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9,800 | [Treatment for perioperative arrhythmias with nifekalant hydrochloride]. | Ventricular tachycardia (VT), ventricular fibrillation (VF), and atrial flutter (AFL) are potentially fatal or serious complications arising after cardiac surgery. Generally, we treat these complications with class I antiarrhythmic agents and/or direct counter shock (DC). However, sometimes these complications do not r... |
9,801 | [Atrail fibrillation and heart failure: a complex relationship]. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) often coexist in the same patient, not only because they can result from the same heart disease, but also because each of them can directly lead to the other. In the genesis of AF, structural, electrical and functional factors share a key role, but the importance of any o... |
9,802 | [Effects of combined mitral valve replacement and radiofrequency atrial ablation in chronic atrial fibrillation]. | The aim of the study is to find out the efficacy of radiofrequency catheter atrial ablation (RF) simultaneously done with mitral valve replacement (MVR) surgery in patients having rheumatic mitral valve disease with chronic atrial fibrillation and to evaluate the short-term postoperative results.</AbstractText>Seventee... |
9,803 | Evaluation of left ventricular function using Tei index in patients with preinfarction angina. | The study investigated whether preinfarction angina influences left ventricular functions assessed using Tei index, which is an independent predictor for left ventricular dysfunction in acute myocardial infarction.</AbstractText>We studied 96 patients with acute myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation (80 men, ... |
9,804 | Continuation of amiodarone therapy despite type II amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis. | Amiodarone is a powerful antiarrhythmic drug; however, its use may be complicated by thyrotoxicosis. When this occurs, clinicians must balance the continuation of amiodarone for antiarrhythmic purposes, and the discontinuation of treatment in order to prevent aggravation of the thyrotoxicosis. We studied the consequenc... |
9,805 | The use of amiodarone for in-hospital cardiac arrest at two tertiary care centres. | Although amiodarone significantly increases survival to hospital admission when used in resuscitation of out-of-hospital pulseless ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation, there are limited data on its utility for in-hospital arrests.</AbstractText>To determine whether the use of amiodarone, as recommended by the year... |
9,806 | Gemcitabine and atrial fibrillation: a rare manifestation of chemotherapy toxicity. | Gemcitabine is a purine analog with known activity in many solid tumors, namely lung, breast, pancreatic, genitourinary and head/neck cancers. Cardiac toxicity is a rare event and only one report previously described atrial fibrillation (AF) as a consequence of gemcitabine infusion. We report two cases of women sufferi... |
9,807 | Large emboli on their way through the heart - first live demonstration of large paradoxical embolisms through a patent foramen ovale. | We report a case of large paradoxical embolisms through a patent foramen ovale in a patient with acquired heparin-induced thrombocytopenia type II (HIT). One large ventricular thrombus embolizing through the aortic valve was documented on videotape for the first time while performing transesophageal echocardiography. A... |
9,808 | Pulmonary hypertension and predominant right heart failure in thyrotoxicosis. | In this report we discuss a patient with predominant right heart failure and pulmonary hypertension, caused by thyrotoxicosis due to Graves disease, which deteriorated to asystole, due to amiodarone administration for rapid atrial fibrillation. |
9,809 | Outcome and characteristics of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest according to location of arrest: A report from a large-scale, population-based study in Osaka, Japan. | To evaluate the outcome and the factors concerned with of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients according to the location of the collapse.</AbstractText>From May 1st, 1998 to April 30th, 2001, 15,211 consecutive out-of-hospital cardiac arrest cases considered for resuscitation were recorded. Of these cases 7540 arres... |
9,810 | Utility of N terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide in elderly patients. | To evaluate the utility of N terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) as a diagnostic marker for diastolic dysfunction or failure, systolic dysfunction, and significant valve disorders in patients over 75 years.</AbstractText>Cohort study.</AbstractText>Outpatient echocardiography service in a district genera... |
9,811 | Progress in cardiovascular disease: technical considerations in cardiac resynchronization therapy. | Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has been shown to improve symptoms, ventricular function, and survival in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction and ventricular conduction delay. Patients with moderate to severe drug-refractory heart failure symptoms along with ventricular dyssynchrony, manifested ... |
9,812 | Challenging the rationale of three sequential shocks for defibrillation. | The 2000 guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) recommend up to three sequential shocks for persistent ventricular fibrillation (VF). We hypothesized that the time consumed for repetitive rhythm analyses and recharging of the capacitor compromises the success of the second and third shock of each sequence. ... |
9,813 | [Resuscitation from accidental hypothermia of 22 degrees C with circulatory arrest: importance of prehospital management]. | In winter, French Medicalised Ambulance Service rescued a 50-year-old patient after suicide attempts by jump from a bridge in the Seine. The body was discovered after more than 10 minutes of immersion. She was unconscious and in deep hypothermia with circulatory arrest. Basic CPR was started immediately and oral intuba... |
9,814 | Pharmacologic approaches to rhythm versus rate control in atrial fibrillation--where are we now? | Until recently, contemporary drug treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) focused primarily on restoration and maintenance of sinus rhythm, predicated on the belief that if AF is abolished then problems associated with AF would be abolished too. Recently completed clinical trials using drug therapy and comparing maintena... |
9,815 | Profound metoprolol-induced bradycardia precipitated by acetaminophen-propoxyphene. | Pharmacokinetic studies demonstrate that propoxyphene is a potent inhibitor of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2D6. Clinically significant sequelae have not been previously reported. We report a case of this inhibition manifested by life-threatening bradycardia in a patient receiving a CYP2D6 substrate, metoprolol. A 48-year-old... |
9,816 | Influence of cardiac-resynchronization therapy on heart rate and blood pressure variability: 1-year follow-up. | Several studies have shown that cardiac-resynchronization therapy (CRT) improves haemodynamic function, cardiac symptoms, and heart rate variability (HRV) and reduces the risk of mortality and sudden death in subjects with chronic heart failure (CHF). In subjects with CHF, power spectral values for the low-frequency (L... |
9,817 | Acute coronary artery occlusion following intravascular ultrasound examination.<Pagination><StartPage>422</StartPage><EndPage>423</EndPage><MedlinePgn>422-3</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText>Intravascular ultrasound is considered as having few complications, most of them are just a transient coronary spa... | Intravascular ultrasound is considered as having few complications, most of them are just a transient coronary spasm. However, we experienced one case of acute left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion following an intravascular ultrasound study during the intervention and this was treated successfully with ca... |
9,818 | Failure of commercially available chest wall protectors to prevent sudden cardiac death induced by chest wall blows in an experimental model of commotio cordis. | Sudden cardiac death that results from chest wall blows (commotio cordis) the second leading cause of death in young athletes. Most events are caused by blows from projectiles, such as baseballs or lacrosse balls, with a substantial proportion occurring despite the use of a chest protector. In the present experiment, w... |
9,819 | Obesity in diabetic patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery is associated with increased postoperative morbidity. | Despite the fact that obesity is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease, many studies have failed to demonstrate that obesity is independently associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in nondiabetic patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. The authors investig... |
9,820 | Can heart rate variation rule out sleep-disordered breathing in heart failure? | In patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), the very low frequency power spectral density index (VLFI) derived from analysis of heart rate correlates with the severity of obstructive apnoeas. VLFI is also associated with Cheyne-Stokes respiration/central sleep apnoea (CSR/CSA) in congestive heart failure (CHF). Th... |
9,821 | Previously known and newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation: a major risk indicator after a myocardial infarction complicated by heart failure or left ventricular dysfunction. | To characterize the relationship between known and newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation (AF) and the risk of death and major cardiovascular (CV) events in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) complicated by heart failure (HF) and/or left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD).</AbstractText>The VALIANT trial ... |
9,822 | Monitoring of cerebral oxygenation with near infrared spectroscopy and tissue oxygen partial pressure during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pigs. | The present study was designed to compare cerebral oxygenation measured with near infrared spectroscopy and local brain tissue oxygen partial pressure, respectively, in pigs during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Since tissue overlying the brain may have an impact on near infrared spectroscopy readings, we tested whethe... |
9,823 | Biventricular pacing reduces ventricular arrhythmic burden and defibrillator therapies in patients with heart failure. | Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has recently emerged as a new modality for the treatment of patients with advanced heart failure (HF).</AbstractText>Cardiac resynchronization therapy reduces atrial and ventricular arrhythmia burdens.</AbstractText>We analyzed the clinical data of patients who underwent an upgra... |
9,824 | Noncardiac surgery and the risk of death and other cardiovascular events in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. | There is a paucity of reports evaluating the perioperative risk of noncardiac surgery in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).</AbstractText>The study was undertaken to evaluate the incidence of acute myocardial infarction (MI) and all-cause inhospital mortality following noncardiac surgery in patients with ... |
9,825 | Health-related quality of life relative to clinical outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation treated with ventricular rate stabilisation pacing. | It is uncertain whether patient perception of atrial fibrillation (AF) is based on the fast ventricular rate as such or the irregularity of the ventricular responses. This trial was designed to confirm the effectiveness of a ventricular rate stabilisation (VRS) algorithm in reducing ventricular irregularity during perm... |
9,826 | Ventricular tachycardia in arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy: clinical presentation, risk stratification and results of long-term follow-up. | Not all patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy (ARVD/C) are at risk for sudden cardiac death. The aim of the study was to evaluate the risk stratification in patients with ARVD/C.</AbstractText>Programmed ventricular stimulation (PVS) was performed in 34 ARVD/C patients. Twenty-two, 7 a... |
9,827 | Enhanced expression of platelet CD40-ligand by in vitro lipopolysaccharide-challenge in patients with ventricular fibrillation complicating acute myocardial infarction. | Acute myocardial infarction can be complicated by ventricular arrhythmias due to electrophysiological changes in the ischemic myocardium, but the exact predisposing factors causing ventricular fibrillation during myocardial infarction still remain unclear. A role of inflammatory stimulation on platelets as a potential ... |
9,828 | Effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid on upper limit of vulnerability shocks. | Ventricular fibrillation (VF) can be induced when a strong shock is delivered during the vulnerable period of a cardiac cycle. VF, however, cannot be induced if the shock strength is increased to the "upper limit of vulnerability" (ULV) level. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has been shown to prevent the occurrence of VF af... |
9,829 | [New aspects in the management of asymptomatic patients with mitral regurgitation]. | With 31%, mitral insufficiency (MI) represents the second most common valve lesion and is most commonly of degenerative etiology. Sudden death is rare, in asymptomatic patients with flail leaflet and in sinus rhythm it occurs at a rate of 0.8%/year, and increases to a rate of 4.8%/ year when atrial fibrillation occurs.... |
9,830 | Blockade of angiotensin II type 1 receptor improves the arrhythmia morbidity in mice with left ventricular hypertrophy. | Stimulation of angiotensin II type 1 (AT(1)) receptors has been shown to generate the arrhythmogenic substrate in ventricular hypertrophy. We examined whether candesartan, an AT1 receptor blocker, has antiarrhythmic effects on mouse model of left ventricular hypertrophy created by transverse aorta constriction (TAC).</... |
9,831 | Japanese randomized trial for investigation of a combined therapy of amiodarone and implantable cardioverter defibrillator in patients with ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation: the Nippon ICD Plus Pharmachologic Option Necessity study design. | Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) are the most effective therapy in reducing the mortality of patients with life-threatening ventricular tachyarrhythmias. However, the ICD cannot prevent the recurrence of tachycarida attacks and that limits the clinical usefulness of them. The Nippon ICD Plus Pharmachologi... |
9,832 | Long-term follow-up of transvenous defibrillation leads: high incidence of fracture in coaxial polyurethane lead. | As a result of longer follow-up after implantation of cardioverter defibrillators (ICD), fatigue of the leads has become a concern. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and clinical presentation of ICD lead failures.</AbstractText>The study population consisted of 241 patients with 249 ICD leads who und... |
9,833 | Clinical significance of the electrophysiologic study (EPS)-guided therapy for the secondary prevention of ventricular tachycardia. | Although electrophysiologic study (EPS) is one of the most reliable methods for selecting preventive therapy for patients with sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT), VT may recur during EPS-guided effective therapy; therefore, the importance of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) has been emphasized. In this ... |
9,834 | Heart rate response to onset of exercise: evidence for enhanced cardiac sympathetic activity in animals susceptible to ventricular fibrillation. | A large heart rate (HR) increase at the onset of exercise has been linked to an increased risk for adverse cardiovascular events, including cardiac death. However, the relationship between changes in cardiac autonomic regulation induced by exercise onset and the confirmed susceptibility to ventricular fibrillation (VF)... |
9,835 | Warfarin versus aspirin in patients with reduced cardiac ejection fraction (WARCEF): rationale, objectives, and design. | Warfarin is widely prescribed for patients with heart failure without level 1 evidence, and an adequately powered randomized study is needed.</AbstractText>The Warfarin versus Aspirin in Reduced Cardiac Ejection Fraction study is a National Institutes of Health-funded, randomized, double-blind clinical trial with a tar... |
9,836 | Preserved heart rate variability identifies low-risk patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy: results from the DEFINITE trial. | The recent expansion of indications for prophylactic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) placement in subjects with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy has raised concerns about the cost-effectiveness of this therapy.</AbstractText>The purpose of this study was to identify low-risk patients with nonischemic dil... |
9,837 | Comparison of 30 and the 100% inspired oxygen concentrations during early post-resuscitation period: a randomised controlled pilot study. | High oxygen concentration in blood may be harmful in the reperfusion phase after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. We compared the effect of 30 and 100% inspired oxygen concentrations on blood oxygenation and the level of serum markers (NSE, S-100) of neuronal injury during the early post-resuscitation period in humans.</... |
9,838 | Atrial natriuretic peptide predicts impaired atrial remodeling and occurrence of late postoperative atrial fibrillation after surgery for symptomatic aortic stenosis. | Aortic stenosis (AS) and atrial fibrillation (AF) are commonly encountered in clinical practice. Natriuretic peptides (NP) are endogenous cardiac hormones, which have been shown to increase in patients with heart failure, and valvular or congenital heart disease. We aimed to determine the association between atrial NP ... |
9,839 | Effects of the blockade of cardiac sarcolemmal ATP-sensitive potassium channels on arrhythmias and coronary flow in ischemia-reperfusion model in isolated rat hearts. | Activation of ATP-sensitive K+ channels (K ATP) during ischemia leads to arrhythmias and blockade of these channels exert antiarrhythmic action. In this study, we investigated the effects of HMR1098, a sarcolemmal K ATP channel blocker and 5-hydroxydeconoate (5-HD), a mitochondrial K ATP channel blocker on cardiac func... |
9,840 | Spontaneous gasping decreases intracranial pressure and improves cerebral perfusion in a pig model of ventricular fibrillation.<Pagination><StartPage>329</StartPage><EndPage>334</EndPage><MedlinePgn>329-34</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText Label="INTRODUCTION" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">Spontaneous gasping... | Spontaneous gasping is associated with increased survival in animal models of cardiac arrest and in observational studies of humans. The potential beneficial effect of gasping on cerebral perfusion may underlie the observed survival benefit, but mechanisms remain unknown.</AbstractText>We hypothesized that spontaneous ... |
9,841 | Acute pericarditis unmasks ST-segment elevation in asymptomatic Brugada syndrome. | A 26-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of acute pericarditis. The current patient had a saddle-back type ST-segment elevation shortly after the onset of acute pericarditis. Interestingly, it converted into a coved type ST-segment elevation, subsequently regressed gradually as acute inflammation improved... |
9,842 | Sleep parameters in patients using pacemakers with sleep rate function on. | The cardiovascular system (CVS) is heavily influenced by the autonomic nervous system. Additionally, there is a functional alteration during the various stages of sleep. In nonrapid eye movement (NREM), a state of cardiovascular relaxation occurs during stages three and four. A large amount of rapid ocular movements is... |
9,843 | [Anesthetic management for patients with Brugada syndrome]. | Brugada syndrome should not be neglected in terms of anesthetic management because its perioperative autonomic imbalance may cause ventricular fibrillation and sudden cardiac arrest. Diagnosis of Brugada syndrome is easily made by unique electrocardiographic pattern of right bundle branch block and ST segment elevation... |
9,844 | Prognostic value of a restrictive mitral filling pattern in patients with systolic heart failure and an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. | In patients with chronic heart failure and reduced systolic function, an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) improves the prognosis, but morbidity and mortality remain high. We attempted to identify the prognostic impact of Doppler echocardiography and QRS duration in such patients. We prospectively enrolled 8... |
9,845 | Vasopressin during cardiopulmonary resuscitation and different shock states: a review of the literature. | Vasopressin administration may be a promising therapy in the management of various shock states. In laboratory models of cardiac arrest, vasopressin improved vital organ blood flow, cerebral oxygen delivery, the rate of return of spontaneous circulation, and neurological recovery compared with epinephrine (adrenaline).... |
9,846 | Pharmacological prevention of thromboembolism in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. | Chronic left ventricular systolic dysfunction is a well recognized problem with an increasingly significant impact on healthcare in the form of congestive heart failure (CHF). Advances in medicine have led to improved survival after myocardial infarction (MI) and as a result, an increased prevalence of left ventricular... |
9,847 | Conversion to sinus rhythm by ablation improves quality of life in patients submitted to mitral valve surgery. | Atrial fibrillation can be successfully treated with surgical ablation, but the effect of restoring sinus rhythm on the quality of life has yet to be established. We evaluate the effects of left atrial ablation combined with mitral valve surgery on health-related quality of life in patients with permanent atrial fibril... |
9,848 | Rapid induction of cerebral hypothermia is enhanced with active compression-decompression plus inspiratory impedance threshold device cardiopulmonary resusitation in a porcine model of cardiac arrest. | A rapid, ice-cold saline flush combined with active compression-decompression (ACD) plus an inspiratory impedance threshold device (ITD) cardiopulmonary resusitation (CPR) will cool brain tissue more effectively than with standard CPR (S-CPR) during cardiac arrest (CA).</AbstractText>Early institution of hypothermia af... |
9,849 | Reduction in ventricular tachyarrhythmias with statins in the Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial (MADIT)-II. | We evaluated whether statins have anti-arrhythmic effects by exploring the association of statin use with appropriate implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) therapy for ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF) in the Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial (MADIT)-II.</AbstractText>... |
9,850 | Pediatric dysrhythmias. | Arrhythmias in children are less common than in adults but are increasing because of successful repair of congenital heart diseases. Supraventricular tachycardia is the most common symptomatic pediatric tachyarrhythmia. Atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation in children are attributed largely to structural heart diseas... |
9,851 | Comparison of atrial signal extraction algorithms in 12-lead ECGs with atrial fibrillation. | Analysis of atrial rhythm is important in the treatment and management of patients with atrial fibrillation. Several algorithms exist for extracting the atrial signal from the electrocardiogram (ECG) in atrial fibrillation, but there are few reports on how well these techniques are able to recover the atrial signal. We... |
9,852 | Two cases of Brugada syndrome associated with spontaneous clinical episodes of coronary vasospasm. | Two patients with life-threatening episodes of ventricular fibrillation (VF) showed typical ST elevation in V1-V3 leads. Both had spontaneous clinical episodes of resting angina. Intracoronary injection of acetylcholine provoked coronary vasospasm and ST elevation was the same as Brugada-type ST elevation in 1 case but... |
9,853 | A comprehensive review and analysis of 25 years of data from an in vivo canine model of sudden cardiac death: implications for future anti-arrhythmic drug development. | Sudden cardiac death resulting from ventricular tachyarrhythmias remains the leading cause of death in industrially developed countries, accounting for between 300,000 and 500,000 deaths each year in the United States. Yet, despite the enormity of this problem, the development of safe and effective anti-arrhythmic agen... |
9,854 | Flow-reversal device for cerebral protection during carotid artery stenting--acute and long-term results. | Several types of cerebral (embolic) protection devices have been used in patients undergoing carotid stenting. This study assessed results achieved with a flow-reversal system.</AbstractText>Carotid stenting was performed in 56 patients (mean age, 68 +/- 9 years). The mean percentage of stenosis was 77%+/- 10%. During ... |
9,855 | Induction of atrial fibrillation after the routine use of adenosine. | We report a case of atrial fibrillation induction after the use of adenosine for the termination of supraventricular tachycardia in the emergency department. Atrial fibrillation is not an uncommon side effect of adenosine administration. Hemodynamic collapse may occur if an antegrade-conducting accessory pathway allows... |
9,856 | [The best of arrhythmia in 2005]. | In 2005, one of the major areas of interest in the field of electrophysiology remains ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF). Identification of specific atrial sites, likely playing a role in the perpetuation of this arrhythmia has taken part in the ablation technique refinement. An increase in the rate of asymptomatic A... |
9,857 | [Prevalence of supraventricular tachycardia and tachyarrhythmias in resuscitated cardiac arrest]. | Supraventricular arrhythmias are considered to be benign when the ventricular rate is slowed and treated by anticoagulants. The aim of this study was to determine the possible influence of these arrhythmias in resuscitated cardiac arrest. Between 1980 and 2002, 151 patients were admitted after a cardiac arrest. Suprave... |
9,858 | The independent effects of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on cardiovascular risk factors in humans. | This review details the independent effects of purified eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on cardiovascular risk factors in humans. We report data from the recent literature and our own controlled clinical trials which compared the independent effects of these fatty acids in individuals at increased risk o... |
9,859 | Biventricular pacing improves the blunted force-frequency relation present during univentricular pacing in patients with heart failure and conduction delay. | In patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and conduction delay, biventricular (BiV) and left ventricular (LV) pacing similarly improve systolic function at resting heart rates. We hypothesized that BiV and univentricular pacing differentially affect contractile function at increasing heart rates.</AbstractText>Twent... |
9,860 | Acute onset of halos and glare: bilateral corneal epithelial edema with cystic eruptions--atypical presentation of amiodarone keratopathy. | Amiodarone (Cordarone; Wyeth, Ayerst, New York) is a potassium channel blocking antiarrythmal medication indicated for recurrent ventricular fibrillation and recurrent hemodynamically unstable ventricular tachycardia. Chemically, it is classified as an iodinated benzofuran derivate antiarrythmal drug not chemically rel... |
9,861 | [Therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest--status]. | Induced hypothermia in comatose patients resuscitated from cardiac arrest improves survival and neurological outcome when the initial rhythm is ventricular fibrillation. Results from 26 patients treated with early prehospital cooling, continued in hospital with cold fluids and body surface cooling, are presented. Sixte... |
9,862 | New approaches to out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. | Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OOH-CA) is a leading cause of mortality and the focus of significant research. Recent studies provide new evidence that may change our management of OOH-CA and improve outcomes. The findings of two recently published studies of OOH-CA are reviewed in this article. The first, the Public A... |
9,863 | Rate control in atrial fibrillation: looking beyond the average heart rate. | The aim of this article is to provide a perspective on rate control in atrial fibrillation which emphasizes patient wellbeing (exercise tolerance, symptoms, quality of life) over attempts to reduce resting or exercise heart rate to an arbitrary range.</AbstractText>Recent trials of rhythm versus rate control strategies... |
9,864 | Pacing delivered rate and rhythm control for atrial fibrillation. | Device therapy for atrial fibrillation remains contentious despite the recognized benefit of atrial pacing in sinus node dysfunction. There are various new specialized pacing algorithms that aim to provide rhythm or rate control in atrial fibrillation. We review the various options for device therapy and the evidence a... |
9,865 | Defibrillation of the heart: insights into mechanisms from modelling studies. | Despite its critical role in restoring cardiac rhythm and thus in saving human life, cardiac defibrillation remains poorly understood. Further mechanistic inquiry is hampered by the inability of presently available experimental techniques to resolve, with sufficient accuracy, electrical behaviour confined to the depth ... |
9,866 | Heart diseases and stroke. | A heterogeneous group of heart diseases, varying by cardiac anatomy and physiology, are responsible for a variety of embolic materials that result in cerebral and systemic embolism. Atrial fibrillation accounts for nearly half of all cardioembolic stroke, particularly in the elderly, but in the young congenital septal ... |
9,867 | Ventricular fibrillation due to severe hypokalemia induced by steroid treatment in a patient with thyrotoxic periodic paralysis. | We report a 25-year-old Japanese man with ventricular fibrillation associated with severe hypokalemia. He developed arm and leg paralysis. He had received 2 g of methylprednisolone because thoracic epidural hematoma had been suspected in another hospital. His serum potassium was 0.8 mEq/l on arrival at our hospital. Ha... |
9,868 | The role of vasopressin in cardiorespiratory arrest and pulmonary hypertension. | Vasopressin is a peptide synthesized in the hypothalamus whose primary role is in fluid homeostasis. It has recently gained interest as a potential agent in the treatment of cardiorespiratory arrest. Initial human studies have shown benefits with vasopressin in patients with out of hospital ventricular fibrillation and... |
9,869 | Multiple types of cardiac arrhythmias in a child with head injury and raised intracranial pressure. | Arrhythmias occur as a life-threatening complication in adults with severe head injuries. A wide spectrum of brady- and tachyarrhythmias and different pathogenetic mechanisms have been described. We report an 8-year-old boy with traumatic brain injury who developed a variety of independent types of arrhythmias during t... |
9,870 | Are implantable cardioverter defibrillator shocks a surrogate for sudden cardiac death in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy? | Ventricular tachyarrhythmias long enough to cause implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) shocks are generally thought to progress to cardiac arrest. In previous ICD trials, shocks have been considered an appropriate surrogate for sudden cardiac death (SCD) because the number of shocks has been thought to be equiv... |
9,871 | Cardiovascular complications of severe acute respiratory syndrome. | Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a virulent viral infection that affects a number of organs and systems. This study examined if SARS may result in cardiovascular complications.</AbstractText>121 patients (37.5 (SD13.2) years, 36% male) diagnosed to have SARS were assessed continuously for blood pressure, pul... |
9,872 | Modern management of arrhythmias. | The specialist management of arrhythmias has changed significantly over the past decade. This article outlines current management strategies for atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation, with particular emphasis on curative strategies with catheter ablation and the recent data on rhythm compared with rate control strateg... |
9,873 | Selective induction of matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases in atrial and ventricular myocardium in patients with atrial fibrillation. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) produces changes in atrial structure and extracellular matrix composition, which is regulated by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Moreover, AF often occurs in the setting of congestive heart failure (CHF), which also affects MMPs. Whether changes in MMPs or the tissue inhibitors of metalloprot... |
9,874 | A percutaneous swine model of myocardial infarction. | The aim of this study was to develop a percutaneous, low risk, and reproducible technique of MI that simulates human disease.</AbstractText>MI was induced in 44 swine (32.8+/-7.2 kg) by percutaneous embolization coil deployment in the left anterior descending coronary artery. Hemodynamic measurements, left heart cathet... |
9,875 | The effects of pre-arrest heparin administration dose for cardiac arrest model using extracorporeal lung and a heart assist (ECLHA) in dogs. | Clinical and experimental studies have shown that marked activation of blood coagulation occurs in cardiac arrest (CA) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Extracorporeal lung and heart assist (ECLHA) is applied in CA patients who cannot be rescued using conventional therapies. We hypothesized that the dose of hepa... |
9,876 | The characteristics of postcountershock pulseless electrical activity may indicate the outcome of CPR. | When ventricular fibrillation is cardioverted to pulseless electrical activity (PEA), PEA has been regarded as a non-resuscitatable rhythm. Yet, recent reports and our earlier observations suggested otherwise. We therefore investigated outcomes after postcountershock PEA, and aimed to develop a scoring system for outco... |
9,877 | Postoperative white blood cell count predicts atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery. | Postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) occurs in as many as 50% of cardiac surgery patients and represents the most common postoperative rhythm complication. The cause of AF after cardiac surgery is incompletely understood, and its prevention remains suboptimal. Currently the role of inflammation and oxidative stress o... |
9,878 | A new device producing manual sternal compression with thoracic constraint for cardiopulmonary resuscitation. | Blood flow during conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is usually less than adequate to sustain vital organ perfusion. A new chest compression device (LifeBelt) which compresses both the sternum and the lateral thoraces (compression and thoracic constraint) has been developed. The device is light weight, po... |
9,879 | Leukoaraiosis is associated with functional impairment in older patients with Alzheimer's disease but not vascular dementia. | Leukoaraiosis (LA) is a common finding in older persons, and might be associated with reduced cognitive performance, gait abnormalities, and functional impairment. Although LA is more frequent in persons affected by dementia, scant data are available about its clinical consequences in this group of patients.</AbstractT... |
9,880 | Correlation of alpha-skeletal actin expression, ventricular fibrosis and heart function with the degree of pressure overload cardiac hypertrophy in rats. | We have analysed alterations of alpha-skeletal actin expression and volume fraction of fibrosis in the ventricular myocardium and their functional counterpart in terms of arrhythmogenesis and haemodynamic variables, in rats with different degrees of compensated cardiac hypertrophy induced by infra-renal abdominal aorti... |
9,881 | Whole heart action potential duration restitution properties in cardiac patients: a combined clinical and modelling study. | Steep action potential duration (APD) restitution has been shown to facilitate wavebreak and ventricular fibrillation. The global APD restitution properties in cardiac patients are unknown. We report a combined clinical electrophysiology and computer modelling study to: (1) determine global APD restitution properties i... |
9,882 | Onset and progression of fatal coronary dissection during angiography. | Coronary angiography was performed in a 43-year-old man admitted to hospital for chest pain. The first frames after the injection of contrast medium showed plaque in the left main coronary artery and subtotal stenosis of the mid-left anterior descending coronary artery. Dissection of the left main coronary artery appea... |
9,883 | Tissue Doppler-derived index of left ventricular filling pressure, E/E', predicts survival of patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation. | To investigate whether the ratio of early transmitral flow velocity (E) to early diastolic mitral annular velocity (E') predict prognosis in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation.</AbstractText>230 patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation were enrolled and studied. According to E/E' value, patients were ... |
9,884 | [Atrial fibrillation, heart failure and QT interval prolongation -- diastolic and therapeutic difficulties]. | A case of a 51-year old female with persistent atrial fibrillation, decompensated heart failure and polymorphic ventricular tachycardia due to acquired long QT syndrome is presented. Difficulties in monitoring QT interval and factors associated with torsades de points are discussed. |
9,885 | The relationship between T-wave polarity and clinical as well as angiographic findings in the early stage of acute myocardial infarction. | Restoration of a positive T-wave in the chronic stage of myocardial infarction (MI) is usually seen in patients with a non-Q-wave (non-transmural) MI, where a viable tissue is present. The causes and significance of a positive T-wave in the early phase of acute MI are not clear.</AbstractText>To investigate angiographi... |
9,886 | Does p-wave dispersion predict the atrial fibrillation occurrence after direct-current shock therapy? | Supraventricular tachycardia attacks, including atrial fibrillation (AF), occur after both external and internal cardioversions. These attacks of atrial fibrillation after direct-current (DC) shock may be related to hemodynamic impairment, thromboembolic events, or enhanced electrical instability of the ventricular and... |
9,887 | Development and testing of an algorithm to detect implantable cardioverter-defibrillator lead failure. | Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) lead failures often present as inappropriate shock therapy. An algorithm that can reliably discriminate between ventricular tachyarrhythmias and noise due to lead failure may prevent patient discomfort and anxiety and avoid device-induced proarrhythmia by preventing inapprop... |
9,888 | Survival in biopsy-proven myocarditis: a long-term retrospective analysis of the histopathologic, clinical, and hemodynamic predictors. | We hypothesized that histopathology predicts survival without cardiac transplantation in patients with biopsy-proven myocarditis.</AbstractText>The role of endomyocardial biopsy in diagnosing myocarditis remains controversial. Histopathology has been integrated with clinical and hemodynamic features to predict prognosi... |
9,889 | Left atrial diameter as an independent predictor of first clinical cardiovascular events in middle-aged and elderly adults: the Strong Heart Study (SHS). | Echocardiographic left atrial (LA) volume has been documented to be an independent predictor of cardiovascular events. Less is known about the predictive ability of anteroposterior LA diameter, a simpler measure of LA size obtained routinely during echocardiographic evaluation.</AbstractText>We investigated the prognos... |
9,890 | Prediction of the recurrence of atrial fibrillation after cardioversion in the Atrial Fibrillation Follow-up Investigation of Rhythm Management (AFFIRM) study. | The early recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) after cardioversion and the need for frequent cardioversions to maintain sinus rhythm are important clinical features of AF management.</AbstractText>We evaluated patients in the AFFIRM study whose qualifying episode of AF lasted > or = 48 hours and was terminated by ... |
9,891 | Strategy for safe performance of magnetic resonance imaging on a patient with implantable cardioverter defibrillator. | Clinically indicated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain was safely performed at 1.5 T on a patient with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). The ICD was reprogrammed to detection only, and imaging hardware and protocols were modified to minimize radiofrequency power deposition to the ICD system. ... |
9,892 | Catheter ablation for an incessant form of antiarrhythmic drug-resistant ventricular fibrillation after acute coronary syndrome. | A 77-year-old man was admitted with an acute coronary syndrome (ACS), severe heart failure (HF), and repeated ventricular fibrillation (VF) episodes. A single premature ventricular complex (PVC) induced ventricular tachycardia (VT), which degenerated to VF reproducibly. This PVC was eliminated by catheter ablation at t... |
9,893 | Dyslipidemia is associated with ventricular tachyarrhythmia in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. | Ventricular tachyarrhythmia developing in the acute stage of myocardial infarction (MI) is an important cause of sudden cardiac death. The aim of this study was to determine whether dyslipidemia is associated with the occurrence of ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation (VT/VF) during the acute stage of ST-segment elevat... |
9,894 | A case of dextrocardiac ventricular fibrillation arrest. | Successful defibrillation of a patient with dextrocardia using conventional anterolateral paddle positions raises doubts about the necessity to place paddles in the exact recommended positions. Evidence found relates either to volunteers in a laboratory setting or to defibrillation of atrial arrhythmias. The conclusion... |
9,895 | Renal infarction without hematuria: two case reports. | Clinical cases of renal infarction are rarely seen and often either misdiagnosed or initially treated as something else. In most circumstances, renal infarctions are discovered accidentally, not due to a consideration of the diagnosis. A review of the literature reveals that we ought to search for the entity in patient... |
9,896 | Measurement of microvolt T-wave alternans, a new arrhythmic risk stratification test, in Type 2 diabetic patients without clinical cardiovascular disease. | Patients with a positive microvolt T-wave alternans (TWA) are at increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Although Type 2 diabetes is associated with an increased risk of these events, there is a dearth of available data on measurements of TWA in people with Type 2 diabetes.</AbstractText>We ... |
9,897 | A lethal complication of propofol. | High-dose propofol infusion for sedation of patients in the intensive care unit can result in rhabdomyolysis, acute renal failure, metabolic acidosis, hyperkalemia, ventricular arrhythmia, hyperthermia, and death. The death of a patient with such complications after lung biopsy is reported. Until a safer dosage range h... |
9,898 | Cardiocerebral resuscitation for cardiac arrest. | Survival rates from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest continue to be low despite periodic updates in the Guidelines for Emergency Medical Services and periodic improvements such as the addition of automatic external defibrillators (AEDs). The low incidence of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), substantial time... |
9,899 | [Ventricular fibrillation caused by a misplaced Sengstaken tube]. | Uncontrollable hemorrhage from esophageal varicose veins in portal hypertension and cirrhosis of the liver may be treated with a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube. A case of ventricular fibrillation caused by a misplaced Sengstaken-Blakemore tube is described. Patients with a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube in place should be checke... |
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