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0911.5205 | r | in order to quantify the thermal emission of abell 2199 , we defined seven concentric annular regions as shown in figure [ fig : mosaic ] , each with a radial width of @xmath59 . the center is chosen to be the x - ray emission centroid at ( @xmath60)=(@xmath61 ) in j2000.0 coordinates . this is @xmath62 offset from t... | the temperature and metal abundance profiles were derived out to kpc ( 0.4 times virial radius ) . both these quantities decrease gradually from the center to peripheries by a factor of , while the oxygen abundance tends to be flat . the temperature within ( kpc ) is kev , and the 0.510 kev x - ray luminosity integrate... | the nearby ( ) cluster of galaxies abell 2199 was observed by suzaku in x - rays , with five pointings for ks each . from the xis data , the temperature and metal abundance profiles were derived out to kpc ( 0.4 times virial radius ) . both these quantities decrease gradually from the center to peripheries by a factor... |
0911.5205 | c | using the five pointing observations with suzaku , we measured the temperature and metal abundances of abell 2199 out to @xmath70 kpc ( 0.4 times virial radius ) , and searched the xis and hxd - pin data for soft and hard excess emissions , respectively , both above the thermal component . we however found no signific... | the 90%-confidence upper limit on the emission measure of an assumed 0.2 kev warm gas is ( 3.77.5 ) arcmin , which is 3.77.6 times tighter than the detection reported with xmm - newton . although this upper limit does not reject the possible 2.1 detection by the bepposax pds , it is a factor of 2.1 tighter than that of... | the nearby ( ) cluster of galaxies abell 2199 was observed by suzaku in x - rays , with five pointings for ks each . from the xis data , the temperature and metal abundance profiles were derived out to kpc ( 0.4 times virial radius ) . both these quantities decrease gradually from the center to peripheries by a factor... |
1606.06757 | i | it is by now well stablished that electronic anisotropies play an important role in several strongly correlated systems@xcite . strong repulsive interactions could spontaneously break lattice translation as well as rotation invariance . depending on the broken symmetries , different ordered phases can be classified in ... | it was conjectured to exist in the pseudogap regime of the cuprates high superconductors . we present a ginzburg - landau approach to study the structure of these topological defects . due to a geometrical coupling between the superconductor and the nematic order parameters , we show that vortices are strongly coupled ... | the nematic - superconductor state is an example of a quantum liquid crystal that breaks gauge as well as rotation invariance . it was conjectured to exist in the pseudogap regime of the cuprates high superconductors . the nematic - superconductor state is characterized by two complex order parameters : one of them is ... |
1606.06757 | c | the charge-@xmath23 nematic superconductor is an homogeneous state of electronic matter that breaks gauge as well as rotational symmetry . it can be understood as a condensation of four particles of charge @xmath302 or , equivalently , as a melted state of pair density waves , obtained by the proliferation of double di... | the nematic - superconductor state is an example of a quantum liquid crystal that breaks gauge as well as rotation invariance . it supports two main classes of topological defects : half - vortices and disclinations . in this paper we have found a restoring force between vortices and disclinations that produces harmoni... | the nematic - superconductor state is an example of a quantum liquid crystal that breaks gauge as well as rotation invariance . it was conjectured to exist in the pseudogap regime of the cuprates high superconductors . the nematic - superconductor state is characterized by two complex order parameters : one of them is ... |
1506.00360 | m | let @xmath0 be the multivariate binary outcome for subject @xmath1 ( @xmath2 ) , and @xmath3 be the corresponding matrix of covariates . let @xmath4 be the latent class , so that @xmath5 always takes the value of @xmath6 ( structural zero ) if @xmath7 , and @xmath5 follows a multivariate binary distribution with densit... | we adopt a mixed model method to account for the cluster effect , and the model parameters are estimated using a maximum - likelihood ( ml ) approach that requires a gaussian hermite quadrature ( ghq ) approximation for implementation . since an incorrect assumption on the random effects distribution may bias the resu... | the next generation health study investigates the dating violence of adolescents using a survey questionnaire . each student is asked to affirm or deny multiple instances of violence in his / her dating relationship . there is , however , evidence suggesting that students not in a relationship responded to the survey ,... |
1506.00360 | l | motivated by the next study , the data generation for the simulation studies mimics the real example . to evaluate the statistical properties of the above methods , simulation studies of the true model and a misspecified model were run with two different levels of within - cluster correlation . a sample size of @xmath1... | we examine the performance of ml and gee methods in terms of their bias , efficiency and robustness . we illustrate the importance of properly accounting for this zero inflation by reanalyzing the next data where this issue has previously been ignored . , , | the next generation health study investigates the dating violence of adolescents using a survey questionnaire . each student is asked to affirm or deny multiple instances of violence in his / her dating relationship . there is , however , evidence suggesting that students not in a relationship responded to the survey ,... |
astro-ph9607009 | c | the paper presents discussion of properties of contact systems discovered in 9 fields monitored during the micro - lensing project ogle . a simple automatic classifier based on the fourier analysis of light curves permitted isolation of 388 well observed contact systems with available @xmath0 colors from among 933 ecli... | an algorithm , based on fourier decomposition of light curves , permitted to define a sample of 388 contact binaries with well observed light curves , periods shorter one day and with available colors ( the r - sample ) , from among 933 eclipsing binary systems in the ogle variable - star catalog for 9 fields of baade ... | the paper demonstrates that the w uma - type systems have a potential of playing an important role in studies of the galactic structure due to their high spatial frequency of occurrence , ease of detection and reasonably tight absolute - magnitude ( period , color ) calibration . an algorithm , based on fourier dec... |
0808.1814 | i | in this paper we consider the problem of discrete methods for dealing with functions that are intrinsically almost periodic , but not actually periodic . quasicrystals , quasicrystalline photonic crystals , faraday wave experiments , and other physical phenomena arising from the interaction of incommensurate frequencie... | the paper develops a method for discrete computational fourier analysis of functions defined on quasicrystals and other almost periodic sets . the methods are entirely group theoretical , being based on finite groups and their duals , and they are practical and computable . examples of functions based on the standard f... | the paper develops a method for discrete computational fourier analysis of functions defined on quasicrystals and other almost periodic sets . a key point is to build the analysis around the emerging theory of quasicrystals and diffraction in the setting on local hulls and dynamical systems . numerically computed appro... |
nucl-th0105003 | i | the simplest approach to the many - body system is the mean field approximation ( mfa ) . the most powerful mfa is the hartree fock bogoliubov ( hfb ) theory , where particle - hole and particle - particle correlations are taken into account at the same foot . the success of this simple approach is based on the larg... | the particle number projection method is formulated for density dependent forces and in particular for the finite range gogny force . the problems arising from the neglection of any exchange term , which may lead to divergences , are thoroughly discussed and the possible inaccuracies estimated . numerical results for t... | the particle number projection method is formulated for density dependent forces and in particular for the finite range gogny force . detailed formula for the projected energy and its gradient are provided . the problems arising from the neglection of any exchange term , which may lead to divergences , are thoroughly d... |
math0701540 | i | semiparametric models are statistical models indexed by both a finite dimensional parameter of interest @xmath0 and an infinite dimensional nuisance parameter @xmath1 . the profile likelihood is typically defined as @xmath2 where @xmath3 is the likelihood of the semiparametric model given @xmath4 observations and @xmat... | the penalized profile sampler for semiparametric inference is an extension of the profile sampler method obtained by profiling a penalized log - likelihood . the idea is to base inference on the posterior distribution obtained by multiplying a profiled penalized log - likelihood by a prior for the parametric component ... | the penalized profile sampler for semiparametric inference is an extension of the profile sampler method obtained by profiling a penalized log - likelihood . the idea is to base inference on the posterior distribution obtained by multiplying a profiled penalized log - likelihood by a prior for the parametric component ... |
cs0003070 | i | the possibility of translating logic programs into functional ones has long been a subject of investigation . among the different proposals @xcite . such systems are usually devised for one of the following purposes : for proving program properties , for providing better insight on the relation between functional and l... | the possibility of translating logic programs into functional ones has long been a subject of investigation . common to the many approaches is that the original logic program , in order to be translated , needs to be _ well - moded _ and this has led to the common understanding that these programs can be considered to ... | the possibility of translating logic programs into functional ones has long been a subject of investigation . common to the many approaches is that the original logic program , in order to be translated , needs to be _ well - moded _ and this has led to the common understanding that these programs can be considered to ... |
0905.1148 | i | one of the interesting possibilities that arises within the landscape of possible sparticle mass hierarchies @xcite is that the gluino @xmath5 is the next to the lightest supersymmetric particle ( nlsp ) where neutralino dark matter produces the correct relic abundance of such matter consistent with the wmap observatio... | the possibility that the gluino is the next to the lightest supersymmetric particle ( nlsp ) is discussed and it is shown that this situation arises in nonuniversal sugra models within a significant part of the parameter space compatible with all known experimental bounds . it is then shown that the gluino nlsp ( gnlsp... | the possibility that the gluino is the next to the lightest supersymmetric particle ( nlsp ) is discussed and it is shown that this situation arises in nonuniversal sugra models within a significant part of the parameter space compatible with all known experimental bounds . it is then shown that the gluino nlsp ( gnlsp... |
0905.1148 | c | in the above we have given an analysis of a class of models with nonuniversalities which lead to a gluino as the nlsp . several important observations emerge from this analysis which have bearing on the observation of sparticles at the lhc . perhaps the most important of these is that if the gluino is the nlsp , then t... | a detailed analysis of these models shows that the jet production and tagged b - jets from the gluino production can be discriminated from the standard model background with appropriate cuts . it is found that the gnlsp models can be tested with just 10 fb of integrated luminosity and may therefore be checked with low ... | the possibility that the gluino is the next to the lightest supersymmetric particle ( nlsp ) is discussed and it is shown that this situation arises in nonuniversal sugra models within a significant part of the parameter space compatible with all known experimental bounds . it is then shown that the gluino nlsp ( gnlsp... |
1210.1249 | i | in this work we have shown that a quantitative description of glassy relaxation in terms of local fluctuating phases and relaxation times is possible . on one hand , starting from the case of exponential relaxation we presented a line of phenomenological arguments that shows how a local phase function @xmath3 can emerg... | the presence of fluctuating local relaxation times , has been used for some time as a conceptual tool to describe dynamical heterogeneities in glass - forming systems . however , until now no general method is known to extract the full space and time dependent from experimental or numerical data . here , we find that i... | the presence of fluctuating local relaxation times , has been used for some time as a conceptual tool to describe dynamical heterogeneities in glass - forming systems . however , until now no general method is known to extract the full space and time dependent from experimental or numerical data . here we report on a n... |
0912.3091 | i | this paper studies the existence and properties of stationary solutions to langevin equations driven by a noise process @xmath0 with , in general , stationary dependent increments . we shall refer to such solutions as quasi ornstein uhlenbeck ( qou ) processes . of particular interest are the cases where the noise pro... | the question of existence and properties of stationary solutions to langevin equations driven by noise processes with stationary increments is discussed , with particular focus on noise processes of pseudo - moving - average type . on account of the wold applications to gaussian- and lvy - driven fractional ornstein ... | the question of existence and properties of stationary solutions to langevin equations driven by noise processes with stationary increments is discussed , with particular focus on noise processes of pseudo - moving - average type . on account of the wold karhunen decomposition theorem , such solutions are , in princip... |
1609.09457 | i | the radially outward flow of fluid into a porous medium is central to many practical problems in , for example , geomechanics , biophysics , and filtration . in geomechanics , pile driving involves the mechanical expansion of a cylindrical cavity in a fluid - saturated soil , generating large pore pressures in the surr... | the radially outward flow of fluid into a porous medium occurs in many practical problems , from transport across vascular walls to the pressurisation of boreholes . as the driving pressure becomes non - negligible relative to the stiffness of the solid structure , the poromechanical coupling between the fluid and the ... | the radially outward flow of fluid into a porous medium occurs in many practical problems , from transport across vascular walls to the pressurisation of boreholes . as the driving pressure becomes non - negligible relative to the stiffness of the solid structure , the poromechanical coupling between the fluid and the ... |
astro-ph0508301 | i | the first 21 cm line detection of an extragalactic source ( the magellanic clouds ) was achieved by kerr & hindman ( 1953 ) with a 36foot transit telescope just over half a century ago . the construction of large , single dish radio telescopes produced seminal discoveries in the decade of the 1960s , as illustrated in ... | the recently initiated arecibo legacy fast alfa ( alfalfa ) survey aims to map 7000 of the high galactic latitude sky visible from arecibo , providing a hi line spectral database covering the redshift range between -1600 and 18,000 with resolution . exploiting arecibo s large collecting area and small beam size , alf... | the recently initiated arecibo legacy fast alfa ( alfalfa ) survey aims to map 7000 of the high galactic latitude sky visible from arecibo , providing a hi line spectral database covering the redshift range between -1600 and 18,000 with resolution . exploiting arecibo s large collecting area and small beam size , alf... |
1003.1338 | i | euler s equations for irrotational incompressible ideal fluid motion under gravity with a free surface have an asymptotic expansion for shallow water waves that contains two small parameters , @xmath3 and @xmath4 , with ordering @xmath5 . these small parameters are @xmath6 ( the ratio of wave amplitude to mean depth ) ... | the relations between smooth and peaked soliton solutions are reviewed for the camassa - holm ( ch ) shallow water wave equation in one spatial dimension . the dispersionless limit of the ch equation and its resulting peakon solutions are examined by using an asymptotic expansion in the dispersion parameter . the euler... | the relations between smooth and peaked soliton solutions are reviewed for the camassa - holm ( ch ) shallow water wave equation in one spatial dimension . the canonical hamiltonian formulation of the ch equation in action - angle variables is expressed for solitons by using the scattering data for its associated isosp... |
1201.2524 | i | recent studies on quantum entanglement , a crucial resource in the theory of quantum information processing , contributed a lot to our understanding of this deeply non - classical phenomenon ( see _ e.g. _ @xcite and references therein ) . in particular , some progress has been achieved in elucidating the geometry of q... | one considers for instance the set of real states , or in the case of composite spaces , the set of product states and the set of maximally entangled states . combining the operator theory with a probabilistic approach we introduce the restricted numerical shadow of a normalized probability distribution on the complex... | the restricted numerical range of an operator acting on a-dimensional hilbert space is defined as a set of all possible expectation values of this operator among pure states which belong to a certain subset of the of set of pure quantum states of dimension . one considers for instance the set of real states , or in the... |
1201.2524 | c | in this work we propose to combine the notion of restricted numerical range with the numerical shadow of an operator which is a probability measure on the complex plane . on one hand the numerical shadow can be investigated for a given operator @xmath90 . on the other hand , one may analyse the shadows of all operators... | the restricted numerical range of an operator acting on a-dimensional hilbert space is defined as a set of all possible expectation values of this operator among pure states which belong to a certain subset of the of set of pure quantum states of dimension . study measure . studying restricted shadows of operators of a... | the restricted numerical range of an operator acting on a-dimensional hilbert space is defined as a set of all possible expectation values of this operator among pure states which belong to a certain subset of the of set of pure quantum states of dimension . one considers for instance the set of real states , or in the... |
1201.1291 | i | understanding the physical processes involved in the evolution of galaxies is a key goal of extragalactic astronomy . although stellar ( or halo ) mass is emerging as playing a fundamental role for galaxy evolution , environmental influences may also have an impact @xcite . this is particularly relevant in dense enviro... | the role of environmentally induced gas stripping in driving galaxy evolution in groups remains poorly understood . here we present extensive _ chandra _ and very large array mosaic observations of the hot and cold interstellar medium within the members of the nearby , x - ray bright ngc2563 group , a prime target for ... | the role of environmentally induced gas stripping in driving galaxy evolution in groups remains poorly understood . here we present extensive _ chandra _ and very large array mosaic observations of the hot and cold interstellar medium within the members of the nearby , x - ray bright ngc2563 group , a prime target for ... |
1201.1291 | i | our extensive _ chandra _ and vla coverage of the ngc2563 galaxy group has enabled us to probe both the hot and cold ism within a nearby group out to @xmath213 times the estimated virial radius . the main aim has been to characterize the evidence for galactic gas removal in this system , and understand the mechanisms i... | suggestive evidence is further seen for galaxies with close neighbors in position velocity space to show relatively low hi content , consistent with tidal removal of hi . the results thus indicate removal of both hot and cold gas from the group members via a combination of ram pressure stripping and tidal interactions... | the role of environmentally induced gas stripping in driving galaxy evolution in groups remains poorly understood . here we present extensive _ chandra _ and very large array mosaic observations of the hot and cold interstellar medium within the members of the nearby , x - ray bright ngc2563 group , a prime target for ... |
hep-ph0612062 | i | we have given a comprehensive treatment of quarkonia at finite temperature , within the framework of a potential model . we have constructed an effective @xmath2 potential as a linear combination of the finite temperature @xmath2 internal and free energies in order to separate the genuine @xmath2 energy from the gluon... | the schroedinger equation for the charmonium and bottomonium states at finite temperature is solved by employing an effective temperature dependent potential given by a linear combination of the color singlet free and internal energies obtained on the lattice from the polyakov loop correlation functions . the melting t... | the schroedinger equation for the charmonium and bottomonium states at finite temperature is solved by employing an effective temperature dependent potential given by a linear combination of the color singlet free and internal energies obtained on the lattice from the polyakov loop correlation functions . the melting t... |
1501.03101 | i | for decades the solar system was assumed to be the prototype for planetary system formation . with the detection of over a thousand confirmed exoplanets and many more candidates , it has become apparent that many planetary systems exist that differ substantially in their structural properties from our solar system . ne... | the three major sources for this information are meteorites , the present solar system structure and the planet - forming systems around young stars . in this introduction we give an overview of the current understanding of the solar system formation from all these different research fields . this will tell us whether ... | the solar system started to form about 4.56 gyr ago and despite the long intervening time span , there still exist several clues about its formation . the three major sources for this information are meteorites , the present solar system structure and the planet - forming systems around young stars . in this introducti... |
1610.05235 | i | the bacterial min - proteins are a well studied example of a pattern - forming protein system that gives rise to rich spatiotemporal oscillations . it was discovered as a spatial regulator in bacterial cell division , where it ensures symmetric division by precise localization of the divisome to midcell @xcite . the dy... | the spatiotemporal oscillation patterns of the proteins mind and mine are used by the bacterium _ e. coli _ to sense its own geometry . strikingly , both computer simulations and experiments have recently shown that for the same geometry of the reaction volume , different oscillation patterns can be stable , with stoch... | the spatiotemporal oscillation patterns of the proteins mind and mine are used by the bacterium _ e. coli _ to sense its own geometry . strikingly , both computer simulations and experiments have recently shown that for the same geometry of the reaction volume , different oscillation patterns can be stable , with stoch... |
1209.2296 | i | it is known since taylor s seminal work @xcite that tracers transported by a turbulent flow approach a diffuse behavior on time scales much longer than the lagrangian correlation time of the flow . these ideas are now commonly used in applications , as for instance in air quality control , to model effective mixing pro... | the statistics of lagrangian pair dispersion in a homogeneous isotropic flow is investigated by means of direct numerical simulations . the focus is on deviations from richardson eddy - diffusivity model and in particular on the strong fluctuations experienced by tracers . evidence is obtained that the distribution of ... | the statistics of lagrangian pair dispersion in a homogeneous isotropic flow is investigated by means of direct numerical simulations . the focus is on deviations from richardson eddy - diffusivity model and in particular on the strong fluctuations experienced by tracers . evidence is obtained that the distribution of ... |
0710.5529 | i | using new , moderate resolution ( @xmath44 ) k - band spectra , spectral indices have been measured in the central regions of eleven early - type galaxies in the nearby fornax cluster . based on these measurements , the following conclusions were reached : 1 . the feature is much stronger in these fornax early - typ... | based on these measurements , the following conclusions have been reached : ( 1 ) in galaxies with no signatures of a young stellar component , the k - band index is highly correlated with both the optical metallicity indicator and the central velocity dispersion ; ( 2 ) in the same galaxies , the k - band fe features... | the strong spectral features near 2.2 m in early - type galaxies remain relatively unexplored . yet , they open a tightly focused window on the coolest giant stars in these galaxies a window that can be used to explore both age and metallicity effects . here , new measurements of k - band spectral features are present... |
astro-ph0412481 | i | galaxy spectra encode information on the age and metallicity distributions of the constituent stars , which in turn reflect the star - formation and chemical histories of the galaxies . retrieving this information from observational data in a reliable way is crucial for a deeper understanding of galaxy formation and ev... | we investigate the power of spectral synthesis as a mean to estimate physical properties of galaxies . spectral synthesis is nothing more than the decomposition of an observed spectrum in terms of a superposition of a base of simple stellar populations of various ages and metallicities , producing as output the star - ... | the study of stellar populations in galaxies is entering a new era with the availability of large and high quality databases of both observed galactic spectra and state - of - the - art evolutionary synthesis models . in this paper we investigate the power of spectral synthesis as a mean to estimate physical properties... |
astro-ph0412481 | i | we have developed and tested a method to fit galaxy spectra with a combination of spectra of individual simple stellar populations generated with state - of - the art evolutionary synthesis models . the main goal of this investigation was to examine the reliability of physical properties derived in this way . this goal... | stellar masses , velocity dispersion and extinction are also found to be accurately retrieved for realistic signal - to - noise ratios . we apply this synthesis method to a volume limited sample of 50362 galaxies from the sdss data release 2 , producing a catalog of stellar population properties . the confidence in ... | the study of stellar populations in galaxies is entering a new era with the availability of large and high quality databases of both observed galactic spectra and state - of - the - art evolutionary synthesis models . in this paper we investigate the power of spectral synthesis as a mean to estimate physical properties... |
1610.08118 | i | 100 years ago , albert einstein presented to the world his theory of general relativity ( gr ) which is said that space and time are not absolute , but can be distorted or warped by matter . einstein s genius was in his willingness to confront the contradictions between different branches of physics by questioning assu... | these geometries need an exotic matter which involves a stress - energy tensor that violates the null energy condition . we also investigate the stability of such objects . solucan delikleri bilim ve bilim kurgu dnyasinin en popler konularindan biridir . 30 sene boyunca popleritesini daha da artirdi . olasi solucan... | the study of traversable wormholes is very hot topic for the past 30 years . one of the best possible way to make traversable wormhole is using the thin - shells to cut and paste two spacetime which has tunnel from one region of space - time to another , through which a traveler might freely pass in wormhole throat . t... |
1610.08118 | c | in this thesis , we have studied the stability of thin - shells around the bhs and the stability of the thin - shell whs . firstly , we have introduced generally the bhs , whs and their properties in the theory of the gr . furthermore , we have calculated the hawking radiation from the traversable whs . in chapter 2 , ... | the goal of this thesis study is to study on thin - shell and thin - shell wormholes in general relativity in 2 + 1 and 3 + 1 dimensions . mustafa halilsoy , my supervisor , for his patient guidance , enthusiastic encouragement and useful critiques of this research work . my grateful thanks are also extended to prof . ... | the study of traversable wormholes is very hot topic for the past 30 years . one of the best possible way to make traversable wormhole is using the thin - shells to cut and paste two spacetime which has tunnel from one region of space - time to another , through which a traveler might freely pass in wormhole throat . t... |
cond-mat0203217 | c | in the present paper we study the thermal conductivity of relativistic fermions in a ( 2 + 1)-dimensional four - fermion interaction model as a function of the applied magnetic field , the temperature and the particle width . we have shown that , for certain relations among these parameters , the profile of the thermal... | taking into account the dynamical generation of a fermion mass due to the magnetic catalysis phenomenon , it is shown that for certain relations among the theory s parameters ( particle width , temperature and magnetic field ) , the profile of the thermal conductivity versus the applied field exhibits kink- and plateau... | the thermal conductivity of the ( 2 + 1)-dimensional njl model in the presence of a constant magnetic field is calculated in the mean - field approximation and its different asymptotic regimes are analyzed . taking into account the dynamical generation of a fermion mass due to the magnetic catalysis phenomenon , it is ... |
1605.05357 | i | the description of non - equilibrium dynamics and thermalization in isolated quantum many - body systems has received renewed interest during the last years thanks mainly to the development of novel and powerful numerical approaches to study these problems , as well as , to the advance in sophisticated experimental tec... | the thermodynamical properties of a generalized dicke model are calculated and related with the critical properties of its energy spectrum , namely the quantum phase transitions ( qpt ) and excited state quantum phase transitions ( esqpt ) . the latter deduction allows for an explicit description of the relation betwee... | the thermodynamical properties of a generalized dicke model are calculated and related with the critical properties of its energy spectrum , namely the quantum phase transitions ( qpt ) and excited state quantum phase transitions ( esqpt ) . the thermal properties are calculated both in the canonical and the microcanon... |
astro-ph0109223 | i | the knowledge of the transport properties of charged particles in turbulent magnetized plasmas is a long standing problem , which bears directly on many astrophysical issues , such as the penetration of low - energy cosmic rays in the heliosphere @xcite , the propagation and escape of galactic cosmic rays in and out ... | the transport of charged particles in disorganised magnetic fields is an important issue which concerns the propagation of cosmic rays of all energies in a variety of astrophysical environments , such as the interplanetary , interstellar and even extra - galactic media , as well as the efficiency of fermi acceleration ... | the transport of charged particles in disorganised magnetic fields is an important issue which concerns the propagation of cosmic rays of all energies in a variety of astrophysical environments , such as the interplanetary , interstellar and even extra - galactic media , as well as the efficiency of fermi acceleration ... |
1311.7064 | i | the zero forcing number of a graph was introduced in @xcite and the related terminology was extended in @xcite . since then this parameter has been considered by a wealth of researchers , see , for example , @xcite for additional sources on this topic . independently , physicists have studied this parameter , referring... | the zero forcing number and the positive zero forcing number of a graph are two graph parameters that arise from two types of graph colourings . the zero forcing number is an upper bound on the minimum number of induced paths in the graph , while the positive zero forcing number is an upper bound on the minimum number ... | the zero forcing number and the positive zero forcing number of a graph are two graph parameters that arise from two types of graph colourings . the zero forcing number is an upper bound on the minimum number of induced paths in the graph , while the positive zero forcing number is an upper bound on the minimum number ... |
physics0402049 | i | the study of the dynamics of dust contaminated plasmas ( dp ) has recently received considerable interest due to their occurrence in real charged particle systems , e.g. in space and laboratory plasmas and the novel physics involved in their description @xcite . an issue of particular interest is the existence of speci... | theoretical and numerical studies are presented of the nonlinear amplitude modulation of dust - acoustic ( da ) waves propagating in an unmagnetized three component , weakly - coupled , fully ionized plasma consisting of electrons , positive ions and charged dust particles , considering perturbations oblique to the car... | theoretical and numerical studies are presented of the nonlinear amplitude modulation of dust - acoustic ( da ) waves propagating in an unmagnetized three component , weakly - coupled , fully ionized plasma consisting of electrons , positive ions and charged dust particles , considering perturbations oblique to the car... |
1006.2851 | i | the degree of alignment @xmath2 between the orbit of a transiting exoplanet and the spin of its host star can provide insight into the system s formation . in the solar system , the angle @xmath2 between the planets orbits and the spin of the sun is small , about 7@xmath3 ( e.g. * ? ? ? that fact provided a key piece o... | there has lately been intense interest in the degree of alignment between the orbits of transiting exoplanets and the spin of their hosts stars . indeed , of 26 transiting exoplanet systems with measurements of the rossiter - mclaughlin ( rm ) effect , eight have now been found to be significantly spin - orbit misalign... | there has lately been intense interest in the degree of alignment between the orbits of transiting exoplanets and the spin of their hosts stars . indeed , of 26 transiting exoplanet systems with measurements of the rossiter - mclaughlin ( rm ) effect , eight have now been found to be significantly spin - orbit misalign... |
1006.2851 | c | i identify ten host stars of transiting exoplanet systems in which either the host star is more slowly rotating relative to the simple model than any of the stars in the control sample of spocs stars or in which the star is viewed pole - on and the system is spin - orbit misaligned . this degeneracy can be broken for a... | unfortunately , the rm effect only measures the angle between the orbit of a transiting exoplanet and the spin of its host star projected in the plane of sky , leaving unconstrained the compliment misalignment angle between the orbit of the planet and the spin of its host star along the line of sight . i use a simple m... | there has lately been intense interest in the degree of alignment between the orbits of transiting exoplanets and the spin of their hosts stars . indeed , of 26 transiting exoplanet systems with measurements of the rossiter - mclaughlin ( rm ) effect , eight have now been found to be significantly spin - orbit misalign... |
1410.8143 | i | after 40 years of intense theoretical and computational research , the answer has been a qualified and unsatisfying `` maybe . '' it has long been known that molecular viscous diffusion is wholly inadequate to drive accretion because the transport timescale is several orders of magnitude longer than the age of the un... | there is considerable interest in hydrodynamic instabilities in dead zones of protoplanetary disks as a mechanism for driving angular momentum transport and as a source of particle - trapping vortices to mix chondrules and incubate planetesimal formation . zvi has not been seen in previous studies of flows in rotating ... | there is considerable interest in hydrodynamic instabilities in dead zones of protoplanetary disks as a mechanism for driving angular momentum transport and as a source of particle - trapping vortices to mix chondrules and incubate planetesimal formation . we present simulations with a pseudo - spectral anelastic code ... |
1611.09859 | i | there is strong evidence that the stellar initial mass function ( imf ) in the centers of massive early - type galaxies is bottom - heavy with respect to the imf in the milky way disk . the evidence primarily comes from three distinct observations . first , recent stellar population synthesis ( sps ) modeling consisten... | there is good evidence that the centers of massive early - type galaxies have a bottom - heavy stellar initial mass function ( imf ) compared to the imf of the milky way . as in the previous studies in this series , the models are fitted directly to the spectra and treat all elemental abundance ratios as free parameter... | there is good evidence that the centers of massive early - type galaxies have a bottom - heavy stellar initial mass function ( imf ) compared to the imf of the milky way . here we study the radial variation of the imf within such galaxies , using a combination of high quality keck spectroscopy and a new suite of stella... |
1611.09859 | i | using a new suite of stellar population synthesis models and high quality data for six galaxies we find that the stellar imf in massive galaxies is a strong function of radius . the imf is bottom - heavy in the centers of the galaxies and reaches the approximate milky way form at @xmath159 . this result is consistent w... | here we study the radial variation of the imf within such galaxies , using a combination of high quality keck spectroscopy and a new suite of stellar population synthesis models that cover a wide range in metallicity . a consequence is that the luminosity - weighted average imf depends on the measurement aperture : wit... | there is good evidence that the centers of massive early - type galaxies have a bottom - heavy stellar initial mass function ( imf ) compared to the imf of the milky way . here we study the radial variation of the imf within such galaxies , using a combination of high quality keck spectroscopy and a new suite of stella... |
0705.2146 | i | over the last couple of decades string theory has provided us with a continuous stream of new ideas and insight into general relativity . examples include the resolution of time - like singularities , either by perturbative or non - perturbative techniques , our detailed understanding of a large class of black holes , ... | these lecture notes provide a short review of the status of time dependent backgrounds in string theory , and in particular those that contain space - like singularities . despite considerable efforts , we do not have yet a full and compelling picture of such backgrounds . these lecture notes are based on talks given a... | these lecture notes provide a short review of the status of time dependent backgrounds in string theory , and in particular those that contain space - like singularities . despite considerable efforts , we do not have yet a full and compelling picture of such backgrounds . we review some of the various attempts to unde... |
1505.05522 | r | [ sec : primary ] [ sec : parlike ] mcmc sampling was used to find the posterior probability distribution for each of the free parameters : disk scale - height ( @xmath1 ) , disk @xmath0 ( @xmath46 ) and inclination ( @xmath57 ) . the scale - height was varied by considering the ratio of the fitted scale - heig... | the average best - fit k - band stellar mass - to - light ratio was . however , to match the diskmass survey data , the vertical scale - heights would have to be in the range to pc which is a factor of two lower than those derived from observations of edge - on galaxies with a similar scale - length . it was found tha... | this article explores the agreement between the predictions of modified newtonian dynamics ( mond ) and the rotation curves and stellar velocity dispersion profiles measured by the diskmass survey . a bulge - disk decomposition was made for each of the thirty published galaxies , and a mond poisson solver was used to s... |
gr-qc0702030 | c | in the last two section , i focused on a simple model to illustrate how one might hope to solve the long standing problems of quantum gravity using lqg . as i mentioned in the beginning of section [ s2 ] , several other cosmological models have been analyzed . roughly , work to date can be divided into three categories... | in particular , these examples illustrate : i ) how ` emergent time ' can arise ; ii ) how the technical issue of solving the hamiltonian constraint and constructing the _ physical _ sector of the theory can be handled ; iii ) how questions central to the planck scale physics can be answered using such a framework ; an... | this introductory review is addressed to beginning researchers . some of the distinguishing features of loop quantum gravity are illustrated through loop quantum cosmology of frw models . in particular , these examples illustrate : i ) how ` emergent time ' can arise ; ii ) how the technical issue of solving the hamilt... |
quant-ph0004031 | i | quantum mechanics attaches physical significance to representations of the rotation group which differ substantially from those studied in classical geometry . much of the mystery surrounding it is due to this fact . the enormous interest recently generated by proposals to build a _ quantum computer _ @xcite has focuss... | this paper develops a geometric model for coupled two - state quantum systems ( qubits ) using geometric ( aka clifford ) algebra . finally , the utility of geometric algebra in understanding both unitary and nonunitary quantum operations is demonstrated on several examples of interest in quantum information processing... | this paper develops a geometric model for coupled two - state quantum systems ( qubits ) using geometric ( aka clifford ) algebra . it begins by showing how euclidean spinors can be interpreted as entities in the geometric algebra of a euclidean vector space . this algebra is then lifted to minkowski space - time and i... |
math0605354 | i | if @xmath0 is a closed hyperbolic @xmath1-manifold with @xmath7 , the mostow rigidity theorem says that the geometric structure on @xmath0 is uniquely determined by the algebraic structure of @xmath4 , up to isometry . this means that in principle , any kind of geometric information about @xmath0 ( e.g. length spectrum... | this paper establishes the existence of a _ gap _ for the stable length spectrum on a hyperbolic manifold . moreover , for any such , the first accumulation point for stable commutator length on conjugacy classes is at least . conversely , `` most '' short geodesics in hyperbolic-manifolds have arbitrarily small sta... | this paper establishes the existence of a _ gap _ for the stable length spectrum on a hyperbolic manifold . if is a hyperbolic-manifold , for every positive there is a positive depending only on and on such that an element of with stable commutator length less than is represented by a geodesic with length less than . m... |
1407.6994 | i | this paper complements and generalizes the results obtained in @xcite on the microscopic foundations of the optics of materials . the main new result of that paper was a proof of the existence of polaritons in ionic crystals , that was obtained by calculating the normal modes and exhibiting the explicit form of the dis... | we show how susceptibility is obtained by the green kubo methods of hamiltonian statistical mechanics , and give for it a concrete expression in terms of time correlation functions . as in the previous paper , here too we work in a completely classical framework , in which the electrodynamic forces acting on the char... | this paper is a continuation of a recent one in which , apparently for the first time , the existence of polaritons in ionic crystals was proven in a microscopic electrodynamic theory . this was obtained through an explicit computation of the dispersion curves . here the main further contribution consists in studying e... |
1701.00034 | i | for @xmath0 let @xmath1 denote the linear space of entire ( real valued ) eigenfunctions @xmath2 of the laplacian @xmath3 whose eigenvalue is @xmath4 @xmath5 the zero set of @xmath2 is the set @xmath6 the zero set decomposes into a collection of connected components which we denote by @xmath7 . our interest is in the t... | this paper is dedicated to the study of the topologies and nesting configurations of the components of the zero set of monochromatic random waves . our results are a consequence of building laplace eigenfunctions in euclidean space whose zero sets have a component with prescribed topological type , or an arrangement of... | this paper is dedicated to the study of the topologies and nesting configurations of the components of the zero set of monochromatic random waves . we prove that the probability of observing any diffeomorphism type , and any nesting arrangement , among the zero set components is strictly positive for waves of large eno... |
0705.1142 | i | a _ tiling substitution rule _ is a rule that can be used to construct infinite tilings of @xmath0 using a finite number of tile types . the rule tells us how to substitute " each tile type by a finite configuration of tiles in a way that can be repeated , growing ever larger pieces of tiling at each stage . in the li... | this paper is intended to provide an introduction to the theory of substitution tilings . for our purposes , tiling substitution rules are divided into two broad classes : geometric and combinatorial . geometric substitution tilings include self - similar tilings such as the well - known penrose tilings ; for this clas... | this paper is intended to provide an introduction to the theory of substitution tilings . for our purposes , tiling substitution rules are divided into two broad classes : geometric and combinatorial . geometric substitution tilings include self - similar tilings such as the well - known penrose tilings ; for this clas... |
1404.3768 | i | in a typical instance of a combinatorial optimization problem the underlying constraints model a static application frozen in one time step . in many applications however , one needs to solve instances of the combinatorial optimization problem that changes over time . while this is naturally handled by re - solving the... | this paper is motivated by the fact that many systems need to be maintained continually while the underlying costs change over time . the challenge then is to continually maintain near - optimal solutions to the underlying optimization problems , without creating too much churn in the solution itself . we model this as... | this paper is motivated by the fact that many systems need to be maintained continually while the underlying costs change over time . the challenge then is to continually maintain near - optimal solutions to the underlying optimization problems , without creating too much churn in the solution itself . we model this as... |
0712.1689 | r | we now address the main question of this paper : have we found among this subsample of `` x - ray loud '' radio quasars as expected strong - lined blazars with @xmath3 hz and thus x - rays dominated by synchrotron emission ? in a representation of the sed as a logarithmic @xmath99 plot ( as in figs . [ xmmsed ] an... | this paper presents _ xmm - newton _ and _ chandra _ x - ray spectroscopy of ten flat - spectrum radio quasars ( fsrq ) which are candidates to have an x - ray spectrum dominated by jet synchrotron emission . in all these fsrq , which are less strongly relativistically beamed than blazars , a considerable contribution ... | this paper presents _ xmm - newton _ and _ chandra _ x - ray spectroscopy of ten flat - spectrum radio quasars ( fsrq ) which are candidates to have an x - ray spectrum dominated by jet synchrotron emission . in all these fsrq , which are less strongly relativistically beamed than blazars , a considerable contribution ... |
astro-ph0010230 | i | many qso rest - frame uv spectra exhibit blue shifted absorption lines that are indicative of an outflow . the properties of these absorption lines vary over a wide range , from very broad ( @xmath3 10,000 ) absorption lines , usually observed in high ionization species like and to fairly narrow ( @xmath4 30 ) lines ... | the outflow velocities of the clouds range from 200 to 1200 and from 3400 to 5200 , respectively . the width of the individual absorption lines ranges from 50 to more than 1000 . many absorption lines from excited states of are present , allowing a determination of the population of several low lying energy levels ... | this paper presents an analysis of a keck hires spectrum of the qso first j104459.6 + 365605 , covering the rest wavelength range from 2260 to 2900 . the line of sight towards the qso contains two clusters of outflowing clouds that give rise to broad blue shifted absorption lines . the outflow velocities of the cloud... |
astro-ph0010230 | c | our most important result is the finding that absorption from excited levels of is detected , and that the level populations are smaller than expected for lte . this shows that the electron density in the outflowing clouds in fbqs1044 is lower than that in the lower velocity clouds in spectrum of q0059 - 2735 studied ... | the most prominent absorption lines are those of , , and , and is also present . the low ionization absorption lines occur at the same velocities as the most saturated lines , showing that the , and line forming regions must be closely associated . therefore the distance we find between the line forming region an... | this paper presents an analysis of a keck hires spectrum of the qso first j104459.6 + 365605 , covering the rest wavelength range from 2260 to 2900 . the line of sight towards the qso contains two clusters of outflowing clouds that give rise to broad blue shifted absorption lines . the outflow velocities of the cloud... |
1203.6123 | i | the general class of matrix ensembles we analyze has probability measures of the form @xmath5\right\ } dm,\,\ , \mbox{where}\\ \label{i.001b } v_j(\lambda ; \ t_{j } ) & = & \frac{1}{2 } \lambda^{2 } + \frac{t_{j}}{j } \lambda^{j}\end{aligned}\ ] ] defined on the space @xmath6 of @xmath7 hermitean matrices , @xmath... | we derive closed form expressions for the coefficients of the genus expansion for the associated free energy in a particular class of dominant even weights . g_-maps , related to graphical combinatorics on riemann surfaces . this generalizes and resolves a 30 + year old conjecture in the physics literature related to q... | this paper presents an overview of the derivation and significance of recently derived conservation laws for the matrix moments of hermitean random matrices with dominant exponential weights that may be either even or odd . this is based on a detailed asymptotic analysis of the partition function for these unitary ense... |
0808.0665 | i | given a binary image consisting of object and background grid points , the distance transform assigns to each object grid point its distance value to the closest background grid point . the distance transform provides valuable information for shape analysis and is widely used in several applications @xcite , such as , ... | this paper presents the generalization of weighted distances to modules and their computation through the chamfer algorithm on general point - lattices . finally , the definitions and computation of weighted distances are applied to the face - centered cubic ( fcc ) and body - centered cubic ( bcc ) grids . weighted... | this paper presents the generalization of weighted distances to modules and their computation through the chamfer algorithm on general point - lattices . a first part is devoted to the definitions and properties ( distance , metric , norm ) of weighted distances on modules , with a presentation of weight optimization i... |
0710.0907 | r | the irac fluxes for all targets , together with optical and near - infrared data , are plotted as spectral energy distributions in figures [ fig1][fig5 ] . in general , the short wavelength photometry was taken from the most accurate and reliable sources available , including but not limited to : @xcite and references ... | irac m photometric search for warm dust orbiting 17 nearby , metal - rich white dwarfs , 15 of which apparently have hydrogen dominated atmospheres ( type daz ) . g166 - 58 , g29 - 38 , and gd 362 manifest excess emission in their irac fluxes and the latter two are known to harbor dust grains warm enough to radiate det... | this paper presents the results of a _ spitzer _ irac m photometric search for warm dust orbiting 17 nearby , metal - rich white dwarfs , 15 of which apparently have hydrogen dominated atmospheres ( type daz ) . g166 - 58 , g29 - 38 , and gd 362 manifest excess emission in their irac fluxes and the latter two are known... |
0710.0907 | c | although a survey of only 17 stars does not allow robust statistics , it is clear that the majority of daz white dwarfs do not harbor warm dust of sufficient emitting surface area to be detected with irac . if most or all of these stars do host circumstellar material , the fractional luminosities must be relatively low... | evidence is presented that this mid - infrared emission is most likely associated with the white dwarf , indicating that g166 - 58 bears circumstellar dust no warmer than k. the remaining 14 targets reveal no reliable mid - infrared excess , indicating the majority of daz stars do not have warm debris disks sufficientl... | this paper presents the results of a _ spitzer _ irac m photometric search for warm dust orbiting 17 nearby , metal - rich white dwarfs , 15 of which apparently have hydrogen dominated atmospheres ( type daz ) . g166 - 58 , g29 - 38 , and gd 362 manifest excess emission in their irac fluxes and the latter two are known... |
astro-ph9710340 | i | this paper describes a new modelling of galaxy evolution in the infrared and submm wavelength ranges , which are now open to high redshift exploration by the on going observations with _ iso _ and scuba , and forthcoming facilities and experiments such as _ sirtf _ , sofia , _ first _ and _ planck_. as a matter of... | this paper proposes a new semi analytic modelling of galaxy properties in the ir / submm wavelength range , which is explicitly set in a cosmological framework . we start from a description of the non dissipative and dissipative collapses of primordial perturbations , and add star formation , stellar evolution and fe... | this paper proposes a new semi analytic modelling of galaxy properties in the ir / submm wavelength range , which is explicitly set in a cosmological framework . we start from a description of the non dissipative and dissipative collapses of primordial perturbations , and add star formation , stellar evolution and fe... |
astro-ph9710340 | c | we have used a simple semi analytic model of galaxy formation to derive the ir / submm statistical properties of galaxies : luminosity function , faint galaxy counts , redshift distributions , and the diffuse background . the model shares many common features with previous semi analytic works focussing upon the optic... | we hereafter propose a simple extension to the ir / submm range . we assume that star formation proceeds either in a `` quiescent '' mode , e.g. as in disks , or in a `` burst '' mode with ten times shorter time scales . in order to reproduce the current data on the evolution of the comoving cosmic sfr and gas densitie... | this paper proposes a new semi analytic modelling of galaxy properties in the ir / submm wavelength range , which is explicitly set in a cosmological framework . we start from a description of the non dissipative and dissipative collapses of primordial perturbations , and add star formation , stellar evolution and fe... |
1302.1083 | i | let @xmath3 , @xmath4 be a subset of @xmath5 and @xmath6 a partition of @xmath4 such that @xmath7 ( @xmath8 denotes the number of blocks in @xmath6 ) . the @xmath0-coalescent process starting from @xmath6 , introduced independently by pitman@xcite and sagitov@xcite , is denoted by @xmath9 , where @xmath10 and @xmath0 i... | this paper provides a new construction of-coalescents called `` measure division construction '' . this construction is pathwise and consists of dividing the characteristic measure into several parts and adding them one by one to have a whole process . using this construction , a `` universal '' normalization factor fo... | this paper provides a new construction of-coalescents called `` measure division construction '' . this construction is pathwise and consists of dividing the characteristic measure into several parts and adding them one by one to have a whole process . using this construction , a `` universal '' normalization factor fo... |
1003.0150 | i | in this paper we use mellin transform techniques to analyze three types of functions arising separately in the analysis of algorithms : multidimensional divide - and - conquer and two different types of weighted digital sums . + the multidimensional divide - and - conquer ( mdc ) recurrence first appeared in the descri... | this paper studies three types of functions arising separately in the analysis of algorithms that we analyze exactly using similar mellin transform techniques . the first is the solution to a multidimensional divide - and - conquer ( mdc ) recurrence that arises when solving problems on points in-dimensional space .... | this paper studies three types of functions arising separately in the analysis of algorithms that we analyze exactly using similar mellin transform techniques . the first is the solution to a multidimensional divide - and - conquer ( mdc ) recurrence that arises when solving problems on points in-dimensional space .... |
1509.06607 | i | observations of carbon monoxide ( co ) provide a robust window into circumstellar chemistry . due to the large percentage of carbon ( @xmath9 to @xmath10 ) and oxygen ( @xmath11 ) tied up in co in the early stages of young stellar object ( yso ) formation @xcite , co is a valuable tracer of chemical inheritance from th... | we find [co]/[co ] values ranging from 85 to 165 , significantly higher than those of the local interstellar medium ( to 69 ) . these observations are evidence for isotopic heterogeneity in carbon reservoirs in solar - type yso environments , and encourage the need for refined galactic chemical evolution models to expl... | this study reports an unusual heterogeneity in [co]/[co ] abundance ratios of carbon monoxide observed in the gas phase toward seven solar - mass ysos and three dense foreground clouds in the nearby star - forming regions , ophiuchus , corona australis , orion , vela and an isolated core , l43 . robust isotope ratios w... |
1509.06607 | c | we find significant heterogeneity in gas - phase [ @xmath0c@xmath1o]/[@xmath2c@xmath1o ] toward our targets ( figures [ gc_co_plot ] and [ ice_vs_ratio ] ) , with most values falling above local ism values of @xmath334 , as determined by sub - millimeter observations @xcite . the large spread in [ @xmath0c@xmath1o]/[@x... | the oxygen isotope ratios are consistent with isotopologue - specific photodissociation by co self - shielding toward the disks , vv cra n and hl tau , further substantiating models predicting co self - shielding on disk surfaces . however , we find that co self - shielding is an unlikely general explanation for the hi... | this study reports an unusual heterogeneity in [co]/[co ] abundance ratios of carbon monoxide observed in the gas phase toward seven solar - mass ysos and three dense foreground clouds in the nearby star - forming regions , ophiuchus , corona australis , orion , vela and an isolated core , l43 . robust isotope ratios w... |
1509.06607 | c | heterogenous [ @xmath0c@xmath1o]/[@xmath2c@xmath1o ] gas - phase abundance ratios , with several unusually high values , have been found using infrared absorption spectroscopy at very high resolution toward a sample of ysos in nearby star - forming clouds . a possible partial explanation for this trend may be co isotop... | this study reports an unusual heterogeneity in [co]/[co ] abundance ratios of carbon monoxide observed in the gas phase toward seven solar - mass ysos and three dense foreground clouds in the nearby star - forming regions , ophiuchus , corona australis , orion , vela and an isolated core , l43 . | this study reports an unusual heterogeneity in [co]/[co ] abundance ratios of carbon monoxide observed in the gas phase toward seven solar - mass ysos and three dense foreground clouds in the nearby star - forming regions , ophiuchus , corona australis , orion , vela and an isolated core , l43 . robust isotope ratios w... |
1606.08265 | i | we have presented nrqcd calculations for the differential production cross sections of prompt j/@xmath1 and prompt @xmath1(2s ) in p+p collisions . for the j/@xmath1 meson , all the relevant contributions from higher mass states are estimated . measured transverse momentum distributions of @xmath1(2s ) , @xmath0 and j/... | this work presents the differential charmonia production cross sections in high energy p+p collisions calculated using nrqcd formalism . measured transverse momentum distributions of ,(2s ) and j/ in p + collisions at 1.8 , 1.96 tev and in p+p collisions at 7 , 8 and 13 tev are used to constrain ldmes . the feed - down... | this work presents the differential charmonia production cross sections in high energy p+p collisions calculated using nrqcd formalism . the nrqcd formalism , factorizes the quarkonia production cross sections in terms of short distance qcd cross sections and long distance matrix elements ( ldmes ) . the short distance... |
1304.3179 | i | cellular systems are evolving into heterogeneous networks consisting of distributed base stations ( bss ) covering overlapping areas of different sizes , and thus the problems of interference management and cell association are becoming complicated and challenging @xcite . one of the most promising solutions to these p... | the problem of maximizing the weighted sum - rate with respect to both the precoding matrix and the joint correlation matrix of the quantization noises is formulated subject to power and backhaul capacity constraints . an iterative algorithm is proposed that achieves a stationary point of the problem . moreover , in or... | this work studies the joint design of precoding and backhaul compression strategies for the downlink of cloud radio access networks . in these systems , a central encoder is connected to multiple multi - antenna base stations ( bss ) via finite - capacity backhaul links . at the central encoder , precoding is followed ... |
1304.3179 | c | in this work , we have studied the design of joint precoding and compression strategies for the downlink of cloud radio access networks where the bss are connected to the central encoder via finite - capacity backhaul links . unlike the conventional approaches where the signals corresponding to different bss are compre... | this work studies the joint design of precoding and backhaul compression strategies for the downlink of cloud radio access networks . in these systems the signals intended for different bss are compressed independently . in contrast robust design with respect to imperfect channel state information is also discussed . f... | this work studies the joint design of precoding and backhaul compression strategies for the downlink of cloud radio access networks . in these systems , a central encoder is connected to multiple multi - antenna base stations ( bss ) via finite - capacity backhaul links . at the central encoder , precoding is followed ... |
1406.0512 | i | observations over the past few years have shown that many transiting exoplanets ( principally hot jupiters ) have significantly non - zero orbital inclinations . this is , in most cases , measured via the rossiter - mclaughlin effect , which is a probe of the sky - projected orbital inclination ( @xmath3 ) , also known... | transiting planets around rapidly rotating stars are not amenable to precise radial velocity observations , such as are used for planet candidate validation , as they have wide , rotationally broadened stellar lines . such planets can , however , be observed using doppler tomography , wherein the stellar absorption lin... | transiting planets around rapidly rotating stars are not amenable to precise radial velocity observations , such as are used for planet candidate validation , as they have wide , rotationally broadened stellar lines . such planets can , however , be observed using doppler tomography , wherein the stellar absorption lin... |
1407.1161 | i | the investigation of heat conduction in low dimensional nonlinear lattices has attracted ever increasing attention in the statistical physics community @xcite . although early relevant work @xcite can be traced back to @xmath0 , an increased activity has spurred since the discovery of anomalous heat conduction occurrin... | transport and the spread of heat in hamiltonian one dimensional ( 1d ) momentum conserving nonlinear systems is commonly thought to proceed anomalously . we demonstrate that the second temporal derivative of the mean squared deviation of the momentum spread is proportional to the equilibrium correlation of the total mo... | transport and the spread of heat in hamiltonian one dimensional ( 1d ) momentum conserving nonlinear systems is commonly thought to proceed anomalously . notable exceptions , however , do exist of which the coupled rotator model is a prominent case . therefore , the quest arises to identify the origin of manifest anoma... |
1407.1161 | c | the objective of studying energy and momentum transport in low - dimensional systems has recently attracted renewed interest in view of profound advances in theory , namely ( i ) the derivation of new transport relations @xcite and ( ii ) new insight into scaling behaviors @xcite . apart from the role of energy spread ... | therefore , the quest arises to identify the origin of manifest anomalous energy and momentum transport in those low dimensional systems . our numerical validation of the hypothesis involves four distinct archetype classes of nonlinear pair - interaction potentials : ( i ) a globally bounded pair interaction ( the note... | transport and the spread of heat in hamiltonian one dimensional ( 1d ) momentum conserving nonlinear systems is commonly thought to proceed anomalously . notable exceptions , however , do exist of which the coupled rotator model is a prominent case . therefore , the quest arises to identify the origin of manifest anoma... |
1007.1595 | c | in this paper we have shown how to treat the effect of the ehrenfest time on correlation functions of arbitrarily many pairs of scattering matrices . in our semiclassical approach we extended and combined the zero ehrenfest time approach @xcite ( which leads to the rmt result ) and the @xmath39 ehrenfest time approach ... | we calculate the dependence of correlation functions of arbitrarily many pairs of scattering matrices at different energies on the ehrenfest time using trajectory based semiclassical methods . this enables us to verify the prediction from effective random matrix theory that one part of the correlation function obtains ... | transport properties of open chaotic ballistic systems and their statistics can be expressed in terms of the scattering matrix connecting incoming and outgoing wavefunctions . here we calculate the dependence of correlation functions of arbitrarily many pairs of scattering matrices at different energies on the ehrenfes... |
0902.3717 | i | singlet @xmath17 ( @xmath0 ) @xmath6 correlations in quasi-2d neutron systems were studied in a simplified model of neutrons confined in a slab with a certain thickness . the finite - range effective nuclear forces , the gogny d1s and minnesota forces , were adopted for the study . the strength of the two - body intera... | two - neutron correlation in the channel in quasi two - dimensional ( 2d ) neutron systems at zero temperature is studied by means of the bcs theory with finite - range effective nuclear forces . the dineutron correlation in low density neutron systems confined in an infinite slab is investigated in a simplified model ... | two - neutron correlation in the channel in quasi two - dimensional ( 2d ) neutron systems at zero temperature is studied by means of the bcs theory with finite - range effective nuclear forces . the dineutron correlation in low density neutron systems confined in an infinite slab is investigated in a simplified model ... |
1211.0493 | i | if each finite subset of a group @xmath6 injects into some nilpotent ( or finite ) quotient of @xmath6 , then it is reasonable to expect that one will be able to detect many properties of @xmath6 from the totality of its nilpotent ( or finite ) quotients . attempts to lend precision to this observation , and to test it... | two groups are said to have the same nilpotent genus if they have the same nilpotent quotients . we answer four questions of baumslag concerning nilpotent completions . ( i ) there exists a pair of finitely generated , residually torsion - free - nilpotent groups of the same nilpotent genus such that one is finitely pr... | two groups are said to have the same nilpotent genus if they have the same nilpotent quotients . we answer four questions of baumslag concerning nilpotent completions . ( i ) there exists a pair of finitely generated , residually torsion - free - nilpotent groups of the same nilpotent genus such that one is finitely pr... |
0905.1185 | i | let @xmath1 be a hopf algebra over a field @xmath2 , for example , a group algebra . as is well known , the category of @xmath1-modules , denoted by @xmath3 , is a @xmath2-linear monoidal category . we say that two hopf algebras @xmath1 and @xmath4 are _ monoidally morita equivalent _ if @xmath3 and @xmath5 are equival... | two hopf algebras are called monoidally morita equivalent if module categories over them are equivalent as linear monoidal categories . , we show , for any integer , the number of elements of order is a monoidal morita invariant for finite group algebras . we also describe relations between our construction and invaria... | two hopf algebras are called monoidally morita equivalent if module categories over them are equivalent as linear monoidal categories . we introduce monoidal morita invariants for finite - dimensional hopf algebras based on certain braid group representations arising from the drinfeld double construction . as an applic... |
1307.1731 | i | unification by orientation is the simplest picture historically invoked to explain the difference between different classes of active galactic nuclei ( agn ; e.g. * ? ? ? * ; * ? ? ? * ; * ? ? ? * ; * ? ? ? * ) and in particular , between luminous radio galaxies and radio - loud quasars ( e.g. * ? ? ? * ) . in this sch... | unification by orientation is a ubiquitous concept in the study of active galactic nuclei . historically , strong support for this model was provided by the projected sizes of radio structure in luminous radio galaxies , which were found to be significantly larger than those of quasars , as predicted due to simple geom... | unification by orientation is a ubiquitous concept in the study of active galactic nuclei . a gold standard of the orientation paradigm is the hypothesis that radio galaxies and radio - loud quasars are intrinsically the same , but are observed over different ranges of viewing angles . historically , strong support for... |
1307.1731 | r | our general approach is to perform simulated versions of the original b89 , s13 , and b13 tests while varying several parameters . in all cases we use the real redshifts of objects in the samples , which are converted into angular size distances . we assign each object an intrinsic size by drawing from one of the three... | _ we find that , while it is possible to reconcile conflicting results purely within a simple , orientation - based framework , it is very unlikely . _ we analyze the effects that sample size , relative numbers of radio galaxies and quasars , the critical angle that separates the two subclasses , and the shape of the i... | unification by orientation is a ubiquitous concept in the study of active galactic nuclei . a gold standard of the orientation paradigm is the hypothesis that radio galaxies and radio - loud quasars are intrinsically the same , but are observed over different ranges of viewing angles . historically , strong support for... |
1307.1731 | c | cast solely in terms of viewing angle , recent results in the literature strongly contradict unification by orientation for radio galaxies and radio - loud quasars , as the prediction that rgs should have larger projected radio - source sizes due to a more edge - on perspective is not confirmed . however , it is highly... | a gold standard of the orientation paradigm is the hypothesis that radio galaxies and radio - loud quasars are intrinsically the same , but are observed over different ranges of viewing angles . cast solely in terms of viewing angle effects , these results provide convincing evidence that unification of these objects s... | unification by orientation is a ubiquitous concept in the study of active galactic nuclei . a gold standard of the orientation paradigm is the hypothesis that radio galaxies and radio - loud quasars are intrinsically the same , but are observed over different ranges of viewing angles . historically , strong support for... |
1210.2685 | i | the study of magnetic systems is one of the most active fields of research in condensed matter physics @xcite : the variety of emerging ground - states , as well as the rich phase diagram of magnetic lattices , makes these systems an optimal testbed to probe the competition between various orders and frustration effec... | we then compare such results with those based on dmrg numerical simulations of the bose - hubbard model for various values of and for a number of lattice sites as low as . we find an excellent agreement up to between the output of analytical and numerical computations , even for relatively small values of . | using a similarity hamiltonian renormalization procedure , we determine an effective spin-1/2 representation of the bose - hubbard model at half - integer filling and at a finite on - site interaction energy . by means of bosonization , we are able to recast the effective hamiltonian as that of a spin-1/2 xxz magnetic ... |
1602.02734 | i | a wide range of phenomena in physics , biology , chemistry and materials science are caused by strong spatial variations in thermodynamic quantities , such as pressure or temperature , on a microscopic scale . some of these effects are related to temperature gradients which may , for instance , be induced by ultrasonic... | using non - equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations , it has been recently demonstrated that water molecules align in response to an imposed temperature gradient , resulting in an effective electric field . here , we investigate how thermally induced fields depend on the underlying treatment of long - ranged interac... | using non - equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations , it has been recently demonstrated that water molecules align in response to an imposed temperature gradient , resulting in an effective electric field . here , we investigate how thermally induced fields depend on the underlying treatment of long - ranged interac... |
1602.02734 | r | in this section , we present the key results for the temperature and density profiles ( sec . [ subsec : restemp ] ) , the multipole expansions ( sec . [ subsec : resmoments ] ) , the potential ( sec . [ subsec : respot ] ) , the field ( sec . [ subsec : resfield ] ) and the polarisation ( sec . [ subsec : respol ] )... | we show that this discrepancy can be traced back to the use of an incorrect kernel in the calculation of the electrostatic field . we show that , for inhomogeneous polarisations , the quadrupole contribution can be significant and even outweigh the dipole contribution to the field . in particular , we show that averagi... | using non - equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations , it has been recently demonstrated that water molecules align in response to an imposed temperature gradient , resulting in an effective electric field . here , we investigate how thermally induced fields depend on the underlying treatment of long - ranged interac... |
1505.04857 | i | using self - consistent , 3d @xmath0-body simulations , we have investigated the physical properties of tidal features induced in a disk galaxy interacting with its companion . the disk galaxy consists of a halo , a bulge , and a stellar disk , corresponding to milky - way type galaxies , all of which are represented b... | using self - consistent three - dimensional ( 3d )-body simulations , we investigate the physical properties of non - axisymmetric features in a disk galaxy created by a tidal interaction with its companion . the primary galaxy consists of a stellar disk , a bugle , and a live halo , corresponding to milky - way type g... | using self - consistent three - dimensional ( 3d )-body simulations , we investigate the physical properties of non - axisymmetric features in a disk galaxy created by a tidal interaction with its companion . the primary galaxy consists of a stellar disk , a bugle , and a live halo , corresponding to milky - way type g... |
astro-ph9707232 | c | perhaps the most striking result of this study is that , whether the clusters appear dynamically `` mature '' or not , the incidence of elliptical galaxies is already very high . put another way , the elliptical fraction is high whether or not ellipticals are collected into dense , central regions . this suggests that ... | straightforward , though probably not unique , interpretations of these observations are ( 1 ) morphological segregation proceeds hierarchically , affecting richer , denser groups of galaxies earlier , and ( 2 ) the formation of elliptical galaxies predates the formation of rich clusters , and occurs instead in the loo... | using traditional morphological classifications of galaxies in 10 intermediate - redshift ( z 0.5 ) clusters observed with wfpc-2 on the hubble space telescope , we derive relations between morphology and local galaxy density similar to that found by dressler for low - redshift clusters . taken collectively , the `` mo... |
astro-ph0411154 | i | the study of the probability distribution of the primordial density fluctuations in the universe is one of the most fundamental challenges in the present day cosmology . the determination of this probability distribution could constrain the ensemble of cosmological theories of the formation of primordial density fluctu... | we adapt the smooth tests of goodness of fit developed by to the study of the non - gaussianity of interferometric observations of the cosmic microwave background ( cmb ) . the method can also deal with non - uniform or incomplete coverage of the plane . [ firstpage ] methods : data analysis methods : statistical ... | we adapt the smooth tests of goodness of fit developed by to the study of the non - gaussianity of interferometric observations of the cosmic microwave background ( cmb ) . the interferometric measurements ( visibilities ) are transformed into signal - to - noise eigenmodes , and then the method is applied directly in ... |
1012.4102 | i | in the core accretion model of planet formation , at the earliest stages of giant planet formation , the planet is fully embedded in the gaseous disc that orbits the central star @xcite . at later stages , during run - away - gas accretion , tidal forces due to the planet open a gap in the disc , typically when the pla... | we analyse some properties of circumplanetary discs . flow through such discs may provide most of the mass to gas giant planets , and such discs are likely sites for the formation of regular satellites . the tidal torques from the star remove the disc angular momentum near the disc outer edge and permit the accreting d... | we analyse some properties of circumplanetary discs . flow through such discs may provide most of the mass to gas giant planets , and such discs are likely sites for the formation of regular satellites . we model these discs as accretion discs subject to the tidal forces of the central star . the tidal torques from the... |
1012.4102 | c | we have analysed the dynamics of a circumplanetary disc as an accretion disc subject to the tidal forces of the central star . we applied several techniques : ballistic particle orbits , one - dimensional simulations and analytic models , and two - dimensional sph simulations . we have shown that the gas dynamical equa... | we model these discs as accretion discs subject to the tidal forces of the central star . circumplanetary discs are truncated near the radius where periodic ballistic orbits cross , where tidal forces on the disc are strong . this radius occurs at approximately for the planet hill radius . during the t tauri stage of d... | we analyse some properties of circumplanetary discs . flow through such discs may provide most of the mass to gas giant planets , and such discs are likely sites for the formation of regular satellites . we model these discs as accretion discs subject to the tidal forces of the central star . the tidal torques from the... |
1011.3066 | i | equatorial coronal holes ( ech ) present spectroscopists with an unparalleled opportunity to study the source of the fast solar wind . these regions , while being shorter - lived , present us with a significantly less - complex line - of - sight than their well studied , polar cousins ( e.g. , * ? ? ? * ; * ? ? ? * ; *... | we analyze a large , complex equatorial coronal hole ( ech ) and its immediate surroundings with a focus on the roots of the fast solar wind . we focus the bulk of our analysis on interpreting the thermal and spatial dependence of the non - thermal line widths in the ech as measured by _ soho_/sumer by placing the meas... | we analyze a large , complex equatorial coronal hole ( ech ) and its immediate surroundings with a focus on the roots of the fast solar wind . we start by demonstrating that our ech is indeed a source of the fast solar wind at 1 au by examining in situ plasma measurements in conjunction with recently developed measure... |
1011.3066 | c | the observed spatial and thermal dependence of intensity , line centroid , width and line asymmetries presented in this paper provide strict constraints to models for the roots of the fast solar wind . the transition region line profiles we observe are the result of an intricate balance of hot and cold material at a br... | . the results presented in this paper are consistent with a picture where a significant portion of the energy responsible for the transport of heated mass into the fast solar wind is provided by episodically occurring small - scale events ( likely driven by magnetic reconnection ) in the upper chromosphere and transiti... | we analyze a large , complex equatorial coronal hole ( ech ) and its immediate surroundings with a focus on the roots of the fast solar wind . we start by demonstrating that our ech is indeed a source of the fast solar wind at 1 au by examining in situ plasma measurements in conjunction with recently developed measure... |
astro-ph0410522 | c | in our comparison of disk properties in three populations with ages @xmath8 1 - 2 myr ( taurus ) , 3 - 5 myr ( ori ob1b ) , and 7 - 10 myr ( ori ob1a ) , we have found a clear decrease of disk emission with age . this decrease is apparent at all wavelengths with expected substantial disk contribution to the emission , ... | this decrease implies that significant grain growth and settling towards the midplane has taken place in the inner disks of ori ob1 . we compare the sed of the star detected at both 10 m and 18 m with disk models for similar stellar and accretion parameters . we find that the low m fluxes of this ori ob1b star can not ... | we analyze multi - band photometry of a subsample of low mass stars in the associations ori ob1a and 1b discovered during the cida orion variability survey , which have ages of 7 - 10 myr and 3 - 5 myr , respectively . we obtained photometry at mt hopkins for 6 classical t tauri stars ( ctts ) and 26 weak t tauri stars... |
astro-ph0410522 | i | we have detected clear signatures of disk evolution in samples of accreting stars in the ori ob1a and 1b associations , with ages 7 - 10 myr and 3 - 5 myr , respectively . the mass accretion rates of these stars are consistent with viscous evolution of accretion disks . in addition , we find a significant overall decre... | we analyze multi - band photometry of a subsample of low mass stars in the associations ori ob1a and 1b discovered during the cida orion variability survey , which have ages of 7 - 10 myr and 3 - 5 myr , respectively . we estimate mass accretion rates from the excess luminosity at , and find that they are consistent wi... | we analyze multi - band photometry of a subsample of low mass stars in the associations ori ob1a and 1b discovered during the cida orion variability survey , which have ages of 7 - 10 myr and 3 - 5 myr , respectively . we obtained photometry at mt hopkins for 6 classical t tauri stars ( ctts ) and 26 weak t tauri stars... |
astro-ph9804164 | i | there are at least three ways in which galactic open clusters are an inadequate model for understanding the stellar populations of old galaxies . first , the open clusters have experienced dynamical interactions which can alter the stellar population mix ; for example , by leading to evaporation of low - mass stars whi... | the ultraviolet photometry of the blue stragglers f90 ( s975 ) and f131 ( s1082 ) suggests that these stars have hot subluminous companions . we present a semi - empirical integrated ultraviolet spectrum of m67 , and show that the blue stragglers dominate the integrated spectrum at wavelengths shorter than 2600 . the... | we analyze ultraviolet ( ) images of the old open clusters m67 , ngc 188 , and ngc 6791 obtained with ultraviolet imaging telescope ( uit ) during the second flight of the _ astro _ observatory in march 1995 . twenty stars are detected on the uit image of m67 , including 11 blue stragglers , seven white dwarf candida... |
0801.4382 | i | the past decade has seen extraordinary improvement in our understanding of supermassive black holes ( smbhs ) their growth and evolution , and their links with their host galaxies . we now realize that galaxies hosting smbhs at their centers are the rule rather than the exception . the observed correlations of the mas... | we are conducting a search for supermassive black holes ( smbhs ) with masses below by looking for signs of extremely low - level nuclear activity in nearby galaxies that are not known to be agns . here we show the feasibility of this technique to find agns by applying it to six nearby , face - on spiral galaxies ( ngc... | we are conducting a search for supermassive black holes ( smbhs ) with masses below by looking for signs of extremely low - level nuclear activity in nearby galaxies that are not known to be agns . our survey has the following characteristics : ( a ) x - ray selection using the _ chandra _ x - ray observatory , since ... |
astro-ph0301556 | i | almost 20% of the extrasolar planets detected so far orbit at a distance between 0.038 and 0.1 astronomical unit ( au ) from their host star . it is very unlikely that these short period giant planets , also called hot jupiters , have formed _ in situ _ ( bodenheimer 1998 ; bodenheimer , hubickyj & lissauer 1999 ) . m... | waves propagate outside the lindblad resonances , and also in a restricted region around the magnetic resonances . the magnetic resonances contribute to a significant global torque which , like the lindblad torque , is negative ( positive ) inside ( outside ) the planet s orbit . this leads to outward migration of t... | we calculate the linear torque exerted by a planet on a circular orbit on a disc containing a toroidal magnetic field . all fluid perturbations are singular at the so called _ magnetic resonances _ , where the doppler shifted frequency of the perturbation matches that of a slow mhd wave propagating along the field lin... |
astro-ph0301556 | c | we have calculated the linear torque exerted by a planet on a circular orbit on a disc containing a toroidal magnetic field . in contrast to the nonmagnetic case , there is no singularity at the corotation radius , where the frequency of the perturbation matches the orbital frequency . however , there are two new singu... | we calculate the linear torque exerted by a planet on a circular orbit on a disc containing a toroidal magnetic field . in addition , if increases fast enough with radius , the outer magnetic resonance becomes less important and the total torque is then negative , dominated by the inner magnetic resonance . a planet mi... | we calculate the linear torque exerted by a planet on a circular orbit on a disc containing a toroidal magnetic field . all fluid perturbations are singular at the so called _ magnetic resonances _ , where the doppler shifted frequency of the perturbation matches that of a slow mhd wave propagating along the field lin... |
1111.4370 | i | in early 1970 s , efimov pointed out a possibility of having an infinite number of three - body bound states even when none exists in the separate two - body subsystems @xcite . this occurs when the two - body scattering length is much larger than the range of the two - body interaction . as a candidate of such three ... | the method has extensively been used for a variety of three- , four- and five - body systems in nuclear physics and exotic atomic / molecular physics . the trimer ( tetramer ) wave function is expanded in terms of symmetric three-(four-)body gaussian basis functions , ranging from very compact to very diffuse , without... | we calculated thehe trimer and tetramer ground and excited states with the lm2m2 potential using our gaussian expansion method ( gem ) for _ ab initio _ variational calculations of few - body systems . the method has extensively been used for a variety of three- , four- and five - body systems in nuclear physics and ex... |
1111.4370 | i | we have calculated the ground and excited states of @xmath0he trimer and tetramer using the lm2m2 potential which has a strong short - range repulsive potential and is one of the most widely used @xmath0he-@xmath0he interactions . we employed the gaussian expansion method ( gem ) for _ ab initio _ variational calculati... | we calculated thehe trimer and tetramer ground and excited states with the lm2m2 potential using our gaussian expansion method ( gem ) for _ ab initio _ variational calculations of few - body systems . binding energies of the tetramer ground and excited states are obtained to be 558.98 mk and 127.33 mk ( 0.93 mk below ... | we calculated thehe trimer and tetramer ground and excited states with the lm2m2 potential using our gaussian expansion method ( gem ) for _ ab initio _ variational calculations of few - body systems . the method has extensively been used for a variety of three- , four- and five - body systems in nuclear physics and ex... |
astro-ph9901046 | c | in this paper , we have examined morphological and dynamical differences between simulations of relativistic and nonrelativistic jets , including the age , efficiency , velocity field , and internal structure of the jets as well as the size of the cocoon . an important result of these comparisons is that the velocity f... | the primary result of these comparisons is that the velocity field of nonrelativistic jet simulations can_not _ be scaled up to give the spatial distribution of lorentz factors seen in relativistic simulations . since the local lorentz factor plays a major role in determining the total intensity for parsec scale extrag... | we compare results from a relativistic and a nonrelativistic set of 2d axisymmetric jet simulations . for a set of five relativistic simulations that either increase the lorentz factor or decrease the adiabatic index we compute nonrelativistic simulations with equal useful power or thrust . we examine these simulations... |
0906.4703 | c | since pne are formed in the late stages of the evolution of low mass stars , they should trace the stellar mass of galaxies . in galaxy clusters , this means that ipne should , in principle , trace the diffuse intracluster light formed from stars stripped from their host galaxies . we have compared the icl detected in ... | we find a rough correspondence on large scales ( 100 kpc ) between the two , but with very large scatter ( 1.3 mag / arcsec ) . on smaller scales ( 1 10 kpc ) , the presence or absence of correlation is clearly dependent on the underlying surface brightness . on these scales , while a correlation between broadband lig... | we compare the distribution of diffuse intracluster light detected in the virgo cluster via broadband imaging with that inferred from searches for intracluster planetary nebulae ( ipne ) . we find a rough correspondence on large scales ( 100 kpc ) between the two , but with very large scatter ( 1.3 mag / arcsec ) . on ... |
hep-th9911158 | i | highly extended supergravity theories have long been seen as potential theories of quantum gravity although they were displaced by superstring theories @xcite as favored candidates for a `` final theory '' . the ( quantum ) m theory has 10 dimensional supergravities as low energy limits and might be thought of either a... | the infinities have the primitive yang - mills tree amplitude as a common factor . i supergravities * * * 2.cm david c. dunbar , bernard julia , domenico seminara and mario trigiante 0.5 cm _department of physics , university of wales swansea , swansea , uk _ | we compute the one - loop divergences of , supergravity and of its reduction to . we study the tensor structure of the counterterms appearing in and and compare these to expressions previously found in the low energy expansion of string theory . the infinities have the primitive yang - mills tree amplitude as a common ... |
0704.1037 | i | techniques developed in atomic physics during the last two decades allow the preparation of single atoms and ions in the laboratory . single neutral atoms can be stored and laser cooled in far off - resonance laser traps ( fort ) @xcite , and arrays of atoms can be prepared in an optical lattice via a mott insulator ph... | the ion charge induces in the atom an electric dipole moment , which attracts it with an dependence at large distances . in the regime considered here , the characteristic range of the atom - ion interaction is comparable or larger than the characteristic size of the trapping potential , which excludes the application ... | we consider a system composed of a trapped atom and a trapped ion . the ion charge induces in the atom an electric dipole moment , which attracts it with an dependence at large distances . in the regime considered here , the characteristic range of the atom - ion interaction is comparable or larger than the characteris... |
0704.1037 | r | we turn now to the analysis of the adiabatic eigenenergies and eigenstates as a function of the trap separation @xmath10 , and of the trapping potential geometry . we start our analysis from the simplest case of quasi-1d traps , where the dynamics takes place effectively in 1d , while the assumptions of equal trapping ... | our analysis is extended to quasi - one - dimensional geometries , when the scattering exhibit confinement - induced resonances , similar to the ones studied before for short - range interactions . for quasi - one - dimensional systems we investigate the effects of coupling between the center of mass and relative motio... | we consider a system composed of a trapped atom and a trapped ion . the ion charge induces in the atom an electric dipole moment , which attracts it with an dependence at large distances . in the regime considered here , the characteristic range of the atom - ion interaction is comparable or larger than the characteris... |
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