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2,314,900 | [Decline in breast cancer incidence in 2005 and 2006 in France: a paradoxical trend]. | The objective of this paper is to measure breast cancer incidence rates between 2000 and 2006, and to analyse during this period the changes in mammographic screening and in the use of hormone-replacement therapy (HRT). Incidence rates were calculated from the new cases of breast cancers among affiliates of the general... |
2,314,901 | Association of retinal nerve fibre layer thickness measured by confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy and optical coherence tomography with disc size and axial length. | To investigate the influence of age, disc size and axial length on the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness measurements of Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT) and optical coherence tomography (OCT).</AbstractText>A total of 162 eyes of 162 Japanese normal subjects aged between 20 and 83 were enrolled in this study... |
2,314,902 | Effects of hormone replacement therapy on bone mineral density in Turkish patients with or without COL1A1 Sp1 binding site polymorphism. | To evaluate the effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with or without COL1A1 Sp1 binding site polymorphism.</AbstractText>Non-smoking otherwise healthy postmenopausal women (n=111), who had not received any kind of HRT for at least 3 years (between 2002 and 2005) at the ... |
2,314,903 | Study on zeolite enhanced contact-adsorption regeneration-stabilization process for nitrogen removal. | Utilizing preferential ion exchange of zeolite to ammonium, the conventional contact stabilization activated sludge process (CS) can be upgraded to a new type nitrogen removal process, zeolite enhanced contact-adsorption regeneration-stabilization process (ZCS). For municipal wastewater, the effluent ammonium concentra... |
2,314,904 | A survey of investigations used for the management of glaucoma in hospital service in the United Kingdom. | This study surveys the current use of investigations for the management of glaucoma in hospital practice by UK ophthalmologists.</AbstractText>A total of 1007 questionnaires were posted to all active NHS consultant ophthalmologists. They were asked to indicate the type of hospital (whether university (UTH) or general (... |
2,314,905 | Hormone replacement therapy and symptomatic gallstones - a prospective population study in the EPIC-Norfolk cohort. | <AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND/AIMS" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may increase the risk of symptomatic gallstones, but this association has not been investigated in a prospective study in a European population. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between HRT and the de... |
2,314,906 | Enhanced rate of resting energy expenditure in women using hormone-replacement therapy: preliminary results. | Hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) attenuates the menopause-associated alterations in body composition. It is not known, however, whether this effect is a result of a concomitant increase in energy expenditure. The authors examined whether women submitted to a long-term HRT treatment presented greater energy expenditure... |
2,314,907 | Effect of different hormonal therapies on thyroid function in surgical menopause: short-term results. | To determine the effects of different hormone replacement therapy (HRT) regimens on thyroid function in surgical menopause.</AbstractText>In a randomized, controlled study, 59 euthyroid women with surgical menopause were randomized to an estrogen-only (n=20), tibolone (n=20) or calcium-only (n=19) group. On the 5th pos... |
2,314,908 | Comparison of retinal nerve fiber layer and optic disc imaging for diagnosing glaucoma in patients suspected of having the disease. | To compare retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and optic disc topographic imaging for detection of optic nerve damage in patients suspected of having glaucoma.</AbstractText>Observational cohort study.</AbstractText>A cohort of 82 patients suspected of having glaucoma based on the appearance of the optic nerve.</AbstractT... |
2,314,909 | Treatment and prevention of osteoporosis. | Osteoporosis is recognized as a major health threat. The number of patients will certainly grow with the aging of the population. While preventive strategies, such as calcium, vitamin D, exercise and reduced risk factors may diminish the impact of menopause and age-regulated bone loss, many patients will become candida... |
2,314,910 | Life prevalence of hormone replacement therapy and profile of users have not changed among women with self-reported menopause in the last two decades in Porto, Portugal. | To describe the prevalence of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in a Portuguese population by menopause date, from 1985 to 2005.</AbstractText>Participants were 382 postmenopausal women assessed as part of the ongoing follow-up evaluation of a cohort of Portuguese adults. Data were collected on education, lifetime use ... |
2,314,911 | Endometrial expression of steroid receptors in postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy users: relationship to bleeding patterns. | Mechanisms of menopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT)-related bleeding, undoubtedly mediated through endometrial steroid receptors, are poorly understood. We aimed to determine the steroid receptor expression in HRT-exposed endometrium in relation to disturbances of bleeding patterns.</AbstractText>Prospective obs... |
2,314,912 | Effects of filtration of semen doses from subfertile boars through neuter Sephadex columns. | This study was designed to develop a method of improving the quality of sperm obtained from subfertile Piétrain boars. Seminal doses were filtered through neuter Sephadex columns (G-25 Medium, G-50 Fine, G-50 Medium and G-75, length 10 +/- 0.5 cm, flow rate 1 ml/20 s). Doses were prepared by pooling 10 ml semen sa... |
2,314,913 | Performance investigation of membrane bioreactor systems during municipal wastewater reclamation. | Four commercially available membrane bioreactor (MBR) systems were operated at the pilot scale, to investigate performance during the reclamation of municipal wastewater. The MBR performance was evaluated under a variety of operating conditions, including two types of feed wastewater (raw and advanced primary effluent)... |
2,314,914 | Melanoma in relation to reproductive and hormonal factors in women: current review on controversial issues. | About one third of all melanoma in women occur during their childbearing age. An association between melanoma and hormonal and reproductive factors remains controversial.</AbstractText>This article reviews current evidence on the link between melanoma and reproductive factors. A comprehensive search of Medline (from 19... |
2,314,915 | Notch signaling in embryonic and adult myelopoiesis. | Notch signaling is a highly conserved mechanism of intercellular communication that controls the developmental fate in all animal species studied to date. Specific transmembrane ligands activate Notch receptors on neighboring cells, thereby inducing proteolytic cleavage and nuclear translocation of the Notch intracellu... |
2,314,916 | The association of cyclin D1 G870A and E-cadherin C-160A polymorphisms with the risk of colorectal cancer in a case control study and meta-analysis. | Cyclin D1 (CCND1) and E-cadherin (CDH1) have been shown to be important genes of the beta-catenin/LEF pathway that is involved in colorectal carcinogenesis. However, epidemiological studies on relationship between genetic variants of these two genes and colorectal cancer (CRC) have shown inconsistent results. In a popu... |
2,314,917 | Hormone replacement therapy use and plasma levels of sex hormones in the Norwegian Women and Cancer postgenome cohort - a cross-sectional analysis. | Hormone replacement therapy use (HRT) is associated with increased breast cancer risk. Our primary objective was to explore hormone levels in plasma according to HRT use, body mass index (BMI) and menopausal status. A secondary objective was to validate self-reported questionnaire information on menstruation and HRT us... |
2,314,918 | CRT1, an Arabidopsis ATPase that interacts with diverse resistance proteins and modulates disease resistance to turnip crinkle virus. | Plant immunity frequently involves the recognition of pathogen-encoded avirulence (avr) factors by their corresponding plant resistance (R) proteins. This triggers the hypersensitive response (HR) where necrotic lesions formed at the site(s) of infection help restrict pathogen spread. HRT is an Arabidopsis R protein re... |
2,314,919 | R protein activation: another player revealed. | Resistance proteins play an integral role in plant innate immunity by perceiving pathogens and triggering defense responses. In this issue of Cell Host & Microbe, Kang et al. uncover CRT1, an ATPase essential for resistance to turnip crinkle virus in Arabidopsis mediated by the Resistance (R) protein HRT. CRT1 inte... |
2,314,920 | Performance of inverse anaerobic fluidized bed reactor for treating high strength organic wastewater during start-up phase. | The aim of this work is to report on the physical characteristics of carrier material (perlite), biomass growth on the carrier material and the biogas production during an apparent steady state period in an inverse anaerobic fluidized bed reactor (IAFBR) for treating high strength organic wastewater. Before starting up... |
2,314,921 | Anaerobic digestion of secondary residuals from an anaerobic bioreactor at a brewery to enhance bioenergy generation. | Many beer breweries use high-rate anaerobic digestion (AD) systems to treat their soluble high-strength wastewater. Biogas from these AD systems is used to offset nonrenewable energy utilization in the brewery. With increasing nonrenewable energy costs, interest has mounted to also digest secondary residuals from the h... |
2,314,922 | Hormone replacement therapy: will it affect seizure control and AED levels? | Interest in the years of reproductive changes for women with epilepsy (WWE), specifically perimenopause, menopause and postmenopause has been emerging in the epilepsy community. This article discusses evidence for changes in seizure frequency during perimenopause and postmenopause. Further, a catamenial epilepsy patter... |
2,314,923 | [Risks and benefits of hormone replacement therapy]. | In contrast to observational studies, clinical trials examining the efficacy of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) have shown the overall negative or deteriorating effects of HRT in postmenopausal women. Particularly, the results of Women's Health Initiative (WHI) demonstrated that HRT was preventive of fractures and co... |
2,314,924 | Acrylamide exposure and incidence of breast cancer among postmenopausal women in the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health Study. | Acrylamide, a probable human carcinogen, is formed in several foods during high-temperature processing. So far, epidemiological studies have not shown any association between human cancer risk and dietary exposure to acrylamide. The purpose of this study was to conduct a nested case control study within a prospective c... |
2,314,925 | Is there an association between meningioma and hormone replacement therapy? | Molecular and clinical observations suggest a role of sex steroid hormones in the occurrence of meningioma. However, there is limited and often conflicting data on the use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) as a possible risk factor for meningioma. The goal of this study was to investigate whether there is an associa... |
2,314,926 | Frequent sequence exchanges between homologs of RPP8 in Arabidopsis are not necessarily associated with genomic proximity. | Disease resistance (R) genes are often clustered in plant genomes and may exhibit heterogeneous rates of evolution. Some (type I R genes) have evolved rapidly through frequent sequence exchanges, while others (type II R genes) have evolved independently and tend to be conserved in different genotypes or related species... |
2,314,927 | Hormonal replacement therapy after menopause is protective of disease activity in women with inflammatory bowel disease. | The nature of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) following menopause has not been previously studied. The aim of this study was to characterize the effect of menopause on disease activity and identify possible modifiers of disease activity.</AbstractText>This was a retrospective study of women followed at the University ... |
2,314,928 | Primary hyperparathyroidism and the skeleton. | Today, primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in the developed countries is typically a disease with few or no obvious clinical symptoms. However, even in the asymptomatic cases the endogenous excess of PTH increases bone turnover leading to an insidious reversible loss of cortical and trabecular bone because of an expansi... |
2,314,929 | Prevention of falls and fall-related injuries in community-dwelling seniors: an evidence-based analysis. | In early August 2007, the Medical Advisory Secretariat began work on the Aging in the Community project, an evidence-based review of the literature surrounding healthy aging in the community. The Health System Strategy Division at the Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care subsequently asked the secretariat to provide a... |
2,314,930 | The effect of transdermal estradiol or oral conjugated oestrogen and fenretinide versus placebo on haemostasis and cardiovascular risk biomarkers in a randomized breast cancer chemoprevention trial. | We have previously reported the favourable effect of transdermal estradiol (E2), relative to oral conjugated equine oestrogen (CEE), on ultrasensitive C-reactive protein after 12 months of treatment in a retinoid-placebo controlled two-by-two randomized breast cancer prevention trial (Decensi A et al (2002) Circulation... |
2,314,931 | Is it necessary to control the level of estrogen receptor α and β activation in postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy in order to achieve the optimal outcome? (Review). | Endogenous estrogens exert an array of biological actions on women, many of which are mediated by the estrogen receptors (ERs) α and β. Results from our recent studies suggest that the human ERα and ERβ systems are differentially activated under different physiological conditions. In non-pregnan... |
2,314,932 | Climacteric Complaints after Breast Cancer - Is HRT an Option? | Systemic estrogen depletion is the mechanism of action of most endocrine treatment strategies, and a common side effect of most chemotherapy regimens that are currently used to treat invasive breast cancer. The ensuing immediate and profound decline in estrogen levels is, however, often associated with considerable cli... |
2,314,933 | [Assessment of compressive optic neuropathy in hipofizar tumors]. | Assessment of optic nerve head configuration in eyes with compressive optic neuropathy due to pituitary tumors--morphological aspects of "band atrophy" (documented by fundus biomicroscopy and digital stereo disc photography) and quantitative analysis of topographic changes (testing the abilities of HRT and OCT in detec... |
2,314,934 | Prevalence of estrogen receptor alpha PvuII and XbaI polymorphism in population of Polish postmenopausal women. | Numerous data indicate that polymorphism of estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) may predict lipid levels, lipid response to hormone replacement therapy (HRT), myocardial infarction risk, bone fracture risk, bone mineral density (BMD) and changes in BMD over time. In this study we aimed to evaluate distribution of ERalpha... |
2,314,935 | What is the recurrence rate of postmenopausal bleeding in women who have a thin endometrium during a first episode of postmenopausal bleeding? | To determine the incidence and significance of recurrent postmenopausal bleeding among women diagnosed with an endometrial thickness < or =4 mm after a first episode of postmenopausal bleeding.</AbstractText>Consecutive patients not using hormone replacement therapy (HRT) presenting with a first episode of postmenop... |
2,314,936 | Factors influencing serum concentration of CA125 and CA15-3 in Iranian healthy postmenopausal women. | Screening for breast and ovarian cancers are required due to the late stage at diagnosis and poor survival. Serum CA125 and CA15-3 are important cancerdetecting agents in patients with ovarian and breast cancers, respectively. Elevation of CA125 and CA15-3 level correlates with malignant and non-malignant conditions. M... |
2,314,937 | Effect of hormone replacement therapy on postmenopausal endometrial bleeding. | The aim of the study was to determine the effect of postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) (treatment using estrogen only and sequential and continuous combined estrogen-progestogen treatment) on endometrial bleeding and histological changes of the endometrium. In a six-year period (2000-2005), 5893 patients ... |
2,314,938 | Flocculants effect in biomass retention in a UASB reactor treating dairy manure. | The performance and biomass retention of an upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) reactor treating liquid fraction of dairy manure has been investigated at several organic loading rates. Two identical UASB reactors were employed. The biomass of one UASB reactor (FBR) had previously been treated with a cationic polyacrylam... |
2,314,939 | Anaerobic co-digestion of aquatic flora and quinoa with manures from Bolivian Altiplano. | Quinoa stalk (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) from agricultural crop residue, totora (Schoenoplectus tatora) and o-macrophytes (aquatic flora) from Lake Titicaca (on the Bolivian Altiplano) were studied in a wet anaerobic co-digestion process together with manure from llama, cow and sheep. Anaerobic semi-continuous experime... |
2,314,940 | Comparison of cellular and humoral immunoassays for the assessment of summer eczema in horses. | The objective of this study was to compare and analyze three common diagnostic methods for summer eczema (SE) in horses, an allergic dermatitis caused by bites of Culicoides spp. Nine horses with a medical history of SE and nine control animals were intradermally challenged with whole body extracts (WBE) and the saliva... |
2,314,941 | Simultaneous nitrification, denitrification, and phosphorus removal from nutrient-rich industrial wastewater using granular sludge. | The biological removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from nutrient-rich abattoir wastewater using granular sludge has been investigated. A lab-scale sequencing batch reactor, seeded with granular sludge developed using synthetic wastewater, was operated for 13 months under alternating anaerobic and aerobic conditions. It ... |
2,314,942 | A prospective randomized comparative study of the effects of intranasal and transdermal 17 beta-estradiol on postmenopausal symptoms and vaginal cytology. | Investigating the adverse effects of oral hormone replacement therapy (HRT), the clinical effectiveness of alternative combinations and route of administrations.</AbstractText>To compare the effects of intranasal and transdermal 17 beta-estradiol combined with vaginal progesterone on vasomotor symptoms and vaginal cyto... |
2,314,943 | Treatment of low-strength soluble wastewater using an anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR). | Treatment of low-strength soluble wastewater (COD approximately 500 mg/L) was studied using an eight chambered anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR). At pseudo steady-state (PSS), the average total and soluble COD values (COD(T) and COD(S)) at 8h hydraulic retention time (HRT) were found to be around 50 and 40 mg/L, respecti... |
2,314,944 | Topographic comparison of the visual function on multifocal visual evoked potentials with optic nerve structure on heidelberg retinal tomography. | The authors' objective was to compare the visual field obtained using multifocal visual evoked potential (mfVEP) testing with the optic nerve parameters of Heidelberg retinal tomography (HRT; Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany; software version 2.01) in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients and normal co... |
2,314,945 | Reproductive factors, hormone use, estrogen receptor expression and risk of non small-cell lung cancer in women. | Estrogen receptor (ER) expression in lung tumors suggests that estrogens may play a role in the development of lung cancer. We evaluated the role of hormone-related factors in determining risk of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in women. We also evaluated whether risk factors were differentially associated with cyto... |
2,314,946 | Comparison of optic nerve head topography and visual field in eyes with open-angle and angle-closure glaucoma. | To compare the optic disc and visual field (VF) alterations in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG).</AbstractText>Observational case series.</AbstractText>A total of 146 persons (217 eyes), 110 with POAG and 36 with PACG, recruited from a university glaucoma service.</AbstractTe... |
2,314,947 | Hormone replacement therapy use and variations in the risk of breast cancer. | To determine the effect of different types and formulations of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on the risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women.</AbstractText>Population-based case-control study.</AbstractText>UK, 1988-2004.</AbstractText>Women 50-75 years between 1998 and 2004.</AbstractText>Breast cancer incide... |
2,314,948 | Diagnostic ability of the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph 3 for glaucoma. | To compare the diagnostic ability of the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph 3 (HRT3) and the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph 2 (HRT2) for discriminating between healthy eyes and eyes with glaucomatous visual field loss.</AbstractText>Retrospective cross-sectional study.</AbstractText>Participants were 93 healthy subjects and 90 p... |
2,314,949 | Wastewater treatment in a hybrid activated sludge baffled reactor. | A novel hybrid activated sludge baffled reactor (HASBR), which contained both suspended and attached-growth biomass perfect mixing cells in series, was developed by installing standing and hanging baffles and introducing plastic brushes into a conventional activated sludge (CAS) reactor. It was used for the treatment o... |
2,314,950 | Advances in hormone replacement therapy: weight benefits of drospirenone, a 17alpha-spirolactone-derived progestogen. | Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) remains the most effective treatment for menopausal symptom relief, and may provide cardiovascular benefits in younger women initiating treatment soon after menopause. However, large surveys indicate that many symptomatic women refuse or discontinue HRT prematurely owing to fear of wei... |
2,314,951 | Evaluation of retinoblastoma protein expression in endometrial hyperplasia. | In our study we investigated immunohistochemical expression of retinoblastoma protein (pRb) in physiological endometrium (n = 15), hyperplastic endometrium (n = 61) and post-hormone replacement therapy (HRT) endometrium (n = 24).</AbstractText>We performed an immunohistochemical analysis of pRb expression in 100 specim... |
2,314,952 | Bilirubin inhibits tumor cell growth via activation of ERK. | Bilirubin for decades was considered a potentially toxic waste product of heme degradation until the discovery that it is a potent antioxidant. Accumulating data from observations in humans and experimental studies indicate that the bile pigment may be protective against certain diseases. Based on our own observations ... |
2,314,953 | Menopause and the virtuous woman: the importance of the moral order in accounting for medical decision making. | Whether or not to use hormone replacement therapy (HRT) around the time of menopause is seen as an important decision for many mid-aged women. Recent studies of information provided to women to assist them in making a medical decision about the use of HRT have highlighted the importance of understanding the broader soc... |
2,314,954 | Hormonal treatment, mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. | A plethora of in vitro and in vivo studies have supported the neuroprotective role of estrogens and their impact on the neurotransmitter systems implicated in cognition. Recent hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) trials in non-demented postmenopausal women suggest a temporary positive effect (notably on verbal memory), ... |
2,314,955 | Integration of a Coagulation/Flocculation step in a biological sequencing batch reactor for COD and nitrogen removal of supernatant of anaerobically digested piggery wastewater. | The supernatant from mesophilic anaerobic digestion of piggery wastewater is characterised by a high amount of COD (4.1 g COD L(-1)), ammonium (2.3g NH(4)(+)-NL(-1)) and suspended solids (2.5 g SS L(-1)). This effluent can be efficiently treated by means of a Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) strategy for biological COD, ... |
2,314,956 | Effects of raloxifene and hormone replacement therapy on serum Th2 and Th3 type cytokine concentrations in healthy postmenopausal women: a randomised controlled trial. | Since sex hormones are reported to have important roles in the regulation of immune function, this study was designed to investigate the effects hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and raloxifene (RAL) on serum cytokine concentrations in healthy postmenopausal women.</AbstractText>Fifty-three healthy postmenopausal women... |
2,314,957 | Estrogen-like activities in Vitex species from China determined by a cell based proliferation assay. | Ethanolic extracts of four Chinese medicinally used Vitex species were selected and tested for their estrogen-like activities, using an ERalpha-positive MCF-7 cell based proliferation assay (E-screen assay) and cell cycle analysis (flow cytometry). Vitex negundo displayed the highest estrogenic-like activity, and could... |
2,314,958 | Ultra low-dose hormone replacement therapy and bone protection in postmenopausal women. | The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of low doses of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in normal young postmenopausal women.</AbstractText>In an open trial healthy, non-obese postmenopausal women received for 2 years a low-dose continuous combined HRT (LD-HRT) containing 1mg estradiol+0.5 mg norethi... |
2,314,959 | Treatment of 2-phenylamino-3-methyl-6-di-n-butylaminofluoran production effluent by combination of biological treatments and Fenton's oxidation. | High strength refractory organic stream is produced during the production of 2-phenylamino-3-methyl-6-di-n-butylaminofluoran (One Dye Black 2, abbr. ODB 2), a novel heat-sensitive material with a promising market. In this study, a combination of acidification-precipitation, primary biological treatment, Fenton's oxidat... |
2,314,960 | Hydrodynamic characteristics of a four-compartment periodic anaerobic baffled reactor. | Periodic anaerobic baffled reactor (PABR) is a novel reactor based on the design concept of anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR). Residence time distribution (RTD) studies on both clean and working reactors at the same hydraulic residence time (HRT) of 2 d were carried out to investigate the dead spaces and mixing patterns ... |
2,314,961 | [Correlation of the Heidelberg retinal tomograph, evaluation of the retinal nerve fiber layer and perimetry in the diagnosis of glaucoma]. | To assess the correlation of the selected structural and functional methods in the diagnosis of glaucoma.</AbstractText>The study group (SG) of 40 patients with primary open angle glaucoma with no or early visual field changes was compared to the control group (CG) of 40 healthy persons of similar age in the first year... |
2,314,962 | Assessment of hypercoagulability markers and lipid levels in postmenopausal women undergoing either oral or transdermal hormone replacement therapy. | This study investigated the effect of either oral or transdermal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on haemostatic, fibrinolytic and lipid profiles in a group of Brazilian women 3 months after beginning treatment by comparing these results with those obtained immediately before HRT.</AbstractText>Plasma levels of TAT, D... |
2,314,963 | Proanthocyanidin promotes free radical-scavenging activity in muscle tissues and plasma. | The present study was carried out to clarify the effect of oral administration of proanthocyanidin (PA) on radical-scavenging activity in muscle and plasma using electron spin resonance (ESR). Eight-week-old male Wistar rats were orally administered with 3 doses per day of 1 mL of 0.05% (PA0.05), 0.5% (PA0.5) or 5% (PA... |
2,314,964 | Exam room, chair side evaluation of retinal edema: improving accuracy and precision for identification of subclinical diabetic macular edema. | Early detection of diabetic macular edema (DME) is important for improving patient outcomes. Currently, the gold standards are slit lamp stereo biomicroscopy examination and fluorescein angiography (FA). Detecting DME with a slit lamp is subjective and can be difficult in the early stages of the disease. FA is invasive... |
2,314,965 | [Xenobiotics influence on estrogen activity]. | Many chemical compounds which imitate estrogens effect are present in the environment. There are natural substances (phytoestrogens), as well as synthetic (xenoestrogens, metaloestrogens) ones. A lot of xenobiotics are inductors or inhibitors of enzymes, also those enzymes which take part in estrogens metabolism. Howev... |
2,314,966 | Relationship between reproductive exposures and age-related cataract in women. | The objective of this study is to evaluate the relationship between reproductive exposures and age-related cataract among women. This was a hospital based case-control study. The study population included female patients, aged 50 years and above who attended the Eye clinic at the University of Malaya Medical Centre. Th... |
2,314,967 | Long-term effects of low-dose 17beta-estradiol plus dydrogesterone on 24-h ambulatory blood pressure in healthy postmenopausal women: a 1-year, randomized, prospective study. | The aim of the present 12-month, randomized, prospective controlled study was to investigate the long-term effects of low-dose oral hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on 24-h blood pressure in healthy, normotensive postmenopausal women. A total of 80 postmenopausal women received either 1 mg micronized 17beta-estradiol ... |
2,314,968 | Comparative effects of dydrogesterone and medroxyprogesterone acetate in critical areas: the brain and the vessels. | Several epidemiological and observational studies have investigated the role of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in postmenopausal women. Within a few years, clinicians shifted from considering HRT as the panacea for everything to considering it a venomous poison with which women, in search of the fountain of eternal ... |
2,314,969 | Comparative effects of antiresorptive agents on bone mineral density and bone turnover in postmenopausal women. | Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a common clinical entity; its complications represent a significant burden to society. In recent years the choice of therapies available for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis has increased dramatically. There are a number of antiresorptive agents currently available including h... |
2,314,970 | Glaucoma probability score vs Moorfields classification in normal, ocular hypertensive, and glaucomatous eyes. | To evaluate the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph III (HRT III) glaucoma probability score in differentiating normal from pathologic eyes and to compare the glaucoma probability score with Moorfields regression analysis (MRA).</AbstractText>Prospective cross-sectional study.</AbstractText>Fifty-nine normal, 40 hypertensive, ... |
2,314,971 | Quantifying effect-specific mammographic density. | A methodology is introduced for the automated assessment of structural changes of breast tissue in mammograms. It employs a generic machine learning framework and provides objective breast density measures quantifying the specific biological effects of interest. In several illustrative experiments on data from a clinic... |
2,314,972 | Effect of estrogens on skin aging and the potential role of SERMs. | In humans, structural and functional changes attributable to aging are more visibly evident in the skin than in any other organ. Estrogens have significant effects on skin physiology and modulate epidermal keratinocytes, dermal fibroblasts and melanocytes, in addition to skin appendages including the hair follicle and ... |
2,314,973 | Benefits of hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women. | To provide an overview of current research regarding hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and to assist healthcare providers to better educate patients about potential benefits of this therapy.</AbstractText>A systematic review of healthcare literature was conducted with 602 articles selected from CINAHL, Medscape, Pubmed... |
2,314,974 | Application of flat-sheet membrane to thickening and digestion of waste activated sludge (WAS). | The feasibility of using flat-sheet membrane for waste activated sludge (WAS) thickening and digestion was studied in this paper. The characteristics of the processes including the thickening efficiency, effluent water quality and filtration properties of the membrane for sludge thickening process (MST), digestion effi... |
2,314,975 | Mesophilic digestion kinetics of manure slurry. | Anaerobic digestion kinetics study of cow manure was performed at 35 degrees C in bench-scale gas-lift digesters (3.78 l working volume) at eight different volatile solids (VS) loading rates in the range of 1.11-5.87 g l-1 day-1. The digesters produced methane at the rates of 0.44-1.18 l l-1 day-1, and the methane cont... |
2,314,976 | Methanogenesis from acetate and propionate by thermophilic down-flow anaerobic packed-bed reactor. | The maximum propionate removal rate was 13.7 g/L-reactor/day at the organic loading rate of 66.4 kg-CODcr/m3-reactor/day (HRT, 4.75 h); however, the removal efficiency was very low. Clone library analysis and quantification by real-time PCR using 16S rRNA gene revealed that the population of methanogenic archaea in the... |
2,314,977 | Effect of tibolone on sexual function in late postmenopausal women. | Sexual dysfunction may significantly affect quality of life and marital relations in the postmenopausal period. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of tibolone on climacteric symptoms and sexuality in late postmenopausal but still symptomatic women.</AbstractText>A six-month prospective study was conducted of... |
2,314,978 | A Staphylococcus aureus regulatory system that responds to host heme and modulates virulence. | Staphylococcus aureus, a bacterium responsible for tremendous morbidity and mortality, exists as a harmless commensal in approximately 25% of humans. Identifying the molecular machinery activated upon infection is central to understanding staphylococcal pathogenesis. We describe the heme sensor system (HssRS) that resp... |
2,314,979 | Three-dimensional reconstruction of optic nerve head from stereo fundus images and its quantitative estimation. | It is important for diagnosis of glaucoma to grasp 3-D structure of an optic nerve head (ONH). The quantitative 3-D reconstruction of the ONH is required for the diagnosis. We propose a technique to obtain the depth value from stereo image pair of a retinal fundus for the 3-D reconstruction of the ONH. Our technique ma... |
2,314,980 | Transdermal natural progesterone cream for postmenopausal women: inconsistent data and complex pharmacokinetics. | Transdermal progesterone cream (PC) is propagated as a possible alternative to hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in the management of menopausal symptoms and treatment of osteoporosis. Nonetheless, considerable concerns were raised regarding the inconsistent results and the credibility of some studies that were not pee... |
2,314,981 | The current state of postmenopausal hormone therapy: update for neurologists and epileptologists. | Appropriate and safe use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in postmenopausal women is an evolving saga, triggered by the unexpected results from the first publication of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) Trial in 2002. These results showed a slight but significantly increased risk of breast cancer, stroke, and dem... |
2,314,982 | Removal of organic compounds during treating printing and dyeing wastewater of different process units. | Wastewater in Shaoxing wastewater treatment plant (SWWTP) is composed of more than 90% dyeing and printing wastewater with high pH and sulfate. Through a combination process of anaerobic acidogenic [hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 15h], aerobic (HRT of 20h) and flocculation-precipitation, the total COD removal effici... |
2,314,983 | Retinal nerve fibre layer measurements and optic nerve head analysis in multiple sclerosis patients. | To verify whether scanning laser polarimeter with the new variable corneal compensation algorithm (GDx VCC) and scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT)) allow measuring retinal ganglion cell loss in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).</AbstractText>We enrolled 23 MS patients with a history o... |
2,314,984 | Combination of caregiving stress and hormone replacement therapy is associated with prolonged platelet activation to acute stress among postmenopausal women. | To investigate the combined effects of caregiving and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on platelet hyperactivity to acute psychological stress. Both HRT and the chronic stress of caregiving have been associated with increased cardiovascular risk, potentially through a mechanism of platelet hyperactivity.</AbstractText... |
2,314,985 | [Nitrification performance and microbial community analysis in carbon membrane-aerated biofilm reactor]. | A carbon membrane-aerated biofilm reactor was developed to treat nitrogenous inorganic wastewater. Influent NH; -N concentrations and HRT were changed to investigate nitrification performance of reactor,oxygen utilization and NH4+ -N's removal loading. Biofilm's surface characteristics and dominant bacteria of nitrifie... |
2,314,986 | [Study on treatment of simulant dairy processing wastewater using FCR multilevel contact oxidation system]. | This study applied new helical-fibrous fillers as carrier to treat simulant dairy industrial wastewater in order to improve the ability of nitrogen removal and decontamination. Based on multilevel oxidation system where the food chain was formed by different kinds of microbe, removal ratio and removal mechanism of COD,... |
2,314,987 | [Influence of DO and aeration/non-aeration ratio on one-step SBBR completely autotrophic nitrogen removal process]. | To improve the performance of single SBBR completely autotrophic nitrogen removal system and study the influence of aeration/non-aeration ratio on it, four reactors were applied in the experiment. The results showed that both continuous and intermittent aeration system could implement completely autotrophic nitrogen re... |
2,314,988 | Resistive exercise blunts LPS-stimulated TNF-alpha and Il-1 beta. | To examine the influence of acute resistive exercise and "hormone status" on cytokine profile, 35 postmenopausal women (72 +/- 6.2 yr) underwent a moderate-high-intensity resistive exercise bout or rested. There were 4 groups: no hormone replacement (NHR, n = 9), hormone replacement (HRT, n = 12), selective estrogen re... |
2,314,989 | Focal asymmetric breast density: mammographic, sonographic and pathological correlation in 97 lesions--a call to restrain biopsies. | The imaging parameters that mandate further diagnostic workup in focal asymmetric breast densities are not clearly defined.</AbstractText>To identify indications for further workup in FABD by comparing mammographic and ultrasonographic findings with the pathology results of women with FABD.</AbstractText>Ninety-four wo... |
2,314,990 | Hormone replacement therapy, body mass, and the risk of colorectal cancer among postmenopausal women from Germany. | Previous studies have reported inconsistent results regarding the modifying effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on the association of body mass index (BMI) and the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) among postmenopausal women. We assessed the use of HRT and BMI in 208 postmenopausal women with histologically confi... |
2,314,991 | Evaluating the effect of the new alignment algorithm for longitudinal series of Heidelberg retina tomography images. | To evaluate the impact of a new image-alignment algorithm on the repeatability of longitudinal measurements obtained from Heidelberg retina tomograph (HRT) images.</AbstractText>HRTI and HRTII image series from 124 patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension were made available from previously reported studies and we... |
2,314,992 | Muscular transcriptome in postmenopausal women with or without hormone replacement. | The loss of muscle mass and strength with aging is well characterized, but our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of sarcopenia remains incomplete. Although menopause is often accompanied with first signs of age-associated changes in muscle structure and function, the effects of hormone re... |
2,314,993 | Treatment of hydrocarbon-rich wastewater using oil degrading bacteria and phototrophic microorganisms in rotating biological contactor: effect of N:P ratio. | Treatment of hydrocarbon-rich industrial wastewater in bioreactors using heterotrophic microorganisms is often associated with various operational problems. In this study, a consortium of phototrophic microorganisms and a bacterium is developed on the discs of a rotating biological contactor (RBC) for treatment of wast... |
2,314,994 | Effect of feeding strategy on the stability of anaerobic sequencing batch reactor responses to organic loading conditions. | The goal of this study was to examine the effect of feeding strategy on the capability for treatment and the stability of an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR) under increasing organic loading. The lab-scale ASBR systems were operated at 35 degrees C using synthetic organic wastewater under both batch and fed-ba... |
2,314,995 | Is hydraulic retention time an essential parameter for MBR performance? | The effect of hydraulic retention time (HRT) on membrane bioreactors (MBR) operation is discussed. A brief literature review on this topic indicates that biased conclusions can be drawn if data is obtained under non steady-state conditions. Another relevant aspect regarding steady-state operation includes activated slu... |
2,314,996 | Plasma protein carbonyl levels and breast cancer risk. | To study the role of oxidative stress in breast cancer risk, we analysed plasma levels of protein carbonyls in 1050 cases and 1107 controls. We found a statistically significant trend in breast cancer risk in relation to increasing quartiles of plasma protein carbonyl levels (OR = 1.2, 95% CI = 0.9-1.5; OR = 1.5, 95% C... |
2,314,997 | Physical activity and fibrinogen concentrations in 23,201 men and women in the EPIC-Norfolk population-based study. | To examine the relationship between usual physical activity and fibrinogen concentrations in a free-living population of men and women.</AbstractText>We examined the cross-sectional relationship between habitual combined work and leisure physical activity derived from a validated physical activity questionnaire and pla... |
2,314,998 | Fate of copper in submerged membrane bioreactors treating synthetic municipal wastewater. | This paper assesses the impact of copper on the performance of two membrane bioreactors (MBR) treating municipal wastewater at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 4h, and solids residence times (SRT) of 20 days, at influent copper concentrations of 0.2-8 mg Cu/L. The addition of copper resulted in a significant increas... |
2,314,999 | Effect of progestins with different glucocorticoid activity on bone metabolism. | Progestins are commonly prescribed for hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and contraception. However, the effects of progestins on bone metabolism remain unclear and are often controversial.</AbstractText>This study was conducted to test the hypothesis that progestins with no significant glucocorticoid activity may be a... |
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