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700 | Comparison of the effectiveness of intravenous diltiazem and metoprolol in the management of rapid ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation. | To compare the effectiveness of intravenous (IV) diltiazem and metoprolol in the management of rapid ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation (AF).</AbstractText>This prospective, randomised study was conducted in the Emergency Department of the Uludag University Medical Faculty Hospital, Bursa, Turkey. Forty AF patient... |
701 | Psychological stress preceding idiopathic ventricular fibrillation. | Emotional stress is well established as a trigger of sudden death in the context of coronary heart disease (CHD), but its role in patients experiencing cardiac arrest with apparently normal hearts is unknown. This study sought to determine the role of psychosocial stress as a precipitant of cardiac arrest in patients w... |
702 | Cellular mechanisms underlying the development of catecholaminergic ventricular tachycardia.<Pagination><StartPage>2727</StartPage><EndPage>2733</EndPage><MedlinePgn>2727-33</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">Mutations in the ryanodine 2 receptor (RyR2) gene hav... | Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most widely spread type of arrhythmias and is characterized by the high rate of disability and mortality among the patients of cardiological profile. Despite the significant achievements in heart rhythm disorders management, selection of the optimal tactics for AF treatment still ... |
703 | New quantitative methods for evaluation of dynamic changes in QT interval on 24 hour Holter ECG recordings: QT interval in idiopathic ventricular fibrillation and long QT syndrome. | To introduce a nomogram of the normal QT interval at various heart rates measured from 24 hour Holter ECG recordings in healthy subjects with respect to age and sex and to use the nomogram to characterise dynamic changes in QT interval in patients with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (IVF) and the long QT syndrome ... |
704 | Knockout of the neural and heart expressed gene HF-1b results in apical deficits of ventricular structure and activation. | Knockout of the neural and cardiac expressed transcription factor HF-1b causes electrophysiological abnormalities including fatal ventricular arrhythmias that occur with increasing frequency around the 4th week of postnatal life. This study addresses factors that may contribute to conduction disturbance in the ventricl... |
705 | Endothelin receptor--a blockade decreases ventricular arrhythmias after myocardial infarction in rats. | Endothelin-1 (ET-1) production increases during acute myocardial infarction (MI) and may contribute to the genesis of ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF). However, the antiarrhythmic effects of ET-1 receptor blockade, examined shortly after MI, have been debated. In the present study, we exam... |
706 | Nitric oxide involvement in the delayed antiarrhythmic effect of treadmill exercise in dogs. | We have shown previously that a single period of treadmill exercise in dogs protects the heart against the severe ventricular arrhythmias that arise when a major (anterior descending) branch of the left coronary artery is occluded following anaesthesia 24 h later. This protection is aminoguanidine sensitive, suggesting... |
707 | Late pulmonary valve implantation after repair of tetralogy of Fallot. | Ten cases of elective late pulmonary valve implantation after repair of tetralogy of Fallot were reviewed. The interval after initial repair ranged from 1.5 to 43 years (mean, 20.0 +/- 12.3 years). There was no hospital mortality or late death during a mean follow-up of 12.5 months. Preoperatively, 9 patients were in N... |
708 | Teaching principles of cardiovascular function in a medical student laboratory. | We describe an animal laboratory using anesthetized swine to demonstrate the regulation of arterial blood pressure to second-year medical students at Saint Louis University School of Medicine (St. Louis, MO). The laboratory is designed to illustrate basic pharmacological and physiological concepts learned in the classr... |
709 | Does atrial fibrillation in elderly patients with chronic heart failure limit the efficacy of carvedilol? Suggestions from an observational study. | No clinical investigation provided any information about a possible influence of atrial fibrillation on the response to beta-blocker therapy in elderly patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). The aim of this study was to observe carvedilol effects in a cohort of patients > 70 years of age with CHF due to left ven... |
710 | Adrenal adenoma presenting with ventricular fibrillation. | We report the case of a 58-year-old man who presented with ventricular fibrillation. The serum potassium level was 1.8 mEq/L after successful cardioversion. Coronary angiography showed a normal heart with no structural defects, but 12-lead electrocardiography showed indications of left ventricular hypertrophy, which wa... |
711 | Effects of a novel cyclohexane dicarboximide derivative, ST-6, on reperfusion-induced arrhythmia in rats. | The present study was designed to determine whether a novel cyclohexane dicarboximide derivative, ST-6, 2-[4-[4-(chlorophenyl)-4-hydroxy-1-piperidinyl]butyl]hexahydro-1H-isoindol-1,3(2H)-dione, prevents reperfusion-induced ventricular arrhythmias. Pentobarbital-anesthetized rats were subjected to left coronary artery o... |
712 | The importance of increased interatrial septal thickness in patients with atrial fibrillation: a transesophageal echocardiographic study. | Histological studies in animal models have showed that extensive atrial fibrosis or fatty deposition as a result of loss of atrial cardiomyocytes increases the propensity to develop atrial fibrillation (AF). Although several reports have suggested that AF in humans may be a consequence of these mechanisms, no study has... |
713 | Stunning of the left atrium after conversion of atrial fibrillation: predictor for maintenance of sinus rhythm? | Recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) after cardioversion (CV) to sinus rhythm (SR) is determined by various clinical and echocardiographic parameters. The aim of this study was to determine the value of mitral inflow A-wave velocity, performed at 24 hours after CV in estimation of AF recurrence. The study group consi... |
714 | Lone atrial fibrillation associated with creatine monohydrate supplementation. | Atrial fibrillation in young patients without structural heart disease is rare. Therefore, when the arrhythmia is present in this population, reversible causes must be identified and resolved. Thyroid disorders, illicit drug or stimulant use, and acute alcohol intoxication are among these causes. We report the case of ... |
715 | Predictability of O2 consumption from contractility and mechanical energy of absolute arrhythmic beats in canine heart. | Left ventricular (LV) O2 consumption (V(O2)) per minute is measurable for both regular and arrhythmic beats. LV V(O2) per beat can then be obtained as V(O2) per minute minute divided by heart rate per minute minute for regular beats, but not for arrhythmic beats. We have established that V(O2) of a regular stable beat ... |
716 | Brugada syndrome: report of the second consensus conference. | Since its introduction as a clinical entity in 1992, the Brugada syndrome has progressed from being a rare disease to one that is second only to automobile accidents as a cause of death among young adults in some countries. Electrocardiographically characterized by a distinct ST-segment elevation in the right precordia... |
717 | Repolarization dynamics in patients with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation: pharmacological therapy with bepridil and disopyramide. | The electrocardiographic parameters relating occurrence of ventricular fibrillation (VF) episodes in patients with idiopathic VF (IVF) are still unknown. The aim of this study was to clarify efficacy of pharmacological therapy in patients with IVF with respect to repolarization dynamics. The study group consisted of 8 ... |
718 | [Protective effects of losartan against myocardial ischemic reperfusion in intact canine]. | To evaluate the protective effect of losartan, an angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor antagonist, against myocardial ischemic reperfusion in intact canine.</AbstractText>Sixteen dogs were divided into model group(n=8) with left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion for 30 min followed by reperfusion for 30 min... |
719 | Effects of ventricular rate and regularity on the velocity and magnitude of left atrial appendage flow in atrial fibrillation. | To prospectively determine whether ventricular rate and regularity are significant determinants of the velocity and magnitude of left atrial appendage (LAA) flow.</AbstractText>12 patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), high degree atrioventricular block, and indwelling permanent pacemakers were studied.</AbstractText>... |
720 | Effects of congestive heart failure on plasma von Willebrand factor and soluble P-selectin concentrations in patients with non-valvar atrial fibrillation. | To examine further the relations of plasma von Willebrand factor (vWf, an index of endothelial damage and dysfunction) and soluble P-selectin (sP-sel, an index of platelet activation) concentrations to the presence and onset of clinical congestive heart failure (CHF) and the degree of left ventricular (LV) dysfunction ... |
721 | Increased risk of heart failure as a consequence of perioperative myocardial injury after coronary artery bypass grafting. | To analyse the relation between perioperative myocardial injury (PMI) and the risk of subsequent heart failure after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).</AbstractText>Clinical data were documented prospectively in all patients and stored in a computer. All hospital readmissions were identified and the registered pr... |
722 | Specific therapy based on the genotype and cellular mechanism in inherited cardiac arrhythmias. Long QT syndrome and Brugada syndrome. | Seven forms of congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS) caused by mutations in ion channel genes have been identified. Genotype-phenotype correlation in clinical and experimental studies involving arterially-perfused canine left ventricular wedges suggest that beta-blockers are protective in LQT1, less so in LQT2, but not pr... |
723 | Bedside risk stratification after acute myocardial infarction: prospective evaluation of the use of heart rate and left ventricular function. | This study evaluated the predictive power of heart rate (HR) assessed from the standard 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) or from Holter recordings for future mortality and arrhythmic events in survivors of acute myocardial infarction (AMI).</AbstractText>Data from 432 consecutive survivors of AMI (343 men, 89 women; mea... |
724 | A teenager with angiographically normal epicardial coronary arteries and acute myocardial infarction after butane inhalation. | The most common cause of death among volatile substance abusers is sudden cardiac death. To the best of our knowledge, butane-induced myocardial infarction is a rare presentation among teenagers. We report on a 14-year-old male student who sustained cardiopulmonary arrest after sniffing seven canisters of butane. He wa... |
725 | Performance of first responders in simulated cardiac arrests. | Survival of in-hospital cardiac arrests depends more on first responders than on cardiac arrest teams. The objective of this study was to determine the adherence to algorithms of cardiopulmonary resuscitation of first responders in simulated cardiac arrests in intensive care. A second objective was to assess the effect... |
726 | The effect of magnesium sulfate on action potential duration and cardiac arrhythmias. | To evaluate the electrophysiologic and antiarrhythmic effects, Mg was infused at 15 mg/h (n = 5) or an equal volume of saline (1.2 mL/h) (n = 5) and electrocardiogram and action potential duration (APD) recorded every 15 minutes. Rats were anesthetized with 70 mg/kg pentobarbital intraperitoneally. Mg increased QT 15 +... |
727 | Bidirectional ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation elicited in a knock-in mouse model carrier of a mutation in the cardiac ryanodine receptor. | Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is an inherited disease characterized by adrenergically mediated polymorphic ventricular tachycardia leading to syncope and sudden cardiac death. The autosomal dominant form of CPVT is caused by mutations in the RyR2 gene encoding the cardiac isoform of the r... |
728 | [The value of BNP determination in general practice]. | The natriuretic peptides BNP and NT-proBNP are synthesized and released dependent of wall tension in the atria and ventricles. The determination of these peptides in a rapid test makes two markers available that closely correlate with the severity of heart failure. Systolic as well as diastolic left ventricular dysfunc... |
729 | Erythropoietin just before reperfusion reduces both lethal arrhythmias and infarct size via the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase-dependent pathway in canine hearts. | Although recent studies suggest that erythropoietin (EPO) may reduce multiple features of the myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, the cellular mechanisms and the clinical implications of EPO-induced cardioprotection are still unclear. Thus, in this study, we clarified dose-dependent effects of EPO administered just... |
730 | B-type natriuretic peptide in organic mitral regurgitation: determinants and impact on outcome. | B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) activation observed in cardiac diseases is a predictor of poor outcome; however, in organic mitral regurgitation (MR), BNP determinants and prognostic value are unknown.</AbstractText>We prospectively enrolled 124 patients with chronic organic MR (aged 63+/-15 years, 60% males) in whom ... |
731 | [Safety of new anti-arrhythmic drugs]. | The majority of new antiarrhythmic drugs are still undergoing clinical trials and are not yet available on the French market. The studies of efficacy are mainly targeted on the treatment of atrial fibrillation. Intravenous ibutilide prolongs the duration of the action potential by stimulating sodium exchange during pha... |
732 | [Automobile driving and implantable defibrillators]. | The consequences of implanting an automatic cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) on vehicle driving in France are poorly known. This retrospective study examined the behaviour at the wheel of ICD recipients who were recommended to abstain from driving for 3 to 6 months after device implantation. The study population includ... |
733 | Atrial and ventricular volume and function in persistent and permanent atrial fibrillation, a magnetic resonance imaging study. | Left atrial size is independently related to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and atrial fibrillation (AF) is strongly associated with atrial size. Our aims were to report atrial and ventricular dimensions in patients with AF evaluated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and to assess the inter-study reproduc... |
734 | Livers from non-heart-beating donors tolerate short periods of warm ischemia. | In contrast with kidneys, transplantation of livers originating from non-heart-beating donors remains rare, mainly because warm ischemia causes a higher rate of potentially lethal primary graft nonfunction. Little is known on the tolerance of liver grafts to warm ischemia. No techniques are available to assess the viab... |
735 | Acute exercise increases the ventricular arrhythmia threshold via the intrinsic adenosine receptor system in conscious hypertensive rats. | Coronary artery occlusion-induced tachyarrhythmias that culminate in ventricular fibrillation are the leading cause of death in developed countries. The intrinsic adenosine receptor system protects the heart from an ischemic insult. Thus the increased functional demands made on the heart during exercise may produce pro... |
736 | Pacing with capture verification in candidates for resynchronisation therapy: a feasibility study. | Devices for cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) deliver energy into 3 output channels. Such a burden can significantly reduce device longevity. Autocapture has been shown to improve pacemaker longevity and safety of right ventricular pacing in clinical studies. The aim of this study was to investigate the applicati... |
737 | Atrial fibrillation triggered by postinfarction ventricular premature beats in a patient with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. | The mechanism by which atrial fibrillation is initiated in patients with accessory pathways is not fully understood. Retrograde conduction of ventricular premature beats to the atrium, causing the arrhythmia, is a very rare cause. We report a patient with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW), without previous tachycard... |
738 | A novel missense mutation in the SCN5A gene associated with Brugada syndrome bidirectionally affecting blocking actions of antiarrhythmic drugs. | Brugada syndrome is an inherited cardiac disorder caused by mutations in the SCN5A gene encoding the cardiac sodium channel alpha subunit, which can lead ventricular fibrillation and sudden death. Inattentive use of antiarrhythmic drugs potentially triggers fatal cardiac arrhythmias through further reduction of sodium ... |
739 | Long-term incidence of malignant ventricular arrhythmia and shock therapy in patients with primary defibrillator implantation does not differ from event rates in patients treated for survived cardiac arrest. | Recent trials have demonstrated benefit of prophylactic defibrillator (ICD) implantation compared to conventional treatment in high-risk patients. However, many patients have rare or no sustained arrhythmias following implantation. Our study addresses the question, whether patients with prophylactic defibrillator impla... |
740 | Increased intensity of anticoagulation may reduce risk of thrombus during atrial fibrillation ablation procedures in patients with spontaneous echo contrast. | A 10% incidence of left atrial (LA) thrombus formation has been detected using intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) imaging monitoring during LA ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF). The aim of this study was to determine if the intensity of anticoagulation reduces LA thrombus formation during pulmonary vein isolation ... |
741 | Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation versus atrioventricular junction ablation plus pacing therapy for elderly patients with medically refractory paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. | Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) has become another nonpharmacologic therapeutic option for medically refractory paroxysmal AF. Whether this method is better than atrioventricular (AV) junction ablation plus pacing therapy is unknown. The purpose of this study was to compare the very long-term (longer than... |
742 | Vascular dementia. Advances in nosology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. | Ischemic or hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease (CVD) produces injury of brain regions important for executive function, behavior, and memory leading to decline in cognitive functions and vascular dementia (VaD). Cardiovascular disease may cause VaD from hypoperfusion of susceptible brain areas. CVD may worsen degenera... |
743 | The Italian Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Registry. A survey of the national activity during the years 2001-2003. | In recent years several trials demonstrated the efficacy of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) therapy for sudden cardiac death prevention and total mortality reduction in particular high-risk groups of patients. The aim of this review was to report the main epidemiological data and the most important clinica... |
744 | Surgical ablation of arrhythmias. | The surgical approach was the earliest therapeutic ablation of hyperkinetic arrhythmias. Following the progressive improvements in electrophysiological mapping and operative techniques, new surgical approaches have been developed for the treatment of those arrhythmias related to ectopic phenomena or reentry mechanisms.... |
745 | Atrial tachyarrhythmia prevention and treatment by means of special pacing algorithms. | Pacing prevention algorithms have been introduced in order to maximize the benefits of atrial pacing in atrial fibrillation prevention. It has been demonstrated that algorithms actually keep overdrive atrial pacing, reduce atrial premature contractions, and prevent short-long atrial cycle phenomenon, with good patient ... |
746 | Non-invasive sudden death risk stratification. | Most sudden cardiac deaths are caused by fatal ventricular arrhythmias (ventricular tachycardia [VT] and fibrillation) in patients with and without known structural heart diseases. Given the large number of patients potentially at risk for developing ventricular arrhythmias, any strategy for treating them prophylactica... |
747 | Non-antiarrhythmic drugs for the prevention of cardiac arrhythmias. | It is noteworthy that drugs having a significant impact in preventing arrhythmias (atrial or ventricular) are those with no direct specific antiarrhythmic electrophysiologic properties. Specifically, drugs able to interfere with the renin-angiotensin system and the n-3 fatty acids seem to play a relevant role as antiar... |
748 | Dual site right atrial pacing can improve the impact of standard dual chamber pacing on atrial and ventricular mechanical function in patients with symptomatic atrial fibrillation: further observations from the dual site atrial pacing for prevention of atrial fibrillation trial. | The effects of atrial pacing mode on atrial and ventricular function in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and bradycardia have not been evaluated. We evaluated atrial and ventricular function during randomization to support pacing (SP), high right atrial pacing (HRA), and dual site right atrial pacing (DAP).</Abst... |
749 | [Long QT syndrome and Brugada syndrome. Drugs, ablation or ICD?]. | Long QT syndrome and Brugada syndrome are potentially fatal inherited arrhythmogenic diseases. Thanks to the contribution of molecular genetics, the genetic bases, pathogenesis, and genotype-phenotype correlation of both diseases have been progressively unveiled and shown to have an extremely high degree of genetic het... |
750 | [Interventional treatment in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]. | Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic cardiac disease phenotypically expressed in the general population at about 0.2%. Annual mortality rate is about 1% in unselected patients, 3-6% in patients with severe symptoms, and 17% following resuscitation from ventricular tachycardia (VT)/ventricular fibrillation (VF... |
751 | Successful defibrillation immediately after the intravascular injection of ropivacaine. | To report successful resuscitation of ventricular fibrillation induced by accidental intravascular injection of ropivacaine.</AbstractText>A 15-yr-old healthy girl weighing 59 kg was scheduled for transposition of the tibial tuberosity under combined sciatic/three-in-one block. No premedication was given. In the induct... |
752 | Reducing ventilation frequency during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a porcine model of cardiac arrest. | American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology guidelines recommend a compression-to-ventilation ratio (C/V ratio) of 15:2 during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for out-of-the-hospital cardiac arrest. Recent data have shown that frequent ventilations are unnecessary and may be harmful during CPR, since ... |
753 | Variable electrocardiographic effects of short-term quinidine sulfate administration in Brugada syndrome. | Quinidine, a class I antiarrhythmic agent with blocking property of transient outward current, is a possible candidate for the suppression of ventricular fibrillation in patients with Brugada syndrome; although there is a concern that its ability to these effects may be proarrhythmic. Therefore, we evaluated the effect... |
754 | Carvedilol's antiarrhythmic properties: therapeutic implications in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. | Carvedilol is a beta- and alpha-adrenergic-blocking drug with clinically important antiarrhythmic properties. It possesses anti-ischemic and antioxidant activity and inhibits a number of cationic channels in the cardiomyocyte, including the HERG-associated potassium channel, the L-type calcium channel, and the rapid-de... |
755 | Atrial fibrillation in elderly patients after cardiac surgery: postoperative hemodynamics and low postoperative serum triiodothyronine. | The purpose of this study was to evaluate serum triiodothyronine levels as a trigger of postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) in elderly patients undergoing cardiac surgery and to study the possible association of serum triiodothyronine levels with preoperative and postoperative hemodynamics.</AbstractText>Prospective... |
756 | Digitalis in heart failure! Still applicable? | In patients with heart failure and atrial fibrillation cardiac glycosides, generally in combination with beta-blockers, are indicated to control ventricular rate. In systolic heart failure and sinus rhythm, however, the use of digitalis continues to be debated. There are special concerns that cardiac glycosides might l... |
757 | Impact of preoperative and postoperative atrial fibrillation on outcome after mitral valvuloplasty for nonischemic mitral regurgitation. | We sought to determine the impact of preoperative or postoperative atrial fibrillation on survival, stroke, and cardiac function after mitral valvuloplasty for mitral regurgitation.</AbstractText>Between 1991 and 2003, 1026 patients with nonischemic/noncardiomyopathy mitral valve regurgitation underwent mitral valve pl... |
758 | Sex differences in outcome after ventricular fibrillation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. | Previous studies have shown that early defibrillation programs improve survival after an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Reports also suggest that women fare worse than men do after cardiovascular events, but there is no population-based study of sex differences after an OHCA with early defibrillation. We, there... |
759 | The prevalence of atrial fibrillation among acute medical admissions in Kuwait. | To establish the prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) among acute medical admissions to the Adan Hospital, Kuwait, and to evaluate the clinical features of the patients.</AbstractText>Of 2,833 acute medical admissions to the Adan Hospital from January 1 to May 31, 2003, 120 patients with AF were included in the study... |
760 | Right atrial pacing impairs cardiac function during resynchronization therapy: acute effects of DDD pacing compared to VDD pacing. | We aimed to compare the hemodynamic effects of right-atrial-paced (DDD) and right-atrial-sensed (VDD) biventricular paced rhythm on cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT).</AbstractText>Cardiac resynchronization therapy improves hemodynamics in patients with severe heart failure and left ventricular (LV) dyssynchrony.... |
761 | Effects of left ventricular assist device therapy on ventricular arrhythmias. | In a retrospective study, we sought to evaluate the effect of left ventricular assist device (LVAD) therapy on ventricular tachyarrhythmias in patients with advanced congestive heart failure.</AbstractText>Despite the increasing use of LVAD as a bridge to cardiac transplantation, our knowledge regarding its effect on v... |
762 | Coronary-subclavian steal syndrome. A case report. | Coronary-subclavian steal is an unusual clinical syndrome after successful internal mammary-coronary artery bypass grafting. Proximal subclavian artery (SA) stenosis is present and atherosclerotic disease is the underlying pathophysiologic mechanism in the majority of cases. The authors report a case of a sixty-two-yea... |
763 | Hypertensive heart disease. | Hypertensive heart disease encompasses anatomical changes and altered physiology of heart muscle, coronary arteries, and great vessels. Left ventricular hypertrophy is not only a target organ response to increased afterload, but is also the most potent cardiovascular risk factor. Regression of hypertrophy reduces morbi... |
764 | Changes in left atrial size in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation: a prospective echocardiographic study with a 5-year follow-up period. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia, occurring in 0.4% of the general population. AF has been shown to be associated with left atrial enlargement, which is considered both a cause and a consequence of the arrhythmia. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of AF on changes in echocardiographical... |
765 | [Sudden cardiac death in familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Identification of high-risk patients]. | Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a relatively frequent, genetically determined primary cardiomyopathy, characterized by most often asymmetric hypertrophy of the ventricular septum with or without systolic obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract. HCM is a genetically heterogeneous disease, with 12 differen... |
766 | Cardiac Arrest Resuscitation Evaluation in Los Angeles: CARE-LA. | We determine survival for out-of-hospital cardiac arrests in Los Angeles using the Utstein method and compare these data with that reported for other urban and suburban areas.</AbstractText>This was a prospective observational cohort study of adult patients in Los Angeles presenting with nontraumatic, out-of-hospital c... |
767 | Management of atrial fibrillation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | Atrial fibrillation is the cardiac arrhythmia encountered most often in clinical practice. It is triggered by many conditions such as thyroid dysfunction, cardiac disease, alcohol, and pulmonary disease. Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are susceptible to many insults that can lead to an acute... |
768 | The influence of ethnicity on warfarin dosage requirement. | The optimal dose of warfarin varies among individuals, and the prediction of a maintenance dose is difficult. Ethnicity has been reported to influence warfarin dosing.</AbstractText>To quantitate the influence of ethnicity on warfarin dose requirement.</AbstractText>We conducted a retrospective cohort study at a univer... |
769 | Pulmonary haemodynamics at rest and during exercise in patients with significant pulmonary vein stenosis after radiofrequency catheter ablation for drug resistant atrial fibrillation. | Iatrogenic pulmonary vein (PV) stenosis after radiofrequency catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) is a new pathology in cardiology. The effects of PV stenosis on the pulmonary circulation are not yet known. We provide long-term follow-up data in patients with significant PV stenosis including magnetic resonan... |
770 | Endocardial radiofrequency ablation during mitral valve surgery: effect on cardiac rhythm, atrial size, and function. | Restoration of sinus rhythm is thought to lead to a reduction in left atrial size and to recovery of atrial contraction. We aimed to investigate changes in atrial size and function in patients undergoing radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation during mitral valve surgery.</AbstractText>In a prospective study, 7... |
771 | [Surgical treatment of active infective endocarditis]. | To summarize the recent experience of surgical management of the active infective endocarditis (IE) disease in Fuwai Hospital.</AbstractText>From October 1, 1996 to December 31, 2003, 54 patients with active IE underwent heart operation in Fuwai Hospital. There were 41 males, 13 females, with an average age of 35 years... |
772 | Molecular predictors of drug-induced prolongation of the QT interval. | One of the most common causes of drug withdrawal from the market is the prolongation of the QT interval associated with polymorphic ventricular tachycardia or torsade de pointes (TdP) that can degenerate into ventricular fibrillation and sudden cardiac death. Cardiac and non-cardiac drugs prolong the QT interval and ca... |
773 | Phase 2 ventricular arrhythmias in acute myocardial infarction: a neglected target for therapeutic antiarrhythmic drug development and for safety pharmacology evaluation. | Ventricular fibrillation (VF), a cause of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in the setting of acute myocardial infarction (MI), remains a major therapeutic challenge. In humans, VF may occur within minutes or hours after the onset of chest pain, so its precise timing in relation to the onset of ischaemia is variable. Moreover... |
774 | Xenon attenuates cerebral damage after ischemia in pigs. | Cerebral blood flow may be compromised in a variety of anesthetic procedures, and ischemic cerebral complications represent the leading cause of morbidity after cardiac operations. With the growing importance of neuroprotective strategies, the current study was designed to determine whether xenon would attenuate cardia... |
775 | Defective cardiac ryanodine receptor regulation during atrial fibrillation. | Ca2+ leak from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) may play an important role in triggering and/or maintaining atrial arrhythmias, including atrial fibrillation (AF). Protein kinase A (PKA) hyperphosphorylation of the cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2) resulting in dissociation of the channel-stabilizing subunit calstabin2 ... |
776 | Near-miss SIDS due to Brugada syndrome. | A 19 day old infant was successfully resuscitated from ventricular fibrillation. The 12 lead ECG was normal, with a normal QT interval, and remains so over three years follow up. DNA analysis revealed a missense mutation (R1193Q) in the SCN5A gene, previously linked with familial sudden unexpected nocturnal death syndr... |
777 | Improved defibrillation efficacy with an ascending ramp waveform in humans. | The purpose of this study was to compare an ascending ramp waveform (RAMP) with a standard, clinically available biphasic truncated exponential waveform (BTE) for defibrillation in humans.</AbstractText>In animal studies, RAMP had a lower defibrillation threshold (DFT) than BTE.</AbstractText>We studied 63 patients at ... |
778 | The inward rectifier current (IK1) controls cardiac excitability and is involved in arrhythmogenesis. | The cardiac inwardly rectifying potassium current (I(K1)) stabilizes the resting membrane potential and is responsible for shaping the initial depolarization and final repolarization of the action potential. The inwardly rectifying potassium channel (Kir2.x) subfamily members primarily mediate cardiac I(K1), but other ... |
779 | Double SCN5A mutation underlying asymptomatic Brugada syndrome. | The purpose of this study was to identify risk markers in patients with Brugada syndrome.</AbstractText>Patients with Brugada syndrome who experience syncope or aborted sudden death are at high risk for recurrent lethal arrhythmias. The prognosis and therapeutic approaches in asymptomatic individuals with a Brugada-typ... |
780 | Heart failure hospitalization is more common in pacemaker patients with sinus node dysfunction and a prolonged paced QRS duration. | The purpose of this study was to determine whether a prolonged paced QRS duration increases the risk of cardiac dysfunction.</AbstractText>Right ventricular apical pacing mimics left bundle branch block, results in a prolonged QRS duration of variable duration, and causes ventricular desynchronization.</AbstractText>In... |
781 | T-wave alternans phase following ventricular extrasystoles predicts arrhythmia-free survival. | The purpose of this study was to assess the value of T-wave alternans (TWA) following ventricular extrasystoles in predicting arrhythmia-free survival.</AbstractText>Stratifying risk for sudden death in patients with coronary disease and moderate left ventricular (LV) dysfunction remains a challenge. We hypothesized th... |
782 | Relationship between atrial tachyarrhythmias and symptoms. | The purpose of this study was to correlate patient-reported symptoms of atrial fibrillation with the underlying rhythm.</AbstractText>The reliability of patient-reported symptoms as a marker of atrial fibrillation recurrence has not been well studied.</AbstractText>This prospective multicenter trial correlated the recu... |
783 | One conversion of ventricular fibrillation is adequate for implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implant: an analysis from the Low Energy Safety Study (LESS). | The purpose of this study was to analyze defibrillation conversion data from the Low Energy Safety Study (LESS) to determine how implant criteria that use fewer inductions of ventricular fibrillation (VF) correlate with outcome and, in particular, to assess the reliability of using a single VF induction and test shock ... |
784 | Spontaneous onset of ventricular fibrillation in Brugada syndrome with J wave and ST-segment elevation in the inferior leads. | We report the case of a 52-year-old man with variant Brugada syndrome who was successfully resuscitated from ventricular fibrillation (VF). Resting ECG showed J wave and ST-segment elevation in the inferior leads but no coved or saddleback ST-segment elevation in the right precordial leads. Pilsicainide infusion provok... |
785 | Spatial QRS-T angle predicts cardiac death in a clinical population. | <AbstractText Label="OBJECTIVES/BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">The purpose of this study was to validate the prognostic value of computer-derived measurements of the spatial alignment of ventricular depolarization and repolarization from the standard 12-lead ECG in a general medical population.</AbstractText>Analy... |
786 | Clinical predictors of atrial defibrillation thresholds with a dual-coil, active pectoral lead system. | The purpose of this study was to identify clinical predictors of atrial defibrillation thresholds (DFTs) with standard implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) leads.</AbstractText>Atrial defibrillation can be achieved with active pectoral, dual-coil transvenous ICD lead systems. If clinical predictors of atrial de... |
787 | Systematic evaluation of the determinants of defibrillation efficacy. | We studied the effect of varying shock capacitance, shock impedance, and pulse duration on defibrillation efficacy in a randomized, crossover manner for biphasic shocks.</AbstractText>The relationship between the electrical determinants of defibrillation efficacy is incompletely understood.</AbstractText>Biphasic shock... |
788 | Effect of rate and rhythm control on left ventricular function and cardiac dimensions in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation: results from the RAte Control versus Electrical Cardioversion for Persistent Atrial Fibrillation (RACE) study. | The purpose of this study was to evaluate left ventricular function and atrial and ventricular diameters in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) treated with rate or rhythm control.</AbstractText>Restoration of sinus rhythm in patients with persistent AF may improve left ventricular function and reduce atr... |
789 | Inhibition of angiotensin II signaling and recurrence of atrial fibrillation in AFFIRM. | We investigated whether inhibition of endogenous angiotensin II signaling reduces the recurrence rate of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients enrolled in the Atrial Fibrillation Follow-up Investigation of Rhythm Management (AFFIRM) study.</AbstractText>Structural and electrical remodeling contribute to AF. Previous exp... |
790 | Activation sequences following failed atrial defibrillation. | The purposes of this study were to examine the first activations following atrial defibrillation shocks to help understand how and where atrial fibrillation (AF) relapsed following failed shocks and to assess the difference in postshock activation between failed and successful shocks.</AbstractText>While many studies h... |
791 | Novel pore mutation in SCN5A manifests as a spectrum of phenotypes ranging from atrial flutter, conduction disease, and Brugada syndrome to sudden cardiac death. | The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical and biophysical characteristics of a novel SCN5A mutation.</AbstractText>Brugada syndrome and isolated cardiac conduction defect have been linked to SCN5A mutations.</AbstractText>Eleven members of a western European family underwent electrophysiologic investigati... |
792 | Spectrum and prevalence of cardiac sodium channel variants among black, white, Asian, and Hispanic individuals: implications for arrhythmogenic susceptibility and Brugada/long QT syndrome genetic testing. | The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and spectrum of nonsynonymous polymorphisms (amino acid variants) in the cardiac sodium channel among healthy subjects.</AbstractText>Pathogenic mutations in the cardiac sodium channel gene, SCN5A, cause approximately 15 to 20% of Brugada syndrome (BrS1), 5 to 1... |
793 | Is idiopathic ventricular fibrillation a short QT syndrome? Comparison of QT intervals of patients with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation and healthy controls. | The purpose of this study was to determine if patients with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (VF) have shorter QT intervals than comparable healthy controls.</AbstractText>The upper limit of the normal QT is well defined. Less is known about the lower limit of the normal QT. Patients with the recently described "sho... |
794 | Randomized controlled study of detection enhancements versus rate-only detection to prevent inappropriate therapy in a dual-chamber implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. | The purpose of this study was to compare rate-only detection to enhanced detection in a dual-chamber implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD), to discriminate ventricular tachycardia from supraventricular tachycardia.</AbstractText>ICDs are highly effective in treating ventricular tachycardia (VT) or ventricular fi... |
795 | Frank-Starling mechanism contributes modestly to ventricular performance during atrial fibrillation. | The aim of this study was to assess whether Frank-Starling mechanism has an independent effect on left ventricular (LV) performance in atrial fibrillation (AF).</AbstractText>Ventricular performance in AF depends on variable contractility through the interval-force mechanism based on the ratio of preceding and pre-prec... |
796 | Achieving regular slow rhythm during atrial fibrillation without atrioventricular nodal ablation: selective vagal stimulation plus ventricular pacing. | The aim of this study was to achieve regular slow ventricular rhythm during atrial fibrillation (AF) without destroying the AV node (AVN).</AbstractText>Recent experimental and clinical studies have demonstrated that selective AVN vagal stimulation (AVN-VS) can be used to slow ventricular rate during AF; however, an ir... |
797 | Optical mapping of the functional reentrant circuit of ventricular tachycardia in acute myocardial infarction. | We used optical mapping to characterize the reentrant circuit of ventricular tachycardia (VT) during acute myocardial infarction (MI) in isolated canine left ventricular preparations.</AbstractText>The nature of the reentrant circuit that underlies VT during acute MI is not well understood.</AbstractText>Using optical ... |
798 | Intracellular calcium cycling, early afterdepolarizations, and reentry in simulated long QT syndrome. | The purpose of this study was to investigate interactions between early afterdepolarizations (EADs) and reentry in long QT (LQT) syndromes.</AbstractText>EADs, a characteristic feature of congenital and acquired LQT syndromes, are classically bradycardia dependent. Mechanisms by which they promote tachyarrhythmias such... |
799 | Seasonal variation of mortality in the Antiarrhythmics Versus Implantable Defibrillators (AVID) study registry. | We postulated that the pattern of death would be nonrandom with respect to temporal variables.</AbstractText>Previous studies have demonstrated increased sudden death is associated with periods of relative stress, and overall mortality is associated with temporal variables.</AbstractText>In the Antiarrhythmics Versus I... |
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