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0901.1050 | c | the hidden charge model ( shortly : the model ) is introduced by two concepts : @xcite conceptual separation of mass and energy behind @xmath204 , and @xcite a new entity for an initial cosmological liquid . the model remains in four dimensions , has a clearly arranged particle spectrum confined by the tev scale , and ... | the defects are formed by the shaping power of levy distribution ( preponderant component , hierarchy , damping factor ) . a relation between the number of galaxies , the tilt in the density fluctuation , and the temperature amplitude of the cmb this allows a geometric interpretation of the stony dark energy as flat... | a new thermodynamics for liquids related to von laue s approach ( 1917 ) substitutes some particle priors of gibb s rational thermodynamics . this allows the definition of a new dynamic entity ( defect ) whose diffusion properties also claim a largest causal region ( speckle ) . in the frame of the hidden charge model ... |
1107.0468 | i | a conventional approach to nonlinear electromagnetic scattering problems is based on the power series expansion in a nonlinear susceptibility @xmath0 . for example , for the 2nd order susceptibility , the physical parameter that determines nonlinear effects is @xmath1 where @xmath2 is the electric field at the scatteri... | a nonlinear electromagnetic scattering problem is studied in the presence of bound states in the radiation continuum . it is shown that the solution is not analytic in the nonlinear susceptibility and the conventional perturbation theory fails . a non - perturbative approach is proposed and applied to the system of two... | a nonlinear electromagnetic scattering problem is studied in the presence of bound states in the radiation continuum . it is shown that the solution is not analytic in the nonlinear susceptibility and the conventional perturbation theory fails . a non - perturbative approach is proposed and applied to the system of two... |
1507.00406 | i | inspiralling compact binaries containing spinning neutron stars and ( or ) black holes ( bhs ) are key sources for the network of second generation interferometric gravitational wave ( gw ) detectors @xcite . these instruments include the two advanced ligo ( aligo ) observatories @xcite , the advanced virgo @xcite , th... | a precessing source frame , constructed using the newtonian orbital angular momentum , can be invoked to model inspiral gravitational waves from generic spinning compact binaries . however , this convention usually employs a post - newtonian ( pn ) accurate precessional equation , appropriate for the pn accurate orbita... | a precessing source frame , constructed using the newtonian orbital angular momentum , can be invoked to model inspiral gravitational waves from generic spinning compact binaries . an attractive feature of such a precessing convention is its ability to remove all spin precession induced modulations from the orbital pha... |
1410.0721 | i | lateral motion of membrane components is required for proper physiological functioning in cellular biology @xcite and serves as fertile grounds for biophysical studies involving lipid bilayer model systems @xcite . a key aspect of dynamics taking place at the membrane surface is hydrodynamic flow , both within the memb... | the method is used to validate recent analytical predictions by oppenheimer and diamant [ biophys . j. , 96 , 3041 , 2009 ] related to the coupled diffusion of membrane embedded proteins and is shown to converge to known near - field lubrication results as objects closely approach one another , however the present meth... | a recently introduced numerical scheme for calculating self - diffusion coefficients of solid objects embedded in lipid bilayer membranes is extended to enable calculation of hydrodynamic interactions between multiple objects . the method is used to validate recent analytical predictions by oppenheimer and diamant [ bi... |
1602.07072 | i | a timelike metric space is a hausdorff topological space @xmath1 equipped with a partial order relation @xmath2 and a distance function @xmath3 which plays the role of a metric . this metric is asymmetric in the sense that the distance from @xmath4 to @xmath5 is not necessarily equal to the the distance from @xmath5 to... | a timelike metric space is a hausdorff topological space equipped with a partial order relation and a distance function satisfying a set of axioms including certain compatibility conditions between these two objects . herbert busemann developed an axiomatic theory of timelike metric spaces and of locally timelike metri... | a timelike metric space is a hausdorff topological space equipped with a partial order relation and a distance function satisfying a set of axioms including certain compatibility conditions between these two objects . the distance function is defined only on a certain subset ( whose definition uses the partial order ) ... |
0706.0395 | i | photonic crystals ( phc ) embedded in planar waveguides , also called phc slabs , are at the heart of current research on photonic crystals@xcite because of the possibility of confining light in all spatial directions combined with the advantage of a lithographic definition of the pattern . the propagation of light in ... | et al . _ , lett . * 87 * , 061107 ( 2005 ) ] , the triangular lattice of triangular air holes may allow to achieve a complete photonic band gap in two - dimensional photonic crystal slabs . in this work we present a systematic theoretical study of this photonic lattice in a high - index membrane , and a comparison wit... | according to a recent proposal [ s. takayama _ et al . _ , appl . phys . lett . * 87 * , 061107 ( 2005 ) ] , the triangular lattice of triangular air holes may allow to achieve a complete photonic band gap in two - dimensional photonic crystal slabs . in this work we present a systematic theoretical study of this photo... |
1409.8401 | i | superstring theory in a flat ten dimensional space time can provide a framework to describe the elementary particles and their interactions including gravity beyond the standard model . the heterotic string theory , with its elegant inclusion of gauge symmetry , can naturally accommodate models with grand unification... | all the models of elementary particles and their interactions derived from string theory involve a compact six dimensional internal space . its volume and shape should be fixed or stabilized , since otherwise massless scalar fields ( moduli ) reflecting their deformations appear in our four dimensional space time , ... | all the models of elementary particles and their interactions derived from string theory involve a compact six dimensional internal space . its volume and shape should be fixed or stabilized , since otherwise massless scalar fields ( moduli ) reflecting their deformations appear in our four dimensional space time , ... |
astro-ph9808359 | c | 0.2 in we ran 53 different simulations , varying all possible galaxy parameters and allowed up to 75% of the galaxy s gas to undergo starburst . while we could significantly change the galaxies total color , creating very blue lsb galaxies , it was virtually impossible ( without placing a high threshold criteria for th... | although numerous simulations have been done to understand the effects of intense bursts of star formation on high surface brightness galaxies , few attempts have been made to understand how localized starbursts would affect both the color and surface brightness of low surface brightness ( lsb ) galaxies . to remedy th... | although numerous simulations have been done to understand the effects of intense bursts of star formation on high surface brightness galaxies , few attempts have been made to understand how localized starbursts would affect both the color and surface brightness of low surface brightness ( lsb ) galaxies . to remedy th... |
1212.2265 | i | when the particle systems have the characteristic momenta which are of the same order or even much larger than the masses of the particles involved , it is part of nature that a relativistic treatment is called for in order to describe those systems properly . in particular , relativistic effects are most essential to ... | among the three forms of relativistic hamiltonian dynamics proposed by dirac in 1949 , the instant form and the front form can be interpolated by introducing an interpolation angle between the ordinary time and the light - front time . using this method , we introduce the interpolating scattering amplitude that links t... | among the three forms of relativistic hamiltonian dynamics proposed by dirac in 1949 , the instant form and the front form can be interpolated by introducing an interpolation angle between the ordinary time and the light - front time . using this method , we introduce the interpolating scattering amplitude that links t... |
1308.1846 | i | research in estimating losses for catastrophes have led to the development of a wide variety of earthquake loss models . earthquake loss models can generate loss values before an event occurs or while an event is evolving or after an event occurs . earthquake loss models can be classified as probabilistic , determinist... | an automated , real - time , multiple sensor data source relying and globally applicable earthquake loss model and visualiser is desirable for post - event earthquake analysis . to achieve this there is a need to support rapid data ingestion , loss estimation and integration of data from multiple data sources and rapid... | an automated , real - time , multiple sensor data source relying and globally applicable earthquake loss model and visualiser is desirable for post - event earthquake analysis . to achieve this there is a need to support rapid data ingestion , loss estimation and integration of data from multiple data sources and rapid... |
1308.1846 | r | this section in the first instance considers the experimental platform and the user interface of ape - elev , followed by feasibility and validation studies of the ape - elev model . the feasibility of ape - elev is confirmed using a test case earthquake of magnitude 9.0 that occurred on 11th march 2011 , commonly know... | the feasibility of ape - elev is demonstrated using a test case earthquake that occurred in tohoku , japan ( 2011 ) . the ape - elev model is further validated for ten global earthquakes using industry loss data . example.eps gsave newpath 20 20 moveto 20 220 lineto 220 220 lineto 220 20 lineto closepath 2 setlinewi... | an automated , real - time , multiple sensor data source relying and globally applicable earthquake loss model and visualiser is desirable for post - event earthquake analysis . to achieve this there is a need to support rapid data ingestion , loss estimation and integration of data from multiple data sources and rapid... |
0803.4186 | c | a general effective description for nanoparticles was presented , starting from a smoothing procedure in which the real spatial density profile inside the nanoparticles is replaced by a spherically symmetric one . the resulting effective interactions between a nanoparticle and a point particle as well as between two na... | an effective description for spherical nanoparticles in a fluid of point particles is presented . the resulting effective pair interactions between a nanoparticle and a point particle , as well as between two nanoparticles , are then given by spherically symmetric potentials . if overlap between particles is allowed , ... | an effective description for spherical nanoparticles in a fluid of point particles is presented . the points inside the nanoparticles and the point particles are assumed to interact via spherically symmetric additive pair potentials , while the distribution of points inside the nanoparticles is taken to be spherically ... |
1202.4854 | i | entanglement is one of the key features of quantum mechanics , and during the past decades it has been demonstrated experimentally in many different physical systems . by coherent control of interacting quantum systems , entangled states can be engineered directly @xcite . alternatively , entanglement can be establishe... | an entanglement - generating protocol is described for two qubits coupled to a cavity field in the bad - cavity limit . by measuring the amplitude of a field transmitted through the cavity , an entangled spin - singlet state can be established probabilistically . the measurement - based protocol provides criteria for s... | an entanglement - generating protocol is described for two qubits coupled to a cavity field in the bad - cavity limit . by measuring the amplitude of a field transmitted through the cavity , an entangled spin - singlet state can be established probabilistically . both fundamental limitations and practical measurement s... |
cond-mat0004326 | c | we conclude this paper by summarizing the results that we have found . we have examined the self - stabilization of a bec against se by performing a stability analysis of a macroscopically occupied state for photons and two - level atoms , which describes a bec that is coherently coupled to a laser beam . the presence ... | we find that self - stabilization is not possible for becs with a density in the order of . however , the corresponding non - markovian behavior produces significant effects in the decay of excited atoms even for a homogeneous bec interacting with a weak laser beam . we also predict a new channel for spontaneous decay ... | an extended bose - einstein condensate ( bec ) in an optical lattice provides a kind of periodic dielectric and causes band gaps to occur in the spectrum of light propagating through it . we examine the question whether these band gaps can modify the spontaneous emission rate of atoms excited from the bec , and whether... |
1605.04945 | i | when inflation surpasses moderate levels it damages real economic activities . for instance , it affects government s tax revenues because they are effectively received a period later after the declaration that fix them @xcite . the perception of relative prices changes becomes more difficult since it is not easy to di... | the consumer price index ( cpi ) exhibits a finite time singularity of the type , with , predicting a blow up of the economy at a critical time . however , this model fails in determining in the case of weak hyperinflation regimes like , e.g. , that occurred in israel . to overcome this trouble , the nlf model is exten... | an extension of the nonlinear feedback ( nlf ) formalism to describe regimes of hyper- and high - inflation in economy is proposed in the present work . in the nlf model the consumer price index ( cpi ) exhibits a finite time singularity of the type , with , predicting a blow up of the economy at a critical time . howe... |
1605.04945 | i | in the present work we treated regimes of hyper- and high - inflation in economy . in a previous work @xcite it has been found that for a weak hyperinflation , like e.g. that developed in israel , was impossible to determine a value of @xmath2 within the frame of the nlf model . this model is based on a power law with ... | an extension of the nonlinear feedback ( nlf ) formalism to describe regimes of hyper- and high - inflation in economy is proposed in the present work . in the nlf model this hypergeometric function diverges leading to a finite time singularity , from which a value of can be determined . this singularity is also presen... | an extension of the nonlinear feedback ( nlf ) formalism to describe regimes of hyper- and high - inflation in economy is proposed in the present work . in the nlf model the consumer price index ( cpi ) exhibits a finite time singularity of the type , with , predicting a blow up of the economy at a critical time . howe... |
astro-ph0006369 | i | star cluster pairs are common objects in the magellanic clouds and it is important to understand their formation and evolution processes . a list of 30 cluster pairs in the smc was first presented by hatzidimitriou & bhatia ( 1990 ) . bica & schmitt ( 1995 , hereafter bs95 ) revised previous data on smc extended object... | previous n - body simulations indicate that such shapes could be due to tidal tails , bridges or common envelopes . the plates were processed into the present compressed digital form with their permission . the digitized sky survey was produced at the space telescope science institute under us government grant nag w-21... | an isophotal atlas of 75 star cluster pairs and multiplets in the small magellanic cloud is presented , comprising 176 objects . they are concentrated in the smc main body . the isophotal contours were made from digitized sky survey images and showed relevant structural features possibly related to interactions in abou... |
astro-ph0006369 | c | we overlap two age histograms in fig . [ fig : age ] . the dotted line histogram shows objects from table [ tab : interact ] with ages via cmds . there are three peaks , at about 80 , 220 and 450 myr . the first two peaks appear to be present in grebel et al.s ( 2000 ) sample for 200 smc clusters based on ogle - ii d... | they are concentrated in the smc main body . the diameter ratio between the members of a pair is preferentially in the range , with a peak at . the images in this study are based on photographic data obtained using the uk schmidt telescope , which was operated by the royal observatory edinburgh , with funding from the ... | an isophotal atlas of 75 star cluster pairs and multiplets in the small magellanic cloud is presented , comprising 176 objects . they are concentrated in the smc main body . the isophotal contours were made from digitized sky survey images and showed relevant structural features possibly related to interactions in abou... |
astro-ph0006369 | c | we presented an isophotal atlas for 75 star cluster pairs and multiplets in the small magellanic cloud , comprising 176 objects . it was possible to derive ages from colour - magnitude diagrams using the ogle - ii photometric survey for 91 objects . in addition we included in the analysis ages for 21 embedded objects i... | an isophotal atlas of 75 star cluster pairs and multiplets in the small magellanic cloud is presented , comprising 176 objects . the projected separation is in the range pc with a pronounced peak at pc . for 91 objects it was possible to derive ages from colour - magnitude diagrams using the ogle - ii photometric surve... | an isophotal atlas of 75 star cluster pairs and multiplets in the small magellanic cloud is presented , comprising 176 objects . they are concentrated in the smc main body . the isophotal contours were made from digitized sky survey images and showed relevant structural features possibly related to interactions in abou... |
astro-ph0509067 | c | a remnant s outermost debris may carry clues about both the chemistry of the progenitor s outer layers and about the dynamics of the sn explosion . our _ hst _ imaging of the cas a remnant has revealed a surprisingly large population of fast - moving ejecta outside of the ne and sw jet regions . these ejecta knots lie ... | acs filter flux ratios along with follow - up , ground - based spectra are used to investigate some of the kinematic and chemical properties of these outermost ejecta . in this paper , we concentrate on a.5 sq arcmin region located along the eastern limb of the remnant where numerous outer emission knots are optically ... | analysis of broadband _ hst _ acs and wfpc2 images of the young galactic supernova remnant cassiopeia a reveals a far larger population of outlying , high - velocity knots of ejecta with a broader range of chemical properties than previously suspected . acs filter flux ratios along with follow - up , ground - based spe... |
astro-ph0509067 | c | we present an analysis of broadband _ hst _ acs and wfpc2 images of the young galactic supernova remnant cassiopeia a , and concentrate specifically on a @xmath01.5 sq arcmin region located along the easternmost limb of the remnant . this region exhibits numerous outer emission knots that are optically visible due to a... | we identified a total of 69 [ n ii ] , 40 [ o ii ] , and 120 [ s ii ] knots in the small eastern limb region studied . mean transverse velocities derived from observed proper motion for 63 n - rich , 37 o - rich , and 117 fmk - like knots identified in this region were found to be 8100 , 7900 , and 7600 km s , respe... | analysis of broadband _ hst _ acs and wfpc2 images of the young galactic supernova remnant cassiopeia a reveals a far larger population of outlying , high - velocity knots of ejecta with a broader range of chemical properties than previously suspected . acs filter flux ratios along with follow - up , ground - based spe... |
1103.3244 | i | the search for supersymmetry and its breaking , in addition to the direct searches at lep , b - factories , tevatron and the large hadron collider ( lhc ) , is actively pursued using the wmap limits on the relic density constraints . however the sensitivity of the lightest supersymmetric particle relic density calculat... | apart from limits coming from flavour , low energy physics and direct collider searches , these models are usually constrained by the requirement of reproducing the observations on dark matter density in the universe . we reanalyse these bounds and in particular we focus on the dark matter bounds both considering the s... | anomaly mediation is a popular and well motivated supersymmetry breaking scenario . different possible detailed realisations of this set - up are studied and actively searched for at colliders . apart from limits coming from flavour , low energy physics and direct collider searches , these models are usually constraine... |
1103.3244 | c | we have considered in details the constraints on different possible realisations of superconformal anomaly mediation breaking mechanisms in supersymmetry . these constraints include the usual lep , b - factories , tevatron and lhc searches , but also precision constraints of cosmological origin , namely the wmap limits... | different possible detailed realisations of this set - up are studied and actively searched for at colliders . these scenarios do not change the observable cosmology but relic dark matter density bounds strongly depend on them . we consider few benchmark points excluded by standard cosmology dark matter bounds and sugg... | anomaly mediation is a popular and well motivated supersymmetry breaking scenario . different possible detailed realisations of this set - up are studied and actively searched for at colliders . apart from limits coming from flavour , low energy physics and direct collider searches , these models are usually constraine... |
astro-ph0510527 | i | `` debris disks '' surrounding young stars are composed of optically thin dust ( see the reviews by artymowicz 2000 ; lagrange , backman , & artymowicz 2000 ; zuckerman 2001 ) . most debris disks are inferred to exist from measurements of infrared excesses ( e.g. , aumann et al . 1984 ; habing et al . 2001 ; zuckerman... | au microscopii is a 12 myr old m dwarf that harbors an optically thin , edge - on disk of dust . the scattered light surface brightness falls with projected distance from the star as ; within , , while outside 43 au , . the `` inner disk '' at contains grains that migrate inward by corpuscular and poynting - robertson ... | au microscopii is a 12 myr old m dwarf that harbors an optically thin , edge - on disk of dust . the scattered light surface brightness falls with projected distance from the star as ; within , , while outside 43 au , . we devise a theory to explain this profile . at a stellocentric distance , we posit a ring of parent... |
astro-ph0510527 | i | we have constructed a theory to explain the observed optical surface brightness profile and infrared emission spectrum of the debris disk encircling au mic . in our theory , the slope of surface brightness versus projected radius @xmath0 changes abruptly at @xmath348 because a birth ring of planetesimals exists at stel... | we devise a theory to explain this profile . at a stellocentric distance , we posit a ring of parent bodies on circular orbits : the `` birth ring , '' wherein how the vertical optical depth scales with depends on the fraction of grains that migrate inward by cpr drag without suffering a collision . if this fraction is... | au microscopii is a 12 myr old m dwarf that harbors an optically thin , edge - on disk of dust . the scattered light surface brightness falls with projected distance from the star as ; within , , while outside 43 au , . we devise a theory to explain this profile . at a stellocentric distance , we posit a ring of parent... |
0801.4545 | i | high transverse momentum ( ) partons are informative probes of the high energy density matter created in nuclear collisions at the relativistic heavy - ion collider ( rhic ) . these partons lose a large fraction of their energy in the matter prior to forming final state hadrons . such an energy loss is predicted to lea... | comparisons to data suggest that the away - side distribution can be divided into a partially suppressed `` head '' region centered at , and an enhanced `` shoulder '' region centered at . these observations suggest that both the away- and near - side distributions contain a jet fragmentation component which dominates ... | azimuthal angle ( ) correlations are presented for a broad range of transverse momentum ( gev/ ) and centrality ( 0 - 92% ) selections for charged hadrons from di - jets in au+au collisions at = 200 gev . with increasing , the away - side distribution evolves from a broad and relatively flat shape to a concave shape ,... |
0906.1393 | i | the isolation of single layers of carbon ( graphene ) whose low - energy spectrum is described by the dirac - weyl hamiltonian of massless spin-@xmath7 fermions @xcite , has offered physicists the unique possibility to test the predictions of relativistic quantum mechanics in a condensed phase . a particular attention ... | the degeneracy for the corbino disk , which preserves the full symmetry of the dirac equation , for billiards bounded with smooth edges which break the symplectic symmetry , and when abrupt edges lead to strong intervalley scattering . an alternative , analytical or numerical technique , is utilized for each of the bil... | ballistic transport through a collection of quantum billiards in undoped graphene is studied analytically within the conformal mapping technique . the billiards show _ pseudodiffusive _ behavior , with the conductance equal to that of a classical conductor characterized by the conductivity , and the fano factor . by sh... |
1304.6573 | c | in conclusion , we have investigated , by means of morphodynamic modeling of aeolian dunes , the respective roles of bimodal wind regimes , topography , influx asymmetry and dune collisions on the formation and evolution of asymmetric barchan dune shapes . the conclusions of our numerical simulations can be summarized ... | several factors have been identified as potential causes for barchan dune asymmetry on earth and mars : asymmetric bimodal wind regime , topography , influx asymmetry and dune collision . however , the dynamics and potential range of barchan morphologies emerging under each specific scenario that leads to dune asymmetr... | barchan dunes crescent - shaped dunes that form in areas of unidirectional winds and low sand availability commonly display an asymmetric shape , with one limb extended downwind . several factors have been identified as potential causes for barchan dune asymmetry on earth and mars : asymmetric bimodal wind regime , t... |
cond-mat9805013 | i | for a long time , there has been a continuing interest in the definition of atomic charges in solid state physics as well as in chemistry @xcite . this interest lies essentially in the fact that the concept of atomic charge naturally arises in a large diversity of frameworks and is frequently helpful for a simple desc... | based on recent first - principles computations in perovskite compounds , especially batio , we examine the significance of the born effective charge concept and contrast it with other atomic charge definitions , either static ( mulliken , bader ... ) or dynamical ( callen , szigeti ... ) . various results concerning b... | based on recent first - principles computations in perovskite compounds , especially batio , we examine the significance of the born effective charge concept and contrast it with other atomic charge definitions , either static ( mulliken , bader ... ) or dynamical ( callen , szigeti ... ) . it is shown that static and ... |
cond-mat9805013 | c | in this paper , we first analyzed the links between different definitions of atomic charge . we have shown that , contrary to the static definitions , dynamical effective charges also depend on the electronic charge reorganisation induced by an atomic displacement . the amplitude of this dynamical contribution is monit... | the origin of the difference between static and dynamical charges is discussed in terms of local polarizability and delocalized transfers of charge : local models succeed in reproducing anomalous effective charges thanks to large atomic polarizabilities but , in abo compounds , ab initio calculations favor the physica... | based on recent first - principles computations in perovskite compounds , especially batio , we examine the significance of the born effective charge concept and contrast it with other atomic charge definitions , either static ( mulliken , bader ... ) or dynamical ( callen , szigeti ... ) . it is shown that static and ... |
1509.04839 | i | optimal insurance contract design is an important problem , manifested not only in theory but also in insurance and financial practices . the problem is to determine the optimal amount of compensation as a function of the loss called indemnity so as to maximize the insured s satisfaction , subject to the participatio... | . however , their contracts suffer from a problem of moral hazard for paying more compensation for a smaller loss . this paper addresses this setback by exogenously imposing the constraint that both the indemnity function and the insured s retention function be increasing with respect to the loss . we characterize the ... | bernard et al . ( 2015 ) study an optimal insurance design problem where an individual s preference is of the rank - dependent utility ( rdu ) type , and show that in general an optimal contract covers both large and small losses . however , their contracts suffer from a problem of moral hazard for paying more compensa... |
0806.0845 | i | in recent years , it has been debated in the literature about possible alternatives to black holes , the black hole mimickers , which would look observationally almost like black holes but would have no horizon . the existence of such objects can , in principle , put in doubt astrophysical data which otherwise are cons... | black hole mimickers are possible alternatives to black holes , they would look observationally almost like black holes but would have no horizon . the properties in the near - horizon region where gravity is strong can be quite different for both type of objects , but at infinity it could be difficult to discern black... | black hole mimickers are possible alternatives to black holes , they would look observationally almost like black holes but would have no horizon . the properties in the near - horizon region where gravity is strong can be quite different for both type of objects , but at infinity it could be difficult to discern black... |
0806.0845 | c | we have studied wormhole and other configurations as possible mimickers of black holes . we have separated the configurations into non - extremal and extremal . for wormholes , we have examined separately two limiting procedures in which the wormhole throat approaches the black hole horizon . in the first procedure ... | the requirement of full regularity , i.e. , finite curvature and absence of naked behavior , up to an arbitrary neighborhood of the gravitational radius of the object enables one to rule out potential mimickers in most of the cases . a list ranking the best black hole mimickers up to the worse , both non - extremal and... | black hole mimickers are possible alternatives to black holes , they would look observationally almost like black holes but would have no horizon . the properties in the near - horizon region where gravity is strong can be quite different for both type of objects , but at infinity it could be difficult to discern black... |
1310.8303 | i | low mass x - ray binaries ( lmxbs ) , comprising a black hole or neutron star primary ( @xmath8 ) and a low mass main sequence or evolved secondary ( @xmath9 ) , produce x - rays through the accretion of matter onto their primaries ( see reviews by e.g. * ? ? ? * ; * ? ? ? * ; * ? ? ? * ; * ? ? ? all black hole and man... | by comparing the orbital period distributions of black hole and neutron star low mass x - ray binaries ( lmxbs ) in the ritter - kolb catalogue we show that there is statistical evidence for a dearth of black hole systems at short orbital periods ( h ) . this could either be due to a true divergence in orbital period d... | by comparing the orbital period distributions of black hole and neutron star low mass x - ray binaries ( lmxbs ) in the ritter - kolb catalogue we show that there is statistical evidence for a dearth of black hole systems at short orbital periods ( h ) . this could either be due to a true divergence in orbital period d... |
1211.2362 | i | to express macroscopic observables in terms of the microscopic parameters of composite particles , one has to reduce an infinite number of mechanical degrees of freedom to a few hydrodynamical degrees of freedom@xcite . two typical techniques are projection and coarse - graining . in the projection method , one can eit... | it allows us to define the microscopic response to a velocity gradient in a pure state . the dissipation caused by a velocity gradient depends on the square of initial occupation probability , whereas the dissipation caused by a mechanical perturbation depends on the initial occupation probability itself . we apply the... | by viewing a velocity gradient in a fluid as an internal disturbance and treating it as a constraint on the wave function of a system , a linear evolution equation for the wave function is obtained from the lagrange multiplier method . it allows us to define the microscopic response to a velocity gradient in a pure sta... |
1001.2037 | i | the discovery of strong gravitational lensing in q0957@xmath6561 @xcite opened up the possibility of using strong lens systems to study cosmology and astrophysics . roughly a few hundred strong lens systems produced by massive galaxies have been discovered to date , with quasars ( e.g. , * ? ? ? * ) , radio sources ( e... | the lsst should also find some 130 lensed supernovae during the 10-year survey duration , which is compared with lensed supernovae predicted to be found by a deep , space - based supernova survey done by the joint dark energy mission ( jdem ) . while this is encouraging in the sense that these uncertainties are only 50... | cadenced optical imaging surveys in the next decade will be capable of detecting time - varying galaxy - scale strong gravitational lenses in large numbers , increasing the size of the statistically well - defined samples of multiply - imaged quasars by two orders of magnitude , and discovering the first strongly - len... |
1001.2037 | c | we have presented detailed calculations of the likely yields of several planned cadenced surveys , adopting realistic distributions for the lens and source properties , and taking account of the selection functions , including the magnification bias . we find that , for example , the lsst will discover @xmath243 lensed... | we carry out a detailed calculation of the likely yields of several planned surveys , using realistic distributions for the lens and source properties and taking magnification bias and image configuration detectability into account . we find that upcoming wide - field synoptic surveys should detect several thousand len... | cadenced optical imaging surveys in the next decade will be capable of detecting time - varying galaxy - scale strong gravitational lenses in large numbers , increasing the size of the statistically well - defined samples of multiply - imaged quasars by two orders of magnitude , and discovering the first strongly - len... |
1304.0552 | i | given a @xmath0-regular rooted tree , attach to each edge @xmath2 a random variable @xmath3 , such that the variables are independent and identically distributed . for a vertex @xmath4 in the tree , denote by @xmath5 the sum of the variables @xmath3 over all edges @xmath2 on the path from the root to @xmath4 . this def... | consider a-ary rooted tree ( ) where each edge is assigned an i.i.d . ( bounded ) random variable of negative mean . assign to each vertex the sum of over all edges connecting to the root , and assume that the maximum of over all vertices at distance from the root tends to infinity ( necessarily , linearly ) as tends t... | consider a-ary rooted tree ( ) where each edge is assigned an i.i.d . ( bounded ) random variable of negative mean . assign to each vertex the sum of over all edges connecting to the root , and assume that the maximum of over all vertices at distance from the root tends to infinity ( necessarily , linearly ) as tends t... |
1611.04084 | c | recently , a novel type of rnyi entropy on a black - hole horizon was proposed by bir and czinner @xcite , in which a logarithmic formula of the original rnyi entropy was used and the bekenstein hawking entropy was regarded as a nonextensive tsallis entropy . in this study , the modified rnyi entropy has been applied ... | consequently , the acceleration equation including an extra driving term can be derived in a homogeneous , isotropic , and spatially flat universe . when a specific condition is mathematically satisfied , the extra driving term is found to be constant - like as if it is a cosmological constant . interestingly , the ord... | cosmological equations were recently derived by padmanabhan from the expansion of cosmic space due to the difference between the degrees of freedom on the surface and in the bulk in a region of space . in this study , a modified rnyi entropy is applied to padmanabhan s ` holographic equipartition law ' , by regarding t... |
1310.0324 | i | in this paper it will be shown how the generalisation of symmetry properties of perfect solid crystals to crystals with certain uniform distributions of defects leads to a classification of the symmetries of discrete defective crystals as elastic or inelastic . we show that , in contrast with the perfect crystal case ,... | these structures are in fact the discrete subgroups of the ambient lie group . the geometrical symmetries of these structures can be computed in terms of the changes of generators of the discrete subgroup which preserve the discrete set of points . here a classification of the symmetries for the discrete subgroups of a... | crystals which have a uniform distribution of defects are endowed with a lie group description which allows one to construct an associated discrete structure . these structures are in fact the discrete subgroups of the ambient lie group . the geometrical symmetries of these structures can be computed in terms of the ch... |
cond-mat0506425 | r | ybptin is one of the rptin compounds , reported to crystallize in zrnial hexagonal structure@xcite , space group p@xmath23 . single crystals of this compound were obtained by two methods : from high - temperature ternary solution , as described in ref . [ 15 ] , and from stoichiometric on - line melt@xcite . the initia... | detailed anisotropic ( hab and hc ) resistivity and specific heat measurements were performed on online - grown ybptin and solution - grown ybpt in single crystals for temperatures down to 0.4 k , and fields up to 140 kg ; hab hall resistivity was also measured on the ybpt in system for the same temperature and field r... | detailed anisotropic ( hab and hc ) resistivity and specific heat measurements were performed on online - grown ybptin and solution - grown ybpt in single crystals for temperatures down to 0.4 k , and fields up to 140 kg ; hab hall resistivity was also measured on the ybpt in system for the same temperature and field r... |
cond-mat0506425 | r | for both solution and on - line grown crystals , the crystal structure was confirmed by powder x - ray diffraction , with no detectable impurity peaks . however , additional single crystal x - ray measurements were performed on the two types of ybptin compounds . crystals with dimensions @xmath43 and @xmath44 were extr... | furthermore , a field - induced quantum critical point is apparent in each of these heavy fermion systems , with the corresponding critical field values of ybpt in ( h around 35 - 45 kg and h kg ) also reduced compared to the analogous values for ybptin ( h kg and h kg ) . | detailed anisotropic ( hab and hc ) resistivity and specific heat measurements were performed on online - grown ybptin and solution - grown ybpt in single crystals for temperatures down to 0.4 k , and fields up to 140 kg ; hab hall resistivity was also measured on the ybpt in system for the same temperature and field r... |
0912.2960 | i | the desire for ever increasing computational speeds has led to the conception of spintronics technologies that make use of both the charge and spin properties of electrical charge carriers in solids@xcite . realization of these devices for useful technologies requires the discovery and development of materials that hav... | the lattice constant , ac and dc magnetic susceptibility , magnetization , and specific heat have been measured over the range of co concentration . the variation of the ac susceptibility with hydrostatic pressure has also been measured in a small number of our samples . all of these quantities show systematic variatio... | doping of the band insulator fes with co on the fe site introduces a small density of itinerant carriers and magnetic moments . the lattice constant , ac and dc magnetic susceptibility , magnetization , and specific heat have been measured over the range of co concentration . the variation of the ac susceptibility with... |
1412.0670 | i | the neutrino and antineutrino flux spectra emitted by a core - collapse supernova ( sn ) significantly depend on flavor . therefore , flavor conversion can strongly modify what neutrinos do after decoupling , notably in driving the explosion , determining nucleosynthesis yields in the neutrino - driven wind , and the e... | during the accretion phase of a core - collapse supernova ( sn ) , the deleptonization flux has recently been found to develop a global dipole pattern ( lesa lepton emission self - sustained asymmetry ) . we use a linearized stability analysis in a simplified sn model to study the impact of the flux asymmetry on self ... | during the accretion phase of a core - collapse supernova ( sn ) , the deleptonization flux has recently been found to develop a global dipole pattern ( lesa lepton emission self - sustained asymmetry ) . the number flux is much larger than in one direction , whereas they are approximately equal , or even , in the opp... |
1606.06614 | i | in just 20 years the complexity of systems studied in surface science has increased by orders of magnitude . @xcite whereas previous major problems where associated with the adsorption behavior of small adsorbates such as co on pt(111 ) , @xcite typical challenges that dominate surface science nowadays are associated ... | the employed automatically constructed delocalized internal coordinates are similar to molecular vibrations , which enhances the generation of chemically meaningful trial structures . by introducing flexible constraints and local translation and rotation of independent geometrical subunits we enable the use of this met... | efficient structure search is a major challenge in computational materials science . we present a modification of the basin hopping global geometry optimization approach that uses a curvilinear coordinate system to describe global trial moves . this approach has recently been shown to be efficient in structure determin... |
1606.06614 | c | we presented a modification of the basin hopping algorithm by performing global optimization trial moves in chemically - motivated curvilinear coordinates that resemble molecular vibrations . this approach has recently been shown to be efficient in structure determination of clusters @xcite and was here investigated a... | we present a modification of the basin hopping global geometry optimization approach that uses a curvilinear coordinate system to describe global trial moves . this approach has recently been shown to be efficient in structure determination of clusters [ nano letters 15 , 80448048 ( 2015 ) ] and is here extended for it... | efficient structure search is a major challenge in computational materials science . we present a modification of the basin hopping global geometry optimization approach that uses a curvilinear coordinate system to describe global trial moves . this approach has recently been shown to be efficient in structure determin... |
cond-mat9804060 | i | since the last few years , identifying the symmetry of the pairing state has been the expected major step towards an understanding of high @xmath14 superconductivity . the controversy is not yet resolved : while there seems to be an agreement on the existence of nodes in the gap , some experiments appear to advocate in... | pure electronic raman spectra with no phonon structures hindering the analysis of the electronic continuum have been obtained . as a consequence , these two maxima disappear at and do not soften significantly as the temperature is raised up to the low energy frequency dependence of the electronic response is strongly l... | electronic raman scattering measurements have been performed on single crystals in the superconducting state . pure electronic raman spectra with no phonon structures hindering the analysis of the electronic continuum have been obtained . as a consequence , the spectra in the pure and symmetries are directly and reliab... |
1010.3112 | i | the probability of a sample configuration provides a useful ground for analyzing genetic data . popular applications include obtaining maximum likelihood estimates of model parameters and performing ancestral inference [ see @xcite ] . in principle , model - based full - likelihood analyses , such as that based on the ... | ewens sampling formula ( esf ) is a one - parameter family of probability distributions with a number of intriguing combinatorial connections . specifically , we consider an asymptotic expansion of the two - locus sampling formula in inverse powers of and obtain closed - form expressions for the first few terms in the ... | ewens sampling formula ( esf ) is a one - parameter family of probability distributions with a number of intriguing combinatorial connections . this elegant closed - form formula first arose in biology as the stationary probability distribution of a sample configuration at one locus under the infinite - alleles model o... |
1010.3112 | r | in what follows , we provide proofs of the results mentioned in the previous two sections . first , assume @xmath146 . substitute the expansion ( [ expansion ] ) into golding s recursion ( [ golding ] ) , divide by @xmath147 and let @xmath148 . we are then left with @xmath149 now , applying ( [ unwrap0 ] ) repeatedly g... | this elegant closed - form formula first arose in biology as the stationary probability distribution of a sample configuration at one locus under the infinite - alleles model of mutation . since its discovery in the early 1970s , the esf has been used in various biological applications , and has sparked several interes... | ewens sampling formula ( esf ) is a one - parameter family of probability distributions with a number of intriguing combinatorial connections . this elegant closed - form formula first arose in biology as the stationary probability distribution of a sample configuration at one locus under the infinite - alleles model o... |
1411.1319 | i | * background . * finding the node with the largest label in a labeled network is one of the fundamental problems in distributed computing . this is the way in which _ leader election _ is usually solved . ( in leader election , one node of a network has to become a _ leader _ and all other nodes have to become _ non - ... | finding the node with the largest label in a labeled network , modeled as an undirected connected graph , is one of the fundamental problems in distributed computing . this is the way in which _ leader election _ is usually solved . we consider two distinct tasks in which the largest - labeled node is found determinist... | finding the node with the largest label in a labeled network , modeled as an undirected connected graph , is one of the fundamental problems in distributed computing . this is the way in which _ leader election _ is usually solved . we consider two distinct tasks in which the largest - labeled node is found determinist... |
0811.0868 | i | eighteen years of doppler shift measurements of the primary star in the nearby binary system 55 cancri ( hd 75732 ; hereafter 55 cnc ) have gradually raised the number of orbiting planets from 1 ( butler et al . 1997 ) , to 3 ( marcy et al . 2002 ) , to 4 ( mcarthur et al . 2004 ) , and recently to 5 ( fischer et al .... | five planets are presently believed to orbit the primary star of 55 cnc , but there exists a large 5 au gap in their distribution between the two outermost planets . this gap has attracted considerable interest because it may contain one or more lower mass planets whose existence is not contradicted by long - term orb... | five planets are presently believed to orbit the primary star of 55 cnc , but there exists a large 5 au gap in their distribution between the two outermost planets . this gap has attracted considerable interest because it may contain one or more lower mass planets whose existence is not contradicted by long - term orb... |
0811.0868 | i | in [ intro ] , we placed in proper context all the available information about the multi planetary system of 55 cnc . our knowledge of this system comes from 18 years of doppler shift observations of the central star ( fischer et al . 2008 ; mcarthur et al . 2004 ; marcy et al . 2002 ; butler et al . 1997 ) and fro... | this opportunity presents itself in conjunction with a physical model that relates the orbits of the observed planets to the structure of the original protoplanetary disk that harbored their formation at the early stages of protostellar collapse . using only the 5 observed planets of 55 cnc , this model predicts that t... | five planets are presently believed to orbit the primary star of 55 cnc , but there exists a large 5 au gap in their distribution between the two outermost planets . this gap has attracted considerable interest because it may contain one or more lower mass planets whose existence is not contradicted by long - term orb... |
1402.0966 | i | let @xmath1 with @xmath2 , be a sequence of random vectors . a common functional of interests @xmath3 of @xmath4 is defined by @xmath5,\qquad x\in r^d,\ ] ] where @xmath6 is a certain sequence of positive constants and @xmath7 is a real function on @xmath8 . such functionals arise in non - parametric estimation proble... | for a class of martingales , this paper provides a framework on the uniform consistency with broad applicability . the main condition imposed is only related to the conditional variance of the martingale , which holds true for stationary mixing time series , stationary iterated random function , harris recurrent markov... | for a class of martingales , this paper provides a framework on the uniform consistency with broad applicability . the main condition imposed is only related to the conditional variance of the martingale , which holds true for stationary mixing time series , stationary iterated random function , harris recurrent markov... |
1612.02160 | i | all graphs in this paper are assumed to be finite , undirected , simple and without loops . for a graph @xmath11 ( or just @xmath12 if the graph under consideration is clear ) and vertices @xmath13 , let @xmath14 denote the distance between @xmath4 and @xmath5 in @xmath6 , that is , the number of edges contained in ... | for any graph and positive integer , the _ exact distance- graph _ }}$ ] is the graph with vertex set , which has an edge between vertices and if and only if and have distance in . for odd , neetil and ossona de mendez proved that for any fixed graph class with _ bounded expansion _ , the chromatic number of }... | for any graph and positive integer , the _ exact distance- graph _ }}$ ] is the graph with vertex set , which has an edge between vertices and if and only if and have distance in . for odd , neetil and ossona de mendez proved that for any fixed graph class with _ bounded expansion _ , the chromatic number of }... |
1109.1319 | i | in @xmath3 interesting connections exist between the @xmath2-variable knot polynomials and invariants of legendrian knots . with respect to the standard contact structure on @xmath3 , fuchs and tabachnikov @xcite showed that an upper bound for the thurston - bennequin number arises from the kauffman and homfly - pt kno... | is introduced . we show that the existence of such a generalized normal ruling is equivalent to sharpness of the kauffman polynomial estimate for the thurston - bennequin number as well as to the existence of an ungraded augmentation of the chekanov - eliashberg dga . parallel results involving the homfly - pt polynomi... | for legendrian links in the-jet space of we show that the-graded ruling polynomial may be recovered from the kauffman skein module . for such links a generalization of the notion of normal ruling is introduced . we show that the existence of such a generalized normal ruling is equivalent to sharpness of the kauffman po... |
cond-mat0210534 | i | immiscible two - phase flow in the vicinity of the contact line ( cl ) , where the fluid - fluid interface intersects the solid wall , is a classical problem that falls beyond the framework of conventional hydrodynamics @xcite . in particular , molecular dynamics ( md ) studies have shown relative slipping between the ... | from extensive molecular dynamics simulations on immiscible two - phase flows , we find the relative slipping between the fluids and the solid wall everywhere to follow the generalized navier boundary condition , in which the amount of slipping is proportional to the sum of tangential viscous stress and the uncompensat... | from extensive molecular dynamics simulations on immiscible two - phase flows , we find the relative slipping between the fluids and the solid wall everywhere to follow the generalized navier boundary condition , in which the amount of slipping is proportional to the sum of tangential viscous stress and the uncompensat... |
1207.5910 | i | gaussian graphical models are popular tools for modelling complex associations in the multivariate continuous case . if the graph with vertex set @xmath0:=\{1,\ldots , m\}$ ] is complete , then the general linear group @xmath1 , consisting of all invertible @xmath2-matrices , acts on the space of concentration matrices... | we reveal this structure by explicitly describing , for any undirected graph , the ( maximal ) matrix group acting on the space of concentration matrices in the model . the continuous part of this group is captured by a poset naturally associated to the graph , while automorphisms of the graph account for the discrete ... | gaussian graphical models have become a well - recognized tool for the analysis of conditional independencies within a set of continuous random variables . from an inferential point of view , it is important to realize that they are composite exponential transformation families . we reveal this structure by explicitly ... |
0903.2039 | i | the goal of the first part of this paper is to introduce a new object called plane overpartitions , and to give several enumeration formulas for these plane overpartitions . plane overpartition _ is a plane partition where ( 1 ) in each row the last occurrence of an integer can be overlined or not and all the other occ... | generating functions for plane overpartitions are obtained using various methods such as nonintersecting paths , rsk type algorithms and symmetric functions . we extend some of the generating functions to cylindric partitions . also , we show that plane overpartitions correspond to certain domino tilings and we give so... | generating functions for plane overpartitions are obtained using various methods such as nonintersecting paths , rsk type algorithms and symmetric functions . we extend some of the generating functions to cylindric partitions . also , we show that plane overpartitions correspond to certain domino tilings and we give so... |
1005.1675 | c | all of the evidence presented in this paper points to grb 090417b being a dark burst because of localized extinction in the host galaxy . the host galaxy has a redshift of @xmath39 , and is clearly seen at optical and ultraviolet wavelengths . therefore lyman-@xmath11 absorption can not account for the missing optical... | this is one of the few cases where a host galaxy has been clearly identified for a dark gamma - ray burst and thus an ideal candidate for studying the origin of dark bursts . our results suggest that this dust sheet imparts an extinction of mag , which is sufficient to explain the missing optical flux . grb 090417b i... | grb 090417b was an unusually long burst with a duration of at least 2130 s and a multi - peaked light curve at energies of 15150 kev . it was optically dark and has been associated with a bright star - forming galaxy at a redshift of 0.345 that is broadly similar to the milky way . this is one of the few cases where... |
1308.3807 | i | a common bifurcation to instability , one that occurs in so - called natural hamiltonian systems that have hamiltonians composed of the sum of kinetic and potential energy terms , happens when under a parameter change the potential energy function changes from positive to negative curvature . in such a bifurcation , pa... | hamiltonian bifurcations in the context of noncanonical hamiltonian matter models are described . first , a large class of 1 + 1 hamiltonian multi - fluid models is considered . next , using these 1 + 1 examples as a guide , a large class of 2 + 1 hamiltonian systems is introduced , and hamiltonian bifurcations with co... | hamiltonian bifurcations in the context of noncanonical hamiltonian matter models are described . first , a large class of 1 + 1 hamiltonian multi - fluid models is considered . these models have linear dynamics with discrete spectra , when linearized about homogeneous equilibria , and these spectra have counterparts t... |
1311.1711 | i | high resolution imaging , in particular in biology and materials science , is mostly done using scanning electron microscopy ( sem ) . the ease of use and the widespread availability has made this the number one method for imaging in the aforementioned fields . structuring and manipulation of nano sized features is tr... | helium ion microcopy ( him ) based on gas field ion sources ( gfis ) represents a new ultra high resolution microscopy and nano fabrication technique . it is an enabling technology that not only provides imagery of conducting as well as uncoated insulating nano structures but also allows to create these features . th... | helium ion microcopy ( him ) based on gas field ion sources ( gfis ) represents a new ultra high resolution microscopy and nano fabrication technique . it is an enabling technology that not only provides imagery of conducting as well as uncoated insulating nano structures but also allows to create these features . th... |
1311.1711 | i | in the past half decade helium ion microscopy has proven to be an interesting alternative to its direct and well established competitors : scanning electron microscopy and gallium focused ion beam . however , the authors strongly believe , and hope to have demonstrated above , that him is more than a replacement for se... | the close to free form sculpting of structures over several length scales has been made possible by the extension of the method to other gases such as neon . a brief introduction of the underlying physics as well as a broad review of the applicability of the method is presented in this review . | helium ion microcopy ( him ) based on gas field ion sources ( gfis ) represents a new ultra high resolution microscopy and nano fabrication technique . it is an enabling technology that not only provides imagery of conducting as well as uncoated insulating nano structures but also allows to create these features . th... |
1011.3272 | i | space - time codes ( stc ) in multi - input multi - output ( mimo ) systems have been extensively studied for their ability to provide transmit diversity gain and spatial multiplexing gain @xcite . space - time trellis codes ( sttc ) @xcite and space - time block codes ( stbc ) @xcite are able to provide diversity gain... | high - rate space - time block codes ( stbc with code rate ) in multi - input multi - output ( mimo ) systems are able to provide both spatial multiplexing gain and diversity gain , but have high maximum likelihood ( ml ) decoding complexity . since group - decodable ( quasi - orthogonal ) code structure can reduce the... | high - rate space - time block codes ( stbc with code rate ) in multi - input multi - output ( mimo ) systems are able to provide both spatial multiplexing gain and diversity gain , but have high maximum likelihood ( ml ) decoding complexity . since group - decodable ( quasi - orthogonal ) code structure can reduce the... |
astro-ph0112180 | i | deuterium is thought to be produced in significant amount only during primordial big bang nucleosynthesis ( bbn ) , and to be thoroughly destroyed in stellar interiors . deuterium is thus a key element in cosmology and in galactic chemical evolution ( see e.g. audouze & tinsley 1976 ; gautier & owen 1983 ; vidal madja... | high - resolution spectra of the hot white dwarf g191-b2b , covering the wavelength region 9051187 , were obtained with the far ultraviolet spectroscopic explorer ( _ fuse _ ) . this data was used in conjunction with existing high - resolution hubble space telescope stis observations to evaluate the total h i , d i ,... | high - resolution spectra of the hot white dwarf g191-b2b , covering the wavelength region 9051187 , were obtained with the far ultraviolet spectroscopic explorer ( _ fuse _ ) . this data was used in conjunction with existing high - resolution hubble space telescope stis observations to evaluate the total h i , d i ,... |
astro-ph0112180 | c | we have measured the total column densities of d i , n i and o i toward g191-b2b using unsaturated absorption lines of these elements in high quality _ fuse _ spectra . after a careful examination of the possible systematic uncertainties tied to the choice of the stellar continuum and to the instrumental configurati... | previous determinations of(d i ) based upon ghrs and stis observations were controversial due to the saturated strength of the d i lyman line . in the present analysis the column density of d i has been measured using only the unsaturated lyman and lyman lines observed by _ fuse_. a careful inspection of possible... | high - resolution spectra of the hot white dwarf g191-b2b , covering the wavelength region 9051187 , were obtained with the far ultraviolet spectroscopic explorer ( _ fuse _ ) . this data was used in conjunction with existing high - resolution hubble space telescope stis observations to evaluate the total h i , d i ,... |
astro-ph0007238 | c | there are two principal conclusions of the imaps d / h program . first , the atomic d / h ratio in the ism , averaged over path lengths of 250 to 500 pc , exhibits significant spatial variability . differences in the atomic d / h ratio on long pathlengths in the ism have been suspected for many years ( vidal - madjar e... | evidently , the atomic d / h ratio in the ism , averaged over path lengths of 250 to 500 pc , exhibits significant spatial variability . furthermore , the observed spatial variations in d / h do not appear to be anticorrelated with n / h , one measure of heavy element abundances . we briefly discuss some hypotheses to ... | high resolution far ultraviolet spectra of the early - type stars and were obtained to measure the interstellar deuterium abundances in these directions . the observations were made with the interstellar medium absorption profile spectrograph ( imaps ) during the _ orfeus - spas ii _ mission in 1996 . imaps spectra ... |
1512.05352 | i | the diffusion of charged particles in a turbulent magnetic field plays a pivotal role in the understanding of the origin of cosmic rays , more than a century since their discovery , over a broad range of particle energy , from the interplanetary solar energetic particles ( * ? ? ? * hereafter sep ) to the pev cosmic ra... | the particle motion away from the turbulent local field line is assessed as gradient / curvature drift of the guiding - center and compared with the magnetic field line random walk . at inertial scales however , for higher energies ( mev protons ) within the range of multi - spacecraft measurements , the longitudinal s... | i derive analytically the temporal dependence of the perpendicular transport coefficient of a charged particle in the three - dimensional anisotropic turbulence conjectured by goldreich - sridhar by implementing multi - spacecraft constraints on the turbulence power spectrum . the particle motion away from the turbulen... |
1012.0553 | c | i have reviewed a number of qcd topics where conventional wisdom relevant to hadronic physics at the lhc has been challenged . for example , the initial - state and final - state interactions of the quarks and gluons entering perturbative qcd hard - scattering subprocesses lead to the breakdown of traditional concepts ... | i review a number of topics where conventional wisdom relevant to hadron physics at the lhc has been challenged . for example , the initial - state and final - state interactions of the quarks and gluons entering perturbative qcd hard - scattering subprocesses lead to the breakdown of traditional concepts of factorizat... | i review a number of topics where conventional wisdom relevant to hadron physics at the lhc has been challenged . for example , the initial - state and final - state interactions of the quarks and gluons entering perturbative qcd hard - scattering subprocesses lead to the breakdown of traditional concepts of factorizat... |
1503.06937 | i | landau s fermi - liquid ( fl ) theory@xcite can describe electronic properties of some correlated electron systems at low temperatures@xcite . in this theory , low - energy excitations are described by quasiparticles ( qps ) , i.e. electrons in a self - consistent field of surrounding electrons due to electron correlat... | i review many - body effects on the resistivity of a multiorbital system beyond landau s fermi - liquid ( fl ) theory . landau s fl theory succeeds in describing electronic properties of some correlated electron systems at low temperatures . however , the behaviors deviating from the temperature dependence in the fl , ... | i review many - body effects on the resistivity of a multiorbital system beyond landau s fermi - liquid ( fl ) theory . landau s fl theory succeeds in describing electronic properties of some correlated electron systems at low temperatures . however , the behaviors deviating from the temperature dependence in the fl , ... |
1503.06937 | c | in summary , i reviewed many - body effects@xcite of @xmath16 of the quasi-@xmath24d pm ruthenates away from and near the af qcp in the flex approximation with the cvcs arising from the self - energy and mt term or with the cvc arising from the self - energy or without all the cvcs . the temperature dependence of @xmat... | these indicate the importance of many - body effects beyond landau s fl theory . those effects in multiorbital systems have been little understood , although their understanding is important to deduce ubiquitous properties of correlated electron systems and characteristic properties of multiorbital systems . i highligh... | i review many - body effects on the resistivity of a multiorbital system beyond landau s fermi - liquid ( fl ) theory . landau s fl theory succeeds in describing electronic properties of some correlated electron systems at low temperatures . however , the behaviors deviating from the temperature dependence in the fl , ... |
0901.4103 | i | the band theory of electrons predicts that any crystal with an odd number of electrons per unit cell must be a metal . however , strong electron - electron interactions can invalidate this conclusion , and such crystals can also be insulators , known as mott insulators . i will use this term here more broadly : often t... | i survey theoretical advances in our understanding of the quantum phases and phase transitions of mott insulators , and of allied conducting systems obtained by doping charge carriers . a number of new experimental examples of mott insulators have appeared in recent years , and i critically compare their observed prope... | i survey theoretical advances in our understanding of the quantum phases and phase transitions of mott insulators , and of allied conducting systems obtained by doping charge carriers . a number of new experimental examples of mott insulators have appeared in recent years , and i critically compare their observed prope... |
1311.6553 | i | there are three well - known large - scale star forming regions ( w3/w4/w5 @xcite ) in the cas ob6 association . w5 ( also called the ic 1848 h ii region ) is the eastern part of the molecular cloud complex and consists of two components w5 west and w5 east @xcite . there are four known o stars , hd 17505 , hd 17520 ,... | h photometry and the list of young stellar objects identified by koenig et al . permitted us to select a large number of pms stars comprising 196 h emission stars , 35 h emission candidates , 5 class i , 368 class ii , and 24 transition disk candidates . from the hertzsprung - russell diagram using stellar evolution mo... | ic 1848 is one of the young open clusters in the giant star forming cas ob6 association . several interesting aspects relating to star formation processes in giant star forming regions attracted us to study the initial mass function ( imf ) , star formation mode , and properties of pre - main sequence stars ( pms ) . a... |
1606.03642 | i | inspection of bridges , tunnels , wind turbines , and other large civil engineering structures for defects is a time - consuming , costly , and potentially dangerous task . in the future , _ smart coating _ technology , or _ smart paint _ , could do the job more efficiently and without putting people in danger . the id... | imagine coating buildings and bridges with smart particles ( also coined smart paint ) that monitor structural integrity and sense and report on traffic and wind loads , leading to technology that could do such inspection jobs faster and cheaper and increase safety at the same time . in this paper , we study the proble... | imagine coating buildings and bridges with smart particles ( also coined smart paint ) that monitor structural integrity and sense and report on traffic and wind loads , leading to technology that could do such inspection jobs faster and cheaper and increase safety at the same time . in this paper , we study the proble... |
1301.4518 | i | in this paper , the diagram monoids @xmath0 and one of its submonoids @xmath1 are first introduced in order to get an understanding of the diagram monoids @xmath2 and @xmath3,which are submonoids of @xmath1 . presentations of the latter two are provided in this paper , as well as references to papers in which presentat... | in 2010 , tom halverson and georgia benkart introduced the motzkin algebra , a generalization of the temperley - lieb algebra , whose elements are diagrams that can be multiplied by stacking one on top of the other . halverson and benkart gave a diagrammatic algorithm for decomposing any motzkin diagram into diagrams o... | in 2010 , tom halverson and georgia benkart introduced the motzkin algebra , a generalization of the temperley - lieb algebra , whose elements are diagrams that can be multiplied by stacking one on top of the other . halverson and benkart gave a diagrammatic algorithm for decomposing any motzkin diagram into diagrams o... |
1301.3094 | i | electrons in a bernal - stacked graphene bilayerbilayerreview , castrojphys behave as a chiral two - dimensional gas of massive dirac fermions ( c2deg)@xcite . the chiral nature of the electrons lead to transport and optical properties that are different from those of conventional semiconductor 2deg s or of the 2deg in... | in a bernal - stacked graphene bilayer , an electronic state in landau level is described by its guiding - center index ( in the landau gauge ) and by its valley , spin , and orbital indices and when coulomb interaction is taken into account , the chiral two - dimensional electron gas ( c2deg ) in this system can suppo... | in a bernal - stacked graphene bilayer , an electronic state in landau level is described by its guiding - center index ( in the landau gauge ) and by its valley , spin , and orbital indices and when coulomb interaction is taken into account , the chiral two - dimensional electron gas ( c2deg ) in this system can suppo... |
nucl-th9412011 | i | the purpose of this paper is to study the @xmath15 ( @xmath16 stands for @xmath16(1232 ) , @xmath17 stands for either the @xmath18 or the @xmath19 ) reactions for kaon productions in heavy ion collisions . one of the main goals of intermediate energy heavy ion physics is to determine the equation of state ( eos ) of nu... | in a resonance model the reactions and are studied . for the reactions and , parametrizations of the calculated total cross sections for all different isospin channels are given for the use of kaon productions in heavy ion collisions . the differential cross sections are also studied . | in a resonance model the reactions and are studied . for the reactions and , the resonances , and are included as intermediate states . for the reactions , the resonances , and are considered , while for the reactions the intermediate resonances are and . besides these resonances in the-channel , the-channel-exchanges ... |
1606.02443 | i | recently hawking , perry , and strominger ( hps ) @xcite @xcite proposed an interesting scenario that may resolve the information loss problem @xcite . they suggest that quantum information about collapsing matter is stored in an infinite number of conserved noether currents having asymptotic symmetries , including sup... | in a rindler - type coordinate system spanned in a region outside of a black hole horizon , we have nonvanishing classical holographic charges as soft hairs on the horizon for stationary black holes . taking a large black hole mass limit , the spacetimes with the charges are described by asymptotic rindler metrics . we... | in a rindler - type coordinate system spanned in a region outside of a black hole horizon , we have nonvanishing classical holographic charges as soft hairs on the horizon for stationary black holes . taking a large black hole mass limit , the spacetimes with the charges are described by asymptotic rindler metrics . we... |
1402.2201 | i | an atom s core level binding energies depend on its chemical species . this fact has been exploited for decades in order to determine the proportion of different species within a given sample via core level spectroscopy - which provides the distribution of core electron binding energies within a sample . an atom s bind... | in alloys exhibiting substitutional disorder , the variety of atomic environments manifests itself as a ` disorder broadening ' in their core level binding energy spectra . disorder broadening can be measured experimentally , and in principle can be used to deduce information about specific atomic environments within a... | in alloys exhibiting substitutional disorder , the variety of atomic environments manifests itself as a ` disorder broadening ' in their core level binding energy spectra . disorder broadening can be measured experimentally , and in principle can be used to deduce information about specific atomic environments within a... |
1402.2201 | i | above we have presented a model for core level shifts in alloys , and have used it to add insight into the relationship between atomic environment , charge transfer and disorder broadening in complex systems . our key result is that the mapping between the distribution of atomic environments and core level spectra is o... | the model is used to elucidate the relationship between charge transfer , atomic environment , and disorder broadening in complex systems , with a focus on the problem of characterizing the interface quality of cuni multilayers . for instance , it is shown that systems with inhomogeneous concentration profiles can exhi... | in alloys exhibiting substitutional disorder , the variety of atomic environments manifests itself as a ` disorder broadening ' in their core level binding energy spectra . disorder broadening can be measured experimentally , and in principle can be used to deduce information about specific atomic environments within a... |
1102.0412 | r | of the 25 galaxies in this study , only five have radio sources that are dominated by thermal emission , four have sources that are dominated by non - thermal emission , six have radio sources that are ambiguous within the uncertainty limits , and sixteen have no detected radio sources ( figures 1 to 9 ; tables 3 and... | , we find that of the 25 galaxies in this sample only five have radio sources with spectral indices that are only consistent with a thermal origin ; four have radio sources that are only consistent with a non - thermal origin ; six have radio sources whose nature is ambiguous due to uncertainties in the spectral index ... | in order to investigate the relationship between the local environment and the properties of natal star clusters , we obtained radio observations of 25 star - forming galaxies within 20 mpc using the very large array ( vla ) and the australia telescope compact array ( atca ) . natal star - forming regions can be ident... |
1102.0412 | c | in this radio study of 25 galaxies selected based upon their optical signposts of star formation , we expected to detect a number of thermal radio sources originating from massive nascent star clusters . however , we only detect definite thermal - dominated radio sources in five of the sample galaxies , with an additio... | the most radio - luminous clusters that we detect have an equivalent of o7.5 v stars , and the smallest only have an equivalent of o7.5 v stars ; thus these star - forming regions span the range of large ob - associations to moderate `` super star clusters '' ( sscs ) . with the current detection limits , we also p... | in order to investigate the relationship between the local environment and the properties of natal star clusters , we obtained radio observations of 25 star - forming galaxies within 20 mpc using the very large array ( vla ) and the australia telescope compact array ( atca ) . natal star - forming regions can be ident... |
astro-ph9608139 | i | in this paper and paper i , we have sought to develop a systematic theory of gravitational microlensing . we focused on microlensing by a planar distribution of point masses in paper i. in this paper we have studied gravitational microlensing by a three - dimensional distribution of point masses , focusing on the natur... | in paper i we studied the theory of gravitational microlensing for a planar distribution of point masses . in this second paper , we extend the analysis to a three - dimensional lens distribution . first we study the lensing properties of three - dimensional lens distributions by considering in detail the critical curv... | in paper i we studied the theory of gravitational microlensing for a planar distribution of point masses . in this second paper , we extend the analysis to a three - dimensional lens distribution . first we study the lensing properties of three - dimensional lens distributions by considering in detail the critical curv... |
1507.06125 | i | quantum simulation offers a means to probe many - body physics that can not be simulated efficiently by classical computers , using controllable quantum systems to physically realize a desired many - body hamiltonian@xcite . in the analog approach to quantum simulation exemplified by cold atoms in optical lattices@xcit... | in quantum simulation , many - body phenomena are probed in controllable quantum systems . recently , simulation of bose - hubbard hamiltonians using cold atoms revealed previously hidden local correlations . however , fermionic many - body hubbard phenomena such as unconventional superconductivity and spin liquids are... | in quantum simulation , many - body phenomena are probed in controllable quantum systems . recently , simulation of bose - hubbard hamiltonians using cold atoms revealed previously hidden local correlations . however , fermionic many - body hubbard phenomena such as unconventional superconductivity and spin liquids are... |
1207.5653 | i | sometimes , especially in applications dealing with signal processing and biology , theory provides us with some additional information allowing us to restrict the parameter space to a finite number of points ; in these cases , we speak of _ discrete parameter models_. statistical inference when the parameter space is ... | in some estimation problems , especially in applications dealing with information theory , signal processing and biology , theory provides us with additional information allowing us to restrict the parameter space to a finite number of points . in this case , we speak of discrete parameter models . even though the prob... | in some estimation problems , especially in applications dealing with information theory , signal processing and biology , theory provides us with additional information allowing us to restrict the parameter space to a finite number of points . in this case , we speak of discrete parameter models . even though the prob... |
1105.1294 | i | quantum theory is described via feynman path integral ( fpi ) . the integrand in fpi has the form of @xmath3 , where @xmath4 is the imaginary unit and @xmath5 is the action . the action is usually taken to be real . however , if we assume that the integrand is more fundamental than the action in quantum theory , then w... | in the complex action theory ( cat ) we explicitly examine how the momentum and hamiltonian are defined from the feynman path integral ( fpi ) point of view based on the complex coordinate formalism of our foregoing paper . after reviewing the formalism briefly , , we derive the momentum and hamiltonian . we also show ... | in the complex action theory ( cat ) we explicitly examine how the momentum and hamiltonian are defined from the feynman path integral ( fpi ) point of view based on the complex coordinate formalism of our foregoing paper . after reviewing the formalism briefly , we describe in fpi with a lagrangian the time developmen... |
1105.1294 | i | in the complex action theory ( cat ) even a coordinate @xmath2 and a momentum @xmath1 can be complex in general . in ref . , to handle the complex @xmath2 and @xmath1 , we have proposed the replacement of hermitian operators of coordinate and momentum @xmath7 and @xmath8 and their eigenstates @xmath43 and @xmath10 wit... | we describe in fpi with a lagrangian the time development of a-parametrized wave function , which is a solution to an eigenvalue problem of a momentum operator . solving this eigenvalue problem oppositely , starting from the hamiltonian we derive the lagrangian in fpi , and we are led to the momentum relation again via... | in the complex action theory ( cat ) we explicitly examine how the momentum and hamiltonian are defined from the feynman path integral ( fpi ) point of view based on the complex coordinate formalism of our foregoing paper . after reviewing the formalism briefly , we describe in fpi with a lagrangian the time developmen... |
1610.05378 | i | multilayer networks @xcite are emerging as a powerful paradigm for describing complex systems characterized by the coexistence of different types of interactions . multilayer networks represent an appropriate descriptive model for real networked systems in disparate contexts , such as social @xcite , technological @xc... | , the addition of a new layer of interdependent nodes to a preexisting multilayer network will never improve its robustness . whereas such a model seems appropriate to understand the effect of interdependencies in the simplest scenario of a network composed of only two layers , it may seem not reasonable for real syste... | in the standard model of percolation on multilayer networks , a node is functioning only if its copies in all layers are simultaneously functioning . according to this model , a multilayer network becomes more and more fragile as the number of layers increases . in this respect , the addition of a new layer of interdep... |
1011.3200 | c | in this article , we study the @xmath273 form - factors @xmath20 , @xmath21 , @xmath22 , @xmath274 , @xmath25 , @xmath26 and @xmath27 with the @xmath3-meson light - cone qcd sum rules . in calculations , we observe that the dominating contributions come from the two - particle @xmath3-meson light - cone distribution am... | in this article , we study the , , form - factors with the light - cone qcd sum rules , where the-meson light - cone distribution amplitudes are used . in calculations , we observe that the line - shapes of the-meson light - cone distribution amplitude have significant impacts on the values of the form - factors , and ... | in this article , we study the , , form - factors with the light - cone qcd sum rules , where the-meson light - cone distribution amplitudes are used . in calculations , we observe that the line - shapes of the-meson light - cone distribution amplitude have significant impacts on the values of the form - factors , and ... |
1210.5862 | i | there is now a substantial literature focusing on the geometrical and analytical properties of self - similar fractals , which are commonly described as the unique non - empty compact subset @xmath0 satisfying @xmath1 , where @xmath2 is a finite collection of contractions on an underlying complete metric space @xmath3 ... | in this article a collection of random self - similar fractal dendrites is constructed , and their hausdorff dimension is calculated . previous results determining this quantity for random self - similar structures have relied on geometric properties of an underlying metric space or the scaling factors being bounded un... | in this article a collection of random self - similar fractal dendrites is constructed , and their hausdorff dimension is calculated . previous results determining this quantity for random self - similar structures have relied on geometric properties of an underlying metric space or the scaling factors being bounded un... |
math0609557 | i | in 1998 , goresky , kottwitz and macpherson @xcite established the gkm theory , which gives a direct link between equivariant topology and combinatorics ( or more precisely , a link between gkm manifolds and gkm graphs ) . the most essential properties of a gkm manifold @xmath5 , such as the equivariant cohomology and ... | in this article we describe a canonical way to expand a certain kind of-colored regular graphs into closed-manifolds by adding cells determined by the edge - colorings inductively . we show that every closed combinatorial-manifold can be obtained in this way . when , we give simple equivalent conditions for a colored g... | in this article we describe a canonical way to expand a certain kind of-colored regular graphs into closed-manifolds by adding cells determined by the edge - colorings inductively . we show that every closed combinatorial-manifold can be obtained in this way . when , we give simple equivalent conditions for a colored g... |
hep-ph9804224 | i | we consider the production of a real photon or of a lepton pair in a quark - gluon plasma . the plasma is assumed to be in equilibrium at temperature @xmath1 . the theoretical framework used in the calculation is that of thermal field theory improved by the hard loop resummation @xcite of braaten and pisarski : in this... | in this paper , we extend the study of bremsstrahlung photon production in a quark - gluon plasma to the cases of soft static photons and hard real photons . the rate of real or virtual photon production in the plasma is appreciably increased compared to the one - loop predictions . 1 physics department and winnipeg... | in this paper , we extend the study of bremsstrahlung photon production in a quark - gluon plasma to the cases of soft static photons and hard real photons . the general framework of this study is the effective perturbative expansion based on the resummation of hard thermal loops . despite the fact that bremsstrahlung ... |
0902.0552 | i | the rapid development and wide application of computer techniques permits to collect and store a huge amount data , where the number of measured variables is usually large . such high dimensional data occur in many modern scientific fields , such as micro - array data in biology , stock market analysis in finance and w... | in this paper , we give an explanation to the failure of two likelihood ratio procedures for testing about covariance matrices from gaussian populations when the dimension is large compared to the sample size . next , using recent central limit theorems for linear spectral statistics of sample covariance matrices and o... | in this paper , we give an explanation to the failure of two likelihood ratio procedures for testing about covariance matrices from gaussian populations when the dimension is large compared to the sample size . next , using recent central limit theorems for linear spectral statistics of sample covariance matrices and o... |
1512.08906 | c | in this paper , we investigated thermal fluctuations of the granular gas driven by gaussian thermostat on the basis of the two - point kinetic theory . in particular , we considered the inelastic variable hard sphere ( ivhs ) as the component of the granular gas . spherically symmetric moment @xmath25 , which is calcul... | in this paper , we investigate thermal fluctuations of the granular gas , which is driven by gaussian thermostat , on the basis of two - point kinetic theory . in particular , we consider thermal fluctuations of the inelastic variable sphere , which was proposed by yano [ j. phys . | in this paper , we investigate thermal fluctuations of the granular gas , which is driven by gaussian thermostat , on the basis of two - point kinetic theory . in particular , we consider thermal fluctuations of the inelastic variable sphere , which was proposed by yano [ j. phys . a , 46 ( 37 ) , 375502 ( 2013 ) ] . t... |
1610.03288 | i | let @xmath1 be a compact , connected surface , and let @xmath7 be a finite ( possibly empty ) subset of @xmath1 of cardinality @xmath8 . let @xmath9 denote the group of homeomorphisms of @xmath1 for the operation of composition that leave @xmath10 invariant . if @xmath1 is orientable , let @xmath11 denote the set of el... | in this paper , we make use of the relations between the braid and mapping class groups of a compact , connected , non - orientable surface without boundary and those of its orientable double covering to study embeddings of these groups and their ( virtual ) cohomological dimensions . we first generalise results of to... | in this paper , we make use of the relations between the braid and mapping class groups of a compact , connected , non - orientable surface without boundary and those of its orientable double covering to study embeddings of these groups and their ( virtual ) cohomological dimensions . we first generalise results of to... |
1212.5159 | r | the total gas mass and stellar mass in our bcd sample both range from @xmath252 to @xmath253 @xmath254 . figure 2 shows the distribution of total gas mass as a function of stellar mass for e - type and i - type bcds . the solid line is a reference line for the case when the two qualities are the same . we find that , a... | the results of correlations among the oxygen abundance , stellar mass , gas mass , baryonic mass , and gas fraction are present both for e- and i - type bcds , which are classified according to loose & thuan ( 1985 ) and show elliptical and irregular outer haloes , respectively . , we suggest that e - type bcds , at le... | in this paper , we report our studies on the gaseous and chemical properties of a relatively large sample ( 53 members ) of blue compact dwarf galaxies ( bcds ) . the results of correlations among the oxygen abundance , stellar mass , gas mass , baryonic mass , and gas fraction are present both for e- and i - type bcds... |
1212.5159 | c | in this section we will mainly discuss the possible evolutionary connections between bcds , des and dis . there have been several evolutionary scenarios , both from observational and theoretical aspects , between bcds , des , and dis ( see papaderos et al . 1996 for a review ) . however , the question of whether there ... | these correlations of i - type bcds show similar slopes to those of e - type ones . however , in general , e - type bcds are more gas - poor and metal - rich than i - type ones at a given baryonic mass . based on these results | in this paper , we report our studies on the gaseous and chemical properties of a relatively large sample ( 53 members ) of blue compact dwarf galaxies ( bcds ) . the results of correlations among the oxygen abundance , stellar mass , gas mass , baryonic mass , and gas fraction are present both for e- and i - type bcds... |
1506.08307 | i | several applications where wireless body area networks ( wban ) are deployed around the human body , reliable and low delay communication is of paramount importance because of the critical nature of the collected data ( e.g. heart rate , blood pressure ) . energy consumption is also key for the prolonged operation of t... | one network is formed between on - body nodes , and is realized with capacitive body - coupled communication ( bcc ) , while an ieee 802.15.4 radio frequency ( rf ) network is used for forwarding data to the gateway . wban nodes that have blocked rf links due to body shadowing forward their data through the bcc link to... | in this paper we are concerned with the problem of data forwarding from a wireless body area network ( wban ) to a gateway when body shadowing affects the ability of wban nodes to communicate with the gateway . to solve this problem we present a new wban architecture that uses two communication technologies . one netwo... |
1506.08307 | l | in this paper we deal with the problem of optimizing data delivery from a wban to a gateway . the problem is challenging because communication between on - body and off - body nodes is very unreliable @xcite . the most promising way to attack the problem is through cooperation between wban nodes @xcite . with coopera... | in this paper we are concerned with the problem of data forwarding from a wireless body area network ( wban ) to a gateway when body shadowing affects the ability of wban nodes to communicate with the gateway . to solve this problem we present a new wban architecture that uses two communication technologies . | in this paper we are concerned with the problem of data forwarding from a wireless body area network ( wban ) to a gateway when body shadowing affects the ability of wban nodes to communicate with the gateway . to solve this problem we present a new wban architecture that uses two communication technologies . one netwo... |
1105.5437 | i | new strong interactions are a natural possibility for the dynamics underlying electroweak symmetry breaking . in analogy with the ads / cft correspondence @xcite , such dynamics are expected to have a weakly - coupled dual description in terms of a compactified five - dimensional gauge theory . in the dual five - dimen... | in this paper we consider the effects of top quark compositeness on the electroweak parameters and and the coupling . these models may also be viewed as highly - deconstructed versions of five - dimensional gauge theories dual to various strongly - interacting composite higgs theories . we comment on how our results re... | in this paper we consider the effects of top quark compositeness on the electroweak parameters and and the coupling . we do so by using an effective field theory analysis to identify several promising patterns of mixing between sm - like and vector fermions , and then analyzing simple extensions of the standard model t... |
1210.3884 | i | in the papers @xcite , treschev developed a new averaging method called continuous averaging . it is a powerful tool to derive sharp constants in the exponentially small splitting problems in hamiltonian systems with one and a half degrees of freedom . but the technicality becomes very heavy when we use the method to s... | in this paper we develop the _ continuous averaging _ method of treschev to work on the simultaneous diophantine approximation and apply the result to give a new proof of the nekhoroshev theorem . we obtain a sharp normal form theorem and an explicit estimate of the stability constants appearing in the nekhoroshev theo... | in this paper we develop the _ continuous averaging _ method of treschev to work on the simultaneous diophantine approximation and apply the result to give a new proof of the nekhoroshev theorem . we obtain a sharp normal form theorem and an explicit estimate of the stability constants appearing in the nekhoroshev theo... |
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