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What you needStyrofoam egg ( any size, but 6" works best, esp. for little fingers )
1/4" ribbon - 2, cut in 6" pieces
ribbon rose or straw flower, etc. ( about the size of your thumbnail )
tissue paper (colored and torn
into small workable pieces)
straight pins - 3
glitter (any color to your liking )
Also, you will need a disposable paintbrush, a container in which to put your glue, an old coffee can with a plastic lid or an old egg carton, newspapers to keep your area clean, and a craft stick.
A little imagination……a little crafting………..this very inexpensive craft can quickly become a piece of beauty, well treasured by even the most unappreciative of the works of a budding artisan.
OK, let’s get started…………
Take the pointy end of the bamboo skewer and poke it into the fat end of the Styrofoam egg (not too far). It should look like a Styrofoam lollipop. Set it aside for now.
Meantime, take a knife (if little ones are doing this craft, get an adult to do this part) and make a hole in either the coffee can lid or the egg carton. This should just be a slit that the bamboo skewer will fit into.
Take the newspaper and spread it out to protect the area.
Put about 3 T. of white glue in the container. Add water. Just a bit at a time. Mix until it resembles milk (if you need more later you can always make more). Dab a section of the Styrofoam egg with the paintbrush dipped into the glue mixture.
Put a piece of the torn tissue paper on top of that. Cover with more glue. Smooth all the bumps and wrinkles gently with your paintbrush (it’s easiest if you work from center outward to the edges of the paper). When you are satisfied, cover the entire Styrofoam egg in the same manner (only the egg NOT the skewer).
While it’s still wet, sprinkle with glitter all over.
Put the skewer in the slit you made on the coffee can or egg carton (or whatever else you think will work). Allow to dry overnight.
Meanwhile take your pieces of ribbon, make a bow with one and a hanging loop with the other (this can be done by tying the ends together).
After your egg is completely dry, remove the skewer. Push the straight pin directly through the knot of your hanging loop and into the top of your Styrofoam egg (the uppermost top of the skinny part).
Pushing another straight pin through the center of your flower, insert it over the ends of the hanging loop to hide them. Use the same technique to add the bow directly opposite the hanging loop (this one should be on the fat end).
There you have it! I have witnessed some really creative adaptations to this.
One little boy actually made a basketfull in different colors for his aunt as a Christmas present and I had a Girl Scout troop decorate an entire room ceiling in green ones for a St. Patrick’s day party (they varied the lengths of the hanging loops, it was beautiful!). Someone once made me a wreath with pastel eggs and baby’s breath for Easter and I even saw a white Christmas tree with nothing but red ones on it (talk about breathtaking!).
The point is this is easy, inexpensive and very adaptable. So have fun with it. Experiment. Try different colors, use more than one color at the same time, contrast the glitter, decorate other stuff or use different shapes of Styrofoam.
LET YOUR IMAGINATION SOAR!
After all, creativity is one of God’s gifts to us.
If you do make one, send it to us and we can update this project! | <urn:uuid:1a2f93fd-4d64-454f-9871-dd417e4ec362> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://craftbits.com/project/awesome-egg-ornament/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279410.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00166-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.915414 | 823 | 1.65625 | 2 |
‘Mirror’ is a double-layered poem: The mirror, personified and equipped with senses, sees and depicts its world in the most honest terms; then we see our own world from the mirror’s perspective—how raw and tormenting it is. Why the author chooses to personify a mirror as the poem’s narrator is firstly because it is an object most closely associated with a woman who seeks to see “what she really is” (11). When she is young, the mirror cheerfully reflects and praises her youthful beauty, letting her contemplate on her own appearance.
When she is old, it cruelly reminds her of time’s meddling in her fading beauty and how life has passed and left her behind. Secondly, the mirror reflects the world just as it is—it cannot lie to us—and faithfully shows us all signs of aging, sorrow, pain and sickness that appear in our face. The theme of the poem is the effects of time reflected in the mirror, how it “has drowned a young girl” and makes a woman become “an old woman”. Adverbs depicting the motion of time are employed throughout the poem: “most of the time” (6), “so long” (7), “over and over” (9), “Now” (10), “Each morning” (16), “day after day” (18).
The irony is deliberated in the difference between the mirror’s reflection and cognition of changes in the outside world. The woman who looks at the mirror is sad because her beauty and youthfulness are fading while her tears and agitation are considered “rewards” by the mirror. In the first stanza, the mirror simply tries to define its existence and introduce the reader to its world using its own language register. In the opening line, the mirror describes its appearance and unique quality, “I am silver and exact. I have no preconception. ”(1).
The word ‘swallow’ demonstrates Plath’s sensitivities and playfulness in her personification and imagery: everything is instantly reflected inside the mirror as if the mirror has devoured them. Next, mirror immediately explains its ‘non-discriminatory’ behaviours as being truthful rather than cruel. In the last four lines of stanza 1, the mirror honestly describes its bounded world. Ironically, even though the mirror reflects everything truthfully and exactly with no preconceptions or prejudice, it seems to live in self-created illusions, that the opposite wall is “a part of my heart”.
Line 8 presents the mirror with human characteristics, not “the eye of a little god, four-cornered” as it describes itself. Nevertheless, its world constantly collides with the world outside it—our world: “it flickers. //Faces and darkness separate us over and over. ” In the first stanza, the use of caesura in most of the sentences interrupts the flow of the poem but gives the mirror its own tone: emphatic and meditative. The enjambment between line 2 and 3 as well as between line 7 and 8 allow the mirror to reflect on itself naturally and coherently.
In stanza 2, the mirror ironically creates another illusion, “Now I am a lake” (10), which is in contrast with its claim to be “only truthful”. It proudly demonstrates its usefulness in helping a woman to see “what she really is”. The images of the “candles” and “moon” (12) may symbolize fragility, inconstancy and instability which contrast with how faithfully it serves the woman (13). The connection between the mirror and the woman strengthens by day: it is important to her and she brightens its existence. Nevertheless, its unintended cruelty is shown in its being “only truthful” (4).
The simile ‘like a terrible fish’ is consistent with the mirror’s illusion that it is a lake but it shows Plath’s grotesque and tormenting view of aging—as a destructive and dehumanizing process. The poem is structured as narrative prose poetry, with the use of caesura to create an emphatic tone, to present the mirror as a misunderstood, proud and honest object. The mirror exactly and dutifully reflects what appears before it and considers the changes shown in it others’ doing and completely out of its power: “she drowned a young girl, and in me an old woman//Rises toward her day after day” (17-18).
Courtney from Study Moose
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California authorities direct to stop overdoses of modern vaccines, news agency
CALIFORNIA (Reuters) – Authorities in the U.S. state of California have issued orders to stop overdoses of the modern vaccine, following reports of adverse effects in individuals.
It is believed that with the permission of the Drug Regulatory Authority, the US government has purchased crores of food from Moderna while more have been ordered. The United States agreed in August 2020 to buy 100 million vaccines from the pharmaceutical company, which was increased to 200 million in December. The US government plans to buy 100 million doses of the vaccine from Moderna. | <urn:uuid:01241be1-a7cb-4a55-ae45-5531476bd122> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thetechnologytruth.com/california-authorities-direct-to-stop-overdoses-of-modern-vaccines-news-agency/?amp=1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00475.warc.gz | en | 0.959191 | 125 | 1.625 | 2 |
The Napoleonic Wars are often seen as a clash of European powers fighting for dominance over the European continent. In many ways they were, but the Napoleonic Wars are also an example of world war before 1914. Here are seven largely forgotten facts about the Napoleonic Wars…
1) The young Napoleon showed little promise
The Bonapartes (Buonapartes in Italian) originated in Italy, but Napoleon was born into a branch of the family that moved to Corsica [an island in the Mediterranean Sea belonging to France]. His parents were both of minor Corsican nobility and had married young. The couple had had another son called Napoleon four years before the more famous one, but the child died in infancy. Growing up in Corsica, Napoleon’s first language was Italian, not French. However, as his family was well off (by Corsican standards), he and his brother Joseph were sent to military academies in France.
Napoleon did not fit in particularly well. While he did learn French, he spoke it with an accent that betrayed his roots, and he was teased for sounding like a peasant. Furthermore, the other boys came from well-connected and more affluent families, and while they were good at dancing, Napoleon’s skills lay in gardening. It was not a promising start for a boy who, at various times, dreamed of becoming an officer in the French navy or an artillery instructor in the Ottoman Empire. How different history would have been had he taken one of those routes.
Aged 15, Napoleon was admitted to the elite École Militaire in Paris. This was a huge honour, which turned into a disaster when his father died of stomach cancer while Napoleon was in his first year. The young cadet was now expected to be the family’s chief source of income, while at the same time attending one of the most expensive schools in France. The situation forced him to complete the two-year course in just one, and while he came only 42nd in a class of 58, graduation meant he could become a commissioned officer just after his 16th birthday.
By 1791, as war was about to break out across Europe, Napoleon, still a second lieutenant stationed in a sleepy garrison town, went on leave to see his family in Corsica. This was about as unexceptional a start to a military career as can be imagined. No one could have predicted that within 10 years Napoleon would be the most feared military commander in Europe, and later would become one of the greatest generals in history.
Napoleon Bonaparte as a young man, c1790s. (Photo by Ann Ronan Pictures/Print Collector/Getty Images)
2) The royal navy attacked a city
France was courting Denmark and Norway in 1801, and, if they could be persuaded to join the fight, it looked like Russia might also join them. The possibility that Denmark might attack the British mainland could not be contemplated – something had to be done.
Step forward Admiral Parker, who was sent to carry out some very British gunboat diplomacy (ie turn up with some warships and force a settlement). It wasn’t necessarily meant to be a shooting war. When the royal navy arrived, the Danish fleet was moored against the gun batteries and naval defences of the city, so a frontal assault would have been impossible.
However, Parker’s subordinate was Vice Admiral Nelson, who was just the right mix of brilliant, brave and mad. He attacked the weaker southern end of the Danish defences, which resulted in a brutal artillery duel between land and sea. Parker lacked Nelson’s grit and, on seeing the devastating effect of close-quarter cannon fire, signalled the retreat. Nelson replied with a signal that acknowledged the order, but did nothing. Instead, he lifted his telescope to his blind eye and said to his flag-captain, Thomas Foley: “You know, Foley, I only have one eye. I have the right to be blind sometimes.”
With that, he continued to press his attack. In the heat of the battle, Nelson was seen to be carefully preparing a letter for the terms of Copenhagen’s surrender – amid the roar of cannons, the screams of men and the sound of splintering wood. This forced at least one of his officers to conclude that Nelson had lost his mind, but Nelson calmly explained that if he was seen to have the time and the conditions to prepare a decent letter, it would make the Danes think they weren’t causing as much damage as they were. It was remarkable logic, and an example of the ultimate cool head under fire.
The ruse worked, and Copenhagen surrendered. Remarkably, no royal navy ships were sunk; however, around 1,000–1,200 British crew were either killed or wounded. The Danes suffered 50 per cent more casualties and lost three ships, including their flagship, the Dannebrog, when it exploded.
After this short but bloody encounter, the two nations agreed an armistice. Following this, Parker sailed the fleet to Sweden in an attempt to persuade it to break away from the armed neutrality league that had been set up in the Baltic, but the Swedes declined his offer.
As a result of Parker’s wavering at Copenhagen, followed by his rather lacklustre display in Sweden, he was relieved of duty, and Nelson was promoted to vice-admiral.
3) All sides understood the ‘propaganda war’
The Napoleonic Wars were not the first to use the medium of print for propaganda purposes – The Times, for example, started in 1785 as The Daily Universal Register, was not above bias. But this particular era of conflict excelled at printing scurrilous opinions and defamatory cartoons. The leaders of the age knew the power of the press. As Napoleon once said: “Four hostile newspapers are more to be feared than a thousand bayonets.”
However, it wasn’t just opinion pieces that influenced; imagery was often more powerful and lingered longer. Napoleon understood this, and became known for self-aggrandisement. The famous painting of him crossing the Alps (painted by the French artist Jacques-Louis David between 1801 and 1805), for example, shows a strongly idealised view of the real crossing that Napoleon and his army made across the Alps.
Napoleon Bonaparte crossing the Grand Saint-Bernard Pass, 20 May 1800. Found in the collection of the Musée de l'Histoire de France. (Photo by Fine Art Images/Heritage Images/Getty Images)
Napoleon also made sure his coronation as emperor was immortalised in oil paintings, and both he and his wife, Josephine, commissioned regal portraits of themselves in their splendid imperial robes. While Napoleon didn’t plan his own tomb, it continued the themes of power and supremacy – this time with Napoleon as an Adonis; a god among men. Brilliant general he assuredly was, but physically Napoleon was a little on the pudgy side, and had a crooked nose.
Napoleon had the twin advantages of being both a general and an absolute ruler; he was able to dictate and control the French press. Britain did not provide its monarchs and leaders with the same benefits; it had a freer press, and parliamentary democracy meant magazines could draw witheringly satirical cartoons of friend and foe alike.
For example, Napoleon’s nickname, ‘Boney’, was a British invention designed to conjure antipathy. At the time, it was thought that having some meat on your bones was a good thing; therefore, horrible old ‘Boney’ was a wraith to be feared or mocked. ‘Boney’ stood in stark contrast to the famous John Bull cartoon popularised first by British print makers. Bull was the national personification of England; a plump, down-to-earth patriot and beer lover.
Napoleon is often portrayed as compensating for his lack of stature with comically large hats and boots. But to set the record straight, Napoleon wasn’t short. This misunderstanding arose because French measurements were different to British ones, and we now know that Napoleon was a little taller than the average man of his time (although he would probably have looked diminutive standing next to someone like the Duke of Wellington).
The idea that Napoleon was short still exists to this day, all thanks to British propaganda from 200 years ago.
4) The best way to defeat Spain was to invade Argentina
By 1806, Britain had been at war almost constantly for well over a decade. Its continental allies were continually being humbled by French armies, and Britain’s own contributions to the war thus far had been mainly naval victories. However, William Pitt and Sir Home Riggs Popham (the British royal naval commander) had been mulling over for a year or so ideas to weaken France’s main ally, Spain.
Spain’s South American empire was largely undefended. Trying to resist a British invasion there would take Spanish troops away from the resources that Napoleon could use in Europe. So, in short, it was decided (by Popham, without authorisation) that the best way to win a war against France in Europe was to invade Argentina in South America.
These operations were referred to as the British invasions of the Río de la Plata. Britain achieved early success when it captured Buenos Aires – one of the key cities in the area – and held it for more than a month. When the invaders were ejected, it wasn’t thanks to the arrival of Spanish troops, but an uprising of the local population.
In 1807, the British responded by sending a larger invasion force – this time successfully storming Montevideo, where they stayed for a few months just to prove a point. Shortly afterwards, the British sent a third force back to Buenos Aires, but after heavy fighting with a combined force of Spanish soldiers standing side-by-side with the local militia, they were pushed back and suffered more than 50 per cent casualties.
The British lost this campaign. It was an ambitious plan that had assumed resistance could only be achieved by Spanish regular troops. In fact, it was the bravery of the locals that saved Río de la Plata from becoming part of the British empire.
The repercussions of this attempted invasion were unforeseen by everyone. The Spanish were, at first, overjoyed that their colonies had resisted so resolutely. However, those same colonies felt their actions had earned them the right to be considered the equal of their colonial masters in Spain.
The Spanish were, at this time, also having serious trouble with a French invasion of their own country, so could do little. By 1810, the South American colonies felt confident enough to carry out their own revolution (the May Revolution), which removed the Spanish Viceroy and set up a local government for the first time.
This led, in July 1816, to the declaration of independence for the United Provinces of South America, which later became known as Argentina. At the time, some of the ex-Spanish colonies were at war with each other but, overall, shrugging off the old colonial overlord was seen as beneficial.
The irony then was that while Britain lost the campaign, it achieved its goals of weakening Spain and distracting Spanish priorities and forces. Another irony is that today in Argentina, Britain’s actions of 1806–7 are seen as the trigger for independence, and are widely considered to have been a good thing.
5) Nobody expected the Spanish Inquisition to end
The story of the Spanish Inquisition [a tribunal established in 1478 by Catholic Monarchs Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile, intended to maintain Catholic orthodoxy in their kingdoms] is a long and complex one. However, the first area to come under its scrutiny was in 12th-century France. The more notorious version of these religious enquiries into potential heretics or apostates started in Spain in the late 15th century, and never really went away until the 19th century.
The French Revolution (which began in 1789) sparked real concerns in Spain. King Charles IV worried about how his people might regard the wealth and power not only of the monarchy, but also of the church. With this in mind, he took steps to clip the wings of the Spanish Inquisition. A number of the monolithic Catholic organisations were anathema to the enlightenment ideals of revolutionary France, and there were a number of times Napoleon (and others) dismantled century old ‘Holy Cows’ in the name of modernity.
When the French invaded Malta they had ended the Hospitallers; a religious organisation founded in the Middle Ages. Napoleon also abolished another ancient organisation, the Holy Roman Empire, the argument being that it too was a remnant of a theocratic past incompatible with a new Europe. So it should therefore come as little surprise that once the French invaded Spain, it was Joseph Bonaparte who tried to abolish the Spanish Inquisition once and for all.
However, Bonaparte was king of Spain from 1808 to 1813, which wasn't long enough to overthrow all the old ways. Consequently, by 1814 the inquisition was back in business. The last person to be killed by the Spanish Inquisition was a teacher in 1826, for suggesting so-called heretical ideas. The inquisition was officially abolished in 1834.
An Auto da Fe illustrated in Historia Inqisitionis, published 1692. Ritual of public penance of condemned heretics and apostates that took place under the directives of the Spanish Inquisition. (Photo by Universal History Archive/UIG via Getty Images)
6) The showdown at Waterloo was delayed due to rain
With the battles of Quatre Bras and Ligny fought on 16 June 1815, and all the main forces still in roughly the same area, it would have been safe to assume that the next clash would be on the 17th. However, there were surprises in store for everyone.
First of all, Marshall Ney, Napoleon’s right-hand man returned to Quatre Bras to fight the second round of this encounter… except that when he got there, he found that Wellington had largely moved on. The challenge then was to find the allied positions and engage. However, while a brief skirmish did take place between the British and French on the 17th, it quickly faded as the heavens opened and torrential rain lashed all the armies for hours.
A year earlier, Wellington had been in this very region, and had recognised that a ridge with a reverse slope would be the perfect defensive position for a battle, should one ever take place in the area. Now was the time, and he positioned his forces both along and behind the ridge, located near the small Belgian town of Waterloo.
Wellington spent the night at a Waterloo inn, impatiently waiting for communication from the Prussian leader Blücher. It finally came at around 2am. After that, Wellington was wide awake and spent the rest of the night consulting with his officers and sending out orders.
Blücher’s message had been delayed while he argued with his subordinate, Gneisenau, about how their forces could effectively work with Wellington’s. Blücher knew that a concentration of troops was the best bet to beat Napoleon; however, Gneisenau distrusted the British.
Meanwhile, Napoleon was unusually indecisive. Grouchy had not advanced as fast as he’d hoped, and in the middle of the night Napoleon was seen going for a walk. He sent ambiguous orders to Grouchy who, instead of coming to his aid, continued to advance towards Wavre. Napoleon bedded down in a farmhouse and, in the morning, had fine breakfast with his officers. When they expressed concerns about Wellington – the only major allied general Napoleon had yet to face on the battlefield – Napoleon admonished them by saying: “Just because you have all been beaten by Wellington, you think he's a good general. I tell you Wellington is a bad general; the English are bad troops, and this affair is nothing more than eating breakfast.”
On the morning of 18 June, Napoleon delayed the start of battle as he waited for the ground to harden after the downpour of the previous day. This, he believed, would make it easier to reposition his artillery, and would allow better conditions for cavalry movements. He gave Ney operational command and could be seen sitting in an armchair, miles from the front line. It seems that Napoleon had been, once again, struck down with illness, and his haemorrhoids made it impossible for him to remain in the saddle for the whole day.
7) Waterloo was not the final battle against France
Conflicts are messy. Therefore, it should come as no surprise that there is no neat ending to this period of warfare. Waterloo was undeniably the most pivotal battle of this campaign, and it shattered Napoleon’s authority – less than a week after the battle, Napoleon abdicated. But the fighting had been in Belgium, and the race was now on to get to the French capital to ensure an allied army was present to oversee the dismantling of Napoleonic power and the return of Louis XVIII.
The French, however, didn’t see things in quite the same way. They had around 65,000 troops in the area [25,000 others had been killed or wounded at Waterloo, and 9,000 captured], and French General Vandamme led part of that army out to meet the approaching Prussians at a small town to the south of Paris. Wellington’s forces were also on their way, so quite what Vandamme was hoping to achieve is uncertain. He might not have been able to win in the long run, but in the short term he’d be damned if he’d allow Blücher to march to the capital without a fight.
The allies had come in a southerly direction because Paris’s main defences had been constructed north of the Seine. The battle was a Prussian/French affair because Vandamme chose to attack Blücher, rather than Wellington. Battle commenced on 2 July 1815 around the town of Issy and the commanding heights of Meudon. That night a council in Paris discussed whether it was time to surrender; however, it was Davout, one of Napoleon’s most loyal and talented marshals, who dug in his heels and insisted that Vandamme should try to oust the Prussians from their position.
The next day the French attacked the Prussians (who by now had barricaded themselves in) with artillery fire. Then the French infantry advanced. After fierce fighting, the French were driven back, only to regroup and try to break the Prussians once more. This attempt also failed, and for the rest of the day the French alternated between pounding the Prussians with cannon fire and then surging forwards with an infantry assault.
Napoleon's retreat from the battle of Waterloo. Original Artwork after a painting by Steuben. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images)
But the French never threw everything they had into any assault. Vandamme, for reasons unknown, never fully committed to the battle, and because of this the Prussians were able to hold their positions (despite high casualties). Ultimately, the French were forced to retreat back to Paris.
The Prussians pursued Vandamme’s retreating men, and some forward units even clashed with the French rear guard in the Parisian suburbs. This was quickly followed by a unilateral French ceasefire, and by now, Wellington had linked up with Blücher. Allied negotiators met French representatives at the Palace of St Cloud, chosen as a relatively neutral location. It was here that Paris formally surrendered in a hastily created document now rather formally known as ‘The Convention of St Cloud’. Ironically, the palace was destroyed by German troops the next time the Prussians attacked Paris, in 1870.
In summary, the Napoleonic Wars are like most of history – a swirling mass of facts, with areas that simply don’t fit into an easy narrative. But they shaped the political and cultural landscapes from Egypt to Russia and from Argentina to Belgium. Today, their legacy reverberates throughout Europe and beyond.
The above facts are abridged versions taken from Jem Duducu’s The Napoleonic Wars in 100 Facts (Amberley Publishing, 2015). To find out more, click here.
Jem is also known as @HistoryGems on Facebook and Twitter. | <urn:uuid:7d31b266-7ab9-4455-b537-60a58c2aa3fe> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.historyextra.com/article/international-history/7-surprising-facts-about-napoleonic-wars-waterloo-napoleon | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281226.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00375-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.98271 | 4,281 | 3.09375 | 3 |
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Bengaluru: Predictive studies opine that the 4th wave of the Covid-19 will start in June-July and last till September, stated Karnataka Health Minister K. Sudhakar on Tuesday. “Karnataka is prepared to face it,” he added.
He said that there is no need to worry as of now. The new XE variant of Covid-19 is prominent in 8 countries and people arriving from that country are being screened, he said. Answering a question, he said that the mask is still essential and there will be no relaxation but said that there is no need to worry about the 4th wave. 5,000 children in the age group 6-12 who are not yet eligible for vaccine will be said.
Speaking about India’s vaccination progress, Sudhakar pointed out that many vaccines previously given to kids reached India a long time after they were available elsewhere in the world. “I don’t want to bring politics in this collective fight against pandemic, but people should know this. During the last 70 years when other parties ruled, vaccines came much later to India compared to the rest of the world.”
Hepatitis B vaccine was introduced across the world in 1985 but came to India only by 2005. Compared to the rest of the world, the BCG vaccine came 20-25 years later and the Japanese Encephalitis vaccine came 45 years later. However, the first Covid case was found on January 30, 2020 and within a year, by January 16, 2021 India had introduced the vaccine, Sudhakar said.
Today, 10 vaccines have been approved and are available in India and it is a proud thing that among them is one home grown vaccine, the Covaxin developed by Bharat Biotech. Other vaccines are Covishield vaccine developed by Pune based Serum Institute of India who had tied up with Oxford University and AstraZeneca, Corbevax, Zydus Cadila which is the world’s first DNA vaccine, Sudhakar said.
The Minister said that India approached Pfizer and Moderna initially expecting that our vaccines may take time. “They agreed to provide the vaccine. But they refuse to take any responsibility or liability if something happens to our people. Our government was not willing to compromise with people’s lives, and we decided to not provide the license unless they agreed to take liability.”
Speaking about Karnataka, he said, 10.54 crore vaccines are administered in the state. The second dose of the vaccine has been taken by 98 per cent of the people and another 32 lakh people are yet to take the second dose. He urged people to take the second dose and also the precautionary dose at the earliest.
(Except for the headline, this story has not been edited by Sambad English staff and is published from a syndicated feed.) | <urn:uuid:5b028cdb-0415-4430-91fd-9138b2fe6dd2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://theindiaupdates.com/2022/04/12/fourth-wave-of-covid-to-start-in-june-july-and-last-till-september/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00667.warc.gz | en | 0.977822 | 601 | 2 | 2 |
Information Technology continues to create opportunities to improve healthcare, but only when used effectively. Whether it’s medical devices, electronic healthcare records, high-bandwidth networks, medical imaging, or insurance, there are few corners of the healthcare field that are not deeply penetrated by IT. But where are things headed from here? Can AI help with more accurate diagnoses? Can the likelihood of successful outcomes be increased? Can technology improve the patient experience?
To answer those questions, IT practitioners, consultants, and influencers joined in an #IDGTechTalk Twitter chat on April 21, 2022, sponsored by @GlobalNTT. The hour-long session was moderated by Isaac Sacolick @nyike, president of StarCIO. As participant Clare Brown @ClareBrownIDG put it, “We are all patients and all of us will be impacted by healthcare tech.”
Among the exciting possibilities to cure illness and save lives are artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, and telemedicine. Said Jason James @itlinchpin:
The evolution of #AI within healthcare has immense potential. Everything from early warning detection to be used in cancer prevention to wound care can benefit from AI-driven pattern recognition.
AI could fuel the development of personalized medicine, in which treatments are closely matched to the needs of individual patients, according to Elitsa Krumova @Eli_Krimova
We can expect to see a rise in the development of personalized #drugs and the wider adoption of #PersonalizedMedecine.
Even so, AI will need to be governed well to assure positive outcomes, said Arsalan Khan @ArsalanAKhan.
I am excited about the use of #ArtificialIntelligence in healthcare. I am also concerned about the use of #AI in healthcare if wrong/incomplete data and bad algorithms are used. #idgtechtalk
But AI is not the only technology that could have a profound impact on wellness. Blockchain, because of its ability to immutably preserve transaction records, could accurately manage the distribution of pharmaceuticals, said Steven M Prentice @StevenPrentice.
The use of blockchain-enabled smart Rx to manage controlled substances better while making them more accessible.
Further afield, novel technologies such as drones also can deliver benefits, according to Prentice.
Drones that can fly defibrillators and other lifesaving devices directly where they are needed @StevenPrentice.
And Virtual reality (VR) can help patients overcome physical challenges, asserted moderator Isaac Sacolick @nyike:
There are some incredible #VR apps for the handicapped, disabled, or people needing physical therapy.
Given the uneven availability of quality healthcare globally, satellite technology has an important role to play.
I am looking forward to “Starlink-type” solutions, said Steven Prentice @StevenPrentice, referring to the low-orbit satellite network that can deliver high bandwidth Internet connectivity to remote areas.
Not to be overlooked are telemedicine and basic improvements to current practices, offered Clare Brown @ClareBrownIDG.
These might be small but the ease of making appointments online, getting digital reminders, and telemedicine is a huge area that I am excited for.
Ben Rothke @benrothke agreed. Remote medical care, which is part of telemedicine services, has shown that constant patient monitoring can have significant preventive benefits. Also, patients like most aspects of #telemedicine, as it avoids travel, & longs stays in boring waiting rooms. #IDGTECHtalk
Said Chris Petersen @CPetersen_CS, I’m with @ClareBrownIDG about removing all forms of friction from the system. Easier appointments? Reminders? Chatbots? Wearables? Anything that makes living health the easier path. | <urn:uuid:fc47deab-7660-4f18-8f17-21716060fd7b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.cio.com/article/309697/data-management-in-the-healthcare-industry.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571909.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813051311-20220813081311-00276.warc.gz | en | 0.924039 | 793 | 2.1875 | 2 |
Rockabilly: Was this the purest style in rock?
Bill Millar, History of Rock, The, 1981
A DEFT, HARD-DRIVING BLEND of country, gospel and blues, rockabilly was performed mainly by white artists who traded legitimate country backgrounds for a short-lived but frenzied involvement in music with a strong beat. Young, naturally exuberant musicians were the prime exponents, but traditional country singers were not without guile and, for a brief period around 1954-57, they too sang with a flash and glamour to match their rhinestoned clothes.
Total word count of piece: 1085 | <urn:uuid:df6f5e84-e661-4a88-830a-98f96e82a5bb> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.rocksbackpages.com/Library/Article/rockabilly-was-this-the-purest-style-in-rock | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719136.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00466-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.953908 | 136 | 2.046875 | 2 |
The Minister of War came up and congratulated him on the Maria Theresa Order of the third grade, which the Emperor was conferring on him.
The estates he had not before visited were each more picturesque than the other; the serfs everywhere seemed thriving and touchingly grateful for the benefits conferred on them.
Under cover of obtaining help of this kind for another, which from pride he would never accept for himself, he kept in touch with the circle which confers success and which attracted him.
He had Pierre at hand in Moscow and procured for him an appointment as Gentleman of the Bedchamber, which at that time conferred the status of Councilor of State, and insisted on the young man accompanying him to Petersburg and staying at his house.
* and he felt it incumbent on him, as a king and an ally, to confer on state affairs with Alexander’s envoy.
Natasha and Nicholas often noticed their parents conferring together anxiously and privately and heard suggestions of selling the fine ancestral Rostov house and estate near Moscow.
In one place the peasants presented him with bread and salt and an icon of Saint Peter and Saint Paul, asking permission, as a mark of their gratitude for the benefits he had conferred on them, to build a new chantry to the church at their own expense in honor of Peter and Paul, his patron saints.
Their chairs made a scraping noise as the gentlemen who had conferred rose with apparent relief, and began walking up and down, arm in arm, to stretch their legs and converse in couples.
The faces of those who were not conferring together were pale and perturbed.
She went through the accounts with Alpatych, conferred with Dessalles about her nephew, and gave orders and made preparations for the journey to Moscow.
Show more again
As you know, I am quite indifferent to politics, but from my father’s remarks and his talks with Michael Ivanovich I know all that goes on in the world and especially about the honors conferred on Buonaparte, who only at Bald Hills in the whole world, it seems, is not accepted as a great man, still less as Emperor of France.
Napoleon, predestined by Providence for the gloomy role of executioner of the peoples, assured himself that the aim of his actions had been the peoples’ welfare and that he could control the fate of millions and by the employment of power confer benefactions.
Two months previously when Pierre was already staying with the Rostovs he had received a letter from Prince Theodore, asking him to come to Petersburg to confer on some important questions that were being discussed there by a society of which Pierre was one of the principal founders.
So it came about that at the council at Malo-Yaroslavets, when the generals pretending to confer together expressed various opinions, all mouths were closed by the opinion uttered by the simple-minded soldier Mouton who, speaking last, said what they all felt: that the one thing needful was to get away as quickly as possible; and no one, not even Napoleon, could say anything against that truth which they all recognized.
Whatever worldly baseness presented itself to him, he said to himself: "Well, supposing N. N. swindled the country and the Tsar, and the country and the Tsar confer honors upon him, what does that matter? | <urn:uuid:602f4281-396c-4898-942d-f6ce10c63b93> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.verbalworkout.com/ub/ub105/ubh105217417.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719784.62/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00427-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.988572 | 698 | 1.664063 | 2 |
Institutional and Academic Entrepreneurship: Implications for University Governance and Management
Taking into account the fast changes the world is currently facing, there is a need of reformulating the main policies of the actual educational systems. The present paper will present brief descriptions of the main directions the author believes to be relevant for the modern educational systems. The key ideas of new roles of a university will be followed by an example of wide understanding of university’s tasks. The project of an International Education Centre for Students with Disabilities of Motion elaborated at the Cracow University of Economics can be seen as a sample initiative of over – educational activities of a university sensible to the needs of the society in which it is functioning.
|Date of creation:||2004|
|Date of revision:|
|Publication status:||Published in Higher Education in Europe XXIX.2(2004): pp. 201-204|
|Contact details of provider:|| Postal: Ludwigstraße 33, D-80539 Munich, Germany|
Web page: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de
More information through EDIRC
When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:45341. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.
For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: (Joachim Winter)
If references are entirely missing, you can add them using this form. | <urn:uuid:a31e9ed8-c141-4526-a0dc-e58e28edc180> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://ideas.repec.org/p/pra/mprapa/45341.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721405.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00312-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.822765 | 322 | 1.898438 | 2 |
Intel Falcon 8+ System is its first commercial drone
Chipzilla has been flat out developing software for the consumer drones and now is set to release a few drones of its own.
The British Royal Navy is staging what it is calling its first "robot wars" exercises testing drone boats off the coasts of Scotland and west Wales.
Apical worth $350 million
British chip maker ARM has acquired Apical which is an imaging and embedded computer Vision Company in a $350 million cash deal.
So much for sorting out its problems quickly
Wearable action camera GoPro was banking on the release of its drone camera, the Karma as a way of pulling itself out of trouble. But now it has surprised analysts by saying that the drone will be delayed until the Christmas sales.
Intel boss drones about the future
5G networking will eventually enable drones to fly all over the earth, according to Intel Boss Brian Krzanich.
Service ready in two years
Online search outfit Google is pressing ahead with glorious two year plan to create a drone service.
Firebreathing flying snapdragons
Chipmaker Qualcomm has created a board designed for consumer drones and robotics applications.
Buy our chips or else
Chipmaker Intel is taking its competitive game up a notch by investing in its own drones.
Ready for triathlon, not ready for drone strike
Drones can only be used for spying | <urn:uuid:95141165-0560-4ede-b30b-1cc3ecd47e2c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://fudzilla.com/home/itemlist/tag/drone | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280891.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00161-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.936873 | 282 | 1.53125 | 2 |
It seems pretty amazing that Mark Zuckerberg was able to buy WhatsApp and Oculus Rift, while only making $1 off of his salary.
It's true: Zuck only got a dollar, a steep drop from the $503,000 he made last in 2012. But, he did get himself a nice bonus and some other pay to kick his 2013 earnings up to $651,165. That still doesn't seem like Zuckerberg money though, amirite? That's because he gets all of his other wealth from the stock he owns in Facebook (he owns about 61 percent of the company), which brings his earnings to $3.3 billion after exercising his stock options. So don't go feeling bad for Zuck, he's still the 22nd richest person in the world.
Apple's Steve Jobs, when he was alive, and Google founders Sergey Brin and Larry Page, all made $1-a-year as well. | <urn:uuid:9815ee52-ff34-4c5e-b9a5-fc23f1b53de2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.complex.com/pop-culture/2014/04/mark-zuckerberg-one-dollar | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282140.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00124-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.987858 | 189 | 1.546875 | 2 |
Serious Education ... plus the most fun you can have in metal finishing.
Emissivity of coatings(2000)
Q. I'm trying to track down emissivity data for some finishes. My most urgent need is to find the emissivity for chromate finish aluminum MIL-C-5541 class 1A. Does anybody know it? Does anyone know a good reference for properties of other coatings ?Peter Kostka
- Madison, Wisconsin, USA
A. Peter, Here is a procedure to determine the emissivity of any substrate... You will need an infrared temperature gun that has adjustable emissivity and a touch type temperature sensor.
Take a chromated piece and check the temperature with both the touch gage and the IR gage. Adjust the emissivity on the IR gage until the temperature reads the same as the touch gage.
When the same temperature is reached, make note of the emissivity. This procedure assumes that the touch gage is correct. Hope this helps. KellyKelly Draper
- West Plains, Missouri
January 3, 2013
Q. Does anyone have an information on emissivity of E-coat?
- Fremont, California, USA | <urn:uuid:d38f5f24-bb00-4b78-8976-ca8fa8db5dd4> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.finishing.com/50/29.shtml | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280310.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00188-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.887704 | 250 | 1.617188 | 2 |
The Crewe and Harpur Arms has been welcoming guests and weary travellers to the Peak District for almost 200 years. In the 18th Century, Longnor was considered a market town of importance and was the first stop on the main route from Manchester to London. The Crewe & Harpur Arms was one of 5 pubs in the bustling town at the time and hosted weary travellers and their coachmen on the long route to London.
If you spend enough time in the Peak District, you’ll begin to see the names Crewe or Harpur appear all over, which we'll explore in this blog.
Crewe and Harpur are surnames of a well respected Derbyshire family in the 16th century. To explain the variation of these names and their origin in the Peak District we first need to talk about Ranks and Titles in the United Kingdom, known as Peerages.
Peerages are titles created and awarded by Kings and Queens of England. There are five titles of the peerage, in descending order of rank they are:
Duke, Marquess, Earl, Viscount and Baron
Peerage is a legal system in the UK comprising both hereditary and lifetime titles. Lifetime titles mean they can't be passed down to children.
Our understanding is, that the pub is named after the Harpur and Crewe Baronets, who resided in Calke Abbey in Ticknall, South Derbyshire.
Delving into their history can make understanding the origins of the Crewe and Harpur name confusing as the surnames were swapped and changed over 300 years whilst living at Calke Abbey.
Before becoming Baronets, the Harpur family became a respected family in Derbyshire in the 16th century, down to a man named Richard Harpur.
He was a successful lawyer and later judge and acquired the wealth to purchase land, manors, and estates upon his marriage to Jane Finderne - granddaughter of Sir John Port of Etwall, whose wealth founded Repton School
As Jane Finderne was the heiress of the Finderne family, Richard acquired several manors and went on to buy several estates across the country, including the Alstonefield Estate. At the time, the Alstonefield Estate included surrounding townships of Quarnford, Hollinsclough, Warslow and Longnor. Longnor being the location of the Crewe and Harpur pub.
Calke Abbey wasn't part of Richard Harpurs estate at this time, but was later purchased by his grandson, Sir Henry Harpur, in 1622.
Richard’s grandson, Sir Henry Harpur, became the first Baronet after purchasing the title in 1626 from King Charles 1st, who sold these titles to fund his war chest in Ireland!
180 years later in 1808, Henry Harpur (7th Baronet) also known as the Isolated Baronet, decided to claim the Crewe peerage derived from his great grandmother, wife of John Harpur, (4th Baronet). He gained the title through royal licence and changed his name to Henry Crewe.
John the 9th Baronet re-established the Harpur name and became known as Sir John Harpur Crewe. In 1886 the title and estate was passed to Sir Vauncey Harpur Crewe, the 10th and final Baronet. Although the baronetcy title died with him, the estates were passed to his daughter Hilda.
Being left with staggering death duties meant Hilda sold vast quantities of the estate to pay for taxes. Over time, the land, farms, and public houses all came into private ownership.
In 1985 Calke Abbey was transferred to the National Trust in settlement of death duties and here, you can discover a wealth of fascinating history surrounding the 10 baronets.
As the estate of the Harpur Crewe family was slowly sold off, there is a sense of irony that this pub was often used as the auction site for some of the sales of the estate.
Although we do not know the exact date the pub itself went into private ownership, we do know that it was a very popular pub right up to the early 2000s with travellers and locals alike.
The Crewe and Harpur Arms stands proudly on the southern side of Longnor marketplace with its striking redbrick Georgian style. Unusual in the wild moorlands of Staffordshire, but bears striking resemblance to other public houses found on the Swarkestone Estate in South Derbyshire, also owned by the Harpur Crewe family.
Next to the main building and nestled around the courtyard are 3 cottages aptly named Calke Cottage, Abbey Cottage and Etwall Cottage. Historic England lists the latter as a Grade II listed building (alongside the main hotel building) and is detailed as The Coachman’s House.
After the pub closed its doors to the public, Peak Venues took over and lovingly restored it to its former glory and it now provides self-catering group accommodation. The main hotel building and Etwall cottage (the former coachman's house) are grade II listed so many of the original features are still in place, from the original windows, wooden beams, fireplaces, stone flooring, butler bells and original oak bar.
As you can imagine the Crewe and Harpur Arms make for a wonderful place to gather your friends and family for a weekend of fun in the Peak District. It's certainly one of our most popular venues so what are you waiting for...get planning the next big getaway.
As seen on George Clarkes Remarkable Renovations Wednesday 6th July at 9 pm.
The 2nd season of remarkable home follows more brave people who take on incredible and challenging renovations of some of the country's oldest and quirkiest commercial buildings. The Crewe and Harpur was certainly one of our most challenging renovations to date but we love what we've done with the place and we hope you will too.
Published on July 4, 2022 in | <urn:uuid:1d4a6edb-bd16-433d-8b19-aa4db2b06274> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.peakvenues.co.uk/blog/the-crewe-and-harpur-arms | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573197.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818124424-20220818154424-00675.warc.gz | en | 0.979228 | 1,245 | 2.75 | 3 |
Clone this wiki locally
netdata supports plugins written in any language. The only requirement netdata has from its plugins, is to be able to print data at their output.
Plugins can be written in the appropriate language for their job. For example:
- You can collect data from JMX, using a java application
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Many of these languages can run their code efficiently, but they require a lot of resources when they are initialized. netdata suggests that plugins will be initialized once and run forever (until stopped by netdata). This way, the expensive part of their execution, their initialization, is eliminated.
General Plugin Guidelines
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Plugins' standard output (stdout) is connected through a pipe to netdata. This is how netdata reads values from them.
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Plugins run forever
Plugins have to be designed in such a way to stay alive for multiple iterations.
This is very important for the resources consumed by netdata as a total. CPU resources are scarce, while memory resources are not to the same degree. Of course there must be a balance, but CPU resources must be respected above all other. So, writing plugins that can stay alive and repeatedly collect and send data to netdata, is the best way of doing it.
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NETDATA_UPDATE_EVERY, in seconds (the default is 1). This is the minimum update frequency for all charts. A plugin that is updating values more frequently than this, is just wasting resources.
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squid, you can search for it on port
8080. If any succeeds, you can proceed. If it fails you can output an error (on stderr) saying that you cannot find
squid running and giving instructions about the plugin configuration. Then you can stop (exit with non-zero value), so that netdata will not attempt to start the plugin again.
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Plugins can create any number of charts with any number of dimensions each. Each chart can have its own characteristics independently of the others generated by the same plugin. For example, one chart may have an update frequency of 1 second, another may have 5 seconds and a third may have 10 seconds. | <urn:uuid:278f213d-8791-4589-9806-d461d1b9ba4a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://github.com/firehol/netdata/wiki/Writing-Plugins | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279933.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00117-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.90076 | 731 | 2.171875 | 2 |
Technologies That will Determine the Future of Sports
There are many technologies that will determine the future of sports and will potentially make each of the respective activities and games being competed better than what previous generations of athletes and enthusiasts had ever experienced during their eras.
Some of these technologies include virtual reality, artificial intelligence, and machine learning. These innovations will help to create a more immersive experience for fans, as well as improve the performance of athletes. As you will see, there are a number of different areas in which they can have a positive influence and enhance modern-day professional sports in a way that was previously unthinkable.
In this blog post, we will discuss some of the most important technologies that will shape the future of sports.
Sports games will take off further
Sports gambling is currently a billion-dollar industry, and there is no doubt that it is only going to grow in the future. With the advent of online gambling, there are now more opportunities for people to gamble in sports. Furthermore, with certain locations around the world starting to come around to the idea of the activity and implementing regulations that allow it to legally take place, there is evidence that there is still plenty of growth available.
As a result, this means that more money will be wagered on sporting events, but how is technology playing a role and helping to determine the future of sports? Well, punters who involve themselves in sports games online will know of the benefits that they have received already.
Let’s take online boxing betting as an example, as this sport is one that has positively benefited from the introduction of technological improvements. Punters are now able to get real-time updates when wagering on live contests with odds that are up-to-date. Additionally, they are able to stream bouts that may not be accessible on TV, too.
Indeed, this is not just limited to boxing, as fans who place wagers on football, cricket, golf, tennis, and almost any other sport have been able to benefit from the inclusion and development of these technological features. Sport, thus, has been able to thrive as more and more gambling operators want to take as much of the pie that has become available given the continued expansion of sports games, and this has seen further revenue streams generated in regard to sponsorship and other commercial interests.
Virtual reality is one of the most promising technologies for the future of sports. It has the potential to create a completely immersive experience for fans, as well as help athletes train and improve their performance.
Virtual reality can be used to create realistic simulations of sporting events, which would allow fans to feel as if they are actually at the game from wherever they wish to watch the action. With tickets for events limited and difficult to obtain, this can be a huge game-changer for the sports industry and help to propel it to new heights.
Additionally, virtual reality can be used by athletes to train and improve their skills. For example, virtual reality can be used to simulate different playing conditions, such as wind or rain. This would allow athletes to get a better understanding of how they need to adjust their play in order to perform at their best.
Artificial intelligence is another important technology that will shape the future of sports. Artificial intelligence can be used to create realistic simulations of sporting events, which would allow fans to experience the game in a completely new way.
Additionally, artificial intelligence can be used to analyze data from athletes and teams, which would help coaches to make better decisions about strategy and player selection. Finally, artificial intelligence can be used to create automated systems for things like ticketing and concessions, which would improve the overall experience for fans.
Machine learning is another important technology that will shape the future of sports. Machine learning can be used to analyze data from athletes and teams, which would help coaches to make better decisions about strategy and player selection. As can VR and AI, it can be used in the same way to create realistic simulations of sporting events, while helping put athletes in “real situations”.
Moreover, machine learning can be used to create automated systems for things like ticketing and concessions, which would improve the overall time for fans. This could then be enjoyed within stadiums and venues, as fans would be able to enjoy a seamless experience.
These are just some of the technologies that will help to shape the future of sports. We have already seen many of these technologies be utilized by most sports in some shape or form, however, in the coming years, we will see even more advances in these technologies that will further improve the experience for fans and athletes alike and potentially make each sport even more popular than they might already be. | <urn:uuid:57fb296b-96ff-46fc-8297-2d094ba82101> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://the-tech-trend.com/entertainment/technologies-that-will-determine-the-future-of-sports/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572021.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814083156-20220814113156-00071.warc.gz | en | 0.970092 | 959 | 2.375 | 2 |
The pandemic changed the way some people work forever. Staying at home became the norm as businesses around the world were forced to close, instructing their employees to work from home where possible.
For some, a situation like this is ideal. More time with the kids, less commuting, and less money on childcare and travel costs. Other, however, really struggle with the concept as it can be difficult to stay focused and remain productive when there’s no formal structure to the day. Sound familiar?
If you fall into the latter group, the following are some tips and tricks on how you can manage your business from home.
A messy desk leads to a jumbled mind; so, when you are trying to stay productive at your remote job make sure to keep your workspace neat and tidy. When your desk is messy, it’s difficult to focus on the task at hand and your mind will wander.
One of the best ways to stay organized is to use a planner. It can help you keep track of your deadlines and appointments and, before you know it, staying on top of your to-do list will be so much easier.
Another way to improve your workflow is to make sure to put everything away when you’re done with it. This includes your computer keyboard and mouse, as well as any other office supplies you may have.
Remember that a clean desk makes for a clear mind so don’t leave things lying around.
Use the Right Technology
Advancements in technology are making it possible for more and more people to work from home. Remote technology tools allow employees to stay connected and collaborate on projects in real time. Virtual meeting software bridges the gap for daily and weekly check-ins with all team members.
The use of specialized software allows businesses that once operated strictly in-house to offer their employees the choice to work from home. One of the best examples of this is Samsara’s fleet tracking software.
Giving details on Hours of Service (HOS) compliance, safety, and upcoming vehicle maintenance, it gives fleet managers the visibility into how efficiently their fleet is operating. This is revolutionizing the industry and, as technology continues to evolve, more and more positions will open up to employees who want to work remotely.
It can be easy to get lost in work when you’re not at the office, but it’s important to set boundaries and make sure you take breaks. Some of the best ways to do this include setting a timer for work, scheduling regular breaks, and turning off notifications when you’re doing something.
It’s also important to be honest with yourself about when you’re working and when you’re taking a break. If you find that you’re working all the time, try setting stricter boundaries and stick to them.
Ultimately, it’s up to you to set the limitations that work best for you. Just make sure that you take some time for yourself every day so that you don’t get overwhelmed or burned out.
Yes, it might be tempting to stay in your pajamas all day but doing so will affect your focus and motivation. You’ll feel sluggish and your productivity levels will suffer. Even if you don’t plan to leave the house for the day, it’s always a good idea to get dressed like you were going to the office.
If you are used to doing your hair a certain way or wearing makeup for work, continue with your habits of getting the hair brush and makeup out. It’s important to try and stick with the same routine as doing so will help your brain to connect your actions and associate them with getting products done.
Create a Routine
Our bodies and mind are programed to follow a routine. When we don’t have it, we crave it and it’s what keeps us on track when motivation levels are low. Start from the moment you wake up in the morning.
Is there a particular breakfast food that you like to eat? At what time do you normally have breakfast? Do you have chores to do in the morning? What about breaks – can you take them at the same time every day?
In the evenings, do you like to have a bath or sit and read for a while to de-stress? Your night time routine is also important so find out what relaxes you the most and make it part of your bed time schedule. Doing so will program your brain into switching off at a specific time so you can enjoy a proper night’s sleep. | <urn:uuid:d7ac5c5d-99ba-4b2b-b378-32a5ee4cf93c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wfhadviser.com/guides/general-wfh-advice/5-tips-for-managing-your-business-from-home/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00075.warc.gz | en | 0.956075 | 956 | 1.578125 | 2 |
Customer Protection in Packaged Account Market Propped Up
The Financial Services Authority (FSA) has proposed new rules to make sure banks and building societies check customers are eligible to claim on insurance cover before selling them a packaged bank account.
Packaged accounts are current accounts bundled up with a range of insurance policies and other products such as ticket discounts.
The FSA estimates that one in five of the UK adult population now has one of these accounts, and although some customers can get value from the package, others may not.
The consultation document proposes that banks and building societies selling insurance as part of a packaged account must check whether the customer is eligible to claim under each policy and share that information with them; provide customers with an annual eligibility statement prompting them to check whether their circumstances have changed and whether the policies continue to meet their needs, and;
if the sales adviser is recommending a packaged account they must establish whether each policy is suitable for the customer and alert them if some are not.
Sheila Nicoll, FSA director of policy, said: “For some people packaged accounts represent good value and convenience. But in other cases customers may find that the insurance cover they have paid for is useless.
“We are concerned that it maybe too easy at the moment for firms to sell customers something they do not understand or need. We want to make sure that packaged accounts are only being sold to customers who have actively decided it is the right product for them.”
The FSA is also asking for more feedback on how to improve price transparency of packaged accounts. Firms buy insurance policies wholesale and offer them at discounted rates in the overall package.
This makes it difficult for customers to compare and contrast the costs with standalone insurance products or other bank accounts. | <urn:uuid:4c3cf406-7e3b-471f-a3d4-a91248a40d4b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://inaudit.com/regulatory/customer-protection-in-packaged-account-market-propped-up-10935/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281226.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00373-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.958864 | 356 | 1.617188 | 2 |
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We determined the immunogenicity of conjugated Haemophilus influenzae type b and pneumococcal vaccines by quantitative analysis of the antibody response in asplenic patients. To that end, we vaccinated 92 patients with a conjugated Hib vaccine and 54 received two doses of conjugated pneumococcal vaccine (PCV7), followed at six months by a plain polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine (PPV23). Antibody concentrations were measured before and three weeks after vaccination. After one dose of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, 46% of the patients reached the antibody threshold of ≥ 1.0 μg/mL for all 7 tested vaccine serotypes. This percentage rose to 54% after the second dose of PCV7 and did not increase further after PPV23. Over 90% of patients had antibody concentrations ≥ 1.0 μg/mL for at least 5 out of the 7 conjugated pneumococcal serotypes after 2 doses of PCV7. For serotypes, included in the PPV23 vaccine only, 25% (PPS3)-100% (PPS19A) of the patients reached antibody concentrations ≥ 1.0 μg/mL after one dose of PPV23. For Hib, 97% of the patients reached the threshold concentration of ≥ 1.0 μg/mL after one dose of vaccine. It can be concluded that the majority of asplenic patients had a sufficient response to conjugated vaccines against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Hib, reflected by a ≥ 1.0 μg/mL antibody response. Inclusion of conjugated pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines might be of additional value in the vaccination schedule for asplenic patients because of their high immunogenicity.
Department of Internal Medicine, St. Antonius Hospital Nieuwegein, The Netherlands. email@example.com
This article was published in the following journal.
Immunogenicity and safety of a fully liquid aluminum phosphate adjuvanted Haemophilus influenzae type b PRP-CRM197-conjugate vaccine in healthy Japanese children: A phase III, randomized, observer-blind, multicenter, parallel-group study.
Broad use of monovalent Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccines based on the capsular polysaccharide polyribosyl-ribitol phosphate (PRP), has significantly reduced invasive Hib disease ...
In addition to reducing Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) disease in vaccinated individuals, the Hib conjugate vaccine (HibCV) has indirect effects; it reduces Hib disease in unvaccinated individual...
There is relatively little data on the etiology of bacterial infections in patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA) in West Africa, and no data from countries that have implemented conjugate vaccines ag...
Immunogenicity and Safety Of 10-Valent Pneumococcal Non-Typeable Haemophilus influenzae Protein D Conjugate Vaccine (PHiD-CV) Administered to Children with Sickle Cell Disease Between 8 Weeks and 2 Years of Age: A Phase III, Open, Controlled Study.
Immunogenicity, safety and reactogenicity of the 10-valent pneumococcal non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae protein D conjugate vaccine (PHiD-CV) were evaluated in children with sickle cell disease (S...
In this study we calculate the effectiveness of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) against invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) among children under the age of two years using the indirect cohort me...
This study will evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of booster doses of the two vaccines used to prevent Haemophilus influenzae type b infections in children 12-18 months of age.
Haemophilus influenza type b (Hib) remains a serious global health threat associated with high mortality and morbidity in young children. In China, The overall impact of Hib-related infect...
Study in Infants (6-12 Months) Comparing Two Doses of a Monovalent Glycoprotein-Conjugated (Diptheria Toxin -CRM197) Vaccine Versus a Tetanus Toxoid-Conjugated Vaccine Available for the Prevention of Haemophilus Influenzae Type b Infections in China
This study will evaluate the safety and efficacy of two doses of two commercially available vaccines used to prevent Haemophilus influenzae type b infections in children 6-12 months of ag...
This study will evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of single dose of two commercially available vaccines used to prevent Haemophilus influenzae type b infections in children 13-59 mon...
The study will evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of a haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine (Hib) in Healthy Children 2 Months to 5 Years of Age who have not been previously...
Vaccines or candidate vaccines containing antigenic polysaccharides from Haemophilus influenzae and designed to prevent infection. The vaccine can contain the polysaccharides alone or more frequently polysaccharides conjugated to carrier molecules. It is also seen as a combined vaccine with diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine.
A type of H. influenzae isolated most frequently from biotype I. Prior to vaccine availability, it was a leading cause of childhood meningitis.
Semisynthetic vaccines consisting of polysaccharide antigens from microorganisms attached to protein carrier molecules. The carrier protein is recognized by macrophages and T-cells thus enhancing immunity. Conjugate vaccines induce antibody formation in people not responsive to polysaccharide alone, induce higher levels of antibody, and show a booster response on repeated injection.
Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infections with STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE.
A species of HAEMOPHILUS found on the mucous membranes of humans and a variety of animals. The species is further divided into biotypes I through VIII.
A vaccine is a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease. A vaccine typically contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism, and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins or one ... | <urn:uuid:c26f49a2-30a2-41db-bef4-0caf884d3c6c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.bioportfolio.com/resources/pmarticle/134068/Response-To-Conjugate-Pneumococcal-And-Haemophilus-Influenzae-Type-B-Vaccines-In-Asplenic.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284411.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00457-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.866738 | 1,356 | 2.1875 | 2 |
The Christmas Ornament by dixē.flatlin3
My son and I recently unpacked our Christmas trees and decorations. We spent an evening drinking hot chocolate, setting up the decorations and watching The Nightmare Before Christmas. It’s a ritual I have had since the mid-90s, no need to exclude the kidlet from my fun.
As we were unpacking the decorations, I came across a familiar box, one that I have lugged around for over three decades. It has not changed much over the years, but this year I was struck by the peculiarity of my having kept an item for so long. Given its roots, why did I carefully tend to this heirloom?
It is simple ornament, a delicate, hand-blown glass orb with a few nibs in the shape of circles. I distinctly recall being highly unimpressed upon receiving it. And yet, I have kept it safe and sound despite its inauspicious roots.
I told my son that I vividly remember the circumstances of receiving the orb. It was a gift exchange in elementary school. Back then, I do not believe that these events were voluntary, and every kid had to draw a name and bring a gift. Or god forbid you did not bring a gift, and then the recipient went without…the horror! This was back in the days when you could only bring Valentines for the kids you like, so gift exchanges were odd. Given this Lord of the Flies setting, I also recall the poverty lines being very distinct in school. We were divided up into the: rich kids, poor kids, in-between kids, immigrant kids, unpopular kids, and the misfits. We were slowly forming the cliques and social groups that would carry over into middle school and beyond.
Why I vividly recall this is likely because the kid who gave me a gift this year was one of the poor, unpopular kids. Now, I fell somewhere into the in-between/misfits group, so I wasn’t high up on the food chain myself. However, I can still remember in detail the soft features of this pale-complected girl with gentle brown eyes and mousy brown hair. But I cannot tell you her name, and I know I do not have any yearbooks to discern who she was.
I sat with my child and showed him the beautiful ornament, which he admired, and I told him I would likely pass it on to him, should it withstand even more time. And I told him its origin story, emphasizing how disappointed I was when I opened the gift, which came in the same plain, brown box that houses it now, wrapped in nothing more than bubble wrap to protect its delicate contents. I could not tell you what anyone else received that day, I just know I thought that a glass ball was lame.
And yet, here we are, more than thirty years later, and that same fucking, glass ball endures. And it allowed me to show my child that one should never be ungracious for anything anyone gives to them, because you never know what will last. | <urn:uuid:c7e8327b-eac2-4941-8b07-16e07fa0c188> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thegirlwiththebitchtattoo.wordpress.com/2016/12/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00674.warc.gz | en | 0.983046 | 646 | 1.625 | 2 |
SAFE CARE TRUST INTERNATIONAL (SCTI)
Safe Care Trust International (SCTI), a Registered Trust is a psychiatric and drug rehabilitation centre established in 2014. Our aim is to provide quality treatment to the patients suffering from mental and addictive illnesses. We want to be able to help the vulnerable people of our society whether living in the neighborhood of SCTI or in the remote areas of Pakistan at a very little, or no cost. At present, about 65% of the patients are being charged a nominal per month fee of food and accommodation, other services such as medication, counseling, nursing care and medical care services free of cost. The patients are provided treatment and rehabilitation including medication, counseling/psychotherapy, indoor games and nursing care.
The rehab centre has capacity of 50 beds, wherein only male patients are admissible. As there is no government rehabilitation centre in the area, we hope to expand it up to 100 beds as soon as possible and thus provide the opportunity to the needy patients who cannot afford to go elsewhere for treatment. Currently the government isn’t able to provide its fair share of what’s needed to help people get a second chance at life. Therefore we are stepping up to figure out how to effectively serve the people with the targeted problems. We are living proof that treatment is more powerful then Punishment.
SCTI is believed to be a skillful facility and our focus is on successful recovery. We provide a continuum of care that bridges the gap of a hospital and home. Whether the patient needs the treatment for mental illness or for addictive disorders our team offers its best to help them recover and reunite with their loved ones.
- To become a leading health care choice for treatment of mental and addictive illnesses
- To be able to provide free or low-cost treatment to the impoverished people of society
- To be known for research and innovative programs that are delivered in a comprehensive and integrated system of care
To provide spectrum of accessible, economic and beneficial health care services to all the people and families suffering from mental health issues and substance use & addictive disorders
REGISTRATION OF SCTI
SCTI is registered under Trust Act Ordinance 1882. | <urn:uuid:019b736f-2c5f-4b06-8240-9beeca5ccd64> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://safecaretrustinternational.com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00471.warc.gz | en | 0.950125 | 455 | 1.570313 | 2 |
I spent two years as an English teacher in South Korea. I went because they wanted native speakers in their classrooms and promotional photos, particularly young American females, which made the salary tempting due to capitalistic law. Almost everyone I met there was desperate to learn from me, and I taught just about every demographic imaginable. I crawled on the floor with drooling toddlers, sipped Starbucks coffee with black-tie businessmen, gossiped with housewives over kimchi and tea, and kept awake teenagers cramming for exams until nearly midnight on Friday.
For the most part, overlooking several significant outliers, my students’ goals for learning the language was not communication. The goal was advancement within an extremely competitive system. English was the language of authority. It was generally accepted that English-speaking universities were somehow better than their Korean counterparts to the extent that a degree from a brand-name university was claimed to guarantee career success.
As a scholar trained in this university system, I feel the urge now to offer peer-reviewed evidence in support of my claims. The works I have read suggest a link between the demand for English and a mix of economic colonialism and Confucian values. In my experience, this feels true, but these historical forces are expressed in a nuanced way that I have yet to find clearly or comprehensively expressed in literature. But the phenomenon is certainly there, and for my purpose here, its existence is enough.
What is relevant and clear from my experience in relation to the Masuzawa interview, though, is that British and American universities possess significant authority in Korean culture over the accepted way knowledge should be acquired, classified, and acknowledged.
What Masuzawa’s research shows is something both Koreans and Americans often forget: that the university, even the idea of the university as an institution, has a history, and their structures and traditions are less often the products of pure reason and rather products of specific historical circumstances. They are like the humans who made them, creatures of evolution.
More specifically, as Masuzawa chronicles for us, the current knowledge categories of the university were never inevitable nor even are they permanent as they stand. The interview shows us specifically how our current of understanding of religion is particular to our current point in history.
As a student of religious studies raised in the American intellectual tradition, this history, once pointed out, is obvious. Moreover, it is embedded within my language. In English, I can easily think of religion as an abstract concept, and call to mind specific behaviours that I think of as religious. Yet as the history of scholarship on religion shows, defining religion itself is a slippery task and has mostly abandoned.
The ability to be within an institution of knowledge and to still be critical of its foundations and categories is important. We can become aware of the logical fallacies and dialectical reactions within our institutions and work to correct them.
My point, however, is that the history of the university is not well known and perhaps is even willfully ignored in places where a degree from elite universities make significant practical differences. This is not limited to Korea, for these institutions are given similar authority by groups everywhere, even by those who are disenfranchised by that very elitism.
Does it matter that many individuals aspiring so hard to attend these schools do not possess a critical understanding of the unsteady ground upon which disciplines draw their lines? In some senses, perhaps not. In time, and once inside the institutions, these individuals may come to understand their history just as I have.
It’s more likely, though, that in the short term, the authority of the universities will stand in the minds of those sending their children to Ivy Prep Academy. That authority can be good when it sets in place standards and practices which leads to clear thinking. However, it also limits categories of thought by predetermining them.
New ideas begin with critical thinking, which is enhanced by diversity. In Korea, for example, I questioned unfamiliar things, and sometimes the subsequent dialogue hatched new thoughts in myself and my students. The reverse process should occur when Korean students attend elite universities. Unfamiliar with the European cultural traditions and their associated thought trenches, they should question the standards and categories of knowledge. It is likely, though, that because of the status they give to elite universities, such questioning rarely happens. As a result, it is likely that they too will adopt the language of European universalism.
While I respect Masuwaza’s work on many levels, I mostly like it because she reminds me, again and again, to look at my tools of inquiry and see how my tools have shaped what I have found.
A couple of the better titles I have found are the following: 1. Tsui, A. and Tollefson, J. (2007) Language Policy, Culture, and Identity in Asian Contexts. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. 2. Sorensen, C. (1994) Success and Education in South Korea. Comparative Education Review. 38(1): 10-35. 3. Lee, S. and Brinton, M. (1996) Elite Education and Social Capital: The Case of South Korea. Sociology of Education. 69(3): 177-192. 4. Seth, M. (2002) Education Fever: Society, Politics, and the Pursuit of Schooling in South Korea. University of Hawaii Press.
Mullen, for example, describes how some high-achieving but less-wealthy students avoid elite schools precisely because of they are elite. Mullen, A. (2009) Elite Destinations: Pathways to Attending an Ivy League University. British Journal of Sociology of Education. 30(1): 15-27.
The relationship between critical thinking and diversity has often been studied. For example, see Laird, T. (2005). College Students’ Experiences with Diversity and Their Effects on Academic Self-Confidence, Social Agency, and Disposition toward Critical Thinking. Research in Higher Education. 46(4): 365-387. | <urn:uuid:2684a576-85fa-4107-88a9-837d6d4c838e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.religiousstudiesproject.com/2015/10/22/the-expanding-thought-trench-ivy-league-authority-in-south-korea/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280065.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00543-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.962841 | 1,235 | 2.046875 | 2 |
A reducing agent (also called a reductant or reducer) is an element (such as calcium) or compound that loses (or "donates") an electron to another chemical species in a redox chemical reaction. Since the reducing agent is losing electrons, it is said to have been oxidized.
If any chemical is an electron donor (reducing agent), another must be an electron recipient (oxidizing agent). A reducing agent is oxidized because it loses electrons in the redox reaction. Thus reducers are "oxidized" by oxidizers and oxidizers are "reduced" by reducers; reducers are by themselves reduced (have more electrons) and oxidizers are by themselves oxidized (have fewer electrons). A reducing agent typically is in one of its lower possible oxidation states and is known as the electron donor. Examples of reducing agents include the earth metals, formic acid, and sulfite compounds.
For example, consider the overall reaction for aerobic cellular respiration:
- C6H12O6(s) + 6O2(g) → 6CO2(g) + 6H2O(l)
In organic chemistry, reduction more specifically refers to the addition of hydrogen to a molecule, though the aforementioned definition still applies. For example, benzene is reduced to cyclohexane in the presence of a platinum catalyst:
- C6H6 + 3 H2 → C6H12
In organic chemistry, good reducing agents are reagents that deliver H2.
Historically, reduction referred to the removal of oxygen from a compound, hence the name 'reduction'. The modern sense of donating electrons is a generalisation of this idea, acknowledging that other components can play a similar chemical role to oxygen.
Consider the following reaction:
- 2 [Fe(CN)6]4− + Cl
2 → 2 [Fe(CN)6]3− + 2 Cl−
The reducing agent in this reaction is ferrocyanide ([Fe(CN)6]4-). It donates an electron, becoming oxidized to ferricyanide ([Fe(CN)6]3-). Simultaneously, the oxidizer chlorine is reduced to chloride.
Strong reducing agents easily lose (or donate) electrons. An atom with a relatively large atomic radius tends to be a better reductant. In such species, the distance from the nucleus to the valence electrons is so long that these electrons are not strongly attracted. These elements tend to be strong reducing agents. Good reducing agents tend to consist of atoms with a low electronegativity, the ability of an atom or molecule to attract bonding electrons, and species with relatively small ionization energies serve as good reducing agents too. "The measure of a material to oxidize or lose electrons is known as its oxidation potential". The table below shows a few reduction potentials that could easily be changed to oxidation potential by simply reversing the sign. Reducing agents can be ranked by increasing strength by ranking their oxidation potentials. The reducing agent is stronger when it has a more positive oxidation potential and weaker when it has a negative oxidation potential. The following table provides the reduction potentials of the indicated reducing agent at 25 °C.
|Oxidizing agent||Reducing agent||Reduction potential (V)|
|Li+ + e− =||Li||−3.04|
|Na+ + e− =||Na||−2.71|
|Mg2+ + 2e− =||Mg||−2.38|
|Al3+ + 3e− =||Al||−1.66|
|2H2O(l) + 2e− =||H2(g) + 2OH −||−0.83|
|Cr3+ + 3e− =||Cr||−0.74|
|Fe2+ + 2e− =||Fe||−0.44|
|2H+ + 2e− =||H2||0.00|
|Sn4+ + 2e− =||Sn2+||+0.15|
|Cu2+ + e− =||Cu+||+0.16|
|Ag+ + e− =||Ag||+0.80|
|Br2 + 2e− =||2Br−||+1.07|
|Cl2 + 2e− =||2Cl−||+1.36|
|MnO4− + 8H+ + 5e− =||Mn2+ + 4H2O||+1.49|
|F2 + 2e− =||2F−||+2.87|
To tell which is the strongest reducing agent, one can change the sign of its respective reduction potential to make it oxidation potential. The bigger the number, the stronger the reducing agent. For example, among Na, Cr, Cu and Cl−, Na is the strongest reducing agent and Cl− is the weakest one.
Some elements and compounds can be both reducing or oxidizing agents. Hydrogen gas is a reducing agent when it reacts with non-metals and an oxidizing agent when it reacts with metals.
- 2 Li(s) + H2(g) → 2 LiH(s)
Hydrogen acts as an oxidizing agent because it accepts an electron donation from lithium, which causes Li to be oxidized.
Half reactions: 2 Li(s)0 → 2 Li(s)+ + 2 e−::::: H20(g) + 2 e− → 2 H−(g)
- H2(g) + F2(g) → 2 HF(g)
Hydrogen acts as a reducing agent because it donates its electrons to fluorine, which allows fluorine to be reduced.
Half reactions: H20(g) → 2 H+(g) + 2 e−::::: F20(g) + 2 e− → 2 F−(g)
Reducing agents and oxidizing agents are the ones responsible for corrosion, which is the “degradation of metals as a result of electrochemical activity”. Corrosion requires an anode and cathode to take place. The anode is an element that loses electrons (reducing agent), thus oxidation always occurs in the anode, and the cathode is an element that gains electrons (oxidizing agent), thus reduction always occurs in the cathode. Corrosion occurs whenever there’s a difference in oxidation potential. When this is present, the anode metal begins deteriorating, given there is an electrical connection and the presence of an electrolyte.
Example of redox reaction
The formation of iron(III) oxide;
- 4Fe + 3O2 → 2Fe23+O32−
In the above equation, the Iron (Fe) has an oxidation number of 0 before and 3+ after the reaction. For oxygen (O) the oxidation number began as 0 and decreased to 2−. These changes can be viewed as two "half-reactions" that occur concurrently:
- Oxidation half reaction: Fe0 → Fe3+ + 3e−
- Reduction half reaction: O2 + 4e− → 2 O2−
Iron (Fe) has been oxidized because the oxidation number increased. Iron is the reducing agent because it gave electrons to the oxygen (O2). Oxygen (O2) has been reduced because the oxidation number has decreased and is the oxidizing agent because it took electrons from iron (Fe). ferric
Common reducing agents
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- Lithium aluminium hydride (LiAlH4), a very strong reducing agent
- Nascent (atomic) hydrogen
- Hydrogen without or with a suitable catalyst e.g. a Lindlar catalyst
- Sodium amalgam (Na(Hg))
- Sodium-lead alloy (Na + Pb)
- Amalgam (chemistry)#Zinc amalgam (Zn(Hg)) (reagent for Clemmensen reduction)
- Sodium borohydride (NaBH4)
- Compounds containing the Fe2+ ion, such as iron(II) sulfate
- Compounds containing the Sn2+ ion, such as tin(II) chloride
- Sulfur dioxide (sometimes also used as an oxidizing agent), Sulfite compounds
- Dithionates, e.g. Na2S2O6
- Thiosulfates, e.g. Na2S2O3 (mainly in analytical chemistry)
- Iodides, e.g. KI (mainly in analytical chemistry)
- Hydrogen peroxide (H
2) – mostly an oxidiser but occasionally acting as a reducing agent! (Typically in analytical chemistry.)
- Hydrazine (Wolff-Kishner reduction)
- Diisobutylaluminium hydride (DIBAL-H)
- Oxalic acid (C
- Formic acid (HCOOH)
- Ascorbic acid (C6H8O6)
- Reducing sugars
- Phosphites, hypophosphites, and phosphorous acid
- Dithiothreitol (DTT) – used in biochemistry labs to avoid S-S bonds
- Carbon monoxide (CO)
- Cyanides in pyrochemical metallurgical analysis
- Carbon (C)
- Tris-2-carboxyethylphosphine hydrochloride (TCEP)
- Electrode Reduction and Oxidation Potential
- Aufray M, Menuel S, Fort Y, Eschbach J, Rouxel D, Vincent B (2009). "New Synthesis of Nanosized Niobium Oxides and Lithium Niobate Particles and Their Characterization by XPS Analysis". Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. 9 (8): 4780–4789. doi:10.1166/jnn.2009.1087.
- "Chemical Principles: The Quest for Insight", Third Edition. Peter Atkins and Loretta Jones p. F76 | <urn:uuid:87a85fc9-80b5-43b6-8bef-d10d7decab8f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reducing_agent | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280891.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00153-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.874438 | 2,146 | 4.15625 | 4 |
Wikis at Work
For some types of business collaboration, a database can be overkill. Try a wiki instead.Sometimes a corporate database is just two-fisted overkill, with too many ties that bind. Databases, with their fields and their schemas, are often overly structured for the kinds of on-the-fly data-collection tasks many businesses encounter. Whats an alternative? Application wikis, hosted on the Web by a Silicon Valley startup called JotSpot. Some 100 information technology consultants at Dickson Allan, an IT consulting firm based in Troy, Mich., are using JotSpot to collaborate with each other across the companys seven field offices. Its a new tool, designed by JotSpot CEO Joe Kraus, one of the co-founders of Excite.com, and it builds and organizes wikis that are somewhat different from standard ones.
Whats a wiki? Derived from the Hawaiian term for "quick," a wiki is a small piece of server software that lets people freely create and edit Web content using any Web browser, then have it hosted as an archive on the Web. Think of several people at different locations contributing freely editable Web pages at the same Web location. | <urn:uuid:c7cbebb5-7b97-4d17-9f2b-c0c47ce8a8ab> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.eweek.com/c/a/Messaging-and-Collaboration/Wikis-at-Work | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280310.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00189-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.926473 | 249 | 2.515625 | 3 |
How can attachment bring us suffering?
We just have to think of chocolate and there is the temptation of eating more than is good for us.
Or as example, my favourite story: the way people used to catch monkeys in South India.
One takes a coconut and makes a hole in it, just large enough that a monkey can squeeze its hand in. Next, tie the coconut down, and put a sweet inside. What happens next is pure attachment. The monkey smells the sweet, puts his hand into the coconut, grabs the sweet and ... the hole is too small to let a fist out of the coconut. The last thing a monkey would consider is to let go of the sweet, so it is literally tied down by its own attachment. Often they only let go when they fall asleep or become unconscious because of exhaustion.
Zen Buddhist websites, news, and discussion
Monday, September 19, 2005
Another Zen Buddhism primer; this one uses the old monkey trap analogy to explain attachment: | <urn:uuid:ce0e6952-55cf-44f2-a108-5d1c3a627c21> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://zenfilter.blogspot.com/2005/09/four-noble-truths.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00483-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.959916 | 201 | 2.265625 | 2 |
Food agencies urged to be vigilant
Food safety and health regulatory agencies across Europe need to be continually alert to emerging health risks because of the free movement of foods across borders and the potential threat from food fraud, Food Safety Authority of Ireland chief executive Prof Alan Reilly has said.
He pointed to the ongoing case in the Czech Republic where alcoholic products were contaminated with methanol resulting in almost 30 deaths. “Trying to tell the difference between fake product and the real product is very, very difficult and we have to develop a system to do that,” he said.
Prof Reilly said counterfeit food was likely to become an increasing concern because of growing global demand for food resources and rising agricultural commodity prices. “Combating this form of criminal activity relies upon a high level of co-ordination among regulators and enforcement agencies supported by robust systems and controls across all member states.”
Prof Reilly was speaking at a conference in Dublin today, jointly hosted by the Food Safety Authority of Ireland and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) to mark the European authority’s 10th anniversary.
Its director Catherine Geslain-Lanéelle said if a lesson was to be drawn from the last ten years it was that EU food safety policy must continue to be underpinned by the highest standards of scientific evidence.
“By working together we can build a European risk assessment community whose top priority is to protect consumers, which will strengthen confidence and trust in our work among all our stakeholders, as well as with our trading partners,” she said
Fine Gael MEP Mairead McGuinness warned that the European Food Safety Authority would find it difficult to continue getting the best scientists to voluntarily sit on their expert panels because of the tendency of critics to focus on their involvement with industry.
“In Europe where science is often funded by industry it’s very hard to find people who are totally independent, if you want the best experts,” she said. “There is a fear factor building into this where people who are expert but might have worked for a company in the past, or currently do, just decide it is not worth being on a panel because of some of the burdens it puts on their shoulders. And what will we end up with?”
Patrick Wall, associate professor of public health at UCD, spoke of “a huge disconnect” between consumers and modern agriculture and food production.
He said consumers had been encouraged to think that there was a straight line between farm and fork, “but it’s more like a maze”. While an animal may be produced locally, the soya bean feed could come from China, the fertiliser from North Africa and the medicines from India. “We are shopping in a global village,” he said.
One ham sandwich could contain the trimmings of meat from three continents. “People have unrealistic expectations. They think there should be no risk in their food,” he said, but everything came with a risk. | <urn:uuid:6076595c-d145-41f0-adff-834a2f4ab95d> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.irishtimes.com/news/food-agencies-urged-to-be-vigilant-1.740501 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988717783.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183837-00076-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.972348 | 619 | 2.296875 | 2 |
Arbitration is becoming increasingly prevalent as a form of dispute resolution and an alternative to courtroom litigation. Parties can agree to utilize arbitration when a dispute arises, or they may have already agreed to arbitration as the means for resolving future disputes when they first entered into a contractual relationship.
Our Chicago arbitration lawyers have successfully tried arbitrations across a wide spectrum of corporate and commercial disputes. See below to learn more about arbitration, and call King & Jones in Chicago at 312-372-4142 to discuss whether arbitration is an appropriate forum to resolve your business dispute.
In arbitration, each party presents its side of the dispute to a neutral third party – the arbitrator. Typically, one arbitrator is assigned to hear the dispute, although in some situations, the parties will present their case to a panel of three arbitrators. Whether one arbitrator or three, the parties generally have control over the selection of the arbitrator(s) through a previously established fair process.
Arbitration in some ways seems similar to a trial in a courtroom. Each side presents evidence to the arbitrator, including documents, exhibits, witnesses and legal arguments as necessary. At the conclusion of both parties’ presentations, the arbitrator makes a ruling, which is binding on both parties. Arbitrations and trials have significant differences, however. For example, arbitrators are not bound by the rules of evidence that control a trial. Arbitrators have more leeway in what kind of evidence to allow and in the scope of the questions they put to a witness, if they desire. The litigation tool known as “discovery” is also generally limited in arbitration. Before an arbitration, the parties do generally exchange witness lists, copies of documents or exhibits they plan to use, and a statement of the issues and their positions regarding the dispute.
In a trial, the facts in the case are usually decided by a jury of laypersons who come from all walks of life. Issues of law are decided by the judge, who is a legal expert but may or may not have practical experience in the matter under dispute. Arbitrators, on the other hand, are frequently active or retired business professionals who have decades of experience working in the industry. Alternatively, the arbitration panel may include lawyers who practice in the area of law under dispute and have acquired specialized knowledge through years of practice.
For the above reasons, arbitration is often well-suited in highly technical litigation, where the dispute involves complex questions outside the realm of the average judge or juror’s experience. For the lawyers presenting the case, it can be easier to prepare and argue technical points to these industry “insiders.” This fact not only makes the ruling more likely to be relevant to the parties’ needs, but it also tends to make arbitration less expensive than a trial, since fewer costs may be involved in deposing expert witnesses and preparing for trial. Balanced against this cost savings is the fee charged by the arbitrator or arbitration panel.
Another positive aspect of arbitration is that the parties can control the process, including choosing the arbitrator who will hear the case and scheduling the arbitration at a convenient time. It can take years to get a trial on a crowded court’s docket, but arbitration can often be scheduled in a matter of months, as soon as the parties are prepared to present their case. Also, trials are public proceedings, and court rulings are a matter of public record. Arbitration, on the other hand, is a private affair. Companies wishing to keep their disputes out of the public eye consider the privacy aspect of arbitration to be a huge positive factor.
Arbitration is usually binding by default unless the parties agree otherwise beforehand. There can be benefits to holding a nonbinding arbitration. Such a proceeding gives the parties a rough guide to how litigation might play out in court. It can enlighten the parties and give them a more realistic perspective regarding the strength of their case or their opponent’s. A nonbinding arbitration, therefore, can be helpful to spur the parties toward productive settlement talks.
Binding arbitration decisions are also notoriously difficult to appeal, so the parties need to be ready to live with the decision. Trials, in contrast, are appealable under a number of different grounds. That said, the business litigation attorneys at King & Jones have vast experience in arbitration, including getting arbitration awards successfully overturned in court.
“I have known Peter King and Bill Jones in this business for decades, and have been involved in cases with them. They are tenacious, exceptionally bright, practical, ethical, and have formidable trial and appellate skills. I have also referred friends and family to King & Jones for commercial and estate litigation and they have always gotten outstanding results. With this firm, you get experienced, well-respected lawyers who care about their clients and always do what is necessary to get the best outcome possible.” – Chuck Hornewer
“Strongly recommended. They quickly grasped my legal situation and provided me with well thought out options to consider at each decision point of my legal matter. They are smart, tough and has the experience to deal with complex legal matters. The attorneys at Canel, King and Jones, provide big firm quality, but the personal attention only available at a smaller practice. The personal relationship developed with me during my matter provided me with the confidence that they had my interests in mind.” – Randy D.
“Peter King's performance in representing his clients was exemplary throughout, consistently demonstrating expertise in strategy, preparation, and advocacy, as well as legal acumen that one finds only in the most skilled attorneys. While seeking to exact every advantage for his clients, Peter at the same time always conducted himself in his dealings with opposing counsel with professionalism, integrity, and class.” – Richard Steinken | <urn:uuid:21ab6b68-73a5-44a9-8087-f05159505337> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.chicagobusinesstriallawyers.com/chicago-arbitration-lawyer | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573029.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817153027-20220817183027-00277.warc.gz | en | 0.963164 | 1,180 | 1.851563 | 2 |
Designer: Gianluca Santosuosso (engineer- architect )
Professor: Willy Muller –IaaC director (research studio – self-sufficient building)
Assistant: Maite Bravo
This project intends to develop a new luxury hotel concept where users have the opportunity to experience a stay in a floating system moving around the world. The MORPHotels, thanks to their linear structure developed around their “vertebral spine”, are able to adapt their shape according to the weather conditions and the site morphology.
The MORPHotels concept is based on four main strategies:
1- SPACE IN BETWEEN: using the sea not only as a medium to move tourists from one place to another (as cruise ships do) but also to discover unknown places, taking advantage from this “space in between”;
avoiding the traditional concept of cruise ships – where the fuel consumption, at an average cruise speed of 20 nodes, is 470 litres/km – this strategy would change the rules about sea trips; MORPHotels are constantly moving at slow speed around the world ( following sea currents) and tourists can get on board wherever it is. While tourists on cruise ships depart from point A, reach their destination (point B) and then go back, in MORPHotel the segment A-B they experience is just a small part of the entire-endless journey of the hotel.
2- PLUG-IN CITY-HARBOUR: this artificial organism, during its continuous journey around the oceans and the seas, stops for short or long periods in cities encountered throughout its trip, becoming a temporary extension to them;
as a temporary extension of the hosting city, the MORPHotel will become an added value for its inhabitants, who will take advantage from its services (a theatre, a commercial area, a linear garden, restaurants and a fitness centre). The city, in turn, will open its doors to MORPHotel tourists. In this way, the traditional separation between ‘tourist’ and ‘citizen’ will disappear, leaving space for a new entity: the “tourizen”.
3- ADAPTIVE SHAPE: the advantages offered by the adaptive shape of MORPHotel makes it possible for it not only to reach the harbour cities, adapting itself morphologically to the territory, but also to become it itself an independent aquatic organism. In fact, given its massive proportions (the whole spine is one kilometre long) it can become a floating harbour during its long ocean crossings; it does this by spiralling into itself and generating an artificial bay where boats and ships can find shelter.
4- SELF-SUFFICIENCY: one of the fundamental goals that we want to attain in this project is to create a big, independent, self-sufficient artificial organism. The self-sufficiency covers several functional aspects of MORPHotel. With regard to energy, this will be provided to the whole system through the combination of two different eco-friendly technologies: 1- Solar panels distributed along the upper part of the hull and glass panels; 2- The two ends of the spine will be destined to the production of energy through the movement of waves. Several examples of already existing
projects (e.g. The Pelamis Wave Energy Converter) show that using these systems allows the production of relevant quantities of energy. As a logical consequence, the production of drinking water will be related to the production of renewable energy. A part of the self-produced energy will be used on the one hand to filter and store the rainwater collected, and on the other hand to desalinate sea water.
The self-sufficiency will also regard the hotel’s ability to produce certain types of food; in fact, each of the central vertebra will contain a small vegetable garden. This part of the hotel will work as a big floating farm where it will be possible to grow vegetables, rear animals and store foodstuffs.
PROGRAMME: tourizens will enter the hotel through a “barycentric dock” whose function will be to plug MORPHotel to the harbour of the city where is located in that moment, to serve as a helicopter landing platform, to take vehicles aboard and to serve as a pier where visiting boats can dock.
Entering the main vertebra – where all the reception, administration and catering services are located – the guests will reach the services offered by this structure, which are located along the central axis of the structure (this consists in a covered “linear park” that serves as a connection between the different sectors). The two ends of the structure will contain the hotel rooms; these are conceived as capsules attached to the organism’s spine that will have varying degrees of luxury and comfort: from glass room located at the water level, to luxury rooms that function as independent boats that can leave the main structure and sail within a fixed range established for security reasons; passengers will be free to explore the areas that MORPHotel will cross during its perpetual and slow movement across the world.
A secondary pier for staff use only will be used to take on supplies for the journey and to allow boats to dock for refuelling, delivering and unloading of goods.
STRUCTURE: the structure of the vertebra will follow the traditional approach used in naval construction. The frame of the modules will be made up of pods constituted by orthogonal and diagonal sections; modules will be reinforced, covered and waterproofed with metals that are traditionally used in naval architecture; glass surfaces and open surfaces will alternate on the upper part of the modules. The system will be hold together by a complex circuit of mechanical joints (similar to those used for the connection of railway carriages), but in this case, these will be able – thanks to electronic controls – to expand or decrease their dimensions, allowing, therefore, a partial movement between the vertebra that will be extended to the whole MORPHotel, changing the shape of the whole structure.
MAA architectural master
Translation by Ilaria Lanzoni http://www.proz.com/profile/842242
For Mumbai – INDIA
Type luxury hotel | <urn:uuid:0c3c4457-fbda-472e-8cf0-7c9db989e36b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://iags.carbonmade.com/projects/2851186 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283689.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00354-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.94392 | 1,278 | 2.21875 | 2 |
About The Courses
Every person experience stress and pressure of some sort, whether it is about their working day or their personal life. When this stress piles up and you don’t have enough time to cope with it, then it becomes anxiety and depression, which can adversely affect your mental and physical health.
This Stress Management course will help you to learn skills to manage stress effectively and intelligently. Stress mainly occurs when you can’t balance between the pressure and demands of your workplace and personal life. This course is designed to teach you the techniques to deal with such situations. It teaches you useful tips that can help you to manage stress successfully and efficiently. The reason for stress can be the deadlines, new colleagues or increased responsibilities. This course throws light on these stress increasing factors and teaches you to how to deal with them. The main topics covered in this course are:
- Controlling information overload
- Techniques for staying calm and focused despite uncertainty
- Reducing stress through improved organization
- How to save time and reduce pressure
This course emphasize on active coping and supporting yourself through difficult time. The students can apply the stress management training techniques to get more of what is important to them. Persons who are experiencing chronic or acute stress related to work demands, study, business or personal life demands can definitely get benefited from this course.
Register yourself with ProLearning Hub to get benefits of this stress management course.
- Understand the pressure and Performance Management
- Learn the common causes of Stress
- Learn to build personal Stress audit
- Understand to identify pressure at work and home
- Learn to improve your interpersonal skills
- Understand the characteristics of well-managed Stress
- Teach you to make appropriate behavior changes
- Understand the link between good communication and decreased Stress
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0.00 / 5 | <urn:uuid:b281bbe8-2a11-40b3-a009-bca2f15c5444> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.prolearninghub.com/courses/stress-management/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00469.warc.gz | en | 0.933689 | 399 | 2.59375 | 3 |
We’ve already mentioned Predictable nature, Open-source, and Decentralized, but what are other Bitcoin characteristics? Let’s explore these characteristics further. Bitcoin is unique among digital currencies because of its characteristics, including Namelessness and Decentralization. Read on to discover the most important Bitcoin characteristics. And don’t forget to bookmark this page to keep up with new developments in the world of digital currencies. You’ll want to read more about Bitcoin before you invest in it!
Predictable in nature
The underlying technology of Bitcoin is a highly volatile digital currency. Its value is not determined by any central authority. The price fluctuates wildly on a daily, weekly, monthly, and yearly basis. While there are some predictability factors, it is not possible to make precise predictions. However, we can look at historical trends and forecast future prices. The table below shows a prediction of the price of Bitcoin on random dates. The accuracy for the 5 day prediction is high, and for the 6 month prediction, it is reasonable.
The Open-source Bitcoin characteristic is its decentralization. The network is made up of willing participants, and all decisions are made by consensus among users. Among the thousands of cryptocurrencies, Bitcoin is the most decentralized. Decentralization strengthens the currency’s position as a means of collateral in global economies. However, the Open-source Bitcoin characteristic makes it difficult to implement new security features. If this is important to you, read on to discover more about the benefits of Open-source Bitcoin.
The ability to upgrade and change software is another key Open-source Bitcoin characteristic. Because Bitcoin is an open-source project, there are no formalized procedures for updating software. Instead, its governance relies on voluntary deliberation, persuasion, and volition. This means that users determine how the software is designed and how it functions. It is this autonomy that has resulted in the creation of several different versions of Bitcoin.
Its ability to improve money is another important Open-source Bitcoin characteristic. The fact that any individual can download the entire code is another benefit. Because the code is publicly available, anyone can see and change it. In addition, open-source software can be audited by anyone. As a result, it encourages an open dialogue and logical conversations between users. This makes Bitcoin a powerful payment system for both new and established businesses.
Lastly, the Open-Source characteristics of Bitcoin make it a valuable tool for transacting value outside the traditional financial system. Unlike other currencies, Bitcoin allows individuals to make international payments without having to go through a bank. As such, it settles international payments faster, more securely, and with lower transactional fees. It is not possible for a company to take advantage of this feature and monopolize the market. The Open-Source model of Bitcoin helps the public by ensuring that no single company controls the currency.
One of the main advantages of decentralized Bitcoin is its high degree of anonymity. Since a person cannot change his or her address, a decentralized system would be more secure and difficult to hack. A decentralized system has a limited number of central authorities, so if one person decides to change his or her address, it is possible that other users will also do so. However, a decentralized system is not without its own problems.
The first of the above two problems is the difficulty of making decisions. While a majority of people can stake their coins, the difficulty of making such decisions is very high. The solution to this problem will be highly decentralized, although the costs will be high. The second problem is the lack of transparency. Since the cryptocurrency market is still in its infancy, there are few centralized institutions. The emergence of decentralised payment networks is a major concern for governments.
However, despite its decentralized nature, these systems still need centralised governance for operational and strategic decisions. This is because centralized governance requires a central authority, and the consensus mechanisms encourage concentration of power. While decentralised finance offers the potential for real-world disruption, it does not have a lot of practical uses for the real economy. The main applications of decentralised finance are speculation and arbitrage across several cryptoassets.
One of the most compelling features of decentralized bitcoin is its accessibility to people in developing countries. Developing countries are notorious for their lack of access to banks, and there are 1.7 billion adults without bank accounts. In many cases, these individuals cannot afford to open a bank account, and they are highly dependent on cash as a source of money. By contrast, bitcoins are decentralized and thus have minimal transaction fees. There are also no central authorities, so transaction fees are low.
The nameless Bitcoin characteristic refers to the lack of a history of buyer transactions. This means that there are no monetary records or contact details attached to a Bitcoin address. The fact that all transactions are recorded on the Blockchain makes it virtually impossible for someone to trace an individual’s Bitcoin address to the owner of that wallet. However, people have mixed opinions on the subject of anonymity. While it is possible to remain anonymous using a Bitcoin wallet, many people feel that it can encourage dangerous activity.
A significant characteristic of Bitcoin is its limited supply. This lack of central authority and the decentralized nature of its network means that a finite number of bitcoins are ever in circulation. This is a key characteristic, as it allows Bitcoin to be used as both a payment and investment asset. The currency is also decentralized, meaning that there are no central authorities to control its supply or value. A peer-to-peer network enables users to collectively own and control a Bitcoin, which is the foundation of Bitcoin. The miners contribute their computing power to verify transactions, and the reward gets smaller with each new completed block.
A key feature of Bitcoin is its limited supply. The maximum supply of Bitcoin is 21 million tokens, a number stipulated by its inventors. Miners have minted more than 18 million tokens, but this number is subject to halving every four years, making it even more scarce. As more mainstream institutions adopt Bitcoin, the limited supply contributes to the price of the currency. As a result, the demand for Bitcoin grows exponentially.
This characteristic is also an important part of its value, as the amount of new Bitcoins is expected to keep up with the number of transactions. The only downside of this system is that it does not have an unlimited supply. In 2009, there were 50 Bitcoins per block. By 2140, the number of blocks will have decreased to 0.000000001 Bitcoin, which is 119 years away. With limited supply, Bitcoins are still expected to retain their value in the long run.
A limited supply of Bitcoins has its advantages as a currency. Because there is no single government that regulates cryptocurrencies, Bitcoin prices fluctuate based on public perception and confidence. This volatility is considered by some investors as a downside but it is a leading characteristic that savvy investors use as a competitive advantage. Bitcoin prices on different crypto exchanges are very volatile, and traders can take advantage of these price differences to make more money.
If you’re new to cryptocurrencies, you may be wondering what a Bitcoin is and how it works. Bitcoins are digital currency that allows you to make secure peer-to-peer payments over the internet. Like traditional currency, you can buy and sell them for profit. But, before you start trading or buying bitcoins, you should know a few basics.
If you want to know how to get a Bitcoin, then you’ve come to the right place. Bitcoin is a digital currency that is popular for various reasons. Some people buy it as a way to save for the future, while others enjoy instant international money transfers. However, no matter what your reason for getting a Bitcoin is, you will want to learn more about the system. After all, it’s possible to earn a few dollars with Bitcoin!
First, you’ll need a wallet. A wallet is a program that helps you manage and send Bitcoins. Each wallet has at least one private key, which serves a similar function to a password. The private key is used to generate a unique BTC address. Make sure to store it safely, as your private key can be stolen or hacked. Once you’ve obtained a wallet, you’ll need to use it to send and receive bitcoins.
New way to pay for goods and services
There are many ways to pay in our world today, and these methods are constantly changing. Offering a variety of payment options is beneficial to any business, as it allows customers to choose how they want to pay. Not accepting certain types of payment can limit a business’s potential customer base and sales. Listed below are some new payment options you should consider for your business. If you don’t accept one of these payment methods, you’ll likely be left behind.
The shift to cashless payments is part of a much larger transformation in how we pay for goods and services. Not only are the methods changing, but the entire payment infrastructure is also changing. The evolution of backend systems and front-end components is changing the payment mix, while the development of digital currencies is reshaping the entire payments landscape. Further, the rise of “buy now, pay later” services and central bank digital currencies is transforming the payment landscape.
Despite the many advantages of cryptocurrency, one of the main concerns with this currency is its relative anonymity. The use of Bitcoin has been linked to criminal activity, including the website known as the Silk Road. Users purchased contraband items, used Bitcoin to launder money from crime, and even funded terrorist organisations. Because of this, critics believe that the emergence of this new ‘crypto currency’ will be limited by security concerns. They say that mainstream transaction banking systems will be unable to accommodate the new concept of anonymity.
However, some users say that the relative anonymity of Bitcoin makes it appealing to criminal organizations. Some people even claim that the currency is safer than traditional currencies, because it does not require a bank to process transactions. Relative anonymity is important for consumers and reputable lenders. However, if used improperly, cryptocurrency can cause trouble for borrowers and can make a borrower ineligible for a mortgage loan.
The future of cryptocurrency is a complex one, and it has attracted regulatory attention from governments across the world. Currently, the regulations of the cryptocurrency industry are determined by each country’s laws, although the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) released a set of guidelines in June 2019. The new guidelines require cryptocurrency exchanges and ICOs to verify the identity of customers who make over $1,000 of transactions. These organizations also must send customer information back and forth, just like banks do. Countries have 12 months to implement the new rules. The new rules will affect smaller businesses, as they have been required to follow ‘know your customer’ regulations in the past.
While the SEC is still unsure about digital assets, the government must ensure their safety. It is the government’s job to ensure that the market does not fall victim to fraudulent actors and to protect the public from being harmed by these digital assets. Regulating digital assets as securities would give the SEC the flexibility to regulate them as such. This would help prevent fraudulent activities and protect investors from losing money. The government should also ensure that digital assets comply with the anti-money laundering laws.
Some cryptocurrencies, like Bitcoin, are considered securities. The SEC wants to regulate them as such, which would affect exchanges, ICOs, and wallet companies. The SEC released its latest guidance on cryptocurrencies in April, but the guidelines are not yet law. Ether is considered a commodity by the CFTC and can trade on U.S. markets. However, some states still have not approved the use of cryptoassets in commerce.
If you are interested in learning more about Bitcoin, you’ve come to the right place. There is a steep learning curve to this revolutionary system. It is important that you get a basic grasp of the basics before you start to invest in it. After all, you don’t want to lose your keys or send your money to scammers! Below, we’ve listed some tips for getting started with Bitcoin. And while you may be tempted to jump in right away, it is a better idea to diversify your portfolio with other cryptocurrencies, before committing.
Getting Started with Bitcoin Technology: This course teaches the fundamentals of Blockchain and Bitcoin. This course is designed for ambitious professionals looking to bridge the skill gap. The course contains interactive exercises, demo and whiteboard videos, as well as complimentary additional lectures. The course is not only comprehensive but also highly interactive. You’ll learn all the necessary information needed to get started in the Bitcoin world, including how to make your first purchase. By the end of the course, you’ll be a cryptocurrency expert.
If you’ve never heard of Bitcoin, you may be confused about how to get started. Bitcoin is a decentralized digital currency. You can send it anywhere in the world without worrying about government regulations. And because it’s decentralized, no one country controls its network. Anyone with a computer and an internet connection can download the software and start using it. With the rise in Bitcoin prices, it’s becoming easier than ever to use Bitcoin. | <urn:uuid:7232834a-d99a-44b0-b17d-ed315111ceb7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wrltechnologies.com/what-are-bitcoin-characteristics | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572304.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816120802-20220816150802-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.949417 | 2,748 | 2.65625 | 3 |
Kids Preschool Puzzle Lite
By Lemberg Solutions Limited
Open iTunes to buy and download apps.
A lot of wonderful pictures to assemble and 14 languages to master in one app!
Lite version of the awesome app for kids: with one category open (“Animals”) to try it out before you buy a full version of the game (through in-app purchase).
The challenge of this educational game is interesting and exciting: a child will move patterned pieces of paper to complete a picture. When the object is created, its name is spelled on the screen and you can hear the word pronunciation - ★★★in any of 14 languages available★★★!
Pictures are grouped into 6 categories (Animals, Vehicles, Fruit, Veggies, Numbers, Shapes), so there are ★★★60 wonderful pictures to assemble and learn★★★ Want to change the picture category? Just press the bookmark and select any other category you like!
★★★Sketchbook feel★★★ With this app your child gets a real sketchbook on a mobile screen. Chequered paper, pencil, turning the pages - feels like the real thing! When playing the game kids create cool pictures from pencil sketches.
★★★Language learner★★★ There are 14 languages inside the app (English, French, German, Italian, Spanish, Dutch, Swedish, Norwegian, Finnish, Danish, Russian, Polish, Czech, Ukrainian) and every object on the picture has its name spelled and pronounced in all of these languages!
★★★Word pronunciation and spelling★★★. After the picture is completed, its name is pronounced. At first, in your native tongue. However, you can easily select any other language from the list: just tap on the screen, and there you go!
Additionally, this game shows how to spell a word (again, in any of the 14 available languages).
★★★Splash of colours★★★ All game elements (parts of a sketch, completed images) are brightly painted. Polished graphics certainly helps kids learn new colours and enrich their imagination!
★★★Skills development★★★ With this game kids can refine their language, pronunciation, drawing, motor, visual, abstract thinking, and problem solving skills. And all this as a part of an engaging game!
★★★Discover the world!★★★ Playing this educational game, children can learn their first words - names of things that they like and see everyday. Different fruit, vegetables, numbers and types of shapes - the most common words which will be useful for everyday vocabulary!
Game history is not saved, so the kid can create the same pictures as many times as he or she likes it!
This bright and spellbinding learning game with joyful background music is great for kids of different age groups: preschoolers who are learning their first words, as well as older children who are willing to master a foreign language. Kids Preschool Puzzle has ★★★three different levels of complexity★★★: easy, medium and hard. At the easy level, shapes are sketched and there is a hint where to put puzzles. At the medium level, shapes are contoured, and in the hard level there are no contour lines.
Don’t feel like playing? Just change the app mode to ★★★ Learn★★★ and you’ll get a chance to memorise all the words in any of available languages with a simple touch of the screen (and without assembling the pictures).
What's New in Version 1.1
Сrash issues were fixed
Customers Also Bought
- Category: Education
- Updated: 22 June 2012
- Version: 1.1
- Size: 42.7 MB
- Languages: English, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Norwegian Bokmål, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, Ukrainian
- Developer: Lemberg Solutions Limited
- © EduKidsApps
Compatibility: Requires iOS 4.2 or later. Compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch.
Top In-App Purchases
- Kids Preschool Puzzle Full Version£2.99 | <urn:uuid:55facbb5-b01d-4672-8a2e-bda1a0efe135> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://itunes.apple.com/gb/app/kids-preschool-puzzle-lite/id527946076?mt=8 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284411.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00460-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.917742 | 851 | 2.15625 | 2 |
Neuroscientists at Cambridge University have come up with a more interesting use for their Inkjet printer other than printing photos of the lab’s Christmas party.
According to the British journal Biofabrication, which we get for the spot the fabrication competition, the team used an inkjet printer to print cells from the eye, making a practical step in the quest to grow replenishment tissue for damaged or diseased organs.
Researchers at England’s extracted two types of cells from rat retinas and squirted them through a printer nozzle to see if they survived.
Apparently the rats’ retinas were healthy after being “printed,” retaining their ability to survive and grow.
What the Cambridge boffins Keith Martin and Barbara Lorber believe is that they could use this technique to build artificial tissue in layers.
This is the first time that the technology has been used to successfully print mature cells from the central nervous system, the scientists said. They cautioned, however, that much work lay ahead.
What they want to do is build retinal tissue for people suffering from degenerative diseases of the eye as the loss of nerve cells in the retina is a feature of many blinding eye diseases.
“The retina is an exquisitely organised structure, where the precise arrangement of cells in relation to one another is critical for effective visual function,” they said in a press release.
The team used a piezoelectric inkjet printer head, which expelled so-called glia cells and retinal ganglion cells from adult lab rats through a single nozzle less than one millimetre (0.04 of an inch) across.
Inkjet fluid has a narrow margin of error in terms of viscosity and surface tension before it stops working. Adding cells to the liquid had the potential to make a real mess.
The only thing wrong with the technique is that there was a large loss in the number of cells sinking to the bottom of the fluid reservoir where they could not be printed. The cells that were printed were undamaged and could grow. | <urn:uuid:85b23559-e8cb-494c-989d-88500d75d966> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.techeye.net/science/inkjet-can-print-eye-cells | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279224.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00482-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961925 | 429 | 3.640625 | 4 |
IF THE GREENS proceed with the constitutional changes mooted by political commentator Matthew Hooton, then their electoral future is bleak. The public has learned to live with the Greens’ male and female co-leaders, especially after the rule was adopted by Te Pāti Māori. Doing away with the male co-leader position, however, and replacing it with a co-leadership position open to “any gender” – Hooton’s prediction – will likely strike a great many Green Party supporters as both self-indulgently radical and blatantly unfair.
If Hooton’s second prediction, that the Green constitution will be further amended to require at least one of the party’s co-leaders to be Māori, also proves accurate, then the loyalty of Green voters will be tested even more strenuously.
The reasons for this are fairly straightforward.
The Greens are engaged in electoral politics: being so, they are bound by the rules of the New Zealand electoral system. The most relevant of these for any party promoting radical policies is that they must attract more than 5 percent of the Party Votes cast (or win an electorate seat) to gain a seat or seats in the House of Representatives. Crossing that 5 percent threshold in 2020 meant attracting somewhere in the vicinity of 145,000 votes. With 226,757 votes (7.8 percent) the Greens easily made it into Parliament.
The question to be answered, then, is a simple one. If the mooted constitutional changes proceed, how many formerly Green voters is the party likely to lose? If the answer is greater than 81,000, and Chloe Swarbrick fails to hold Auckland Central, then the Greens will cease to be a party represented in Parliament.
Eighty-one thousand votes may sound like a lot, but consider the fate of the Alliance – a coalition of radical parties of which the Greens were once part. Between the 1999 and 2002 general elections, 133,971 of the Alliance’s party voters took their support elsewhere. Its share of the Party Vote fell from 7.7 percent to 1.3 percent, and it ceased to be a parliamentary party.
Such is the fate of political parties which, for one reason or another, forfeit the trust, confidence and respect of their supporters. The transition from hero to zero can be brutally quick.
All too often the risk of alienating a critical number of party supporters is seriously underestimated by party members. The latter are dangerously prone to believing that their electoral support base is, in all practical respects, indistinguishable from themselves.
Except, this is almost never the case – especially for those parties capable of cresting the 5 percent threshold. Support is won on the strength of a great many considerations – and sometimes for the party’s position on just a single issue. Voters are not required to be either rational or consistent, and an alarming number of them are neither. Party members are almost always more ideologically consistent than party supporters.
All of these factors are acutely relevant to the Green Party.
A large chunk of its support (perhaps most of it) is based upon the perceived urgency of state action to combat Climate Change. Other voters’ will back the Greens for the party’s original commitment to social justice (long since attenuated to “social responsibility”). Some will back the Greens on account of their pacifism and because the party is committed to an ethical foreign policy. Many more will vote Green simply because they are in favour of decriminalising cannabis.
The number attracted to the Greens because they have altered their constitution to reflect their opposition to binary, heteronormative gender relations is likely to be considerably smaller than any of the groups of voters mentioned above. Outside of a very small fraction of the highly-educated professional middle-class, and a similarly modest percentage of their offspring studying at university, such matters display something pretty close to zero political salience.
Certain to display much greater salience with progressive voters will be the obvious disdain evinced by a large number of Green Party members for the political performance of their male co-leader, James Shaw, along with their equally obvious determination to remove him from his position.
While a great many Green voters are dissatisfied with the current government’s performance on Climate Change, this does not necessarily mean that they are dissatisfied with Shaw’s handling of the Climate Change portfolio. Most will realise that the Greens exercise very little influence over the behaviour of the Jacinda Ardern-led Labour Government, and more than a few will applaud Shaw for having parlayed the very weak hand he was dealt to such good effect and with such political skill.
The idea that he is being eased out of his male co-leader’s role by means of a transparent piece of constitutional revision may not sit well with these voters. By them the manoeuvre may be judged both cowardly and dishonest. Many will feel unable to go on supporting a party that is prepared to countenance such shabby political tactics.
Other Green supporters will attempt to match up the proposed constitutional changes with the four core tenets of the global Green movement: Ecological Wisdom, Social Justice, Grassroots Democracy, and Non-Violence. They will struggle to see very much in the way of wisdom, justice, or democracy in any of these proposals. But, they will not miss the venomous emotional violence inherent in the execution of a political manoeuvre that protects the jobs and careers of some politicians while ruthlessly sacrificing those of others. These supporters, too, may feel unable to go on voting for a party capable of deploying such toxic levels of passive aggression.
Finally, there is the crucial question of political perception. What do these mooted constitutional changes make the Green Party look like?
Do they make the Greens look like a political organisation welcoming to all New Zealanders?
Do they make the Greens look like a group of politicians capable of prioritising the environmental, economic and social outcomes that New Zealand and the planet so desperately need?
Do they make the Greens look the way they used to look, back in the days of Rod Donald, Jeanette Fitzsimons, Sue Bradford, Keith Locke, Sue Kedgley and Nandor Tanczos: like a group of people who both like and support one another in the promotion of causes no rational voter can fail to acknowledge?
Or, do they make the Greens look like a political party that would rather be politically correct than politically successful?
A party on course to lose a great deal more than 81,000 votes.
This essay was originally posted on The Daily Blog of Tuesday, 12 April 2022. | <urn:uuid:789bafb9-1309-4399-9ecc-e49bc95b3a79> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bowalleyroad.blogspot.com/2022/04/eighty-one-thousand-votes.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00276.warc.gz | en | 0.959751 | 1,359 | 1.976563 | 2 |
All of our activities this week will be about Chinese New Year
Watch the story of Chinese New Year and how each year is named after a different animal.
Mark making Challenge
Can you make marks or draw one of the animals from the story? You could colour it in too.
Speaking and Listening
Watch the film about getting ready for New Year. What do the children do? What new things happen? What else do you notice? Talk to your grown up about it. https://www.youtube.com/watchv=c8ssHXZ9_qU
Have a go at making a dragon. You can use anything you have at home. It could be boxes, fabric, paint or anything at all! It can be big or small.
Can you do a dragon dance? Here is one to watch and then you could copy what the dragon does. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aVKILdeob4E
Can you make marks to show 1, 2 and 3? Here are the Chinese numbers that you could copy.
Make a decoration for Chinese New Year. They are usually red and gold but you can use any colours you like. You could make something that hangs or that you could put on the wall.
Find things that start with the c sound. You could look around your house or if you go for a walk.
Physical and Speaking and listening
Can you listen to the Chinese dragon song and join in with the actions?
Have a lovely half term week | <urn:uuid:0ce1f165-ad12-4067-9ead-d55a25aa5b62> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.whitwellprimary.co.uk/week-beginning-8th-february-2021/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00669.warc.gz | en | 0.921956 | 373 | 3.765625 | 4 |
For the first six months of their relationship, Bianca and Greg were coy about how they'd met. Only a few close friends knew they'd connected through online dating; to everyone else, they would hint that the pub or sandwich place near work had been the scene of their first encounter. When they did come out with the truth, perhaps the biggest surprise was how unsurprising the news was.
''It was kind of liberating, actually,'' Bianca says. ''Usually, people would respond by saying that one of their other mates also found love online and how it was really common. It's far more common than a few years ago because we're all online a lot more in general. It's a little like an extension of social media, really. We're mostly all in front of a computer all day for work and search for jobs, houses, cars, buy and sell stuff on eBay, read favourite magazines or blogs. It just makes sense that the time you'd put into researching a major purchase or life change could be applied to finding someone special.''
The research certainly worked for the couple, who were engaged in December. And studies suggest that theirs is an increasingly typical story - a 2010 Nielsen random survey of 2000 Australians found a quarter had tried online dating, of which 16 per cent had formed long-term relationships as a result.
If you focus on the figures, the options for singles today seem limitless - online dating, speed dating, mobile apps for hooking up, date coaching, even ''wingmen/women'' for hire. But are these just an extension of the old-fashioned methods of meeting new partners or are they changing the ways we relate to each other? ''We shape our tools,'' media theorist Marshall McLuhan wrote, ''and thereafter they shape us.'' This was in 1964 and McLuhan was referring to the ways new technologies didn't simply act as vehicles for communication but shaped the very identities of those who used them. What would he have made of today's abundance of tools for creating relationships? Is digital technology not just helping romance but redefining it?
While she has friends who speed-date ''religiously'', one turn at the table was more than enough for Kate, 31. ''Because it's such a weird thing,'' she laughs. ''It's a totally weird thing to do. It's too much, too fast and totally judgmental. The whole night was pretty funny. Really high-energy - there was music playing, people moving about and it was a really exciting experience. But I don't think I would go back and do it again.''
Not that she had a bad result: she ended up dating a man she met on the night for a while, and they're still close. She also found herself sitting next to a stranger who is now one of her closest friends: ''So I think as a social thing it's a great opportunity to make friends in that way.''
Kate has dipped her toes into online dating, too, but found it equally odd: ''I put up these photos which I thought were hilarious - me wearing a gridiron outfit I'd worn to the Comedy Festival closing party, this full gridiron uniform with helmet and make-up and blood. Probably not the best thing, but it was funny. I thought if somebody finds this funny then it's a start, but I did not fare well. Didn't even go on one date or anything. It was too mystifying.''
Writer and festival director Lisa Dempster maintains a considerable presence on the internet, but finds the blurring of our online and offline selves can result in confusing encounters. ''One of the things I find really hard about the online space is when people feel they know you. This instant familiarity with people you don't actually know. I often find that disconcerting in person, when you have this realisation that you're sitting with someone who actually knows you quite well, even though you've never met before. They don't know anything about your personality but they do know what kind of food you like to eat or what your political beliefs are.''
Last year Dempster went for coffee with a stranger to talk over professional matters, but later realised the bizarre impact her online identity had had on the meeting: ''The second time we met up he said, 'I really like you, I'd like to go out with you', and I was shocked because I didn't feel that at all. I thought we were having a coffee.
''He felt like he knew me so well online that the in-person meeting almost didn't matter; he'd already developed a relationship with me based on my Twitter profile, what I blog about, stuff like that. Which was pretty confronting for me to deal with, because some of the most important parts of me aren't online, so how could you be interested in going out with me just based on what I'd written? That was a weird situation.''
For Kate, too, new forms of communicating bring new forms of miscommunicating. ''You feel like you might be making a joke or flirting and it becomes, 'Who is this idiot?' Because you can't get sarcasm and things like that through the written form. The way people read things quickly and do things fast. It's a very tricky world.''
Even the shapes of new media - of brief updates, two-line profile bios, text-message romance - can be limiting, she says. ''Maybe it is detaching us romantically because it's so casual. I think there is a detachment. If you're on a date, do you think in status updates when you're trying to talk to someone? Do we understand ourselves well enough to present that in a fluid way during those moments?''
"It's a very tricky world." - Kate, 31
The ease of online communication can be its own problem, Dempster says: ''You've got to email back and forth and get to know each other before you decide to go out for a coffee. Whereas before internet dating, you'd be forced into that personal relationship with them straight away, be it a phone call or a coffee or a drink. So it gives people more of a chance to vet people and with that comes this mental idea that there are so many options out there that you want the best one. It makes people a little bit callous in a way. If there's something right at the start that's not working, it's like, 'Well, there are 2000 other people on the site'.''
One technology that has dramatically altered the playing field is Grindr, the mobile app that employs GPS tracking to allow gay men to check out other users in the area (a version for straight users, Blendr, recently entered the market). Grindr is so popular that Melbourne comic Nath Valvo created a show around it for this year's Midsumma festival and sold out every performance.
''It's just completely changing the gay scene in Melbourne,'' he says.
''Every friend of mine has it, everyone's going on dates, everyone's hooking up on it. You go to a gay club and you actually see guys at the bar or on the dance floor on Grindr.''
Some of his experiences suggest the strange new world into which Grindr users have arrived: he was once in a waiting room for a job interview and another Grindr user somewhere nearby began sending him messages through the app. He didn't reply but upon entering the interview it became immediately apparent that his interviewer was the anonymous suitor: ''He knew it, I knew it and it wasn't mentioned. But suffice to say, I didn't get the job. In my defence, he didn't get a job, either.''
Valvo, 28, says Grindr has opened his eyes to some of the more unusual intimate preferences of Melbourne men, too: ''I've been asked to shampoo a guy's hair. I was asked to blow up balloons in front of a guy. I was asked to wear bathers. Not do anything else, just wear bathers. I mentioned these in the show and then guys came up to me and said, 'I got that message too, that guy spoke to me.' So it's known now that there's a guy out there who likes people to blow up balloons in front of him. That's becoming a known fact and a new accepted fetish, and we have Grindr to thank for that!''
In all these stories, it's the getting-to-know-you process that seems to result in the mostconfusion - be it the two-minutes-and-you're-outta-here of speed dating, the unrequited intimacy of following a stranger on the internet, or the unexpected facts an app such as Grindr can uncover. La Trobe University's Danielle Couch and Pranee Liamputtong have been researching users of online dating sites for several years and some of their findings suggest that much of the appeal of new media lies in the way it allows us to manage our love lives carefully.
Many of their interview subjects are particularly concerned about authenticity online - they're wary of scammers, of insincerity or deliberate vagueness. Some used tricks to weed out dodgy matches, such as maintaining more than one dating account or keeping two phone numbers to guard their privacy. It's a paradoxical situation in which a potential partner's truthfulness is determined by not-entirely-open means.
It's not so much about deception, however, as managing risk. ''For many of our participants there seemed be a constant ongoing negotiation about how much they would reveal,'' Couch says, ''revealing more as trust developed and if the person they were interacting with was also gradually revealing information.''
Valvo has an illustrative story that's more than a little heart-warming, too. He'd been in contact with another user and spoken for a few days before meeting in person. ''I wasn't expecting much. I actually went over to have sex and instead of hooking up we just got along really well and started laughing and chatting. He was a bit younger and seemed to be going through all this stuff that I went through when I was coming out and while we didn't end up hooking up we've now become pretty good mates. And without sounding all Oprah, I seemed to have a positive impact on him coming out and I'm someone he can call and chat to. So here I am looking to get my rocks off and end up meeting a dude who just really needed to meet a gay guy who has come out and feels comfortable about it.''
The comedian says he knows other men who wouldn't have been able to come out if they hadn't had access to the relative safety of chat rooms and other internet tools, and it's a case that extends beyond the gay community. Couch has found that ''online dating can provide a sense of empowerment in that it can offer people a high level of control in how they manage their interactions and self-presentation. They choose when to reveal certain bits of information about themselves or photos or when to take it to the next level, or they can 'block' people they don't want to interact with any more, or they can update their profile to present themselves slightly differently. Many feel that this gives them more control compared with trying to meet someone face to face.''
Over the years, Couch and Liamputtong have noted the increasingly normalisation of these new dating methods - Couch met her partner online in 2006; they now have two children. ''In 2006, people were often surprised if you 'confessed' to meeting your partner online, whereas now everybody seems to know someone who met someone online.''
As Bianca says, whatever the quirks of new media romance, in the end it's ''just another potential meeting place - with the advantage of knowing whether they know the difference between 'their', 'they're' and 'there' before jumping into bed with them! I think it's all about being open-minded and not too hung up on someone to avoid disappointment. I guess it's like going on a date with a guy you pub-pashed the previous weekend. There's the potential there for disappointment, too, once the 2am beer goggles are off.''
Kate, meanwhile, has decided to return to more traditional methods of finding a match. She's not exactly against the new world of dating: ''There's a really valid place for it. But I don't think it is for me because I use sarcasm and humour a lot and I don't think that translates unless you know a person. I'm not ruling it out at this stage and I have re-entered the singles market, but I'm going back to the old-fashioned way for now, of going to places I like, going to gigs and galleries. The hardest thing is to just start talking to somebody but if you treat it like you're travelling in your own city, you do meet people.'' | <urn:uuid:e00b6eb8-ee20-417a-9719-54b15f016434> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.theage.com.au/lifestyle/changing-the-game-20120211-1sy90.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00073.warc.gz | en | 0.982157 | 2,654 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Union Pacific's Late EMD Switchers
Index For This Page
This page was last updated on June 26, 2013.
Of all of America's Class One railroads, Union Pacific is one of the few that still has use for a large fleet of pure, purpose-built switch engines. The switcher fleets of other large railroads, such as Burlington Northern and the Southern Pacific were shrinking, and the three big eastern roads, Conrail, Norfolk Southern, and CSX, were also operating fewer numbers of switchers. Union Pacific's potential merger partner Santa Fe has eliminated this type of unit completely, choosing instead to use smaller road service locomotives, such as refurbished GP30s and GP35s, to perform any needed yard switching duties.
Prior to the 1982 merger with Missouri Pacific and Western Pacific, UP's switcher fleet consisted of an 87-unit fleet of NW2s, SW7s, SW9s and TR5s, all built between 1939 and 1953, along with 45 rebuilt SW10s. There were still 19 NW2s, 18 SW7s, four SW9s, and only a single TR5 cow and calf set. All were at least 20 years old, except the newly rebuilt SW10s, which were the result of an on-going program begun three years before, in 1979.
Former WP, MP, and MKT SW1500s
The December 1982 merger brought seven SW1500s to the Union Pacific roster; three from WP and four from MP. Of the 808 SW1500s completed by EMD between July 1966 and January 1974, these seven units represented less than 1 percent, and Western Pacific and Missouri Pacific were just two of 58 customers. Western Pacific 1501-1503 were delivered to WP in May 1973, in WP's dark green with orange lettering paint scheme. The three units were repainted to UP yellow and gray, retaining their former WP numbers, in April and May 1984. These three SW1500s were generally assigned to the Oakland yard prior to the merger (one was used in San Francisco until WP ended its ferry service to that city), and after being repainted at North Platte in 1984, they were returned to Oakland for service. In 1987 and 1988, in a move to place all of the road's switchers in the 1200 and 1300 series, the three ex-WP units were renumbered from their original 1500-series to the 1300 series, as 1315-1317, in number slots following the former P&LE MP15DCs in the 1300-1314 series; UP 1501 became UP 1315 in November 1988; UP 1502 became UP 1316 in May 1988, and in August 1987, UP 1503 became UP 1317. UP 1315-1317 were formally purchased by Union Pacific on January 3, 1989 after the original lease to WP expired on January 1, 1989. In 1990, all three ex-WP SW1500s were reassigned from their California locations to new assignments at Centennial Yard in Fort Worth, Texas.
UP 1318-1321 were originally MP 1518-1521. These four units were Missouri Pacific's first, and only, experience with EMD's SW1500 switcher, and were numbered after the 18 SW1500s MP had furnished in its co-ownership (with SSW) of the Alton and Southern (A&S), a terminal railroad operating in East St. Louis, Illinois. These 18 MP-owned, A&S-leased units were delivered to A&S in three orders of six units each (with retired RS2/3s as trade-in material): A&S 1500-1505 in May 1969; A&S 1506-1511 in February 1970; and A&S 1512-1517 in April 1971. MP 1518-1521 were delivered in December 1972 and were the only SW1500s on MP proper. (Later, in October 1980, MP purchased a single MP15DC for service on the Alton. Given A&S road number 1522, it too was painted in the A&S scheme of yellow hood and blue cab.)
MP 1518 was repainted to MP's version of the UP-standard yellow and gray scheme, with Missouri Pacific spelled out in the squareish North Little Rock style lettering, in April 1985, and was later relettered and renumbered to UP 1318 in August 1986. MP 1519 became yellow and gray UP 1319 in October 1986. MP 1520 and 1521 retained their MP blue color schemes throughout this period of the original lease.
All four of the ex-MP SW1500s were no longer on UP's switcher roster. The original 15-year lease for UP 1318-1321 expired in December 31, 1987. All four units were retired on January 1, 1988 and were returned to their owner/lessor, who immediately sold them to Helm Financial Corporation. Helm sold UP 1318 and 1319 to Chicago Rail Link as their numbers 18 and 19 in February 1988. The two other units, MP 1520 and 1521, still in MP blue paint, remained on UP and were leased by UP from Helm on a five-year operating lease. MP 1520 and 1521 were painted yellow and gray, becoming UP 1320, 1321 in May 1989 and June 1988 respectively. UP 1320 and 1321 were returned to Helm upon expiration of the later five-year operating lease in late March 1994.
The merger of the Union Pacific and the Missouri-Kansas-Texas in August 1988 brought an additional six SW1500s to UP's stable of late EMD switching locomotives, four of which remain on the roster. The first two, MKT 50 and 51, were delivered to the Katy in November 1967, and the other four, MKT 52-55, following in September 1968.
MKT 50 and 51 became UP 1322 and 1323 in July 1989 and December 1989. MKT 52 became UP 1324 in July 1989, and MKT 54 and 55 became UP 1326 and 1327 in February 1990. MKT 53 was the last former MKT unit to be repainted from MKT green and yellow to UP's yellow and gray paint scheme, and was repainted and renumbered to UP 1325 in November 1993.
The lease on UP 1322 and 1323 expired in October 1989 and both were returned to their owner, EMD, in November. The former UP 1322 was later sold by EMD to Prairie Coal in Saskatchewan. The other four ex-MKT SW1500s were still on the roster, in service as UP 1324-1327.
The October 1990 reassignment of switch locomotives included the assignment of ex-MP SW1500s 1320, 1321 and ex-MKT SW1500s 1324, 1325, 1326, and 1327 in three two-unit sets to trim service for the hump at Fort Worth's Centennial Yard.
Union Pacific did not purchase the SW1500 model new, but acquired all of its 13 examples through merger. While six units have left the roster, seven units remain - all three ex-WP units and four ex-MKT units. As of mid 1996, all seven work at the former MP Centennial hump yard in Fort Worth, Texas, working the trim jobs at the west end of the yard.
Former MP MP15DCs
UP's 62 former Missouri Pacific MP15DCs came to the railroad through the December 1982 merger. EMD's MP15DC was built between February 1974 and late 1982, with 246 units having been built. The 25 units in the MP 1530-1554 series came in three different orders during the one-year period from March 1974 to March 1975. The units delivered in 1974 came as model-type MP15, but with the introduction of the AC-alternator option for its 1,500 horsepower switcher line, EMD changed the models to be either the MP15DC or the MP15AC, a model which MP chose not to include in its expanding modern switcher fleet.
The later group of 37 Missouri Pacific MP15DCs, numbers 1356-1392, came in two separate orders, 20 units in January 1982 (MP 1356-1375), and another 17 units in October and November 1982, with road numbers 1376-1392. The new 1300-series numbers were necessary to avoid the 110-unit group of GP15-1s MP had acquired between June 1976 and November 1981, carrying road numbers 1555-1664, themselves numbered after the earlier orders of MP15DCs.
The MP15DC fleet was intact at the time of the December 1982 merger, and remains intact today, with no retirements having taken place. As mentioned above in the SW1500 discussion, Alton & Southern MP15DC 1522 was delivered in November 1980, between the two groups of MP MP15DCs. The new unit was needed on the MP/SSW-owned St. Louis area terminal road to augment its fleet of eighteen SW1500s.
An additional three MP15DCs were originally part of the final MP MP15DC order (MP 1376-1392) in November 1982, but these three units were diverted to MP/AT&SF/MKT-owned Texas City Terminal Railway 35-37 at Texas City, Texas, painted in that road's yellow and green scheme.
Three almost-new MP15DCs, MP 1389, 1391, and 1392, were assigned to the Union Pacific at Los Angeles, Portland, and Seattle, respectively, in May 1983 to "show the colors" of the new UP/MP/WP merger. Like-wise, recently rebuilt UP SW10s 1240, 1241, 1245 were assigned to the MP at Houston. While assigned to UP's Albina yard in Portland, MP 1391 was repainted in full MP blue in January 1984. All units were returned in April 1985 -- the SW10s to former UP lines and the MP15DCs to former MP lines.
Many of the former MP MP15DCs were equipped to operate as control units with MP's 23-unit fleet of yard slugs. This fleet of yard slugs was converted by MP from retired SW7s, SW8s, and SW9s, in a program beginning in December 1978 and ending in January 1982. These MP15DC and yard slug combinations operated at all of MP's large yard facilities, including Kansas City, St. Louis, North Little Rock, Houston, and Fort Worth, along with some leased to Alton and Southern for service at that road's Gateway Yard in East St. Louis.
Some former MP MP15DCs have carried three different paint schemes. Fifteen units (MP 1532, 1535, 1540, 1542, 1552, 1553, 1357, 1362, 1370-1373, 1377, 1379, and 1382), while still MP units, were repainted between July 1984 and October 1985 to the post-merger Missouri Pacific yellow and gray paint scheme, with Missouri Pacific lettering, using the unique squareish North Little Rock style lettering. Beginning in January 1986 (UP 1363, ex-MP 1363 was the first on January 24th), Union Pacific started the general repaint program, changing MP units to UP yellow and gray units. The last ex-MP MP15DC, MP 1377, became UP 1377 on December 17, 1992.
Switching locomotive assignments for the system hump yards were changed in October 1990. The major part of the change brought the re-assignment of 41 GP38-2s from freight service to switch service, most in either hump service or trim service at the system hump yards, and the remainder in regular flat switching service. Included in this general re-assignment was the assignment of UP 1356, with yard slug S9, and UP 1357, with slug S10, to the hump yard at East Los Angeles. The hump yard in Pocatello, Idaho was the new assignment for UP 1364-1367. These four units at Pocatello were used in two two-unit sets, with a single ex-MP yard slug spliced between them. UP 1364 and 1365 work with yard slug S14, while UP 1366 and 1367 work with slug S15. The remaining 56 ex-MP MP15DCs kept their assignments in regular switching service on the former MP lines of UP's Eastern and Southern operating districts.
The October 1990 switcher assignments show 1330-1334 assigned to flat switching duties in North Little Rock, Arkansas. Twenty-six MP15DCs (UP 1335-1354, 1374-1379) were assigned to the flat yard at Houston, Texas. UP 1358-1363 were working on the hump at Neff yard in Kansas City, and 1368-1373 were working on the hump in North Little Rock. The six units in the 1380-1385 group were assigned, together with six ex-MP and ex-MKT SW1500s, to hump yard trim switching service at Centennial Yard in Fort Worth. The final group of seven ex-MP MP15DCs, UP 1386-1392 (along with ex-MKT MP15ACs 1393-1396), were assigned to flat switching at the former C&EI Yard Center yard in suburban Chicago.
In mid 1996 the former Missouri Pacific MP15DCs were still assigned primarily to ex-MoPac lines, unchanged from assignments recorded for September 1994, although there may have been some relocation of single units. Of the 62 former MP units on the MP15DC roster, 20 were at the former MP hub terminal known as the Little Rock Terminal. Two major mainline routes cross here making this is one of UP's major terminals. This division takes in the huge North Little Rock hump yard, along with the smaller Biddle Yard, south of Little Rock. Seventeen more were assigned to Houston. Six units were assigned to Kansas City, Missouri, five were assigned to Yard Center in Chicago, and four were working with slugs at Pocatello, Idaho. Five units were assigned to other points in Texas, including Fort Worth and Arlington. The remaining four MP15DCs were assigned to the new yard at Livonia, Louisiana.
Second-hand Ex P&LE MP15DCs
The motive power practices of the post-1982 merger Union Pacific began changing with the increased influence of the former Missouri Pacific in Union Pacific's motive power practices. In late fall 1984, Union Pacific ended the SW10 rebuild program and began looking at secondhand switchers on the used locomotive market as the means to increase its switcher fleet and to modernize it at the same time. In December 1984, as the last SW10s were emerging from the Omaha Shops, UP purchased fifteen MP15DCs from the Pittsburgh & Lake Erie Railroad, which no longer needed the units due to its declining traffic base.
The first 10 MP15DCs delivered, ex P&LE 1574-1583, arrived at Omaha, Nebraska in mid-February 1985. After an operational check by the Omaha shop forces, the all-black units were stenciled as UP 1275-1284, in sequence with the final SW10, and placed in service in Omaha and Council Bluffs. In May 1985, UP began renumbering the units to the 1000 series, as UP 1000-1009, and repainting them in the classic yellow and gray colors. The last five units, P&LE 1584, 1587, 1588, 1596 and 1598, were delivered in late April 1985 to complete the purchase. The timing of the arrival of the last five units coincided with the renumbering of the earlier units to the 1000 series, and some of this later group may have received white UP 1000-series numbers on their former P&LE all-black car bodies, but most were repainted directly to yellow and gray before entering service.
The ex P&LE MP15DCs were renumbered to road numbers 1300-1314 beginning in May 1987. After being renumbered, the units were reassigned to Portland, Oregon, where they replaced SW10s. The assignment of the MP15DCs to Portland's Albina Yard allowed UP to reassign the SW10s to other locations, where they could be more easily maintained. The last ex-P&LE MP15DC received its 1300-series number in December 1987. Portland has since remained as the assigned home for these 15 units, with the Salt Lake City (Utah) shops being available when heavy maintenance is required.
Former C&NW MP15DCs
UP received 14 more MP15DCs with its merger with C&NW in April 1995. C&NW numbers 1302-1316 have been assigned UP number 1315-1328, but as of August 1996 none have been renumbered. UP received 14 of C&NW's original 15 units, as C&NW 1313 had already been retired by C&NW prior to the merger. All 14 units remain on ex-C&NW territory, with seven units working the automobile assembly plant in Janesville, Wis. Two units each work at Madison, Wis., and East Marshall, Iowa. Single ex- C&NW MP15s were at Harvard, Illinois, and Cedar Rapids, Iowa. The location of ex-C&NW 1311 was not shown in assignment records for the same period.
UP 1329 was the first MP15AC built and entered service as EMD plant switcher 115, painted in EMD's blue and white demonstrator paint scheme. EMD sold the unit to the Georgetown Railroad as their 1013. Georgetown 1013 suffered a crushed cab in an accident while in service on the Georgetown and was retired and sold to Helm Financial Corporation. The wreck damage was repaired by National Railway Equipment at Dixmoor, Illinois, and the unit entered lease service as National Helm Leasing (NHL) 1013. NHL 1013 was leased to UP in April 1988 on a 5-year lease, with its reporting mark changed from NHL to UPL, meaning Union Pacific Leased. UPL 1013 was painted UP yellow and gray and became UP 1329 in late August 1989. UP 1329 spent most of its time on UP working at the former MP yard in North Little Rock, and was returned to its owner, Helm Financial, upon expiration of its extended operating lease in late March 1994.
Former Missouri-Kansas-Texas MP15ACs
UP 1393-1396 were ex-MKT 56-59. Prior to the addition of 32 ex-Soo Line MP15ACs in late 1992, ex-MKT MP15ACs 1393-1396 were four of only five examples of that model on UP; the fifth unit being the Helm leased unit mentioned above. UP 1393-1396 were delivered to Missouri-Kansas-Texas in October 1980 as MKT road numbers 56-59. Following the 1988 UP/MKT merger, MKT 58 and 59 became UP 1395 and 1396 in December 1989. MKT 56 and 57 became UP 1393 and 1394 in March 1991. The October 1990 plan for general re-assignment of UP's switcher fleet showed all four ex-MKT MP15ACs being moved from their former MKT home in Texas to Yard Center in Chicago. Assignment records for both September 1994 and August 1996 show these four units still at Yard Center.
Former Milw/Soo Line MP15ACs
The most recent additions to the Union Pacific switcher fleet were the 32 MP15ACs with road numbers 1397-1428, acquired during late December 1992 from American Financial Group. These 32 units were originally Milwaukee Road units, road numbers 434-465, which became Soo Line 1500-1531 at the time of the February 1985 merger of the two roads (Soo 1515 was one of the few units in the group to receive full Soo white and red paint). Their lease to Soo Line expired in April 1991, at which time the Soo returned them to their owner. The units sat in storage at Soo Line's Shoreham Yard in Minneapolis for almost two years, until late 1992 when their owner, American Financial Group (AFG), was able to interest UP in acquiring all 32 units. Prior to UP's acquisition, in the hopes of finding a new home for them, Soo 1514 was repainted green with yellow stripes by Conrail's Juniata Shops, identified as AFG 1, and displayed during the September 1992 Railway Supply Association show in Chicago.
Union Pacific was able to make a reasonable financial arrangement for these units, knowing that to bring the units up to UP's operating standards would equal the cost for each locomotive's acquisition. UP 1397-1406 were purchased outright, and UP 1407-1428 were on a long term lease, with option to purchase. All 32 have made a trip through the gigantic Downing B. Jenks shops complex in North Little Rock, Arkansas, with the first leaving the shop as UP 1397 on January 14, 1993. The last unit completed was UP 1428 on December 29, 1993.
Location assignments for these newer MP15ACs as late as September 1994 and mid-1996 show three units at Yard Center in Chicago. Twenty-nine units were assigned to Kansas City area yards, including Kansas City (Missouri), Eighteenth Street Yard, and Fairfax Yard. One unit is assigned to Tulsa, Oklahoma, and the remaining unit is working at Salina, Kansas.
The 1982 merger brought with it the four MP and three WP SW1500s, along with the 62 MP MP15DCs, including 17 (MP 1376-1392) just delivered in November 1982, bringing the immediate post-merger UP dedicated switcher fleet up to 153 units (62 MP15DCs, 45-five SW10s, 20 NW2s, 14 SW7s, seven SW1500s, four SW9s, and a single TR5A). This number did not include the 50 SD40-2 road units re-assigned to switch service.
By the time of the 1988 UP/MKT merger, all NW2s were gone, as were all of the remaining SW7s, SW9s and TR5As. The merger with MKT added six SW1500s and four MP15ACs, bringing the fleet 149 units, including the 62 MP15DCs, 74 SW10s, and 13 SW1500s. This low number explains the need to lease the Helm MP15AC in late 1988, along with the use of GP15-1s and other road units in regular switching service, including the 50 ex CR GP38-2s leased from EMD.
In 1990, the SD40-2s were sent back to road service, with 41 GP38-2s taking their place in the requirement for higher horsepower switchers. Many of the GP38-2s were mated with ex-MP yard slugs in both hump service and hump yard trim service.
The December 1992 acquisition of the 32 ex-Soo Line MP15ACs brought the switcher fleet up to 191 units (68 SW10s, nine SW1500s, 77 MP15DCs, and 37 MP15ACs). Seven SW10s had been retired, and the leases on two ex-MP SW1500s and two ex-MKT SW1500s had expired and the units were returned to their owners.
As this is written, in late December 1994, the fleet stands at 187 units, with two additional SW10s having been retired since the new MP15ACs came onto the roster, and the remaining two lease-expired ex-MP SW1500s having been returned to their owners. The MP15ACs have proven to be very satisfactory in service, and one source has said that if more MP15ACs become available at reasonable prices, the railroad "will snap them up", and begin to retire the older SW10s. As mentioned at the first of this article, UP is one of the few Class I roads that maintains a switcher fleet. Because of the road's diverse traffic pattern, and the geographical area that it covers, there would likely be a continuing need for a fleet of regular switchers in Union Pacific's Diesel Era. | <urn:uuid:89e50a1d-9580-4f8c-a1b3-23504bd05ad9> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://utahrails.net/articles/up-sw-late.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00471-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.982175 | 5,046 | 1.789063 | 2 |
[Dan Becker and James Gerstenzang] Fouling the Clean Air Act in the United States
Largely hidden in its attack on the federal budget, the House of Representatives has approved a key Republican campaign promise to big business: Protecting it from what the new majority argues are the handcuffs of environmental safeguards. The Republicans would cuff the Environmental Protection Agency instead.
If they prevail in the Senate and overcome a White House veto, they would hobble the Clean Air Act, probably the most successful U.S. law protecting health and the environment, and threaten the authority of California and several other states to use it to fight global warming and other pollution.
The Clean Air Act has meant fewer hospitalizations and missed work days, saving a projected $2 trillion in 2020 alone by reducing asthma, chronic bronchitis and premature deaths from lung disease. Now, given the go-ahead by the Supreme Court, EPA is using it to cut back on carbon-dioxide pollution, the prime culprit behind our changing climate.
Think of the law as the legal weapon ― passed by an overwhelming bipartisan congressional majority, signed by President Richard M. Nixon, approved by the highest court ― that has allowed every president beginning with Nixon to fight some of the nation’s most difficult health and environmental challenges. Using the law to reduce carbon dioxide will bring us solutions that people like: hybrid and other high-tech gas-sipping cars that cut our gasoline bills more than the improved technology costs.
But some of the nation’s biggest polluters have teamed up with the Republicans to try to stop progress ― just as more evidence documents global warming: The 10 warmest years on record have all been since 1998; last year was tied with 2005 as the hottest.
Together, they would turn the House into a special-interest court of appeals to circumvent the 2007 Supreme Court ruling that orders EPA to fight global warming. They would limit the clean air law’s provisions protecting us from power plant pollution and block several states from adopting tougher pollution controls than the federal government.
California has been a leader in setting air pollution and emissions standards under Clean Air Act provisions. Its efforts to set strong standards have been joined by 13 other states, among them New York, Connecticut, Pennsylvania and Washington.
Now, automakers are demanding that politicians ― not scientists ― write the clean car standards intended to reduce carbon-dioxide pollution.
The automakers supported a 5 percent annual reduction in emissions that will get us to 35.5 mpg in 2016 ― the biggest step we’ve taken against global warming. They say they cannot cut emissions 6 percent the next year. These are the same people who said they could not equip cars with seat belts, air bags or catalytic converters.
But, using continuously variable transmissions, low-friction lubricants, improved engines, aerodynamic designs, high-strength light-weight steel and producing the first electric vehicles, they can deliver a fleet that will achieve 62 mpg, cut our emissions by 6 percent per year and help us cut our oil consumption in half by 2030, saving us money at the pump.
Sure, they don’t want to. But they can. If you don’t believe us, listen to Toyota.
Whatever goal the administration sets, “Toyota will be prepared to meet,” the automaker’s vice president for product communications, Jim Colon, said. “If it’s 62 miles a gallon, we’ll be able to achieve that.”
Even General Motors, famously late to the innovation starting line, says it will join the race ― if ordered. Mark Reuss, the company’s top North American executive, said that while he was concerned about meeting a 62 mpg standard, “I think the industry can do anything it wants when it puts its mind to it. ... We’re going to make a plan that’s profitable with cars and trucks that people want.”
That would be a welcome epiphany for a company that stayed afloat with the help of a $50 billion bailout from America’s taxpayers.
With the planet growing warmer, gas prices climbing and new turmoil in the Middle East threatening our energy security, we can’t afford to allow polluters to team up with the new House leadership to deny us progress.
As Mark Twain said, “Denial ain’t just a river in Egypt.”
By Dan Becker and James Gerstenzang
Dan Becker is director of the Safe Climate Campaign, which advocates strong action to fight global warming. James Gerstenzang is the campaign’s editorial director. ― Ed.
(McClatchy-Tribune Information Services) | <urn:uuid:e1b2e5ab-3459-416b-a870-7596abbca737> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://m.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20110227000279&np=1181&mp=119 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.936021 | 972 | 2.78125 | 3 |
While purple passion is self-fruitful, pollination must occur under humid conditions. The yellow passion fruit is self-sterile. Carpenter bees are the most successful at pollinating passion fruit vines, more so than honeybees.
Prune passion flowers after flowering just to keep them neat, cutting back to a healthy bud. There's no need to cut them back hard. If plants have got out of hand and need retraining, cut them back in spring. Passion flowers grown in a container Read more
Watering: Passion flowers are tough enough to handle drought conditions, but grow best when planted in a well-draining location and watered frequently. The soil should be moist, not wet. Water helps all plants transport raw materials to leaves, where they're turned into food for the Read more
What type of fertiliser should I use? A fertiliser high in nitrogen promotes plenty of passionfruit leaf growth at the expense of fruit and flowers. Therefore, you are better to fertilise with chicken manure, well-rotted cow manure, citrus foods or compost.
I water my passiflora deeply once a week when it is hot, less if it is cool or raining. They are pretty low maintenance, minus suckers. In the spring I dilute 1 tablespoon of epsom salt to 1 gallon of water and fertilize ONCE. Don't Read more
Potting and Repotting Passionflower Repot young plants every spring into a larger pot. Older plants can be stretched out every few years between repotting. To control their size, it's best to cut your passionflower down in the fall, leaving only a few vines 15 to Read more
Passion flower seeds are naturally dispersed by birds and small mammals, which consume the fruits and release the seeds with their droppings. When seeds contact the soil, rain helps move them into the soil, where they can eventually germinate if conditions are favorable.
Purple passionflower attracts butterflies. Young tendrils are eaten by wild turkey. Deer resistance is at a moderate level.
Try laying some mint or cinnamon-flavored gum around the base of the affected plant. Or just sprinkle some cinnamon around the base of the plant. Place ant killing food around the base of the plant – There are several recipes that can be used for Read more
Passiflora is a tropical plant native to hot and humid climates that will continue to bear fruit year-round if you live in a climate that is always warm.
This popular houseplant or garden vine is also easy to propagate. Passion flower propagation can be achieved through seeds or stem cuttings in spring, or by layering in late summer.
The passion vines have special glands that produce nectar at the base of the leaves which attract ants.
Fruit on lemon tree is also showing white spots. Suspect pest but also some sort of nutrient deficiency. Passionfruit can be attacked by certain pest such as mites and the passionvine hopper. The leaves can also become infected with a fungus called Septoria spot.
The exotic flower leads to the exotic fruit known as the passion fruit. The fruit's sweet scent and taste will attract everything from caterpillars and butterflies to bees and ants. It also attracts aphids and other plant-eaters, and so it's important to keep your plant Read more
Toxicity. Passion vines are toxic to pets. They contain substances that create cyanide when broken down by the body. According to the Governor Animal Clinic in San Diego, California, pet owners should consider all parts of the passion vine plant toxic except for mature fruits.
The part of the plant that is above ground will still die back, but the root structure will survive. In warmer climates, the root structure will most likely survive regardless, but a sheltered area out of the wind will ensure that more of the upper Read more
Passion flowers have a look and reputation for being exotic and hard to grow. However, this perennial vine is widely adapted in USDA zone 6 to 10 gardens, flowering from mid-summer until frost.
You can reduce watering during winter when plants slow their growth and become semi-dormant. Passionflowers also appreciate high humidity and benefit from occasional misting with a sprayer, especially when grown indoors as houseplants.
Passionflowers are low maintenance during their growing season and do not need to be deadheaded. These plants flower on new growth, so make sure to prune them before growth begins each spring in order to preserve the season's blooms.
Hardy Passion flowers will survive most of our winters, but in colder areas the plant will need protection such as a mulch to the roots, or even a hessian cover during the coldest months.
Caterpillars, beetles and other foliage-chewing insects love the broad, juicy leaves of the passion vine. Sap-sucking insects, such as spider mites and scale, often line the stems of the plant. In most cases, this slows the growth of the plant but does not destroy it.
Dig a hole as big as the root ball and incorporate some compost or aged manure. Push in a trellis, stakes or other support. Plant the vine as deep as it was growing previously, filling in around the roots carefully and tamping the soil. Use Read more
Anchoring it in place with a small stone may be necessary. Water well and, within a month or so, it should begin rooting.
As winter approaches, you will want to cut back on fertilizer you may be giving to the plant. This will discourage any new growth as the warm weather comes to an end. You will also want to heavily mulch the area around the Passiflora vine. Read more
Passion flowers may look exotic, but in fact they are easy to grow, and Passiflora caerulea, commonly known as the Blue Passion Flower is hardy with an abundance of showy flowers in the summer. The most universally hardy, easy to grow and widely sold is Read more
What to do for it? Your passionfruit vine may be infested with Aphid. These sucking insects commonly cause passion fruit leaf curl. Treat the plant by spraying with Kiwicare Organic Insect control available at your local Palmers if you find this to be the case.
Side effects have been rarely reported for passion flower but may include nausea, vomiting, drowsiness, rapid heartbeat, and mental slowing. When taking passion flower, make sure you don't drive or operate heavy machinery until you know how it affects you. In general, passion flower is Read more
How to care for passion flowers. Prune passion flowers after flowering just to keep them neat, cutting back to a healthy bud. There's no need to cut them back hard. If plants have got out of hand and need retraining, cut them back in spring.
Passion flowers are considered heavy feeders. The first application should be in very early spring. Plants cultivated for fruit are fertilized 4 times per year, but those in average culture should be fertilized every 4 to 6 weeks until fall.
Passion flowers can be planted in spring or early Autumn when the soil is still warm, and the autumn rains will water the plant until it is well-established. If planted in spring or summer, it will be necessary to ensure the plant has plenty of Read more
The soil you plant your vines in should be well-draining, but rich and moist. Soil pH isn't terribly important and can be in the neutral to acidic range, anywhere from about 6.1 to 7.5.
The passion flower was discovered by the Spanish doctor, Monardes in Peru in 1569. Forty years later, it was introduced to Europe as an ornamental plant, for, long before the passion flower was included in the Europe's treasury of medicinal plants, botanists were fascinated by Read more
Take passion flower cuttings in early spring. Remove new growth from below a node – about 6cm in length is long enough. Remove the bottom leaves and tendrils and place the cutting in a pot of cutting compost. Cuttings will root successfully when placed in Read more
It is possible to grow passion flowers in containers, however you'll need to feed and water them more often, and they won't grow quite as vigorously as those growing in the ground. Choose a gritty, free-draining, peat-free compost.
But the most common cause of lack of flowers in passiflora is too much nitrogen and too little potassium. Nitrogen will promote vigorous green growth at the expense of flowers. A weekly watering with liquid seaweed in May, June and July should do the trick. Read more
Honey bees are passionate about passion flowers (Passiflora). The intricate tropical flower is their private merry-go-round, their favorite hide 'n seek place, their gathering spot. If you've been around passion flower vines, you know they attract honey bees, carpenter bees and Gulf Fritillary butterflies.
These vines have shallow roots and a thick layer of organic mulch can really help the plant flourish. Although passionflowers prefer to be in sandy, well draining, fertile soil, they will grow in heavier soils that contain clay.
It appears to boost the level of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in your brain. This compound lowers brain activity, which may help you relax and sleep better. In a trial published in Phytotherapy Research , participants drank a daily dose of herbal tea with purple passionflower.
Passionflowers may look like they are from the tropics, but they can actually be grown almost anywhere, including much colder areas. In fact, you may even find these seemingly delicate vines growing along the side of the road—some passionflower species can spread vigorously in warmer Read more
One of the biggest problems with passion flower is the fungus that causes fusarium wilt. Fusarium wilt is a soil borne disease that can be deadly. The first signs are yellowing leaves followed by dying and dropping leaves. Viruses, like cucumber mosaic, can affect passion Read more | <urn:uuid:9fe5694f-d2f3-4011-9560-48ab38f62fd6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://positivenet.net/passion-flower/do-passion-flower-need-to-be-pollinated | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.952051 | 2,081 | 2.65625 | 3 |
GRANTEE: David Sung-wen Yu, MD, PhD
Institution: Emory University
Research Project: Exploiting the Replication Stress Response in Pancreatic Cancer
Award: Pancreatic Cancer Action Network – AACR Career Development Award
Award Period: July 1, 2012 – June 30, 2014
Click here to download Dr. Yu’s Grant Snapshot (pdf)
Dr. Yu is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Radiation Oncology at Emory University School of Medicine. He received his MD from the University of Texas at Southwestern Medical School and PhD from the University of Cambridge, and then completed residency training in Radiation Oncology at Vanderbilt University Medical Center. He graduated with honors from Stanford University with a BS in Biology. Dr. Yu is actively engaged in both clinical and basic science research. He is interested in understanding how cells respond to replication stress and how we can utilize this knowledge for improvements in cancer diagnosis and treatment. The ultimate goal of his work is to translate insights gained from his interactions with his patients and the laboratory to innovative therapies to improve the quality of care for patients with cancer.
Dr. Yu is a Georgia Cancer Coalition Distinguished Cancer Scholar. He has been awarded funding as Principal Investigator of grants from the National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Cancer Institute (NCI) and Department of Defense (DOD), and has authored a number of publications in high impact journals, including Nature, Cell, Molecular Cell, and EMBO.
The standard of care chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer, gemcitabine, acts by inducing damage to cancer cells’ DNA. However, all cells have complex mechanisms to recognize and repair DNA damage. The protein ATR (ATM and Rad3 related) checkpoint kinase behaves by identifying improperly repaired DNA. ATR finds single-strand breaks of DNA (the molecule is supposed to exist as a double strand), and activates a cascade of proteins to fix the damage.
Dr. Yu proposes to find proteins involved in the ATR signaling pathway, and determine whether they could be viable drug targets to sensitize pancreatic cancer cells to gemcitabine and other DNA damage-inducing treatments. Expression and activity of proteins can be positively and negatively regulated by drug intervention, so Dr. Yu and his colleagues will perform screens to identify which genes and proteins’ alterations cause pancreatic cancer cells to respond better to gemcitabine. He will also study whether the presence and expression level of ATR and its related proteins may predict which patients will respond best to certain treatment strategies. | <urn:uuid:207e7327-572a-4a00-872a-0a53c14de123> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pancan.org/research/grants-program/grants-awarded/by-year/2012-2-2/pancreatic-cancer-action-network-grant-recipient-david-sung-wen-yu-md-phd/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00477.warc.gz | en | 0.94272 | 538 | 1.6875 | 2 |
579 pages, 7 plates with colour photos, 1 plate with 1 colour map; 1275 b/w photos and b/w line drawings
A Manual for the Identification of the Dragonflies and Damselflies of New Guinea, Maluku, and the Solomon Islands is the first comprehensive guide to all 620 species of dragonflies of New Guinea and the neighbouring islands, which is home to ten percent of the world’s dragonfly fauna. Nearly half of the species are found nowhere else on Earth. The book includes 1275 illustrations and eight pages of color plates showing representative species and habitats, introductory sections on structure, habitat, history, collection and photography, as well as appendices discussing taxonomic questions and a full bibliography. Also included are illustrated keys to all taxa, and illustrations of larval forms where known.
Over the past ten years there has been a growing interest in the dragonflies of this remarkable part of the world. A Manual for the Identification of the Dragonflies and Damselflies of New Guinea, Maluku, and the Solomon Islands brings together all of the published research on this fauna from its origins in the 1800s to the present.
There are currently no reviews for this product. Be the first to review this product! | <urn:uuid:f105f4da-1814-4e7c-bcf6-cafc2c708f49> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.nhbs.com/title/190868?title=a-manual-for-the-identification-of-the-dragonflies-and-damselflies-of-new-guinea-maluku-and-the-solomon-islands | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280929.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00422-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.917841 | 255 | 2.546875 | 3 |
Source: (2000) Moscow, Idaho: Friends Committee on Restorative Justice.
Brown explores connections between the Society of Friends and reforms of the criminal justice system. His aim is to encourage Friends to understand their historical roots and to engage in restorative justice activities and reforms. Toward this end, he highlights Quaker history with respect to criminal justice reforms, summarizes sources and principles of restorative justice, and urges Friends to collaborate with others to address the crisis in the criminal justice system.
Your donation helps Prison Fellowship International repair the harm caused by crime by emphasizing accountability, forgiveness, and making amends for prisoners and those affected by their actions. When victims, offenders, and community members meet to decide how to do that, the results are transformational.Donate Now | <urn:uuid:9ac0f3f0-1c90-45cc-b1f2-699a15c97f78> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://restorativejustice.org/rj-archive/friends-and-restorative-justice-dialogue-paper/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00467.warc.gz | en | 0.927287 | 155 | 2.046875 | 2 |
Derailment Factors That Lead to Leadership Failure
Effective leadership involves establishing a clear vision, setting goals and motivating employees to achieve them. Though it is human nature to make some mistakes in the course of leadership, understanding common factors that derail quality leaders can help you protect against failures that significantly harm your business.
Few things derail a leader faster than bad ethical choices. To effectively lead, you need the trust of those that follow you. When leaders lie, cheat and steal for personal benefit, it is hard for them to inspire others to follow them toward organizational objectives. Similarly, when leaders make business decisions that compromise the ethics of the company, employees, customers and other stakeholders can lose faith in the overall direction of the company.
Being an effective leader doesn't necessarily mean you make all decisions independently, or complete all important tasks yourself. In fact, top leaders usually delegate tasks to employees best equipped to perform them, and follow-up on progress. If you fail to delegate, you may see low morale among the workforce based on lack of input. Micromanaging workers as they complete their assignments also can quash morale and create a sense of distrust.
Poor Coaching Abilities
Employee development is an important factor in long-term business success. This means that you hire, mentor, coach and train workers to reach their optimum performance potential. When you fail in any of these facets, you typically experience leadership failure. In competitive industries, failure to develop your workforce can cause you to lag behind competitors that continually upgrade their internal skills and knowledge base. Employees also regularly desire to grow in an organization, and a lack of coaching and development can further strain your management-employee relationships.
Adaptability means that you can effectively respond to changing circumstances and environmental factors. A leader needs this skill to manage business decisions, as well as varying personality types. Inability to adapt ultimately can cause a manager to experience burnout. Making swift, spontaneous decisions in reaction to evolving trends isn't the same as adapting proactively with strategies and logical decision-making. A manager who simply goes back-and-forth on a daily basis can frustrate employees and create worker fatigue.
Neil Kokemuller has been an active business, finance and education writer and content media website developer since 2007. He has been a college marketing professor since 2004. Kokemuller has additional professional experience in marketing, retail and small business. He holds a Master of Business Administration from Iowa State University. | <urn:uuid:ca2d369e-db91-4562-be3e-e6e363ea5124> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://smallbusiness.chron.com/derailment-factors-lead-leadership-failure-81251.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00476.warc.gz | en | 0.95422 | 525 | 2 | 2 |
|Forum topic by pjones46||posted 04-11-2011 08:05 AM||16327 views||2 times favorited||6 replies|
04-11-2011 08:05 AM
How do you heat your shop? Has anyone ever built one of the sawdust stoves? Watch the video.
I don’t know about you but I create at times 55 gal bags of sawdust and in the past thrown it out on a compost pile. But now with the energy prices have been considering making one of the sawdust stoves.
Right now in my shop I have a wood stove which takes care of all the cutoff’s for kindling and I use cord wood, but I use the sawdust to help start the stove. I also use a small shop vac to clean up dust and throw the full paper bag liner in the stove after the fire burns down to coals to save on cord wood.
There was a study done by the FOREST SERVICE, U.S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE in 1974 which describes the stove and how to make one. They were also used during the depression, not that I am that old, in the CC camps.
My question is, has anyone ever built a sawdust stove, or have better suggested heat source alternative for a limited budget?
-- Respectfully, Paul | <urn:uuid:84ad5475-7f3e-403a-afb4-3a6701a87387> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://lumberjocks.com/topics/26192 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721555.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00179-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.948518 | 283 | 1.5 | 2 |
August 16, 2013
Big Story Weather – August 16, 2013
Daily weather forecast and wrap-up provided by redOrbit meteorologist Joshua Kelly.
redOrbit Meteorologist Joshua Kelly
Big Story Weather from August 15: Severe weather and flooding were the big stories of the day. No tornadoes were reported but there were hail reports around 2.0 inches in New Mexico and wind gusts around 60-70mph created damage paths in Texas, Oklahoma and Kansas.
Big Story Weather Discussion for August 16:
Surface Map: High pressure over Southeast Canada will bring favorable weather to a good portion of the Northeast, however a few showers will be possible around the Cape Cod area. A stationary boundary just over the Northern Gulf will be the focus for more showers and thunderstorms today. A storm system moving through the Central Plains will also be the focus of showers and thunderstorms. A few afternoon thunderstorms will be possible over Arizona and New Mexico. High pressure will keep the Rockies and the West Coast dry.
Severe Weather: There will be three areas of concern today. The first is over the Southwest from Arizona to New Mexico. This area will see heavy rain along with large hail. The second location over the Central Plains and will be the focus of heavy rainfall, damaging winds and large hail. The third will be along the Gulf Coast where the region will see heavy rainfall along with some damaging winds.
Tropical Weather: Invest 92L begins to slowly push over the Gulf of Mexico today. Winds are around 25kts with pressure near 1010mb. This storm is going to push into the Central Gulf and possibly have implications along the entire Gulf Coast from heavy rainfall to strong winds and storm surge near its center. There will also be higher tides along the Northern Gulf Coast as the southeast winds will start to push the water onshore in many locations. Tropical Storm Erin continues to turn over the open Atlantic with winds around 35kts and pressure of 1007mb. This storm will gain some strength over the weekend before hitting shear and weakening early next week.
Select City Forecast:
Boston MA: Mostly cloudy with showers. High temps will be around 65F and lows near 60F. Total rainfall around 0.25 inches.
Mobile AL: Partly cloudy with afternoon thunderstorms. High temps near 90F and lows around 77F. Total rainfall around 0.25 inches.
Sioux Falls SD: Partly cloudy with a few thunderstorms. High temps around 75F and lows near 54F. Total rainfall around 0.15 inches.
Billings MT: Partly cloudy and mild with a high near 84F and lows around 68F.
San Diego CA: Partly cloudy skies today with a high near 80F and lows around 64F.
August 16, 2013 Storm Tracker Update:
Eastern Pacific Ocean: Two tropical waves located to the south-southwest of Hawaii are being watched for possible tropical development. A wave pushing away from Mexico is being watched for possible tropical development. Low pressure moving through Alaska will bring showers to the region. Low pressure moving through Central Canada will bring showers to the region. Low pressure over the Central Plains will bring another day of severe weather.
Atlantic Ocean: Tropical Storm Erin continues to push across the open Atlantic with winds around 35kts and pressure around 1007mb. Invest 92L is still being watched for possible tropical development with winds around 25kts and pressure of 1010mb. This storm will move into the Gulf of Mexico today and will have a chance to gain strength along with bringing heavy rainfall to a large portion of the Gulf Coast. Two other strong waves are currently over Africa but will need to be watched once they push into the Atlantic early next week. Low pressure moving towards Western Europe will bring a few showers to the Scandinavia region.
Western Pacific: Multiple tropical waves exist in the basin. The remains of Utor are pushing through China. A new wave to the northeast of Taiwan is being watched for possible tropical development along with a wave towards the southeast of Japan. Low pressure moving over Northeast Russia will bring showers to the region.
Indian Ocean: The southwest monsoonal will be active over portions of the western section of India and Sri Lanka. Another stronger wave is pushing westward towards Eastern Africa.
Southern Hemisphere: Multiple low pressure systems moving through the basin today with impacts being felt over Southern Chile and Argentina with rain and snow showers. Another low pressure system is impacting South Africa with showers and breezy conditions. A third low pressure area is hitting Southern Australia with strong winds and rainfall. A fourth low pressure system is moving through New Zealand with showers.
Five-Day Storm Index Outlook for August 16-20:
Boston MA: There will be slight impacts over the next couple of days associated with rain showers. On August 19 a cold front will move through bringing slight to moderate impacts with thunderstorms.
Mobile AL: The region will have moderate impacts over the next five days with the chance of seeing moderate to extreme impacts on Aug 18-19 as a tropical feature moves closer allowing for heavy rainfall and possible strong winds.
Sioux Falls SD: The area will have slight to moderate impacts today and then again on August 20 associated with thunderstorms moving through the region.
Billings MT: There will be slight to moderate impacts towards the end of the period.
San Diego CA: The region will be impact free over the next five days.
Climate Watch for August 11-15:
Boston MA: The region started the period with temps around 1-4 degrees above normal and then finished the period with temps around 2-7 degrees below average.
Mobile AL: The past five days temps have been around 1-6 degrees below normal.
Sioux Falls SD: The past five days temps have been around 4-16 degrees below normal.
Billings MT: The period started with temps around 1-3 degrees above normal followed by a brief fall to around 1-3 degrees below normal and then finished the period around 3-5 degrees above normal.
San Diego CA: The past five days the area has seen temps around 3-4 degrees below normal.
Major Weather Impacts Discussion for August 16, 2013:
Day 1-3: A few showers over Cape Cod, otherwise the rest of the Northeast and Eastern Great Lakes will enjoy high pressure. Moderate amounts of rainfall will be possible from the Gulf Coast to the Southeast as the tropical moisture starts to increase over the area. Thunderstorms will develop over the Central and Southern Plains today with some severe weather expected. High pressure over the Rockies will keep the region dry along with the West Coast. Day two high pressure will keep the Northeast dry, however tropical moisture will be on the surge from the Gulf Coast to the Mid-Atlantic with many places along the Gulf Coast seeing over two inches of rainfall. The Plains, the Rockies and the West Coast will be dry. The period will finish with a tropical feature pushing on shore over the Northern Gulf Coast bringing more heavy rainfall along with flooding concerns. The West will be dry from the coast to the Plains.
Day 4-7: The period will begin with heavy rainfall from the Gulf Coast to the Southeast with multiple inches of rainfall possible over this region. The west from the coast to the Plains will be dry again. Day five the heavy rainfall will continue from the Gulf Coast to the Southeast. The period will end with a strong storm system moving through the Northern Plains bringing showers and strong thunderstorms.
Day 8-12: The period will begin with showers extending from the Plains to the Northeast. A second area will be from the Gulf Coast to the Southeast. The potential for heavy rainfall will exist for this region. The West will remain dry. Day ten a strong storm system will extend from Southeast Canada all the way to the Gulf Coast. Expect to see heavy rainfall along this front. Tropical moisture will be pushing through Florida. The period will end with a frontal boundary along the Gulf Coast and Southeast providing more rainfall to the region. A storm system will be moving into the Northern Plains bringing heavy rainfall to the region. A new low pressure area will be heading towards the Pacific Northwest.
Long Range Outlook: The period will begin with showers and thunderstorms along the Gulf Coast providing heavy rainfall to the region. A storm system moving through the Plains will bring another day of strong to severe storms along with heavy rainfall. The middle of the period will have low pressure moving through the Great Lakes along with a frontal boundary to the Gulf Coast. Rain and thunderstorms will be found along this boundary. The period will end with a wet pattern in place from Michigan to the Gulf Coast.
Today's Spotlight Forecast is for Gulfport MS:
Friday: Partly cloudy with a few afternoon thunderstorms. High temps around 90F. Winds from the southeast 7-12mph as overnight lows fall to near 76F. Total rainfall around 0.05 inches.
Saturday: Partly cloudy and breezy with periods of heavy rainfall. High temps around 88F. Winds from the southeast 10-15G25mph. Low temps near 76F. Total rainfall will be around 0.75 inches.
Sunday: Partly cloudy and breezy with periods of heavy rainfall. High temps around 86F. Winds from the southwest 10-15G25mph. Low temps near 77F. Total rainfall around 0.50 inches.
Monday: Partly cloudy with periods of heavy rainfall. High temps around 82F. Winds from the northeast 9-14mph as overnight lows fall to around 76F. Total rainfall near 0.50 inches.
Tuesday: Partly cloudy with isolated thunderstorms. High temps around 88F. Winds from the southeast 5-10mph as overnight lows fall to near 76F. Total rainfall around 0.20 inches.
Ask The Weatherman for August 16, 2013:
Question: Why is the northeast side of a tropical system the worst area to be in?
Answer: When we talk about tropical, we always refer to the right side at landfall. The reason is that the winds are from a direction that will always blow water on shore in the form of storm surge. Along with that there is strong turning in that portion which leads to higher tornado potential.
*** To have your question of the day answered or have your city spotlighted for the day make sure to visit redOrbit on Facebook. ***
Green Energy Weather Report for August 16, 2013:
Wave Energy: There will be slight to moderate amounts of energy along the Northeast. Decreasing to slight along the Mid-Atlantic and then back to the moderate levels for the Southeast. The Northern Gulf of Mexico will see moderate to extreme. The Southwest will have moderate amounts of energy along with the Northwest.
Solar Energy: There will be ample amounts of energy from the Mid-Atlantic into portions of the Southeast. There will also be ample amounts over the Northern Plains along with the Rockies and the West Coast. There will be lower amounts of energy over the Gulf Coast and the Southwest.
Wind Energy: The strongest wind energy will be over the Eastern Great Lakes behind the high pressure center, also over the southwest in between the frontal boundary and also the surge of monsoonal moisture.
Hydro-Energy: There will small amounts of energy near the Cape Cod region. There will also be small amounts over portions of the Southeast and Gulf Coast. There will be moderate amounts from the Southern to Central Plains along the frontal boundary. There will also be slight amounts of energy over the Southwest.
August 16 Weather and Your Wallet (Fargo ND):
High pressure over the area will bring a nice, cool day to the region.
Dining: Today will be a great day to enjoy lunch at the park. This evening you may want a jacket.
Transportation: There will be no weather-related delays on the roads or by air.
Shopping: Today will be a nice day to get out and enjoy some fall shopping.
Electricity: There will be a small demand for cooling today between 3-6pm this afternoon. The rest of the day will be fairly cool - opening the windows will save money today.
Yard Work: Today will be a nice day to get out and start preparing the yard for fall and winter.
Construction: There will be no weather delays to impact the region or the outdoor projects.
Outdoor Venues: A nice day to take the dog for a walk at the park or head to the beach and enjoy a nice cool day along the water front. | <urn:uuid:6af98cd6-7f25-4628-a221-bc668f455a43> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.redorbit.com/news/science/1112925138/big-story-weather-081613/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00018-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.934436 | 2,561 | 1.625 | 2 |
Here's a heads up to all you rum and diet drinkers out there (and to those of us who drank vodka and, um, Crystal Light in college, but #NoJudgment): A new study shows that mixing alcohol with diet drinks--those containing artificial sweeteners, that is--may increase intoxication faster than regular, aka sugar-sweetened, sips.
We all know that drinking on an empty stomach is a bad idea: Without food in our stomachs to slow down alcohol absorption into our blood, we get drunk faster. Well, scientists from Northern Kentucky University thought that the same thing may happen when we drink alcohol with diet beverages. Why? Because while the stomach tends to treat sugary drinks as food, it doesn’t have the same reaction to the artificial chemicals in most zero-calorie sodas. (It’s for similar reasons that diet soda somehow seems to disrupt our ability to feel full, potentially fueling weight gain!)
To test their theory, the researchers gave study participants either vodka with Squirt (a caffeine-free citrus soda), vodka with Diet Squirt, or an alcohol-free placebo beverage. Then they tested everyone’s breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) levels, along with their self-reported ratings of drunkenness, fatigue, impairment, and willingness to drive.
According to their self-assessments, the diet drinkers did not feel any more intoxicated than the regular drinkers–which is part of what makes the findings so alarming. According to BrAC levels, however, those who drank the diet beverages were above the legal driving limit of .08 on a breathalyzer, while those who drank regular drinks were not. The diet drinkers also performed more poorly on reaction-time tests.
“Individuals tend to be conscious about how many calories they are consuming, and they might think that mixing alcohol with diet drinks is a healthy choice,” warns Cecile Marczinski, professor of psychology and a co-author of the study, published yesterday in the journal Alcoholism. “While mixing alcohol with a diet beverage mixer may limit the amount of calories being consumed, higher BrACs are a much more significant health risk than a few extra calories.”
The study authors point out that women are more likely than men to order drinks mixed with diet soda, therefore putting us at increased risk of alcohol-related problems. They also say this research is important for improving serving practices at bars and nightclubs. (Maybe one day bartenders will be extra careful about selling round after round of low-cal liquor!)
All in all, this is just another reason to cut back on diet sodas–did I mention they’ve been linked to depression, as well?–especially at the bar. Instead, mix up one of our favorite-cocktails-made-healthier recipes: We’ve got mojitos, sangria, appletinis, margaritas and even pina coladas made with all-natural ingredients and no artificial anything.
- Your Best Beverage Choices at the Gym, Coffee Shop, and Bar
- Lightened-Up Bar Food
- Eat Out, Order In, Lose 2 Pounds a Week!
Image Credit: CN Digital Studio | <urn:uuid:a6146b35-28dd-4202-a942-93032af9e1dd> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.self.com/flash/2013/02/new-study-diet-cocktails-may-get-you-drunk-faster | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283689.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00352-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.942007 | 663 | 2.25 | 2 |
After 2002, Bennett College endured a few transition years, resulting in the abandonment of the National African-American Women’s Leadership Institute. However, in 2008, the 15th president of Bennett College, Dr. Julianne Malveaux, made leadership a central focus for the institution when she announced it as one of the College’s four foci. Dr. Malveaux also highlighted leadership at Bennett College during her inauguration in 2008 when a women’s leadership conference became a central feature of the historic event.
Additionally, in July 2009, under the leadership of Dr. Malveaux, members of Bennett College’s Presidential Cabinet engaged in discussions of the key components of leadership development that should be hallmarks of Bennett students. The outcomes of these discussions defined these components of student leadership development. Student leadership at Bennett College would (a) have an academic focus, (b) be led by women, (c) be developed in a familial, nurturing environment conducive to producing leaders, (d) have a spiritual foundation, (e) have a community commitment, (f) have role models and mentors for students, faculty and staff, and (g) employ best practices for leadership development. The core essence of the initiative would be “The Academic Institution for Multicultural Women Leaders”. The target audiences included students foremost, then faculty and staff, alumnae, community organizations, and academicians.
A Leadership Development Institute was envisioned with external support and the advice of an advisory board of local, national and international leaders. The Institute would provide a leadership development training program grounded in research, and providing workshops and experiential learning from women not only from Bennett College but from throughout North Carolina and the world. The vision also included the development of a Leadership co-curriculum. Consequently, in fall 2010, Dr. Malveaux and her team applied to Andrew W. Mellon Foundation for a $99,000 Leadership Planning Grant. The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation approved the grant proposal in December 2010.
Dr. Rosalind Fuse-Hall became the 17th president of Bennett College on July 1, 2012. She immediately expressed an interest in building on the Leadership initiative. President Fuse-Hall’s vision is for leadership to become an intentional and integrated aspect of the College, from communications and interactions with prospective students and alumnae to the hiring, training and ongoing professional development of all employees and, of course, in the professional and personal lives of students. During Dr. Fuse-Hall’s tenure, funding has been provided to support leadership training for faculty and staff and an Honors College has been established with a major focus on leadership. Specifically, over a half dozen leadership courses have been developed and approved for students in the Honors College. The courses are designed to hone their leadership skills.
Dr. Phyllis Worth Dawkins
Kimberly Drye, M.S. | <urn:uuid:fe40e7c7-4a76-41e0-8e7d-4a9d4efaacf7> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.bennett.edu/academics/leadership-development-institute-for-women/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280128.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00391-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946911 | 595 | 1.820313 | 2 |
Planning for the 2011 Continuums of Care Point-in-Time Count on Homelessness
Continuums of Care (CoCs) across the country undertake community-wide efforts to collect information on the number and characteristics of individuals and families experiencing homelessness. The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) requires CoCs to complete this point-in-time (PIT) count at least every two years during the last ten days of January.
Why is the PIT Count Important?
Collecting good data on the number, characteristics, and service needs of individuals, families, and unaccompanied children experiencing homelessness is a critical component of local homeless planning and program development. Accurate data helps communities to:
- Understand changes in trends among homeless populations;
- Adjust the types of programs and services available according to need and use resources as efficiently as possible;
- Justify requests for additional resources and/or programming modifications;
- Comply with reporting requirements from HUD, other funders, and local stakeholders;
- Raise public awareness about the issue of homelessness; and
- Measure community progress towards preventing and ending homelessness.
Nationally, the PIT count process will be used as the primary data source for federal agencies to understand homelessness trends and track progress against the goals and objectives contained in Opening Doors, the Federal Strategic Plan to End Homelessness. Additionally, the Congressionally-mandated Annual Homeless Assessment Report (AHAR) is prepared using PIT and Homeless Management Information System (HMIS) data.
It is critically important that homeless service providers, whether HUD-funded or not, participate in planning for and conducting the PIT count. In particular, CoCs should be sure to reach out to providers serving homeless veterans and unaccompanied children to ensure the accurate and appropriate collection of PIT data for these two subpopulations.
- The Point-in-Time Count Methodology Guide will be useful in determining a process for collecting high-quality data on the number and characteristics of sheltered and unsheltered homeless people in your community. HUD recommends that CoCs regularly review and refer to this guide to answer questions about PIT count preparation, implementation, and analysis. | <urn:uuid:8a4d05fa-5a50-4fa0-a833-c054f3eed3e2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://youth.gov/feature-article/planning-2011-continuums-care-point-time-count-homelessness | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280587.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00560-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.917798 | 439 | 2.4375 | 2 |
An emotionally-charged exchange of letters between strangers that began with the start of the school year last fall will end in a dramatic reading June 4 in San Rafael.
The correspondents are students and seriously ill people; their letters contain passages that are both bold and eloquent.
“When the doctor who cut a big chunk out of your brain…tells you…to start doing only what you really love to do because you probably have only six months to a year to live - well, let’s just say that it puts a whole new spin on being alive,” wrote one patient.
“…I can honestly say that, next to my Grandma, you are my most important role model,” wrote a high school student.
The words of this year’s Firefly Project - an exchange of letters between UCSF Medical Center patients and Marin County high school and middle school students - will be presented by the patients and students in a dramatic reading Wednesday evening, June 4 at 7:30 pm at the Osher Marin Jewish Community Center in San Rafael. The public is invited to attend this free performance.
Art for Recovery (AFR), a Bay Area non-profit organization that serves patients coping with life-threatening diseases, created the Firefly Project in 1992. Clinical Artist Cindy Perlis, director of AFR, said “Experiences that the students and patients share are very moving, sometimes funny and always deeply human.” The students and patients will be able to share in person when they meet for the first time at a healing service May 23 at Congregation Rodef Shalom in San Rafael.
Perlis and local playwright Denize Springer adapted the material. Participating students represent Marin County middle and high schools including Brandeis Hillel Day School, the Branson School, Marin Academy, Marin Catholic High School, Sir Francis Drake High School, Mount Tamalpais High School and Terra Linda High School.
The Firefly Project is supported by the Mount Zion Health Fund, UCSF Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Lloyd Symington Foundation and the Institute of Noetic Sciences.
Founded in 1988, AFR is a non-profit organization based at the UCSF Medical Center at Mount Zion.
AFR’s mission is to provide art, writing and poetry groups and workshops, as well as offer musical experiences to anyone coping with life-threatening illness. AFR also provides Breast Cancer Quilt workshops to women and their families throughout the Bay Area in collaboration with public agencies such as the San Francisco Department of Public Health.
For more information regarding the Firefly Project or other Art for Recovery projects call 415-885-7221.
NOTE TO MEDIA: To arrange interviews with Firefly Project participants, Project Director Perlis or others associated with this project call Eve Harris, UCSF 415-885-7277. | <urn:uuid:94a71f64-ca1d-4d45-8d01-4f0b86e9fde6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.ucsf.edu/news/2003/05/4782/dramatic-reading-6-4-extraordinary-pen-pals-firefly-project | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280310.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00192-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.940543 | 582 | 1.851563 | 2 |
The Congressional Progressive Caucus introduced a budget that is focused on helping Americans, called The People’s Budget. CPC Co-Chair Rep. Keith Ellison sent this email to PCCC members:
Hi. This is KeithAi??Ellison, Co-Chair of the Congressional Progressive Caucus.
Yesterday, House Republicans offered their same old budget that privatizes Medicare and hurts seniors, students, and working families.
Today, I’m proud to stand with my colleagues, unions, the PCCC, economists, and others in announcing The People’s Budget — the progressive budget alternative.
The People’s Budget endorses many of the “big ideas” that progressives like you and voters of all political stripes support: Investing in millions of good-paying jobs, making college debt-free, expanding Social Security benefits, reforming our broken campaign finance system, and investing in clean energy. It closes tax loopholes for corporations that ship jobs overseas and makes Wall Street, millionaires, and billionaires pay their fair share.
Our budget will get a vote on the floor of the House of Representatives.
There are 70 of us in the Congressional Progressive Caucus. Your signature will help us convince our colleagues to vote for these big, bold, economic populist ideas. I talk to colleagues on the House floor all the time, and telling them about grassroots momentum really makes a difference.
Here is some of what’s in The People’s Budget:
- Investing over $1.9 trillion in America’s future.
- Creating 8.4 million good-paying jobs by 2018.
- Investing $820 billion in rebuilding our roads, schools, and bridges.
- Making college debt-free through federal assistance to states for public colleges and universities.
- Endorsing an expansion of Social Security benefits to keep up with seniors’ true costs.
- Eliminating egregious tax loopholes, including for corporations that ship jobs overseas and executives who pay themselves in stock options instead of income.
- Implementing a new millionaire’s tax ai??i?? and a new billionaire’s tax — to make our tax code more fair and progressive.
- Implementing a new financial transaction tax to crack down on the Wall Street gambling that wrecked our economy.
- Investing in universal pre-K.
- Providing funding for public financing of campaigns.
This is the opposite of the Republican budget, which cuts and privatizes key programs to pay for tax cuts for big corporations and the wealthiest Americans. Both budgets will get a vote soon.
Thanks for being a bold progressive!
— Congressman KeithAi??EllisonAi??(D-MN) | <urn:uuid:afdc645f-ac8a-46ec-986c-8fa0a801244b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.boldprogressives.org/2015/03/big-announcement-the-peoples-budget/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570765.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808031623-20220808061623-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.901915 | 552 | 1.507813 | 2 |
The Pot calling the kettle black
The Pot calling the kettle black : Phrases
The notion of a criticism a person is making of another could equally well apply to themself.
This phrase originates in Cervantes' Don Quixote, or at least in Thomas Shelton's 1620 translation - Cervantes Saavedra's History of Don Quixote:
"You are like what is said that the frying-pan said to the kettle, 'Avant, black-browes'."
The first person who is recorded as using the phrase in English was William Penn, the founder of Pennsylvania, in his Some fruits of solitude, 1693:
"For a Covetous Man to inveigh against Prodigality... is for the Pot to call the Kettle black."
Shakespeare had previously expressed a similar notion in a line in Troilus and Cressida, 1601- "The raven chides blackness."
From The Pot to HOME PAGE | <urn:uuid:f0c61732-b842-453e-9b33-6a1df24d5fde> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.english-for-students.com/The-Pot.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280929.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00421-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.944975 | 203 | 2.953125 | 3 |
May of 1998 was a big month. It was the first time the world was introduced to the iMac. With it, a new era of design for Macs and PCs was launched, and its safe to say that the look of computers has never been the same.
Its amazing to see how the iMac has evolved over the last 10 years. You can read about the Evolution of the iMac and see how the product has changed over time, but what is more interesting to me is that this year also marks the 25th anniversary of the Apple “All-in-One” computer.
The Apple Lisa was the first true “All-In-One” offered by Apple, and it was introduced in January of 1983. You can read a complete history of the Evolution of the Apple All-In-One as well – and the changes from 1983 to 2008 are as different as night and day. The iMacs we have now were unimaginable at the time.
I wonder what Mac will look like 25 years from now? Will they even have screens, or will they plug straight into your head? Only time will tell… | <urn:uuid:1018fa0f-b086-45c8-95b5-ab9f2dbc44ae> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.applegazette.com/mac/imac-turns-10-apple-all-in-one-turns-25/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280266.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00493-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.989357 | 233 | 1.617188 | 2 |
Monday, May 19th 2014, 1pm
801 22nd Street NW, Phillips Hall 736
Washington, DC 20052
Hosted by: Dr. Kausik Sarkar (email@example.com)
Microfluidics has emerged in recent years as a versatile method of manipulating fluids at small length-scales, and in particular, for generating and manipulating micron size droplets with controllable size and functionality. For example, many research groups developed microfluidics devices for cell encapsulation, and synthesizing functionalized polymer microspheres and inorganic nanoparticles with precise control over their shapes and sizes. In this talk, I will showcase 2 examples on microfluidics based approaches.
(1) Shear-induced structures (SIS) are known to form in flows of wormlike micellar solutions. In simple shear cases these structures (SIS) are temporary and disintegrate upon cessation of the flow; while in certain mixed-flow cases these flow-induced structured phases (FISPs) are stable and long-lived. Here, we study the flow of micellar solutions (both ionic and non-ionic surfactants) in a microfluidic device containing an array of microposts and explore the gelation mechanism with encapsulation and biosensing applications.
(2) A novel droplet microfluidics method to image oxygen in single islets (pancreatic cells) for glucose sensing. Individual islets and a fluorescent oxygen-sensitive dye were encased within a thin alginate polymer microcapsule for insulin secretion monitoring. The sensing system operated similarly from 2-48 hours following encapsulation, and viability and function of the islets were not significantly affected by the encapsulation process. This approach should be applicable to other cell types and dyes sensitive to other biologically important molecules.
Amy Shen received her Ph.D. in Theoretical and Applied Mechanics from University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in October 2000. She was a postdoctoral fellow at Harvard University from 2000-2002. Amy Shen is an associate professor in Mechanical Engineering and Chemical Engineering at University of Washington and served as the director of soft matter and microfluidics laboratory. Amy’s research is focused on the complex fluids, rheology, biomaterials and self assembly that can find application in the nanotechnology, biotechnology, and energy related materials. Amy is an honor member of Phi Kappa Phi and Pi Tau Sigma. Amy received Ralph E. Powe Junior Faculty Enhancement Award in 2003 and the National Science Foundation's CAREER Award in 2007. Amy is also a Fulbright Scholar in 2013. | <urn:uuid:5e563c86-887a-453a-8ab7-da0f0fa0bfae> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://browse.calendar.gwu.edu/EventList.aspx?view=EventDetails&eventidn=4475&information_id=8631&type=&rss=rss | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00015-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.930045 | 550 | 2.125 | 2 |
Your writing makes a big impression on your readers, so it’s important to sound professional, confident, and impressive. Here are some tips to help you do just that:
Use simple, direct language
This will make your writing sound more confident and authoritative. Avoid using overly complicated or flowery language – it’ll only make you sound pretentious.
Be clear and concise
Edit your work ruthlessly to make sure it’s free of any unnecessary words or phrases. Make sure each sentence is clear and packs a punch. Not only will this make your writing more efficient, but it’ll also give the impression that you know exactly what you’re talking about.
Choose your words carefully
Precision is key when you’re communicating something important. Make sure you use the right word to convey exactly what you mean – using a thesaurus can be helpful for this.
Use proper grammar and spelling
Nothing makes a writer look more unprofessional than basic errors in grammar and spelling. Always proofread your work before you publish or share it with others.
Avoid using informal language or slang terms
Even if you’re writing for a more relaxed audience, it’s important to sound professional. Stick to using standard English unless there’s a specific reason not to.
Be aware of your tone
Your tone of voice can say a lot about you as a writer – make sure it comes across as confident, competent, and trustworthy.
Pay attention to your sentence structure
Varying the length and complexity of your sentences will make your writing more interesting to read. But be careful not to go overboard – too much variety can make your writing sound choppy and difficult to follow.
Use active voice
Active voice is generally more concise and easier to read than passive voice. It also sounds more confident – something that’s important in professional writing.
Avoid using fillers or empty phrases
Words like “basically,” “actually,” and “literally” don’t add anything to your writing. And phrases like “I think,” “in my opinion,” and “to be honest” can make you sound unsure of yourself. Cut them out to avoid weakening your argument.
Be confident in what you’re saying
If you don’t believe in what you’re writing, your readers won’t either. Make sure the language you use reflects the level of confidence you have in your material.
Limit the use of adjectives and adverbs
Adjectives and adverbs are useful words that can help to describe things and add detail to your writing. However, too many of them can make your writing sound ‘flowery’ or ‘overly-descriptive’, which can actually weaken your argument. Try to limit your use of these words, and focus on using strong verbs instead. This will make your writing sound more direct and powerful.
By following these tips, you can make sure that your writing always sounds its best. Put in the effort to present yourself professionally, and you’ll reap the rewards in terms of both credibility and respect. | <urn:uuid:9e5f72c1-55b7-456d-b0c8-ff063eea11d6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://papyruseditor.com/how-to-make-your-writing-sound-more-professional/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00678.warc.gz | en | 0.917293 | 663 | 2.59375 | 3 |
Dermatologists are experts in the diagnosis and management of skin, hair and nail disorders. This includes common presentations such as skin cancer and skin checks, acne, eczema, psoriasis, rosacea, itchy skin, rashes, ageing skin and other cosmetic problems.
At The Wesley Hospital, our dermatologists treat conditions such as:
Note: The information here is for general reference only. To understand the benefits and risks specific to your condition and overall situation, please discuss any procedure with your treating doctor.
To access dermatology services at The Wesley Hospital, you will need a referral from your GP. From there, you can make an appointment with one of our dermatologists. | <urn:uuid:0184efa0-fc0c-4d4a-8e2f-490e0fa55196> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.wesley.com.au/services/dermatology | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00678.warc.gz | en | 0.940659 | 142 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Sometime ago we had published a series of Internet related trivia facts. The world of computers is full of very interesting facts. So today we decided to bring you a collection of computer facts that will make points of interesting conversations.
- For about 20 years (from 1962 to 1977), the computer controlled launch code for the US nuclear missiles was 00000000. [Source]
- The word password is among the most used passwords. (you can use our strong password generator)
- Name of the first electronic computer was ENIAC. It was massive as it weighed 27 tons and it was spread over 1800 sq. feet.
- TYPEWRITER is the longest dictionary word that can be typed using keys in only one row on your standard querty keyboard.
- STEWARDESSES is the longest word that can be typed with only left hand.
- A small percentage of world’s total money is in physical form. It is estimated that just about 10% of world’s money exists in the form of currency notes and coins. Rest of the money exists only in computers!
- The first computer mouse was made of wood. Computer mouse was invented by America engineer Doug Engelbart.
- What’s in a garage? Well, Microsoft, Apple and HP were all started in a garage.
- The first hard-disk was the size of two refrigerator and it could store 3.5 MB data.
- First hard disk of 1 GB capacity was developed in 1980. Weight of the first gigabyte hard disk was 249kg and its cost was USD 40,000 at that time.
- The first 1 TB hard disk was developed by Hitachi in 2007.
- Nvidia GeForce 6800 Ultra graphic card contains 222 million transistors.
- First microprocessor from Intel was Intel 4004. It contained only 2300 transistors and it worked at a clock rate of 740 kHz.
- Intel Sandy Bridge-E, one of the latest microprocessors from Intel, contains 2270 million transistors!
- On average a human being blinks 20 times in a minute. But while using a computer blink rate goes down to 7 per minute.
- If we could turn human brain into a computer, then that computer would be able to do 38,000 trillion operations per second and hold more than 3580 TBs of memory.
- How many computer viruses you know about? More than 5000 new computer viruses are released every month.
- Symbolics.com is the first registered .com domain name. It was registered on 15 March 1985. [Source] You can check the age of any domain name using our domain age checker tool.
- The design team of the IBM PC prototype was code-named The Dirty Dozen.
- Fixing errors in computer programs is called debugging. This term was coined by Grace Hoppers who was a Rear Admiral in US Navy. A moth had gotten stuck in the gears of a computer Hoppers was working on. It stopped the computer from functioning. When the insect was removed the machine worked again. Hoppers called it de”bugging” of computer.
- Bill Gates (Microsoft), Larry Ellison (Oracle), Mark Zuckerberg (Facebook), Larry Page (Google), Michael Dell (Dell Computers), Azim Premji (Wipro), Paul Allen (Microsoft), Steve Jobs (Apple), Jan Koum (WhatsApp), Jack Dorsey and Evan Williams (Twitter), Hiroshi Yamauchi (Nintendo), Mike Lazaridis (RIM)… they all left their studies incomplete and started their companies.
- Apollo 11 landed two men on moon. The combined power of all the computers in Apollo 11 is much less than the power of today’s mobile phone!
- Melissa computer virus affected about 20% of world’s computers. Melissa creator, David L. Smith, was sentenced for 10 years in jail.
- Email was invented before the World Wide Web!
- More than one billion people use Facebook.
- Most of the modern supercomputers use LINUX.
We hope that you liked these interesting computer facts and trivia. We will keep on updating this list with more funny computer facts. So, do visit again to get the updated list.
If you have more computer facts or anecdotes, please share with us in the comments section. We will try to include them in the list. Thank you for using TechWelkin! | <urn:uuid:82e3087f-fca0-4a08-b6cc-d4f622025dbc> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://techwelkin.com/computer-facts-history-trivia | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281162.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00533-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.943457 | 914 | 2.90625 | 3 |
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Australia. Review of Post-arrival Programs and Services for Migrants
Australia. Review of Post-arrival Programs and Services for Migrants 1978 Migrant Services and Programs. (The Galbally Report). Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service.
1978a “‘Communicative’ language teaching: an assessment.” In P. Strevens , ed., In Honour of A. S. Hornby. (London: Oxford University Press.)
1978b Review of D. Wilkins , Notional Syllabuses, ELT Journal, 33, 1 (Oct. 1978), 79–82. doi: 10.1093/elt/XXXIII.1.79
1977 An Introduction to Discourse Analysis. (London: Longman.)
1978 “Discourse analysis in English – a short review of the literature.” In Kinsella 1978.
1976 Cognitive and Social Strategies in Language Acquisition. Ph.D. Dissertation Stanford University.
Halliday, M. A. K.
1978 Language as Social Semiotic. (London: Edward Arnold.)
ed. 1978 Language Teaching and Linguistics: Surveys. (London: Cambridge University Press.)
Krashen, S. and Scarcella, R.
1978 “On routines and patterns in language acquisition and performance.” Language Learning, 28, 2 (Dec. 1978), 283–300. doi: 10.1111/j.1467‑1770.1978.tb00135.x
T. Quinn and C. Drousiotou
1979 “Modern Greek for Radiographers: An Exercise in Limited Communicative Competence”. Australian Review of Applied Linguistics, 2, 2, 36–43.
1978 “Special-purpose language learning: a perspective” In Kinsella 1978.
1976 Notional Syllabuses. (London: Oxford University Press.) | <urn:uuid:f5d08f4d-2ce0-40c9-869c-ae29e0e6027d> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.jbe-platform.com/content/journals/10.1075/aral.3.1.05qui | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718309.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00404-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.760445 | 453 | 2.234375 | 2 |
Archived Harvesting Updates
Métis Harvesting Rights Update – July 2018
Over the past year, the Métis Nation of Alberta (MNA) has collaborated with the Government of Alberta (GoA) to evaluate and redefine Métis harvesting rights.
As part of this collaborative work, the MNA hosted a series of engagement sessions across Alberta. We had 800 attendees and received 757 paper and online surveys.
With this feedback, we are negotiating a new Métis harvesting policy with the GoA. Our findings have been submitted to the GoA Cabinet, and we expect a decision very soon.
The MNA has never supported the current harvesting policy, Métis Harvesting in Alberta, unilaterally implemented by the GoA in 2007. This year, we were finally able to have meaningful discussions about this policy’s deficiencies.
On February 1, 2017, the GoA signed a framework agreement committing to recognize and respect Métis rights in Alberta. This progress was further bolstered by another agreement, signed August 2017, A Way Forward: Métis Harvesting in Alberta. It was the A Way Forward agreement which identified the need for collaborative engagement sessions with the people most affected by the province’s harvesting policy — the harvesters.
If you’d like to learn more about the collaborative work the GoA and the MNA are undertaking with respect to Métis harvesting, read A Way Forward: Métis Harvesting in Alberta.
Federal Firearms Legislation
All harvesters should be aware of federal laws surrounding the acquisition, possession, transportation and use of weapons and ammunition. For further information contact your local police service or the Canadian Firearms Centre at 1-800-731-4000 or visit the Centre’s website.
Extract: Memo from President Poitras on Métis Rights Agenda
TO: MNA Members, Locals, Regions and Provincial Council
FROM: Audrey Poitras, MNA President
DATE: August 1, 2017
RE: Update on Métis Rights
Métis Harvesting Rights
As most members should be aware, the MNA-Alberta Framework Agreement, which was signed in February 2017, included Alberta’s commitment to facilitate “the recognition and respect of Métis rights in Alberta that upholds the honour of the Crown and advances reconciliation.” Since that time, we have been working hard with Alberta to implement this agreement. With respect to Métis harvesting, the agreement committed Alberta to:
“Pursue collaborative discussions with the Ministry of Environment and Parks with respect to Métis harvesting rights;”
As most of you know, the MNA has never agreed with or supported Alberta’s unilaterally imposed Métis Harvesting Policy. This policy was put into place in 2007 after our Interim Métis Harvesting Agreement (“IMHA”) was cancelled by the Ed Stelmach Government and Ted Morton. Since that time, we have turned to the courts and have taken political action to overturn this flawed provincial policy.
Because of our consistent and collective efforts, Alberta has now agreed to begin formal discussions with the MNA on reviewing and updating this policy. For your information, I am attaching a letter recently received from Alberta indicating that they now have a mandate from Cabinet to collaborate with us on reviewing this policy. In the next few weeks, we hope to finalize mutually agreeable terms of reference to guide our efforts.
Then the hard work will begin—at the negotiations table with Alberta. At the same time, we will be engaging in province-wide consultations in the Fall of 2017 to inform our positions at the table and to receive input from our members on the issues identified in the attached letter. I am cautiously optimistic that real progress can be made on this file, so our Métis harvesters can exercise their constitutionally-protected rights without fear of harassment or prosecution.
Download the full Métis Rights Memo here.
Métis Harvesting Rights Update – August 2015
During August of 2015, a Métis rights update document was prepared by Pape Salter Teillet LLP. This legal document contains an overview of current harvesting rights, which reads as follows:
“While we were not ultimately successful in our appeal in the Hirsekorn case before the Alberta Court of Appeal and may not agree with the court’s conclusion, we must live with the result of the case for the time being. We must also remember that case only dealt with the area in and around Cypress Hills.
The Hirsekorn case does not mean that there are no Métis harvesting rights in all of southern Alberta. Nor does it mean that Alberta does not need to negotiate with the MNA on this issue or that Alberta’s current Métis Harvesting Policy should be maintained.
For example, it is important to highlight that the courts did make some helpful findings with respect to Métis rights in Alberta in Hirsekorn. Firstly, the Alberta Court of Appeal rejected Alberta’s arguments that Métis communities are “dots on a map” or limited to “settlements”. Specifically, the court wrote,
I conclude that the historical rights bearing communities of the plains Métis are best considered as regional in nature, as opposed to settlement-based.
Secondly, the trial judge found there was a large regional Métis community that extends throughout parts of southern, central and northern Alberta, along the North Saskatchewan river system. Specifically, the court wrote,
The evidence has shown that an historical Métis community existed in the region of what is present day Edmonton and district. This group of North Saskatchewan Métis included the settlements of Fort Edmonton, St. Albert, Lac St. Anne, Victoria, Lac La Biche, and Rocky Mountain House. The Métis people in this region had a distinctive collective identity, lived together in the same geographical area and shared a common way of life.
Since the Alberta Court of Appeal’s decision, Alberta has not modified its Métis Harvesting Policy. Its current policy of identifying Métis communities “settlement-by-settlement” does not square with the Alberta Court of Appeal’s decision. It also does not recognize Métis harvesting rights in areas around Rocky Mountain House, Tail Creek and Edmonton.
More importantly, Alberta’s current approach to granting “letters” to Métis harvesters still leaves the identification of eligible Métis harvesters in the hands of government bureaucrats, not the Métis Nation. This is wrong in law and is inconsistent with the UN Declaration. This policy must change. The MNA, as the representative government of the Métis people, must play a role in the identification of legitimate Métis rights-holders.”
Please click here for the Métis Rights Update document in its entirety. | <urn:uuid:fb71d477-58a6-47c3-9d81-732d992fbb04> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://albertametis.com/metis-rights/harvesting-rights/archived-harvesting-updates/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573667.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819100644-20220819130644-00076.warc.gz | en | 0.942684 | 1,444 | 1.617188 | 2 |
Albania should join the European Union “within the next ten years”, PM Edi Rama said in an interview broadcast on euronews on Wednesday.
Rama was in Brussels for two days of talks with senior EU officials. He was sworn in as premier on Sunday after winning a parliamentary election on June 23rd.
A key part of Rama’s campaign centred on forging deeper ties with the EU.
“We made a lot of progress, but there is a lot to do. and I very much hope that within the next ten years, this ambition will be accomplished and that Albania will be a full member of the European Union,” Rama said.
The European Commission has laid out 12 key priorities that Tirana must focus on if it is ever to join the bloc.
Steven Blockmans, the head of foreign policy unit at the Centre for European Policy Studies, said that “tangible progress has been made.”
“They now have a new ombudsman, which was required. They have scrapped parliamentary immunity and they’ve adopted an administrative courts law,” Blockmans said.
Other issues to address include strengthening the rule of law and property rights, as well as fighting against organised crime and corruption.
Blockmans warned that even with further reform, Albania’s bid to join the EU may win little support with member states.
“Albania being the single most corrupt in Europe, according to Transparency International, one of the poorest countries in Europe. It will have problems in facing some of the more vaguely formulated requirements by the European Commission,” he said.
“Politics seems to be embroiled with organised crime. This casts a dark shadow over the ambition of Albania to join the European Union. It is certainly perceived as such in the capitals of the member states.”
When asked by Euronews how exactly he would clean up Albania’s image, Rama provided few details.
“It’s very clear. Those who got in got in through a path of modernisation. So we need to modernise. We need to modernise our institutions; we need to modernise our services; we need to modernise our ways of communicating. We are ready to do it and we will do it,” he said.
In October, the European Commission will deliver its next assessment on aspiring candidate countries such as Albania.
Jose Manuel Barroso, the head of the EU executive, told reporters in Brussels on Tuesday that Tirana could achieve candidate status – the last step before full membership – by the end of the year.
Get a different perspective
Every story can be told in many ways: see the perspectives from Euronews journalists in our other language teams. | <urn:uuid:366d0609-1832-4a1f-b78e-a426b0bde320> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.euronews.com/2013/09/18/albania-pm-eyes-eu-membership-within-10-years | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00015-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964444 | 573 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Global Biofuels Production Will Reach Nearly 62 Billion Gallons by 2023, Says Report
News Apr 09, 2013
The pool of commercially available biomass-derived fuels is expanding to include advanced fuels derived from non-food feedstocks and drop-in synthetic substitutes for gasoline, diesel, and kerosene-based jet fuel. According to a new report from Navigant Research, worldwide biofuels production will grow from 33.6 billion gallons per year (BGY) in 2013 to 61.6 BGY in 2023.
"North America is leading the transition to advanced biofuels, but healthy growth in Europe, Asia Pacific, and Latin America is helping to diversify the fuel supply for a range of transportation applications," says Mackinnon Lawrence, principal research analyst with Navigant Research. "Although the scale-up of new production capacity will face significant headwinds in the coming decade, global biofuels production is anticipated to grow at a compound annual growth rate of six percent from 2013 and 2023--almost twice as fast as the growth rate for fossil-based gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel over the same period."
Today, obligatory and voluntary ethanol and biodiesel blending mandates are set in more than 40 countries. At the same time, supply-oriented policies, like the Renewable Fuel Standard in the United States and Renewable Energy Directive in the European Union, call for rapid acceleration in the production of advanced biofuels. Global biofuels production will exceed the aggregated volume of blending mandates by 2020, according to the report, even as the anticipated rollout of supply targets will exceed actual production in that same year. The next ten years will likely see a shakeup of existing policies around biofuels to better calibrate policy objectives and actual production, the study concludes.
The report, "Market Data: Biofuels", provides forecasts, market sizing, and market share analysis for conventional ethanol, advanced ethanol, biobutanol, biodiesel, green diesel, synthetic gasoline, and renewable jet fuel. The report also includes comprehensive data and forecasts for biofuels blending and supply-oriented policies. The total volume of biofuels produced by fuel type and market penetration in retail fuel markets is forecast through 2023, segmented by world region and key countries and sub-regions. An Executive Summary of the report is available for free download on the Navigant Research website. | <urn:uuid:1b1c726f-fec4-4ea5-92c1-6432715154d5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.technologynetworks.com/genomics/news/global-biofuels-production-will-reach-nearly-62-billion-gallons-by-2023-says-report-196294 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00042-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.912926 | 490 | 2.234375 | 2 |
Ellen Wayne was scheduled to lead a workshop on Catholic organizational identity for participants in Catholic Charities USA’s 2017 Annual Gathering, which took place Sept. 28-30 in Houston.
Wayne, the executive director of Catholic Charities of the Finger Lakes, had expected the workshop would be held in a hotel meeting room or ballroom, and some of it was. Much of the workshop, however, took place outside of the hotel in such unexpected locations as a Houston warehouse and the streets of Beaumont, Texas.
That’s where Wayne and hundreds of other Catholic Charities staffers from throughout the nation lived out their Catholic organizational identity by participating in relief efforts for the thousands of Texans who were displaced from their homes after Hurricane Harvey ravaged the state in late August. In the aftermath of the hurricane, organizers of the Catholic Charities gathering changed the schedule to provide participants with opportunities to help with relief efforts. The workshop Wayne had prepared was cancelled, but she believes the experiences participants had out in the field were at least as valuable as the workshop would have been.
“I could be in a room speaking about Catholic organizational identity, or I could be out elbow to elbow with others actually doing it,” she said. “One of the primary tenets of Catholic organizational identity is preferential option for the poor. I can’t think of anything more demonstrative than actually being out there and responding.”
“We were modeling who we say we are, which is about servant leadership,” added Laura Opelt, executive director of Catholic Charities of Steuben County.
Joining Opelt and Wayne in Houston were Paula Smith, fundraising and communications director for Catholic Charities of Steuben County, and Jane Sokolowski, program coordinator for housing counseling services of Catholic Charities of Chemung and Schuyler counties. Smith said the tone of the entire conference was more somber and respectful than in previous years, but under the circumstances it just felt right.
This different tone was evident from the first night, when instead of attending a welcome reception, conference participants gathered in a hotel ball room and worked together assemblyline-fashion to pack boxes of personal-care items and cleaning supplies for hurricane survivors, Wayne said. And on Saturday, participants were bused to various locations throughout the region to help with relief efforts. Wayne ended up in Beaumont, where she was part of a large team distributing boxes of supplies to displaced residents. Wayne was stunned when she looked up at one point and realized the line of cars waiting to drive through the distribution point was more than a mile long.
“It was at once kind of heartbreaking and fulfilling,” she recalled.
Opelt and Smith said they experienced similar emotions on that Saturday, when they were bused to a large warehouse the size of an airplane hangar. The building was filled with huge mounds of donated supplies, so the volunteers first sorted the supplies into separate piles for cleaning supplies, toiletries and food. Once they’d finished the sorting, they assembled kits of supplies for displaced residents.
“We would take an empty box and kind of go shopping through the donations and try to put together a box that might get someone through a couple of days,” Smith said, noting that the experience was unexpectedly emotional for her. “I found myself becoming very concerned about who is going to be receiving these boxes, and whether (the contents) were enough.”
Sorting and packing boxes may seem like relatively minor ways to help, but the items participants packed made a big difference in the lives of the people who received them, noted Sokolowski, who packed supply boxes in the hotel. She said her direct participation in relief efforts was refreshing and reminded her why she and her colleagues do what they do at home every day.
Opelt said she was moved by the way natural disasters “level the playing field,” and heartened to see people from all walks of life and all parts of the country coming together to serve those in need.
“It’s unfortunate that disasters happen, but they do bring people together, and in a way where it’s about love and giving and caring and opening your heart and being of service,” Opelt said.
The experience also demonstrated the fact that “serving your neighbors” doesn’t just mean helping the people on your street, Wayne added.
“We’re bigger than any one neighborhood or any one county, and we have to recognize that our neighbors may be people who we’ve never met or who don’t live in our ZIP code,” she said. | <urn:uuid:22a3247c-28cc-414a-8a0f-a210ac807ec1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://catholiccourier.com/articles/local-catholic-charities-employees-aid-in-hurricane-harvey-relief/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572163.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815085006-20220815115006-00670.warc.gz | en | 0.977147 | 958 | 1.59375 | 2 |
Trigger Point Therapy
Trigger points are discrete, focal, hyperirritable spots located in a tight band within a skeletal muscle. These spots are painful when compressed, often times producing referred pain, referred tenderness and muscle spasms.
Although the exact cause of trigger points is unknown, researchers believe acute trauma or repetitive microtrauma (day to day activity) may lead to their development. Lack of exercise, poor posture, vitamin deficiencies, sleep disturbances and joint problems may all predispose to this microtrauma. Activities such as sitting at work all day, looking at a computer screen, holding a telephone receiver between the ears and shoulder, poor footware, prolonged lifting or bending may also lead to problems.
Acute sports injuries caused by acute sprain or repetitive stress such as playing tennis, golf, baseball, football may also lead to the development of trigger points.
Conservative treatment may involve ice massage, manual methods of direct pressure and spraying the area with a coolant while stretching the area to relax the tightness in the muscle. Dr. Benedikt has spent years studying trigger point therapy or "myofascial release techniques". It is a perfect adjunct to treating many common musculoskeletal problems. | <urn:uuid:7365930f-aaf4-401c-a8a5-eaedbedd379e> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.drhbenedikt.com/services/Trigger_Point_Therapy.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719041.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00169-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.943167 | 247 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Small RNA Library Kits for Illumina Sequencing
Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) is a powerful tool to identify and quantitatively analyze the entire population of small RNAs
RealSeq® small RNA/ miRNA Library Kits
Accuracy Through Circularization - Bias-free small RNA/miRNA NGS library construction
- Elimination of incorporation bias
- Detect all important biomarkers
- Gel-free highly efficient protocol yielding superior quality sequencing libraries
- Lower sequencing costs by reducing the number of irrelevant reads
- Kits for low total RNA inputs from either cells/tissue or biofluids such as plasma/serum
RealSeq Biosciences’ core expertise includes innovative proprietary technologies for bias-free small RNA/miRNA NGS library construction, targeted NGS tools, and cf-RNA analysis (liquid biopsy) that form the basis of the Company’s life science research programs and product development.
RealSeq® is a novel method for preparing small-RNA sequencing libraries that nearly eliminates incorporation bias in Next-Generation-Sequencing (NSG). This technology solves the problem of commonly used sequencing library preparations that lead to underdetection of many miRNAs, some by as much as 10,000-fold.
Under-representation in sequencing libraries can obscure the presence of some RNAs, including potential biomarkers. Accurate quantification of microRNAs (miRNA) and other small RNAs is important for understanding their biology and for developing new biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Most bias stems from sequence-dependent variability in the enzymatic ligation reactions that attach the two adapters to the 3’ and 5’ ends of the miRNAs /small RNAs during preparation of sequencing libraries. By using a novel single adapter and circularization, RealSeq® greatly reduces library preparation bias.
Sergio Barberán-Soler*, Jenny M. Vo, Ryan E. Hogans, Anne Dallas, Brian H. Johnston and Sergei A. Kazakov* (2018) Decreasing miRNA sequencing bias using a single adapter and circularization approach. Genome Biology, 19:105.
More Small RNA Library Preparation Kits
BioChain developed the RapidSeq Small RNA Sample Prep Kits for preparation of NGS libraries for subsequent cluster generation, using purified small RNA or total RNA which contains small RNA fragments as input. The protocol includes steps for adapter ligation, reverse transcription, PCR amplification, and size selection by gel purification to generate a library product compatible with the Illumina NGS platform. 4 kits with different sets of 12 aligners, respectively, are available.
The Small RNA Library Prep Kit for Illumina developed by Norgen Biotek is optimized for the generation of small RNA-seq libraries from bodily fluids. It comprises all the reagents and components required to generate small RNA libraries to be used for next generation sequencing on an Illumina platform. A purification module is also provided for rapid purification of nucleic acid products generated at various steps of the workflow. The purification module utilizes Norgen’s patented resin technology which enhances recovery of desired library intermediates or final products. The library prep workflow could be used for different forms of input including purified total RNA or enriched small RNA, as well as RNA from low content inputs such as plasma, serum and urine. | <urn:uuid:c6a4e6b5-3fe9-4d35-8143-b0474f524003> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www1.biocat.com/categories/ngs-sanger/rna-seq/small-rna-seq | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00474.warc.gz | en | 0.895964 | 700 | 2.140625 | 2 |
Even fact will not change first impressions
Knowledge is power, yet new research suggests that a person's appearance alone can trump knowledge. First impressions are so powerful that they can override what we are told about people. A new study found that even when told whether a person was gay or straight, participants generally identified the person's sexual orientation based on how they looked -- even if it contradicted the facts presented to them.
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Post your comment. | <urn:uuid:5f36f796-ec84-47d7-81de-6a9439d72981> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.personalitytest.net/rss/index.php?id=36202 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280128.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00391-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.924915 | 147 | 2.359375 | 2 |
In the wake of the murder of Ashling Murphy, an extreme rise in cases and what seems like a disproportionate number of reports of violence against women, conversations surrounding Gender Based Violence in Ireland have rightly entered the news cycle again.
While it is beneficial to discuss this issue on a national scale, there are still a concerning number of people who believe these events are random acts of violence and who call for more policing as the primary way to combat them. In contrast, there are many people in various marginalised communities who understand GBV as a symptom of the Irish State, as something that is exacerbated by a variety of other problems and as something that cannot be easily solved through individual blame and violent crackdowns from police.
Some of those interviewed decided to provide first names only.
Red Umbrella Front are a grassroots collective of Irish sex workers and sex workers in Ireland fighting for full decriminalisation and their right to live safely. They talked about how the Irish state perpetuates GBV against sex workers.
Adeline: The free state has a horrific history of GBV, I mean it was engineered around GBV. It was engineered around rolling back women’s rights making it so they couldn’t leave an abuser, they couldn’t work outside the home, they took away contraception, abortion, Ireland was constructed around GBV through the partnership of the church and the state, and it is ongoing. Think of the Magdalene laundries. We can’t have a country where the Gardaí and the Government joined forces to enslave women and traffic their children and not expect that to show up in the culture.
In Ireland, the church has been allowed to direct this narrative of fallen women. Ireland will drive women and marginalised people to poverty and inequality and when they resort to sex work, they are considered a subclass.
ON THE CRIMINALISATION OF SEX WORK AND GBV: Adeline: The Gardaí really are the violence against sex workers. We (Red Umbrella Front) have suffered violence at the hands of the Gardaí. We were raided and evicted by the Gardaí; it did not make us safer. It led to us planning our own suicides. The Gardaí make sure we are not allowed to rent. If you have a roommate, you can be charged with being a pimp because you’re technically living off the proceeds of a sex worker, your landlord will be pressured to evict you, which is what happened with us. We were raided, harassed and intimidated.
I’ve spoken to more than one sex worker who had been raped who was afraid to bring it to the Gardaí for fear of making things worse. I brought this up with two senior Gardaí and they both jumped up and started pounding the table- which is terrifying in itself- shouting ‘how can we make things worse?’ and when I said, well you can evict them for starters’, they both sat down and looked at me saying, ‘well we have to evict them,’ and that is violence.
As a result of this criminalisation, you’ve got women suffering terrible things because they are afraid of what will happen if they show their face or speak up about it. There are people we know who really want to speak to journalists, but they can’t because they’re so terrified. They will agree and then back out because they are terrified, terrified they are going to lose all their support and housing. The fact that you can’t speak up for those fears is GBV.
ON CHANGES TO MAKE GOING FORWARD: Adeline: It’s not simple, it’s lots of things. Like we need mental health services, the conversation on mental health is so far behind in Ireland. Part of that is because it’s rich people that become mental health professionals. There’s no reason for the Irish government not to take the money they pour into religious NGOs and use it to fund sex workers to go through university and become mental health professionals. […] We could be putting people through university - from Direct Provision, from the Travelling community, disabled people, Trans people - to help their own communities.
Ronan: And we have to stop blindly supporting these sexual violence crisis centres and organisations that are backed by the church. They don’t have space for sex workers, and I can’t trust someone that doesn’t. If you don’t have space for sex workers, are you telling me you have space for a drunk woman who got raped who was not the perfect victim?
Because that’s ultimately what they’re perpetuating.
If they aren’t accepting sex workers, they are not accepting anyone who isn’t the perfect woman. It is misogyny, it is transphobia, and it runs deep. Irish civil society is so mixed up in church and state, you go to any of these services that are supposed to help but they’re funded by the church, and they pull you back into their mindset.
MERJ (Migrants and Ethnic-minorities for Reproductive Justice) are a collective of migrant women of colour who began as a group campaigning for abortion rights but have evolved into an abolitionist collective engaging with all radical politics in Ireland.
Emily: When it comes to GBV, it’s really hard in my mind to separate gender from everything else because the truth is, as Kimberly Crenshaw taught us, that gender looks different for women of colour than it does for white women, for Traveller women…this intersection of being racialised and a woman or a minority gendered person changes your experience.
When cases like the horrific case of Ashling Murphy happen I think a lot of people are moved and talk about that as GBV, that’s what we understand as GBV, but I think it’s critical to understand that this is not one action, not the action of one bad man, that this is systemic and it looks different based on what other material conditions you are actually dealing with. And as we have seen, the sympathy for GBV only comes for a certain kind of victim as well.
ON POLICE ACTION AS A RESPONSE TO GBV: Emily: As MERJ we’re abolitionists so that means we reject any carceral solutions that are given. It is important to remember when we’re talking about GBV that the state is one of the main perpetrators of this violence. So, it feels counterproductive to look at the state as a protector from GBV. We know guards are racist, sexist, homophobic by their own admission really, we also know there are higher instances of domestic violence in households where there are police. While prison guards commit horrendous acts of sexual violence against women in prisons, we are told that we need to be afraid of trans women in prison.
Emily: I think because we’re taught the police are there to protect you, the first thing you see when any kind of harm happens is people telling you to call the guards or report to the guards. I think people do that in good faith not thinking through what the consequences of that will be. Maybe the consequences won’t be for you but for other people. I think sometimes people call the guards not necessarily for their own safety but for others, like people having a mental health crisis, we use the guards as this panacea for everything that is difficult to deal with in life and often that makes it so much worse and escalates situations. We aren’t putting any kind of blame on people that are assaulted and call the guards, of course you would, that’s what you’re told to do.
But we don’t think of the consequences and even the justice system as part of the carceral state and what that looks like. When someone is looking for justice after being assaulted or harmed by justice, they mean harsh prison sentences. And what does that do for the harm that’s been done actually? And that as abolitionists is where we’re trying to get people to think. Don’t just take the standard route that has been given to you because who has it been given to you by?
ON POSSIBLE ALTERNATIVE RESPONSES: Emily: Start thinking about, what is it that I actually need right now? What are the consequences of acting on those needs? Who is best placed to de-escalate the situation and get me safe? And if I am safe or if I’m not safe but it is after I’ve been harmed, what do I need after I’ve been harmed?
Does it do any good for that person to go to prison for my harm? Is that going to help me in the aftermath or is it just going to reinforce itself and actually do no one any good?
K: I’ve been in a situation recently involving sexual violence and it was solved through a community situation where some people in my community who were not involved in what happened went between me and the person who perpetrated and mediated. I made the decision not to interact with that person anymore but that person still has a connection with other people in the community so they’re not shut out like they would be if you were punishing, people are still caring for them, but I feel cared for as well because I don’t have to take on the burden of interacting with them and putting myself in harm’s way again.
Michelle Byrne is a long-time community activist and avid trade unionist with a background in student campaigning. She is involved with Unite, CATU and Waterford for Change. She spoke about GBV on the Debenhams pickets and the relationship between GBV and Workers Rights.
Michelle: It was mostly women on those pickets, the vast majority, 90 percent involved in that, and there was a very problematic state-sanctioned response to protect capital. At the height of that, on the Waterford picket we had some of the guards come down and physically lift women in their sixties out. At one stage I was being lifted out and my top was pulled up in front of crowds of people. There was no care there.
There were women there a couple of years off retirement fighting to get their redundancy package being carried off in front of crowds of people with almost the same number of guards there as people. The response was let’s have a little chat with you first to see if we can convince you. When that didn’t work it was; okay let’s bring out these paramilitary style Gardaí. This was after they had essentially kettled us where the sit down was taking place. It seemed like such an over excessive use of police intimidation and force.
There were lots of layers to the violence here. ‘You’re in a trade union and that goes against what we stand for’, and then ‘as women how dare you stand up for your rights in a capitalist society even though you own that money’. It was a very purposeful interaction saying ‘we’re here to protect capital. We are happy enough to pick these women up off the ground but protect these scabs over here who just so happen to be men in trucks who are being directed by KPG’ which in my experience is mostly men in suits. There are so many layers, like men told us to do this and now mostly men, as the Gardaí were mostly men, are reacting to this, going up against a bunch of older women who are trying to defend their rights as workers.
ON GBV AND WORKERS’ RIGHTS: Michelle: Maybe typically you wouldn’t think ‘oh I’m joining a union to combat gender-based violence’ but you are joining to tackle the results of exploitation under capitalism and to me the two are connected. There’s lots of instances where trade unions are trying to raise gender issues to try and fight back and scratch away at these problematic norms in the workplace.
For example, as workers leave work at night many hospitality workplaces don’t provide taxis home even though they probably have a duty of care to their staff to make sure that they get home safe when they’re in unsafe positions leaving their establishment. Although, we have to understand that all of these inequalities are happening under capitalist notions of what a workplace should be and is going to continue until we rebalance that essentially.
Not to be reductive but at the end of the day, if you are still supporting capitalism, you are supporting a lot of the structures that lead to GBV. If we want to fight GBV we have to really think about anti-capitalism. Capitalism exists on inequality and obviously that ties into the patriarchy that puts men and women on unequal footing and we need to look at what that means - gender norms and gender stereotypes and how those feed into the violence that occurs.
We have to think about the bigger picture as well, like yes, we can think about the things that we need to do right now in relation to, say, I’ve heard people asking is it porn? Is it violent video games? But those things are the small little outcomes of the much wider problem of patriarchy and capitalism. Hopefully people will make that connection and realise that this is much bigger than just turn off the games or restrict porn. There are positive things that can be done immediately but if we’re not looking at the root causes of this, we’re going to be constantly fighting little fires without actually tackling the cause of the fire. | <urn:uuid:5e13b16c-65e3-4395-a6eb-92ddcd09dc13> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://magazine.gcn.ie/articles/226132?article=26-1&index=10 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.977537 | 2,827 | 1.5625 | 2 |
We all know there are places in these United States where, when we visit we are hit with that rich feeling. These places look rich, feel rich, and even smell rich.
People who reside in these places live in bubbles. They are clueless about life on the outside. Unfortunately for about–oh the past 30 years–one of these places has been Washington, D.C. We are talking about the District where our federal government exists and areas of the surrounding states of Maryland and Virginia.
Few other places rival the local economy that surrounds our nation’s Capitol. It’s a place of “no worries.”
For rest of us, it is a different story. We know it will take five years of net new job growth of 250,000 per month to get back what we’ve lost. We know the federal government’s finances are not sustainable. We are worried about government cutbacks in our neighborhoods, especially in schools.
When we learn of cutbacks in food and water safety we are not surprised, just more worried about the future. States have cut $392 million for public health programs, which include food and water safety and environmental health, according to a March 2010 report from the Trust for America’s Health (TFAH) and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF).
Federal spending for public health has been flat for the last five years, meaning there’s been no money to make up the gap down here where we live.
While the two foundations looked at spending, the National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO) has looked at jobs, and the results are not pretty. Local health departments lost 16,000 jobs in 2009, according to NACCHO.
And there were 7,000 local and regional health department jobs lost in 2008. NACCHO estimates 15 percent of the local public health workforce has been lost in the last two years.
NACCHO, which represents 2,800 city, county, metropolitan, district, and tribal health departments, says its data should “sound a warning.” These local health departments are the ones that inspect restaurants and school cafeterias, and food processors.
Robert M. Pestronk, executive officer of NACCHO, says the front line health departments will “do the best job they can with the resources available to them to protect Americans from public health threats…”
The dramatic nature of these cutbacks, however, means local health department can no longer do more with less. It means they will be doing less with less, fewer inspections, less follow-up, responding more only after someone is ill, not before.
You will be happy to know, however, that inside the bubble they may be safe. Local health department spending in the District of Columbia is $134.17 per capita, second only to Hawaii at $169.92, according to the report from the two foundations.
Lowest spending per capita is found in hard-hit Nevada, which comes in at a mere $3.55. It just happens that Las Vegas is the site of next month’s gathering of Food Safety News writers from around the nation. Oh yum!© Food Safety News | <urn:uuid:6cd966ce-4922-453c-b4ff-c7648f70c3da> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.foodsafetynews.com/2010/03/letter-from-the-editor-sound-a-warning/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280929.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00430-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.957587 | 667 | 2.359375 | 2 |
Wind power brings little benefit
This is a short version of the paper "The low benefit of industrial wind," by Eric Rosenbloom.
Although the paper focuses on the lack of environmental and energy benefits, there is a similar lack of financial benefits. Jobs are few and temporary (most installation is done by specialized technicians from elsewhere). Payoffs to towns are short-term promises at best and not binding, and tax benefits are likely to be severely diminished once other losses (in property values and tourism/recreation income) and the state's share are factored in.
Only the individual landowners leasing their land can be said to benefit. Yet for negatively altering our common landscape and degrading wildlife habitat and water ecology (with clearing, foundations, and roads), for adding noise and light pollution day and night, the landowner (who more often than not, it seems, does not live in the area) signs a lease drawn up by the wind company and effectively becomes a caretaker of their interests in perpetuity.
In balance, there is no benefit to the country, to the state or region, and certainly not to the hosting localities from industrial wind turbine installations.
Driving the desire for industrial wind power is the conviction that it will help reduce fossil and nuclear fuel use. Thus the local impacts of large wind turbine installations are thought to be justified by a greater good of healthier air and water, reduction of carbon emissions, and moving away from harmful mining and fuel wars. These are all without question important goals.
While the wind power industry tends to downplay its negative effects, many conservation groups call for careful siting and ongoing study to minimize them. There is debate, therefore, about the impacts but not about the benefits. Even the most cautious of advocates do not doubt, for example, that "every kilowatt-hour generated by wind is a kilowatt-hour not generated by a dirty fuel."
Such a formula is, at best, overly simplistic. The evidence from countries that already have a large proportion of wind power suggests that it has very little, if any, effect on the use of other sources.
In "Impact of Wind Power Generation in Ireland on the Operation of Conventional Plant and the Economic Implications," February 2004, the Irish National Grid find that the benefits of wind-generated power are small and that they decrease as more wind power is added to the system.
Wind plants, they conclude, add more capacity (requiring more infrastructure) with almost no reduction of non-wind capacity, the latter of which must be used more inefficiently than otherwise.
As for CO2 reduction, they determine that "[t]he cost of CO2 abatement arising from using large levels of wind energy penetration appears high relative to other alternatives." Their model generously assumes that all energy produced from wind is used and did not consider output fluctuations within periods of less than an hour. And they do not consider at all the environmental toll of expanded industrial wind development.
Similar conclusions are reached by the Royal Academy of Engineers in "Response to the House of Lords Science and Technology Select Committee Inquiry Into the Practicalities of Developing Renewable Energy," October 2003. They project that the goal of 25,000 MW of wind capacity in the U.K. -- which boasts some of the best wind resource in the world -- would replace at enormous cost only 4,000 MW of conventional capacity. They also project that the most common output of a widely distributed network of wind power facilities would be less than 3% of capacity and that a third of the time output would be less than 14% of capacity.
The Electric Power Research Institute, in a three-year audit for the U.S. Department of Energy, reported that the ridgeline facility in Searsburg, Vermont, produced no electricity at all -- not even a trickle -- almost 40% of the time.
In "Wind Report 2005," E.ON Netz, the German grid manager for about a third of Germany, hosting 7,050 MW of wind-generating capacity at the end of 2004, states, "traditional power stations with capacities equal to 90% of the installed wind power capacity [a little over the maximum historical wind power infeed] must be permanently online in order to guarantee power supply at all times." The consequence is that wind power construction must be accompanied by corresponding construction of new conventional power plants.
In "Danish Wind: Too Good to be True?" Utilities Journal, July 2004, David J. White describes how Denmark's claim of generating 20% of their electricity from wind is misleading. From the 2003 annual report of Eltra -- western Denmark's grid manager with more than two-thirds of Denmark's wind capacity -- White determines that they in fact exported 84% of their wind production.
He also explains why there is so little CO2 savings from wind. Most of the exported wind power goes to pumped hydro facilities in Norway and Sweden, displacing another emissions-free source. When used domestically, "fluctuations in wind output have to be managed by the operation of fossil-fired capacity below optimum efficiency in order to stabilise the grid." This is because "the rate of change of wind speed can drop faster than the rate at which fossil-fuelled capacity can be started up. Hence spinning reserve is essential. ... The result is that, while wind-generated power itself is CO2-free, the saving to the whole power system is not proportional to the amount of fossil-fuelled power that it displaces."
White refers to a statement by Danish generating company Elsam's head of development, Flemming Nissen, who said in a presentation to the "Vind eller forsvind" conference in Copenhagen, May 27, 2004, "Increased development of wind turbines does not reduce Danish CO2 emissions."
Richard S. Courtney similarly explains in "Windfarms provide no useful electricity," a presentation to the 2004 Groups Opposed to Windfarms in the UK conference, that windfarms only force power stations to switch more often between generation and spinning reserve, or standby. "They provide no useful electricity and make no reduction to emissions from power generation. Indeed, the windfarm is the cause of emissions from a power station operating spinning standby in support of the windfarm."
The most glaring cost of big wind is the industrial development of rural and wild areas, which inarguably degrades rather than improves our common environment. That is impossible to justify if the benefits claimed by the industry sales material are in fact an illusion, propped up by subsidies and artificial markets for "indulgence credits" that actually facilitate the flouting of emissions caps and renewable energy targets.
[ www.aweo.org ] | <urn:uuid:8cff533a-93fb-40b0-b10e-4108cf61d331> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.aweo.org/lowbenefit.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280929.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00429-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.94811 | 1,372 | 2.625 | 3 |
YOUNGSTOWN, Ohio – In the competition for talent that virtually every business finds itself in, making long-term investments in employees can be a strategy that sets its company apart. Helping employees, whether current workers or potential hires, plan for their retirement shows them a long-term commitment.
“The first thing I’d ask myself as a business owner is how important employee retention is to me. Is it crucial to the type of business I’m in? Is it important to the end clientele to have that kind of consistency in my employees?” says Stephen VanSuch, financial adviser at the Canfield office of Merrill Lynch. “If I’m the owner, do I want to help build a nest egg for my family as well? If those answers are yes, then a retirement plan is an optimal start.”
When offering such plans, the company bears some fiduciary responsibility, although professional advisers like VanSuch can help to bear some of it.
“We can’t completely eradicate their responsibilities, but we can help them make sure they’re doing the right things in terms of investments, education and regulatory requirements,” says Mark Wenick, chief wealth management officer of Farmers Trust Co., Canfield. “Even though they’re never off the hook 100%, we’re there to share the burden and share our expertise so they can meet their obligations.”
Working with an adviser allows business leaders to tap into a deep well of expertise, benefiting both the plan participants and the company. At Farmers, that can mean tapping into record-keeping, lending and other forms of financial planning, Wenick says, while retirement planners can often refer clients to other advisers should there be questions outside their expertise.
“A lot of companies use 401(k)s, which also have other people involved whose job is to ensure that everyone is abiding by plan rules. Ultimately, though, it’s up to the employer to make sure everything is kosher,” says Jean Daley, a financial adviser at W3 Wealth Management in Warren.
With the tumult of 2020, now is a good time for companies to review their plans, says Patrick Russo of Daprile Financial in Canfield. Although the markets have rebounded and investors who didn’t back out of their long-term plans are generally in good shape, it can still be beneficial to examine the intricacies of an employer-sponsored plan.
“I’ve called on several businesses recently and discovered that they don’t have the best funds. They don’t have the cheapest or the best-performing ones,” he says. “Things like that are very simple fixes that you can make through your current provider. Now more than ever, you need to have a good relationship with your adviser and the company managing your 401(k) plan.”
Once a plan is in place, it’s up to employers – in conjunction with their advisers – to decide on what options participants can choose from. The step is important because of companies’ fiduciary responsibilities, Daley says.
“If they have a wide open platform where employees can pick up a crazy volatile stock, you don’t want to allow for something like that,” she says.
For employees who already have portfolios of their own, company plans can be merged or kept separate from personal plans. The decision is unique to each person and his goals.
“People have personal savings. If you have kids, there may be education savings. There may be savings to buy a house. All of those should sync up,” Wenick says.
For businesses that offer their employees retirement plans, one of the most crucial aspects is educating them on what’s available and how they can take advantage. In her experience, Daley notes that matching contributions often encourages workers to use their 401(k)s rather than letting them sit idle.
At the Canfield Merrill Lynch office, VanSuch observes two of the most common issues are that employees either don’t use their account or draw from it too early.
“My opinion is that retirement plans are still incredibly under-utilized by recipients. Most folks that are eligible to participate in that 401(k) plan don’t,” he says. “The other part is … people don’t always understand that the stock market has returned 10% in modern history. In order to accomplish that historical rate of return, you need to extend your time horizon.” | <urn:uuid:0202ef77-2ca3-472e-9a1b-bd3accab3101> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://businessjournaldaily.com/article/company-sponsored-retirement-plans-show-commitment-to-employees/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00676.warc.gz | en | 0.965875 | 952 | 1.5 | 2 |
Land Rover Recalls
The fasteners that secure the front suspension control arms to the steering knuckles may not be assembled properly. This could result in separation of front suspension components while driving which could result in an accident.
The transmission of the vehicle may shift to neutral unexpectedly while driving. This could cause loss of vehicle control and could result in an accident.
The driver's side frontal air bag may not inflate properly when commanded in an accident. This can cause increased risk of occupant injury.
The passenger frontal air bag assembly is deployed by an inflator which contains propellant that makes the air bag deploy. This propellant may degrade over time, especially when exposed to humidity and temperature cycling. As a result, the inflator may rupture on deployment, which can send metal shrapnel through the air bag, striking vehicle occupants. This could result in serious injury or death.
The second row seat back may not latch properly, causing a risk of injury. The second row center seat is especially at risk.
The owners manual does not properly describe to the vehicle owner the functionality of the air bag status indicator lamp. This could result in a misunderstanding of the function of the air bag system, resulting in injury.
The panoramic roof may detach from the vehicle due to adhesive failure. This could result in increased risk of a crash or other damage aside from the vehicle.
The vehicle doors may unexpectedly unlatch when closed. This can result in occupant injury.
The systems that control vehicle stability such as the Dynamic Stability Control, Roll Stability Control, Traction Control and Hill Decent Control may become disabled without cause. This can cause loss of vehicle control.
The wheel lug nuts may crack and detach from the wheel lug studs, resulting in the potential that wheels may come off of the vehicle. | <urn:uuid:bffd8362-d063-4728-9774-ff43de96a1ce> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://repairpal.com/land+rover/recalls?car_model=range%2Brover%2Bsport | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283689.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00349-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.928858 | 365 | 2.265625 | 2 |
Air transport, freight (million ton-km)
Definition: Air freight is the volume of freight, express, and diplomatic bags carried on each flight stage (operation of an aircraft from takeoff to its next landing), measured in metric tons times kilometers traveled.
Description: The map below shows how Air transport, freight (million ton-km) varies by country. The shade of the country corresponds to the magnitude of the indicator. The darker the shade, the higher the value. The country with the highest value in the world is United States, with a value of 38,225.45. The country with the lowest value in the world is Dominican Republic, with a value of 0.00.
Source: International Civil Aviation Organization, Civil Aviation Statistics of the World and ICAO staff estimates.
Development Relevance: Transport infrastructure - highways, railways, ports and waterways, and airports and air traffic control systems - and the services that flow from it are crucial to the activities of households, producers, and governments. Because performance indicators vary widely by transport mode and focus (whether physical infrastructure or the services flowing from that infrastructure), highly specialized and carefully specified indicators are required to measure a country's transport infrastructure. The air transport industry a vital engine of global socio-economic growth. It is of vital importance for economic development, creating direct and indirect employment, supporting tourism and local businesses, and stimulating foreign investment and international trade. Economic growth, technological change, market liberalization, the growth of low cost carriers, airport congestion, oil prices and other trends affect commercial aviation throughout the world.
Limitations and Exceptions: The air transport data represent the total (international and domestic) scheduled traffic carried by the air carriers registered in a country. Countries submit air transport data to International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) on the basis of standard instructions and definitions issued by ICAO. In many cases, however, the data include estimates by ICAO for nonreporting carriers. Where possible, these estimates are based on previous submissions supplemented by information published by the air carriers, such as flight schedules. The data cover the air traffic carried on scheduled services, but changes in air transport regulations in Europe have made it more difficult to classify traffic as scheduled or nonscheduled. Thus recent increases shown for some European countries may be due to changes in the classification of air traffic rather than actual growth. In the case of multinational air carriers owned by partner States, traffic within each partner State is shown separately as domestic and all other traffic as international. "Foreign" cabotage traffic (i.e. traffic carried between city-pairs in a State other than the one where the reporting carrier has its principal place of business) is shown as international traffic. A technical stop does not result in any flight stage being classified differently than would have been the case had the technical stop not been made. For countries with few air carriers or only one, the addition or discontinuation of a home-based air carrier may cause significant changes in air traffic. Data for transport sectors are not always internationally comparable. Unlike for demographic statistics, national income accounts, and international trade data, the collection of infrastructure data has not been "internationalized."
Statistical Concept and Methodology: For statistical uses, departures are equal to the number of landings made or flight stages flown. A flight stage is the operation of an aircraft from take-off to its next landing. A flight stage is classified as either international or domestic. International flight stage is one or both terminals in the territory of a State, other than the State in which the air carrier has its principal place of business. Domestic flight stage is not classifiable as international. Domestic flight stages include all flight stages flown between points within the domestic boundaries of a State by an air carrier whose principal place of business is in that State. Flight stages between a State and territories belonging to it, as well as any flight stages between two such territories, should be classified as domestic. This applies even though a stage may cross international waters or over the territory of another State. Freight tonne-kilometres performed measures a metric tonne of freight carried one kilometre. Freight tonne-kilometres equal the sum of the products obtained by multiplying the number of tonnes of freight, express, diplomatic bags carried on each flight stage by the stage distance. For ICAO statistical purposes freight includes express and diplomatic bags but not passenger baggage.
Aggregation method: Sum | <urn:uuid:62755600-28cc-4e7d-b141-1ec5242bae5d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.indexmundi.com/facts/indicators/IS.AIR.GOOD.MT.K1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00438-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.94181 | 900 | 3.140625 | 3 |
This activity book will help your child learn to use more complex word forms and clauses, and uncommon punctuation, ensuring they progress with grammar, punctuation and spelling while having fun. It focuses on developing these key skills, taught in school for Year 5, as part of the Key Stage 2 curriculum.
It is precisely matched to your child’s age to make sure it aligns with school expectations for their year, helping them fully achieve their potential.
Progress with Oxford has been created to help every child develop essential skills at home, with minimal help and support. Reminder boxes, tips and advice support children to become self-sufficient learners. A lively character accompanies them through the engaging activities, and fun stickers reward their work. A handy progress chart at the end of the book captures their achievements, so you both know what to do next. | <urn:uuid:72204e4d-3d92-416a-8064-cb7ac2756b27> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://home.oxfordowl.co.uk/product/progress-with-oxford-grammar-punctuation-and-spelling-age-9-10-9780192773104/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00671.warc.gz | en | 0.955917 | 193 | 3.390625 | 3 |
TTC Video - Discovering Your Roots | 6.8 GB
Few experiences in life are as enriching and rewarding as researching your family history. To trace your ancestral roots is to take part in an exciting detective story; one that asks you to rebuild the past from oral tradition, written records, and artifacts, such as family photographs.
Genealogy, however, is about more than just digging up the past. It’s a journey of self-discovery that can teach you as much about yourself as about those who came before you. After all, your ancestors’ story is your story as well. But most important: It’s a way for you to uncover and write one of the most important stories you could ever tell—one that’s unique to your individual life; one that no one else can tell; and one that you can pass down to future generations.
But there’s an obstacle that holds many of us back from unearthing our family history: uncertainty about how to go about it.
Which online resources and databases should you use—or trust?
How do you make your way through the tangles of public records out there?
How do you bring separate facts and events together into a complete story you can share with future generations?
With Discovering Your Roots: An Introduction to Genealogy, you’ll learn the same skills and methodologies the experts use to solve genealogical mysteries and create compelling nonfiction narratives about the past. In 15 engaging lectures, genealogist, writer, and lecturer John Philip Colletta shows you how to uncover information from the long-forgotten past in the most effective ways possible.
Maybe you’re working on a family tree. Maybe you’re writing a personal memoir. Maybe you’re just curious about how people rebuild history. Whatever your reasons, this lecture series is your chance to plunge into the past and start finding the life-changing insights about where you come from.
Learn the Tools of the Trade
“Genealogical inquiry is a progression from the known to the unknown,” remarks Dr. Colletta. “You always start with a few known facts that allow you to access the sources that will yield new facts. Then those new facts allow you to access other sources for more facts. And so on, further and further back in time.”
To help you navigate the winding road into your family’s past, Discovering Your Roots provides you with smart and savvy ways to find—and use—the most helpful online and print resources available today. These include the following:
Interviews with living relatives, who can often provide you with the names and events that will serve as the foundation for future research
U.S. population censuses, the single most important historical records for constructing American lineage
The Periodical Source Index (PERSI), an online index of 11,000 genealogy and local history periodicals from the mid-1800s to today
The National Archives and Records Administration, which holds millions of records documenting your ancestors’ dealings with U.S. government agencies
Passenger arrival records, which can help you recreate an ancestor’s voyage to America
Court records, including dockets, minutes, case files, and probate packets
You’ll also learn a practicing genealogist’s tools of the trade for working with these and other sources, as well as countless tips for making your own research more useful. You’ll discover
how to make your interview subjects more engaged and informative;
how to judge the reliability and veracity of the information you uncover; and
how to collect and organize your findings in family group sheets and pedigree charts.
Rebuild Your Ancestors’ Lives
<>Of course, genealogy is about more than just collecting facts. It’s about discovering the real lives and stories of your ancestors. In addition to showing you genealogical resources and methods, Discovering Your Roots reveals how you can flesh out your forebears’ lives and write engaging historical narratives that can inform and entertain family members or a more general audience. You’ll learn
seven steps for personalizing biographical facts by placing them in their historical context;
how to construct and narrate the timeline of an ancestor from birth to death;
four fundamental questions you need answers to before you start writing about your ancestors;
and much more.
Dr. Colletta incorporates hands-on activities into each lecture, offering applications for the skills you’re learning and also stimulating you to get started on your own genealogical detective work. And he also makes the journey personal—constantly illustrating the genealogical process with stories from his research into mysteries about his own family. Using documents and sources pertaining to his ancestors, he helps you develop a stronger sense of what records to look for and how to use them.
As one of America’s most popular genealogical lecturers, Dr. Colletta is a master of the field and a passionate instructor who has spent decades teaching students and laypeople about how to shed light on the past. His clients have included the National Park Service, the National Archives, and the Chicago Public Library, and his work has been recognized by several prestigious genealogical societies.
“Every discovery brings a new mystery to be solved,” notes Dr. Colletta. So grab that old photograph, sit down with an elderly relative, comb through old files and records, and prepare to embark on a personal adventure that can dramatically reshape how you think about your past—and yourself.
Interviewing Kin and Mining Home Sources
Genealogy Online—Gems and Junk
The Library—Shelves Full of Family History
Military Service and Homestead Records
How to Build Historical Context
Your Ancestors in Ship Passenger Lists
Your Ancestors in Naturalization Records
The Genealogical Proof Standard
Your Ancestors in the County Courthouse
Your Ancestors in State Records
How to Write Biography
Dos and Don’ts of Writing History
Searching in Your Ancestors’ Backyards
Assembling an Account of Your Discoveries
Extending Your Family Tree Overseas
More info: http://www.thegreatcourses.com/tgc/courses/course_detail.aspx?cid=9394
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TTC Video - Discovering Your Roots Fast Download via Rapidshare Hotfile Fileserve Filesonic Megaupload, TTC Video - Discovering Your Roots Torrents and Emule Download or anything related. | <urn:uuid:33a26f3a-dfd8-4ccf-8f6e-bd6a5199aa6f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.kugraphic.org/tutorial/216821-ttc-video-discovering-your-roots.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280900.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00003-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.827113 | 1,372 | 2.421875 | 2 |
Economic and Policy Analysis of Potential Deployment of Rural Broadband in Indiana
Wally Tyner, and
Issue Number: PAEPB-2018_12
Date: November 29, 2018
Tags: Rural broadband, rural electrification, benefit-cost analysis
Abstract: This policy brief projects the statewide net benefits that could be obtained from installation of rural broadband in all of the areas served by Rural Electric Member Cooperatives (REMC) in the State of Indiana. It also explains why despite the large projected net benefits, some form of policy intervention likely will be needed to achieve widespread rural broadband deployment.
Recommended citation: Grant, Alison, Wallace E. Tyner, and Larry DeBoer. “Economic and Policy Analysis of Potential Deployment of Rural Broadband in Indiana” Purdue AgEcon Policy Briefs (PAEPB-2018_12). Department of Agricultural Economics, Purdue University, November 29, 2018. Available at: https://ag.purdue.edu/agecon/Pages/PAEPB-2018_12.aspx
Related Full Reports:
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Information is a driver of growth and change in our 21st century economy, and information flows through the internet. Unfortunately, many of our rural communities lack access to broadband networks. This study quantifies the benefits and costs of extending broadband networks to rural Indiana. This analysis was done in three phases. The initial analysis that was done for the Tipmont Cooperative and contained detailed analysis of benefits and costs for rural broadband in their service territory. Then six additional Indiana REMCs were added, although with somewhat less precision than the original Tipmont analysis. On the basis of those results, the rural broadband net benefits were extrapolated to the State of Indiana. Finally, the federal and state revenue and tax implications for rural broadband deployment were estimated. Table 1 provides a summary of the benefit-cost metrics from the analysis. The benefit-cost ratios range from 2.97 to 4.09 for the seven REMCs. From a societal perspective, the rural broadband investment is clearly quite attractive. However, the anticipated revenue from customers would not be adequate to cover the total system costs (last column of table 1), so some form of assistance or policy intervention would be needed to incentivize the investments.
The sum of net present value of benefits for the seven cooperatives is $2,252,600,453. There are 92,726 members in these coops, so the net benefit per member is $24,293 (weighted average) for the seven cooperatives. Extrapolating the net benefits for these seven REMCs to the State, the total for the State of Indiana would be $11,976,222,899. In other words, the State of Indiana would receive about $12 billion in net benefits if the broadband investment were made statewide. That translates to $1.0 billion per year annuitized over 20 years at six percent interest rate. These net benefits are net of all investment and operating costs, and they accrue to households, businesses, and governments.
In addition to the benefit-cost analysis, this report also quantifies the additional State and Federal tax collections and cost savings that could happen with broadband investments in these seven REMCs. Table 2 summarizes the added federal and state tax collection and medical cost reductions that could result from the rural broadband investments. These tax/cost enhancements amount to $56.5 million in year three for the seven REMCs, or 27% of the total net benefits of $208 million. The shares should be similar for the duration of the broadband investment period.
These estimates are for the seven REMCs. Each year, added government revenues and cost savings would amount to about 27% of net benefits in the seven REMCs. The net benefits of broadband investment for the whole state of Indiana is about $12 billion, which translates to about $1.0 billion per year annuitized over 20 years at six percent interest rate. These net benefits include benefits that accrue to households, businesses, and to governments. If the rest of rural Indiana is like the seven cooperative service areas, then 27% of the $1.0 billion per year annualized total net benefit would be government revenue and health care cost savings, or $270 million per year. In terms of total net present value of benefits over a 20-year term, 27% of the $12 billion total is $3.24 billion of government revenue and health care cost savings. In other words governments stand to gain substantially from rural broadband investments reaping over a quarter of the total net benefits.
The major policy issue is that even though the estimated net benefits for the state are large, and about a quarter of the benefits accrue to federal and state governments, the cooperatives cannot capture enough benefits in the market place to warrant the rural broadband investments. The situation is somewhat analogous to rural electrification. In the 1930s, a very small fraction of rural households and businesses had electricity. Congress passed the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 which provided loans to rural electric cooperatives to deliver electricity to rural areas [1, 2]. The policy change was remarkably successful resulting in rural electrification at a rapid pace.
Rural areas are different from urban areas with respect to both rural electrification and rural broadband because the household density is much lower, and capital costs for providing service are much higher. In urban areas, the distance between houses may be 25 feet, whereas in rural areas, they can be 25 miles or more. That added distance between “drops” increases costs substantially. Markets would not provide these services in rural areas because the installation costs could not be recovered from the prices that could be charged. However, with federal loans to help cover the installation costs, rural electrification was achieved.
Congress has already recognized the importance of rural broadband with the passage of two laws in 2008 and 2014 [3, 4]. The 2008 Act made some provisions to support rural broadband telecommunications networks. The 2014 legislation provided for a pilot project for rural gigabit broadband networks. However, these limited legislative measures by themselves will not provide for widespread deployment of rural broadband. State and federal governments may want to consider other policy measures to help keep rural citizens from falling behind the “digital divide.”
- U. S. Congress, Rural Electrification Act of 1936, Public law 74-605. 1936: Washington, D.C.
- Wikipedia. Rural Electrification Act. 2018 [November 12, 2018].
- U. S. Congress, ‘Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008, Public law 110-246. 2008: Washington, D.C.
- U. S. Congress, Agricultural Act of 2014, Public law 113-79. 2014: Washington, D.C. | <urn:uuid:094c2127-8568-4b56-acc5-f6611c8886bd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sp2013.ag.itap.purdue.edu/agecon/Pages/PAEPB-2018_12.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573193.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818094131-20220818124131-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.946644 | 1,409 | 2.46875 | 2 |
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5 Students at boarding schools, patients in hospitals, residents of homes (e.g. retirement homes, homes for people with disabilities), and inmates of prisons are excluded from all supplementary surveys.
6 This supplementary survey was conducted in both urban and rural areas in all states and territories, but excluded persons living in Indigenous communities in very remote parts of Australia.
7 Women aged 15 years and over who had given birth to a child less than 2 years ago and were living with that child were included in the survey. The survey excluded:
8 In addition, for those women whose partner at the time of interview was not in scope of the survey (e.g. the partner was in the permanent defence forces), the details of the partner's job at November 2011 was not collected. For these partners, job details at November 2011 were classified as could not be determined.
9 In the LFS, coverage rules are applied which aim to ensure that each person is associated with only one dwelling and hence has only one chance of selection in the survey. See Labour Force, Australia (cat. no. 6202.0) for more details.
10 Supplementary surveys are not conducted on the full LFS sample. Since 1994 the sample for supplementary surveys has been restricted to no more than seven-eighths of the LFS sample.
11 The sample for PaETS is a subsample of 36,604 private dwelling households and special dwelling units included in the ABS Monthly LFS in November 2011. The final sample on which estimates are based is composed of 1,351 birth mothers aged 15 years and over, usually resident in these private and special dwellings in Australia, with at least one child less than 2 years of age living with them at the time of interview.
12 In cases where women had more than one child under the age of 2, data was collected in respect of the employment transitions of women around the birth of their most recent child (i.e. the youngest child).
RELIABILITY OF THE ESTIMATES
13 Estimates in this publication are subject to sampling and non-sampling error.
14 The estimates are based on information collected in the survey month (November) and, due to seasonal factors, may not be representative of other months of the year.
15 Country of birth data are classified according to the Standard Australian Classification of Countries (SACC), 2011 (cat. no. 1269.0).
16 From 2006, occupation data are classified according to the ANZSCO - Australian and New Zealand Standard Classification of Occupations, First Edition, Revision 1, 2009 (cat. no. 1220.0).
17 Also from 2006, industry data are classified according to the Australian and New Zealand Standard Industrial Classification (ANZSIC), 2006 (Revision 1.0) (cat. no. 1292.0).
18 Area data (Capital city, Balance of state/territory) are classified according to the Australian Standard Geographical Classification (ASGC), July 2011 (cat. no. 1216.0).
COMPARABILITY OF TIME SERIES
19 The Labour Force Survey estimates and estimates from the supplementary surveys, are calculated in such a way as to sum to independent estimates of the civilian population aged 15 years and over (population benchmarks). These population benchmarks are based on Estimated Resident Population (ERP) data. Generally, revisions are made to population benchmarks after each five-yearly Census of Population and Housing (Census), however, revisions were made to the population benchmarks from July 2011, to reflect revisions to ERP. For more details on population benchmarks, see the Explanatory Notes in Labour Force, Australia (cat. no. 6202.0) and for details about the revisions made, see the article in the September 2011 issue of Labour Force, Australia (cat. no. 6202.0).
20 Care should be taken when comparing results from the November 2011 Pregnancy and Employment Transitions survey to the November 2005 Pregnancy and Employment Transitions survey.
21 The November 2011 Pregnancy and Employment Transitions survey was redeveloped to better capture information on:
NOTES ON ESTIMATES
22 Paid Parental Leave (PPL) and Baby Bonus were only asked of women who either, worked in a job or business while pregnant, or, who had a job or business they were away from during their pregnancy and did not leave that job before the birth of their child.
23 Data relating to PPL was collected of approximately 42% of women with children aged under 2 years. This is due to a combination of when the PPL scheme was introduced, in January 2011, and the sample of the survey covering a range of women with a child under the age of 2 (child ages from 0-23 months). Women whose child was aged 12 months and over would not have been entitled to the PPL scheme, only entitled to receiving the Baby Bonus, pending eligibility requirements.
24 Women who were employees (excluding owner managers of incorporated enterprises (OMIEs)) have been are classified as 'With paid leave entitlements' if they were entitled to paid sick leave and/or paid holiday leave. In all other cases, employees have been classified 'Without paid leave entitlements'.
25 Full-time or part-time status in job while pregnant after change in hours are calculated on the hours reported by women immediately before stopping work for the birth of child. This item is presented in Tables 7, 8 and 11.
26 Other paid leave comprises of paid sick leave and any other type of paid leave, and other unpaid leave comprises of parental leave and any other type of unpaid leave.
27 Information about taking types of paid leave (paid maternity, paid holiday or long service leave) was collected for women who were employees (excluding OMIEs) in the job while they were pregnant, who were entitled to a type of paid leave. If women were not entitled to any sort of paid leave, information about unpaid leave for the birth of their child was collected.
28 Information was collected on any other paid leave taken for the birth of the child for women who were entitled to some sort of paid leave (paid maternity, paid holiday, long service leave or paid sick leave).
29 For all data items relating to personal income of women, partners and other household members, where women either did not know or refused to report:
30 For data items relating to combined income, for example 'Weekly income of women and partner' or 'Weekly household income', where women did not know or refused to report an individual case of income, then data for that item is classified as 'Refusal'.
31 Additionally for estimates relating to income, equivalised income and quintiles, responses that included a refusal or a loss of income, are excluded from these estimates.
OTHER ISSUES FOR ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
32 In analysing and interpreting the PaETS data, users should be aware that women may have difficulty in recalling the circumstances surrounding their employment over the course of a pregnancy (i.e. up to two years prior to interview). As the focus of the survey is women with at least one child less than two years old, some of the information, such as the age of the child when the woman began working after the birth, does not take account of the return to work circumstances of women, whose youngest child was born close to the time of interview, as they may not have returned to work.
PRODUCTS AND SERVICES
33 An electronic version of the tables released in this publication is available on the ABS website in spreadsheets (cat. no. 4913.0). The spreadsheets present the tables and the related relative standard errors (RSEs) for each publication table.
Confidentialised Unit Record File
34 It is expected that a confidentialised unit record file (CURF) will be produced from the Pregnancy and Employment Transitions survey subject to the approval of the Australian Statistician. The Expanded CURF will be accessible through the RADL and ABSDL. The CURF will be available in SAS, STATA and SPSS format. A full range of up-to-date information about the availability of ABS CURFs and about applying for access to CURFs is available via the ABS web site (see Services - CURF Microdata). For enquiries regarding CURFs, contact ABS Microdata Access Management Unit via email at email@example.com or telephone (02) 6252 7714.
35 ABS surveys draw extensively on information provided freely by individuals, businesses, governments and other organisations. Their continued cooperation is very much appreciated: without it, the wide range of statistics published by the ABS would not be available. Information received by the ABS is treated in strict confidence as required by the Census and Statistics Act, 1905.
36 ABS publications which may be of interest include:
37 Current publications and other products released by the ABS are available from the Statistics Page on the ABS website. The ABS also issues a daily Release Advice on the website which details products to be released in the week ahead.
These documents will be presented in a new window. | <urn:uuid:e2b7236c-932c-487c-b2df-6fa6eff6d554> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/Lookup/4913.0Explanatory%20Notes1Nov%202011?OpenDocument | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00470-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.962413 | 1,887 | 1.59375 | 2 |
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Electric Skateboard Deck Buying Guide
Posted on July 27, 2015
The beauty of building your own electric skateboard is CHOICE. Choosing your own deck has to be the single biggest reason people decide to build their own electric skateboard.
You might have an old school Christian Hosoi Hammer Head that you want to use, or you might want to build your own deck from scratch. The point is when building your own eboard you can.... you have the CHOICE.
But not all decks are suitable, here is a summary of things to pay attention to:
Concave - The curvature between the two sides (left-to-right) of the board. Concave helps hold your toe and heel in place, giving the rider more control of the electric skateboard. Concave locks your feet into your eboard deck while carving in and out of turns. When building an electric skateboard on a deck with a lot of concave you want to avoid having a wide component housing, as it won't sit flush beneath the deck. Long & skinny is better.
Camber - The amount of upward bend along the length of a skateboard deck between the two trucks. Because of camber, the riding platform is set higher than the truck mounts. Camber allows the rider to have more leverage for turns while riding the skateboard. On more flexible decks, camber ensures that the rider will sit at the same level with the trucks (rather than below them). Also, camber allows for boards to have a lot of flex without letting the deck touch the ground unexpectedly. Boosted boards made a really nice electric skateboard using a flexible deck with camber so its not impossible, but it just means you need to split the components apart, which adds to the cost of the build and complicates the build. It also lengthens the battery wires which can be a problem for some ESC.
Rocker - The Skateboard deck bends downward in a smooth arc (like a banana) so that the center of the board is below the trucks. Because of this arc, the nose and tail are “wedged”, allowing more turning in the front and rear trucks. Rocker is good for long distance pushing since now the deck is lower to the ground. This is also known to make for a comfortable freeride deck since it decreases the stress on your knees and ankles. These should be avoided as you don't want your expensive electronic stuff grinding across the ground.
“W” Concave - This is the concave that takes the shape of a “W” in your standing platform. The bump created is also referred to as a “dome”. This “dome” fits the arches of your feet giving you more control with your back foot. This can work really good for your eSk8, However the "W" profile will generally mean that the underside of the deck is not flat so mounting can be a problem. You will definitely need to screw or bolt your enclosure onto the deck, double sided tap won't work as the mounting surface is not flat.
Drop Deck - This form of deck involves an effective foot platform that is dropped to sit significantly below the truck level. The main advantage of the drop platform is that it can be lowered to barely clear the surface, although the actual deck height ultimately depends on the size of the wheels. The lower center of gravity creates more stability and causes less stress on the knees and lower back. These decks can work! But you need really slim components or large diameter wheels, probably both.
To learn more, check out this full article I wrote: What deck is best for building your own electric skateboard | <urn:uuid:36e4d856-2ef1-4614-87aa-28595c784f78> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.enertionboards.com/pages/electric-skateboard-deck-buying-guide/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280763.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00513-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.940631 | 833 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Opec crude output adequate to market: UAE
Daegu, South Korea, October 13, 2013
Opec's current crude production is "adequate to the market" and there is no talk of the group changing its output target of 30 million barrels per day (bpd) when it meets in December, the UAE's energy minister, Suhail bin Mohammed Al-Mazroui, said.
The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, which pumps more than a third of the world's oil, meets on December 4 in Vienna to decide whether to adjust its output target.
"There is no sign or something that we can tell you today to say we are increasing or decreasing the quota," Mazroui told Reuters in an interview, referring to the December meeting.
"But what is certain is we will ensure the market is well-supplied," he said on Sunday in the city of Daegu, about 300 km southeast of the South Korean capital and the venue of this week's World Energy Congress.
The UAE produced 2.7 million to 2.8 million bpd of crude last month, Mazroui said, but he declined to reveal this month's production level.
Opec's September output was the lowest since October 2011, when the group pumped 29.81 million bpd, according to Reuters surveys, and leaves supply a mere 70,000 bpd above its output target of 30 million bpd.
Opec again lowered the forecast demand for its crude in the fourth quarter and 2014 in a monthly report on Thursday, saying its production remained higher than next year's demand for its oil despite a plunge in Iraqi and Libyan output.
Asked about the current level of oil prices, Mazroui said around $100 a barrel was "fair and sustainable" for producers, and it did not harm the market.
Brent crude rose above $117 in August on the disruption of Libyan supply and the prospect of US military action against Syria. In the past four weeks it has ranged between $107 and $112 a barrel. - Reuters | <urn:uuid:57ce1038-7fc5-4250-bed7-0534293ecf3b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.tradearabia.com/news/OGN_244480.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280483.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00298-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96064 | 420 | 1.609375 | 2 |
|Height:||190 cm (6' 3'')|
|Birth Day:||July 3, 1906|
|Death Date:||Apr 25, 1972 (age 65)|
|Birth Place:||Saint Petersburg, Russia|
|Height:||190 cm (6' 3'')|
|Weight:||in kg - N/A|
As per our current Database, George Sanders died on Apr 25, 1972 (age 65).
He graduated from Manchester Technical College and worked at an advertising company.
In 1917, at the outbreak of the Russian Revolution, Sanders and his family moved to England. Like his brother, he attended Bedales School and Brighton College, a boys' independent school in Brighton, then went on to Manchester Technical College after which he worked in textile research.
Lloyds of London was a big hit and in November 1936, Fox placed Sanders under a seven-year contract.
David Niven wrote in Bring on the Empty Horses (1975), the second volume of his memoirs, that in 1937 his friend George Sanders had predicted that he would commit suicide from a barbiturate overdose when he was 65 and that in his 50s he had appeared to be depressed because his marriages had failed and several tragedies had befallen him.
On 27 October 1940, Sanders married Susan Larson (real name Elsie Poole). The couple divorced in 1949. From later that year until 1954, Sanders was married to Zsa Zsa Gabor, with whom he starred in the film Death of a Scoundrel (1956) after their divorce. On 10 February 1959, Sanders married Benita Hume, widow of Ronald Colman. She died in 1967, the same year Sanders's brother Tom Conway died of liver failure; Sanders had become distant from his brother because of his drinking problem. Sanders endured a further blow in the same year with the death of their mother Margarethe.
In July 1942, Fox suspended him for refusing the lead in The Undying Monster (1942). "I like to be seen in pictures that at least seem to be slightly worthwhile." In September they suspended him again for refusing an "unsympathetic role" in The Immortal Sergeant (he was replaced by Morton Lowry). In November, Fox and Sanders came to terms, with the studio offering him a raise in pay and the lead in a film, School for Saboteurs, which became They Came to Blow Up America.
In February 1943, Fox announced they were developing three film projects for Sanders - The Porcelain Lady, a murder mystery, plus biopics of the Earl of Suffolk and Bethune.
Two ghostwritten crime novels were published under his name to cash in on his fame at the height of his wartime film series. The first was Crime on My Hands (1944), written in the first person, and mentioning his Saint and Falcon films. This was followed by Stranger at Home in 1946. Both were written by female authors: the former was by Craig Rice, and the latter by Leigh Brackett.
In 1955 it was announced he would host and occasionally appear in The Ringmaster, a TV series about the circus. The series was never made. Instead Sanders was in "A Portrait of a Murderer" on The 20th Century-Fox Hour, a remake of Laura (1944), playing the role of Waldo Lydecker, made famous by Clifton Webb.
In 1958, Sanders recorded an album called The George Sanders Touch: Songs for the Lovely Lady. The album, released by ABC-Paramount Records, featured lush string arrangements of romantic ballads, crooned by Sanders in a fit baritone/bass (spanning from low to middle C), including "Such is My Love", a song he had himself composed. After going to great lengths to get the role, he appeared in the Broadway cast of South Pacific, but was overwhelmed with anxiety over the singing and quickly dropped out. His singing voice can be heard in The Strange Affair of Uncle Harry, Summer Storm and in Call Me Madam. He also signed on for the role of Sheridan Whiteside in the stage musical Sherry! (1967), based on Kaufman and Hart's play The Man Who Came to Dinner, but he found the stage production demanding and quit after his wife Benita Hume discovered that she had terminal bone cancer.
Sanders' autobiography Memoirs of a Professional Cad was published in 1960 and gathered critical praise for its wit. Sanders suggested the title A Dreadful Man for his biography, later written by his friend Brian Aherne and published in 1979. Sanders's last marriage on 4 December 1970 was to Magda Gabor, the elder sister of his second wife. This marriage lasted only 32 days after which he began drinking heavily.
Sanders guest starred in The Rogues, Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea, and Daniel Boone. He played an upper-crust English villain, G. Emory Partridge, in two episodes of The Man From U.N.C.L.E. in 1965, "The Gazebo in the Maze Affair" and "The Yukon Affair". He also portrayed Mr. Freeze in two episodes of the live-action TV series Batman, both shown in February 1966.
Sanders declared bankruptcy in 1966 due to some poor investments.
He had a supporting role in John Huston's The Kremlin Letter (1969), in which his first scene showed him dressed in drag and playing the piano in a gay bar in San Francisco. In 1969 he announced he was leaving show business.
On 23 April 1972, Sanders checked into a hotel in Castelldefels, a coastal town near Barcelona. He died of a cardiac arrest two days later after swallowing the contents of five bottles of the barbiturate Nembutal. He left behind three suicide notes, one of which read:
Sanders was born in Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire, at number 6 Petrovski Ostrov. His parents were Henry Peter Ernest Sanders (1868–1960), and Margarethe Jenny Bertha Sanders (née Kolbe; 1883–1967), who was born in Saint Petersburg, of mostly German, but also Estonian and Scottish, ancestry. A biography published in 1990 claimed that Sanders' father was the illegitimate son of a prince of the House of Oldenburg and a Russian noblewoman of the Tsar’s court, married to a sister of the Tsar. The actor Tom Conway (1904–1967) was George Sanders' elder brother. Their younger sister, Margaret Sanders, was born in 1912.
Sanders' ghost makes an appearance in Clive Barker's novel Coldheart Canyon (2001) as well as in the animated feature film Dante's Inferno (2007). In 2005, Charles Dennis played Sanders in his own play High Class Heel at the National Arts Club in New York City.
George was married four times and was in a relationship with Lorraine Chanel at the time of his death in 1972.
|#1||Tom Conway||Brother||$1 Million - $2 Million (Approx.)||N/A||62||Actor|
|#3||Susan Larson||Former spouse||N/A||N/A||N/A|
|#4||Zsa Zsa Gábor||Former spouse||$40 million (2016)||N/A||99||Actor|
|#5||Magda Gabor||Former spouse||$2 Million (Approx.)||N/A||81||Actor|
|#6||Benita Hume||Former spouse||$1 Million - $2 Million (Approx.)||N/A||61||Actor|
Currently, George Sanders is 116 years, 1 months and 5 days old. George Sanders will celebrate 117th birthday on a Monday 3rd of July 2023. Below we countdown to George Sanders upcoming birthday. | <urn:uuid:2094aeda-e502-4f50-8095-972bfc128a5f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.celeb-networth.com/george-sanders | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00466.warc.gz | en | 0.974377 | 1,762 | 1.546875 | 2 |
The Department of Tourism (DOT) pays tribute to the local tourism workers.
Asia has a lot to offer when it comes to tourism. But what makes a place stand out is the people who live there. Filipinos’ hospitality makes the Philippines a prime tourist destination. But tourism, especially sustainable tourism, takes a village. Everyone, from the locals to the tourists, has a part to play. That’s why the Department of Tourism (DOT) is highlighting the people at certain places.
This ad dedicated to the local tourism workers became the DOT’s most-watched TikTok video. When director Joe Limchoc came up with the concept, he decided he didn’t want to use drone shots. So he took a different approach. He chose to zoom in, so to speak.
“What makes it more fun in the Philippines are its people,” Limchoc said. “The bangkeros, the manongs, the tourist guides, and the waiters. So we wanted to highlight them.”
The video is a collaboration between various creatives. It aims to showcase the diversity of local talent. It featured original music scoring that included Pinoy ASMR touches. Such touches are crashing waves, footsteps on a forest floor, and traffic. The team layered T’boli instruments and vocals by Pinikpikan’s Carol Bello over those.
Fifty dancers executed the complex choreography seen in the video. Detailed airbrushed paintings by street art groups Gerilya and Pilipinas Street Art Plan. This is one of the most conceptual Philippine tourism commercials shot in a studio.
Former Tourism Secretary Berna Romulo-Puyat spearheaded the project. The DOT focused on providing for the Philippines’ greatest natural resource: our people.
Featured Image Daniella Sison | <urn:uuid:c809a735-6423-4974-b398-d15dd80a59ed> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://freebiemnl.com/life/travel/new-dot-campaign-says-the-people-make-the-destination/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00264.warc.gz | en | 0.941282 | 384 | 1.570313 | 2 |
- Version 0.2.1.19 | Release Date: 2009-07-29 | Download
- Add LIBS=-lrt to Makefile.am so the Tor RPMs use a static libevent.
- Version 0.1.2.19 | Release Date: 2008-01-20 | Download
Tor 0.1.2.19 fixes a huge memory leak on exit relays, makes the default exit policy a little bit more conservative so it's safer to run an exit relay on a home system, and fixes a variety of smaller issues.
- Security fixes:
- Exit policies now reject connections that are addressed to a relay's public (external) IP address too, unless ExitPolicyRejectPrivate is turned off. We do this because too many relays are running nearby to services that trust them based on network address.
- Major bugfixes:
- When the clock jumps forward a lot, do not allow the bandwidth buckets to become negative. Fixes bug 544.
- Fix a memory leak on exit relays; we were leaking a cached_resolve_t on every successful resolve. Reported by Mike Perry.
- Purge old entries from the "rephist" database and the hidden service descriptor database even when DirPort is zero.
- Stop thinking that 0.1.2.x directory servers can handle "begin_dir" requests. Should ease bugs 406 and 419 where 0.1.2.x relays are crashing or mis-answering these requests.
- When we decide to send a 503 response to a request for servers, do not then also send the server descriptors: this defeats the whole purpose. Fixes bug 539.
- Minor bugfixes:
- Changing the ExitPolicyRejectPrivate setting should cause us to rebuild our server descriptor.
- Fix handling of hex nicknames when answering controller requests for networkstatus by name, or when deciding whether to warn about unknown routers in a config option. (Patch from mwenge.)
- Fix a couple of hard-to-trigger autoconf problems that could result in really weird results on platforms whose sys/types.h files define nonstandard integer types.
- Don't try to create the datadir when running --verify-config or --hash-password. Resolves bug 540.
- If we were having problems getting a particular descriptor from the directory caches, and then we learned about a new descriptor for that router, we weren't resetting our failure count. Reported by lodger.
- Although we fixed bug 539 (where servers would send HTTP status 503 responses and send a body too), there are still servers out there that haven't upgraded. Therefore, make clients parse such bodies when they receive them.
- Run correctly on systems where rlim_t is larger than unsigned long. This includes some 64-bit systems.
- Run correctly on platforms (like some versions of OS X 10.5) where the real limit for number of open files is OPEN_FILES, not rlim_max from getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILES).
- Avoid a spurious free on base64 failure.
- Avoid segfaults on certain complex invocations of router_get_by_hexdigest().
- Fix rare bug on REDIRECTSTREAM control command when called with no port set: it could erroneously report an error when none had happened.
- Security fixes:
- Version 0.1.2.18 | Release Date: 2007-10-30 | Download
Release notes not available.
- Version 0.1.2.16 | Release Date: 2007-08-04 | Download
o Major security fixes:
- Close immediately after missing authentication on control port;
do not allow multiple authentication attempts.
- Version 0.1.2.14 | Release Date: 2007-05-24 | Download
Tor 0.1.2.14 changes the addresses of two directory authorities (this change especially affects those who serve or use hidden services), and fixes several other crash- and security-related bugs.
- Version 0.1.1.22 | Release Date: 2006-07-14 | Download
- No changes specified
Licence: BSD License | <urn:uuid:d5595127-8430-448a-8804-efeccae1df05> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://osx.iusethis.com/app/versions/tor | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719286.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00498-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.838531 | 882 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Coalbed methane extraction
Methane adsorbed into a solid coal matrix (coal macerals) will be released if the coal seam is depressurised. Methane may be extracted by drilling wells into the coal seam. The goal is to decrease the water pressure by pumping water from the well. The decrease in pressure allows methane to desorb from the coal and flow as a gas up the well to the surface. Methane is then compressed and piped to market.
The objective is to avoid putting methane into the water line, but allow it to flow up the backside of the well (casing) to the compressor station. If the water level is pumped too low during dewatering, methane may travel up the tubing into the water line causing the well to become "gassy". Although methane may be recovered in a water-gas separator at the surface, pumping water and gas is inefficient and can cause pump wear and breakdown.
Areas with CBM extraction
Tens of thousands of methane wells have been drilled, and extensive support facilities such as roads, pipelines, and compressors have been installed for CBM extraction in the Powder River Basin of northeast Wyoming and southeast Montana and now in India at West Bengal- Ranigunj, Panagarh etc. Seven percent of the natural gas (methane) currently produced in the United States comes from CBM extraction. Methane from coalbed reservoirs can be recovered economically, but disposal of water is an environmental concern.
There are also sites in Central Scotland at Letham Moss.
Most gas in coal is stored on the internal surfaces of organic matter. Because of its large internal surface area, coal stores 6 to 7 times more gas than the equivalent rock volume of a conventional gas reservoir. Gas content generally increases with coal rank, with depth of burial of the coal bed, and with reservoir pressure. Fractures, or cleats, within coal beds are usually filled with water. Deeper coal beds contain less water, but that water is more saline. Removing water from the coal bed reduces pressure and releases methane. Large amounts of water, sometimes saline brine, are produced from coalbed methane wells. The greatest water volumes are produced during the early stages of production. Environmentally acceptable disposal of brine is a major cost factor for economic methane production. Fresh water may be discharged on the surface, but brine is usually injected into rock at a depth where the salinity of the injected brine is less than connate fluids of the host rock. Evaporation of water for recovery of potentially salable solid residues might be feasible in regions having high evaporation rates.
Measuring the gas content of coal
Coal bed gas content measurements are commonly used in mine safety as well as coal bed methane resource assessment and recovery applications. Gas content determination techniques generally fall into two categories: (1) direct methods which actually measure the volume of methane released from a coal sample sealed into a desorption canister and (2) indirect methods based on empirical correlations, or laboratory derived sorption isotherm methane storage capacity data. Laboratory sorption isotherms provide information about the storage capacity of a coal sampleif these are measured under geological realistic pressure and temperature conditions. Thus, the maximum gas content which can be expected for methane recovery can be assessed from such laboratory isotherm measurements.
The total gas content by the indirect methods is based on the empirical formula given by Meinser and Kim. The quantity of gas is determined by Meisner and Kim formula with using the moisture content, volatile content, volume of methane adsorbed on wet coal, fixed carbon, thickness of coal and temperature.
Meinser (1984) observed that the amount of methane gas (VCH4) is related to volatile matter (daf).
VCH4 = −325.6 × log (V.M/37.8)
Estimation of in situ gas content of the coal will be evaluated by using Kim's (Kim 1977) equation
V = (100 −M − A) /100 × [ Vw /Vd ] [K(P)N - (b × T)]
V = Volume of methane gas adsorbed (cc/g)
M = Moisture content (%)
A = Ash content (%).
Vw/Vd = 1/(0.25 ×M + 1)
Vw = Volume of gas adsorbed on wet coal (cc/g)
Vd = Volume of gas adsorbed on dry coal (cc/g)
The values of K and N depend on the rank of the coal and can be expressed in terms of ratio of fixed carbon (FC) to Volatile matter(VM)
K = 0.8 (F.C /V.M) + 5.6 Where
F.C = Fixed carbon (%)
VM = Volatile matter (%)
N = Composition of coal (for most bituminous coals, N = (0.39 - 0.013 × K)
b =Adsorption constant due to temperature change (cc/g/◦C).
T = Geothermal Gradient × (h/ 100) + To
T = Temperature at given depth
To = Ground temperature
h = Depth (m)
Estimation of methane content in coal seams by Karol curve
In the absence measured methane content of coal beds, and production data from coal bed methane wells, gas content can be estimated using the Eddy curve. Eddy and others constructed a series of curves estimating maximum producible methane content of coal bed as a function of depth and rank.
The estimation of methane content of a coal bed is determined from the Eddy curve by locating the average depth of each coal seam on the depth axis. A normal line is extended upward from the depth axis (feet) to intersect the specific coal rank curves. A line from the point on the curve is extended normal to the lost and desorbed gas axis(cm3/gm). The intersection of the line and the axis is the estimated methane content of the coal seam.
Interpretation of Ash analysis
Ash is an important indicator of clastic input, derived from marine or fluvial deposition of clay, silt, and sand during peat development. Outcrop ash content appears to be less than ash content of subsurface samples. Lower ash contents of outcrop samples may be due to coal deposits being up dip and further away from a marine influence than samples down-dip. | <urn:uuid:79fe9f39-c5b4-4016-94ac-5b946a45a36d> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coalbed_methane_extraction | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718957.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00437-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.924919 | 1,337 | 3.78125 | 4 |
From troop + -er, from French troupe. The sense of “one who endures adversity” comes from trouper (“member of an acting troupe”) but through assimilation with the sense of “soldier” has come to be usually spelled “trooper”.
trooper (plural troopers)
- (military) A soldier of private rank in cavalry or armour. [from 1640]
- A cavalry horse; charger.
- A soldier.
- (Britain) A troopship.
- (US) A state trooper. [from 1911]
- (Australia) A mounted policeman. [from 1858]
- (figuratively, colloquial) One who endures adversity or hardship with an attitude of stoicism and persistence. [from 1959]
- Synonyms: survivor, tough cookie
- He was a real trooper about taking care of the kids for the weekend.
- 2005, Justin Watral, Firehouse 101 (page 272)
- Because his father and brothers were in the department, he had to be. She knew he was never really comfortable with the job but still he did it like a trooper.
- To work as a trooper.
- 2009, Dana Stabenow, Whisper to the Blood, →ISBN, page 153:
- Maybe I should quit troopering and hire on with Global Harvest.
- To work steadily at an unpleasant job without complaint.
- 2011, G. Robert Jones, Discard, →ISBN, page 111:
- Carrie handed out tools, helped hold a measuring tape, and troopered on where she could,
- 2013, C.A. McJack, Fate's Twisted Circle - Volume 2, →ISBN, page 120:
- But she troopered on, plastering a smile on her face and giving her a warm greeting and inwardly reminded herself that Ms. Madeleine was of no threat to her, as if she had a fear of Jack-in-the-boxes.
- “trooper” in the Canadian Oxford Dictionary, Second Edition, Oxford University Press, 2004.
- Douglas Harper (2001–2022), “troop”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
- Douglas Harper (2001–2022), “troupe”, in Online Etymology Dictionary. | <urn:uuid:7c55da96-efa3-4b40-a394-6345c918a000> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/trooper | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573029.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817153027-20220817183027-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.870425 | 564 | 2.796875 | 3 |
Govt. asks states to formulate plans for biomass co-firing in power plants
Recently, the Ministry of Power has asked the states to prepare a plan for biomass co-firing in power plants.
- The objective of the scheme is to prepare a time bound plan for ensuring use of biomass for co-firing in thermal power plants.
- The ministry has asked to prepare this plan before the Kharif crop season. This will help in controlling the activities of stubble burning and will also help in reducing air pollution.
- Earlier, in October 2021, the government had issued a policy for the use of agricultural waste based biomass. Under this, five to seven percent biomass co-firing with coal was made mandatory in all thermal power plants.
- The Ministry of Power also launched the ‘SAMARTH’ (Sustainable Agrarian Mission on use of Agro Residue in TPPs – SAMARTH) mission in the year 2021 to utilize biomass in thermal power plants. Here SAMARTH stands for Sustainable Agriculture Mission on the use of agricultural residues in thermal power plants.
Biomass co-firing refers to the combustion of coal as well as biomass in coal-fired power plants.
Types of co-firing
- Direct Co-firing: In this, biomass and coal are burnt in the same furnace.
- Indirect co-firing: In this, solid biomass is converted into clean fuel gas using a biomass gasifier.
- Parallel Co-firing: A biomass boiler is installed completely separate in addition to the conventional boiler.
Importance of Biomass Co-firing:
- It reduces greenhouse gas emissions,
- It ensures additional income for the farmers,
- Coal-fired power plants can be retrofitted quickly and at a low cost,
- It uses only the existing network of coal plants.
Source – The Hindu | <urn:uuid:7af64ca9-d6dc-49f5-b8ae-1a97b7776318> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://youthdestination.in/biomass-co-firing-in-power-plants/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.932088 | 402 | 3.34375 | 3 |
MOSCOW - Education reform implemented in Russia will affect Jurgis Baltrusaitis Secondary School, the only public school in Russia, where the Lithuanian language is taught.As reported by ELTA, it is not ruled out that after merging it with a Russian school, its name will be changed and will not be dedicated anymore to one of the first Lithuanian diplomats in Russia, Jurgis Baltrusaitis.In 1992, the Lithuanian primary school Saltinelis was founded under the patronage of the Lithuanian Embassy in Russia. Later it became a secondary school.For 20 years the school has been maintai...
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Cheese is alive, and alive with meaning. Heather Paxson's beautifully written anthropological study of American artisanal cheesemaking tells the story of how craftwork has become a new source of cultural and economic value for producers as well as consumers. Dairy farmers and artisans inhabit a world in which their colleagues and collaborators are a wild cast of characters, including plants, animals, microorganisms, family members, employees, and customers. As "unfinished" commodities, living products whose qualities are not fully settled, handmade cheeses embody a mix of new and old ideas about taste and value. By exploring the life of cheese, Paxson helps rethink the politics of food, land, and labor today.
In Greece, women speak of mothering as "within the nature" of a woman. But this durable association of motherhood with femininity exists in tension with the highest incidence of abortion and one of the lowest fertility rates in Europe. In this setting, how do women think of themselves as proper individuals, mothers, and Greek citizens? In this anthropological study of reproductive politics and ethics in Athens, Greece, Heather Paxson tracks the effects of increasing consumerism and imported biomedical family planning methods, showing how women's "nature" is being transformed to meet crosscutting claims of the contemporary world. Locating profound ambivalence in people's ethical evaluations of gender and fertility control, Paxson offers a far-reaching analysis of conflicting assumptions about what it takes to be a good mother and a good woman in modern Greece, where assertions of cultural tradition unfold against a backdrop of European Union integration, economic struggle, and national demographic anxiety over a falling birth rate.
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- DAISY Audio - Similar to the Daisy 3.0 option above; however, this option uses MP3 files created with our text-to-speech engine that utilizes Ivonas Kendra voice. This format will work with Daisy Audio compatible players such as Victor Reader Stream and Read2Go. | <urn:uuid:14ff27f4-f93a-47ca-98f2-aa4cf678f499> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.bookshare.org/browse/author?resultsView=LIST&key=Heather%20Paxson | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280065.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00548-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.91982 | 663 | 2.359375 | 2 |
All OT’s love beading and threading games!
This particular activity is great as it can be used for children of various ages and skill development stages.
For the younger child, sorting the beads by colour or shape and building block towers with the cube beads are valuable activities to promote task organisation, matching and basic concept development (shape and colour). The beads could also be used as counters for entry level addition and subtraction.
For the slightly more skilled child, threading the beads onto the string supports the development of a number of other skills:
- Using both hands together (bilateral integration)
- Refined eye-hand coordination
- Refined pincer grasp
- In hand manipulation
- Fine motor planning
- Creativity – if they are encouraged to create their own designs or patterns with the beads.
- Copying and sequencing skills – if they choose to follow the designs on the pattern cards
- 20 Activity Cards
- 108 beads in 6 colours (red, yellow, orange, blue, green and purple)
- 2 – 36” black laces with 1” plastic tips
- Activity Guide
Beads measure 2cm x 1cm each approx.
Card measures 28 x 10.5 approx. | <urn:uuid:f51851d1-e7f5-417c-9a54-a735a868aa5f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.sensationalkids.ie/product/beads-and-pattern-card-set/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570913.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809064307-20220809094307-00067.warc.gz | en | 0.899914 | 263 | 3.25 | 3 |
And my (nearly) final conclusion was: “every society can be judged, from how it creates and treats it’s mad”.
Then I thought: feminists have rightly criticized the word ‘treat’ – and the idea, which is implied, that women are not part of the society. Because the original statement implies, that the society is male and women are external to it, some kind of ‘objects’ – to which the male-society relates: men ‘treat’ women.
There is already so much wrong expressed in these words. I always hated when men said “I treat my wife/girlfriend really well”. I usually have a feeling that they are talking about a dog, who should feel privileged. – All of these thoughts and ideas swam, or rather, rocketed through my head while I was making the steps upwards.
The next thought was: ‘judged’ is the wrong expression. I asked, who am I to judge? Or who are supposed to be the judges according to the original statement? Are they not part of the society? What makes them either outsiders or superior beings, above everyone else, and independent?
I concluded quickly: instead of ‘judged’ I could say: “Every society has it’s own typical way of ‘treating’ and creating it’s women and it’s mad.” Societies create role models for women and they use various methods to force the individual women to conform to these female images. Societies also create their own concepts of ‘normality’ and ‘madness’, and they offer typical mad-roles.
I started to laugh. Because at this point, I realised, it was not only self-evident, it was banal!Of course it has. It also has it’s own way of creating male roles, children-roles, cities and hierarchies, customs and memories. Nothing seemed more obvious, I thought, and felt ridiculous for thinking about the whole subject. I arrived in front of my flat, opened the door, said a loud hello to my kids, and shut my brain.
(I wrote this piece sometimes in the 1990’s when I had three small children and I was working as a mental health social worker in Central London. We were living on the 2nd floor of a large Council building so all these thoughts went through my head during the 2 minute it took to walk up from the ground floor to our flat.) | <urn:uuid:9bab7309-0906-44e7-81fb-69934e1cc716> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://iripsukram.wordpress.com/category/reflection/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573908.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820043108-20220820073108-00271.warc.gz | en | 0.97805 | 538 | 2.09375 | 2 |
The sepoy lines in Barrackpore were quiet during the afternoon of March 29 in 1857. Most of the sepoys were lounging around, and the white officers were in their bungalows enjoying their siesta before preparing to go out with their families to attend evensong. Nobody anticipated that the serenity was about to be disrupted and history about to be made.
In the late afternoon, a sepoy of the 34th Native Infantry, wearing his regimental jacket but in a dhoti instead of the regulation trousers, appeared before the quarter-guard. It was obvious that he was greatly agitated. He had with him a loaded musket and his talwar. He belonged to the 5th company and his name was Mangal Pandey. He strode around in the quarter-guard, shouting to his comrades. He asked the bugler to sound the assembly and yelled at his comrades to join him: 'Come out, you b**********, the Europeans are here! Why aren't you getting ready? It's for our religion! From biting these cartridges we shall become infidels. Get ready! Turn out, all of you! You have incited me to do this and now you b**********, you will not follow me!'
This kind of open insolence was not common among sepoys, and a naik quickly carried the report of Mandal Pandey's disorderly conduct to Sergeant-Major James Hewson. The naik, in his report to his white superior officer, added that Mangal Pandey was under the influence of bhang.
In a few minutes, Hewson was dressed and was at the parade ground. He summoned the jemadar of the company and demanded to know why the sepoy had not been arrested. The jemadar explained his helplessness, 'What can I do?' he said. 'The naik has gone to the adjutant. The havildar is gone to the field officer. Am I to take him myself?'
Hewson ordered him to fall in his guard with loaded weapons. Hewson later recalled that some of the men grumbled and that the jemadar did not insist on the men falling in or loading. As the sergeant-major approached Mangal Pandey, the latter took aim and fired. The ball missed Hewson who took shelter behind the bell-of-arms (a bell-shaped building where weapons were stored). A couple of sepoys tried to persuade Mangal Pandey to surrender his weapons. By this time, the adjutant, Lieutenant Baugh had arrived on horseback. The incident was now poised to take an even more dramatic turn.
Baugh galloped into the quarter-guard shouting, 'Where is he? Where is he?' He was warned by Hewson, 'To your left! Ride to the right, Sir, for your life. The sepoy will fire at you!'
Mangal Pandey did exactly that and hit Baugh's horse, which collapsed. Baugh extricated himself, drew one of his pistols from the saddle holster and ran towards Mangal Pandey who was reloading his musket. Baugh fired from around 20 yards and missed. He then drew his sword and rushed towards the sepoy. According to Baugh's recollection, he had proceeded about halfway when Mangal Pandey drew his talwar. Baugh looked back to see where his horse was as he wanted to get his other pistol but the animal had wandered off. He decided to engage the sepoy and he was joined by Hewson, sword in hand.
Baugh, in his turn, had received a cut on his left hand, which disabled it. He had another deep cut on his neck and a gash on the back of his head from a musket butt. More serious harm to Baugh and Hewson was prevented by Sheikh Paltu, a Muslim sepoy, who held Mangal Pandey by his waist while the British officers escaped from what could have been their deaths. The saviour of Baugh and Hewson released Mangal Pandey only when members of the quarter-guard threatened to shoot him if he did not let go of Mangal Pandey.
The commanding officer of the 34th Native Infantry, Steven Wheler, now appeared in the parade-ground. He ordered the jemadar to arrest the defiant sepoy.
The jemadar replied. 'The men won't go.' Wheler repeated the order twice and the jemadar told his men to advance. They proceeded a few paces, stopped and refused to go any further. Wheler realized the futility of trying to enforce his order.
He later told the court of inquiry: Someone, a native in undress, mentioned to me that the sepoy in front [was] a Brahmin, and that no one would hurt him. I considered it
a useless sacrifice of life to order a European officers, with the guard, to seize him, as he would no doubt have picked off the European officers, without receiving any assistance from the guard itself. I then left the guard, and reported the matter to the Brigadier.
By now the news of the commotion in the parade ground had reached Major-General John Hearsey who commanded the Presidency Division. The news was brought to him by a lieutenant whose hands and clothes were partly covered in blood.
Hearsey called his two sons, who were officers of native infantry regiments, and the three of them left immediately for the parade ground.
Someone warned, 'His musket is loaded,' to which Hearsey's retort was 'Damn his musket!' His elder son called out to him, 'Father, he is taking aim at you.' General Hearsey's reply to his son was, 'If I fall, John, rush upon him and put him to death.'
Hearsey then rode up to the quarter-guard. He pointed his pistol at the jemadar and said, 'The first man who refuses to march when I give the word is a dead man. Quick march!' He then went towards Mangal Pandey; the guard followed while his sons covered the jemadar with their pistols. It was now Mangal Pandey's turn to act.
This is what he did, in the words of Hearsey: It appeared the mutineer had suddenly altered his mind, I suppose seeing there was no chance of escape. He turned the musket muzzle towards his own breast hurriedly, touching the trigger with his toe. The muzzle must have swerved, for the bullet made a deep graze, ripping up the muscles of the chest, shoulder and neck, and he fell prostrate; we were on him at once.
The guard calling out: 'He has shot himself.'
One could say that as Mangal Pandey left the parade ground for the hospital, he moved away from history into myth. He did not die of his wounds. He was tried. The verdict was a foregone conclusion. He was hanged a few days later, on April 8. His actions created a name for the mutinous sepoys of 1857: the British officers called them Pandies.
Excerpted with the publisher's permission from Mangal Pandey: Brave Martyr or Accidental Hero? by Rudrangshu Mukherjee, Penguin India, Rs 150.Want to buy this book? Click here! | <urn:uuid:1acadce6-d377-41c3-8d1d-a970986d9c66> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://in.rediff.com/movies/2005/aug/15mangal.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279489.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00007-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.990597 | 1,528 | 2.25 | 2 |
Via Google Blog
Read the entire article here.Today is the first page in a new chapter of our mission to improve access to the cultural and educational treasures we know as books. Google eBooks will be available in the U.S. from a new Google eBookstore. You can browse and search through the largest ebooks collection in the world with more than three million titles including hundreds of thousands for sale. Find the latest bestsellers like James Patterson’s Cross Fire and Jonathan Franzen’s Freedom, dig into popular reads like Laura Hillenbrand’s Unbroken and catch up on the classics like Great Expectations, A Tale of Two Cities and Gulliver’s Travels.We designed Google eBooks to be open. Many devices are compatible with Google eBooks—everything from laptops to netbooks to tablets to smartphones to e-readers. With the new Google eBooks Web Reader, you can buy, store and read Google eBooks in the cloud. That means you can access your ebooks like you would messages in Gmail or photos in Picasa—using a free, password-protected Google account with unlimited ebooks storage.You can discover and buy new ebooks from the Google eBookstore or get them from one of our independent bookseller partners: Powell’s, Alibris and participating members of the American Booksellers Association. You can choose where to buy your ebooks like you choose where to buy your print books, and keep them all on the same bookshelf regardless of where you got them.When Google Books first launched in 2004, we set out to make the information stored in the world’s books accessible and useful online. Since then, we’ve digitized more than 15 million books from more than 35,000 publishers, more than 40 libraries, and more than 100 countries in more than 400 languages. | <urn:uuid:e284a061-0148-4812-a42b-a8450eb7f946> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://blog.prathambooks.org/2010/12/google-ebookstore-is-now-live.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280221.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00236-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.890341 | 382 | 1.789063 | 2 |
Major Problems Facing the
United States in the 20th Century
Should or can Americans agree on what are
American values, principles, and national priorities?
Should there be one common culture that all
Americans are expected to share and identify with?
How can local, state, and federal governments support
and protect the "public interest" from the selfish,
greedy hands of special interest groups?
Can the federal government solve social and economic
problems such as poverty, alcohol abuse, racism, crime
and violence, and moral decline?
Should local, states, and federal governments be
responsible for protecting and improving the social
welfare of Americans, such as guaranteeing all
Americans a decent education, a decent job, a moral
society, and strong families?
Is increasing inequality between the rich and the
poor a threat to America's middle-class society?
Is the growing economic gap between the very rich
and the poor
threatening American democracy
Are dominant national corporations a threat
to American democracy and our free enterprise
Can America survive as a nation of immigrants or
should America insist on all Americans sharing a
common culture and common national identity?
Should America become an Empire and try to
impose its value on other peoples and nations? | <urn:uuid:8c38566e-c712-4ef2-a4ec-c770e667e34d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.colorado.edu/AmStudies/lewis/2010/prob19th.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280065.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00543-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.891444 | 262 | 2.671875 | 3 |
I'm coming to realise that when you start talking about how women are different from men you open yourself up to all kinds of problems. I've been trying to figure out the reasoning behind women's reluctance to criticise the pill in any way larger than sharing concerns between friends. As part of my figuring I've naively wandered into a trap that could undermine my motivation here. Still reading Faludi's 'Backlash' I came across this statement that brought clarity to an idea I suppose I've been kicking around already without noticing.
"Examining gender differences can be an opportunity to explore a whole network of power relations - but so often it just becomes an invitation to justify them."
I see that talking about how women have a different biology to men, and particularly that they have hormone cycles that effect their moods can be seized upon as support for ideas that I don't believe in at all. Ideas that categorise women as frail, weak, irrational - handicapped by their biology. If you emphasise the importance of the uterus and ovaries too much, it can be taken to be suggesting women are ruled by these organs. Even if you're positive about the hormone cycle and the good it can bring, rather than discussing it negatively, you are still seen to be bolstering the historically destructive understanding that women are irrational, where men are rational and women are ruled by the body, where men have the mind. Even suggesting women have instincts, or that they can be more creative, or more productive, at certain times is easily misconstrued.
'Backlash' discusses one writer Carol Gillagan whose 'In A Different Voice' was attacked for bolstering arguments that independence and freedom were inherently unhealthy states for women. Another writer, Dr Toni Grant claimed 'Biology is destiny,' creating a thesis that somewhat accidently backed up the long-standing belief that feminism had led to professionalism which had in turn led to psychosis.
I can see now why women tread so carefully around the issue of the pill. There's a fear of drawing attention to the action of the pill and the problems it might cause when everything bound up with that is so complex. Much effort has gone into playing down the differences between men and women in order to get women an equal standing. I'm not saying women have had to pretend to be men, I'm not even sure how comfortable I am with the dichotomy of what being a 'man' is and what being a 'woman' is, only that we've had to keep quiet on certain issues so as to not reopen an already battered can of worms.
Perhaps it's that women know that the reason doctors doubt them when they complain of panic attacks and anxiety when taking the pill is that those doctors, and society in general, believe being 'emotional' is intrinsic to being female.Complaints about feeling 'out of control' of our emotions are therefore not taken seriously as it's presumed we always feel that way. Like that idea that women are masochistic that I spoke of in an earlier post, there's also this connecting idea that we are all, always miserable. This oppressive assumption - everywhere once you start looking - stops women recognising the negative impact the pill often has on their well being, as much as it stops doctors believing that the pill can have such an impact.
I've heard a couple of interesting comments recently regarding men's moods. New research is showing that men experience cyclical moods in a similar way to women. I'd be interested to find out more about that, although I don't think it needs to be scientifically proved in order for what I'm saying here to have justification. If women weren't taking the pill, I'd think it was absolutely fine for them to go ahead and ignore their monthly cycles and forget they even exist for three weeks out of four. But as many of them are taking the pill I think it's important they are aware of what their body would naturally be doing otherwise. That way they can decide if they want to use this kind of contraception and realise when it's making them unwell. I don't think women should be hiding what's going on every fourth week either - it just would be healthier if we consider other ways of preventing pregnancy.
In fact, no whitewashing here - it's been six weeks since I stopped taking the pill and the first signs of my body rumbling back to life have not been much cause for celebration. It feels more like the first party an alcoholic has to attend after giving up the drink. A test of my will. I have had a pain in my side for two days straight which I am taking to mean ovulation and not appendicitis. My skin and hair have taken a downturn for the worse, with testosterone levels picking up rapidly the confusion seems to have sparked off a sebum production frenzy. Now, I should and will welcome a major decline in attractiveness for the time that my body takes to work out what the hell is going on, considering it comes with a lack of extreme emotional upheaval. However, I can't help looking back slightly fondly to my beautifully clear Yasmin-induced no-testosterone-whatsoever skin. See, it's a tough enough fight for me.
My libido is slowly stumbling upwards, like someone woken suddenly in the middle of the night. It's pretty fascinating to physically experience all the stuff I've been writing about. If you think of the skin and hair situation in marketing terms it's like this useful, reinforcing by-product of the pill. We all associate clear skin and glossy hair with good health. When first coming off the pill, everything is going haywire and you might start thinking, 'Oh, I naturally have bad skin and dull hair...bugger that,' but it will pass once it all gets realigned. Meanwhile, I'm seeing first hand the pill's power by seeing what happens when that's taken away.
Even though I'm reading a lot about the ovulation cycle I still don't feel particularly inclined to make a song and dance out of getting my period, or even try practicing fertility awareness. However I get that this cycle effects a whole lot of other bodily functions that I need to be working properly to feel good and think straight - in drawing attention to the effect of the pill, I'm not drawing attention to just the reproductive organs - I'm drawing attention to my brain too - they work together and are not at war, as the Victorians believed. I've heard that the hormone cycle is like the sleep cycle, and that messing with it is just as unhealthy as sleeping just two hours a day or not sleeping for three days at a time regularly, for years. Seeing as both men and women sleep, I like that analogy.
The pill has become a byword for women's liberation, but that liberation is a process that has proven much more complicated, and still ongoing. I don't think we are near achieving what is necessary yet. The association between the pill and liberation has put a lid on the matter, as though after the pill's release, the entire problem was solved. That's not true. I think if we knock the pill off the pedestal we might get further, faster. | <urn:uuid:54acffda-f8f2-4438-970d-2626888573af> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://sweeteningthepill.blogspot.com/2009/10/muted.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283689.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00348-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.979429 | 1,464 | 1.726563 | 2 |
After the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 A.D., Europe has been besieged by waves of invasion from tribes of peoples such as Goths, Ostrogoths, Visigoths, Vandals, Angles, Saxons, Lombards, Suebi, Frisii, Jutes, Franks, Huns, Cumans, Avars, Bulgars, Alans, Moors, Mongolians, Khazars, Tatars, Vikings, Normans, to name a few, who brought war and pillage across Europe from 376 to 800 A.D.
These attacks were followed by the bloody incursions and invasions of the Ottoman Empire in various European countries for several centuries in their quest to establish the sought-after Caliphate. The Crusades were the logical Christian reaction to defend their faith, territories, and way of life.
Romanians fought against and pushed back the Turks and their rule for centuries and eventually paid tribute in gold and lost lives to the Ottoman Empire. The most prominent defender of Romanian territory against the Ottoman invasion was the famous Vlad Tepes.
French and Italian scholars viewed this part of history as catastrophic; it followed the destruction of the great Roman civilization which was replaced in the West with a period they termed the “Dark Ages” because it “set Europe back a millennium.” German and English scholars saw this invasion as replacing the “tired, effete, and decadent Mediterranean civilization with a more virile, martial, Nordic one.” German and Slavic historians used the term ‘migration.’ (Halsall, Guy (2006), “The Barbarian invasions”, in Fouracre, Paul, The New Cambridge Medieval History, Vol. 1: c. 500 – c. 700, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-36291-1)
This brings us to the current orchestrated mass invasion of Muslim “refugees” across the senescent continent of Europe which needs an infusion of new and virile blood from the Middle East and north Africa. These single young men of military age are quite willing to install the promised Caliphate across Europe and are not shy in their overt (but media-covered) effort to rape, pillage, and destroy across civilized society.
Secular Europe has a problem with continuing to exist by not having enough babies and is committing willful demographic suicide sped up by the politics of the European Union technocrats who are eager to have global governance under the U.N. umbrella.
It seems that one Romanian young man, Ionuț Sabău, has what it takes to defend his country, his family, and his way of life from the Muslim “refugee” social engineering plan. Non-governmental organizations have been preparing this flood of male humanity (if we can be so kind to men who behave like savages) with money from billionaire donors and socialist governments interested in changing the demographic face of old Europe.
Bill Still reported that “In early January, 28 year-old Ionuț Sabău found out that the Association Freres Romania (an NGO), in partnership with the Ministry for Internal Affairs was planning to make a ‘refugee’ center in the neighborhood of the small town of Ardud, in Satu Mare county.” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LcMcFmNdFvA
Ionuț Sabău, who had worked and lived in Paris in a prominently Muslim neighborhood, gathered 200 signatures and petitioned the local government to stop the planned settlement; the mayor set up a meeting with the prefect, the representative of the local government.
Ionuț Sabău told the prefect bluntly that he does not agree with this migration in any shape or form based on the simple fact that he wants his family safe from harm; he wants his children to be able to go to school and his wife and children to walk the streets alone safely. This is a small village (5,000 inhabitants) where children are not bussed to school, they walk.
“We don’t care what the law says or what the state says, we do not agree. We are disposed to use violence and we want everyone to know that.” The prefect responded, “Please don’t talk about doing justice yourself. There are institutions for that.” Sabău rejoined, “I understand, but our children must also grow up in safe and optimal conditions and we don’t want a situation like in Western Europe where people are afraid to let children go to school alone or leave our wives alone in the streets. We don’t want any of that here! Under no circumstance! This is not an issue of defending the Romanian state as a whole, we are simply defending our own families.” https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=5cw-8OT-EWc#t=116
Following the hearing, the Freres Romania Association, an NGO, canceled the project of resettling the Muslim refugees in a Christian country and culture that is totally alien to the Islamic faith and theocratic culture. http://breizatao.com/2016/02/03/roumanie-des-villageois-salues-en-heros-pour-setre-revoltes-contre-un-plan-secret-de-lue-visant-a-installer-des-migrants/
If only the men in the EU countries that have already been invaded and their lives violently disrupted would get half of this man’s courage!
Leaving aside the facts of who caused the Arab Spring and who financed this massive invasion, true war refugees can best be helped in countries that share their own culture and faith and provide safe-haven for their families. If these people are bona fide war refugees, young men of military age should stay in their home-countries and fight the enemy instead of fleeing like cowards and leaving women, children, and old people behind to suffer. | <urn:uuid:f9ba93a4-9f54-444b-83d5-891b91653bfe> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://ileanajohnson.com/2016/02/ionut-sabau-a-hero-for-europeans/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573908.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820043108-20220820073108-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.952533 | 1,287 | 2.71875 | 3 |
A DAY IN THE LIFE OF A TOURNAMENT DIRECTOR
I always tell my staff that 90 per cent of the success of a golf tournament is the course marking. Making sure that happens is a lot of hard work! As a tournament director, I’m in charge of making sure that everyone plays under equitable conditions. So I set up the golf course for the players and mark the course the way I want it to be played. Golf is a complicated game as far as rulings are concerned. If a golf course is not marked well, then you have trouble.
Normally we come in three days before the event starts, get the whole course marked, get yardages (the various distances the players play right from the tee or the first or second shot) for the players done. I work very closely with Tim Denham, the golf course superintendent.
Then we make sure there’s not too much water on the fairway or too less. The conditioning of the course, pin placement, time sheet, referee, ruling… all this is part of the job. We are usually here an hour-and-a-half before the tournament starts. The McLeod Russel Tour Championship should start off by 7.30am, so we’ll be here at 6am to make sure things are okay. In the morning, we make sure there’s no dew on the grass and that the grass is cut fine.
Fortunately, the course has been shut down so it’s very easy for me. Otherwise if members play, it’s difficult. We set up the course such that it’s neither too easy for the player nor too difficult. The pace of play — the amount of time a player takes to play a shot — is a continuous issue on any golf course. We usually want to finish a game in four-and-a-half hours. But then on the course you can lose balls… a lot of rulings can come in… so a game can get delayed. Technically, you’re allowed 50 seconds and then 40 seconds for the second player to play each shot. But if it goes on for more than a minute, then it gets irritating. That’s where we step in to make sure everyone’s on track.
— Sampath Chari, tournament director, PGTI
BEHIND THE SCENES
Like everything else in life, a lot happens behind the scenes. Right from the collateral that is printed to the decor that is put up, the distribution of gifts, trophies won, the cuisine that is savoured to the actual entertainment — everything has to have added value so that it becomes an experience… a
quality 360-degree product. We started planning for the McLeod Russel Tour Championship a year ago. You might think a tournament is say eight months away but time flies. One of the biggest things is to visualise the event as a guest and being a player has helped. From the time a player reaches, to where he parks his car, what happens at the registration, what he wears in the locker room, how he follows the direction signage... there has to be a smooth flow.
Ask any Indian player and for him to have arrived in golf is to have won at RCGC. Brand Royal has never got its due. The course can be a great tourist plug being the oldest golf course in the world outside the British Isles. It would be on the bucket list of most golfers in the world. It’s time that the Royal gets its due.
— Brandon de Souza,runs BDMS, part of the management of the tournament
|(L-R) Sayeed Sanadi, Sonali Vij, Brandon de Souza and Robin Corner
THE ROYAL STEP TO PUT GOLF BACK ON THE MAP
Till 1999, there used to be a major tournament every year in golf. For the last decade or so, we’ve only had very small events, especially after ITC withdrew their sponsorship for sports. After that there have been no tournaments in Calcutta. Thereafter McLeod has come forth. The McLeod Russel Tour Championship will change the way people here perceive golf. Being a big-ticket championship, it will make people and sponsors look at Calcutta and the Royal as another venue. This is what we used to be known for. McLeod also wanted Royal as a partner.
Another thing I must mention is how the club has come forward to help. The members have been very kind — the course was closed 10 days before the tournament. None of the members have been able to play but no one has been complaining. The course is being prepared to bring it to top-notch condition. The tournament will help showcase the club and the players who are coming down for the game and everyone is already talking highly about it. We hope to get more such events in the future with the support of the general committee which has stood firmly behind the event.
— Gaurav Ghosh,convener for junior/professional golf, RCGC
THE GREENS ARE GEARED UP
He was 11 when he started looking after the greens, in a farm in upstate New York, for “a couple of dollars in the summer”. Today, Tim Denham, 48, has travelled across the best courses in the world — he was last at Orange Lake Country Club in Orlando — before taking charge as the golf course superintendent in RCGC.
A chat with the expert on how the greens are in their best shape ever.
What’s the speed of the greens now?
In July, our green speed might have been 6.5ft to 7ft on the stimp meter. Now we’re producing 9-plus speed. With a little manipulation of the heights and cuts, as well as rolling, we’ll approach 10-plus ft. That’s a 40 per cent difference from the monsoon months when I came here. And that number is representative of the quality of the greens.
When I first got here, it was raining like crazy and there was not a lot of sunshine and grass doesn’t like that. So the challenge is environmental. We’ve got a lot of manpower, a lot of support from the administration and the members here. The real challenge is working with the environment, the lack of sunshine and too much water. Most of the grass used in golf courses all over India don’t like too much water. They perform better with lesser amounts of water, otherwise insects take over. That’s a big challenge.
What’s some of the feedback you’ve been getting?
Lately, it’s been fantastic. I don’t hear any complaints. The monsoons can be punishing but once we get out of that, the quality of the golf course gets better. Everybody’s been complimenting the course!
Is India a developing market for golf?
Well, I had been trying to get into India for a while. I have a lot of friends working in Asia central who are building and managing golfcourses. The markets are growing here. It’s good industry, it’s good business, it gives people leisurely things to do. Where I come from, golf courses are a hub for business development. People get together and talk about ideas and strategies and business. | <urn:uuid:d1319fd7-6578-43fd-80ac-9a5ea372a7c8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.telegraphindia.com/1121124/jsp/entertainment/story_16233488.jsp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280065.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00540-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.962274 | 1,532 | 1.515625 | 2 |
|Publication number||US4311567 A|
|Application number||US 06/207,595|
|Publication date||19 Jan 1982|
|Filing date||17 Nov 1980|
|Priority date||17 Nov 1980|
|Also published as||DE3143304A1|
|Publication number||06207595, 207595, US 4311567 A, US 4311567A, US-A-4311567, US4311567 A, US4311567A|
|Inventors||Preston S. White|
|Original Assignee||Ppg Industries, Inc.|
|Export Citation||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Patent Citations (4), Referenced by (16), Classifications (11), Legal Events (2)|
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet|
Chlorine and aqueous metal hydroxides may be industrially prepared in permionic membrane electrolytic cells. Permionic membrane electrolytic cells are characterized by the presence of a permionic membrane between the anolyte compartment and the catholyte compartment. The anolyte compartment, with a coated valve metal anode therein, contains an acidic, chlorinated brine anolyte, e.g., a sodium chloride brine anolyte or a potassium chloride brine anolyte. The catholyte compartment, on the opposite side of the permionic membrane, contains the cathode and an aqueous alkali metal hydroxide electrolyte, e.g., potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide.
The permionic membrane is a cation selective permionic membrane, that is, alkali metal ions, i.e., cations, such as potassium ion or sodium ion pass through the permionic membrane from the anolyte compartment to the catholyte compartment, while the passage of anions, i.e., chloride ions, from the anolyte compartment to the catholyte compartment, or hydroxyl ions from the catholyte compartment to the anolyte compartment, is substantially inhibited or eliminated by the cation selective groups of the permionic membrane.
Typically, the permionic membrane is a halogenated hydrocarbon, e.g., a fluorinated hydrocarbon, with pendant active groups. The pendant functional groups are anionic groups having cation selectivity, such as sulfonyl groups, phosphonyl groups, and carboxyl groups. Most commonly the pendant functional groups are either carboxyl groups or sulfonyl groups. The groups are either acid groups or groups which may be converted to acid groups.
The catholyte facing side of the permionic membrane is in the alkali metal salt form during electrolysis, that is, it is in the form of a sodium salt of a carboxyl acid, a potassium salt of a carboxylic acid, sodium salt of a sulfonyl acid, or a potassium salt of a sulfonic acid. The alkali metal salt form is not easily workable, being wet, strongly alkaline, and not readily heat-fusible or heat-sealable.
Preferably, the permionic membrane material is in a heat-sealable, hand-workable form when installed in the cell, for example, a low alkyl ester of carboxylic acid, or an acid halide of a carboxylic acid, a sulfonic acid, or a phosphonic acid.
The ester, acid halide, or hydrogen acid form of the permionic membrane must be hydrolyzed before electrolysis can begin. The hydrolysis may occur before fabrication, after fabrication but before installation in the cell, or after fabrication and after installation in the cell.
Hydrolysis in situ, that is, hydrolysis after fabrication and installation in the cell, offers various advantages. For example, it allows cell installation personnel to work with the ester form rather than the sodium salt or potassium salt form of the permionic membrane, and it allows the membrane to be dry, or if wet, to be wet with materials that do not require special handling. However, hydrolysis with one side contacting the brine and the other side contacting an alkaline solution, as catholyte, gives rise to problems such as blistering, high chlorate content in the result in the anolyte liquor, and the presence of high levels of impurities, as oxygen and hydrogen in the chlorine gas. It is, therefore, necessary to carry out hydrolysis in a manner so as to minimize the aforementioned problems.
It has now been found that in situ hydrolysis may be carried out by providing alkali metal chloride brine in the anolyte compartment and an electrolyte, as alkali metal hydroxide or water, in the catholyte compartment, and maintaining an electrodialytic electrical potential between the anode and the cathode in order to hydrolyze the permionic membrane. That is, an electrical potential is established between the anode and the cathode to acidify the anolyte liquor while maintaining the electrical potential low enough to avoid production of electrode product until the permionic membrane is substantially hydrolyzed, and preferably, reaches substantially constant values of electrical resistance.
Applicant's invention relates to chlor-alkali electrolysis in a permionic membrane cell and particularly to a method of starting up the cell, that is, of readying the cell to commence electrolyis by hydrolysis of the permionic membrane.
Permionic membrane electrolytic cells are characterized by an anolyte compartment with an anode and anolyte liquor therein, a catholyte compartment with a cathode and catholyte liquor therein, and a permionic membrane therebetween. Typically, the anode is a coated metal anode having a valve metal substrate with a catalytic coating thereon. Chlorine is evolved at the anode according to the reaction:
Cl- →1/2Cl2 +1e-
The anolyte liquor is the brine feed acidified and chlorinated within the cell. Typically, the brine feed is concentrated, even saturated brine, and may be acidic, neutral, or alkaline. Most frequently it is alkaline. The brine feed, typically contains about 4.5 to about 11 mole percent alkali metal chloride, that is, about 15 to about 26 weight percent sodium chloride, or about 17 to about 35 weight percent potassium chloride. The anolyte liquor typically has 25 to 75 percent brine depletion and is at a pH of from about 2.5 to about 5.5.
The catholyte compartment contains a metal cathode. It may optionally have a coating, such as nickel, lead oxide, or the like. Hydroxyl ion and, when an oxidant is not separately fed to the catholyte compartment, hydrogen, are evolved at the cathode. The catholyte liquor is an alkali metal hydroxide, substantially free of chlorine, and containing from about 5 to about 28 mole percent alkali metal hydroxide, i.e., from about 10 to about 45 weight percent sodium hydroxide, or from about 13 to about 55 weight percent potassium hydroxide.
Interposed between the anolyte compartment and the catholyte compartment is a permionic membrane. The permionic membrane is cation selective. That is, it has functional groups that block the flow of chlorine from the anolyte to the catholyte, and the flow of hydroxyl ion from the catholyte to the anolyte, while permitting the flow of cations, i.e., sodium ions or potassium ions. During normal electrolysis the flow of alkali metal ions is from the anolyte to the catholyte. Moreover, the permionic membrane maintains a pH differential between the anolyte liquor and the catholyte liquor, with the anolyte liquor having a pH of from about 2.5 to about 5.5 and the catholyte liquor containing from about 5 to about 28 mole percent alkali metal hydroxide.
In the permionic membrane electrolytic cell process for the production of chlorine and alkali metal hydroxide, brine is fed to the anolyte compartment and depleted brine is recovered therefrom, while either water or dilute alkali metal hydroxide is fed to the catholyte compartment, and concentrated alkali metal hydroxide, i.e., concentrated sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide is recovered therefrom. An electrical current passes from the anode to the cathode, evolving chlorine at the anode and hydroxyl ion and hydrogen at the cathode.
Chlorine gas is recovered from the anolyte compartment with aqueous alkali metal hydroxide, i.e., aqueous potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, being recovered from the catholyte compartment.
The electrodes may be planar electrodes, as in a pancake type cell, or fingered, interleaved electrodes. The permionic membrane is supported by one electrode, most commonly by the cathode, although it may, alternatively, be supported by the anode. Alternatively, anodic electrocatalyst or cathodic electrocatalyst or both may contact the permionic membrane, as in a solid polymer electrolyte cell where electrocatalyst is bonded to the permionic membrane or in a zero gap permionic membrane cell wherein the anodic electrocatalyst or the cathodic electrocatalyst or both removably contact the permionic membrane. In a permionic membrane electrolytic cell having fingered electrodes, the permionic membrane is typically a sheet or plurality of sheets that are formed into the shape of the electrode surface upon which they are carried, i.e., formed into the shape of a fingered electrode and thereafter sealed to form an electrolyte-tight, gas-tight shaped structure. Typically the sealing is by heat-sealing.
Preferably, where fabrication of the membrane, including sealing is required, the membrane is in the acid, ester, or acid halide form. It may be dry, or swollen by suitable solvents as water, brine, or organic solvents such as alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, ethers, and esters.
When the membrane is installed in the cell, one side of the permionic membrane faces the anolyte compartment and the anode. The anolyte compartment contains cell body parts, including the anode, which may be harmed by concentrated, alkaline, alkali metal hydroxide solutions. The opposite side of the permionic membrane faces the catholyte and the cathode. The catholyte compartment body parts and the cathode may be harmed by anolyte liquor.
It is necessary to hydrolyze the permionic membrane from the hydrogen acid, ester, or acid halide form prior to commencing electrolysis. This is in order to avoid blistering, high anode gas oxygen and hydrogen content, and high anolyte chlorate contents during subsequent electrolysis. However, the hydrolysis must be carried out without subjecting the anolyte compartment to catholyte liquor or the catholyte compartment to anolyte liquor.
According to the invention herein contemplated, a low voltage, low current density electrodialysis current is passed across the cell. That is, the voltage is below the sum of the decomposition half-cell voltages of the anode and cathode reaction, including overvoltage, and the resistance of the electrolyte and permionic membrane. In this way, substantially no chlorine is evolved at the anode, and substantially no hydroxyl ion or hydrogen is evolved at the cathode. The voltage is, however, maintained high enough to provide electrodialysis through the permionic membrane.
The current density is maintained low enough to avoid voltages at which chlorine evolution or hydroxyl evolution takes place at the electrodes either in parallel with or in competition to the electrodialysis. The voltage is maintained under 2.6 volts, preferably under 2.5 volts, and for particularly satisfactory hydrolysis under about 2.4 volts, whereby electrodialysis is the preferred phenomena and electrolysis, that is, electrolytic evolution of product at the electrodes, is not preferred.
The voltage referred to herein as an electrodialysis voltage or an electrodialytic voltage is below the zero current density decomposition voltage, that is, below the sum of the zero current density half-cell voltages, the overvoltage and the voltage drop across the permionic membrane and across the electrolytes. However, the electrodialysis voltage should be high enough to provide acidification of the anolyte. The anolyte liquor is generally fed to the cell as a neutral to basic alkali metal chloride brine, which is electrodialytically acidified, i.e., reduced in pH from an initial value of about 8.1 or higher by at least about 0.3 pH units or more to a pH of 7.8 or less, and preferably to below pH 7. Generally, electrodialysis is carried out for 2 to 48 hours, although lesser or longer periods may be utilized, depending upon the electrodialysis current density. Dialysis, without electrically enhanced electrodialysis, may proceed electroldialysis, whereby to reduce the pH of the anolyte from the initial basic pH. The total time of dialysis plus electrodialysis should be such as to reduce the membrane resistivity, measured from current lead to current lead, from an initial value of millions of ohm-centimeters to a range of between about 100 to about 1000 ohm-centimeters and thereafter to a final range of less than about 7000 ohm-centimeters, i.e., from about 2100 to about 5000 ohm-centimeters.
As herein contemplated, an electrolytic cell having an anolyte compartment with an anode therein and a catholyte compartment with a cathode wherein and a cation selective permionic membrane therebetween is utilized in a process of electrolyzing alkali metal chloride brine, i.e., sodium chloride brine or potassium chloride brine to produce chlorine and the alkali metal hydroxide, i.e., sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide. The cation selective permionic membrane is a polymeric perfluorocarbon having pendant cation selective, acid groups, most commonly carboxylic acid groups. The cation selective acid groups are most commonly in the alkali metal salt form during electrolysis, i.e., the alkali metal carboxylate form, and the alkali metal sulfonate form, or the alkali metal phosphonate form. According to the method herein contemplated, the permionic membrane is initially installed in the permionic membrane electrolytic cell in a form other than the sodium salt or potassium salt form, i.e., in the hydrogen acid form, the acid halide form, or a low alkyl ester form. Thereafter, alkali metal chloride brine is provided to the anolyte compartment and an electrolyte, for example water, dilute potassium hydroxide or dilute sodium hydroxide, in the catholyte compartment. An electrodialytic electrical potential is maintained between the anode and the cathode whereby to hydrolyze the permionic membrane, i.e., until the membrane is substantially completely hydrolyzed. Thereafter, the electrical potential between the anode and the cathode is increased in order to initiate electrolysis. Typically, the electrodialytic electrical potential is maintained high enough to acidify the anolyte and low enough to avoid substantial electrolytic product evolution. That is, the electrodialytic electrical potential is maintained below the sum of resistance voltage drops across the electrolyte and permionic membrane, and the half cell voltages at the electrodes. Thus, an electrical potential is maintained between the anode and the cathode to acidify the anolyte liquor while maintaining the potential low enough to avoid production of electrode product until the permionic membrane is substantially hydrolyzed and thereafter the electrical potential therebetween is increased to initiate electrolysis. Hydrolysis may be monitored by monitoring the electrical resistance of the permionic membrane and continuing electroldialysis until the electrical resistance of the permionic membrane attains a substantially constant value.
In one exemplification of this invention, a zero gap permionic membrane electrolytic cell is assembled. By a zero gap permionic membrane electrolytic cell is meant that the anode electrocatalysts removably bears upon the anolyte facing surface of the permionic membrane, or the cathodic electrocatalyst removably bears upon the catholyte facing surface of the permionic membrane, or both removably bear upon opposite surfaces of the permionic membrane. The anodic electrocatalyst is a suitable anodic, chlorine evolution electrocatalyst, for example, ruthenium dioxide, ruthenium dioxide with rutile-form titanium dioxide, platinum with irridium, platinum, or an intermetallic oxycompound as a delafossite, a pyrochlor, or a spinel. The anodic electrocatalyst is bonded to a metallic, electroconductive substrate, as titanium screen, tantalum screen, tungsten screen or the like.
The cathodic electrocatalysts bears upon the catholyte facing surface of the permionic membrane. The cathodic catalyst may be a platinum group metal as platinum, platinum black, platinum irridium, or the like. Alternatively, it may be a transition metal as iron, cobalt, or nickel. Preferably it is a porous Group VIII as porous nickel. The cathode substrate may be iron, cobalt, nickel, copper or lead mesh or screen.
Preferably both the anode electrocatalyst and cathode electrocatalyst both bear upon a perfluorocarbon carboxylic acid permionic membrane. In the assembly of the cell, the membrane is in the ester form, e.g., the methyl or ethyl ester form of the carboxylic acid. The two halves of the cell are assembled with the membrane between them. Thereafter, sodium chlorine brine, containing, for example, from about 15 to about 25 weight percent sodium chloride is fed to the anolyte compartment and an electrolyte, for example, sodium hydroxide solution containing from about 2 to about 25 weight percent sodium hydroxide is fed to the catholyte compartment. An electrical potential of from about 2.4 to about 2.6 volts is imposed across the cell. This electrical potential is less than the combined electrode potentials, membrane voltage drop, and electrolyte voltage drop. This voltage is maintained while the membrane resistance is monitored. As the membrane resistance decreases from approximately 400 ohms per square centimeter to about 4 milliohms per square centimeter, the electrodialysis current density increases from about 25 amperes per square foot to about 200 amperes per square foot. After approximately 40 hours of electrodialysis, the voltage is increased whereby chlorine is evolved at the anode and hydrogen is evolved at the cathode.
According to an alternative exemplification, electrolysis is carried out in a solid polymer electrolyte electrolytic cell where the anode and cathode are bonded to and embedded in the permionic membrane. The anode and cathode electrocatalyst are both particulate catalysts. The anode electrocatalyst may be a platinum group metal, a compound of a platinim group metal, an oxide of a platinum group metal, or an oxide of a platinum group metal with a transition metal, for example, ruthenium dioxide with titanium dioxide. Most commonly the anode electrocatalyst is a finely divided platinum group metal, a finely divided oxide of a platinim group metal, or a finely divided reduced oxide of a platinum group metal, as platinum black. The cathode electrocatalyst is similarly a finely divided particulate material as a platinum group metal, an oxide of a platinum group metal, or a reduced oxide of a platinum group metal. Most commonly the cathode is platinum black. As herein contemplated, the permionic membrane is installed in an electrolytic cell between suitable current collectors or current conductors, that is, between a pair of electrolyte-resistant, electrically conductive, porous conductors carrying electrical current from the current leads to the catalyst and thence from the catalyst on the opposite side of the permionic membrane--solid polymer electrolyte to the current leads. As herein contemplated, the permionic membrane is a methyl or ethyl ester of a perfluorinated carboxylic acid. The electrocatalyst particles are bonded to the permionic membrane while the permionic membrane is in a thermoplastic form, i.e. at a temperature of about 150 to about 230 degrees Centigrade, and compressed therein. Thereafter, the solid polymer electrolyte, still in the methyl or ethyl ester form, is installed in the electrolytic cell between the current collectors. Alkali metal chloride, for example, a 20 to 35 percent solution of potassium chloride is fed to the anolyte compartment of the solid polymer electrolyte electrolytic cell and a 5 to 45 weight percent potassium hydroxide solution is fed to the catholyte compartment of the electrolytic cell. Electrodialysis is then commenced at a current density of about 5 to 25 amperes per square foot, and a voltage below the combined sum of the electrode decomposition voltages, including overvoltage, and the electrolyte and membrane resistances, i.e., at a voltage of about 2.4 to 2.6 volts. Electrodialysis is maintained until the permionic membrane electrical resistivity has dropped from over 7 megaohm centimeter to under 7000 ohm-centimeter. Thereafter, the voltage is increased to a level to initiate electrolysis, i.e., to about about 2.9 to 3.1 volts whereby chlorine is evolved at the anode and recovered from the anolyte compartment, and hydrogen is evolved at the cathode, and potassium hydroxide in the catholyte liquor with hydrogen and potassium hydroxide being recovered from the catholyte compartment.
According to a still further exemplification of this invention, a permionic membrane electrolytic cell is provided having fingered metal anodes and fingered metal cathodes as described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 3,919,059. The permionic membrane is in the form of a methyl ester of a perfluorinated carboxylic acid. The permionic membrane is cut to the form of fingers and the fingers are then sealed by heat sealing to form a glove for the fingered cathode. Thereafter the fingered, permionic membrane glove, in the methyl ester form, is removed from the hot press and installed on the fingered cathode. The fingered cathode and complimentary fingered anode are assembled to form an electrolytic cell. Thereafter, 25 weight percent sodium chloride is fed to the anolyte compartment and 20 weight percent sodium hydroxide is fed to the catholyte compartment and an electrical potential of approximately 2.4 to 2.6 volts is maintained across the electrolytic cell. The electrodialytic current density is initially approximately 20 amperes per square foot, but gradually increases, over a period of about 48 hours to about 150 amperes per square foot at 2.6 volts. After the resistivity of the permionic membrane has been reduced from about 9 mega-ohm centimeters to about 5000 ohm-centimeters electrolysis is commenced by increasing the voltage from about 2.6 volts to about 3.3 volts.
The following examples are illustrative:
A zero-gap permionic membrane electrolytic cell is assembled, the permionic membrane is hydrolyzed by a situ electrodialysis, and electrolysis is commenced.
A laboratory zero-gap permionic membrane cell is prepared. The cell is assembled from 5/8 inch thick chlorinated polyvinyl chloride. The anolyte and catholyte compartments are each 3 inches by 3 inches by 7/8 inch. The anode is a ruthenium dioxide coated, 20 mesh to the inch by 30 mesh to titanium screen. It is supported by a ruthenium dioxide coated, 2.5 mesh to the inch by 5 mesh to the inch, titanium back-up screen.
The cathode is a Raney-nickel coated, 20 mesh to the inch by 30 mesh to the inch nickel screen. It is backed up by a nickel plated 2.5 mesh to the inch by 5 mesh to the stainless steel screen.
The anode and cathode both bear upon the permionic membrane. The permionic membrane is a 11 mil thick ASAHI Glass FLEMION (TM) polymeric perfluorocarbon carboxylic acid membrane. It has an equivalent weight of 800 to 1200 grams, and is in the ethyl ester form.
After assembly, brine containing 26 weight percent sodium chloride is fed to the anolyte compartment and 26 weight percent sodium hydroxide is fed to the catholyte compartment. An electrical potential of 2.47 volts is imposed across the cell, which is less than the combined electrode potentials and membrane voltage drop. This voltage is maintained for 10 minutes, causing electrodialysis to occur at approximately 50 amperes per square foot. Thereafter, the voltage is increased to 2.65 volts, causing electrodialysis to occur at 100 amperes per square foot.
Electrolysis is commenced after electrodialysis.
A permionic membrane electrolytic cell was assembled, the permionic membrane was hydrolyzed by in situ electrodialysis, and electrolysis was commenced.
A laboratory permionic membrane electrolyte cell was assembled from 5/8 inch thick chlorinated polyvinyl chloride. The anolyte and catholyte compartments are each 5 inch by 7 inch by 7/8 inch. The anode was an Englehard platinum-iridium coated titanium mesh anode having 2.5 mesh to the inch by 5 mesh per inch. The cathode was a flame sprayed Raney nickel and molybdenum surface on a nickel coated steel mesh substrate, having 2.5 mesh to the inch by 5 mesh to the inch. The anode to cathode gap was approximately one-quarter inch.
The initial charge to the anolyte compartment was of 17 weight percent sodium chloride at a pH of 8.1. The initial charge to the catholyte compartment was 25 weight percent sodium hydroxide.
The brine feed to the cell was 9.5 cubic centimeters per minute of 26 weight percent sodium chloride and 5.9 cubic centimeters per minute, providing a 17 weight percent, pH 8.1 brine feed.
The cell was charged with the initial charges, and over a period of approximately 3 hours the anolyte overflow pH dropped from pH 8.1 to pH 7.5, and the resistivity of the permionic membrane dropped to 30,000 ohm-centimeters. Thereafter brine feed and feed of 25 weight percent caustic soda were started. After 25 minutes the resistance of the permionic membrane was 4200 ohm-centimeters.
Thereafter, an electrical potential of 2.48 volts was imposed across the cell, yielding an electrodialysis current density of about 5 amperes per square foot. After approximately 37 minutes the electrical potential was increased to 2.61 volts, yielding an electrodialysis current density of 16 amperes per square foot. After about 50 minutes the voltage was increased to 2.62 volts, yielding an electrodialysis current density of 24 amperes per square foot.
Thereafter, the rectifier was set on a constant current of 24 amperes per square foot for 16 hours. After 16 hours the cell voltage was 2.91 volts.
Thereafter, the brine feed was changed to 9.5 cubic centimeters per minute of 26 weight percent sodium chloride, the catholyte feed was changed to 0.72 cubic centimeters per minute of water.
Electrolysis was commenced. Over a period of two hours, the voltage increased from 2.51 volts at 42 amperes per square foot to 3.07 volts at 180 amperes per square foot.
While the invention has been described with respect with certain exemplifications and embodiments thereof, the scope of protection is not intended to be limited thereby but only the claims appended hereto.
|Cited Patent||Filing date||Publication date||Applicant||Title|
|US3985631 *||13 Aug 1975||12 Oct 1976||Diamond Shamrock Corporation||Pretreatment and start-up of electrolytic cell membranes|
|US4000057 *||21 Nov 1974||28 Dec 1976||Hooker Chemicals & Plastics Corporation||Electrolytic cell membrane conditioning|
|US4124477 *||5 Oct 1976||7 Nov 1978||Hooker Chemicals & Plastics Corp.||Electrolytic cell utilizing pretreated semi-permeable membranes|
|US4148979 *||25 Apr 1977||10 Apr 1979||Toyo Soda Manufacturing Co., Ltd.||Method of improving characteristics of cation-exchange membrane by swelling in water miscible organic solvent|
|Citing Patent||Filing date||Publication date||Applicant||Title|
|US4360412 *||17 Nov 1980||23 Nov 1982||Ppg Industries, Inc.||Treatment of permionic membrane|
|US4686026 *||24 Oct 1983||11 Aug 1987||Asahi Glass Company Ltd.||Method of installation of membrane to electrolytic cell|
|US6054230 *||6 Dec 1995||25 Apr 2000||Japan Gore-Tex, Inc.||Ion exchange and electrode assembly for an electrochemical cell|
|US6130175 *||21 May 1999||10 Oct 2000||Gore Enterprise Holdings, Inc.||Integral multi-layered ion-exchange composite membranes|
|US6242135||12 Sep 1997||5 Jun 2001||Japan Gore-Tex, Inc.||Solid electrolyte composite for electrochemical reaction apparatus|
|US6254978||8 Jul 1998||3 Jul 2001||W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc.||Ultra-thin integral composite membrane|
|US6287717||13 Nov 1998||11 Sep 2001||Gore Enterprise Holdings, Inc.||Fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies with improved power outputs|
|US6613203||10 Sep 2001||2 Sep 2003||Gore Enterprise Holdings||Ion conducting membrane having high hardness and dimensional stability|
|US7125626||26 Feb 2003||24 Oct 2006||Japan Gore-Tex, Inc.||Ion exchange assembly for an electrochemical cell|
|US7608350 *||19 Apr 2004||27 Oct 2009||Lynntech, Inc.||Preparation and storage of membrane and electrode assemblies|
|US20020022123 *||25 Apr 2001||21 Feb 2002||Bamdad Bahar||Fuel cell comprising a composite membrane|
|US20030113604 *||25 Oct 2002||19 Jun 2003||Bamdad Bahar||Fuel cell comprising a composite membrane|
|US20030152820 *||26 Feb 2003||14 Aug 2003||Hiroshi Kato||Ion exchange assembly for an electrochemical cell|
|US20040067402 *||2 Oct 2003||8 Apr 2004||Barndad Bahar||Ultra-thin integral composite membrane|
|US20050000799 *||19 Apr 2004||6 Jan 2005||Murphy Oliver J.||Preparation and storage of membrane and electrode assemblies|
|USRE37307||20 Aug 1998||7 Aug 2001||W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc.||Ultra-thin integral composite membrane|
|U.S. Classification||205/350, 204/296, 205/516, 205/512|
|International Classification||C25B1/46, C25B15/00, C25B13/08|
|Cooperative Classification||C25B1/46, C25B15/00|
|European Classification||C25B1/46, C25B15/00|
|9 Feb 1999||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: PPG INDUSTRIES OHIO, INC., OHIO
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:PPG INDUSTRIES, INC.;REEL/FRAME:009737/0591
Effective date: 19990204
|24 Mar 2014||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: PPG INDUSTRIES OHIO, INC., OHIO
Effective date: 19990204
Free format text: CORRECTIVE ASSIGNMENT TO CORRECT INCORRECT PROPERTY NUMBERS 08/666726;08/942182;08/984387;08/990890;5645767;5698141;5723072;5744070;5753146;5783116;5808063;5811034 PREVIOUSLY RECORDED ON REEL 009737 FRAME 0591. ASSIGNOR(S) HEREBY CONFIRMS THE ASSIGNMENT;ASSIGNOR:PPG INDUSTRIES, INC.;REEL/FRAME:032513/0174 | <urn:uuid:9196c987-b981-484d-a0fa-b155f35d5e83> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.google.co.uk/patents/US4311567 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285289.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00147-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.869984 | 7,035 | 1.84375 | 2 |
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Distributed ObjectBased Systems The W Architecture Web Services Handout 11 Partb EECS 591 Farnam Jahanian University of Michigan Optional Reading List The Web Services Idea ttn39 m in micro n 39 r r aspx Understanding XML Web Services The Web Services Idea 7 ttn39 m in micro n 39 r r aspx Web Services Building Reusable Web Components with SOAP and ASP NET usanebsrvhtmlWebservbasicsaspframetrue W3C Web Services Activities 7 httpWWWW3org2002Ws The H1 story TREND l Shi from p 39 in the mid to late 80 s TREND 2 clientserver computing 7 introduction of RFC 7 DCE early middleware and runtime environment proposed to standardize distributed computing on clientserver model 9 DCE failed but C S model and objectorientation lived on of Universe Part tOLJ39r A TREND 3 TREND l and 2 came together 7 UNIX community and the rest of the world except MSFT community proposed CORBA 7 Microso proposed DCOM and ActiveX 7 Both approaches continue to have followers TREND 4 WWW the mother of all clientserver applications 7 W W W became the most popular document service known to mankind in the 90 s 7 Clientserver model lives on clientside and serverside scripts 7 CGI scripts enable execution of programs on servers taking user data as input 7 HTML form 9 program may fetch a document or manipulate data from a DB to generate results and send the document to the client onthe y to generate a document The History of Universe Part I TREND 5 Advances in 00 programming languages and runtime environments 7 SUN introduced JAVA M SFT later promoted C after Java took o TREND 6 toward network computing 7 server doesn t have to do everything 9 rst clientside scripts then applets 7 it is possible to pass a precompiled program to the client to be executed in the browser address space applets 7 Servlet is a precompiledprogram executing in the address space of the web server note CGI scripts are executed as a separate process TREND 7 The WEB grows up 9 web services 7 XML introduced to de ne new documents and structure documents 7 A Web Service is just an object accessible over a network 7 Two competing models J2EE Java Enterprise Edition Version 20 NET The World Wide Web 2 Server fetches Client machine Server machine document from local file Browser Web server L8 A 08 i 3 Response k J 1 Get document request Overall organization of the Web W W W Architectural Overview 1 3 Start program tch to fe document Server machine 239 Process Web server Input 4 Database CGI interaction ro ram A P 9 5 HTML document created Local 03 Local database 1 Get document request sent to v 6 Response sent back the server The principle of using serverside CGI programs User39s termlnal WWW Architectural Overview 2 Cllsnt macmne Server machlne So i 1v 1 267 IL 4c Local dalsbase and Ne system Architectural details of a cli ent and server in the Web Web Services The 39 am rue p building distributed applications to date The phenomenal success ofthe Web model can distributed programming models like RPC DCOM and CORBA impn it systems which require all the pieces oran application be deployed at once you can add H m and with a up in 39E a 2 Es Ju a ng systems om multiple ven 15mg A and devices written using different programming languages and tools dors all potentially developed and deployed independently L Web services XM are mi reusable anpmuans mam nelween mm um Smiva me are enabled in mm m anon mm m exanvmz l m 39Smuvl39 cum 3 c Jenna m memes can m m 11wa xMLwb sewlces m XML Wen allaw m m be mm anywhere Y m SeNlces cummsew XMLthservIccscan nlme nun mm a sermlnnlma anmu nzskmnnr mun mmvmlntdevlcewamelnm v 9 c S Swervmsemev XML Web senlue mm n wmmun mum Samoan mung a ullcmnns mm an envlranmaulm v5 lndwen mwenus mnemazummtwm seMwsquli mkmms m semnue xoareahe am 7le5 um unemnm quotWeb services are Internetbased modular applications that perform a specific business task and conform to a speci c technical format A Web service can be anything from a restaurant review service to a realtime travel advisory to an entire airline ticket res rvation process The modular technical format nsures these selfcontained business service fr m the same or different companies e tern this Way ey can 1 innovative products business processes and value c delivered to any customer device cell phone PDA co created or transformed from existing applications 7 IBM Web services generalize the idea of a Web site Web Services De nition A Web service is a software system identi ed by a URI whose public interfaces and bindings are de ned and described using XML Its de nition can be discovered by other software systems These systems may then interact with the Web service in a manner prescribed by its de nition using XML based messages conveyed by intemet protocols W3C Web Services Architecture The basic architecture includes Web services technologies capable of 7 Exchanging messages 7 Describing Web services 7 Publishing and discovering Web service descriptions
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KLB Visionary English Literacy Activities Grade 2 by KLB
KLB Visionary English Literacy Activities Grade 2 Learner’s Workbook is based on the new Competency-Based Curriculum. It has numerous learner-centred activities for each learning strand and sub-strand that allow the learners to discover and create knowledge through doing rather than memorizing facts. The four language skills of listening, speaking, reading and writing are acquired through the involving activities that allow for maximum collaboration and participation among the learners. The activities are designed in a way that enables learners to pace their own learning and even to learn from their peers. The activities in the Learners’ Workbook are tailored to develop the seven core competences as spelled out in the new curriculum, namely communication and collaboration, self-efficacy, critical thinking and problem solving, creativity and imagination, citizenship, digital literacy and learning to learn.Learning in this Workbook is not just confined to the classroom but continued outside the class and even in the family and community.This link to a community is maintained throughout the book. Parent/caregiver engagement is emphasized so that learning becomes a life-long endeavour that goes beyond the classroom and the normal school situation. The Workbook has full-colour illustrations that make the content very attractive to the learners. thus making learning fun.The language used in the book is simple and easy to understand. This makes the desired learning outcomes easy to achieve without undue difficulty to the learners. This is one book that makes learning fun and learning concepts easy to grasp. | <urn:uuid:d8d548a5-3132-41e1-9571-8c9705903fc3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pickabook.co.ke/shop-2/klb-visionary-english-literacy-activities-grade-2-by-klb/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573908.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820043108-20220820073108-00267.warc.gz | en | 0.96034 | 329 | 3.390625 | 3 |
Classification of the Smooth-Coated Otter
The relationship of the Smooth-Coated otter to the other otters has long been in confusion.
Right from the beginning, this animal has been confused with the Asian Small-Clawed Otter, Amblonyx cinereus, and the Eurasian Otter, Lutra lutra. According to Harris (1968), the species was first described as Lutra perspicillata by Geoffroy in 1826, although it is possible that he meant the Small-Clawed Otter. Lesson, in 1827, called it Lutra simung, but Elliot, in 1839, called it Lutra nair. This opened up a whole new can of worms - Cantor (1846), Jerdon (1874), Anderson (1878), Blasndford (1888) and Flower (1929) also spoke of Lutra nair, but it is possible that they were really referring to the Eurasian Otter, Lutra lutra instead.
In 1859, Hodgeson described it as Lutra tarayensis, followed by Wroughton (1919) and Allen (1935). Gray called it Lutra indica in 1865, but Dammerman confused things again in 1929 by naming it Lutra sumatrana, which is now used to refer to the Hairy-Nosed Otter. Thomas plumped for Lutra barang in 1889, presumably so we could confuse it with the Indonesian subspecies of the Eurasian Otter, Lutra lutra barang. Pohle threw in Amblonyx cinerea perspicillata in 1920, regarding it as a big subspecies of the Asian Small-Clawed Otter. Reference to the illustration, copyright and by permission of J.A. Davis, of a Smooth Otter cub and a Small-Claw cub show how unlikely this seems today.
In 1941, Pocock decided to move this animal to a new genus, and it became Lutragale Macrodus, but in the same year, he changed his mind, and called it Lutrogale perspicillata, and Hayman (1957) agreed with him. Since then, in the absence of any DNA evidence, Lutrogale perspicillata is what this animal is known as.
Harris records three subspecies of Lutra perspicillata, based on size and colouring:
- Lutrogale perspicillata perspicillata(Geoffroy, 1826): large dark chestnut brown animal with a paler belly and feet, and a whitish chin.
- Lutrogale perspicillata sindica (Pocock, 1949): smaller, paler animal, ranging from tawny to greyish; found in the Indus Valley, Pakistan.
- Lutrogale perspicillata maxwelli (Hayman, 1957): very dark brown, with the underside only very slightly paler, with an iron grey chin; this is Gavin Maxwell's famous Mijbil, and he and the other type specimen, a skin, were found in the marshes of the Tigris-Euphrates, in modern Iraq. Since then, there have been no reports of this animal and it was supposed extinct, but Farsi sources reported in Ziaie & Gutleb (1997) indicate that in adjoining part of Iran, this animal was present in 1972, so it is possible that Mij's relations are still alive and well. AND IT IS!
In 2004, Klaus-Peter Koepfli did the DNA analysis for this species, and the result surprised everyone - cladistically,Smooth-Coated Otters are next to the Asian and African Clawless Otters! (Koepfli et al, 2008).
Other Names for the Smooth Otter
English : Smooth Otter, Smooth-Coated Otter, Indian Smooth-Coated Otter
Spanish: Nutria Lisa, Nutria Simung
German: Glattotter, Indischer Fischotter
French: Loutre d'Asie, Loutre à Fourrure Unie
Italian: Lontra Liscia, Lontra Asiatica
Dutch: Indiase Otter
Vernacular: berang-berang bulu licin | <urn:uuid:808d63d4-1133-4e1d-a574-cc2600ae2b4c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.otterjoy.com/otterinfo/lutrogale/perspicillata/perspicillata_classification.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279489.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00018-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.902726 | 908 | 3 | 3 |
If you plan to export your efforts as a data file, and eventually to use imaging software to create a series of presentation slides, consider this. Most rolls of film come as 24 or 36 exposures, and the difference in purchase & developing costs is negligible. Consider buying 36 exposure rolls, and filling the leftover exposures with copies of your key visuals. This means you'll have extra copies for those times when you'd have to forward & reverse through a series of slides in order to make a particular point. You'll also have copies for when you misplace that critical slide . . .
OK, here are the final words in this tutorial. Pay attention, and Good Luck!
You can also, of course, visit my home page, or RETURN to the KU Medical Center Home Page. | <urn:uuid:467fd82e-20e7-464c-8ad6-217bd237fd51> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.kumc.edu/SAH/OTEd/jradel/Effective_visuals/160.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279368.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00322-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.936853 | 160 | 1.890625 | 2 |
Although successfully adjusting to foster care has long-term positive effects on children, little research has been done exploring the link between foster parent characteristics and the developmental outcomes of children in their care. Language is a powerful tool that can ease the transition into a new home for foster children and enhances the possibility that it will be a successful placement, revealed a new research from the University at Buffalo.
When foster parents say, "This is our house; this is your room," to a foster child, they're relaying an important message: "You are part of this family - the whole family," and that's a strong statement, says to Annette Semanchin Jones, an assistant professor in the UB School of Social Work.
‘Language is a powerful tool that can ease the transition into a new home for foster children and enhances the possibility that it will be a successful placement.’
AdvertisementResearchers refer to this as 'claiming language' and its consistent use by foster parents plays a critical role when foster children are adapting to new homes. The same is true, Semanchin Jones says, when foster children feel a sense of belonging and know that their foster parents will advocate for them and help with the adaptation to different schools and neighborhoods.
The findings come out of research published in the latest issue of the Journal of Public Child Welfare by Semanchin Jones, with her colleague Barbara Rittner, UB associate professor of social work, and Melissa Affronti of Coordinated Care Services Inc., a human service agency in upstate New York.
Services are available for children to help them maintain their placements and this study, she says, complements that approach by providing important insights that highlight strategies foster parents use to successfully transition children in new placements. The researchers conducted interviews and focus groups with 35 experienced foster parents to explore how they contributed to a 'functional adaptation' that helped their children transition successfully and sustain their placements.
"This study really speaks to helping to make sure that foster parents are well prepared," says Semanchin Jones. "Every jurisdiction has pre-service trainings, but our research shows the need for ongoing support once kids are in foster homes." There is a nearly 50% turnover rate of foster parents and nearly 90% of children in foster care experience at least one disruption, according to Semanchin Jones.
"When we think about kids who have already been removed from their homes of origin, placement disruption can be a re-traumatizing experience," she says. Research also shows that children who experience frequent disruptions tend to have poor psychosocial outcomes." Even kids who didn't come into foster homes with behavior problems end up having both internalizing behaviors like suicidal ideations and externalizing aggressive behaviors such as physical aggression," she says.
This can set up a perpetuating cycle of instability for children as their continuing poor behaviors force each new set of foster parents to request the child be moved to a different placement. Foster parents also need to understand the multiple dimensions of foster care created by the existence of a foster family, a birth family and the child.
"Foster parents should be respectful in honoring the birth family," says Semanchin Jones. "That can be difficult because not every situation is going smoothly, but kids have multiple senses of loyalty and foster parents should not be talking down about the birth family." Showing foster parents research that identifies what's important also can help a child's transition, she says.
"Our research can really help child welfare agencies. Those agencies that are responsible for licensing foster homes and training foster parents can use this information in an ongoing way," says Semanchin Jones. "Foster parents need to know there are areas for continued improvement: skills building-pieces. Some of these things may come naturally to foster parents, but it doesn't mean you can't build capacity." | <urn:uuid:0b5482ce-ecb5-4780-b561-540d022e033e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.medindia.net/news/strategies-that-can-help-foster-children-transition-into-new-homes-160083-1.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281226.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00380-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.963986 | 781 | 2.296875 | 2 |
TCTOP – Bollow Orchard
Bollow Orchard is owned by the Gloucestershire Orchard Trust, one of the skills hubs which helps to deliver the project mentoring. This lovely orchard was one of a group of Longney orchards offered to them last year by the owner of the farm in which they sit, to prevent their loss when the farm was sold.
Trust members rose to the challenge of raising the money needed to buy them and they have joined our TCTOP project orchards.
The orchard is mainly plum and apple and lies close to the banks of the River Severn, close to the long distance footpath which follows the river.
Work has already begun in the orchard, mainly due to an on-going problem with Silverleaf. Summer pruning was carried out to remove as much diseased wood as possible and any re-planting will take this into consideration.
With the river close by and its hedgerows and ancient trees, this orchard is rich in wildlife of all kinds – from owls to beetles – and has already hosted several wildlife walks. And its peaceful setting makes it one of the loveliest of our project orchards to work in. | <urn:uuid:5043ae4c-8165-4dd1-9baa-83db6c6f9dd3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.malvernhillsaonb.org.uk/tctop-home-page/tctop-gloucestershire/tctop-bollow-orchard/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573744.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819161440-20220819191440-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.980693 | 252 | 1.585938 | 2 |
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