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2,315,300 | Nitrogen mass balance and microbial analysis of constructed wetlands treating municipal landfill leachate. | Experiments were conducted to investigate the feasibility of applying constructed wetlands (CW) to treat a sanitary landfill leachate containing high nitrogen (TN) and bacterial contents. Under the tropical conditions (temperature of about 30 degres C), the CW units operating at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 8 da... |
2,315,301 | Breast density and polymorphisms in genes coding for CYP1A2 and COMT: the Multiethnic Cohort. | Mammographic density is a strong predictor of breast cancer risk and is increased by hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Some associations with genetic polymorphisms in enzymes involved in estrogen metabolism have been described. This cross-sectional analysis examined the relation between mammographic density and the CY... |
2,315,302 | Life prevalence and determinants of hormone replacement therapy in women living in Porto, Portugal. | To survey the life prevalence and determinants of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in Portugal.</AbstractText>We evaluated 908 women with mean age (standard deviation) 62.3 (9.6) years, as part of the assembling of a cohort of adults, representative of Porto inhabitants. Extensive data collection was conducted and inc... |
2,315,303 | Operation and model description of a sequencing batch reactor treating reject water for biological nitrogen removal via nitrite. | The aim of this study was the operation and model description of a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) for biological nitrogen removal (BNR) from a reject water (800-900 mg NH(4)(+)-NL(-1)) from a municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The SBR was operated with three cycles per day, temperature 30 degrees C, SRT 11 da... |
2,315,304 | Hormone replacement therapy and risk for coronary heart disease. Data from the CORA-study--a case-control study on women with incident coronary heart disease. | Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has been suggested to prevent cardiovascular disease, while some intervention studies have shed doubt on this concept. Thus, uncertainty remains whether current HRT use is beneficial as to cardiovascular disease or may even be harmful.</AbstractText>This research investigates the assoc... |
2,315,305 | The effects of hormone replacement therapy and resistance training on spine bone mineral density in early postmenopausal women. | This study evaluated the additive effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and a 1-year site-specific resistance-training (RT) program involving two free weight exercises (i.e., squat and deadlift) 2 days/week as a strategy to reverse or attenuate bone loss at the lumbar spine in early postmenopausal women. Partici... |
2,315,306 | Kinetic and mass balance analysis of constructed wetlands treating landfill leachate. | Experiments were conducted to investigate the feasibility of applying constructed wetlands to treat a sanitary landfill leachate containing high nitrogen (TN) and bacterial contents. Two-pilot scale subsurface-flow constructed wetland (SFCW) units located at the Asian Institute of Technology, Thailand, campus, were fed... |
2,315,307 | Anaerobic biodegradability and treatment of grey water in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor. | Feasibility of grey water treatment in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor operated at different hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 16, 10 and 6h and controlled temperature of 30 degrees C was investigated. Moreover, the maximum anaerobic biodegradability without inoculum addition and maximum removal of ch... |
2,315,308 | Breast cancer in the elderly: histological, hormonal and surgical characteristics. | The characteristics, menstrual risk factors and surgical therapy of 187 consecutive patients more than 70 years of age (mean: 75.9) were investigated and compared with those of 609 patients less than 70 years of age (mean: 53.9). There was no difference in stage, size, state of axillary nodes, grade, histological types... |
2,315,309 | High spatial resolution speckle tracking improves accuracy of 2-dimensional strain measurements: an update on a new method in functional echocardiography. | We previously found that a 2-dimensional (2D) strain echocardiography method had some limitations in the assessment of low magnitudes and rates of deformation. Here, we study whether a recently introduced high spatial resolution speckle tracking (HRT) method improves accuracy of 2D strain measurements.</AbstractText>A ... |
2,315,310 | Study on biomethonization of waste water from jam industries. | Anaerobic digestion of wastewater from jam industries was studied in a continuous reactor with different organic loading rates (OLR) and the optimum organic loading rate was 6.5 kg COD/m(3)/day when it was operated with three days HRT. The biodegradability of wastewater in batch experiments was about 90%. The removal e... |
2,315,311 | Efficacy on menopausal neurovegetative symptoms and some plasma lipids blood levels of an herbal product containing isoflavones and other plant extracts. | To assess the efficacy of a product containing isoflavones and other plant extracts (BIO) on whole menopausal symptomatology and plasma lipids profile.</AbstractText>Multicentre, randomized, double blind, placebo controlled clinical investigation on 125 menopausal women randomly assigned to two groups treated for 6 mon... |
2,315,312 | Membrane-coupled fungi reactor--an innovative approach to bioremediation of hazardous dye wastewater. | Owing to the inherent shortcomings of conventional biological dye effluent treatment processes, researchers have proposed diverse intriguing approaches that await practical implementation. This study demonstrates the feasibility of an innovative membrane-coupled fungi reactor. Preliminary batch tests revealed the notew... |
2,315,313 | [Oral osteoporosis: a review and its dental implications]. | In post-menopausal osteoporosis, lack of estrogen will affect the remodeling of the bone tissue in such a way that, in most patients with periodontitis, the amount of bone resorbed exceeds that being formed, resulting in net bone loss. Osteoporosis can be treated by a variety of methods, the hormone replacement therapy... |
2,315,314 | [Pulmonary metastases from endometrial stromal sarcoma may benefit from hormone therapy]. | Low grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) often expresses oestrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptors, even in metastatic disease. These receptors may also be hormone dependent.</AbstractText>Two years after the institution of oestrogen replacement therapy (HRT) a woman of 56 presented with haemoptysis which led t... |
2,315,315 | Effect of temperature, hydraulic residence time and elevated PCO2 on acid neutralization within a pulsed limestone bed reactor. | Limestone has potential for reducing reagent costs and sludge volume associated with treatment of acid mine drainage, but its use is restricted by slow dissolution rates and the deposition of Fe, Al and Mn-based hydrolysis products on reactive surfaces. We evaluated a pulsed limestone bed (PLB) reactor (15 L/min capaci... |
2,315,316 | Genetic variation in estrogen receptor, C-reactive protein and fibrinogen does not predict the plasma levels of inflammation markers after longterm hormone replacement therapy. | Markers of inflammation, such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen, are associated with the risk of atherothrombosis. Plasma levels of these markers of inflammation are affected by hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and modulated by smoking. We studied whether genetic variation in the estrogen receptor- 1 (ESR1), ... |
2,315,317 | Anoxic sulfide biooxidation using nitrite as electron acceptor. | Biotechnology can be used to assess the well being of ecosystems, transform pollutants into benign substances, generate biodegradable materials from renewable sources, and develop environmentally safe manufacturing and disposal processes. Simultaneous elimination of sulfide and nitrite from synthetic wastewaters was in... |
2,315,318 | Biofuels generation from sweet sorghum: fermentative hydrogen production and anaerobic digestion of the remaining biomass. | The present study focuses on the exploitation of sweet sorghum biomass as a source for hydrogen and methane. Fermentative hydrogen production from the sugars of sweet sorghum extract was investigated at different hydraulic retention times (HRT). The subsequent methane production from the effluent of the hydrogenogenic ... |
2,315,319 | Cost-effectiveness of continuous combined hormone replacement therapy in long-term use: economic evaluation based on a 9-year study in Finland. | To investigate the cost-effectiveness of continuous combined hormone replacement therapy (ccHRT) (Indivina) in postmenopausal women in Finland treated for up to nine consecutive years in the course of a randomised controlled trial.</AbstractText>In-study event data were accrued for cardiac and vascular events, cancers ... |
2,315,320 | [Treatment of landfill leachate using sequential anaerobic/aerobic moving-bed biofilm reactor]. | A sequential anaerobic-aerobic moving-bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) was employed to treat landfill leachate produced from disposal of municipal solid waste. The affecting operation conditions were investigated, and the affecting mechanism was also analyzed. The results showed that the HRT and organic loading rate (OLR) co... |
2,315,321 | Retinotopic organization of primary visual cortex in glaucoma: a method for comparing cortical function with damage to the optic disk. | To demonstrate that the relationship between the functional organization of primary visual cortex (V1) and damage to the optic disc in humans with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) can be measured using a novel method for projecting scotomas onto the flattened cortical representation.</AbstractText>Six subjects partic... |
2,315,322 | Influence of endogenous and exogenous sex hormones on plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor. | Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a mediator of neuronal plasticity and influences learning, memory and cognitive behaviour. The aim of this study is to assess plasma BDNF variations according to hormonal status.</AbstractText>A total of 60 subjects were included: 20 fertile ovulatory women, 15 amenorrhoeic w... |
2,315,323 | Aerobic and two-stage anaerobic-aerobic sludge digestion with pure oxygen and air aeration. | The degradability of excess activated sludge from a wastewater treatment plant was studied. The objective was establishing the degree of degradation using either air or pure oxygen at different temperatures. Sludge treated with pure oxygen was degraded at temperatures from 22 degrees C to 50 degrees C while samples tre... |
2,315,324 | Evaluation of neuroprotective effects of long-term low dose hormone replacement therapy on postmenopausal women brain hippocampus using magnetic resonance scanner. | To investigate the effects of long-term low dose hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on postmenopausal women in hormone level, cognition score, hippocampus volume, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) parameters.</AbstractText>A total of 182 postmenopausal women aged 50-87 years were chosen at Peking Union Medical C... |
2,315,325 | Increasing hydraulic residence time in constructed stormwater treatment wetlands with designed bottom topography. | The treatment efficiency of wetlands depends primarily on the residence time of the polluted storm water (Walker, 1998). Because of this, increasing hydraulic residence times (HRTs) at various flow levels will increase the treatment efficiency of constructed wetlands. In this research, the effects of characteristic bot... |
2,315,326 | The influence of acute and 23 days of intermittent hypoxic exposures on the exercise-induced forehead sweating response. | The effect of acute and 23 days of intermittent exposures to normobaric hypoxia on the forehead sweating response during steady-state exercise was investigated. Eight endurance athletes slept in a normobaric hypoxic room for a minimum of 8 h per day at a simulated altitude equivalent to 2,700 m for 23 days (sleep high-... |
2,315,327 | Self-concept and menopause among mid-life women: a survey in southern Taiwan. | The purpose of this study was to understand the self-concept of community women in southern Taiwan during mid-life and its relationship with menopause symptoms. Women between 45 and 55 years of age were selected by simple cluster random sampling process from a name list obtained from the Household Registrar Office in o... |
2,315,328 | Peer-support in coping with medical uncertainty: discussion of oophorectomy and hormone replacement therapy on a web-based message board. | The Facing Our Risk of Cancer Empowered (FORCE) website is devoted to women at risk for hereditary breast and ovarian cancers (HBOC). To understand the unique health concerns and emotional support needs of these women, we examined threads on the FORCE archived message boards with relevance to the broader HBOC community... |
2,315,329 | Biodegradation of distillery spent wash in anaerobic hybrid reactor. | A lab-scale anaerobic hybrid (combining sludge blanket and filter) reactor was operated in a continuous mode to study anaerobic biodegradation of distillery-spent wash. The study demonstrated that at optimum hydraulic retention time (HRT), 5 days and organic loading rate (OLR), 8.7kgCOD/m(3)d, the COD removal efficienc... |
2,315,330 | [Heidelberg Retina Tomograph II topographic parameters, diagnostic capabilities of moorfields regression analysis, and their affecting factors]. | To investigate optic disc topographic parameters at every stage in glaucoma patients and to compare results with data from normal Japanese subjects. We used a Heidelberg Retina Tomograph II (HRT II), to evaluate the sector diagnostic capabilities of Moorfields regression analysis in early glaucoma patients, and to dete... |
2,315,331 | An intelligent data mining model approach for adverse effects of hormone replacement therapy. | A number of controversial studies have been reported on the potential risk of breast cancer caused by hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Some studies showed a positive relationship between HRT and breast cancer onset, but other studies have not confirmed these results. To clarify the contradictory outcomes in the relat... |
2,315,332 | Large diurnal variation of intraocular pressure despite maximal medical treatment in juvenile open angle glaucoma. | To report the clinical significance of large fluctuations in intraocular pressure (IOP) and the effect of trabeculectomy on diurnal IOP variations in 2 cases of maximally medically treated juvenile open angle glaucoma (JOAG).</AbstractText>A 24-hour IOP monitoring was performed before and after trabeculectomy on both e... |
2,315,333 | A comparison of the performance of mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic filters treating papermill wastewater. | Two anaerobic filters, one mesophilic (35 degrees C) and one thermophilic (55 degrees C), were operated with a papermill wastewater at a series of organic loadings. The hydraulic retention time (HRT) ranged from 6 to 24 h with organic loading rates (OLR) 1.07-12.25 g/l per day. At loading rates up to 8.4 g COD/l d, the... |
2,315,334 | Mathematical modeling of copper(II) ion inhibition on COD removal in an activated sludge unit. | A mathematical model was developed to describe the Cu(II) ion inhibition on chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal from synthetic wastewater containing 15 mg l(-1) Cu(II) in an activated sludge unit. Experimental data obtained at different sludge ages (5-30 days) and hydraulic residence times (HRT) (5-25 h) were used to ... |
2,315,335 | Hormone replacement therapy and headache prevalence in postmenopausal women. The Head-HUNT study. | Conflicting evidence exists whether hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is a risk factor for headache. The aim of the study was to examine the prevalence of headache and migraine amongst postmenopausal women using HRT. In the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study 1995-97 (HUNT 2), 18,323 (62%) out of 29,679 women aged 40 year... |
2,315,336 | Optic disc tomography and perimetry in controls, glaucoma suspects, and early and established glaucomas. | To analyze the priority of morphological and functional defects in glaucoma.</AbstractText>Nine-hundred seventy-three eyes of 973 subjects were examined with Heidelberg retinal tomograph (HRT II) and Octopus 311 perimeter (TOP strategy). These included 72 controls (C), 659 early and suspect open angle glaucoma (ESG) wi... |
2,315,337 | Effect of the Women's Health Initiative study publication on hormone replacement therapy use among women who have undergone BRCA1/2 testing. | Since the publication, in July 2002, of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) study, use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has decreased substantially in the general population. However, little is known about the effect of WHI study results on HRT use among women at high risk of breast cancer. The purpose of this stud... |
2,315,338 | Optimizing the monitoring strategy of wastewater treatment plants by multiobjective neural networks approach. | This paper applies artificial neural network (ANN) to model the observed effluent quality data. The ANN's structure, involving the number of hidden layer and node and their connection, is determined endogenously by resorting to the compromise of data cost minimization and prediction accuracy maximization. To obtain the... |
2,315,339 | A comprehensive review of the safety and efficacy of bioidentical hormones for the management of menopause and related health risks. | Numerous forms of estrogens and progestins are utilized for the treatment of menopausal complaints and associated conditions that occur temporally. Although known to be different with respect to molecular structure, receptor affinity, metabolism, and other physiological traits, most have been treated as if they were cl... |
2,315,340 | [Hormone replacement therapy and cognitive function]. | Observational studies have suggested that postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may improve cognitive function, but data from randomized clinical trials have been sparse and inconclusive. The effects of HRT on dementia and mild cognitive impairment were assessed in a subgroup of participants in the Women's H... |
2,315,341 | Assessment of mammographic density changes on plain film mammograms in postmenopausal women on hormone replacement therapy. | <AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">Mammographic screening is an effective tool for the early detection of breast cancer. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has been shown to increase mammographic density and thus may hinder early detection of small tumours. We undertook this study ... |
2,315,342 | Development of an improved anaerobic filter for municipal wastewater treatment. | Development of an improved reactor configuration of anaerobic filter was carried out for the elimination of clogging of filter media. The experiments over different hydraulic retention times (HRTs) indicated that the HRT of 12 h was the most appropriate one for the system studied while treating the municipal wastewater... |
2,315,343 | Determination of denitrifying sludge settleability using contact angle measurements. | The adaptation of the technique for measuring the contact angle (CA) in order to follow the changes of sludge settleability of a denitrifying sludge surface is described. Denitrifying sludge was continuously fed into an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor with acetate and nitrate. The loss of settleability i... |
2,315,344 | Effects of low-dose continuous combined hormone replacement therapy on glucose homeostasis and markers of cardiovascular risk in women with type 2 diabetes. | Low-dose hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has attracted interest for the treatment of postmenopausal symptoms in diabetes because of concerns about increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke with conventional HRT containing conjugated equine oestrogens (CEEs) and medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA).</Abst... |
2,315,345 | Risk of ischemic stroke and lifetime estrogen exposure. | Estrogen loss has been related to higher incidence of stroke in postmenopausal women, but randomized trials have demonstrated an increased risk of stroke in women receiving hormone replacement therapy (HRT).</AbstractText>To assess the relationship between exposure to endogenous ovarian hormones and the risk of noncard... |
2,315,346 | Past-users of HRT are osteopenic four months after discontinuation:an observational and cross-sectional study. | Hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) helps to prevent osteoporosis. The effect of short-term discontinuation of a long-term HRT on bone mineral density (BMD) in healthy post-menopausal women is unknown. Fifteen women on HRT (HRT users), 17 who never used HRT (non-users) and 8 former HRT users (past-HRT users) were recrui... |
2,315,347 | [Diagnostic usefulness of optical coherence tomography (OCT), scanning laser tomography (HRT-II) and laser polarimetry (GDx) in open-angle glaucoma]. | To evaluate the diagnostic ability of three digital imaging technologies (HRT-II, OCT and GDx VCC) in detecting glaucomatous damage.</AbstractText>A total of 427 eyes from 427 subjects were included in this cross-sectional study. Each subject was classified as healthy, ocular hypertensive or glaucomatous, according to ... |
2,315,348 | Postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy: endometrial and breast effects. | The history of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) dates back to the late 1800s, when animal extracts of ovaries were first used. With the development of synthetic hormones, widespread use in postmenopausal women extended throughout the industrialized world, so that by the late 1900s roughly one-third to one-half of all ... |
2,315,349 | Performance of anaerobic thermophilic fluidized bed in the treatment of cutting-oil wastewater. | This paper examines the effect of organic loading rate on the removal efficiency of COD and TOC anaerobic thermophilic fluidized bed reactor (AFBR) in the treatment of cutting-oil wastewater at different hydraulic retention time (HRT) conditions. The essays are development at laboratory scale using a porous support med... |
2,315,350 | Analysis of consumer information brochures on osteoporosis prevention and treatment. | <b>Ziel: </b>Evidenzbasierte Informationen sind die Voraussetzung für informierte Entscheidungen von Verbrauchern bzw. Patienten. Die Qualität von Verbraucher-Informationsbroschüren zum Thema Osteoporose ist bislang nicht untersucht. In der vorliegenden Analyse wurde geprüft, ob die in Deutschland v... |
2,315,351 | Use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) among women aged 45-64 years in the German EPIC-cohorts. | To describe the prevalence and to assess type and indicators of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) use in the two German EPIC-cohorts.</AbstractText>Approximately 30,000 women predominantly aged 35-65 years were recruited in EPIC-Heidelberg and EPIC-Potsdam between 1994 and 1998. Information on diet and lifestyle, medic... |
2,315,352 | Controversies in prostate cancer staging implementation at a tertiary cancer center. | To assess accuracy of recorded prostate cancer stage after implementation of a quality assurance staging improvement plan.</AbstractText>Genitourinary multidisciplinary TNM staging guidelines were prospectively implemented. Educational programs for health records technicians (HRT) and clinicians preceded implementation... |
2,315,353 | ESR1, AR, body size, and breast cancer risk in Hispanic and non-Hispanic white women living in the Southwestern United States. | Estrogen and androgen are thought to influence breast cancer risk. The actions of estrogens and androgens are mediated through the respective receptors. In this study we examine the association of the Xb1 polymorphism of estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) and the CAG repeat of the androgen receptor (AR) gene with risk of b... |
2,315,354 | Molecular monitoring of microbial population dynamics during operational periods of anaerobic hybrid reactor treating cassava starch wastewater. | This study characterized the microbial community and population dynamics in an anaerobic hybrid reactor (AHR) treating cassava starch wastewater. Methanogens and nonmethanogens were followed during the start-up and operation of the reactor, and linked to operational and performance data. Biomass samples taken from the ... |
2,315,355 | Association between estrogen receptor alpha and beta gene polymorphisms and deep vein thrombosis. | Estrogen and the estrogen receptors alpha (ESR1) and beta (ESR2) play a role in regulating genes, including coagulation and fibrinolysis genes.</AbstractText>We investigated the association between ESR1 c.454-397T>C and c.454-351A>G and ESR2 1082A>G and 1730A>G polymorphisms and the risk of deep vein thromb... |
2,315,356 | Plasma organochlorine concentrations and bone ultrasound measurements: a cross-sectional study in peri-and postmenopausal Inuit women from Greenland. | Inuit women are highly exposed through their traditional seafood based diet to organochlorine compounds, some of them displaying endocrine disrupting properties. We hypothesized that this exposure might be related to bone characteristics that are altered in osteoporosis, because hormone deficiency is a known risk facto... |
2,315,357 | Decolourisation of a synthetic textile effluent using a bacterial consortium. | In the present study we examined the performance of a thermoalkalophilic bacterial consortium, where the predominant strain was Bacillus sp. SF, in the degradation of Reactive Black 5 (RB5). We used a reactor working in continuous mode and investigated the effects of pH, hydraulic retention time (HRT) and several added... |
2,315,358 | Spanish post-menopausal women's viewpoints on hormone therapy. | The purpose of this study was to identify women's socio-demographic and climacteric factors, as well as other variables related to health care, associated with the prescription of the treatment during menopause and to investigate the prevalence of certain conditioning factors in early discontinuation in women aged 40-6... |
2,315,359 | Skin climacteric aging and hormone replacement therapy. | A gender perspective is indispensable for a full understanding of aging. Menopause is a turning point in women's lives. In addition to the effects of chronological aging, sunlight exposure, and other environmental and endogenous stimuli, the climacteric appears to exert some dramatic consequences on skin biology and as... |
2,315,360 | hTERT/re-caspase-3 system induce apoptosis in hTERT-positive cancer cells. | Apoptosis induction is a promising approach for the treatment of human cancer. To achieve this purpose, the design of an expression system capable to induce apoptosis specifically in cancer cells is essential. Telomerase is an attractive target for delivery of apoptotic genes as an overwhelming majority of cancers have... |
2,315,361 | Hormone replacement therapy. | HRT should not be used for the prevention or treatment of chronic disease (eg, heart disease, osteoporosis, dementia). HRT is effective in alleviating moderate to severe menopausal symptoms. Clinicians must be aware of the risks and benefits of HRT and discuss them thoroughly with their patients. As new forms and lower... |
2,315,362 | Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) treatment of supernatant of cow manure by thermal pre-treatment. | Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) methane fermentation treatment of cow manure that was subjected to screw pressing, thermal treatment and subsequent solid-liquid separation was studied. Conducting batch scale tests at temperatures between 140 and 180 degrees C, the optimal temperature for sludge settling and the ... |
2,315,363 | Application of a combined process of moving-bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) and chemical coagulation for dyeing wastewater treatment. | A combined process consisted of a Moving-Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) and chemical coagulation was investigated for textile wastewater treatment. The pilot scale MBBR system is composed of three MBBRs (anaerobic, aerobic-1 and aerobic-2 in series), each reactor was filled with 20% (v/v) of polyurethane-activated carbon (... |
2,315,364 | Population dynamics of anaerobic microbial consortia in thermophilic methanogenic sludge treating paper-containing solid waste. | To maintain a stable thermophilic (55 degrees C) anaerobic digestion treating toilet paper-containing garbage, it is necessary to operate the digester at long hydraulic retention time (HRT) and low organic loading rate (OLR). Critical conditions of the digestion were investigated by operating the digester at HRT 23 day... |
2,315,365 | Calcium effect on fermentative hydrogen production in an anaerobic up-flow sludge blanket system. | The effects of calcium ions on a granular fermentative hydrogen production system were investigated in four lab-scale UASB reactors that fed on sucrose (20 g COD/L). The reactors were seeded with anaerobic sewage sludge microflora and operated at a temperature of 35 +/- 1 degrees, pH of 6.7 with hydraulic retention tim... |
2,315,366 | Fermentative hydrogen production in packed-bed and packing-free upflow reactors. | Fermentative hydrogen production from a synthetic wastewater containing 10 g/L of sucrose was studied in two upflow reactors at 26 degrees C for 400 days. One reactor was filled with packing rings (RP) and the other was packing free (RF). The effect of hydraulic retention time (HRT) from 2 h to 24 h was investigated. R... |
2,315,367 | Performance of high-rate sludge digesters fed with sonicated sludge. | A major limitation of anaerobic sludge digestion is the long hydraulic retention time (HRT) required for satisfactory stabilization which results in large digester size. This study explored a possibility of operating digesters at shortened HRTs by sonication pretreatment of secondary sludges. Four identical digesters d... |
2,315,368 | [Preventive effect of estrogen on cataract development]. | A number of epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that senior age at menarche and junior age at menopause are associated with an increased incidence of cataract, and that endogenous estrogen or postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may prevent cataract development. The molecular mechanisms behind this phen... |
2,315,369 | Phytoestrogens and breast cancer--promoters or protectors? | The majority of breast cancers are oestrogen dependent and in postmenopausal women the supply of oestrogens in breast tissue is derived from the peripheral conversion of circulating androgens. There is, however, a paradox concerning the epidemiology of breast cancer and the dietary intake of phytoestrogens that bind we... |
2,315,370 | Biosorption and biodegradation of pentachlorophenol (PCP) in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor. | In order to understand the fate of PCP in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASB) more completely, the sorption and biodegradation of pentachlorophenol (PCP) by anaerobic sludge granules were investigated. The anaerobic granular sludge degrading PCP was formed in UASB reactor, which was seeded with anaerobic slu... |
2,315,371 | Development of low-dose reproductive hormone therapies in China. | A historical account is presented of the development of sex hormone treatment from its beginning at the Peking Union Medical College to its present-day generalization throughout China. The general theme of this work has been to test low-dose hormone regimens. Notable successes include low-dose oral contraception and me... |
2,315,372 | Continuous ethanol fermentation of cheese whey powder solution: effects of hydraulic residence time. | Continuous ethanol fermentation of cheese whey powder solution was realized using pure culture of Kluyveromyces marxianus (DSMZ 7239) at hydraulic residence times (HRT) between 12.5 and 60 h. Sugar utilization, ethanol and biomass formation were investigated as functions of HRT. Effluent sugar concentration decreased, ... |
2,315,373 | Effective partial nitrification to nitrite by down-flow hanging sponge reactor under limited oxygen condition. | Combining the processes of partial nitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) is an attractive wastewater-treatment technology for nitrogen removal. In this study we investigated partial nitrification by implementing a closed down-flow hanging sponge (DHS) reactor operated at controlled oxygen concentrati... |
2,315,374 | Treatment of pesticide wastewater by moving-bed biofilm reactor combined with Fenton-coagulation pretreatment. | In order to treat pesticide wastewater having high chemical oxygen demand (COD) value and poor biodegradability, Fenton-coagulation process was first used to reduce COD and improve biodegradability and then was followed by biological treatment. Optimal experimental conditions for the Fenton process were determined to b... |
2,315,375 | Glaucoma detection with the Heidelberg retina tomograph 3. | To compare the ability of the Heidelberg retina tomograph version 3 (HRT 3) and HRT version 2 (HRT 2) to discriminate between healthy and glaucomatous eyes.</AbstractText>Retrospective cross-sectional study.</AbstractText>Seventy-one eyes of 71 healthy volunteers and 50 eyes of 50 glaucoma patients were studied. The av... |
2,315,376 | Removal of high phenol concentrations with adapted activated sludge in suspended form and entrapped in calcium alginate /cross-linked poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) hydrogels. | The present work evaluates the aerobic removal of 0.25-2 g/L of phenol by adapted activated sludge in batch and continuous reactors, in suspended form and trapped in polymeric hydrogel beads of calcium alginate(1%) and cross-linked poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone), x-PVP (4%). The mechanical and chemical resistance of the ent... |
2,315,377 | Hormone-Balancing Effect of Pre-Gelatinized Organic Maca (Lepidium peruvianum Chacon): (III) Clinical responses of early-postmenopausal women to Maca in double blind, randomized, Placebo-controlled, crossover configuration, outpatient study. | This is the second, conclusive part of the clinical study on clinical responses of early-postmenopausal women to standardized doses of pre-Gelatinized Organic Maca (Maca-GO). Total of 34 Caucasian women volunteers participated in a double-blind, randomized, four months outpatient crossover configuration Trial. After fu... |
2,315,378 | Hormone-Balancing Effect of Pre-Gelatinized Organic Maca (Lepidium peruvianum Chacon): (II) Physiological and Symptomatic Responses of Early-Postmenopausal Women to Standardized doses of Maca in Double Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Multi-Centre Clinical Study. | This was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-corrected, outpatient, multi-centre (five sites) clinical study, in which a total of 168 Caucasian early-postmenopausal women volunteers (age>49 years) participated after fulfilling the criteria: follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) >30 IU/ml and estrogen (E2) <40 pg/... |
2,315,379 | Insulin resistance and body composition in Turner syndrome: Effect of sequential change in the route of estrogen administration. | The aim of the present study was to examine the impact of sequential change in the route of estrogen administration on body composition and insulin resistance in patients with Turner syndrome (TS) using cyclical hormone replacement therapy (HRT) with conjugated equine estrogens (CEE) plus medroxyprogesterone acetate (M... |
2,315,380 | Effects of sex and hormone replacement therapy use on the prevalence of isolated impaired fasting glucose and isolated impaired glucose tolerance in subjects with a family history of type 2 diabetes. | Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) is more prevalent in men and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) more prevalent in women. To explore whether this sex difference is related to female sex hormones, we performed a cross-sectional analysis of data from 2,164 (1,329 women and 835 men) first-degree relatives of individuals with ... |
2,315,381 | The effect of hormone replacement therapy on mood and everyday memory in younger mid-life women. | Research on the effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on both mood and memory indicates that oestrogen may enhance verbal memory in younger mid-aged women. This study examined the effect of HRT on everyday memory, while accounting for mood changes, in women between ages 40 and 60. A within-subjects comparison of ... |
2,315,382 | Ethanolic extracts of black cohosh (Actaea racemosa) inhibit growth and oestradiol synthesis from oestrone sulphate in breast cancer cells. | Extracts of black cohosh (Actaea racemosa) and soy are used as 'natural' alternatives to conventional hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and there is some evidence that soy may protect against breast cancer by inhibiting the production of active oestrogens. This study compares the action of ethanolic extracts of black c... |
2,315,383 | The association between body mass index and osteoporosis in patients referred for a bone mineral density examination. | Osteoporosis affects 4-6 million (13%-18%) postmenopausal white women in the United States. Most studies to date on risk factors for osteoporosis have considered body mass index (BMI) only as a possible confounder. In this study, we assess the direct relationship between BMI and osteoporosis.</AbstractText>We conducted... |
2,315,384 | Assessment of osteoclast number and function: application in the development of new and improved treatment modalities for bone diseases. | Numerous experimental and clinical observations suggest that overall changes in bone resorption during menopause or treatment with hormone replacement therapy (HRT) are combined effects of changes in osteoclast number and function. Moreover, due to a coupling between osteoclastic bone resorption and osteoblastic bone f... |
2,315,385 | Automated analysis of heidelberg retina tomograph optic disc images by glaucoma probability score. | To compare the diagnostic performance of the Heidelberg Retinal Tomograph's (HRT; Heidelberg Engineering GmbH, Dossenheim, Germany) glaucoma probability score (GPS), an automated, contour line-independent method of optic disc analysis with that of the Moorfields regression analysis (MRA).</AbstractText>HRT images were ... |
2,315,386 | Measurement variability in Heidelberg Retina Tomograph imaging of neuroretinal rim area. | To investigate the optimal frequency of imaging during follow-up to detect glaucoma progression by characterizing variability (noise) in neuroretinal rim area (RA) measured by Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT; Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany).</AbstractText>RA noise was estimated from patient data and chara... |
2,315,387 | A study of the factors related to intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery amongst rural middle age individuals in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. | There is very little data regarding the factors related to intima-media thickness (IMT) of the common carotid artery in normal individuals in those with non-insulin diabetes mellitus and perimenopausal women in Southeast Asian countries. Ultrasound imaging evaluating the carotid artery IMT in those with diabetes and th... |
2,315,388 | Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification with anoxic phosphorus uptake in a membrane bioreactor system. | The performance of an innovative membrane bioreactor (MBR) process using anoxic phosphorus uptake with nitrification and denitrification for the treatment of municipal wastewater with respect to operational performance and effluent quality is addressed in this paper. The system was operated at steady-state conditions w... |
2,315,389 | Removal of organic pollutants from 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobenzidine (TCB) industrial wastewater by micro-electrochemical oxidation and air-stripping. | A feasible method for treatment of the wastewater from the two-staged neutralization in 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobenzidine (TCB) manufacturing processes, a refractory dye intermediate effluents, based on combined micro-electrochemical oxidation or iron-chipping filtration (ICF) and air-stripping reactor (ASR), was develope... |
2,315,390 | [Effects of hydraulic retention time (HRT) on nitrification performance and microbial community of conventional activated sludge (CAS)]. | A conventional activated sludge system was used to treat the ammonium-bearing inorganic wastewater for 260 days under decreased HRTs. When treating 500 mg x L(-1) NH4+ -N wastewater, over 98% ammonia removal could be obtained at HRT > or =20 h. Sharp washout of biomass occurred when HRT was further decreased, result... |
2,315,391 | [Nitritation-ANAMMOX process for treatment of ammonium rich wastewater]. | Combination of a nitritation process and anoxic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) process for the treatment of ammonia rich influents is evaluated. Herein the combined process was studied with manmade synthetic wastewater. Research results show that when the hydraulic retention time (HRT) was I day, the nitritation activity... |
2,315,392 | Effects of temperature and hydraulic retention time on anaerobic digestion of food waste. | A modified three-stage methane fermentation system was developed to digest food waste efficiently. This system consisted of three stages: semianaerobic hydrolysis, anaerobic acidogenesis and strictly anaerobic methanogenesis. In this study, we examined the effects of temperature and hydraulic retention time (HRT) on th... |
2,315,393 | Some properties of a sequencing batch reactor for treatment of wastewater containing thiocyanate compounds. | Thiocyanate (SCN) compounds in photo-processing wastewater (PPWW) could be treated by an SBR system without any release of thiocyanate to the atmosphere during the aeration step. An SCN loading greater than 84 g m(-3)d(-1) showed negative effects on the growth of bio-sludge and removal efficiencies of the system. The a... |
2,315,394 | Intravital microscopy of leukocyte-endothelial dynamics using the Heidelberg confocal laser microscope in scleritis and allergic conjunctivitis. | To examine leukocyte-endothelial cell rolling and arrest in human ocular vessels overlying sites of inflammation in various ocular inflammatory diseases in comparison to normal controls using the Heidelberg confocal laser microscope, which provides images with greater clarity and resolution than the tandem scanning mic... |
2,315,395 | Understanding the oestrogen action in experimental and clinical atherosclerosis. | Whereas hormone replacement/menopause therapy (HRT) in postmenopausal women increases the coronary artery risk, epidemiological studies (protection in premenopaused women) suggest and experimental studies (prevention of the development of fatty streaks in animals) demonstrate a major atheroprotective action of oestradi... |
2,315,396 | Decision making in cancer primary prevention and chemoprevention. | We know very little about how individuals decide to undertake, maintain, or discontinue cancer primary prevention or chemoprevention.</AbstractText>The aims of this article are to (a) examine whether and, if so, how traditional health behavior change models are relevant for decision making in this area; (b) review the ... |
2,315,397 | Is bio-identical hormone replacement therapy safer than traditional hormone replacement therapy?: a critical appraisal of cardiovascular risks in menopausal women. | Recent clinical trials have demonstrated an increase in the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women using oral hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Bio-identical HRT (BHRT) is widely used by alternative healthcare practitioners for the treatment of symptoms of menopause, with the prevailing assumption that BHRT pro... |
2,315,398 | Assessment of a race-specific normative HRT-III database to differentiate glaucomatous from normal eyes. | To determine if a new, normative, race-specific database enhances the ability of confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy to differentiate normal from glaucomatous eyes.</AbstractText>One eye of eligible normal and glaucoma patients was enrolled. All subjects underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination, standard achr... |
2,315,399 | Type and duration of exogenous hormone use affects breast cancer histology. | It is unclear whether hormone replacement therapy (HRT), in addition to increasing risk for breast cancer, affects the type of breast cancer diagnosed. We conducted this investigation to assess whether the type of hormone used (none, estrogen, progesterone, or combined) and duration of use influences subsequent breast ... |
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