id stringlengths 24 24 | type stringclasses 4
values | body stringlengths 13 215 | ideal_answer listlengths 1 12 | exact_answer listlengths 0 44 | snippets listlengths 0 121 | documents listlengths 1 157 | triples listlengths 0 537 | concepts listlengths 0 99 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
56f6a63d09dd18d46b00000c | yesno | Are cyclophilins proteins that bind to prolines? | [
"Cyclophilins are ubiquitously expressed proteins that bind to prolines."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Cyclophilins are ubiquitously expressed proteins that bind to prolines and can catalyse cis/trans isomerization of proline residues.",
"a characteristic of the cyclophilin family of proteins that bind prolines and often act as cis-trans peptidyl-prolyl isomerases. ",
"The cyclophilins are widely expressed enzy... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24831536",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12358793",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25967372",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18823995"
] | [] | [] |
5549f7a1f35db7552600000d | yesno | Can a given genotype exhibit opposite fitness effects (beneficial and detrimental) within the same environment? | [
"A given genotype can be either beneficial or detrimental, even deleterious, depending on the environment in which an organism lives. This is known as antagonistic pleiotropy. Antagonistic pleiotropy can operate even within the same environment. For example, in Escherichia coli, certain mutations can exhibit benefi... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Mutations beneficial in one environment may cause costs in different environments, resulting in antagonistic pleiotropy. Here, we describe a novel form of antagonistic pleiotropy that operates even within the same environment, where benefits and deleterious effects exhibit themselves at different growth rates.",
... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23169561",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15454545",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19226414"
] | [] | [] |
54f5f8925f206a0c06000003 | yesno | Has the protein SETMAR (Metnase) a transposase domain? | [
"Yes, the protein SETMAR (Metnase) has a transposase domain."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Metnase (SETMAR) is a SET-transposase fusion protein that promotes nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) repair in humans.",
"The transposase domain protein Metnase/SETMAR suppresses chromosomal translocations.",
" Metnase (also termed SETMAR) is a fusion of a histone methylase and transposase protein that arose sp... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18790802",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22231448",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20620605",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20309721",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17877369",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21491884",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0004803",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/SETMR_HUMAN",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D019895",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/SETMR_RAT",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TRAT_CHEHE",
"ht... |
5175b97a8ed59a060a00002f | yesno | Is alternative splicing of apoptotic genes playing a role in the response to DNA or mitochondrial damage? | [
"Yes, alternative splicing seem to play a key role in the response to DNA or mitocondrial damage as suggested by the number of apoptotic genes that are alternatively spliced, with often antagonistic roles of the isoforms generated."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Apoptosis promoted by UV in cells lacking p53 is prevented when the change in AS of the apoptotic gene bcl-x is reverted, confirming the relevance of this mechanism.",
"We demonstrate that E2F1 requires SC35 to switch the alternative splicing profile of various apoptotic genes such as c-flip, caspases-8 and -9 a... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19450518",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18806759",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9010037",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17692132",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19690168",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21483803",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004249",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D017398"
] |
5309f8f5970c65fa6b000001 | list | Which oncogenes are able to induce cellular senescence? | [
"Cellular senescence can be induced through activation or inactivation of a number of oncogenes, such as Ras, c-Abl, Raf, Myc, Skp2, BRAF, AKT, HDAC2, p38 MAPK, Caveolin-1 and Mek1."
] | [
"Ras",
"c-Abl",
"Raf",
"Myc",
"Skp2",
"BRAF",
"AKT",
"HDAC2",
"p38 MAPK",
"Caveolin-1",
"Mek1"
] | [
"ROS-generating oxidases Nox1 and Nox4 contribute to oncogenic Ras-induced premature senescence",
"Activated oncogenes induce premature cellular senescence, a permanent state of proliferative arrest in primary rodent and human fibroblasts. Recent studies suggest that generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23216904",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19053174",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20010815",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17409421",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17634581",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11971980",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016922",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:2000773",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:2000772",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:... |
56c23652ef6e39474100005a | summary | What is HbVar? | [
"HbVar (http://globin.cse.psu.edu) is a relational database of hemoglobin variants and thalassemia mutations. Extensive information is recorded for each variant and mutation, including a description of the variant and associated pathology, hematology, electrophoretic mobility, methods of isolation, stability inform... | [] | [
"HbVar: A relational database of human hemoglobin variants and thalassemia mutations at the globin gene server.",
"We have constructed a relational database of hemoglobin variants and thalassemia mutations, called HbVar, which can be accessed on the web at http://globin.cse.psu.edu. Extensive information is recor... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17221864",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14681476",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21932936",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11857738",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24137000"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D017085",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:10241",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D017086",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+E... |
52f89fba2059c6d71c00004f | summary | Can DMSO as an additive improve proteomic analysis results? | [
"Quantitative precisions improved significantly when DMSO (dimethylsulfoxide) was added to the matrix solution.\nIntroducing to the 80% formic acid injection solution an organic solvent such as acetonitrile or acetonitrile-DMSO induced further retention selectivity, and increasing levels of organic solvents reduced... | [] | [
"Introducing to the 80% formic acid injection solution an organic solvent such as acetonitrile or acetonitrile-DMSO induced further retention selectivity, and increasing levels of organic solvents reduced on-column retention.",
"We report that low percentages of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) in liquid chromatography s... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18393531",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18926777",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23975139"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020543",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D040901",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004121",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/joche... |
517901bc8ed59a060a00003b | factoid | The antibodies MK-3475 and CT-011 have shown promising results in treating malignancies. Which protein are they targeting? | [
"Modulation of the immune system by targeting coinhibitory and costimulatory receptors has become a promising new approach of immunotherapy for cancer. OBJECTIVE: CT-011 is a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody that modulates the immune response through interaction with PD-1, a protein belonging to the B7 receptor f... | [
"PD-1"
] | [
"we find that using an anti-PD-1 antibody (CT-011)",
"PD-1 blockade by CT-011, anti-PD-1 antibody,",
". Presence of CT-011, an anti-PD1 antibody,",
"CT-011, a novel monoclonal anti-PD-1 antibody",
"CT-011, a humanized antibody interacting with PD-1,",
"Anti-PD1 (nivolumab and MK-3475)",
"anti-PD-1 antib... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23460532",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20460501",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21577144",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23263823",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21710477",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18483370"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000918",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:1909",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008545",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:4159",
"http://... |
5517f9286487737b43000002 | list | Which are the different proteins/isoforms encoded but the ASPH (aspartate beta-hydroxylase) gene in humans? | [
"Alternative splicing of the locus AbetaH-J-J (asparetyl-beta-hydroxylase) generates three functionally distinct proteins: an enzyme, AbetaH (aspartyl-beta-hydroxylase), a structural protein of the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane (junctin), and an integral membrane calcium binding protein (junctate). Aspartyl (aspa... | [
"Aspartyl-beta-hydroxylase",
"Aspartyl (asparaginyl)-beta-hydroxylase",
"AbetaH",
"AAH",
"BAH",
"humbug",
"junctate",
"junctin",
"junctin isoform"
] | [
"The single genomic locus, AbetaH-J-J, encodes three functionally distinct proteins aspartyl beta-hydroxylase, junctin and junctate by alternative splicing.",
"The human AbetaH-J-J locus is a genomic sequence which generates three functionally distinct proteins, the enzyme aspartyl-beta-hydroxylase (AbetaH), the ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17706594",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17341613",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11007777",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10974562",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17156427",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10956665",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ASPH_BOVIN"
] |
56d1d94667f0cb3d66000005 | list | List processes which are under the control of the YAP protein. | [
"Yes-associated protein (YAP), a transcription coactivator, is the major downstream effector of the Hippo pathway, which plays a critical role in organ size control, cell poliferation and cancer development and tissue homeostasis and differentiation."
] | [
"cell proliferation",
"organ size control",
"cancer development",
"tissue homeostasis",
"cell differentiation"
] | [
"in which YAP appears to regulate cell proliferation ",
"YAP and TAZ oncoproteins confer malignancy and drug resistance to various cancer types. ",
"Yes-associated protein (YAP), a transcription coactivator, is the major downstream effector of the Hippo pathway, which plays a critical role in organ size control... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26109050",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25719868",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26039999",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26125451",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26109051",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26366214",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
54e0e902ae9738404b000001 | factoid | What family do mDia proteins belong in? | [
"mDia proteins are members of the formin family."
] | [
"mDia proteins are members of the formin family"
] | [
"mDia proteins are members of the formin family of actin nucleating proteins that polymerize linear actin filaments.",
"mDia1, a linear actin nucleator of the Formin family",
"the mammalian Diaphanous members of the formin family of proteins (mDia) are two key players in the formation of filopodia and neurites.... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18230650",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24333164",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24025634",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16487696",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23721065",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24563699",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
532ff558d6d3ac6a34000037 | yesno | Is nucleosome eviction ATP-dependent? | [
"Yes, nucleosome eviction and chromatin remodelling depends on ATP"
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling and nucleosome-depleted 'barriers' co-operate to determine the kinetics of nucleosome organization",
"ATP-dependent nucleosome-remodeling factors endow chromatin with structural flexibility by promoting assembly or disruption of nucleosomes and the exchange of histone variants.... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24068556",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19933844",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17235287",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22177115",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19470761",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19029894",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0000786",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0006337",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009707",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+... |
51588c34d24251bc05000095 | yesno | Is TREM2 associated with Alzheimer's disease in humans? | [
"TREM2 variants have been found to be associated with early as well as with late onset Alzheimer's disease."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Genetic deficits and loss of function for the triggering receptor expressed in myeloid cells 2 (TREM2; encoded at chr6p21.1), a transmembrane spanning stimulatory receptor of the immunoglobulin/lectin-like gene superfamily, have been associated with deficiencies in phagocytosis and the innate immune system in Alzh... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23391427",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23462268",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23150908",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17088018",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23407992",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23380991",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/#_45325250343700D",
"o": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core/Gene"
}
] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TREM2_HUMAN",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:10652",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000544"
] |
554356d0ed966d112c000005 | factoid | Which is the most common measure of differences between dinucleotide relative abundance "genomic signatures" | [
"The concept of a genomic signature was introduced with the observation of species-type specific Dinucleotide Relative Abundance Profiles (DRAPs). The set of dinucleotide odds ratios or 'general design' is a remarkably stable property of the DNA of an organism, and can be used to discriminate between sequences from... | [
"delta-distance"
] | [
"The average absolute dinucleotide relative abundance difference, termed delta-distance, has been commonly used to measure differences in dinucleotide composition, or 'genomic signature',",
"the concept of a genomic signature was introduced with the observation of species-type specific Dinucleotide Relative Abund... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12171605",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15046306",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15716010",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9294192",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10430918",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9190805",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [] | [] |
532206819b2d7acc7e00000f | factoid | Name a method for enrichment of arginine-methylated peptides. | [
"Immunoaffinity purification using specific antibodies has been used in order to perform enrichment of methylated peptides."
] | [
"Immunoaffinity purification"
] | [
"To better study protein methylation, we have developed highly specific antibodies against monomethyl arginine; asymmetric dimethyl arginine; and monomethyl, dimethyl, and trimethyl lysine motifs. These antibodies were used to perform immunoaffinity purification of methyl peptides followed by LC-MS/MS analysis to i... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24129315"
] | [] | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4275376",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D010455",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001120",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&ter... |
5335ebb6d6d3ac6a34000054 | summary | Why do we use "N-terminal proteomics"? | [
"N-terminal proteomics allows the systematic identification of protease/peptidase cleavage events revealing substrate cleavage specificities."
] | [] | [
"ChaFRADIC is a powerful and practicable tool for protease and peptidase research,",
"systematic identification of protease cleavage events by quantitative N-terminal proteomics,",
" identifying the largest set of protein protease substrates ever reported and gaining novel insight into substrate specificity dif... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23745983",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19767749",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22065552",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18836177",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20627866",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23964590"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020543",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D040901"
] |
56d29d4df22319765a000003 | list | List omics technologies comprised in system biology. | [
"System biology combines various omics technologies such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, epigenomics, glucomics, degradomics and fluxomics."
] | [
"genomics",
"transcriptomics",
"proteomics",
"metabolomics",
"degradomics",
"fluxomics",
"epigenomics",
"glucomics"
] | [
"The increasing role of metabolomics in system biology is driving the development of tools for comprehensive analysis of high-resolution NMR spectral datasets.",
"Proteomics technology, a major component of system biology, has gained comprehensive attention in the area of medical diagnosis, drug development, and ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23294434",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23287290",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26557869",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23369275",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22221061",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23137709",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D049490"
] |
54d8fd334b1fd0d33c000005 | factoid | Rindopepimut is an analog of which growth factor? | [
"Rindopepimut is an analog of EGFRvIII. It is being tested for treatment of glioblastoma multiforme",
"Rindopepimut is a peptide vaccine which elicits EGFRvIII-specific humoral and cellular immune responses. "
] | [
"EGFRvIII"
] | [
"Rindopepimut consists of a 14-mer peptide that spans the length of EGF receptor variant III, a mutant variant of EGF receptor found on approximately 30% of primary GBM, conjugated to the carrier protein keyhole limpet hemocyanin.",
"Rindopepimut is a peptide vaccine which elicits EGFRvIII-specific humoral and ce... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25186601",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23055947",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22309662",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21154166"
] | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GRFA_CAMPM",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GRFA_RFVKA",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GRFA_RABPU",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GRFA_MYXVL",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GRFA_CAMPS"
] |
52ea605098d0239505000028 | list | Which gene mutations are responsible for isolated Non-compaction cardiomyopathy? | [
"The gene mutations that have been shown to be the causes of isolated non-compaction cardiomyopathy are alpha-tropomyosin, alpha-tropomyosin, troponin T and desmoplakin",
"cardiac β-myosin heavy chain gene (MYH7)\nc.349G>A (p.D117N) in the ZASP gene\nmutation in the isoform-1 specific region of the DSP C-terminus... | [
"alpha-tropomyosin",
"TPM1",
"β-myosin heavy chain",
"MYH7",
"troponin T",
"TNNT2",
"pE96K mutation",
"Desmoplakin",
"DSP",
"mutation in the isoform-1 specific region of the DSP C-terminus",
"mindbomb homolog 1",
"MIB1",
"c.349G>A (p.D117N) in the ZASP gene"
] | [
"A novel alpha-tropomyosin mutation associates with dilated and non-compaction cardiomyopathy",
"We show that a mutation in TPM1 is associated with DCM and a lethal, early onset form of NCCM",
"Mutation in MYH7B causes a classical LVNC phenotype",
"We report on two prenatal ultrasound diagnoses of left ventri... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21285074",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18159245",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23147248",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19438153",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14662268",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21604106",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D056830",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009202",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009154",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/a... |
52f89fc62059c6d71c000050 | factoid | From which tissue was the NCI-H520 cell-line derived? | [
"Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line NCI-H520. \nSquamous cell carcinoma cell line NCI-H520.",
"The NCI-H520 cell-line is derived from human non-small cell lung cancer tissue."
] | [
"Squamous cell carcinoma",
"Non-small cell lung cancer",
"Lung"
] | [
"The nanostructures target the cells with high affinity and specificity via the specific interaction between the aptamer (a 45-base oligonucleotide) and the cell, and distinguish A549 cells from other types of cancer cells (HeLa and MCF-7 cells) and subtypes of lung cancer cells (NCI-H157, NCI-H520, NCI-H1299, and ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20219072",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8822090",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23489803",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12702576",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14965369",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15750352",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002460",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002461",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D014024",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
5176c6d08ed59a060a000032 | yesno | Have mutations in the Polycomb group been found in human diseases? | [
"Yes, different members of the Polycomb family have been found mutated in diseases such as primary microcephaly, nonsyndromic cleft lip and several cancers (including hemotopoietic malignancies, esophageal carcinoma, head and neck cancer or prostate cancer).\n\nExact anser:\nYes"
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"We identify a novel mutation in PHC1, a human orthologue of the Drosophila polyhomeotic member of polycomb group (PcG), which significantly decreases PHC1 protein expression, increases Geminin protein level and markedly abolishes the capacity to ubiquitinate histone H2A in patient cells.",
"In clinical specimens... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22869879",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23204235",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23418308",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20506229",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18668134",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16397222",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PC_DROME",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0031519"
] |
54fc98f16ad7dcbc12000003 | summary | Describe the mechanism of action of drisapersen | [
"Drisapersen is a 2'-O-methyl-phosphorothioate oligonucleotide designed to skip exon 51 in dystrophin pre-mRNA to restore the reading frame of the mRNA. It has potential for treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy."
] | [] | [
"Drisapersen is a 2'-O-methyl-phosphorothioate oligonucleotide designed to skip exon 51 in dystrophin pre-mRNA to restore the reading frame of the mRNA. ",
"UNLABELLED: Chronic administration of drisapersen, a 2'-OMe phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotide (AON) to mice and monkeys resulted in renal tubular ac... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25209738",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24292388",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24620745",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23995279",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24321374",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24229740"
] | [] | [] |
513f4025bee46bd34c000011 | yesno | Is microRNA(miRNA) 29 involved in post-ischemic cardiac remodeling? | [
"miRNA 29 is involved in post-ischemic myocardial remodeling in particular in the peri-infarctual zone. miRNA 29 produces apoptosis and enhances fibrotic response."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced remodelling generally includes cell death (necrosis and apoptosis), myocyte hypertrophy, angiogenesis, cardiac fibrosis, and myocardial dysfunction. I",
"In addition, miR-21, -24, -133, -210, -494, and -499 appear to protect myocytes against I/R-induced apoptosis, w... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20971881",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20959496",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22038740",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20733099",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18723672"
] | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0035196",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0010586",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0010587",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020257",... |
52f350042059c6d71c000010 | factoid | What is the incidence of Edwards syndrom in the european population? | [
"Between 0.125 and 39 in every 1000 live births. Most probably 1:5000 of live-born."
] | [
"1:5000"
] | [
"dwards syndrome (trisomy 18) occurs in 1: 8000 live births and is closely related to the mother's age",
"Mean incidence was 390.06 (449.08 in boys and 327.93 in girls) per 10 000 live births",
"The incidence of Edwards syndrome is 1:5000 of live-born",
"The OR for Patau syndrome was 1.10 (95% CI 0.83 to 1.45... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19911411",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18467377",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20584846",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18067809",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18156713",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21786507",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D015994",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D014314",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:1085"
] |
56c9e9d15795f9a73e00001d | yesno | Is exonuclease Xrn1 a component of the P-bodies? | [
"In eukaryotic cells, XRN1 is often found in particles known as processing bodies (P bodies) together with other proteins involved in the 5' → 3' degradation pathway, such as DCP2 and the helicase DHH1 (Me31B). In yeast and human tissue culture cells, Xrn1 has been shown to be a component of P-bodies (processing b... | [
"yes"
] | [
"PBs are associated with mRNA decay and contain the decapping enzymes DCP1/2, the 5' to 3' exonuclease Xrn1, the Lsm proteins (1-7), and the scaffolding proteins hedls/GE-1 and GW182. Both SGs and PBs contain mRNA, eIF4E, microRNAs and argonaute proteins, and various regulators of mRNA stability and translation (TT... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19729507",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17923231",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16299471",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22383165",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20011505",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17178403",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
54f60ae05f206a0c06000008 | factoid | What is the substrate of the microbial enzyme inulinase? | [
"The inulinase acts on the beta-(2,1)-D-fructoside links in inulin releasing D-fructose."
] | [
"The inulinase acts on the beta-(2,1)-D-fructoside links in inulin releasing D-fructose."
] | [
"Inulinases mainly produced by the microorganism and it degrades inulin into fructose which is a digestible form. ",
" Inulin or inulin-rich materials can be actively hydrolyzed by microbial inulinases to produce glucose and fructose syrups that can be used in bioprocesses.",
" The catalysts treated at these co... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22622836",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22286980",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23419675",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18592410",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17659392",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18065000",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/INU2_ASPFI",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0051670",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013379",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/INU1_KLUMA"
] |
517a8cc68ed59a060a000044 | list | What is the treatment of acute myocarditis? | [
"Treatment of acute myocarditis includes antiinflammatory drugs like ibuoprofen and steroids, inotropic agents and mechanical support (intra-aortic ballon pump). TandemHeart percutaneous ventricular assist device may be used in some, more compromised, patients for few days."
] | [
"antiinflammatory steroid and non steroid drugs",
"inotropic agents",
"mechanical support"
] | [
"ibuprofen 400 mg twice a day as therapy",
"Acute fulminant myocarditis commonly manifests itself as severe, rapidly progressive hemodynamic deterioration and circulatory collapse that may be resistant to high doses of inotropic agents and steroids and to mechanical support by intra-aortic balloon pump",
"the T... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19214293",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11477833",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17574515",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17622371",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12055771",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20034334",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
5318367cb166e2b806000012 | list | List causative genes for autosomal recessive forms of monogenic Parkinson's disease | [
"Causative genes for autosomal recessive forms of monogenic Parkinson's disease are:\nPARK2\nPARK7\nPINK1\nPARK9\nPARK14\nPARK15"
] | [
"PARK2",
"PARK7",
"DJ-1",
"PINK1",
"PARK9",
"ATP13A2",
"PARK14",
"PLA2G6",
"PARK15",
"FBX07"
] | [
"Mutations in the Parkin gene (PARK2) are the major cause of autosomal recessive early-onset parkinsonism.",
"Early onset PD (EOPD) is particularly associated with autosomal recessive (AR) mutations, and three genes, PARK2, PARK7 and PINK1, have been found to carry mutations leading to AR disease. ",
"Homozygou... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24167038",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18787878",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11128611",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15525661",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16003110",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18279377",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:4",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:0050737",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0030849",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:0050739",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:1433... |
517138d98ed59a060a000003 | summary | How does ranolazine affect calcium handling in the heart | [
"Ranolazine has only a small effect on the basal calcium current, while it greatly affects whole cell calcium current when facilitated by beta-adrenoceptor or histamine receptor activation.\nRanolazine is a novel agent that inhibits the late sodium current thereby reducing cellular sodium and calcium overload.\nRan... | [] | [
"Ranolazine and lidocaine (10 μM) similarly reduced Ca2+i overload and improved left ventricle work recovery in whole-heart models of IR injury or exposure to ouabain (80 μM).",
"Ranolazine (10 μM), but not lidocaine (10 μM), reduced RM NCX1.1-mediated Ca2+i overload in ventricular myocytes.",
"Blockade of the ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21741479",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17027025",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18439620",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23247666",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17220471",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22879384",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CCAMK_ORYSJ",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CCAMK_LOTJA",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002118",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:114",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+E... |
554403395beec11c10000001 | summary | Which is the primary distinction between the Reverse Warburg effect and the conventional Warburg effect? | [
"The conventional \"Warburg effect\" reffers to the metabolic shift of cancer cells towards aerobic glycolysis, due to mitochondrial dysfunction. The \"reverse Warburg effect\" or \"parasitic\" energy-transfer, is a model of \"two-compartment tumor metabolism\". In this model, cancer cells secrete hydrogen peroxid... | [] | [
"The metabolic energy transduction pathways are strongly affected in cancers. Mitochondrial dysfunction in cancer cells (Warburg effect) or in fibroblasts associated with cancer cells (reverse Warburg effect) results in decreased or increased power of the generated electromagnetic field, respectively",
"cigarette... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19923890",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20818174",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22236875",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20495363",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22313602",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21300172",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0004129"
] |
53175e4fb166e2b806000008 | summary | What is the role of per genes in circadian rhythm control? | [
"PER1 and PER2 genes are involved in cell cycle regulation and tumor suppression, controlling expression of genes such as c-Myc, Cyclin D1, Cyclin A, Mdm-2 and Gadd45alpha."
] | [] | [
"Temporal expression of genes involved in cell cycle regulation and tumor suppression, such as c-Myc, Cyclin D1, Cyclin A, Mdm-2 and Gadd45alpha is deregulated in mPer2 mutant mice.",
"The Period (Per) genes are key circadian rhythm regulators in mammals. Expression of the mouse Per (mPer) genes have diurnal patt... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16596306",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15817328"
] | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PER1_HUMAN",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002940",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0007623",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0032922",
"http://amigo.geneo... |
56c8318f5795f9a73e00000f | yesno | Can sorafenib activate AMPK? | [
"Sorafenib induces persisten AMPK activation"
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Here, we identify sorafenib as an activator of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), in a manner that involves either upstream LKB1 or CAMKK2. ",
"Persistent activation of AMPK by sorafenib finally led to the impairment of glucose metabolism both in MCF-7 and SKBR3 cells as well as in the highly glycolytic MDA-MB... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23963659",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25080865",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25349646"
] | [] | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#:4243524",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4243524",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031588"
] |
5324a8ac9b2d7acc7e000018 | factoid | What tyrosine kinase, involved in a Philadelphia- chromosome positive chronic myelogenous leukemia, is the target of Imatinib (Gleevec)? | [
"The fusion protein BCR-ABL"
] | [
"BCR-ABL"
] | [
"CR-ABL-targeted TKI that inhibits BCR-ABL with greater potency compared with imatinib",
"reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22 [t(9;22)(q34;q11), Philadelphia chromosome] creates a BCR-ABL1 fusion protein",
"A novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), imatinib, has been confirmed as an effective t... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16757427",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22037271",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23090888",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22895079",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21279819",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23285088",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D010677",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4275840",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011505",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&ter... |
571e172bbb137a4b0c000002 | factoid | When was empagliflozin FDA approved? | [
"Empagliflozin was approved in 2014 by the European Commission and the United States Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)."
] | [
"2014"
] | [
"To review available studies of empagliflozin, a sodium glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor approved in 2014 by the European Commission and the United States Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).",
"To review available studies of empagliflozin, a sodium glucose ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25712444"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D014486",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D017277"
] |
53359338d6d3ac6a3400004f | yesno | Is Vortioxetine effective for treatment of depression? | [
"Yes, vortioxetine (Lu AA21004) is effective for treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). Vortioxetine is approved for MDD in the USA. Vortioxetine has been also shown to be effective for treatment of generalized anxiety disorder."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Vortioxetine is an orally administered small molecule developed by Lundbeck A/S for the once-daily treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Vortioxetine received its first global approval for MDD in the USA in September 2013 and regulatory approval for its use in this in... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21154150",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21486038",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24284262",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24165478",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22171087",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22495621",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:1595",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:1596",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D003866",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D003865",
"http://... |
56b330bb39c782df06000001 | factoid | Which R/bioconductor package is used for integrative genomics visualizations? | [
"Sushi.R is a flexible, quantitative and integrative genomic visualizations for publication-quality multi-panel figures using common genomic data formats including Browser Extensible Data (BED), bedGraph and Browser Extensible Data Paired-End (BEDPE). Sushi.R is open source and made publicly available through GitHu... | [
"Sushi.R"
] | [
"Sushi.R: flexible, quantitative and integrative genomic visualizations for publication-quality multi-panel figures.",
"Interpretation and communication of genomic data require flexible and quantitative tools to analyze and visualize diverse data types, and yet, a comprehensive tool to display all common genomic ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24903420"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016678",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D023281"
] |
56be06cdef6e394741000004 | list | List symptoms of congenital toxoplasmosis triad. | [
"Classic triad of toxoplasmosis include hydrocephalus, cerebral calcification and chorioretinitis."
] | [
"hydrocephalus",
"cerebral calcification",
"chorioretinitis"
] | [
"Most patients had systemic manifestations, but only 25% of diagnosed patients exhibited the classic triad of hydrocephalus, cerebral calcification and chorioretinitis.",
"The pathogenic potential of T. gondii was recognized in the 1920s and 1930s, in congenitally infected children presenting with the classic tri... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19744303",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25547178",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7193392",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2089735"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D014125",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:13336",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012816"
] |
57090c33cf1c325851000013 | factoid | How many genes are imprinted in the human genome? | [
"Among approximately 70 known imprinted genes are some causing disorders affecting growth, metabolism and cancer predisposition. ",
"Approximately 150 imprinted genes are known to date, in humans and mice but, though computational searches have tried to extract intrinsic characteristics of these genes to identify... | [
" fewer than 100"
] | [
"Among approximately 70 known imprinted genes are some causing disorders affecting growth, metabolism and cancer predisposition. ",
"By applying dsPIG to the mRNA-Seq data, we predicted 94 imprinted genes in 20 cerebellum samples and 57 imprinted genes in 9 diverse tissue samples with expected low false discovery... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22894909",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17955261",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23083219",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24501229",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11932239",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15802919",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005796",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016678",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D015894"
] |
5318b452b166e2b806000021 | yesno | Is exome sequencing efficient for the detection of germline mutations? | [
"Exome sequencing is an efficient, sensitive, rapid and relatively cheap method for detection of germline mutations."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Whole exome sequencing is an efficient and sensitive method for detection of germline mutations in patients with phaeochromcytomas and paragangliomas",
"Whole exome sequencing is sensitive, rapid and efficient for detection of PCC/PGL germline mutations.",
"These results from deep sequencing demonstrate a high... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24102379",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23341325",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23832012",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22468815"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001483",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D018095",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D059472",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
515d1ff7298dcd4e51000009 | list | Which cellular processes are regulated by Nanog? | [
"The pluripotency sustaining factor Nanog, controls a cascade of pathways that are intricately connected to govern pluripotency, self-renewal, genome surveillance and cell fate determination. Elevated expression of Nanog has also been reported to result in clonal expansion of murine ESCs, but it also plays a role i... | [
"cell proliferation",
"pluripotency",
"cell fate determination",
"G1 to S transition",
"germ cell migration",
"tumour development"
] | [
"critical for the regulation of cancer stem cells.",
"the effect of FAK and Nanog cross-regulation on cancer cell morphology, invasion, and growth that plays a significant role in carcinogenesis",
"Nanog-like regulates endoderm formation",
"In mammalian embryonic stem cells, the acquisition of pluripotency is... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19544407",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20962578",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20581802",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20578184",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22421047",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19139263",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NANOG_MOUSE",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0065007"
] |
56ed27202ac5ed145900000c | factoid | In which cells are A-type lamins expressed? | [
"In the rat brain, lamin A and C are expressed in relatively equal amounts, while the expressions of lamin B1 and B2 vary depending on the cell type. Human cells with reduced expression of the major B-type lamin protein, lamin B1, were generated using RNA interference. In addition, horizontal cells and a subpopulat... | [
"late differentiating primary cells"
] | [
"Antibodies specific for mouse A/C lamins, human A/C lamins, or B lamins have been used to define the lamin complement as a function of time in culture and of cell type. ",
"dramatic increase in lamin A/C-positive cells was observed in the first 3 days of culture with both accessory cells and macrophages expressi... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24213377",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21842415",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9363444",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9274531",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20568006",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2404771",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D034882",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D034904",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002477"
] |
5341d15dc45e133714000018 | summary | What is the definition of autophagy? | [
"There are several definitions of autophagy. Among them, autophagy can be defined as a non- apoptotic programmed cell death that consists on a catabolic trafficking pathway for bulk destruction and turnover of long-lived proteins and organelles via regulated lysosomal degradation."
] | [] | [
"autophagy, a process in which de novo formed membrane enclosed vesicles engulf and consume cellular components",
"As a general definition, autophagy encompasses a range of processes in which the cell degrades parts of itself within the lysosome (or the analogous organelle, the vacuole, in yeast and plants), foll... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24308968",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23159909",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20116986",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19323652",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20595626",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23774579",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0006914",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001343"
] |
5157539ed24251bc0500008a | factoid | Gene silencing can be achieved by RNA interference (RNAi) in eukaryotic organisms. What is the name of the analogous process in prokaryotic organisms? | [
"Bacteria have developed several defense mechanisms against bacteriophages over evolutionary time, but the concept of prokaryotic RNA interference mediated defense mechanism against phages and other invading genetic elements has emerged only recently. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISP... | [
"CRISPR-Cas"
] | [
"he CRISPR-Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats, CRISPR-associated genes) is an adaptive immunity system in bacteria and archaea that functions via a distinct self-non-self recognition mechanism that is partially analogous to the mechanism of eukaryotic RNA interference (RNAi).",
"RNA-gu... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20109154",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16545108",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19706170",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21441598",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17537822",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18971321",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=1900370",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0016246",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=1900368",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011387",... |
55424745ed966d112c000002 | summary | Between which types of DNA bases are mutational biases introduced due to directional mutation pressure? | [
"The rates of substitution mutations in two directions, v (from an AT-pair to a GC-pair) and u (from a GC-pair to an AT-pair), are usually not the same. Thereafter, the effect of mutation on a genome is not random but has a directionality toward higher or lower GC content of DNA. The net effect, v/(u + v), has prev... | [] | [
"directional mutation pressure for variation of the DNA G + C content due to mutational biases between alpha-bases (A or T) and gamma-bases (G or C)",
"A/T-biased directional mutation pressure",
"Rates of substitution mutations in two directions, v [from an A-T or T-A nucleotide pair (AT-pair) to a G-C or C-G n... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20838599",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3357886",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2326195",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1556753",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2253708",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7932780",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.go... | [] | [] |
5157fce5d24251bc0500008c | yesno | Is it feasible to determine the complete proteome of yeast? | [
"Yes, since the complete genome of yeast is known."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"or model organisms like yeast, we can now quantify complete proteomes in just a few hours.",
"A complete mass-spectrometric map of the yeast proteome applied to quantitative trait analysis.",
"So far, attempts to generate such maps for any proteome have failed to reach complete proteome coverage. Here we use a... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23438854",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12912986",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23334424",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15768030",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14730684",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16784548"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020543",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D015003"
] |
530cf4e0c8a0b4a00c000004 | list | Which mutations of alpha-myosin heavy chain gene are implicated in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy? | [
"The following mutations of alpha-myosin heavy chain gene are implicated in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: R403Q; Q1065H and Arg-249-->Gln"
] | [
"R403Q",
"Arg403Gln",
"Q1065H",
"Arg-249-->Gln"
] | [
"Accordingly, pressure overload by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) was induced in 2-month-old, male mice with and without a FHC (R403Q) mutation in α-myosin heavy chain.",
"This model (designated TnI-203/MHC-403) was generated by crossbreeding mice with the Gly203Ser cardiac troponin I (TnI-203) and Arg403Gl... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11827928",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18480046",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8290568",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9884344",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8614836",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9869991",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.g... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002312",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D018995"
] |
530cf4e0c8a0b4a00c000005 | list | Which are the cardiac manifestations of Marfan syndrome? | [
"Cardiac manifestations of Marfan syndrome include aortic root dilation,aortic regurgitation, mitral valve prolapse and mitral valve regurgitation."
] | [
"aortic root dilation",
"mitral valve prolapse",
"aortic regurgitation",
"mitral valve regurgitation"
] | [
"Cardiac manifestations of Marfan syndrome include aortic root dilation and mitral valve prolapse (MVP).",
"Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a genetic disorder of the connective tissue. Aortic root dilation is a main criterion of the Ghent Nosology. Dural ectasia and the presence of mitral valve prolapse (MVP) contribute... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21866385",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2225986",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16358146",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22457261",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11865681",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7113187",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008382"
] |
530cf4e0c8a0b4a00c000002 | factoid | How is connected "isolated Non-compaction cardiomyopathy" with dilated cardiomyopathy? | [
"Mutations in cardiac beta-myosin heavy chain and alpha-tropomyosin link isolated Non-compaction cardiomyopathy with dilated cardiomyopathy"
] | [
"via mutations in beta-MHC and alpha-TPM1"
] | [
"A novel alpha-tropomyosin mutation associates with dilated and non-compaction cardiomyopathy and diminishes actin binding",
"We show that a mutation in TPM1 is associated with DCM and a lethal, early onset form of NCCM, probably as a result of diminished actin binding caused by weakened charge-charge interaction... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23147248",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17947214"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002311",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D056830"
] |
51753a948ed59a060a000029 | summary | What is the role of AMPK in diabetic cardiomyopathy? | [
"AMPK activation protects cardiac structure and function by increasing cardiac autophagy in the diabetic heart. Decreased AMPK activity and the subsequent reduction in cardiac autophagy are central to the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. In fact, dissociation of Bcl-2 from Beclin1 may be an important mecha... | [] | [
"We recently reported that diabetes depresses AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity, inhibits MAPK8/JNK1-BCL2 signaling",
"Activation of AMPK directly phosphorylates MAPK8, which mediates BCL2 phosphorylation and subsequent BECN1-BCL2 dissociation, leading to restoration of cardiac autophagy, protection ag... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23223177",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19561140",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22842069",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22146585",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20383170",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21562078",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0004679",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0031588",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/AAPK2_RAT",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/AAKG2_HUMAN",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/AAKB2_RAT",
"http://www.uniprot.org/un... |
56b73c7a345adcac48000002 | yesno | Are circRNAs associated with diseases and traits? | [
"Yes. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a crucial role in fine tuning the level of miRNA mediated regulation of gene expression by sequestering the miRNAs. Their interaction with disease associated miRNAs indicates that circular RNAs are important for disease regulation."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Circ2Traits: a comprehensive database for circular RNA potentially associated with disease and traits.",
"Circular RNAs play a crucial role in fine tuning the level of miRNA mediated regulation of gene expression by sequestering the miRNAs. Their interaction with disease associated miRNAs indicates that circular... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26052092",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24339831"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=diseases_category",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:4",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004194"
] |
530cf4e0c8a0b4a00c000006 | factoid | Which is the most common cause of sudden cardiac death in young athletes? | [
"the most common cause of sudden cardiac death in young athletes is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy"
] | [
"hypertrophic cardiomyopathy"
] | [
"The most common cause of death was hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (30 %), followed by coronary artery anomalies (9 %), and myocarditis (9 %). ",
"The most common cause of this, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), is a genetic disorder responsible for more than a third of cases and is manageable.",
"HCM is the most... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16352133",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21858983",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11886323",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12793636",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12651044",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20559995",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016757",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D056352",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002423"
] |
56bb1b4eac7ad10019000004 | yesno | Could the Menzerath-Altmann law be proved mathematically trivial in genomes? | [
"Yes. The view of Menzerath-Altmann law in genomes, as inevitable, is seriously flawed."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Here we review the statistical foundations of that test and consider three non-parametric tests based upon different correlation metrics and one parametric test to evaluate if Z ∼ 1/X in genomes. The most powerful test is a new non-parametric one based upon the correlation ratio, which is able to reject Z ∼ 1/X in... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25503672"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016678"
] |
530cf4e0c8a0b4a00c000007 | factoid | What is the rate of survival after commotio cordis? | [
"Survival rates for commotio cordis are low, even when resuscitation is performed. Survival rates vary between 10% and 28%."
] | [
"10-28%"
] | [
"At their commotio cordis event, 216 study patients were 0.2-51 years old (mean age 15±9 years); 95% were males. Death occurred in 156 individuals (72%), while the other 60 (28%) survived.",
"In the 2 groups, events were largely similar demographically, including frequency of survival (26% in U.S. vs 25%; P = .84... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23107651",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23015869",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11879111",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11555799",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21763255",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20086611"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013534",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D056104"
] |
530a34eb970c65fa6b000004 | summary | What is the oldest human sample analysed by paleontology proteomics? | [
"The Tyrolean Iceman's brain is the oldest (5300 years old) human sample that has been studied by paleoproteomics."
] | [] | [
"Paleoproteomic study of the Iceman's brain tissue.",
"We report the first use of shotgun proteomics to detect the protein expression profile of buccal swabs and cloth samples from two 500-year-old Andean mummies.",
"Identification of ancient biological samples from the 1991-discovered and more than 5300-year-o... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22348088",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18720427",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23739949",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22848450",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17918181"
] | [
{
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"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A0096938",
"o": "MeSH"
},
{
"p": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/prefMetaMap",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/id/C0030224",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resou... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020543",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D010163",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D006801",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
52e0141498d023950500000e | list | What are the results of loss of the protein Lon1 in the plant Arabidopsis? | [
"Loss of Lon1 in Arabidopsis changes the mitochondrial proteome leading to altered metabolite profiles and growth retardation. Additionaly, seedling establishment is also impaired."
] | [
"growth rate deficit in both roots and shoots",
"lowered activity of specific mitochondrial enzymes associated with respiratory metabolism",
"impaired seedling establishment"
] | [
"Knockout in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) leads to a significant growth rate deficit in both roots and shoots and lowered activity of specific mitochondrial enzymes associated with respiratory metabolism. ",
"loss of Lon1 significantly modifies respiratory function and plant performance by small but broad a... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19076295",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22968828",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22023720"
] | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/LON_AQUAE",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D017360",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/LON_MYCAP",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/LON_DESDA",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/LON_BUCAP",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/... |
572096c90fd6f91b6800000e | factoid | Which gene is involved in Giant Axonal Neuropathy? | [
"Giant axonal neuropathy (GAN) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease caused by autosomal recessive mutations in the GAN gene resulting in a loss of a ubiquitously expressed protein, gigaxonin",
"Giant axonal neuropathy (GAN) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease caused by autosomal recessive mutations i... | [
"GAN gene"
] | [
"Giant axonal neuropathy (GAN) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease caused by autosomal recessive mutations in the GAN gene resulting in a loss of a ubiquitously expressed protein, gigaxonin",
"We describe a toddler with clinical features suggesting giant axonal neuropathy (GAN), whose diagnosis was confirm... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23248352",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25003002",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11971098",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19398414",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23890932",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24947478",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
532bf822d6d3ac6a34000016 | yesno | Are there studies representing the involvement of Notch mutations in neurodegenerative diseases such as Down syndrome, Pick's and Prion's disease, and cadasil syndrome? | [
"The Notch signaling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved, intercellular signaling mechanism essential for proper embryonic development in organisms as diverse as insects, nematodes, echinoderms and mammals. Disruptions in conserved developmental pathways frequently result in inherited congenital anomalies in hum... | [
"yes"
] | [
"he Notch signaling pathway plays a critical role in maintaining the balance between cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis, and is a highly conserved signaling pathway that regulates normal development in a context- and dose-dependent manner. Dysregulation of Notch signaling has been suggested to be key... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17981814",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24101600",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21772710",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24252593",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24249312",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15640354",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D051880",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009154",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D059645"
] |
553f8bc11d53b76422000002 | yesno | Are there any functional differences between Mfd and its human Cocaine syndrome protein B (CSB) homolog? | [
"Both Cockayne syndrome protein B (CSB) and Mfd are involved in transcription-coupled repair. CSB is the human TCR coupling factor and Mfd is the bacterial TCR coupling factor. However, unlike Mfd, CSB does not act as a helicase nor does it dissociate stalled RNA polymerase II, suggesting a coupling mechanism in hu... | [
"yes"
] | [
"In humans, the TCR coupling factor, CSB, plays a critical role in restoring transcription following both UV-induced and oxidative DNA damage. It also contributes indirectly to the global repair of some forms of oxidative DNA damage. The Escherichia coli homolog, Mfd, is similarly required for TCR of UV-induced les... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22427630",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8999876"
] | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0050783",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0050784"
] |
570a7594cf1c325851000026 | summary | What is membrane scission? | [
"Membrane scission is the final step in order to complete the budding process, pinching off of the vesicle. To promote membrane scission, dynamin proteins polymerize, wrap around, and constrict the membrane. The scission of biological membranes is facilitated by a variety of protein complexes that bind and manipula... | [] | [
"To promote membrane scission, dynamin proteins polymerize, wrap around, and constrict the membrane; however, the mechanism underlying their role in membrane fusion remains unclear.",
" Its role in endocytosis may be mediated by its reported interaction with dynamin 2, a 100 kDa GTPase that polymerizes around the... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25429432",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24440309",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25783003",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25784211",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24102355",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24878737",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
5173bdb38ed59a060a000020 | factoid | How many TAp73 isoforms have been identified in humans? | [
"The TP73 gene, due to the presence of two promoters (P1 and P2) in its 5' flanking region, encodes a fully transcriptionally active domain (TAp73) and the amino terminus deleted (ΔNp73). TAp73 possesses pro-apoptotic properties, while deltaNp73 has anti-apoptotic functions. Alternative 3'-end splicing results in g... | [
"seven",
"7"
] | [
"A member of the p53 family, p73, has several isoforms and differentially regulates transcription of genes involved in the control of the cell cycle and apoptosis.",
"The p73 gene, a homologue of the p53 tumor suppressor, is expressed as TA and ΔN isoforms. TAp73 has similar activity as p53 and functions as a tum... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21946516",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22457351",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19139399",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16773194",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23271007",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21807636",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020033"
] |
56e19eba51531f7e33000012 | yesno | Is the yeast Μac1 transcription factor induced upon copper deficiency? | [
"In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, transcriptional responses to copper deficiency are mediated by the copper-responsive transcription factor Mac1. Ace1 mediates copper-induced gene expression in cells exposed to stressful levels of copper salts, whereas Mac1 activates a subset of genes under copper-deficient conditions.... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Low-affinity copper transporter CTR2 is regulated by copper-sensing transcription factor Mac1p in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.",
"The copper-depletion induced CTR2 transcription can be abrogated by genetic deletion of copper-sensing transcription factor Mac1p",
"Taken together, our results suggest that Mac1p can ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22445756",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9159110",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9430656",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10922376",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18977757",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22683637",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D003300",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0046688"
] |
56a8b1a5a17756b72f000004 | summary | What is the mechanism of DNA replication termination in vertebrates? | [
"Eukaryotic DNA replication terminates when replisomes from adjacent replication origins converge. Termination involves local completion of DNA synthesis, decatenation of daughter molecules and replisome disassembly. DNA synthesis does not slow detectably as forks approach each other, and leading strands pass each ... | [] | [
"Eukaryotic DNA replication terminates when replisomes from adjacent replication origins converge. Termination involves local completion of DNA synthesis, decatenation of daughter molecules and replisome disassembly.",
"We show that DNA synthesis does not slow detectably as forks approach each other, and that lea... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26322582"
] | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000621",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004261",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0097047",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0071170",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RTP_BACPZ",
"http... |
5518e817622b194345000006 | list | Which are the different members/isoforms of the Ras oncogenes? | [
"Ras proteins are proto-oncogenes that are frequently mutated in human cancers. Three closely related isoforms, HRAS, KRAS and NRAS, are expressed in all cells and have overlapping but distinctive functions.",
"H-ras, N-ras, and K-ras are canonical ras gene family members frequently activated by point mutation in... | [
"H-Ras",
"N-Ras",
"K-Ras4A",
"K-Ras4B"
] | [
"The major Ras isoforms (K, H, and N) ",
"Mutations in Ras isoforms such as K-Ras, N-Ras, and H-Ras contribute to roughly 85, 15, and 1% of human cancers, respectively.",
"the Ras isoforms (H, N and K) ",
"The mutant forms of KRas, NRas and HRas",
" lipidated Ras isoforms (H-Ras and N-Ras)",
": H-Ras, K-R... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24194124",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21924373",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22648805",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21779492",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23103856",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21779495",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020033",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011905",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0005099",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field... |
53442ca9aeec6fbd0700000b | factoid | Which is the subcellular localization of ERAP2? | [
"Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 2 (ERAP2) is localized to the luminal side of the endoplasmic reticulum."
] | [
"luminal side of the endoplasmic reticulum"
] | [
"The human endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase (ERAP) 1 and 2 proteins ",
"They are categorized as a unique class of proteases based on their subcellular localization on the luminal side of the endoplasmic reticulum. ",
"endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 2 (ERAP2) ",
"ERAP2 is a proteolytic enzyme set in ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23988446",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23946506",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16054015"
] | [
{
"p": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core/encodedBy",
"s": "http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/A6QPT7",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/#_41365150543700A"
},
{
"p": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core/fullName",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/#_413651505437008",
"o": "Endoplasmic re... | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0060341",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0008104",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ERAP2_PONAB",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0051179",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ER... |
532c147bd6d3ac6a3400001e | yesno | Have thyronamines effects on fat tissue? | [
"There is not clear evidence that thyronamines have direct effect on adipose tissue"
] | [
"no"
] | [
"In conclusion, trace amines and thyronamines are negative inotropic agents.",
"Their in vivo administration induces effects opposite to those induced by thyroid hormone, including lowering of body temperature."
] | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17579492",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17912534",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6094171",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20880963",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20005733",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18486124",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000273",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D050153",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4251308",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&ter... |
530cefaaad0bf1360c000003 | list | What are the names of anti-CD52 monoclonal antibody that is used for treatment of multiple sclerosis patients? | [
"Alemtuzumab and Campath-1H are the names of anti-CD52 monoclonal antibody that is used for treatment of multiple sclerosis patients. It has been shown to be effective for treatment naive and treatment resistant multiple sclerosis patients."
] | [
"Alemtuzumab",
"Campath-1H"
] | [
"Alemtuzumab offers induction strategy for very active relapsing MS patients who have failed conventional therapy, and possibly selected treatment-naive patients.",
"Differential reconstitution of T cell subsets following immunodepleting treatment with alemtuzumab (anti-CD52 monoclonal antibody) in patients with ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23122652",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23122650",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24170099",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10482259",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20236038",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7914262",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D061067",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009103",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:2377",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Ex... |
56d19ffaab2fed4a47000001 | yesno | Is there a package in R/bioconductor for classification of alternative splicing? | [
"Yes. SpliceR is an R package for classification of alternative splicing and prediction of coding potential from RNA-seq data."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"spliceR: an R package for classification of alternative splicing and prediction of coding potential from RNA-seq data.",
"Recent software improvements in full-length transcript deconvolution prompted us to develop spliceR, an R package for classification of alternative splicing and prediction of coding potential... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24655717"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D017398",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000381",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000380"
] |
530cefaaad0bf1360c000002 | list | Which brain structures have been investigated as potential targets for deep brain stimulation of patients suffering from major depression? | [
"Subgenual cingulate gyrus, the anterior limb of the capsula interna, nucleus accumbens, medial forebrain bundle, habenula, and caudate nucleus have been investigated as potential targeted for the deep brain stimulation of patients suffering from major depression."
] | [
"subgenual cingulate gyrus",
"anterior limb of the capsula interna",
"nucleus accumbens",
"medial forebrain bundle",
"habenula",
"ventral caudate nucleus"
] | [
"Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is under scientific evaluation as a new treatment option for these treatment-resistant patients. First clinical studies with small samples have been stimulated at the subgenual cingulate gyrus (Cg25/24), the anterior limb of the capsula interna (ALIC), and the nucleus accumbens (NAcc).... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24112897",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23230531",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17498883",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21736514",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19284243",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15481726",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D003865",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D046690",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001921",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/a... |
530cefaaad0bf1360c000001 | yesno | Is alemtuzumab effective for remission induction in patients diagnosed with T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia? | [
"Yes, alemtuzumab (anti-CD52, Campath-1H) is effective for remission induction in patients diagnosed with T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia. Alemtuzumab can be administered in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents or as mono-therapy. Response rate to alemtuzumab is more than 90%. Alemtuzumab therapy is associ... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Sequential chemoimmunotherapy of fludarabine, mitoxantrone, and cyclophosphamide induction followed by alemtuzumab consolidation is effective in T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia",
"A central need in this historically refractory tumor is the controlled evaluation of multiagent chemotherapy and its combination with ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15453953",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10561018",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15757437",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12950233",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23512246",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22517037",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4002029",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D015461",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012074"
] |
530cefaaad0bf1360c000006 | summary | What is the association between moon cycle and rupture risk of intracranial aneurysms? | [
"It has been reported that moon phases correlate with the incidence of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage due to ruptured intracranial aneurysms. However, other authors have found no correlation between incidence of aneurysmal SAH, location of the aneurysm, initial clinical presentation, or amount of subarachnoid b... | [] | [
"Recently, it has been reported that moon phases correlate with the incidence of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), however, another author found no such association. ",
"We found no correlation between incidence of aneurysmal SAH, location of the aneurysm, initial clinical presentation, or amount of subar... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19101078",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18353534",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23702791"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D017542",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002532",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016081",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/a... |
55032bbfe9bde69634000032 | yesno | Is there an association between TERT promoter mutation and survival of glioblastoma patients? | [
"Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter are associated with shorter survival of glioblastoma patients. Prognostic value of TERT mutations for poor survival is largely due to their inverse correlation with IDH1 mutations."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Glioblastoma patients with TERT mutations showed a shorter survival than those without TERT mutations in univariate analysis (median, 9.3 vs. 10.5 months; P = 0.015) and multivariate analysis after adjusting for age and gender (HR 1.38, 95 % CI 1.01-1.88, P = 0.041). However, TERT mutations had no significant impa... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23393205",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24937153",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23955565"
] | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:3073"
] |
530cefaaad0bf1360c000004 | yesno | Is bapineuzumab effective for treatment of patients with Alzheimer's disease? | [
"Clinical trials have demonstrated that bapineuzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody against the end terminus of amyloid plaques, is not effective for treatment of patients with Alzheimer's disease. The burden of beta amyloid plaques was reduced in response to bapineuzumab therapy. However, bapineuzumab therapy di... | [
"no"
] | [
" Thus far, results from two large phase 3 trial programs with bapineuzumab and solaneuzumab, respectively, have brought rather disappointing results.",
"More recently, in phase III studies, bapineuzumab has been discontinued because it did not prove clinically effective (despite its significant effect on biomark... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22529838",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21263194",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24255592",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22357853",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24086465",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24216217",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013812",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016896",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:10652",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+E... |
52ecf2dd98d023950500002e | list | Which deiodinase polymorphisms are implicated in arterial hypertension? | [
"Two deiodinase polymorphisms are implicated in arterial hypertension: Ala92 type 2 deiodinase allele and rs7140952 polymorphism of DIO2",
"At least two deiodinease polymorfisms are implicated in arterial hypertension:\nDIO 2 Thr92Ala\nrs7140952"
] | [
"rs7140952 polymorphism of DIO2",
"rs7140952",
"Ala92 type 2 deiodinase allele",
"DIO 2 Thr92Ala"
] | [
"However, rs7140952 polymorphism is associated with components of metabolic syndrome including blood pressure and central obesity.",
"Among euthyroid adults, the common Ala92 allele of the type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase increases risk for the development of hypertension. ",
"Ala92 type 2 deiodinase allele incr... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21415143",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17224473",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19178511",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18198294",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23329579",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19014646"
] | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:10825",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D006973",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D007453",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+E... |
52efbfccc8da898910000018 | factoid | At which kind of individuals is pharmacological treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism effective in reducing cardiovascular events? | [
"Treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism is associated with fewer cardiovascular events in younger individuals, but this issue has not been resolved yet in elderly people."
] | [
"effective in younger individuals"
] | [
"sHT in older people should be not regarded as a unique condition, and moderately old patients (aged <70-75 y) could be considered clinically similar to the adult population, albeit with a higher optimal TSH target value. Conversely, the oldest old subjects should be carefully followed with a wait-and-see strategy,... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23559085",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16542047",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17544610",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22529180",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16026106",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17636722",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013812",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002318",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D007037"
] |
518ccac0310faafe0800000b | yesno | Is intense physical activity associated with longevity? | [
"YES:"
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Our major finding is that repeated very intense exercise prolongs life span in well trained practitioners.",
"Death rates declined with increased levels of total activity (estimated in kilocalories), and declined also with increased intensity of effort measured as from none, to light, to moderately vigorous or v... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23449779",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7707624",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22587716",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21618162",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2279154",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10670554"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008136",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D015444",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005082",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
55476a3ff35db75526000003 | summary | How homoplasy affects phylogenetic reconstruction? | [
"Evolutionary processes create both newly derived characteristics shared by related descendant lineages (homology) and \"false\" similarities which confound phylogenetic reconstruction (homoplasy). Homology arises by divergent evolution from a common ancestor and provides us with a phylogenetic signal, while homopl... | [] | [
"Phylogenetic reconstruction using molecular data is often subject to homoplasy, leading to inaccurate conclusions about phylogenetic relationships among operational taxonomic units.",
"Our use of nonhomoplastic whole-genome SNP characters allows branch points and clade membership to be estimated with great preci... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8042708",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21619604",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22728915",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15062799",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12116430",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22192390",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D058974"
] |
530cefaaad0bf1360c000009 | summary | What is known about the association between the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors during pregnancy and risk for autism in offspring? | [
"Greater risk for autism spectrum disorders has been reported among mothers that have used selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors during pregnancy. However, others did not find an association between the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors during pregnancy and risk for autism in offspring. Also, selecti... | [] | [
"In doing so, we examined whether two proposed risk factors - low birth weight (LBW), and in utero exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) - are associated with greater behavioral homogeneity. Using data from the Western Australian Autism Biological Registry, this study found that LBW and matern... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24065914",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21727247",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23681158",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23604083",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20018455",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22090498",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0007565",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D017367",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001321",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID... |
5319abe4b166e2b80600002e | list | Which transcription factors are involved in E-cadherin repression during EMT? | [
"Downregulation of E-cadherin is a crucial event for epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in embryonic development and cancer progression. Overexpression of Snail1 (Snail), Snail2 (Slug), Zeb1, Twist, SIP1 and DeltaEF1 have been found to mediate E-cadherin repression, induce the mesenchymal markers vimentin a... | [
"Snail1 (Snail)",
"Snail2 (Slug)",
"Zeb1",
"Twist",
"SIP1",
"DeltaEF1"
] | [
"ifferential role of Snail1 and Snail2 zinc fingers in E-cadherin repression and epithelial to mesenchymal transition",
"nail1 (Snail) and Snail2 (Slug) are transcription factors that share a similar DNA binding structure of four and five C2H2 zinc finger motifs (ZF), respectively. Both factors bind specifically ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19581928",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22833386",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19295128",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22727060",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22562246",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15674322",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0001837",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D015820",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CADH1_HUMAN",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D058750",
"h... |
55031963e9bde6963400002a | yesno | Is desmin an intermediate filament protein involved in Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM)? | [
"According to the predominant view, desmin mutations cause dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Mice deficient in desmin, the muscle-specific member of the intermediate filament gene family, display defects in all muscle types and particularly in the myocardium. Desmin null hearts develop cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and dil... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Desmin-related myofibrillar myopathy (DRM) is a cardiac and skeletal muscle disease caused by mutations in the desmin (DES) gene. Mutations in the central 2B domain of DES cause skeletal muscle disease that typically precedes cardiac involvement. However, the prevalence of DES mutations in dilated cardiomyopathy (... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10904833",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15475165",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16890305",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15699919",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14734054",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10974018",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/DESM_RAT",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/DESM_HUMAN",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/DESM_CHICK",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/DESM_MOUSE",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/DESM_XENLA",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:12930",
"http://www.uniprot.or... |
530cefaaad0bf1360c000008 | yesno | Is lambrolizumab effective for treatment of patients with melanoma ? | [
"Lambrolizumab, a programmed death-1 receptor (PD-1)/its ligand (PD-L1) antibody, has been shown to be effective for treatment of patients with melanoma. High rate of sustained tumor regression with mainly minimal adverse effects in melanoma patients treated with lambrolizumab has been reported. Because of all thes... | [
"yes"
] | [
"However, through parallel efforts that have showcased the efficacy of small-molecule BRAF and MAP-ERK kinase (MEK) inhibitors, as well as the immune checkpoint inhibitors, namely ipilimumab and the anti-PD1/PDL1 antibodies (lambrolizumab, nivolumab, MPDL3280), an opportunity exists to transform the treatment of me... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23724846",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24416617",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23847357",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24089441",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24499550",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23970885",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D018328",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013812",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D018326",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
54ff30dc6ad7dcbc1200000f | list | List human diseases involving genomic imprinting. | [
"Prader Willi Syndrome\nAngelman syndrome\nBeckwith-Wiedemann syndrome\nHydatidiform mole\nCancer\nSilver-Russell syndrome\nDiabetes"
] | [
"Prader Willi Syndrome",
"Angelman syndrome",
"Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome",
"Hydatidiform mole",
"Cancer",
"Silver-Russell syndrome",
"Diabetes"
] | [
" Here we describe the clinical case of a female patient with Prader Willi Syndrome (PWS), a genomic imprinting disorder",
"Perturbation of the allelic DNA methylation at ICRs is causally involved in several human diseases, including the Beckwith-Wiedemann and Silver-Russell syndromes, associated with aberrant fo... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15945483",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22960339",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12524013",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12444886",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16035043",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7868070",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:4",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D015894",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:2000653",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D0183... |
52fa74252059c6d71c00005b | summary | Why are insulators necessary in gene therapy vectors? | [
"a) They inhibit oncogene activation upon vector integration and b) They maximize the probability of vector expression upon integration in heterochromatinic regions",
"The presence of insulators in gene therapy vectors is necessary because these elements have the ability to help overcome the problem of position e... | [] | [
"hromatin insulators separate active transcriptional domains and block the spread of heterochromatin in the genome. Studies on the chicken hypersensitive site-4 (cHS4) element, a prototypic insulator, have identified CTCF and USF-1/2 motifs in the proximal 250 bp of cHS4, termed the \"core\", which provide enhancer... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21562592",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21205311",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21475904",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19352322",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12200360",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24098520",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A11616828",
"o": "GO:0043035"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#prefLabel",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/id/C1156211",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.com/re... | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0044009",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0044008",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002273",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+... |
530cefaaad0bf1360c000012 | factoid | Which deficiency is the cause of restless leg syndrome? | [
"It has been well-documented that iron deficiency is the cause of restless leg syndrome. Magnesium and ferritin were also associated with restless leg syndrome."
] | [
"iron"
] | [
"We describe a unique case of a 23-yr-old female patient affected by a homozygous loss of function mutation in the L-ferritin gene, idiopathic generalized seizures, and atypical restless leg syndrome (RLS). We show that L chain ferritin is undetectable in primary fibroblasts from the patient, and thus ferritin cons... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19935988",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11863398",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22258033",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21358851",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11310286",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11799409",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D003677",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012148",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:0050425"
] |
53398855d6d3ac6a3400005b | factoid | What histone modification is recognized by the bromodomain? | [
"Acetylated lysines in histones (generally H3 and H4)"
] | [
"Acetylated lysines"
] | [
"acetyllysine-specific protein-protein interaction with bromodomain reader modules",
"Bromodomains bind acetylated lysines, acting as readers of the histone-acetylation code",
" three acetyllysine ligands are indentified for a PHD-adjacent bromodomain in BPTF via systematic screening and biophysical characteriz... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15014446",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21596426",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17049045",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21189220",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16265664",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10746732",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D006657",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0016573",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0016570"
] |
530cefaaad0bf1360c000011 | list | What memory problems are reported in the " Gulf war syndrome"? | [
"Loss of memory and dysmnesia are memory problems reported in the \" Gulf war syndrome\". Patients suffering from this syndrome often have other\nnonspecific symptoms such as fatigue, skin rash, headache, muscle and joint pain and sexual dysfunction."
] | [
"loss of memory",
"dysmnesia"
] | [
"The strongest associations were for mood swings (OR 20.9, 95%CI 16.2-27.0), memory loss/lack of concentration (OR 19.6, 95% CI 15.5-24.8), night sweats (OR 9.9, 95% CI 6.5-15.2), general fatigue (OR 9.6, 95% CI 8.3-11.1) and sexual dysfunction (OR 4.6, 95%CI 3.2-6.6).",
"The symptoms include incapacitating fatig... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15251045",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11600803",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14590665",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12446953",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9005271",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14515407",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0007613",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008569",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:4491",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D0... |
532361fd9b2d7acc7e000013 | yesno | Is cadasil syndrome a hereditary disease? | [
"Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is an inherited cerebral small vessel disease, clinically characterized by migraine, recurrent transient ischemic attacks or strokes, psychiatric disorders and cognitive decline. Strokes are typically ischemic, whi... | [
"yes"
] | [
" CADASIL is the most frequent hereditary small-vessel disease of the brain. The clinical impact of various MR imaging markers has been repeatedly studied in this disorder, but alterations of contrast between gray matter and normal-appearing white matter remain unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the con... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23868154",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23355563",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23587639",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21772710",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23221354",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23832984",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/diseaseontology/id/DOID:13945",
"o": "UMLS_CUI:C0751587"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#prefLabel",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/diseaseontology/id/DOID:13945",
"o"... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D046589",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020271",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:225",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exa... |
55031628e9bde69634000024 | list | Which neuroendocrine tumors are associated with specific tumor syndromes? | [
"Neuroendocrine tumors are a heterogeneous group of benign and malignant neoplasias, detectable in the context of hereditary tumor syndromes in up to 30% of cases. Neuroendocrine tumors include medullary thyroid carcinoma, gastroenteropancreatic tumors, pheochromocytoma, and paraganglioma."
] | [
"medullary thyroid carcinoma",
"gastroenteropancreatic tumors",
"pheochromocytoma",
"paraganglioma"
] | [
"Pheochromocytomas are neuroendocrine tumors of the adrenal medulla which can occur either sporadically or in the context of hereditary tumor syndromes",
"Pheochromocytomas (PCCs) and paragangliomas (PGLs) are rare neuroendocrine tumors of the adrenal glands and the sympathetic and parasympathetic paraganglia. Th... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23010473",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22041710",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21181474",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14685672",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19708762"
] | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:169"
] |
56d1da3b67f0cb3d66000006 | factoid | How many periods of regulatory innovation led to the evolution of vertebrates? | [
"Investigators proposed that there have been three extended periods in the evolution of gene regulatory elements. Early vertebrate evolution was characterized by regulatory gains near transcription factors and developmental genes, but this trend was replaced by innovations near extracellular signaling genes, and th... | [
"Three"
] | [
"Three periods of regulatory innovation during vertebrate evolution.",
"To investigate the gain of regulatory elements throughout vertebrate evolution, we identified genome-wide sets of putative regulatory regions for five vertebrates, including humans. These putative regulatory regions are conserved nonexonic el... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21852499"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D014714",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005075"
] |
56c048e2ef6e39474100001d | yesno | Is nintedanib effective for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis? | [
"Yes, nintedanib is approved for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis treatment. Nintedanib was shown to slow the decline in lung function, decrease acute exacerbations, decrease the annual rate of decline in forced vital capacity and increase time to acute exacerbation."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"In this review, we present the positive results of recently published clinical trials regarding therapy for IPF, with emphasis on pirfenidone and nintedanib.",
"Nintedanib: evidence for its therapeutic potential in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis",
" In the Phase II TOMORROW trial, treatment with 150 mg of ninte... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25628503",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26261848",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24834811",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26039104",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25430078",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24782550",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D054990",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:0050156"
] |
51713cb58ed59a060a000006 | summary | What is the role of SERCA in diabetic cardiomyopathy? | [
"Diabetic cardiomyopathy is accompanied by reduced SERCA levels and activity in later stages. The up-regulation of SERCA2a in the early phase of type 2 diabetes is an important physiological adaptation of the heart."
] | [] | [
"Compared with control group, [Ca(2+)](i) and the expression of CaSR, RyR and SERCA/PLN were decreased, while PKC-α and PLN were significantly increased in a time-dependent manner in diabetic group",
"Diabetic rats showed impaired cardiac structure and function compared with control rats. The expression of PKC, P... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18570267",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16810072",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22137362",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20008278",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22621761",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12217882",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D003920",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D058065",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/AT2A_CHIOP",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term... |
530cefaaad0bf1360c000010 | yesno | Is pesticide exposure associated with polyneuropathy? | [
"Yes, it is associated with peripheral neuropathy.",
"Yes, pesticide exposure is associated with delayed polyneuropathy. Electrophysiological studies have revealed three characteristic phenomena: (i) repetitive firing following a single stimulus; (ii) gradual reduction in twitch height or compound muscle action p... | [
"yes"
] | [
"As the syndrome occurred after the acute cholinergic syndrome but before organophosphate-induced delayed polyneuropathy, the syndrome was called 'intermediate syndrome'.",
"The characteristic features of the IMS are weakness of the muscles of respiration (diaphragm, intercostal muscles and accessory muscles incl... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2158793",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23251840",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23251841",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16140621",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21432383",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19079407",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:1389",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011115",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004781",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Ex... |
56f3f94109dd18d46b000001 | summary | What is the methodological principle of ChIA-PET? | [
"Chromatin interaction analysis with paired-end tag sequencing (ChIA-PET) is a new technology to study genome-wide long-range chromatin interactions bound by protein factors. To minimize non-specific noise and reduce complexity, as well as to increase the specificity of the chromatin interaction analysis, chromatin... | [] | [
"Overall we show that ChIA-PET is the cornerstone to explore the three-dimensional (3D) chromatin structure, and certainly will lead the forthcoming wave of 3D genomics studies.",
"Chromatin interaction analysis with paired-end tag sequencing (ChIA-PET) is a new technology to study genome-wide long-range chromati... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20181287",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25563301",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22564980",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22926262",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24051548",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25114054"
] | [] | [] |
530f685c329f5fcf1e000002 | yesno | Is there an association between borna virus and brain tumor? | [
"There is no data to suggest an association between borna virus and brain tumor. Borna disease virus establishes a persistent infection in the central nervous system of vertebrate animal species as well as in tissue cultures causing cellular damage. Infected neural cells, include astrocytes, neurons, oligodendrogli... | [
"no"
] | [
"Borna disease virus (BDV), a nonsegmented, negative-strand RNA virus, infects a wide variety of mammalian species and readily establishes a long-lasting, persistent infection in brain cells. ",
"To investigate the biological characteristics of field isolates of Borna disease virus (BDV), as well as to understand... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10483922",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10227422",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1731117",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17020949",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11507219",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11070091",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001890",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001891",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:1319",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Ex... |
530cefaaad0bf1360c00000c | list | List medication interfering with purine metabolism that are used for treatment of T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia? | [
"Deoxycoformycin and pentostatin are purine analogs that interfere with purine metabolism and are used for treatment of T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia patients."
] | [
"deoxycoformycin",
"pentostatin",
"nelarabine"
] | [
"Treatment with purine analogues and alemtuzumab has resulted in significantly higher response rates and improved survival. ",
" Treatment with purine analogs and the monoclonal antibody alemtuzumab has resulted in significantly higher response rates and increased survival.",
"Nelarabine is an effective regimen... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18039954",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22538464",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23512246",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19915381",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18309944",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19778847",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008660",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013812",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0006144",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_... |
56e05a7b51531f7e3300000d | yesno | Does PU.1 (SPI1) affect NF-kB binding? | [
"Recent data demonstrate that developmental transcription factors like the macrophage fate-determining Pu.1 set the stage for the activity of ubiquitous transcription factors activated by inflammatory stimuli, like NF-kB, AP-1, and interferon regulatory factors (IRFs). Within 1217 bp of upstream sequence, 3 sites f... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Recent data demonstrate that developmental transcription factors like the macrophage fate-determining Pu.1 set the stage for the activity of ubiquitous transcription factors activated by inflammatory stimuli, like NF-kB, AP-1, and interferon regulatory factors (IRFs).",
"Within 1217 bp of upstream sequence, 3 si... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19966852",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12020825",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7678251",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21245163",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8647196",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10023076"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016328"
] |
55423fc0ed966d112c000001 | yesno | Does the majority of the mitochondrial genomes abide to the second parity rule (PR2)? | [
"A large number of mitochondrial genomes significantly deviate from the 2nd parity rule, in contrast to the eubacterial ones. This behaviour of the large majority of the mitochondrial genomes may be attributed to their distinct mode of replication, which is fundamentally different from the one of the eubacteria."
] | [
"no"
] | [
"a large number of mitochondrial genomes significantly deviate from the 2nd parity rule in contrast to the eubacterial ones",
"mitochondria may be divided into three distinct sub-groups according to their overall deviation from the aforementioned parity rule.",
"The behaviour of the large majority of the mitoch... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16893615",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17562011",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11675596"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D054629",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0000262"
] |
530cefaaad0bf1360c00000b | summary | What is the association between h-index and academic rank in academic neurosurgery? | [
"Greater h-index is associated with greater academic rank in academic neurosurgery. The h indices increased significantly with increasing academic rank, with the median for instructors, assistant professors, associate professors, and professors was shown to be 2, 5, 10, and 19, respectively. In addition, h-index wa... | [] | [
" The contemporary h-index was found to be significantly predictive of NIH funding (p<0.001). ",
"Bibliometric indices are higher for those with NIH funding compared to those without, but only the contemporary h-index was shown to be predictive of NIH funding. ",
"However, when stratified by academic rank, a tr... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23820322",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23079075",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22381859",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19392590",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24055571",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21495810",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000043",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009493"
] |
530cefaaad0bf1360c00000f | yesno | Is there an association between bruxism and reflux? | [
"Yes, bruxism is associated with reflux. Sleep bruxism is prevalent in GERD patients."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Sleep bruxism is prevalent in GERD patients, and GERD is highly associated with SB.",
"There was a statistical trend towards tooth wear progression being associated with gastric risk factors (p < 0.05). ",
"This article presents a case report of a 27-year-old male smoker with tooth wear and dentin sensitivity ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22926484",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15520695",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19089153",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23738993",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22156738",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24011800",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020186",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:2846",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002012",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Ex... |
54f09a5894afd6150400001c | summary | What is known about the value of mindfulness interventions in prostate cancer patients? | [
"In prostate cancer patients, mindfulness interventions were well accepted and were effective in reducing stress, anxiety, avoidance, fear of cancer recurrence, cortisol levels and blood pressure, and improving quality of life, sleep quality and immune system functioning. In addition, mindfulness interventions prom... | [] | [
"Participants reported regular mindfulness training practice, and there was a significant correlation between mindfulness training practice and changes in both initiation and maintenance of the change in A:V. These pilot results provide encouraging evidence for the feasibility of a dietary program that includes min... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16685074",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18400281",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22442202",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22853988",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7776900",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14749092",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:10283",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D064866"
] |
530cefaaad0bf1360c00000e | summary | What is known about prostate cancer screening in the UK ? | [
"There is still no national screening programme established in the UK. Prostate cancer screening of asymptomatic men is not recommended by the National Screening Council at present and is not encouraged in the NHS. However, PSA tests are being performed for prostate cancer screening. The CAP and ProtecT trials are ... | [] | [
"Screening for early disease has been available for many years, but there is still no national screening programme established in the United Kingdom.",
"Latest results from the UK trials evaluating prostate cancer screening and treatment: the CAP and ProtecT studies.",
"The CAP and ProtecT trials (ISRCTN9218725... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20507844",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16720000",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12614245",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10185137",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21047592",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12587941",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011471",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008403",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:10283",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+E... |
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