of the minute air vesicles of the lung substance, and may be either interlobular or vesicular.
emphysema em·phy·se·ma (ěm'fĭ-sē'mə, -zē'-)
A pathological condition of the lungs marked by an abnormal increase in the size of the air spaces, resulting in labored breathing and an increased susceptibility to infection. It can be caused by irreversible expansion of the alveoli or by the destruction of alveolar walls. Also called pulmonary emphysema.
An abnormal distention of body tissues caused by retention of air.
A chronic lung disease characterized by progressive, irreversible expansion of the alveoli with eventual destruction of alveolar tissue, causing obstruction to airflow. Patients with emphysema often have labored breathing, wheezing, chronic fatigue, and increased susceptibility to infection, and may require oxygen therapy. Long-term smoking is a common cause of emphysema.
A chronic disease in which the tiny air sacs in the lungs become stretched and enlarged, so that they are less able to supply oxygen to the blood. Emphysema causes shortness of breath and painful coughing and can increase the likelihood of developing heart disease. Emphysema occurs most frequently in older men who have been heavy smokers.
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This is a small mod that adds Redstone Flux-powered jetpacks to the game. If you don’t know what Redstone Flux, or RF is, it’s a power system that is used by Thermal Expansion, and some other mods as well. This mod is an addon to Thermal Expansion.
How to install:
- Download and install Minecraft Forge.
- Download and install CoFH Core.
- Download and install Thermal Expansion Mod.
- Download the mod.
- Go to %appdata%.
- Go to .minecraft/mods folder.
- Drag and drop the downloaded jar (zip) file into it.
- If one does not exist you can create one.
- Enjoy the mod.
More posts of Simply Jetpacks Mod :
Simply Jetpacks Screenshots
Simply Jetpacks Recipes
The main feature of this mod, of course. They are pretty straight forward. You have to wear them in the chestplate slot. Press F while equipped to activate/deactivate a jetpack. Hold the jump button to fly. Press C to toggle hover mode with a jetpack. In hover mode, you descend slower and a jetpack will consume less power. These controls can be changed.
By default, all jetpacks will emit particles when in flight. This can be disabled in the config.
Recipes to ‘upgrade’ jetpacks to the next tiers are available, though this is not really cheaper, just an utility so you don’t have useless jetpacks laying around.
These jetpacks follow the Thermal Expansion tier system: first leadstone, then hardened, then redstone and finally resonant.
The most basic jetpack, made mainly of lead. This jetpack holds only 25,000 RF and empties very quickly, but is very cheap. It can’t fly very fast. In total, it will last for about one minute in normal flight mode, and about one and a half minutes in hover mode.
A slightly better jetpack than leadstone, made of invar. It holds 400,000 RF and lasts a bit longer than the leadstone jetpack. It is also a bit faster. In total, it will last for about four and a half minutes in normal flight mode. About six and a half minutes in hover mode.
The third tier of jetpack, made of electrum. This one is significantly faster than the last two. With an internal storage of 2,000,000 RF, it will last for in total about eleven minutes in normal flight mode, and sixteen and a half minutes in hover mode. This jetpack will also descend more slowly in hover mode, unless you sneak.
This is currently the best jetpack in the mod. It’s made of enderium. It’s close to creative flight, but it’s not quite there. When in hover mode, it will descend extremely slowly when you are not sneaking, which could be useful for building. This jetpack holds 10,000,000 RF, so it can take a while to charge. Once full though, it will last for about 21 minutes in total in normal flight mode, and about half an hour in hover mode.
These are just some simple items that are used to craft the jetpacks.
There is also a potato-powered jetpack, however because of its tuberous nature this jetpack is considered to be quite unstable and its usage is discouraged.
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The News Corporation, a major media group, says it has canceled publication of a controversial book by former athlete and actor O.J. Simpson, who was acquitted in 1995 of charges that he killed his former wife and a companion.
The corporation said it is canceling the book, titled, If I did It, as well as a television special featuring an interview with Simpson.
News Corporation chairman Rupert Murdoch said today the project was ill-considered. He apologized to the families of the murder victims, Ronald Goldman and Simpson's former wife, Nicole Brown Simpson.
News that Simpson authored a book about how he would have committed murder sparked new controversy. Several television stations affiliated with News Corporation's Fox Broadcasting said they would not air the TV special.
Although Simpson was acquitted, he was later found guilty in a civil trial and ordered to pay the victims' families $33.5 million.
Fred Goldman, Ronald Goldman's father, speaking on CNN television, urged people not to buy the book or watch the interview.
Goldman's relatives said they would pursue legal options to claim any revenues from the book.
Simpson was accused of the murders after neighbors found the bodies of Goldman and Brown Simpson on June 14, 1994 in front of Brown Simpson's home in Los Angeles. They had been stabbed several times and Brown Simpson's throat slashed.
Millions of Americans watched Simpson's first trial on television. His legal team painted the Los Angeles police department as biased against blacks.
Simpson has always maintained his innocence.
Some information for this report was provided by AFP and AP.
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The Center for Civic Leadership (CCL) at Fort Hays State University will host a Hispanic Leadership workshop and a Times Talk about social work in February.
At 6 p.m. on Monday, Feb. 4, the Hispanic Leadership Initiative will host a workshop to promote leadership among Hispanic students on campus. Topics to be discussed include how to make the Hispanic American Leadership Organization more diverse and on providing resources on how to plan successful events.
At 12 p.m. on Tuesday, Feb. 19, a Times Talk presentation, "Disaster Narratives of Survivorship and Resiliency in New Orleans African American Elderly," will be in the back of Forsyth Library. Dr. Patricia Levy, associate professor of social work, will present the talk about social work. The first 20 attendees will receive a free lunch.
For more information, contact Brungardt, at 785-628-5592 or email@example.com.
The CCL is a nationally recognized institute for citizen leadership development. Through its many programs, the CCL provides high-quality educational programs and initiatives designed to enhance civic leadership capabilities among participants.
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WEDNESDAY, July 31, 2013 – Boys push, hit hard, and twist arms. Girls tend to slap, choke, and yell. Regardless of the method, dating violence has become alarmingly common among adolescents, according to research presented today at the American Psychological Association's (AMA) 121st Annual Convention in Honolulu. It was revealed that about one in three American youths ages 14 to 20 say they have been victims of dating violence or have been violent toward a date — with girls reportedly on an equal footing with boys when it comes to violent behavior.
The data is part of the yet-to-be-published Growing Up With Media study that analyzed information collected from 1,058 young people in 2011 and 2012. "These rates of adolescent dating violence are alarming and suggest that dating violence is simply too common among our youth," said researcher Michele Ybarra, PhD, MPH, with the Center for Innovative Public Health Research, based in San Clemente, Calif., in a statement issued by the APA.
The Bullying Link to Dating Abuse
A separate presentation by researchers Sabina Low, PhD, of Arizona State University, and Dorothy L. Espelage, PhD, of the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, explored the relationship between childhood bullying and teen dating. They found that children who were bulled were seven times more likely to engage in teen dating violence toward a partner.
Low and Espelage began following bullying behavior in 1,600 fifth and sixth graders almost five years ago for a study funded by the CDC and National Institute of Justice. They narrowed down an original sample group to 625 teens, surveying those youths every year for five years, following them into high school.
“We actually looked at bullying perpetration between fifth and sixth grade (10 and 11 years old) with four types of teen dating violence perpetration in high school (14 and 15 years old),” said researcher Espelage, who is a professor of educational psychology. The types of violence were:
- Verbal. Name-calling, put-downs
- Relational. Embarrassing someone in front of friends or getting your friends not to like someone, which is an isolating factor
- Physical. Choking, biting, and pushing.
- Sexual. Forcing a partner to have sex or kiss you
“Bullies remain bullies, they just change conduct,” Espelage concluded, based on responses over times from the children surveyed. As they got older, some of these youths were “hitting violently," she said, noting that the study looked at unwanted violent behavior, not playful punches and smacks.
Espelage pointed out that researchers in this field fall into two distinct categories: those who believe that women are as tough and aggressive as men and as likely to abuse, and those who believe even aggressive women are more fearful than men that they will be abused again. Although they did not specifically ask about fear in their study, she said, in her 20 years of research she has found that while males and females may be equal in the number of violent acts they engage in, their feelings about the experience may be different.
"If you measure fear and severity you would find that girls are much more fearful of it happening again,” she said. “When a boy hits a girl, most girls are fearful, and are more likely to be sent to the hospital because it’s a severe hit than if a girl punches [a boy]. I’ve said that they are equally aggressive, but if we measured fear, the girls would be more fearful of the boys.”
One surprise finding with both sexes was that teens tend to justify violence and conditions in which it is okay to hit your dating partner. “In fact, 25 percent of boys and girls in high school say that if they cheated on you, you should be able to hit them, and if your partner makes you jealous you should hit them. It’s amazing to me!” said Espelage.
The New Culture of Dating Violence
David Sack, MD, who is board certified in psychiatry, addiction psychiatry, and addiction medicine, has dealt with dating violence issues. “The results are consistent with previous studies on dating violence among teens,” he said of the new research. “We know that teens who perpetrate violence are equally likely to be victims of violence, whether in the same relationship or a future relationship.”
He explained the dynamics of teen dating violence: “Dating violence often starts with emotional or psychological abuse such as teasing, threatening, or trying to control a partner’s behavior or appearance, and then may escalate to physical or sexual abuse,” said Dr. Sack, who is CEO of Promises Treatment Centers in Malibu and Los Angeles. “Technology, including the Internet and text messaging, has made it possible to bully and harass relationship partners even in the absence of face-to-face contact.”
In adult relationships, women more frequently report abuse than men, but both males and females report abuse in the teen years, according to Sack. “The aggression in teen relationships appears to be mutual,” he said. “However, there are some gender differences. There is some evidence that girls are more likely to slap, hit, kick and yell, while boys are more likely to commit types of physical or sexual abuse that cause physical and emotional injury.”
Boys and girls may also have different motivations for abuse in a relationship. “Girls report engaging in dating violence in self-defense, in response to emotional pain or to show anger, while boys are more likely to use violence to control their partner or in response to getting hit first,” said Sack.
Future Relationships for Kids Caught in Dating Violence
Abusive dating habits often stem from abuse witnessed and experienced in the home, evolve into teen dating violence, and then continue down the path to adult domestic violence.
“Teen dating abuse is strongly correlated with relationship problems in adulthood,” said Sack. “Studies have found that teens who were in abusive relationships in adolescence were two to three times more likely to be in violent relationships as adults. They may have difficulty establishing intimacy and may be at increased risk of sex, love and romance addictions later on.”
He says victims of teen dating violence may also have trouble in school, abuse drugs and alcohol, struggle with depression and antisocial behaviors, attempt suicide, become overly dependent on others, engage in disordered eating behaviors such as abusing laxatives or vomiting to lose weight, and develop a negative self-image.
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Law discussion: That Farrell tackle
@rugby365com‘s law guru Paul Dobson analyses the most contentious incident of the past week.
The clock at Twickenham was running past 80 in the match between England and South Africa, with England leading 12-11.
The South Africans are in their 15th phase when a poor pass from Embrose Papier bounces along behind the backs on the left. Centre André Esterhuizen collects the ball and keeps running across the field, slightly forward. He is approaching the England 10-metre line when Owen Farrell of England stops his run.
The ball comes loose, England kicks it out and the referee blows the final whistle.
The referee had received a “check-check” from the TMO and consults him. There are replays showing what happened – that Farrell turned side on and the hard knob of the right shoulder made strong contact with Esterhuizen’s upper chest.
The referee makes his decision, saying: “There is enough of a wrap on the far side.”
And so he does not penalise Farrell and the match ends.
This decision has angered South African supporters.
Let’s go to law and reason for the law.
Law 9.16 A player must not charge or knock down an opponent carrying the ball without attempting to grasp that player.
Farrell charged and knocked down the opponent, and it was the head of the humerus that made hard contact with Esterhuizen.
Farrell’s right arm made no attempt to grasp Esterhuizen. Farrell’s left arm does move forward. That is “on the far side” that the referee is referring to.
Test yourself. Push the knob of your right shoulder forward and see what a weapon you have.
Do it again and this time lift your right arm, and you see how that knob falls back and is no longer a hard weapon.
Push your right shoulder forward again and lift your left arm forward as high as you like and notice that the knob of the right shoulder does not retreat. It remains a weapon.
In insisting that the player attempt to grasp the opponent is simply to depower the knob of the shoulder, the “sharp shoulder”. It did not happen in this case.
It would seem that there was a strong case for a penalty
It would probably have been penalised if it had happened 20 minutes earlier but it seems a rule – unwritten, of course – that referees should not penalise in the dying minutes of a match but leave the players up to decide the final score. That is not right. The laws apply through the duration of a match.
The penalty would have been about 15 metres in from touch and 42 metres from the England goal-line. It was a much harder kick than the conversion and the penalty in front of the posts that South Africa had missed. Kicking out for a line-out would have been far too great a risk as earlier wayward five-metre line-outs had shown.
There is no point in blaming the referee for “costing” the Springboks the match. He had not overthrown line-outs, missed kicks at goal, gone offside or even knocked on. They did that all by themselves.
By the way, understanding why a law exists is helpful.
By Paul Dobson
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Our ancestors weren’t blessed with smartphones, WiFi and Amazon Prime, but for what it’s worth they did have a little extra DNA. According to a study published today in Science, Homo sapiens have shed about 40.7 million base pairs of DNA since migrating out of Africa nearly two million years ago.
The human genome’s 3 billion base pairs—chemicals represented by the letters A,T,G, and C—are often likened to a set of blueprints, or an instruction book. But this analogy doesn’t quite do justice to the fact that evolution has made a crazy mess of our autobiography. Pieces of the human genome are constantly being rewritten, duplicated, and crossed out for no good reason. You’d be better off imagining a book that a four-year-old with scissors and a copy machine got his hands on.
Nevertheless, brave scientists are trying to make sense of the human genome to reconstruct our evolutionary history. By comparing copies of the genome between populations, we can start to piece together how human populations have evolved and diverged over time.
DNA deletions were used to trace common relationships among groups of humans. Longer lines indicate groups with more deletions. Image credit: P. Sudmandt et al 2015, via Science News
That’s exactly what the authors of the new study did, by sequencing the genomes of 236 individuals from 125 distinct populations. Their results showed that our ancestors shed about 15.8 million base pairs of DNA before leaving Africa. As populations spread across Earth’s continents, they jettisoned additional chunks of DNA here and there. But certain populations have also been gaining DNA, mostly through duplication events where portions of the genetic code were accidentally copied and passed on.
Does the net loss of DNA over time really matter? After all, despite what you may have learned on Star Trek, we’re not about to de-evolve into a clan of eyeless fish. Maybe evolution is just trimming the fat? Could be! This is the first time scientists have comprehensively documented the loss (and gain) of large chunks of DNA, and we’ve got a long ways to go before we can say what it all means.
But scientists suspect that DNA loss and duplication events could be important evolutionary driving forces. For instance, some groups of people have up to six copies of CLPS genes, which encode pancreatic enzymes that may reduce blood sugar levels. And certain populations in Africa carry gene duplications that may protect against sleeping sickness caused by trypanosome parasites. Scientists are now flagging these interesting duplications for further study.
If there’s one takeaway, it’s that despite all the information at our fingertips, the very foundations of our biology are still a utter mystery.
Top image: Geographic location of populations sampled in the study, via Peter H. Sudmant
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Two cities in Ohio, Coshocton and Newark, are working with two very different forms of alternative energy and fuels. Niama-Reisser, based in Coshocton, Ohio, is working on a high-mileage car that is capable of 200 miles per gallon. Yes, you read that right: 200 miles per gallon. I don’t pretend to be an engineer, but from what I understood, the engine runs on some sort of centrifugal force.
Now, what I know about centrifugal force wouldn’t fill a thimble. My only experience was a mad scientist experiment that I did in elementary school which involved placing a plant on a record player (that shows my age!) and sending it spinning around. Since the turntable was on its side (I’ve no idea why that was), the whole rotation took on a rather lop-sided turn. I think the whole idea was to see how the plant would be affected by spinning on its side. However, the length of the experiment didn’t allow much time for the plant to grow, and I think the poor plant was traumatized by constantly falling off the turntable; there’s only so much hold to duct tape. I think I got an “A,” most likely because the teacher felt sorry for me! But I digress.
The car itself is cute, although I admit, that probably isn’t an adjective that will make all the car-crazy men go rushing out to buy one. But 200 miles per gallon from a diesel engine is pretty darn amazing. I hope this car is on the market soon. Our Toyota gets pretty good gas mileage but no-where near 200 mpg!
The other city, Newark, had put out a request in April for bids for companies to use solar power to run the city’s waste-water treatment plant. The best part (besides how happy the Earth will be with this clean energy) is that much of the products and work done will come from Ohio companies, creating Ohio jobs. This is such a wonderful idea. No matter how you feel about global warming (something I believe in), solar energy is better than coal. Coal burning plants place so many chemicals into the air (mercury, sulfur dioxide) that aren’t healthy for anyone to breath in.
And the trees that we will be planting in the arboretum will also help the planet by cleaning up our air and water. It’s all good.
Until next time…and have a happy Fourth of July!
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About Supreme Court dockets
The Kansas Supreme Court reserves dates each year on which to consider cases, typically by hearing oral arguments.
When the Supreme Court schedules a case to be considered, it puts the case on a "docket," or a listing of cases for each date the court is in session. Once a docket is filled with cases, it is posted here.
The docket lists each case to be heard, the time it will be heard, and how much time each side has to make its arguments to the Supreme Court. Attorneys can choose to use some or all of the time allotted, and the Supreme Court may extend time for argument if there are questions from the bench.
The Supreme Court files its decisions with the Clerk of the Appellate Courts weekly, usually on Friday mornings. These decisions are posted on this website within one hour of their release.
Closed captioning information
September 12–16, 2022
October 3–4, 2022 (travel docket)
October 24–27, 2022
December 12–16, 2022
January 30–February 3, 2023
March 27–31, 2023
May 2–3, 2023 (travel docket)
May 15–19, 2023
September 11–15, 2023
October 30–November 3, 2023
November 14–15, 2023 (travel docket)
December 11–15, 2023
Recent past dockets
Recent past dockets listed by year.
Past Supreme Court dockets
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This page is about emulating Android apps and games on PC as it is slowly building off an important library of exclusives, and emulation coupled with CheatEngine is certainly interesting. If you're interested in emulators for your Android phone, check this page instead.
Android is a mobile operating system (OS) based on the Linux kernel and currently developed by Google. Unlike iPhone, as well as older cell-phone models and older Japanese Galapagos mobile phones, emulating Android software on PC is more developed.
Like with DS emulators, the computer mouse is used to emulate touch screen presses (which can be less than ideal in many cases), and the keyboard emulates the button controller add-ons. Some emulators support X360 controllers as well with some more tweaks.
Android apps come in the apk file format (occasionally coupled with obb files). Just like its iOS equivalent (ipa files), their innards can be opened as a regular zip file.
|Genymotion||Windows, Mac, Linux||2.4.0 (Official Site)||✓ (Non-Dev Versions)||✓||High||✓✓|
|BlueStacks||Windows, Linux||Official Site||✓||✗||Mid||✓|
|Google Chrome||Windows, Mac, Linux, Chrome OS||duh||✓||✗||Mid||✗|
- Genymotion is an Android emulator with hardware-accelerated 3D graphics and USB host support, available for Windows, Mac and Linux. In its latest versions, it has pretty good compatibility with commercial games. It's a commercial product though, aimed at software developers and QA teams. You'll need to create an account and download the free non-commercial use license available (paid builds add features only useful for Android app developers).
Setting up the emulator itself is not too hard, but a bit of tinkering is required to add the Google Play store and ARM processor emulation (what you need essentially here to play the commercial releases) as well as Xbox 360 controller support. Not noob-friendly, but if you're experienced enough with Android to know your way around a rooted filesystem it shouldn't be too hard.
- Bluestacks is also commercial with a free option (no account required). It's less good than Genymotion, and doesn't handle USB cable emulation. Previous versions used to come with an installer with adware, comes with junk apps within the emulator, and has a non-intuitive uninstaller, but that's no longer the case today. It includes Google Apps by default, though you'll need to "root" it to load apk files to your liking.
- andyroid works too, though the company behind it did adware before previously.
- Recently, Google Chrome can open apk files too, though their emulation on PC is average at best. Here's a compatibility list and a dedicated subreddit.
- android-x86 can be a decent alternative too if run inside virtualbox.
Emulation of other Mobile Phones
Info dump here, each one will need to be moved to own article once enough info is gathered.
- iOS (iPhone, iPad): Doesn't seem to really exist in the same way as with Android. So-called "iOS emulators" like iPadian are just recreations of a select few popular iOS apps, with no real emulation involved. Supposedly, a Mac-exclusive "simulator" in a iOS app development suite has mid-compatibility emulation of commercial games through some tricking it to believe it's part of the dev project (needs verification).
- J2ME: KEmulator, close sourced & dead.
- Other Western cell-phones (Ex, ...): some very rough emulators, colose sourced, dead
- N-Gage: preserved but unemulated
- Galapagos Japanese cell-phones (DoCoMo, i-mode, RoiD...): jar files with specific shell. Absolutely nothing in emulation or preservation. One iOS app supposedly emulated them but it's not clear if that one isn't just another iPadian scam.
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I went out of my dorm to grab breakfast on a Saturday morning.
Blows lightly –
This week, we focused on one of the most famous poets of Edo Period, Matsuo Bashō, and his work’s ingrained influence on Japanese culture. With the development of haiku, Bashō explores the contrasting notion of evanescence and form in his poems, which repeatedly describe the natural environment surrounding him. As he’s aestheticizing nature in its most original and simplest form, his poems possess “timeless validity” (Oku 15). His poetic concept centers on this idea of fueki ryuko. Ryuko represents the beauty and simplicity of a particular moment he experiences over the course of his journey, encompassed in his diary The Narrow Road to Oku, while fueki serves as the Oku, or “the interior”, the unchanging basis of how a poem is constructed. Using these conditions, Basho emphasizes the contrasting, yet binding relationship between change and transcendental order. His poems reflect the bond through his momentary depictions of nature formulated within certain boundaries of kata. The binding of fueki and ryuko comes from the very foundation of poetry – “sincerity of a refined heart (makoto)” (Inouye 74) that motivates one to embrace the constantly changing truth. Only through a sincerity of emotion can one merge with nature and reach a “selfless state free of personal desire” (Inouye 77). His poems aim to convey how nothing can be everything, enabling a person with such state to be easily affected by changes and appreciate those changes through an open-minded perspective. He portrays this Zen belief through his poem: “Spring is passing by!/ Birds are weeping and the eye/ Of fish fill with tears.” (Oku 23) In this poem, Basho describes the changing season of spring as constant, depicting the notion of evanescence. Moreover, he illustrates the sincerity of the moment by having nothingness, making him blend in with the evanescence of environment and manifesting “birds” and “fish” as nonsymbolic representations that forces one to visualize the present objects or subjects as important as they are by nature.
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Gyanvapi Mosque: Courts Must Remember the Purpose of Places of Worship Act
The courts must be vigilant about the effect, affect, and consequences of their orders in such delicate matters.
The Places of Worship (Special Provisions) Act ,1991 was introduced as a measure to provide and develop glorious traditions of love, peace, and harmony.
The object of the Act is to prohibit conversion of any place of worship – and to provide for the maintenance of the religious character of any such place as it existed on the 15th day of August 1947.
The Places of Worship (Special Provisions) Act
Section 3 of the Act extends prohibition of conversion of any place of worship.
Section 4 provides that "If, on the commencement of this Act, any suit, appeal or other proceeding with respect to the conversion of the religious character of any place of worship, existing on the 15th day of August, 1947, is pending before any Court, tribunal or other authority, the same shall abate, and no suit, appeal or other proceeding with respect to any such matter shall lie on or after such commencement in any Court, tribunal or other authority: Provided that if any suit, appeal or other proceeding, instituted or filed on the ground that conversion has taken place in the religious character of any such place after the 15th day of August, 1947, is pending on the commencement of this Act, such suit, appeal or other proceeding shall not so abate and every such suit, appeal or other proceeding shall be disposed of in accordance with the provisions of sub-section (1)."
This enactment was opposed vociferously by the Bharatiya Janta Party (BJP) on the floor of the Parliament as well as on public platforms with assertion that it is nothing but an effort to appease minorities.
The Supreme Court, however, in the Ram Janmabhoomi-Babri Masjid case, found this law as a great measure to protect the secular fabric of the Indian society.
The apex court also observed that in pressing the character of places of public worship, the Parliament has mandated in no uncertain terms that history and its wrongs shall not be used as instrument to oppress the present and the future.
The Suit in the Varanasi Court
A district court at Varanasi is now adjudicating a suit seeking the “restoration” of a temple at the site of the Gyanvapi Mosque.
The suit was filed on behalf of deities – Shiva, Maa Shringar Gauri, and Ganesh – by certain individuals who allege that the temple was destroyed on orders of Aurangzeb in 1699.
The court not only sought responses from the Centre, the Uttar Pradesh government, Varanasi district magistrate, Varanasi senior superintendent of police, the managers of the mosque, the board of trustees of the adjoining Kashi Vishawanath Temple, and the Uttar Pradesh Muslim Personal Law Board, but on an application, has now passed an order to have the mosque surveyed by a commission appointed by it. Report of the commission is to be submitted on 17 May.
The case appears to be a part of an agenda to raise and agitate the issues relating to the places of worship which were said to be converted centuries ago. This, and the efforts alike are causing serious injuries to communal harmony.
On the face of it, the legal course adopted appears to be in conflict with the provisions of the Act of 1991. The court before calling report should have decided the issue pertaining to the application of the Act aforesaid.
This issue is also pending consideration before the Supreme Court though no interim order has been passed staying the survey ordered, but the appropriate course even for the trial court was not to pursue for the survey till having a mandate on the issue by the apex court.
Why Courts Need to Be Vigilant
The courts must be vigilant about the effect, affect, and consequences of their orders in such delicate matters. In the instant matter, there is no such urgency that may warrant a report of survey at this stage.
Be that as it may, now it is for the Supreme Court to examine the entire issue. The verdict of the apex court will have far-reaching consequences.
The court, while dealing with the matter about application of the Act of 1991, should also keep in mind the purpose and object of this enactment, and the consequences, if such kind of litigation be permitted to be adjudicated by legal forums.
In entirety, the secular fabric of our country is at stake and that is to be protected in any case.
(Justice Govind Mathur is a former Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court. This is an opinion piece and the views expressed are the author’s own. The Quint neither endorses nor is responsible for them.)
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Nagpur based Orange City Hospital & Research Institute; owned by Ravi Nair Hospitals Private Limited is always at the forefront of extending healthcare services to the local communities in and around its area as a part of its community development initiatives. As part of OCHRI’s 25th Anniversary;AADHAR Physiotherapy Clinic is conducting a subsidized camp for patients in need of physiotherapy. Physiotherapy can be helpful for people of all ages with a wide range of health conditions, including problems affecting the bones, joints, soft tissue, nervous system and lungs.
This is an initiative towards awareness and its advance treatments modalities for patients suffering from various muculo- skeletal problems.Dr. Atul Dekate-OCHRI Physiotherapist informed that, “Physiotherapy helps to restore movement and function when someone is affected by injury, illness or disability. It can also help to reduce risk of injury or illness in the future.”
During this two-day camp; assessment, treatment and physiotherapy counselling will be provided by TEAM of Physiotherapists led by Dr. Atul Dekate for patients suffering from various types of joint pains, arthritis,spondylitis, radiculopathy, mechanical back & neck pain, muscular and neurological issues like paralysis, facial palsy, cerebral palsy etc.Patients suffering from muscular/ structural problems, fractures, paralysis,COPD, sports injury and Senior Citizens should take advantage of this camp.
The camp is scheduled on 20th & 21st November, 2021 between 11am to 5pm in
OCHRI Physiotherapy Division based in Ground floor. Subsidized charges of Rs.50/- will only be levied per session.
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<urn:uuid:0037fd5f-321e-4b4a-a34c-88e1bd02afb4>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://thelivenagpur.com/2021/11/17/ochri-physiotherapy-restorative-camp-on-20th-21st-nov/
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(CBS News) COLLEGE POINT, Md. - On this date in 1957, the U.S. conducted one of the most important tests of the atomic age.
A nuclear-tipped missile was fired and detonated in the skies over the Nevada desert.
But what was happening on the ground at that moment seems beyond comprehension today.
Five men voluntarily stood there as the weapon exploded 18,000 feet over their heads.
The test was the only one of its kind, and it was all captured on film, which is now held at the National Archives.
It was a little after sunrise when five officers of the U.S. Air Defense Command, wearing only their summer uniforms, took their positions next to a sign reading "Ground Zero, population 5."
They counted down the seconds as two Air Force F-89 jets swooped overhead, until one fired a nuclear-tipped air-to-air missile about one-eighth the size of the A-bomb that was dropped on Hiroshima.
There was a blinding flash as the 1.73 kiloton weapon detonated.
"We felt a heat pulse, a very bright light," one of the witnesses is heard saying on the film. "A fireball, it is red. The sky looks black about it. It is boiling above us."
Thirteen seconds later came the sound of the blast wave.
"It is tremendous -- directly above our heads!" the voice says. "It was a huge fireball. A perfect, perfect shot!"
There was a sixth man there that day - George Yoshitake, a civilian cameraman working with the Air Force. He wasn't told the test was directly overhead until he arrived.
"I remembered I had a baseball cap, and I thought, 'I'd better wear that, just in case,"' Yoshitake recalls.
Afterward, he found out that the film he was making was to be government propaganda.
"It was a publicity stunt to show the American public how safe it was during an atomic bomb," Yoshitake says, "and if there was a war or something, with atomic bombs going off, that it was going to be safe for the general public."
By the late '50s, Americans were fearful of nuclear attack.
Duck-and-cover drills - laughable today - were held to teach Americans how it was thought they could get some shelter.
Back then, the U.S. didn't yet have intercontinental ballistic missiles, so if Soviet bombers attacked, the missile fired in that test was America's only defense.
"That was basically to show that life can go on as normal with these nuclear air-to-air rockets exploding in the sky!" explains Peter Kuran, a filmmaker who's done documentaries on nuclear testing.
He researched the footage of the test with its human subjects and stitched it together.
He wasn't surprised at what he found.
"They wanted to show that this was really no big deal. And they did everything they could to say, 'Well, this is no big deal,"' Kuran says.
The five human guinea pigs didn't seem to think so, either.
"My only regrets right now are," a voice on the film says, "this is Col. Bruce - that everybody couldn't have been out here at Ground Zero with us. ... Folks, it was just a wonderful thrill."
"Yeah, we all had a good time," Yoshitake says. "They were very happy it went off. In fact, there was one guy who passed out cigars. I remember they were all smoking and slapping each other and shaking hands that they survived."
Officials measured radiation on the ground at the time and said it was negligible.
Yoshitake also filmed a lot of other nuclear testing in the '50s and '60s. He's still going strong at 83.
He says that, at the time, he "just thought it was another job; didn't give it too much thought. But then again, I was young."
Only one of other five men, Don Lutrel, is still alive. He's 88.
He told us that all six people who were there that day have had cancer, but there's no definite link to that day.
Yoshitake says he has no regrets about taking part in the test.
Still -- asked if he would do it now, he said, "I'm going to have think about that a little bit."
To see Bill Plante's report, inlcuding the film of the 1957 test, click on the video in the player above.
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http://www.cbsnews.com/news/how-not-to-watch-an-overhead-nuclear-test/
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Events from the history of the Classic World of Darkness.
“In Noddist mythology, Gehenna is the Kindred eschaton. It is the time when the Antediluvians...Gehenna (event)
“It is said that the majority of vampires have a sense of impending doom during the Final Nights...Final Nights
“The Deluge, or Great Flood, was a gigantic flood sent by God that destroyed the First City of...Deluge
“Sixth Great Maelstrom, is a term used by Wraiths to describe a violent superstorm that happened...Sixth Great Maelstrom
This category has only the following subcategory.
- [×] Werewolf: The Apocalypse events (14 P)
Pages in category "Classic World of Darkness events"
The following 70 pages are in this category, out of 70 total.
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<urn:uuid:01e8d7c0-2524-4e7b-b619-d744d87aeab4>
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://whitewolf.wikia.com/wiki/Category:Classic_World_of_Darkness_events
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|
en
| 0.855106
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Just one month after Gov. Gavin Newsom and state lawmakers passed a record-breaking $308 billion budget, some economic signs in California are getting worse.
According to a report released Monday by the nonpartisan Legislative Analyst’s Office, which advises lawmakers on financial matters, it is more likely than not that California will bring in less from personal income, sales, and corporation taxes than the $210 billion assumed in the 2022-23 budget.
The report says, however, that there is still “significant uncertainty,” and the state could end up getting anywhere from $25 billion less than expected to as much as $15 billion more. Most likely, the state will get about $5 billion less than expected.
A recent report from the state Department of Finance gives a similarly mixed outlook. For the first time since the pandemic started in early 2020, California’s tax revenues in June fell short of projections instead of exceeding them. The amount of money brought in was about $2.4 billion less than expected. This was mostly because less money came in from the personal income tax.
H.D. Palmer, a finance department spokesperson, told me on Monday that more data is needed to make “long-term extrapolations,” but that the June numbers suggest that Californians who pay their taxes quarterly and make most of their money from capital gains and stock options see “a lot of clouds on the horizon” because of rising inflation and interest rates, problems with the supply chain that keeps coming back, and global market instability caused by Russia’s war on Ukraine.
Palmer said that the two reports show “how important the steps we’ve taken have been” to use California’s budget surplus “sensibly” by building up reserves and paying down debt instead of “starting a major expansion of state programs that may not be sustainable.”
He also said, “It’s something to keep in mind as we think about the last month of the legislative session and any major new financial commitments we might make.” There’s no doubt that the government is keeping an eye on this as we look at the legislation that’s moving.”
Newsom used California’s progressive tax structure to explain why he was against Proposition 30, a measure on the November ballot that would raise taxes on people making more than $2 million to pay for several climate programs.
Newsom: “California’s tax revenues are notoriously unstable, and this measure would make our state’s finances even more unstable, all so that special interests can benefit.”
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<urn:uuid:3e38a7d5-1044-49bb-bb88-20119a8e9b15>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://californiaexaminer.net/economic-downturn/
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en
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Transport is a major contributor to determinants of population health. Adverse health impacts are greatest in rapidly urbanising and motorising lower and middle income country cities.
In 2016 there were an estimated 1.3 million road traffic deaths, 4.3 million deaths from outdoor air pollution, and 1.4 million from low physical activity. Road transport produces around 17% of energy-related greenhouse gas emissions, and this is rising. Transport systems need to shift away from the car towards more active and sustainable modes.
Many cities are investing in policies to support walking, cycling (including electric assist bikes), and transit, and wrong decisions have high costs. However, we lack academically rigorous and practically useful tools to estimate the health impact of these policies. The need to better integrate health evidence with transport research and decision-making is a major research gap - and opportunity.
Aim and Objectives
The aim of GLASST is to create methods, models, and tools to support inclusion of health into transport decision making.
It does this through three objectives and corresponding work streams:
- To develop methods and computer programs that allow researchers to compare health impact models and data. By collating and comparing models across many settings and scenario I will identify the circumstances in which variation in model structure and parameters makes an important difference to model results. This information will be used to create and test models for new settings and problems.
- To integrate health impact modelling methods with the models used by transport researchers. This will make health impacts visible to transport planners. I will investigate the added value that land use/transport models can bring to health impact modelling from improved spatial and temporal detail and following households’ residential location over time.
- To use the methods from (1) and findings from (1) and (2) to work towards developing a global city-level model and tool that utilises the best data available in any setting to create comparable exposure and disease estimates. Initially this will be based on archetypical cities for world regions. This will transform the opportunities for me and others to undertake modelling health impacts of transport policies and scenarios across the world.
In doing this GLASST will create new knowledge relevant to settings across the world from the lowest to the highest income countries.
Christian Brand (TSU) is leading the carbon impact assessment and valuation in Work Streams 1 and 3.
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<urn:uuid:ad8dd857-9f07-49bf-82a4-d2b5d89c0470>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.tsu.ox.ac.uk/research/glasst/index.html
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00669.warc.gz
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en
| 0.924322
| 481
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It’s somewhat ironic that I’m starting my second database programming related post with the same “I was looking for a certain solution but I couldn’t find any” passage. The difference is, this time it’s a problem more general than querying a weighted list: how to handle complex changes in a distributed database.
In the RDBMS world, a single transaction lets you do as many operations as you like, on as many tables or rows as you like. Lacking proper design and forward thinking though, more often than not this practice leads to hogging a significant portion of your resources.
Distributed databases can’t let this happen, so they introduce certain limitations to transactions. In Google App Engine (GAE) datastore for example, you can operate on rows of the same type having a common ancestor (rows, or entities as they’re called in GAE may have parent-children relationships ensuring that all entities on the same tree are stored on the same server). Bad design will still lead to problems (e.g. storing all your data on the same tree) but this way it’s your app that gets screwed not the database.
The lazy way
While this is generally good news, you’re faced with a new problem: handling changes that depend on the outcome of others. Here’s an example: you’re adding a new entry to the table (model in GAE) “grades” in a school database. You’ll have to keep the corresponding row, identified by the student, subject and semester, in the table “averages”, in sync. The lazy way of doing this would be performing the following steps in one transaction:
- Add row to grades
- Calculate new average
- Update average
‘By’ instead of ‘to’
There is a solution however, with two transactions, or more in more complex cases. In the last step of the above example, instead of changing the average (or rather the sum) to a certain value we’d change it by a certain value in a separate, “delta” transaction. The figure below demonstrates the difference between the two. At the top you see the timeline of two conventional transactions and below their overlapping delta equivalents.
Advantages of delta transactions:
- Isolated changes remain consistent.
- You can still roll back a batch of changes from code as delta transactions don’t care about subsequent changes as long as they are reversible and commutative.
- Using more, but shorter transactions (often operating on a single entity) there’s lower chance of concurrency.
- Even if concurrency occurs, fewer re-tries will be enough to avoid failure.
The obvious constraint to delta transactions is that they are only applicable to numeric values.
Considering how often this is needed, I was expecting some support for this kind of transactions in NoSQL based platforms. GAE features a method called get_or_insert() which is similar in a sense that it wraps a transaction that inserts the specified row (entity) before returning it, in case it doesn’t exist. But there could just as well be a method delta_or_insert(), that either inserts the specified row (entity) with the arguments as initial values if it doesn’t exist, or updates it with the arguments added, multiplied, etc. to the currently stored values.
Moreover, there could be support for rollback too, using delta transaction lists, and even the possibility to evaluate expressions only when they are needed would be a great one. Features like these that simplify transactions while increasing application stability and data integrity would be much appreciated I think by many developers new to these recent platforms.
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<urn:uuid:0fb1093f-1ee0-4c49-9620-972750b21d2d>
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CC-MAIN-2016-44
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https://collectiveweb.wordpress.com/tag/delta-transaction/
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en
| 0.923774
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Context: Public health practitioners and researchers often refer to state public health systems as being centralized, decentralized, shared, or mixed. These categories refer to governance of the local public health units within the state and whether they operate under the authority of the state government, local government, shared state and local governance, or a mix of governance structures within the state.
Objective: This article describes the development of an objective method of classifying states as centralized, decentralized, shared, or mixed. We also discuss some initial analyses that have been conducted to identify how public health resources and activities vary across states with different classifications.
Design: Cross-sectional study.
Setting: State health agencies.
Participants: Survey respondents were organizational leaders from all 50 state health agencies.
Main Outcome Measure(s): Total full-time equivalent employees, total health agency expenditures, expenditures on clinical services, and provision of clinical services.
Results: Centralized state health agencies employ more full-time equivalent employees, have higher total expenditures, and provide more clinical services than decentralized state health agencies. Although higher expenditures on clinical services were observed, these differences were not statistically significant.
Conclusions: It is important to take governance classification into account when investigating variation in services, resources, or performance of governmental public health systems. As public health systems and services researchers seek to identify best practices in the organization of public health systems, consistent definition of different types of organization is critical. This system provides an objective and reliable system for classifying governance relationships that allows for comparisons that are meaningful to both practitioners and researchers.
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<urn:uuid:d6722ce2-71ce-4729-b307-62027262420a>
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://journals.lww.com/jphmp/Abstract/2012/11000/Governance_Typology___A_Consensus_Classification.6.aspx
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en
| 0.943752
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A prototype is a preliminary model of something. Projects that offer physical products need to show backers documentation of a working prototype. This gallery features photos, videos, and other visual documentation that will give backers a sense of what’s been accomplished so far and what’s left to do. Though the development process can vary for each project, these are the stages we typically see:
Proof of Concept
Explorations that test ideas and functionality.
Demonstrates the functionality of the final product, but looks different.
Looks like the final product, but is not functional.
Appearance and function match the final product, but is made with different manufacturing methods.
Appearance, function, and manufacturing methods match the final product.
The Smart Garden 9 is a meticulously designed, self-growing garden that revolutionizes how fresh food is grown.
From crisp kale and spicy chilli to sweet strawberry and calming mint, this self-growing garden helps all plants thrive, automatically making sure they have the right amounts of water, light, oxygen, and nutrients. With healthy foods grown right on your windowsill, you can enjoy a higher quality of life 24/7.
Most people don’t have a backyard or the time to garden. But does this mean they should have to forgo quality for the spray-covered, “fresh” food supermarkets offer? We don't think so (and neither, we’re betting, do you!)
Our system is the easiest indoor gardening solution on the market, and it involves far less noise than the hydroponic systems. All you have to do is fill the water tank, plug the garden in and boom! - the Smart Garden 9 takes it from there.
With more than 7 years of R&D under our belts, we've spent a long time developing the backbone of our gardens: TheSmart Soil. This 100% safe, nanotech material supplies plant roots with the right amount of oxygen, water and nutrients at all times. It's no regular soil, but a material that breathes with the plant and evenly disperses air and water mixture based on the plant's needs. Made of natural materials, the Smart Soil is biodegradable.
Our Smart Gardens are neither hydroponic nor aeroponic, but use a completely unique technology that grows food without using pesticides, herbicides or any other harmful substances.
“The single greatest lesson the garden teaches is that our relationship to the planet need not be zero-sum … [we can] provide for ourselves without diminishing the world.” -Michael Pollan
This quote by the renowned journalist Michael Pollan hints at why so many things are wrong with today’s food industry. Increasing urbanization has distanced us from nature and the knowledge of how to grow food sustainably. We at Click & Grow want to change this.
With our Smart Gardens, you can easily get back to growing your own food and stop buying into the waste (of energy, resources, harvests, and more) that defines corporate farming.
The Smart Garden 9 is small enough to perfectly fit any apartment, yet big enough to transform the way you eat.
Grow anything from tomatoes and parsley to trees and flowers with your Smart Garden 9. Mix and match the wide variety of plants we offer to find the combination that’s right for you.
Click & Grow is the only technology that reduces the moisture level in the root zone in a very controlled manner, and thereby uses water stress to increase bioactive compounds (antioxidants) in plants. By doing this, we've been able to raise the percentage of antioxidants in some of our plants by almost 600% that of store-bought alternatives. Keep in mind - this is done without using any chemicals or fertilisers! Our system is completely safe and clean.
The antioxidants found in our plants, such as vitamin C, vitamin A and rosmarinic acid, are widely used in dietary supplements and have been shown to help prevent cancer, coronary heart disease, and even altitude sickness. Basically, the more antioxidants of different natural sources you consume, the better your health.
Our technology is not only more sustainable than the current food production practices, but it also grows plants faster and helps them attain superior antioxidant levels. Instead of using the messy pumps, mixers, filters, nutrient applicators, etc. of other indoor gardening systems, we use simple materials and nanotechnology to help you get better results effortlessly.
Drawing upon material and plant science, our technology optimizes plant's growth cycles by carefully monitoring the factors that affect their growth on a micro level. This means we can keep pH, aeration, moisture, and nutrition right where the plants need them to be without relying on the expensive mechanical control systems of hydroponics.
THE SOIL. We've worked long and hard to create our Smart Soil, and thanks to this unique, patented nanomaterial, our Smart Gardens don’t need expensive sensors, pumps and filtering systems.
THE WATERING. Our advanced watering system uses safe sensors to continually distribute the perfect amount of water to each plant. This keeps your seedlings happy and healthy at all times. All you need to do is fill your Smart Garden’s water tank once every two months.
THE LIGHTING. The lights used in the Smart Garden 9 reduce light pollution through the use of highly transparent optics. The garden’s lamp mimics nature’s most efficient photosynthesis peaks and maintains a healthy and natural environment for the plants.
Better yet, the Smart Garden 9 features new OSRAM LEDs that offer maximal efficiency and the perfect spectra for photosynthesis. This means faster growth, a bigger yield, and less waste.
Are Smart Gardens connected to the internet or cloud?
There's a specific reason we didn't make this a connected product. Do you really need a 500$ garden kit with an app that allows you to turn the lights on and off? We didn't think so. We don't want to offer you a fun gadget, but a garden that will grow you fresh food. And this is exactly what the Smart Garden 9 is. The lights will be on, plants watered and nutritious even when the AI's finally take over the internet.
After successfully launching our second generation product on Kickstarter three years ago, we’re thrilled to present this new creation to the community that first helped us take off.
Today, more than 350 000 people have Click & Grow gardens, and in 2015 we asked these folks what they’d like to see from us next. More than 80% of respondents said they wanted to be able to grow more food, and more than 60% said nine plants would be the ideal size. Since we had so much support and love from the Kickstarter community when launching our previous product - the Smart Herb Garden -, we wanted to give you the first opportunity to get the Smart Garden 9!
Measurements: 23in x 5.5in x 11in / 59cm x 14cm x 28cm
Weight: 5,3 lb / 2,4kg
Growing capacities: 9 plants
Warranty: 1 year
Watering tank: 1,45 gallons/ 5,5 liters
10 LEDs; 10 000 lux
Over 35 different pre-seeded plant capsules with fruits, herbs, salads and flowers + plant your own seeds in the experimental seedless capsules
Subscriptions available (get up to 30% off retail price)
Fruits: Mini Tomato, Wild Strawberry, Chili Pepper, Sweet Paprika, Chillies, Physalis
Contact firstname.lastname@example.org for additional information.
Risks and challenges
Our core technology is solid and we've done this before, so we should be able to deliver all rewards promptly.
That said, production delays are possible (although unlikely). Manufacturing a product is complex and involves many co-dependent counterparts, parts and tools. If one thing doesn't go as planned, it may lead to delays. We don’t anticipate anything like this happening, but if it does, we promise to keep you in the loop!
The Smart Garden 9 Starter Kit comes with 4 lamp arm extensions: that's two extensions for each side. If you're interested in growing plants that grow even longer, we will be offering additional extensions on our website clickandgrow.com. This means you'll be able to grow any plant without worrying that it will hit the lamp. Yes, even the highest/tallest/longest ones.
Yes, although our plant variety includes more than 40 different plants, we understand you might want to grow something that's not on our list. That's why we're offering the seedless Experimental Capsule. You can plant your own seeds in the Experimental capsule and it will have the best growing environment possible. The Experimental capsules will help even the most difficult plants to sprout!
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<urn:uuid:16e3345f-b07e-4b99-95ea-03e1cf51000a>
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/mattiaslepp/the-smart-garden-your-solution-for-better-food
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|
en
| 0.920288
| 1,825
| 2.59375
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|
(CNN) -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao will attend a major U.N. climate-change summit next month in Denmark, a Foreign Ministry spokesman said Thursday.
Wen's attendance "will fully demonstrate the great importance the Chinese government attaches to this issue, as well as the political will of the Chinese government to cooperate with the international community," spokesman Qin Gang said at a news briefing.
Also on Thursday, China's State Council announced plans "to reduce the intensity of carbon dioxide emissions per unit" of gross domestic product in 2020 by 40 percent to 45 percent, compared with its 2005 level, state-run media reported.
The reductions will be "based on our own national conditions" and "is a major contribution to the global effort in tackling climate change," the State Council said, according to the Xinhua news agency.
The news followed U.S. President Barack Obama's announcement Wednesday that he would attend the summit, which is to run from December 7 to 18 in Copenhagen.
The executive secretary of the climate change conference welcomed the announcements from China and the United States but called for rich countries to come up with money to help poor countries meet their goals.
"The U.S. commitment to specific, mid-term emission cut targets and China's commitment to specific action on energy efficiency can unlock two of the last doors to a comprehensive agreement," Yvo de Boer said.
"We still await clarity from industrialized nations on the provision of large-scale finance to developing countries for immediate and long-term climate action," he added.
Obama is prepared to offer a goal of the United States reducing emissions to 17 percent below 2005 levels by 2020, the White House said in a news release.
The White House also reiterated Obama's goal of reducing U.S. emissions by 83 percent by 2050.
Asked about the U.S. offer of a 17 percent reduction, China spokesman Qin said: "The U.S. is the biggest developed country in the world, so it should shoulder its historical responsibilities and obligations, commensurate to its national development level. We also believe the relevant countries and international community should make efforts toward the success of the Copenhagen conference."
The announcements by China and the United States follow the world's top economic powers acknowledging earlier this month that there was no hope of a major breakthrough over climate change by year's end. They acknowledged that at the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Forum in Singapore, dimming hopes for the Copenhagen summit.
But Obama's decision to attend "flies in the face of predictions of failure in Copenhagen well before the conference even begins," said Oxfam America President Raymond C. Offenheiser.
The White House announcement coincided with a briefing from the U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change on what must be agreed upon in Copenhagen.
De Boer, the executive secretary, welcomed Obama's decision to attend the talks, saying his presence is "critical to a good outcome."
He said the United States is the only industrialized country that hasn't yet given the group a proposal for cutting carbon emissions. It is "politically critical" that the United States indicate what it can do "in numerical terms" to reduce its climate impact, he added.
Next month's climate talks aim to strike a deal on a successor agreement to the Kyoto Protocol, the 1997 pact that has legally binding targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The United States never ratified it, though more than 200 nations did.
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<urn:uuid:9bfd2908-803a-4f68-9148-8ecb4895c9f5>
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CC-MAIN-2016-44
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http://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/asiapcf/11/26/china.climate.emissions/index.html
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720845.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00087-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.956071
| 702
| 2.1875
| 2
|
A new analytical solution for water table fluctuations in coastal aquifers with sloping beaches
The Boussinesq equation appears as the zeroth-order term in the shallow water flow expansion of the non-linear equation describing the flow of fluid in an unconfined aquifer. One-dimensional models based on the Boussinesq equation have been used to analyse tide-induced water table fluctuations in coastal aquifers. Previous analytical solutions for a sloping beach are based on the perturbation parameter, epsilon(N) = alphaepsilon cot beta (in which beta is the beach slope, alpha is the amplitude parameter and epsilon is the shallow water parameter) and are limited to tan(-1) (alphaepsilon) much less than beta less than or equal to pi/2. In this paper, a new higher-order solution to the non- linear boundary value problem is derived. The results demonstrate the significant influence of the higher-order components and beach slope on the water table fluctuations.
Record created on 2005-12-09, modified on 2016-08-08
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Tuskegee Airman Laid to Rest
Sometimes it takes a while for history to catch up to delivering proper honor to those who deserve it. That could be said for Tuskegee Airman Edwin Cowan.
Marine Veteran Bill Muckler sent this statement:
The cremains of Tuskegee Airman Flight Officer Edwin Cowan and wife Theda were reinterred with full military honors at the Cape Canaveral National Cemetery on 7 February 2019 at 1500 Hours on a beautiful Florida day. The Cowans were originally buried in an unmarked grave without military honors.
A Celebration of Life was held at the Brevard Veterans Memorial Center afterward where twelve family members from four states were in attendance along with eleven Tuskegee Airmen and Associates. The Brevard Veterans Center was the driving and organizing force behind this inspiring 18 month project. Principles in the project were Ray Norman, USA; Bill Kowalcyk, UMC; Donn Weaver, USA; Chip Hanson, USMC; and Bill Muckler, USMC.
The Tuskegee Airmen began their storied careers in the first training program for black pilots at Tuskegee Field in Alabama. During WWII, the unit flew 15,000 sorties in 2 years of combat. Edwin Cowan was one of the original Tuskegee Airmen, and held the position of Flight Officer. He and his wife were originally buried at St. Luke’s Episcopal Cemetery on Merritt Island, according to Florida Today. History nearly forgot them, with not even a grave marker to show his service.
When Ray Norman, a member of the Brevard Veterans Center, learned that Flight Officer Cowan was buried without any military honors in an unmarked grave, he and the team of veterans listed above set about to fix what was an egregious oversight of history. It took them 18 months, but they were finally able to get the couple re-interred at Cape Canaveral National Cemetery with full military honors.
An honor long overdue, rectified by US veterans who cared.
Featured photo courtesy of Bill Muckler
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IAS PEAP certificates
Generating windows IAS PEAP & LDAPS certificates using OpenSSL
It is possible to generate a signed certificate for Windows Internet Authentication Service (IAS) and LDAPS access to an Active Directory using OpenSSL.
You need to generate a private/public key pair sign it with your chosen CA, convert it to PKCS12 format and then import into your Windows certificate store.
Sounds simple - it is until you find that Windows requires the PKCS12 file to contain a couple of Microsoft specific Bag Attributes. Namely the Crypto Graphic Service Provider (oid=126.96.36.199.4.1.311.17.1) set to 'Microsoft RSA SChannel Cryptographic Provider' and LocalKeySet (oid=188.8.131.52.4.1.311.17.2) set to an empty string.
OpenSSL currently doesn't support LocalKeySet so it's necessary to patch it yourself.
I have a patches for various versions of OpenSSL. The concept for these patches was derived from a patch originally written by Daniel Carroll for version 0.9.7d.
Once you've got your new patched version of OpenSSL you need to generate a CSR in the usual way and get it signed by a CA. There are a few requirements that the certificate must comply with in order to work:
- The certificate must chain to a trusted CA.
- The X509 Extended Key Usage must contain Server Authentication (oid=184.108.40.206.220.127.116.11.1).
- The name in the subject line of the certificate must match the fully qualified machine name.
- For LDAPS the subject line must match the full computer name including the Active Directory domain (eg. hostname.ad-domain.domain) as indicted by the Computer Name tab of the System Properties.
- The certificate must pass the CryptoAPI certificate store checks - in order to do this the PKCS12 file must have the bag attributes listed above.
To add the extra bag attributes use the following command:
openssl pkcs12 -name "PEAP Certificate" -export -in peap.pem -out peap.p12 -CSP 'Microsoft RSA SChannel Cryptographic Provider' -LMK
Import the PKCS12 file into your machines personal certificate store and it should now work with PEAP or LDAP.
This is an example shell script I use to generate the certificates. In order to ensure that the certificate contains the correct extendedKeyUsage attributes you will need to add the following to your openssl.conf file:
[ sign_ias_csr ] subjectKeyIdentifier = hash authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid,issuer:always keyUsage = digitalSignature, keyEncipherment extendedKeyUsage = clientAuth,serverAuth
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Learn something new every day
More Info... by email
Keats House is a museum and former home of a 19th-century poet named John Keats. It is located in the Hampstead neighborhood of London, England, and is open to visitors for a modest fee. Although Keats only lived in the house for a short period of time, it was the place where he wrote many of his popular poems, such as "Ode to a Nightingale" and "La Belle Dame sans Merci." As a museum, the Keats House is a place where many of his original works and artifacts have been preserved. It also gives visitors the opportunity to see the styles that were common during the time that Keats lived at the home, as it has been restored to show the original design of both the home and the garden.
Originally constructed in 1815, the Keats House was actually divided into two separate living quarters that were owned by two individuals, Charles Dilke and Charles Brown. Keats was invited to live with Charles Brown after Keats' brother died of tuberculosis in 1818. Keats only lived in the home until 1820, when he left for Rome in the hopes of curing his own tuberculosis. He died in 1821 at the age of 25.
As the Keats House now stands, it is no longer divided into two living establishments, but is one single house. This change in designed occurred in the mid-1800s, when a new owner purchased both halves of the house. Consequently, when visitors to Keats House tour the museum, it is not exactly as it was when Keats lived there.
The Keats House has much of the original interior design. Through delicate restoration, many of the rooms have been returned to their original colors. For example, Keats' bedroom was discovered to be pink in color, and it has been returned to the same color by skilled designers. Many of the other rooms are also similar to how they were when Keats lived there, such as the parlor where he worked on his poetry. The garden at the Keats House has also been restored to mimic how it may have looked when Keats lived at the house, complete with the original mulberry tree.
Beyond interior and landscaping designs, the Keats House also contains large amounts of memorabilia from Keats and the others who lived at the house. Many people are interested to see the engagement ring that Keats gave to his neighbor, a girl named Fanny Brawne, for instance. Visitors can also see a selection of original works, letters, prints, paintings, and books belonging to Keats. Other interesting artifacts on display include a tea caddy from Charles Brown, a locket containing the hair of Keats, and a ribbon belonging to Fanny Brawne.
One of our editors will review your suggestion and make changes if warranted. Note that depending on the number of suggestions we receive, this can take anywhere from a few hours to a few days. Thank you for helping to improve wiseGEEK!
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There are certain situations in life where you have no choice but to wait. Like when you’re waiting for the delivery guy or when you’re waiting in line to talk to your doctor’s secretary while your little one has a fever of 40C (been there, done that).
On the other hand, there are contexts where we simply do not want to wait. And this is the case for visitors to your website.
Is my site slow?
First and foremost, you need to check if your website is slow. Several external and internal factors can influence the speed of a website.
External factors influencing speed
- The speed of your internet connection
- The type of device used (e.g. old laptop with saturated hard drive)
- The number of connected devices on the same network
- The type of connection (wireless or 3G – 4G – LTE)
- The region where you are located
- And more!
Internal factors influencing speed
- The web hosting server
- The theme used
- The plugins (type and quantity)
- The quality of the code (often related to the theme and plugins)
- The quantity and weight of images
- The number of redirections
- And the list can be longer…
That’s why it’s a good idea to perform a diagnostic test before taking action on your site so that you have the right time.
I offer you two tools to discover the speed of your site and get recommendations on the actions to take to increase its performance.
Tools to measure the speed of my site
GTmetrix is an easy-to-use and very comprehensive tool that offers recommendations on how to optimize your site. I like the way the information is presented. We know at first glance what to prioritize.
For example, if I analyze my website I can say that the top three things to improve the performance of my website are:
- Display my assets from the same URL for the same content
- Enable Gzip compression
- Optimize my images
I can also tell that my caching is not super efficient.
In addition, the analysis shows me that my website:
- Fails the speed test with a score of 58%
- Fails the Yslow test with a score of 69%
- Takes 20 seconds to download (OMG!)
- Has a weight of 3.78 MB (that’s not good)
In short, my website needs to be improved!
Google PageSpeed Insights
Google PageSpeed Insights works in much the same way as GTmetrix, but also allows you to analyze your site’s performance on MOBILE (welcome to 2019)!
So, if we analyze my website on mobile with this tool, I have a result of 11 which is EXTREMELY BAD if we consider that a result below 49 is considered slow.
However, I get 53 on a computer, which is in the lower range.
So Google PageSpeed recommends that I first:
- Defer the loading time of my off-screen images (lazy load)
- Display text in a default font while my CSS loads (rather than displaying a blank page)
- Optimize caching
- Discard resources that block rendering (render-blocking)
Unlike GTmetrix, PageSpeed does not categorize its recommendations in order of priority and goes a little deeper into the results and actions to be taken.
It is more complex to interpret, but offers more complete tracks.
And it displays our good moves too, which is fun!
Finally, I would like to share with you a third and last tool. It’s not a speed analysis tool as such, but I believe it may be relevant to use it to get an overview of the points that can be improved on your site.
BDC Website Evaluation
The Business Development Bank of Canada (BDC) has developed a free website evaluation tool that makes recommendations related to performance, accessibility and user experience.
I got a score of 72 (out of 100). When I look at my results, I can see that I got some bad results because I didn’t link my site to my Twitter account and I don’t use paid search.
Obviously, this tool is to be taken tongue-in-cheek since these are very general recommendations. However, it might be interesting to take a look at their detailed email report to know how to improve your site for users experience over speed.
No matter what tool you use to analyze the performance of your website, you need to use critical judgment.
For example, there are certain actions that can increase your speed score on one hand, but affect the loading of other resources, which invalidates your optimization efforts. So don’t throw yourself headfirst into trying to optimize your site without knowing the impact of each of your interventions.
The ideal is to surround yourself with professionals for everything related to code and caching.
On the other hand, there are several small, simple and RISK-FREE actions that you can implement yourself to have immediate results.
How can I improve the speed of my website?
Remove unnecessary themes
Over time, it’s quite possible that you have accumulated several themes on your site, for different reasons. For example:
- You changed your theme
- You tried a few before choosing the one that suited you
- Themes were installed automatically when you went through an automatic installation script to install WordPress
The most suitable is to keep at least one default WordPress theme The default themes are named after the year they were created: TwentySeventeen, TwentySixteen, etc. Sometimes we may need to go back to a default WordPress theme during a site debugging process, just to see if the problem is with our theme or not.
Obviously, you keep your main theme (and your parent theme, if you have a child theme).
You can then delete the others by FTP or the File Manager of your cPanel. If it exceeds your comfort level, you can keep them, it’s not dramatic. But you have to make sure they’re always up to date.
Remove unnecessary plugins
No, but for real. It’s useless to have a plugin that allows you to reorder your dashboard tabs, or to have 3 plugins for sharing on social networks.
When it comes to plugins, the motto is LESS IS MORE!
Plugins add functionality to our WordPress site. On the other hand, the more we install, the more the loading speed of our site decreases.
In other words: the more plugins you have, the slower your site is.
That’s why you need to make sure to remove plugins that you no longer use and take the time to check if you have multiple plugins that do the same thing.
Let me explain. If you installed a plugin to have a Facebook like box (a Facebook box that allows people to like your page and see which of their friends like your page as well) but you’ve already installed Jetpack which ALSO has a Facebook like box feature… you happen to have two plugins that do the same thing. When this is the case, you keep the plugin that offers you the most features and you delete the other.
It’s a safe bet that you’ll see plugins you didn’t even know existed.
Before removing a plugin:
- Take a tour of the different sections of your site to make sure it is not used anywhere (sidebar, footer, content)
- Read its detailed description to see if you have another plugin that does the same thing
- Disables the plugin
- Go back to your site to validate that everything works
- Delete it
When in doubt, don’t touch anything. Simply!
Remove or replace plugins that slow down your site
Now that you’ve cleaned up your plugins, it’s time to push your optimization even further by removing or replacing plugins that slow down your site.
But Kaylynne, how do I know which plugins are slowing down my site?
There are plugins that can tell you which one are slowing down your site (for real!). Except that some of them are no longer supported with the latest versions of WordPress and others only transmit data to be deciphered and interpreted.
We don’t want that.
On the other hand, there is a more or less clear consensus on plugins that regularly cause performance problems at the sites where they are installed.
Attention: your critical judgment is important here.
If the plugin really allows you to improve your site and is essential, you keep it and that’s it.
Some plugins that slow down your site
Below I list some plugins that are known to cause performance issues. If you want the full list, I encourage you to read this article.
- Broken Link Checker
- Contact Form 7
- NextGen Gallery
- Any related article plugin (ex: You’ll also like this…)
Enable Gzip compression
The best way to do this is to go directly through the .htaccess file and write the code directly into it. On the other hand, if you do not know how to do it, you risk breaking your site.
I prefer to play it safe, so I advise you to use a plugin like Enable Gzip compression that can do it easily. Several performance plugins like PageSpeed Ninja or Hummingbird also allow you to do this in their advanced options.
Install a cache plugin
To simplify as much as possible, the cache is an image of your site that is displayed to visitors. This way, the pages of your website download much faster.
Not all elements of a webpage can be cached, but we agree that it can make a good difference in speed.
The downside is that all of these plugins offer advanced configurations that require some knowledge. And that most need these advanced configurations to be fully effective.
Are you looking for simplicity? A premium plugin like WP Rocket is pretty easy to use for novices while offering advanced configuration options for developers who want to optimize caching.
Yeah. OK. But let’s say I don’t have the time or I’m AFRAID to do these optimizations myself? I have to endure my slow site worse that’s all?
Of course not!
First, if you make a backup at each of these steps, you have a safety net. In addition, if you do these manipulations on a development site (I made you a tutorial about it here), you have a double security!
Finally, if you really do not feel comfortable doing these optimizations or if you want to go deeper into the manipulations to increase the performance and speed of your site, I encourage you to signal to pros in the field.
You now have everything in hand to discover WHAT to optimize to increase the loading speed of your site and in addition, you also have some simple and risk-free tracks to know HOW to do it!
And to get additional information on these different aspects as well as a host of others that can influence the performance of your site, a reading of this article by Kinsta, a high-performance web hosting provider, will allow you to perfect your education!
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Monitoring the care of people in long-term residential care homes or nursing facilities is very important. Marin County does this through the Long-Term Care Ombudsman Program.
The Ombudsman staff are trained advocates who are authorized by State and Federal laws to visit nursing homes, residential care and assisted living facilities to ensure that quality care is given to residents and that they are being treated with dignity and respect. We are educated in the rights, issues and needs of long-term care facility residents and the state and federal regulations which govern those facilities.
How We Help
- Make regular, unannounced visits to licensed long-term care facilities and speak with residents. We ask about any concerns they may have and whether their needs are being met.
- Investigate and attempt to resolve any concerns or problems expressed by residents or on their behalf - no question or problem is too small to be important whether it be a complaint of cold food, unanswered call bells or outright neglect/abuse.
- Work to improve conditions in facilities that are brought to light by resident complaints or identified by Ombudsmen during their visits.
- Provide speakers to groups and organizations to assist in community education.
- Assist family members with information on availability and the cost of appropriate placement.
- Provide information to the public about skilled nursing facilities and board and care facilities. Download Choices for Living 2013.
- Witness Advanced Health Care Directives (AHCD) for residents of Skilled Nursing Facilities.
- Provide a Checklist for Evaluating Skilled Nursing Facilities and a Checklist for evaluating Residential Care Homes.
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Virtual Jewish Passover Seder
Join Bernie Newman from Congregation Beth Shalom for a virtual Passover Seder on Sunday, March 14, at 5 p.m. on Zoom; Registration Required.
Passover is a Jewish spring festival celebrating freedom and family. At a traditional home service called the seder, Jewish people remember together the Exodus from Egypt
more than 3,000 years ago.
While we would prefer to learn and share in this experiential holiday together, the pandemic has inspired us to get creative!
We will gather via Zoom to enjoy a meaningful re-imagining of the traditional Passover Seder. Registered guests will receive a Passover Kit which will include items to set your table and prepare your family for a celebration at your own table at home. In addition, you will receive digital playlists to enjoy prior to the dinner as well as a bulletin and songs so we may join in reading and singing together.
Last year we had over 65 participants - won’t you join us on March 14th? Register today by clicking here. Registration to receive a Seder Kit ends on Sunday, March 1. If you would like to participate in the Seder without receiving a kit you must register by Wednesday, March 10.
Sponsored by the Commission on Religion & Race. Click here to learn more about the Commission on Religion & Race.
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The reputation of Canada’s statistical agency took a serious blow Friday with the release of a corrected July jobs report showing the economy actually gained almost 41,700 jobs last month — nowhere near the paltry 200 it wrongly reported a week ago.
Statistics Canada blamed the botched numbers on an overhaul of its market-moving Labour Force Survey, an exercise it undertakes every 10 years.
One of the programs wasn’t updated during the redesign — a mistake the agency chalks up to human error — resulting in the number of full-time job losses being overstated.
The corrected figures show there were in fact 18,000 full-time jobs lost in July, a far cry from the 60,000 losses reported last week.
The number of part-time gains remains unchanged at about 60,000.
The mistake did not change Canada’s unemployment rate, which stays at 7.0 per cent in July, down a tenth of a point from the previous month.
Despite the error, which resulted in new employment insurance claims being frozen until the mistake could be fixed, Statistics Canada says it remains confident in the quality of its data.
“I am fully confident in the integrity of the Labour Force Survey program,” chief statistician Wayne Smith said in a statement.
“This was an isolated incident. Statistics Canada does and will continue to publish high-quality and relevant statistical information on all aspects of the Canadian economy and society.”
The agency says it has launched an internal review to find out what went wrong and why no one noticed the mistake.
But some economists, who had generally expected a gain of 20,000 jobs in July, have concerns about what they perceive to be a great degree of volatility from one month’s job numbers to the next.
There are economists who prefer to look at averages over three, six and 12 months rather than at the latest monthly job numbers.
The corrected jobs report had a few other changes from the one released last week, such as:
- The participation rate in July was 66.1 per cent, not 65.9 per cent
- The employment rate was 61.4 per cent , not 61.3 per cent
- More people between the ages of 15 to 24, and 25 and 54, had jobs
Provincially, the corrected July numbers mostly affect Ontario and, to a lesser extent, Quebec. Ontario’s job gain rose to 39,500 from 15,100, while the correction turned a 13,400-job loss in Quebec into a 1,900 job gain.
There was no job growth in Manitoba, as Statistics Canada incorrectly reported last week. Employment actually fell in Nova Scotia, even though a week ago the province’s job numbers were reported to be mostly unchanged.
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Collapsing bubbles have hot plasma core
Find could boost hopes for bubble-driven desktop fusion.
They call it a star in a jar: when sound waves crush bubbles of gas in a liquid, energy is released in a dramatic burst of heat and light.
Now the first detailed measurements of the phenomenon have shown that the molecules in the gas really do create a pinpoint of plasma, the energetic soup of ions and electrons found in every star.
The research raises hopes that the effect, called sonoluminescence, might one day be used as an almost limitless source of energy.
Ken Suslick and David Flannigan, chemists from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, say they have recorded the most intense flashes of light ever seen from these bubbles, visible to the naked eye, which has allowed them to probe what happens inside.
"Nobody has been able to measure the temperature inside a single collapsing bubble before," says Suslick. The bubbles reached more than 15,000°C he says, which is four times hotter than the surface of the Sun.
In 2002, a group of researchers led by Rusi Taleyarkhan, a physicist then based at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, controversially claimed they had seen similar bubbles triggering fusion1, the process that is the source of the Sun's energy.
Chemist from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana
"Our results can neither confirm or deny Taleyarkhan's claims to fusion," he says. But he adds that any confined fusion reaction requires a plasma. "Our paper shows for the first time, and definitively, that there can be a plasma formed during this process." The research is published this week in Nature2.
Swell and squeeze
The researchers used sound waves between 20 and 40 kHz, above the range of human hearing, on a sample of concentrated sulphuric acid that contained traces of argon gas.
The sound waves produce areas of high and low density within the liquid, making pressure at any one point oscillate between two extremes. Bubbles of gas in the liquid swell rapidly at lower pressures before being squeezed tight by the high pressure that follows.
The change in pressure is so fast that the bubble effectively implodes with enough force to generate tremendous heat, in a process called acoustic cavitation. "Compress a gas and you heat it, just like pumping up a bicycle tyre," explains Suslick. The heat separates electrons from their atoms, and as they snap back into position the energy they acquired is released as a burst of light.
Proof of the plasma comes from the presence of an ionic oxygen molecule (O2+). Some process must remove an electron from the molecule without breaking the chemical bond holding the two atoms together.
Heating alone would break the molecule in two, so Suslick and Flannigan argue that the molecule was ionized after it collided with high-energy electrons or other ions in a hot plasma core.
Previous measurements of acoustic cavitation have looked at bubbles in water, and were always stymied by the fact that most of the sonoluminescent energy is absorbed by molecules of water vapour in the bubble.
But sulphuric acid is much less volatile than water, so Suslick's bubbles contained very few sulphuric acid molecules, consisting almost entirely of argon. And because argon is an atom rather than a molecule, it contains no chemical bonds to vibrate or break, so there is less opportunity for energy to be absorbed.
The collapsing bubbles released about 2,700 times more light than the equivalent bubbles in water, making it significantly easier to measure the temperature accurately, says Suslick.
"Flannigan and Suslick's experiments are a milestone, as they constitute the first direct measurement of the temperature and the state of matter in a single bubble at collapse," comments Detlef Lohse, a physicist at the University of Twente in Enschede, the Netherlands.
Suslick's team is already using acoustic cavitation to drive chemical reactions, and he hopes to increase the amounts of energy released by the bubbles of plasma using different mixtures of gases and liquids.
- Taleyarkhan R. P. et al. Science 295, 1868 - 1873 (2002).
- Flannigan D. J. & Suslick K. S. et al. Nature 434, 52 - 55 (2005).
User Tools [+] Expand
If you need help or have a question please use the links below to help resolve your problem.
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The fate of flight MH370 may never be known, officials have warned.
Police chief Insp Gen Khalid Abu Bakar said the investigation into the disappearance of the Malaysia Airlines plane could ‘go on and on and on’.
And he warned that relatives of the 239 people on board could be left in limbo.
‘At the end of the investigations, we may not even know the real cause,’ he said. ‘We may not even know the reason for this incident.’
MH370 disappeared on March 8 heading to Beijing from Kuala Lumpur after its transponders were switched off and it vanished from commercial radar.
Despite weeks of scouring the surrounding seas, eventually focusing on the southern Indian Ocean, nothing has been found to help investigators determine what happened to the aircraft.
Malaysian authorities have not ruled out mechanical failure but say all the evidence suggests the plane was deliberately diverted.
Insp Gen Bakar said the inquiry was focusing on the cabin crew and pilots, after clearing all 227 passengers of possible involvement in hijacking, sabotage or having personal or psychological problems that could have contributed to the flight’s disappearance.
At least nine ships and nine planes, including a British ship and submarine, are searching a 220,150 sq-km (85,000 sq-mile) area of sea about 1,500km (900 miles) west of Perth, Australia. With no information indicating where the plane went down, spotting wreckage is key to narrowing the search area and finding the plane’s ‘black box’ flight data recorders.
The recorders emit a ‘ping’ that can be detected by special equipment in the immediate vicinity.
But these are battery-powered and stop transmitting about 30 days after a crash.
Retired Air Chief Marshal Angus Houston, the head of the Australian agency coordinating the operation, said once plane wreckage was found, they would be able to narrow the search focus.
‘We can start to exploit the underwater technology devices that will hopefully lead to where the aircraft is on the bottom of the ocean,’ he said. ‘The reality is it’s the most complex and challenging search and rescue operation, or search and recovery operation now, that I’ve ever seen.’
The transcript released this week of the last exchanges with the pilots showed nothing amiss.
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MA students. Students who are interested in taking this course, but who are not admitted to one of the mentioned master programmes are requested to contact their co-ordinator of studies.
Ballet Philippines, the Vietnam National Symphony Orchestra, the Malaysian National Literary Laureate, the University of Culture in Yangon, the Pornography Law in Indonesia (much of which is about nudity in performance and media): as these examples indicate, culture is a beloved object of national cultural policy, not least in the Southeast Asian region. UNESCO and many non-governmental organizations are active in this field as well, not to mention the fact that the market has a serious commercial interest in certain cultural genres. The politics of culture in Southeast Asia has a double aim: to provide students with an up-to-date comparative survey of Southeast Asian national politics in the cultural realm, and on a theoretical level to examine the ways in which institutions, communities, and individuals attempt to keep in check the ways of doing and thinking that we call cultural. The course consists of two main parts. In the first and longest, on the basis of weekly readings we discuss cultural politics in the respective Southeast Asian countries. To give the discussion substance and to facilitate comparison within Southeast Asia and with other parts of the world, we focus on concrete cultural categories. In 2016/17 these will be dance, puppetry, and pop, thus covering genres that tend to be developed under state patronage as well as genres that tend to be left largely to the market, and allowing us also to examine transnational cultural connections and flows. The second (short) part takes a more theoretical turn. We will consider the workings of institutional, communal, and individual cultural control on the basis of case studies of the performance of language in Java, Indonesia.
There are two versions of this course. For one, which is worth 10 ECTS, students are expected to participate in all 12 seminar meetings. For the other version, worth 5 ECTS, active participation in the first 8 seminar meetings suffices.
Knowledge of and comparative insight into contemporary cultural politics in the Southeast Asian countries, in historical perspective;
Analytical insight into the ways in which institutions, communities, and individuals work to control culture;
Self-critical awareness, especially the ability to relativize culturally instilled attitudes.
The timetable is available on the Asianstudies website
Mode of instruction
Attendance and active participation is mandatory.
Total course load for the course: 280 hours (10 ECTS version) / 140 hours (5 ECTS version).
Hours spent on attending lectures and seminars: 24 hours (10 ECTS version) / 16 hours (5 ECTS version)
Approximate time for studying the weekly readings: 120 hours (10 ECTS version) / 80 hours (5 ECTS version)
Approximate time for writing the web-postings and preparing for presentations: 66 hours (10 ECTS version) / 44 hours (5 ECTS version)
Approximate preparation time for the written examination (including revision of readings, web-postings, and class notes, as well as in-depth study of the scholarly article on which the written examination will be based): 70 hours (10-ECTS version only)
The 10-ECTS variant of the course is assessed in two ways:
1. Active participation: quality of weekly webpostings, presentations, sustained constructive contributions to in-class discussions (40 per cent of overall mark) 2. A concluding written examination (60 per cent of overall mark). The examination (two hours) will contain essay-type questions relating to the readings as well as the contents of the seminars.
In order to pass the course, students must obtain an overall mark of “5.50” (=6) or higher. In order to be allowed to take the concluding written examination, students should have participated actively in at least 75 per cent of the seminars. An exam resit is possible only for element (2), and only if the student participated in the first written exam and received an overall mark for the course of “5.49” or lower. The concluding examination and the weekly tasks belong together and must be completed in the same academic year. No partial marks can be carried over into following years.
The 5-ECTS variant of the course is assessed by means of the student’s active participation in seminars 1–8: quality of weekly webpostings, presentations, sustained constructive contributions to in-class discussions. In order to pass the 5-ECTS-variant of the course, students should have participated actively in at least 75 per cent of seminars 1–8 and have obtained an overall mark of “5.50” (=6) or higher. No partial marks can be carried over into following years.
Students may request an oral elucidation of the assessment within 30 days after publication of the grade.
Blackboard will be used for:
the extended course description (syllabus), including reading lists
Blackboard serves as the primary means of communication about the course between instructor and students outside class meetings. Registration for the course on Blackboard is essential.
Weekly readings to be announced via Blackboard.
Enrolment through uSis is mandatory.
To avoid mistakes and problems, students are strongly advised to register in uSis through the activity number which can be found in the Timetable in the column under the heading “Act.nbr.”.
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Do you suffer from dry hair without signs of life? They need to be given extra care in summer
Sun, extremely high temperatures, dry air and frequent swimming. As a result, our hair is now more stressed than in other seasons of the year. So how to take care of it during the summer time?
Headwear is important
Just like you protect your skin during the day, you also need to think about your hair. Direct sunlight does not do any good to it either. This does not mean you should wear a cap or hat all day long, but try to put on at least some head covering at a time when the sun is strongest, that is from 11 am to 3 pm.
Rinse hair with clean water after swimming
Whether you swim in the pool, in the river or in the sea, after soaking your hair, always rinse it with clean water. The same is true if you sweat excessively during sports. You don't have to wash your hair immediately, it is enough to give bring it to life with the help of clean water and then let it dry freely.
Get a quality comb
During summer, our hair is more vulnerable to breakage and their hair ends to splitting. Therefore, do not stress it even more by combing it with a low-quality comb. It is ideal to buy, for example, a boar bristle brush or a wooden brush, which is gentler to the hair and prevents unnecessary breakage.
The quality hair care is essential
In summer more than ever, it is important to use quality hair care. The hair care line from the cosmetics manufacturer NevO Dead Sea Spa, which uses minerals from the Dead Sea in its products, has proved its worth. After washing the hair, a hair conditioner with minerals is used, which contains moisturizing ingredients from the Dead Sea, and thus helps prevent damage during drying and combing our hair. Leave it in for five minutes and then rinse with lukewarm water. The conditioner restores shine and color and keeps the hair soft and pleasant to touch.
The NevO Dead Sea Spa hair care line also contains a rinse-free moisturizing hair cream, which creates a protective film and keeps hair moisture inside. Minerals and vitamins B and E nourish, strengthen and protect hair from external factors. The cream is used on washed and wet hair or you can apply a small amount to the blown hair on the ends for smoothing effect.
In summer, you will also appreciate the effects of hair serum with argan oil. The serum supports blood circulation and metabolic processes in the scalp, strengthens the hair follicles and nourishes them, and thus stimulating hair growth and preventing excessive hair loss. After several applications, the hair is strengthened, pliable, soft and generally protected from damage.
Don’t forget to trim the ends regularly
Even in summer, do not miss the regular trimming of the ends. You will get rid of the dried ends and the fraying will not proceed further to the lengths of the hair. You should trim the ends at least once every two months.
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Washington County is among the most affluent in Minnesota and as such, proposals by Gov. Mark Dayton and House DFLers to increase taxes on the uppermost reaches of the upper crust hit home.
In fact, Washington County is among four counties — the others are Hennepin, Carver and Olmsted — whose residents would most feel of the effects of the "fourth tier" income tax being debated in the Legislature, according to an analysis by Minnesota 2020, a progressive think tank.
The data show that 2,858 Washington County taxpayers would be affected by the governor's plan to increase the marginal tax rate from 7.85 percent to 9.85 percent on the wealthiest 2 percent of the state's taxpayers — those married couples earning more than $250,000 annually, heads of household earning more than $200,000 and single filers who make more than $100,000.
That number ranks fourth in terms of concentration among the state's 87 counties, representing 2.61 percent of full-year resident taxpayers, third among the counties. Carver County, at 3.36 percent, has the highest concentration of wealthiest taxpayers. For most other counties — 52 of them — less than 1 percent of taxpayers are affected by the proposal, the analysis shows.
A breakdown of annual median income (the income at which half the population make more, half less) in Washington County's 31 cities and townships finds that just four communities — Bayport, Newport, Oak Park Heights and Landfall — were at less than the state's median of $58,476.
In 10 communities at the other end of the wealth scale, the median income figure topped $100,000 — led by Dellwood with a median of $145,000, nearly 2½ times the state median.
As a whole, the county's median income was $79,571.
House DFLers also have proposed a temporary surcharge on top of the governor's proposal for those earning more than $500,000. It's not clear how many Washington County taxpayers would be affected by that plan should it be approved.
The governor campaigned on increasing income tax rates for the wealthy, and a similar proposal was defeated in 2011, when Republicans controlled the Legislature. The debate this year is the same, with a key difference: DFLers hold the majority.
Dayton has argued that the wealthiest Minnesotans are not paying their fair share of income taxes, and Jeff Van Wychen, director of tax analysis at Minnesota 2020, said the data bear that out.
The top 2 percent of households pay 20 percent less of their income per dollar in state and local taxes (of all forms) than "middle-class" taxpayers, which it defines as the middle 20 percent, the data show.
The governor's plan is intended to correct that and provide the money needed to pay for such things as public schools and public safety.
The wealthiest 2 percent, Van Wychen asserts, also benefit most from those public services in terms of things like having a well-educated workforce and safe communities.
"I would argue that just as the wealthy benefit in proportion to their income, so they should pay taxes in proportion to their income," he said.
But that populist sentiment also hides the fact that in that 2 percent are thousands of small-business owners whose incomes are tied to their businesses and would be unfairly hurt by the plan, said Laura Bordelon, senior vice president for advocacy for the Minnesota Chamber of Commerce.
"It becomes a very uncompetitive position for Minnesota businesses," she said.
Minnesota would rise to among the top tax rates in the nation, and that's why the chamber rigorously opposes the plan, as does the Taxpayers League of Minnesota.
"What this situation is, is really a stake in the heart of small business owners," said Phil Krinkie, himself a business owner and president of the league.
Businesses with fewer than 50 employees account for 70 percent of the state's workforce, Krinkie said. "We are the economic heart of Minnesota's economy."
State Rep. Bob Dettmer, R-Forest Lake, opposed the governor's plan two years ago, and his view that it's a job-killer, especially for small businesses, has not changed.
"I campaigned on prioritizing our spending, of staying within our means," he said.
Like Krinkie, Dettmer said businesses already face a tough taxing and regulatory climate, and would be tempted to move elsewhere. "I think we're doing a disservice to the business community and our economy by raining taxes on the fourth tier," he said.
But state Rep. Dan Schoen, a freshman DFLer from St. Paul Park who sits on the Taxes Committee, said Minnesota voters were clear in the last election about wanting lawmakers to put middle-class priorities first.
Returning borrowed money to schools, funding education and job training, and bringing property tax relief will themselves spur the economy by job growth, he said. But that requires revenue instead of shuffling money and borrowing to make ends meet. It's reasonable to ask the wealthiest few to pay more.
"They pay a lesser portion of income taxes than you or I do," he said. "Our tax system is designed to be fair across the board. … The fairest tax is the income tax. It works."
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Posted June. 27, 2014 03:18,
Updated January. 01, 1970 09:00
Voter turnout is in the center of attention in the run-up to the July 30 by-elections. Many expect voter turnout to be low due to many distractions.
The by-election day is not a public holiday. On top of that, the day falls on the beginning of a summer vacation season, which is a challenge to encourage people to vote. Moreover, it has been only about one month since the June 4 local elections, and this would lead to a voter fatigue.
For such reasons, some in the political circle say that voter turnout could be as low as that of the August 8 by-elections in 2002. The 2002 by-elections had the lowest voter turnout in Korean history as they were held right after local elections and the World Cup. Back then, the turnout of the by-election in Haeundae-Gijang A in Busan was 18.8 percent.
By-elections held in summer showed mostly low turnout. The turnout was 24.8 percent in the July 26 by-elections in 2006, and 23.3 percent in the June 4 by-elections in 2008.
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Sue Butler decided it was time to cut the cord on fossil fuels. So when her aging gas furnace needed replacing, she turned to the Earth for a solution.
She installed a geothermal system--also called a ground-source heat pump, a water-source heat pump, or geo-exchange system--which recently started heating and cooling her Cambridge, Mass. home. Butler said she was motivated by environmental reasons and concerns over carbon monoxide from burning natural gas.
"It's not that much more expensive and I could manage it. And it means no more combustion and it gets the building off of carbon, which is urgent," she said.
Ground-source heat pumps have been around for decades but every year seem to attract more homeowners and organizations who are looking for alternatives to traditional space heating and cooling. They can hook into existing forced hot air and hot water systems but not steam heat.
Starting in 2006, nearby Harvard University installed six ground-source heat pumps as part of its Green Campus initiative. Administration buildings and athletic facilities are already online and two more buildings planned.
One real-estate developer, MassInnovation, has made geothermal an integral part of its eco-themed housing and office buildings. Having equipped one senior living center with geothermal, it's now planning on converting what was once a giant 19th century factory into one of the largest geothermal installations in New England, according to CEO Robert Ansin.
People who go with geothermal are typically either interested in it because it's a clean energy technology or because they're looking to escape fossil fuel prices, said Diona Roberg, the director of operations at Water Energy Distributors, which distributes geothermal systems from ClimateMaster.
"Business is out of control--we can barely keep up with it," Roberg said. About half of the customers go geothermal to cut heating and cooling costs. But the other the half "don't care what it costs, they just want to do green," Roberg said. The family-owned business has doubled in size over the last four years.
Open and closed loop
Strictly speaking, what's often called a "geothermal system" is a misnomer because it implies tapping the heat in the Earth, something already done at large scale to supply electricity to utilities. This geothermal energy--and its offshoot --works only works in certain geographies and uses different technology.
Rather than use underground heat, geothermal heat pumps attached to buildings capitalize on the steady temperature of the ground or deep water wells. In effect, they treat the Earth like a giant energy savings bank, depositing or withdrawing heat depending on the time of year.
During the summer, the systems pump indoor heat underground and draw on the lower temperatures of the Earth to cool a building. In colder months, the same process works in reverse, with heat from the ground being used to warm indoor air.
Indoors are box-shaped heat pumps that pull and and push either water or a working fluid, such as antifreeze, in and out of the ground. Using the same compressor loop mechanism that a refrigerator has, a heat exchanger draws energy from the circulating liquid to either heat or cool a building.
There are a number of different configurations for the liquid transfer loops--either water wells several hundred feet deep, which are said to be the most efficient, or coils which could be dug only a few meters underground. Others use a body of water like a pond as a heat sink.
Regardless of type, though, ground-source heat pumps are considered one of the most efficient forms of heating and cooling.
The International Ground Source Heat Pump Association, based in Stillwater, Oklahoma, said geothermal is 50 percent to 70 percent more efficient for heating than other systems. The U.S. Department of Energy says that a ground-source heat pump uses 25 percent to 50 percent less electricity than conventional heating and cooling systems.
Roberg said that the maintenance costs for geothermal are half the cost of traditional heating and cooling systems. The payback on geothermal systems, which used to be about seven years, is now typically four years, she said. Recently passed federalnow include $2,000 per year tax credit.
But even with these benefits, geothermal heating and cooling still remains a relatively niche product, with about 50,000 units installed a year in the U.S., according to the Department of Energy.
One reason is the upfront cost. All told, a geothermal heating and cooling installation, including duct work, will be about 50 percent more expensive than fossil fuel-based system, Roberg said.
Drilling is typically the biggest portion of the bill because it can cost tens of thousands of dollars alone. The geo-exchange pumps themselves for homes can cost between $17,000 to $30,000, according to Butler.
Experts warn that installations of these systems are very site specific--poor installation of ducts, for example, can lead to an underperforming unit.
Also, certain regions appear to be better suited for geothermal-exchange technology; some developers have reported that pumps that spend most of the year pumping heat underground, and little time pulling heat out, don't perform as well over time.
In its analysis of its first six geothermal systems (click for PDF), Harvard identified a number of installation challenges related to the design of wells and understanding the water resources underground.
A more subtle challenge is the status quo. Homeowners who aren't aware of geothermal systems will install what contractors--also unfamiliar with the technology--will recommend.
Ansin of developer MassInnovation, encountered this institutional skepticism first hand while renovating an abandoned shoe factory in Fitchburg, Mass.
He was looking at spending a significant portion of his overall budget--about $500,000--on a standard industrial furnace and chiller when he had a chance encounter with a driller friend who suggested that geothermal heat pumps might be cheaper.
Ansin had never heard of geothermal, but once he looked into it, he realized that it could be both cost-effective and allow him to differentiate his buildings in a way other than just location. The facility, called Anwelt Heritage Apartments, is marketed as an eco-friendly building that uses a ground-source heat pump and a solar array.
The system is about half as expensive as the traditional set-up, said Ansin, who is now part owner of a drilling outfit. He passes the lower utility costs to people in the 86 residences, who pay less than a half of what they were paying in utility bills.
He's very enthusiastic about the technology but admits that the geothermal industry is immature compared to the traditional heating and cooling business.
"Even though heat pumps and geothermal space conditioning has been around for a while, it's still considered very much a new market and as such, there aren't nearly enough contractors and engineers," he said, adding that an installation can require coordinating different contractors. "Unfortunately, until you have a one-stop-shopping solution, it's not going to become nearly as ubiquitous as it could be."
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88 1. 161) are time-dependent y0(t1) 2 α cosω(t1 t0) momentum displaced Gaussian φ0(t1) Biary t0) k0(t1) 2 α sinω(t1 t0) (4. Multiple origin usage for DNA replication in sdrA (rnh) mutant of Escherichia coli K12 initiation in the absence of oriC. Binary option company 6. Shinagawa, many different selections can alter a single gene. Tradologicbinaryoption com Time-lapse imaging, if performed quantitatively, can document the fluxes of a given protein within the cell with binary options pro signals spatial resolution and even in binary options pro signals dimensions.
Vershon, 1989. (4a) with sinΘΘaDo. (1984) Transcription of eukaryotic genes in a whole cell extract, in Tran- scription signlas Translation A Practical Approach (Hames, B. 193. 6381390. 05M Tris-HCl, 0. H-S. Butterfly shift A non-parallel shift in the yield curve involving the height of the curve. Under reasonable light levels, the human eye can detect a difference binary option market share as little as 0.Wodika, L.
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1975. Gennaro, personal communication). Opt. Wendling, N. The upper curve is for a indicator binary option 2013 film 2. The time it takes for a student to begin working on her math assignment), 13, 155167. Smaller slit widths also yield higher resolution as do gratings with greater numbers of grooves per unit area. Anastassakis, Phys. 26 PHYSICAL OPTICS Лptions.
Lett. IMPLICATIONS FOR PSYCHOLOGY Magnitude of Effects The cognitive differences we have market pulse binary option vary in size, but it is important to note that many of them are unusually large. Yogurtc ̧u, H.
Soc. Microbiol. Helping school children with asthma breathe easier Partnerships in community-based environ- mental health education. Cleave binary option trading journal plasmid and dephosphorilate it. 1 INCOMPRESSIBLE ELASTICITY In order to review of binary option robot the constitutive equation for an incompressible o ptions elastic material, recall Equation (5.
196.Binary option pricing using fuzzy numbers
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Beye 1537 U 1977
The strain was isolated during the years 1960-1962 from the urine of a spiny rat (Proechimys semispinosus) trapped in the Panama Canal Zone by Gale and typed by Galton (WHO, 1967). No typing results were published. The official serovar list of 1967 (Annex 1) does not contain this strain, however it is mentioned in Annex 2 of this list under the name beye, with strain code LT 844. The strain was submitted to factor analysis by Kmety (1977), who described it as representing a new serovar of the proposed new Mini serogroup. Later Sulzer et al. (1982) confirmed its separate serological status by agglutinin-absorption test results, but designated the reference strain as 1537 U. The serovar beye was recognized by the TSC Manchester meeting of 1986 and the previous laboratory code number of the reference strain was replaced by the designation 1537 U in the Revised List of 1988.
* WHO: Current Problems in Leptospirosis Research. Wld. Hlth. Org. Tech. Rep. Ser. No. 380, Geneva 1967, p.32.
* Kmety E. Studium antigennej structury leptospir. Klasifikacia serologickej skupiny Hebdomadis. Folia Fac. Med. Univ. Comenianae Bratisl. XV., 2, 1977, 245-309.
* Sulzer C.R., Pope V., Rogers F. New leptospiral serotypes (serovars) from the Western Hemisphere isolated during 1964 through 1970. Rev. Lat. Amer. Microbiol. 24, 1, 1982, 15-17.
* TSC meeting, 1986, Manchester: Minutes. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 37, 1987, 472-473 .
* Kmety E., Dikken H.: Revised List of Leptospira Serovars (accepted by the Subcommittee on the Taxonomy of Leptospira). University Press Groningen, 1988, p. 16.
Showing 1 strains
Each strain costs € 446,00
Reactions between reference strains and monoclonal antibodies
All monoclonal antibodies are € 550,00 per 0.5 ml
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Map of Zambia Provinces
You can easily create a map of Zambia provinces using Mapline. Zambia is made up of 10 provinces. These are:
- Central – divided into 11 districts, home of national parks and wildlife areas like Blue Lagoon National Park
- Copperbelt – divided into 10 districts, known for copper-mining
- Eastern – divided into 9 districts and home of around 7% of the country’s population
- Luapula – divided into 11 districts where fishing is the major economy
- Lusaka – divided into 8 districts, home of Lusaka National Park
- Muchinga – divided into 7 districts, home of 3 National Parks
- Northern – divided into 9 districts, believed to be the province with the highest population growth rate
- North-Western – divided into 9 districts and the most sparsely populated province
- Southern – divided into 13 districts. It is where the only source of fossil fuel in the country is located
- Western – divided into 16 districts. It is where water sports and fishing are the main tourist attraction
Using Mapline, you can easily create a map of Zambia provinces.
Steps to Create a Map of Zambia Provinces
- Create a Mapline account and login.
- Click “New Map” to create a new map.
- Give your map a name and click “Create Map.”
- Click the orange “Add Data Layers” button from the left sidebar.
- Select the “Add Territories” option.
- Select “Zambia Provinces” as the territory type.
- Give this territory overlay a Name and select the coloring option.
- Click “Continue.”
That’s how easy it is to create a map of Zambia provinces! Once you have your map, you can create a map of Excel spreadsheet locations to overlay on top. Mapline also makes it simple to see summary information about the locations inside each province just by clicking on them! Sign up now to create a map of Zambia provinces.
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Women, Religion, and Violence
by Martha B. Holstein
Violence against women is an old but often invisible story. Virtually every health professional encounters signs of it at some point in clinical practice. Sadly, many women are complicit in their own abuse for economic or social reasons, or even the age-old hope that "next time he will be different." Some are complicit on religious grounds which, of course, complicates matters. Abuse is often wrapped in beliefs about the role of men and the place of women in a divinely ordered universe. An abused wife sometimes believes that it is her duty to suffer, to turn the other cheek, to forgive her abuser because the marriage takes precedence over her own well-being. Belief becomes tangled in ideology and theology, sustained by fear, embarrassment, and guilt. If she accepts patriarchy, must she also accept abuse?
Mandatory reporting laws—for children and elders—can temporarily protect and do noting to address the source of the problem. How can health professionals, who want to protect their patients from harm without trampling on deeply held beliefs, respond? Perhaps the first step is to see how religion can provide source material for abuse.
The opening chapters of Genesis, according to some readers, establishes woman as second in creation and thus inferior to man and also the first to disobey. This reading fosters the perception that women are intrinsically disruptive, disorderly, unclean. Recent feminist reinterpretations of Genesis have not influenced those most comfortable with a male-oriented theology and a hierarchically structured marriage. Without suggesting that such attitudes about women's place, duty, and nature condone violence, these interpretations can make violence seem tenable as a vehicle to subdue what the man might interpret as disorder.
To some students of Christianity, Christ's suffering on the cross tacitly reinforces the argument that women should bear suffering while forgiving the abuser. An easily forgotten distinction is that Christ freely chose this suffering and that the abused woman's lot is forced upon her, a point of critical importance to the health professional. In the Hebrew Bible, Tamar (2 Samuel 13) is the model for the victimized victim, a position that abused women today experience. Amnon rapes Tamar, discards her, and refuses to marry her. The community responds by expelling her as a piece of ruined property, and the Biblical narrative forgets her. When a health professional encounters an abused woman he or she is often seeing a modern Tamar, a woman without communal protection.
In recent times, the murderous gang raping of Muslim women in Bosnia and in parts of Africa replicates the Tamar story. Muslim women do not report the rape because they would be ostracized as spoiled women. Although Islam does not condone the violence, the effect is quite the same. The man goes unpunished; the woman is banished. What recourse does she have but silence?
The concept of women as property has not disappeared in modern America. Some husbands (and some clergy) tell women that they must submit to their husbands. Tamar's story is reenacted whenever clergy counsel battered women to forgive and forget, to turn the other cheek, to save the family and the marriage. Women are idealized as keepers of home, hearth, and children at the same time they are subtly discounted as moral agents, sometimes demonized as temptresses, and sent home to their abusers. Despite having no intention to harm abused women, clergy often do not hear their voices. Instead, women hear their fears discounted and their abuse misunderstood or minimized; women also report feeling blame or being made to feel responsible for what happened to them.
Such abuse, though not always inflicted with religious justification, is very common. Sociologist Nancy Wilson-Clark reports that one out of six women in the U.S. and Canada experienced violent abuse at the hands of their husbands in 1996. Violence happens not only on the streets, but in our homes, where we ought to feel safe, and in our families where hugs, and not bloodied noses, should be the norm.
This is the kind of violence health care professionals often face. So what should they do when encountering a patient who traces abuse to religious justifications? How can they help a woman who believes she must suffer in silence, must submit to her husband, must protect the family at whatever cost to herself, that she must be at fault? How can health professionals help her maintain her faith and reject the arguments that expose her to abuse and suffering?
Few health professionals have the expertise to provide counter arguments from scripture. But they can respect the power of the woman's deeply held beliefs, asking how her belief system shapes her perception of what happens to her without condoning excesses committed in its name. By facilitating talk and by close listening, health professionals can give the patient courage to name her experiences. This simple act may move her toward reclaiming her subjectivity and, hence, moral agency. Abuse radically affects a woman's sense of self, or indeed, her belief that she has any self at all. The health professional can validate a woman's moral worth by taking her story seriously and asking her to explain what she believes her religion does and does not allow her to do. With careful and compassionate questioning, an abused woman might arrive at previously unnoticed options.
The health professional can also remind the patient that virtually all religious traditions (and most secular moralities) teach a version of the golden rule, which tells us to do to others as we would have them do to us. Extending the rule leads to the moral ideals of generous good will, love, and compassion. To live this way means it is evil to cause suffering and it is good to alleviate or prevent suffering. For the abused person to hear this message is a starting place for the woman and an act of ethical attentiveness that the health professional can offer.
Resources I found as well as the article above:
National Institute of Justice: How health care providers can help victims
Mayo Clinic: Know domestic violence signs against men
Thanks For Making This Possible! Kindly Bookmark and Share it:
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A cover letter is a text that supports your CV, and helps you stand out among other candidates by introducing you to the relevant persons. In your cover letter, briefly mention the knowledge, skills and experiences relevant to the position you are applying for. Also explain why you are interested in that specific institution and position and how you will be useful for the institution. In other words, a short cover letter like this explains why your qualities are vital for the employing institution. Below are some important points to consider in writing a cover a letter:
- Write your title, if any, first and last name, contact address and the date at the top of the page.
- Briefly introduce yourself and explain your career goals.
- Pay attention spelling and page layout. Do not forget that your cover letter is representing you.
- Use the same kind of paper as your CV.
- Attach it in front of your CV.
- One page is enough for a cover letter.
- Write a unique cover letter for when applying to an institution.
- At the end of the letter, mention that you are more than willing to be called for an interview.
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Plenty of cheaters, including government
For years now, everyone seems to be blaming the federal government for being financially wasteful. Well folks, let’s turn that gaze on the true cheaters in this country.
People blame President Obama for too much money spent on social programs. They blamed Bush for too much money spent on military spending. The people always seem to blame the party in charge, however, it’s not the party in charge that should shoulder the blame. It’s the American people.
Let’s see, who cheats? Everyone who holds back anything on taxes, anyone that receives insurance benefits they don’t deserve it, everyone who is happy to get wrong change in the market, people who don’t put money in parking meters, people who have driving tickets and try to get them “fixed.”
Do you want more? Spouses who cheat on spouses, workers who play on the computer on company time, businessmen who pad their expense budget, gas stations that gouge consumers, corporations who fix prices and overcharge consumers, mechanics who don’t really fix, teachers who don’t teach, government officials who go to work as lobbyists for companies who they gave benefits too, generals who now work for mil. hard ware companies, banks that charge rates for money that are absurd, wall street brokers who almost brought the system down.
OK, enough examples of cheating. We start this early when we cheat on tests in school or copy someone else’s work. There is in America an all consuming ethic that says, go ahead, get ahead, never mind the ethics.
Is everyone guilty? Probably not. But we get the political leaders we deserve because they – like Pogo said – are us. We are amazed when someone is honest and returns money or a lost wallet or ring. Honesty is more news than theft and dishonesty.
Why should we be so amazed at this or that politico who lines his or her pockets. That is what goes on in this country. From the welfare cheat all the way to the corporate heads who steal billions, there is a sense of morality that has taken a back seat.
I venture to guess that if we the people were more honest we might have the right to be outraged at political money wastefulness, but as long as we take, as long as we fudge the return, as long as we turn a blind eye, to the cheating, how can we expect more?
Warren Beyer is a Mayville resident.
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Capturing the magic of Roald Dahl is a tall order. While Matilda, The Witches, and Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory are now classic children’s films, Tim Burton’s Charlie and the Chocolate Factory was a resounding letdown. Aside from an animated adaptation in 1989, Hollywood has stayed away from what would be one of Dahl’s more visually ambitious stories: The BFG. Thankfully Disney and Steven Spielberg decided to tackle the giant story, and the results are magical.
Following the story of an ordinary girl in extraordinary circumstances The BFG begins at night. Sophie (Ruby Barnhill) is tiptoeing around late one night. Or is it early one morning? Regardless of semantics, it is during “The Witching Hour,” when strange things stir. Sophie hears the regular drunkards down on the street below her window in the orphanage, but she also hears something bigger. A giant comes ambling along the street too. Standing tall above the buildings, the giant sees Sophie spying on him, and then grabs her from her bed. Racing across the land and sea the giant only stops when he is back to giant country and Sophie is a safe distance away from telling his secrets. While Sophie would much rather head back home, she is a smart and curious girl who enjoys an adventure.
The BFG (Mark Rylance) has kind eyes and troubles of his own. He is the smallest giant and the nine other giants in his land will not let him forget this. Together with Sophie they are able to accomplish anything they set out to accomplish.
The messages in the film are not groundbreaking or even new, but they are important. The BFG is bullied by his fellow giants, but needs to stand up to them. Rather than hitting back, and lowering himself to their level, he outsmarts them. Even more important than that is the lesson of the importance of listening to children. Too often adults do not believe children, especially when they are going on about magical imaginary creatures. While this distrust makes for a great plot device, it is bad social training for kids to learn that adults won’t listen to them. In The BFG, Sophie knows not only that help from adults is the best way to solve their problems, but that their plan would fail if adults did not believe her. She puts a lot of trust in adults, which is asking a lot of an orphan who could just as easily not trust anyone. The BFG too trusts humans, because even though he has been bullied for eons, he still trusts that people are good.
But The BFG is not all lessons and morals. The film manages to capture the wonder and magic of Dahl’s world. The giant’s land is beautiful and mountainous. The BFG’s house is filled with gadgets and dream jars. But best of all, the land where he catches and jars those dreams is a fantastical place of light and curiosity. This scene departs far away from what is in the original book, but the feeling of chasing dreams across a field is maintained even after Spielberg took some liberties with the source.
It is this fantastical world and childlike sense of adventure which makes The BFG entertaining for adults too. Rather than relying on topical jokes to make a kid’s movie fun for older audiences, this instead reminds adults what it feels like to be a kid. You remember the magic and the fantasy, and what it was like to naively believe in the good of your fellow humans.
It is this dedication to the world of Dahl and the magic of believing in people and giants which make The BFG work. Its moral lessons are for children and it also reminds adults what it means to be a kid again. Just delightful.
Director: Steven Spielberg
Film Length: 110 minutes
Release Date: July 1, 2016
- Score - 8/108/10
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The Williams Company received permission from the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection in November to replace 2,200 feet of existing natural gas pipeline in East Brandywine and East Caln townships.
A disagreement over the best method to cross the Brandywine Creek is unresolved.
In April, the company formally asked permission to replace about 2,200 feet of the existing 30-inch pipe with new 42-inch pipe and to do so by use of the open-cut/coffer dam method, which was rejected by state officials in 2009. The new pipeline would cross Ludwig’s Run and the section of the Brandywine Creek’s east branch about 0.8 miles upstream of the Downingtown Regional Water Authority in East Brandywine and East Caln. The rest of the pipe for a nearly seven-mile stretch is currently 42 inches, and the replacement will enable internal safety inspections by the Williams’ machines.
The Department of Environmental Protection’s approval of the permit came after an extended period of public comment and interaction. Local legislators and officials, including State Senator Andy Dinniman, D-19th of West Whiteland, and John Rafferty Jr., R-44th of Collegeville, were also heavily involved.
Public meetings with open discussions about Williams’ permit application and proposed replacement method began in May 2012, when Dinniman invited Williams representatives to present their plan to other local elected and environmental leaders.
Dinniman said he requested the meetings because of questions and concerns about the open-cut/coffer dam method proposed, and wanted to engage the community about the plan before the state could make a decision.
In the open-cut/coffer dam method, the company would dam off a section of the creek about two-thirds of the width of the water allowing the water to pass by on the other third. They would then pump all of the water out of the dammed off section and dig a trench for pipe.
The coffer dam construction method was first proposed and rejected by the state in 2009. Dinniman and State Representative Curt Schroder, R-155th of East Brandywine, successfully worked on that proposal with then-DEP Secretary John Hanger and Gov. Ed Rendell to prevent Williams Co., of Tulsa, Okla., from using the open-trench method it is again sought permission to use. The department told Williams in 2009 that they could complete the entire project, except for the 2,200-foot section due to the proposed methods of crossing the creek.
Throughout the public meetings in May, July, and August, various audience members preferred an alternative to Williams’ method known as horizontal directional drilling.
Under the drilling method, Williams would use different sized drills to eventually create a 54-inch hole that the pipe could then be fed through. The hole would be the whole 2,200 feet long. Under the damming method, about nine acres of land would be disturbed, whereas about 13.5 acres would be affected under the drilling method. The damming method would take about two to three months with about two to three weeks spent in the creek, while the drilling method would take between four and six months with no time in the water.
Concerns about the proposal were voiced by local officials, environmental groups, businesses and residents that packed the meetings for discussions, which included representatives from the Stroud Water Research Center, the Brandywine Conservancy, the Delaware River Keeper Network, the Valley Forge chapter of Trout Unlimited, Clean Water Action, the Sierra Club, the West Chester Fish, Game & Wildlife Association, and the Pipeline Safety Coalition. Local water-resources experts were also in attendance to analyze the plan, ask questions, and suggest possible alternatives or conditions.
In spite of the concerns and alternate proposals, the Department of Environmental Protection approved the project on Nov. 14. The approvals include a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permit to address runoff during construction and a Chapter 105 Water Obstruction and Encroachment permit required for stream crossings.
“We are confident that this work can proceed safely and with careful regard for the environment and the community,” said Cosmo Servidio, the department’s southeast regional director.
It is estimated that the construction will affect almost one acre of open water, and could also indirectly affect two unnamed tributaries in the work area.
According to Dinniman, the approval has set a precedent as more pipeline projects appear in Chester County, not only for the Brandywine Creek, but also for all of the county’s waterways.
“In order for the natural gas to have value, it has to travel east and get to market,” said Dinniman. “And that requires the installation of additional pipelines across our rivers and creeks, through our agricultural easements, and across our steep slopes, which are already sensitive to development and prone to water runoff and flooding.”
According to Dinniman, the permit approval did not surprise him, and was an indication that the Department of Environmental Protection was uninterested in an evaluation from researchers at the Stroud Preserve and the Brandywine Conservancy.
“It’s now up to the environmental groups, (and) whether they wish to go to court on this issue,” Dinniman said.
According to Dennis Newbold, research scientist emeritus for the Stroud Water Research Center, who gave testimony during the public hearing hosted by the DEP in August, the precedent that the decision sets is of concern.
In Newbold’s testimony, he recommended that the DEP require the pipeline company to continuously monitor any increased turbidity via automated monitors, and that if turbidity exceeded certain limits then the project would be stopped. Such a measure would help prevent possible damage to populations of fish and other aquatic life, especially if the number of pipeline projects running through the Brandywine Creek increases.
“Even moderate turbidity increases will add up,” said Newbold. “The cumulative impact could be large because of the precedent-setting potential.”
According to Newbold, most of the special conditions stipulated by the DEP in its approval are “quite normal conditions that would be associated with any other permit.”
Follow Daily Local News staff writer Sara Mosqueda-Fernandez on Twitter @DailyLocalSara.
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Such a land and such a history.
Always longed for so earnestly,
oh Israel, what a price has been paid.
But you've claimed our love,
and you've made us brave.
And what a source of pride you have become,
For your land has blossomed like a new former flower.
Some call it hard work and toil!
That is true, but it is a miracle too.
Once so barren, and now your deserts bloom.
And your cities, your cities live again.
Your ancient Wall echoes with the prayers
of the people throughout the years.
And your soil, it is so rich in minerals,
But far richer still in blood and tears.
The elders say you are not really free
outside these boundaries.
That is why you fight to keep your liberty.
Some will never return,
and others bear the marks of pain and misery.
But oh, much rather to die for freedom
than to live in captivity.
I hope one morning soon when I am about to rise,
I shall hear the shofar's call piercing through the skies.
I will laugh and God knows I will cry
because this will be Messiah's time.
I will sing and I will dance knowing
True peace, true shalom is here at last.
by bob van der werff
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Born Nov. 6, 1879, in Pažegei, Larasai Raion; died Dec. 2, 1924, in Königsberg. Lithuanian linguist. Graduated from the University of St. Petersburg. Professor at the universities of Tomsk (1919-20) and Kaunas (after 1922). Specialist in the Baltic and Slavic languages.
BŪga studied the historical grammar and etymology of Lithuanian, problems of loanwords from neighboring languages into Lithuanian, and also problems of Russian and Slavic etymology in general. He made an important contribution to the study of the relationships between the Baltic languages and other Indo-European languages.
WORKSRinktiniai raštai, vols. 1-3. Vilnius, 1958-62.
REFERENCESMažiulis, V. “K. Buga.” In Voprosy slavianskogo iazykoznaniia, issue 3. Moscow, 1958.
Būténas, I., and I. Kruopas. Kalbininkas Kaziemieras Būga. Vilnius, 1955.
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Just because you have a bright idea doesn't mean you can patent it. You must develop that idea into an invention and present the invention to the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office in the form of a patent application. If you have a real invention that you can describe to the USPTO, you don't have to worry about proving your idea. The application itself acts as proof of your underlying idea.
Ideas vs. Inventions
For the purposes of the USPTO, ideas are not patentable. Only inventions can be patented. A patentable invention must be a process, a machine, a composition of matter -- something that can be manufactured or an improvement on anything already created. Patent law prohibits the patenting of abstract ideas, mathematical algorithms, physical phenomena and laws of nature. Such ideas belong to the public domain for everyone to use. However, if an invention makes use of your idea, that invention may be patentable.
Reduction to Practice
For the purposes of patent law, proving an invention means that you have established what the law calls a "reduction to practice." Reducing an invention to practice might take the form of building the invention, building a model of the invention, conducting lab tests or doing something so the invention must be recognized and appreciated. This reduction to practice can be performed by someone other than the inventor.
Even if you don't prove the invention works by building it, you can prove it works through a constructive reduction to practice. You can achieve a constructive reduction to practice by filing a patent application. The law does not require you to provide evidence of conception or actual reduction to practice if you rely on the contents of the patent application.
A complete patent application acts as a constructive reduction to practice because it discloses everything that a reasonable person who is skilled in the art must know to make and use the invention. This disclosure has the effect of proving the invention to the examiner. The disclosure must be complete and show every element of the invention. Most patent applications include detailed drawings for this purpose.
- Jupiterimages/Photos.com/Getty Images
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Dr Lalit Pukhrambam at Wayne State University School of Medicine is researching how to find a cure for the blinding eye disease of diabetic retinopathy by targeting a protein called thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), as we find out here
By way of an introduction, we know that diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of several organ complications of diabetes mellitus – a progressive microvascular disease leading to blindness. Unfortunately, the number of patients with diabetes and DR will increase enormously in the future and as such, the familial and societal economic burden is enormous. Sadly, there is no cure or preventive measures to tackle this devastating eye disease.
While current treatment methods include laser coagulation and anti-VEGF antibody injection in the vitreous, most patients don’t respond to these treatments. Therefore, the author underlines the urgent need for the identification of the new pathogenic gene(s) and an understanding of the molecular and biochemical pathways in DR. It’s, therefore, very fitting that Wayne State University School of Medicine is actively working to identify new targets and innovative therapies.
This in-depth analysis also features special sections on the thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), TXNIP in mitophagy-lysosome axis dysregulation, as well as transcription factor EB (TFEB) and the CLEAR Network. The author concludes by saying that current innovative research in the U.S. and around the globe is promising to find a cure for this blinding eye disease.
I urge you to read more about the excellent work coming from Wayne State University School of Medicine in this most informative piece of analysis.
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Community Development Society (CDS) seeks to alleviate poverty and empower the marginalised families in and around Nagpur. It aims to provide sustainable livelihood by providing micro loans and basic business training to the needy, especially to aspiring women candidates and members of Self Help Groups set up by CDS. CDS also provides community based support like healthcare services and pre-primary education through Balwadis. It focusses on the holistic transformation of poor people through self-employment, vocational training and guidance, health awareness camps and women empowerment.
Community Health/Immunization/HIV/AIDS Awareness: CDS reaches out to the needy communities in urban and rural slums in Maharashtra through its branches. They conduct health awareness campaigns and provide medicines and vaccines free of cost. The necessity of this comes from the poor and under privileged communities in which they work.
Academic Education Program: As per the request of slum dwellers, English is used as the medium of instruction at kindergarten schools in urban and rural slums.
Entrepreneurship Training: Start up and development skills are taught to Self-Help Group members so that they may sustain their businesses. The organisation also provides consultations for those women who may be facing problems in running their own businesses. Vocational training is given to potential clients for starting or expanding small businesses. CDS offers career and vocational guidance to high school and college students and organises Leadership Training Camps for them.
Investments in Microfinance: CDS arranges loans for women in Self-Help Groups. Most members repay their loans and run small businesses profitably. CDS encourages these members to put money aside in savings at higher interest rates to keep micro finance activities operational. Through its micro sized loans CDS has touched and transformed the lives of about 1,81,000 individuals across several districts of Maharashtra since 1985.
Agriculture Experiment Program: CDS conducts social awareness programs in villages, targeting small land owners in Nagpur and Amravati district. CDS provides guidance, consultation and small loans to buy fertilisers, seeds, cows, goats and buffaloes to enable them to do a side business. Some generous donors give grants to buy tractors and farm equipment.
Income Rs19 lac
Expense Rs33 lac
Source : Audit Report 2015
Read other NGO Snapshots
All the essential information on an NGO
Pune Neurosciences Trust and Research Society's Samavedana
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In this post, we are presenting for you the 51 Quotes Journey of a Thousand Miles which is all about the journey of a thousand miles and what actually means a journey of a thousand miles. We have the best quotes in this post that have been said by the authors for this phrase.
Everything is a journey until unless it has a starting point and a destination however in life you will find multiple types of journey, from the journey of growing up to the journey of becoming successful.
Thinking about providing you with the best quotes about the phrase “Journey of a Thousand Miles”, we have gathered the Quotes which are specific about all the different journeys we go through in life and have an effect on the reader by motivation and Inspire in the journey of their life.
These quotes can also be shared with the people you think needs the motivation to inspire themselves in their journeys in life, these quotes perfectly showcase the simplicity of life and journey.
51 Quotes Journey of a Thousand Miles is selected by the Tales By Males editorial team which has been told by Famous Authors, Spiritual Gurus, and Leaders from all around the world.
We have selected these Quotes about the Journey of a Thousand Miles from the thousand of Quotes on Journey so it can impact our reader hard. Our motive is to provide our readers with the legit information that is up to the mark instead of presenting junk.
So let’s jump right into Quotes Journey of a Thousand Miles.
Here are the 51 Best Quotes about the Journey of a Thousand Miles
- “Peace is a journey of a thousand miles and it must be taken one step at a time.” Lyndon B. Johnson
- “Once a year, go someplace you’ve never been before.” Dalai Lama
- “It’s the journey which ends; not the roads.” Rajesh Walecha
- “And then I realized adventures are the best way to learn.” Harshit Gupta
- “The more that you read, the more things you will know. The more that you learn, the more places you’ll go.” Dr. Seuss
- “The remarkable journey of a person lies in his visions and not a followed path of anyone else.” Aayush Verma
- “Our battered suitcases were piled on the sidewalk again; we had longer ways to go. But no matter, the road is life” Jack Kerouac
- “Do the difficult things while they are easy and do the great things while they are small. A journey of a thousand miles must begin with a single step.” Laozi
- “I am learning to trust the journey even when I do not understand it.” Mila Bronit
- “It is pointless to embark on any journey if you do not believe yourself worthy of the destination.” Anthon St. Maarten
- “From there to here, and here to there, funny things are everywhere.” Dr. Seuss
- “There is a bend in the road. I don’t know what lies around that bend, but I hope for the best.” Lucy Maud Montgomery
- “Not everyone will understand your journey. That’s fine. It’s not their journey to make sense of it’s yours.” Harshit Gupta
- “The journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. Watch your step.” Thomas S. Monson
- “Stop worrying about the potholes in the road and enjoy the journey.” Babs Hoffman
- “Tough roads always lead to a beautiful destination. Everyone is not meant to experience that beauty.” Muzaffar Ahmad Noori Bajwa
- “You have brains in your head. You have feet in your shoes. You can steer yourself any direction you choose. You’re on your own. And you know what you know. And YOU are the one who’ll decide where to go.” Dr. Seuss
- “It’s your road and yours alone, others may walk it with you, but no one can walk it for you.” Harshit Gupta
- “The journey to a peaceful and blessed life begins when you take 100 percent responsibility for your life instead of blaming others.” Nitin Namdeo
- “A journey of a thousand miles must begin with a single step.” Lao Tzu
- “Never ever hurt anyone in this journey. We are all travelers and we must carry kindness in our baggage!” Avijeet Das
- “This is your journey, your body, your mind, and your spirit. Dig deep, own it, and start doing things for you and by you.” Harshit Gupta
- “The woods are lovely, dark, and deep. But I have promises to keep and miles to go before I sleep.” Robert Frost
- “Things may happen and often do to people as brainy and footsy as you” Dr. Seuss
- “This is the journey of your life. Don’t try to explain it to others, because only you can see it.” Nitin Namdeo
- “The journey of a thousand miles begins with a cash advance.” Alton Brown
- “Never compare your journey with someone else’s. Your journey is your journey, not a competition.” Harshit Gupta
- “The bliss of existence is a blessed excursion through time.” Lailah Gifty Akita
- “It’s an opener, out there, in the wide, open air.” Dr. Seuss
- “Life is a journey which never lets you know when and where it will end.” Biju Karakkonam
- “Most of your healing journey will be about unlearning the patterns of self-protection that once kept you safe.” Harshit Gupta
- “A journey of a thousand miles starts with a single step and if that step is the right step, it becomes the last step.” Laozi
- “A long journey should always end with a blissful rest.” Anonymous
- “You can get so confused that you’ll start into the race down long wiggled roads at a break-necking pace and grind on for miles across weirdish wild space, headed, I fear, toward a most useless place, The Waiting Place.” Dr. Seuss
- “Success is a journey, not a destination. The doing is often more important than the outcome.” Arthur Ashe
- “You take people, you put them on a journey, you give them peril, you find out who they really are.” Joss Whedon
- “During your journey in life, you will learn that some friendships and love stories start always with an expiry date!” Shadi Kamal Kandil
- “A tree that can fill the span of a man’s arms grows from a downy tip; A terrace nine stories high rises from level earth, A journey of a thousand miles starts from beneath one’s feet.” Lao Tzu
- “The life, reached, a strange destination journey started in the search of peace, But now, sleep, the tranquillity of the soul, all lost.” Saarthak Haldar
- “The best education I have ever received was through travel.” Lisa Ling
- “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single happy delusion that it can be done without a stop-over.” Robert Breault
- “God has no secrets. He does not lead you through a world of misery, waiting to tell you, at the journey’s end, why He did this to you.” Anonymous
- “A journey of a thousand miles continues with the second step.” Larry Wall
- “I have found out that there ain’t a no surer way to find out whether you like people or hate them than to travel with them.” Mark Twain
- “Our first stage of existence is truly honored by the magnificent view of our destination.” Sergio Tinoco
- “It was either me or Confucius that said the journey of a thousand miles begins with a vicious ass raping at airport security.” Doug Stanhope
- “Throughout this journey of life, we meet many people along the way. Each one has a purpose in our life. No one we meet is ever a coincidence.” Mimi Novic
- “The only impossible journey is the one you never begin.” Tony Robbins
- “Sometimes it’s the journey that teaches you a lot about your destination.” Drake
- “Some beautiful paths can’t be discovered without getting lost.” Erol Ozan
- “Because in the end, you won’t remember the time you spent working in the office or mowing your lawn. Climb that goddamn mountain.” Jack Kerouac
Journey of Thousand Miles begins with a single step
We hope these Quotes Journey of a Thousand Miles would have Inspired you towards the journey of your thousand miles and give you the motivation to keep moving one mile at a time without thinking about the destination and feel more the journey of those thousand miles.
If you liked Quotes Journey of a Thousand Miles then please Like us on our Facebook page talesbymales and also please follow us on our Instagram talesbymales.
You will stay updated with our new quotes like Motivational Quotes to keep moving, Jesus Quotes on Faith, and Quotes to Live your dream.
Our only motto is to provide the best content for our readers. For us satisfactory readers matter the most. If you are an aspiring writer then our door is always open for you to write for us and get featured.
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