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2,315,100 | Walking intensity for postmenopausal bone mineral preservation and accrual. | Mechanical stresses on the bone are an important aspect of physical activity that promotes bone preservation and increases in bone mass. Exercise intensities leading to bone preservation and accrual have not been adequately defined for humans in general, and postmenopausal women in particular.</AbstractText>To quantify... |
2,315,101 | Pentachlorophenol contaminated groundwater bioremediation using immobilized Sphingomonas cells inoculation in the bioreactor system. | Pentachlorophenol (PCP) has been used as a wood preservative for more than 100 years. The extensive use of PCP has widely contaminated soil and groundwater. PCP is toxic to living organisms. The main objective of this research was to inoculate the pure PCP-degrading bacterium strain Sphingomonas chlorophenolica PCP-1, ... |
2,315,102 | Improving anaerobic sewage sludge digestion by implementation of a hyper-thermophilic prehydrolysis step. | The present study focuses on a two-step process for treatment and stabilisation of primary sludge. The process consists of a hyper-thermophilic hydrolysis step operated at 70 degrees C and a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 2 days followed by a thermophilic (55 degrees C) anaerobic digestion step at a HRT of 13 days. ... |
2,315,103 | [Evaluation of glaucoma progression by means of HRT II results]. | To follow up and statistically evaluate structural and functional changes in primary types of glaucoma, ocular hypertension and persons with large optic disc areas.</AbstractText>There were 154 eyes (77 patients) enrolled into the prospective study. The follow up period was 3 years, from January 2003 to December 2005. ... |
2,315,104 | LPS-stimulated inflammation and apoptosis in corneal injury models. | To evaluate and compare the proinflammatory and apoptotic effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in three rabbit corneal injury models using a new in vivo confocal microscope (IVCM) and immunohistological techniques.</AbstractText>Adult male New Zealand albino rabbits were used in this study. Three corneal models were tes... |
2,315,105 | Determination of penicillin G and its degradation products in a penicillin production wastewater treatment plant and the receiving river. | To investigate the fate of penicillin G (PEN G) in the wastewater from a PEN G production facility and the receiving river, an analytical method was developed for the simultaneous detection of PEN G and five degradation products using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-ESI/MS). PEN G ha... |
2,315,106 | [Running effects affected by sludge reducing by anaerobic hydrolysis-acidification and aerobic oxidation process of A1/A2/O bio-treatment system]. | In the A1/A2/O bio-treatment system dealing with alkali minimization and dyeing-printing wastewater, residual sludge could be reduced effectively by recycling of sludge. The COD removal rate in A1 segment could be improved by residual sludge recycling to A1 segment. The COD elimination rate in A1 segment was raised fro... |
2,315,107 | [Effects of external carbon source on nitrogen and phosphorus removal in subsurface flow and free water surface integrated constructed wetland]. | By adding municipal wastewater in effluent of ANOXIC-OXIC (A/O) reactor as external carbon source, effects of external carbon source on nitrogen and phosphorus removal in subsurface flow and free water surface integrated constructed wetland were studied in pilot-scale. Results indicate that, COD/TN and (NO2(-) + NO3(-)... |
2,315,108 | Evaluation of a membrane bioreactor system coupled with sludge pretreatment for aerobic sludge digestion. | The effects of ozone and alkaline pretreatment of sewage sludge on the performances of membrane-coupled aerobic sludge digestion were investigated. In particular, the effects of sludge pretreatment on the solubilization, sludge biodegradation and the stability of membrane filtration were evaluated. Three sets of reacto... |
2,315,109 | [Diagnosis and evaluation of macular hole with the HRT 2 retina module]. | This prospective study analyzed the usefulness of the HRT 2 retina module as a diagnostic tool for macular hole diagnosis. The influence of the preoperative status on postoperative anatomic and functional results is also discussed. Preoperative and postoperative retinal tomography maps (HRT 2) were compared with optica... |
2,315,110 | In vivo corneal confocal microscopy in marfan syndrome. | To examine the cornea of patients with Marfan syndrome in comparison with a control group by using the in vivo confocal microscope.</AbstractText>Twenty-four eyes of 12 patients with Marfan syndrome had their corneas examined using the in vivo confocal microscope Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT) II/Rostock Cornea Modu... |
2,315,111 | The effect of hormone replacement therapy on cognitive function in post-menopausal women. | Despite interest in causes of dementia in older persons, particularly in post-menopausal women, it is unclear whether hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is a risk factor.</AbstractText>To assess cognitive function in post-menopausal women with high educational status receiving HRT, compared to non-users.</AbstractText>C... |
2,315,112 | Interactions of the human cytosolic sulfotransferases and steroid sulfatase in the metabolism of tibolone and raloxifene. | Sulfation is important in the metabolism and inactivation of steroidal compounds and hormone replacement therapeutic (HRT) agents in human tissues. Although generally inactive, many steroid sulfates are hydrolyzed to their active forms by sulfatase activity. Therefore, the specific sulfotransferase (SULT) isoforms and ... |
2,315,113 | Monitoring glaucomatous progression using a novel Heidelberg Retina Tomograph event analysis. | To describe an event analysis (EA) for monitoring Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT) progression and to establish specificity, detection rate, and agreement with visual field progression by application to longitudinal data.</AbstractText>Retrospective analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial.</AbstractText>On... |
2,315,114 | Risk of endometrial cancer in relationship to cigarette smoking: results from the EPIC study. | Current epidemiologic evidence indicates that cigarette smoking reduces the risk of endometrial cancer. We examined data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort to analyze further aspects of the smoking-endometrial cancer relationship, such as possible modifying effects of me... |
2,315,115 | Structure-activity relationships for a family of benzothiophene selective estrogen receptor modulators including raloxifene and arzoxifene. | The search for the "ideal" selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) as a substitute for hormone replacement therapy (HRT) or use in cancer chemoprevention has focused on optimization of estrogen receptor (ER) ligand binding. Based on the clinical and preclinical benzothiophene SERMs, raloxifene and arzoxifene, a fa... |
2,315,116 | A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study on the influence of a hormone replacement therapy on skin aging in postmenopausal women. | There is mounting evidence that menopause affects some functions of the skin. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) appears to limit some of the climacteric aspects of cutaneous aging.</AbstractText>In the light of a growing interest in the endocrinological influence of skin, we performed a study evaluating the effects of ... |
2,315,117 | Effect of estrogens on skin aging and the potential role of selective estrogen receptor modulators. | Estrogens have a profound influence on skin. The relative hypoestrogenism that accompanies menopause exacerbates the deleterious effects of both intrinsic and environmental aging. Estrogens prevent skin aging. They increase skin thickness and improve skin moisture. Beneficial effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT... |
2,315,118 | The HRT misuse and osteoporosis epidemic: a possible future scenario. | Recent controversies with hormone replacement therapy (HRT) have caused much concern in women and their health-care providers. As a result, the number of HRT users in the USA has fallen dramatically. Consequently, the potential HRT-induced reduction in fracture risk is lost so that, in the next few years, we can expect... |
2,315,119 | Genetic contributions to glaucoma: heritability of intraocular pressure, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, and optic disc morphology. | The genetic etiology of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is still largely unknown, because of its complexity and disparities in its classification. This study was undertaken to determine the genetic contribution to various early, continuous markers of POAG by assessing the heritability of intraocular pressure (IOP), ... |
2,315,120 | Hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) in postmenopause: a reappraisal. | Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is the most effective treatment currently available for vasomotor and urogenital symptoms and decreased libido. Because harmful effects were evidenced in some clinical trials, health authorities now consider that risk-benefit considerations do not favour the use of HRT for prevention o... |
2,315,121 | [Diagnostic capability of PULSAR, FDT y HRT-II in glaucoma suspects]. | To determine the diagnostic capability of PULSAR-T30W, FDT-Threshold-N30 and HRT-II in glaucoma suspects.</AbstractText>Forty-seven eyes from 47 referred glaucoma suspects (GS) were examined twice with each technique. Cases with TOP-WW-MD>6dB were excluded. Results were compared with those of 70 eyes from 70 normal ... |
2,315,122 | [Correlation between standard automated perimetry global indices and Heidelberg Retina Tomograph II parameters]. | To correlate the optic nerve head topographic parameters measured by the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph II (HRT) with the perimetric indices of standard automated perimetry (SAP).</AbstractText>This study included 101 normal subjects, 247 ocular hypertensive eyes (increased intraocular pressure with normal SAP) and 102 gl... |
2,315,123 | Improvement of COD and color removal from UASB treated poultry manure wastewater using Fenton's oxidation. | The applicability of Fenton's oxidation as an advanced treatment for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and color removal from anaerobically treated poultry manure wastewater was investigated. The raw poultry manure wastewater, having a pH of 7.30 (+/-0.2) and a total COD of 12,100 (+/-910) mg/L was first treated in a 15.7 L... |
2,315,124 | Quantification of apoptotic phenomenon on endometrial biopsies in postmenopausal patients under hormonal replacement therapy (HRT). | To quantify the apoptotic phenomenon on endometrial biopsies in postmenopausal patients under hormonal replacement therapy (HRT).</AbstractText>The study lot consisted of 30 endometrial biopsies on which we studied the apoptotic phenomenon through morphological and molecular biology techniques (TUNEL reaction). Examina... |
2,315,125 | Effects of long-term, low-dose sex hormone replacement therapy on hippocampus and cognition of postmenopausal women of different apoE genotypes. | To study the effects of long-term, low-dose sex hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on the volume and biochemical changes of the hippocampus in postmenopausal women carrying apolipoprotein E (apoE) gene epsilon3 or epsilon4.</AbstractText>Eighty-three postmenopausal women who had used a low dose of HRT for over 4 years w... |
2,315,126 | [Cultivation and nitrogen removal characteristics of ANAMMOX granules]. | An SBR reactor seeded with anaerobic granular sludge was started-up to enrich ANAMMOX (anaerobic ammonia oxidation) bacteria and investigate its nitrogen removal characteristics. Research results showed that hydraulic retention time (HRT) was the most important factor to enrich ANAMMOX bacteria. When the HRT was contro... |
2,315,127 | [Start-up research of single phase high solid anaerobic digestion technology for organic waste]. | Under mesophilic condition (35 degrees C), a bench-scale experiment based on high solid anaerobic digestion process was conducted in a fed-batch single phase reactor. At the start-up stage, the feeding amount of organic waste was modified with the variation of pH value and gas production. The results of this stage show... |
2,315,128 | [Effect of initial pH on bioacidification treatment of woolscouring effluent]. | To remove biorefractory organic matter from woolscouring effluent, the bioacidification treatments pre-acidified by 4.5 mo x L(-1) sulfuric acid and bioacidified wastewater were performed through a 10 L stirred tank reactor. Hydraulic retention time (HRT) for the treatment was obviously shortened through pre-acidificat... |
2,315,129 | [Study on performance characteristics of carbon membrane-aerated biofilm reactor treating municipal wastewater]. | A carbon membrane-aerated biofilm reactor was developed to treat municipal wastewater. Tests were conducted to investigate oxygen transfer ability of carbon membrane, the bacteria adhesion and reactor's set-up performance. The optimum parameters were determined in terms of intra-membrane pressure, COD and nitrogen rati... |
2,315,130 | [Short-cut nitrification of landfill leachate by aerobic moving-bed biofilm reactor]. | Short-cut nitrification process was studied to remove the ammonium nitrogen from the anaerobically pretreated leachate using aerobic moving-bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) at ambient temperature. The effect of DO concentration, pH and C/N ratio on the ammonium removal efficiency and nitrite accumulation rate was investigate... |
2,315,131 | Treatment of low strength industrial cluster wastewater by anaerobic hybrid reactor. | The study was aimed at treating the complex, combined wastewater generated in Mangolpuri industrial cluster. It was considered as a low strength wastewater with respect to its organic content. Anaerobic treatment of this wastewater was studied using an anaerobic hybrid reactor (AHR) which combined the best features of ... |
2,315,132 | Can myomectomy be suggested for perimenopausal women before administering hormone replacement therapy? | The aim of this study was to evaluate whether abdominal myomectomy could be a choice for patients with symptomatic fibroids above the age of 48 years, who wish to get hormonal replacement therapy and desire to retain their uterus.</AbstractText>We performed 504 abdominal myomectomies between 1990 and 2004. The mean age... |
2,315,133 | Polyomavirus small T antigen controls viral chromatin modifications through effects on kinetics of virus growth and cell cycle progression. | Minichromosomes of wild-type polyomavirus were previously shown to be highly acetylated on histones H3 and H4 compared either to bulk cell chromatin or to viral chromatin of nontransforming hr-t mutants, which are defective in both the small T and middle T antigens. A series of site-directed virus mutants have been use... |
2,315,134 | Turner syndrome: counseling prior to oocyte donation. | Ovarian failure is a typical feature of Turner syndrome (TS). Patients are followed clinically with hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and inclusion in the oocyte donation program, if necessary. For patients with spontaneous puberty, genetic counseling regarding preimplantation genetic diagnosis and prenatal diagnosis i... |
2,315,135 | Lack of evidence for effect modification by estrogen of association between body mass index and colorectal cancer risk among postmenopausal women. | Previous studies of the association between body mass index (BMI) and colorectal cancer among women found increased risk only among women who were premenopausal or used hormone replacement therapy (HRT). These results led to the hypothesis that BMI may increase risk more strongly among women with higher levels of circu... |
2,315,136 | Sr and Fe relationship with hormone replacement therapy and bone mineral density. | We determined blood strontium (Sr) and iron (Fe) concentrations and their relationship with bone mineral density (BMD) and some biochemical parameters in premenopausal and postmenopausal women without or with hormone replacement therapy (HRT).</AbstractText>Blood Sr and Fe concentrations, BMD, follicle stimulating horm... |
2,315,137 | Removal of nutrient and bacteria in pilot-scale constructed wetlands. | Three pilot-scale horizontal-subsurface flow (H-SSF), surface flow (SF), and free water surface flow (FWS) constructed wetland system designs were installed and evaluated to determine the effectiveness of constructed wetlands to treat tertiary effluent wastewater generated from Pasaköy Advanced Biological Wastewat... |
2,315,138 | Cardiovascular effects of tibolone: a selective tissue estrogenic activity regulator. | Traditionally, it was accepted that long-term hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has a cardiovascular beneficial effect in postmenopausal women with and without coronary artery disease (CAD). However, randomized trials in postmenopausal women have not shown any benefit in either primary or secondary prevention of cardio... |
2,315,139 | High nitrogen removal performance at moderately low temperature utilizing anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactions. | High rates of nitrogen removal from wastewater have been reported using anammox bacteria at temperatures around 37 degrees C, but not at moderately low temperatures. In this study, nitrogen removal performance of an anaerobic biological filtrated (ABF) reactor, filled with porous polyester nonwoven fabric carriers as a... |
2,315,140 | Evaluation of hormone replacement therapy which may have an adrenomedullin-mediated protective effect on cardiovascular disorders. | This study aimed to determine whether there is an adrenomedullin (AM)-mediated protective effect of postmenopausal estrogen/progestin therapy (HRT) against cardiovascular disorders.</AbstractText>A total of 22 post-menopausal women without hysterectomy undergoing postmenopausal symptoms (aged 43-52) were treated with c... |
2,315,141 | [Absolute risk for fracture and WHO guideline. Selection of drugs for the prevention of fractures in postmenopausal women]. | It is crucial to select drugs for the prevention of fracture in postmenopausal osteoporosis. In early postmenopausal women with climacteric symptoms hormone replacement therapy (HRT) would be a first choice. Selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) could be prescribed in postmenopausal women who had been treated wi... |
2,315,142 | Sex hormone replacement therapy and modulation of vascular function in cardiovascular disease. | Epidemiological and experimental studies suggest vascular protective effects of estrogen. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is less common in premenopausal women than in men and postmenopausal women. Cytosolic/nuclear estrogen receptors (ERs) have been shown to mediate genomic effects that stimulate endothelial cell growth ... |
2,315,143 | Toward a high-rate enhanced biological phosphorus removal process in a membrane-assisted bioreactor. | A membrane enhanced biological phosphorus removal (MEBPR) process was studied to determine the impact of hydraulic retention time (HRT) and solids retention time (SRT) on the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrogen, and phosphorus from municipal wastewater. The MEBPR process was capable of delivering complete... |
2,315,144 | [Comparison of angiofluorography and Heidelberg II retinal tomography of the head of the optic nerve in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma]. | This prospective study aims to evaluate how the vascular involvement of the optic disc, emphasised by angiofluorography (AFG), correlates with morphologic lesions observed by Heidelberg retinal tomography (HRT) II.</AbstractText>AFG (Visucam Zeiss) and HRT II (with Moorfields regression and keratometry) have been perfo... |
2,315,145 | Growth in early life predicts bone strength in late adulthood: the Hertfordshire Cohort Study. | Infant growth is a determinant of adult bone mass, and poor childhood growth is a risk factor for adult hip fracture. Peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) allows non-invasive assessment of bone strength. We utilised this technology to examine relationships between growth in early life and bone strength. W... |
2,315,146 | Effect of hormone replacement therapy in women on ocular refractive status and aberrations. | To evaluate the effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on refractive status, corneal topography, and aberrations of the eye in postmenopausal women.</AbstractText>Thirty-six healthy postmenopausal women (72 eyes) were included in the study. All patients received HRT that consisted of 0.625 mg/day conjugated estro... |
2,315,147 | Optic disc measurements in myopia with optical coherence tomography and confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy. | To evaluate the relationships between optic disc measurements, obtained by an optical coherence tomograph and a confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope, and myopia.</AbstractText>One hundred thirty-three eyes from 133 healthy subjects with mean spherical equivalent -6.0 +/- 4.2 D (range, -13.13 to +3.25 D) were analyzed... |
2,315,148 | Evaluation of optical coherence tomography and heidelberg retinal tomography parameters in detecting early and moderate glaucoma. | To evaluate the relationship between optic nerve head (ONH) and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) parameters by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (Heidelberg retinal tomography; HRT; Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany) in early and moderate glaucoma and ... |
2,315,149 | The potential for facilitating spring discharge from continental climate waste stabilisation ponds by carry-over of treated wastewater: concepts and experimental findings. | The research investigated some factors influencing the rate of stabilisation of wastewater in the spring period in continental climate waste stabilisation ponds, and in particular the potential for bringing forward the discharge date by optimising storage capacity and dilution. Experiments using pilot and modelscale po... |
2,315,150 | Symbiotic algal bacterial wastewater treatment: effect of food to microorganism ratio and hydraulic retention time on the process performance. | Algal incorporation into the biomass is important in an innovative wastewater treatment that exploits the symbiosis between bacterial activated sludge and microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris sp. Hamburg). It allows a good and easy algae separation by means of clarification. The effect of process parameters food to microorga... |
2,315,151 | Physical and hydrodynamic characteristics of a dairy shed waste stabilisation pond system. | Waste stabilization pond systems are widely used to treat animal wastes under highly variable hydraulic loading regimes. These systems have received limited research attention with regard to their hydrodynamic behaviour and the potential impact of shock hydraulic loading on their performance. In this study a two-stage ... |
2,315,152 | Breast cancer: a candidate gene approach across the estrogen metabolic pathway. | Polymorphisms within the estrogen metabolic pathway are prime candidates for a possible association with breast cancer risk. We investigated 11 genes encoding key proteins of this pathway for their potential contribution to breast cancer risk. Of these CYP17A1, CYP19A1, EPHX1, HSD17B1, SRD5A2, and PPARG2 participate in... |
2,315,153 | Estrogen and progesterone receptor status in breast cancer: effect of oral contraceptive pills and hormone replacement therapy. | Higher incidence of hormone receptor positive breast cancer (BC) in White women compared to Blacks and Asians is attributed to different inherent biology. Many of our patients have estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) negative tumors. We tried to explore if this is related to low frequency of oral cont... |
2,315,154 | Delta-Notch--and then? Protein interactions and proposed modes of repression by Hes and Hey bHLH factors. | Hes and Hey genes are the mammalian counterparts of the Hairy and Enhancer-of-split type of genes in Drosophila and they represent the primary targets of the Delta-Notch signaling pathway. Hairy-related factors control multiple steps of embryonic development and misregulation is associated with various defects. Hes and... |
2,315,155 | Studying women in clinical trials: scientific and legal implications. | Lack of applicable safety data has effected an ease in federal restriction on the inclusion of women in clinical trials, particularly because: (1) they consume more prescription and over-the-counter medications than do men; (2) most require some type of drug therapy during pregnancy; and (3) many drugs that have been w... |
2,315,156 | Estrogen replacement in menopausal women: recent and current prospective studies, the WHI and the KEEPS. | In the wake of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) trials, many questions have yet to be resolved regarding the use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in postmenopausal women, primarily whether HRT's cardioprotective effects outweigh a possible increase in breast cancer risk. Several factors, including differences in... |
2,315,157 | Oral administration of 17beta-estradiol over 3 months without progestin co-administration does not improve coronary flow reserve in post-menopausal women: a randomized placebo-controlled cross-over CMR study. | Several large epidemiological outcome studies did not demonstrate a benefit of combined estrogen-progestin replacement treatment (HRT) on cardiovascular events in elderly postmenopausal women. Whether progestin antagonism is responsible for these negative results or the natural estrogen 17ss-estradial (E2) itself is no... |
2,315,158 | HRT: a reappraisal of the risks and benefits. | In 2002, when results of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) randomised controlled trial of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) showed an increased occurrence of breast cancer and thromboembolism, up to two-thirds of women taking HRT stopped the therapy, often without medical consultation. Recent analyses of the WHI data... |
2,315,159 | Postmenopausal HRT and tibolone in relation to muscle strength and body composition. | Sarcopenia, the loss of muscle mass with age, has a great impact on physical function, and especially in postmenopausal women, who experience a greater decline in muscle strength than do men of similar age. Conventional hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may diminish this loss of muscle strength and may even increase mu... |
2,315,160 | Endocrinology and expectations in 1930s America: Louis Berman's ideas on new creations in human beings. | In the first half of the twentieth century, hormones took pride of place as life's master molecules and the endocrinologist took precedence over the geneticist as the scientist offering the means to control life. But, as with molecular genetics and biotechnology today, the status of endocrinology was not based solely o... |
2,315,161 | Enhanced biodegradation of hexachlorocyclohexane in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor using methanol as an electron donor. | Anaerobic dechlorination of technical grade hexachlorocyclohexane (THCH) was studied in a continuous upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor with methanol as a supplementary substrate and electron donor. A reactor without methanol served as the experimental control. The inlet feed concentration of THCH in both t... |
2,315,162 | Treatment of landfill leachate by electrochemical oxidation and anaerobic process. | The removal performance of typical refractory organic compounds in landfill leachate was investigated during the electrochemical (EC) oxidation and anaerobic process combined treatment system in this paper. The results indicated that the treatment of landfill leachate by the combined system was highly effective. The to... |
2,315,163 | First isolation of cytopathogenic bovine torovirus in cell culture from a calf with diarrhea. | A cytopathogenic virus (designated the Aichi/2004 strain) was isolated in a human rectal adenocarcinoma cell line (HRT-18) from the ileum contents of a calf with diarrhea. Oval and elongated particles, approximately 100 to 170 nm in diameter, with club-shaped projections were seen in the infected culture supernatant, a... |
2,315,164 | Effect of hydraulic retention time on membrane fouling and biomass characteristics in submerged membrane bioreactors. | In this paper, three identical membrane bioreactors (MBRs) were operated in parallel in order to specify the influence mechanism of hydraulic retention time (HRT) on MBR. The results showed that the removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD) was stable though it decreased slightly as HRT decreased, but biomass ... |
2,315,165 | Performance of membrane-coupled organic acid fermentor for the resources recovery form municipal sewage sludge. | This study focused on the treatment performance of membrane-coupled organic acid fermentor (MOF) with intermittent reciprocal air/ozone backwashing for the keeping of high permeation flux as well as for the effective recovery of dissolved organics from municipal sewage sludge. Intermittent reciprocal air/ozone backwash... |
2,315,166 | Effects of nitrobenzene concentrations and hydraulic retention time on the treatment of nitrobenzene in sequential anaerobic baffled reactor and continuously stirred tank reactor system. | The effects of increasing nitrobenzene (NB) concentrations and hydraulic retention time (HRT) on the performance of anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) and aerobic completely stirred tank reactor (CSTR) were studied. In the first step the NB concentration was increased from 30 to 700 mg/L at constant COD and flowrates. Max... |
2,315,167 | Protein metabolism in Turner syndrome and the impact of hormone replacement therapy. | Studies have documented an altered body composition in Turner syndrome (TS). Body fat is increased and muscle mass is decreased. Ovarian failure necessitates substitution with female hormone replacement therapy (HRT), and HRT induces favourable changes in body composition. It is unknown how HRT affects protein metaboli... |
2,315,168 | An integrated process for the treatment of CETP wastewater using coagulation, anaerobic and aerobic process. | The aim of this study was to treat the wastewater collected from equalization tank of Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP), which was a mixture of waste coming from 525 small-scale industries manufacturing textile and dyestuff intermediate, pigments and pharmaceuticals. Initially a pretreatment using ferric chloride ... |
2,315,169 | Morbidity associated with posterior intravaginal slingplasty for uterovaginal and vault prolapse. | This study was carried out to evaluate the safety and efficacy of posterior intravaginal slingplasty (IVS) for upper genital prolapse.</AbstractText>Gynaecology Department, Benenden Hospital, Kent, UK.</AbstractText>An observational study was conducted on 127 women, who underwent posterior IVS using the IVS Tunneller (... |
2,315,170 | Associations of circulating C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 with survival in women with and without cancer: findings from the British Women's Heart and Health Study. | Inflammation is associated with worse prognosis and survival in many cancers. Our aim was to investigate the associations of circulating C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentrations with all-cause mortality in cancer patients and to determine whether any associations were specific to malignancy.</Ab... |
2,315,171 | Ultrastructure of a bio-electrolytic methanogenic/methanotrophic granular biofilm for the complete degradation of tetrachloroethylene in contaminated groundwater. | The electrolytical methanogenic/methanotrophic coupling (eMaMoC) process was tested in a laboratory-scale single-stage reactor for the treatment of tetrachloroethene (PCE)-contaminated waters. A water electrolysis cell was placed directly in the effluent recirculation loop for the supply of both O2 and H2 to the system... |
2,315,172 | A pilot-plant study of a moving-bed biofilm reactor system using PVA gel as a biocarrier for removals of organic carbon and nitrogen. | A pilot-plant study was conducted to evaluate the performance of a moving-bed biofilm reactor process using PVA-gel beads as a biocarrier. Real primary-settled wastewater was fed to the pre-denitrification system and removals of nitrogenous and organic contaminants were evaluated over a 1-year period. The results demon... |
2,315,173 | Nutrients removal in hybrid fluidised bed bioreactors operated with aeration cycles. | Abstract Two hybrid fluidised bed reactors filled with sepiolite and granular activated carbon (GAC) were operated with short cycled aeration for removing organic matter, total nitrogen and phosphorous, respectively. Both reactors were continuously operated with synthetic and/or industrial wastewater containing 350-500... |
2,315,174 | Women's attitudes to hormone replacement therapy, alternative therapy and sexual health: a web-based survey. | To survey women's views on hormone replacement therapy (HRT), alternative therapies and sexual health using the Internet. Study design and main outcome measures. Three questionnaires were offered on a UK, patient-tailored, independent, clinician-led dedicated menopause website. They covered HRT, alternative therapies a... |
2,315,175 | [Comparison of different antidepression therapy in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women with depression]. | To study the effects of antidepression drugs and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women with depression.</AbstractText>Eighty six perimenopausal and postmenopausal women with depression were divided into two groups, and treated for 12 weeks, respectively. Forty three received antid... |
2,315,176 | Quantitative liver functions in Turner syndrome with and without hormone replacement therapy. | Studies have documented elevated levels of liver enzymes in many females with Turner syndrome (TS). Histology has shown a range of changes. Treatment with female hormone replacement therapy (HRT) reduces liver enzymes.</AbstractText>To study quantitative liver functions in TS in detail with and without HRT.</AbstractTe... |
2,315,177 | [HRT in post menopausal women and breast cancer at the Institut Curie]. | Several recent papers have suggested the role of HRT in the development of breast cancers. From the data base of the Institut Curie we compared the clinical characteristics, histoprognosis factors and survival of a cohort of 6737 patients recorded between 1988 and 1999 in which 1482 declared having receive HRT for more... |
2,315,178 | Discontinuing hormone replacement therapy: attenuating the effect on CVD risk with lifestyle changes. | Concern about the potential risks associated with hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has left post-menopausal women and healthcare providers searching for safe and effective means for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor reduction.</AbstractText>The Woman On the Move through Activity and Nutrition study is a 5-year ... |
2,315,179 | Effects of cycle-frequency and temperature on the performance of anaerobic sequencing batch reactors (ASBRs) treating swine waste. | Anaerobic digestion of animal waste is a technically viable process for the abatement of adverse environmental impacts caused by animal wastes; however, widespread acceptance has been plagued by poor economics. This situation is dismal if the technology is adapted for treating low strength animal slurries because of la... |
2,315,180 | Electricity generation using a baffled microbial fuel cell convenient for stacking. | To make sure that microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are more convenient to stack, a baffled single-chambered MFC with two groups of electrodes sharing only one anode chamber was designed and the performance was examined. The experiments showed that the prototype MFC generated electrical power (maximum of 133 mW/m(2)) while r... |
2,315,181 | Evaluation of optic nerve head configuration in various types of optic neuropathy with Heidelberg Retina Tomograph. | To test whether Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT) is applicable to assess the optic nerve head (ONH) configuration of the atrophic phase of non-glaucomatous optic neuropathy when a default set of the reference plane is used.</AbstractText>Ten eyes with non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (NAION), 17 eyes ... |
2,315,182 | The effect of disc size and severity of disease on the diagnostic accuracy of the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph Glaucoma Probability Score. | To compare the effect of disc size and disease severity on the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT) Glaucoma Probability Score (GPS) and the Moorfields Regression Analysis (MRA) for discriminating between glaucomatous and healthy eyes.</AbstractText>Ninety-nine eyes with repeatable standard automated perimetry results sho... |
2,315,183 | [The 'cup-to-disc ratio': a comparison of TopSS, HRT II and subjective findings]. | One of the major shortcomings of longitudinal studies is the fact that instruments and technologies which were used at the beginning of the sampling might be replaced by others during the course of the study. The aim of the present work is to evaluate the relationship of optic disk parameters assessed with different me... |
2,315,184 | Ovarian cancer and hormone replacement therapy in the Million Women Study. | Ovarian cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women in the UK, with about 6700 developing the malignancy and 4600 dying from it every year. However, there is limited information about the risk of ovarian cancer associated with the use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT).</AbstractText>948,576 postmenopausal women... |
2,315,185 | Sleep improvement in an insomniac patient with global pituitary insufficiency after change from triple to quadruple cortisol replacement therapy. | Although cortisol has a distinct circadian rhythm, patients with adrenal insufficiency usually receive diurnal hydrocortisone replacement therapy (HRT), disregarding possible consequences for sleep quality. The case reported here concerns the resolution of severe insomnia in a patient with global hypopituitary insuffic... |
2,315,186 | Anaerobic degradation of dimethyl phthalate in wastewater in a UASB reactor. | Over 99% of dimethyl phthalate (DMP) and 93% of chemical oxygen demand (COD) were effectively removed in a continuous upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor from a wastewater containing 600 mg/L DMP at 8h of hydraulic retention time (HRT), corresponding to a loading rate of 3g-COD/(Ld). Each gram of sludge, exp... |
2,315,187 | Treatment of molasses wastewater by acetogenic bacteria BP103 in sequencing batch reactor (SBR) system. | Acetogenic bacteria BP103 cells could be used as the absorbent for melanoidin pigment (MP) and molasses wastewater (MWW). The maximum MP adsorption yield of this strain observed from the dead (autoclaved) cell. It was two times higher than that with resting cells. However, the MP adsorption yield of the strain was 50-6... |
2,315,188 | Treatment of organic synthesis wastewater using anaerobic packed bed and aerobic suspended growth bioreactors. | The performance of an anaerobic mesophilic packed bed reactor, with a mixture of GAC and tezontle, followed by an aerobic suspended growth system was studied for the treatment of organic chemical wastewater with a high COD concentration (22-29 g/L). The testing of the anaerobic-aerobic system was conducted in an experi... |
2,315,189 | Anaerobic digestion of blackwater from vacuum toilets and kitchen refuse in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). | The objective of this research was mesophilic anaerobic digestion of blackwater from vacuum toilets (BW) and kitchen refuse (KR) in a CSTR within an ecological sanitation system. A detailed investigation of the BW characteristics was carried out. Research on anaerobic digestion was performed with CSTR of 101 volume at ... |
2,315,190 | Grey water treatment in UASB reactor at ambient temperature. | In this paper, the feasibility of grey water treatment in a UASB reactor was investigated. The batch recirculation experiments showed that a maximum total-COD removal of 79% can be obtained in grey-water treatment in the UASB reactor. The continuous operational results of a UASB reactor treating grey water at different... |
2,315,191 | Development of an empirical mathematical model for describing and optimizing the hygiene potential of a thermophilic anaerobic bioreactor treating faeces. | Poor sanitation and insufficient disposal of sewage and faeces are primarily responsible for water associated health problems in developing countries. Domestic sewage and faeces are prevalently discharged into surface waters which are used by the inhabitants as a source for drinking water. This paper presents a decentr... |
2,315,192 | Towards a unification of hierarchical reference theory and self-consistent Ornstein-Zernike approximation: analysis of exactly solvable mean-spherical and generalized mean-spherical models. | The hierarchical reference theory (HRT) and the self-consistent Ornstein-Zernike approximation (SCOZA) are two liquid state theories that both furnish a largely satisfactory description of the critical region as well as the phase coexistence and equation of state in general. Furthermore, there are a number of similarit... |
2,315,193 | Effect of HRT and slurry concentration on biogas production in cattle dung based anaerobic bioreactors. | The effect of three different cattle dung slurry concentrations (1:1, 1:4 and 1:9) at three different HRTs of 20, 30 and 40 days was studied at pilot scale for one year. The results showed that both biogas yield and methane content of gas obtained in 1:4 and 1:9 slurry concentrations were significantly higher than thos... |
2,315,194 | Comparison of the performance of submerged membrane bioreactor (SMBR) and submerged membrane adsorption bioreactor (SMABR). | This study focuses on comparing the performance of submerged membrane bioreactor (SMBR) and submerged membrane adsorption bioreactor (SMABR) over a period of 20 days at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 3.1h. The effects of PAC on critical flux and membrane fouling were also investigated. The SMABR exhibited better r... |
2,315,195 | Colon cancer risk and different HRT formulations: a case-control study. | Most studies have found no increased risk of colon cancer associated with hormone replacement therapy (HRT), or even a decreased risk. But information about the effects of different HRT preparations is lacking.</AbstractText>A case-control study was performed within Germany in collaboration with regional cancer registr... |
2,315,196 | The effects of short-term hormone replacement therapy on long-term bone mineral density. | Short-term hormone replacement therapy (HRT) relieves menopausal symptoms and increases bone mineral density (BMD), but bone loss reoccurs upon discontinuation. This study assesses whether short-term HRT provides long-term BMD benefits.</AbstractText>This was a prospective study of women aged 50-54 years followed up fo... |
2,315,197 | Neutral effect of ultra-low-dose continuous combined estradiol and norethisterone acetate on mammographic breast density. | To compare the effects of two different ultra-low doses of continuous combined hormone therapy and placebo on mammographic breast density in postmenopausal women.</AbstractText>A subpopulation of 255 postmenopausal women from the CHOICE trial were randomly assigned to 0.5 mg 17beta-estradiol (E2) + 0.25 mg norethistero... |
2,315,198 | Number of women needed in a prospective trial to prove potential cardiovascular benefit of hormone replacement therapy. | Hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) may be beneficial for the cardiovascular system if hormones are given shortly after the onset of menopause. So far, no randomized trial has provided conclusive results.</AbstractText>Based on Belgian population data, we calculated the number of women that should be included in a prosp... |
2,315,199 | Impact of women's health initiative study on attitude and acceptance of hormone replacement therapy in Thai women attending menopause clinics. | To assess the attitude and acceptance of Thai women attending menopause clinics on hormone replacement therapy (HRT) after the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) publication.</AbstractText>A standardized questionnaire was used to assess attitude and acceptance of HRT in 1,206 women who visited menopause clinics in six hos... |
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