id stringlengths 24 24 | type stringclasses 4
values | body stringlengths 13 215 | ideal_answer listlengths 1 12 | exact_answer listlengths 0 44 | snippets listlengths 0 121 | documents listlengths 1 157 | triples listlengths 0 537 | concepts listlengths 0 99 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
550c3754a103b78016000007 | factoid | Which disease of the central nervous system is characterized by the presence of Lewy bodies? | [
"Parkinson s disease (PD) is one of the most common degenerative disorders of the central nervous system that produces motor and non-motor symptoms. The majority of cases are idiopathic and characterized by the presence of Lewy bodies containing fibrillar α-synuclein ",
"Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the mo... | [
"Parkinson's disease (PD)"
] | [
"Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common degenerative disorders of the central nervous system that produces motor and non-motor symptoms. The majority of cases are idiopathic and characterized by the presence of Lewy bodies containing fibrillar α-synuclein",
"Parkinson's disease is characterized by α-s... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2085926",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22355263",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22251432",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25514659",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23281786",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23979994",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002490",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:12217",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002493",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:331",
"http://... |
517a8b768ed59a060a00003f | factoid | Which deiodinase is known to be present in liver? | [
"High D1 and D3 activities are present in fetal human liver, and high D1 and mostly absent D3 activities are present in adult human liver."
] | [
"Type 1 deiodinase",
"type 3 deiodinase"
] | [
"Iodothyronine deiodinase in vitro activity studies in the chicken showed the presence of type I and type III iodothyronine deiodinase activity in both liver and kidney.",
"In embryonic chicken liver (ECL) two types of iodothyronine deiodinases are expressed: D1 and D3.",
"In liver homogenates, D1 activity was ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9389494",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9794474",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8550759",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9709961",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7629231",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15072569"
] | [] | [] |
54fb6fb5d176fff445000004 | list | Which proteins participate in the formation of the Notch transcriptional activation complex? | [
"The Notch intracellular domain (NICD) forms a transcriptional activation complex with the DNA-binding factor CSL and a transcriptional co-activator of the Mastermind family (MAML). ICN binds to a highly conserved DNA-binding transcription factor called CSL (also known as RBP-Jkappa, CBF1, Suppressor of Hairless, a... | [
"Notch intracellular domain (NICD)",
"NICD",
"Intracellular part of Notch",
"ICN",
"NIC",
"Transcription factor CSL",
"RBP-Jkappa",
"CBF1",
"Suppressor of Hairless",
"Lag-1",
"The coactivator protein Mastermind-like 1",
"MAML-1"
] | [
"The Notch intracellular domain (NICD) forms a transcriptional activation complex with the DNA-binding factor CSL and a transcriptional co-activator of the Mastermind family (MAML). The \"RAM\" region of NICD recruits Notch to CSL, facilitating the binding of MAML at the interface between the ankyrin (ANK) repeat d... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20972443",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18758478",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11536431",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20118921",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21124806",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12644465",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D015533",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D051880"
] |
532ad4b4d6d3ac6a34000012 | summary | How is the sequence variability defined in antibodies? | [
"The variability at each position of the polypeptide chain is defined as:\nVariability = number of different amino acids at a given position / frequency of the most common amino acid at given position."
] | [] | [
"Structural and immunochemical data suggest, however, that V3 contains conserved elements which explain its role in binding to virus co-receptors despite its sequence variability.",
"This study, for the first time, describes an in-depth analysis of genetic variation in Vpr using information from global HIV-1 isol... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12547627",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12072528",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20421997",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11790764",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11292724",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22661385",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000917",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D057127",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000940",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
52fa6ac72059c6d71c000055 | factoid | Is the transcriptional regulator BACH1 an activator or a repressor? | [
"BACH1, a basic leucine zipper mammalian transcriptional repressor, negatively regulates heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1), a key cytoprotective enzyme that has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. In the absence of elevated intracellular heme or oxidative stress, BACH1 functions as a repressor of the enhancers of ... | [
"Repressor"
] | [
"the impact of BACH1 repression on transcription",
"Bach1 is a repressor of the oxidative stress response",
"transcriptional repressor Bach-1, ",
"Bach1, a transcriptional repressor of the HMOX1 gene",
"The mechanism underlying Bach1-mediated HO-1 repression is less well understood",
"Transcription factor... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23738048",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23181164",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17257585",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12511571",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15809329",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18426999",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core/classifiedWith",
"s": "http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/P97302",
"o": "http://purl.uniprot.org/keywords/678"
},
{
"p": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core/fullName",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/#_5039373330320012",
"o": "BTB and CNC homolog 1"
... | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/BACH1_MOUSE",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/FANCJ_HUMAN",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0006351",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CODY_LACLA",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/FANCJ_MOUSE",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?fi... |
56f7c44109dd18d46b000013 | yesno | Is Kanzaki disease associated with deficiency in alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase? | [
"Yes, Kanzaki disease is attributable to a deficiency in alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase, which hydrolyzes GalNAcalpha1-O-Ser/Thr."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Kanzaki disease (OMIM#104170) is attributable to a deficiency in alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase (alpha-NAGA; E.C.3.2.1.49), which hydrolyzes GalNAcalpha1-O-Ser/Thr. ",
" Our findings suggest that the association of alpha-NAGA with its substrates is strongly affected by the amino acid substitution at R329 and th... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11251574",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14685826",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19683538",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8577046",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15136691",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15619430"
] | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NAGAB_CHICK",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NAGAB_BOSIN",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NAGAB_RAT",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D048809",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/G1092_BACFN",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/... |
5710a650cf1c32585100002b | yesno | Is Mycobacterium avium less susceptible to antibiotics than Mycobacterium tuberculosis? | [
"Mycobacterium avium causes disseminated infection in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. M tuberculosis disease is preventable and curable and yet communicable, physicians should maintain a high degree of suspicion for tuberculosis in HIV-infected adults. In comparison, the goal of treating M avium ... | [
"yes"
] | [
"The prevalence of MAC lung infection in two inner city hospitals was four times higher than that of TB.",
"Most patients with combined infection were clinically consistent with MTB and responded to anti MTB treatment alone.",
"The triplex PCR developed by us could be used to detect and differentiate M. tubercu... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19956964",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21258569",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16410940",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15328105",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17548640",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19302308",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
56c1f003ef6e394741000039 | factoid | What molecule is targeted by suvorexant? | [
"Suvorexant is a dual orexin receptor antagonist for the treatment of sleep onset and sleep maintenance insomnia."
] | [
"orexin"
] | [
"Suvorexant is the first DORA to be approved and has demonstrated efficacy at decreasing both time to sleep onset and increasing total sleep time compared with placebo. ",
"Suvorexant: a dual orexin receptor antagonist for the treatment of sleep onset and sleep maintenance insomnia.",
"CONCLUSION: Suvorexant is... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22920041",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25489915",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25406050",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25533960",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23197752",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25667197",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
571e14fbbb137a4b0c000001 | factoid | For which type of diabetes can empagliflozin be used? | [
"The oral antidiabetes agent, empagliflozin, can be used as monotherapy or alongside other glucose-lowering treatments, including insulin, to treat T2DM."
] | [
"type 2 diabetes mellitus"
] | [
"Empagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a review of the evidence.",
"To review available studies of empagliflozin, a sodium glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor approved in 2014 by the European Commission and the United States Food and Drug Administration for the tr... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23398530",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24943000",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26557225",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25692841",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23906374",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22268612",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D003924",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:9352"
] |
532c0c21d6d3ac6a3400001b | list | Which are the main methods for pharmacophore modelling? | [
"A pharmacophore describes the arrangement of molecular features a ligand must contain to efficaciously bind a receptor. Pharmacophore models are developed to improve molecular understanding of ligand–protein interactions, and can be used as a tool to identify novel compounds that fulfil the pharmacophore requireme... | [
"Ligand-based, pharmacophore modeling",
"Structure-base, pharmacophore modeling"
] | [
"protein interactions are becoming increasingly significant as potential drug targets; however, the rational identification of small molecule inhibitors of such interactions remains a challenge. Pharmacophore modelling is a popular tool for virtual screening of compound libraries, and has previously been successful... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23651479",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23651482",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16783689",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22650262",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23651486",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23933279",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D015195",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008722"
] |
5544bcde5beec11c10000003 | yesno | Are there conserved noncoding elements identified between genomes of human and teleosts? | [
"Vertebrate genomes contain thousands of conserved noncoding elements (CNEs) that often function as tissue-specific enhancers. In this study, we have identified CNEs in human, dog, chicken, Xenopus, and four teleost fishes (zebrafish, stickleback, medaka, and fugu) using elephant shark, a cartilaginous vertebrate, ... | [
"yes"
] | [
"We report evidence for a mechanism for the maintenance of long-range conserved synteny across vertebrate genomes. We found the largest mammal-teleost conserved chromosomal segments to be spanned by highly conserved noncoding elements (HCNEs), their developmental regulatory target genes, and phylogenetically and fu... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19095434",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21081479",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19782672",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19562753",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18047696",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17387144",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
57136a7e1174fb1755000006 | factoid | How early during pregnancy does non-invasive cffDNA testing allow sex determination of the fetus? | [
"Using cffDNA from maternal blood, the fetal gender can be determined as early as 6 to 10 weeks of gestation (during the first trimester of pregnancy)."
] | [
"6th to 10th week of gestation",
"first trimester of pregnancy"
] | [
"The use of cffDNA in fetal sex determination during the first trimester of pregnancy of female DMD carriers.",
"We determined fetal sex during the first trimester using a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay of cffDNA in pregnant carriers of DMD.",
"Early fetal gender determination usin... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22261468",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25343090",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14680784",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23690098",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24094458",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11746166",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005333",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D019849",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012732",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
514b335dd24251bc05000061 | yesno | Does cortical spreading depression appear in ischemic penumbra following ischemic stroke? | [
"Yes, cortical spreading depression appears in ischemic penumbra following ischemic stroke and is associated with expansion of ischemic injury. This has been shown in humans and in animal models."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"During the subacute phase, the irreversible damage expands into the penumbra: multiple electrical and biological signals are triggered by periinfarct, spreading depression-like depolarizations leading to hypoxia and stepwise increase in lactate.",
"Experimental and clinical studies indicate that waves of cortica... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15078545",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20087371",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9740103",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22821441",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10082816",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14568331",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013181",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:3455",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020521"
] |
5501b3b3e9bde69634000007 | yesno | Is phospholamban a regulatory/inhibitory protein of the Ca ATPase SERCA? | [
"Phospholamban (PLB) is a 24- to 27-kDa phosphoprotein that modulates activity of the sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA). Expression of PLB is reportedly limited to cardiac, slow-twitch skeletal and smooth muscle in which PLB is an important regulator of [Ca2+]i and contractility in these muscles.The ... | [
"yes"
] | [
"The membrane protein complex between the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA) and phospholamban (PLN) controls Ca(2+) transport in cardiomyocytes, thereby modulating cardiac contractility. β-Adrenergic-stimulated phosphorylation of PLN at Ser-16 enhances SERCA activity via an unknown mechanism.",
"Phosph... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16564056",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23308118",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18045856",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17286271",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19112098",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22971924",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/AT2A_CHIOP",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D053498"
] |
56a3a6c9496b62f23f000008 | summary | What is TFBSshape? | [
"To utilize DNA shape information when analysing the DNA binding specificities of TFs, the TFBSshape database was developed for calculating DNA structural features from nucleotide sequences provided by motif databases. The TFBSshape database can be used to generate heat maps and quantitative data for DNA structural... | [] | [
"TFBSshape: a motif database for DNA shape features of transcription factor binding sites.",
"To utilize DNA shape information when analysing the DNA binding specificities of TFs, we developed a new tool, the TFBSshape database (available at http://rohslab.cmb.usc.edu/TFBSshape/), for calculating DNA structural f... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24214955"
] | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0051090",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001665"
] |
5718a69e7de986d80d00000a | yesno | Is Alpers disease inherited in an autosomal recessive mode? | [
"Alpers disease is a fatal neurogenetic disorder first described more than 70 years ago. It is an autosomal recessive, developmental mitochondrial DNA depletion disorder characterized by deficiency in mitochondrial DNA polymerase gamma (POLG) catalytic activity, refractory seizures, neurodegeneration, and liver dis... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Alpers-Huttenlocher syndrome (AHS) is a very rare autosomal recessive disorder",
"Alpers syndrome is an autosomal recessive mitochondrial DNA depletion disorder that affects children and young adults",
"Alpers' syndrome is a fatal neurogenetic disorder first described more than 70 years ago. It is an autosomal... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22000311",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15122711",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22006280",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1861211",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21451360",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16181814",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [] |
56c02bc3ef6e394741000018 | yesno | Is vemurafenib effective for hairy-cell leukemia? | [
"Yes, vemurafenib is highly effective in patients with relapsed or refractory hairy-cell leukemia."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"CONCLUSIONS: A short oral course of vemurafenib was highly effective in patients with relapsed or refractory hairy-cell leukemia.",
"Our results strongly support and inform the clinical use of BRAF and MEK inhibitors in HCL.",
"The therapeutic approach of vemurafenib in treatment-refractory hairy cell leukemia... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25480661",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25815361",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25148599",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26352686",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24137951",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25774734"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D007943",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:285"
] |
5166f41a298dcd4e5100005b | list | Which are the inhibitors of histone methyltransferases? | [
"In general, histone methyltransferases (HMTs) have no widely approved high-throughput screening assay format, and therefore reference inhibitors are not available for many of the HMTs. However, there are several selective HMT inhibitors: Trichostatin A (TSA), BIX-01294 and its derivative TM2-115, 2,4-pyridinedicar... | [
"BIX-01294",
"TM2-115",
"2,4-pyridinedicarboxylic acid",
"2,4-PDCA",
"3-deazaneplanocin A",
"DZNep",
"Trichostatin A",
"TSA",
"Psammaplin A",
"PsA",
"Sulforaphane",
"SFN"
] | [
"However, in general, HMTs have no widely accepted high-throughput screening (HTS) assay format, and reference inhibitors are not available for many of the enzymes.",
"Small-molecule histone methyltransferase inhibitors display rapid antimalarial activity against all blood stage forms in Plasmodium falciparum.",
... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23557020",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22522911",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22924785",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21940714",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23077658",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23092945",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D056572",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0042054"
] |
56b469448525abca1e000007 | summary | What is the main characteristic of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis? | [
"Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons. ",
"Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons."
] | [] | [
"Motor neuron diseases (MND), such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), are progressive neurodegenerative diseases that share the common characteristic of upper and/or lower motor neuron degeneration.",
"Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive degeneration of uppe... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17128093",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16228969",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8959997",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25384799"
] | [] | [] |
517539af8ed59a060a000026 | list | Which genes are regulated by MEF-2 in the heart? | [
"COX-2, ANF, estrogen receptor (ER)alpha gene, calsequestrin gene, casq2, cTnT, MCK, alpha-cardiac actin, sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase, SERCA, MLC-2, alpha-cardiac myosin heavy chain gene, phosphoglycerate mutase and PGAM-M are regulated by MEF-2 in the heart"
] | [
"COX-2",
"ANF",
"estrogen receptor (ER)alpha gene",
"calsequestrin gene",
"casq2",
"cTnT",
"MCK",
"alpha-cardiac actin",
"sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase",
"SERCA",
"MLC-2",
"alpha-cardiac myosin heavy chain gene",
"phosphoglycerate mutase",
"PGAM-M",
"cardiac troponin C",
"cT... | [
"Inhibition of MEF2A using siRNA attenuated HB-EGF-induced COX-2, ANF expression and cell size.",
"This genetic reprogramming coincides with a pronounced increase in expression of the estrogen receptor (ER)alpha gene, which we show to be a direct MEF2 target gene",
"cardiac calsequestrin gene (casq2)",
"Funct... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17518763",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8035789",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17938175",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8321243",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21244855",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16049055",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/MYEF2_HUMAN",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D006321",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/MYEF2_MOUSE",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005796"
] |
56c095b7ef6e394741000025 | yesno | Is there an association between TERT promoter mutation and survival of glioma patients? | [
"Yes, TERT mutation is associated with survival of glioma patients and was suggested as a bio-marker of gliomas."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Mutations lead to TERT upregulation and are associated with aggressive clinical behavior in glioblastomas.",
"Kaplan-Meier's survival analysis showed that TERT promoter mutation (P=0.037), Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation (P<0.001), and 1p/19q codeletion (P<0.001) were associated with favorable overall su... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25081751",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25314060",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24722048",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24937153",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26061753"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009154",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005910"
] |
53357193d6d3ac6a34000047 | factoid | Which JAK (Janus kinase) inhibitor is approved for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis? | [
"Tofacitinib (or CP690.550) is an oral JAK (Janus kinase) inhibitor that is approved for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Tofacitinib inhibits JAK family kinase members, in particular JAK1 and JAK3, achieving a broad limitation of inflammation by interfering with several cytokine receptors. Tofacitinib has also a... | [
"tofacitinib"
] | [
"Tofacitinib: The First Janus Kinase (JAK) inhibitor for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.",
"Tofacitinib is the first oral Janus kinase inhibitor indicated for treatment of moderate to severe RA.",
"Preclinical to clinical translation of tofacitinib, a Janus kinase inhibitor, in rheumatoid arthritis.",
... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19587388",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20732649",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22374445",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24013646",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19565475",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22777068",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001172",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/JAK2_PIG",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/JAK2_MOUSE",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/JAK2_RAT",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/JAK2_HUMAN",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/JAK3_H... |
57167625cb4ef8864c000006 | summary | Which is the mechanism used for synthesis of a highly functional N-truncated dystrophin isoform that attenuates dystrophinopathy? | [
"Translation from a DMD exon 5 IRES results in a functional dystrophin isoform that attenuates dystrophinopathy in humans and mice",
"Alternative translation initiation beginning in DMD exon 6 with the use of an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) within exon 5 that is glucocorticoid inducible leads to expression... | [] | [
"Translation from a DMD exon 5 IRES results in a functional dystrophin isoform that attenuates dystrophinopathy in humans and mice",
"amelioration of disease severity has been shown to result from alternative translation initiation beginning in DMD exon 6 that leads to expression of a highly functional N-truncate... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25108525"
] | [] | [] |
52d2818403868f1b06000033 | list | Which are the newly identified DNA nucleases that can be used to treat thalassemia? | [
"Thalassemia is genetic diseases of the blood caused by mutations in the globin gene. Main goal for thalassemia treatment is to develop homologous recombination based gene therapy in order to cure these diseases. Zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) and TAL effector nucleases (TALENs) are proper targets for the human glob... | [
"TALEN",
"Transcription activator-like effector nucleases",
"Crispr/CAS",
"zinc-finger nucleases"
] | [
"Transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN) and zinc finger nuclease (ZFN) DNA editing technology enables site-directed engineering of the genome",
"We used this opportunity to evaluate the effect of total donor homology on transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN) mediated bi-allelic mod... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24305179",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24286287",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24323919",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24305403",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24299737",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24211574",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
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},
{
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"s": "http://purl.uniprot.org/keywords/540",
"o": "Nuclease"
},
{
"p": "http:... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001483",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0004523",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0008821",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:... |
56cf27293975bb303a000003 | yesno | Does ziconotide bind to N-type calcium channels? | [
"Yes, ziconotide/omega-conotoxin MVIIA blocks N-type calcium channels."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Since this region partially overlaps with residues previously implicated in block of the channel by omega-conotoxin GVIA, we assessed the effects of mutations in the putative EF hand domain on channel block by omega-conotoxin GVIA and the structurally related omega-conotoxin MVIIA. Both of the toxins irreversibly ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11279062",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16831862",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16225359",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22608964",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20413151",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25456079",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020864"
] |
571e2beabb137a4b0c000006 | factoid | How is OCT3 associated with serotonin? | [
"OCT3 plays a role in serotonin clearance"
] | [
"serotonin clearance"
] | [
"The organic cation transporter 3 (OCT3) is a widely expressed transporter for endogenous and exogenous organic cations. Of particular interest is OCT3 expression and function in the brain, where it plays a role in serotonin clearance and influences mood and behavior. ",
"Interestingly, OCT3 mRNA is however also ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20402963",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19033200",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19280114",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19025979",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21636115",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24618127",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4274509",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012701",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#:4274509",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/OCT3_ARATH"
] |
54ede5a494afd61504000005 | summary | What constitutes an increased risk for individuals with Fanconi anemia? | [
"Fanconi anemia is a rare genetic disorder associated with an increased risk of leukemias and solid tumors."
] | [] | [
"Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by a greatly increased risk of cancer among those diagnosed with the syndrome",
"Fanconi anaemia (FA) is an inherited condition characterised by congenital and developmental abnormalities and a strong cancer predisposition",
"Fanconi anemi... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22965917",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24259538",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1084238",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10994546",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21279724",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21355096",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D051856",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:13636",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005199",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:1062"
] |
52f77f892059c6d71c00002c | yesno | Is stop codon bypass possible? | [
"In 1999, proof-of-concept for treating these disorders was obtained in a mouse model of muscular dystrophy, when administration of aminoglycosides restored protein translation by inducing the ribosome to bypass a PTC.\nAminoglycosides can bypass nonsense mutations and are the prototypic agents for translational by... | [
"yes"
] | [
"In 1999, proof-of-concept for treating these disorders was obtained in a mouse model of muscular dystrophy, when administration of aminoglycosides restored protein translation by inducing the ribosome to bypass a PTC.",
"Aminoglycosides can bypass nonsense mutations and are the prototypic agents for translationa... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17961216",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2010914",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21969101",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18809619",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23083810",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17187982",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [
{
"p": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core/encodedBy",
"s": "http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q05611",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/#_51303536313100D"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#prefLabel",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/#_51303536313100D",
"o": "BSC2"
... | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/BSC1_YEAST",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D018387",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/BSC2_YEAST",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D018388",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
56e5b445edfc094c1f000001 | yesno | Is the protein β1-integrin recycled? | [
"Yes, the β1-integrin is recycled."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Pathways selectively regulating β1-integrin recycling are implicated in cancer invasion and metastasis,",
"integrin-positive early and recycling endosomes ",
"LPA-induced recycling of β1 integrin,",
"RCP-mediated recycling of α5β1 integrin ",
"CycD1 overexpression increased β1 integrin recycling ",
"inhi... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23264734",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22454518",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24036548",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24887021",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25344254",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26256210",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
55032179e9bde6963400002e | yesno | Are BBS mutations involved in syndromic Hirschsprung disease? | [
"In 3 families with Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) and Hirschsprung disease (HSCR), concomitant mutations in BBS genes and regulatory RET elements have been identified. Analysis of the data suggests that BBS mutations can potentiate HSCR predisposing RET alleles, which by themselves are insufficient to cause disease."... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Epistasis between RET and BBS mutations modulates enteric innervation and causes syndromic Hirschsprung disease",
"Here, we report 3 families with BBS and HSCR with concomitant mutations in BBS genes and regulatory RET elements, whose functionality is tested in physiologically relevant assays. Our data suggest t... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19666486"
] | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:10487"
] |
5708a845cf1c32585100000f | factoid | Which signaling pathway is activating the dishevelled proteins? | [
"Dishevelled (Xdsh) controls cell fate via canonical Wnt signaling"
] | [
"Wnt signaling"
] | [
"Wnt signaling is known to be important for diverse embryonic and post-natal cellular events and be regulated by the proteins Dishevelled and Axin. Although Dishevelled is activated by Wnt and involved in signal transduction, it is not clear how Dishevelled-mediated signaling is turned off. ",
"The Dishevelled pr... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25358879",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15936275",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19561403"
] | [] | [] |
51405cd123fec90375000005 | factoid | Which is the defective protein causing the lysosomal storage disease Fabry? | [
"Anderson-Fabry disease (referred to as Fabry disease) is an X-linked disorder characterized by a deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme alpha-galactosidase A and the subsequent accumulation in various tissues of globotriaosylceramide (Gb(3)), the main substrate of the defective enzyme."
] | [
"alpha-galactosidase A"
] | [
"The lysosomal storage disorder Fabry disease is characterized by excessive globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) accumulation in major organs such as the heart and kidney. Defective lysosomal alpha-galactosidase A (Gla) is responsible for excessive Gb3 accumulation, and one cell sensitive to the effects of Gb3 accumulation ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19202000",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9323559",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15533650",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19146893",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15702403",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9395081"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008247",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:3211",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016464",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=00057... |
5311ceeae3eabad021000008 | yesno | Is there any software for automated analysis of immuno-histochemistry images? | [
"In some studies of breast cancer, quantitation of immunohistochemically highlighted microvessel ‘hot spots’ has been shown to be a powerful prognostic tool. However, the antibody used, the number and size of the ‘hot spots’ assessed, and the stratification of patients into high and low vascular groups vary between... | [
"yes"
] | [
"The LIM homeobox gene Lhx2 is expressed in cortical progenitors during development and also in the superficial layers of the neocortex in maturity. However, analysis of Lhx2 function at later stages of cortical development has been hampered by severe phenotypes associated with early loss of function. ",
"The vei... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21818782",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23625497",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22114700",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20663194",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20588996",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24003130",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A2864120",
"o": "NJW"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#literalForm",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A2864120",
"o": "CONTROL MATERIAL, HER-2/NEU, IM... | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:4943",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/HCP_ECOSE",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GFP_AEQVI",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D007150",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exac... |
56f555b609dd18d46b000007 | yesno | Is TALEN being used on stem cells? | [
"Yes, TALEN is being used on stem cells for genome editing."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Precise correction of the dystrophin gene in duchenne muscular dystrophy patient induced pluripotent stem cells by TALEN and CRISPR-Cas9.",
"Genetic correction of patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by TALENs or CRISPR-Cas9 holds promise for DMD gene therapy; however, the safety of such nuclea... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24305178",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24206569",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25245091",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25408877",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24155235",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24319658",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A0036575",
"o": "D013234"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A0119455",
"o": "D013234"
},
{
"p": "... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013234",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002477"
] |
52f8a7eb2059c6d71c000052 | yesno | Is there an association between bruxism and reflux | [
"There is an association between bruxism and reflux."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Rhythmic masticatory muscle activity, including sleep bruxism (SB), can be induced in healthy individuals by experimental esophageal acidification, which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). However, no robust evidence supports the association between SB and GERD."... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15520695",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19089153",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23738993",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23937680",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24011800",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14655925",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D057045",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004942",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002012",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
52f385052059c6d71c000011 | summary | what is the role of IGF-1 in cardiac regeneration after myocardial infarction? | [
"Ischemia-reperfusion injury is a strong stimulus for both global and focal cardiomyocyte progenitor cell marker up-regulations, correlating to the endogenous up-regulation of IGF-1. Furthermore, in an animal model of myocardial infarction, intracoronary administration of IGF-1 is shown to reduce pathological cardi... | [] | [
"In conclusion, ischemia-reperfusion injury was the strongest stimulus with both global and focal cardiomyocyte progenitor cell marker up-regulations, correlating to the endogenous up-regulation of the growth factors IGF-1 and HGF. Also pregnancy induced a general up-regulation of c-Kit and early Nkx2.5+ cardiomyoc... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22403243",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21546606",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15951423",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9329962",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21621517",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17525368",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009203",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012038",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D007334"
] |
52f88a062059c6d71c000032 | summary | What is known about prostate cancer screening in the UK | [
"Screening for early disease has been available for many years, but there is still no national screening programme established in the United Kingdom. Two systematic reviews have concluded that screening should not be carried out. In general, this recommendation has been accepted in the United Kingdom."
] | [] | [
"Introduction of PSA screening will increase total healthcare costs for prostate cancer substantially, of which the actual screening costs will be a small part.",
"The vast majority of citizens in nine European countries systematically overestimate the benefits of mammography and PSA screening. In the countries i... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11495383",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20507844",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20840664",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19904272",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19671770",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20060331",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011471",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D006113",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D055088"
] |
53443b13aeec6fbd0700000e | yesno | Can a peptide aptamer be used as protein inhibitor? | [
"Yes, peptide aptamers can be used as inhibitors."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Peptide aptamers of LIM-only protein 2 (Lmo2) were previously used to successfully treat Lmo2-induced tumours in a mouse model of leukaemia.",
"Inhibition of mammalian cell proliferation by genetically selected peptide aptamers that functionally antagonize E2F activity.",
"Accumulating work over the past decad... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20842131",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21296653",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22811618",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22956136",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17917077",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16581027",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A8405672",
"o": "D052158"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#altLabel",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/id/C1567956",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resourc... | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/INH_BPT4",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D010455",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011500",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D... |
571cd9537de986d80d00000e | list | List inflammatory caspase proteins? | [
"caspase-1\ncaspase-4\ncaspase-5"
] | [
"caspase-1",
"caspase-4",
"caspase-5"
] | [
" In addition to identifying caspases-4 and -5 as potential targets for limiting intestinal inflammation, this study has identified epithelial-expressed caspases-4 and -5 as biomarkers with diagnostic and therapeutic potential in CRC.",
"However, the involvement of two related inflammatory caspase members, caspas... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21051981",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20401526",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22195746",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23215645",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19927353",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24280500",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
553c994af32186855800000b | list | List invertebrates where ultraconserved elements have been identified. | [
"Ultraconserved elements have been identified in the following genomes of invertebrates: tunicates, diptera, worm and yeast."
] | [
"tunicates",
"diptera",
"worm",
"yeast"
] | [
"Highly conserved elements discovered in vertebrates are present in non-syntenic loci of tunicates",
"To trace the history of non-coding elements, which may represent candidate ancestral cis-regulatory modules affirmed during chordate evolution, we have searched for conserved elements in tunicate and vertebrate (... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16024819",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23217155",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16697139",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15899965",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18514361",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17114937",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D007448"
] |
5503133ae9bde6963400001d | factoid | Which gene is most commonly associated with severe congenital and cyclic neutropenia? | [
"Neutrophil elastase gene (ELANE) mutations are responsible for the majority of cases of severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) and cyclic neutropenia (CN).",
"Cyclic neutropenia (CN) and severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) are disorders of neutrophil production that differ markedly in disease severity. Mutations of... | [
"The neutrophil elastase gene (ELANE)"
] | [
"Neutrophil elastase gene (ELANE) mutations are responsible for the majority of cases of severe congenital neutropenia (CN) and cyclic neutropenia (CyN)",
"We screened CN (n = 395) or CyN (n = 92) patients for ELANE mutations and investigated the impact of mutations on mRNA expression, protein expression, and act... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20582973",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19057199",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12483111",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17761833",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23463630",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19415009",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:0050590"
] |
530b7ae4970c65fa6b00000b | summary | what is the role of TGFbeta in cardiac regeneration after myocardial injury? | [
"TGFβ is activated in the myocardium in response to injury and plays a crucial role in cardiac repair by suppressing inflammation while promoting myofibroblast phenotypic modulation and extracellular matrix deposition. In fact, upregulation of TGF-beta signaling promotes the formation of a myofibroblast-like phenot... | [] | [
"Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta plays a crucial role in cardiac repair by suppressing inflammation while promoting myofibroblast phenotypic modulation and extracellular matrix deposition.",
"We then performed a chemical screen and identified several small molecules that increase or reduce cardiomyocyte pro... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21611174",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23293297",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22982064",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22765842",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23166366",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23270300",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016212",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D006321",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D006335",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
54e061ee1388e8454a00000c | list | List two chemotherapeutic agents that are used for treatment of Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma | [
"Everolimus and rapamycin are chemotherapeutic agents that are used for treatment of Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma."
] | [
"everolimus",
"rapamycin"
] | [
"Everolimus has been approved by the FDA and the EMA for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC), subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA) associated with tuberous sclerosis (TSC), pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNET), in combination with exemestane in advanced hormone-receptor (HR)-positive, HER2... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24667713",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23689226",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23567018",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24276039",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24293099",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24143074",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
56e83a2342442bac75000001 | yesno | Are integrins part of the extracellular matrix? | [
"Yes, \tintegrins are a central family of extracellular matrix receptors."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Several constituents of the ECM provide adhesive cues, which serve as binding sites for cell trans-membrane receptors, such as integrins.",
"We also determined that blocking β1integrins, the major class of receptors for all ECM proteins tested,",
"Here, we elucidate a cross-scale mechanism for tissue assembly ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25220424",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26029690",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25759527",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26096733",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24965068",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26067407",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
54c26e29f693c3b16b000003 | yesno | Is Calcium homeostasis important in cardiac physiology and pathophysiology? | [
"Calcium homeostasis is very important in cardiac physiology and pathophysiology. Maintenance of cellular calcium homeostasis is critical to regulating cardiac contraction. Abnormalities in calcium homeostasis underlie cardiac arrhythmia, contractile dysfunction and cardiac remodelling."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Maintenance of cellular calcium homeostasis is critical to regulating mitochondrial ATP production and cardiac contraction. ",
"the Ca(2+) signal regulates the most important activities of the cell, from the expression of genes, to heart and muscle contraction and other motility processes, to diverse metabolic p... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23595672",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21750914",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22137362",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24657282",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19678847",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22707075",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0003301",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4277675",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0055074",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0042592"
] |
553d061cf321868558000013 | list | List available databases containing information about conserved noncoding elements. | [
"Ancora and TFCONES."
] | [
"Ancora",
"TFCONES"
] | [
"Ancora: a web resource for exploring highly conserved noncoding elements and their association with developmental regulatory genes",
" We describe Ancora http://ancora.genereg.net, a web resource that provides data and tools for exploring genomic organization of HCNEs for multiple genomes. Ancora includes a geno... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18279518",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18045502"
] | [] | [] |
569e731cca240fa209000003 | factoid | What was the purpose of the FANTOM5 project? | [
"The functional annotation of the mammalian genome 5 (FANTOM5) project provides comprehensive expression profiles and functional annotation of mammalian cell-type-specific transcriptomes with wide applications in biomedical research. The FANTOM5 and ENCODE projects represent two independent large scale efforts to m... | [
"To provide comprehensive expression profiles and functional annotation of mammalian cell-type-specific transcriptomes with wide applications in biomedical research."
] | [
"The FANTOM5 and ENCODE projects represent two independent large scale efforts to map regulatory and transcriptional features to the human genome.",
"The functional annotation of the mammalian genome 5 (FANTOM5) project provides comprehensive expression profiles and functional annotation of mammalian cell-type-sp... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24669905",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24670763",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24670764"
] | [] | [] |
55152c2946478f2f2c000005 | yesno | Is the gene DUX4 epigenetically regulated in somatic cells? | [
"The human double-homeodomain retrogene DUX4 is expressed in the testis and epigenetically repressed in somatic tissues. Recent studies provide evidence that DUX4 is expressed in the human germline and then epigenetically silenced in somatic cells.",
"Yes, the human double-homeodomain retrogene DUX4 is expressed... | [
"yes"
] | [
"There are several genes on chromosome 4q35 region including DUX4 within D4Z4 repeats. Transcription of these genes is usually repressed by epigenetic modifications of this chromosomal region and also accumulation of transcriptional repressors to the repeat array.",
"Recent studies provide compelling evidence tha... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23969240",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22522912",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23196547",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23272181",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24278031",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21288772",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A16475868",
"o": "C532958"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#prefLabel",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/id/C2607370",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resou... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D063185",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D044127",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0040029",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_... |
513832a75274a5fb07000012 | summary | What is the function of the mammalian gene Irg1? | [
"Human IRG1 and mouse Irg1 mediates antiviral and antimicrobial immune responses, without its exact role having been elucidated. Irg1 has been suggested to have a role in apoptosis and to play a significant role in embryonic implantation. Irg1 is reported as the mammalian ortholog of methylcitrate dehydratase."
] | [] | [
"IRG1 is highly upregulated in murine ANA-1 macrophages by several proinflammatory cytokines and Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists, as well as in spleen and lung of Listeria monocytogenes or Toxoplasma gondii infected mice, respectively",
"The proinflammatory cytokine-induced IRG1 protein associates with mitochon... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19014335",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12893884",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21424586",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21865384",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16415166",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23455712",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/IRG1_MOUSE"
] |
56f553aa09dd18d46b000005 | yesno | Have hESC been tested for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration? | [
"Yes, human embryonic stem cell (hESC) therapies are being assessed for age-related macular degeneration (AMD)."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Development of human embryonic stem cell therapies for age-related macular degeneration",
"In this review, we describe recent approaches to develop cell-based therapies for the treatment of AMD. Recent research has focused on replacing the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), a monolayer of cells vital to photorece... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22281388",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19521979",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20709808",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22514096",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23601133",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25273541"
] | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:4448",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008268",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:10871"
] |
52b2e409f828ad283c00000e | factoid | What disease in Loxapine prominently used for? | [
"The best indication of loxapine is paranoid schizophrenia."
] | [
"schizophrenia"
] | [
"To describe the frequency and trends in the use of antipsychotics for adults with schizophrenia in Canada from 2005 to 2009.",
"Antipsychotic recommendations were estimated using CDTI data in which schizophrenia was listed as the indication. RESULTS: First-generation antipsychotic (FGA) recommendations for adult... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22014696",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7914051"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008152",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4090321",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4274767",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4122154"
] |
5325b0419b2d7acc7e000026 | summary | What is the systemic nickel allergy syndrome? | [
"A severe form of this allergy is the Systemic nickel allergy syndrome, clinically characterized by cutaneous manifestions (contact dermatitis, pompholyx, hand dermatitis dyshydrosis, urticaria) with chronic course and systemic symptoms (headache, asthenia, itching, and gastrointestinal disorders related to histopa... | [] | [
"patients with \"systemic nickel allergy syndrome\" (SNAS), characterized by Ni-allergic contact dermatitis and systemic reactions after eating Ni-rich food.",
"Systemic (gastrointestinal and skin) reactions to ingestion of nickel rich foods in patients with nickel allergic contact dermatitis characterize Systemi... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22217998",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22652902",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24067467",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24256166",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23405604",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21658331",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009532",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005512"
] |
56c1f040ef6e394741000055 | factoid | Which antibodies cause Riedel thyroiditis? | [
"Riedel thyroiditis (Immunoglobulin G4-related thyroid disease) is caused by IgG4 antibodies. It is part of the spectrum of Ig4-related sclerosing disease.\nIt is associated with fibrosis and inflammation of the thyroid gland."
] | [
"IgG4"
] | [
"LEARNING POINTS: There are potential clinical applications of identifying subsets of patients with IgG4 thyroiditis (FVHT and Riedel thyroiditis).",
"The importance of IgG4 in the predictive model of thyroiditis.",
"Increased lymphangiogenesis in Riedel thyroiditis (Immunoglobulin G4-related thyroid disease)."... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25011997",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26273473",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22210556",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24783026",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25224542",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21881964",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:7188",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013966",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000906",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:7166"
] |
5179602c8ed59a060a00003d | list | What are the effects of ILK ablation? | [
"Depending on the tissue or cell where ILK is ablated we see different effects:\nAblation of ILK in heart results in dilated cardiomyopathy and spontaneous heart failure\nAblation of ILK in fibroblasts leads to impaired healing due to a severe reduction in the number of myofibroblasts\nAblation of ILK in osteoclast... | [
"Ablation of ILK in heart results in dilated cardiomyopathy and spontaneous heart failure",
"Ablation of ILK in fibroblasts leads to impaired healing due to a severe reduction in the number of myofibroblasts",
"Ablation of ILK in osteoclasts inhibits bone resorption",
"Ablation of ILK in liver results in enha... | [
"ILK knockdown had no effect on the viability or survival pathway activity pattern of MM cells.",
"We conclude that ILK does not play a prominent role in the promotion or sustenance of established MM.",
"Defective granulation tissue formation in mice with specific ablation of integrin-linked kinase in fibroblas... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19575460",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19920070",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16951252",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19349584",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16837631",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20564195",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ILK_MOUSE",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D055011",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ILK_HUMAN"
] |
554614bcd355485447000004 | yesno | Does d-tubocurarine (d-TC) induces irreversible inhibition of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) at the neuromuscular junction? | [
"The d-tubocurarine is a nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent (nondepolarizing muscle relaxant - NDMR). The nondepolarizing muscle relaxants act by blocking the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors of the neuromuscular junction. The neuromuscular blocking action of tubocurarine is reversible and concentration-... | [
"no"
] | [
"An integrated model describing the interaction of nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents with reversible anticholinesterase agents is derived and compared with a naive model using experimental data obtained from four anesthetized dogs. Three consecutive but separate steady-state d-tubocurarine blocks (appro... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9788777",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16931985",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9291508",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6141831",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2611499",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11867382",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.g... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0015464",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4273076",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0005892",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011978",
"http://www.nlm.ni... |
56c1f043ef6e394741000057 | list | Which receptors are bound by Tasimelteon? | [
"Tasimelteon (HETLIOZ™) is an orally bioavailable agonist of the melatonin MT1 and MT2 receptors that has been approved in the US for the treatment of non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder."
] | [
"MT1",
"MT2"
] | [
"We present here data on the in vitro binding affinity of tasimelteon for both human melatonin receptors MT1 and MT2, as well as the extended screen of other receptors and enzymes. Results indicate that tasimelteon is a potent Dual Melatonin Receptor Agonist (DMRA) with 2.1-4.4 times greater affinity for the MT2 re... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25423562",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25534555",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24610704",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25207602",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19579175",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24228714",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
54f4b319d0d681a040000005 | yesno | Is zyxin a focal adhesion protein? | [
"Yes, zyxin is a focal adhesion protein."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
" zyxin from FAs",
"zyxin relocation from focal adhesions ",
". Here we systematically examined the expression, localization, and function of zyxin, a focal adhesion protein",
"focal adhesion protein zyxin",
"Focal adhesions formed in the absence of α-actinins are delayed in their maturation, exhibit altere... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22553491",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23454549",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23336069",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19853601",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23742986",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23267329",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core/classifiedWith",
"s": "http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/A5H447",
"o": "http://purl.uniprot.org/keywords/130"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label",
"s": "http://purl.uniprot.org/keywords/130",
"o": "Cell adhesion"
},
{
"p": "ht... | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ZYX_CHICK",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0051894",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ZYX_HUMAN",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D060589",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_de... |
56c2fbd91e69116444000001 | summary | What is the role of ELMO1 gene in cell migration? | [
"ELMO proteins are also known to regulate actin cytoskeleton reorganization through activation of the small GTPbinding protein Rac via the ELMO-Dock180 complex. In mammalian cells, ELMO1 interacts with Dock180 as a component of the CrkII/Dock180/Rac pathway responsible for phagocytosis and cell migration. We also ... | [] | [
"Elmo1 helps dock180 to regulate Rac1 activity and cell migration of ovarian cancer",
"Engulfment and cell motility 1 (Elmo1) has been reported to cooperate with dedicator of cytokinesis 1 (Dock180) and to be linked to the invasive phenotype of cancer cells through activating small G-protein Rac",
"Engulfment a... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11595183",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22503503",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24819662",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23591873",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16377631",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20466982",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ELMO1_HUMAN",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016477"
] |
5507fc114b2a315d41000003 | summary | What is the biological role of K-48 linked protein ubiquitination? | [
"The proteasome, which identifies and destroys unwanted proteins rapidly, plays a vital role in maintaining cellular protein homeostasis. Proteins that are destined for proteasome-mediated degradation are usually tagged with a chain of ubiquitin linked via lysine (K) 48 that targets them to the proteolytic machiner... | [] | [
"On the LCV, AnkB triggers docking of K(48)-linked polyubiquitinated proteins that are degraded by the host proteasomes to elevate cellular levels of amino acids needed for intracellular proliferation. ",
"Transcription and injection of ankB is triggered by attached extracellular bacteria followed by rapid farnes... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22389394",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20696248",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19432818",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15728425",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19887490",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24126522"
] | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0016567"
] |
5162e9df298dcd4e5100004b | yesno | Could DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferases serve as tumour markers? | [
"Yes. It has been demonstrated in a number of experimental studies that DNA (Cytosine-5-)-methyltransferases (DNMT1, DNMT3A and DNMT3B) are deregulated in several types of cancer (invasive cervical cancer, colon cancer, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), gastric cancer, embryonal carcinoma, cervical cancer,... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Here, we report evidence of the overexpression of DNA methyltransferases 3B (DNMT3B) in invasive cervical cancer and of the inhibition of metastasis by DNMT3B interference.",
"This study was designed to determine the significance of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) in DNA hypermethylation in esophageal squamous ce... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21993668",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22490330",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19468253",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18639561",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15854288",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21045206",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004248"
] |
56f24fec2ac5ed1459000015 | list | Which RNA polymerase is used for the replication of viroids? | [
"DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II of plant origin transcribes viroid RNA into full-length copies",
"DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II purified from healthy plant tissue is capable of synthesizing linear (-)-viroid RNA copies of full length from (+)-viroid RNA templates in vitro. The RNA genome of potato spindle tube... | [
"DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II",
"RNA polymerase II",
"RNAP II"
] | [
"DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II of plant origin transcribes viroid RNA into full-length copies",
"DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II purified from healthy plant tissue is capable of synthesizing linear (-)-viroid RNA copies of full length from (+)-viroid RNA templates in vitro.",
"Viroid RNA is accepted as a temp... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11713308",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6896006",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1733098",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10664390",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10668797",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6760914",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012313",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D014772"
] |
5318380bb166e2b806000013 | list | List Parkin binding partners | [
"HSP90\nCDC37\nGRP75\nHSP60\nLRPPRC\nTUFM\nPICK1\nPSMA7\nPael receptor"
] | [
"HSP90",
"CDC37",
"GRP75",
"HSP60",
"LRPPRC",
"TUFM",
"PICK1",
"PSMA7",
"XAPC7",
"Pael receptor"
] | [
"In addition to two known binding partners (HSP90, CDC37), 12 proteins were identified using the TAP assay; four of which are mitochondrially localized (GRP75, HSP60, LRPPRC, and TUFM).",
"We find that parkin binds PICK1 via a PDZ-mediated interaction, which predominantly promotes PICK1 monoubiquitination rather ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21437181",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20064468",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18623069",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24244333",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15987638",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14579121",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PRKN2_HUMAN"
] |
54e1bdacae9738404b000009 | factoid | What is generic name of drug Adempas? | [
"Riociguat is generic name of drug Adempas. It is a soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator that was approved for the treatment of patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary arterial hypertension."
] | [
"riociguat"
] | [
"Riociguat (adempas): a novel agent for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.",
"Riociguat (Adempas): a novel agent for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.",
"Riociguat (Adempas(®)), a s... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24218053",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25395817",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25352393",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24391396",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24524094"
] | [] | [] |
515d71ee298dcd4e5100000b | summary | What is known about Vancomycin dosing in neonates? | [
"Staphylococcus epidermis, including methicillin-resistant strains, are inhibited by vancomycin concentrations of 1-4 µg/ml. \nStaphylococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumonia, and Streptococcus viridans are susceptible to 2 µg/ml vancomycin. \nBacillus spp. are inhibited by 2 µg/ml, Corynebacterium spp. by 0.04-3.... | [] | [
"Monte Carlo simulations based on our population pharmacokinetic model suggest that vancomycin dosing guidelines based on serum creatinine concentration have a greater likelihood of achieving trough concentrations in the 5-15-mg/L range compared with other evaluated dosing regimens. None of the four dosing regimens... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21862473",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22488303",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3991250",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11378679",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21455009",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10801244",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4272288",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4272290",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D014640",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4022642",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4145076",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/me... |
56f146db2ac5ed145900000f | factoid | Is single guide RNA part of the CRISPR/Cas9 tool or an inhibitor of its function? | [
"Single guide RNA is part of the CRISPR/Cas9 system."
] | [
"Single guide RNA is part of the CRISPR/Cas9 system."
] | [
"Cas9, an RNA-guided DNA endonuclease found in clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) bacterial immune systems, is a versatile tool for genome editing, transcriptional regulation, and cellular imaging applications. Structures of Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 alone or bound to single-guide ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25122746",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25048165",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25731961",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24870050",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23907171",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25713377",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CAS9_NEIMA",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CAS9_CAMJE",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CAS9_FRATN",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CAS9_STRTR",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CAS9_ACTNH",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CAS9_NEIM8",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CA... |
5321bc309b2d7acc7e00000d | factoid | What is the target protein of the drug Idelalisib? | [
"Idelalisib represents a first-in-class specific inhibitor of the phosphoinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) delta isoform."
] | [
"PI3K-δ",
"phosphoinositol-3 kinase delta isoform"
] | [
" PI3Kδ (idelalisib). ",
"Idelalisib (PI3K inhibitor) ",
"In the last few years, several classes of potent and selective small molecule PI3K inhibitors have been developed, and at least fifteen compounds have progressed into clinical trials as new anticancer drugs. Among these, idelalisib",
" idelalisib repre... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24261963",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24009233",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24085367",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23847354",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24323900",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24014301",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011955",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004364"
] |
51588bb2d24251bc05000091 | factoid | Which antiepileptic drug is most strongly associated with spina bifida? | [
"Phenytoin is not used in pregnancy as it is associated with a severe fetal deformation. From the other anticonvulsants most studies report the higher association between use during pregnancy and spin bifida to occur with Valproate."
] | [
"Valproate"
] | [
"The teratogenicity of antiepilepsy drug valproic acid (VPA) mostly is found in genetic and somatic levels, causing teratogenesis involving neurotubular defects (NTDs), anencephaly, lumbosacral meningomyelocele, and leg dysfunction due to spina bifida aperta.",
"The summary odds ratio estimate for the association... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10339792",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3939491",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21766433",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8075508",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23082254",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22051200",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:0080016",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000927"
] |
571cdd227de986d80d00000f | factoid | Which bacteria caused plague? | [
"Yersinia pestis is the causative bacteria of the plague."
] | [
"Yersinia pestis"
] | [
" the causative bacteria Yersinia pestis as an agent of biological warfare have highlighted the need for a safe, efficacious, and rapidly producible vaccine. ",
"Yersinia, the causative bacteria of the bubonic plague and other enteric diseases"
] | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8052312",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16410352"
] | [] | [] |
54f9b74306d9727f76000004 | factoid | The drug JTV519 is derivative of which group of chemical compounds? | [
"The 1,4-benzothiazepine derivative JTV-519 is a new type of calcium ion channel modulator.JTV-519, which has potential use as an antiarrhythmic [285800]. The drug is a novel cardioprotectant derivative of 1,4-benzothiazepine for which phase I trials were completed in the third quarter of 1998",
"JTV519 (K201), i... | [
"1,4-benzothiazepine",
"benzothiazepine"
] | [
"In these conditions, JTV519 (K201), a 1,4-benzothiazepine derivative and multi-channel blocker, stabilizes RyR2s and decrease SR Ca²⁺ leak.",
"The 1,4-benzothiazepine derivative JTV519, and the more specific derivative S107 (2,3,4,5,-tetrahydro-7-methoxy-4-methyl-1,4-benzothiazepine), are thought to improve skel... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11429046",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11757794",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21989257",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10683355",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15073377",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12433661",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=chemicals_and_drugs_category",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004339"
] |
53440d2caeec6fbd07000004 | factoid | Is the long non- coding RNA malat-1 up or downregulated in cancer? | [
"Malat-1 expression is upregulated in several tumor types"
] | [
"upregulated"
] | [
"lncRNA MALAT-1 expression is upregulated in some tumors.",
"Metastasis-Associated-in-Lung-Adenocarcinoma-Transcript-1 (MALAT-1) is an ncRNA that is highly expressed in several tumor types",
"metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript (MALAT)-1 is known to be consistently upregulated in several epithe... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16441420",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23726266",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22722759",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15552795",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24163781",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18006640",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:162",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D062085",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D022661"
] |
530c7f52970c65fa6b000010 | factoid | Oxantel is used for periodontitis treatment. How does it work? | [
"Oxantel, a cholinergic anthelmintic and fumarate reductase inhibitor, significantly inhibited biofilm formation by P. gingivalis and disrupted established biofilms."
] | [
"Oxantel disrupts polymicrobial biofilm"
] | [
"Oxantel disrupts polymicrobial biofilm development of periodontal pathogens",
"he anthelmintic drug oxantel has been shown to inhibit fumarate reductase (Frd) activity in some pathogenic bacteria and inhibit P. gingivalis homotypic biofilm formation.",
"Oxantel, a cholinergic anthelmintic and fumarate reductas... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20038616",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24165189"
] | [
{
"p": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/registryNumber",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/oxantel",
"o": "36531-26-7"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/oxantel",
"o": "oxantel... | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4251142",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:824",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D010518"
] |
56e6dfc2edfc094c1f000003 | factoid | What is apelin? | [
"Apelin, a small regulatory peptide, is the endogenous ligand for the apelin receptor (APJ) receptor."
] | [
"Apelin, a small regulatory peptide, is the endogenous ligand for the apelin receptor (APJ) receptor."
] | [
"Apelin, a small regulatory peptide, is the endogenous ligand for the apelin receptor (APJ) receptor.",
"Apelin is an adipocyte-derived hormone that plays important roles in energy metabolism.",
"Apelin, as the endogenous ligand of G protein-coupled receptor APJ, participates in a number of physiological and pa... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25668242",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25362565",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25486928",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25711427",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25931124",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25965959",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
531d744c267d7dd053000009 | factoid | What is the function of the protein encoded by the gene PABPC4? | [
"The main function of PABPC4 is in mRNA stability and translation initiation. PABPC4 may also play a role in chronic inflammation and in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer."
] | [
"PABC4 is important for mRNA stability and translation initiation, in chronic inflammation and in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer."
] | [
"In testis mRNA stability and translation initiation are extensively under the control of poly(A)-binding proteins (PABP).",
"Taken together, our findings indicate that PABPC4 may play a role in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer.",
"Consistent with these biochemical activities, plus corresponding histologic... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23938467",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22884093",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21300955",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23300856",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22530058",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21940797",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core/reviewed",
"s": "http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/P21187",
"o": "true"
},
{
"p": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core/shortName",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/#_5032313138370015",
"o": "Poly(A)-binding protein"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org... | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0006378",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D026723",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PABP_DROME",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002352",
"ht... |
55241f9e2c8b63434a000004 | factoid | What kind of enzyme is encoded by the proto-oncogene ABL1? | [
"ABL-family proteins comprise one of the best conserved branches of the tyrosine kinases. Each ABL protein contains an SH3-SH2-TK (Src homology 3-Src homology 2-tyrosine kinase) domain cassette, which confers autoregulated kinase activity and is common among nonreceptor tyrosine kinases. This cassette is coupled to... | [
"Nonreceptor tyrosine kinase",
"Protein-Tyrosine Kinase"
] | [
"The Abelson (ABL) family of nonreceptor tyrosine kinases, ABL1 and ABL2, transduces diverse extracellular signals to protein networks that control proliferation, survival, migration and invasion. ABL1 was first identified as an oncogene required for the development of leukaemias initiated by retroviruses or chromo... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19794087",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20841568",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12796783",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19290927",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21435002",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23842646",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011519",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011518"
] |
52ee9f55c8da898910000009 | factoid | What is the mode of inheritance of Romano Ward long QT syndrome? | [
"The Romano Ward long QT syndrome (LQTS) has an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance."
] | [
"autosomal dominant"
] | [
"KCNQ1 is associated with two different entities of LQTS, the autosomal-dominant Romano-Ward syndrome (RWS), and the autosomal-recessive Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome (JLNS) characterized by bilateral deafness in addition to cardiac arrhythmias.",
"The Romano Ward long QT syndrome (LQTS) has an autosomal dom... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7994803",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10593671",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9272155",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8098062",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19862833",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15950200",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008133",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D029597",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D040582"
] |
5173b5ea8ed59a060a00001f | summary | Which histone modifications have been associated to alternative splicing? | [
"H3K36m3 has been systematically associated to exon inclusion in almost all published studies. Other marks have been associated as well in specific studies to exon expression, but it can not be concluded that the effect of these marks in exon expression it is not a consequence of their effect in gene expression."
] | [] | [
"We found that several types of histone modifications including H3K36me3 were associated with the inclusion or exclusion of alternative exons. Furthermore, we observed that the levels of H3K36me3 and H3K79me1 in the cell lines were well correlated with the differences in alternative splicing patterns between the ce... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21289049",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20407423",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19687145",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19182803",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20133523",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22242188",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D042421",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D017398"
] |
54da0c524b1fd0d33c00000b | yesno | Is phospholamban phosphorylated by Protein kinase A? | [
"Phospholamban (PLB) is a sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) protein that is phosphorylated at Ser16 by PKA. Phosphorylation of PLB by PKA reverses the inhibitory action of PLB."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) phosphorylation of PLB",
"phosphorylation of PLN, at either Ser(16) by PKA ",
"Activation of cardiac muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2a) by beta1-agonists involves cAMP- and PKA-dependent phosphorylation of phospholamban (PLB), which relieves the inhibitory e... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14577598",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12962492",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15909986",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11502581",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7857766",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19191503",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [] |
54ff106b6ad7dcbc1200000c | yesno | Are there telemedicine applications for chronic pain management? | [
"Yes, telemedicine is feasible and cost-effective for education and therapy of patients with chronic pain.",
"Yes, there are."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"An integrated cognitive-behavioral and physical therapy group protocol has been developed and then implemented at remote sites using videoconferencing technology to provide pain management for veterans. ",
"Tele-pain management: use of videoconferencing technology in the delivery of an integrated cognitive-behav... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23659470",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21375412",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23291270",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22662734",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16691087",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22303839",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
54d8e59f4b1fd0d33c000001 | summary | What is a P-body (processing body)? | [
"Processing bodies (P bodies, PB) are cytoplasmic protein complexes involved in degradation and translational arrest of mRNA."
] | [] | [
" processing (P) bodies, a site for mRNA degradation.",
"processing bodies are RNA-containing granules that contribute to this process by modulating cellular signaling pathways, metabolic machinery, and stress response programs. ",
"translationally repressed mRNAs localize to P-bodies and stress granules where ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25529221",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24918601",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25437551",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24862735",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25514416",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25128566",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0043186",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0000932",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0033962",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0010494"
] |
57169a49cb4ef8864c00000a | summary | What is the mechanism of action of decitabine? | [
"Decitabine reactivates unmethylated p21WAF1 in some AML cell lines but the possible occurrence of p21WAF1 methylation in AML in vivo has not been studied in detail and decitabine effects on p21WAF1 chromatin remodeling have not been reported. We also discuss the following questions: What is the best administration... | [] | [
"The use of the DNA methylation inhibitor decitabine (Dacogen®) has been approved in the treatment of hematological malignancies, and its clinical effects on solid tumors have gained attention.",
"low-dose decitabine and combined therapy show significant improvement in solid tumor treatment.",
"Here, we demonst... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25130173",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25123082",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16043219",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24286424",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16273408",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16585166",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4269908",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#:4269908"
] |
52e92c6e98d0239505000024 | factoid | Which gene is associated with the Mitchell-Riley syndrome? | [
"Mutations in the gene coding for the transcription factor RFX6 (regulatory factor X,6) have been described as the cause of the Mitchell-Riley syndrome."
] | [
"RFX6"
] | [
"Mutations in rfx6 were recently associated with Mitchell-Riley syndrome, which involves neonatal diabetes, and other digestive system defects. ",
"bi-allelic mutations in the transcription factor RFX6 were described as the cause of a rare condition characterized by neonatal diabetes with pancreatic and biliary h... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21215266",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23914949"
] | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#note",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A17467973",
"o": "OMIM"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#prefLabel",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/id/C2748662",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/uml... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004402",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:0050657",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:11589",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:225",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/M... |
513efe01bee46bd34c00000e | yesno | Is paramyxovirus involved in human subacute thyroiditis? | [
"There is no evidence that paramyxovirus are involved in etiology of subacute thyroiditis."
] | [
"no"
] | [
"Most cases of subacute thyroiditis are caused by a variety of viruses, for example, Coxsackie, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, and adenovirus. Influenza immunization or infection may cause subacute thyroiditis.",
"Coxsackie virus has been reported to be one of the viruses associated with the disease.",
"T... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22819125",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1691523",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20960165",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/806773",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16279854",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22459018",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#altLabel",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/diseaseontology/id/DOID:7165",
"o": "Granulomatous thyroiditis"
}
] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013968",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:7165",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D018109",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:7187",
"http://... |
5324cca79b2d7acc7e00001d | list | What are the mobile applications fields of use for patients ? | [
"Weight-loss mobile applications\npediatric obesity prevention and treatment, healthy eating, and physical activity promotion\nA total of 229 dermatology-related apps were identified in the following categories: general dermatology reference (61 [26.6%]), self-surveillance/diagnosis (41 [17.9%]), disease guide (39 ... | [
"weight loss",
"exercise",
"physical activity",
"fitness",
"dermatology",
"alcohol-use behavior change",
"urine flow",
"fluid intake"
] | [
"Evidence-based strategies in weight-loss mobile apps",
"Weight-loss mobile applications (apps) have the potential to be a helpful tool",
"Mobile apps for pediatric obesity prevention and treatment, healthy eating, and physical activity promotion",
"Mobile applications (apps) offer a novel way to engage child... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22942063",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24073184",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24067948",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24139770",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21689119",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23821609",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D063731",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D017216"
] |
56ae67a40a360a5e4500000c | yesno | Is there any link between the aurora B kinase and the polycomb protein ring1B? | [
"Yes. The aurora B kinase and the polycomb protein ring1B combine to regulate active promoters in quiescent lymphocytes."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"The aurora B kinase and the polycomb protein ring1B combine to regulate active promoters in quiescent lymphocytes.",
"We show that the Aurora B kinase and the polycomb protein Ring1B have essential roles in regulating transcriptionally active genes in quiescent lymphocytes. Ring1B and Aurora B bind to a wide ran... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24034696"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D064127",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D064107",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D063146",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/joche... |
54f431d664850a5854000006 | list | Which are the genes responsible for Dyskeratosis Congenita? | [
"To date, 8 genes have been associated with Dyskeratosis Congenita development. These are DKC1, TERC, TERT, NOP10, NHP2, TIN2, C16orf57, and TCAB1. Seven of these are important in telomere maintenance, because either they encode components of the telomerase enzyme complex (DKC1, TERC, TERT, NOP10, NHP2, and TCAB1) ... | [
"DKC1",
"TERC",
"TERT",
"NOP10",
"NHP2",
"TIN2",
"C16orf57",
"TCAB1"
] | [
"Studies over the last 15 years have led to significant advances, with 8 DC genes (DKC1, TERC, TERT, NOP10, NHP2, TIN2, C16orf57, and TCAB1) having been characterized",
"Seven of these are important in telomere maintenance either because they encode components of the telomerase enzyme complex (DKC1, TERC, TERT, N... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10903840",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22160078",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21199492",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20301779",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18989882",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15842668",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:2729"
] |
55376b37bc4f83e82800000b | yesno | Is CD99 encoded by MIC2 gene? | [
"CD99 is a 32-kDa transmembrane glycoprotein that is encoded by the MIC2 gene ",
"CD99 is a transmembrane protein encoded by MIC2 gene. It is involved in multiple cellular functions, including cell adhesion and migration, apoptosis, cell differentiation, and regulation of protein trafficking, in either physiolog... | [
"yes"
] | [
"We report 2 unusual cytogenetic findings in a pediatric Ewing sarcoma, an insertion of the MIC2 gene encoding CD99 from Xp to 10p and a submicroscopic deletion of the well-known tumor supressor gene KLF6",
"We obtained the final diagnosis of ES/PNET by immunohistochemical molecular study with positive staining f... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8399135",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24322504",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17725386",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15978751",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9623916",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10492040",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CD99_HUMAN"
] |
5354f289288f4dae47000008 | list | Name five programs for transcript quantification from RNASeq experiments | [
"Popular programs for transcript quantification from RNASeq experiments include: Cufflinks, RSEM, Flux Capacitor, Mitie, Miso, Tigar, Montebello, Drut, Traph, Pome, IsoformEx, Neuma,"
] | [
"Cufflinks",
"RSEM",
"Flux Capacitor",
"Mitie",
"Miso",
"Tigar",
"Montebello",
"Drut",
"Traph",
"Pome",
"IsoformEx",
"Neuma"
] | [
"Splicing Analysis Kit (Spanki",
"ORMAN ( O ptimal R esolution of M ultimapping A mbiguity of R N A-Seq Reads), which aims to compute the minimum number of potential transcript products for each gene and to assign each multimapping read to one of these transcripts based on the estimated distribution of the region... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20436464",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24209455",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21896509",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23616006",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23888185",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23821651",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D017423"
] |
54d8efb84b1fd0d33c000003 | summary | What are the main characteristics/symptoms of the "Brugada" syndrome | [
"In 1992, Brugada and Brugada first described a new entity, which became known as Brugada syndrome, that is associated with a high risk of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death in patients without structural heart disease. This syndrome is characterized by a distinct electrocardiographic phenotype, type ... | [] | [
"In 1992, Brugada and Brugada first described a new entity, which became known as Brugada syndrome, that is associated with a high risk of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death in patients without structural heart disease. This syndrome is characterized by a distinct electrocardiographic phenotype, type ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23905889",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14671564",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24827804",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25187091",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23669108",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22559801",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:225"
] |
550c3d45a103b78016000008 | factoid | What is the main component of the Lewy bodies? | [
"Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the progressive degeneration of substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) dopaminergic neurones and the formation of Lewy bodies (LB) in a proportion of the remaining neurones. Alpha-synuclein has been identified as the main component of the Lewy bodies.",
"The main compo... | [
"Alpha-synuclein"
] | [
"α-syn is the main component of Lewy bodies in Parkinson's disease (PD) and Lewy body dementia",
"Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases. Majority of PD are sporadic, for which genetic causes remain largely unknown. Alpha-synuclein, the main component of Lewy bodies, plays a... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23300799",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23295909",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15541000",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20534649",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22923347",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11412709",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016631",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:12217",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020961"
] |
515ac941d24251bc050000ab | summary | How does thyroid hormone regulate mitochondrial biogenesis in the myocardium? | [
"T4 increases myocardial mitochondrial bioenergetic capacity, oxygen consumption and markers of mitochondrial biogenesis. The marked, parallel increases in PPARalpha levels suggest its potential involvement in mediating myocardial-specific remodeling of mitochondria in response to T4. T3 induces mitochondrial biog... | [] | [
"L-T3 significantly increased the expression of factors involved in mitochondrial DNA transcription and biogenesis, such as hypoxic inducible factor-1α, mitochondrial transcription factor A and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ coactivator-1α, in the LV peri-infarct zone",
"the T(3)-induced phosphoryla... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15543939",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17962579",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2773621",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12388124",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/215035",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19462004",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/THB_SHEEP",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013963",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/THA_APTPA",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/THB_CAIMO",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D0... |
56ae2fab0a360a5e45000006 | factoid | What is the link between HOT regions and RNA polymerase recruitment? | [
"Most HOT regions co-localize with RNA polymerase II binding sites, but many are not near the promoters of annotated genes. At HOT promoters, TF occupancy is strongly predictive of transcription preinitiation complex recruitment and moderately predictive of initiating Pol II recruitment, but only weakly predictive ... | [
"Transcription-factor occupancy at HOT regions quantitatively predicts RNA polymerase recruitment."
] | [
"Transcription-factor occupancy at HOT regions quantitatively predicts RNA polymerase recruitment in five human cell lines.",
"Most HOT regions co-localize with RNA polymerase II binding sites, but many are not near the promoters of annotated genes. At HOT promoters, TF occupancy is strongly predictive of transcr... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24138567"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012320",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012318",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012319",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
570a5343cf1c325851000022 | list | List variants of the MC1R gene. | [
"V60L\nD84E\nV92M\nR151C\nR160W\nR163Q\nD294H"
] | [
"V60L",
"D84E",
"V92M",
"R151C",
"R160W",
"R163Q",
"D294H"
] | [
"All of the investigated variants showed positive associations with NMSC, with consistent significant results obtained for V60L, D84E, V92M, R151C, R160W, R163Q and D294H: SOR (95%CI) ranged from 1.42 (1.19-1.70) for V60L to 2.66 (1.06-6.65) for D84E variant.",
"The melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene encodes for... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24170137",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25219681",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26103569",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24917043"
] | [] | [] |
56cdf5315795f9a73e000046 | factoid | Which is the enzyme that degrades decapped mRNAs? | [
"The removal of the 5'-cap structure by the decapping enzyme DCP2 and its coactivator DCP1 shuts down translation and exposes the mRNA to 5'-to-3' exonucleolytic degradation by XRN1",
"The removal of the 5'-cap structure by the decapping enzyme DCP2 and its coactivator DCP1 shuts down translation and exposes the ... | [
"XRN1"
] | [
"The removal of the 5'-cap structure by the decapping enzyme DCP2 and its coactivator DCP1 shuts down translation and exposes the mRNA to 5'-to-3' exonucleolytic degradation by XRN1",
"DCP2 activation by DCP1 occurs preferentially on the EDC4 scaffold, which may serve to couple DCP2 activation by DCP1 with 5'-to-... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24510189",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22383165"
] | [] | [] |
5713b29f1174fb175500000f | list | Which phenotypes are associated with heterozygous mutations of the BSCL2 gene? | [
"Heterozygous mutations in the Berardinelli-Seip congenital lipodystrophy (BSCL2) gene have been associated with different clinical phenotypes including Silver syndrome/spastic paraplegia 17, distal hereditary motor neuropathy type V, and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 (CMT2) with predominant hand involvement."... | [
"Silver syndrome/spastic paraplegia 17",
"Distal hereditary motor neuropathy type V",
"Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 (CMT2) with predominant hand involvement"
] | [
"Heterozygous mutations in the Berardinelli-Seip congenital lipodystrophy (BSCL2) gene have been associated with different clinical phenotypes including Silver syndrome/spastic paraplegia 17, distal hereditary motor neuropathy type V, and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 (CMT2) with predominant hand involvement",... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17387721",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20598714",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17633104",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14981520",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20806400",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17663003",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
56f780cb09dd18d46b000011 | factoid | Which is the target protein of the drug nivolumab? | [
"Nivolumab was developed as a monoclonal antibody against programmed death receptor-1, an immune checkpoint inhibitor which negatively regulates T-cell proliferation and activation."
] | [
"programmed death receptor-1"
] | [
"nivolumab, a fully human IgG4 programmed death 1 (PD-1) immune-checkpoint-inhibitor antibody",
" Nivolumab (a programmed death 1 [PD-1] checkpoint inhibitor)",
"Nivolumab, a fully human immunoglobulin G4 programmed death 1 immune checkpoint inhibitor antibody, ",
" programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) inhibito... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26028407",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26448890",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26273207",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26027431",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25897158",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26406148"
] | [] | [] |
5141bcd423fec9037500000d | list | The CXCR2 receptor is targeted in cancer. Name five antagonists. | [
"There are numerous CXCR2 receptor antagonists, such as SB225002, G31P, SCH-527123, AZ10397767, SCH-479833."
] | [
"SB225002",
"G31P",
"SCH-527123",
"AZ10397767",
"SCH-479833"
] | [
"CXCR2 small-molecule antagonist (SB225002)",
"G31P, an antagonist against CXC chemokine receptors 1 and 2, inhibits growth of human prostate cancer cells in nude mice.",
"The CXCR2 antagonist, SCH-527123, shows antitumor activity",
"retreatment with the CXCR2 antagonist AZ10397767",
"The aim of this study ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15623601",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19549892",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15805273",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22590561",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21328342",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19809428",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0048019",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0006605",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CXCR2_HUMAN",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0045238",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amig... |
54edf27e94afd61504000010 | summary | What is the genomic structure of the FAA (FANCA) gene? | [
"The FAA (FANCA) gene contains 43 exons spanning approximately 80 kb. Exons range from 34 to 188 bp, whereas sequence analysis of the 5' region upstream of the putative transcription start site showed no obvious TATA and CAAT boxes, but did show a GC-rich region, typical of housekeeping genes."
] | [] | [
"In the present study we describe the genomic structure of the FAA gene. The gene contains 43 exons spanning approximately 80 kb as determined by the alignment of four cosmids and the fine localization of the first and the last exons in restriction fragments of these clones. Exons range from 34 to 188 bp",
"Seque... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9169126"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D052217"
] |
52b2f1014003448f5500000a | summary | What is Snord116? | [
"SNORD116 is a small nucleolar (sno) RNA gene cluster (HBII-85) implicated as a major contributor the Prader-Willi phenotype. \nSNORD116 genes appears to be responsible for the major features of PWS. \nSNORD116 is a paternally expressed box C/D snoRNA gene cluster.\nThe mouse C/D box snoRNA MBII-85 (SNORD116) is pr... | [] | [
"Further analysis with array-CGH identified a mosaic 847 kb deletion in 15q11-q13, including SNURF-SNRPN, the snoRNA gene clusters SNORD116 (HBII-85), SNORD115, (HBII-52), SNORD109 A and B (HBII-438A and B), SNORD64 (HBII-13), and NPAP1 (C15ORF2).",
"All three deletions included SNORD116, but only two encompassed... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24311433",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18320030",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22694955",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22495932",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21880592",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20803659",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#note",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A11643850",
"o": "HUGO"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#literalForm",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A11710462",
"o": "HBII-85"
},
{
"p": "http... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012313",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D058727",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020537"
] |
5717dbfe7de986d80d000001 | factoid | What is the functional role of the protein Drp1? | [
"Drp1 is involved in the regulation of mitochondrial fission.",
"Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) mediates mitochondrial fission."
] | [
"mitochondrial fission"
] | [
"dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), a GTPase that mediates mitochondrial fission,",
"dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1), a protein required for mitochondrial network division.",
"dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1)-mediated mitochondrial fission",
"Mitochondrial fission is mediated by dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24302731",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17015472",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23027751",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22334657",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23888838",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23904108",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A0112997",
"o": "D012380"
}
] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D024101",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012380"
] |
54ede34694afd61504000004 | summary | Which is the genetic cause for the development of Fanconi anemia complementation group D1? | [
"Fanconi anemia complementation group D1 (FANCD1) was shown to be induced by biallelic mutations in the BRCA2 breast-cancer-susceptibility gene."
] | [] | [
"The discovery of biallelic BRCA2 mutations in the FA-D1 complementation group allows for the first time to study the characteristics of primary BRCA2-deficient human cells.",
"Although he lacked a strong family history of cancer, he was subsequently shown to carry biallelic mutations in the FANCD1/BRCA2 gene. Th... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15695377",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15645491",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18212739",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14559878",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14695169",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12383764",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D051856",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D024682",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/BRCA2_MOUSE"
] |
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