text stringlengths 181 608k | id stringlengths 47 47 | dump stringclasses 3 values | url stringlengths 13 2.97k | file_path stringlengths 125 140 | language stringclasses 1 value | language_score float64 0.65 1 | token_count int64 50 138k | score float64 1.5 5 | int_score int64 2 5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ideally you will not even have to contemplate this, but in case you are doing, there are lots of components to look at. It’s a creative component in the perform. It’s certain that with the new type of travelling, you’re going to be in a position to find many fascinating matters. You can find many illustrations that could illustrate this hypothesis. The very first is a perspective there aren’t any evils which are not rooted in a individual purposely“minding“ those evils. Most lines have iambic feet, like in the very first stanza. So, an alternate route may be made. If you discover a bizarre question which you have no clue what to do with, the treatment is only to ask a buddy. Both states would be equally poor circumstances. After a period it is possible to only skip all the considerably simpler math concerns and proceed direct to the level 5 queries.
Roundtrip air tickets to hawaii from your u.s.
When it is pursued through an intelligent individual having an neutral comprehension of mind, it becomes praiseworthy. Since man has existed, they are producing tools. Both of the other boys went soaring over board. Her daddy is incredibly shrewd. Her spouse, Knowbowtie, advised her to obtain his musket, coat plus some additional things too. His family members and buddies would analyze this as a terrible misfortune, though the guy himself isn’t mindful of his reduction. There are a couple of other Real SEATED books, but they are significantly less extensively supplied. Essay composing a part of these conditions in college for this reason composition is extremely important.
My degree program has been done by me from ny school in medical assistance.
The author draws yet another distinction between the affluent and bad. The poet employs a little letter“i“ to diminish the condition of the storyteller. write-my-essay-for-me An essayist isn’t a poet. She or he must have largeness of mind. To permit an excellent writer to exert as much power ought to be a sin. You should be consistent. 1, it can be found from 3.
The day trip was originally celebrated as the birthday in washington.
Actually, you are no body also. What issues is the manner considerably some one can offer than take. A prevalent feeling of disillusion is regular of the story voice applied. Character is the astonishing instructor article creating. There are not any punctuation marks. Imagine, regardless of your goal might be. Boswell’s accomplishment inside this subject was assumed to unite both conventions. Pupils use various strategies to take records when they’re reading for an essay.
The software of mort was a life saver for my relationship also.
Surprisingly, a whole lot of pupils are still not mindful of the numerous edges of the on-line custom writing solutions. People of the judiciary also can not be impeached by each of the other divisions. You are nonetheless capable to return to the quick list and consult it again. This view appears inevitable. Other folks flop down facing the tv. You’ren’t a catch for Harvard. | <urn:uuid:0d6d3899-791f-43da-98de-d2cce3bedc27> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.hoyzer-tiefbau.de/2019/02/24/howto-reference-essays/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00475.warc.gz | en | 0.956218 | 660 | 1.5 | 2 |
Demand for Public Health Care in Pakistan
A health care demand model is estimated for each province in Pakistan to explain the outpatient visits to government hospitals over the period 1989-2006. The explanatory variables include the number of government hospitals per capita, doctors’ fee per visit at a private clinic, income per capita, the average price of medicine and the number of outpatient visits per capita in the previous period. All variables are significant determinants of the demand for health care in at least one province but their signs, magnitudes and the levels of significance vary. These variations may be attributed to cultural, social and religious factors that vary across provinces. Variations in health care quality offered at public hospitals may also be a factor. These factors and improved accessibility of health care facilities should be the focus of public policy aimed at increasing the usage of public sector health care facilities in Pakistan.
|Date of creation:||22 Jun 2009|
|Contact details of provider:|| Postal: Ludwigstraße 33, D-80539 Munich, Germany|
Web page: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de
More information through EDIRC
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
- Xu, Ke & Evans, David B. & Kadama, Patrick & Nabyonga, Juliet & Ogwal, Peter Ogwang & Nabukhonzo, Pamela & Aguilar, Ana Mylena, 2006. "Understanding the impact of eliminating user fees: Utilization and catastrophic health expenditures in Uganda," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 62(4), pages 866-876, February.
- Durr-e-Nayab, 2006.
"Demographic Dividend or Demographic Threat in Pakistan,"
Macroeconomics Working Papers
22215, East Asian Bureau of Economic Research.
- Durr-e-Nayab, 2008. "Demographic Dividend or Demographic Threat in Pakistan?," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 47(1), pages 1-26.
- Durr-e-Nayab, 2006. "Demographic Dividend or Demographic Threat in Pakistan," PIDE-Working Papers 2006:10, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics.
- Nayab, Durr-e-, 2006. "Demographic Dividend or Demographic Threat in Pakistan," MPRA Paper 2227, University Library of Munich, Germany.
- Akin, John S. & Guilkey, David K. & Hazel?Denton, E., 1995. "Quality of services and demand for health care in Nigeria: A multinomial probit estimation," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 40(11), pages 1527-1537, June.
- Muhammad Akram & Faheem Jehangir Khan, 2007.
"Health Care Services and Government Spending in Pakistan,"
Governance Working Papers
22184, East Asian Bureau of Economic Research.
- Muhammad Akram & Faheem Jehangir Khan, 2007. "Health Care Services and Government Spending in Pakistan," PIDE-Working Papers 2007:32, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics.
- Germano Mwabu & Martha Ainsworth & Andrew Nyamete, 1993. "Quality of Medical Care and Choice of Medical Treatment in Kenya: An Empirical Analysis," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 28(4), pages 838-862.
When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:27874. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.
For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: (Joachim Winter)
If references are entirely missing, you can add them using this form. | <urn:uuid:6550b876-24a4-45c4-9c68-f3debfc9ee4a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://ideas.repec.org/p/pra/mprapa/27874.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282926.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00400-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.786708 | 841 | 1.914063 | 2 |
Tesla Motors Inc (NASDAQ:TSLA) certainly has an unconventional business model when it comes to selling new cars. The traditional dealership model has been flipped on its head, and this is just for a company that is projecting very modest sales of about 20,000 vehicles in the calendar year. The model of online sales directly to consumers is certainly modern and yes, different – and different has caused auto dealerships to rally their lobbyists in state legislatures around the country. The effort has paid off in North Carolina and Texas, where those states now have laws banning direct-sales of cars and requires new-car sales to be at designated dealerships.
Whether that will stop Tesla Motors Inc (NASDAQ:TSLA) from selling cars remains to be seen, as Tesla does have a select number of “stores,” as it calls them, plus an active sales website. But having no dealership to which a customer could arrive and test-drive a vehicle, how can Tesla sell cars online? Isn’t a bit risky to buy a car online virtually sight unseen? Well, Tesla may be unconventional, but it isn’t a stupid company. Of course customers need to be able to sit in a Model S, drive it around get the feel of the car before making a $70,000 decision.
Well, for those dads out there in Ohio, Tesla Motors Inc (NASDAQ:TSLA) is presenting a gift of sorts. Tesla takes a Model S out and provides opportunities for customers to test drive the vehicle in a 15-minute appointment with a Tesla Product Specialist (yep, that is what they’re called) will ride along to answer any questions. The test drive, however, occurs over a pre-determined course that is “designed to highlight the capabilities of (the) Model S.” Until 6 p.m. Eastern Friday and noon to 6 p.m. Eastern Saturday, interested customers can set up an appointment for a test drive online and meet at the Easton Town Center in Columbus. On Father’s Day, from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. Eastern, test drives will be happening in Dublin, Ohio, at the Tesla Service facility on Tuller Road.
Give us your thoughts on this, dare we say it, unconventional test-drive concept by Tesla Motors Inc (NASDAQ:TSLA) in the comments section below. | <urn:uuid:dd507501-526e-4426-946a-e726f0f90df8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.insidermonkey.com/blog/tesla-motors-inc-tsla-take-a-model-s-for-a-spin-in-ohio-171596/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280292.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00338-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.948227 | 494 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Atwater Students show their generosity this Thanksgiving!
Mitchell Senior College and Career Night October 25, 2016
Barbara Williamson Stained Glass Dedication October 11, 2016
To Provide a Learning Environment Where
Students Develop the Skills Needed for Success.
MERCED COUNTY EXCELLENCE IN EDUCATION AWARDS CEREMONY
We believe that students are the focus of public education.
We believe that each student is unique and that our staff and programs provide for multiple opportunities for success.
We believe in developing academically competent, confident and considerate citizens.
We believe that learning occurs best in a safe and respectful environment.
We believe our students’ success depends upon a highly qualified staff who are valued and respected for their diverse backgrounds.
We believe that we serve students best through programs and practices that are responsive to changing needs.
We believe that our success depends upon the development of effective leaders,
staff and students who create a vision and translate that vision into reality.
GOALS and OBJECTIVES
Align District Human and Fiscal Resources to Support Student Achievement from Classroom Outward
Refine Instructional Programs to Improve Performance of ALL Students
Ensure Fiscal Integrity of the District
Foster and Maintain Constructive Relationships Among Students, Staff, Families, and Community Members
Ensure District Infrastructure Supports Student Learning: Facilities, Technology, Food Service, Transportation, and Maintenance
PARENT NOTICE of Potential Release of Student Information
Parents and former students over 18 can object to the release of personally identifiable information by printing out, completing, and mailing to the court by April 1, 2016 the "Objection to Disclosure of Student Information and Records" form. This form is also located on the California Department of Education's website at: www.cde.ca.gov/morganhillcase
Aviso Importante para los Padres con Respecto a la Divulgación de los Expedientes de los Alumnos
Pero el CDE tiene la obligación de informar a los padres o alumnos que el tribunal le ha ordenado que presente documentos y/o datos que incluyen dicha información individual personalmente identificable y que dichas personas pueden objetar directamente al tribunal sobre esta revelación. El CDE le está solicitando a los Distritos Escolares que hagan público el siguiente enlace (link) al sitio Web del CDE http://www.cde.ca.gov/morganhillcase
desde el 1ero de febrero de 2016 hasta el 1ero de abril de 2016.
Daily Air Quality | <urn:uuid:8bae04fa-2bf4-40f2-9c98-371bca138dc1> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.aesd.edu/cms/page_view?d=x&piid=&vpid=1352113614296 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281424.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00334-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.701075 | 566 | 1.632813 | 2 |
After you and your child mastered (so to speak) the Quick Guide to Architectural Literacy, you can take the things you learned about different styles and the time period when they were popular and try to apply them to buildings in your area—sort of like a history mystery!
A quick review of the architectural styles and time periods...
Early architecture in the US:
Colonial (1600-1700): Key features are symmetrical and simplified style with strong, distinctive shapes, usually squares and rectangles, often two stories in height, with rooms oriented towards a central chimney.
American Georgian (1700-1750): Symmetrical, with four rooms on each of the two stories, each room had its own fireplace.
Federal (1750-1850): Inspired by Thomas Jefferson, this style was influenced by Roman architecture so the architecture is a combination of form and function. You might often see pillars or columns on this style.
Neo-classicism (1800-1850): Closely tied to Federal, this style drew heavily from Greek architecture and grand structures such as Versailles, neo-classic buildings are often built outward in wings from the center. The Boston State House is a great example.
Later architecture in the US:
Eclecticism (1850-1900): These buildings are ornate with architecturally unnecessary flourishes. It draws on a variety of styles from around the world. It's why you might find a Medieval castle in Missouri or a Chinese temple style building in New York. The US Capitol in Washington, DC is a good example.
Academicism (1880-1900): The leading architect, HH Richardson, took classic theory and applied it in a modern design.This launched balloon framing—wood framing, which allowed quick building as westward expansion and population growth demanded. The Boston Public Library is a famous example.
Chicago School (1880-1900): This style is easy to identify: look up! Steel skeleton, large and tall are the key features of this style.
20th Century (1900 and on): This includes some wonderful styles such as Frank Lloyd Wright and California Pioneer, and some very modern styles such as Brutalism, Modernism and Skyscrapers.
Think like Dora the Explorer with her maps and clues and make it a fun game!
Find a few historically interesting buildings in your town and mark them on a map. Consider drawing the map with your child, and add in drawn details as observations during your tour. Make sure you have all the "answers" on a separate piece of paper for yourself and bring a notebook to write down all the clues.
To find out about historical buildings in your city, try Googling historical buildings+tour+YOUR CITY. You can also check with a historical or preservation society, or the local American Institute of Architects. Any of those groups should be able to help you choose interesting buildings that are close enough for a walking tour, and help you find details for your historical architectural tour.
Start your journey with three clue questions about each building, for example:
1. Does the building look old or new?
2. Is it simple or ornate?
3. Does it look like the other buildings around it?
Note your clues, compare architectural style descriptions and try to decide which style the building best resembles and when that means it was probably built. Add your notes and observations and find the answers!
For the finale, have a fun end destination in mind, such as an ice cream shop.
Architecture is the art and science of designing and erecting buildings. It's all around us, any building or house. teaching children a little about architecture, and to pay attention to the buildings around us, is a fun exercise. This is a very shor... read more
The winter holidays are a wonderful time to give your kids a new building toy. A high-quality construction set is just the thing to keep kids occupied indoors during the cold weather months, and building toys get a big thumbs up from teachers and chi... read more | <urn:uuid:246591d8-f1fc-44ee-bc39-13ea4773d4ee> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.savvysource.com/parenting/11772-when-was-this-built-how-to-take-a-history-tour-of-buildings-in-your-town-with-your-preschooler | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721027.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00550-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.948682 | 837 | 3.734375 | 4 |
New Law for Credit Freezes and Fraud Alerts
Looking for stronger ways to protect your credit? Thanks to a new federal law titled S.2155 – Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act you will soon able to get free credit freezes and year-long fraud alerts.
The new legislation will make placing, lifting, and permanently removing freezes free no matter where you live. It also requires consumer rating companies to fulfill your request within one business day if made online or over the phone, and within three business days if requested by mail.
Lisa Weintraub Schifferle, who is an attorney in the Federal Trade Commission, Division of Consumer & Business Education, summarizes the law which will took effect on September 21, 2018.
Free credit freezes
- What is it? A credit freeze restricts access to your credit file, making it harder for identity thieves to open new accounts in your name. Usually you get a PIN to use each time you want to freeze and unfreeze your account to apply for new credit.
- What’s new? Currently, credit freezes may involve fees, based on state law. Starting this fall, it will be free to freeze and unfreeze your credit file throughout the country.
Free child credit freezes
- What is it? A child credit freeze allows you to freeze a child’s credit file until the child is old enough to use credit.
- What’s new? Currently, some state laws allow you to freeze a child’s credit file. Starting September 21st, no matter where you live, you’ll be able to get a free credit freeze for children under age 16. Note: If the child does not have a credit file, the new law directs the bureaus to create one, and then freeze it.
Year-long fraud alerts
- What is it? A fraud alert will tell any business that runs your credit that they should check with you before opening a new account.
- What’s new? Currently, fraud alerts last 90 days. Starting this fall, an initial fraud alert will last for one year. It will still be free and identity theft victims can still get an extended fraud alert for seven years.
While the new law has a long name the outcome is simple. When the law takes effect in September, Equifax, Experian and TransUnion must each set up a webpage for requesting fraud alerts and credit freezes. The FTC will also post links to those webpages on IdentityTheft.gov.
And if you’re in the military, there’s more. Within a year, credit reporting agencies must offer free electronic credit monitoring to all active duty military.
There is an exception area within the new law:
“(4) EXCEPTIONS.—A security freeze shall not apply to the making of a consumer report for use of the following:
“(A) A person or entity, or a subsidiary, affiliate, or agent of that person or entity, or an assignee of a financial obligation owed by the consumer to that person or entity, or a prospective assignee of a financial obligation owed by the consumer to that person or entity in conjunction with the proposed purchase of the financial obligation, with which the consumer has or had prior to assignment an account or contract including a demand deposit account, or to whom the consumer issued a negotiable instrument, for the purposes of reviewing the account or collecting the financial obligation owed for the account, contract, or negotiable instrument. For purposes of this subparagraph, ‘reviewing the account’ includes activities related to account maintenance, monitoring, credit line increases, and account upgrades and enhancements.
“(B) Any Federal, State, or local agency, law enforcement agency, trial court, or private collection agency acting pursuant to a court order, warrant, or subpoena.
“(C) A child support agency acting pursuant to part D of title IV of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 651 et seq.).
“(D) A Federal agency or a State or its agents or assigns acting to investigate fraud or acting to investigate or collect delinquent taxes or unpaid court orders or to fulfill any of its other statutory responsibilities, provided such responsibilities are consistent with a permissible purpose under section 604.
Credit Freeze FAQs – Based on Current Law
If you’re concerned about identity theft, those reported mega-data breaches, or someone gaining access to your credit report without your permission, you might consider placing a credit freeze on your report.
Question: What is a credit freeze?
Also known as a security freeze, this tool lets you restrict access to your credit report, which in turn makes it more difficult for identity thieves to open new accounts in your name. That’s because most creditors need to see your credit report before they approve a new account. If they can’t see your file, they may not extend the credit.
Question: Does a credit freeze affect my credit score?
No. A credit freeze does not affect your credit score.
A credit freeze also does not:
- prevent you from getting your free annual credit report
- keep you from opening a new account, applying for a job, renting an apartment, or buying insurance. But if you’re doing any of these, you’ll need to lift the freeze temporarily, either for a specific time or for a specific party, say, a potential landlord or employer. The cost and lead times to lift a freeze vary, so it’s best to check with the credit reporting company in advance.
- prevent a thief from making charges to your existing accounts. You still need to monitor all bank, credit card and insurance statements for fraudulent transactions.
Question: Does a credit freeze stop prescreened credit offers?
No. If you want to stop getting prescreened offers of credit, call 888-5OPTOUT (888-567-8688) or go to https://www.optoutprescreen.com/?rf=t. The phone number and website are operated by the nationwide credit reporting companies. You can opt out for five years or permanently. However, some companies send offers that are not based on prescreening, and your federal opt-out right will not stop those kinds of solicitations.
As you consider opting out, you should know that prescreened offers can provide many benefits, especially if you are in the market for a credit card or insurance. Prescreened offers can help you learn about what’s available, compare costs, and find the best product for your needs. Because you are pre-selected to receive the offer, you can be turned down only under limited circumstances. The terms of prescreened offers also may be more favorable than those that are available to the general public. In fact, some credit card or insurance products may be available only through prescreened offers.
Question: Can anyone see my credit report if it is frozen?
Certain entities still will have access to it.
- your report can be released to your existing creditors or to debt collectors acting on their behalf.
- government agencies may have access in response to a court or administrative order, a subpoena, or a search warrant.
- See the Exceptions area above for more information.
Question: How do I place a freeze on my credit reports?
Contact each of the nationwide credit reporting companies:
You’ll need to supply your name, address, date of birth, Social Security number and other personal information. Currently, fees vary based on where you live, but commonly range from $5 to $10.
After receiving your freeze request, each credit reporting company will send you a confirmation letter containing a unique PIN (personal identification number) or password. Keep the PIN or password in a safe place. You will need it if you choose to lift the freeze.
One more credit freeze to consider
Another national credit-reporting agency, the National Consumer Telecommunications and Utilities Exchange (NCTUE), has recently revealed itself to be powered by Equifax. The NCTUE is a member-owned database where phone, utility and cable companies exchange source-anonymous information on service requests, payment history, and historical account status and/or fraudulent accounts. Because the NCTUE is governed by the Fair Credit Reporting Act, consumers can request their “disclosure reports” from the agency as well.
- You can obtain a credit freeze on your NCTUE Disclosure Report under state law or the Exchange Service Center voluntary security freeze program by calling 1-866-349-5355. You can also mail your request to:
NCTUE Security Freeze
P.O. Box 105561
Atlanta, GA 30348
Question: How do I lift (remove or unfreeze) a freeze?
In a few states, credit freezes expire after seven years. In the vast majority of states, a freeze remains in place until you ask the credit reporting company to temporarily lift it or remove it altogether. A credit reporting company must lift a freeze no later than three business days after getting your request. The cost to lift a freeze varies by state.
If you opt for a temporary lift because you are applying for credit or a job, and you can find out which credit reporting company the business will contact for your file, you can save some money by lifting the freeze only at that particular company. To do a temporary thaw of your NCTUE credit freeze call 1-866-349-5355 or write to the address in the prior question.
Question: What’s the difference between a credit freeze and a fraud alert?
A credit freeze locks down your credit. A fraud alert allows creditors to get a copy of your credit report as long as they take steps to verify your identity. For example, if you provide a telephone number, the business must call you to verify whether you are the person making the credit request. Fraud alerts may be effective at stopping someone from opening new credit accounts in your name, but they may not prevent the misuse of your existing accounts. You still need to monitor all bank, credit card and insurance statements for fraudulent transactions.
Three types of fraud alerts are available:
- Initial Fraud Alert. If you’re concerned about identity theft, but haven’t yet become a victim, this fraud alert will protect your credit from unverified access for at least 90 days. You may want to place a fraud alert on your file if your wallet, Social Security card, or other personal, financial or account information are lost or stolen.
- Extended Fraud Alert. For victims of identity theft, an extended fraud alert will protect your credit for seven years.
- Active Duty Military Alert. For those in the military who want to protect their credit while deployed, this fraud alert lasts for one year.
To place a fraud alert on your credit reports, contact one of the nationwide credit reporting companies. A fraud alert is free. The company you call must tell the other credit reporting companies; they, in turn, will place an alert on their versions of your report.
Identity Theft Protection
Identity theft is the crime of using another person’s personal information, credit history or other identifying characteristics in order to make purchases or borrow money without that person’s permission and/or impersonate that person.
Credit freezes and fraud alerts can only do so much; however, you may want to go further to protect your personal and financial information especially in this increasingly digital world. There are identity theft protection companies to help your private information stay private. You may want to check out the 10 Best Identity Theft Protection Services – 2018’s Top-Rated Companies.
“It’s important to remember that no one can prevent identity theft. Companies may not always be able to prevent your information from being stolen, which is why they offer service guarantees and insurance to help and protect you if you become a victim.”
Information within this article was gleaned from various articles from the Federal Trade Commission. | <urn:uuid:652bf629-331e-4a3a-8904-b924f455c68e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://csquest.oucpm.org/credit-freezes-and-identity-concerns/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573197.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818124424-20220818154424-00669.warc.gz | en | 0.928284 | 2,489 | 1.890625 | 2 |
The template files that are shipped with many products that use the HHR do not contain the line that will instruct the RIP to fail in the case of missing fonts. This can be easily added to the bottom of the template file for the device you are needing to implement this change in behavior for.
The template files contain dictionaries for various settings. The command to stop processing and fail an incoming file that is missing fonts is a single line and exists outside of dictionary entries. Dictionaries begin with << and end with >>. This line needs to exist outside of any dictionary entry. The entry also needs to be placed before %%EOF.
The specific line of code is as follows:
/HqnMissingFonts /ProcSet findresource begin missingfonts end
Here is an example insertion of the line that causes the intended behavior of the RIP:
In the absence of a %%EOF line, just add the code as the last line of the file. For example:
Once the entry is in place, you can test the behavior of the RIP by sending a job through with missing fonts (file attached for testing purposes).
Expected behavior when attempting to print a job that is missing a font:
The template files are located in two places. For the high resolution RIP used for production they are located here:
C:\Navigator\Navigator\Config\RenderConfig\Templates\<your device type>
For the thumbnail RIP they are located here:
Inevitably the question will come up as to how to know this before attempting to print the job. Aside from purchasing the Preflight workflow option, it is possible to modify the config files for the thumbnail operation as well. Though this won't directly throw an error, the thumbnail itself will fail to generate. That can be an indication to the end user that there may be a problem. | <urn:uuid:26e254d1-6626-466d-9af0-ec75b8216681> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://help.xitron.com/support/solutions/articles/1000311615-making-the-hhr-fail-to-render-if-fonts-are-missing | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00266.warc.gz | en | 0.923806 | 399 | 1.59375 | 2 |
The KORE Team is the junior freerider’s bridge between the frontside and backside in a light, maneuverable ski. The KORE Team gives kids control and stability on the slopes, thanks to a layup made from materials with a high strength-to-weight ratio. The durable topsheet holds up to active young skiers, while tip and tail rocker adds flotation and makes turn initiation a breeze.
Head Kore Team with Head SX 9 Team Binding
- Sandwich Cap Construction
- Topless Tech
- Highly transparent UHM Base
- Tip-Tail Rocker
- GRAPHENE is the thinnest and lightest element ever discovered by mankind. GRAPHENE is also the strongest material on the planet, stronger than diamond and 300 times stronger than steel, all in the thickness of one atom. | <urn:uuid:7ffc9c34-7732-4b62-a1de-5beb4b048b70> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.abom.ca/products/head-kore-team-with-head-sx-team-binding/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00477.warc.gz | en | 0.833979 | 187 | 1.507813 | 2 |
MacroMonitor Market Trends is a newsletter from the Consumer Financial Decisions group that highlights topical news and trends of interest to you and your colleagues. If you would like more information about the items in the newsletter or would like to discuss other ways that we can assist you in your research and marketing efforts, please contact us.
In this issue:
What If the Wealthy Stop Spending?
Recently, a New York Times article made the point that the 2009 recovery was primarily due to affluent households' overcoming the uncertainty that others felt and coming back to spending. However, in 2010, the recovery has lost momentum, and some people believe that that loss is because the wealthy have slowed down their spending. The top 5% of consumers account for a disproportionately large amount of consumer spending, especially for nonessentials—sometimes as much as a third of all outlays. The MacroMonitor trend of households that would spend a $25,000 windfall on something the household wants provides supporting evidence that the wealthy were key to supporting the recovery.
The trend by annual household income indicates a pattern for households making less than $100,000: Spending went up throughout the 1990s. This same pattern is evident for households with $200,000 or more in income. However, once we cross Y2K, the spending pattern becomes more erratic: Households with less than $75,000 in annual income become more likely to say that they would spend this windfall, and households with $150,000 or more say that they are less likely to do so. The pattern for households between $75,000 and $150,000 tends to jump up and down.
What is particularly interesting and revealing is what happens between 2008 and 2009. When the same households that we interviewed in the spring and summer of 2008—before the fall—answered the same $25,000 windfall question in February 2009, fewer households from every income range said that they would spend it (significant for households with incomes of less than $75,000). The exception was households making $200,000 or more. Significantly more of these households say that they would spend this windfall than said so when they were interviewed a year before.
Having higher incomes and being willing to spend them right at the bottom of the market decline may be the height of contrarian behavior. However, since the market nadir, many signs—continued unemployment, lower consumer confidence, increased market volatility—have indicated that the economy is not roaring back to full health. If, as the New York Times article suggests, the wealthy have pulled back their spending, then unless other segments begin to spend more (and few have the resources to do so), this recovery may be on hold. When the 2010–11 MacroMonitor data become available this fall, we will have critical additional evidence about the state of spending among the wealthy, the mass affluent, and the mass markets.
Don't Worry, Be Happy
This article is the first in a series featuring CFD's new Leverage Points analysis. We base Leverage Points on groups of attitudes in the MacroMonitor data that form cohesive themes. For this first article, we chose from the 27 Leverage Points one that has a large number of defining attitudes and both "agree" and "disagree" components: Satisfied and Confident. The attitudes that inform this Leverage Point are:
- Agreement with:
- I am currently in a position to meet my long-term financial goals.
- I am confident that my retirement savings and investments are sufficiently diversified.
- I am satisfied with my household's current financial situation.
- I am confident that my savings are sufficient to tide me over in case of illness or disability.
- I am confident that my savings and investments are sufficiently diversified.
- My investments are so good that I don't need any new life insurance.
- Disagreement with:
- I'm afraid my household is not saving enough for its future needs.
- I am worried that I will not be able to get a loan when I need one.
- I don't have as much life insurance protection as I should.
In addition to the direct measures that give this Leverage Point its name, several other elements—such as sufficient savings to handle emergencies, comfort with diversification of investments, and knowing that credit is readily available if necessary—correlate with being Satisfied and Confident. It is interesting that having sufficient life insurance (or not needing any) is a characteristic that the households that score high on this Leverage Point all share.
Figure 2 shows how households in our Life Stage segments index for inclusion in the top quartile of scores for the Satisfied and Confident Leverage Point. An index of 121 or more is above average, an index of 80 or less is below average, and an index from 81 to 120 is an average incidence of inclusion in the top quartile of scores. First, we segment households by Life Stage on the basis of the age of the oldest dependent child—regardless of age or retirement status of the primary head. Next, we identify households that are retired and split them into Younger-Retired and Older-Retired segments on the basis of the age of the primary head of household—the cut is at age 70. We separate households with no kids and not retired on the basis of whether the primary head of household is younger than 45 years of age or 45+. Households in the 45-and-older group are Preretired. We classify households younger than age 45 on the basis of marital status: Single No Child or Married No Child.
When analyzing Figure 2, we look for segments that are not average—ones that either over- or underindex—because they are significantly more or less likely (statistically) to demonstrate the characteristic we call "Satisfied and Confident." When we compare a segment that overindexes with one that underindexes, we know that members of the groups are likely to be very far apart on this characteristic. The case is so for the Single No Child (index = 54) and the Married No Child (index = 125) Life Stage segments. Without further investigation, we can't be sure whether the increased chance for financial bliss is due just to having a committed relationship or whether two incomes is the key. We can be very confident, however, that we cannot speak to all child-free households with the same voice when trying to move them on an issue or purchase decision where the Satisfied and Confident dimension is important (see the July 2010 newsletter article "The Dynamic Challenge of Serving Child-Free Households").
Not surprisingly, the chart also suggests that the Life Stages with younger children place the greatest strain on households' financial comfort. Time, however, tends to be kind to many households, providing the opportunity to improve financial circumstances or, perhaps, just grow comfortable with life as it turned out. These data tell that those of us who actually make it to retirement have a better-than-average chance of finding financial contentment. So don't worry, be happy, and find a way to save along the way.
CFD Hosts Harnessing the Power of Leverage Points in the New Normal Webinar
To meet the new challenges that the financial-services industry faces, the Consumer Financial Decisions team has used the MacroMonitor's extensive battery of financial attitudes to develop 27 Leverage Points to provide competitive and consumer insights. On 27 July 2010, CFD hosted the third in a series of half-hour Webinars—Harnessing the Power of Leverage Points in the New Normal—that described how organizations can use Leverage Points to position themselves more effectively and create more compelling selling propositions for their products and services. Leverage Points can be useful to describe consumer segments—not define them—and can be a very useful way to understand better how consumer segments differ so that organizations can leverage those differences to market their products and services. Specifically, Leverage Points can be useful to:
- Evaluate the effectiveness of your current segmentation(s)
- Build richer, more insightful segments
- Develop strategies for the New Normal.
Because attitudes tend to shift before actual behaviors do, gaining a better understanding of consumers' psyches now is more important than ever as we enter this New Normal. To learn more how your organization can benefit from Leverage Points, email us at to obtain a copy of our Webinar. | <urn:uuid:9aa045c9-fd5d-4813-8e6c-8c06abd5c7fb> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://strategicbusinessinsights.com/cfd/newsletter/2010/2010-08.shtml | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279410.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00174-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.959563 | 1,723 | 2.125 | 2 |
This post is an excerpt from the Maximo 76 Scripting Features guide.
We can control whether we can add or delete a Mbo using scripting Object Launchpoint “Allow Object Deletion” and “Allow Object Creation”.
This is an Object Launch Point – “Allow Object Creation” where you can control whether you can add a new Mbo, given the current state of the system. This point pairs up with the canAdd callback that we have in the MboSet framework.
Lets take a use case where we want to validate that a POLINE can be added to a PO only when the PO has the vendor information set.
The script code to do that is shown below:
if mboset.getOwner() is not None and mboset.getOwner().getName()=="PO" and mboset.getOwner().isNull("vendor"): service.error("po", "novendor_noline")
Note that here, there is no implicit variable called “mbo” as the launch point is invoked before the Mbo is created. At that point all you have is the MboSet (implicit variable “mboset”) for the POLINE.
If you are wondering why this cannot be done using the init Object launch point, the answer is that its little too late. At that point the Mbo has already been created and added to the set. Rejecting it at the point would have not helped.
Similar to the “Can Add”, this Object Launch Point helps validate whether a Mbo can be deleted or not. Going with the POLINE object, say we want to enforce a validation that the line should not be deleted, if the PO is of priority 1.
if mbo.getOwner() is not None and mbo.getOwner().getName()=="PO" and !mbo.getOwner().isNull("priority") and mbo.getOwner().getInt("priority")==1: service.error("po","nolinedelete_forpriority1")
Note that in this case, the mbo is already there (which we are trying to validate for deletion) and hence we can leverage implicit variable mbo to do the validation. | <urn:uuid:e28be95a-8319-4494-bb24-e38a8bf05324> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bportaluri.com/2019/11/maximo-scripting-can-delete-add-object-launch-point.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00670.warc.gz | en | 0.885457 | 485 | 1.53125 | 2 |
Love it or loathe it, want it or not - we are drowning in junk mail.
A survey into the amount being stuffed into letterboxes has found the average household receives about 33 kilograms every year - about the weight of a golden retriever.
But whether or not you want it, there's little you can do to stop it. There are no rules to restrict what can be put in your mailbox, regardless of how many "no junk mail" signs you stick on it.
Now a new company is trying to battle the plague online, and it is getting the backing of local government.
A survey by Ecomailbox tracked the amount of junk mail deposited in Invercargill letterboxes for 12 months and found that, on average, each household received 985 pieces weighing 33.1kg. Of those, 95 were sent by The Warehouse. A survey in Auckland returned similar results, Ecomailbox spokeswoman Charlene Fitisemanu said.
But The Warehouse is defending its marketing strategy - and took issue with the "junk mail" label.
"We don't use the 'junk mail' method; we distribute mailers to customers' homes because it is a highly effective and popular way of communicating directly with our customers about the great bargains available in our stores," marketing general manager Lorraine Breheny said.
The Warehouse's research found 84 per cent of people would use its mailers, and some customers walked around the stores carrying them.
"Not everyone has internet access, and we know that many of our customers prefer a hard copy to browse."
There are no rules governing junk mail, but there is a voluntary National Code of Practice for the Distribution of Unaddressed Mail, administered by the New Zealand Marketing Association.
It includes a regulation that "unaddressed mail must not be delivered to letterboxes displaying a ‘No Unaddressed Mail', ‘No Junk Mail', or ‘No Circulars' sign".
It also says unaddressed mail should not be delivered to letterboxes that are already full, and distributors should reduce waste where possible.
Ecomailbox was set up to combat junk mail. People who sign up are sent a durable "no junk mail" sign for their letterbox, and companies can sign up to have their catalogues posted online, so people can still look at deals they are interested in.
Fitisemanu said more than 150,000 stickers had been distributed and the project had received backing from 14 councils, including the nine in the Wellington region, after the Regional Waste Forum signed up to support it.
Forum member Jackie Elliott, who represents Kapiti Coast District Council, said it was a good option for households.
"It is an excellent way to deal with a mountain of circulars, using the internet to ensure householders don't miss out on great deals."
Nikki Styles, of Newlands, 33, said she had mixed feelings about junk mail. Her letterbox was "usually bulging with it", but if she wanted a big-ticket item she was more likely to shop around and research online than use catalogues.
However, she liked to drop hints to her husband about good gift ideas by circling items and leaving the mailers in an obvious place. "It's kind of nice to go through it and dream."
Junk mail had also proved educational for daughters Olivia, 5, and Charlotte, 2, she said - she used supermarket catalogues for maths lessons, by asking them to work out what they could get for $100.
Marketing Association chief executive Michael Pryor said unaddressed mail was cost-effective for advertisers aiming to reach a lot of people or specific geographic regions.
"The public are advertising and media savvy, and as a result increasingly skilled at filtering out material that isn't relevant to them, that's poorly targeted or not respectful of best-practice ways of using the medium.
"Beauty . . . is in the eye of the beholder. It's really no different for advertising mediums. They all generate different levels of response, and this response can and does fundamentally change all the time, depending on how effective companies have been at engaging the interest/attention of a consumer."
- The Dominion Post | <urn:uuid:0058d7cc-d8d6-44b2-8923-207ef486e691> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.stuff.co.nz/national/10339553/You-ve-got-junk-mail-33kg-of-it | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281353.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00064-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964076 | 874 | 2.0625 | 2 |
Under the American Rescue Plan, President Biden has made it even easier to get health insurance by extending access to silver plans for no cost to anyone who has received unemployment assistance in the last year.
Ten years ago, the Affordable Care Act made it easier than ever to get health insurance. Now, under the American Rescue Plan, President Biden has made it even easier by extending access to silver plans for no cost to anyone who has received unemployment assistance in the last year. President Biden understands that everyone deserves quality, affordable health care – especially during a pandemic.
That’s why he opened up a special enrollment period in the health care marketplace for everyone that goes until this Sunday, August 15th. If you or anyone you know doesn’t have health insurance, there’s still time to sign up. Find the plan that works best at HealthCare.gov.
That’s right, those who’ve collected unemployment this year are eligible to obtain silver plans at NO COST! Many others can save through lower premiums, too. If you still haven’t signed up for a health care plan, get yourself and loved ones covered today at healthcare.gov.
ore than 413,000 Floridians who now have access to quality, affordable health care because of President Biden and Congressional Democrats. More people in Florida have signed up for ACA coverage than in any other state. To sign up or find out more information about what plans are available, go to healthcare.gov!
Thank you for your commitment to building healthy communities, | <urn:uuid:23b60c75-bcf1-42c6-8239-191d863b7dfd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://progressflorida.org/health-care-pandemic-and-you/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00678.warc.gz | en | 0.964732 | 315 | 1.585938 | 2 |
Is Islam compatible with Democracy? This is a question that has been sticking in the minds and on the tongues of many westerners and Muslim secularists. The real question is not whether Islam is adaptable with democracy, but is it adaptable with democratic laws and socio-economic values?
This is a $500,000 question, unless you are in Qatar, where the ruling family finds a way to combine social Islamic values with modernity. Such a case creates a conceptualization of democracy and soft capitalism à la Qatar. Evidently, it cannot be compatible with western societal values. However, Islamic political theory, the source of inspiration and reference of the legalist Islamists, who seem to accept democracy and modern capitalism.
The Islamist ideology that provides the definition for other religious adjectives is associated with the Islamists’ socio-political project, which complements the concept of democracy as a whole.
The State of Israel does not have a written constitution, it has arrived at a combination between theocracy and democracy, i.e., Jewish democracy. Political parties in Europe inspired by the center-right ideology contain a solid dose of Christian values, and are proud to announce their political program from those values, like the CDU in Germany, the right-wing party in Spain, and the MoDem party and even les Républicains in France.
This puts the on going dialectic narrative within the Muslim and Arab societies explicitly in Turkey with AKParti and the Brothers in the post-Arab Spring, where the Islamists emerged as an alternative force. One could argue that Islamic values of pluralism have already established themselves, in spite of the rational and historical determinants that direct the theme to be only a result of its determination and exercise.
This is criticized by the local secularists and skeptical westerners because according to them, the negation of freedom is an essential dimension of the human condition. This debate is taking place in Tunisia, Algeria, Turkey and Egypt (is less because the Brothers were banned from power!) over the elaboration of a new constitution.
Under these political conditions, the instrumentalization of Islamic pluralism becomes easier for the neo-conservative/Islamism social class to go from a middle-class to the creation of an “Islamic” bourgeois class. It draws a parallel with the economic prosperity in Qatar, Indonesia and Turkey. Nonetheless, this argument of the Islamists in Morocco is weak because of local politics and its imperatives with the King Mohammed VI.
Qatar for instance has a flow of liquidity that is heavily invested in education and real estate, it offers even a decent prosperity to Arab and Muslim expatriates that they lack in their own countries. On the other hand, the Islamists’ free market, trade and banking model has an attentive ear in the Tunisia and Morocco, though the Islamists believe in commerce in terms of macro-economy.
The lack of social and economic opportunity make these newly democratically-elected governments in these countries face serious democratic challenges from the lower class that is their voting reservoir.
In Morocco, the people are frustrated with their resettling fight between the Islamist government and the so-called liberal forces, in Algeria they are worried about the deep financial crisis. Tunisia still does not know, which path it should take involving change and continuity in its economic program in a coalition national government, knowing it does not possess many options besides tourism.
The a-Nahdhda party, however seems to be seeking a realistic strategy to adjust between Sharia, martini and bikini. It is a crucial question for the Islamists to explain their approach on how to distinguish between the text and the context of the Sharia.
The acceleration of this process could clash with economic globalization and President Trump administration in the U.S. The main stake for the Islamists is in the conquest of power by democratic means through elections as it is happening now. Economists worry about their economic agenda, knowing the Islamists in North Africa and the Middle East (MENA) appeal to the masses like Robin Hood, unlike in the Gulf, where they are patronizing the nationals.
Here is another question that deserves to be asked when it comes to their macro-economic public policy: Are they going to favor the emergence of a “neo-bourgeoisie” aimed at the masses? In Algeria, one finds huge market control by the Islamists in the sense of parallel economy, an economy of the bazaar. In this case, is not only this parasite economic class operating in the local anarchic code, but it is destroying any creation of wealth and development, to some extent helping to collapse the consumer’s purchasing power and the local currency.
The Islamists have become a horizontal alternative to the status quo, despite the fact that they are questioned about their political and economic motif and agenda for using Islam, the secularists believe that the exigence of Unity in Islam disallows any idea of division within the nation of al-Oumah al-Islamiya (the Islamic nation) into clans and factions. In the Koran the term Hezb (party), which in the current Arab-Muslim countries serves to indicate a party in the modern sense of the term, is pejoratively employed.
In the 1920’s in Syria, Iraq and Turkey a secular movement that was the voice of modernity arose within the Arab societies out of the post-Ottoman Empire dislocation, replacing political religious sentiments with secular values.
This political movement put the modern structures of the nation-state in Iraq and Syria pre-the U.S. invasion and Syrian civil war in place and paved the road to a political Arab elite, adopting the ideas of democratic values, which led to the creation of al-Ba’ath (the Resurrection) of the Arab nation! Such a movement was contrary to the Islamists, who were nostalgic and saddened by the death of the Islamic Caliphate under the reign of the Ottoman Empire in 1928.
This initiated the dichotomy between Islamists’ and nationalists’ societal paradigms and objectives.
In 1979 the Islamic Revolution led by Imam al-Khoumeini in Iran not only regenerated the Islamic ideology, but was considered the rebirth of the Islamist political project across the Muslim countries, even though the mainstream Sunni Islamist leaders and militants did not share al-Khoumeini’s doctrine and agenda.
In Algeria, Dr. Abassi Madani (the leader of the ex-F.I.S.) was asked once about the Mullah’s model in Tehran and he responded explaining his party’s difference with Iran, saying: “… Not to get confused between sugar and salt, they look the same, but they taste different.” Nonetheless, the Islamists implicitly supported al-Khoumeini in his war against Saddam’s regime because they identified the fight as one between secularism and Islamism.
The latter is more plausible following the current events in the region with the implication of the de-westernization process. Thus it follows a divine order versus secular order, a-shoura versus secular democracy.
In sum, Arab and Muslim political consciousness is heading toward a neo-patriarchal “bourgeoisie” between the emerging actors, the Islamists, the military and the Royal families in Morocco, eventually in Jordan and Qatar and Kuwait will reach a social order that should implement the rule of laws, with inclusive public policies and justice for all. | <urn:uuid:8ea3feaa-9f7a-4ed3-b9c6-64d17fa95b46> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.straturka.com/shoura-cracy-democracy-and-islamic-economy-toward-the-emerging-of-neo-bourgeoisie/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817032054-20220817062054-00468.warc.gz | en | 0.946737 | 1,517 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Did You Know? Public Shade Tree Law
One of the clearest signs that you have entered Weston from other towns is the abundance of shade trees along Weston’s roads. You don’t even need the sign on 117 from Waltham that says “Entering Weston” because you can tell immediately that have you crossed into the “next station to heaven”- gorgeous trees, including one amazing sycamore on the road west to tree heaven–one town to the north, Lincoln. Yes, Lincoln wins for now, but the Owl refuses to give up the war. Except if they involve their Minute Men, and then Weston will wave the white flag. Yikes.
Unfortunately, when trees are not cared for routinely, or have asphalt up to their toes, or salt chucked on their roots, they get stressed. Sometimes their “friends” get cut down on either side, and suddenly they are battling the elements all on their own. White pines are particularly unhappy with change and stress–and come in for more than their fair share of criticism. In many cases, humans cause their own tree problems.
While I could digress for a long time about trees (I already have), the point here is that Massachussetts has a public shade tree law, and it governs what can be done with trees on public ways. While the tree warden (in Weston’s case, that is DPW Director Tom Cullen) can mark a tree for removal, all public shade trees get an appeal by way of a public hearing. (Full disclosure here: I took an arborist course this spring, but am not a certified arborist). If a public shade tree is removed by a private citizen without permission, said citizen is in big trouble–fines can be assessed and the town Lorax will pay a visit that will not be friendly.
Here’s the legalese:
Except as provided by section five, public shade trees shall not be cut, trimmed or removed, in whole or in part, by any person other than the tree warden or his deputy, even if he be the owner of the fee in the land on which such tree is situated, except upon a permit in writing from said tree warden, nor shall they be cut down or removed by the tree warden or his deputy or other person without a public hearing and said tree warden or his deputy shall cause a notice of the time and place of such hearing thereof, which shall identify the size, type and location of the shade tree or trees to be cut down or removed, to be posted in two or more public places in the town and upon the tree at least seven days before such hearing and published in a newspaper of general circulation in the city or town once in each of two successive weeks, the first publication to be not less than seven days before the day of the hearing or if no such local newspaper exists then in accordance with the provisions of section six of chapter four; provided, however, that when a public hearing must be held under the provisions of this section and under section fifteen C of chapter forty prior to the cutting or removal of a tree, such hearings shall be consolidated into a single public hearing before the tree warden and the planning board, or if there is no planning board, the selectmen of a town or the city council of a city, and notice of such consolidated public hearing shall be given by the tree warden or his deputy as provided herein. Any person injured in his property by the action of the officers in charge of the public shade trees as to the trimming, cutting, removal or retention of any such tree, or as to the amount awarded to him for the same, may recover the damages, if any, which he has sustained, from the town under chapter seventy-nine.
And of course, because it is a law, there are amendments–or rather clarifications–in section 5, having to do with hazard trees, smaller trees, etc.
All public trees (or even homeowners’ private trees, if you ask me) should undergo a careful risk assessment before removal. A standard tree risk assessment includes tree health evaluation, site assessment and “target” risk. Targets can be human, or utility poles or buildings. The key question is can the target be moved, because 80 year-old swamp oaks cannot. Here’s the ISA (International Society of Arboriculture) risk assessment form–ask your certified arborist to use it. Long-term careful maintenance is critical to Weston’s trees–and it is not inexpensive if one looks only at costs (I see you, Fin Com). Weston is fortunate to have a Tree Advisory Group which looks out for the trees–contact them if you have questions.
Trees can’t speak (to us) and they can’t move, but they do want to live. One can only hope that Weston finds a way to a tree by-law which will protect the towns biggest asset, the trees, even on private land. In the mean time, public trees in Weston are protected under Massachusetts General Law. Now you know. | <urn:uuid:9927ed35-68c6-44d6-b9cb-52852b9473e0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://westonowl.com/2021/03/04/did-you-know-public-shade-tree-law/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00675.warc.gz | en | 0.958213 | 1,059 | 2.015625 | 2 |
The Praying Mantis is a predatory insect with nearly 2,000 species around the world. According to many experts, the mantis is closely related to cockroaches. Other relatives commonly sited are stick insects and grasshoppers.
The adult praying mantis ranges in size from a centimeter to several inches in length. They feed upon many pest insects and are, therefore, beneficial garden residents.
Despite their large size, spiked bodies and predatory nature, the mantis shouldn't be considered a danger to humans. Although related to the cockroach, the mantis is not a known vector for human pathogens. I have read of a couple occassions of mantids biting humans, but it is probably rare; the danger of such a bite is probably limited to those who happen to be allergic to the mantis itself--a diagnosis of which is probably even rarer.
I have handled several dozen wild mantids in my life. None have shown signs of aggression. Generally speaking, the mantis will try to flee by hopping or flying away. | <urn:uuid:101ed0ed-63c5-457b-836d-6f9036e56c8c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://prayingmantis.shawnolson.net/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00668.warc.gz | en | 0.966901 | 214 | 2.734375 | 3 |
To build, deploy, and run the application using NetBeans IDE, do the following:
Start the Application Server, if it is not already running.
In NetBeans IDE, choose Open Project from the File menu.
In the Open Project dialog, navigate to tut-install/javaeetutorial5/examples/jms/.
Select the clientsessionmdb folder.
Select the Open as Main Project check box and the Open Required Projects check box.
Click Open Project.
Right-click the clientsessionmdb project and choose Build.
This task creates the following:
An application client JAR file that contains the client class file and the session bean’s remote interface, along with a manifest file that specifies the main class
An EJB JAR file that contains both the session bean and the message-driven bean
An application EAR file that contains the two JAR files
Right-click the project and choose Undeploy and Deploy.
Right-click the project and choose Run.
This command returns a JAR file named clientsessionmdbClient.jar and then executes it.
The output of the application client in the Output pane looks like this:
To view the bean output, check <install_dir>/domains/domain1/logs/server.log.
The output from the enterprise beans appears in the server log (domain-dir/logs/server.log), wrapped in logging information. The Publisher session bean sends two sets of 18 messages numbered 0 through 17. Because of the message selector, the message-driven bean receives only the messages whose NewsType property is Sports or Opinion.
Undeploy the application after you finish running the client. To undeploy the application, follow these steps:
Click the Services tab.
Expand the Servers node.
Expand the Sun Java System Application Server node.
Expand the Applications node.
Expand the Enterprise Applications node.
Right-click clientsessionmdb and choose Undeploy.
To remove the generated files, right-click the clientsessionmdb project and choose Clean. | <urn:uuid:0b183411-016a-4681-84ff-da3ac5063a10> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19316-01/819-3669/bnchd/index.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285315.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00569-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.755781 | 441 | 2.109375 | 2 |
The company denied any wrongdoing but accepted there was a difference between its test results and actual pollution which, it said, was caused by its emissions filtering system not working in all temperatures. Ford and Mercedes have also come under scrutiny by French investigators after real-world NOx emissions in some of their diesel cars were found to far exceed lab tests, according to French newspaper Les Echos.
In Belgium official Opel dealers have been discovered modifying anti-pollution software in Zafira diesel cars without informing their customers. The software responsible for the functioning of exhaust after-treatment of Zafira 2014 series cars with a 1.6 diesel engine was being adjusted to have the cars emit three times less NOx than before the software update. Opel said the software update had “nothing to do with changing emission levels”.
Two Zafira cars, which were called in for servicing for reasons unrelated to air pollution, emitted 416 and 743 milligrams (mg) of NOx per km respectively before the recall, according to Belgian broadcaster VRT, while the EU legal limit is 80 mg. After the software update, expert laboratory and on-road testing found the cars’ emissions were dramatically reduced to 223 mg and 199 mg.
‘Opel needs to come clean on why this software was updated and its effect on the nitrogen oxide emissions,’ said Greg Archer. ‘It is not credible for the company to claim again and again that third-party tests are wrong and provide no valid explanation for why the emissions from their vehicles are so high.
‘We also need to know what the regulators knew about this software upgrade and whether it was approved. Carmakers seem to think they are above the law while regulators see their job as cushioning the industry. Both have forgotten their responsibilities to the public.’
Audi and Seat marques revise CO2 figures
The CO2 emissions and fuel economy figures for 36 Audi and Seat models have been revised in the wake of the Volkswagen emissions scandal, an investigation has revealed. Autocar.co.uk found that six Audi A1 variants, four Audi A4 variants, 26 Seat Leon and Seat Ibiza variants had their fuel efficieny ratings changed, as well as some exampes of the Audi Q3. The official CO2 emissions of the Seat Leon X-Perience SE Technology 2.0 TDI Auto increased by 10 grammes of CO2 per km from 129g/km to 139g/km.
Audi and Seat – both Volkswagen-owned marques – said owners of the vehicles affected would not be compensated for the changes, which they described as being part of routine updates. Customers who had already ordered the cars would be offered the chance to change model or cancel their order, while fleet owners would get a ‘financial gesture’ due to the increased tax liability.
Audi and Seat, as well as the Volkswagen group, denied a cover-up over the changes to fuel efficiency figures, which were quietly published in December. A Volkswagen spokesperson said: ‘Conformity of production testing is a regular and ongoing process, and such updates are us doing our business as usual. The changes were made public through the normal channels.’
Greg Archer commented: ‘It is clear Volkswagen with the help of national regulators are trying to cover over their past misdeeds. This collusion must stop.’ | <urn:uuid:cd321762-be35-447a-b9b6-a04c839d97c6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.transportenvironment.org/news/renault-recalls-15000-vehicles-while-opel-zafira-emissions-drop-after-software-update | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281162.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00529-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.975172 | 696 | 1.742188 | 2 |
[First published in Intelligent Enterprise, December 10, 2003]
As the minutia of everyday business and personal life migrates to the Internet, small wonder that text search is likely the Web’s most popular function. Who has time nowadays for Web surfing, for meandering through a network of linked pages until you come to something intriguing? We want the express train, a direct link to content. Yet text-search results sometimes seem like the generic wisdom you get randomly from a Magic 8 Ball: They’re so lacking in contextual relevance that they may answer many questions other than the one you’re asking. Text-search results lack the aptness that would follow from understanding the meaning of search terms — rather than just their presence or absence — and from the ability to assess the relevance of a search hit.
Text mining is poised to fill the void, structuring the information inherent in volumes of free text in ways that enable decidedly more intelligent search. There will still be a role for the thoughtful, manual classification and filtering that made Yahoo a winner from its earliest incarnation, and there will still be advantages to intentional, semantic-Web type efforts to categorize content for identification by automated agents. But just as data mining lets you discover hidden relationships in structured data and apply predictive algorithms, text mining will help identify value that you and the manual classifiers and Resource Description Framework wizards didn’t know existed.
Tired of search results presented as pages of hits? Text-mining software implements innovative display and navigation techniques that graphically represent networks of conceptually interrelated documents. Although plenty of pointless graphics, animation, and other whiz-bangs adorn the Web and office software, text-mining interfaces won’t be all glitz. They already harness hyperbolic (zooming) displays and other approaches that deliver results in a navigable, organized form that reflects the underlying structure of the result sets — approaches that add analytic value.
Text mining will let us move from knowledge management to knowledge analytics.
Everyone is familiar with the problem space: Languages and forms of communication are designed for human rather than machine consumption, but people’s daily lives are increasingly mediated by and reliant on information technology, creating a need for innovative modes of human-computer interaction. People and computers often meet halfway, communicating via simple, structured instruction sets tailored for particular processes like operating an automated teller machine. It isn’t feasible for people to go further by learning the variety of languages used to program more sophisticated transactions; instead we expect computers to understand our native languages.
This problem isn’t trivial because the meaning of words is highly dependent on context and may be obscured by slang, irregular grammar, fractured syntax, spelling errors and variations, and imprecision. Interpreting among languages is also difficult when you’re dealing with degrees of incomparability of syntax (composition), semantics (meaning), and alphabet. Humans can overcome these difficulties because we understand abstraction, context, and linguistic variations and can detect and apply patterns. We’re not so good on speed, volume, consistency, and breadth, by which I mean an individual’s ability to work in more than a handful of languages except in the most exceptional of cases.
The challenge — designing information technology that matches human language comprehension while bringing to bear the advantages of automation — defines the playing field for text mining.
The most pressing applications for text mining are first in corporate knowledge analytics — making use of the vast stores of non-numeric information that organizations collect in the course of everyday operations — and second in responding to amorphous security threats. I’ve been skeptical of knowledge management for as long as the field has existed, seeing it as little more than providing a search interface on a document warehouse. In particular, government research programs like the Department of Defense mooted Terrorism Information Awareness (TIA), originally known as Total Information Awareness, proposed to analyze very large volumes of structured and unstructured data to detect patterns and forestall terrorist attacks. Congress has had issues with TIA and similar programs and has eliminated their funding. As a result, the programs will likely “go black,” classified secret, continuing out of the spotlight of public scrutiny, funded via special appropriations.
Many companies and government agencies already use text mining, albeit for very specialized applications. Because competitiveness and security concerns will only grow in the coming years and text mining extends well-understood search and data mining concepts, the scope and pervasiveness of text-mining applications are bound to grow rapidly.
Techniques and Vendors
Text mining is a two-stage process of categorization and classification. First, you figure out how to describe documents and their contents including the concepts they contain, and then you bin documents into the descriptive categories and map inter-document relationships according to the newly detected concepts. This approach is similar to segmentation and classification through data mining; I see data mining’s clusters as analogous to text-mining-generated concepts. Once you have classified according to categories, you can do something akin to OLAP-style slice-and-dice analysis of multidimensional data sets in order to tease interesting details — anomalous or exceptional information — out of the larger document sets.
Barak Pridor, president of text-mining vendor ClearForest describes text-mining steps as “semantic, statistical, and structural analysis that classifies documents and discovers buried persistent entities, event, facts, and relationships” in a process he calls “intelligent hybrid tagging.” Pridor distinguishes document-level tags (descriptive elements like subject and author) from “inner document tags” that work with families of entity types (that is, with conceptual groupings).
Text-mining offerings are by no means uniform. For example, many implementations such as those from Autonomy derive or import taxonomies (hierarchical knowledge representations that include concept definitions) for use in classifying and relating documents. Autonomy’s director of technology strategy, Ron Kolb, claims, “Autonomy is unique in being mathematically based, using pattern matching and statistical analysis across multiple languages and multiple platforms.” Autonomy uses Bayesian statistics, which assess relevance based on prior probabilities, and Claude Shannon’s information theory to facilitate extracting concepts from document sets. The result is to contain the effect of the vagaries of human languages.
Not everyone agrees that a statistically focused approach to categorization is best. Claude Vogel, CTO of Convera, told me, “You cannot build high-level taxonomies and ontologies that way. You can’t escape the manual librarian-style work.” (Roughly put, an ontology provides meaning for a knowledge domain, while a taxonomy organizes that knowledge.) That doesn’t mean that you need an army of taxonomy builders to work with Convera’s RetrievalWare because, as with Autonomy’s products, you can import XML-expressed taxonomies. Convera also shares with Autonomy the distinction of searching media such as audio, images, and video in addition to text.
Autonomy has focused on its mining engine, offering options such as weighting, supporting a large number of languages, and providing interfaces that integrate its products with BI, CRM, ERP, and other enterprise applications. Inxight Software, by contrast, is a notable vendor that, like ClearForest, has devoted significant resources to developing front ends. Inxight’s Star Tree, for example, lets you explore network maps via hyperbolic visualization where segment details are enlarged or collapsed as you move the focus from one map node to another. Inxight, like Autonomy, provides back-end categorization and taxonomy management software to other companies including ClearForest and SAS.
SAS dominates the high-end data analysis market. Its Text Miner incorporates Inxight technology for linguistic analysis and concept extraction but gives the results a statistical spin that can be matched by few other vendors. According to product manager Manya Mayes, Text Miner and the Enterprise Miner data-mining tools are fully integrated, where textual-analysis results become available as structured data for application of a full range of traditional analytic approaches. | <urn:uuid:2f2d3be0-0cdb-4e4d-a13e-f846765169e9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://breakthroughanalysis.com/2003/12/10/the-word-on-text-mining/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573163.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818033705-20220818063705-00077.warc.gz | en | 0.912565 | 1,709 | 2.171875 | 2 |
It's easy Pea...
Flash is a plugin. It runs from withing the browser IE, Firefox, Safari, Opera, etc... It also can be run standalone, via special exe program on Windows platform.
Although this is less common. Here are all the Flash versions: http://helpx.adobe.com/flash-player/kb/archived-flash-player-versions.html
AIR is a cross platform runtime, kind of like Java (build once run everywhere). But with AIR it's a bit more tricky. You have to compile your program to each target platform (Desktop, Andriod, BlackBerry, iOS) separately. It's not like with Java where you can indeed run your jar file on lot of platforms. AIR is essentially Flash "on steroids" as it mostly has the same API as Flash and builds on top of it. But AIR not in the pluging form, i.e. you don't need a web browser to run it from.
Here are the latest AIR runtime: http://get.adobe.com/air/
You will need AIR SDK to build AIR applications and it has to be overlayed on top of Flex SDK which you can find here:
Now Flex SDK is essentially a component framework. You will need a button in your application, or a Video component, right? So that is what Flex provides for you free of charge.
Obviously this sound simple but Flex is much more then that and here is your
Flex documentation: http://www.adobe.com/devnet/flex/documentation.html
So, Flex is a component framework which lets you build applications which target either Flash or AIR as executable runtime. For Flash it is called Web application and it runs from withing browser or standalone Flash player. For AIR it is called Desktop or Mobile project and it runs from withing AIR runtime which has to be installed on your device or bundled with your application.
Now, speaking of Steve rants, yes, they wanted to kill Flash on their platform, there was even a guy there who was responsible for that result (I forgot his name but you can google), although Adobe never admited that and played it nice with Apple. Why they wanted to kill most expressive and complete vector and video engine on the web (Flash)? It's simple! This is beacase they wanted to play on their nice and cozy iOS/iPad/iPod playground alone! Because they want to control the delivery of the content from publisher to consumer. they want to stick their proprietory products and specifications in between and skim the money! That is why they don't need Flash in the browser. Flash allows people to publish and consume an impressive content without charging a dime! That includes H264 video among other things. And that is what Apple doesn't want to see.
Good luck with Flex and everything else, | <urn:uuid:73d2a83e-c891-4f95-a53e-eedcb4544710> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://forums.adobe.com/message/4308089 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718285.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00106-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.953799 | 588 | 2.765625 | 3 |
Livelihood of Contemporary China
Edited by: Li Peilin
[Please note: This book is in Chinese language text only.] This detailed book examines the issues and changes Chinese society has experienced around employment, wealth, subsistence and livelihood since China's opening up. Based on research findings from the leading Chinese scholars, it examines employment, social security, social support, the expanding income gaps, social stratification, rural migration, gender discrimination & age discrimination plus changes to the traditional family structure.
Publication Date: 11/1/2011 | <urn:uuid:ff8d9f40-0886-4213-87e8-bbb3ed1d212d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.isbs.com/products/9781844641635 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285001.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00308-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.86253 | 108 | 1.789063 | 2 |
For years, “Made in the U.S.A.” implied “overpriced” to manufacturers and consumers alike. The pressure to reduce costs drove many manufacturers to seek less expensive offshoring alternatives to the seemingly more expensive domestic ones. Coupled with the fact that our economy hasn’t been in tip-top condition the last few years, it is no wonder that many have bought in to the apocalyptic belief that U.S. manufacturing is dead.
A recent Software Advice blog post, “Five Strategies for Growing as a Domestic Manufacturer,” suggests that U.S. manufacturing is in better shape than we give it credit for and that it is, in fact, on the rebound. The article recommends that domestic manufacturers who wish to remain competitive and be poised for growth take the following approach:
Prepare for re-shoring production: Rising labor costs, expensive transportation and lengthy delivery cycles have motivated domestic manufacturers to reassess their offshore manufacturing operations. Consumers’ growing environmental and patriotic awareness has also added pressure. Some manufacturers are opting to re-shore and finding “innovative ways to reduce costs.”
Invest in your workforce: Investing in a more skilled labor force gives domestic manufacturers a “skills advantage” that can ensure greater productivity, greater efficiency and long-term growth.
Design for the developing world: Manufacturers who are able to capitalize on the world’s emerging markets can expect to remain strong. Industrial equipment and high technology are two examples of the types of manufacturing where domestic manufacturers have a competitive advantage and where products are in high demand.
Master supply chain visibility: Relying on spreadsheets and manual processes to manage a complex supply chain can be “inefficient, expensive and error-prone.” The article suggests investing in supply chain management software that manages and automates this process. (And if it’s a question of getting your product record in order, we would recommend looking at bill of materials (BOM) management or product lifecycle management (PLM) software too.) Doing so will not only increase productivity, but reduce cycle times.
Improve environmental responsibility: Consumer concerns, federal and state mandates and the opportunity to reduce overhead costs are all reasons that domestic manufacturers should explore the “green” options and technologies that are available to them.
You can read the full blog post on the Software Advice website. | <urn:uuid:521390a5-ffa6-4d42-8a88-0ff32a3d3d49> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.arenasolutions.com/blog/post/us-manufacturing-alive-and-kicking/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280730.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00248-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.949608 | 494 | 1.523438 | 2 |
Section 3. Freedom to Participate in the Political Process
The country is a constitutional monarchy under which ultimate authority rests with King Mohammed VI, who presides over the Council of Ministers. The king shares executive authority with the head of government (prime minister). According to the constitution, the king appoints the head of government from the political party with the most seats in parliament and approves members of the government nominated by the head of government.
The law provides for, and citizens participated in, free and fair periodic elections held by secret ballot and based on universal and equal suffrage for parliament’s Chamber of Representatives and municipal and regional councils. Regional and professional bodies indirectly elected members of parliament’s less powerful Chamber of Counselors.
Elections and Political Participation
Recent Elections: In 2016 the country held direct elections for the Chamber of Representatives (the more powerful lower house of parliament). The major political parties and domestic observers considered the elections free, fair, and transparent. International observers considered the elections credible, noting voters were able to choose freely and the process was free of systemic irregularities. As stipulated by the constitution, the king tasked the Party of Justice and Development, which won the most seats in the newly elected chamber, to form a governing coalition and nominate new ministers.
Political Parties and Political Participation: A political party may not legally challenge Islam as the state religion, the institution of the monarchy, or the country’s territorial integrity. The law prohibits basing a party on a religious, ethnic, or regional identity.
Participation of Women and Members of Minority Groups: No laws limit participation of women or members of minority groups in the political process, and they did participate. Voters elected a record number of women in the 2016 elections, although very few subsequently won leadership positions as ministers or parliamentary committee presidents. | <urn:uuid:147983d9-b565-436e-8159-b285fa5f9795> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.state.gov/report/custom/1ccfa2ee35-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00474.warc.gz | en | 0.952299 | 371 | 3.359375 | 3 |
A Utopian Vision of Digital Citizenship
Digital citizenship is an essential skill we all want students to learn. But some schools tend to think of digital citizenship more as a means to prevent behavioral problems (such as cyberbullying), rather than focusing on it as an important skill students need to participate effectively in the digital world. In an ideal world, what does digital citizenship look like? How does digital citizenship fit into our vision of the future of schools? In this utopian vision, digital citizenship will be addressed from all angles, from how it can be effectively integrated into the curriculum while meeting Common Core State Standards, how schools can engage parents and community members, and how students can be empowered to use technology for learning, collaboration, and creation. Come dream a little. . .and be inspired to change your school in meaningful ways.
Additional Supporting Materials
- What are inspiring ways digital citizenship is being addressed from the macro to micro level in schools?
- How would students be participating, learning, creating, and collaborating in a thriving culture of digital citizenship?
- What are the benefits of approaching digital citizenship from a utopian standpoint?
- Rebecca Randall, Vice President of Education Programs , Common Sense Media
Kelly Mendoza, Senior Manager, Professional Development, Common Sense Media
Show me another | <urn:uuid:5489ec93-de94-4c34-bcdf-49dbf75eaacf> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://panelpicker.sxsw.com/vote/15473 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279650.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00431-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.934374 | 260 | 3.125 | 3 |
It is best to be cautious when dealing with stress, so do not diagnose
yourself as suffering from stress but see your physician to get an accurate diagnosis because there are some medical conditions
whose symptoms are similar to those of stress and if this is so the medical conditions need treating.
is a very safe Stress Management technique, but there are a few cautions which must be borne in mind in order to gain maximum
· Do not drive or operate machinery
straight after practicing relaxation.
· Do not practice relaxation whilst driving or doing any other activity
that requires your concentration.
· Do not practice relaxation on a full stomach.
· Do not cross your arms and legs.
· If you have any form of chronic medical or psychological health problem check with your doctor
that relaxation is suitable for your particular condition.
· Do not practice Progressive Muscle Relaxation (tense/release) if you have High blood pressure
or other cardiovascular problems.
· Never practice relaxation to treat undiagnosed symptoms; always see your Doctor for an accurate
· If you find you have any uncomfortable symptoms while practicing relaxation discuss these
with your Doctor.
· A few people may experience new sensations such as a feeling of floating, if this worries
you just stop the relaxation and bring your consciousness back and the symptom will resolve.
· In some individuals relaxation techniques may enhance the action of certain drugs. Let your
doctor know you are regularly practising relaxation techniques, in case he/she wants to monitor your dosage of anti-anxiety,
anti-hypertensive or other medications you may be taking.
· Do not stand up straightaway after practicing relaxation, remain
seated or lying down for a few minutes with your eyes open then get up.
· It is advisable that people who are suffering schizophrenia
do not practice relaxation techniques unless advised that they can by their qualified medical practitioner.
For the vast majority of people who practice relaxation on a regular basis it provides many benefits, however there
are a minority of people who practice relaxation for whom it can have a paradoxical effect and heighten anxiety instead of
reducing anxiety. The best way to overcome this is to initially practice relaxation
for five minutes at a time and over time build up the length of time in relaxation.
Another possible reason for relaxation-induced anxiety is that people may be breathing too quickly or too deeply. If you have any problems with relaxation then consult your stress management advisor
or your doctor.
Click here to be taken to Relaxation - Introduction | <urn:uuid:1adb9a71-6baa-46c6-9fc6-bea848187dad> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://stresscourse.tripod.com/id41.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00078.warc.gz | en | 0.932524 | 528 | 2.59375 | 3 |
The Usage-based Constructionist Approach
As language users, our goals are simple. We want to understand messages on the basis the formal patterns we witness, and we aim to produce patterns that successfully convey our intended messages while following the conventions of our language community as best we can. From these twin goals, it follows that we must learn the ways in which formal patterns and their functions are conventionally paired in the language(s) we speak or sign; that is, we must learn the constructions of our languages, which are defined as learned pairings of form and function. Constructions vary in their internal complexity and abstractness and include words, partially filled words (aka morphemes) and grammatical constructions. Our “constructicon” (a vastly expanded version of the traditional lexicon) consists of an incredibly rich and complex high-dimensional tapestry of generalizations and subregularities, as well as nuanced and detailed information. This perspective on language emphasizes statistics in the input as well as the function of language as a system of communication, and suggests implications for pedagogy that I hope we can discuss. | <urn:uuid:b8535a2d-8798-4191-9046-081030795c39> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mediacentral.princeton.edu/media/The+Usage-based+Constructionist+Approach/1_oceofqd3/258432922 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573193.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818094131-20220818124131-00468.warc.gz | en | 0.95208 | 235 | 2.90625 | 3 |
Topology from the Differentiable Viewpoint (Princeton Landmarks in Mathematics and Physics #21)
This elegant book by distinguished mathematician John Milnor, provides a clear and succinct introduction to one of the most important subjects in modern mathematics. Beginning with basic concepts such as diffeomorphisms and smooth manifolds, he goes on to examine tangent spaces, oriented manifolds, and vector fields. Key concepts such as homotopy, the index number of a map, and the Pontryagin construction are discussed. The author presents proofs of Sard's theorem and the Hopf theorem.
Princeton University Press, 9780691048338, 80pp.
Publication Date: December 14, 1997 | <urn:uuid:cde176a5-ffc4-467e-b3fc-edfd73311746> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.indiebound.org/book/9780691048338?aff=bookschatter | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571909.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813051311-20220813081311-00277.warc.gz | en | 0.899322 | 148 | 2.578125 | 3 |
In today’s fast running life your email address has been literally converted into your second address as you prefer to receive your every mail there instead of your physical location. Therefore, your Gmail Inbox is your second point of contact as most of the messages, information, initiations, and contacts are eagerly waiting there for your arrival to surprise you. The moment you type-in your username and password, you get connected to the whole world from where you expect mails from your loved ones, free coupons and all that stuff. What if everything looks so cluttered and spoiled? If your Inbox remains cluttered and junked then it would a marathon task for you to find a particular important mail. You must do something that helps you find an important mail from the junk of useless content received during the last month. Don’t panic as Gmail has set up filters for your assistance that can help you in making your mail box more accessible and manageable than before.
Accessing an Inbox filled with a few dozen of unread messages makes you feel annoyed and distracted from work, if they are not organized. But don't worry, because email filters help in keeping less important emails out of your main concentrate area and allow the urgent ones to rise to the top. You can easily access the tool by clicking on the gear icon located on the top-right corner of your Gmail and then clicking ‘Settings’ from the drop-down menu. Look for the ‘Filters’ link on the top of the next page and get access to the existing filters, that are currently engaged in managing your devices. You can even create your own by choosing specific fields, actions, categories, and other parameters.
In this article, you will read about the tips and tricks that will help you filter your messages like a professional.
You constantly check mails for the latest information about your work, family, finance, policies, and others but what if a number of unread messages carrying no informational content will appear first. It is recommended to set a ‘Mark as Read’ filter for all the mails that have unimportant content, and the stuff you want to hold on to, but doesn't necessarily need to read immediately. Some of the examples of such content are automated emails about your UPS package status, promotional mails from online stores, newsletters, and free tips and guides mails. To mark all of them as read, you need to type-in the whole domain name in your filters and save the settings for avoiding mass mails from that particular address in future.
Deleting a crucial mail in hurry for creating space in your Inbox and regretting later about it is a sorrowful feeling. To prevent such occurences with your Inbox or important mails, you are recommended to go for the auto-archive filter. Once turned on, the archived emails in the Gmail will be automatically removed from your Inbox but they will still be stored in your Gmail account. You can easily find all of them in the achieved folder, when they are needed in the future. This filter is an ideal solution for users who don’t want to delete emails, but still want to manage the amount of content in their Inboxes.
Multiple sender is an efficient filter recommended for situations when a sender has to mail to masses at a given period of time. Adding huge mail address one-by-one into the ‘To’ field of the mail sending addresses is a huge pain. This filter works for sending mass mails to multiple senders as it will automatically add the list of certain people you have designated with one label. Simply set up the filter using a suitable name and add the names of users you wish to add to this list. Click on ’Save’ and use this filter directly in the sending address field while composing the message that has to be delivered to masses.
Placing a dot in Gmail is purely for aesthetic purposes, but you can also use other characters for different purposes. Using a plus sign will make Google ignore all the text written after it, but it will still send messages to their correct address. All in all, this plus sign can easily be used as a powerful tool for filtering. While signing up for a social network or a free coupon delivering website, just add a plus sign to your email address to stop receiving associated emails or notifications from those sites. By adding a plus sign, you can easily skip all such messages from your Inbox altogether.
Adding colors to labels will not only enhance the visual representation of different types of messages but will also help you in segregating mails on the basis of various categories. You can easily set up labels your Inbox using different color schemes as per your judgments and preferences. Adding color schemes to sender’s contacts can assign a particular category to everything that comes into your Inbox, from a specific sender. Some basic categories of label include shopping, bills, official, personal, follow ups and anything you want to sort visually.
Adding a filter to your Gmail account will help in accessing a particular mail more easily while looking at a huge chunk of unimportant mails. If you’ve created filters for certain emails, then you can easily go straight to a labeled folder and look for the respective content. Setting up a filter will help in reducing your valuable time or energy that you waste while reading all of them. All you can do with the help of a filter is organize emails that are either sent or received, and you can also separate work or home related emails with an optimal ease. No matter what kind of filter you’re using or creating, but it will surely help you to manage, organize and upkeep your mail accounts with ease. | <urn:uuid:fbecfd53-6048-4967-9ff3-cf6270174674> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://filter.ezinemark.com/5-ways-to-use-gmail-filters-effectively-7d3942e72f44.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284352.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00192-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.933831 | 1,164 | 1.664063 | 2 |
There are millions of Internet-Servers daily hacked from the same hand full of Hackers.
Every Webmaster has the same problems with Hackers, Intruders, Attackers and Spammers, but nobody is fighting against these Terrorists.
Should that then go on forever?
No, we are fighting against Hackers, Intruders, Attackers, Spammers, Cyber Terrorists and 188.8.131.52!
Sun, 23 Oct 2016 10:01:33 GMT - Actual more as 21.000.000 Hackers in our Database. (The newest 100 are displayed on the Globe and Map)
Details for IP 184.108.40.206
WebServer Output: http://220.127.116.11
IP Geo Information: 18.104.22.168
☎ Whois 22.214.171.124
HTML Markup Validation 126.96.36.199
The Web Site Header: 188.8.131.52
Black Listed: 184.108.40.206
Ping to 220.127.116.11
Open Ports on 18.104.22.168
Geo-Location Information 22.214.171.124
Tor lookup for IP 126.96.36.199
Reputation of 188.8.131.52
Trace a Route to 184.108.40.206
DNS Records 220.127.116.11
Bad Neighbor IPs of 18.104.22.168
256 bad neighbor IPs are known! | <urn:uuid:524ebf8f-bda9-48cf-8377-8f6c28172661> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://anti-hacker-alliance.com/index.php?ip=120.197.4.108 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719215.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00200-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.753308 | 319 | 1.507813 | 2 |
Delta Afrik Boss Canvasses Capacity Building, Mentorship for Young Engineers
The Managing Director, Delta Afrik, Mr. Akinwunmi Odumakinde has stressed the need for young engineers to take advantage of emerging future trends and ensure that they build their capacity and have people that will mentor them to greatness.
Ogunmakinde made this known during the maiden edition of the south-west town and gown Zoom mentoring/career fair for young engineers, with the theme, ‘Industry-focused Capacity Building’, organised by the Association of Professional Women Engineers (APWEN) and sponsored by Worley Foundation, Australia.
It was aimed at bridging the employability gap between young female engineering graduates and the industry, as well as create a pool of ready-now female engineers for the industry, among other objectives.
He advised them to pursue their dreams and ensure that they are equipped with the right skills that will make them compete favourably in an emerging society.
In his keynote address, he stressed the importance of capacity building, saying that the labour market is saturated with unemployed graduates because they lack the basic skill sets such as communication, confidence and ability to compete, among others.
“As an engineer, you need to build your capacity through self-improvement and benchmark your skill set, you need to put in place a proper implementation plan and learn new things that further enhance capacity building.
“The future is now, you must be prepared, push forward and embrace mentoring for a lasting impact. Remember if you cannot see it, you cannot have it. You must have a mission and a vision, and identify a new market.”
He expressed concern about the percentage of women engineers, saying that they are in the minority and occupy about 22 per cent in the country due to the instability of government policy and most recently, the COVID-19 pandemic which has affected how work is being done.
While commending APWEN for bridging the employability gap through the town and gown initiative, he appealed to the members to identify problems in the industry and profer solutions to them, as well as mentor young engineers by giving them the platform to make impact.
The Governor of Osun State, Mr. Adegboyega Oyetola, who declared the programme open, described the online edition as noble, adding that mentoring and capacity building are the basis of a sustainable future and way to go in bridging the transformation gap between the classroom and the industry.
He appealed to the leadership of APWEN to continue to encourage mentoring and leadership among young engineers who should also upgrade their skills.
The President of the Nigeria Society of Engineers (NSE), Babagana Mohammed emphasised the importance of the town and gown mentoring programme, while stressing the need to groom upcoming engineers.
“Town and gown is key, we can’t afford to hand over our society to those we don’t trust, but to groom those who will take over from us, which is key. Mentoring is the beginning of wisdom.
He commended the leadership of APWEN for the initiative, saying that even as engineers, they could expand their thinking and horizon rather than having to depend on their certificate alone.
“It is no longer business as usual because of the COVID-19 pandemic, you can make money out of it. Female engineers are more re!iable than their male counterparts, so they must be given the required knowledge to be employable. We need to close the gap and that can only happen through mentoring.”
A council member and Director, Corporate Affairs, Worley Foundation, Australia, Sue Brown said the foundation recognises that engineering can transform the lives of people and the economy in general which will bring about prosperity.
“At Worley, we support STEM because we believe that without engineers and scientists, our company will not exist. It is important that we have a diverse pool of engineers coming through.”
She expressed excitement about the programme, saying that engineers could take their career to anywhere or level they want to, and that they must have confidence in themselves.
She recommended that women engineers should take calculated risks in their career and be flexible.
The town and gown project put together by the Grant Administrator and a staff of Delta Afrik, Mrs. Bosede Oyekunlewa is among the five successful initiatives on STEM projects, diversity and inclusion to impact communities chosen by Worley Foundation for sponsorship. | <urn:uuid:eda88f3e-a3f5-4d93-93e7-00ec19cc87f0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2020/06/17/delta-afrik-boss-canvasses-capacity-building-mentorship-for-young-engineers/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00676.warc.gz | en | 0.965446 | 935 | 1.523438 | 2 |
Health Tip: If You Have Hand Eczema
(HealthDay News) -- Moisturizing is essential for anyone with
hand eczema to help ease pain, redness, cracking and dryness.
Health Tip: Know Risk Factors for Gout
(HealthDay News) -- Gout is characterized by a buildup of uric
acid in the body, leading to swollen, painful joints.
Dental Care Safe for Pregnant Women: Experts
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 7 (HealthDay News) -- Dental cleanings and
X-rays are safe for pregnant women, a U.S.
obstetrician/gynecologist group says.
Typical Pregnancy Length May Vary More Than Thought
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 7 (HealthDay News) -- The natural length of
pregnancies can vary by as much as five weeks, according to a new
Dolphins Remember for Decades, Study Finds
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 7 (HealthDay News) -- Although it's been said
that elephants never forget, it now appears that dolphins may have
them beat in the memory department.
China Bird Flu Appears to Have Spread From Person to Person
TUESDAY, Aug. 6 (HealthDay News) -- The first reported
human-to-human transmission of the deadly H7N9 bird flu has
occurred in eastern China.
Obese Kids More Likely to Have Asthma, With Worse Symptoms
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 7 (HealthDay News) -- Overweight and obese kids
are more likely to struggle with asthma than kids of normal weight,
according to a new review of more than 623,000 children.
Food Additive Safety Often Determined by Those With Food Industry Ties: Study
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 7 (HealthDay News) -- Experts selected by the
food industry have often been the ones approving the safety of food
additives for the past 15 years, a new report claims.
Health Highlights: Aug. 7, 2013
Here are some of the latest health and medical news
developments, compiled by the editors of HealthDay:
Former President Bush Home After Heart Surgery
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 7 (HealthDay News) -- Former President George W.
Bush returned home Wednesday after successfully undergoing heart
surgery for a blocked artery Tuesday morning in Dallas. | <urn:uuid:26dee2ff-56a5-40e8-9796-e2357fa6e5e0> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.wkhs.com/Heart/Education/News.aspx?chunkiid=868581 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282140.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00129-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.86205 | 503 | 1.640625 | 2 |
An optical phenomenon consisting of a series of coloured rings about the antisolar point, visible against the background of a cloud, fog bank, or mist. The rings generally resemble those of a corona, with similar coloration—violet on the inside, to red on the outside. Multiple rings may occur and the radii are inversely proportional to the droplet diameter. Glories are caused by diffraction in which the droplets act as point-source reflectors. The intensities of the various rings are well explained by the theory of Mie scattering, but a rigorous theoretical treatment of the colours and radii remains elusive.
Subjects: Meteorology and Climatology. | <urn:uuid:c152e39a-8f1b-4685-a4b2-fd3015f76b33> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095855569 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282926.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00401-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.927072 | 138 | 3.515625 | 4 |
If Fidesz wins the April 3 general election, the government will expand family support schemes and, depending on economic performance, even increase financial support, Prime Minister Viktor Orbán said in an interview to public radio on Friday.
Orbán told Kossuth Rádió that it was his personal goal to ensure that the financial circumstances of people raising children should improve, adding: “There’s no future without children”. “We want our own children, not foreign children, to inherit this country,” the prime minister said. “With children, there’s a future, but without there’s no future for the family or for the country.”
Hungary spends more on family support than any other European country, he said, indicating that nowhere else do governments attach so much importance to children and families.
The aim, he added, was to create the right conditions so that families bear the responsibility of having children. “We don’t want to become an immigrant country.” | <urn:uuid:08672723-d724-4742-9418-adce9b800cd3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dailynewshungary.com/pm-orban-we-want-our-own-children-not-foreign-children-to-inherit-this-country/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573172.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818063910-20220818093910-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.945921 | 216 | 1.59375 | 2 |
Alexander Wells in Sidecar (photo by Lenke Szilágyi)
It was supposed to be boring – the end of history, that is. In Francis Fukuyama’s famous characterization, human society had reached its final resting place chiefly through the exhaustion of alternatives. Far from triumphal, The End of History and the Last Man (1992) ended on a melancholy note:
The end of history will be a very sad time. The struggle for recognition, the willingness to risk one’s life for a purely abstract goal, the worldwide ideological struggle that called forth daring, courage, imagination, and idealism, will be replaced by economic calculation, the endless solving of technical problems, environmental concerns and the satisfaction of sophisticated consumer demands…In the post-historical period, there will be neither art nor philosophy, just the perpetual caretaking of the museum of human history.
Fukuyama has maintained his position, arguing that the persistence of division and conflict – most recently in Ukraine – has done nothing to disprove this essential claim. But what if the end of history isn’t like that at all? What if the last man is not a gloomy docent dusting off the artifacts of humanity’s great epochs – what if, instead, he’s a maniac on the run, dashing wildly through time and space, babbling breathlessly as he tries to deliver some interminable monologue?
This is one way to describe the world of the Hungarian writer László Krasznahorkai. | <urn:uuid:19993f17-b2e3-4b58-9f11-85ef5f79bbfd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://3quarksdaily.com/3quarksdaily/2022/07/fight-or-flight.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817032054-20220817062054-00470.warc.gz | en | 0.920569 | 323 | 1.570313 | 2 |
STRANGEBUTTRUE- On eggshells: What we say makes no sense
Q. Which would you say is riskier, "walking on eggs" or "walking on eggshells"? –H. Penny
A. For five centuries, people have been using the phrase "walking on eggs" to express the idea of "proceeding with extreme caution," as if tiptoeing on eggs to avoid cracking them, says Mark Davidson in Right, Wrong, and Risky. The modern mindless switch of the phrase to "walking on eggshells" connotes no literal risk whatsoever since the already cracked shells long ago surrendered their protected cargo.
Q. When dedicated researchers start "horsing around" with genomics, what might they turn up? –E. Arcaro
A. Thoroughbred horse-owners now have a new tool for predicting how their nags will do on the track, if they're willing to pony up 1000 pounds ($1,500) for a DNA analysis by Irish company Equinome, says Constance Holden in Science magazine. It tests for a "muscle factor" derived from the Horse Genome Project (HGP), to see if the animal has compact muscles attuned to rapid sprints or a leaner body more suited for endurance. Genetics researchers at University College Dublin reported that horses with two copies of a particular gene variant were more likely to win short races up to 6.5 furlongs (1.3 kilometers), whereas horses with other variants of the gene did better in races up to 13.5 furlongs (2.7 km).
According to the HGP, breeders have already adopted genetic tags for paternity, coat color and diseases, but performance prediction is new ground. Equinome co-founder Emmeline Hill reports breeders are now asking about genes for temperament, but that's not in the offing. "However, we are investigating gene associations for other parameters such as aerobic capacity," he says.
Q. Baseball brainteaser: When a starting pitcher pitches a complete 9-inning game, what's the minimum number of pitches he must throw? –R. Clemens
A. Assume he's with the visiting team and allows only one runner to reach base– on a home run– and loses 1-0, poses Wayne L. Winston in Mathletics: How Mathematics Is Used in Baseball, Basketball, and Football. Since he doesn't need to complete the ninth inning, he throws only 8 x 3 (outs per inning) + 1 (the home run) = 25 total pitches. That's plenty good for his weary arm and ERA but not for his W-L record or the home team's batting averages.
Send Strange questions to brothers Bill and Rich at Strangetrue@cs.com | <urn:uuid:9f90aeda-cfae-406d-9965-a1a7d1ec8c0e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.readthehook.com/86426/strangebuttrue-eggshells-what-we-say-makes-no-sense?quicktabs_1=0 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279915.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00273-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.943975 | 575 | 2.125 | 2 |
Getting your company up to OSHA safety standards can be tricky. Read the guide below for step-by-step instructions on what you’ll need in order to keep everyone safe and avoid any fines!
Imagine working as a forklift operator, or having employees who do: it’s not something that should be taken lightly. With these guidelines from OSHA (The Occupational Safety & Health Administration), make sure your business is well prepared with all of the necessary documentation so accidents don’t happen and regulations are followed precisely – preventing costly liability claims down the line.
Yes. Occupational safety and health administration (OSHA) compliant training is required before a worker is eligible to operate a forklift in Illinois.
Certifications are a necessity for anyone who wants to be able to operate industrial trucks, commonly called forklifts. The Illinois Department of Labor and Industrial Relations says that even if the certification is not required by law in all states, it is necessary or at least highly recommended before applying for jobs that involve this type of equipment. Checking your industry’s requirements
No, you do not need hands-on training to apply for a job. This is because during the onboarding process with the company, they will train you on how to use the forklift. And they also will test you to make sure that your are good at using it safely.
Use the following steps for a more detailed description of what you need to do.
In Chicago, Illinois there are a number of people who are employed in the manufacturing industry. Chicago is home to many industries that have employees working on forklifts and other industrial trucks. Whether you’re an experienced operator or just getting started with your first job, it’s important to know what steps to take in order to earn your certification.
Interested in learning more about the online classes? Click here.
Illinois is a state in the Midwest. It is a border to Indiana on the east and it has the Mississippi River on its west side. The Great Lakes are on Illinois’s north-east side. Illinois also has farms, forests, rolling hills, and wetlands. Chicago is one of the largest cities in America. It’s famous for its skyscrapers and for being home to the Chicago Bears, Chicago Cubs and Chicago Bulls. The state has a rich history of strong industries including manufacturing, transportation, steel production and agriculture.
Forklifts can be a great solution to increasing efficiency on an industrial floor. Technology advances in Illinois have made the state a competitive force for companies.
Here are some reasons Illinois is a popular HUB:
Here are some reasons Illinois is popular:
Chicago is a major manufacturing center. Illinois manufacturers produce products for industries such as:
The Chicago area has the most Fortune 500 headquarters outside of New York City, with 25 companies headquartered there. As many as six international companies are based in Chicago. Chicago is a fun city with a lot of concerts and music festivals. Chicago also has a great food scene, with Chicago’s most famous dish being deep-dish pizza.
These 5 safety tips will help you stay safe while operating a forklift:
For those who are looking for a new career, or just trying to get their foot in the door by learning about forklifts and other industrial trucks, there is no better way then taking an online training course offered through the National Forklift Foundation. There you can learn all kinds of skills that will not only get one started on this exciting journey but also give them certification so they know what it takes to become experienced operators themselves!
The Chicago area was once home to many people working at factories with forklifts and other industrial vehicles. You might be interested in getting certified as well – find out more here: http://www.nationalforkliftfoundation.com
Enrolling in this online workshop is one way that you can get your foot into the door when it comes to professional work with industrial equipment like heavy machinery or construction vehicles. Study hard and prepare thoroughly so that you are ready for any opportunities as they arise over time.
You won’t need to leave your couch in order to complete this training. You can do it on any device, including phone, tablet or computer!
The course is broken up into 5 topics – each intended to satisfy the requirements set forth by OSHA. These five themes include:
Operators with no previous forklift experience can expect to spend ~2 hours completing the course. Individuals, on the other hand, who have had some form of exposure in this field typically finish it within an hour.
After watching all of the training videos you will be able to take the final exam. Passing this test is easy if you have watched and followed everything in our program!
After successfully passing the exam with flying colors (hopefully), you’ll be able to get certified as a safe operator of these industrial vehicles! The first step after completing training should include getting our official documentation from us – we make sure everything goes smoothly by using QR codes so employers know it’s authentic – not just some fake certificate posted online somewhere!
You’re bound to find a great career in Chicago Illinois. The unemployment rate is low, there are plenty of job opportunities for people with any type of experience level and the cost of living is affordable. If you don’t know where to start looking, here are three tips that will help you get started!
1) Put your best foot forward – make sure your résumé includes all relevant skills and experience related to the position 2) Use online tools like Indeed or Ziprecruiter to search for jobs 3) Talk to friends and family who live in Chicago about their experiences working
Chicago is a booming city with an economy that’s on the rise. It has one of the lowest unemployment rates in Illinois and plenty of job opportunities for people at all experience levels, making it easy to find your next great career opportunity.
Among Illinois’s staffing agencies, many seek out forklift drivers to work in various organizations. One helpful resource for people looking for employment are the popular web platforms Indeed, Google, and LinkedIn.
Yes, you can! All employers are looking for the best and most qualified person they can find. You’re in luck because your lack of work history means that there’s nothing to compare yourself against so it will be easier than ever before to stand out from the competition.
Have you ever had to provide a certification document for employment? If so, then we’ve got some good news: all employers will now be able to verify your documents through the use of QR codes!
Some people might have experience with providing their own company’s credentials. However, another common obstacle is when potential employees are asked by an employer if they can produce proof that they’re qualified in order to work at said company. Luckily, thanks to new technology and advancements on this front–particularly ones involving QR Codes–we’ll soon see even more streamlined processes which make it easier than ever before for job-seekers who need any type of documentation in order qualify as applicants first get hired faster rather than later because time | <urn:uuid:804a0c74-939b-4eda-abae-700c1394b2f2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.nationalforkliftfoundation.com/illinois/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00065.warc.gz | en | 0.953728 | 1,478 | 1.976563 | 2 |
After President Donald Trump tweeted mocking the science behind climate change and touting his decision to pull out of a global deal to combat planetary warming, the Weather Channel shot back.
Tweeting out an article that carefully outlines the difference between weather and climate, the publication said that 2017 is still projected to be the warmest year on record and that the eastern cold snap Trump referenced in his tweet was actually evidence of a warming climate.
1) There is a difference between #weather and #climate.
2) Short-term #cold snaps will continue to occur in a warming climate.
3) 2017 will likely be a top three warmest year on record for the globe.
(Graphic: Univ. of Maine – Climate Change Institute) https://t.co/kzuugeXi80 pic.twitter.com/gueOsp4yvu
— The Weather Channel (@weatherchannel) December 29, 2017
The Weather Channel specifically lambasted the Trump administration for ignoring science and cited NASA’s official distinction between weather, which is “what conditions of the atmosphere are over a short period of time” and climate, “how the atmosphere ‘behaves’ over relatively long periods of time.”
Trump’s Thursday tweet referenced the extreme cold temperatures projected to freeze several regions of the country this coming weekend. He inaccurately suggested that the country could “use a little bit of that good old Global Warming that our Country, but not other countries, was going to pay TRILLIONS OF DOLLARS to protect against,” implying that if global warming were real it wouldn’t be so cold.
“Bundle up!” he said.
Trump has been a longtime skeptic of the science behind climate change and has previously called global warming a “hoax” that China created to harm the American economy. He removed the U.S. from the Paris Accord earlier this year because he said it was a bad deal for the U.S.
The global agreement is designed to set goals for reducing carbon emissions to slow down the rate of climate change. In November, Syria joined the climate agreement, making the U.S. the only country in the world that’s not participating. | <urn:uuid:4094ece0-b73f-4b4d-bde1-e65b1602c24c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://talkingpointsmemo.com/livewire/weather-channel-schools-trump-climate-change | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573760.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819191655-20220819221655-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.944856 | 463 | 2.90625 | 3 |
Until last summer, education experts from across the political spectrum regarded Massachusetts as having the nation’s best academic standards and testing for children in kindergarten through 12th grade. But now that the state has adopted national standards and testing, it has become a cautionary tale about the dangers of ceding local control over public education.
Like so much of the Constitution, the words of the 10th Amendment are clear and eloquent: “The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.”
One of those powers, of course, is the power to educate our young. Unlike other nations, the United States never has had a “national” education system, but rather a collection of largely independent state systems.
In 1993, Massachusetts enacted landmark education reform legislation. The new law included high academic standards, high-stakes testing for students and teachers, charter public schools and accountability for everyone in the system.
These standards and reforms made Massachusetts the nation’s leader in public education. In 2005, Bay State students became the first students to finish first in all four categories measured by the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP).
These tests, known as “the nation’s report card,” were administered again in 2007 and 2009. Again, Massachusetts swept every category.
On the whole, American students have fallen behind their international peers. In 2008, however, testing by the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study demonstrated that Massachusetts students were globally competitive, tying for first in the world in eighth-grade science.
The state’s reforms also narrowed race- and poverty-based achievement gaps. NAEP data show that between 2002 and 2009, scores for African-Americans and Hispanics on both fourth- and eighth-grade English language arts testing improved more rapidly than those of white students.
“If you are a disadvantaged parent with a school-age child, Massachusetts is … the state to move to,” educational standards expert E.D. Hirsch Jr. said in 2008.
But Massachusetts has turned its back on that success. Last summer, the state board of education — without so much as a legislative hearing or vote — discarded standards and testing in favor of something weaker called the Common Core State Standards Initiative plus yet-to-be-developed national tests.
In addition to the Constitution’s clear principle, there are other reasons why states shouldn’t cede control over public education.
For one, states and municipalities pay 90 percent of the cost of K-12 education in America. Why would state and local taxpayers cover this tab only to rely on others to set the academic standards, select readings and texts, and determine parameters by which student performance is measured and evaluated?
The framers of the Constitution understood that children should be under the authority of parents, families, neighbors — and the elected officials who are most directly answerable to them.
Advocates of national standards, such as President Obama and the 4,200-employee Department of Education, aren’t directly accountable to the children who will be affected by centralized standards.
Academic performance is the bottom line. Improvement such as was achieved in Massachusetts is rare in a U.S. public education landscape littered with failure. Even so, Texas, Florida, New Jersey, Indiana and Minnesota are among the states that can point to measurable progress.
Advocates of national standards — including trade organizations and special-interest groups such as Achieve, the Gates Foundation, the Council of Chief State Schools Officers and the National Governors Association — would be hard-pressed to point to a single program they’ve developed that definitively boosted student achievement.
The same can be said for the 32-year history of the U.S. Department of Education. The contrast between the triumph of local control in Massachusetts and decades of unproductive federal involvement in education couldn’t be clearer.
It’s time once again to honor the constitutional prohibition on federal overreach in areas such as public education.
James Stergios is executive director of The Pioneer Institute. Lindsey Burke is an education policy analyst at The Heritage Foundation. They are co-hosts of an event, National Standards and Tests, set for 12:30 p.m. July 27 at The Heritage Foundation. | <urn:uuid:6a4d485a-6d37-4c6d-a74c-b1512003de39> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://dailycaller.com/2011/07/25/learning-from-massachusettss-mistake/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282202.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00551-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956701 | 895 | 2.859375 | 3 |
St. Thomas Synagogue
A unique and beautiful spot for wedding ceremonies rests on the island of St. Thomas, inside the capital city of Charlotte Amalie. Here among palm trees and under the pleasant tropical sun sits Beracha Veshalom Vegemiluth Hasadim(Blessing and Peace and Acts of Piety), more commonly known to the world as the St. Thomas Synagogue. The building rises from the ground in a stately ode to the island's history, as well as a symbol for new lives and new beginnings.
As you first approach the synagogue, take notice of its unique atmosphere. Crafted from brick and stone, the structure embodies elegance, yet still possesses a distinct island feel with its friendly atmosphere and palm-tree covered property. The inside, crafted with materials such as rich mahogany, crystal lamps, and beautiful chandeliers, appears distinctly refined and European, until you spot the synagogue's most distinguishing characteristic.
A soft sand floor spreads across the building, fitting for an island paradise. The roots of this tradition remain uncertain, but perhaps date back to the attempted conversion of the Jewish people during the Spanish Inquisition. In an attempt to keep their beliefs alive, Jews secretly met in rooms with sand floors, which helped to muffle the sound of their prayers. Other interpretations include the historic Israelite journey through the desert, still embodied today by many footprints in the synagogue sand.
By choosing the St. Thomas Synagogue, you also choose a location rich with history and significant to people across the world. The structure visitors see now, built in 1833, is actually the fourth one to grace the island. The original St. Thomas synagogue, constructed in 1796, burned to the ground in 1804. It was reconstructed a few years later, then torn down for renovations in 1823 - the resulting third synagogue burned down in 1831. Today's version, built in 1833, contains all the original contents and materials dating back to that year, still in excellent condition. Currently, the St. Thomas Synagogue bears the distinction of a National Historic Landmark, but is nowhere close to retirement. It remains a very active spot for worship and events, as well as a popular destination for wedding and bar and bat mitzvahs. While historically of Orthodox affiliation, the current synagogue, led by Rabbi Stephen Fisher Moch, associates with the Reform movement.
Non-congregation members, including anyone interested in a unique wedding location, find it easy to visit the synagogue. As long as a religious ceremony or event isn't taking place, feel free to stroll in and look around. Free to enter but with donations welcome, the synagogue even features the nearby Weibel Museum for anyone who wants a closer glance at its history.
If you decide on this location for your destination wedding, a few guidelines apply. You must turn in an application signed by both the bride and groom, and you must speak with the Rabbi sometime before your wedding, either in person or over the phone. You must also turn in a deposit, fully refundable until 60 days before the wedding. The wedding typically costs $2,000, except for the last two weeks of December going into the first week of January when it costs an extra $500. If you desire a Jewish ceremony not in the synagogue, the Rabbi makes himself available for beach or resort weddings, as well.
For a meaningful wedding location in one of the most gorgeous spots in the world, consider the St. Thomas Synagogue. Complete your vows in an intimate setting, and give your guests a destination wedding to talk about long after the ceremony ends. Contact the St. Thomas Synagogue with questions or for more information:
Or write to the following address:
Hebrew Congregation of St. Thomas
Krystal Gade #16AB, Queens Quarters
PO Box 266, St. Thomas, VI 00804
St. Thomas Synagogue website: | <urn:uuid:9d5c4014-0d2d-4177-9c6b-968895d7e156> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://virginislandsstthomas.com/Stthomassynagogue_Weddings.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00470-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.94682 | 800 | 2.359375 | 2 |
Mt. Fuji behind the Minobu River
Mt. Fuji behind the Minobu River from the series "Thirty-six Views of Mt. Fuji"
Edo Period (1600-1868)
9 7/8 x 14 5/8 in. (25.1 x 37.1 cm)
(1760 - 1849)
Full Title:Mt. Fuji behind the Minobu River from the series "Thirty-six Views of Mt. Fuji"
Medium and Support:
Given in memory of Charles Reed Weeth, M.D. by an Anonymous Donor
Location: Not currently on view
This print, which shows figures traveling along the banks of the Minobu River and, shrouded in mist, Mt. Fuji rising in the distance, is part of Hokusai's best-known and unified series "Thirty-six Views of Mt. Fuji." Prints from this series explore the sacred mountain from all distances, every possible angle and in all seasons. Here, Hokusai has rendered the Minobu River as stylized waves of rolling water. The unusual large horizontal format is a way of dramatizing groups of travelers as characters on a stage-set of natural scenery. | <urn:uuid:7003d26b-ab8a-41cd-a292-1099d03a62d1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://magart.rochester.edu/objects-1/info?query=Portfolios%20%3D%20%22542%22%20and%20Century%20%3D%20%2219th%20century%22%20and%20Sort_Artist%20%3D%20%22Katsushika%20Hokusai%22&sort=7&page=3 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817001643-20220817031643-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.915427 | 292 | 2.75 | 3 |
KAJIADO, KENYA —
Health workers in Kenya say more than 60,000 people are living with trachoma, an infectious eye disease that causes blindness if not treated early. Medical professionals are working in a remote village to bring an outbreak of the disease under control.
In this remote rural district in southern Kenya, a local trachoma monitor teaches a group of women how to prevent the eye disease and also how and where to get treatment.
Lester Mortai is well known in this area for his work fighting trachoma.
He frequently travels through villages, advising people on the best ways to avoid getting the painful disease.
“I do visit homesteads and tell people to how to prevent diseases by having their own initiative, to have that facial cleanliness those without trachoma and even those with trachoma," said Mortai.
Trachoma is caused by bacteria and is transmitted by contact with eye or nose discharged of an infected person. In developing countries, flies are a major source of transmission.
The African Medical and Research Foundation (AMREF) says more than 7,000 people in Kajiado suffer from trachoma - which is typical in this type of poor pastoral community.
It characterized by painful eyelid swelling and scarring of the outer surface of the eye, the cornea.
Ngeyan Nge is a trachoma sufferer with an advanced stage of the disease. To avoid blindness, Nge will undergo surgery.
“I am hopeful about the future, even though in the beginning I was opposed to the surgery. I have changed my mind, after continuous advice from people," said Nge.
John Soine, with AMREF, travels to remote areas of Kenya to operate on those with serious cases of trachoma like Nge’s.
“If these people with active infections are not treated, they end up developing complications whereby the eyelashes start facing inwards and start rubbing on the eye ball. And at this stage one may lose vision. And the loss of vision in trachoma is irreversible," said Soine.
Kadogo Salaash had almost lost her vision to the disease more than five years ago. She too was initially doubtful surgery could help her.
“When I decided to go for the eye surgery, I was worried and uncomfortable, I thought after the surgery I would not see again. But now it’s the opposite; I am confident, happy and I can do my work well," said Salaash.
With this kind of medical assistance and campaigns at educate schools and poorer communities, Kenyan medical officials hope to reduce trachoma prevalence to under 10 percent and eventually eliminate it entirely by 2020. | <urn:uuid:bb9749ff-7e78-4b71-81c1-c2161b03b640> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.voanews.com/a/kenyan-doctors-to-eliminate-trachoma-by-2020/1802698.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00022-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.971188 | 564 | 3.21875 | 3 |
The Rotary Club VARANA Focșani has completed the project entitled “Mathematical Manuals for the Visually Impaired Students”, an initiative started on the occasion of the Charity Ball organized by the Club in March 2017, which, together with the “Book Traveling” Foundation, proposed translating and printing into the system. Braille of mathematics textbooks in grades 0-VI for blind students.
On Wednesday, 04.04.2018, at the Children’s Section of the County Library “Duiliu Zamfirescu” from Focșani, the Rotary Club VARANA and the Foundation “Book Travel” organized the closing event of the project, a very important one for the blind because for the last 30 years it has not been have also published technical manuals in Braille.
Throughout this project, mathematics textbooks for grades II-V were accessed for blind students, a complex process that requires methods of accessing information: the pictures and the diagrams must be described in words and transposed in Braille, and the formulas must be coded in the mathematical code, which means that a math textbook printed in Braille is 20 times thicker than an ordinary one.
For the upper classes another method of accessibility was used, thus the manual for the 5th class and later the one for the VI class was converted into an electronic format. As part of this project, supported by the Rotary Club VARANA Focșani, the first chess manual was developed in Braille, intended for students in the first class, a game that stimulates logical thinking and helps them learn mathematics.
All textbooks made within the project were distributed free of charge to schools for the visually impaired in the cities of Arad, Timișoara, Cluj, Târgu Frumos, Buzău and Bucharest, an initiative that we hope to induce to the general public the idea of accessibility of textbooks for blind children. | <urn:uuid:822956bb-cb88-408c-850a-da28f493bbcb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://rotary-varana.ro/mathematics-textbooks-for-blind-students.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00065.warc.gz | en | 0.942665 | 411 | 2.3125 | 2 |
At Ninamu Resort, we take great pride in minimizing our footprint on our beautiful surroundings. Our resort operates completely off the grid. We produce our own power, capture and filter our own water, as well as source the vast majority of our produce, poultry and pork from local, organic sources.
An array of photovoltaic solar cells on the roof of our kitchen in conjunction with a number of high powered batteries allows us to generates up to 15 kilowatts of power. The electricity is distributed via an off grid, three phase system which supplies the entire island with 220 volt, 60 hertz AC current; the same type of household electricity and outlet found in continental europe.
Water Purification and Desalination
Despite being surrounded by it as far as the eye can see, water remains one of our most precious and sought after resources. We ask all our guests to do their part and help us conserve water whenever and wherever possible. The majority of our fresh, drinkable water is captured rainwater. We’re capable of storing up to 75,000 liters. Rain water is run through a reverse osmosis filtration system, followed by additional filtration through ceramic, sand, carbon, iron and UV filters which produces water that is safe to drink straight out of the tap. In times of little or no rain, we are able to desalinize up to 380 liters of sea water per hour.
Atolls have inherently poor soil. The small specks of land that dot the rim of an atoll are made up of decomposed coral and sand, and are not conducive to growing anything but coconut palms. However, using natural, chemical free composting, Ninamu Resort and a neighboring farm are able to grow a wide variety of fruits and vegtables not typically found in the South Pacific. All of our produce, and most of our poultry, pork products are grown or raised localy without using chemicals, fertalizers or hormones.
View our availability calendar and make your reservation today
Browse photos of Ninamu Resort and Tikehau atoll | <urn:uuid:1567deef-4c8d-4816-91cc-d227838250dd> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://motuninamu.com/environment | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279933.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00127-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.931058 | 430 | 2.109375 | 2 |
President Obama is furious that legislators lack the will to address gun violence. But there are steps he could take without them.
On the radio last week, I heard a police officer being interviewed about the shootings in his town of Roseberg, Oregon. He said something like, “We’re just in shock. Things like this always happen somewhere else, not in a town like ours.” I was surprised to hear this. I take it for granted that, someday, a public shooting is going to happen in a town, school, or church near me, maybe at a time when I happen to be there.
In the face of yet another gun massacre, Americans seem to think that there is only one answer: more guns. | <urn:uuid:bed0c4b4-3b4d-489e-a60d-1c9782f06f64> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.christiancentury.org/category/keywords/gun-safety | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280410.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00456-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.987135 | 151 | 1.601563 | 2 |
Some returns are taking longer because of corrections needed that are related to the earned-income tax credit and the pandemic-related stimulus payments (officially termed a “Recovery Rebate Credit”).
If you're still waiting on your tax refund, it's possible that your tax return is taking longer for the IRS to process because it requires additional review. There are several reasons why your tax return may be delayed: Errors such as an incomplete filing status. Missing information.
Overall, the IRS anticipates most taxpayers will receive their refund within 21 days of when they file electronically if they choose direct deposit and there are no issues with their tax return. The IRS urges taxpayers and tax professionals to file electronically.
It is taking the IRS more than 21 days to issue refunds for some tax returns that require review including incorrect Recovery Rebate Credit amounts, or that used 2019 income to figure the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) and Additional Child Tax Credit (ACTC).
The IRS issues most refunds in fewer than 21 days for taxpayers who file electronically and choose direct deposit. However, some returns have errors or need more review and may take longer to process.
If you haven't received your tax refund after at least 21 days of filing online or six weeks of mailing your paper return, go to a local IRS office or call the federal agency (check out our list of IRS phone numbers that could get you help faster).
Though the chances of getting live assistance are slim, the IRS says you should only call the agency directly if it's been 21 days or more since you filed your taxes online, or if the Where's My Refund tool tells you to. You can call 800-829-1040 or 800-829-8374 during regular business hours.
When you e-file, it typically takes 24 to 48 hours for the IRS to accept your return. Once your return is accepted, you are on the IRS' refund timetable. The IRS typically issues refunds in less than 21 days.
The IRS issues more than 9 out of 10 refunds in less than 21 days. However, it's possible your tax return may require additional review and take longer.
Most taxpayers receive their refunds within 21 days of filing. If you choose to have your refund deposited directly into your account, you may have to wait five days before you can gain access to it. If you decide to request a refund check, you might have to wait a few weeks for it to arrive.
Your return could have been flagged as fraudulent because of identity theft or fraud. Some returns are taking longer because of corrections needed that are related to the earned-income tax credit and the pandemic-related stimulus payments (officially termed a “Recovery Rebate Credit”).
2022 IRS refund schedule chart
The IRS started accepting 2021 tax returns on Jan. 24, 2022. The IRS has not yet released its 2022 refund schedule, but you can use the chart below to estimate when you may receive your tax refund via direct deposit or paper check.
The IRS said it's taking longer to process tax returns for the 2020 tax year, and up to a month longer to process amended returns. "It's taking us more than 20 weeks (instead of up to 16 weeks) to process amended returns," the agency said on its site. "Do not file a second tax return or call the IRS," the agency said.
Some of the reasons are: you claimed the Earned Income Tax Credit and/or an Additional Child Tax Credit (if you claim either of these credits, the PATH Act requires processing to be delayed), you filed Form 8379 (Injured Spouse Allocation), you have a refund offset, the IRS found errors, inconsistencies, or missing ...
There are many different reasons why your refund may have not been processed yet, but the most common include: Your tax return included errors. Your tax return is incomplete. This could mean that all of the necessary forms were not sent to the IRS for processing.
Tax Refund Payment Delays Expected to Continue in 2022
As seen last year, delays are continuing this tax season with the IRS and Taxpayer Advocate Service already reporting (see video) that the IRS is continuing to deal with a significant pandemic staffing and budget constraints.
The IRS can go back through three years' worth of returns or review up to six years if they find a serious error.
That may make taxpayers nervous about delays in 2022, but most Americans should get their refunds within 21 days of filing, according to the IRS. And some taxpayers are already reporting receiving their refunds, according to posts on social media.
WASHINGTON – With the 2022 tax season coming to an end Monday, U.S. taxpayers can expect more delays getting their refunds as the Internal Revenue Service contends with a massive backlog of filings, shortages of staff and funding and a computer system that's half a century old.
Continued personnel shortages and a growing backlog of some returns significantly impeded the IRS's performance during the 2022 income tax filing season that ended last month, the Treasury Inspector General for Tax Administration (TIGTA) reported in a preliminary audit.
"Being processed" means you are only that much closer to getting your refund. It means they must first process your return and then approve your refund. It can take anywhere from a few days to 3 weeks to go from acceptance to approval. Keep tracking your IRS return on the IRS website at https://www.irs.gov/refunds.
⋆ RefundTalk.com. If your tax return status is "Still Being Processed" your tax return could be essentially on hold until the IRS corrects any issues and/or gets the additional information from you to continue processing your return. | <urn:uuid:987215b0-0384-48e5-91c6-a67b526e59fc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.vietart.com/why-are-2021-refunds-taking-so-long | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00678.warc.gz | en | 0.958309 | 1,171 | 1.765625 | 2 |
In Mali, West Africa, lives a tribe of people called the Dogon. The Dogon are believed to be of Egyptian decent and their astronomical lore goes back thousands of years to 3200 BC. According to their traditions, the star Sirius has a companion star which is invisible to the human eye. This companion star has a 50 year elliptical orbit around the visible Sirius and is extremely heavy. It also rotates on its axis.
This legend might be of little interest to anybody but the two French anthropologists, Marcel Griaule and Germain Dieterlen, who recorded it from four Dogon priests in the 1930's. Of little interest except that it is exactly true. How did a people who lacked any kind of astronomical devices know so much about an invisible star? The star, which scientists call Sirius B, wasn't even photographed until it was done by a large telescope in 1970.
The Dogon stories explain that also. According to their oral traditions, a race of people from the Sirius system called the Nommos visited Earth thousands of years ago. The Nommos were ugly, amphibious beings that resembled mermen and mermaids. They also appear in Babylonian, Accadian, and Sumerian myths. The Egyptian Goddess Isis, who is sometimes depicted as a mermaid, is also linked with the star Sirius.
The Nommos, according to the Dogon legend, lived on a planet that orbits another star in the Sirius system. They landed on Earth in an "ark" that made a spinning decent to the ground with great noise and wind. It was the Nommos that gave the Dogon the knowledge about Sirius B.
The legend goes on to say the Nommos also furnished the Dogon's with some interesting information about our own solar system: That the planet Jupiter has four major moons, that Saturn has rings and that the planets orbit the sun. These were all facts discovered by Westerners only after Galileo invented the telescope.
The story of the Dogon and their legend was first brought to popular attention by Robert K.G. Temple in a book published in 1977 called The Sirius Mystery. Science writer Ian Ridpath and astronomer Carl Sagan made a reply to Temple's book, suggesting that this modern knowledge about Sirius must have come from Westerners who discussed astronomy with the Dogon priests. The priests then included this new information into the older traditions. This, in turn, mislead the anthropologists.
This is a possibility considering Sirius B's existence was suspected as early as 1844 and seen was through a telescope in 1862. It doesn't seem to explain a 400-year old Dogon artifact that apparently depicts the Sirius configuration nor the ceremonies held by the Dogon since the 13th century to celebrate the cycle of Sirius A and B. It also doesn't explain how the Dogons knew about the super-density of Sirius B, a fact only discovered a few years before the anthropologists recorded the Dogon stories.
It is also important to remember that although many parts of the Dogon legends seem to ring true, other portions are clearly mistaken. One of the Dogon's beliefs is that Sirius B occupied the place where our Sun is now. Physics clearly prohibits this. Also, if the Dogon believe that Sirius B orbits Sirius A every 50 years, why do they hold their celebrations every 60 years?
Sirius A is the brightest star in our sky and can easily be seen in the winter months in the northern hemisphere. Look for the constellation Orion. Orion's belt are the three bright stars in a row. Follow an imaginary line through the three stars to Sirius which is just above the horizon. It is bluish in color.
Sirius is only 8.6 light years from Earth. Astronomer W.Bessel was the first to suspect that Sirius had an invisible companion when he observed that the path of the star wobbled. In the 1920's it was determined that Sirius B, the companion of Sirius, was a "white dwarf" star. The pull of its gravity caused Sirius's wavy movement.
White dwarfs are small, dense stars that burn dimly. Sirius B is, in fact, smaller than the planet Earth. One teaspoon of Sirius B is so dense that it weighs 5 tons.
So did alien fish-men pay a visit to ancient Earth and give the Dogon their knowledge? Or was the Dogon's culture contaminated by western visitors? Or could the Dogon's have had ancient technical or non-technical means to find this information out? Or is the whole thing just a matter of coincidence?
The question maybe settled as larger and more powerful telescopes take a look at the Sirius system. According to the legend there is a third star: Sirius C, and it is around Sirius C that the home planet of the Nommos orbits. Most scientists do not consider any part of the Sirius system a prime candidate for life, though.
When Temple first issued his book in the 1970's there was no solid evidence of a Sirius C. In 1995, however, two French researchers, Daniel Benest and J.L. Duvent, authored an article in the prestigious journal Astronomy and Astrophysics with the title Is Sirius a Triple Star? and suggested (based on observations of motions in the Sirius system) there is a small third star there. They thought the star was probably of a type known as a "red dwarf" and only had about .05 the mass of Sirius B.
So has the home star of the Nommos been discovered? Or is this just another strange coincidence?
Thank you for visiting my page at Angelfire. Please come back and visit again! | <urn:uuid:08f6c66e-c69a-435b-b4a9-765e1d1dfaf8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.angelfire.com/az3/dwhartnett/hazlittdogon.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00482-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.969758 | 1,152 | 3.4375 | 3 |
Helping Students Connect the Dots: Thoughts, Feelings, & Behaviors
Part of creating a healthy classroom climate is acknowledging that we’re all in the same boat. None of us is immune to life’s challenges, and we all need help once in a while. In this section, we provide tools to help students recognize the connection between their thoughts, feelings and behaviors, and develop healthier ways of coping. These activities are designed to be used with the whole class, but can easily be adapted for use in one-on-one discussions if necessary.
The concepts discussed here are grounded in an evidence-based approach called Cognitive Behavioral Theory, or CBT. We’ve included a brief discussion of the cycle of situations, thoughts, feelings and behaviors on which this approach is based, to provide a bit of context. But as we note throughout this website, you are not being asked to take on the role of therapist.
Why is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy helpful?
CBT is based on the idea that how we feel and what we do are colored by the way we think. Because we have the ability to change the way we think, we can learn how to have better control of our feelings and our actions.
Recognizing the Cycle
From time to time, all of us struggle with thoughts, feelings and behaviors that are unproductive or detrimental, and we all find it difficult at times to muster the motivation to take the action needed to interrupt our troublesome outlook and replace it with a healthier, more positive one. Why do we do the things we do? Mental health professionals sometimes describe behaviors as resulting from a cyclical process:
Simply put, a situation arises, and we have thoughts about the facts of that situation; those thoughts trigger feelings, and based on those feelings we engage in behaviors which in turn impact the situation (either positively or negatively), and the cycle continues.
Are we doomed to repeat our cycles?
While at first it may seem that, as creatures of habit, we can do little to interrupt these cycles, that’s not the case. There are proven methods to intervene at various points in the cycle and change the trajectory. The exercises in this section are designed to help students learn to identify troublesome cycles and employ straightforward interventions to head in a healthier direction. There are exercises specific to each phase of the cycle. As you’ll read below, the exercises focusing on the behavior phase are grounded in a subcategory of CBT called Behavioral Activation (BA). BA focuses on breaking the cycle of inactivity that can keep us unmotivated and “stuck.” Although grounded in evidence-based theory, BA is not therapy; its practical skill building.
You can use any of these exercises one-on-one with a student, or try them with your whole class together.
We all receive messages about a given situation – both messages from others and messages we send ourselves. The more clearly we can label these messages, the less likely they are to drive the cycle in an unhealthy direction.
We can retrain our brains to identify automatic thoughts which can be negative or unhelpful, interrupt them and replace them with more constructive coping thoughts.
Learning to name and rate our moods and cultivating mindfulness can help us to connect to our emotions, rather than being dictated to by them. Relaxation techniques can help ease the feelings of stress and anxiety that can keep us stuck in unhealthy behaviors.
When we are down, we tend to be less active; the less we do, the less we want to do, and the more we continue to feel down. Behavioral Activation (BA) techniques like those in the exercises below force us to interrupt that cycle by doing something, even if we aren’t motivated to do anything. As experience shows, we eventually begin to see benefit from (or even enjoy) the activity, and our motivation to continue it (along with a more positive outlook) “catches up,” starting a new, healthier cycle. | <urn:uuid:85568096-b42b-4397-bbba-7dc4b9757f8e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.classroommentalhealth.org/mental-health-in-the-classroom/thoughts-feelings-behaviors/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284411.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00454-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.944447 | 821 | 4.3125 | 4 |
The challenges of raising kids and a career under one roof are impossible to enumerate. So it’s a good thing so many parents are experts at finding rhythms and routines that work best for everyone in the family. The questions that are good for the kids are good for the mama (and papa), too: What would simplify your morning routine? When do you feel most productive? What shortcuts would help you set aside more time to write?
The answers to these questions are a start, butas you well knowfamily life can be a tad unpredictable, and those “routines” can fly out the window before the ink dries on your well-meaning to-do list. So I’ve put together some concrete ideas for plucking spare moments to write between child duties/activities. Morning, noon or night, the time is thereyou just have to know where to look.
For starters, break your weekly tasks down in advance, based on what you think you can accomplish in the amount of time your kids will be occupied. (Sunday night is a good time to do this.) For example: A beginning writer might plan to write one article per week during the times her kids watch “Sesame Street.” As the week unfolds, keep in mind the following breakdown of potential writing moments.
MORNINGS: RISE AND WRITE
GET UP EARLIER: I know, I knowthis has never been a very popular suggestion. But it doesn’t have to be painful. Perhaps you and your spouse could trade off night and morning duties, so you can get to bed earlier on some nights. In other words, your spouse oversees the bedtime routine, and you oversee the morning routineafter you get in an hour of early-morning writing.
SKIP THE BUSY WORK: If morning is your most mentally productive time of day, don’t waste your energy on things that could just as easily be done later: folding laundry, talking on the phone, making grocery lists.
PRE-PREP MEALS: Prepare lunches, set the table for breakfast, set up the coffee machine and put out the nonperishable foods the night before. Making this a habit will better prepare you to meet your day while giving you precious extra time during the hectic morning hours.
TAILOR TO FIT: Create morning routines to suit each family member’s personality so they’ll be self-directed and leave you to your writing. For example, your 6-year-old may love to pick out her clothes the night before and lay them out for the next day, but your teenager may view this as a major violation of his rights. No need to micromanage; just help each child find a system that works. The operative word here is “works.”
TURN ON THE TV: Of course, moderation is the key, but you can use television, VCRs and DVDs as part of a regular routine to carve out writing time. Remind everyone involved that watching television is a special treat. Let the kids know you’ll be working while they watch but that you’re available if they really, really need you. Explain that you expect them to behave and give them a preview of what’s coming next. For example: After “Arthur,” we’ll take a walk to the park (or have a play date, or color, etc.).
MULTITASK: Don’t forget morning activities that give you a little time here and there. Can you get a few notes written in the waiting room at a doctor’s appointment or during children’s classes or activities? Some groups require your participation, but others, especially after toddler age, don’t. (In fact, your kids may prefer if you let them do their thing.) I recently roughed out several pages while my daughter was in a morning dance class, and those pages came faster and more easily than anything I wrote in my office that day.
AFTERNOONS: EVERYBODY RECHARGE
LET ‘EM EAT SLOWLY: At lunchtime, toddlers can be notoriously slow. If you’re blessed with a pokey or picky one, make use of the time you spend sitting at the kitchen table. Keep a notepad handy and pull it out after you serve lunch for brainstorming ideas while the kids eat.
GET A HEAD START: If you have kids of various ages at home, lunchtime probably isn’t going to yield any literary breakthroughs. If you spend your time wisely at lunch, however, you can earn time before or after dinner when back-up (your spouse or older children) arrives. So go ahead and set the table for dinner after lunch, get the recipes and ingredients out for dinner and, if possible, get a jump-start on preparation while everyone’s still finishing their lunches.
DECLARE QUIET TIME: If you’re a really lucky writer mama, your child’s naps afford you valuable extra work time. But even if you don’t have a napper, you can declare an hour or so of quiet time in the afternoon. During quiet time, all children must go to their rooms, play quietly and leave mommy alone (unless it’s urgent, of course). Discourage interruptions that aren’t absolutely necessary.
REST UP: Alternately, you can go ahead and take a nap yourself during quiet time so you’ll have more energy to write in the evening. Just crash with your kids or find a resting spot within earshot of their stirring. You’ll be more energized in the evenings even if you don’t actually fall asleep.
EVENINGS: WRING OUT EVERY SECOND
HOMEWORK FOR EVERYONE: If you have older kids, they likely have homework. While they work, you can work. Or they may have practices, Girl Scouts or other activities that allow you some quiet time. And if you have very young children, chances are they go to bed fairly early, which can open up your evening hours.
STRETCH IT OUT: After dinner, you may want to just get to your desk and get straight to workbut a 15-minute power walk around the block, a quick dance or a big stretch will help you revitalize yourself so you can work more efficiently.
EASE IN: Once you sit down, set a timer for 20 minutes and do something easy or fun right off the bat. Type up a funny anecdote from your day. Or rough out an inspirational article. Go in a direction that feels easiest for you or that you associate with warming up. Then, when the timer rings, you’ll be ready to ring out some nitty-gritty research for an article or edit the draft of your personal essay for the zillionth time.
STAY IN THE ZONE: When the sitcom laughter from another room starts to lure you away from work, grab your timer again, but this time for the tough stuff. Here’s how it works: Respond to e-mails20 minutesgo! Draft article20 minutesgo! Proofread yesterday’s draft, plan for next weekyou can get a lot done in short bursts if you practice working that way.
LATE NIGHT: LAST REFUGE FOR THE DESPERATE
Writer Heather Sharfeddin awoke in the middle of the night with the idea for her first published novel, Blackbelly. Fortunately, she’d been dealing with insomnia long enough to already be in the habit of shuffling to her computer, where she’d write until sleep beckoned her back to bed. For some mamas, late-night hours are the best you can get. But hey, you can still make it work. Just be sure to get the rest you need to function the next morning.
CONTEST: ARE YOU A WRITER MAMA (OR PAPA)?
Writing’s hard; parenting’s harder. Only the strongest souls would consider doing them both at the same time, and we applaud that spirit.
Writer’s Digest wants to hear from you on the topic of: “When Parenting and Writing Collide.” Write your best original, unpublished parenting-and-writing story in a 500-word essay and e-mail it to firstname.lastname@example.org with “Writer Mama contest” in the subject line. Christina Katz, author of “Writer Mama,” will select the top three entries. The first-place entry will be published in an upcoming issue of Writer’s Digest magazine; second- and third-place entries will be posted on thewritermama.com. All winners will receive a signed copy of “Writer Mama.” All entries must be e-mailed to email@example.com by March 31.
The entry must be written in the body of the e-mail; attachments will not be accepted or opened. Each entry should include your name, address, telephone number and e-mail address. Only the winning writers will be contacted, and entries will not be returned. “Writer’s Digest” retains first-time rights to run the winning entries in the magazine and/or on our website or associated websites, after which all rights return to the author. The decisions of the editors are final. | <urn:uuid:53e62cde-c438-4d2d-afae-fa7df300596a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.writersdigest.com/qp7-migration-all-articles/qp7-migration-career-advice/the_write-at-home_mom | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282926.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00393-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.936655 | 1,970 | 2.03125 | 2 |
aTraveler’s guide to Diu Island – Beautiful Places & Beaches in Diu
Diu is one of the most sought after tourist destinations in India during Christmas and New Year holidays. All kind of visitors can be found here from across the world. The culture of Diu provides both modern and ethnic taste of Indian heritage.
The best time to visit this place is during February and March when the climate is mild and then at the end of the year from October till December end. The place is loaded with around twenty world-famous tourist attractions and is listed as a safe place to travel by proprietors of global tourism.
You can either make a weekend tour to this place or spend a whole week exploring various places.
Here are some of the unique sightseeing options for you in Diu during your visit which you must not miss in Diu Island.
Diu Fort – Sea Fort of Diu
Diu Fort is one of the best local attraction that one should never miss on their visit to Diu. The fort embarks a glorifying era of Portuguese in Diu.
The breathtaking sight of Arabian sea is what makes this location a perfect tourist destination. The panoramic view of Arabian sea from the fort is the best spot to take pictures for the tourists visiting it.
On the right of this massive fort lies a line of hotels and restaurants which makes it appropriate for one to stay and spend a night here.
History of Diu Fort
The fort was built between 1535 to 1541 AD, a period embarked by Portuguese inheritance in Diu. This ear was concluded by Bahadurshah popularly called Sultan of Gujrat on the mark of his loss to Humanyun, The Mughal emperor.
Diu fort is listed in the seven wonders of Portugal and embarks their longest colonial rule of 424 years, starting from 1537 to 1961 and was ousted by Government of India by running “Operation Vijay” to recapture the lands.
The fort has three gorgeous churches namely Church of St. Francis of Assisi, St. Paul’s Church and St. Thomas Church and Venetian Gothic style bungalow and Havelis.
There is also located a Shiva Temple which is dedicated to very famous Gangeshwar Mahadeva and is in the parameters of the fort.
While visiting Diu fort, one should not miss visit the beautiful Nadia caves. Though you may not find much about these caves in the tourist’s Pictionary but the caves provide a quiet escape from the overly crowded Diu fort.
The caves are quite and have various inlets through which light comes inside the cave and creates various formations to play around for photographers. The caves are open for visitors till six in the evening and no one can stay here beyond that as it starts to get dark.
Caves itself are sort of interlinked tunnels with various formations and huge step-like structures which often intricates the explorer within you. Some say the caves are natural formations and others say that Portuguese dug out the stone slabs to build the for here and hence these caves were formed.
Nadia Caves provided an important escape point for Indian soldiers during their “Operation Vijay” to make Portuguese leave the country. You can find various spots around the caves surfaced with trees. Often you are bound to see the famous Hokka trees which are native to Diu.
It’s a good spot to traverse around while your visit to Diu Fort.
Nagoa Beach is one of the main attraction of Diu Island. This makes tourism as main industry around this place and offers various options of water sports. This includes options like boating, parasailing, and yachting.
People often visit here to get the adrenaline rush during their vacations. All water sports are conducted under vigilance of experts and using necessary safety gears.
Others who like the serenity of the beach, also visit this place for its ultimate tranquillity offered by its pristine beauty and calm atmosphere. People come over here from across India to relax and enjoy their vacations. The beach is surrounded by swaying palm trees which provides an ultimate location to laze around on the white sand and blue water.
People often visit here early morning or in evening to witness the mesmerizing sunrises and sunsets.
Hoka Trees Diu
While driving through the coasts of Diu you may encounter a peculiar looking tree on road sides. These are Hoka trees. The tree display a fern like structure. Its looks like three or four coconut trees are protruding out from same trunk.
The tree is peculiar to this part of the country and cannot be found anywhere else. It is specie which is a native of the Nile valley in Egypt and Sudan. It also bears fruits which is used to prepares things like molasses, cakes and sweetmeats. It is also known as doum palm due to its palm-like structure.
The tree is said to be introduced to Diu by Portuguese and its seeds are used to prepare country liquor. People also often craft baskets out its leaves and branches. The tree provides the uniqueness to Diu and although could be germinated to other parts of the country, people often avoid doing that to keep it as a distinguished part of Diu Island only.
Birding Places around Diu
While visiting Diu, you can add an adventure to your trip by visiting Fu dam Bird Sanctuary. You can encounter many bird species in this marshy area which includes flamingos, spoonbills, western reef egrets and lot many blue cheeked bee-eaters.
Best time visit this sanctuary is during winters. You can even hire a boat to travel around wetlands to have a closure look at natural inhabitant species of this sanctuary. You will be mesmerized to see lines of birds feeding their families during evening hours.
People often visit this observatory during morning hours to have tranquilizing view. The land is enthralled with mangrove scrubs which make it a good breeding place for fishes as well.
People often don’t go for this adventure as most of them don’t know that it exists.
Diu is house to birds and hence in addition to this sanctuary, there is also a bird-watching tower and a lake near Hare Krishna Temple where you could encounter the various species of birds. You can find as many as 200 bird species around here.
The fort of Pani Kotha is another gem in the treasure of Diu. It was constructed into a massive structure which spreads around 56,736 Sq. meters on the Arabian Sea and was originally built by Portuguese to shield the Diu against Mughal intrusion.
The fort also has old cells in the basement where it uses to keep its prisoners. People say that the fort related to land through an underwater channel during Portuguese reign and was a place of secrets. That underwater channel though is not present anymore today but the fort hosts a lighthouse.
The lighthouse disseminates lights in various forms and colours during the night which is fun to watch at night. One can even view the lighthouse performance from Diu bridge during the night.
The best time to visit the fort is before two in the afternoon as after that high tides start which can make it difficult for one to travel to the fort and usually entry is prohibited for civilians after 2 PM. the fortress is also famous for its peculiar shape in the form of a ship and hosts a little beacon and a sanctuary devoted to the Lady of the Sea.
INS Khukri Memorial
An Indian frigate named INS Khukri was destroyed in 1971 on 9th Dec in a combat with Pakistani submarine during an Indo Pak war. The incident was daunting as Indian Navy took the decision of deploying two obsolete frigates against a modern submarine due to lack of the adequate number of anti-submarine aircraft.
On 9th Dec, INS Khukri was moving slowly on its course to test an improved version of sonar and was unaware of presence of a warship submarine nearby as it lacked the capability to do so. The Hnagor fired a torpedo directed towards Khukri which got stuck in its oil tank and exploded causing a causality of 18 officers and 176 sailors.
The captain of the ship, Mahendra Nath Mulla chose to go with the sinking ship and was awarded with Maha Vir Chakra after his death in this incident.
The memorial of these dead sailors is in Diu at 20°42′10″N 70°58′37″E which consist of a scaled model of INS Khukri in a glass house and is placed on the top of a hillock facing towards the sea. | <urn:uuid:33fde727-2b2e-4df0-9808-f70c0821f03e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://atraveler.co/must-visit-places-diu-island/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570871.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808183040-20220808213040-00277.warc.gz | en | 0.973865 | 1,800 | 1.765625 | 2 |
native Ithacan and the nation's most notable
ornithological painter since Audubon.
Cornell University holds a large collection of his bird illustrations, as well as his personal papers. You will find here a database with 2500 of these illustrations, as well as an exhibit based on the journal he kept during the 1899 Harriman Alaska expedition.
Search the L. A. Fuertes Image Database
Visit the Harriman Expedition Exhibit
View the guide to Cornell's collection of Louis Agassiz Fuertes personal papers
Division of Rare and
Manuscript Collections, Cornell
Page designed by Angela Moll & Noni Korf Vidal.
Last updated 8/31/01. | <urn:uuid:54b8aa31-0465-4e4b-8737-e9c0f68dfd4b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://rmc.library.cornell.edu/Birds/Default.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279410.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00165-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.926203 | 146 | 1.882813 | 2 |
Monument fixes this year ($265,000, national park maintenance funding)
• The Ohio Monument at Cravens House and several monuments at Chickamauga Battlefield
• The Illinois Monument at Bragg Reservation
Monument fixes last year ($445,000, mostly federal stimulus funding)
• New York Peace Monument at Point Park (inspection only)
• Ohio Monument at Cravens House (granite base only)
• Iowa and New York monuments at Cravens House
• Illinois, New Jersey, New York, Maryland and Wisconsin monuments at Orchard Knob
Source: Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park
The eagle atop the Ohio Monument at Cravens House may be one of a kind, and this week it's getting a special fix to keep it flying atop its 65-foot granite perch.
The copper eagle - damaged by a bullet and by lightning - was thought to be in danger of falling because rust was weakening its structural support.
Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park officials had thought the National Park Service's Maryland-based preservation crew would have to take the eagle down to repair it.
But contract conservator Gordon Ponsford gave park rangers a good surprise: The eagle won't have to be pulled from the air for the estimated $140,000 repair.
After getting eye-level with the eagle and removing some rust from its anchor rod, Ponsford said the support pole had lost only about one quarter of an inch from its 2.5-inch diameter.
"We think it's good for another couple of hundred years," Ponsford, a Kennesaw, Ga.-based conservator working with the National Park Service's one-of-a-kind preservation crew, said Tuesday. The crew is here for a second summer to complete a 100-year makeover to several massive Civil War monuments.
Jim Szyjkowski, chief of resource management at Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park, said he is glad the eagle stayed aloft. He'd had horrors about a "flyaway" eagle.
"Not that these guys would let that happen," he added quickly.
Keeping the eagle aloft also will save time and money, giving the preservation crew time to clean and work on perhaps 25 smaller monuments, most on the Chickamauga Battlefield.
Szyjkowski said Ponsford also will be able to train some of the Chickamauga Battlefield's local maintenance crew.
The fact that the eagle is both large and made of copper makes it a rare bird indeed.
Ponsford said he knows of only three copper monument statues of the eagle's size - 5 feet tall with a 10-foot wingspan - and its detail and era. One is the Statue of Liberty. The second-biggest is of Hermann the German, a nickname for Arminius, a Germanic chieftan who defeated a Roman army in 9 A.D. That statue is in Ulm, Minn.
"This is only the third one I know of, because 99.9 percent are all bronze," Ponsford said.
Szyjkowski said locals, too, assumed the eagle was bronze until the monument preservation project began here last year.
Scott Jones, the Maryland-based historic preservation crew's project manager, and Ponsford said the eagle's detail also is special.
"It's pretty impressive," Jones said. "There are about 16 different pieces that are all welded or brazed together. There's another [bronze] monument that's similar in design in Arlington Cemetery called the Spanish American. I'll be interested to see who the sculptor is on the eagle here. Gordon [Ponsford] said the detail on this is amazing, and it may be related to the one in Arlington."
On Thursday, the crew took one other precaution for the eagle. They injected a rust converter, a product that converts rust to a protective coating that seals out moisture. The coating also will prevent future rust from forming and give the bird a better grip.
They also healed a bullet hole placed there decades ago by a local youth who was target-practicing. The bullet hole was partially responsible for letting in water that rusted the support rod, Jones said. Damage to the granite base from a lightning strike was repaired last summer.
The crew will finish cleaning the bird and give it a new dark wax coating to restore the original patina and protect the copper.
More crew members will arrive in the next couple of weeks to work on the Illinois Monument on Bragg Reservation. That monument holds five statues, Jones said.
Szyjkowski said the work on the Illinois Monument will cost about $125,000. He said the park competed with other national parks for the preservation funding, and the fact that this year marks the 150th anniversary of the Civil War's first shot likely helped.
"We were the first national military park, too." Szyjkowski said. "The Gettyburgs and Antietams used us as a model."
Contact Pam Sohn at email@example.com or 423-757-6346. | <urn:uuid:a0087a4f-1f58-483f-9102-2695f2edd5ea> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.timesfreepress.com/news/news/story/2011/jun/14/historic-eagle-still-soars-chickamauga-and-chattan/51871/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718866.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00003-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.952024 | 1,064 | 1.828125 | 2 |
Green Drinks International provides a social outlet for like-minded individuals to get together and discuss environmental problems and solutions. Started in London in 1989 by a group of environmentally conscious friends, Green Drinks International has spawned 350 chapters worldwide, including in Australia, South Korea, India, Afghanistan and dozens of U.S. cities, according to greendrinks.org.
At Green Drinks, “people are relieved to be in a space where you’re not the odd one out if you want to talk about the environment,” says Heather Burns-DeMelo, a magazine editor and co-founder of CT Green Scene (ctgreenscene.com), launched in July 2007 for environmental news, information and events in Connecticut.
More than 200 eco-conscious residents of Fairfield County in Connecticut and Westchester County in New York, as well as New York City, met at the first event in October to socialize and discuss environmental issues. The event has already helped lead to business deals, according to Burns-DeMelo. And with major corporations in the Fairfield area such as United Technologies and General Electric, it’s crucial to raise environmental awareness among affluent residents, Burns-DeMelo says. “These are the people who can really make the change.” | <urn:uuid:81c2488c-80b9-4a37-916e-740a5cb34f0d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wwd.com/business-news/financial/eat-drink-be-green-458539/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572304.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816120802-20220816150802-00478.warc.gz | en | 0.943449 | 267 | 1.96875 | 2 |
To make energy sunlight may be used and is a excellent source of energy. When persons think of solar power, they typically consider solar systems attached to the top of a home. While this is really the largest software with this technology, solar battery chargers can be useful for more moderate jobs and conduct very well. These solar battery chargers are easy to set up and may run for years without problems and can be utilized for a wide selection of applications. They frequently will undoubtedly be manufactured in an equipment with a solar screen, the transformation technology expected, possibly a battery pack, and any wiring that is needed.
Solar chargers are frequently used for outdoor lighting. Lights on pathways and lights for lighting signs are two kinds of employs for such lights. These solar battery chargers are actually all-in-one energy products that use solar cells and batteries that’ll boost during the daytime. This permits the batteries to operate the lights throughout evening and the battery will soon be charged during daylight hours.
If you were to energy these lights by common indicates it would mean that you would need to have operating power from some range away and that will make the light quite a bit more expensive. To be able to use these solar chargers makes this lighting possible. In the event of the smaller light employed by homeowners to light a route or garage, exactly the same benefits apply.
Still another place where solar battery chargers are employed is in remote tracking equipment. There are numerous environmental and climate programs all around the globe that use solar chargers to power their electrical equipment. These checking stations provide plenty of critical information to agencies of all kinds and have to have a dependable power source to operate. Solar chargers produce that power for them and have now been achieving this for years.
A solar battery charger can be utilized in other distant parts and offer the energy for lots of the buoys used for maritime navigation. To alert ships with their roles in several key waterways around the globe these buoys are used and have a sign beacon lit on top of them through the night. Many of these have now been enhanced to use a Lithium Solar Batteries and now operate totally independently. The batteries may be charged all day long when the gentle isn’t required and then the light may be used in the evenings when the solar cell can not demand since sunlight has set.
Yet another maritime use for a solar battery charger is aboard boats. Most ships have a supplement of electronic gear that requires to operate while they’re at sea. This gear may be amusement and communications devices, sonar, or fish finders. You can find total packages available for putting in a system to demand up your boat’s battery as well as run a bank of batteries that provide power to all or any the apparatus on the boat.
Solar battery charger use on RVs such as for instance generator properties is yet another software of this engineering that’s improved dramatically. They’re an ideal position to place the cells since they will be facing sunlight all day long long while the RV is travelling. This enables the systems to cost the batteries in the automobile in addition to provide capacity to the devices in the RV while driving.
You can also deploy an additional bank of batteries for use when you are left in a distant area. That allow you to use radios, stereos, and TVs without fretting about operating your battery out. There are lots of different purposes for a solar battery charger and each and every day new employs are being found. It’s an ideal option for all demands and gives a great way to cost a battery for free. | <urn:uuid:631e987b-cb99-425c-b4d8-f753deb2abeb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.dylanthomasprize.com/solar-battery-receiving-adding-to-the-setting-in-a-good-way__trashed/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.951397 | 732 | 2.671875 | 3 |
Japanese decluttering guru Marie Kondo’s The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up has revolutionized homes—and lives—across the world.
Now, Kondo presents an illustrated guide to her acclaimed KonMari Method, with step-by-step folding illustrations for everything from shirts to socks, plus drawings of perfectly organized drawers and closets.
She also provides advice on frequently asked questions, such as whether to keep “necessary” items that may not bring you joy. With guidance on specific categories including kitchen tools, cleaning supplies, hobby goods, and digital photos, this comprehensive companion is sure to spark joy in anyone who wants to simplify their life.
In a nutshell, the konmari method involves getting rid of anything in your life that doesn't spark joy. Starting with clothes, you go through each item and decide what stays or goes based on whether or not it sparks joy when you hold it. Joy is the only criterion: 'If it makes you happy, then the right choice is to keep it confidently, regardless of what anyone else says.'
The illustrations are charming, but there aren't very many of them. The most helpful shows her famous folding method, which is something I didn't understand simply from reading the first book. (Youtube videos helped.) This book has around 10 diagrams for folding dresses, shirts, odd-shaped clothes, camisoles, parkas, etc. Apart from the folding instructions, the other images are simply cute images of rabbits putting things away, a perfectly tidied closet, etc. | <urn:uuid:564fa92a-0222-4561-bab8-fa8743d33be0> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://epub.us/spark-joy-an-illustrated-master-class-on-the-art-of-organizing-and-tidying-up/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281069.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00267-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.949951 | 319 | 1.945313 | 2 |
2013-2016 Vauxhall Insignia Tyre Pressure Monitoring Relearn – The Insignia is a car mid-high range produced since 2008 and sold under the Opel and Vauxhall brands (the latter only in the UK). The car is also sold under other brand names, depending on the area of market economy: the United States with the Buick brand; in Australia with the Holden brand. The first signs of what would be the future Opel Insignia you saw at the end of 2003 at the Frankfurt Motor Show, when it was presented the prototype Insignia Concept, whose stylistic solutions would characterize the entire production in Rüsselsheim started five years later.
This prototype was launched a year and a half after the start of the commercialization of the third series of the Opel Vectra, so he had time to be updated in time for its production. In early 2008 the Insignia was resubmitted as almost final, declaring that within months would take the place of the Vectra C. The launch of the Insignia was the case in autumn 2008 after the presentation at the London Motor Show, where the Insignia (Vauxhall brand) was dropped from the sky by a helicopter. Initially, production was limited to the German market, and then spread to other markets in early 2009.
2013-2016 Vauxhall Insignia Tyre Pressure Monitoring Relearn:
If you receive a low-tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) warning light while driving and you want to clear or turning off the warning light on your 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Vauxhall Insignia, follow these instructions:
- Make sure the vehicle is at a complete stop
- Turn the engine switch off
- Adjust the tire inflation pressure recommended on the tire placard located on the door panel.
- Driving for a few miles (kilometers) to update the tyre pressure values
This procedure should be work on latest generation of Vauxhall Insignia (2013 2014 2015 2016 2017) model years. Hopefully the article of How to Reset Tire Pressure TPMS Light on 2007-2016 Ford Edge usefull for you. Good Luck! | <urn:uuid:592afe91-ba5b-468a-9872-d3e1609124f6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://enginepartsdiagram.com/2013-2016-vauxhall-insignia-tyre-pressure-monitoring-relearn/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284411.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00454-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.935693 | 448 | 1.578125 | 2 |
Within an Antarctic sea squirt, scientists discover a bacterial species with promising anti-melanoma properties. ScienceDaily has secently pubblish an interesting item about a study done by Desert Research Institute: New study brings important advances for Antarctic science and natural products chemistry
There are few places farther from your medicine cabinet than the tissues of an ascidian, or “sea squirt,” on the icy Antarctic sea floor, but this is precisely where scientists are looking to find a new treatment for melanoma, one of the most dangerous types of skin cancer.
In a new paper that was published dec. 1st 2021 in mSphere, a research team from DRI, Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), and the University of South Florida (USF) made strides toward their goal, successfully tracing a naturally-produced melanoma-fighting compound called “palmerolide A” to its source: a microbe that resides within Synoicum adareanum, a species of ascidian common to the waters of Antarctica’s Anvers Island archipelago.
Pubblished last december 1st on ScienceDaily: Your source for the latest research news | <urn:uuid:fb387df2-673f-49c0-8167-a7fcae058453> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.waponline.it/antarctica-scientists-discover-a-bacterial-species-with-promising-anti-melanoma-properties/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570921.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809094531-20220809124531-00269.warc.gz | en | 0.927565 | 243 | 3.171875 | 3 |
Plasmodium, the malaria parasite, is a single-celled organism of unparalleled resilience.
For the past seven months I’ve studied malaria thanks to a grant from the Wellcome Trust to write a book about it. The research has taken me to many laboratories, inside countless articles, into conversations with brilliant malariologists, behind many lenses and to many places – including to the border of Thailand and Myanmar where NPR recently went for their story “A View From The Ground: Thailand Confronts Drug-Resistant Malaria.” While their video below is important, exceptionally well-done and addresses many of the issues regarding resistance, it also served as the final push for me to write about what I can only describe as an exorbitant amount of “victim-blaming.”
When malaria and resistance are presented in public articles there is often a subtle tone coming through that whispers: there are wealthy people trying to help and then there are the poor idiots who screw it all up.
I had lunch one day at the Thai-Myanmar border with Dr. Paul Newton. The guy is a total rockstar when it comes to malaria drug-resistance. In fact, that morning he was featured in a BBC article on the topic. He’s also unbelievably humble and honest. There I was with my notebook ready and willing to probe the brain of this legend with questions about where the counterfeit drugs come from, how to respectfully educate the local people to stop believing that malaria is a curse or that homemade remedies should be taken instead, when he looked up at me and said: “It just happens. Resistance. This is just what happens.”
He eventually answered my questions, but those were the words that stuck with me most and the words that fueled a considerable portion of my research into the topic. Those words were confirmed about a million times by other researchers and even in the sense of fatigue I felt from those working to combat malaria. This killer just keeps finding ways to kill and it doesn’t take long before some new drug comes and does well and then… “it just happens.”
Yes, those in malaria-infested areas and stricken with malaria do things they shouldn’t. Yes, there are so many groups profiting by making drugs with too few ingredients and these drugs are increasing the pace of resistance. But the core reason we’re still talking about malaria in 2012 and will be for years to come is that it fights back against everything we’ve ever thrown at it: DDT, Quinine, Chloroquine, Mefloquine, Artemisin-based combination therapies and more. New research is proving that in some places the mosquito that carries the Plasmodium parasite has not only become resistant to the insecticide on the bed nets, but they’re actually feeding earlier because they’ve adapted to how most people use the nets at nighttime.
Private language almost always differs from public language, but I found this exceptionally true in regards to malaria. Here’s NPR’s insightful video. It’s certainly worth a watch but please do keep some of the above in mind.
–Photo: Muhammed Muheisen, AP | <urn:uuid:2242dad0-b2f5-4e95-b917-46797ed0b307> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://goodmenproject.com/good-feed-blog/social-justice-victim-blaming-drug-resistant-malaria/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280292.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00347-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.962557 | 669 | 2.09375 | 2 |
I have often sat, gazing at my aquarium, wondering what life is like for those critters I keep captive. Are they bored and yearning to be set free? Are they content with their gluttonous lifestyle and constant pampering?
This is a question that is often raised with animals of a higher order, like pachyderm in the zoo, or chimpanzee. Those are easier to personify and to debate, but those are also, not often in our homes.
I keep my aquariums overgrown with actual live plant life. I have a flourishing ecosystem of natural plant filtration and invertebrates that I truly enjoy watching as they pick at the debris and bustle throughout the day. I test my water regularly to make sure it is optimal for the health of all involved. But my fish, well, as I said, I wonder about them.
This interesting study really has nothing to do with gaming for enriching the lives of the fish, but you can see that they’ve effectively made a game, where the fish tries to eat a projected dot. Some may argue that this is cruel, teasing the fish without actually rewarding its hunting instinct. Not only that, but striking the glass can actually harm the fish (you’ve probably seen larger fish with nasty wounds on their lips from this).
Lets say we reversed the “game” though. Many fish, especially in the type of aquarium I have, are shoaling fish. They are put at ease by greater numbers of their own. It has been proven that they live longer when stress is reduced, and these fish are easily stressed by being alone or in small groups. What if we were able to project a larger shoal of fish around them for their own mental comfort?
I don’t have an answer. I realize there are more important and pressing concerns that we should be tackling. I still wonder though, as I watch my fish. | <urn:uuid:fed9d9e4-c80d-42e1-9849-848a148710af> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://hackaday.com/2012/08/24/should-we-make-games-for-fish/?like=1&source=post_flair&_wpnonce=18b5244a97 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281450.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00180-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.981648 | 399 | 2.25 | 2 |
There was a man called Ingiald, who lived at Thverá, on the Eyjafirth; he was one of the original priests and a great chief, and he was already in years when this story begins.
Ingiald was married, and had two sons, Steinolf and Eyiolf, both right good men and fair to see. Ingiald himself was self-willed, reserved, hard to deal with, and obstinate. He cared little for merchants, and did not choose to submit to their arrogance. If he wanted anything from them, he preferred sending other people for it to going himself.
One summer a ship came into Eyjafirth, the master of which was named Hreidar: he was a man of great family, who had his home at Vorz in Norway, and was very courageous and very popular. Ingialds son, Eyiolf, was often about the ship in the course of the summer, and he and Hreidar became great friends. Hreidar told him he should like to pass the winter here in some house, and from the report he had heard he should prefer that of Ingiald. Eyiolf said that such was not his fathers wont, but still that he would see about it. When he came home, he spoke to his father and asked him to take the master of the ship into his house--that he was a good, worthy fellow--and pleaded strongly in his behalf. Ingiald replied, If youhave invited him already, what is the use of talking about it? I must bear my part in meeting the expense, and you must bear yours in taking all the trouble; but he added that he had never had a foreigner staying with him before and that he was still not desirous of doing so. Then Eyiolf answered, It has not yet been settled without your consent; but I have not had much share in the management of the house as yet, and it seems your will that I should not have much, if a guest is not to be received whom I have invited hither. Well, said Ingiald, you shall have your own way in this matter, and the master and one other man may come here. I shall make no charge, for your sake; but you must take all the trouble for them, and I will defray the cost. I am well pleased, replied Eyiolf, that so it should be.
Eyiolf went the next day, found Hreidar, and told him how matters stood, whereupon Hreidar expressed his satisfaction and betook himself, with his cargo, to Ingialds house. A short time afterwards he learned that there was to be a great gathering there at Christmas. In the meantime Ingiald, though reserved, was on good terms with him.
One day Hreidar asked Ingiald to go into the outhouse where his cargo was; and when he went he invited him to choose whatever he liked out of his goods. Ingiald said that he did not wish to take any of his property, but acknowledged his liberality. Hreidar replied, I have, however, thought of something that you may want from us. I have been in several of the best dwellings here in Eyjafirth, and I have seen none so good as this; but the hangings for your hall are not such as to surpass those of other people. So saying, he took from his chests a set of hangings of such quality that no better had ever come to Iceland, and gave them to Ingiald, who thanked him; and a friendly feeling was now established between them. In the course of the winter Eyiolf said that he should like to sail with Hreidar on his outward voyage, but Hreidar did not answer him very readily. Why, says Eyiolf, will you not take me with you? Do you not like me? I like you right well, but your father will not approve of such a return for his hospitality, and I should not like to repay his kindness by taking away a son who is such a credit to him. If he approves, I shall willingly take you with me, and be truly thankful for your going.
Now the traders prepared for their voyage, and when they were ready, Eyiolf again asked Hreidar about taking him out: he told him what he wanted, and how he did not mean to act in this matter against his fathers wishes. Afterwards, he told his father how anxious he was to go, and what had passed between himself and Hreidar. Ingiald said there were few such mean as Hreidar to be found, and what with your own conduct and his tried worth, I shall allow you to go, for I am sure you had better make the voyage with him than with any one else.
Then they sailed and arrived in Norway; and Heidar laid before Eyiolf many schemes for disposing of himself, but he would not agree to anything which was proposed. Well, said Hreidar, what are your plans, then? I really do not know. Will you not visit the king, or some of the other great men? You would, as a matter of course, be entitled to every assistance from us. (At this time Hacon, the ward of Athelstan, ruled in Norway.) Such chiefs are the persons whom you ought to serve. Eyiolf answered, I am not well fitted for a kings service; and though things might turn out as I should desire, yet I decline the proposal. Hreidar said, What will you do, then? Why, replied Eyiolf, do you shirk asking me to your own house? for that is what I want. I do not like to offer you that which it is not good you should accept, and good alone ought you to have at my hands. I am curious, said Eyiolf, to know how this matter stands. You shall know all about it, answered Hreidar, although it befits me ill to speak of it. I have a brother named Ivar; we live together, and hold our property jointly, and are very fond of one another; but we are not of the same mind in one thing, for he cannot bear any Icelander; so that they are not safe where he is. He is out sea-roving all the summer; but when he comes home, he takes up his quarters in my house, with ten or twelve men, and everybody there has to look to their wishes. All these fellows will be so ill-disposed towards you, that you would not in any way be comfortable there.
I am very curious, said Eyiolf, to learn what these men are like, and whatever happens, it will be no fault of yours, if you let the visit take place. Hreidar replied, I owe this to my brother, seeing that he brings me home the excellent gifts which he does--not to let a difference arise between us on your account--and I shall be very much vexed if they mock and insult you. Ah! you want terribly to get out of having me at your house, remarked Eyiolf; but how will he bear himself towards me--will he beat me? It will be something worse than beating; he has many ill-conditioned men with him, and they will put the worst construction on all you do or say. Eyiolf said, Thats no great trial. If a man knows it before, it is folly not to bear that sort of thing: that shall be no hindrance. Hreidar replied, There is a difficulty both ways--you are my friend, and he is my brother, whom I love much.
The end of it was that Eyiolf went to stay at Hreidars, on the promontory; and when Ivar was expected home, he put on a great fur cloak, which he wore every day; he was a tall man, and sat always at Hreidars side.
Now, when Ivar arrived, they went out to meet him as a mark of honour, and received him joyfully. Either brother then aksed the other for tidings and Ivar inquired of Hreidar where he had been through the winter. Hreidar told him he had been in Iceland, and then Ivar asked no more about the matter; but tell me, said he, is that great rough lump I see there a man, or is it some animal? Eyiolf answered, I am a man of Iceland, my name is Eyiolf, and I intend to be here all the winter. I guess one thing, said Ivar; we shall not be without mischief of some kind, if an Icelander is here. Hreidar replied, If you deal badly with him, so that he cannot stay here, the affection between us, as near kinsmen, will suffer. It was a bad voyage of yours to Iceland, said Ivar, if we on that account are to be dependent on Icelanders, or cast off our own friends and kindred: nor do I know why you chose to visit that most hateful people; and then too you have escaped telling me what has happened to you. It is very different from what you suppose, said Hreidar; there are many good fellows there. Well, replied Ivar, at any rate that rough and shaggy beast does not look particularly well on the high seat. But when he saw that his brother set great store by Eyiolf he did not speak so strongly as before against Icelanders. What can I call him, said he, except Lump? and Eyiolf did not seem to object to the name; but they made the worst of everything that he did.
There was a man named Vigfuss, lord of the district of Vorz, the son of Sigurd, who was the son of Kari-Viking; and Vigfuss had a daughter, called Astrida. Hreidar and Ivar were great friends of Vigfuss, and they used to entertain one another alternate winters, at Christmas. At this time it was the turn of the brothers to prepare for the feast. In fact Hreidar had got everything ready, and had then to invite his guest. He asked Eyiolf to go with him, for, said he, I have no curiosity to try how they will behave towards you here. I am not well, replied Eyiolf, and I cannot go. That evening, when Hreidar was gone and they took their places, Ivars companions exclaimed, Now we shall amuse ourselves as we please, for old Lump is left at home. Nay, said Ivar, we must think of something which befits us. Here we are, two brothers, holding our property jointly, and he has all the trouble of it, whilst I have none. This is a man to whom he wishes to be kind, and we act in such a way that he can scarcely stay here, but at the same time we have no fault to find with him. No man shall say anything injurious to him whilst Hreidar is absent. They replied it was just the time to have some sport. No, said Ivar, there is little true manhood in what you say. Every one waits on us here, and we have all the sport we choose, but others have the labour and care. If that man had killed my brother, I would not, for Hreidars sake, do him any harm, and no one shall dare to make sport of him. He shall not be called Lump any longer. In the morning Ivar spoke with Eyiolf: Will you go into the wood with us and amuse yourself He assented to this and went with them: they took to cutting down trees and carrying them home. Eyiolf had with him his sword and a hatchet. I advise you, Icelander, said Ivar, if our men go each his on way, that you get home before dark. So each man went his own way, and Eyiolf went off by himself, and taking off his rough cloak, laid upon it the sword which he hand in his hand. Then he turned into the wood to amuse himself with his hatchet, and cut down the trees which he fancied. As the day advanced it came on to snow, and he thought of going home; but when he came to the spot where he had left his cloak it was gone, and the sword remained behind. He saw a track in the snow as if the cloak had been dragged along. A bear had come and carried off the cloak, but had hardly had strength to hold it off the ground, for it was a young bear, just come out of its lair, that had never killed a man. They Eyiolf went and saw the bear sitting before him, so he drew his sword and cut off its snout close to the eyes and took it home with him in his hand. Ivar came home first, missed Eyiolf, and exclaimed, We have made a bad expedition of it, and we have done wrong in parting from our comrade in the wood, for he does not know his way in it. It is likely that there are wild beasts there, and considering the footing on which we have been with him, it would be much talked about, if he did not get safe back. I advise that we should go and look for him till we find him. When they got out before the door, there was Eyiolf coming to meet them, and Ivar greeted him well, and asked how he came to be covered with blood. Eyiolf showed them what he held in his hand, and Ivar said, I fear you are wounded? but he answered, Dont trouble yourself about me; I have no hurt. Ivar exclaimed, What folly it is to mock men whom we do not know! He has shown in this matter a courage which I doubt if any of us would come up to.
The following evening Hreidar came home, and Ivar asked him, Why are you so moody, brother? Are you anxious about Lump? How do you think I am likely to have dealt with him? No doubt, said Hreidar, it is of some consequence how you have acted in this matter. What will you give me, if I should be on the same terms with him as you are yourself? I will give you, answered Hreidar, that gold ring which belongs to both of us and which you have long liked. Ivar replied, I dont covet your property, but I shall for the future stand to him in the same relation as to yourself, and henceforth he shall sit by my side, and not by yours. Then both of them held Eyiolf in high honour, and felt that the place he sat in was worthily filled; and so it went on.
Now people came to the Christmas feast, and those who were to sit together were told off in messes of twelve. Lots were cast to see who should sit next to Astrida, the daughter of the chief Vigfuss, and Eyiolf always drew the lot for sitting by her side. No one observed that they talked together more than other persons did, but still men said that it was fated to come about in that way that he should marry her. The feast came to an end, after being celebrated with great splendour, and the guest were dismissed with presents. Eyiolf went sea-roving for four summers, and was held to be a very valiant man. He gained great reputation and much booty. It happened one winter that a certain Thorstein came to Vorz, who was a great friend of the brothers, and lived in the upland country. He told them of the strait he was in; how the Berserker, who was called Asgaut, had challenged him to the holmgang, because he had refused to give him his sister, and he asked them to escort him to the field with a large number of men, so that the pirate might not seize on his property. He added that Asgaut had killed many of his people, and that he must give up his sister to him if they would not support him; for, said he, I have no confidence in the result of the holmgang, unless I have the benefit of the good luck which attends you.
They did not like to refuse to go with him, and so they went into the upland with thirty men in their company; when they got to the place of meeting the question was put to all the people there, Was there any man who desired to win a wife by fighting Asgaut? but though the lady was attractive enough, there was no one ready to win her a that price. Then the brothers asked Eyiolf to bear Thorsteins shield for him in the fight, but he replied that he never defended any other man, and not even himself in that way. I shall not like it, said he, if he is killed whilst he is under my care, and there could be no honour in that. But if this young fellow is slain on our hands now, what are we to do? Are we to go away again when that is done, or are we to get a second and third man to fight the Berserker? Our disgrace will only increase in proportion as more men are killed on our side, and we shall get little credit by our journey if we go back without avenging him who thus falls, as it were, on our behalf. Ask me, if you like, to fight the Berserker myself; that is a thing one may do for ones friends, but what you now ask I will not grant. They thanked him much, but the stake to be risked seemed very great in his case.
Well, observed Eyiolf, my opinion is, that none of our people ought to go back to their homes again, if the man who falls is not avenged, and I think it worse to fight the Berserker after your kinsman is killed than it would be before. So he stepped forward, and Ivar offered to hold the shield for him. Eyiolf answered-- It is well offered, but the matter concerns me most, and the old proverb is true, a mans own hand is most to be trusted. Then he went on to the holm, and the Berserker called out, Is that fellow going to fight with me? Is it not true, said Eyiolf, that you are afraid to fight with me? It may be that you are not of the right sort when you fear a big man, and crow over a little one. That has never been laid to my charge, replied the Berserker, but I will explain to you the laws of the combat. If I am wounded I am to get off by paying five marks. Oh, said Eyiolf, I do not feel bound to keep any rules with you, when you set your own price on yourself, and that price is one which in our country would be paid for a thrall. Eyiolf had to strike the first blow, and that first blow he struck in such a way that if fell on the point of the Berserkers shield, and cut it off, and his foot along with it. He got great honour by this feat, and returned home with the brothers. A good deal of money was offered for his acceptance, but he said he had not done the deed for the sake of money, nor for the sake of the lady, but out of friendship for Hreidar and Ivar. Asgaut paid the fine to be released from the duel, and lived a maimed man.
After all this Eyiolf wooed Astrida, the daughter of Vigfuss, and the brothers went to press his suit for him. They said he was a man of great family, who held a good position in Iceland, and had many kinsmen to back him, and they thought it probable his career would be a distinguished one. Eyiolf himself then said, It may be that Astridas friends think we are boasting in what we say, but many know the fact of my having in Iceland an honourable descent and a good property. Vigfuss answered, This will be her destiny, though we did not look lower for our kinswoman, and so she was betrothed to him and they sailed out to Iceland together.
There was a man named Bödvar; he was the son of Vikingakari, and the brother of Sigurd the father of Vigfuss, whose daughter was Astrida, the mother of Erik father of another Astrida, the mother of Olaf, the son of Tryggvi. Vikingakari was the son of Eymund the pirate, the son of Thorir. Bödvar was the father of Oluf the mother of Gizor the white. When Eyiolf and his wife Astrida got out to Iceland, Ingiald was dead, and Eyiolf succeeded to his property and his office as priest. Ingiald had a daughter named Ulfeida, who was married to Narvi of Hrisey. Four children of Eyiolf and Astrida are mentioned, of whom Thorstein was the eldest, but his share of the inheritance was paid him when he married, and he dwelt on Eyjafirth as long as he lived, and has little to do with our story. The second was Vigfuss, who married Halfrida, the daughter of Thorkel the tall from Myvain. Glum was the youngest of their sons, and the daughter was named Helga. She was wedded to Steingrim of Sigluvik, and their son was Thorvald Tafalld, who comes up afterwards in this story. Vigfuss, however, died very soon after his marriage, leaving one child, who survived him a short time only, and thus it came to pass that all his property vested half in Halfrida and half in Glum and Astrida, for Eyiolf was dead before this happened. Then Thorkel the tall moved his establishment to Thverŕ, and Sigmund his son with him. The latter was a man of much importance, an looked forward to becoming chief of the district, if he made a good match, and got the support of good kinsmen.
Thorir was the name of a man who lived at Espihole, the son of Hamund of the dark-skin, and of Ingunna, the daughter of Helgi the thin. He had married Thordis, the daughter of Kadal, and their children were Thorarin and Thorvald the crooked, who lived at Grund on the Eyjafirth, Thorgrim, who lived at Mödrufell, Ingunna, the wife of Thord the priest of Frey, and Vigdis, who married Sigmund.
Now Thorkel and Sigmund took to disturbing the property of Astrida, and they divided the land in half, but Glum and his mother got that part which had no house on it. So they made their dwelling at Borgarhole, but Glum took very little trouble about household matters, and seemed to be somewhat slow in coming to his full faculties. He was for the most part silent and undemonstrative, tall, of a dark complexion, with straight white hair; a powerful man, who seemed rather awkward and shy, and never went to the places where men met together.
The temple of Frey was on the south of the river at Hripkelstad. Thorarin, of Espihole, was a prudent and popular man, but his brother Thorvald the crooked was a bully and hard to deal with. Sigmund thought he should be a great man if he could ally himself to the people at Espihole. In the meantime the property of Glum and Astrida was getting less every day, and their condition became uncomfortable, for Sigmund and Thorkel thwarted them, so that in everything they got less than their share. Then Glum says to his mother that he will go abroad, for I see clearly I shall never get on here, but it may be I shall meet with more luck by means of the reputation of my kindred: I do not like to bear the encroachments of Sigmund, for whom as yet I am no match. However, do not you let go your hold on the land, through your position may be a difficult one. Glum at that time, when he desired to go abroad, was fifteen years of age.
Now we have to tell of Glums voyage. As soon as he landed in Norway he went up to Vigfusss house; and when he came thither he saw a great crowd of people, and all sorts of amusements and games going on. He understood at once that everything there must be on a great scale, but he saw many men of mark, and did not know which was his kinsman Vigfuss. He made him out by observing a tall and distinguished-looking man, in a full blue cloak, on the high seat, playing with a gold-mounted spear. Then Glum went up to him and greeted him, and his greeting was received courteously. Vigfuss asked who he was; he replied that he was an Icelander from Eyjafirth. Vigfuss inquired after his son-in-law, and his daughter Astrida. Glum told him that the former was dead, but that the latter was still living. Then he asked what children of theirs were alive, and Glum gave an account of his brothers and his sister, and added that he who now stood before him was one of the sons, but when he had said that, the conversation went no further. Glum asked Vigfuss to assign him a seat, but he said he did not know how much of what had been told him was true, told him to take a seat on the outside of the lower bench, and took little notice of him. Glum spoke little, and was unsociable in his habits, and when men were drinking or amusing themselves in other ways, he used to lie with his cloak wrapt round his head, so that he seemed a sort of fool. At the commencement of winter there was a feast prepared, and a sacrifice to the gods, in which observance all were expected to take part, but Glum sat in his place and did not attend it. As evening passed on, and the guests had arrived, there was not so much merriment, on account of the meeting of friends and the welcoming one another, as might have been expected when so many had come together. On the day on which the people came, Glum had not stirred out to meet them, nor did he ask any one to sit by him ort to take his place.
After they were set down to table, it was said that the man called Biörn with the Iron Skull, and eleven others with him, were come into the homestead. He was a great Berserker, who used to go about to feasts where many people were assembled, and picked a quarrel with any one who chose to say anything which he could take hold of; the he challenged them to the holmgang: and Vigfuss therefore desired that every one should take care what he said. For, said he, it is less disgrace to do that than to get something worse at his hands. This all men promised to observe, and Biörn walked into the hall and looked for compliments, and asked the last man on the upper bench whether he thought himself as good a man as he (Biörn) was? to which the reply was Very far from it. Then he asked the same question of one man after the other, until he got up in front of the high seat. People used different words in answering him, but the end of it was that no one professed to be his match. When he came up to Vigfuss he asked him if he knew where to find such champions as he (Biörn) was? Vigfuss said he did not know any men equal to him. Well, said Biörn, that is a proper and discreet answer, as might have been expected from you, for you are an honourable man, and your life has been according to your wishes, without any check to your prosperity or any stain on your reputation. It is well therefore that I need address nothing but fair words to you, but I wish to ask you one question--Do you think yourself as good a man as I am? Vigfuss replied, When I was young, out sea-roving and getting some honour of my own--well, I do not know whether I might then have been your match, but now I am not half as good, for I am old and decrepid. Biörn turned away and proceeded further out along the second bench, and went on asking men whether they were his equals, but they all answered that they were not so. At last he came to the place where Glum lay stretched out on the bench. Why does this fellow lie there, said Biörn, and not sit up? Glums comrades answered for him and spoke on his behalf, and said that he was so dull that it mattered little what he said. Biörn gave him a kick, told him to sit up like other people, and asked him if he was as brave a man as he? Glum replied that Biörn had no need to meddle with him, and that he (Glum) knew nothing about his courage; but there is one reason, he added, why I should not like to be put on the same footing with you, and that is because out there, in Iceland, a man would be called a fool who conducted himself as you do, but here I see everybody regulates his speech in the most perfect manner. Then he jumps up, pulls Biörns helmet off, catches up a stick of firewood, and brings it down between his shoulders, so that the great champion bends beneath the stroke. Glum gives him one blow after another till he is down, and then, as he tries to get on his feet, he smites him on the head, and so he goes on till he gets him outside the door. When Glum wanted to return to his seat, Vigfuss had come down from the dais to the floor of the hall and greeted his kinsman, telling him that he had now shown what he was, and proved that he belonged to the race. Now I shall honour you as befits us, said Vigfuss; and he added that he acted as he had done at first, because Glum seemed slow and stupid. I chose to wait till you on your way into our family by some act of manhood. Then he led him up to a seat next himself, and Glum told him he would have accepted that place before, if it had been offered to him. The next day they heard of Biörns death, and Vigfuss offered Glum to succeed to himself in his position and dignity. The latter said he would accept the offer, but he must first go to Iceland in order to see that his inheritance there did not fall into the hands of those whom he did not choose should enjoy it, but that he would return as soon as possible. Vigfuss expressed his conviction that Glum would do credit to his race and increase his reputation in Iceland. So when summer came he got a ship ready for Glum, and put a cargo on board, with much store of gold and silver, and said to him, I feel sure we shall not see one another again; but certain special gifts I will give you, that is to say, a cloak, a spear, and a sword, which we in this family have put great trust in. Whilst you retain these articles, I expect that you will never lose your honour; but if you part with them, then I have my fears: and so they separated.
Glum sailed out to Iceland, and went home to Thverá, where he straightway found his mother. She received him gladly, and told him the unfairness of Sigmund and his father towards her. She bade him however have patience, for that she was not able to cope with them. Then he rode to the homestead, and saw that the fence ran in such a way as to encroach on his property, and he sung these verses:--
Yes! closer than I thought, fair dame,
This hedge so green hath hemmd us in;
Our peace at home is spoilt, and shame
Must cling to us and all our kin.
I sing it now, but in the fray
I soon shall have to draw my sword.
Too surely, whilst Ive been away,
My land hath found a wrongful lord.
What had occurred whilst he was absent, was that Sigmund had worried Astrida, and evidently wanted to drive her off her land. In the autumn, before Glum returned, Sigmund and Thorkel had lost two heifers, and supposed they had been stolen. Their suspicions fell on the serfs of Astrida, who, they said, had no doubt killed and eaten them off hand, and they caused these serfs to be summoned in the spring for the theft. Now these were the best men Astrida had, and she thought she could hardly mange her farm if they went away. So she went to her son Thorstein, and told him what wrong Sigmund and his father were doing her, and asked him to answer for her serfs. I would rather atone for them in money, she said, than that they should be found guilty on a false charge, and I should think it your business now to stand before us, and to show yourself worthy of a good name. Thorstein seemed to think that the prosecutors would so follow up the matter as to bring the full force of their family interest to bear on it. And if, said he, these serfs are essential to your household, we had better take such a share of the fine as will make it possible to get the money to pay it. Yes, she answered, but I hear that the only atonement they will take is one which is intended to ruin us. However, as I see there is a little help to be got where you are, the matter must rest in their hands.
One of the best things about the estate at Thverá was a certain field known by the name of the Suregiver, which was never without a crop. It had been so arranged in the partition of the land that either party should have this field year and year about. Then Astrida said to Thorkel and Sigmund, It is clear thay you wish to push me hard, and you see that I have no one to manage for me, but rather than give up my serfs I will leave the affair to be settled on your own terms. They replied that was very prudent on her part, and after consulting together they decided that they must either declare the men guilty, or award what damages they thought proper. But Thorstein did not stir in the case, so as to take the award out of their hands, and they assigned to the field to themselves, as sole owners, with the intention of getting hold of all her land, by thus depriving her of the main prop of her housekeeping. And that very summer which was coming on, she ought, if she had her rights, to have had the field.
Now, in the summer, when men were gone to the Thing, and when this suit had been thus settled, the herdsmen going round the pastures found the two heifers in a landslip, where the snow had drifted over them early in the winter, and thus the calumny against Astridas serfs was exposed. When Thorkel and Sigmund heard that the heifers had bee found, they offered money to pay for the field, but they refused to renounce the conveyance which had been made of it to them. Astrida however answered that it would not be too great a compensation for the false charge which had been go up, if she were allowed to have what was her own. So, said she, I will either have what belongs to me, or I will submit to the loss; and though there is no one here to set the matter straight, I will wait, and I expect that Glum will come out and put it in the right way. Sigmund replied, It will be a long time before he ploughs for that harvest. Why, there is that son of yours, who is a much fitter man to help you, sitting by and doing nothing. Pride and wrong, said she, often end badly, and this may happen in your case.
It was somewhat late in the summer when Glum came out; he stayed a little while with the ship, and then went home with his goods. His temper and character were the same as thy had been. He gave little sign of what he thought, and seemed as if he did not hear what had happened whilst he was away. He slept every day till nine oclock, and took no thought about the management of the farm. If they had had their right, the field would, as had been said, have been that summer in the hands of Glum and his mother. Sigmunds cattle moreover did them much injury, and were to be found every morning in their home-field.
One morning Astrida waked Glum up, and told him that many of Sigmunds cattle had got into their home-field, and wanted to break in among the hay which was laid in heaps, and I am not active enough to drive them out, and the men are all at work. He answered, Well, you have not often asked me to work, and there shall be no offence in your doing so now. So he jumped up, took his horse, and a large stick in his hand, drove the cattle briskly off the farm, thrashing them well till they came to the homestead of Thorkel and Sigmund, and then he let them do what mischief they please. Thorkel was looking after the hay and the fences that morning, and Sigmund was with the labourers. The former called out to Glum, You may be sure people will not stand this at your hands--that you should damage their beasts in this way, though you may have got some credit while you were abroad. Glum answered, The beasts are not injured yet, but if they come again and trespass upon us some of them will be lamed, and you will have to make the best of it; it is all you will get; we are not going to suffer damage by your cattle any longer. Sigmund cried, out, You talk big, Glum, but in our eyes you are now just as great a simpleton as when you went away, and we shall not regulate our affairs according to your nonsense. Glum went home, and then a fit of laughter came upon him, and affected him in such a manner that he turned quite pale, and tears burst from his eyes, just like large hailstones. He was often afterwards taken in this way when the appetite for killing some one came upon him.
We are told that as the autumn went on Astrida came and spoke to Glum another morning, and, waking him up, asked him to give directions about the work, for the haymaking, she said, would be finished this day if all was ordered as it ought to be. Sigmund and Thorkel had already finished their hay, and they had gone early in the morning to the field Sure-giver; and they are no doubt very well pleased in having that field, which we should have, if all were as it should be. Then Glum got up, but he was not ready before nine oclock. He took his blue cloak, and his spear with gold about it in his hand, and got his horse saddled. But Astrida said to him, You take a good deal of pains about your dress, my son, for haymaking. His answer was, I do not often go out to labour, but I shall do a good stroke of work, and I will be well dressed for it. However, I am not able to give directions for the farm-work, and I shall ride up to Hole and accept the invitation of my brother Thorstein. So he crossed over to the south side of the river, and as he came to the field he took the brooch out of his cloak. Vigdis and her husband Sigmund were in the field, and when she saw Glum she came towards him and greeted him, saying, We are sorry that our intercourse as relations is so little, and we wish in everything to do our part to increase it. Glum told her, I have turned in here because the brooch is gone from my cloak, and I want you to put a stitch in it for me. She said she would do it with pleasure, and did it accordingly. Glum looked over the field and remarked, Sure-giver has not yet lost his character. Then he put on his cloak again, took his spear in his hand, and turned sharp on Sigmund, with it uplifted. Sigmund sprang up to meet him, but Glum struck him on the head so that he needed no second blow. Then he went up to Vigdis, and told her to go home, and tell Thorkel, on Glums part, nothing is yet done which will necessarily hinder our being on the footing of kinsmen, but that Sigmund is unable to leave the field. Glum rode on to Hole, and said nothing to his brother of what had happened; but when Thorstein saw how he was equipped, and how he had his cloak and spear, and perceived the blood in the ornaments of the weapon, he asked him if he had used it within a short time. Oh, cried Glum, it is quite true; I forgot to mention it, I killed Sigmund, Thorkels son, with it to-day. That will be some news, replied Thorstein, for Thorkel and his kinsmen at Espihole. Yes, said glum; however, as the old saying is, The nights of blood are the nights of most impatience. No doubt they will think less of it as time goes on. He staid three nights at his brothers house, and then got ready to return home. Thorstein was preparing to ride with him, but Glum told him, Look after your won household--I shall ride the straight path home to Thverá; they will not be so very keen in this business. So he went home to Thverá.
Thorkel went to see Thorarin, and asked him for counsel as to the course to be taken. His answer was, It may now be that Astrida will say, Glum has not got on his legs for nothing. Yes, said Thorkel, but I trow that he has got on that leg which will not bear him long. Thorarin replied, That is as it may be. You have long dealt unfairly with them, and tried to turn them out, without considering what was to be expected from the descendants of one such as Eyiolf, a man of great family and withal himself of great courage. We are closely connected with Glum by kindred, and with you by marriage, and the suit seems a difficult one, if Glum follows it up, as I think he will. Thorkel then returned home, and the whole matter was kept quiet through the winter; but Glum had somewhat more men about him than he usually had.
It is said that Glum had a dream one night, in which he seemed to be standing out in front of his dwelling, looking towards the firth; and he thought he saw the form of a woman stalking up straight through the district from the sea towards Thverá. She was of such height and size that her shoulders touched the mountains on each side, and he seemed to go out of the homestead to meet her and asked her to come to his house; and then he woke up. This appeared very strange to every one, but he said, The dream is no doubt a very remarkable one, and I interpret it thus--My grandfather, Vigfuss, must be dead, and that woman who was taller than the mountains, must be his guardian spirit, for he too was far beyond other men in honour and in most things, and his spirit must have been looking for a place of rest where I am. But in the summer, when the ships arrived, the news of Vigfusss death became known, and then Glum sang as follows--
At dead of night, beneath the sky,
Upon the banks of Eyjafirth,
I saw the spirit stalking by,
In giant stature oer the earth.
The goddess of the sword and spear
Stood, in my dream, upon this ground;
And whilst the valley shook with fear,
She towerd above the mountains round.
In the spring Thorkel met Thorvald the crooked, and other sons of Thorir, and asked them to follow up this suit of his, referring to the tie which united them throurgh Thorirs daughter, and to all the friendship which he and his son Sigmund had shown to them. Thorvald spoke to Thorarin, and said that it would be discreditable to them not to help their brother-in-law, and he replied that he was ready to do all he could, and besides, he said, It is now clear that Glum means to turn the slaying of Sigmund to account, so as to make himself a great man, and we think ourselves worth as much as he is in the district. Yes, replied Thorarin, but it seems to me it will be hard to follow up the suit, so as to make sure that we shall get any advantage by it, and on the other hand it is not unexpected that Glum should take after his race and kindred. I am slower to move in it than you are, because I doubt if any honour is to be got in a quarrel with Glum; yet I should not like to see our credit lowered. Hoever, after a certain pressure, Thorarin, the son of Thorir, set on foot at the Althing the suit against Glum for the slaying of Sigmund; and Glum set on foot a suit against Thorkel the tall, for slander against Astridas serfs; and another against Sigmund, whom he charged with theft, and whom he alleged that he had killed while trespassing on his own property. So he summoned him as outlawed, inasmuch as he fell on his, Glums, land, and he dug his body up. In this condition matters were when they went to the Althing. Then Glum visited his kinsmen, and sought for help at the hands of Gizor the white, and Teit, the son of Ketilbiörn of Mosfell, and Asgrim, the son of Ellidagrim; and he told them the whole course of the proceedings, and how Thorkel and Sigmund had encroached on his rights, and all the wrong and disgrace they had inflicted on him. But from them, he said, he expected help to put matters in a better condition. He himself would conduct the suit. They all professed themselves bound to take care that his cause was not left in unfriendly hands, and said they should be glad to see him distinguish himself among their kin.
The Thing went on till the court sat, and the men of Espihole preferred their suit for the slaying of Sigmund, rather as if they were egged on by those who had wrongs to revenge, than by those who felt sure that there were no flaws in their case. Glum too moved in the case against Thorkel, and the two suits came before the court. Glum had many kinsmen and friends to back him, and when, as defendant, he was called on to answer, he said, The matter is on this wise. Every one may see that you have gone into this suit more as a question of temper than because there were no defects in your case, for I slew Sigmund trespassing on my own property, and before I rode to the Thing I proclaimed him as an outlaw. Then he named his witnesses on this point, and defended his suit with the help of his kinsmen, in such sort that judgment was given to the effect that Sigmund had been killed out of the pale of the law. Glum next took up the charge against Thorkel for trespass on his property, and the case looked ill for Thorkel, for the witnesses were on Glums side, and there was no legal defence, so that it ended in seeking to compound the matter with the plaintiff. Glum said two courses were open--either he would follow the case out to its conclusion, or Thorkel must reconvey the land that Thverá at such a price as he should put on it, which was not more than half its worth. And Thorkel may be sure, he added, if he is convicted, that we shall not both of us be at the Thing next summer. The friends of Thorkel now interfered to get him to compound the suit, and he took the course which was expedient, settled the matter, and conveyed the land to Glum. He was to live on the land for the year, and thus, so to speak, they were on terms again. But the men of Espihole were ill pleased with the conclusion of these suits, and from that time they were never on a good footing with Glum. Indeed, before Thorkel left Thverá, he went to Freys temple, and taking an old steer up thither, made this speech:--Thou, Frey, said he, wert long my protector, and many offerings hast thou had at my hands, which have borne good fruit to me. Now do I present this steer to thee, in the hope that Glum hereafter may be driven by force off this land, as I am driven off it; and, I pray thee, give me some token whether thou acceptest this offering or not. Then the steer was stricken in such a way that he bellowed loud and fell down dead, and Thorkel took this a a favourable omen. Afterwards he was in better spirits, as if he thought his offering was accepted and his wish ratified by the god. Then he removed to Myvatn, and we have doe with him in this story.
Glum now assumed a high position in the district. There was a man named Gunnstein, who lived at Lón in Högardal, a great and rich man, reckoned to be one of the most important persons in the land. He had a wife called Hlif, and their son was Thorgrim, generally known as Thorgrim the son of Hlif, being called after his mother because she outlived his father. She was a woman of a high spirit, and Thorgrim himself was all that a man ought to be, and became eminent. Another son of theirs was Grim, surnamed Eyrarleggr, and their daughter was Halldora, who was a beautiful woman of a gentle temper. She was esteemed to be about the best match in the country both on account of her kindred and of her own accomplishments and great qualities. Glum paid his addresses to her, stating that he did not want the help of kinsmen to explain what his family or his property and personal merits were. All that you know well enough, and I have set my mind on this marriage is so be that it is agreeable to her friends. He received a favourable answer to his suit, and Halldora was betrothed to him with a great portion; so the wedding went of prosperously, and Glums position became one of more dignity that it was before.
Thorvald was the son of Reim, who lived at Bard, in the Fleets: he had to wife Thurida, the daughter of Thord of Höfdi. Their children were Klaufi and Thorgerda, whom Thorarin of Espihole had married. Thorvald the crooked of Grund wedded Thorkatla of Thiorsádal. Hlenni the Old, the son of Ornolf Wallet-back, dwelt at Vidines, and he had to wife Otkatla, the daughter of Otkel of Thiorsádal. Gizor was the son of Kadal, and lived at The Tarns, in the valley of Eyjafirth; his wife was named Saldis, and she was a worthy matron. Gizor was one of the most considerable landowners, well to do in respect of property, with two daughters, named Thordis and Herpruda, both handsome women, who were distinguished in dress and appearance and were considered good matches. They grew up to womanhood at home. Gizors brother was called Runolf, and he was the father of Valgerda, mother of Eyiolf of Mödrufell. Thordis was Kadals daughter, and she was married to Thorir of Espihole, and they had the children who have been named before. Thorgrim, however, the son of Thorir, although born in wedlock, was not the child of Thordis. He was a brave and well conditioned man, and he set out to meet Gizor and ask Thordis his daughter to wife for himself. His brothers and kinsmen too were engaged in pressing this suit. The maidens relatives thought that they ought all to have a voice in the disposal of their kinswoman, and they all considered the proposal an excellent one; but notwithstanding this Thorgrim was refused. It seemed to pepole in general that Thorgrim had proposed a fair and equal match, and his brothers and kinsmen were offended at his rejection.
We must now bring into the story the man named Arnor, who was called Red-cheek, the son of Steinolf, the son of Ingiald and first cousin of Glum. He had been long abroad, but was highly esteemed, and constantly with Glum when he was in Iceland. He suggested to Glum to get him a wife. Glum asked him what woman he wished to woo? He replied, Thordis, the daughter of Gizor, who was refused to Thorgrim, the son of Thorir. Well, said Glum, that seems to me a hopeless proposal, for there is nothing to choose betwixt you two personally; but Thorgrim has a good establishment, plenty of money, and many kinsmen to back him, whereas you, on the other hand, have no household and not much property. I do not want to offer an unequal match to Gizor, so as to prevent him doing the best for his daughter, as he wishes, for Gizor deserves well at my hands. Arnor answered him, I get the benefit of having good friends, if I make a better match in consequence of your urging my suit. Promise him your friendship, and then he will give me the girl. Indeed, it might have been called a fair match enough, if she had not been already refused to so good a man as Thorgrim. Glum allowed himself to be persuaded and went with Arnor to Gizor and pressed the matter on his behalf. Gizors answer was, It may be, Glum, that people will say I have made a mistake, if I give to Arnor, your kinsman, my daughter, whom I did not choose to give to Thorgrim. Well, said Glum, there is some reason in that; but it may also be said, if you will give proper weight to what I say, that my hearty friendship is to be thrown into the balance. Gizor replied, Yes; but, on the other side, I suspect there will be the emnity of other people. Well, said Glum, you see your way before you; but I tell you that what you do makes a great difference in my disposition towards you. Then said Gizor, You shall not go away this time without succeeding; so he gave him his and, and the girl was betrothed to Arnor. Glum insisted on one condition--that the bridal was to be at Thverá in the autumn; and they parted on this understanding.
Now Arnor had some malt out at Gásar, and he himself and one of his men were to fetch it. Thorgrim, son of Thorir, went to the warm spring on the very day on which they were expected in with the malt, and he was at the bath at Hrafnagil with six of his own men in his company. So when Arnor was coming up and wanted to cross the river, Thorgrim exclaimed, Is not this a lucky hit, now, to stumble on Arnor? Do not let us miss the malt, at any rate, if we have missed the lady. They went at them with their swords uplifted, and Arnor, when he saw what the difference in their number was, jumped right into the river and got across; but his pack-horses remained on the west side of the stream. Ah! exclaimed Thorgrim, we are not altogether out of luck; we shall drink the ale, if they get the wife. So he rode off to South Espihole. Thorir was then quite blind, and Thorgrims companions were very merry and laughed aloud. Then Thorir asked what seemed so laughable to them. They said they did not know which party would have thier feast first; and they told him what they had got, and how the owners of the malt had been driven off, and how the bridegroom had jumped into the water. When Thorir heard the story he said, Do you think you have made a good business of it now, that you laugh so heartily? How do you suppose you will get out of it? Do you imagine you will sleep quietly here to-night and want nothing else? Do you not know what Glums disposition will be, if he approves of his kinsmans journey? I say it is good counsel to get our men together; it is most probable that Glum has already assembled a good many of his.
There was at that time a ford in the river at the place where now there is none. In the course of the night they collected some eighty good men, and stationed them on the edge of the rising ground, because the ford was just at that very point. On the other hand, it is to be told how Arnor found Glum and gave him an account of his expedition. Yes, answered Glum, this is pretty much what I expected; I did not think they would be quiet; and the matter is somewhat difficult to handle. If we do nothing there is disgrace for us, and the honour is not so clear if we try to set it right. However, we must get our men together. So when day broke Glum came to the river with sixty men and wanted to ride across, but the men of Espihole pelted them with stones, so that they did not advance; and Glum turned back whilst they fought with stones and missiles across the water. A good many men were wounded, but their names are not recorded. When the men of the district became aware of what was going on they came up in the course of the day and interfered, and the two parties came to a parley about terms. The men of Espihole were asked what satisfaction they would make for the insult offered to Arnor, and they said that no satisfaction was due from them, though Arnor had run away from his malt-sacks. Then a proposal was made that Glum should take part in asking, on behalf of Thorgrim, for Herpruda, the other daughter of Gizor, and that the marriage of Arnor and Thordis should take place only on condition of Glums getting this second match agreed to. In fact, the one who was to be married to Thogrim was thought to have the best bargain. In consequence of the intervention of so many people, Glum promised his assistance in this matter, and he went to Gizor and spoke to him upon it. It may seem, he said, to be officiousness on my part, if I take on myself to woo a wife for my own kinsman and for the men of Espihole too; but in order to stop disturbances in our district, I think I am bound to pledge my faith and friendship to you, if you will do as I wish. Gizpr replied, It seems best to me that you should have you way, inasmuch as the offer to my daughter is a good one; and so both matches were agreed on. Arnor went to live at Upsal, and Thorgrim at Mödrufell. Shortly after this Gizor died, and Saldis moved her household to Upsal. Arnor had a son by Thordis, who was called Steinolf, and Thorgrim had one who was named Arngrim, and was, as he grew up, a promising lad.
Saldis invited both her grandsons to stay with her. Arngrim was two winters older than Steinolf; there was not in the whole of the Eyjafirth any boys of a better disposition or greater promise, and they were very fond of each other. When one was four years old and the other six, they were one day playing together, and Steinolf asked Arngrim to lend him the little brass horse which he had. Arngrim answered, I will give it you, for looking to my age, it is more fit for your plaything than mine. Steinolf went and told his foster-mother what a fair gift he had got, and she said it was quite right that they should be on such good terms with one another.
There was a woman who went about in that part of the country, named Oddbiörg, who amused people by story telling, and was a spaewife. A feeling existed that it was of some consequence for the mistress of the house to receive her well, for that what she said depended more or less on how she was entertained. She came to Upsal, and Saldis asked her to spae something, and that something good, of those boys. Her answer was, Hopeful are these lads; but what their future luck may be it is difficult for me to discern. Saldis exclaimed, If I am to judge by this unsatisfactory speech of yours, I suppose you are not pleased with your treatment here. You must not, said Oddbiörg, let this affect your hospitality, nor need you be so particular about a word of this kind. The less you say the better, replied Saldis, if you can tell us nothing good. I have not yet said too much, she answered; but I do not think this love of theirs will last long. Then Saldis said, I should have thought my good treatment of you deserved some other omen; and if you deal with evil bodings, you will have a chance of being turned out of doors. Well, said Oddbiörg, since you are so angry about nothing, I see no need for sparing you, and I shall never trouble you again. But, take it as you will, I can tell you that these boys will hereafter be the death each of the other, and one mischief worse than another for this district will spring from them. So Oddbiörg is out of our story.
It happened one summer, at the Althing, that the Northern men and those of the West-firths met one another on the wrestling ground in a match according to their districts. The Northerners had rather the worst of it, and their leader was Márr, the son of Glum. Now a certain man of the name of Ingolf, the son of Thorvald, came up, whose father lived at Rangavellir. Márr addressed him thus--You are a strong-limbed fellow, and ought to be sturdy; do me the favour of going into the match and taking hold. his answer was--I will do so for your sake, and forthwith the man he grappled with went down, and thus it was with the second, and the third, so that the Northerners were well pleased. Then said Márr, If you want a good word on my part, I shall be ready to help you. What may be your plans? I have no plans, he answered, but I had an inclination to go northward and get work. Well, rejoined Márr, I should like you to go with me; I will get you a place. Ingolf had a good horse of his own, which he called b the name of Snćkoll, and he went northward to Thverá, after the Thing was over, and staid there some time. Márr asked him one day what he intended to do. There is and over-looker wanted here, who ought to be somewhat handy; for instance, here is this sledge to be finished, and if you can do that you can do something worth having. I should be too glad of such a place, said Ingolf, but it has sometimes happened that my horses have caused trouble in the pastures of the cattle. No one will talk about that here, answered Márr; so Ingiolf set to work on the sledge. Glum came up, and looked at what he was doing. That is a good piece of work, he observed. What are your plans? Ingolf answered, I have no plans. Glum replied, I want an over-looker, are you used to that sort of business? Not much, in such a place as this, but I should be glad to stay with you. Why should it not be so? said Glum; for I see that you and Márr get on well together. When Márr came home Ingolf told him what had passed. I should like it much, he answered, if it turns out well, and I will take care, if anything displeases my father, to tell you of it three times; but if you do not set it right then I must stop. So Ingolf took to his business, and Glum was pleased with him.
One day Glum and Ingolf, his over-looker, went to a horse-fight; the latter rode a mare, but the horse ran along by their side. The sport was good; Kálf, of Stockahlad was there, and he had an old working horse who beat all the others. He called out, why dont they bring into the ring that fine-jawed beast of the Thverá people? They are no fair match, said Glum, your cart-horse and that stallion. Ah! exclaimed Kálf, the real reason why you will not fight him is because he has no spirit in him. It may be the old proverb is proved true, the cattle are like their master. You know nothing about that, answered Glum, and I will not refuse on Ingolfs part, but the fight must not go on longer than he chooses. He will probably know well enough, said Kálf, that little will be done against your wishes, The two horses were led out, and fought well, and all thought Ingolfs horse had the best of it; Glum then chose to separate them, and they rode home. Ingolf remained that year in his place, and Glum was well satisfied with him.
Not long after this there was a meeting at Diupadal, whither Glum, and Ingolf with his horse, came; Kálf also was there. This last man was a friend of the people of Espihole, and he demanded that they should now let the horses fight it out. Glum said it depended on Ingolf, but that he himself was against it; howerer, he did not like to back out of it, and the horses were led out accordingly. Kálf spurred his horse on, but Ingolfs horse had the best of it in every contest. Then Kálf struck Ingolfs horse over the ears with his staff in such a way as to make him giddy, but immediately afterwards he went at his adversary again. Glum came up, and fair fighting was restore, till in the end Kálfs horse bolted from the ring. Then there wars a great shout, and at last Kálf smote Ingolf with his stick. People interfered, and Glum said, Let us take no note of such a matter as this; this is the end of every horse-fight. Márr, on the other hand, said to Ingolf, Depend upon it, my father does not intend that any disgrace shall attach to you for this blow.
There was a man named Thorkel, who lived at Hamar. Ingolf went thither, and met this mans daughter, who was a handsome woman. Her father was well enough off, but he was not a person of much consideration in the country. Ingolf, however, attended properly to his duties as over-looker, but he did not work as a craftsman so much as he had done, and Márr spoke to him once about it saying, I see that my father is not pleased at your being often away from home. Ingolf gave a fair answer, but it came to the same thing again, and Márr warned him again a second and third time, but it was no use.
One evening it happened that he came home late, and when the men had had their supper Glum said, Now let us amuse ourselves, and let each of us say what or whom he most relies on, and I will have first choice. Well, I choose three things on which I most rely; the first is my purse, the second is my axe, and the third is my larder. Then one man after another made his choice, and Glum called out, whom do you chose, Ingolf? His answer was, Thorkel, of Hamar. Glum jumped up, held up a the hilt of his sword, and going up to him said, A pretty sort of patron you have chosen. All men saw that Glum was wroth. He went out, and Ingolf went with him, and then Glum said to him, Go now to your patron and tell him you have killed Kálf. Why, replied he, how can I tell him this lie? You shall do as I please, answered Glum, so they both went together, and Glum turned into the barn, where he saw a calf before him. Cut its head off, he cried, and then go southward across the river and tell Thorkel that you look to him alone for protection, and show him your bloody sword as the token of the deed you have done. Ingolf did this; went to Thorkel, and told him as news how he had not forgooten the blow Kálf had given him, and how he had killed him. The answer was, You are a fool, and you have killed a good man; get you gone as quick as you can, I do not choose that you should be slain on my premises. Then Ingolf came back again to meet Glum, who asked him Well, how did your patron turn out? Not over well, said he. You will have trouble on your hands, remarked Glum, if Kálf, of Stockahlad should really be killed.
Now Glum himself had killed Kálf, at Stöckahlad, whilst Ingolf was away, and had thus taken vengeance for him, and the following day Kálfs death was publicly known. Thorkel said at once that a fellow had come thither who had taken the death on himself, so that everybody thought it was really so. The winter passed on, and Glum sent Ingolf northward, to the house of Einar, the son of Konál, and gave him nine hundred ells of cloth. You have had no wages, he said, from me, but with your saving habits you may turn this to good account, and as regards this matter which is laid to your charge I will take care of that. It shall not hurt you; I paid you off for your perverseness in this way, and when you come home you may come and pay me a visit. Ingolf answered, One thing I beg of you, do not let the woman be married to any one else. This, I promise you, said Glum. Ingolfs horses were left where they were. Einar, the son of Konál, got Ingolf conveyed abroad, but Thorvald began a suit at the Hegranes Thing for the slaughter of Kálf, and it looked as if Ingolf would be found guilty. Glum was at the Thing, and some of Ingolfs kinsmen came to him, and asked him to look after the case, professing their readiness to contribute to pay the fine for him. Glum told them, I will se to the suit without any fine being paid.
When the court went out to sit, and the defendant was called on for his defence, Glum stated that the suit was null and void, for you have proceeded against the wrong man; I did the deed. Then he named his witnesses, who were to certify that the suit was void; for though Ingolf did kill the calf in the barn, I did not make any charge against him for that. Now, I will offer an atonement more according to the worth of the man killed, ant according to the pride of you men of Espihole. So he did, and the people left the Thing.
Ingolf was abroad that winter, and could stand it no longer, but turned his cash into goods, and purchased valuable articles, and tapestry hangings of rare quality. Glum had given him a good cloak, and he exchanged that for a scarlet kirtle. The summer that he had sailed there came out to Iceland the man called Thiodolf, whose mother lived at Ćsustad. He visited Hamar, and fell in with Helga. One day Glum was riding up to Hole, and a he went down the hill at Saurbć, Thiodolf met him. Glum said to him, I do not like your visits to Hamar; I mean myself to provide for Helgas marriage, and if you do not give this up I shall challenge you to the Holmgang. He answered that he was not going to math himself with Glum, and so he left off going thither.
Then Ingolf came out to Iceland and went to Thverá, and asked Glum to take him in, which was granted. One day he said, Now, Glum, I should like you to look over my merchandize. So he did, and it seemed to him that Ingolf had laid out his money well. Then Ingolf said, You gave me the capital for this voyage, and I consider all the goods as belonging to you. No, answered Glum, what you have got is not enough for me to take anything from you. Here, answered Ingolf, are some hangings which I purchased for you--these you shall accept; and here is a kirtle. I will accept your gifts, replied Glum.
Another time Glum asked him if he wished to remain at home with him, and Ingolf answered that his intention was not to part from him if he had the choice o staying. My stud-horses I will give you, he said, and Glum replied, The horses I will accept, and now to-day we will go and find Thorkel, at Hamar. Thorkel received Glum well, and the latter said, You have wronged Ingolf, and now you must make it up to him by giving him your daughter in marriage--he is a proper man for this match. I will lay down some money for him, and I have proved him to be a worthy fellow. If you do not act thus, you will see that you have made a bad business of it. So Thorkel consented, and Ingolf got his wife and settled down as a householder and a good useful man.
Glum married his daughter Thorlauga to Vigu-Skuta, of Myvatn, in the north country, but on account of disagreement the husband caused her to return to Thverŕ, and divorced her, which annoyed Glum much. Afterwards Arnor Kerlingarnef wooed her and had her to wife, and good men are sprung from that marriage. From this time there was a great feud between Glum and Skuta. One summer it happened that a vagabond fellow came to Skuta and asked to be taken in. He inquired what he had been doing, and the answered was that he had slain a man and could not stay in the district to which he belonged. Skuta replied, Well, what are you ready to do to earn my protection? What do you ask for? said the other. Why, you shall go, as sent from me, to Glums house, and tell him that you want him to take charge of your affair. I think it will turn out with reference to your meeting that he is now on his way to the Thing. He is a good man to help any one in trouble, if people want his aid; and it may be that he will tell you to go to Thverŕ and wait for him there. You will then say that you are in too great a strait for this, and that you would rather have some talk with him alone, and it may be that he will tell you what to do. An any rate ask him to let you meet in the Midárdal, which runs up from the homestead at Thverŕ and in which his pasture-huts stand; say that you would be glad to find him there on some day named for the purpose. The man assented to all this, and it was arranged as Skuta had proposed. Now this fellow, who was to serve as a bait, came back to Skuta and told him the whole. You have done your work well, said he, and you had better stay with me. Time passed on until the day came when Glum had promised the meeting, and then Skuta gets ready to start from home with thirty men. He rides southward, and then west, over the heath of Vadla, and so on to the bank which is called Red-bank, and there they dismount. Then Skuta says to his men, You will have to stay here a little while, and I will ride further into the valley, along the side of the hill, to see if there is anything to be got. When he looks along the valley he sees a tall man, in a green cloak, riding up from Thverŕ, whom he knows to be Glum, and gets off his horse. He has a cape on him of two colours, one side black and the other white, and he leaves his horse in the clearing and goes up to the pasture-hut into which Glum has entered. Skuta holds in his hand the sword named Fluga, with a helmet on his head; he goes up to the door, knocks upon the wall, and then steps on one side close to the hut. Glum comes out, without any weapon in his hand, and sees no one by the hut, but Skuta rushes forward between Glum and the doorway. Then Glum knows his man, and starts away from him. The gorge in which the river runs is near the hut. Skuta calls to him to wait, but he says it would be all right if they were armed in the same way, and makes for the gorge with Skuta after him. Glum jumps right into the gorge, but Skuta looks about to see where he can get down. Then he sees in the gorge a cloak driven along in the water, and runs towards it, thrusting at it with his sword; but he hears a voice calling out above him, There is little honour to be won by spoiling peoples clothes. He looks up and recognizes Glum; who in fact knew that there was a grassy bank on the edge of the stream where he jumped down. Well, says Skuta, remember one thing, Glum, you have run for it, and would not wait for Skuta. Glums answer is, That is true enough, and I only wish that, before sunset this day, you may have to run for it as far as I have done. Glum sung a verse--
South of the river here, I trow,
Each bush is worth a crown;
Elsewhere the forest often saves
The outlaw hunted down.
So they parted at that time; but Glum went home, got his people together, told them what a trap had been set for him, and expressed his desire to take vengeance for it at once. In a short time he collected sixty men and rode up into the valley. Skuta, after parting with Glum, got back to his horse, and riding along the hill-side he saw the men on their way. He thought it would not be good for him to meet them, so he made his plan, broke his spear-head off its shaft, handled this as if it were a pole, unsaddled his horse and rode bareback, with his cape turnd inside out, shouting as if he were looking for sheep. Glums men overtook him and inquired if he had seen any man fully armed riding over the hill? He replied that he had seen one. What is your name? they asked. I am called, he says, Plenty in the Myvatn country, but at Fiskelćk people call me Scarce. They answered, You are making sport of us; but he said he could not tell them anything truer than what he had told them, and so he parted from them. As soon as this was done he took up his daddle again and rode sharply off to his own men. Glums people came up to him and told him they had met a man who had answered them with a jest, and they said what his name was. You have made a blunder, said Glum; it was Skuta himself that you fell in with. What could he say that was more true? In the Myvatn country caves (Skuta) are plenty, and in Fiskelćk they are scarce. He has come pretty close to us, and we must ride after him. So they came up to the bank where Skuta and his men were, but there was only one path up to it, and the position was easier to defend with thirty men that it was to attack with sixty. Skuta then called out, You have taken a good deal of trouble to follow me up, and I suppose you think you haves something to pay me for on account of your escape. No doubt you showed great presence of mind in jumping into the gorge, and you were pretty quick of foot about it. Yes, said Glum, and you had some reason to be afraid when you pretended to be a sheperd belonging to the Eyjafirth people, and hid your arms or broke some of them. I fancy you had to run quite as far as I did. Skuta replied, However things may have gone up this time, try now to attack us with double our number. Glums answer was, I think we will part this time, whatever people may say of either of us. So Skuta rode away north, and Glum went home to Thverŕ.
When Thorir died his son Thorarin set up his household to the north of Espihole and lived there. Glum had two children by his wife, of whom one was Márr, as has been said above, and the other was Vigfuss; both promising, but utterly unlike each other. Márr was quiet and silent, but Vigfuss was a dashing fellow, ready to do an unfair thing, strong and full of courage. There was a man living with Glum, who was called Hallvard, and was a freedman of his; he had brought Vigfuss up, and having got a good deal of property together by cheating in money matters , he had made over the reversion if it to his foster-child. Hallvard had a bad name, and went to live at a place called The Tarns, in the valley of the Eyjafirth: nor did his reputation impove on account of the spot where he dwelt, for he was sharp in dealing with the cattle in the common pastures up there. Vigfuss was a great traveller
A man hight Halli lived at Jorunnarstad, who was called Halli the white, and he was the son of Thorbiörn, whilst his mother was Vigdis, the daughter of Andun the bald. Now Halli had fostered Einar, the son of Eyiolf, who then lived at Saurbć. Halli was blind, and was mixed up in all the lawsuits in the country because he was both a wise man and sound in his judgment. His sons were Orm and Brusi the Skald, who lived at Törfufell, and Bárd, who lived at Skállstad. Bárd was a noisy, quarrelsome fellow, better able to fight than anybody, and reckless and abusive in his language; he had for a wife Una, the daughter of Oddkell, in Thiorsádal.
One autumn Halli missed some ten or twelve wethers out of the hill pastures, and they could not be found, so when Bárd and his father met, Halli asked his son what he thought had become of the wethers. Bárd replied, I dont wonder if sheep disappear, when a thief lives next door to you, ever since Hallvard came into the district. Yes, says Halli, I should like you to set on foot a suit against him, and summon him for theft. I dont think, if I make this charge against him, Glum will go the lengths of clearing him by the oath of twelve men. No, answered Bárd, it will be a difficult matter for him to get the oath of twelve men out of Glum and Vigfuss and their people.
Then Bárd set his suit on foot, and when Vigfuss knew it, he told his father that he should not like proceedings for a theft to be commenced against his foster-father. Glums answer was, You know he is not to be trusted, and it will not be a popular thing to swear him guiltless. Vigfuss said, Then I would rather that we had to deal with a matter of greater consequence. Glum replied, It seems to me better to pay something on his account and let him change his residence and come hither, than to risk my credit for a man of his character.
When men came up to the Thing, the case was brought on in court, and Glum had to swear one way or the other with his twelve men. Vigfuss became aware of the fact that his father intended to find Hallvard guilty, so he went to the court and said that he would take care Glum should pay dearly for it, if his foster-father was declared guilty. It ended in Glum quashing the suit by swearing that Hallvard was innocent, and he got discredit by doing so. In the course of a winter or two it happened that Halli lost a pig of his, which was so fat that it could hardly get on its legs. Bárd came in one day and asked if he pig had been killed, and Halli said it had disappeared. Bárd replied, he is gone, no doubt, to look for the sheep which were stolen last autumn. I suppose, said Halli, they are both gone the same way. Will you summon Hallvard? Well, replied Bárd, so it shall be, for I do not think Glum will this time swear Hallvard free; Vigfuss was the cause of he previous acquittal, and he is not now in the country. Bárd took up the case and proceeded to serve the summons; but when he met Hallvard he made a short matter of the suit by cutting of his head, and went and told his father. Halli did not like it; he straightway found Glum, told him what had happened, and offered to leave the matter in his hands. Glum accepted the offer, assessed the damage at a small sum, and caused the pig and the sheep to be paid for, by doing which he was well spoken of. When Vigfuss returned he was displeased at Hallvards death; but his father said, I shall not allow this settlement to be disturbed now it is made; and when Vigfuss and Bárd met nothing passed between them.
The next summer there was a meeting appointed for a horse-fight, in which all the horses in that district were to be fought; those from the upper against those from the lower rape, and either party were to select their man as umpire to decide which had the best of it. The judgment of the men thus chosen was to be abided by. From the upper rape Bárd was taken, and from the lower Vigfuss, the son of Glum. There were many horses, and the sport was good, but the fight was pretty equal, and many matches came off, with the result however that the number of those which fought well, and those which bolted was the same. so they agreed that it was an equal match; but Vigfuss said he had a horse which had not fought, which was the best on the ground that day. Come, said he, do you match some one with him. Bárd answered, He looks a poor beast to us, we will not match any horse with him; let us say it is a tie. Oh, replied Vigfuss, the fact is you have none to meet him, but you do not choose to own that you have got the worst of it. Up to this time, said Bárd, You have acted impartially, but now the sky is clouding over. Now we see the truth, that you have stood by your mother at the dresser in the pantry, and talked about cooking oftener than you have been at horse-fights, and that is the reason why your beard has never got any colour in it. Vigfuss and other people laughed at this joke.
Hallis servant came home, and his mater asked him about the horse-fights. He said the match was held to be a tie. Then Halli asked, Did Bárd and Vigfuss agree? Yes, pretty well, but Bárd said one thing to Vigfuss. What was that? he inquired; then the servant repeated it, and Halli said, That will lead to mischief. The servant said, Vigfuss laughed at it. Yes, but it is the way of Glum and his son to laugh when the fit for killing somebody comes upon them.
When Halli and Bárd met, the former asked his son, How came you to talk in that reckless way? I fear it will lead to great evil. You have but one thing to do, and that is to go abroad and get house timber; you must stay away three winters or your death is certain. Bárd answered, There is nothing in it if you were not a coward, but old age causes you to be afraid on account of your sons. You are no doubt a very brave fellow, said Halli, but you will find it difficult to stay in the district. So Bárd took his fathers advice and went abroad, and Halli bribed a vagrant fellow to go into Skagafirth, or to the westward of it, and tell the story how Bárd was gone away; and how for the sake of one word, on account of Glum and his son, the only safe course for him had been to become an exile; and ho no one in the district dared to do anything which they disliked. This fellow did what Halli wished, and they had recourse to this plan in order that Bárds kinsmen might not be molested for his sake. Bárd stopped out one winter, and then returned to his home.
Whilst Bárd was away Halli took care of his property, and got some timber cut in a wood in Midárdal which belonged to him, and Bárd brought out a good deal of timber with him. Sometimes he stayed at his own home, and sometimes with his father. Bárd said he would go and fetch his timber home, when Halli remarked, I would not have you go yourself, for it is not good to trust that father and son. Oh, said Bárd, nobody will know that I am going. So he went, and a servant with him, to fetch the timber, and they took a good many horses with them, but his wife Una had gone to Vidines to see her sister Oddkatla, and Bárd went thither on his way. Hlenni begged him to send some one else into the wood, and to stay where he was himself; it seemed more prudent to do so, but Bárd answered there was no need of it.
The two sisters went with him out of the homestead, but when they were returning Una looked back at him over her shoulder, and fell down in a swoon. Her sister asked her what she had seen? I saw dead men coming to meet Bárd, said she; he must be fey. We shall never see one another again. Bárd and his men made their way into the wood, and when they were there, they got their loads of timber together, and tied up their horses, but a great mist had come on. Very early that morning the shepherd from Thverŕ had been a-foot, and Vigfuss met him and asked him for tidings, as he often did. It is wonderful to me, he said, that you never fail to find your sheep in such a fog as there is now. The shepherd answered, It is a small matter for me to find my flock, but those men whom I saw in the wood in the morning had more trouble to find their horses, which were really standing close to them. They were fine looking fellows; one was in a green kirtle, and they had shields by their sides. Vigfuss asked him if he knew the man? He said he thought it was Bárd, for he was the owner of the wood where they were. Get my three horses, said Vigfuss. There were two Easterlings staying there whom Vigfuss asked to ride with him, saying that he was going to the warm spring; but when he got out of the homestead he made as if he would ride southward over Laugardal. The Easterlings asked him, Whither are you riding now? On some business of my own first, said he, so he rode a good way in front of them, and they went southward above the enclosures, until they saw Bárd coming out of the wood with his loaded horses. Bárds servant saw some one riding after them, and remarked, These men are riding sharp after us. Who is that? said Bárd. It is Vigfuss, he replied, and I think we had better get away from him. There is no disgrace in doing so, whilst we know nothing of their intentions. Bárd said, He will not set on me with three men, if you are not with me. I would sooner go with the horses, answered the man, and do you ride to Vidines. You cannot be blamed for going where you have business, and you do not know for a certainty what they who are riding after us want, thought Hlenni told you not to trust them. Bárd told him then, You shall ride on forward and, if I am delayed, tell our men what is going on, for it is likely that I and Vigfuss shall be some time about it, if we look one another fairly in the face; and he is too good a man to set on me with three against one. If, on the other hand, we are two and they are three, they will take the benefit of the difference in strength.
The servant did what Bárd told him, and Bárd himself unstrapped his shield, and got ready in the best way he could. When they came up he asked what they wanted? Vigfuss said that both of them would not quit the meeting-place alive. Bárd replied that he was ready, if they two only were to play the game out; but there is no manhood in it if three are to set on one. The Easterlings then said they would have staid at home if they had known their errand, but that they could not take part unless, in consequence of Bárds companion having ridden off, men should come to his assistance. Vigfuss told them to see first how matters went. So he and Bárd fought for some time without either being wounded, but it looked worse for Vigfuss, inasmuch as he had to give ground every time without being able to make a single blow tell. Bárd had his sword, and defended himself admirable without being touched. In the mean time the Easterlings thought it would be a bad business if Vigfuss should be slain, while they stood by doing nothing, and if men should come up to help Bárd. They they rushed at him, so that he was dying when Hlenni and his men got there. Vigfuss and his friends rode home, but Glum was ill pleased with what they had done, and said that the difficulties in the district would be greatly increased. Halli went to his foster-son Einar, at Saurbć, and asked him to take the case in hand, and he admitted that he was bound to avenge his kinsman and foster-brother.
Then they rode to Thorarin, and asked for his support; he replied that he knew no man he would rather have to deal with than Vigfuss, and they confirmed with oaths their alliance with reference to that and all other matters. The cause went to the Thing, and attempts were made to compound it, but there was so much in the way that it was difficult to effect a compromise, as both the men of Mödrufell and those of Espihole, who resisted it, were bold in spirit, and well versed in the law. The case was closed by a verdict against the Easterlings, and by money being given to allow Vigfuss a safe conduct. He was to have three summers to get a passage out, and to have three places of refuge in each year, but he was an outlaw on peril of his life elsewhere, and not allowed to be at home on account of the sacredness of the place. However, he stayed long at Upsal, though people thought he was in other quarters of the island, and he would not go abroad within the period fixed. Then he became completely outlawed, and Glum kept him concealed, but outlawed men were not allowed to live there because Frey, who owned the temple, did not permit it. So matters went on for six winters.
We must now go back to the point where the foster-brothers Arngrim and Steinolf were growing up together. When Thorgrim of Mödrufell died, Arngrim went to his own house, and Steinolf remained with him, and there was as much affection between them as there had ever been. Arngrim took a wife, Thordis, the daughter of Biörn, and the sister of Arnor Kerlingarnef. Steinolf was at that time abroad, engaged in trading voyages, but when he was in Iceland he was at Arngrims house. It happened one summer, on his arrival in the Eyjafirth, that Arngrim did not invite him to his house, and though they met he did not speak to him, imputing to him that he had talked with his wife, Thordis, more than was proper; but the report of most men was that there was little or nothing in the matter. Then Glum asked Steinolf to visit him, and he was there for a year or two when he was in Iceland, and they regarded one another with much affection as kinsmen. Steinolf was an active merry fellow. One summer Glum did not ask him to his house, and said that he preferred that he should be with his father at Upsal, and my reason is, I do not approve of men living in other peoples house, but if you are with your father then you can come over hither to Thverŕ, and I shall be glad to see you. Vigfuss, for some winters, whilst he was an outlaw, was at Upsal with Arnor Red-cheek, and Steinolf was there also. One autumn a yeoman at Öxnafell married his daughter, and invited all those land-owners in Eyjafirth, who were of most consequence; Steinolf too was invited. He came over to Thverŕ, and wanted to go with Glum, bout Glum said he should not be at the wedding. Then Steinolf observed, What I do not like is that you do not abide by what you say. Well, said Glum, my want of consistency will not do so much harm as your want of prudence, and I will not go. It is a piece of presumption at any rate, if there is no deeper design in it, for a yeoman to ask so many men of consequence to his house. But I suspect that something more is meant that appears, and that the yeoman did not get up this scheme himself, so I think it better that I and my friends should stay away. Steinolf, however, and those who were asked, with the exception of Glum, went to the wedding. Einar, the son of Eyiolf, Thorvald, and Steingrim had a good deal of talk together. When people were going away, Einar made a long speech about the management of affairs in the district, and said it was fitting that when they met in any number they should talk over the matters of most urgency; that in this way things would get into a better state. For instance, he said, there has long been a bad feeling among men of the highest spirit, and I allude particularly to the fact that there is a quarrel between the two kinsmen Arngrim and Steinolf, whilst we think that some lie or calumny is at the bottom of it all. Now Arngrim wishes to invite Steinolf to his house, and will receive him honourably if he choose to accept the invitation. So get rid of all unfriendly feeling between you. Steinolf professed his readiness to accept the offer, and his unconsciousness of any cause of offence, and he added that he loved Arngrim above all men. The each man returned to his home, and Steinolf went back with Arngrim, and remained with him, for several nights with all honour.
One day Arngrim asked Steinolf if he would go down with him to Grund to a club-feast, and stay two or three nights. He replied, I will stay at home now and go some other time when you are here. Arngrim expressed a hope that he would wait for his return, if he would not accompany him, and he went on to Grund, but Steinolf stayed over the night. In the morning Steinolf was sitting by the fire, with some work in hand; it was a certain casket which belonged to the lady of the house. At that moment Arngrim returned home with Thorvald the crooked, and as they came into the sitting-room Steinolf was bending down over his work. Then Arngrim struck him on the head in such a way as to cause his death; but the mistress of the house came up to him and exclaimed, Wretch that thou are to strike this blow! This is the work of wiser men than thou art; but from this day I will never be they wife. She went to the house of Arnor Kerlingarnef and never came together with Arngrim again; but before she rode off she said, It will be some consolation, Arngrim, that your days are to be few, for those which are to come will be worse for you. Afterwards she became the wife of Asgrim, Ellidagrims son.
Arngrim and Thorvald rode to Espihole and told Thorarin what had happened, asking for his protection, and adding that whilst they had neither the wisdom nor the popularity to hold their own against Glum, he (Thorarin) had abundance of both. He replied to them and said that the deed seemed to be bad, and one from which apprehended evil consequences. Thorvald thought it was no use to find fault with what had been done, and that if he did not support them, he would soon have greater difficulties on his hands. They hoped to get other people to help them, if he would speak on their behalf. My counsel, says Thorarin, is that you should both remove from Grund and Mödrufell, and that we should collect men as soon as we may, and join our households together, before Glum is informed of it. They did this before Glum heard what had occurred; but when he learnt it he assembled his people, who proceeded to attack them. However, there was no opportunity for doing so with effect, as the men of Espihole had the larger force, and so they remained quiet for the winter. Glum, on the other hand, was never to be got at; he was so cautious about himself that he never slept in the bed which had been prepared for him. Very often he rested little at night, but he and Márr walked up and down and talked about lawsuits. One night Márr asked him how he had slept, and Glum answered by a stanza--
Mid all this strife and tumult now
Sleep doth mine eyelids flee.
These men will find it hard, I trow,
To make their peace with me,
Before upon their crests shall ring
My sword in battle-fray.
Ive slain men for a small thing,
And why not these, I pray?
Now I will tell you of my dream. Methought I went out of the homestead here by myself and without arms, and Thorarin seemed to come at me with a large whetstone in his hand, and I felt ill prepared for our meeting; but whilst I was thinking about it I saw another whetstone lying close by me, so I cuaght it up and attacked him, and when we met either tried to strike the other, but the two stones came against one another and there was a tremendous crash. Was it such, asked Márr, as might be considered a conflict between the two houses? More than that, replied Glum. Did it seem that it might represent a conflict between the two districts? Yes, said Glum, the omen may well be reckoned such, for I thought the crash could be heard all over the district, and when I woke I sung as follows
I thought this night to see in sleep
that chief, who o'er the sea
guides the fierce raven of the deep,
Smite with a stone at me.
The lord of Limafirths broad strand
Came on in all his pride,
I met him fearless hand to hand
And dashd the blow aside.
Márr observed it was very likely the old saying would come true, Each of you will smite the other with and evil stone before it is over. Yes, said Glum, it is not improbable; there are many bodings tending that way. There is another dream to tell you. Methought I was standing out of doors, and that I saw two women who had a trough between them, and they took their stations at Hrisateig and sprinkled the whole district with blood. I woke up, and I think this portends something which is to happen. Then I sung these verses--
The gods--methought, they swept along
Across the path of men.
the clash of swords and the javelins song
We shall hear full soon again.
I saw the maids of carnage stand,
In grim and vengeful mood,
As the battle ragd, and they drenchd the land
In slaughterd warriors blood.
That morning Márr rode to Mödrufell, with seventeen other men, to summon Arngrim for the death of Steinolf; but Glum remained at home with five men besides himself, and told them to be quick in getting back again. In the house with Glum were Jöd, and Eyiolf, the son of Thorleif the tall, Thorvald Tafalld, Glums nephew, and two thralls.
Helga, Glum's sister, who had been married to Steingrim of Sigluvik, had at that time come to Laugaland; she was the mother of Thorvald Tafalld, who was then eighteen years of age. There was a man named Thorvard, the son of Ornolf and of Yngvillda, who went by the name of Everybodys sister. He lived at Krisnes, and had a son named Gudbrand, who was then twelve years old. Thorvard was a prudent man, and tolerably well inclined to help any one, but he was then old. That morning he was early a-foot, and told his man to get his horses. Then they rode to Thverŕ, and when they got there Márr had just started. Glum welcomed Thorvard well, and the latter inquired if any attempt had been made to procure a settlement between the parties. Glum told him None. Thorvard asked, Is the suit set on foot? Glum said it was not. Then said the other, A day like this would be a good one for this business: there is much mist, and no one would know what was going on, if one went quietly about it. Glum went on to say how matters stood, and how six men only remained at home. Thorvard answered, You have rather a small number with you, but the steps you have taken will no doubt be sufficient. Then Thorvard rode to Espihole, and when he came thither the men were not up; but he found Thorarin, and inquired, What do you intend to do? Do you intend to offer Glum any composition for the death? Thorarin answered, We do not think it an easy matter to offer to compound with Glum. Is the suit set on foot? asked Thorvard. I have not heard, said Thorarin; but what do you know about the matter? Oh, replied he, Márr rode off this morning with seventeen others to proceed with the suit, and Glum remained at home with five men; no doubt it would now be a famous chance for setting matters straight, but you fellows here never get the best of it, because you are not so sharp in your movements as Glum is. Well, said Thorarin, the fact is I do not like to set up mere gossip and nonsense on our side to meet this charge. Thorvard answered, Whether there was any sufficient cause or not is a point which ought to have been considered before Steinolf was killed. Did he not try to seduce Arngrims wife? Of a surety I think such a matter as that is not to be reckoned as nothing. Thorarin persisted, I do not like having to do with such a business. What do you mean, said Thorvard, by talking thus? Glum got something by that outlawry of your relative, Sigmund, and your clear course is not to let yourself be thus insulted by him. I am not sure, said Thorarin, whether that is or is not a wise course.
After this conversation the people of the house got up, and Thorvald the crooked pressed that they should ride to Upsal and give notice of outlawry as against Steinolf for his conduct to Arngrims wife, so that he might be taken to have been rightly killed. Thorarin said, That does not seem very advisable, but we will do it. There were fifteen of them in all, of whom seven are named, that is to say, Thorarin, Thorvald the crooked, his son Ketill, Arngrim, Eystein the Berserker, Thord the son of Rafn, who lived as Stockahlad, and had married Vigdis, the daughter of Thorir and widow of Sigmund, and Eyvind, the Norwegian who was staying with Thord. They went to Upsal, but Thorvard rode to Öngulstad (where there lived a good yeoman, Halli the fat), and sent his son to Thverŕ, desiring him to tell Glum the purpose of the men of Espihole, and afterwards, he added, you will ride back quickly to meet me.
When Thorvard came to Öngulstad, Halli asked what news he had to tell. Nothing as yet, he replied; but then he told him what was the position of things, and Halli thought he saw pretty clearly that Thorvard had brought all this trouble on, and he told him that such men as he were born for mischief, inasmuch as he desired that every man should be at variance with his neighbour; and he added, It would serve you right if you were killed. Then Halli went in a great hurry with all the people, men and women, whom he had got, with the intention of interfering between the two parties, if it were necessary. Gudbrand, Thorvards son, got to Thverŕ, and said that his father had sent him thither; he told Glum what had occurred, and how my father thought himself bound to tell you this which concerns you nearly, that the men of Espihole intend to give notice of outlawry as attaching to Steinolf. Glums answer was, Why did not your father come himself? The lad said, I consider it all the same which of us two came. Glum replied, Your father has done well in sending you hither, if we are in want of men: so he made him dismount, and fastened up his horse. Gudbrand exclaimed, My father told me I must get back quickly. Oh, rejoined Glum, it cannot be so; he was desirous, no doubt, that you should show your manhood to-day.
In the meantime Thorvard began to say, My son Gudbrand is late. Halli inquired whither he had sent him. I sent him to Thverŕ, answered Thorvard. It is well, said Halli, that you should meet with some cunning people, and it serves you right.
The men of Espihole rode across the river with the intention of passing at the Ship-ford. Glum saw them riding, and remarked that Márr was somewhat too late. Then he ran out of the homestead with six men, of whom Gudbrand was one, and followed the other party. He had his shield and a halberd, with his sword by his side, and hastened on the road, with his men after him, to come up with them. When Thorarin saw them coming he had his people ride their own way, no faster and no slower on that account, and no one can blame us for that. Thord, the son of Rafn, asked Thorarin whether they with twenty men were to let themselves be chased by Glum with his six? Thorarins answer was, Let us ride on, for Glums object is to delay us and to wait for his own people. Thord said, It is no wonder that when he stands on equal vantage-ground with us we often get the worst of it with Glum; seeing that now, when he has only a few men with him, you do not dare to wait for him; but he shall not make me run, and so he dismounted. Eystein the Berserker said too that he would not ride away from Glum, so that they should profess to have driven us off. Thorarin observed that this course seemed to him inexpedient; but when Glum saw that they did not go on, he slackened his pace, and addressed Thorarin, asking what their errand was at Upsal. Thorarin replied that they had determined to proclaim Steinolf as liable to outlawry. Then Glum said, Is not this rather too strong a measure? Should not some offer of satisfaction be tried first, and we might possibly hit upon some method for bringing this suit to a close. Thorarin said that he wanted to delay them and had them ride on, and so they did. Glum asked them, Will you stay a little bit longer? but they rode away from him, and as they rode slower, so Glum slackened his pace and waited for his men, and said, Your cause will not find much favour, if you rake up a parcel of lies, and it will end only in disgrace. We shall not look to that now, replied Thorarin; it is a hard matter to come to terms with you. Whilst they rode on, Glum kept going forward alongside of them, talking with them, and thus delayed them. But when he saw he could not keep them back any longer, and felt sure of his own men coming up, then he threw his spear at Arngrim so that it went through the mans thigh and the saddle-bow also, and Arngrim was disabled for the day. Eystein was the first who then rushed at Glum, but Thorvald Tafalld stood out to meet him, and they two fought with each other. Every other man thought he was well off in proportion as he kept away from them; for they were both full of courage and strength, and each of them dealt the other many and sore strokes. Thorvald the crooked attacked Glum sharply and many more with him, but Glum and his men got out of their way and protected themselves as well as they could. Thorarin did not get off his horse, for he thought that they were quite enough to set on one man.
Whilst they were fighting a man came up at full speed, wearing a hood of skins, with a sword in his hand. He came where Thorvald Tafalld had fallen before Eystein, and rushing at the latter, gave him a death-blow. Then he joined himself to Glums side, and Glum called out to him, Good luck to you Thundarbenda! I made a good bargain when I bought you. You will pay me well to-day for the outlay. Now Glum had a thrall who was called by that name, and that is why he spoke thus; but in reality it was Vigfuss, Glums son, though few or none except Glum himself knew him, for he had been three winters outlawed and living in concealment, so that most people thought he had gone abroad. It happened that whilst Glum was getting away he fell, and lay on the ground, and his two thralls lay over him, and were killed with spear-thrusts; but at that moment Márr with his men came up. Then Thorarin got off his horse, and he and Márr fought, without any other men meddling with them. Glum sprung up, and joined heartily in the fight, and there was then no advantage of number on either side. A servant of Thorarins, named Eirik, who had been about his work in the morning, came too his maters aid with a club in his hand, but without other arms of offence of defence; and Glum suffered much by him because his men were injured both in person and in their arms by that club which he bore. It is told too that Halldor, Glums wife, called on the women to go with her, saying, We will bind up the wounds of those men who have any hope of life, whichever party they belong to. When she came up Thorarin was just struck down by Márr, his shoulder was cut away in such fashion that the lungs were exposed. But Halldor bound up his wound, and kept watch over him till the fight was over.
Halli the fat was the first who came up to interfere, and may men were with him. The end of the combat was that five men of those from Espihole were killed, that is to say, Thorvald the crooked, Arngrim, Eysein, Eirik, and Eyvind the Norwegian. On Glums side there fell Thorvald Tafalld, Eyiolf son of Thorleif, Jöd, and the two thralls. Thorarin got home with his people; Glum also returned with his men, and had the dead carried into an outbuilding, where the utmost honour was done to the body of Thorvald, for garments were placed under it, and it was sewn up in a skin. When the men had returned, Glum said to Halldora, Our expedition to-day would have been successful, if you had staid at home, and if Thorarin had not escaped with his life. She replied, There is little of life in Thorarin, and if he lives you will not be able to remain in the district long; but if he dies you will not be able to remain in the country at all. After this Glum said to Gudbrand, You got much honour by your prowess to-day in killing Thorvald the crooked, and you did us good service. Gudbrand replied that nothing of the sort had happened; he had only defended himself as well as he could. Oh, said Glum, that is all very well. I saw clearly what took place; a mere child in age to kill such a champion as Thorvald! You will always be talked of for this deed. I got credit abroad in the same way for killing the Berserker. I never slew Thorvald, answered Gudbrand. It is no use trying to conceal it, my good friend, you gave him the wound which killed him. Do not shirk the good luck which has fallen to you. Glum maintained his point with Gudbrand till the latter believed what he said, admitted that he had done it, and thought it an honour to himself, so that it could no longer be concealed, and the death was formally laid to his charge. This seemed to those who took up the suit for Thorvalds slaughter to be less promising than had been expected: Thorvald was chosen as the man whose death was to be avenged.
People report a speech of Glums--One thing I do not like, and that is that Márr should have his head tied up, though he has gat a bump on it. What he called a bump was in fact a cut crosswise over his head. Márrs answer was, I should not need this so much if I had lain down and use a couple of thralls as a shield. Well, my lad, said Glum, our field Hrisateig (Bush acre) was hard to mow to-day. Márr replied, It will turn out a bad mowing for you in one way, for you have mowed the land at Thverŕ out of your own hands. I do not think you know that for a certainty, rejoined Glum. I may not know it, but it will turn out for you as if I did now it, was Márrs answer. Now, when Helga, Glums sister, heard the tidings, she came over to Thverŕ and asked how her son had borne himself. There was no better man, said Glum. I should like to see him dead, said she, if that is all that is left for me. they allowed her to do so, and she caused him to be lifted into the waggon, and tenderly handled, and when she got home she cleansed his wounds and bound them up, and dealt with him in such a way that he recovered his speech.
The law was then that if an equal number of men were killed on either side they were set off against each other, though there might be a difference in the men themselves; but if one party had the worst of it they had to select the man for whom atonement was to be demanded. If anything however, happened to turn up afterwards, by which it would have seemed better to have made a different choice, they could not change their selection. When Thorarin heard that Thorvald Tafalld was alive, he chose his own brother Thorvald the crooked, as the man to be atoned for. When, however, he found a little afterwards that the latters death was laid to the charge of Gudbrand, he would gladly have selected another man, but he had to abide by his first choice. Then they found Einar the son of Eyiolf, and Thorarin told him he should now take advantage of that agreement which they had formerly made with each other. Einar replied, My mind is the same now that it was formerly when Bárd was killed. he then took up the suit to carry it on at the Thing, in the summer, and he made the charge against Glum. Thorarin was laid up with his wounds the whole summer, and so was Thorvald Tafalld, but they both recovered. Glum had a great number of men with him at the Thing, and so in fact had both parties. An attempt was now made by persons of consideration connected with both sides to bring about a settlement of the case. The suit was compounded on these conditions, that is to say, that the death of Steinolf was to be considered as atoned for, if Vigfuss, Glums son, were proclaimed free from his penalty. Gudbrand, however, was convicted of the death of Thorvald, and Glum got him taken abroad. They returned home with affairs in this condition; but Thorvard and Thorarin were very much dissatisfied, and the latter thought he had obtained no honourable satisfaction for the death of his brother Thorvald. Glum remained at home much looked up to, and in the course of the winter there got abroad a stanza which he had lately composed:
She asks--he nymph that pours the wine--
the deeds of death that I have done.
Theyre past and gone, those deeds of mine;
But no man yet has talked of one.
One day, when men had got together at the warm bath of Hrafnagil, Thorvard came thither. He was a merry fellow, and amused himself in many ways. What men, he asked, have you got here who can entertain us with some fresh stories? There is plenty of amusement and fun where you are, they said. Well, he replied, nothing amuses me more than reciting Glums verses; but I keep thinking over what can be the faulty reckoning he speaks of in one of his stanzas, when he says he did not get credit for all the people he had killed. What are we to suppose to be the real state of the case? Which is more likely, that Gudbrand killed Thorvald, or that Glum did it? This view seemed to many men worth consideration, and Thorvard rode to meet Thorarin, and said to him, I have been thinking the matter out, and I am convinced that the truth has not been known about the death of Thorvald the crooked. You will find in Glums verses, that he says he has not got credit for all the men he has killed. Thorarin answered, I can hardly take the case up again, though you should be right, and so things shall remain as they are. Thorvard rejoined, That is not a proper course, although if the matter had not been revived, all might have gone on quietly; no I shall talk of it publicly, and there will fall on you disgrace greater than any which has yet ensued in this affair. Well, said Thorarin, it seems to me an awkward matter to carry this cause to the Althing, in the face of the power of Glum and his kinsmen. Thorvard replied, I can give you a piece of advice on that point. Summon him to the Hegranes Thing: you have plenty of kinsmen there, and he will find it hard to defend the case. That we will do, said Thorarin, an so they parted.
The spring was a bad one, and everything became difficult to procure. At that time Thorarin set on foot the suit as against Glum at Hegranes Thing, inasmuch as all the priests of the different division in the district who belonged to that Thing, were bound to Thorarin by the ties of kindred. It was scarcely possible to get across the moors with horses, on account of the snow. So Glum adopted the plan of putting a large vessel into the charge of his brother, Thorstein, who was to sail in her to the westward, and convey arms and provisions to the Thing. When, however, they came off Ulfsdal, the ship went to pieces, and all the men and property on board her were lost. Glum got to the Thing with a hundred and twenty men, but he could not encamp nearer to the place itself than in the outer circle, or verge of the court. Einar, the son of Eyiolf, with the men of Espihole, was already there. Word was sent to Glum that he was to present himself to the court, and produce his plea in answer to the indictment. Glum went accordingly, but the men were drawn up on both sides in such a way that there was not more space than would allow of one man passing, and Glum was desired to go into the enclosure if he wanted to get to the court. He did not think this an advisable course, so he said to his men, It is easy to see that they think they have got our affair in their own hands now. Well, it may be so, but I should like you to fall back and change your order. I will march first, then two men following me in a line, and then four in a line after them, and so on; and we will march right at them, keeping our spears before us, and this sort of wedge must make its way in if you follow close up. They did this, and pushed without interruption right into the ring which was cleared for the court, but it was night long before they could be got of the ground again, so as to allow the court to sit; so great was the crush and press. At last it was brought about that the court was reconstituted, and they were proceeding to sum up the case when Glum came forward on the bank were the court was held, and called his witnesses to the fact that the sun had risen again on the field of the Thing; then he protested solemnly against any judgment being given in the case before them. It followed from this protest that every suit before the court at once discontinued and fell to the ground. Men rode away, and the people of Espihole were very ill pleased with what had happened.
Thorarin declared that Glum had dealt vexatiously with them, but Einar replied, The matter does not appear to me to be so very ugly, for the suit may be taken up again at the point where it left off. Afterwards the men of Espihole rode to the Althing with Einar, and with many of their friends who had promised them their support against glum. Glums kinsmen gave him their help also in securing the benefit of the point of law, and the matter was settled by the advice of skilled men, on condition that Glum would take an oath in the case to the effect that he did not kill Thorvald the crooked. So when many men interceded, they compounded the matter on these terms--that Glum should swear he had not slain him; and the time was appointed when the oath should be taken, that is to say, in the autumn, five weeks before winter. They followed up the suit with such vigour that they were determined to bring it on again, if he did not take the necessary oath in three temples on the Eyjafirth, and if it were not done at the prescribed time the right to clear himself by the oath was to be forfeited. There was much talk about this business, and what Gums oaths would be, and how he would get on with them.
Now men returned from the Thing, and Glum staid at home all the summer: everything was quiet in the district till it came to the time of the Leet, when they assembled at that court. Glum, however, was not there, and nothing was heard of him. Márr was at home in his dwelling; but in the autumn, five weeks before winter, he held a wedding-feast, and invited men to it, so that not less than a hundred and twenty people came together. This invitation appeared strange to everybody, for those who were concerned in the wedding were not persons of any consequence. That evening all the men of Eyjafirth were seen riding in from the dales two or five at a time, and the people who came down into the district were all collected in one body. Glum was there, and Asgrim, and Gizor, with three hundred and sixty men, and they came in the course of the night to the homestead, and sat at the wedding-feast.
The morning after Glum sent to find Thorarin, and told him to come to Diupadal, not later than six in the morning, to hear the oaths. Thorarin bestirred himself and got together a hundred and twenty men, and when they came to the temple, six people went into it, that is to say, Gizor and Asgrim with Glum, and Einar and Hlenni the old with Thorarin. Whoever had to take the temple oath laid hold with his hand of the silver ring, which was stained red with the blood of the cattle sacrificed, and which ought not to weigh less than three ounces. Then Glum said word for word thus: I name Asgrim to bear witness, and Gizor in the second place to bear witness, that I take the temple oath, on the ring, and I say it to the God. When Thorvald the crooked got his death-blow--
Vark at ţar--ok vák ek ţar--ok raudk at ţ odd ok egg.
Now let those men who are skilled in such matters, and who stand by, look to my oath.
Thorarin and his friends were not prepared to find any fault, but they said they had never heard the form of words used before. In the same manner the oaths were taken by Glum at Gnupafell and at Thverŕ. Gizor and Asgrim stayed some nights at Thverŕ, and when they went away Glum gave Gizor the blue cloak, and he gave Asgrim the gold-mounted spear (which Vigfuss had given him).
In the course of the winter Thorvard met Thorarin, and asked him, Did Glum take the oath properly? We found nothing to take hold of, said Thorarin. It is a wonderful thing, replied Thorvard, that wise people should make such mistakes. I have known men who have declared themselves to have slain others, but I have never known a case of a man swearing explicitly that he was guilty, as Glum did. How could he say more than he did when he declared that he was there at the doing of the deed, that he took part in the death, and that he reddened point and edge, when Thorvald the crooked fell at Hrisateig?--though I admit that he did not pronounce the words as they are commonly pronounced. That scandal will never be done away with. Thorarin replied, I did not observe this, but I am tired of having to do with Glum. Well, said Thorvard, if you are tired because your health is not equal to it, let Einar take the matter up. He is a prudent man, with a great kindred, and many will follow him. His brother Gudmund will not be neutral, and he himself is most anxious for one thing-to get to Thverŕ. Then they met Einar and consulted with him, and Thorarin said, If you will take the lead in the suit many men will back you in it, and we will bring it about that you shall have Glums land, at a price not exceeding that which he paid to Thorkel the tall. Einar observed, Glum has now parted with those two things, his cloak and his spear, which his mothers father, Vigfuss, gave him, and bad him keep, if he wished to hold his position, telling him that he would fall away in dignity from the time that he let them out of his hands. Now will I take up the suit and follow it out.
Einar now set the suit on foot afresh for the Althing, and both sides collected their people together, but before Glum left home he dreamt that many persons came to Thverŕ to visit the god Frey, and he thought he saw a great crowd on the sand-banks by the river, with Frey sitting on a chair. He dreamt that he asked who they were who had come thither, and they said, We are thy departed kindred, and we are now begging Frey that thou mayst not be driven out of Thverŕ, but it is no use, for he answers shortly and angrily, and calls to mind now the gift of the ox by Thorkel the tall. At that point Glum woke up, and ever afterwards he professed that he was on worse terms with Frey.
Men rode to the Thing, and the suit was brought to a close in such a way that Glum admitted the killing of Thorvald; but his kinsmen and friends exerted themselves to secure the acceptance of a settlement rather than the imposition of outlawry or banishment. So they compounded the matter at the Thing, on the condition that Glum was to forfeit the land at Thverŕ, half absolutely as an atonement to Ketell, the son of Thorvald the crooked, and to convey the other half at a valuation; but he was allowed to live there till the spring, and was then to be outlawed in the district, and not to live nearer than in Hörgardal. So they left the Thing. Einar afterwards bought the land, as had been promised to him. In the spring his men came thither to work on the farm, and Einar told them that they should give an account to him of every word which Glum spoke. One day he came and talked with them on this wise, It is easy to see that Einar has got good workmen about him; the work is well done on the land, and it is now of consequence that great and little matters should both be attended to. You would do well to put up posts here by the water side for drying clothes; it is convenient for the women washing the larger articles; the wells at home are indifferent.
When they got home Einar asked what Glum had said to them. They told him how careful he was with reference to all the work done. Did it appear to you, said he, that he was desirous of getting everything ready for my hands? Yes, they replied, so we think. Well, replied Einar, I think differently. I think he meant very likely to hang you on these posts, or stick on them some insult to me. You must not go there, however.
Einar transferred his household to Thverŕ in the spring, but Glum remained where he was till the last day for moving, and when people were all ready to start he sat down on the high seat and did not move, although he was summoned to do so. He had the hall decorated with hangings, and refused to turn out like mere cottage tenants. Hallbera, the daughter of Thorodd, the son of Hialm, was the mother of Gudmund and Einar, and lived at Hanakamb. She came to Thverŕ, and saluted Glum, saying, Good morning to you, Glum, but you cannot stay here any longer. I have marked out the land of Thverŕ with fire, and I eject you and all yours formally from it, as made over to my son Einar.
Then Glum rose up and told her she might chatter away like a miserable old woman as she was; but as he rode away he looked over his shoulder towards the homestead and sung a stanza--
With sword and spear, as fame hath told,
Like many a gallant earl of old,
I won these lands by might and main.
But now the wielder of the brand
Has dashd at last from out his hand,
Broad lands and lordships lost again.
Glum lived at Mödrufell, in Hörgardal, with Thorgrim Fiuk, but he was not content to remain there more than one winter. Then he dwelt two winters in Myrkárdal, but a landslip fell near the homestead and destroyed some of the buildings. After that he bought land at Thverbrek, in Öxnadal, and dwelt there as long as he lived, and became aged and blind.
There was a man named Narvi who dwelt at Hrisey. He had as his wife Ulfeida, the daughter of Ingiald, son of Helgi the thin. Their sons were Eyiolf, Klćngr, Thorbrand, and Thorvald, all distinguished men and kinsmen of Glums. Two of these, Klćengr and Eyiolf, lived at Hrisey, after their fathers death. A man named Thorvald, who had married Helga, the daughter of Thord, the son of Hraf, of Stöckahlad, and who was nicknamed Menni, dwelt at Hagi at that time. One spring Thorvald came from Hagi, and lay off Hrisey in his vessel, intending to fish, and when Klćngr was aware of this he stared with him. They got out into the firth, and fell in with a whale which was just dead, which they made fast and towed into the firth in the course of the day. Klćngr wanted to bring the carcass into Hrisey, because the distance was shorter, but Thorvald desired to tow it to Hagi, and said he had and equal right to do so. Klćngr maintained that it was not the law to take it anywhere except to the nearest point where any of the men engaged in the capture owned land. Thorvald asserted his rights, and said that Glums kinsmen had no business to interfere with the fair partition of the fish. Whatever the laws were, the strongest should now have their way. At that moment Thorvald had the largest number of men with him, and so they took the drift fish from Klćngr by force, though both of them were land-owners. Klćngr went home very much dissatisfied, and Thorvald and his people laughed at him and his party, telling them they did not dare to hold on to their booty.
One morning Klćngr got up early, and went with three other men in to Hagi, so as to be there in good time whilst people were still asleep. Then Klćngr said--Well try a scheme; here are cattle about in the homestead; we will drive them on to the buildings, under which Thorvald is asleep, and so we shall get him to come out. They did this, and Thorvald woke up and rushed out of doors. Klćngr made at him, and gave him a mortal wound; but went away again without daring to declare himself the slayer, because there were so many people about on the spot. So he went out to one of the islands, and there declared that he had killed Thorvald. The right of claiming atonement belonged to Thorarin and Thord, and they treated the case as one of murder. When the suit was being brought before the Thing, Glum was quiet at home, but whilst the Thing was going on he went about in the districts of Fliot and Svarvadardal, begging for help to meet the execution of the anticipated sentence of forfeiture; however, he asked men to say nothing of this intention of his. Klaufi, of Bárd, exclaimed, To be sure we will help Glum; he married Halldora, the daughter of Arnor Red-cheek; and many men besides promised to support him. Then Glum returned home, but the suit ran its course at the Thing, and when that was over they got ready to carry out the sentence of forfeiture with four ships, and thirty men in each ship. Einar, Thorarn, and Thord commanded the ships, and when they came in-shore at the island, in the twilight of morning, they saw a smoke rising over the buildings. Einar asked his people whether it appeared to them, as it did to him, that the smoke was not a clear blue. They answered that so it seemed to them. Then, said Einar, it appears likely to me from that smoke that there are a good many people in the house, and that steam hanging in the air must be the steam from men. If this be so we shall find out about it by rowing away from the island openly and then we shall be sure if there by any number of men there. They did this, and when the men who were in the island saw them they rushed out to their vessels, and put out after them, for Glum had come thither with two hundred and forty men, and they chased them right up to Oddaeyr, so that the sentence of forfeiture was not carried out, and the men of Eyjafirth got dishonour by the failure.
Glum remained in his own dwelling through the summer. He had to open an Autumn court; but the place of holding it is on the east of the firth, not far from Kaupáng, and the men of Eyjafirth got a large force together, whilst Glum had only thirty men. Many people spoke to Glum and told him that he ought not to go with a small number of followers. His answer was, The finest portion of my life is gone by, and I am pleased that they have not driven me so hard that I cannot ride the straight path. He went up the firth in a ship, and then disembarked and went to he booths. Now between the firth and the booths there are certain steep ascents covered with loose gravel, and when Glum came opposite to the booth which belonged to Einar, men rushed out upon him and his people and dashed their shields against them so as to push them down the slope. Glum fell and rolled shield and all down the bank on to the spit of sand below. He was not wounded, but three spears had stuck in his shield. Thorvald Tafalld had then come to shore and saw that Glum was in a strait: he jumped on land with his oar in his hand and, running up the slope, hurled it at Gudmund the powerful: it came against his shield, which broke, and the handle of the oar struck him on the breast so that he fell down senseless and was carried off by four men to his booth. Then they challenged one another to come on, and cast weapons and stones on both sides, and the contest was a hard one; many were wounded; but all said the same thing--that it was impossible for a small number to fight better than Glum and his men had done. Einar and his men made a vigorous onslaught; but people interfered, and it ended in Glum losing two men, Klćngr, the son of Narvi, and Grim Eyrarlegg, the brother of his wife Halldora. Then Brusi, the son of Halli, made these verses:
Thou warrior-goddess of the shield!
We held our own in battle fray--
I know tis so--we did not yield
The honour of the day.
Those chiefs forsooth, the while we fought,
(Bright nymph! it may not be denied)
Strode somewhat faster than I though
Adown the steep hill side.
Then Einar composed a stanza:
he had to run away perforce
From out the fight--that swordsman bold--
I trow twas hard to stop his course
As down the bank he rolld.
Well usd the pirates spear to wield,
In vain that chieftain fought,
And the loose shingle faild to yield
The foothold which he sought.
Then Glum composed some verses in answer to him:
Though standing on the band so high
Their helmets made a gallant show,
They did not dare their luck to try
Upon the beach below.
They did not dare to risk the path,
Whilst on the sandy shore we stood,
And fac'd the dread Valkyries wrath
With shields that drippd with blood.
The matter was settled upon the ground that the death of Klćngr and Thorvald of Hagi were set off one against the other, and the slaying of Grim Eyrarlegg was considered equal to the injury caused to Gudmund; but Glum was much dissatisfied with this close of the suit, as he expressed himself in the following stanza, which he made afterwards:
The world is worthless; and my life
With all the keen delights of strife
Hath well-nigh passed away.
Too weak, when gallant Grim lay low,
To strike mid men th'avenging blow,
And blood with blood repay!
It happened one summer that the brothers Gudmund and Einar were riding back from the Thing, when Glum invited some guests to his house, and he sent men up to Öxnadal-heath and asked those brothers also, professing that he wished to be reconciled to them wholly and entirely. For, said he, on account of old age I am fit for nothing, and I will not invite them only to a meal. Glum was then blind, but he caused a look-out to be kept for their coming. Gudmund wished to accept the invitation, but Einar did not; and each of them rode on his own side of the river, till Glum was told that one of the two troops was coming that way. Then, said he, Einar will not accept the invitation; he is so distrustful that he will put confidence in no man. It is reported that Einar called out to Gudmund and said, If you go thither this evening, I will be sure to be there tomorrow; but Gudmund reflected on those words and said, Well, you must mean that you will have to take measures for avenging my death; and so he turned round and followed Einar. It was told to Glum that neither of the two was coming. Then it is a bad business, exclaimed he, for if I had gone to meet them, I had made up my mind not to miss both of them. He had a drawn sword under his cloak. So this was the last thing which passed between Glum and the men of Eyjafirth.
When Christianity was introduced in these parts Glum was baptized, and lived three winters afterwards. He was confirmed in his last illness by Bishop Kol, and died in white vestments. Márr, Glums son, lived at Forn-Hagi, and caused a church to be built there, in which Glum and Márr himself, when he died, were buried. Many other people also were buried there, because for a long time there was but that one church in Hörgárdal. People relate that for twenty years Glum was the greatest chief on Eyjafirth; and for another twenty years there were no greater men there, though some were on an equal footing with him. They say too that of all the valiant men that have been in this land he had the noblest spirit. And so ends the Story of Glum. | <urn:uuid:844a2805-9c82-413d-bb68-ff3765e51214> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://heathengods.com/library/icelandic_sagas/viga-glums_saga.en.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280730.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00251-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.993066 | 32,164 | 2.21875 | 2 |
Often, leaders and organizations make flawed decisions because they do NOT make key assumptions explicit and then scrutinize those assumptions carefully. Here are seven questions that I proposed in my last book for helping leaders evaluate the validity of key assumptions being made by decision-makers:
1. What are the facts in this situation?
2. What issues remain ambiguous or uncertain?
3. What explicit and implicit assumptions have we made?
4. Have we confused facts with assumptions?
5. How would an outsider with an unbiased perspective evaluate each of our assumptions?
6. How would our conclusions change if each of our key assumptions proves incorrect?
7. Can we collect data, conduct a simple experiment, or perform certain analysis to validate or disprove crucial assumptions? | <urn:uuid:281fcc97-b382-4a9e-802d-8dba3be750d2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://michael-roberto.blogspot.com/2010/11/probing-your-assumptions.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00446-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.921901 | 153 | 2.4375 | 2 |
Course : Day 1 : Seoul - Southern Mt.Seorak for first time hikers (1.5hrs) - Mineral Water - Lunch - Fish Market - Gatbae experience - Sokcho City Tour - Light House
Day 2 : Hotel - Riding a cable car - Gwangeumsung Fortress - Tea Ceremony - Shinheungsa Temple - Bronze Budda Statue - Visit temple stay - Practice bows in a temple - Seoul meal : breakfast only
A national park of Korea, Mt. Seorak is often considered the most beautiful mountain in S. Korea. We have been served to Mt. Seorak more than 300+ times. We know every corners of Mt. Seorak and Sokcho. Have a good time with us.
Mt.Seorak National Park
A national park of Korea, Mt. Seorak is often considered the most beautiful mountain in the southem part of the Korean pemimula.
Originally, Shinhunsa was the subordinate temple of Geonbongsa. However, in 197, it was named the main temple of the 3rd district of the Korea Buddhist Jogye order, Currently, there are 20 subordinate temples under Shinhungsa.
Naksansa Temple is located 4 km north of Naksan Beach, and has a history of 1,300 years. It is a temple built by Ui-Sang, the ambassador of the 30th King of Silla Period (BC 57~AD 935), and inside there is the Seven Floor Stone Tower, Dongjong, Hongyaemun.
Visitors can see and taste the fresh seafood caught at the east sea at this tourist harbor, which is the largest in size in the nation. The harbor was renovated to provide tourists with convenience facilities.
Gwongeumseong is the site of a castle ruins called Mt. Seoraksan, and it is also known as Mt. Onggeumsan Castle, or Toto Castle. It is located on the steep Dol Mountain of Mt. Seoraksan Sogongwon area. It is believed to have been built by the 23rd King of the Goryeo Period (918~1392), Gojong (1213~1259 reign). It is also called Gwon-Kim Castle, as there is a legend that two generals named Gwon and Kim, built the castle to avoid war.
Since its opening in 1963, this beach, out of the other 3 beaches in Donghaean (East Coast) continues to have a great number of visitors every summer. Dense pine tree forests, 4 km of white sands, and shallow waters of 1.5m ~ 70m are characteristic of this beach.
- All the tours Include the guide, transportation, admission fee. - If you cancell your reservation on tour day. We will charge 100% cancellation fee to you. - Some morning tours will be dropped off at Itaewon or insadong. - We notice that We have no responsiblity for your personal incidents and losses during all the tours. - We are stuck in a traffic jam the pick up service will be delayed | <urn:uuid:9e2a6c32-f353-479d-b872-a5dd4045fad3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://jimsclub.net/new2013/product/detail.php?productid=50&NowPage=1&PHPSESSID=59697a316cd8fe88ecafeaf29879a4f1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00278.warc.gz | en | 0.938949 | 679 | 1.726563 | 2 |
The Zimbabwe Asset Management Company (ZAMCO), says it has managed to eliminate potentially hazardous systemic risk from the banking sector after taking over $1,1 billion worth of non-performing loans (NPLs), giving debt ridden firms a new slate to make a fresh start.
ZAMCO chief executive Cosmas Kanhai, said in an interview after it assumed bad debts, the NPLs rate among banks dropped from a peak of 20 percent to 5 percent, which is in line with the global trends.
Dr Kanhai said while ZAMCO’s primary function was to clean up the banks’ balance sheets to stem out the hazards associated with the bad loans, the lifting and restructuring of the NPLs gave firms that were struggling to repay latitude and time to get back on their feet. More than 65 percent of companies that had their bad loans assumed by ZAMCO from banks, had managed to pay up and were now in sound positions, Dr Kanhai pointed out.
In fact, Dr Kanhai said that ZAMCO was running ahead of schedule and could complete resolution of the NPLs much earlier than its gazetted 10 year lifespan. He said that the asset management firm will not exist in perpetuity and so will fold down after fulfilling its mission.
ZAMCO was established by the Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe (RBZ) in July 2014, as part of holistic measures to deal with the hazardous and systemic potential risk of rising (NPLs) in the banking sector.
The decision to form the debt assumption firm was in recognition that high NPLs invariably constrain banking institutions’ credit intermediation capacity thus, acting as a drag on economic growth.
Dr Kanhai said that ZAMCO was formed with the specific mandate to take over bad debts and prevent problems that could constrain the intermediation of banks, which has a serious negative effect on the economy.
“In terms of our core mandate, we have done very well because our mandate was to prevent banks from closing. So when we took over the NPLs, we cleaned up the balance sheets of banks.
“It means that banks no longer had non-performing assets, we also gave the banks Treasury Bills (TBs), as you are aware TBs are risk free asset, which means the capital adequacy ratio of banks improved.
“And from a liquidity side, they also had TBs, which they could use as security to access liquidity, so it helped the banks quite a lot. So in terms of the core mandate, ZAMCO achieved this very well,” he said.
Dr Kanhai said they are now working on the secondary phase of their mandate, which is to resolve and recover the NPLs from firms that owed banks.
Further, Dr Kanhai said ZAMCO was confident that it can pay off the $1,1 billion extended to it by Treasury (through TBs) to pay banks for the NPLs it assumed and the resources will come from repayments by firms that borrowed, proceeds of foreclosed NPLs with no prospect of turnaround and income from investments.
He pointed out that forming the asset management firms to clean up banks and prevent hazards of systemic risk was not peculiar to Zimbabwe, but that this is a global practice, which is also very common in Asia.
“If you have a systemic problem of NPLs, you can use the asset management firms to address that, that is what we did as Zimbabwe and we addressed NPLs ratio. It is not a Zimbabwean issue (taking over NPLs from banks), this is international best practice,” he said.
ZAMCO’s timely intervention came at a time banks were becoming extraordinarily cautious in their lending; only extending to high net-worth borrowers, which would negatively impact the economy.
“If you check now, since last year our NPLs ratio for the whole banking sector, it is trending below 5 percent, which is within the international best indicator because best practice says a bank should have (NPLs) 5 percent and below to be regarded safe and sound,” he said.
Dr Kanhai said since the NPLs accounted for just over 20 percent of total banking sector loans, before ZAMCO came in, the special purpose vehicle managed to reduce the ratio of NPLs by over 15 percent.
Many companies whose NPLs were taken over from banks, among them RioZim Limited, starafricacorporation and the Cotton Company of Zimbabwe (Cottco) are now performing exceptionally well.
“Those that have restructured (after NPLs takeover), most of them have paid off their debt, which means to us are now performing very well because if you pay off your debt, this means you have turned around,” he said. | <urn:uuid:c07e1626-5f23-44d7-968d-9437fbb98ec6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://zimbabwe-today.com/toxic-risk-disinfected-from-banking-sector/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571090.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809215803-20220810005803-00077.warc.gz | en | 0.978942 | 998 | 1.546875 | 2 |
News From the Field
Iron Isotopes as a Tool in Oceanography
July 31, 2009
New research involving scientists from the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, highlights the potential utility of iron isotopes for addressing important questions in ocean science. The findings are published in the August edition of the journal Geology.
National Oceanography Centre, Southampton (UK)
The National Science Foundation (NSF) is an independent federal agency that supports fundamental research and education across all fields of science and engineering. In fiscal year (FY) 2016, its budget is $7.5 billion. NSF funds reach all 50 states through grants to nearly 2,000 colleges, universities and other institutions. Each year, NSF receives more than 48,000 competitive proposals for funding and makes about 12,000 new funding awards. NSF also awards about $626 million in professional and service contracts yearly.
Get News Updates by Email
Useful NSF Web Sites:
NSF Home Page: https://www.nsf.gov
NSF News: https://www.nsf.gov/news/
For the News Media: https://www.nsf.gov/news/newsroom.jsp
Science and Engineering Statistics: https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/
Awards Searches: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/ | <urn:uuid:a9c6fc8a-896c-4938-b0cb-c0b2b51204ec> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.nsf.gov/news/news_summ.jsp?cntn_id=115380 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00445-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.895372 | 283 | 2.296875 | 2 |
The clock starts now.
Whatever It Takes — the local initiative begun last year with the goal of ensuring that by 1 p.m. July 1, 2020 all young people in Athens-Clarke County are on track to graduate from a postsecondary education — will unveil its plan for that lofty goal this afternoon.
“The real culture change that we’re talking about here is that we have the same expectations for all children as we do for our own children, speaking from my two-parent-household, graduated-from-college, middle-class perspective,” said Tim Johnson, executive director of Whatever It Takes and of longtime educational support group Family Connection.
“If my kid wants to be a mechanic, great. He’s going to need to go get some post-secondary education at Athens Tech,” Johnson said.
“If a child in Pauldoe wants to a be a doctor, great. Here are the things she’s going to have to do to get to that point, including graduating from medical school.
“But it doesn’t have anything to do with where they live. Every child is expected to go achieve some sort of post-secondary education.”
For the past decade, there has been no shortage of groups in Athens doing their part to help pull children out of the cycle of poverty and improve educational outcomes. Some have been more successful than others, but none have solved the problem of intergenerational poverty or closed the achievement gap between poor kids and their middle-class counterparts.
What makes the Whatever It Takes plan different is that the group is aware of what has come before, and organizers think they know why other programs have failed.
Whatever It Takes’ broad base of team members has spent the past year looking hard at the long list of anti-poverty and educational nonprofits and programs that currently are running in Athens, evaluating what is working and what is not.
It’s a study that has involved dozens, if not more than 100, community leaders and community members.
Staffers and volunteers also spent hours talking with parents and grandparents about what they see as obstacles to their children’s success in the classroom and in life.
The group’s community liaison, Terris Thomas, trained groups of parents and grandparents in the Alps Road Elementary attendance zone to interview their friends and neighbors to gather this information by talking to more than 350 different households in that area.
The plan that they will introduce this afternoon compiles all of that research into a more than 60-point plan to strengthen and expand the programs that are working now, start a few new initiatives to fill the needs that aren’t being addressed and to coordinate all of these efforts to ensure that services are effective and aren’t being duplicated.
The result should be an impermeable safety net for children.
Dr. Lewis Earnest, an emergency room doctor at St. Mary’s Hospital and chairman of the Whatever It Takes board of directors, compares the Whatever It Takes safety net to the gutter bumpers that bowling alleys use during children’s birthday parties.
“No matter how the child rolls the ball down the lane, it’s going to knock down some pins,” Earnest said. “That’s what we’re really trying to do — to take all the resources and institutions in Athens and make this seamless, longitudinal network of support so that every kid is successful.”
After organizers launch the plan in the Alps Road Elementary School attendance zone, they plan to expand similar programs into other attendance zones.
While the planning stage has been funded with at $500,000 federal grant, Whatever It Takes is working toward $200 million in federal grants that have been slated for comprehensive education improvement programs like Whatever It Takes.
“Part of this, the new (support) systems, are contingent on funding, so we’re seeking a number of different funding sources,” Johnson said. “But a lot of it, though, is the existing services and institutions working together, integrating what they’re doing and, in some cases, redirecting their own resources to achieve a more effective end. ... It’s not that money is spent on ineffective things, but sometimes they’re not being spent on the most effective thing.” | <urn:uuid:1805051f-bebf-4538-9ded-c9357f84a647> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://onlineathens.com/local-news/2011-12-11/whatever-it-takes-launches-its-plan-today | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281069.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00269-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961331 | 905 | 2.140625 | 2 |
When you have important information to pass around, you tell people and that is the same case when it comes to running a business because you have to inform people of the products or the services you are selling. Marketing is a great tool for creating awareness of your products and services, and that is why you should take it seriously. Marketing, therefore, is a way of convincing people about your products and services but information has to be relevant meaning that should be timely information, to the target market, using the appropriate platform and content. If you do everything right therefore to means you will get the result, and that is what you need to consider different strategies that can help you out. Read more below on different marketing tips that can be helpful for your business.
The marketing channel you choose to use for your business should be the most effective one should work on the strategy. Nowadays, you have many choices when it comes to the platforms you can use to communicate more about your products and services. Today, for example, many companies have shifted to digital marketing which is one of the marketing strategies of what times. It is possible that you already have created a business website, but the most important thing to do is to ensure that it is a functional website otherwise, you might not help you out as it can without proper work on it. Therefore, anything that entails creating business online visibility should be done appropriately such as using the appropriate content, reaching people using the appropriate platforms such as social media platforms like blogging and so on because the strategies can be very helpful. On the other hand, if you choose to go for traditional marketing, then you need to choose the most effective strategy as you also think of the best content to use.
Marketing can be very expensive if you are not careful in managing the finances. You can cut a lot of cost on marketing if you want to because it doesn’t have to be very expensive. Outsourcing services can be one of the most significant ways of cutting on marketing expenses. Generally, an in-house team can be costly because of the bonuses you have to give them on themselves they make, the salary you have to pay the monthly, the training, the working offices’ rent which is different from outsourcing the marketing services will have to pay for work done only. The marketing companies will invest in different equipment that can take advantage of without having to invest in them and saving you a lot of money. | <urn:uuid:37efb5ac-aa9b-4648-b0e2-05651ed6cb5c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://corumescortlar.org/getting-creative-with-marketing-advice.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00674.warc.gz | en | 0.970778 | 489 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Vetstreet. All rights reserved.
Vetstreet does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See Additional Information ›
Video games are affecting children at epidemic levels in this country. According to a 2011
Entertainment Software Association video game report, 72 percent of American households have people who play computer or video games regularly — as in every day regularly. A
Michigan State University study concluded that 90 percent of all kids play video games an average of 30 minutes a day.
And that’s bad for dogs.
Hours spent in front of a video game or computer screen leaves less time to play outdoors with a pet. When I was a child, we didn’t have video games. (OK, we had Pong and Mattel Football, but I was allowed to play them only on weekends and holidays.) Instead, I spent my days completing chores and exploring the woods with my dogs — which sure beat the heck out of Super Mario Brothers.
An August 2011 Mintel Report found that households with children younger than 18 — just over a third of all U.S. homes — were more likely to own a dog or cat than kid-free households. The problem is that, even if the home has kids and pets, the two may not be interacting, thanks to email and Facebook.
We now live in a society where kids and pets have easy access to high-calorie, highly processed foods. There's also little to no physical activity at school or home, which is why obesity is a growing problem for both pets and children. In 2007, the Centers for Disease Control and National Survey of Children's Health found that only about 30 percent of children between the ages of 6 and 17 were physically active for a minimum of 20 minutes each day. Yet they somehow found 30 minutes daily to play video games.
This brings me to another scenario that potentially leads to fewer homes with dogs, cats and other cuddly critters — the emergence of virtual pets. Ever since the Tamagotchi craze in 1997, there has been a gradual slide toward artificial pets. Today, you can “adopt and care” for virtual pets on several websites and apps. I can’t imagine roaming the woods while talking to my wristwatch pal. Call me old-fashioned, but I like real, warm-blooded beings. But I digress.
So what’s a parent to do? How do you solve the my-kids-won’t-play-with-the-dog-or-listen-to-me dilemma? Here’s a thought: Be the parent.
Your kids probably aren’t creating their own video games. (If they are, stop reading this and encourage them to continue because there will be an estimated $74 billion spent on games this year, which is more than twice what we’ll splurge on all the pet goods in this country.) So if they’re not making their own games, who buys them? They save their allowance, you say? How about telling them they can’t spend it on a game? How about they don’t get an allowance unless they walk the dog each day for at least 30 minutes?
In other words, snatch that console out of your kids’ hands and replace it with a leash. I know I’m a better person and father because my parents set boundaries, held high expectations and praised or punished when needed. That may sound harsh to some, but I only hope that my kids are reading this. It’s for their own good — and I want to start a parental revolution.
Here’s my challenge to you fellow parents: Invoke at least one video-free and social media-free day a week and have your kids walk or play with a pet at least 30 minutes daily. And, no, sitting on the couch, while throwing a ball or waving a laser pointer, doesn’t count. Get them outside to run, roll in the grass and get dirty.
If we get serious about walking our dogs, we can change this country. We know physical activity and interaction with a pet is healthy. We also know that video games make you blind — and they're at least partly responsible for the stock market crash, the real estate collapse and the reason I may never be able to retire. OK, maybe I’m exaggerating. They don’t really make you blind.
So how about it? Will you take this challenge and commit to trying it for at least a month? You and your pets will feel so much better.
Like this article? Have a point of view to share? Let us know!
Take our breed quiz to find your next pet.
Get all the best pet news and information sent right to your inbox!
Thank you for subscribing!
There's a lot of misinformation out there
about getting pets fixed, so we're clearing
up some popular…
Repetitive behaviors like tail chasing and
excess paw licking can indicate that your
animal has a compulsive…
From Alaskan Malamute to Xoloitzcuintli,
here's our guide to pronouncing the most
tongue-twistery dog breed names.
Weaving through your legs can be an
endearing habit, but sometimes it's a
sign of a behavioral or medical issue.
Minimize the risk of a bad trick-or-treat
interaction by brushing up on your dog’s
manners before October 31.
The Schapendoes (aka Dutch Sheepdog)
is known for his incredible jumping skills
and cheerful personality.
Parasites are no fun for dogs. Learn how
to protect your canine from heartworms,
hookworms, whipworms and more.
Check out our collection of more than 250 videos about pet training, animal behavior, dog and cat breeds and more.
Wonder which dog or cat best fits your lifestyle? Our new tool will narrow down more than 300 breeds for you.
If the video doesn't start playing momentarily,
please install the latest version of Flash.
Thank you for subscribing. | <urn:uuid:f6f69c36-59d0-48cf-95d6-dc57ef0e2808> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.vetstreet.com/our-pet-experts/why-video-games-are-bad-for-dogs | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721387.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00448-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.947186 | 1,274 | 3.078125 | 3 |
You know what stress looks like: The sun rises; so do you. Your child suddenly remembers that he needs cupcakes for the school party. The dog's gotten sick in the living room. Your spouse leaves for work in a huff after a prebreakfast tiff over finances. You leave for work without a report that's due today. You double back, grab it from the kitchen counter, trip over an Everest of laundry — must we go on?
You know what stress feels like: Your pulse quickens, your lungs squeeze shut, your ears ring, and you wonder if this is the time your head actually explodes. Sensing anxiety overload, your brain orders up a chemical surge that makes your blood vessels narrow, heart race, blood pressure rise, and muscles tighten. Your body is mobilizing to deal with threat.
Good plan, nature! But you weren't meant to stay on red alert forever. Prolonged stress leads to health problems. High levels of the stress hormone cortisol are associated with heart disease and cancer; stress has also been linked to gastrointestinal problems, eczema, asthma, and depression.
And you probably already know what's involved in long-term, big-commitment stress reduction: physical changes (exercising, eating right, getting plenty of sleep); organizational changes (planning ahead, divvying up chores equitably); attitude changes (letting go of what you can't control, for starters); and relationship changes (finding ways to talk through, directly and respectfully, the problems that are the sources of anxiety). All of these transformations are definitely worth the effort.
But here's what you may not know: Recent studies have suggested six new stress reducers — research-tested, rather surprising, and relatively simple. You can ease these strategies into your life right now.
"When I come home from a hard day at work and kiss my husband, the bad stuff doesn't seem to matter anymore," says Cheryl Kennedy Henderson, 47, an accountant in Knoxville, TN. Science says she's on to something. A recent study of 2,000 couples showed that those who kiss only during lovemaking are eight times more likely to report suffering from stress and depression than those who frequently kiss on the spur of the moment. Study leader Laura Berman, Ph.D., an assistant clinical professor of psychiatry and ob-gyn at Northwestern University's Feinberg School of Medicine, explains why: "Kissing relieves stress by creating a sense of connectedness, which releases endorphins, the chemicals that counteract stress and depression."
Take the cuddle cure
More good news from the annals of affection: Researchers at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill recently found that holding hands and hugging can measurably reduce stress. Fifty couples were asked to hold hands for 10 minutes, then hug for 20 seconds. A second group of 85 people rested quietly, not touching their significant others. Researchers then asked people in both groups to talk about a past event that left them angry or anxious. Those who hadn't cuddled before revisiting the past exhibited signs of elevated heart rate and blood pressure. But couples who had hugged and held hands weren't nearly as ruffled. "The gentle pressure of a hug can stimulate nerve endings under the skin that send calming messages to the brain and slow the release of cortisol," explains Tiffany Field, Ph.D., director of the University of Miami Medical School's Touch Research Institute. And if your honey isn't on hand? Field says other studies have found that a hug from a friend or a professional massage can also help banish tension.
Lash out less
You may have already concluded what a series of studies has confirmed: When married couples argue, men are more likely than women to withdraw — and this frustrates their wives. The studies also revealed something not as obvious. The way a woman deals with frustration during hostile arguments can measurably affect her stress load, and thus her physical health. Women who responded to their husbands with verbal hostility showed elevated stress-hormone levels during arguments and for hours afterward. Their mates didn't show these physical signs of stress, says Janice Kiecolt-Glaser, Ph.D., professor of psychiatry at Ohio State University College of Medicine and a member of the research team. Prolonged surges of stress hormones can damage the immune system, she notes. (One serious physical consequence of a hostile fighting style was discovered last year by researchers at the University of Utah, who found that wives who lashed out at their husbands during disagreements had twice as much coronary artery calcification, a sign of heart disease, as wives who stayed calm. Hostile husbands weren't affected.) "Conflict isn't necessarily bad," says Kiecolt-Glaser. "It's the way couples disagree that affects health." Her advice: Concentrate on the issue at hand and forget about getting even; drop the sarcasm and name-calling. "Generally it's best to try to keep the emotional temperature as low as possible," she says. "The more heated the words or tone of voice, the harder it is for husbands and wives to hear each other. If necessary, take a deep breath and respectfully end the conversation, promising to talk about the situation later, when you're calmer."
Put the kettle on
Tea is the most popular beverage in the world (after water); even coffee-worshipping Americans guzzle more than two billion gallons of tea a year. Part of the appeal may be its tension-taming powers. In a recent study, scientists at University College London noted that people who drank black tea four times a day for six weeks had lower levels of cortisol after a stressful task than those who drank a caffeinated fruit beverage. Research also shows that a substance in green tea leaves, L-Theanine, may shift brain wave activity from the beta waves that accompany anxiety to the alpha waves associated with relaxation. Maxine Friedman, 43, of New York City, the mother of 7-year-old twin girls, builds tea breaks into her busiest days. She finds the ritual as calming as the beverage. "I start relaxing even before I start to drink — at the sound of the kettle, the feel of the cup in my hand," she says.
Loosen your electronic leash
Thanks to high-tech gadgets, your kids can reach you 24/7. Knowing where they are and what they're up to? Priceless. But there's a hidden cost. A two-year study of 1,367 working men and women in New York state, two-thirds of them parents, found that all were overburdened by a blurring of the divide between the workplace and home. But while both men and women reported bringing job-related worries home with them, only women felt stress because of home worries spilling over into the workplace. Researchers speculate that cell phones and pagers are responsible for this blurring of boundaries. "When your kids have a crisis or a relative gets sick, it's usually the women, not the men, who get the call at work," says Noelle Chesley, a professor of sociology at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee and the study's author. She suggests you take turns with your spouse being "on call" for minor emergencies, and make sure the sitter and the school have his number as well as yours. You may have to retrain the kids, too.
Reflect on what you value
When your frazzle level is so high you feel yourself spiraling out of control, a quick way to re-center is to remind yourself of what's most important in your life. Researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles, asked 85 people to complete a questionnaire ranking their values from what matters most to what matters least. Then the group was divided. Half the people were asked to talk about their top-ranked values; the other half discussed what mattered least to them. Afterward, everyone took part in a stress-inducing task (giving a five-minute speech in front of a heckling audience, then counting backward from 2,083 by 13s). People who'd reflected on their most cherished values had a lower stress response than those who'd discussed matters that didn't mean much. "Affirming your values changes the way you appraise a situation," says David Creswell, Ph.D., the study's lead author and a research scientist at UCLA. "In this case, the stressful event became less of a threat and more of a challenge." He suggests one way to put the research findings to work: In a stressful situation, think about people important to you, and how you've been a good mate, mother, daughter, sister, or friend. "Affirmations of close relationships are powerful sources to draw on," Creswell says. | <urn:uuid:d7a299be-b49f-4aed-93db-84f27d0494e2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.goodhousekeeping.com/health/wellness/advice/a16202/surprising-stress-fixes-0907/?link=rel&dom=yah_life&src=syn&con=blog_goodhousekeeping&mag=ghk | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279933.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00122-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.966861 | 1,799 | 2.015625 | 2 |
A protein that is an early indicator of kidney dysfunction in adults may predict hypertension in black adolescents, Medical College of Georgia researchers have found.
Microalbuminuria, excessive amounts of albumin in the urine, is a common problem among diabetics, says Dr. Gregory Harshfield, director of the Medical College of Georgias Georgia Prevention Institute. For that reason, the few studies that have looked at adolescent patients have been focused on sick populations and even fewer have examined the phenomenon in healthy adolescents. What we were looking to find was the prevalence of the problem in a healthy population of children and adolescents and the impact of race, sex, sodium-handling and blood pressure on microalbuminuria.
Dr. Harshfield and his co-investigators, Dr. Coral Hanevold, a former MCG pediatric nephrologist now at the University of Washington in Seattle, and Dr. Jennifer Pollock, an MCG pharmacologist, studied 317 healthy teens age 15-18. The results are published in the February issue of Hypertension, a journal of the American Heart Association.
The subjects were place on a three-day sodium-controlled diet prior to testing on day four. Testing consisted of a two-hour baseline period, a one-hour stress period and a two-hour post-stress period. Urine samples were obtained at the end of each hour. Levels of microalbumin were determined following the first-hour baseline period.
Researchers found that the black teens had a 10 percent higher rate of albumin in their urine than their white counterparts, despite the fact that both groups had normal blood pressure. Those results suggest that kidney damage in these high-risk youths is apparent even before the development of high blood pressure. The black girls had a 22 percent higher albumin excretion rate than white girls.
The higher levels correspond to a tendency to retain sodium after stress, Dr. Harshfield says, noting that sodium retention is normal during stress but should normalize after the stressor has passed.
What weve shown is that children and adolescents, particularly black children, can display reduced kidney function prior to the onset of hypertension. Therefore, it would be prudent to measure levels of microalbuminuria in high-risk patients.
|Contact: Jennifer Hilliard|
Medical College of Georgia | <urn:uuid:88b2bc38-4894-4e12-a218-a3d56e3b1bb6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.bio-medicine.org/medicine-news-1/Urine-protein-may-be-present-before-hypertension-diagnosis-in-at-risk-adolescents-12884-1/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281226.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00380-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.949643 | 473 | 2.65625 | 3 |
This study evaluates the local damage of a turbine in an auxiliary building of a nuclear power plant due to an external impact by using the LS-DYNA finite element program. The wall of the auxiliary building is SC structure and the material of the SC wall plate is high manganese steel, which has superior ductility and energy absorbance compared to the ordinary steel used for other SC wall plates. The effects of the material of the wall, collision speed, and angle on the magnitude of the local damage were evaluated by local collision analysis. The analysis revealed that the SC wall made of manganese steel had significantly less damage than the SC wall made of ordinary steel. In conclusion, an SC wall made of manganese steel can have higher effective resistance than an SC wall made of ordinary steel against the local collision of an airplane engine or against a turbine impact.
A concrete structure such as a nuclear power plant requires not only an overall evaluation but more importantly, needs to be designed against collision impact as well as against intrusion, penetration, and scabbing to maintain its structural safety and serviceability. A plausible impact can be classified as an external impact or an internal impact depending on the impact location, and as a ductile impact or a stiff impact depending on the magnitude of the deformation of the impacting object. A design resistant against local damage of a nuclear power plant considers major impacting objects, such as the engine of an aircraft, a tornado, or a turbine. An aircraft engine impact is considered a ductile impact, whereas tornado and turbine impacts are considered stiff impacts.
The local damage from an aircraft has been evaluated mainly with respect to the engine of the aircraft. According to a real collision test with an F-4 Phantom , the depth of the penetration in the concrete panel at the main body was 20mm, whereas at the engine of the aircraft it was 60 mm. This result is due to the fact that the main body has a relatively large area of collision and shows a large magnitude of deformation, whereas the engine is stiff and has a small area of collision that can lead to major local damage. Tornado impact is another external cause of local damage, which occurs frequently in areas of strong tornado occurrence, and the possibility is about 10？4 ？ 10？3, so tornado impact is considered in the design process.
A turbine impact is an internal impact that occurs during operation of a nuclear power plant. The rotating part of a turbine generator has large kinetic energy and it can break other stationary parts in the case of mechanical failure.
Wall structures of subsidiary buildings have mainly been RC structures up until recent years. However, there has been increasing interest in modular construction to reduce construction time. Modular construction uses the SC (Steel Plate Concrete) wall structure instead of the RC wall structure. Currently, the SC wall structure is installed in non-safety related structures, but in the future, it will be available for safety related structures. Studies on the local damage of RC wall structures have been conducted , but those on the local damage of SC structures have only begun recently . Kojima performed a local collision test against an RC wall and an RC wall with a linear plate in a containment structure and verified that the linear plate increases the resistance against local collision. Yoo et al performed a local collision analysis against SC wall structures with structural steel and high manganese steel, and found that the manganese steel increases the resistance against local damage dramatically.
This study evaluated the local damage due to an internal turbine impact in the subsidiary structure of a nuclear power plant using the LS-DYNA program for collision analysis. The wall of the subsidiary structure was made of SC structure. Structural steel and high manganese steel with high ductility/energy absorbance were applied to the SC structures for comparison. The effects of collision speed and collision angle, and the material characteristic of the steel of the SC wall, on the local damage due to a local collision were evaluated.
The SC structure of the exterior wall, which was designed according to KEPIC SNG , has a total thickness
of 1.524 m. The concrete part is 1.49 m wide and each steel plate is 0.019 m wide. The inner part of the steel plate, where concrete is fixed, has a shear stud every nine inches. The SC structure consists of concrete between two steel plates, as shown in Fig. 1(b). A local collision analysis was performed for the case in which a turbine impact occurred inside and hit the inner part of the exterior wall structure.
The SC wall structure is a square with 9000mm span and its total thickness is 1524mm, including two steel plates of 19.05mm thickness. The shape of the turbine impacting object is determined based on a previous study and described in Fig. 2 in detail. The finite element model of the turbine object (Fig. 3) is made by a 120 degree rotation of the cross section in Fig. 2 and 8 node cubic elements were used for analysis. The total mass of the turbine is 3750kg.
The steel plate and concrete in the SC structure were modeled by 8 node cubic elements. The real SC structure has studs for perfect unification of concrete and steel. However, the studs were excluded in the finite element model for analysis efficiency. Boundary nodes were shared by the concrete and steel parts. Many openings, as shown in Fig 1.(b), are available for the installation of pipes in a
real structure, but are not available in the model. The central part of the SC structure, where the turbine hits, was divided into small elements and the remaining parts were divided into relatively large elements for analysis efficiency. For the contact condition between the impact and target structures, the target element was eliminated when the target element lost its stiffness due to impact for calculation efficiency. The finite element model of the SC structure is presented in Fig. 4 with steel plate and concrete models.
2.2.1 Concrete Model
LS-DYNA has several nonlinear concrete models including CSCM(Continuous Surface Cap Model), the Winfrith model, and the Concrete Damage Rel.3 model, which have input parameters of compressive strength, tensile strength, and Poisson’s ratio. Chung, et al performed numerical analyses of a collision test using those 3 models of LS-DYNA and compared the results with real experiments. The analysis result of the CSCM model was the closest to the experiment results. Based on this finding, the CSCM model was selected for the analysis of the local collision test in this study. Since the impact structure collides with the SC wall structure at 128-198m/sec, the strain
rate hardening effect of concrete was taken into account. When the strain rate increases to 1~10 sec-1, the compressive strength and tensile strength increase up to 20-50% and over 100%, respectively, whereas the elastic modulus remains independent of the strain rate [11,12]. The dynamic compressive and tensile strengths of the CSCM model are described as
is the effective strain rate,
2.2.2 Steel Model
The steel plate of the SC wall structure and the impacting object were modeled using the PLASTIC KINEMATIC steel model, and the strain rate hardening effect presented in the following equation, which was originally proposed by Cowper-Symonds , was considered. The parameters
To compare the differences between various steels, impact angles, and impact velocities, each variable was utilized as a parameter of a finite element analysis. The major characteristics of the analysis models are listed in Table 2. The impact velocities and angles are based on a reference . Each impact angle is shown in Fig. 6.
In this study, the differences in local damage for various steels under the condition of same impact velocity and angle, for various impact angles under the condition of same steel type and impact velocity, and for various impact velocities under the condition of same steel type and impact angle, are investigated and compared.
For the 15 analysis models listed in Table 2, local collision analyses were performed using LS-DYNA. Various
analysis results including the degree of damage to the target, the maximum penetration depth, the maximum resistance force, the maximum impulse, and the residual velocity of the impacting object are summarized in table 3.
To evaluate the local damage according to steel properties under the condition of a specified impacting velocity and impacting angle, 9 out of 15 models in table 2 were selected and summarized in table 4. The damaged shapes of the back face and side section of each model are listed in Fig. 7 ？Fig. 9. The maximum penetration depth and maximum resistance force of each model are compared in Fig. 10.
For the cases of 128m/s and 160m/s impacting velocities, all models developed partial penetrations (Fig. 7, 8). For the case of 198m/s impact velocity, the A36 and A496 models developed full penetrations, whereas the HMS model developed a partial penetration (Fig. 9).
For the cases of 128m/s and 160m/s impacting velocities, the maximum depths of penetration varied according to the steel properties (Fig. 10(a)). For the 128m/s impacting velocity case, the HMS model (HMS-VA-B) developed a partial penetration, which was 85.3% of the penetration of the A36 (A36-V1-B) model. For the 160m/s
impacting velocity case, the HMS model (HMS-V2-B) developed a partial penetration, which was 59.4% of the penetration of the A36 (A36-V2-B) model.
These results show that local damage due to an impact is mainly affected by material properties and the differences in local damages are more significant in fast impacting cases.
Table 5 presents the velocity decreasing ratio between the velocity of the initial impact on the front steel plate and the velocity when an impacting object hits the concrete after it penetrates the front steel plate. For the 128m/s impacting velocity case, the velocity decrease ratios of A36 and A496 steel are 8~9%, whereas that of HMS is 100% because the impacting object cannot penetrate the front steel plate. For the 160m/s impacting velocity case, velocity decrease ratios of A36 and A496 steel are about 6%, whereas that of HMS is 60%. For the 198m/s impacting velocity case, velocity decrease ratios of A36 and A496 steels are 5%, whereas that of HMS is 40%. Overall, the velocity decrease ratio of HMS is significantly higher than those of the other steel types, which is a characteristic of HMS with high ductility and energy absorbing capability. The impacting object hits the front steel plate first. If the front steel plate is sturdy, it prevents damage of the concrete and the overall damage of the structure. The higher
failure strain and ultimate strength of HMS than those of A36 and A496 steels lead to the high resistance of HMS to an impacting object and thus, less damage to the overall structure.
Fig. 10(b) presents the maximum reaction forces for all cases. The reaction force of HMS is about double that of the other steels. This result can be compared with the results of the colliding test in Kojima , where RC slabs with various thicknesses were collided with impacting objects at 200 m/s. The maximum reaction versus slab thickness of Kojima is shown in Fig. 11, where the reaction forces are proportional to the slab thickness. Therefore, the overall resistance of the model with the HMS plate is superior to those of the other models, considering reaction forces and the constant thicknesses of the steel plates. The comparison among the 9 models with various steel plates showed relatively little local damage of the HMS plate target with the other conditions fixed.
To evaluate the local damage of the SC structure according to the impacting angle, 9 models in Table 6 were selected from the 15 models in Table 2 and analyzed. The shape of the damage on the back panel and cross section are presented in Fig. 12 ~ Fig. 14. The maximum depths of penetration and reaction forces are compared in Fig. 15.
For A36 and A496 type steel models, the blunt angle and glancing angle cases show partial penetration, whereas the piercing angle cases show full penetration. For the HMS model, all cases experienced partial penetration.
Fig. 15(a) presents the maximum depth of penetration according to the impacting angle, where resulting depths varied. The glancing angle case resulted in partial penetration that was 1.44 times deeper than that of the blunt angle
case for A36 steel. Similarly, the glancing angle case resulted in partial penetration that was 1.48 times deeper than that of the blunt angle case for A496 steel. For HMS, the glancing angle penetration was 1.08 times deeper than the blunt angle penetration and the piercing angle penetration was 2.58 times deeper than the blunt angle penetration. The little difference between the glancing angle and the blunt angle of HMS can be explained by Fig. 16 and Fig. 17. For the glancing impact on A36 and A486 steel plates, the circled part of the impacting object (Fig. 16 & 17) caused significant damage to the surface steel plate and it moved as described in Fig. 16 (b). For the glancing impact on the HMS plate, the plate resisted the impact and prevented further penetration. The difference in their damages seems to be due to the difference in the contacting areas for different impacting angles. The dynamic energy of the
impacting object is consistent (
To evaluate the effect of impacting velocity on local damage under the condition of same material and same angle, 9 models in Table 7 were selected. The shapes of damages on the back face and cross section are shown in Fig. 18 ~ Fig. 20. Fig. 21 compares the maximum depths of penetration and the maximum reaction forces for various impacting velocities.
Local damage analyses for three impacting velocities (128 m/sec, 160 m/sec, 198 m/sec) revealed that a higher impacting velocity caused more severe damage to the target structure. In particular, the 198 m/sec speed case of the A36 and A496 models showed full penetration. In Fig 21(a), the
depths of penetration of the A36 and A496 models increased by about 1.6 times when the speed increased from 128 m/sec to 160 m/sec, whereas the depth of penetration
of the HMS model increased by about 1.12 and 2.61 times when the speed increased from 128 m/sec to 160 m/sec and 198 m/sec, respectively. Fig. 21(b) compares the maximum reaction forces and shows that the maximum reaction force increases with the impacting velocity. These results verify that the dynamic energy of the impacting object is transferred to the target structure as an impulse that causes local damage.
This study evaluated local damages of the SC wall of a reactor structure by a turbine impacting object. The SC structure was modeled with A36, A496 structural steels and
HMS, which has superior ductility and energy absorbing capability. Impacting analysis revealed the effects of impacting velocity, impacting angle, and material characteristics of the target. The important results are as follows:
The maximum penetration depth is largest in the Piercing case, medium in the Glancing case, and smallest in
the Blunt case, which can be explained by the fact that a small impacting area causes high stress when all other conditions are equal. The A36 and A496 SC plates experienced full penetration in the case of Piercing angle impact, whereas the HMS SC plate was partially penetrated in all cases.
Analysis of the impacting velocity parameter showed that the degree of damage varied among materials and that the differences were significant in high velocity cases. For the impacting velocities of 128m/sec and 160m/sec, all plates experienced partial penetration, but the HMS plate showed significantly less damage. For the case of 198m/sec impacting velocity, the A36 and A496 SC plates were fully penetrated, whereas the HMS plate was partially penetrated. As expected, HMS with high ductility absorbed the impacting energy, preventing full penetration.
Based on these results, it is concluded that studies on the future use of HMS for structures with high safety requirements needs to be continued. | <urn:uuid:cedc6650-52e8-4ad8-adcf-46426b179195> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://oak.go.kr/central/journallist/journaldetail.do?article_seq=12597 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.934301 | 3,411 | 3.171875 | 3 |
Preventable promotes holiday safety
The B.C.-based non-profit's campaign includes messaging on snowboards and helmets, and aims to start a conversation about avoiding injuries.
Preventable, a B.C.-based non-profit organization, is kicking off a province-wide holiday campaign that aims to get British Columbians talking and thinking more seriously about safety and how to prevent injuries.
Targeting men and women aged 25 to 54, who are more likely to have children or parents to take care of, the campaign will rely heavily on TV spots, courtesy of Preventable’s long-standing partnership with Global.
With creative by Wasserman + Partners Advertising, it will also make use of traditional OOH across the province, such as billboards and poster boards, have a limited run in cinema pre-shows, and feature a projection wall on the Sears Tower in downtown Vancouver, with the campaign jingle “Fa-la-la-la-la Preventable.”
As has become routine for the non-profit during its past “Summer Drowning” and “Winter Helmet” campaigns, its holiday initiative will also make use of guerrilla marketing tactics, putting the message on snowboards and helmets.
Ian Pike, director of the BC Injury Research and Prevention Unit, tells MiC that this was a key part of the “Summer Drowning” campaign, which used towels as a medium, because it made the items into portable billboards, and that the media strategy as a whole has been effective because it was formed based on conversations with British Columbians.
“The campaign you see, with all of its elements, is really a reflection of what British Columbians said would resonate,” he says, noting that they made it clear that shock campaigns wouldn’t engage them.
“Our campaign is different in that we try to appeal to people’s thoughtfulness, and to what people already know about injury prevention,” he adds.
The holiday campaign will run into the new year, with cinema spots appearing Dec. 14 to 18, and the Sears Tower projection wall being lit up Dec. 14, 15, 21 and 22. | <urn:uuid:228b6719-1f99-40bd-9a8c-ad4e73da8b13> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://mediaincanada.com/2012/12/05/preventable-promotes-holiday-safety/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284405.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00041-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.962936 | 451 | 1.640625 | 2 |
Will schools report follow in the wake of Eames Bradley?
- 22 April 2013
- From the section Northern Ireland
Might some aspects of the Eames Bradley report on the past have been implemented by now if it hadn't been for the team's most controversial suggestion?
That's a thought which flashed through my mind for two reasons.
First, I attended the launch of a Progressive Unionist document on reconciliation at which Councillor John Kyle talked about the Eames Bradley report having been "binned".
Second, I had just read through a Shared Education report commissioned by John O'Dowd.
The Achilles Heel of the Eames Bradley report turned out to be its headline grabbing idea that the family of every Troubles victim should get £12,000, irrespective of whether their loved one was a paramilitary, a member of the security forces or a civilian. NI Troubles legacy to cost £300m
This suggestion provoked angry and impassioned responses. Over time, not just the £12,000 payments, but all the other Eames Bradley ideas for a "Legacy Commission" and an Annual Day Of Reflection were quietly moth-balled.
The Connolly report on Shared Education has not proved quite so contentious. 'Schools must boost equality by law'
Sinn Fein Education Minister John O'Dowd hailed it as an important step on the way to 2015, the date by which the Northern Ireland Executive has committed to provide all children with an opportunity to take part in shared education.
However, the report's recommendation that academic selection should be outlawed was always guaranteed to polarise the Stormont parties. In addition its refusal to regard integrated schools as a "preferred option" has annoyed Alliance politicians.
Unionists accuse the team who produced the report of taking a selective approach to "parental choice" - respecting it when it comes to providing a range of schools with different religious or cultural identities, but not when parents back grammar schools.
The report's authors claim this is a false analogy, arguing that many working class children don't have a realistic choice of benefitting from a grammar school education.
The Connolly team say their recommendations on academic selection shouldn't put the parties off implementing their other suggestions, which would create more incentives for schools to work together.
Which brings me back to Eames Bradley. Will the controversial aspects of the Connolly report mean its less contentious proposals end up getting shelved, as happened to the report on the past?
Or, given that education is a very different matter, and sharing between schools fits into the Executive's long delayed "Cohesion, Sharing and Integration" blueprint, will the bulk of this report be implemented? I'm inclined to favour the latter. However. given the Stormont parties' propensity for locking horns, I'm not writing off the potential for deadlock. | <urn:uuid:13beb7f7-9ba5-41c2-ae1b-bc784fbaa52c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-22254815 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280761.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00091-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.963105 | 584 | 1.75 | 2 |
your daily source for inspiration...
Quote of the day
top 100 quotes
"So then, the relationship of self to other is the complete realization that loving yourself is impossible without loving everything defined as other than yourself."
Top Alan Watts Quotes
"The reason we want to go on and on is because we live in an impoverished present."
"No valid plans for the future can be made by those who have no capacity for living now."
"The only way to make sense out of change is to plunge into it, move with it, and join the dance."
"You don't look out there for God, something in the sky, you look in you."
"To have faith is to trust yourself to the water. When you swim you don't grab hold of the water, because if you do you will sink and drown. Instead you relax, and float."
Alan Watts quotes | <urn:uuid:e40dd242-6872-4fc2-8c2a-06d45fb5b097> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://quote-coyote.com/quotes/authors/w/alan-watts/quote-15708.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00475.warc.gz | en | 0.930295 | 220 | 1.828125 | 2 |
Bisazza, a tiling and mosaic coverings brand, decided to take up a new project—to draw on the archives of the house of Fornasetti to create a new collection of mosaics. It allowed them the opportunity to remember the poetic and dreamlike creative language of Piero Fornasetti, the founder of the house.
The collaboration has given rise to a collection of glass mosaics that are in turn poetic and mysterious. With Ortensia and Soli a Capri, Bisazza manages to transcribe into the glass a palette of 60 tesserae colours, and allow users to rediscover the magic, humour and metaphors of the most iconic drawings of Piero Fornasetti, the prolific creator.
This article was first published in Architectural Digest France | <urn:uuid:272a3a39-3811-4a19-9e2b-bfbb52e0262a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.architecturaldigest.in/content/adlovessalone-take-a-look-at-the-colourful-and-poetic-fornasetti-collection-by-bisazza/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571536.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811224716-20220812014716-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.881219 | 164 | 1.609375 | 2 |
- Rig Rundowns
- Premier Blogs
A 1968 Telecaster Custom with olympic white finish and maple fretboard.
Introduced in 1959, the Fender Telecaster Custom was a special deluxe version of the regular Telecaster. The Custom’s sunburst alder body had white binding around the top and back that was meant to provide a more sophisticated look than the standard blonde finish Fender used on ash-body Teles.
The 1968 Telecaster Custom pictured this month has a custom olympic white finish with black binding (black binding was used occasionally for a light-colored guitar). The body is finished with a thick-skin polyester base coat, which was new to ’68. The maple neck with separate maple fretboard still has a traditional Fender nitrocellulose lacquer finish, but by ’69 polyester-finished necks became standard. The headstock boasts the bold black CBS logo, which was first seen on Customs in ’68. The 1968 list price for a Telecaster Custom was $259, plus $58 for a case. A maple fretboard was an extra 5 percent, as was the custom color. The current value for this well-used Tele is $10,000.
Looking much like a piece of the Starship Enterprise’s transporter, a 1967 Fender Solid State Super Reverb stands behind the Tele. Fender’s solid-state amp line was developed in 1966 when most electronic companies were replacing tubes with transistors. Although pursuing solid-state technology was a logical move, these early attempts failed to account for the nuances of tube interaction with a guitar and player. Compared to tube versions, the solid-state amps were thought of as sounding “tinny” and sterile. These transistor amps were also unreliable and prone to complete breakdown. While other late-’60s companies like Acoustic and Kustom achieved success with solid-state amps, Fender gave up on its first endeavor in 1971. The 1968 list price for a Solid State Super Reverb was $500. The current value for one in excellent condition is $400.
LEFT: All the signs of a well-played guitar. CENTER: Fender’s rare black binding appeared on some light-colored Customs. RIGHT: The bold black CBS logo first appeared on Customs in ’68.
You can find virtually everything you need to know about Fender Telecasters in The Fender Telecaster by A.R. Duchossoir. Detailed information on Fender amplifiers can be found in The Soul of Tone: Celebrating 60 Years of Fender Amps by Tom Wheeler, and also in Fender Amps: The First Fifty Years by John Teagle and John Sprung.
Original price: 1968 Custom Tele, $259 (maple fretboard and custom color each cost an extra 5 percent), plus $58 for hardshell case. 1968 Solid State Super Reverb, $500.
Current estimated market value: 1968 Custom Tele, $10,000; Solid State Super Reverb, $400 in excellent condition.
Dave ’s Guitar Shop
Dave Rogers’ collection is tended by Laun Braithwaite and Tim Mullally and is on display at:
Dave’s Guitar Shop
1227 Third Street South
La Crosse, WI 54601
Photos by Mullally and text by Braithwaite. | <urn:uuid:aa079913-16c8-435d-8253-65dd95876006> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.premierguitar.com/articles/10887 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718423.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00271-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.943066 | 703 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Supreme Court refuses to extend absentee voting in Wisconsin despite pandemic
WASHINGTON – The Supreme Court denied its support Monday for the growing consensus that voting in the midst of a pandemic may be best done by mail.
Refusing to depart from its opposition to last-minute changes that can confuse voters, the justices blocked a federal court order that voters in Wisconsin should be able to vote absentee for six days beyond Tuesday's primary election.
"Extending the date by which ballots may be cast by voters — not just received by the municipal clerks but cast by voters — for an additional six days after the scheduled election day fundamentally alters the nature of the election," the court said in an unsigned opinion.
"The court’s decision ... should not be viewed as expressing an opinion on the broader question of whether to hold the election, or whether other reforms or modifications in election procedures in light of COVID–19 are appropriate. That point cannot be stressed enough."
The vote broke down on ideological lines, with the four liberal justices dissenting.
"The question here is whether tens of thousands of Wisconsin citizens can vote safely in the midst of a pandemic," Associate Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg wrote. Under the court's decision, "either they will have to brave the polls, endangering their own and others’ safety. Or they will lose their right to vote, through no fault of their own."
"While I do not doubt the good faith of my colleagues, the court’s order, I fear, will result in massive disenfranchisement. A voter cannot deliver for postmarking a ballot she has not received."
The high court's decision was overshadowed for much of the day by events in Wisconsin, where Gov. Tony Evers ordered the primary election stopped altogether, Republicans challenged him in state court, and the state's Supreme Court reversed him.
But it gave a boost to Republicans, both in Wisconsin and nationally, who have argued the coronavirus pandemic doesn't call for increased use of voting by mail this year, including in November.
More than a dozen states have delayed their primaries or canceled in-person voting in favor of mail ballots. But Wisconsin refused to move its April 7 primary date despite the closing of many polling places and a last-minute clamor for absentee ballots. The coronavirus has infected more than 2,000 people there.
Primary dates: When are the 2020 presidential election primaries?
Federal Judge William Conley criticized state officials last week for not delaying the election and said voters should be allowed to mail in absentee votes for six more days. As it stands, ballots need to be postmarked by April 7.
The Democratic presidential primary is the marquee race on the ballot, but elections also are scheduled for state Supreme Court and offices across the state, including Milwaukee mayor and Milwaukee County executive.
After a federal appeals court refused to intercede, the Republican National Committee and the state's GOP-controlled legislature asked the U.S. Supreme Court to block Conley's order from being implemented.
"Requiring a state to permit unlimited absentee voting for almost a week after election day presents significant dangers to election integrity, voter confidence and the orderly administration of an election that already has strained state resources, due to the difficult circumstances associated with COVID-19," attorney Patrick Strawbridge argued.
Democrats responded that without additional time for voters to make their choices, some who would prefer to stay indoors instead would venture out to the polls, risking their health.
"If voters are not confident their absentee ballots will be counted, this will drive more people to vote in person on election day, thereby increasing the risks of community spread through polling places in cities and towns throughout Wisconsin," attorney Marc Elias responded.
The skirmish represents a microcosm of the broader battle leading up to this fall's presidential election, in which the coronavirus could drastically affect turnout.
Democrats have used the surge in coronavirus illnesses and deaths to push for funding that would help states move toward greater absentee and mail-in voting. They believe such changes would give voters greater access and protect poll workers from COVID-19.
Republicans have pushed back on those proposals. President Donald Trump last week acknowledged that could lead to "levels of voting that, if you ever agreed to it, you’d never have a Republican elected in this country again.” | <urn:uuid:ed6cc5f1-27d9-4620-858f-eaeb792b7e92> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.lcsun-news.com/story/news/politics/2020/04/06/supreme-court-coronavirus-pandemic-voting-mail-wisconsin/2956183001/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00467.warc.gz | en | 0.963666 | 892 | 1.507813 | 2 |
Click on a directory to enter that directory. Click on a file to display its revision history and to get a chance to display diffs between revisions.
Current directory: [cvs.NetBSD.org] / src / regress / sys / crypto / cast128
Current tag: mjf-devfs2
|File||Rev.||Age||Author||Last log entry|
|Makefile (in the Attic) [Hide]||1.5||19 years||lukem||branches: 1.5.86; some makefile de-linting - list NOxxx and LDSTATIC= assignmen...|
|casttest.c (in the Attic) [Hide]||1.6||17 years||perry||branches: 1.6.80; de-__P, remove obsolete "register" declarations.| | <urn:uuid:19511c1d-effb-462b-b922-dc1aa3d96422> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/src/regress/sys/crypto/cast128/?hideattic=0&sortby=date&only_with_tag=mjf-devfs2 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00275.warc.gz | en | 0.685356 | 188 | 1.523438 | 2 |
Skipp (sukippu) in Japanese
Skipp in Katakana
Skipp in Romaji
Skipp in Hiragana
The name Skipp in Japanese Katakana is スキップ which in romaji is sukippu. Katakana is the standard translation for names into Japanese, Skipp in Japanese Hiragana, the non-standard translation for names into Japanese, is すきっぷ.
This translation was provided by our comprehensive database of existing names, which is derived from Hepburn romanization, the most widely used-used system of romanization for the Japanese language.
Translate another name into Japanese Katakana
Type your first or last name into the field below to get your name in Japanese Katanana, Hiragana, and Romaji. | <urn:uuid:0dd1d32d-ab26-430e-91b9-5a4fed29b830> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://yourkatakana.com/letter-s-names/skipp-sukippu/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572304.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816120802-20220816150802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.88814 | 188 | 1.9375 | 2 |
1. 11. 2020 | Catalogue of companies
VŠB – Technical University of Ostrava – is the fourth oldest institution of higher learning in the Czech Republic. Its predecessor was the Mining School in Příbram which came into existence by the emperor’s decree in 1849. In 1945, the Mining University moved to Ostrava and since than it has been paying a key role in the development and restructuring of Northern Moravia and Silesia.
At the beginning of the 21st century VŠB-Technical University is undergoing dynamic development both in the process of education and in the research and development activities carried out in cooperation with the industrial and business sphere. Nowadays, with over 20,000 students studying bachelor, master and doctoral accredited programs at seven faculties, the school is the fourth largest university in the Czech Republic.
The entry of the Czech Republic into the European Union is closely connected with the harmonization of study programs within the European area of higher education and in the effort to participate in European research programs. The changes in the structured model of education at the University are carried out in accordance with the Bologna Declaration and the European Credit Transfer System (ECTS) has been implemented, enabling the mobility of students and teaching staff in the broader terms of European education programs. The University, as one of the first universities within the Republic, awards the Diploma Supplement
VŠB – Technical University of Ostrava is a modern institution of higher learning offering university education in technical and economic branches of study based on creative inquiry. Nevertheless, also traditional branches of study survive, and thus their monopoly position in the Czech Republic is maintained. At the Faculty of Mining and Geology, the preparation of university educated professionals in the field of Mining Engineering is ensured, while at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering there are professionals in the field of Machines for Mining and Treating Commercial Raw Materials. At the Faculty of Civil Engineering, professionals are educated in the field of Mining and Underground Engineering. All these activities are carried out in close cooperation with mining companies, state administration mining bodies and the producers of mining equipment. The evidence of which is, among other things, also the fact that the University is a member of the association “Česká dobývací technika” (Czech Mining Technology Association of Companies). | <urn:uuid:562c919d-1a55-4995-b338-ab12be469ae7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.csok.cz/article/vsb-c30411 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.949578 | 481 | 1.617188 | 2 |
Have you ever had a feeling that you can’t quite explain? A feeling that seems to come out of nowhere and makes you act in ways that are unfamiliar or uncomfortable? If so, then you have experienced transference. Transference is a psychological phenomenon that often occurs in therapy, but can also happen outside of the therapeutic setting. In this blog post, we will explore what transference psychology is, how it develops, and how therapists deal with it. We will also hear from experts on the topic to get their insights on transference and countertransference.
- 1 Understanding Transference Psychology
- 2 Knowing About Transference
- 3 Unfolding Transference
- 4 Explaining Transference in Therapy
- 5 Dealing With Transference
- 6 Overcoming Transference
- 7 Hearing From Experts
- 8 Conclusion
- 9 A Word From Therapy Mantra
Understanding Transference Psychology
In order to understand transference, it is important to first understand the concept of transference psychology. Transference psychology is the study of the way we unconsciously redirect our feelings towards other people. It is the study of how we transfer our feelings and emotions onto other people. This includes not only our relationships with friends and family, but also our relationships with therapists.
Basic Principles of Transference
There are three basic principles of transference psychology:
- The first principle is that the feelings we have towards others are not always based on reality.
- The second principle is that these feelings are often a reflection of our own inner conflicts and desires.
- The third principle is that these feelings are often transferred onto the people we are closest to.
History And Development
The term “transference” was first coined by Sigmund Freud in his book, “The Interpretation of Dreams.” At the time, Freud believed that transference was a purely unconscious phenomenon. However, over time, it has been shown that transference can be both conscious and unconscious.
Knowing About Transference
Transference is a psychological phenomenon that refers to the way we unconsciously redirect feelings we have for people in our lives onto our therapist. For example, if you have a strong emotional attachment to your father, you may begin to feel those same emotions towards your therapist. Or, if you had an abusive parent, you may experience feelings of anger or resentment towards your therapist. However, transference is important because it can help us understand our relationships with other people. It can also give us insight into our own psychological makeup.
Types of Transference
There are three main types of transference: positive, negative, and erotic.
- Positive transference occurs when we have positive feelings towards our therapist, such as admiration, love, or trust.
- Negative transference happens when we have negative feelings towards our therapist, such as anger, resentment, or fear.
- Erotic transference refers to any type of sexual feelings that we may have towards our therapists, such as desire, lust, or obsession.
Example of Transference
- Positive Transference: An example of positive transference would be if you feel an intense admiration for your therapist and begin to view them as a role model.
- Negative Transference: An example of negative transference would be if you feel angry and resentful towards your therapist and begin to view them as the enemy.
- Erotic Transference: An example of erotic transference would be if you feel sexually attracted to your therapist and begin to view them as a potential romantic partner.
To understand transference, it is important to understand how it unfolds over time. Transference typically begins with an awareness of the therapist’s physical appearance. This is followed by an emotional attachment to the therapist, which can lead to feelings of love, hate, or obsession. Finally, the patient will transfer their feelings onto the therapist’s behavior.
Is It Conscious or Unconscious
There is no right or wrong answer when it comes to whether transference is conscious or unconscious. However, both the therapist and the patient need to be aware of it.
- If transference is unconscious, the therapist may not be aware of the way they are being perceived by the patient. This can lead to misunderstandings and conflict.
- On the other hand, if transference is conscious, both the therapist and the patient can work together to explore those feelings.
Transference Vs. Projection
It is important to note that transference is not the same as projection. Projection occurs when we unconsciously dump our feelings onto someone else.
- For example, if I am feeling angry and frustrated, I may project those feelings onto my partner and accuse them of being angry and frustrated with me.
- Transference, on the other hand, refers to the way we unconsciously redirect our feelings towards someone else.
Transference And Blank Screen
In some cases, the therapist may choose to act as a “blank screen.” This means that they do not react to the patient’s transference in any way. By remaining neutral, the therapist allows the patient to explore those feelings without any interference.
Explaining Transference in Therapy
There is no one-size-fits-all explanation for transference. However, the therapist should take the time to explore those feelings with the patient. This can be a helpful way to gain insight into the patient’s past and current relationships.
Different Types of Transference in Therapy
Not all transferences will be the same. The therapist may see a variety of different transferences throughout treatment. It is important to be aware of these different types and to address them as they come up. There are four main types of transference in therapy:
- Identification: This occurs when the patient identifies with the therapist. They may see the therapist as a role model or as someone they want to be like.
- Idealization: This occurs when the patient views the therapist as perfect and infallible. They may idealize the therapist to the point where they are no longer able to see them as a real person.
- Devaluation: This occurs when the patient views the therapist as inferior or unworthy of respect. They may say things like “the therapist doesn’t know anything” or “they’re just trying to help.”
- Projective Identification: This occurs when the patient projects their feelings onto the therapist. For example, if the patient is feeling angry and frustrated, they may project those feelings onto the therapist and accuse them of being angry and frustrated with them.
Is Transference Good in Therapy
There is no right or wrong answer when it comes to transference. However, in some cases, it can be helpful for the therapist and the patient.
- If the therapist is aware of the transference and understands how it works, they can use it to help the patient gain insight into their past relationships.
- On the other hand, if the patient is aware of the transference, they can use it as a tool to understand their current relationships.
Does It Happen Outside of Therapy
While transference typically occurs in the context of therapy, it can also happen outside of therapy. For example, a patient may become attracted to their teacher or their boss. Also, any time we have a relationship with someone else, we are susceptible to transference.
NOTE: It is important to be aware of these situations and to address them if they arise.
Dealing With Transference
There are several ways that the therapist can deal with transference. In some cases, the therapist may choose to ignore it altogether. Alternatively, they may choose to confront it head-on. It is important to remember that there is no right or wrong way to deal with transference.
What Is Countertransference
Countertransference is the term used to describe the therapist’s reaction to the patient’s transference. For example, if the patient is transferring feelings of love onto the therapist, the therapist may feel overwhelmed and elated. Alternatively, if the patient is transferring feelings of anger or hatred, the therapist may feel angry or irritated.
How Do Therapists Deal With Transference
- First and foremost, it is important to be aware of it. Therapists should take the time to explore those feelings with the patient. This can help to prevent any misunderstandings or conflicts from arising.
- In some cases, the therapist may choose to confront the transference head-on. This can be a helpful way to explore those feelings with the patient.
- Alternatively, the therapist may decide to ignore it altogether. This can be a risky move, as it can lead to further confusion and conflict.
Transference can be a difficult thing to overcome. However, there are a few tips for both therapists and clients.
- Address it head-on: This is the best way to deal with transference. When the therapist addresses it openly, it allows both of them to explore those feelings safely and healthily.
- Set boundaries: The therapist can also set boundaries to help keep the transference in check. For example, they may ask the patient to refrain from discussing personal issues with them outside of therapy.
- Talk about it in supervision: If the therapist is feeling overwhelmed or confused by the transference, they can talk about it with their supervisor. This can be a helpful way to get some outside perspective.
- Be aware of your feelings and how they may be impacting your interactions with others.
- Talk to someone about the way you’re feeling. This can help gain perspective on what’s going on.
- Focus on the present moment and try to stay in the here and now.
- Be patient and understanding with yourself. Remember that it takes time to overcome transference.
- Seek professional help if you feel like you’re struggling to overcome transference on your own.
Hearing From Experts
There is no one answer to the question of how to deal with transference. However, therapists and other experts have shared their thoughts on the matter. Here are a few tips from the experts:
“One of the most important things we can do as therapists is to be aware of our reactions to our patients. This includes both transference and countertransference reactions. It’s also important to be aware of how our reactions might be impacting the treatment process. If we’re feeling overwhelmed or elated by a patient’s transferences, it’s important to explore those feelings with the patient. Doing so can help us to gain a better understanding of their past and current relationships.”
-Shannon McFarland, LCSW
“Transference is a powerful force that can be very helpful or very harmful in therapy. It is a natural part of the therapy process. It’s important for therapists to be aware of it and to deal with it effectively. I typically explore transference with my patients and try to understand its origins. I also encourage my patients to be aware of their feelings and how they might be impacting their interactions with others.”
-Dr. Crystal I. Lee
To illustrate the concept of transference, let’s take a look at a case study.
John is a patient who has been seeing a therapist for about six months. Throughout that time, he has developed feelings for his therapist. John describes these feelings as “intense” and “overwhelming.” He says that he can’t help but feel attracted to her and that he fantasizes about being with her.
The therapist should take the time to explore those feelings with the patient. This can be a helpful way to gain insight into the patient’s past and current relationships. Additionally, it can help the therapist to understand why John is feeling attracted to them. By exploring those feelings, the therapist can help John to understand and manage them.
There are many helpful resources on transference available to therapists, clients, and the general public. The following are some of the best:
- The American Psychological Association (APA) has several resources on transference, including an overview, definition, and types of transference. They also provide helpful clinical examples and ways to deal with transference in therapy.
- The Association for Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies (ABCT) has a section on their website devoted to transference, which includes an overview, definition, types of transference, and clinical examples.
- The International Transference Network provides an online forum for therapists to share their experiences with transference, as well as several articles and resources.
- The Society for Psychotherapy Research has a resource page on transference that includes an overview, definition, types of transference, and clinical examples.
- The American Psychiatric Association has a fact sheet on transference that provides an overview and definition.
- The American Psychological Association has a fact sheet on transference that provides an overview and definition.
- The British Psychological Society has a guide to understanding transference that includes an overview, definition, and types of transference.
Books For General Public
There are several books on transference available to therapists and clients. Some of the best include:
- Transference by S. E. Goldberg
- The Transference Neurosis by Otto Kernberg
- Transference in Psychotherapy by Philip M. Bromberg
- Understanding and Treating Transference by Jon G. Allen
- Dealing with Transference: A Clinician’s Guide by Jeanne Watson Driscoll and Lawrence J. Friedman
Transference is a complex phenomenon that can be difficult to understand and deal with. However, it is an important part of the therapeutic process and should be addressed openly and honestly by both therapist and client. There are many helpful resources available on transference, both professional and client-oriented, which can provide valuable information and guidance for those working through this difficult but important process.
A Word From Therapy Mantra
Your mental health — Your psychological, emotional, and social well-being — has an impact on every aspect of your life. Positive mental health essentially allows you to effectively deal with life’s everyday challenges.
At TherapyMantra, we have a team of therapists who provide affordable online therapy to assist you with issues such as depression, anxiety, stress, workplace Issues, addiction, relationship, OCD, LGBTQ, and PTSD. You can book a free therapy or download our free Android or iOS app. | <urn:uuid:21bebd1b-3879-4061-927f-d0ccdda0dba4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://therapymantra.co/terms/transference-psychology/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572192.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815145459-20220815175459-00078.warc.gz | en | 0.944763 | 3,009 | 3.140625 | 3 |
The focus of this process is to surface assumptions and provide a framework to support dialogue about those assumptions.
- Invite learners to list assumptions about a topic individually. Ensure that learners understand that assumptions are things they believe to be true about a topic without proof.
- Have learners choose one that most guides their actions or responses and record their choice on a sentence strip in 8–12 words so that it will be visible from a distance.
- Place learners into groups of 4-6 and invite them to post their assumption strips on the wall in designated locations in the room.
- Model the inquiry frame for group dialogue:
Individual selects one of the posted assumptions and asks:
- I’m curious about this assumption: ______________
- Whose is it?
- Help me to understand. What are some reasons you hold this to be important?
5. In each group, individuals inquire about posted assumptions in round-robin fashion.
- Sentence strips (ledger paper cut lengthwise)
- Painter’s tape or sticky tack
Group learners and ask them to collaboratively list as many assumptions related to a topic as possible. After a few minutes, ask them to select 1-3 assumptions. Invite them to inquire about the assumptions they chose and identify implications of these assumptions.
Intervene and redirect whenever the inquiry begins to sound like interrogation and disbelief. The inquiry tone and exploration of thinking is important to facilitating dialogue.
Adapted from: https://www.thinkingcollaborative.com/as-resources | <urn:uuid:a907bbd9-f83b-4219-9946-51f643cee0f4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.stf.sk.ca/professional-resources/stf-professional-learning/curriculum-resources/process-cards/facilitating-0 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572033.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814113403-20220814143403-00266.warc.gz | en | 0.927197 | 358 | 4.125 | 4 |
Citrix and Microsoft have teamed up to bring you the Hands on Lab. What is Hands on Lab, you ask? The Hands on Lab is a pre-built environment / training session that is interactive and totally usable for testing and seeing the combined power of XenDesktop 4 and Microsoft Hyper-V,” revealed Citix’s Tedd Fox. “Citrix and Microsoft made available the Citrix XenDesktop 4 on Hyper-V R2 "Hands on Lab". Users need only top connect to Virtual Lab website via a browser, preferably IE6, IE7 or IE8 and start testing XenDesktop 4 on Hyper-V R2 almost immediately. The time that testers will need to wait for the XenDesktop 4 on Hyper-V R2 virtual machine to boot up and connect, doesn’t even begin to compare with the actual time and effort that goes into putting together a test environment.” In the video embedded at the bottom of this screen, users will be able to see a presentation of the Citrix XenDesktop 4 on Hyper-V R2 Virtual Lab and get an idea of what awaits them after the jump.
More info: Hands On Lab | <urn:uuid:801b82ac-a8d0-4ac7-9661-1ffb19905807> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.ditii.com/citrix-xendesktop-4-on-hyper-v-r2-hands-on-lab-via-microsoft-virtual-labs/38306/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280483.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00294-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.894367 | 242 | 1.703125 | 2 |
What the Hobby Lobby Decision Means for People with Mental Illness
The Supreme Court ruled 5-4 in Burwell v. Hobby Lobby that an employer does not need to cover contraceptives if it conflicts with a sincerely held religious belief. Some are saying it's a victory for religions liberty, others say it's a startling setback for women. The truth is probably somewhere in the middle. But this is a column about mental illness, and what the recent decision means for mental health consumers. In short, we're in danger.
What about Antidepressants?
Psychiatric medication saved my life. And it has saved the lives of many other people with mental illness. But there are some religious organizations that forbid the use of psychiatric medication like antidepressants. As Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg wrote in her dissent, "Would the exemption . . . extend to employers with religiously grounded objections to blood transfusions (Jehovah's Witnesses); antidepressants (Scientologists); medications derived from pigs, including anesthesia, intravenous fluids, and pills coated with gelatin (certain Muslims, Jews, and Hindus); and vaccinations[?] . . . Not much help there for the lower courts bound by today's decision."
It's not just the Scientologists who forbid the use of psychiatric medication. I buried a friend who would have benefited from those medications because his church frequently preached that mental illness was demonic and the cure was a daily dose of Jesus. Medical science had no place in this church--I seriously saw them tell a woman with one leg to have faith and pray for a new one. This church and its satellite churches include several thousand people--should they be allowed to deny lifesaving medication because it conflicts with their sincerely held beliefs? Should they be allowed to refuse to hire or even fire someone with a mental illness because of their sincerely held beliefs?
Mental Health Coverage is an Uphill Battle
Prior to Obamacare, individuals hospitalized for mental illness were often denied coverage. In my case, I could not get insurance so I used up all my assets and went on Medicaid. Gina Eckart, of Midtown Community Mental Health Center in Indianapolis, once told me, “Parity for mental health and addiction treatment has been an uphill battle. Most insurance companies do not offer extensive coverage for outpatient care, requiring co-pays of 50 percent or more and limited visits. This is, of course, very different from the standards for visits to primary care physicians and other healthcare specialists."
Even the Mental Health Parity Act of 1996, which prevented insurance companies from offering lower mental health benefits than physical health benefits, did not entirely alleviate the problem. According to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, there is no prohibition against increasing co-pays or limiting visits, imposing limits on the number of covered visits even if there is no comparable limit in medical or surgical benefits, or having higher co-pays for mental benefits than physical or surgical benefits. In addition to this, there was no requirement mental health benefits were offered.
Obamacare is an effort to fix that, especially the clause that eliminates pre-existing condition denial. We, as mental health consumers, have to stay informed as to how it and future court rulings will impact us.
Why Even Birth Control Matters in This
I attend church with several people in the mental health profession. One told me that some psychiatric medications are so notorious for causing birth defects that doctors write prescriptions for birth control as standard operating procedure. Some mental illnesses are made worse by hormones--I'm an example--and birth control pills are used to manage this. There are many medical reasons for birth control. I'm one of many women who uses birth control for medical reasons. Medically necessary birth control should be covered like any other drug--period.
Ginsburg wrote that the Supreme Court of the United States may be headed into a minefield. One of those mines is treatment for mental illness. Where do we draw the line between religious liberty and medical necessity?
Oberg, B. (2014, July 1). What the Hobby Lobby Decision Means for People with Mental Illness, HealthyPlace. Retrieved on 2022, August 10 from https://www.healthyplace.com/blogs/borderline/2014/07/what-the-hobby-lobby-decision-means-for-people-with-mental-illness
Author: Becky Oberg
Spot on! And is it really anyone's business what and why we use medications? According to some people it is.
I also take the BC pill for psychiatric reasons- I have had PMS that put me in the hospital. Now I only get 3 periods a year, I know when they are coming- it is a lot better. I hope this ruling is not a slippery slope.
And yes, I would love to have some of my vitamins and supplements paid for- but I realize that anything that is not FDA approved is not going to get paid for any time soon.
I guess people can do what those of us who have suffered symptoms of mental illness and NOT done well with meds and have healed our brains with natural micronutrients. WE PAY FOR THEM BECAUSE INSURANCE WONT!!!!
Pharmaceutical drugs prescribed to me made me suicidal and I almost lost my life. I found out by tests that I paid for MYSELF that I had a MTHFR mutation that won't allow for certain enzymes to convert vitamin B which is essential to our mental health. I don't have a choice but to pay for the formula out of my own pocket that has saved my life and also the other 100,000 people over the last 18 years. When I was hospitalized it cost my insurance company well over 80k and they paid it and I guess are willing to pay for 1000's of dollars of meds every month but won't pay for a $49 supplement on a monthly basis. I took control over my own health and just realize that no one owes me anything for free.
While I have no problem with companies not paying for things if it doesn't agree with their moral values I understand how it may not seem fair, but whoever said life was fair. | <urn:uuid:17bcf204-0f1c-4d51-8ac9-7d87d8338382> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.healthyplace.com/blogs/borderline/2014/07/what-the-hobby-lobby-decision-means-for-people-with-mental-illness | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00674.warc.gz | en | 0.968559 | 1,256 | 2 | 2 |
When Hong Kong’s summer of protests began in June, the city was so shocked by police unleashing 150 canisters of tear gas and using their batons, it helped bring two million people into the streets to demonstrate again and denounce police brutality.
Four months of rolling protests later, they used nearly 10 times as many tear gas rounds in 24 hours in a futile bid to control the city as China celebrated 70 years of communist rule last Tuesday. That day police shot a protester with live ammunition for the first time, seriously injuring the teenager. Three days later another schoolboy was shot in the thigh.
There have been other serious casualties, including a journalist blinded in one eye, and more than 1,100 people have been treated at hospitals for injuries from the protests.
Water cannons laced with dye, beanbags, rubber and sponge-tipped bullets, pepper spray, baton charges and mass arrests have all become common. Gangs of thugs accused of triad links have also attacked demonstrators.
Deepening violence has been central to the long standoff between the city’s authorities and its people. Police brutality has fuelled public anger, feeding the protest movement, and as both sides became more entrenched their tactics have escalated.
Protesters’ arms and armour are rudimentary compared to police, but they too have become more aggressive as the conflict has deepened, and their tactics have diversified.
They have thrown rocks, bricks and molotov cocktails, used poles and slingshots for fighting, set fire to businesses, street barricades, and metro stations – targeted because the network closes to stop people gathering for protests. They have vandalised the city’s legislature, and damaged businesses thought to be pro-China.
Protesters have also attacked police and people suspected of being undercover officers or mainland spies. On Friday night a group beat a plainclothes policeman, then threw a molotov cocktail that briefly set the man on fire.
It is a dramatic transformation for a city known for its civic values and commitment to “peaceful, rational, non-violent” protest, or wo lei fei in Cantonese shorthand. During the last major protests five years ago – the umbrella movement – some demonstrators even used their totemic umbrellas to shield officers from rain.
And hanging over this spiralling showdown are fears the Chinese authorities could lose patience and intervene.
Barely veiled threats of state violence issued from the mainland so far include parading paramilitary troops just across the border, releasing a video showing the Chinese garrison in Hong Kong in urban combat and denouncing protesters as terrorists.
China’s ambassador to the UK said Beijing would not hesitate to intervene if it thought it was necessary. “If the situation in Hong Kong becomes uncontrollable by Hong Kong government, the central government will not sit on their hands and watch,” Liu Xiaoming told the BBC’s Newsnight.
‘They might have to kill someone, or be killed’
For now, both Beijing and Hong Kong authorities appear to be relying on the city’s police, giving them greater powers by invoking sweeping colonial era laws, and easing constrictions on how they operate.
Leaked documents show they loosened guidelines on the use of lethal force on the eve of the student being shot. Changes including removing a line that said “officers will be accountable for their own actions”.
Even before that attack, a senior police commander told journalists officers were concerned that escalating violence would end in deaths on the streets, CNN reported.
“Our officers are worried that violence has got to such a level that they might have to kill someone or be killed themselves,” the commander said. “This pressure has become extremely dangerous.”
But protesters, far from being cowed by violence, arrests, or even the shootings, are promising to die if needed in what they see as a battle for the soul of their city.
“There are bound to be deaths and injuries in every revolution. We’re born into this era and if there is a crackdown, we would resist till the last moment,” one demonstrator told the Guardian. He asked not to be named for fear of arrest or reprisals.
“If you want to overturn a regime, it’s hard to stay peaceful. Not everyone has to fight, but everyone can use whatever means they have to help,” he said.
Determination and deadlock
Police brutality is not only strengthening protestors’ resolve, it has also swelled their numbers. Between the violent clashes, people have repeatedly turned out in their millions to protest heavy-handed policing; an independent inquiry has become a key demand at demonstrations.
The police have arrested more than 2,000 people, some as young as 12, the oldest in their 70s. The sight of injured protesters and mass detentions have spurred on others including many Hong Kong residents who say they previously shunned politics, to turn out in support.
“Before when people were gathering and they deployed so many riot police, some people would try to leave. Now they don’t,” said Cathy Lam, 24, part of a crowd of local residents from West Kowloon who waited hours to support protesters being arrested on a bus there. “You can see the conflict between police and citizens escalating day by day.”
There is a risk that violence – and the damage and shutdowns linked to chaotic protests – may alienate supporters, both in Hong Kong and overseas, and provide pro-Beijing critics with ammunition. Chinese state media widely reports examples of vandalism and attacks by protesters.
Yet so far, protesters have largely contained both the extent and focus of their violence, directing it at symbols of the government they are opposing. While authorities have denounced them as rioters, there is little of the random smashing and looting that characterises most riots.
“The so-called vandalism they have done is really exceptional, because here it is only focused on targets related to ‘injustice’ they see,” said professor Lawrence Ka-ki Ho, a specialist in policing and public order management at the Education University of Hong Kong.
“Most vandalism would have indiscriminate targets, but their targets are the metro stations, the police stations – not the luxurious shops, not M&S.”
For the police, by contrast, escalating violence has been disastrous, both sapping their support and bolstering opposition. Yet once authorities or protesters are locked into violence, it becomes difficult for either side to step away.
Negotiations to end the stand-off, which would always be fraught, are particularly problematic in Hong Kong, both because there are no real channels of communication between authorities and protesters, and also because the movement doesn’t have any identified leaders.
This is in part because of sweeping round-ups of prominent figures during past protests, and part reflection of the grassroots nature of the movement which has taken as its motto ‘be like water’ – fast-moving, powerful, but hard to grasp or block.
So even if city authorities want to negotiate, it is not clear if there is anyone with power to call people off the streets.
“Many protests do actually generate some kind of reform movement, and its notable in Hong Kong that they have repealed the extradition bill [which first sparked the protests],” said Kristian Gleditsch, regius professor of political science at the University of Essex.
“The problem could be that if mobilisation has gone quite far, and many activists are now ready to use violence, these kind of concessions will be seen as too little, too late. And if the protest groups are not strongly organised, there may not be a hierarchy or leadership figures who can control them or negotiate with authorities.”
Protesters in turn feel they have no option but to stay on the streets despite the escalation in violence. Hong Kong’s unusual set-up offers civic rights and rule of law but the government is not democratically elected, so public protest is the only way the city’s people can express their political will.
“We have access to the internet, journalists can report on the situation live, we have rule of law. We are not totally autocratic. But at the same time our system is not totally democratic. We are not totally open or totally closed,” said Ho. “This hybrid [system] explains the dynamic and the deadlock we have seen.” | <urn:uuid:c178550f-9dd4-47cc-a7c4-f6add0f522a4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/oct/06/a-battle-for-the-soul-of-the-city-why-violence-has-spiralled-in-the-hong-kong-protests | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573744.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819161440-20220819191440-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.968165 | 1,758 | 2.421875 | 2 |
April 23, 2010
Passwords Are Passé But Biometrics Are Not Mobile
Writing in the International Journal of Electronic Marketing and Retailing, researchers from the US and Germany point out an inherent flaw in the financial industry adopting biometric logins to boost security in that the advent of mobile devices, such as netbooks, PDAs, and smart phones might make biometric logins impossible when one is on the move.
Biometric logins that use fingerprints, voice recognition, or identify you based on how you type look set to replace conventional passwords for accessing online banking and credit card services, online payment companies and even internet stockbrokers. However, smart phones and other portable devices do not currently have the sophistication to be adapted easily for biometric technology. Moreover, users are likely to be reluctant to carry yet another device and its associated electrical charger along with their smart phone simply to login to their bank account when not at their desktop computer.James Pope of the College of Business Administration, at the University of Toledo, Ohio working with Dieter Bartmann of the University of Regensburg, Germany, explain that the security of online financial transactions is becoming an increasing problem, especially as security loopholes in login systems and web browsers emerge repeatedly. Simply logging in with a password looks set to become technically pass©.
"Passwords have been widely used because of their simplicity of implementation and use," the researchers say, "but are now regarded as providing minimal security." Moreover, as repeated scare stories about hacking and identity theft pervade the media, consumers are becoming increasingly concerned about online security. Further development of e-commerce and banking will be stifled if the issues of fraud and identity theft are not addressed. While biometric readers are being adapted for desktop computers they are seriously lagging behind in portability and compatibility with smart phones and other mobile computing devices.
"Securing online transactions with biometric methods" in International Journal of Electronic Marketing and Retailing, 2010, 3, 132-144
On the Net: | <urn:uuid:f8385d37-dc21-4ad6-9011-807f0cc58894> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.redorbit.com/news/business/1854690/passwords_are_pass_but_biometrics_are_not_mobile/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280891.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00154-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.939955 | 408 | 2.46875 | 2 |
Anton Kazimirovich Suschkevich
BiographyFirst let us note that Anton Kazimirovich Suschkevich's family name is transliterated in several different ways. These include Sushkevich, Suskevic, and Suschkewitsch, in addition to the form Suschkevich that we shall use throughout this biography. His father, Kazimir Suschkevich, was a railway engineer. This seems to have been of sufficiently high status that the family were quite well-off and certainly able to afford a top quality education for their son. As he was growing up, Suschkevich had two passions, one being mathematics and the other being music. Of course, this was not unusual for many top mathematicians struggled to choose between mathematics and music in their youth. Those like Suschkevich who chose mathematics almost all continued their interest in music throughout their lives. At age seventeen, when he had completed his schooling in Russia, Suschkevich still wanted to keep both his interest in mathematics and his interest in music open. He went to Berlin in 1906 and there he studied mathematics at the University of Berlin while, at the same time, he studied the cello at the Stern Conservatory in that city. This famous music school had been founded by Julius Stern (1820-1883) in 1850 and when Suschkevich studied there it was located in the Berlin Philharmonic concert hall on Bernburger Strasse in Berlin-Kreuzberg. In fact he was highly proficient in two instruments, both the cello and the piano.
At the University of Berlin, Suschkevich had many talented teachers. He attended lectures by Georg Frobenius, Issai Schur and Hermann Schwarz. For example, he attended the two courses Differential calculus and Integral calculus by Hermann Schwarz, Number theory by Frobenius, and Algebra by Schur. After two years studying at both the University and at the Stern Conservatory, he made the decision that he would concentrate on mathematics. He finished his studies at the Conservatory in 1908 but continued studying at the University until 1911. Examples of courses he attended at this stage in his career are: Determinants, by Frobenius in the summer of 1908; Algebra I and Algebra II by Frobenius in 1908-09; Ordinary differential equations, by Schur in the summer of 1909; Chebyshev's Theorem, by Frobenius in November 1909; Bernoulli numbers by Frobenius in the summer of 1910, and Matrices, by Frobenius in the winter of 1910-11. He also studied applied mathematics courses by Max Planck: General mechanics, in the winter 1909-1910, Mechanics of deformable bodies, in the summer of 1910, Theory of electricity and magnetism, in the winter of 1910-1911, and Theory of optics, in the summer of 1911. We should note two things of particular importance to Suschkevich's future mathematical studies from this time in Berlin. One was the lectures by Frobenius whose approach, putting groups in an abstract setting yet not seeing abstraction as an end in itself, had a large influence on Suschkevich. Frobenius took this approach because he felt that it led to greater clarity and precision. The second thing to note from Suschkevich's time in Berlin is his meeting with Emmy Noether. After Suschkevich returned to Russia, he continued to correspond with Emmy Noether for many years.
After graduating from the University of Berlin in 1911, Suschkevich returned to Russia. Of course he had experienced a top quality education in Berlin but at this time foreign qualifications were not recognised in Russia so Suschkevich had to take a Russian degree. He studied at St Petersburg University, graduating in 1913. He had planned to return to Germany to study further but, in the summer of 1914, international tensions grew considerably following the assassination of the Austrian Archduke Ferdinand by a Bosnian Serb. By the end of July Russia was mobilising its forces and by August 1914 Russia and Germany were at war, ending Suschkevich's hopes of returning to Germany. Instead he went to Kharkov (now Kharkiv) in the Ukraine where he began teaching in secondary schools. However, he had not given up on his aim of becoming a university professor and so, in parallel with his work as a mathematics teacher, he studied for his Master's Degree (equivalent to a Ph.D.). He submitted his dissertation to Kharkov University in 1917 and was awarded the degree. However, the Russian Revolution made the following years extremely difficult. Ukraine declared itself an independent state in January 1918 but an agreement between the Bolshevik government and Germany saw German troops occupy Ukraine. The Bolsheviks established Kharkov as the capital of the Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic in 1919 while Kiev was the capital for those trying to establish an independent Ukraine. Suschkevich began teaching at Kharkov University in 1918 and, at the same time, he began working towards his doctorate (comparable in level with the D.Sc. or habilitation). He writes in that dissertation :-
My research in this subject started in 1918 and, consequently, took place in very difficult times, often interrupted for longer or shorter periods of time for reasons beyond my control.In 1921 Suschkevich went to Voronezh, in western Russia, where he began teaching at the university. This city was the main town of the district in which his hometown of Borisoglebsk was situated (about 200 km away). Voronezh University had been founded three years earlier by staff and students from the University of Tartu who had left following the German occupation of Estonia. Suschkevich submitted his 80-page dissertation Theory of operations as the general theory of groups (Russian) to Voronezh University in 1922. It was not examined until 1926 when it was approved by Sergei Bernstein and Otto Yulyevich Schmidt. The dissertation contained a remarkable study of semigroups and other generalisations of groups which is described in detail in . The Introduction reviews the axiomatic approach to group theory and generalisations up to 1914. The outbreak of World War I in that year prevented him having access to any books and papers written after that date. He discusses the work of William Burnside, Leonard E Dickson, Walther von Dyck, Georg Frobenius, Otto Hölder, Edward Huntington, Leopold Kronecker, George A Miller, Eliakim H Moore, Eugen Netto, James Pierpont, J-A de Séguier (1862-1937), Heinrich Weber and Alfred Young. The dissertation contains a wealth of results in the theory of semigroups and quasigroups. We refer the reader to for a detailed discussion of the contents but we give one example of the remarkable nature of these contributions. This is in Chapter 6 entitled 'Non-uniquely invertible groups' which is devoted to the study of semigroups. In this Chapter there is an excellent contribution to the major structure theorem for algebraic semigroup theory which today is known as the Rees Theorem (named after David Rees) which classifies completely 0-simple semigroups. The authors of explain that:-
... the content of this dissertation [is] surprisingly rich both in results and ideas. It is not an exaggeration to say that it was ahead of its time by 30-40 years. It contains ideas and results in the theory of semigroups, the theory of quasigroups and the theory of groupoids which have been fully appreciated and developed only in the post war years. Many of these results were rediscovered and only rarely the authors of such results noticed that they had a predecessor - A K Suschkevich. Of course, the reason for it is that it rarely occurred to anyone that in the twenties and thirties, results so near to the spirit of the modern theory of semigroups could be published.While at Voronezh University, Suschkevich began publishing in a number of areas. For example he published On a theorem of Weierstrass (Russian) (1923) on analysis, On methods of teaching mathematics in secondary school (Russian) (1926) on mathematical education, Über die Darstellung der eindeutig nicht umkehrbaren Gruppen mittelst der verallgemeinerten Substitutionen (1926) and Sur quelques cas des groupes finis sans la loi de l'inversion univoque (1927) on groups, and he produced the set of lithographed lecture notes Theory of definite integrals (Russian) (1929). In 1928 he published the 20-page paper Über die endlichen Gruppen ohne das Gesetz der eindeutigen Umkehrbarkeit in Mathematische Annalen. Christopher Hollings writes :-
Early on in their study, semigroups tended to be approached from one of two different directions: either by the dropping of selected axioms from a group, or by dropping an entire operation (namely, addition) from a ring. Judging by the introduction to his 1928 paper, Suschkevich's approach seems to have been the latter: he states his goal as being the development of an abstract theory for certain types of finite semigroups which was analogous to that given by Wedderburn (1907) for linear algebras. However, his set-up was very much 'group-axiomatic' in spirit; he drew upon the notation of his erstwhile lecturer Frobenius (1895). Suschkevich defined his objects of study to be finite 'groups' in which the elements do not necessarily have unique inverses: the 'endliche Gruppen ohne das Gesetz der eindeutigen Umkehrbarkeit' of his title. Suschkevich's own rendering into English of 'das Gesetz der eindeutigen Umkehrbarkeit' was 'the rule of uniform reversibility'. In modern terminology, this rule is simply cancellativity: if either ac = bc or ca = cb, then a = b.In 1929 Suschkevich returned to Kharkov where he taught at the University as well as being appointed to the recently founded Ukrainian Mathematics and Mechanics Research Institute. In the same year he was appointed as a professor in the Kharkov Geodetic Institute. In 1933 he was appointed to the chair of algebra and number theory at Kharkov University. Despite the brilliance of his contributions and the remarkable development of an area many years before others realised its importance, still Suschkevich made an unfortunate error. This was in a paper he published in 1935 with the title On the extension of a semigroup to a whole group (Russian). In this paper he claimed to have proved that every cancellative semigroup can be embedded in a group. Aleksandr Gennadievich Kurosh wrote a review of the paper in which he pointed out several gaps in the proof that Suschkevich presented. In a response, Suschkevich claimed that the gaps could be easily filled and included the "theorem" in his wonderful monograph Theory of generalised groups (Russian) (1937). Anatoly Ivanovich Malcev seemed to have proved beyond doubt that Suschkevich's result was wrong when he produced an example of a cancellative semigroup which could not be embedded in a group. At first Suschkevich seemed reluctant to accept his mistake but eventually did so and removed any reference to his 1935 paper from his publication list.
We must not let this episode in any way diminish the credit that is due to Suschkevich. Other factors meant that Theory of generalised groups (Russian) failed to have the impact on the development of semigroup theory that it might otherwise have done :-
... this book is not readily available today, as there are very few copies remaining; the majority of copies were held in Kharkov, a city which changed hands several times during the Second World War, and which suffered greatly as a consequence. The unavailability of his book certainly has not helped the dissemination of Suschkevich's work.Suschkevich's contributions to mathematics extend to many other significant works in a variety of different areas. His textbook Foundations of higher algebra was published first in Russian in 1923, then in Ukrainian in 1931. Several later editions of the work in both Russian and Ukrainian appeared. Another textbook which ran to several editions in both Russian and Ukrainian was Number theory first published in 1932. He wrote several important works on the history of mathematics and also lectured on the topic. For example he produced copies of his lectures on the history of mathematics as Short Course of the History of Mathematics (Russian) (1939) and published the 214-page paper Materials for the history of algebra in Russia in the 19th century and early 20th century (Russian) (1951). He was honoured for his contributions to the history of mathematics by the Soviet Association of Science Historians who awarded him their Euler Medal in 1957. Let us mention a few of his later papers (all in Russian): Investigations on infinite substitutions (1940); On the construction of some types of groups of infinite matrices (1948); On a type of algebras of infinite matrices (1949); On an infinite algebra of triangular matrices (1950); and An algebra defined as an infinite direct sum of rings (1952).
The authors of note that:-
Anton Kazimirovich Suschkevich was an excellent lecturer who attracted many young people to this work in the field of algebra. His students work in many universities.In the obituary it is noted that:-
Despite suffering a serious illness, Anton Kazimirovich did not stop his usual duties in the last months of his life, having students come to his house. Aware that he did not have long to live, he hurried to complete the new edition of his book on number theory to which he attached great importance. Anton Kazimirovich failed to finish the task, but his intentions were known to the disciples of the deceased and the work will be completed by them. The Kharkov Mathematical Society mourns the death of leading member who has always been a sensitive friend, a great teacher and a great educator of youth.Finally, we note that Suschkevich was honoured at the '7th International Algebraic Conference in Ukraine' held in August 2009 in Kharkov which was "dedicated to the 120th anniversary of Professor Anton Kazimirovich Suschkevich".
- Anton Kazimirovich Suschkewitsch: obituary (Russian), Uspekhi Mat. Nauk 17 (2) (104) (1962), 165.
- L M Gluskin and E S Lyapin, Anton Kazimirovic Suskevic (on his seventieth birthday) (Russian), Uspekhi Mat. Nauk 14 (1959), 255-260.
- L M Gluskin and B M Schein, The theory of operations as the general theory of groups (Anton Suskevic, dissertation, Voronezh, 1922): an historical review, Semigroup Forum 4 (1972), 367-371.
- C Hollins, Anton Kazimirovich Suschkewitsch (1889-1961), Bull. British Soc. Hist. Math. 24 (3) (2009), 172-179.
- Yu I Lyubich and E M Zhmud, Anton Kazimirovich Suschkewitsch, Kharkov State University Newspaper (April 1989).
Additional Resources (show)
Written by J J O'Connor and E F Robertson
Last Update January 2014
Last Update January 2014 | <urn:uuid:920dbe6b-0b12-448f-a005-8a5e0224f317> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Suschkevich/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.971946 | 3,326 | 2.140625 | 2 |
22 Feb These Are The Best Plants to Install Right Before Spring
Springtime Landscaping in the South Florida Climate
Landscaping in Florida is extremely easy if you follow some basic tips. Our lovely climate enables a wide variety of plants to grow throughout any season. However, springtime is truly the best time of year to experience all the beautiful tropical elegance the state has to offer.
With a little bit of planning and some simple tips, you can ensure the outside of your home looks as inviting as the inside. Frank’s Lawn & Tree Service can show you how with our tips for spring plants in Miami.
Spring Forth on a New Landscaping Project
Spring represents an excellent time to spend time outside while working on your landscape. It’s not too hot yet, but you can still utilize the early warmth to help your plants flourish through this time. Spring additionally is a great time to check out your irrigation, making sure you can care for your spring plants in Miami for the dry, warm months ahead.
Vegetables and Herbs
March and April is the ideal time to plant warm-weather vegetables including:
- Sweet corn
Plant your seeds into a garden plot and utilize quality seeds. In late April or May, you can start introducing plants that love the heat like okra, peas, and sweet potatoes. Herbs like rosemary and basil also do well in a home garden. They taste great and can also bring beautiful butterflies into your landscape.
Shrubs and Ornamentals
Spring additionally is a great time to plant shrubs and ornamentals. Nevertheless, you must fertilize and then re-mulch these spring plants in Miami. This will help you lock in moisture for the dry season.
Gardenias can make an excellent addition to your landscape with their dark green leaves and fragrant white blossoms. They bloom many months throughout the year and remain very easy to maintain. However, ensure that you only prune them lightly after the plant finishes blooming.
Flowers can thrive in our hot tropical climate. Choose spring plants in Miami like coleus and ornamental peppers. You can also plant gladiolus until mid-summer. Lilies like spider, Aztec, and butterfly also thrive throughout the spring and into the summer season.
Watch Out for Pests
South Florida’s climate is very desirable to many people. Nevertheless, due to the gentle nature of the weather in Florida, insects may invade your lawn and begin causing trouble in the early parts of spring. You must ensure you check your greenery for aphids on new growth, in addition to mites on ornamental plants.
Before you reach for the high-powered chemical pesticides, consider selecting an organic or natural product first. These remain far less harmful for the environment if they travel into groundwater, or land on other plants. Additionally, these products will not likely harm beneficial insects and other helpful pollinators.
Help with Your Spring Plants in Miami from Frank’s Lawn & Tree Service
Springtime is the green season. With some preparation and care, you can exit the cold season with a landscape that will impress your visitors, neighbors, family, and friends.
Frank’s Lawn & Tree Service can help you achieve the lawn of your dreams that you can truly be proud of. For more information on how we can help you with your spring plants in Miami and landscaping throughout the year, contact our dedicated team today! | <urn:uuid:635c46bf-2690-41bb-b802-8ff3f5af275a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://frankslawn.com/best-plants-install-right-spring/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570741.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808001418-20220808031418-00068.warc.gz | en | 0.923862 | 742 | 1.9375 | 2 |
Ethical Dilemmas in Nursing
Journal of Medical Ethics. 1986 Sep; 12(3): 123-126, 135.
Recent developments in nursing practice reflect increased knowledge of effective care and the changing needs of patients, as well as a change in the nurse's role from one that is subservient to the physician's role to one that is complementary. Accordingly, nurses should be taking an active role in decision making concerning ethical issues in patient care, such as the question of what information to disclose to chronically or terminally ill patients. Examples are cited of cases in which decisions on care were not negotiated with the nurses involved and subsequently caused them great anguish. (KIE abstract)
Showing items related by title, author, creator and subject.
Wilson-Barnett, Jenifer (1989-03)Principles of autonomy and self-determination have been upheld as vital to modern-day medical and ethical practice. However, the complexities of current health care and changes in the expectation of some patients and their ... | <urn:uuid:56a5c797-43ec-4e8c-b6b3-3c16412e0985> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://repository.library.georgetown.edu/handle/10822/728518 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279189.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00059-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.953984 | 207 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Three or four days a week, Darren Hiers gets lunch at a Sterling, Va., convenience store near the car dealership where he works. He grabs a chicken sandwich and a soda and heads to the checkout counter, where a little gadget scans his index finger and instantly deducts the money from his checking account.
Send to a friend
Subscribe to the Banner-Herald
E-mail the Editor
Discuss in Forums
Hiers doesn't have to pull out his wallet to buy lunch - and if it were up to him, he'd never have to write a check or swipe a credit card again.
The finger scan used at the shop in Sterling, known as a biometric payment system and made by a Herndon, Va., firm, is just starting to be installed at convenience stores and supermarket chains around the country, another step in a revolution that is turning the human body into the ultimate identification card.
Faces and fingerprints already are used to track visitors coming into the country. Computer passwords are being replaced by thumbprints at some companies and iris scans are giving consumers in England and Germany access to their bank accounts at ATMs.
The owner of BioPay LLC, which makes the technology used at the store, predicts the finger scan soon will be ubiquitous, offering speed and convenience for consumers. But civil libertarians have raised privacy concerns, citing some recent problems.
In February, ChoicePoint Inc., a background-screening company that collects personal information - including biometric data - said it accidentally sold more than 100,000 individual profiles to identity thieves.
For many people, a fingerprint means one thing: a police record. That association could be enough to make many people wary. The car rental business already has had some experience with this. Toward the end of 2001, Dollar Rent a Car began fingerprinting its customers to combat theft.
The experiment lasted just four months, until consumer complaints forced the firm to reverse its policy.
Biometric payment systems work by connecting images of an individual's fingerprint to his bank account. At the Sterling convenience store, a BP gas station, users enroll by handing the cashier a personal check (verified with a driver's license) that is scanned into the computer. Then they place each index finger on a tennis-ball-sized reader that captures the unique characteristics of their fingerprints.
The enrollment process takes about two minutes and from that point on, consumers can make purchases by punching a 10-digit code into the countertop terminal and placing a finger on the reader. The funds are subtracted directly from the customer's checking account, as a debit transaction would be.
"It keeps me from having to carry cash or a checkbook" said Hiers, who sometimes stops by the Sterling convenience store twice a day to get lunch, fill up his gas tank and pick up rations for his hour-long commute home to Charles Town, W.Va. "It makes my life a little easier, especially if I just want to get in and get out."
That's exactly what BioPay President Tim Robinson likes to hear. His company makes the biometric technology used at the Sterling store and says it has a database of 1.8 million customers.
Most of those consumers are using BioPay's technology as an identification verification for merchants cashing paychecks - an application intended to cut down on fraudulent checks. Customers have to enroll to cash paychecks, so if someone tries to cash a fake paycheck, the system will flag it. But by this summer 150 retailers will have installed the payment system.
More than 80 Piggly Wiggly Carolina Co. grocery stores in South Carolina and Georgia already have biometric payment systems made by Pay by Touch, a San Francisco company.
How the BioPay System Works
To enroll, a customer gives the retailer a blank check and valid ID to scan into a computer.
The customer then places each index finger on a tennis-ball-sized reader that captures fingerprints.
The customer selects a code to authorize debits from a checking account and to verify age.
Once enrolled, customers make purchases by placing a finger on the reader and entering a code.
© 2017. All Rights Reserved. | Contact Us | <urn:uuid:d0cae126-cd56-48c4-8faa-d7bdb698b84d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://onlineathens.com/stories/061205/bus_20050612044.shtml | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280292.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00341-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946741 | 854 | 1.976563 | 2 |
Nimue verch Wledyr ap Gwyn, or the "Lady of the Lake" was actually a sorceress from the future who helped Ciri find the way to Stygga castle. She is a graduate of one of the magical academies - most likely Aretuza. As a girl, she took special interest in the history Ciri and Geralt, and in particular their ultimate fate. Over time she began to lose interest in Ciri's story, but an unexpected encounter with a mysterious man re-ignited her interest. In her private tower, she scoured images depicting scenes from the sagas, as well as all the books, fables, legends; every nook and cranny trying to find more information about Ciri's history. She even recruited an assistant, Condwiramurs Tilly, an oneiromancer, who helped with her knowledge of ballads and singing.
Nimue has an elder sister Orla. They both appear as children in a minor scene from the future in the novel Baptism of Fire. In that vignette, it was revealed that Nimue was known as "Squirt" as a child, due to her diminutive size.
Nimue also appeared in scenes from the future in Season of Storms, where she traveled from her home village Wyrwa (can be translated as "Gap" or "Crater") to Aretuza, and "met" Geralt on the way.
Nimue is a name given to many female characters in the Matter of Britain literature. Nimue was the name of the "Lady of the Lake", who gave Excalibùr to King Arthur; the name of the woman who brought the dying king in Avalon; the name of the woman who took care of young Lancelot; the name of the sorceress who seduced and imprisoned Merlin. In all these cases, Nimue is doubtly a human but a mythological creature like a nymph or a nereid. | <urn:uuid:72f1b844-3500-418a-9dde-fb60e47b7d52> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://witcher.wikia.com/wiki/Nimue_verch_Wledyr_ap_Gwyn | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280791.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00358-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.973663 | 415 | 1.703125 | 2 |
There’s a little tingle I get when I head to my mailbox at the beginning of every month, and open it to find thick polished pages rolled up inside. I love fashion magazines. Oh the sweet joy of that delicious moment when I nestle into my couch, glass of Pinot in hand, to get the scoop on the latest style obsessions.
Well, these were the moments I relished, until recently when something in me snapped and I began firing off frustrated letters to the editors of the very magazines I had come to love.
As a black woman, I’ve had no choice but to become accustomed to the absence of black and brown faces in “mainstream” publications. Out of the hundreds of magazines that are published each year, black women can count just two (hair magazines don’t count) that are dedicated to showcasing their beauty, style, and opinions. The sporadic cover girl of color is hardly an ode to diversity.
But what’s become increasingly troubling to me is that still today, when our style icon is an African-American First Lady, who is arguably the most fashionable since Jackie O, the images in popular magazines and the fashion industry overall continue to be white-washed.
When will the fashion industry start to accurately reflect the rich mixture of ethnicity and culture in our country?
I was so overwhelmed by the diversity of the tens of thousands of people gathered in Chicago on election night 2008. The faces of the young and old, black and brown, American flags mixed with rainbow flags — this blend of people created the most beautiful and authentic representation of America I’d ever seen.
As news cameras panned out to the exuberant crowd, we weren’t just being introduced to the nation’s first African American First Family; we were being introduced to the New American Majority. This mass gathering of individuals were emblematic of the racially, economically and culturally diverse America that will make up the majority of our population over the next few decades.
With that said, how is it possible that a magazine can still be considered mainstream when not one person of color, not even in an advertisement, appears within 200 plus pages?
It’s this kind of nuanced racism; yes racism, which began to grade on my nerves. Especially when I realized that I was being complicit in the problem. I support the blatant neglect of women of color every time I opened my mailbox and greeted these glossies with glee. I condone the magazine industry’s disrespect of the New American Majority with every subscription and purchase.
But getting mad and just canceling my subscriptions wasn’t the answer. My one monthly payment would hardly matter to those huge publishing companies. So instead, I wrote to them.
First, I began writing letters airing my grievances at the lack of women of color in their magazines and explaining that by striving to reflect the true image of America, they would actually sell more copies. One of my favorite glossies had Beyonce on the cover last winter, the next month there wasn’t one image of a woman of color throughout the entire magazine, it was as if they met their quote. Instead of throwing my copy away, I started typing. And when a publication actually did showcase diversity, I thanked them.
After a few of my letters were met with silence, I assumed that the likelihood anyone had actually read them was pretty slim. Then something brilliant happened, one of my letters was actually published!
While flipping through an issue of InStyle magazine I discovered not one but two pages profiling a party hosted by BET (the Black Entertainment Network). There were tons of fabulous photos featuring the who’s who of black Hollywood’s celebrities. My jaw hit the floor. Before I could even finish reading the article I’d already reached for my iPad to write the editor. In the letter I thanked her for their coverage of the BET event and expressed how much it meant to me that InStyle recognized the importance of diversity and urged them to keep up the good work.
Image my surprise when just two months later InStyle published a portion of my note. When I saw it inside the magazine I was shocked and then instantly elated that someone on staff understood the importance of my message — that inclusion matters and when you embrace diversity, people will take notice. And it was in that moment that I realized that my monthly ritual of couch, wine and periodicals turned from pure entertainment into conscious activism.
As I savored my small victory, I recognized that anger without action is pretty meaningless. If I had just cancelled my subscriptions and sworn off non-inclusive magazines forever the industry would remain unchallenged. This is not to say that my letters are having a lasting impact, but it does make me value my voice and opinion more, because when I stay silent on issues I serve no one.
I still receive immense joy from flipping through glossy, stylized page, after meticulously curated page. I’m still enjoying my magazine and wine time, just with a keener eye and an iPad at the ready. | <urn:uuid:c36c1503-bc7d-4261-a697-c9b41befacbd> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.clutchmagonline.com/2013/09/fed-lack-diversity-magazine-industry-started-writing-letters/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280791.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00361-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96575 | 1,043 | 1.515625 | 2 |
In response to the situation in Mali, Fatoumata Diawara has gathered over 40 of the country’s most renowned musicians to record a video and song calling for peace. The group collectively called 'Voices United for Mali' includes Amadou and Mariam, Oumou Sangare, Bassekou Kouyate, Vieux Farka Toure, Djelimady Tounkara, Toumani Diabate, Khaira Arby, Kasse Mady Diabate, Baba Salah, Afel Bocoum, Tiken Jah, Amkoullel and Habib Koite amongst many others. The track is called 'Mali-ko' (Peace / La Paix).
Here's a version with English sub-titles (though the picture's smaller).
From Tom Coghlan in the Times (£):
Khaira Arby says her voice was a gift from God. But it was in the name of the same God that hardline Islamist militants drove her from her home last year. “They’ve said that when they capture me they will cut out my tongue,” says the grande dame of Malian music, a woman in her early fifties known in her own country as “the Nightingale of the North”.
Waging war on music might rank as the bravest or stupidest strategic decision ever made in a country where it is omnipresent. But that’s what Mali’s answer to the Taleban did last August. “We do not want Satan’s music,” announced a spokesman for the Ansar Din (the Followers of God), a group allied to al-Qaeda. “In its place will be Koranic verses. Sharia [the law] demands this. What God commands must be done.”
And with that the musicians of one of the world’s poorest nations but richest musical cultures became outlaws across a swath of northern Mali seized by extremists. “I had to flee,” says Arby at her villa in the capital Bamako, nearly 450 miles away in the government-held south of the country. “I don’t know what these guys want,” she adds with a contemptuous wave of her hand.
After the militants took over an intolerant, ultra-conservative Wahhabi interpretation of Sharia followed in a country where a gentle tradition of mystical Sufi Islam had mingled with pre-Islamic animist traditions. Shrines and tombs in Timbuktu, the ancient Saharan seat of learning and a World Heritage site, were smashed with hammers and drills. Women failing to dress, as one local told me in exasperation, “like a ninja”, were beaten with camel hair whips. Human Rights Watch reported that there were at least eight public amputations of hand or foot for theft. An unmarried couple were stoned to death in front of an audience of hundreds.
Arby’s own music studio in Timbuktu was raided by the local religious police. “They destroyed my instruments — guitars, mixing equipment, the production studio,” she says, costing the loss at nearly £100,000....
At a press conference the singer Fatoumata Diawara says she believes the population was looking to Mali’s musicians for the moral strength that had been lacking in the country’s often corrupt political elite. “They have lost hope in politics,” she says. “But music has always brought hope in Mali.”...
In a slum near Bamako airport last Friday night hundreds of refugees from the north meet to dance and show solidarity at a concert by Baba Salaha, a Timbuktu-based guitarist. “We are people of the north and this is our night,” sings Salaha, who mixes the loping, lopsided rythms of Malian tradition with recognisably Western rock and funk influences. He sees nothing but power politics in the assault on Mali’s music. “This Satan stuff is a pretext,” he says. “It is an excuse to impose themselves. Music is the tradition of the north — in marriages, birth, the ceremony of circumcision (of adolescent boys). To forbid it is a kind of crime against humanity.” | <urn:uuid:ca562c60-e491-4756-82ff-167355bf4f2d> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://mickhartley.typepad.com/blog/2013/01/mali-ko.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988725475.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183845-00510-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.962148 | 919 | 1.6875 | 2 |
Latest posts by techwriter (see all)
- Hazards of Poorly Written Technical Documentation - December 26, 2016
- Get an ‘A’ on Your Next Research Paper With These 6 Simple Steps - November 28, 2016
- An Amazing and FREE Source of Magazines and Periodicals — ISSUU - November 25, 2016
There are ways to direct the attention of the reader to the subject or object of a title (or subtitle).
QUICK RECAP: In the following sentence,
“Shaun loves fish”
“Shaun” is the SUBJECT and “fish” is the OBJECT.
You can highlight a title’s subject or object by using active or passive voice appropriately. Here is how:
METHOD 1: Use Active Voice to Stress the Subject of the Title
“Power-Watch Provides 24-7 Access Control for Enterprise Clients”
Here, “Power-Watch” is the subject.
“NASA Craft Tracks Space Storm from the Sun”
Here, “NASA Craft” is the subject.
Rewrite the following title to emphasize the subject of the title:
“A music streaming service is launched by BlackBerry to take the fight to Apple and Google”
METHOD 2: Use Passive Voice to Stress the Object of the Title
“24-7 Access Control for Enterprise Clients is Provided by Power-Watch”
Here, ““24-7 Access Control for Enterprise Clients” is the object.
“The Safe Way to Lose 10 Pounds a Month through Mediterranean Diet”
Here, “The Safe Way to Lose 10 Pounds a Month” is the object.
Rewrite the following title to emphasize the object of the title:
“Scientists Alter Chicken DNA to Create Embryo with ‘Alligator-Like’ Snout” | <urn:uuid:bee55bab-bf3d-463d-8fb7-c6af65f9f662> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.technicalcommunicationcenter.com/2011/08/24/how-to-stress-the-subject-or-the-object-of-a-title/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00079-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.821426 | 400 | 2.96875 | 3 |
10 Healthy Hobbies for Older Adults
People look forward to retirement their entire lives, and when it finally comes, they are often faced with a lot more spare time than they expected, and spare time can get boring if it’s not taken advantage of. To combat the boredom that’s bound to come along with too much down time, seniors should pick up hobbies to keep them happy, healthy and occupied. Here’s a list of ten healthy hobbies all older adults should try out.
10 Healthy Hobbies For Seniors
1. Exercise Classes
The importance of seniors remaining active as they age is undeniable, but all too often, seniors let their health slip due to a lack of physical activity. So, one of the healthiest hobbies a senior can have is participating in an exercise class! Not only do exercise classes get seniors up and moving, it provides an area for seniors to socialize and bond over a similar interest. Another great thing about taking an exercise class is that there’s something for everyone! Here is a list of a few of the exercise classes that seniors can participate in:
Seniors can stay happy and healthy if they choose to make exercise classes one of their favorite hobbies!
There’s nothing quite like the great outdoors, and aging shouldn’t prevent a senior from getting outside and breathing in some fresh air. Gardening can be beneficial for seniors in many ways; it can be physically active, it gets seniors outside and seniors can take pride in being able to eat whatever they grow! Gardening also provides something for seniors to take care of, so gardens can help them feel needed.
Sound a little too simple? Well, don’t underestimate the health benefits of walking for at least 30 minutes per day. This is a great and active hobby for seniors that may not be suited for an exercise class, sports teams or other activities that require more intense physical activity. Walking can even be a social activity for seniors. Walking is a great time for seniors to catch up with friends and family, and even meet and talk to other seniors that are interested in getting active too!
Cooking may be a long time, favorite activity of a senior, or it may be something they are just beginning to learn. Either way, cooking can serve as a great past time for seniors. Aside from the obvious benefits of cooking, like getting to eat all the yummy food that is being made, cooking keeps a senior’s brain active and healthy. Cooking requires measurements, reading, and more!
Crafting? Yes – virtually any form of arts and crafts is a great and healthy hobby for seniors! Whether a senior chooses to knit, paint, create scrapbooks or any other form of crafting, arts and crafts are a phenomenal way for a senior to spend their spare time. Seniors can choose to do this on their own, or stay social and work on crafts with a friend or family member.
A popular healthy hobby for seniors is choosing to volunteer with a local non-profit. Volunteer work provides a sense of assisting others, along with a great way to spend spare time. Another great thing about volunteer work is that there is an opportunity for every senior, no matter what his or her interests and passions are. Seniors can choose to volunteer at the local animal shelter, a child mentoring program, and more.
Keeping a journal, writing one’s life story, or even creative writing are all great ways to keep a senior’s mind healthy, all while keeping a senior active with a fun hobby. Writing can keep a senior's mind active, whether they choose to write about their past, or even make up fun stories for their grandchildren. Not to mention, all a senior needs to pursue this healthy hobby is a pencil and some paper!
8. Play an Instrument
Whether a senior has always been musically inclined, or their passion for a specific instrument is just blooming, instruments are a great and healthy hobby for seniors. Learning to play an instrument can also assist in keeping a senior’s brain young. Science shows that learning to play an instrument is good for a senior’s health in terms of their audio and visual skills, as well as their motor skills.
Nothing is as stress relieving as getting lost in a good book and reading offers many health benefits for seniors. Whether a senior wants to re-read their favorite book series, or simply likes delving into the newspaper every morning, reading is a great way for senior’s to keep their eyes and brains active. Aside from all of these benefits, seniors that read are 2.5 times less likely to be diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease.
10. Join a Team
Depending on a senior’s physical abilities, sports teams are a great way for seniors to get active and be social. Any form of physical activity can be made into a team sport, simply by doing it with a group. Seniors can join together for walking teams, running teams, biking teams, tennis duos, golf teams and more! People have been bonding and socializing through physical activity for hundreds of years, so why stop because of aging?
Growing old can be exciting, and all the spare time that comes along with retirement can be put to good use. As long as seniors pursue hobbies, they’ll stay happy and healthy in their golden years. | <urn:uuid:fea93b4e-7c5d-4d86-9db7-a4a19e7d5d7b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.seniorcaring.com/resources/10-healthy-hobbies-for-older-adults | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572198.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815175725-20220815205725-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.958799 | 1,149 | 2.046875 | 2 |
There are many scalp diseases associated with itching, soreness or tenderness of the scalp that can lead to chronic irritation and damage to hair follicles resulting in hair loss.Untreated, these scalp diseases can even lead to permanent baldness oftentimes without your being aware that this is happening.
BUY ONE BOTTLE GET ONE FREE SPECIAL OFFER ON
DR. WEAVER'S HAIR-BIO FORMULA #1
Dry, itchy, flaky patches occur on the scalp, especially around the hair margins in the front and on the sides and in the back. This condition is one of the scalp diseases that does not usually cause hair loss, but with chronic rubbing and scratching the hair can begin to thin around the edges. Up to 30% of the population is affected with seborrheic dermatitis, but most do not know the condition by name. It can come and go with flare ups occurring during the winter months when it is cooler and drier. It can also flare up in association with stress and anxiety such as that due to exams in school, deadlines at work, sales quotas to meet, or financial difficulties.
While hard to explain, this scalp disease can also be associated with scaling and flaking inside of or behind the ears, of the eyebrows, on the sides of the nose, in the beard and moustache areas as well as in the middle of the back or the area between the breasts. Usually an individual does not have all possible areas affected at one time, but it is common for the scalp and face to be affected together. This condition does not spread by transferring it from one part of the body to another or from person to person. It is genetic and frequently affects multiple family members in different generations. The earliest form of seborrheic dermatitis is cradle cap which develops during infancy.
This is one of the scalp diseases that starts out as a localized area of itching on an area of the scalp that looks normal. Over a period of time, the itchy spot can enlarge as well as become more and more bothersome. For some peculiar reason it tends to occur primarily in the middle of the top of the scalp or along the back of the hairline. Repeated scratching and rubbing of the area lead to hair breakage and a characteristic localized patch of shorter broken off hair. Neurodermatitis can be mild causing occasional itching, moderate, or severe with ongoing continuous deep itching that never seems to go away.
The true cause of this scalp disease is not known, but stressful events and situations definitely aggravate it and make it get worse. With repeated rubbing and scratching, the skin can become thickened and darkened so that another condition called lichen simplex chronicus is present. Once this condition becomes more severe it can be very difficult to stop it. Medical treatment with localized cortisone injections, oral anti-itch medication, and topical prescription products can give considerable relief and control the problem. Once the itching stops, then the hair can start to grow back in the affected areas. It can take 6 to 12 months for hair growth to return to normal depending upon how quickly your hair grows on a normal basis.
Psoriasis belongs to a group of scalp diseases that are characterized by thick silvery scaly areas developing on various parts of the body. The scalp is one of the areas that is frequently affected by psoriasis. The degree of involvement can range from a small area the size of a dime to near total involvement of the scalp surface. Despite extreme amounts of scaling and flaking, many individuals affected with psoriasis never have any itching and never have any hair loss. The psoriasis process is related to an ongoing overproduction of skin cells in the upper layer called the epidermis. This process does not affect hair follicles themselves either directly or indirectly.
Since part of the treatment for psoriasis involves frequent shampooing, African American females may have more hair loss issues due to the treatment for psoriasis rather than the psoriasis itself. It is important to use medications that can help improve the condition without drying out the hair and causing it to become brittle and break easily. Also, trying to scratch the flakes out can really make this condition worse. Psoriasis is associated with a process called the “Koebner Phenomenon”; because of this feature, anything that causes injury to the skin such as aggressive scratching to try and get the flakes out will trigger the psoriasis and lead to more and more flakes being produced. So if you have psoriasis, do not try to scratch the flakes out!!!
This is a member of the group of scalp diseases associated with the overgrowth of harmful bacteria inside of hair follicles. This shows up on the scalp as pus containing bumps with a hair growing out of the middle of them. The degree of involvement can range from one single hair bump to diffuse involvement of the scalp with hundreds of infected hair follicles present.
Pain is one of the key symptoms associated with bacterial infection of the scalp so if you are affected you might notice tenderness to the touch or sore spots when combing or brushing your hair. At times the lesions can actually bleed or drain a liquid material.
This is one of several rare scalp diseases that are associated with the development of large areas of thickening of the scalp in association with pockets of pus trapped under the skin. While pus is usually associated with the presence of bacteria and infection, in dissecting cellulitis, some of these areas are bacteria free.
This condition can be very aggressive leading to large areas of hair loss which have a high possibility of causing scarring and permanent baldness due to the fact that this condition affects the deeper portions of the scalp.
Prolonged tension and pulling on the hair can lead to scalp diseases associated with injury in susceptible individuals. The earliest sign of injury is localized scaling, flaking, and pus bumps that develop around the base of the hairs that are affected. Amazingly, these areas don’t usually itch or hurt despite significant inflammation being present.
If the source of the tension is not eliminated, and the condition continues on a chronic basis then scarring can occur which is called traction alopecia.
There are two primary ways in which scalp diseases and hair loss occur with lupus. The first type of hair loss is diffuse shedding of long strands of hair. The tips usually have a white bulb, but there is not usually a bald spot. An effected individual will usually have symptoms such as high fever, fatigue, or anemia due to a flare of systemic lupus. When the illness gets under control, the shedding will eventually stop. However, this type of hair loss can continue for 8 to 12 months after the illness is in remission. So, it can take up to a year or more for the hair growth to get back to normal.
The second type of hair loss that occurs is called "Discoid Lupus". This version is associated with patchy areas on the scalp with red, brown, or white discoloration and bald spots. The scalp can be tender, itchy, scaly, or crusted. This condition causes injury to hair follicles which can lead to scarring and permanent baldness, which is known as cicatricial alopecia . Early medical treatment with oral or topical or localized injections can help to heal this condition and minimize hair loss. Sometimes a skin biopsy is necessary to make a diagnosis.
Medical conditions that cause a physical change in the structure or strength of individual strands of hair are called hair shaft defects. An individual hair fiber is made up of several different layers including the cortex, inner root sheath, outer root sheath, and cuticle. When a defective hair is produced due to an alteration in development of the strands, a hair shaft defect occurs.
Conditions that belong to this group include Trichorrhexis Nodosa, Trichonodiosis, Netherton’s Syndrome, and Menke’s Kinky Hair Syndrome. Special microscopic features are used to make diagnosis of hair shaft defects and to make recommendations for treatment.
This is the medical term for ringworm or fungus infections of the scalp. Theses types of infections are forms of scalp diseases that can cause only mild flaking that looks like dandruff, or patches of hair loss with itching and flaking or areas of infection with pus bumps or red swollen lumpy areas on the scalp.
While many topical antifungal medications are available over the counter, it is usually necessary for medication to be taken internally to clear most of these scalp infections. Early treatment can prevent the possibility of permanent hair loss when the disease process becomes more advanced.
Scalp diseases associated with the development of bacterial infection and keloid development most often at the back of the scalp along the hairline. The majority of individuals affected with this condition are males who get the condition because of localized trauma due to sharp razors or clippers. However, this condition also occurs in females who have never used a razor or edged up the hair along the neckline.
Once the individual hair follicles become infected keloid formation can occur causing hard bumps of scar tissue. The process can remain localized or it can continue to spread and create larger growths of scar tissue and subsequent hair loss. It is important to eliminate the cause of the condition as well as treat it early to stop pain, itching, bleeding, and progressive damage to hair follicles.
This is one of the most commonly known types of hair loss and it is what many people refer to when they use the term “Alopecia”. It is characterized by the appearance of smooth patches of baldness that can be as small as an eraser or the size of a quarter or can progress to involve the entire scalp (alopecia totalis).
While it is quite common, the cause of alopecia areata is unknown, but thought to be related to scalp diseases associated with autoimmune conditions that effects the hair follicles. The hair can grow back sometimes even without medical treatment. However, medical treatment can be helpful especially when multiple patches are present and the condition continues to spread.
This is a type of hair loss that is characterized by excessive shedding of long strands of hair; usually these hairs have white tips on the end and they are called club hairs. While it can be normal to lose 50-100 hairs per day, with Telogen Effluvium, 200, 300, 400 or more individual strands of hair can be lost on a daily basis. This excessive shedding of hair is usually triggered by some stressful event such as illnesses with high fever, surgical operations, anemia, thyroid disease, rapid weight loss, and one of the more common events is hair loss after childbirth.
The scalp looks perfectly normal with this condition and unlike other scalp diseases, there are no symptoms except the hair shedding. Hair may be noticed on the pillow case upon awakening, on the floor, or easily come out while shampooing. Usually this condition corrects itself once the triggering event has passed, however it can continue for 8-12 months before hair growth returns to normal. Once the condition stops it does not usually start again unless another stressful event occurs. A rarer version is called chronic telogen effluvium and this condition may persist for 5-7 years.
Synonyms/Search Terms: scalp diseases, scalp infections, scalp ringworm, diseases of the scalp, hair and scalp diseases, scalp disease, scalp disease photo, diseases that cause alopecia, list of scalp diseases, itchy scalp, hair loss disease | <urn:uuid:fce2d5af-8761-41d9-93c6-1009bd99ddd4> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.blackhairmedicalexpert.com/scalp-diseases.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279410.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00168-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956515 | 2,381 | 2.859375 | 3 |
This user has not added any information to their profile yet.
Have respect - Use kind words and voice. Be truthful and polite. Contribute to a positive learning environment.
Are prepared - Have supplies ready and organized.
Work diligently - Pay attention and do your best work.
Keep control - Remain in class. Enter/Exit in a calm manner.
Show responsibility - Follow all classroom expectations. | <urn:uuid:42645997-f238-414a-8eed-774058272d3c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://rossviewmiddle.cmcss.net/user/janie.young2 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572021.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814083156-20220814113156-00075.warc.gz | en | 0.909063 | 82 | 2.75 | 3 |
The way the inspections are carried out has modified minor as very well.
Traditionally, examining the ailment of electrical infrastructure has been the obligation of males strolling the line. When they’re blessed and you can find an obtain highway, line staff use bucket vehicles. But when electrical constructions are in a backyard easement, on the facet of a mountain, or in any other case out of achieve for a mechanical elevate, line workers nevertheless will have to belt-up their tools and start off climbing. In remote regions, helicopters carry inspectors with cameras with optical zooms that allow them examine energy traces from a length. These prolonged-range inspections can deal with more floor but can not definitely swap a closer search.
Not long ago, electrical power utilities have commenced employing drones to seize far more facts additional commonly about their electrical power traces and infrastructure. In addition to zoom lenses, some are including thermal sensors and lidar on to the drones.
Thermal sensors decide up surplus heat from electrical elements like insulators, conductors, and transformers. If overlooked, these electrical factors can spark or, even even worse, explode. Lidar can assist with vegetation administration, scanning the area about a line and gathering knowledge that program afterwards utilizes to develop a 3-D design of the space. The model enables energy system administrators to figure out the precise length of vegetation from energy strains. That is crucial since when tree branches occur too shut to electric power traces they can induce shorting or capture a spark from other malfunctioning electrical components.
AI-based mostly algorithms can location spots in which vegetation encroaches on power strains, processing tens of 1000’s of aerial pictures in days.Excitement Solutions
Bringing any know-how into the combine that permits extra frequent and better inspections is fantastic information. And it suggests that, using condition-of-the-artwork as nicely as regular monitoring instruments, important utilities are now capturing more than a million photos of their grid infrastructure and the environment all around it each year.
AI is just not just very good for examining illustrations or photos. It can predict the upcoming by on the lookout at styles in information over time.
Now for the negative information. When all this visual facts comes again to the utility information centers, discipline specialists, engineers, and linemen expend months analyzing it—as considerably as 6 to 8 months per inspection cycle. That will take them absent from their work opportunities of undertaking servicing in the industry. And it’s just as well lengthy: By the time it is analyzed, the knowledge is outdated.
It is really time for AI to action in. And it has begun to do so. AI and device studying have started to be deployed to detect faults and breakages in electricity traces.
Various electric power utilities, like
Xcel Strength and Florida Electric power and Light, are testing AI to detect issues with electrical parts on both large- and very low-voltage energy traces. These electricity utilities are ramping up their drone inspection systems to maximize the quantity of info they accumulate (optical, thermal, and lidar), with the expectation that AI can make this facts a lot more quickly practical.
Buzz Alternatives, is just one of the businesses delivering these sorts of AI instruments for the energy sector right now. But we want to do additional than detect issues that have presently occurred—we want to forecast them just before they occur. Picture what a energy company could do if it understood the location of tools heading in direction of failure, making it possible for crews to get in and acquire preemptive upkeep measures, in advance of a spark results in the upcoming substantial wildfire.
It can be time to question if an AI can be the modern-day variation of the aged Smokey Bear mascot of the United States Forest Assistance: blocking wildfires
before they materialize.
Destruction to electricity line gear due to overheating, corrosion, or other challenges can spark a hearth.Excitement Alternatives
We started out to create our techniques using data gathered by governing administration organizations, nonprofits like the
Electrical Electric power Investigation Institute (EPRI), electric power utilities, and aerial inspection company providers that offer you helicopter and drone surveillance for retain the services of. Set collectively, this information set contains hundreds of pictures of electrical parts on ability strains, which include insulators, conductors, connectors, hardware, poles, and towers. It also features collections of photographs of destroyed factors, like damaged insulators, corroded connectors, damaged conductors, rusted components structures, and cracked poles.
We labored with EPRI and electric power utilities to develop suggestions and a taxonomy for labeling the picture knowledge. For occasion, what specifically does a broken insulator or corroded connector glimpse like? What does a fantastic insulator glimpse like?
We then experienced to unify the disparate knowledge, the visuals taken from the air and from the floor working with distinctive kinds of camera sensors working at distinct angles and resolutions and taken beneath a wide range of lighting conditions. We increased the distinction and brightness of some visuals to try to bring them into a cohesive selection, we standardized image resolutions, and we created sets of pictures of the exact item taken from different angles. We also had to tune our algorithms to concentration on the item of desire in each individual image, like an insulator, instead than take into account the total graphic. We utilised machine studying algorithms operating on an artificial neural community for most of these changes.
Right now, our AI algorithms can realize injury or faults involving insulators, connectors, dampers, poles, cross-arms, and other buildings, and highlight the issue regions for in-man or woman servicing. For occasion, it can detect what we call flashed-about insulators—damage due to overheating prompted by too much electrical discharge. It can also spot the fraying of conductors (a little something also brought on by overheated strains), corroded connectors, harm to wooden poles and crossarms, and lots of a lot more problems.
Developing algorithms for analyzing electric power program equipment needed pinpointing what specifically broken parts glimpse like from a range of angles beneath disparate lighting problems. Below, the software program flags complications with gear applied to decrease vibration triggered by winds.Buzz Remedies
But a single of the most critical issues, particularly in California, is for our AI to recognize exactly where and when vegetation is growing too near to high-voltage electrical power strains, especially in blend with faulty elements, a perilous combination in fire nation.
Today, our process can go by means of tens of thousands of visuals and spot issues in a subject of hrs and days, compared with months for manual evaluation. This is a enormous support for utilities attempting to maintain the electric power infrastructure.
But AI just isn’t just great for analyzing photos. It can forecast the potential by searching at designs in details about time. AI already does that to forecast
weather circumstances, the expansion of providers, and the chance of onset of illnesses, to title just a handful of examples.
We believe that AI will be ready to provide related predictive applications for electric power utilities, anticipating faults, and flagging regions the place these faults could probably cause wildfires. We are establishing a procedure to do so in cooperation with industry and utility associates.
We are utilizing historical info from power line inspections combined with historical weather conditions for the applicable region and feeding it to our machine understanding devices. We are inquiring our machine understanding units to locate designs relating to broken or damaged components, healthy parts, and overgrown vegetation all over lines, along with the climate problems relevant to all of these, and to use the styles to predict the foreseeable future well being of the electricity line or electrical elements and vegetation advancement around them.
Suitable now, our algorithms can predict 6 months into the potential that, for illustration, there is a probability of 5 insulators having broken in a unique region, together with a substantial chance of vegetation overgrowth in close proximity to the line at that time, that merged create a fire chance.
We are now making use of this predictive fault detection program in pilot packages with many important utilities—one in New York, one in the New England location, and 1 in Canada. Given that we began our pilots in December of 2019, we have analyzed about 3,500 electrical towers. We detected, amongst some 19,000 healthful electrical parts, 5,500 faulty types that could have led to power outages or sparking. (We do not have data on repairs or replacements designed.)
In which do we go from here? To transfer beyond these pilots and deploy predictive AI far more extensively, we will want a big total of facts, collected more than time and throughout many geographies. This calls for performing with many electric power firms, collaborating with their inspection, routine maintenance, and vegetation administration teams. Key energy utilities in the United States have the budgets and the methods to collect information at these types of a large scale with drone and aviation-primarily based inspection courses. But more compact utilities are also turning out to be ready to gather far more facts as the price tag of drones drops. Generating resources like ours broadly practical will need collaboration among the major and the compact utilities, as effectively as the drone and sensor engineering suppliers.
Quickly ahead to Oct 2025. It truly is not difficult to think about the western U.S dealing with another sizzling, dry, and very perilous hearth period, in the course of which a tiny spark could guide to a large disaster. Persons who dwell in fireplace nation are taking treatment to stay clear of any action that could start a fire. But these days, they are much fewer concerned about the pitfalls from their electrical grid, simply because, months ago, utility employees arrived through, restoring and changing defective insulators, transformers, and other electrical elements and trimming back trees, even those that had but to attain electrical power strains. Some requested the workers why all the action. “Oh,” they ended up instructed, “our AI devices advise that this transformer, proper up coming to this tree, might spark in the drop, and we never want that to happen.”
Indeed, we surely do not. | <urn:uuid:d0b2163d-1b65-41e4-bb48-c60a71185693> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://motemapembe.com/these-superabsorbent-batteries-charge-faster-the-larger-they-get.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00675.warc.gz | en | 0.932141 | 2,080 | 2.453125 | 2 |
As sudden oak death continues to ravage Sonoma County woodlands, a secluded creek near Glen Ellen bears the impact of a malady that experts say is likely unstoppable and has just begun its onslaught.
Coast live oak trees felled by the disease along Stuart Creek leave holes in the forest canopy, admitting direct sunlight along a cool, damp waterway that harbors amphibians, spiders and woodpeckers.
"It definitely changes the habitat," said Jeanne Wirka, resident biologist at the 535-acre Bouverie Preserve off Highway 12 near Glen Ellen.
The creek runs through a protected area of the preserve managed by the Audubon Canyon Ranch and open to the public by reservation on select dates.
But it is squarely in the path of sudden oak death, which has been killing trees in Sonoma County for more than a decade — largely in the west county and Sonoma Valley — and got a boost from the rainy spring of 2011.
Sonoma County has the third-highest rate of infection among the 12 San Francisco Bay Area locations surveyed in the fifth annual Sudden Oak Death Blitz organized by UC Berkeley's forest pathology laboratory.
The county's 46 percent infection rate among bay laurel trees sampled in May by blitz volunteers trailed the 59 percent rate in Saratoga and 51 percent in Marin, where sudden oak death was discovered in 1995.
Matteo Garbelotto, head of the UC lab, said he was not surprised that Sonoma's infection rate was up from 35 percent last year and 13 percent in 2010.
"Spring rains are really what favor the spread," he said, noting that the wet spring of 2011 boosted sudden oak death's prevalence that year and this year.
West County forests and the hills flanking Sonoma Valley have been hardest hit by the disease, according to surveys taken since 2008, a trend attributed to the wetter conditions in those areas.
But this year's survey found sudden oak death was gaining a foothold in drier areas, such as the Santa Rosa Plain and Sonoma Valley.
The pathogen that causes the disease — <i>Phytophthora ramorum</i> — is "definitely better established" in the flatlands and is "more and more an issue" in suburban residential areas, Garbelotto said.
An estimated 105,000 acres in Sonoma County are infected, according to aerial surveys by the U.S. Forest Service since 2005.
Sudden oak death kills kills tanoaks and four types of oak trees, including coast live oak and black oak common to Sonoma County. Tanoak is not a true oak but is a member of the same botanical family.
Volunteers sample leaves primarily from bay laurel trees, which host the pathogen but are not harmed by it.
The disease now infects 14 counties from Humboldt to Monterey along the coast, as well as Lake, Napa, Solano, Contra Costa, Alameda and Santa Clara counties.
Garbelotto said he is convinced the hardy pathogen is "here to stay" and will, over the next 20 years, change the appearance of coastal forests by thinning out oaks and tanoaks.
So far, it has not spread inland to the much drier Central Valley or to the abundant Sierra forests farther east, he said.
The pathogen seems unlikely to adapt to the drier climates, but Garbelotto said he isn't making any long-range forecasts. | <urn:uuid:edaaab61-05fc-40c0-b59d-0f8f03a222ea> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.pressdemocrat.com/csp/mediapool/sites/PressDemocrat/News/story.csp?cid=2308812&fid=181 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00441-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.95969 | 718 | 2.6875 | 3 |
On July 17, 2018, Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe heralded a new dimension of EU-Japanese relations. This new dimension has largely been invoked due to the EU-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) – the EU’s largest trade deal ever – signed at a time when Washington’s role in championing the liberal world order is, at best, on hold.
While the United States is retreating to its borders, the EU and Japan have also been busy negotiating an agreement adjacent to the widely-reported EPA: a strategic partnership agreement (SPA). The SPA provides a new framework for the EU and Japan to reinforce their many shared interests related to preserving a rules-based international order. In addition to a strong focus on non-proliferation and disarmament, the agreement provides scope for sectoral cooperation in areas of mutual interest to the EU and Japan.
This is particularly relevant given the series of defense cooperation agreements Japan signed with EU member states in 2017. In tandem, the EU-level SPA and the various bilateral defense agreements form a solid foundation for newfound and diversified cooperation in matters related to security and defense. While the SPA provides a useful framework for security-related civil cooperation with Japan, the bilateral relationship will remain the backbone for military cooperation. As the boundary between security and defense becomes increasingly blurred, an examination of both levels of analysis is crucial to understanding European-Japanese cooperation as a force for global stability.
Growing Security Providers
Recent years have seen both Japan and the EU stepping up their commitments as security providers in their respective regions and on a more global scale. Both have focused on defense technological cooperation, as best seen in Japan’s arms export policy changes in April 2014 and the EU’s recent decision to fund cooperative defense research and development (R&D) for the first time from 2021 onward, building on years of discussions and preliminary grants in place now.
Japanese interest in EU defense developments is twofold. Firstly, more open doors are welcome to Japan as it struggles to make its mark on the highly competitive international arms market and gradually grows its role as a security provider. Whether cooperation is used as a means to expand on technical and process-driven know-how at the EU or member state level, or as an entry point to European markets for Japan to finally secure defense exports, relationships with Europe provide Japan with non-adversarial alternatives to Washington. Responding to U.S. pressure for more equal footing in the U.S.-Japan military alliance, Japanese-European partnerships may also allow Tokyo to demonstrate to Washington substantive, credible contributions to preserving peace and stability.
Secondly, the EU policy changes as a possible inflection point vis-à-vis the EU approach to China. Previously unhappy with what Tokyo saw as a Sino-centric approach to Northeast Asia, the SPA and the EU thirst to elevate its security and defense profile may offer an opportunity for the EU to, from a Japanese perspective, take a more principled stance on China on freedom of navigation, commitment to non-proliferation and enforcement of sanctions, and other issues related to sustaining a rules-based international order. With Europe unencumbered by military alliances in Northeast Asia, China is less likely to decry EU-Japanese cooperation as containment than when the United States is involved. Operating on relatively similar timescales, with similarly held values and interests, and below the threshold of containment, Japanese-European cooperation can be seen as a logical response to mutual interests in elevating their security and defense profiles and promoting peace.
Together with the EU-Japan EPA, the freshly inked SPA provides a framework for more substantive cooperation. In addition to overarching priorities such as advancing non-proliferation and promoting free trade, the SPA opens up various areas of sectoral cooperation relevant to security and defense. While much of the language in the SPA is somewhat vague, the elaboration of mutual interests laid out within is particularly relevant for shared science and technology (S&T) priorities.
In some ways, the SPA concretizes existing formats of collaboration. For instance, the bilateral EU-Japan cybersecurity dialogues that begun in 2015 could become the foundation of stronger cooperation combating cybercrime, promoting cyber capacity-building measures, and strengthening cybersecurity, as mentioned in the SPA. Building on the EU Green Gateway to Japan Programme, active since the 1990s, EU-Japanese collaboration on green energy technology development could take on a more strategic role. The SPA, which names climate change and energy security as two of its priority areas, could capitalize on shared innovativeness between European and Japanese companies through such programs.
Regarding outer space cooperation, the SPA also mentions ensuring the mutual compatibility of navigation satellite systems, a key area given European and Japanese prioritization of independence from U.S. GPS systems. With the European Space Agency’s Galileo system having entered the Full Operational Capability phase, such compatibility – or integration – is timely as Japan launches its next three satellites to complete its own navigation system by 2023.
Notably, the SPA also mandates that a Joint Committee be set up to oversee implementation of the agreement, ensure implementation with a dispute-resolution mechanism, as well as decide upon additional areas of interest. As the EU decides later this year whether the Permanent Structured Cooperation defense cooperation mechanism will be open to third states, Japanese S&T strengths, such as robotics, could make it a candidate for future capability development. Already the SPA calls for enhanced S&T cooperation, leaving both dual-use and military developments open in the future, as may be discussed by the Joint Committee.
The Defense Industry Domain
While the SPA serves to overview the key areas of strategic cooperation between Europe and Japan, it is the bilateral relations between Japan and EU member states that emphasize military cooperation, and also shed light on the niches of mutual interest for European-Japanese military capability development cooperation.
Between December 2016 and July 2017, Japan signed defense technological and industrial cooperation agreements with five European countries – all of which previously exported weapons to Japan over the past decade. Now that defense cooperation is constitutionally permitted, the agreements – with France, Germany, Italy, Sweden, and the UK – illustrate Tokyo’s desire to establish a two-way street in defense cooperation.
The agreements make clear two priorities for Japanese cooperation with continental Europe. Firstly, Japanese agreements with France from December 2016 and Italy in May 2017 have a clear maritime angle, respectively mentioning underwater anti-mine robots and military cooperation in maritime security-related areas. Secondly, with regards to the July 2017 agreements with Sweden and Germany, technology transfers are clearly prioritized. Reporting emphasizes Japanese interest in technology transfers for Swedish air-independent propulsion (AIP) systems, previously used in Japanese Sōryū-class submarines, as well as German systems to allow T-90 tanks to increase speeds and be used on more remote Japanese islands. These agreements diversify networks while simultaneously seeking to indigenize certain capabilities.
While Japanese defense technological cooperation with the United Kingdom merits its own in-depth discussion, missile co-development and a potential UK-Japanese sixth-generation fighter collaboration are notably deeper than the other cases described here. As the UK exits the EU, it will likely re-focus more attention toward non-EU partners, further deepening these forms of cooperation with Japan and other parts of Asia as it attempts to avoid isolation and fulfill its status as ‘Global Britain’.
Symbolically and substantively, these agreements demonstrate Japan’s willingness to diversify its defense networks, rather than rely more wholly on security guarantees from the United States. Assessing defense networks, the Lowy Institute’s Asia Power Index, Japan ranks in fourth place after the United States, Australia, and South Korea. In addition to deepened defense (and maritime security) relations with Australia and Southeast Asian countries such as Vietnam and the Philippines, these partnerships with like-minded democracies in Europe highlight Japanese ‘proactive contributions to peace’ by mobilizing support for a rules-based international order. As Japan increasingly responds to perceived Chinese aggression, particularly regarding threats to free and safe navigation, this diversification of partnerships adds to Tokyo’s toolbox.
Recent years have seen Japanese politics and strategic outlook become more hawkish. As the EU and Japan consider a more operational form of cooperation – perhaps leading to an eventual Framework Partnership Agreement, such as the one between the EU and South Korea to facilitate third state contributions to EU security missions and military operations – it is also possible to imagine more military capability development cooperation as well. The test for EU defense relations beyond its own neighborhood will also be whether there is any fusion between member state-level cooperation and sectoral cooperation per the new EU-Japan SPA.
On the military side of the equation, Europe has been successful in carving out niches as Japan diversifies its partnerships away from Washington – while simultaneously seeking to gratify Washington’s demand for a more equal military partnership. While Europe does not seek in any shape or form to replace U.S. security guarantees in Northeast Asia, both bilateral and EU-level developments show positive signs for contributing to regional and global stability.
Zoe Stanley-Lockman is an Associate Research Fellow in the Maritime Security Programme of the Institute of Defence and Strategic Studies (IDSS) at the S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies (RSIS). | <urn:uuid:550886bb-f807-4366-b14d-10723cbd7660> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thediplomat.com/2018/08/new-opportunities-for-eu-japan-defense-relations/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00470.warc.gz | en | 0.9433 | 1,921 | 1.929688 | 2 |
Hi! I have a question: let's say, a lens (Nikkor 18-70 on my D70s) has a hyperfocal distance at X meters (with given F, focal length, etc). What happens, if I have a subject beyond this distance? Options: - The camera/lens focus to the subject, so the "near distance" of DOF will be "farer" (beyond of the half of the hyperfocal distance), so I loose on DOF. - The camera/lens stil focuses to hyperfocal, because it makes no sense to focus beyond it... Thank you. | <urn:uuid:9ebe9fa6-7465-47bc-afd2-cad7e563b0fe> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.thephotoforum.com/threads/dof-lens-focusing-question.63508/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718278.43/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00240-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.942306 | 132 | 1.84375 | 2 |
Last week, we talked a bit about the meaning of concupiscence in the Church’s moral tradition. The good news about concupiscence is that it is not sin but merely the “tinder for sin,” and therefore temptation is not a revelation of what a disgusting disappointment we are to God, but is in fact the field of battle upon which we, with the help of God’s grace, grow in virtue and become saints (CCC 1264).
Because of this, those of us who suffer from disordered appetites, a weakened will, and a darkened intellect (meaning 100 percent of all human beings, with the exception of Jesus and Mary) have hope, because God is not an impatient critic, fuming at our weakness and carping at us about what failures we are. He is “God with us,” dying for our sins and rising for our justification, pulling for us by the power of His Holy Spirit within us, helping and strengthening us with grace, surrounding us with guardian angels, and furnishing us with the cheering throng of family in the heavenly bleachers (as well as the help of the Church on earth) to assist us on the road to sanctity and happiness (which are really the same thing). Our feelings of temptation are not evidence of our hopeless inadequacy but merely of our humanity. If our Lord Jesus was tempted, then there is hope for you.
Having said that, there is another side to our lives as disciples of Jesus that pertains to feelings as well. It is the reality that, just as feelings of temptation are no firm proof of sin, so feelings of love are no firm proof of our love of God or neighbor. Since, as John points out, “He who does not love his brother whom he has seen, cannot love God whom he has not seen” (Jn 4:20), let’s start with the love of neighbor.
We can have intense feelings of warmth, friendship, affection, or passionate erotic attraction to somebody, but if we do not act with the intention of seeking their good, then however we feel, we do not love them. The world is full of adulterers, for instance, who feel intense feelings of love for their paramours. Nonetheless, the fact is that they are acting selfishly and betraying not only their own family but their partner whom they “love” in adultery. How? By making their paramour complicit in an act of absolute betrayal and guilty of a sin worthy of the fires of hell. Whatever his feelings, by his actions an adulterer may as well be looping a second noose tied to a millstone around the neck of his “beloved” and plunging the both of them into the sea.
Conversely, we can also run into the phenomenon of what I call “eupocrisy“: that is, of people who are better than their worst words, thoughts — or feelings. For example, there may be people we intensely dislike, yet if we act toward them charitably, with the intention to do them good and not to suck up to them, deceive them, or use them, then we are, in fact, loving them, whatever our feelings may be. Uncle Screwtape gives us an example of eupocrisy he found particularly annoying during the Second World War, as he analyzes the English human patient’s bombast of “hate” toward the Germans:
As regards his more general attitude to the war, you must not rely too much on those feelings of hatred which the humans are so fond of discussing in Christian, or anti-Christian, periodicals. In his anguish, the patient can, of course, be encouraged to revenge himself by some vindictive feelings directed towards the German leaders, and that is good so far as it goes. But it is usually a sort of melodramatic or mythical hatred directed against imaginary scapegoats. He has never met these people in real life — they are lay figures modeled on what he gets from newspapers. The results of such fanciful hatred are often most disappointing, and of all humans the English are in this respect the most deplorable milksops. They are creatures of that miserable sort who loudly proclaim that torture is too good for their enemies and then give tea and cigarettes to the first wounded German pilot who turns up at the back door.
This primacy of action over feeling is one of the points of Jesus’ Parable of the Two Sons. Their father came and said “go and work in the vineyard,” and the first son said “I will go” but then sat down and surfed the Web instead. The second son said “No way!” but then thought better of it and went. “Which son,” asks our Lord, “did his Father’s will?” Answer: the second one (Mt 21:29-31).
The first son may have had all sorts of warm feelings about his Father. He may have spent his time surfing the Web looking for a Father’s Day present. He might have spent a lovely afternoon checking over the Flickr photos of their recent family vacation together and saying Dad is a great guy. He might even have spent a couple of hours thinking, “I really feel like going out and working in the Vineyard is good — and as soon as I’m done taking my nap, I’m going to really try to examine my conscience and to understand why I just don’t feel like doing what I promised.” But at the end of the day, after all the warm feelings, navel-gazing, more feeling of feelings, and final concluding feelings, the only thing that will have mattered is that he did not do what his Father asked, while the brother who said “no” (and maybe is ticked at the Old Man) did what his Father asked.
And as far as Jesus is concerned, that’s the difference between loving and not loving His Father: what you did and didn’t do.
Biblical passages illustrating this abound:
Every tree that does not bear good fruit is cut down and thrown into the fire. Thus you will know them by their fruits. “Not every one who says to me, ‘Lord, Lord,’ shall enter the kingdom of heaven, but he who does the will of my Father who is in heaven. On that day many will say to me, ‘Lord, Lord, did we not prophesy in your name, and cast out demons in your name, and do many mighty works in your name?’ And then will I declare to them, ‘I never knew you; depart from me, you evildoers.’ Every one then who hears these words of mine and does them will be like a wise man who built his house upon the rock; and the rain fell, and the floods came, and the winds blew and beat upon that house, but it did not fall, because it had been founded on the rock. And every one who hears these words of mine and does not do them will be like a foolish man who built his house upon the sand; and the rain fell, and the floods came, and the winds blew and beat against that house, and it fell; and great was the fall of it.” (Mt 7:19-27)
Likewise, the Parable of the Sheep and the Goats concludes with the sheep being commended for what they did — and the goats being condemned for what they did not do.
In short, “He who has my commandments and keeps them, he it is who loves me” says Jesus (Jn 14:21). Just as sin is not centered in the feelings, neither is love. Feelings are like the weather of our inner world. They come and go; do this and that; change in various ways due to circumstance, or blood sugar, or trouble at work, or pleasure at home, or brain chemistry, or any number of random factors at play in the crap shoot of life. They are no more proof that you love God than temptation is proof that you hate Him.
So then how do you love God and neighbor? By obeying His commandments. It really is that simple. Do as God commands, and you will be loving Him. What does God command? Love God with all your heart, soul, mind, and strength, and love your neighbor as yourself.
We know those two commandments. They aren’t new. And yet Scripture says they are new:
Beloved, I am writing you no new commandment, but an old commandment which you had from the beginning; the old commandment is the word which you have heard. Yet I am writing you a new commandment, which is true in him and in you, because the darkness is passing away and the true light is already shining. (1 Jn 2:7-8)
The reason the commandment to love is old yet new is because God, who is older than all of creation, is as new as the baby at Bethlehem. Love doesn’t get old, but feelings expire swifter than mayflies. Therefore, we must not imagine our love for God is a product of feelings (though lovely feelings may, now and then, be a fruit of the love of God at work in us). Rather, love is the working of grace in our soul, coupled with our cooperation with that grace by a freely willed choice.
That choice to love may be easy sometimes. “Falling in love” (that divine madness) is, like all our loves, a little image of the Great Love who is God. But no earthly relationship between lovers has ever consisted simply and solely of the spark called “falling in love” lasting forever, any more than a fire in a fireplace consists simply and solely of an endless repetition of the spark that starts it. Fire requires more than sparks: It requires fuel and the work of feeding the fire, giving it oxygen, and tending it, lest it burn out or smother. The wood of every earthly love, friendship, or family relationship is the patient gift of ourselves in small ways every day. The oxygen is the unconditional agape love of God, the breath of the Holy Spirit, who we ask to breathe on our attempts at love and charity and who graciously does so.
Thousands of little gifts of self — little prayers of forgiveness, little acts of thanksgiving, little acts of service, small compliments, daily verbal reminders of “I love you,” minor gifts and kindnesses, taking out the garbage, making dinner, putting down the seat on the toilet, noticing the gas tank is getting low and refilling it, brief caresses, listening even when you were in the middle of a good book or TV show: All these add up like tiny grains of sand over time and form one of the most powerful things in all of human history: habits. And habits of charity, over time, can affect not just your life but those of people around you as they “catch” your habits, the way we catch each other’s colds. In short, when we act out our love in obedience to the command to love, we find that our feelings follow more and more. More than that, we find that whatever our feelings do, we are not controlled by them anymore, because we find that we are freed by the Spirit to act in love whatever our feelings may be.
This is, by the way, one of the reasons our worship is liturgical and not based on feelings. We “go through the motions” as Christ offers Himself to the Father in the Eucharist — not because the Mass is “empty ritual,” but because it is full and we are empty. We join in with Jesus’ self-offering and are not told to “take, feel” but “take, eat.” We may or may not feel something, but as long as we obey the command to eat, we are pleasing to God — because we obey Him.
Of course, that’s not the only obedience He requires, but it is the model of our lives as disciples. If we love Him, we obey Him as He obeys the Father in offering Himself and receiving His life back from the Father. If we don’t feel good while obeying Him, that doesn’t mean we are acting wrongly. Indeed, as Christ Crucified made clear, sometimes obedience to and love of God does not feel good at all. But it remains the Way.
The same is true for love in all its other forms — from affection, to friendship, to the love of children, or animals, or places, or hobbies, or whatever and however we love. Our call is to love in a rightly ordered way — God first, creatures second, in their proper order. Failure to love in a rightly ordered way is the essence of sin. It is the attempt to order something that should be second (or third, fourth, or fifth) in first place. It is often the attempt to put things before people and God (money, sex, and power are popular perennials) or to put something else first (it matters not what, since God is always supposed to be first).
What Scripture calls us to is not an emotionally based worship (though, as human beings, emotions are going to be part of what we offer to God both in good times and bad), but rather we are commanded to
present your bodies as a living sacrifice, holy and acceptable to God, which is your spiritual worship. Do not be conformed to this world but be transformed by the renewal of your mind, that you may prove what is the will of God, what is good and acceptable and perfect (Rom 12:1-2).
It is the renewal of the mind, not the feelings, that Paul associates with “spiritual worship.” This is directly the opposite of the sort of Star Wars mush that many people today think of as “spirituality.” “Remember, concentrate on the moment. Feel, don’t think. Trust your instincts,” says Qui-Gon Jinn. And lots of people take this as wisdom, judging from the proliferation of New Age sects and various emotion-based approaches to the spiritual life one finds out there. Nobody would risk ten cents on, say, a cab driver who navigated New York traffic according to this instruction. No one involved in the production of Star Wars would have been especially eager to board a plane piloted by a crew that flew by such a philosophy.
But people enter into relationship with both God and man on this basis every day, consulting only their gut and never the virtues of prudence, justice, temperance, fortitude, faith, hope, and charity. It is through these that we will offer the worship of rational beings — and come to share in the rightly ordered worship of God and love of neighbor. | <urn:uuid:f016b341-fbdc-43e8-b0ac-830cd4d030e2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.crisismagazine.com/2011/love-is-not-feelings | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570741.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808001418-20220808031418-00076.warc.gz | en | 0.972379 | 3,128 | 1.671875 | 2 |
The people of Nepal call it a "rakshasa" which is Sanskrit for "demon". According to them, stories of its existence date back to the 4th century BCE; references to the Yeti are found in a poem called 'Rama and Sita'. It has regularly been sighted since 1832. Yeti means "magical creature". The name 'The Abominable Snowman' however, was given to it by western newspapers who wanted to give their readers the feeling of terror which the creature supposedly causes in the valleys, crevices and glaciers of the Himalayas.
According to legends, there are three species: the Rimi (some 2,5 m), the Nyalmot (4,5 m) and the Raksi-Bombo (1,5 m). In spite of differences in size, the species have a general resemblance. The Yeti has reddish hair (although others claim it is gray), smells terrible and it is very strong (it throws boulders as if they were pebbles). It makes an ululating or whistling sound, and is sometimes heard roaring like a lion. The Yeti is rumored to be very fond of strong alcoholic drinks.
There are many uncertainties about its origin, whether it exists or not. Some say that the Yeti is a descendant of a race of giant apes, the 'gigantophitecus' who retreated into the Himalayas some 500.000 years ago. Another theory is that the Yetis are descendant of the A-o-re, an ancient people that fled into the mountains to escape their enemies. In the following millennia, they degraded to a race of monstrous creatures. Skeptics say that the tracks were made by ordinary animals like a bear or an ape.
Of the many expeditions set out to find it, was also that of Sir Edmund Hillary, the first ever to climb the Mount Everest. He funded this expedition himself, for he and his guide Tenzing Norgay had seen footprints of a Yeti on a previous expedition. Unfortunately, his expedition was as unsuccessful as those who had gone before. However, he brought back with him a borrowed artifact: the upper half of the skull of a Yeti. This scalp came from the Khumjung Gompa (monastery) in Nepal where it is kept as a relic. It is some 300 years old, 20 cm high and has a circumference of 65 cm. Scientists said it belonged to a serow (mountain goat) which lives in eastern Asia.
There have been many other expeditions, but on none of those they got so much as even a glimpse of the creature. However, just like the 1951 expedition, they found tracks of the Yeti, and made casts of its footprints. The lack of evidence did not keep the government of Nepal from officially declaring the Yeti to exist in 1961. It became their national symbol, and an important source of income. There are even stamps of the creature. | <urn:uuid:0710feed-0b0a-4648-98fa-8d9a88dd13e1> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.pantheon.org/articles/y/yeti.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279169.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00210-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.980376 | 613 | 3.171875 | 3 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.