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math0503267 | i | in recent years , the problem of finding index formulas for elliptic pseudodifferential operators on singular manifolds has been studied in numerous papers ( e.g. , see plamenevsky - rozenblum @xcite , melrose - nistor @xcite , rozenblum @xcite , schulze - sternin - shatalov @xcite , nazaikinskii - sternin @xcite ... | a new approach to the construction of index formulas for elliptic operators on singular manifolds is suggested on the basis of-theory of algebras and cyclic cohomology . the equivalence of toeplitz and pseudodifferential quantizations , well known in the case of smooth closed manifolds , is extended to the case of mani... | a new approach to the construction of index formulas for elliptic operators on singular manifolds is suggested on the basis of-theory of algebras and cyclic cohomology . the equivalence of toeplitz and pseudodifferential quantizations , well known in the case of smooth closed manifolds , is extended to the case of mani... |
1008.1898 | i | the concept of a soliton as a localized particle - like excitation that preserves its shape can be extended to systems that are far from thermodynamic equilibrium through the concept of a `` dissipative soliton '' @xcite . this allows us to analyze a broad range of physical , chemical , and biological nonlinear systems... | a novel type of solitary wave is predicted to form in spin torque oscillators when the free layer has a sufficiently large perpendicular anisotropy . in this structure , which is a dissipative version of the conservative droplet soliton originally studied in 1977 by ivanov and kosevich asymptotic methods are used to de... | a novel type of solitary wave is predicted to form in spin torque oscillators when the free layer has a sufficiently large perpendicular anisotropy . in this structure , which is a dissipative version of the conservative droplet soliton originally studied in 1977 by ivanov and kosevich , spin torque counteracts the dam... |
1004.3120 | i | muscle is a bundle of cylindrical muscle fibres . one muscle fibre enclose hundreds of thinner cylindrical fibre called fibril . a fibril is a train of sarcommeres connected head to tail . the sarcomere , as seen by light microscopy , is a composite structure of actin filament and myosin filament(fig . [ muscle ] ) . t... | we proposed quantum many - particle hamiltonian to predict the force - velocity relation for the slow release of muscle fibre which has no empirical relation yet , it is much more complicate than hyperbolic relation . using the same hamiltonian , we predicted the mathematical force - velocity relation when the muscle i... | a quantum chain model of many molecule motors is proposed as a mathematical physics theory on the microscopic modeling of classical force - velocity relation and tension transients of muscle fibre . we proposed quantum many - particle hamiltonian to predict the force - velocity relation for the slow release of muscle f... |
q-bio0511004 | i | the choice of the coordinates used to describe a molecule is an important issue if computational considerations are to be taken into account and the efficiency of the simulations is pursued . this choice also affects the coding of applications . if cumbersomely defined coordinates are used , an unnecessary complexity m... | a set of rules is defined to systematically number the groups and the atoms of organic molecules and , particularly , of polypeptides in a modular manner . supported by this numeration , a set of internal coordinates is defined . these coordinates ( termed systematic , approximately separable and modular internal coord... | a set of rules is defined to systematically number the groups and the atoms of organic molecules and , particularly , of polypeptides in a modular manner . supported by this numeration , a set of internal coordinates is defined . these coordinates ( termed systematic , approximately separable and modular internal coord... |
hep-th0410229 | i | while de sitter space shares the same number of isometries as minkowski space , field theories exhibit some surprising properties in this simplest of curved backgrounds . an immediate example is the enormous stretching of scales in de sitter space which naturally connects short distances in the past to large distances ... | a spin particle propagating in a de sitter background has a one parameter family of states which transform covariantly under the isometry group of the background . we shall show how using a point - source propagator for a fermion in an-state produces divergent perturbative corrections . these corrections can not be use... | a spin particle propagating in a de sitter background has a one parameter family of states which transform covariantly under the isometry group of the background . these states are the fermionic analogues of the-vacua for a scalar field . we shall show how using a point - source propagator for a fermion in an-state pro... |
cond-mat9809351 | i | in colloidal suspensions the interaction between the mesoscopic dissolved particles and the solvent is of basic importance @xcite . for example , the solvent generates effective interactions between the colloidal particles which can even lead to flocculation . the richness of the physical properties of these systems is... | the temperature dependence of the corresponding order parameter profiles and of the excess adsorption are calculated explicitly . critical adsorption on elongated rods is substantially more pronounced than on spherical particles . it turns out that , within the context of critical phenomena in confined geometries , cri... | a systematic fieldtheoretic description of critical adsorption on curved objects such as spherical or rodlike colloidal particles immersed in a fluid near criticality is presented . the temperature dependence of the corresponding order parameter profiles and of the excess adsorption are calculated explicitly . critical... |
1607.05530 | i | in 1894 , with their pioneering work on free - recall experiments , binet and henry introduced a key tool for the controlled investigation of short - term memory ( binet and henry , 1894 ) . in its traditional form , a free - recall experiment is performed by presenting the subject with a list of words and then request... | the observation that lists of short words are recalled better than lists of long ones has been a long - standing subject of controversy , further complicated by the apparent inversion of the effect for mixed lists . in the framework here proposed , these behaviors emerge as an effect of the different level of localizat... | a theoretical framework is proposed for the understanding of verbal perception the conversion of words into meaning , modeled as a compromise between lexical demands and contextual constraints and the theory is tested against experiments on short - term memory . the observation that lists of short words are recalled ... |
1005.2147 | i | it is usually claimed that the quantum state of the universe is described by a wavefunction @xcite which should account for all the physical information which can be extracted from the universe . two main approaches have been followed in order to obtain such a wavefunction of the universe . first , it can be obtained a... | a third quantization formalism is applied to a simplified multiverse scenario . a well defined quantum state of the multiverse is obtained which agrees with standard boundary condition proposals . these states are found to be squeezed , and related to accelerating universes : they share similar properties to those obta... | a third quantization formalism is applied to a simplified multiverse scenario . a well defined quantum state of the multiverse is obtained which agrees with standard boundary condition proposals . these states are found to be squeezed , and related to accelerating universes : they share similar properties to those obta... |
0805.3814 | c | in conclusion , we have studied the extension to two spatial dimensions of a one - dimensional model describing coupled optical waveguides going beyond the lowest - order approximation and including nonlinear coupling , which , e.g. , is relevant for arrays of linear waveguides embedded in nonlinear media . the phenome... | we find that despite a vanishing energy difference ( peierls - nabarro barrier ) of fundamental stationary modes the mobility of localized excitations is very poor . this is attributed to a large separation in parameter space of the bifurcation points of the involved stationary modes . at these points the stability of ... | a two - dimensional nonlinear schrdinger lattice with nonlinear coupling , modelling a square array of weakly coupled linear optical waveguides embedded in a nonlinear kerr material , is studied . we find that despite a vanishing energy difference ( peierls - nabarro barrier ) of fundamental stationary modes the mobili... |
1601.01886 | i | a _ repetition _ of length @xmath7 ( @xmath8 ) in a sequence of symbols is a subsequence of consecutive terms of the form @xmath9 . a sequence is _ nonrepetitive _ ( or _ square - free _ ) if it does not contain a repetition of any length . in 1906 thue proved that there exist arbitrarily long nonrepetitive sequences o... | a vertex coloring of a graph is _ nonrepetitive _ if there is no path in the graph whose first half receives the same sequence of colors as the second half . while every tree can be nonrepetitively colored with a bounded number of colors ( colors is enough ) , fiorenzi , ochem , ossona de mendez , and zhu recently show... | a vertex coloring of a graph is _ nonrepetitive _ if there is no path in the graph whose first half receives the same sequence of colors as the second half . while every tree can be nonrepetitively colored with a bounded number of colors ( colors is enough ) , fiorenzi , ochem , ossona de mendez , and zhu recently show... |
0802.0326 | c | ab dor , speedy mic and rst 137b represent young ( @xmath0 100myr ) rapidly rotating ( p@xmath7612hr ) late - type stars lying at the saturated - supersaturated corona boundary region . based on an analysis of high resolution _ chandra _ x - ray spectra of these stars and subsequent comparison with results for other ... | plasma emission measure distributions as a function of temperature show broad peaks at k. differences between stars suggest that as supersaturation is reached the dem slope below the temperature of peak dem becomes shallower , while the dem drop - off above this temperature becomes more pronounced . a larger sample co... | ab dor , speedy mic and rst 137b are in their early post - t tauri evolutionary phase ( 100 myr ) , at the age of fastest rotation in the life of late - type stars . they straddle the coronal saturation - supersaturation boundary first defined by young stars in open clusters . high resolution _ chandra _ x - ray spe... |
0708.2818 | i | ads / cft correspondence @xcite is a useful framework to analyze strongly coupled yang - mills ( ym ) theories , and its application to quark - hadron physics is one of the important subjects from the phenomenological point of view . since macroscopic properties of quark - hadron systems , based on thermodynamics and h... | abstract we present a closed framework of ads / cft with finite-charge chemical potential . we show how the gauge - invariant identification of the chemical potential with the bulk gauge field emerges from the standard ads / cft dictionary . physical importance and necessity of the minkowski embeddings within the pr... | abstract we present a closed framework of ads / cft with finite-charge chemical potential . we show how the gauge - invariant identification of the chemical potential with the bulk gauge field emerges from the standard ads / cft dictionary . physical importance and necessity of the minkowski embeddings within the pr... |
0708.2818 | r | now , we would like to bring our attention to the claim presented in ref . @xcite . the authors of ref . @xcite pointed out the necessity of the charged source at @xmath117 , and they provided it by adding @xmath0-charge carrying objects to the system . their idea is to put fundamental strings ( f1 s ) between the d7-b... | we point out that the d3-d7 model with only the black - hole embeddings does not have the low - temperature and low - chemical - potential region in the grand - canonical ensemble , hence it is incomplete . a physical interpretation that explains these numerical results is also proposed . 0.5 cm | abstract we present a closed framework of ads / cft with finite-charge chemical potential . we show how the gauge - invariant identification of the chemical potential with the bulk gauge field emerges from the standard ads / cft dictionary . physical importance and necessity of the minkowski embeddings within the pr... |
astro-ph0405170 | i | most galactic nuclei are now believed to harbor supermassive black holes . these black holes are all accreting gas at a minimum from the interstellar medium proximate to the event horizon , and in some cases from dense disks of gas in orbit around the hole . the observational signatures of this accretion , however , d... | accretion onto supermassive black holes produces both the dramatic phenomena associated with active galactic nuclei and the underwhelming displays seen in the galactic center and most other nearby galaxies . i review selected aspects of the current theoretical understanding of black hole accretion , emphasizing the rol... | accretion onto supermassive black holes produces both the dramatic phenomena associated with active galactic nuclei and the underwhelming displays seen in the galactic center and most other nearby galaxies . i review selected aspects of the current theoretical understanding of black hole accretion , emphasizing the rol... |
1404.0184 | i | the first modern explanation of the chemical bond between two neutral hydrogen atoms was put forth in 1927 by heitler and london @xcite , and is one of the earliest applications of quantum theory , specifically that of schrdinger s wave mechanics formulation in 1926 @xcite . heitler and london showed that by accounti... | accurate experimental values for the vibrational ground tone or fundamental vibrational energy splitting of h , hd , and d are presented . a comparison is made with full _ ab initio _ calculations encompassing born - oppenheimer energies , adiabatic and non - adiabatic corrections , as well as relativistic corrections ... | accurate experimental values for the vibrational ground tone or fundamental vibrational energy splitting of h , hd , and d are presented . absolute accuracies of are obtained from doppler - free laser spectroscopy applied in a collisionless environment . the vibrational splitting frequencies are derived from the combin... |
1404.0184 | c | the fundamental vibrational energy splitting of h@xmath0 , hd , and d@xmath0 were determined to absolute accuracies of @xmath1 @xmath2 , or a relative accuracy of a few parts in @xmath105 . the vibrational splitting frequencies are derived from the combination difference between separate electronic excitations from the... | absolute accuracies of are obtained from doppler - free laser spectroscopy applied in a collisionless environment . the vibrational splitting frequencies are derived from the combination difference between separate electronic excitations from the and vibrational states to a common state . the experimental procedures le... | accurate experimental values for the vibrational ground tone or fundamental vibrational energy splitting of h , hd , and d are presented . absolute accuracies of are obtained from doppler - free laser spectroscopy applied in a collisionless environment . the vibrational splitting frequencies are derived from the combin... |
1112.6212 | i | adaptive network consists of a collection of agents that are interconnected to each other and solve distributed estimation and inference problems in a collaborative manner . two useful strategies that enable adaptation and learning over such networks in real - time are the incremental strategy @xcite and the diffusion ... | adaptive networks rely on in - network and collaborative processing among distributed agents to deliver enhanced performance in estimation and inference tasks . information is exchanged among the nodes , usually over noisy links . the combination weights that are used by the nodes to fuse information from their neighbo... | adaptive networks rely on in - network and collaborative processing among distributed agents to deliver enhanced performance in estimation and inference tasks . information is exchanged among the nodes , usually over noisy links . the combination weights that are used by the nodes to fuse information from their neighbo... |
1112.6212 | c | in this work we investigated the performance of diffusion algorithms under several sources of noise during information exchange and under non - stationary environments . we first showed that , on one hand , the link noise over the regression data biases the estimators and deteriorates the conditions for mean and mean -... | this paper first investigates the mean - square performance of general adaptive diffusion algorithms in the presence of various sources of imperfect information exchanges , quantization errors , and model non - stationarities . among other results we use these observations to show how the combination weights can be opt... | adaptive networks rely on in - network and collaborative processing among distributed agents to deliver enhanced performance in estimation and inference tasks . information is exchanged among the nodes , usually over noisy links . the combination weights that are used by the nodes to fuse information from their neighbo... |
1610.02457 | i | aiming at deriving a statistically well - justified galactic center distance based on a large variety of tracers and reducing any occurrence of publication bias , we embarked on an extensive data - mining effort of the scientific literature , eventually yielding 273 new or revised @xmath0 estimates published since reco... | aiming at deriving a statistically well - justified galactic center distance , , and reducing any occurrence of publication bias , we compiled the most comprehensive and most complete database of galactic center distances available to date , containing 273 new or revised estimates published since records began in octob... | aiming at deriving a statistically well - justified galactic center distance , , and reducing any occurrence of publication bias , we compiled the most comprehensive and most complete database of galactic center distances available to date , containing 273 new or revised estimates published since records began in octob... |
1506.07444 | c | the main results are summarized here . \1 ) approximate solutions in closed form are obtained for the 5-dimensional bohr hamiltonian with the woods saxon potential , using the pekeris approximation and the exact solutions of an extended woods saxon potential in one dimension , featuring a dip near its surface . \2 ) ... | approximate analytical solutions in closed form are obtained for the 5-dimensional bohr hamiltonian with the woods saxon potential , taking advantage of the pekeris approximation and the exactly soluble one - dimensional extended woods comparison to the data for several-unstable and prolate deformed nuclei indicates ... | approximate analytical solutions in closed form are obtained for the 5-dimensional bohr hamiltonian with the woods saxon potential , taking advantage of the pekeris approximation and the exactly soluble one - dimensional extended woods saxon potential with a dip near its surface . comparison to the data for several-u... |
1401.8272 | i | it is a great honor for me to be invited at the seventh international conference on geometry and topology of manifolds , dedicated to the mathematical legacy of charles ehresmann . i enjoyed with great pleasure the hospitality of the mathematical research and conference center of the polish academy of sciences , and i ... | around 1923 , lie cartan introduced affine connections on manifolds and defined the main related concepts : torsion , curvature , holonomy groups . lie cartan extended these concepts for other types of connections on a manifold : euclidean , galilean and minkowskian connections which can be considered as special types ... | around 1923 , lie cartan introduced affine connections on manifolds and defined the main related concepts : torsion , curvature , holonomy groups . he discussed applications of these concepts in classical and relativistic mechanics ; in particular he explained how parallel transport with respect to a connection can be ... |
1609.04129 | i | a particularly interesting direction within the landscape of topological systems is to realize topological superconductivity . within condensed matter physics there has been a significant effort to find systems that exhibit topological superconductivity as such systems are predicted to harbor the , heretofore , elusive... | as a promising candidate system to realize topological superconductivity , the system of a 3d topological insulator ( ti ) grown on top of the-wave superconductor has been extensively studied . to access the topological superconductivity experimentally , the 3d ti sample must be thin enough to allow for cooper pair tun... | as a promising candidate system to realize topological superconductivity , the system of a 3d topological insulator ( ti ) grown on top of the-wave superconductor has been extensively studied . to access the topological superconductivity experimentally , the 3d ti sample must be thin enough to allow for cooper pair tun... |
1206.4313 | m | to model cloudy t dwarf atmospheres , we modify the am01 cloud model . this model has successfully been used to model the effects of the iron , silicate , and corundum clouds on the spectra of l dwarfs saumon08,stephens09 . here , we do not include the opacity of iron , silicate , and corundum clouds ; based on observe... | are calculated using the am01 cloud model , which is coupled to an atmosphere model to produce atmospheric pressure - temperature profiles in radiative - convective equilibrium . the emergence of sulfide clouds in cool atmospheres , particularly nas , may be a more natural explanation for the `` cloudy '' spectra of th... | as brown dwarfs cool , a variety of species condense in their atmospheres , forming clouds . iron and silicate clouds shape the emergent spectra of l dwarfs , but these clouds dissipate at the l / t transition . a variety of other condensates are expected to form in cooler t dwarf atmospheres . these include cr , mns ,... |
1206.4313 | i | cloud formation is a natural and unavoidable phenomenon in cool substellar atmospheres . at temperatures cooler than those of l dwarfs , chemistry dictates that additional condensates , beyond the silicates and iron , must form . we have examined the effect of including the most abundant of these lower - temperature co... | these include cr , mns , nas , zns , and kcl , but the opacity of these optically thinner clouds has not been included in previous atmosphere models . here , we examine their effect on model t and y dwarf atmospheres . the cloud structures and opacities we generate a suite of models between = 400 and 1300 k , log=4.0 ... | as brown dwarfs cool , a variety of species condense in their atmospheres , forming clouds . iron and silicate clouds shape the emergent spectra of l dwarfs , but these clouds dissipate at the l / t transition . a variety of other condensates are expected to form in cooler t dwarf atmospheres . these include cr , mns ,... |
1407.4820 | i | during the brief history of extrasolar planet investigations , our understanding of the relative populations of different types of planets has been limited by the observational biases of the techniques employed . with the advent of sophisticated transit searches and hypersensitive radial velocity measurements , signifi... | these results complement previously published m dwarf planet occurrence rates by providing astrometrically determined upper mass limits on potential super - jupiter companions at orbits of two years and longer . as part of a continuing survey , these results are consistent with the paucity of super - jupiter and brown ... | astrometric measurements are presented for seven nearby stars with previously detected planets : six m dwarfs ( gj 317 , gj 667c , gj 581 , gj 849 , gj 876 , and gj 1214 ) and one k dwarf ( bd 3166 ) . measurements are also presented for six additional nearby m dwarfs without known planets , but which are more favorabl... |
1407.4820 | r | table [ tab1 ] gives the parallax and proper motion results for the 16 systems , with details about the astrometric observations ( filters used , number of seasons observed , number of frames used in reductions , time coverage , span of time , and the number of reference stars ) and results ( relative parallaxes , para... | astrometric measurements are presented for seven nearby stars with previously detected planets : six m dwarfs ( gj 317 , gj 667c , gj 581 , gj 849 , gj 876 , and gj 1214 ) and one k dwarf ( bd 3166 ) . measurements are also presented for six additional nearby m dwarfs without known planets , but which are more favorabl... | astrometric measurements are presented for seven nearby stars with previously detected planets : six m dwarfs ( gj 317 , gj 667c , gj 581 , gj 849 , gj 876 , and gj 1214 ) and one k dwarf ( bd 3166 ) . measurements are also presented for six additional nearby m dwarfs without known planets , but which are more favorabl... |
1606.06770 | i | the detailed study of unstable nuclei was a major subject in nuclear physics during recent decades . @xmath0 decay measurements provide not only important information on the structure of the daughter and parent nuclei , but can also be used to inform nuclear astrophysics studies and probe fundamental subatomic symmetri... | background : : measurements of decay provide important nuclear structure information that can be used to probe isospin asymmetries and inform nuclear astrophysics studies . a complete -decay scheme was built for the allowed transitions to bound excited states ofsi . | background : : measurements of decay provide important nuclear structure information that can be used to probe isospin asymmetries and inform nuclear astrophysics studies . purpose : : to measure the-delayed decay ofp and compare the results with previous experimental results and shell - model calcula... |
1606.06770 | r | as mentioned in sec . [ sec : intro ] , the data presented in this paper are from the same experiment described in refs . @xcite , but independent sorting and analysis routines were developed and employed . the values extracted are therefore slightly different , but consistent within uncertainties . new values derived ... | positrons emitted in the decay were detected in coincidence to reduce the background . results : : the absolute intensities ofp -delayed-rays were determined . values and gamow - teller strengths were also determined for these transitions and compared with shell model calculations and the mirror -de... | background : : measurements of decay provide important nuclear structure information that can be used to probe isospin asymmetries and inform nuclear astrophysics studies . purpose : : to measure the-delayed decay ofp and compare the results with previous experimental results and shell - model calcula... |
1606.06770 | c | we have measured the absolute @xmath1-ray intensities and deduced the @xmath0-decay branches for the decay of @xmath2p to bound states and low - lying resonances of @xmath2si . we have observed six new @xmath0-decay branches and 15 @xmath1-ray lines never observed before in @xmath2p @xmath0 decay , likely corresponding... | a total of six new-decay branches and 15 new -ray lines have been observed for the first time inp-decay . conclusions : : a very good agreement with theoretical predictions based on the usdb shell model is observed . the significant mirror asymmetry observed for the transition to the first excited state ... | background : : measurements of decay provide important nuclear structure information that can be used to probe isospin asymmetries and inform nuclear astrophysics studies . purpose : : to measure the-delayed decay ofp and compare the results with previous experimental results and shell - model calcula... |
1502.02862 | c | both an empirical wave in free flow ( figs . [ breakdown ] ( b ) and [ nuclei1996_2 ] ) and a localized congested pattern ( wide moving jam in fig . [ breakdown ] ( c ) ) become to be nuclei for traffic breakdown , when they reach the effective location of a highway bottleneck . however , the propagation of a single... | based on an empirical study of real field traffic data measured in 19962014 through road detectors installed on german freeways , we reveal physical features of empirical nuclei for spontaneous traffic breakdown in free flow at highway bottlenecks . it is shown that the source of a nucleus for traffic breakdown is the ... | based on an empirical study of real field traffic data measured in 19962014 through road detectors installed on german freeways , we reveal physical features of empirical nuclei for spontaneous traffic breakdown in free flow at highway bottlenecks . it is shown that the source of a nucleus for traffic breakdown is the ... |
1602.08845 | i | big data analytics is a major topic in contemporary data management and machine learning research and practice . many platforms , e.g. , optiml @xcite , graphlab @xcite , systemml @xcite , vowpal wabbit @xcite , simsql @xcite , glade @xcite and libraries , e.g. , madlib @xcite , bismarck @xcite , mllib @xcite ,... | it generalizes big data analytics which is targeted at how to train memory - resident models over out - of - memory training data . in this paper , we propose an in - database solution for big model analytics . the paramount challenge in designing the dot - product join operator is how to optimally schedule access to t... | big model analytics tackles the training of massive models that go beyond the available memory of a single computing device , e.g. , cpu or gpu . it generalizes big data analytics which is targeted at how to train memory - resident models over out - of - memory training data . in this paper , we propose an in - databas... |
1604.04789 | i | the world wide power grid can be considered one of the greatest masterpiece of engineering that human being has ever made . moreover , starting from the first industrial revolution , smart grids ( sgs ) are one of the most important breakthrough that science and engineering fields are carrying out . currently , the sma... | bio - inspired algorithms like genetic algorithms and fuzzy inference systems ( fis ) are nowadays widely adopted as hybrid techniques in commercial and industrial environment . in this paper we present an interesting application of the fuzzy - ga paradigm to smart grids . the main aim consists in performing decision m... | bio - inspired algorithms like genetic algorithms and fuzzy inference systems ( fis ) are nowadays widely adopted as hybrid techniques in commercial and industrial environment . in this paper we present an interesting application of the fuzzy - ga paradigm to smart grids . the main aim consists in performing decision m... |
1604.04789 | c | computational intelligence techniques are today a consolidated framework for solving engineering problems such as challenges arising in smart grid context . in this paper we study a portion of a smart grid , acting as a microgrid , characterized by the presence of renewable sources and equipped with a bess unit allowin... | in particular this study focuses on the application of a hierarchical genetic algorithm ( hga ) for tuning the rule base ( rb ) of a fuzzy inference system ( fis ) , trying to discover a minimal fuzzy rules set in a fuzzy logic controller ( flc ) adopted to perform decision making in the microgrid . | bio - inspired algorithms like genetic algorithms and fuzzy inference systems ( fis ) are nowadays widely adopted as hybrid techniques in commercial and industrial environment . in this paper we present an interesting application of the fuzzy - ga paradigm to smart grids . the main aim consists in performing decision m... |
gr-qc0610131 | i | it is well known within the framework of black - hole perturbation theory @xcite that quasi - normal modes ( qnms ) ( i.e. , exponentially damped harmonic oscillations ) dominate the gravitational - wave response of a non - spherically distorted black hole if the corresponding frequencies are part of the fourier spect... | the matter models considered include quadrupolar dust shells and thick accretion disks , permitting us to simulate situations which may be encountered at the end stages of stellar gravitational collapse or binary neutron star merger . we focus on the interference pattern appearing in the energy spectra of the emitted g... | by combining the numerical solution of the nonlinear hydrodynamics equations with the solution of the linear inhomogeneous zerilli - moncrief and regge - wheeler equations we investigate the properties of the gravitational radiation emitted during the axisymmetric accretion of matter onto a schwarzschild black hole . t... |
gr-qc0610131 | c | by performing numerical simulations that combine the solution of the nonlinear hydrodynamics equations with that of the linear inhomogeneous zerilli - moncrief and regge - wheeler equations , we have studied the features of the gravitational - wave signals generated by the accretion of matter onto a schwarzschild black... | by combining the numerical solution of the nonlinear hydrodynamics equations with the solution of the linear inhomogeneous zerilli - moncrief and regge - wheeler equations we investigate the properties of the gravitational radiation emitted during the axisymmetric accretion of matter onto a schwarzschild black hole . o... | by combining the numerical solution of the nonlinear hydrodynamics equations with the solution of the linear inhomogeneous zerilli - moncrief and regge - wheeler equations we investigate the properties of the gravitational radiation emitted during the axisymmetric accretion of matter onto a schwarzschild black hole . t... |
1302.4748 | i | the pairing symmetry of the superconducting state in iron - based superconductors ( ibs ) has been one of the most debated subjects since their first discovery , in both theory and experiments.@xcite its determination is particularly challenging in the ibs for their complex electronic structure , with a strong multiban... | by means of space - group symmetry arguments , we argue that the electronic pairing in iron - based high temperature superconductors shows a structure which is a linear combination of _ planar _ s - wave and d - wave symmetry channels , both preserving the 3-dimensional irreducible representation of the corresponding c... | by means of space - group symmetry arguments , we argue that the electronic pairing in iron - based high temperature superconductors shows a structure which is a linear combination of _ planar _ s - wave and d - wave symmetry channels , both preserving the 3-dimensional irreducible representation of the corresponding c... |
gr-qc0701166 | i | penrose s definition of _ asymptotic simplicity _ is an attempt to provide a characterisation of isolated systems in general relativity @xcite . it offers a framework on which diverse notions of physical interest can be defined and handled in a precise and rigorous manner . there is , however , a notorious lack of nont... | certain aspects of the behaviour of the gravitational field near null and spatial infinity for the developments of asymptotically euclidean , conformally flat initial data sets are analysed . the decay of the weyl tensor for the developments of the class of initial data under consideration is analysed under some existe... | certain aspects of the behaviour of the gravitational field near null and spatial infinity for the developments of asymptotically euclidean , conformally flat initial data sets are analysed . ideas and results from two different approaches are combined : on the one hand the null infinity formalism related to the asympt... |
1305.3530 | i | the problem of checking the _ validity _ of quasiequations in finitely generated ( i.e. , generated by a finite set of finite algebras ) quasivarieties or , similarly , checking consequences from finite sets of formulas in finite - valued logics , is decidable and has been investigated extensively in the literature . i... | checking the admissibility of quasiequations in a finitely generated ( i.e. , generated by a finite set of finite algebras ) quasivariety amounts to checking validity in a suitable finite free algebra of the quasivariety , and is therefore decidable . however , since free algebras may be large even for small sets of sm... | checking the admissibility of quasiequations in a finitely generated ( i.e. , generated by a finite set of finite algebras ) quasivariety amounts to checking validity in a suitable finite free algebra of the quasivariety , and is therefore decidable . however , since free algebras may be large even for small sets of sm... |
1503.07819 | i | it is commonly known that variational methods are a powerful tool for studying the dynamics of various physical systems , e.g.,quantum molecular dynamics @xcite , fluid mechanics @xcite , classical motion of single particles and collective processes in plasmas @xcite , and wave propagation in both linear and nonlinear ... | classical variational principles can be deduced from quantum variational principles via formal reparameterization of the latter . it is shown that such reparameterization is possible without invoking any assumptions other than classicality and without appealing to dynamical equations . as examples , first principle var... | classical variational principles can be deduced from quantum variational principles via formal reparameterization of the latter . it is shown that such reparameterization is possible without invoking any assumptions other than classicality and without appealing to dynamical equations . as examples , first principle var... |
1304.5498 | i | clique - width is a fundamental graph invariant that has been widely studied in combinatorics and computer science . clique - width measures in a certain sense the `` complexity '' of a graph . it is defined via a graph construction process involving four operations where only a limited number of vertex labels are avai... | clique - width is a graph invariant that has been widely studied in combinatorics and computer science . however , computing the clique - width of a graph is an intricate problem , the exact clique - width is not known even for very small graphs . we present a new method for computing the clique - width of graphs based... | clique - width is a graph invariant that has been widely studied in combinatorics and computer science . however , computing the clique - width of a graph is an intricate problem , the exact clique - width is not known even for very small graphs . we present a new method for computing the clique - width of graphs based... |
astro-ph0211430 | i | fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background ( cmb ) radiation can provide information about hot gas in galaxy clusters over a wide range of redshifts ( sunyaev & zeldovich 1972,1980 ( hereafter sz ) , and @xcite ) . on arcminute angular scales and smaller , the thermal sz contribution to the cmb anisotropy is expec... | clusters of galaxies produce negative features at wavelengths mm in cmb maps , by means of the thermal sz effect , while point radio sources produce positive peaks . [ firstpage ] cosmology : cosmic microwave background cosmology : observations galaxies : clusters : general . | clusters of galaxies produce negative features at wavelengths mm in cmb maps , by means of the thermal sz effect , while point radio sources produce positive peaks . this fact implies that a distribution of unresolved sz clusters could be detected using the negative asymmetry introduced in the odd - moments of the brig... |
astro-ph0211430 | c | in this paper we have discussed five statements : * the contribution of sz clusters to the map noise at @xmath0 mm does not depend on the wavelength , and has a strong and peculiar non - gaussian negative tail in the @xmath6 function . * this contribution has characteristic negative skewness ( or bispectrum ) at @xm... | this property provides a consistency check to the recent detections from cbi and bima experiments of an excess of power at small angular scales , in order to confirm that they are produced by a distribution of unresolved sz clusters . this approach could also be used with the data of the planned sz experiments ( e.g. a... | clusters of galaxies produce negative features at wavelengths mm in cmb maps , by means of the thermal sz effect , while point radio sources produce positive peaks . this fact implies that a distribution of unresolved sz clusters could be detected using the negative asymmetry introduced in the odd - moments of the brig... |
astro-ph0105527 | i | star formation has been a long - standing target in astrophysics . the infrared protostar distribution revealed that the molecular cloud cores , which coincide with relatively high - density part ( @xmath2 ) of the molecular clouds , are the sites of star formation . the observed molecular cloud cores are divided into ... | the gas with excess angular momentum near the surface is finally ejected , which explains the molecular bipolar outflow . two types of outflows are observed . it is found that another outflow is ejected around the second atomic core , which seems to correspond to the optical jets or the fast neutral winds . | collapse of the rotating magnetized molecular cloud core is studied with the axisymmetric magnetohydrodynamical ( mhd ) simulations . due to the change of the equation of state of the interstellar gas , the molecular cloud cores experience several different phases as collapse proceeds . in the isothermal run - away col... |
astro-ph0105527 | r | in model a , we calculated the evolution with @xmath83 , @xmath84 , @xmath85 , and @xmath86 . we summarized the adopted parameters in table [ table2 ] . similar to the _ non - rotational _ magnetized cloud [ see figs . 2b and 2c of @xcite ] , the cylindrical cloud fragments into prolate spheroidal shape whose wavelengt... | , the angular momentum is transferred from the disk mid - plane to the surface . when the poloidal magnetic field is strong ( magnetic energy is comparable to the thermal one ) , a u - shaped outflow is formed in which fast moving gas is confined to the wall whose shape looks like a capital letter u. the other is the t... | collapse of the rotating magnetized molecular cloud core is studied with the axisymmetric magnetohydrodynamical ( mhd ) simulations . due to the change of the equation of state of the interstellar gas , the molecular cloud cores experience several different phases as collapse proceeds . in the isothermal run - away col... |
astro-ph0105527 | i | we have explored the evolution of a magnetized interstellar cloud rotating around the symmetric axis . following the change in the equation of state of the interstellar gas @xcite , the cloud experiences several phases before going to a star , that is , the isothermal run - away collapse , the slowly contracting core c... | collapse of the rotating magnetized molecular cloud core is studied with the axisymmetric magnetohydrodynamical ( mhd ) simulations . due to the change of the equation of state of the interstellar gas , the molecular cloud cores experience several different phases as collapse proceeds . in the isothermal run - away col... | collapse of the rotating magnetized molecular cloud core is studied with the axisymmetric magnetohydrodynamical ( mhd ) simulations . due to the change of the equation of state of the interstellar gas , the molecular cloud cores experience several different phases as collapse proceeds . in the isothermal run - away col... |
1509.01985 | c | the popular density - matrix functionals , the mller functional@xcite , the hartree - fock approximation and the power functional@xcite , which continuously interpolates between the other two , have been benchmarked for the hubbard dimer . the hartree - fock approximation is , for the hubbard model@xcite , analogous to... | common density - matrix functionals , the mller and the power functional , have been benchmarked for the half - filled hubbard dimer , which allows to model the bond dissociation problem and the transition from the weakly to the strongly correlated limit . the power functional actually favors the ferromagnetic state fo... | common density - matrix functionals , the mller and the power functional , have been benchmarked for the half - filled hubbard dimer , which allows to model the bond dissociation problem and the transition from the weakly to the strongly correlated limit . unbiased numerical calculations are combined with analytical re... |
hep-th9805123 | i | the advance in the ability to analyze strong coupling effects in supersymmetric field theories @xcite led to a verification of some qualitative ideas about the behavior of gauge field theories . in particular , confinement in @xmath0 supersymmetric qcd ( sqcd ) was shown @xcite to be related , as expected , to monopole... | the electric flux tubes are identified as m2 branes ending on the m5 branes and the conserved charge they carry is identified as a topological property . the group of charges carried by the flux tubes is calculated and the results agree in all cases considered with the field theoretical expectations . in particular , w... | confinement and screening are investigated in susy gauge theories , realized by an m5 brane configuration , extending an approach applied previously to sym theory , to other models . the electric flux tubes are identified as m2 branes ending on the m5 branes and the conserved charge they carry is identified as a topolo... |
hep-th9805123 | i | in this work we used the realization of supersymmetric gauge theories in m theory to investigate confinement and screening . we considered the following ( @xmath0 supersymmetric ) models : * @xmath9 susy @xmath7 gauge theory with @xmath20 fundamental flavors , perturbed by a polynomial superpotential for the adjoint... | ri-5 - 98 + cern - th-98 - 184 + hep - th/9805123 + 255= 255 by 60 255 by-60 255 by // + + shmuel elitzur , oskar pelc and eliezer rabinovici + _racah institute of physics , the hebrew university + jerusalem , 91904 , israel _ + and + _ theory division , cern + ch-1211 geneva 23 , switzerland _ + e - mail : elitz... | confinement and screening are investigated in susy gauge theories , realized by an m5 brane configuration , extending an approach applied previously to sym theory , to other models . the electric flux tubes are identified as m2 branes ending on the m5 branes and the conserved charge they carry is identified as a topolo... |
1406.1996 | r | as pointed out in the introduction ( sec.[sec : introduction ] ) , the confinement can modify the structure of a fluid resulting in an inhomogeneous density profile . in a slit pore geometry , near the confining walls , particles form layers parallel to the walls as the temperature is decreased or the density is increa... | confinement can modify the dynamics , the thermodynamics and the structural properties of liquid water , the prototypical anomalous liquid . by considering a general anomalous liquid , suitable for globular proteins , colloids or liquid metals , we study by molecular dynamics simulations the effect of a solvophilic str... | confinement can modify the dynamics , the thermodynamics and the structural properties of liquid water , the prototypical anomalous liquid . by considering a general anomalous liquid , suitable for globular proteins , colloids or liquid metals , we study by molecular dynamics simulations the effect of a solvophilic str... |
1406.1996 | c | by considering many layers of a confined anomalous fluid @xcite we show that the effect of the structured solvophilic wall can extend up to the entire slit pore . in particular , we study structural and dynamical properties of a monocomponent anomalous liquid under confinement . the fluid has two characteristic distanc... | we find that at low temperatures the large density of the solvophilic wall induces a high - density , high - energy structure in the first layer ( `` templating '' effect ) . in turn therefore , although the high - density , high - energy structure does not self - reproduce further than the first layer , the structured... | confinement can modify the dynamics , the thermodynamics and the structural properties of liquid water , the prototypical anomalous liquid . by considering a general anomalous liquid , suitable for globular proteins , colloids or liquid metals , we study by molecular dynamics simulations the effect of a solvophilic str... |
0809.4554 | i | in @xcite , dawson and perkins introduced a population dynamic model of two populations that live on a countable site space @xmath2 . the individuals migrate between sites and , at any given site , perform a critical branching process with a branching rate proportional to the local size of the population of the respect... | consider the mutually catalytic branching process with finite branching rate . we show that as , this process converges in finite - dimensional distributions ( in time ) to a certain discontinuous process . we give descriptions of this process in terms of its semigroup in terms of the infinitesimal generator and as the... | consider the mutually catalytic branching process with finite branching rate . we show that as , this process converges in finite - dimensional distributions ( in time ) to a certain discontinuous process . we give descriptions of this process in terms of its semigroup in terms of the infinitesimal generator and as the... |
astro-ph0703455 | i | the simplest models of inflation involve only a single scalar field , the inflaton @xcite . with a suitably chosen potential , such a model can provide a simple explanation of the temperature fluctuations in the cmb at all angular scales @xcite . there are however a number of possible anomalies in the cmb power spectru... | we note that in this situation it is natural that there also be a spatial gradient in the initial value of the inflaton field , and that this can provide a spatial asymmetry in the observed cmb power spectrum , manifest at low values of . mpp-2009 - 57 + * non - isotropy in the cmb power spectrum in single field in... | contaldi have suggested that an initial period of kinetic energy domination in single field inflation may explain the lack of cmb power at large angular scales . we note that in this situation it is natural that there also be a spatial gradient in the initial value of the inflaton field , and that this can provide a sp... |
astro-ph0104257 | i | the last decade has witnessed an explosive growth of high - quality data for supernovae both from the space and ground observatories with spectacular results , and new perspectives for the use of sne ia as cosmological yard sticks and for constraining the physics of supernovae . one of the most important new developme... | based on the structures for the wd , detailed model calculations have been performed for the hydrodynamical explosion , nucleosynthesis and light curves . the metallicity alters the isotopic composition of the outer layers of the ejecta . we use our results and recent observations to constrain the progenitors , and ... | detailed stellar evolution calculations have been performed to quantify the influence of the main sequence mass and the metallicity z of the progenitor on the structure of the exploding wd which are thought to be the progenitors of sne ia . in particular , we study the effects of progenitors on the brightness decline ... |
astro-ph0104257 | c | using a delayed detonation model and realistic structures for the exploding white dwarf , we have studied the influence of the progenitor star on the light curves and spectral properties of type ia supernovae . * stellar models : * we considered stars between 1.5 to 7 @xmath2 and metallicities between @xmath91 ( solar ... | our study is based on the delayed detonation scenario with specific parameters which give a good account of typical light curves and spectra . a change in the central density of the exploding wd has similar effects but produces the opposite dependency between the brightness to tail ratio and and , therefore , can be se... | detailed stellar evolution calculations have been performed to quantify the influence of the main sequence mass and the metallicity z of the progenitor on the structure of the exploding wd which are thought to be the progenitors of sne ia . in particular , we study the effects of progenitors on the brightness decline ... |
cond-mat0412123 | i | the casimir force @xcite between uncharged metallic plates attracts considerable attention as a macroscopic manifestation of the quantum vacuum @xcite . with the development of microtechnologies that routinely allow control of the separation between bodies smaller than 1 @xmath0 the force became a subject of systematic... | it is argued that the precise values of the drude parameters are crucial for accurate evaluation of the force . the dielectric function of perfect single crystalline gold is discussed . it is used to establish the upper limit on the absolute value of the force . it is demonstrated that the force between films is smalle... | difference between bulk material and deposited film is shown to have an appreciable influence on the casimir force . analysis of the optical data on gold films unambiguously demonstrates the sample dependence : the dielectric functions of the films deposited in different conditions are different on the level that can n... |
1310.2926 | i | distance covariance ( dcov ) and distance correlation characterize multivariate independence for random vectors in arbitrary , not necessarily equal dimension . in this work we focus on the open problem of _ partial distance correlation_. our intermediate results include methods for applying distance correlation to dis... | distance covariance and distance correlation are scalar coefficients that characterize independence of random vectors in arbitrary dimension . properties , extensions , and applications of distance correlation have been discussed in the recent literature , but the problem of defining the partial distance correlation ha... | distance covariance and distance correlation are scalar coefficients that characterize independence of random vectors in arbitrary dimension . properties , extensions , and applications of distance correlation have been discussed in the recent literature , but the problem of defining the partial distance correlation ha... |
1103.3268 | i | directly extending our previous publication ( ymm09 ) , we continue to study massless particles moving under the gravitational influence of density fluctuations due to saturated magneto - rotational turbulence in a local , isothermal , keplerian gas disk . we include linearized vertical gravity from the host star and t... | due to the gravitational influence of density fluctuations driven by magneto - rotational instability in the gas disk , planetesimals and protoplanets undergo diffusive radial migration as well as changes in other orbital properties . this correlation indicates that caution should be exercised when interpreting local -... | due to the gravitational influence of density fluctuations driven by magneto - rotational instability in the gas disk , planetesimals and protoplanets undergo diffusive radial migration as well as changes in other orbital properties . the magnitude of the effect on particle orbits can have important consequences for pl... |
1309.0526 | i | the chemical abundance of galaxies is an integrated information on the sequential process of star formation , stellar death , and ejection of heavy elements lasting over a galactic age under an individual specific galaxy environment . therefore , an unusual observed chemical feature detected in some galaxies , that is ... | dwarf irregular galaxies ( dirrs ) including the magellanic clouds in the local universe , in many cases , exhibit an unusually low n / o abundance ratio ( this ratio is broadly equivalent to the average level of extremely metal - poor stars in the galactic halo , suggesting that n released from asymptotic giant branch... | dwarf irregular galaxies ( dirrs ) including the magellanic clouds in the local universe , in many cases , exhibit an unusually low n / o abundance ratio ( n / o ) in h ii regions as compared with the solar value ( ) . this ratio is broadly equivalent to the average level of extremely metal - poor stars in the galactic... |
1309.0526 | c | our theoretical scheme is constructed under a hypothesis that preferential loss of massive agb ejecta together with those of prompt sne ia occurs in dirrs . this view is favoured by hydrodynamical simulations in the starburst model @xcite . in this model , sne ii explode in dense ism where most of energy from sne ii is... | accordingly , we propose that the ejecta of massive agb stars that correspond to a major production site of n can be stripped from dirrs that have undergone a strong interaction with a luminous galaxy . the physical process of its stripping is made up of two stages : ( i ) the ejecta of massive agb stars in a dirr are ... | dwarf irregular galaxies ( dirrs ) including the magellanic clouds in the local universe , in many cases , exhibit an unusually low n / o abundance ratio ( n / o ) in h ii regions as compared with the solar value ( ) . this ratio is broadly equivalent to the average level of extremely metal - poor stars in the galactic... |
astro-ph0511284 | i | the cumulative stellar mass loss from the stars in an early - type galaxy is typically 0.1 - 3 m@xmath6 yr@xmath7 ( e.g. , @xcite ) , which , integrated over a hubble time , is comparable to the gaseous mass of a spiral galaxy . the absence of a massive disk of cool atomic and molecular gas in early - type galaxies ind... | early - type galaxies often contain a hot x - ray emitting interstellar medium ( 3 - 8 k ) with an apparent radiative cooling time much less than a hubble time . we report on a study of an unbiased sample of 24 galaxies , obtaining _ far ultraviolet spectroscopic explorer _ there is a correlation between and , although... | early - type galaxies often contain a hot x - ray emitting interstellar medium ( 3 - 8 k ) with an apparent radiative cooling time much less than a hubble time . if unopposed by a heating mechanism , the gas will radiatively cool to temperatures 10 k at a rate proportional to/ , typically 0.03 - 1 m yr . we can test if... |
cond-mat9806107 | i | understanding of the physical origins and systematics underlying the variations of materials properties with size , form of aggregation , and dimensionality are some of the main challenges in modern materials research , of ever increasing importance in the face of the accelerated trend toward miniaturization of electro... | b * 101 * , 5780 ( 1997 ) ] to wires containing a variable - shaped constricted region . these subbands are the analogs of shells in finite - size , zero - dimensional fermionic systems , such as metal clusters , atomic nuclei , andhe clusters , where magic numbers are known to occur . these variations in the energy re... | energetics and quantized conductance in jellium - modeled nanowires are investigated using the local - density - functional - based shell correction method , extending our previous study of uniform - in - shape wires [ c. yannouleas and u. landman , j. phys . chem . b * 101 * , 5780 ( 1997 ) ] to wires containing a var... |
cond-mat9806107 | c | in this paper , we extended our investigations @xcite of energetics , conductance , and mesoscopic forces in a jellium modelled nanowire ( sodium ) using the local - density - functional - based shell correction method to variable - shaped wires , i.e. , containing a constricted region modeled here by a parabolic depen... | energetics and quantized conductance in jellium - modeled nanowires are investigated using the local - density - functional - based shell correction method , extending our previous study of uniform - in - shape wires [ c. yannouleas and u. landman , j. phys . the energetics of the wire ( sodium ) as a function of the l... | energetics and quantized conductance in jellium - modeled nanowires are investigated using the local - density - functional - based shell correction method , extending our previous study of uniform - in - shape wires [ c. yannouleas and u. landman , j. phys . chem . b * 101 * , 5780 ( 1997 ) ] to wires containing a var... |
0803.0295 | i | the optical and near - infrared spectral energy distributions of very low mass stars and brown dwarfs late - type m , l and t dwarfs are distinctly non - blackbody . overlapping molecular bands and strong line emission produce a rich array of spectral diagnostics for classification and characterization of physical pr... | evidence is presented that 2mass j03202839 , a late - type dwarf with discrepant optical ( m8 : ) and near - infrared ( l1 ) spectral types , is an as - yet unresolved stellar / brown dwarf binary with late - type m dwarf and t dwarf components . this conclusion is based on low - resolution , near - infrared spectrosc... | evidence is presented that 2mass j03202839 , a late - type dwarf with discrepant optical ( m8 : ) and near - infrared ( l1 ) spectral types , is an as - yet unresolved stellar / brown dwarf binary with late - type m dwarf and t dwarf components . this conclusion is based on low - resolution , near - infrared spectrosc... |
0803.0295 | c | we have found that subtle peculiarities observed in the near - infrared spectrum of 2mass j0320@xmath00446 , in particular a characteristic bowl - shaped dip at 1.6 @xmath1 , indicate the presence of a mid - type t dwarf companion . this companion is unresolved in lgs ao imaging observations ( including the first app... | the feature , which is also present in the combined light spectrum of the m8.5 + t6 binary scr 1845 , arises from the combination of feh absorption from an m8.5 primary and pseudo - continuum flux from a t5 secondary , as ascertained from binary spectral templates constructed from empirical data . the binary templates ... | evidence is presented that 2mass j03202839 , a late - type dwarf with discrepant optical ( m8 : ) and near - infrared ( l1 ) spectral types , is an as - yet unresolved stellar / brown dwarf binary with late - type m dwarf and t dwarf components . this conclusion is based on low - resolution , near - infrared spectrosc... |
1701.04490 | r | we implement all algorithms and perform all calculations using the open - source plane - wave density - functional theory software , jdftx.@xcite all calculations in this work employ the pbe@xcite exchange - correlation functional with gbrv ultrasoft pseudopotentials@xcite at a kinetic energy cutoff of 20 hartrees for... | both methods substantially improve performance compared to a sequence of conventional fixed - number calculations targeting the desired potential , with the gc - auxh method additionally exhibiting reliable and smooth exponential convergence of the grand free energy . enables theoretical elucidation of reaction mechani... | first - principles calculations combining density - functional theory and continuum solvation models enable realistic theoretical modeling and design of electrochemical systems . when a reaction proceeds in such systems , the number of electrons in the portion of the system treated quantum mechanically changes continuo... |
1701.04490 | c | this work introduces algorithms for directly converging dft calculations in the grand - canonical ensemble of electrons , where the number of electrons adjusts to maintain the system at constant electron chemical potential , while ionic response in a continuum solvation model of electrolyte keeps the system neutral . w... | when a reaction proceeds in such systems , the number of electrons in the portion of the system treated quantum mechanically changes continuously , with a balancing charge appearing in the continuum electrolyte . a grand - canonical ensemble of electrons at a chemical potential set by the electrode potential is therefo... | first - principles calculations combining density - functional theory and continuum solvation models enable realistic theoretical modeling and design of electrochemical systems . when a reaction proceeds in such systems , the number of electrons in the portion of the system treated quantum mechanically changes continuo... |
1606.09532 | i | let @xmath6 be an odd prime , and @xmath5 be an algebraically closed field of characteristic @xmath6 . for @xmath7 an integer , we consider the symplectic group @xmath4 , thought of as an algebraic group of rank @xmath8 . it is well - known that the classification ( due to chevalley ) of rational simple @xmath4-modules... | for a prime , and an integer , we use topological quantum field theory ( tqft ) to study a family of highest weight modules for the symplectic group where is an algebraically closed field of characteristic . this permits explicit formulae for the dimension and the formal character of for these highest weights . | for a prime , and an integer , we use topological quantum field theory ( tqft ) to study a family of highest weight modules for the symplectic group where is an algebraically closed field of characteristic . this permits explicit formulae for the dimension and the formal character of for these highest weights . |
1211.5426 | i | the famous lacunary fourier series @xmath13 was proposed by riemann in the 1850 s as an example of continuous but nowhere differentiable function . since then , this series has drawn much attention from many mathematicians ( amongst them , hardy and littlewood ) , and its complete local study was finally achieved by ge... | for any $ ] , the series converges almost everywhere on $ ] by a result of hardy - littlewood concerning the growth of the sums , but not everywhere . however , there does not yet exist an intrinsic description of the set of convergence for . in this paper , we define in terms of even continued fractions a subset of po... | for any $ ] , the series converges almost everywhere on $ ] by a result of hardy - littlewood concerning the growth of the sums , but not everywhere . however , there does not yet exist an intrinsic description of the set of convergence for . in this paper , we define in terms of even continued fractions a subset of po... |
0802.1352 | i | stable commutator length is a numerical invariant of elements in the commutator subgroup of a group . it is intimately related to ( two - dimensional ) bounded cohomology , and appears in many areas of low - dimensional topology and dynamics , from the milnor - wood inequality , to the @xmath2 conjecture . however , al... | for any group , there is a natural ( pseudo-)norm on the vector space of real homogenized ( group )-boundaries , called the _ stable commutator length _ norm . this norm is closely related to , and can be thought of as a relative version of , the gromov ( pseudo)-norm on ( ordinary ) homology . we show that for a free ... | for any group , there is a natural ( pseudo-)norm on the vector space of real homogenized ( group )-boundaries , called the _ stable commutator length _ norm . this norm is closely related to , and can be thought of as a relative version of , the gromov ( pseudo)-norm on ( ordinary ) homology . we show that for a free ... |
0909.0286 | i | particle - based numerical methods are routinely used in plasma physics calculations @xcite . in many cases these methods are more efficient and simpler to implement than the corresponding continuum eulerian methods . however , particle methods face the well known statistical sampling limitation of attempting to simula... | the method , known as wavelet based density estimation ( wbde ) , was previously introduced in the statistical literature to estimate probability densities given a finite number of independent measurements . the method is compared with a recently proposed proper orthogonal decomposition based method , and it is tested ... | for given computational resources , the accuracy of plasma simulations using particles is mainly held back by the noise due to limited statistical sampling in the reconstruction of the particle distribution function . a method based on wavelet analysis is proposed and tested to reduce this noise . the method , known as... |
0909.0286 | m | this section presents the wavelet - based density estimation ( wbde ) algorithm . we start by reviewing basic ideas on kernel density estimation ( kde ) which is closely related to the use of finite size particles ( fsp ) in pic simulations . following this , we we give a brief introduction to wavelet analysis and disc... | its novel application to plasma simulations can be viewed as a natural extension of the finite size particles ( fsp ) approach , with the advantage of estimating more accurately distribution functions that have localized sharp features . most importantly , the computational cost of the denoising stage is of the same or... | for given computational resources , the accuracy of plasma simulations using particles is mainly held back by the noise due to limited statistical sampling in the reconstruction of the particle distribution function . a method based on wavelet analysis is proposed and tested to reduce this noise . the method , known as... |
0909.0286 | i | wavelet based density estimation was investigated as a post - processing tool to reduce the noise in the reconstruction of particle distribution functions starting from discrete particle data . this is a problem of direct relevance to particle - based transport calculations in plasma physics and related fields . in par... | the proposed method preserves the moments of the particle distribution function to a good level of accuracy , has no constraints on the dimensionality of the system , does not require an a priori selection of a global smoothing scale , and its able to adapt locally to the smoothness of the density based on the given di... | for given computational resources , the accuracy of plasma simulations using particles is mainly held back by the noise due to limited statistical sampling in the reconstruction of the particle distribution function . a method based on wavelet analysis is proposed and tested to reduce this noise . the method , known as... |
1602.07406 | c | this work has presented a theoretical framework of stochastic weak passivity serving for stabilizing the stochastic differential systems with nonvanishing noise . the main contributions include : i ) deriving the necessary conditions to say a stochastic system stochastically passive or the sufficient conditions that a ... | the stochastic asymptotic weak stability is proposed in this paper which suggests the transition measure of the state to be convergent and the ergodicity . by defining stochastic weak passivity that admits stochastic passivity only outside a ball centered around the desired state but not in the whole state space , we d... | for stochastic systems with nonvanishing noise , i.e. , at the desired state the noise port does not vanish , it is impossible to achieve the global stability of the desired state in the sense of probability . this bad property also leads to the loss of stochastic passivity at the desired state if a radially unbounded ... |
1302.4692 | i | let @xmath0 be a closed ( i.e. compact , without boundary ) manifold of dimension two , different from the 2-sphere , equipped with an orientation 2-form @xmath3 . if @xmath4 and @xmath5 are two @xmath6 closed curves on @xmath0 which intersect transversally , we call algebraic intersection of @xmath7 and @xmath5 the nu... | given a closed , oriented surface , the algebraic intersection of closed curves induces a symplectic form on the first homology group of . if is equipped with a riemannian metric , the first homology group of inherits a norm , called the stable norm . we study the norm of the bilinear form , with respect to the stable ... | given a closed , oriented surface , the algebraic intersection of closed curves induces a symplectic form on the first homology group of . if is equipped with a riemannian metric , the first homology group of inherits a norm , called the stable norm . we study the norm of the bilinear form , with respect to the stable ... |
1303.5180 | i | in this note we study the problem concerning the optimality of the aew in the regression model with random design . to formulate the problem , we need to introduce several definitions . let @xmath7 and @xmath8 be two measure spaces , and set @xmath9 and @xmath10 to be @xmath11 i.i.d . random variables with values in @x... | given a finite class of functions , the problem of aggregation is to construct a procedure with a risk as close as possible to the risk of the best element in the class . a classical procedure ( pac - bayesian statistical learning theory ( 2004 ) paris 6 , _ statistical learning theory and stochastic optimization _ ( 2... | given a finite class of functions , the problem of aggregation is to construct a procedure with a risk as close as possible to the risk of the best element in the class . a classical procedure ( pac - bayesian statistical learning theory ( 2004 ) paris 6 , _ statistical learning theory and stochastic optimization _ ( 2... |
math0010271 | i | in this work we continue the investigation begun in @xcite of the spectral relationships within an @xmath0-tuple of self adjoint operators in a finite von neumann algebra as reflected in the geometry of the corresponding spectral scale . let us begin by introducing some notation and reviewing some of the results in @x... | given an-tuple of self - adjoint operators in a finite von neumann algebra and a faithful , normal tracial state on , we define a map from to by . the image of the positive part of the unit ball under is called the * spectral scale * of relative to and is denoted by . in a previous paper with nik weaver we showed that ... | given an-tuple of self - adjoint operators in a finite von neumann algebra and a faithful , normal tracial state on , we define a map from to by . the image of the positive part of the unit ball under is called the * spectral scale * of relative to and is denoted by . in a previous paper with nik weaver we showed that ... |
astro-ph9901242 | i | in this work , we have addressed two essential features of the x - ray temperatures derived by davis & white ( 1996 ) for an optically complete sample of elliptical galaxies : ( 1 ) the x - ray emitting gas is always hotter than the stars and , typically , twice as hot ( @xmath298 ) ; ( 2 ) the gas / stellar temperatur... | given the recently deduced relationship between x - ray temperatures and stellar velocity dispersions ( the `` relation '' ) in an optically complete sample of elliptical galaxies ( ) , we demonstrate that ellipticals contain substantial amounts of dark matter _ in general_. we present constraints on the dark matter sc... | given the recently deduced relationship between x - ray temperatures and stellar velocity dispersions ( the `` relation '' ) in an optically complete sample of elliptical galaxies ( ) , we demonstrate that ellipticals contain substantial amounts of dark matter _ in general_. we present constraints on the dark matter sc... |
1101.5641 | i | graph pebbling is like a number of network models , including network flow , transportation , and supply chain , in that one must move some commodity from a set of sources to a set of sinks optimally according to certain constraints . network flow constraints restrict flow along edges and conserve flow through vertices... | graph pebbling is a network model for studying whether or not a given supply of discrete pebbles can satisfy a given demand via pebbling moves . a pebbling move across an edge of a graph takes two pebbles from one endpoint and places one pebble at the other endpoint ; the other pebble is lost in transit as a toll . it ... | graph pebbling is a network model for studying whether or not a given supply of discrete pebbles can satisfy a given demand via pebbling moves . a pebbling move across an edge of a graph takes two pebbles from one endpoint and places one pebble at the other endpoint ; the other pebble is lost in transit as a toll . it ... |
1310.2871 | i | it has long been understood that , in general relativity gravitational phenomena are the physical manifestation of spacetime curvature . nevertheless , gravitational wave detectors , which make physical measurements , are typically described as responding to spacetime metric perturbations , which are coordinate gauge d... | gravitational wave detectors are typically described as responding to gravitational wave metric perturbations , which are gauge - dependent and correspondingly unphysical quantities . the description of gravitational waves , and a gravitational wave detector s response , to the unphysical metric perturbation has lead... | gravitational wave detectors are typically described as responding to gravitational wave metric perturbations , which are gauge - dependent and correspondingly unphysical quantities . this is particularly true for ground - based interferometric detectors , like ligo , space - based detectors , like lisa and its deriv... |
1310.2871 | c | most modern gravitational wave detectors including laser interferometers , pulsar timing arrays , spacecraft doppler tracking rely upon the waves effect on light travel time to detect the wave s presence . the response of these detectors is conventionally expressed in terms of a metric perturbation description of the... | this is particularly true for ground - based interferometric detectors , like ligo , space - based detectors , like lisa and its derivatives , spacecraft doppler tracking detectors , and pulsar timing arrays detectors . the description presented here provides an unambiguous physical description of what a gravitational ... | gravitational wave detectors are typically described as responding to gravitational wave metric perturbations , which are gauge - dependent and correspondingly unphysical quantities . this is particularly true for ground - based interferometric detectors , like ligo , space - based detectors , like lisa and its deriv... |
1205.1486 | c | the simulations of sec . [ sec_results ] demonstrate that two dominant factors control the characteristic stress scale of the stress - strain curve . these are the choice of @xmath11 and the mobile dislocation density . figs . [ different_tau_fig ] and [ different_rho_fig ] demonstrate that @xmath11 sets an upper str... | here we present a model to study the micro - plastic regime of a stress - strain curve . in this model these model parameters , along with the mobile dislocation density , are found to admit a diversity of micro - plastic behaviour involving intermittent plasticity in the form of a scale - free avalanche phenomenon , w... | here we present a model to study the micro - plastic regime of a stress - strain curve . in this model an explicit dislocation population represents the mobile dislocation content and an internal shear - stress field represents a mean - field description of the immobile dislocation content . the mobile dislocations are... |
1205.1486 | c | a simplified two dimensional dislocation modelling framework has been introduced in which the explicit interacting dislocation population , constrained to a simple dipolar mat geometry , represents only the mobile dislocation density component of the total dislocation density , and the much larger immobile dislocation ... | an explicit dislocation population represents the mobile dislocation content and an internal shear - stress field represents a mean - field description of the immobile dislocation content . the mobile dislocations are constrained to a simple dipolar mat geometry and modelled via a dislocation dynamics algorithm , whils... | here we present a model to study the micro - plastic regime of a stress - strain curve . in this model an explicit dislocation population represents the mobile dislocation content and an internal shear - stress field represents a mean - field description of the immobile dislocation content . the mobile dislocations are... |
1510.03697 | c | in this paper , we have recognized a supersymmetry in the structure of hamiltonians that energetically impose local constraints on their ground states . this allowed us to formally connect recent development in the theory of phonons to a wider range of systems including frustrated and unfrustrated magnets . the connect... | it is natural to wonder if this striking effect is more general and they conclude their study with `` finally , it will be interesting to explore connections with theories of frustrated magnetism . '' this paper s goal is to make this connection and use it to generalize kl theory beyond phonons . | i generalize the theory of phonon topological band structures of isostatic lattices to frustrated antiferromagnets . i achieve this with a discovery of a many - body supersymmetry ( susy ) in the phonon problem of balls and springs and its connection to local constraints satisfied by ground states . the witten index of... |
astro-ph0007328 | i | i investigated the use of pearson s chi - square statistic [ eq . ( [ eq : x2p ] ) ] , the maximum likelihood ratio statistic for poisson distributions [ eq . ( [ eq : x2l ] ) ] , and the chi - square - gamma statistic [ eq . ( [ eq : x2 g ] ) ] for the determination of the goodness - of - fit between theoretical mod... | i investigate the use of pearson s chi - square statistic , the maximum likelihood ratio statistic for poisson distributions , and the chi - square - gamma statistic ( mighell 1999 , apj , 518 , 380 ) for the determination of the goodness - of - fit between theoretical models and low - count poisson - distributed data ... | i investigate the use of pearson s chi - square statistic , the maximum likelihood ratio statistic for poisson distributions , and the chi - square - gamma statistic ( mighell 1999 , apj , 518 , 380 ) for the determination of the goodness - of - fit between theoretical models and low - count poisson - distributed data ... |
0802.1113 | i | in 1998 , blaze , bleumer and strauss @xcite proposed a cryptographic primitive where a semi - trusted proxy is given some information that allows turning s signature on a message into bob s signature on the same message . these _ proxy re - signatures _ ( prs ) not to be confused with proxy signatures @xcite require... | in 1998 , blaze , bleumer , and strauss suggested a cryptographic primitive named _ proxy re - signatures _ where a proxy turns a signature computed under alice s secret key into one from bob on the same message . the semi - trusted proxy does not learn either party s signing key and can not sign arbitrary messages on ... | in 1998 , blaze , bleumer , and strauss suggested a cryptographic primitive named _ proxy re - signatures _ where a proxy turns a signature computed under alice s secret key into one from bob on the same message . the semi - trusted proxy does not learn either party s signing key and can not sign arbitrary messages on ... |
cond-mat0302503 | i | the presence in a solid of randomly - distributed imperfections causes its electrons to propagate diffusively rather than ballistically . as a result , when two electrons interact , they tarry in each other s vicinity , and become more strongly correlated @xcite . as shown by finkelstein @xcite and castellani , _ et al... | in a dirty metal , electron - electron interactions in the spin - triplet channel lead to singular corrections to a variety of physical quantities . we show that these singularities herald the emergence of ferromagnetism . we calculate the effective action for the magnetic moment of weakly - interacting electrons in a ... | in a dirty metal , electron - electron interactions in the spin - triplet channel lead to singular corrections to a variety of physical quantities . we show that these singularities herald the emergence of ferromagnetism . we calculate the effective action for the magnetic moment of weakly - interacting electrons in a ... |
0803.0720 | i | throughout @xmath0 is a field . in @xcite iyama and yoshino consider the following two settings . [ ref-1.1 - 0 ] let @xmath1 $ ] and let @xmath2 be the cyclic group of three elements . consider the action of @xmath3 on @xmath4 via @xmath5 where @xmath6 , @xmath7 . put @xmath8 . [ ref-1.2 - 1 ] let @xmath9 $ ] and let ... | in a recent paper iyama and yoshino consider two interesting examples of isolated singularities over which it is possible to classify the indecomposable maximal cohen - macaulay modules in terms of linear algebra data . in this paper we present two new approaches to these examples . in the first approach we give a rela... | in a recent paper iyama and yoshino consider two interesting examples of isolated singularities over which it is possible to classify the indecomposable maximal cohen - macaulay modules in terms of linear algebra data . in this paper we present two new approaches to these examples . in the first approach we give a rela... |
1209.3994 | i | in the yang - mills theory @xcite and quantum chromodynamics ( qcd ) for strong interactions , both the renormalizability and the physical unitarity are satisfied , as demonstrated first in @xcite . moreover , it is also known that the massive yang - mills theory satisfies both the renormalizability and the physical un... | in a series of papers , we examine the physical unitarity in a massive yang - mills theory without the higgs field in which the color gauge symmetry is not spontaneously broken and kept intact . for this purpose , we use a new framework proposed in the previous paper kondo [ arxiv:1208.3521 ] based on a nonperturbative... | in a series of papers , we examine the physical unitarity in a massive yang - mills theory without the higgs field in which the color gauge symmetry is not spontaneously broken and kept intact . for this purpose , we use a new framework proposed in the previous paper kondo [ arxiv:1208.3521 ] based on a nonperturbative... |
astro-ph0409605 | c | a significant hindrance to a wider acceptance of the primordial scenarios for gc origin is an apparent absence of dm in galactic gcs . many observational facts have been suggested to be evidence for gcs having no dm , including the presence of such features in the outer parts of the gc density profiles as apparent tida... | we study the initial relaxation of a stellar core inside a live dark matter minihalo in the early universe . our dark - matter dominated globular clusters show features which are usually attributed to the action of the tidal field of the host galaxy . among them are the presence of an apparent cutoff ( `` tidal radius ... | in a series of two papers , we test the primordial scenario of globular cluster formation using results of high - resolutions-body simulations . in this first paper we study the initial relaxation of a stellar core inside a live dark matter minihalo in the early universe . our dark - matter dominated globular clusters ... |
1504.02799 | i | at the conclusion of an all - pay auction , all bidders must pay the bids they submitted , with only the highest bidder receiving the item . with this idea in mind , one can play a variant of a two - player game using an all - pay auction to decide who moves next instead of simply alternating between players . for exam... | in an all - pay auction , only one bidder wins but all bidders must pay the auctioneer . all - pay bidding games arise from attaching a similar bidding structure to traditional combinatorial games to determine which player moves next . in contrast to the established theory of single - pay bidding games , optimal play i... | in an all - pay auction , only one bidder wins but all bidders must pay the auctioneer . all - pay bidding games arise from attaching a similar bidding structure to traditional combinatorial games to determine which player moves next . in contrast to the established theory of single - pay bidding games , optimal play i... |
1212.6318 | c | the c and o abundances of main - sequence stars in the hyades cluster are not yet well established despite their astrophysical importance , for which a number of previous studies reported different results . also , the abundances of li ( key element for investigating the physical process in the envelope ) and fe ( repr... | in an attempt to carry out a systematic study on the behavior of the photospheric abundances of li , c , and o ( along with fe ) for hyades main - sequence stars in the range of 50007000 k , we conducted an extensive spectrum - synthesis analysis applied to four spectral regions ( comprising lines of fe - group eleme... | in an attempt to carry out a systematic study on the behavior of the photospheric abundances of li , c , and o ( along with fe ) for hyades main - sequence stars in the range of 50007000 k , we conducted an extensive spectrum - synthesis analysis applied to four spectral regions ( comprising lines of fe - group eleme... |
cond-mat0204264 | i | recently , many studies have been devoted to fractal structures induced by the chaotic dynamics in the phase - space of non - equilibrium statistical systems and , in particular , to the fractal character of the hydrodynamic modes governing the exponential relaxation of the system to the thermodynamic equilibrium @xcit... | in chaotic reaction - diffusion systems with two degrees of freedom , the modes governing the exponential relaxation to the thermodynamic equilibrium present a fractal structure which can be characterized by a hausdorff dimension . for long wavelength modes , this dimension is related to the lyapunov exponent and to a ... | in chaotic reaction - diffusion systems with two degrees of freedom , the modes governing the exponential relaxation to the thermodynamic equilibrium present a fractal structure which can be characterized by a hausdorff dimension . for long wavelength modes , this dimension is related to the lyapunov exponent and to a ... |
1008.3567 | i | there is growing interest in systems composed of individual monomers that interact via resonant dipole - dipole interaction . upon electronic excitation this transition dipole - dipole interaction between the monomers is responsible for a collective behaviour of these systems . besides the classical examples like van -... | in many molecular systems one encounters the situation where electronic excitations couple to a quasi - continuum of phonon modes . that continuum may be highly structured e.g. due to some weakly damped high frequency modes . to handle such a situation , an approach combining the non - markovian quantum state diffusio... | in many molecular systems one encounters the situation where electronic excitations couple to a quasi - continuum of phonon modes . that continuum may be highly structured e.g. due to some weakly damped high frequency modes . to handle such a situation , an approach combining the non - markovian quantum state diffusio... |
1505.04256 | i | radio relics are diffuse radio sources found in the outskirts of galaxy clusters and they are thought to trace synchrotron - emitting cosmic - ray ( cr ) electrons accelerated via diffusive shock acceleration ( dsa ) at cluster shocks ( e.g. * ? ? ? * ; * ? ? ? * ; * ? ? ? * ; * ? ? ? so far several dozens of clusters ... | in order to understand certain observed features of arc - like giant radio relics such as the rareness , uniform surface brightness , and curved integrated spectra , we explore a diffusive shock acceleration ( dsa ) model for radio relics in which a spherical shock impinges on a magnetized cloud containing fossil relat... | in order to understand certain observed features of arc - like giant radio relics such as the rareness , uniform surface brightness , and curved integrated spectra , we explore a diffusive shock acceleration ( dsa ) model for radio relics in which a spherical shock impinges on a magnetized cloud containing fossil relat... |
1505.04256 | i | we propose a model that may explain some characteristics of giant radio relics : the relative rareness , uniform surface brightness along the length of thin arc - like radio structure , and spectral curvature in the integrated radio spectrum over @xmath336 ghz . in the model , a spherical shock encounters an elongated ... | we perform dsa simulations of spherical shocks with the parameters relevant for the sausage radio relic in cluster ciza j2242.8 + 5301 , and calculate the ensuing radio synchrotron emission from re - accelerated electrons . three types of fossil electron populations are considered : a delta - function like population w... | in order to understand certain observed features of arc - like giant radio relics such as the rareness , uniform surface brightness , and curved integrated spectra , we explore a diffusive shock acceleration ( dsa ) model for radio relics in which a spherical shock impinges on a magnetized cloud containing fossil relat... |
cond-mat0207571 | i | since the discovery of the high - temperature superconductors in 1986 , there has been intense study of a number of two - dimensional models that are believed to model the electronic properties of the cuo@xmath2 plane of the cuprate superconductors , for example , the hubbard model , the @xmath3 model , and the heisenb... | this is the simplest model of correlated electrons and is more tractable for exact diagonalization than the hubbard model . we study systematically the dilute limit of this model by a combination of analytical and several numerical approaches : the two - particle problem using lattice green functions and the t - matrix... | in our model , spinless fermions ( or hardcore bosons ) on a square lattice hop to nearest neighbor sites , and also experience a hard - core repulsion at the nearest neighbor separation . this is the simplest model of correlated electrons and is more tractable for exact diagonalization than the hubbard model . we stud... |
1407.7480 | i | there are many problems in computational physics that involve solving partial differential equations ( pdes ) in complex geometries . examples include fluid flows in complicated systems , vein networks in plant leaves , and tumours in human bodies . standard solution methods for pdes in complex domains typically involv... | in recent work , li et al . ( comm . math . sci . , 7:81 - 107 , 2009 ) developed a diffuse - domain method ( ddm ) for solving partial differential equations in complex , dynamic geometries with dirichlet , neumann , and robin boundary conditions . the diffuse - domain method uses an implicit representation of the ... | in recent work , li et al . ( comm . math . sci . , 7:81 - 107 , 2009 ) developed a diffuse - domain method ( ddm ) for solving partial differential equations in complex , dynamic geometries with dirichlet , neumann , and robin boundary conditions . the diffuse - domain method uses an implicit representation of the ... |
astro-ph0405146 | i | the error boxes of unidentified gamma - ray sources are usually large , and thus the task of finding appropriate candidate counterparts at other wavelengths has not been easy . about 20 bright point - like gamma - ray sources were found near the galactic plane using cos - b ( swanenburg et al . 1981 ) some of which may... | we also report on reanalysis of archival rosat data . with _ chandra _ it became possible for the first time to measure the position of the putative gamma - ray counterpart rx j2020.2 + 4026 with sub - arcsec accuracy and to deduce its x - ray spectral characteristics . these observations demonstrate that rx j2020.2 +... | in search of the counterpart to the brightest unidentified gamma - ray source 3eg j2020 + 4017 ( 2cg078 + 2 ) we report on new x - ray and radio observations of the-cygni field with the _ chandra _ x - ray observatory and with the green bank telescope ( gbt ) . we also report on reanalysis of archival rosat data . with... |
astro-ph0405146 | c | we have searched a portion of the @xmath0-cygni field for possible x - ray counterparts to the intriguing gamma - ray source 3eg j2020 + 4017 ( 2cg078 + 2 ) using _ chandra _ and rosat . we have shown that a previous candidate , rx j2020.2 + 4026 , is almost certainly not the gamma - ray source but identified with a no... | in search of the counterpart to the brightest unidentified gamma - ray source 3eg j2020 + 4017 ( 2cg078 + 2 ) we report on new x - ray and radio observations of the-cygni field with the _ chandra _ x - ray observatory and with the green bank telescope ( gbt ) . observation detected 37 additional x - ray sources which w... | in search of the counterpart to the brightest unidentified gamma - ray source 3eg j2020 + 4017 ( 2cg078 + 2 ) we report on new x - ray and radio observations of the-cygni field with the _ chandra _ x - ray observatory and with the green bank telescope ( gbt ) . we also report on reanalysis of archival rosat data . with... |
1205.2059 | c | correlations between different parts of the genome are usually referred to as linkage disequilibrium , suggesting that due to genetic linkage , i.e. , a high probability of coinheritance , the allele frequencies at different loci are not independent . here , we have used a different measure to characterize correlations... | in sexual population , recombination reshuffles genetic variation and produces novel combinations of existing alleles , while selection amplifies the fittest genotypes in the population . if recombination is more rapid than selection , populations consist of a diverse mixture of many genotypes , as is observed in many ... | in sexual population , recombination reshuffles genetic variation and produces novel combinations of existing alleles , while selection amplifies the fittest genotypes in the population . if recombination is more rapid than selection , populations consist of a diverse mixture of many genotypes , as is observed in many ... |
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