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9,600 | Apical ballooning syndrome or takotsubo cardiomyopathy: a systematic review. | To clarify the major features of the apical ballooning syndrome, we performed a systematic review of the existing literature.</AbstractText>Review of all relevant case series using the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases resulted in the identification of 14 studies. These studies suggest that the apical ballooning syndrome ac... |
9,601 | Impact of transforming growth factor-beta1 on atrioventricular node conduction modification by injected autologous fibroblasts in the canine heart. | Atrioventricular (AV) nodal ablation for management of atrial fibrillation (AF) is irreversible and requires permanent pacemaker implantation. We hypothesized that as an alternative, implantation of autologous fibroblasts in the perinodal region would focally modify AV nodal conduction and that this modulation would be... |
9,602 | Postischemic hyperoxia reduces hippocampal pyruvate dehydrogenase activity. | The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHC) is a mitochondrial matrix enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate and represents the sole bridge between anaerobic and aerobic cerebral energy metabolism. Previous studies demonstrating loss of PDHC enzyme activity and immunoreactivity during reperfusion... |
9,603 | Evolving role of vasopressin in the treatment of cardiac arrest. | Sudden cardiac arrest is a major public heath problem, affecting more than 450,000 individuals annually. Response time and the initiation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) remain the most important factors determining successful revival. During resuscitation, sympathomimetics are given to enhance cerebral and coro... |
9,604 | Diabetes and impaired fasting glucose as predictors of morbidity and mortality in male coronary artery disease patients with reduced left ventricular function. | To evaluate the prognostic value of impaired fasting glucose and diabetes mellitus in male patients with coronary artery disease and poor left ventricular function.</AbstractText>From a prospective database on patients referred for gated myocardial perfusion imaging between 1998 and 2002 all male patients with a histor... |
9,605 | [Successful resuscitation of intractable hyperkalemic cardiac arrest]. | We report on a 42-year-old oliguric uremic man on regular hemodialysis who developed sudden cardiac arrest, secondary to severe hyperkalemia, with a plasma potassium concentration of 9.7 mEq x l(-1). The cardiac arrest persisted after the initiation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and intensive treatment for marked hy... |
9,606 | [A case of anaphylactic shock in an elderly man following protamine sulfate administration during emergent off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting]. | An 80-year-old diabetic man undergoing emergent off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting for acute myocardial infarction developed anaphylactic shock immediately following administering a small dose of protamine sulfate. Preoperative examination revealed atrial fibrillation, severe three-vessel coronary artery disease ... |
9,607 | [Emergent coronary artery bypass grafting for a patient with cardiopulmonary arrest]. | A 59-year-old man was admitted to our hospital due to sudden onset of unconsciousness caused by myocardial infarction with ventricular fibrillation. Emergent coronary angiography under intraaortic balloon pumping revealed 90% stenosis of the left main trunk and left anterior descending artery (LAD), and complete obstru... |
9,608 | [Life-threatening ventricular tachycardia during flecainide treatment for symptomatic atrial fibrillation in a patient with a structural cardiac disorder]. | A 37-year-old man with symptomatic acute atrial fibrillation and a low-voltage electrocardiogram was treated with flecainide intravenously. Instead of conversion to sinus rhythm, he developed a wide-complex tachycardia suggestive of ventricular tachycardia. The patient recovered following electric cardioversion. First-... |
9,609 | Cardiac stress MR imaging with dobutamine. | Stress testing for detection of ischemia-induced wall-motion abnormalities has become a mainstay for noninvasive diagnosis and risk stratification of patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). Recent technical developments in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including the adoption of balanced steady-state ... |
9,610 | B-type natriuretic peptide levels in patients with paroxysmal lone atrial fibrillation. | To investigate the levels of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) but without structural heart disease, we measured plasma BNP concentration in 61 consecutive AF patients and in 61 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects. Plasma BNP concentration in the AF group was significantly hig... |
9,611 | Adrenomedullin acts via nitric oxide and peroxynitrite to protect against myocardial ischaemia-induced arrhythmias in anaesthetized rats. | 1. The overall aim of this study was to determine if adrenomedullin (AM) protects against myocardial ischaemia (MI)-induced arrhythmias via nitric oxide (NO) and peroxynitrite. 2. In sham-operated rats, the effects of in vivo administration of a bolus dose of AM (1 nmol kg-1) was assessed on arterial blood pressure (BP... |
9,612 | From evidence to clinical practice: effective implementation of therapeutic hypothermia to improve patient outcome after cardiac arrest. | Therapeutic hypothermia has been recommended for postcardiac arrest coma due to ventricular fibrillation. However, no studies have evaluated whether therapeutic hypothermia could be effectively implemented in intensive care practice and whether it would improve the outcome of all comatose patients with cardiac arrest, ... |
9,613 | Trans-fatty acids and sudden cardiac death. | Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is usually due to ventricular fibrillation and can occur as a first manifestation of heart disease. Prevention of ventricular fibrillation and SCD with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids is well documented. Trans-fatty acids (TFA) in the diet and cell membranes might affect the risk of SCD as we... |
9,614 | [Myocardial disease mortality in children and young adults. A population-based observational study]. | Few studies have investigated death due to myocardial disease in children and young adults. The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological, clinical, and pathologic characteristics of death in these cases.</AbstractText>Population-based observational study of all deaths in individuals aged 1-35 years in the S... |
9,615 | High-efficiency multiplex capillary electrophoresis single strand conformation polymorphism (multi-CE-SSCP) mutation screening of SCN5A: a rapid genetic approach to cardiac arrhythmia. | Mutations in the SCN5A gene coding for the alpha-subunit of the cardiac Na(+) ion channel cause long QT syndrome, Brugada syndrome, idiopathic ventricular fibrillation, sick sinus node syndrome, progressive conduction disease, dilated cardiomyopathy and atrial standstill. These diseases exhibit variable expressivity, a... |
9,616 | [Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation]. | In patients with drug-refractory atrial fibrillation, left-atrial catheter ablation represents a new curative therapeutic option. Segmental ostial or circumferential pulmonary vein isolation can achieve stable sinus rhythm in some 70% of patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation but no severe structural heart diseas... |
9,617 | [Spectral parameters of heart rate variability and frequency of detection of autoantibodies to beta(1)-adrenoreceptors in patients with tachyarrhythmias: idiopathic and at the background of primary myocardial diseases]. | In order to assess parameters of heart rate variability (HRV) and prevalence of autoantibodies against the beta(1)-adrenoreceptors in patients with cardiac arrhythmias we studied 42 patients with arrhythmias and 20 healthy control subjects. Thirty one patients with idiopathic arrhythmias were included in group I: with ... |
9,618 | Beta1-Adrenergic receptor antagonism abrogates cardioprotective effects of intermittent hypoxia.<Pagination><StartPage>436</StartPage><EndPage>446</EndPage><MedlinePgn>436-46</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText>Adaptation to hypoxia lessens myocardial ischemic injury. This study tested whether hypoxia-indu... | Adaptation to hypoxia lessens myocardial ischemic injury. This study tested whether hypoxia-induced beta-adrenergic activity mobilizes mechanisms that protect myocardium during subsequent ischemia and reperfusion. Dogs were intermittent hypoxia conditioned (IHC) by a 20 days program of 5-8 daily, 5-10 min cycles of nor... |
9,619 | Focal pharmacological modulation of atrioventricular nodal conduction via implantable catheter: a novel therapy for atrial fibrillation? | Pharmacological ventricular rate control is an acceptable atrial fibrillation (AF) therapy limited by systemic toxicity. We postulate that focal catheter-based drug delivery into the atrioventricular nodal (AVN) region may effectively control ventricular rate during AF without systemic toxicity. This study evaluated th... |
9,620 | Transvenous pacing leads and systemic thromboemboli in patients with intracardiac shunts: a multicenter study. | The risk of systemic thromboemboli associated with transvenous leads in the presence of an intracardiac shunt is currently unknown.</AbstractText>To define this risk, we conducted a multicenter, retrospective cohort study of 202 patients with intracardiac shunts: Sixty-four had transvenous leads (group 1), 56 had epica... |
9,621 | [Conventional surgery for congestive heart failure]. | Congestive heart failure is a major public health problem in western countries. Although substantial efforts have been made in the last decades in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease, the incidence of end-stage dilated cardiomyopathy is still increasing. Heart transplantation represents th... |
9,622 | [Recurrent cardiac arrest due to electro-mechanical dissociation in a patient with variant angina -- a case report]. | We present a case of a 44-year-old male with recurrent episodes of cardiac arrest in the course of Prinzmetal's angina. Episodes of variant angina can be life threatening due to episodes of advanced atrioventricular block, asystole, ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation. It has been suggested to implant a... |
9,623 | Tachyarrhythmias in percutaneous coronary interventions. | Accompanying the clear benefits, there are certain risks of tachyarrhythmias in percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI), including serious ventricular arrhythmias and atrial fibrillation (AF). Ventricular arrhythmias may result from excess catheter manipulation, intracoronary dye injection, new ischemic events, or re... |
9,624 | Cellular basis for trigger and maintenance of ventricular fibrillation in the Brugada syndrome model: high-resolution optical mapping study. | We examined how repolarization and depolarization abnormalities contribute to the development of extrasystoles and subsequent ventricular fibrillation (VF) in a model of the Brugada syndrome.</AbstractText>Repolarization and depolarization abnormalities have been considered to be mechanisms of the coved-type ST-segment... |
9,625 | Atrial fibrillation and risk of clinical events in chronic heart failure with and without left ventricular systolic dysfunction: results from the Candesartan in Heart failure-Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and morbidity (CHARM) program. | We assessed the risk of adverse cardiovascular (CV) outcomes associated with atrial fibrillation (AF) in the Candesartan in Heart failure-Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and morbidity (CHARM) program, which enrolled patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and a broad range of ejection fractions (EFs).</AbstractT... |
9,626 | Prevention of ventricular desynchronization by permanent para-Hisian pacing after atrioventricular node ablation in chronic atrial fibrillation: a crossover, blinded, randomized study versus apical right ventricular pacing. | The aim of our study was to evaluate the feasibility, the safety, and hemodynamic improvements induced by permanent para-Hisian pacing in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation and narrow QRS who underwent atrioventricular (AV) node ablation.</AbstractText>Right ventricular apical pacing, inducing asynchronous ventr... |
9,627 | Biventricular versus conventional right ventricular stimulation for patients with standard pacing indication and left ventricular dysfunction: the Homburg Biventricular Pacing Evaluation (HOBIPACE). | The Homburg Biventricular Pacing Evaluation (HOBIPACE) is the first randomized controlled study that compares the biventricular (BV) pacing approach with conventional right ventricular (RV) pacing in patients with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and a standard indication for antibradycardia pacing in the ventricle.</... |
9,628 | Modelling the health benefits and economic implications of implanting dual-chamber vs. single-chamber ventricular pacemakers in the UK. | To estimate the consequences of managing bradycardia due to sinoatrial node disease or atrioventricular block with dual-chamber vs. single-chamber ventricular pacemakers.</AbstractText>A discrete-event simulation was conducted to predict outcomes over 5 years. Patients could develop post-operative complications, clinic... |
9,629 | Indices of electrical and contractile remodeling during atrial fibrillation in man. | Atrial electrical and contractile remodeling have been demonstrated to coincide during atrial fibrillation (AF) in experimental studies. We explored whether electrical and contractile remodeling correlate in man and explored its clinical implications.</AbstractText>Forty-nine patients with persistent AF were studied. E... |
9,630 | Automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillators in Chagas' heart disease patients with malignant ventricular arrhythmias.<Pagination><StartPage>467</StartPage><EndPage>470</EndPage><MedlinePgn>467-70</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText>A total of 46 consecutive Chagas' disease patients had an automatic c... | A total of 46 consecutive Chagas' disease patients had an automatic cardioverter defibrillator implanted at our institution from October 1998 to January 2004. A retrospective longitudinal study was carried out to identity type of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias as well as type of therapy delivered. Of these, 4... |
9,631 | Clinical practicality and predictive value of transoesophageal echocardiography in early cardioversion of atrial fibrillation. | The objective of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE)-guided cardioversion (CV) of atrial fibrillation (AF) in daily clinical practice.</AbstractText>Transthoracic echocardiography and TOE were performed in 346 consecutive patients with AF lasting longer than 48 h or of u... |
9,632 | Documented exercise-induced cardiac arrest in a paediatric patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. | A paediatric patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) presented cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation. Ventricular arrhythmias were not induced in an electrophysiological study, but an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) was implanted. Nine months later, the child experienced a recurrence of car... |
9,633 | Pro-arrhythmic effects of amiodarone and concomitant rate-control medication. | Amiodarone is one of the most efficient and safe antiarrhythmic drugs in the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). Although pro-arrhythmic effects of amiodarone therapy are rare, the aim of the present study was to identify clinical constellations which may lead to amiodarone-associated pro-arrhythmia.</AbstractText>S... |
9,634 | The role of late I and antiarrhythmic drugs in EAD formation and termination in Purkinje fibers. | Multiple components of cardiac Na current play a role in determining electrical excitation in the heart. Recently, the role of nonequilibrium components in controlling cardiac action potential plateau duration, and their importance in regulating the occurrence of afterdepolarizations and arrhythmias have garnered more ... |
9,635 | Familial Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome: a disease of glycogen storage or ion channel dysfunction? | Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome is the most common cause of ventricular pre-excitation, a condition where, due to defects in the conduction pathway, all or part of the ventricle is excited earlier than would normally be expected, often leading to ventricular fibrillation and sudden cardiac death. It was recently d... |
9,636 | Cardiac arrest associated with febrile illness due to U.K. acquired Cyclospora cayetanensis. | This report describes a 43 yr old man diagnosed with U.K. acquired cyclospora cayetanensis infection resulting in fever and diarrhoea. In course of the febrile illness, he suffered an out of hospital cardiac arrest. Extensive cardiac investigation including a transthoracic echocardiogram, coronary angiogram, and cardia... |
9,637 | Anomalous LAD and CX artery arising separately from the proximal right coronary artery--a case report of single coronary artery with coronary artery disease. | Coronary artery anomaly has been reported at a rate of 0.6% to 1.3% in routine angiographic series. Moreover, single coronary artery is one of the rarest anomalies among coronary anomalies. Eventhough patients with coronary anomalies are usually asymptomatic, they may also be associated with myocardial ischemia, ventri... |
9,638 | Comparison of the effects of VVI versus DDD pacing on cardiac baroreflex function. | Conventional baroreceptor-heart rate (HR) reflex sensitivity cannot be examined in chronotropically incompetent patients or in pacemaker recipients. However, cardiac baroreceptor reflex sensitivity (BRS)-stroke volume (SV), which is closely and linearly correlated with BRS-HR, may be an alternative in that population. ... |
9,639 | Results of the multicenter RENEWAL 3 AVT clinical study of cardiac resynchronization defibrillator therapy in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. | Atrial fibrillation impacts the clinical course of up to 50% of patients with advanced heart failure (HF) who are eligible for cardiac resynchronization therapy with a defibrillator (CRT-D). While RV-based defibrillators are available with advanced atrial diagnostics and therapies that provide rapid diagnosis and treat... |
9,640 | Tpeak-Tend and Tpeak-Tend dispersion as risk factors for ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation in patients with the Brugada syndrome. | Our objective in this study was to evaluate Tpeak-Tend interval (Tp-e) and other electrocardiographic parameters as risk factors for recurrence of life-threatening cardiac events in patients with the Brugada syndrome (BS).</AbstractText>The Tp-e interval in the electrocardiogram (ECG) has been reported to predict life-... |
9,641 | Preoperative C-reactive protein is predictive of long-term outcome after coronary artery bypass surgery. | Increased levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) are associated with the presence and severity of atherosclerosis, and with increased risk of coronary events as well as of cardiac events after coronary percutaneous intervention.</AbstractText>We have investigated whether preoperative CRP had an impact on the long-term outc... |
9,642 | Inappropriate ICD discharge due to T-wave oversensing in a patient with the Brugada syndrome. | Accurate sensing is an essential requirement for appropriate functioning of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). T-wave oversensing remains as an annoying problem in currently available ICD. The Brugada syndrome with its inherent dynamic variations in electrophysiologic phenomena may complicate ICD therapy. We... |
9,643 | Vulnerable window for conduction block in a one-dimensional cable of cardiac cells, 2: multiple extrasystoles. | Unidirectional conduction block of premature extrasystoles can lead to initiation of cardiac reentry, causing lethal arrhythmias including ventricular fibrillation. Multiple extrasystoles are often more effective at inducing unidirectional conduction block and reentry than a single extrasystole. Since the substrate for... |
9,644 | Hemodynamic and respiratory effects of negative tracheal pressure during CPR in pigs. | A new device, the intrathoracic pressure regulator (ITPR), was developed to generate continuous negative intrathoracic pressure during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and allow for intermittent positive pressure ventilation. Use of the ITPR has been shown to increase vital organ perfusion and short-term survival ra... |
9,645 | n-3 Fatty acids, cardiac arrhythmia and fatal coronary heart disease. | n-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) are suggested to prevent cardiac death via inhibition of cardiac arrhythmia. In this review we discuss the results of human studies on intake of n-3 PUFAs and heart disease and, more specifically, on cardiac arrhythmia. Observational studies indicate that intake of fish is ass... |
9,646 | [Vagal effects on inducibility of atrial fibrillation at different sites of pulmonary veins after autonomic denervation]. | To investigate the vagal effects on the inducibility of atrial fibrillation (AF) at different sites of pulmonary vein after autonomic denervation.</AbstractText>The bilateral cervical vagal trunks of 10 male mongrel dogs were isolated and decentralized. The ansae subclaviae were exposed, ligated, and cut. Needle electr... |
9,647 | Cardiac dysrhythmias during donor care. | Organ procurement coordinators must treat various cardiac dysrhythmias (arrhythmias), including rhythm disturbances that may cause or follow a cardiac arrest, in about 15% to 50% of donors. Treatment decisions should be based on the particular dysrhythmia and its effect on donor blood pressure. Medications selected sho... |
9,648 | Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and arrhythmia in military pilots. | Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (ApHCM), a subtype of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, may be found incidentally in healthy young adults. Arrhythmias are poor prognostic signs, and are the most frequent cause of sudden cardiac death. We present two cases of military aviators with ApHCM. One was a high-performance jet we... |
9,649 | Optical recording-guided pacing to create functional line of block during ventricular fibrillation. | Low-energy defibrillation is very desirable in cardiac rhythm management. We previously reported that ventricular fibrillation (VF) can be synchronized with a novel synchronized pacing technique (SyncP) using low-energy pacing pulses. This study sought to create a line of block during VF using SyncP. SyncP was performe... |
9,650 | Therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest. | Patients who are successfully resuscitated following cardiac arrest often have a significant medical condition termed postresuscitation disease. This includes myocardial stunning, metabolic abnormalities and neurologic injury from global ischemia. There are no clinical signs or diagnostic tests for 24-72 h to distingui... |
9,651 | Incidence and significance of gasping or agonal respirations in cardiac arrest patients. | This review examines the clinical significance of agonal respirations associated with cardiac arrest.</AbstractText>Observational data indicate that agonal respirations are frequent (55% of witnessed cardiac arrests and probably higher) and that they are associated with successful resuscitation. They also are found mor... |
9,652 | Haemodynamics of cardiac arrest and resuscitation. | This review will summarize the available data regarding the haemodynamic changes occurring following cardiac arrest in humans and animal models.</AbstractText>Following cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation without cardiopulmonary resuscitation, blood flow exponentially falls but continues for approximately 5 ... |
9,653 | [Perioperative management of cardiac arrhythmia: part II]. | Cardiac arrhythmias are an important cause of complications throughout the perioperative period. Although our understanding of arrhythmias has increased considerably in recent years, they remain a source of concern for anesthesiologists. Our objective was to review steps to take when diagnosing arrhythmia. Although tre... |
9,654 | What are the etiology and epidemiology of out-of-hospital pediatric cardiopulmonary arrest in Ontario, Canada? | Pediatric cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) outside of the hospital has a very high mortality rate.</AbstractText>To evaluate the etiology and initial compromise of pediatric CPA cases in hopes of developing strategies to improve out-of-hospital resuscitation.</AbstractText>The Ontario Prehospital Advanced Life Support (OPA... |
9,655 | Outcome of watchful waiting in asymptomatic severe mitral regurgitation. | The management of asymptomatic severe mitral regurgitation remains controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of a watchful waiting strategy in which patients are referred to surgery when symptoms occur or when asymptomatic patients develop left ventricular (LV) enlargement, LV dysfunction, pulmon... |
9,656 | 2005 American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and emergency cardiovascular care (ECC) of pediatric and neonatal patients: pediatric basic life support. | This publication presents the 2005 American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and emergency cardiovascular care (ECC) of the pediatric patient and the 2005 American Academy of Pediatrics/AHA guidelines for CPR and ECC of the neonate. The guidelines are based on the evidence eval... |
9,657 | T-wave oversensing by an implantable cardioverter defibrillator after successful ablation of idiopathic ventricular fibrillation. | Focal ablation of trigger premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) from the Purkinje system helped to suppress idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (VF) in an athlete who had suffered from frequent appropriate shock therapies. However, only a few days after successful ablation T-wave oversensing occurred during exercise a... |
9,658 | Reduction of RV pacing by continuous optimization of the AV interval. | In patients requiring permanent pacing, preservation of intrinsic ventricular activation is preferred whenever possible. The Search AV+ (SAV+) algorithm in Medtronic EnPulsetrade mark dual-chamber pacemakers can increase atrioventricular (AV) intervals to 320 ms in patients with intact or intermittent AV conduction. Th... |
9,659 | Medium-term efficacy of segmental ostial pulmonary vein isolation for the treatment of permanent and persistent atrial fibrillation. | Previous studies suggest that segmental ostial isolation of the pulmonary veins for the treatment of patients with persistent and permanent atrial fibrillation is associated with a high rate of recurrence. Recurrence of atrial fibrillation is usually associated with electrical reconnection of the pulmonary veins to the... |
9,660 | Blanked atrial flutter in patients with cardiac resynchronization therapy: clinical significance and implications for device programming. | Atrial arrhythmias are frequently observed in patients with heart failure and may be a primary cause for decompensation during cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). The accurate detection of organized atrial tachyarrhythmias poses a challenge to the function of mode-switching biventricular pacemakers/defibrillators.... |
9,661 | "Torsade de pointes" in patients with structural heart disease and atrial fibrillation treated with amiodarone, beta-blockers, and digitalis. | Amiodarone is one of the most efficient and safe antiarrhythmic drugs in the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). Yet, though rare, proarrhythmic effects remain a clinical problem. We present three cases of amiodarone-associated "Torsade de pointes" tachycardia (Tdp) in patients treated concomitantly with heart rate ... |
9,662 | Efficacy and safety of ibutilide for the conversion of monomorphic atrial tachycardia. | Ibutilide is a class III antiarrhythmic drug, frequently used for conversion of atrial fibrillation and flutter. We studied the efficacy of ibutilide for acute conversion of monomorphic atrial tachycardia (monoAT) in a prospective, open label study in the intensive care unit of a cardiological clinic.</AbstractText>We ... |
9,663 | Assessment of markers of thrombin generation in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by ventricular fibrillation. | In most cases, sudden cardiac death is triggered by ischemia-related ventricular tachyarrhythmias and accounts for 50% of deaths from cardiovascular disease in developed countries. Chronic elevation of indicators of coagulation activation has been found in patients with coronary heart disease, but a role of coagulation... |
9,664 | [Mild hypothermia for neuroprotection after cardiac arrest]. | The favorable effect of hypothermia on brain damage resulting from cardiac arrest was first demonstrated in animal studies. Subsequent small-scale human studies have also shown positive effects. In 2002, two large randomized studies investigating the use of controlled mild hypothermia after resuscitation were published... |
9,665 | T wave alternans in an in vitro canine tissue model of Brugada syndrome. | Macroscopic T wave alternans (TWA) associated with increased occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias has been reported in patients with Brugada syndrome. However, the mechanisms in this syndrome are still unclear. We evaluated the hypothesis that TWA in Brugada syndrome was caused by the dynamic instability and heterogen... |
9,666 | Characterization of the relationship between preshock state and virtual electrode polarization-induced propagated graded responses resulting in arrhythmia induction. | Studies have demonstrated that failed defibrillation shocks often are followed by an electrically quiescent period (isoelectric window); however, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. We recently suggested a new mechanism termed "virtual electrode polarization-induced propagated graded responses" (V... |
9,667 | Benefit of millisecond waveform durations for patients with high defibrillation thresholds. | Patients with a high defibrillation threshold (DFT) present an atypical but vexing problem with regard to implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) therapy. Their implant procedures are lengthy and involve more risk of complications. These patients often sustain a reduced safety margin that may compromise their surv... |
9,668 | [Comparative study on characteristics of congestive heart failure patients with preserved versus abnormal left ventricular systolic function and evaluation effects of therapy]. | To compare clinical characteristics and effects of therapy for hospitalized patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) and different left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) during hospitalization.</AbstractText>The medical records of 1 074 unselected consecutive patients with CHF who were admitted to Queen Mary Hos... |
9,669 | Cardiac ischemia and uncoupling: gap junctions in ischemia and infarction. | Acute cardiac ischemia is often associated with ventricular arrhythmia and fibrillation. Due to the loss of ATP, the depolarization of the fibers, and the intracellular Na(+) and Ca(2+) overload with concomitant acidification as well as the accumulation of lysophosphoglyceride and arachidonic acid metabolites, propagat... |
9,670 | Role of connexins in atrial fibrillation. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in humans. AF is accompanied by a remodeling process which changes the electrophysiology of the cells and the gap junctional communication within the tissue. Gap junctions, forming communicating channels between neighboring cells, and their specific geometric arran... |
9,671 | [The design of the external defibrillator using the truncated exponential biphasic waveform]. | The external defibrillator is an emergency instrument used very widely in clinics. It plays an important role in rescuing ventricle fibrillation (VF) patients. We have designed an external defibrillator using the truncated exponential biphasic waveform. The system consists of three parts: the ECG collection module, the... |
9,672 | Syncope secondary to transient atrioventricular block in a German shepherd dog with dilated cardiomyopathy and atrial fibrillation. | This case report describes transient atrioventricular block as the etiology for syncopal events in a 6-year-old male German shepherd dog with atrial fibrillation and dilated cardiomyopathy. The arrhythmia diagnosis was obtained via Holter monitoring. Medical treatment with a sustained-release preparation of theophyllin... |
9,673 | Survival in dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure treated with digoxin, furosemide and propranolol: A retrospective study of 62 dogs. | To retrospectively evaluate survival and potential adverse effects in dogs with congestive heart failure (CHF) attributable to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) treated with propranolol, furosemide and digoxin.</AbstractText>The use of beta-blocking agents has been shown to improve survival in human patients with CHF, inclu... |
9,674 | The Wolff-Parkinson-White electrocardiogram pattern in athletes: how and when to evaluate the risk for dangerous arrhythmias. The opinion of the paediatric cardiologist. | Although diagnostic assessment and treatment have been described in detail in patients with symptomatic Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome, the management of asymptomatic subjects remains controversial. Usually they are assumed to have a benign prognosis, although they do very occasionally present with ventricular fi... |
9,675 | Long QT syndrome and short QT syndrome: how to make correct diagnosis and what about eligibility for sports activity. | Cardiologists are involved in evaluating the eligibility of athletes to practise competitive sport and they should therefore be able to identify the electrocardiographic markers of long QT syndrome (LQTS) and short QT syndrome (SQTS). An overview of the clinical criteria to perform measurement of QT interval on 12-lead... |
9,676 | Brugada-like electrocardiogram pattern: how to stratify the risk for sudden cardiac death. Is sports activity contraindicated? | Brugada syndrome is associated with a considerable risk of sudden death in young and otherwise healthy adults. The syndrome is estimated to be responsible for at least 4% of all sudden deaths and at least 20% of sudden deaths in patients with structurally normal hearts. The diagnosis of Brugada syndrome is based on pec... |
9,677 | Medical and surgical treatment of chronic mitral regurgitation. | Chronic severe mitral regurgitation is a progressive disease that can lead to left ventricular dysfunction. New information on the natural history of the disease, along with advances in surgical techniques, has changed the roles of medical and surgical therapies. There is no well-defined role for medical therapy in chr... |
9,678 | Effects of radial left ventricular dyssynchrony on cardiac performance using quantitative tissue Doppler radial strain imaging. | Our objective was to test the hypothesis that novel angle-corrected radial strain imaging can quantify left ventricular dyssynchrony associated with contractile impairment and improved with biventricular pacing. Eight open-chest dogs were studied by novel angle-corrected color-coded radial strain imaging and high-fidel... |
9,679 | Prevention of atrial fibrillation in patients with symptomatic chronic heart failure by candesartan in the Candesartan in Heart failure: assessment of Reduction in Mortality and morbidity (CHARM) program. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) is frequent in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Experimental and small patient studies have demonstrated that blocking the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system may prevent AF. In the CHARM program, the effects of the angiotensin receptor blocker candesartan on cardiovascular mortality... |
9,680 | Reentrant and nonreentrant forms of atrio-ventricular nodal tachycardia mimicking atrial fibrillation. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) manifests disorganized atrial activity and irregular R-R intervals on electrocardiogram (ECG). Variation in R-R intervals can also be seen with other supraventricular tachycardias that may mimic AF.</AbstractText>We report our observations on three patients who were referred to our center to un... |
9,681 | Do intramural virtual electrodes facilitate successful defibrillation? Model-based analysis of experimental evidence. | Recent computer model and experimental studies have suggested that microscopic intramural collagenous planes may facilitate successful defibrillation through the generation of shock-induced virtual electrodes deep within the ventricular wall. Evidence supporting the existence of intramural virtual electrodes has been d... |
9,682 | Effects of sildenafil citrate on defibrillation efficacy. | Although fatal arrhythmia and sudden death have been reported in patients taking sildenafil citrate, its effect on defibrillation efficacy has not been investigated. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that sildenafil citrate increases the shock strength required to successfully defibrillate during ventric... |
9,683 | A randomized comparison of permanent septal versus apical right ventricular pacing: short-term results. | This study compared chronic right ventricular (RV) pacing at the septum versus apex.</AbstractText>Chronic RV apical pacing may be detrimental to ventricular function. This randomized, pilot study examined whether, compared with apical, permanent septal pacing preserves cardiac function.</AbstractText>Ablation of the a... |
9,684 | Catheter ablation of ventricular fibrillation storm in patients with infiltrative amyloidosis of the heart. | Recent studies have demonstrated that premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) originating from the Purkinje system are responsible for initiation of ventricular fibrillation (VF) in patients with and without structural heart disease. Ablation of the PVCs has been shown to be feasible. We report 2 patients with repeti... |
9,685 | The effect of induction method on defibrillation threshold and ventricular fibrillation cycle length. | Since no clinical data are available on the comparison of the "shock on T-wave" and "high frequency burst" ventricular fibrillation (VF) induction modes during defibrillation threshold (DFT) testing, we aimed to compare these two methods during implantable cardioverter defibrillator implantation.</AbstractText>The DFT ... |
9,686 | Procainamide: Test your drug IQ. | Learn how to safely give this treatment for ventricular arrhythmias. |
9,687 | Prognostic impact of prolonged ventricular repolarization in hypertension. | QT interval prolongation on the surface electrocardiogram (ECG) predicts cardiovascular complications in high-risk subjects, but its prognostic role in uncomplicated hypertension has been understudied.</AbstractText>For up to 13 years (average, 5.3 years), we followed up 2110 white patients with initially untreated ess... |
9,688 | Heart failure during cardiac pacing. | Right ventricular apical (RVA) pacing creates abnormal left ventricular contraction, hypertrophy, and reduced pump function. The adverse effects of ventricular desynchronization may explain the association of RVA pacing with an increased risk of heart failure hospitalization (HFH) in clinical trials.</AbstractText>Base... |
9,689 | Amiodarone-induced alveolar hemorrhage. | Amiodarone is increasingly prescribed for patients with ventricular and supraventricular tachyarrhythmias. Many adverse effects have been reported due to this drug and include injury to the liver, thyroid, cornea, skin, and neuromuscular system. Pulmonary toxicity is one of the more serious side effects of this anti-ar... |
9,690 | ECG changes amongst patients with alcohol withdrawal seizures and delirium tremens. | Alcohol withdrawal seizures and delirium tremens (DT) are serious complications of alcohol dependence. The prevalence of arrhythmias and other electrocardiographic (ECG) changes occurring in these clinical situations is not well studied.</AbstractText>We performed a retrospective analysis of clinical data and ECG's fro... |
9,691 | Effects of low-dose quinidine on ventricular tachyarrhythmias in patients with Brugada syndrome: low-dose quinidine therapy as an adjunctive treatment. | Quinidine is suggested as an effective agent to suppress ventricular fibrillation (VF) in the Brugada syndrome by inhibiting transient outward K(+) current (Ito) leading to the reduction and abbreviation of the disparity of repolarization in the right ventricular outflow region and ST segment elevation in the right pre... |
9,692 | Lifetimes of epicardial rotors in panoramic optical maps of fibrillating swine ventricles. | During ventricular fibrillation (VF), electrical activation waves are fragmented, and the heart cannot contract in synchrony. It has been proposed that VF waves emanate from stable periodic sources (often called "mother rotors"). The objective of the present study was to determine if stable rotors are consistently pres... |
9,693 | Favorable long-term outcome of Maze surgery in patients with lone atrial fibrillation. | Rhythm control is indicated for patients suffering from symptomatic atrial fibrillation (AF), but remains difficult to establish. We investigated the long-term outcome of Cox maze III surgery in patients with symptomatic lone AF refractory to antiarrhythmic drug therapy.</AbstractText>Patients with a history of symptom... |
9,694 | Early and late outcome after off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery with coronary endarterectomy: a single-center 10-year experience. | We aimed to review the early and late results of off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery (OPCABG) with coronary endarterectomy in patients undergoing surgical revascularization at our institution.</AbstractText>Between 1995 and 2004, of 680 OPCABG patients in a single surgeon's practice (W.R.D.), 70 patients (10.... |
9,695 | Inhibition of basic leucine zipper transcription is a major mediator of atrial dilatation. | Atrial fibrillation is the most prevalent clinically significant cardiac arrhythmia. Atrial dilatation, a predictor of atrial fibrillation, is thought to result from increased ventricular pressure. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for atrial dilatation are largely unknown. Here we sought to exam... |
9,696 | The relationship between stature and the prevalence of atrial fibrillation in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. | This study sought to determine the influence of stature on atrial fibrillation (AF) in high-risk patients with reduced left ventricular (LV) systolic function.</AbstractText>Left atrial (LA) enlargement is a potent risk factor for AF. Because LA size is strongly associated with stature, we hypothesized that height and ... |
9,697 | Atrial near-field and ventricular far-field analysis by automated signal processing at rest and during exercise. | Sophisticated monitoring of atrial activity is a prerequisite for modern pacemaker therapy. Ideally, near-fields and ventricular far-fields ought to be distinguished by beat-to-beat template analysis of the atrial signal. A prerequisite is that atrial signals are stable under different conditions.</AbstractText>A Matla... |
9,698 | Paradoxical effect of ajmaline in a patient with Brugada syndrome. | The typical Brugada ECG pattern consists of a prominent J-wave associated with ST-segment elevation localized in the right precordial leads V1-V3. In many patients, the ECG presents periods of transient normalization and the Brugada-phenotype can be unmasked by the administration of class-I antiarrhythmics. Reports hav... |
9,699 | Detection of refrigerator-associated 60 Hz alternating current as ventricular fibrillation by an implantable defibrillator. | This report describes a patient with an implantable defibrillator who suffered an inappropriate defibrillation shock upon retrieving some food items from his inadequately earthed refrigerator. Noise typical of electrical interference can be observed in the stored electrogram of the episode. The patient was instructed t... |
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