qid int64 1 74.7M | question stringlengths 12 33.8k | date stringlengths 10 10 | metadata list | response_j stringlengths 0 115k | response_k stringlengths 2 98.3k |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
66,796 | Is it better to use parchment paper when baking cream puffs so that the middle does not end up being wet and soggy? | 2016/02/24 | [
"https://cooking.stackexchange.com/questions/66796",
"https://cooking.stackexchange.com",
"https://cooking.stackexchange.com/users/43690/"
] | Yes to your title.
No to the question body.
I always use parchment when baking cream puffs. It is just to make the cream puffs not stick to the pan and cleanup easier.
It doesn't insulate enough to affect baking temperature and has no effect on the cream puffs being wet and soggy or not. | It's totally fine to bake on parchment, but it will not help the soggy issue.
-you may need to bake them longer, try a lower temp if the outside is over cooked but the inside is underdone.
-if they are good fresh out of the oven, but they become soggy later...remove from oven after baking. Poke a small hole and return to the oven off and with the door ajar. After they are cool, they should not get soggy. Fill and eat!!! :) |
257,987 | >
> The footer isn't designed to list every site... We should consider randomizing the list, perhaps, to give all sites a chance... but first, the question is "does anyone even use the footer?" - Anna Lear, [1 June 2014](https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/257614/graduation-site-closure-and-a-clearer-outlook-on-the-health-of-se-sites#comment840271_257648)
>
>
>
So what do people like about the footer? Do you use the links to the sites, or do you use the SE drop down? Would you like the sites to be randomised - maybe a new measure called Hot Network Sites.
Is the footer too big or too small? Would you miss it if it went down to just the essentials, with no sites, a little like this:
Is there anything that the footer *could* do - totally different to what it does maybe - that it doesn't do currently? Perhaps just one site, the current Featured Network Site (okay, bad graphics):
What else could it do? | 2015/06/05 | [
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/257987",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/users/252153/"
] | I never use the footer. Well, almost never -- I've used "contact us" once or twice, and one or two of the other links in that row. But the site list doesn't help me at all. Here's why:
The footer is a poor way to *browse sites*. As Anna indicated, it's incomplete. The text is small. On at least some sites the contrast is poor. Who's got time for that?
Now if I'm looking for a specific site there's already a better way to do it (the site selector), so no changes of content or styling in this footer would make a difference for me. But the site selector is a suboptimal way to *browse*; if you don't know the name of the site you want, you get to browse an alphabetical list of 140+ entries. Not ideal. We have the concept of *categories*; it'd be great to be able to easily use them to browse.
The category headers in the footer are just text. If, instead, clicking on a category got me to a full list of the sites in that category, *that'd* be handy. | If someone ends up at the bottom of the page, it's because they're either looking for footer info (usually contact, FAQ, etc), or because they finished the content of the page, but haven't already decided where to go next.
We already have related questions on this site in the sidebar, and hot network questions (unrelated questions on other sites that are active.
Let's consider putting a related questions on other sites below. Further, let's make is simple and short - four or five sites closely related to this site's topic, each site has the name of the site, the icon, then immediately below a question title or two from that site related to the content they just finished reading, and, if applicable, an image from the question or an answer to that question.
I like the idea of only showcasing answered, well rated questions, preferably with visual content, but it does look a little "advertisy". However, that's because it works - if someone is just wasting time on the sites, what better way to keep giving them interesting content?
Sorry for the lack of freehand circles, I'm running out of time:
 |
7,965,860 | I keep getting errors like this in my Product.wxs file.
The primary key 'ExitDialog/Finish/EndDialog/Return/1' is duplicated in table 'ControlEvent'
There is no such duplicate entry that I have made manually to the config file. How do I find out where this is getting duplicated? Just commenting the affected line shows a duplicate in the next entry.
The primary key 'WixUI\_Mode' is duplicated in table 'Property'.
I can't go on commenting all the lines. Is there some tool or some other way to find out which other entry could be causing this duplicate? Some other instruction in the product.wxs file that I have authored could have implicitly added that key to the property table. I need to find out the offending line and take it out. Looking at product.wxs file entries it is not evident which one that line could be. How do I find that out?
Thanks for your time... | 2011/11/01 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/7965860",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/20358/"
] | After spending over a week struggling with WiX. I have decided that Installsheild is the best way to go. If you have an experienced hand at WiX then by all means go ahead and use it. If not, then your best bet would be to use a paid tool. The amount of hours your billing while learning WiX makes WiX far more expensive than an installsheild license!
Just my two cents! | Most likely you included some fragments in your project that contain the same base controls as your default dialogs.
Please make sure that your project doesn't include other project files. |
7,965,860 | I keep getting errors like this in my Product.wxs file.
The primary key 'ExitDialog/Finish/EndDialog/Return/1' is duplicated in table 'ControlEvent'
There is no such duplicate entry that I have made manually to the config file. How do I find out where this is getting duplicated? Just commenting the affected line shows a duplicate in the next entry.
The primary key 'WixUI\_Mode' is duplicated in table 'Property'.
I can't go on commenting all the lines. Is there some tool or some other way to find out which other entry could be causing this duplicate? Some other instruction in the product.wxs file that I have authored could have implicitly added that key to the property table. I need to find out the offending line and take it out. Looking at product.wxs file entries it is not evident which one that line could be. How do I find that out?
Thanks for your time... | 2011/11/01 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/7965860",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/20358/"
] | Most likely you included some fragments in your project that contain the same base controls as your default dialogs.
Please make sure that your project doesn't include other project files. | Can be caused if you have the same 'Id' for multiple items |
7,965,860 | I keep getting errors like this in my Product.wxs file.
The primary key 'ExitDialog/Finish/EndDialog/Return/1' is duplicated in table 'ControlEvent'
There is no such duplicate entry that I have made manually to the config file. How do I find out where this is getting duplicated? Just commenting the affected line shows a duplicate in the next entry.
The primary key 'WixUI\_Mode' is duplicated in table 'Property'.
I can't go on commenting all the lines. Is there some tool or some other way to find out which other entry could be causing this duplicate? Some other instruction in the product.wxs file that I have authored could have implicitly added that key to the property table. I need to find out the offending line and take it out. Looking at product.wxs file entries it is not evident which one that line could be. How do I find that out?
Thanks for your time... | 2011/11/01 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/7965860",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/20358/"
] | After spending over a week struggling with WiX. I have decided that Installsheild is the best way to go. If you have an experienced hand at WiX then by all means go ahead and use it. If not, then your best bet would be to use a paid tool. The amount of hours your billing while learning WiX makes WiX far more expensive than an installsheild license!
Just my two cents! | Can be caused if you have the same 'Id' for multiple items |
9,006,615 | On my search for a Unit-Testing tool for C# i have found xUnit.NET. Untill now, i read most of the articles on [http://xunit.codeplex.com/](http://xunit.codeplex.com//) and even tried out the examples given at [How do I use xUnit.net?](http://xunit.codeplex.com/wikipage?title=HowToUse&referringTitle=Home).
But sadly, on the offical page i could just find the basic informations to xUnit.NET. Is there any further information avadible for it? | 2012/01/25 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/9006615",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/1147455/"
] | Besides the [xUnit-1.9.1.chm-File](http://xunit.codeplex.com/downloads/get/423829) mentioned by Sean U and the [Examples on the official xUnit.NET website](http://xunit.github.io/docs/getting-started-desktop) I found two other resources to help me understand the basics of the work with xUnit.NET:
* [An Introduction to xUnit.net for ASP.NET MVC Developers](http://stephenwalther.com/blog/archive/2008/06/30/an-introduction-to-the-xunit-net-testing-framework-for-asp-net-mvc-developers.aspx) by Stephen Walter
* [Learning to Use xUnit.Net](https://nearsoft.com/?s=xunit) (3 Chapter Tutorial) by Maria Marcano
Sadly, as pointed out also by Sean U, it seems as there are no books at all about the xUnit.NET-Framework yet. So, for further information it looks like one has go with studying the \*.chm-File and reading general books about unit testing. Or switch to another testing-framework, that's what I think I'll do...
**Update**
Ognyan Dimitrov added some additional resources in his comments:
* [XUnitPatterns.com](http://xunitpatterns.com/index.html) by Gerard Meszaros (Website)
* [xUnit Test Patterns: Refactoring Test Code](https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/0131495054) by Gerard Meszaros (Book) | If you decide to abandon xUnit and use NUnit instead, a good book to read is ["The Art of Unit Testing (with examples in .NET)"](https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/1933988274).
Nice clear explanations of both basic and advanced unit testing concepts, using the NUnit framework. |
20,389 | This image claims that you can get protein from non-meat sources, citing Broccoli as an example.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Oumbh.jpg)
>
> Do you really need meat to get Protein?
>
>
> **Beef** 6.4 grams of protein per 100 calories.
> **Broccoli** 11.1 grams of protein pe 100 calories
>
>
> Plants have all the protein you need with none of the violence.
>
>
> Source: Albury Times-Union
>
>
> VeganStreet.com
>
>
>
My initial reaction is "NO WAY! That's not the same amino acids or structure or something..." but then I realized I have no actual evidence to back this up.
I think the statement is technically correct, however, I can't shake the feeling that I'm not seeing the whole picture. | 2014/04/25 | [
"https://skeptics.stackexchange.com/questions/20389",
"https://skeptics.stackexchange.com",
"https://skeptics.stackexchange.com/users/18965/"
] | Adele Hite wrote about this claim on her blog "[Eathropology](http://eathropology.com/2013/04/08/broccoli-has-more-protein-than-steak-and-other-crap/)":
>
> Let’s see how similar caloric intakes of steak and broccoli stack up when comparing how these two foods provide for *essential amino acid* requirements. A 275-calorie portion of steak (**4 ounces**) has 30.5 grams of protein and comes very close to meeting all the daily essential amino acid requirements for a 70 kg adult. A 277-calorie portion of broccoli is not only *way more food*—you’ll be chewing for a long time as you try to make it through **9 ¼ cups** of broccoli—exactly NONE of the daily essential amino acid requirements for an adult are met:
> 
> In reality, it takes twice that much broccoli, or **over 18 cups**, containing *nearly twice as many calories*, in order to get anywhere near meeting all essential amino acid requirements. While I’m willing to concede that individual amino acid requirements may vary considerably, I am not willing to concede that similar caloric amounts of steak and broccoli provide a similar supply of those requirements.
>
>
> | **You do not need meat (or even milk or eggs) to get all the protein (with all amino acids required) you need.**
[The Vegetarian Resource Group - Vrg.org](http://www.vrg.org/nutrition/protein.php):
>
> It is easy for a vegan diet to meet recommendations for protein, as
> long as calorie intake is adequate. Strict protein combining is not
> necessary; it is more important to eat a varied diet throughout the
> day.
>
>
>
[Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics - Eatright.com](https://www.eatright.org/food/nutrition/vegetarian-and-special-diets/building-a-healthy-vegetarian-meal-myths-and-facts):
>
> Myth #1: Vegetarians and Vegans Have a Hard Time Getting Enough Protein
>
>
> Adequate protein needs easily are attained through a well-planned
> diet.
>
>
>
---
**Broccoli** is not really an appropriate food to be advertised as high in protein; one serving (1/2 cup, cooked, 78 g) contains only **2 g** of protein. ([NutritionData](http://nutritiondata.self.com/facts/vegetables-and-vegetable-products/2357/2)).
The meat/broccoli comparison in the image in the question is misleading because it's "per 100 Calories." You need only about [50 g meat](http://nutritiondata.self.com/facts/beef-products/7387/2) but about [300 g of broccoli](http://nutritiondata.self.com/facts/vegetables-and-vegetable-products/2357/2) to get 100 calories, and they both contain about 6.5 g protein (not 11.1 g for broccoli, as the image states). |
20,389 | This image claims that you can get protein from non-meat sources, citing Broccoli as an example.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Oumbh.jpg)
>
> Do you really need meat to get Protein?
>
>
> **Beef** 6.4 grams of protein per 100 calories.
> **Broccoli** 11.1 grams of protein pe 100 calories
>
>
> Plants have all the protein you need with none of the violence.
>
>
> Source: Albury Times-Union
>
>
> VeganStreet.com
>
>
>
My initial reaction is "NO WAY! That's not the same amino acids or structure or something..." but then I realized I have no actual evidence to back this up.
I think the statement is technically correct, however, I can't shake the feeling that I'm not seeing the whole picture. | 2014/04/25 | [
"https://skeptics.stackexchange.com/questions/20389",
"https://skeptics.stackexchange.com",
"https://skeptics.stackexchange.com/users/18965/"
] | Adele Hite wrote about this claim on her blog "[Eathropology](http://eathropology.com/2013/04/08/broccoli-has-more-protein-than-steak-and-other-crap/)":
>
> Let’s see how similar caloric intakes of steak and broccoli stack up when comparing how these two foods provide for *essential amino acid* requirements. A 275-calorie portion of steak (**4 ounces**) has 30.5 grams of protein and comes very close to meeting all the daily essential amino acid requirements for a 70 kg adult. A 277-calorie portion of broccoli is not only *way more food*—you’ll be chewing for a long time as you try to make it through **9 ¼ cups** of broccoli—exactly NONE of the daily essential amino acid requirements for an adult are met:
> 
> In reality, it takes twice that much broccoli, or **over 18 cups**, containing *nearly twice as many calories*, in order to get anywhere near meeting all essential amino acid requirements. While I’m willing to concede that individual amino acid requirements may vary considerably, I am not willing to concede that similar caloric amounts of steak and broccoli provide a similar supply of those requirements.
>
>
> | Since most of the answers base their claims on numbers and are a bit shaky here's something from human physiology and bio-availability perspective.
First lets start with mass, a very nice figure comparing protein intakes of different diets (strict veg = vegan):
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/SH9wj.png)
*Nutrient Profiles of Vegetarian and Nonvegetarian Dietary Patterns*
[[pdf](https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Karen_Jaceldo-Siegl/publication/256289621_Nutrient_Profiles_of_Vegetarian_and_Nonvegetarian_Dietary_Patterns/links/5613fbe408aed47facedfab9.pdf)]
Of course, this just implies that protein is consumed in right mass amounts, but is it sufficient for life?
Another figure outlining the myths that have accumulated in public health discussions:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/KEZ24.png)
*Plant proteins in relation to human protein and amino acid nutrition* [[abstract](http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/59/5/1203S.short)] [[pdf](http://ajcn.nutrition.org.sci-hub.cc/content/59/5/1203S.short)]
The paper above analyzes protein intake of many nations (figure is taken from it).
Here's a statement from AHA outlining the unecessary worry over protein:
>
> Whole grains, legumes, vegetables, seeds and nuts all contain both essential and non-essential amino acids. You don't need to consciously combine these foods ("complementary proteins") within a given meal.
> Soy protein has been shown to be equal to proteins of animal origin. It can be your sole protein source if you choose. -- *American Heart Association* [[statement](http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/HealthyLiving/HealthyEating/Vegetarian-Diets_UCM_306032_Article.jsp)]
>
>
>
AHA wasn't always so precise and this is a nice example of how "wrong" they were:
>
> The American Heart Association (AHA) Science Advisory,
> “Dietary Protein and Weight Reduction: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the Nutrition Committee of the Council
> on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism of the American
> Heart Association,” contains often quoted, but incorrect, information about the adequacy of amino acids found in plant foods.
> This report states, “Although plant proteins form a large part of
> the human diet, most are deficient in 1 or more essential amino
> acids and are therefore regarded as incomplete proteins.” -- *Plant Foods Have a Complete Amino Acid Composition* [[pdf](http://circ.ahajournals.org.sci-hub.cc/content/105/25/e197.full.)]
>
>
>
Our body contains free amino acid pools from which it can reuse and recombine non-essential and essential amino acids, intracellular pools of lysine in muscle tissue allow for muscle growth even if daily sources do not contain significant amounts of lysine (lysine and leucine are very often low in plant proteins).
[[google books](https://books.google.com/books?id=EgMwXpQRGQ8C&lpg=PA299&ots=T1OnnX2PE6&dq=Free%20Amino%20Acid%20Pools%20and%20Their%20Role%20in%20Regulation&lr&hl=hr&pg=PA299#v=onepage&q=Free%20Amino%20Acid%20Pools%20and%20Their%20Role%20in%20Regulation&f=false)]
To worry about protein in situation where there is no starvation is unnecessary.
>
> Every day in the adult human, approximately as much protein as that ingested with food enters the digestive lumen directly from the body. These proteins are called the gut endogenous proteins. They are subjected to digestion in the digestive tract, with about 80% of the material being digested and reabsorbed. The endogenous component constitutes a consistent supply of protein to the gut lumen. Sources of endogenous materials entering the digestive lumen are saliva, gastric secretions, bile, pancreatic secretions, mucins, sloughed epithelial cells and plasma proteins (e.g. serum albumin, immunoglobulins). In addition, a significant microbial population inhabits parts of the human digestive tract, and as such bacterial cells die and are lysed, they also offer a supply of proteins to the gut lumen. -- *Food-derived bioactive peptides – a new paradigm* [[pdf](https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/nutrition-research-reviews/article/food-derived-bioactive-peptides-a-new-paradigm/2224B12CBBAEF7E7D388A27174BD9A9C)]
>
>
>
The amounts of that protein are more than sufficient for proper body functioning.
>
> Estimates of the amounts of the various materials entering
> the human gut are highly variable, but it would appear that
> some 90 grams of endogenous protein per day flows through
> the digestive tract from the mouth to the terminal ileum in
> the adult human. -- *Gut luminal endogenous protein* [[pdf](https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/1E26EFDC680BB22A06E59C305DE144C2/S0007114512002474a.pdf/gut-luminal-endogenous-protein-implications-for-the-determination-of-ileal-amino-acid-digestibility-in-humans.pdf)]
>
>
>
The body can easily from that material do whatever it wants, it won't require consumption of [complete protein](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complete_protein) every single day for every single meal, there's no need for [faddy protein combining](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_combining#Popularization), or complementary protein consumption.
The conclusion is that, yes, one can get sufficient protein on a vegan diet, if one eats enough food in calories then the protein needs are most likely met. |
20,389 | This image claims that you can get protein from non-meat sources, citing Broccoli as an example.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Oumbh.jpg)
>
> Do you really need meat to get Protein?
>
>
> **Beef** 6.4 grams of protein per 100 calories.
> **Broccoli** 11.1 grams of protein pe 100 calories
>
>
> Plants have all the protein you need with none of the violence.
>
>
> Source: Albury Times-Union
>
>
> VeganStreet.com
>
>
>
My initial reaction is "NO WAY! That's not the same amino acids or structure or something..." but then I realized I have no actual evidence to back this up.
I think the statement is technically correct, however, I can't shake the feeling that I'm not seeing the whole picture. | 2014/04/25 | [
"https://skeptics.stackexchange.com/questions/20389",
"https://skeptics.stackexchange.com",
"https://skeptics.stackexchange.com/users/18965/"
] | Adele Hite wrote about this claim on her blog "[Eathropology](http://eathropology.com/2013/04/08/broccoli-has-more-protein-than-steak-and-other-crap/)":
>
> Let’s see how similar caloric intakes of steak and broccoli stack up when comparing how these two foods provide for *essential amino acid* requirements. A 275-calorie portion of steak (**4 ounces**) has 30.5 grams of protein and comes very close to meeting all the daily essential amino acid requirements for a 70 kg adult. A 277-calorie portion of broccoli is not only *way more food*—you’ll be chewing for a long time as you try to make it through **9 ¼ cups** of broccoli—exactly NONE of the daily essential amino acid requirements for an adult are met:
> 
> In reality, it takes twice that much broccoli, or **over 18 cups**, containing *nearly twice as many calories*, in order to get anywhere near meeting all essential amino acid requirements. While I’m willing to concede that individual amino acid requirements may vary considerably, I am not willing to concede that similar caloric amounts of steak and broccoli provide a similar supply of those requirements.
>
>
> | As pointed out in the answers by Looft and Jan, we don't need to eat animal products to get all the amino acids we need. Here we must also consider the fact that the recommendations by the IoM regarding the diet are not scientifically rigorous to such a degree that you can take their RDA as a scientifically established fact. Doing so would necessarily require putting people on potentially deficient diets for a long period of time and studying the health outcomes. Such experiments would be unethical, this is why a cautious approach is chosen where we give the traditional Western diet the benefit of the doubt and demand a lot of evidence for alternative ideas
This selective benefit of the doubt for the traditional Western diet makes the official RDA safe to use (relative to current eating habits), but it is not reliable when used in this question because it will biased against diets that will be lacking in some amino acids when there is no hard evidence that the RDA for such amino acids needs to be met for optimal health.
A plant based diet may be superior to a Western diet containing animal products, many studies on plant based societies report on an almost total absence of heart disease. E.g. [here it is pointed out that:](http://nutritionfacts.org/2014/11/11/we-can-end-the-heart-disease-epidemic/)
>
> Maybe the Africans were just dying early of other diseases and so never lived long enough to get heart disease? No. In the video One in a Thousand: Ending the Heart Disease Epidemic, you can see the age-matched heart attack rates in Uganda versus St. Louis. Out of 632 autopsies in Uganda, only one myocardial infarction. Out of 632 Missourians—with the same age and gender distribution—there were 136 myocardial infarctions. More than 100 times the rate of our number one killer. In fact, researchers were so blown away that they decided to do another 800 autopsies in Uganda. Still, just that one small healed infarct (meaning it wasn’t even the cause of death) out of 1,427 patients. Less than one in a thousand, whereas in the U.S., it’s an epidemic.
>
>
>
Similar studies have done in other such plant based populations with similar results. But here we have to note that people who live in such societies typically won't keep track of their amino acid intake, so they may actually get protein deficiencies from time to time. Nevertheless, they don't get heart disease. Autopsies on old people will not show any signs of atherosclerosis, while atherosclerosis already starts to affect our arteries at the age of ten.
But absence of certain diseases doesn't prove that such a diet is healthier overall. A good test for the vegan diet would be studies were the protein demand is increased by letting people do heavy strength exercises and then studying the impact of a vegan diet relative to other diets. It's all good and well to point out that you can get enough of all the essential amino acids in theory, what matters is if you can demonstrate that you are able to stick to a diet that gives you all the required amino-acids on the long term. Such studies have not been performed. But what we can do is look at whether there are vegan bodybuilders and how competitive they are. The absence of vegans in that professions or if they all perform poorly would be a red flag for the vegan diet.
It turns out that there are a number of vegan body builders, some like [Frank Medrano](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mvJHw64fxgQ) supplement with protein powders while [Patrik Baboumian](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rN83vRGQ4pE) manages to do with only vegetables, as [he explains here](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fyBqDbrNqxc). The most famous vegan bodybuilder is [Jack Lalanne](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_LaLanne), but later in life he did start to eat egg whites and fish. So, we can say that there are no good reasons to believe that a vegan diet would lead to protein deficiencies in practice.
My personal opinion for which I cannot find independent sources, is that doing a lot of exercise is important for getting enough nutrients from a vegan diet. A lot of the foods you eat in this diet have a low density in nutrients (not just protein, also minerals like calcium), so you must eat large volumes. E.g. I regularly eat 1 kg of potatoes and 500 grams of broccoli for dinner, which isn't all that difficult if you run for an hour a day at a fast pace. This meal alone contains almost all the amino acids I need. |
117,335 | Disclaimer: I am asking this question for a friend, since he does not want to make an account here for one reason or another.
---
My friend works as an IT expert in quite a large company, in Germany. He is responsible for many of the systems there: coding, databases, sharepoint and many others. Suffice to say, he is a busy guy. He is NOT a manager.
He reports to a manager that basically handles the prioritisation of his work, manages the projects and so on - management work. He [friend] also reports his progress on various tasks to this manager. One other important thing, is that his company implements the "8 hours of your butt in our chair" policy, irrelevant of actual workload.
Recently, a day unlike any other had occurred: there was no work. Everything was working perfect, there were no user reported problems, there were no tasks left to finish etc. His next "big" project would start Monday (it was Friday), so he showed up at 8 AM and basically had nothing to do. He asked the manager, checked the ticketing system and checked his mailbox - nothing was to be done. So, after remembering that a project in about 2 months would require him to work with technology he's unfamiliar with, he decided to read up and test this new tech in preparation for his project.
After that day, he reported to the manager that since there was nothing for him to do that day, he focused on preparing for Project X using Tech Y, and sent a short report on what he found out during his testing.
Come Monday, and he received a formal written warning (an [*Abmahnung*](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abmahnung_(deutsches_Arbeitsrecht))) for what was basically formally worded "slacking off the whole day, doing things unrelated to his current workload".
The question is: **was the management in the right to issue such a warning and how can he best defend himself about it**? | 2018/08/10 | [
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/117335",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/users/73150/"
] | Talk to a lawyer, now. This is specific to Germany.
* You have limited time to oppose this formal notification
* According to German law this may have serious implications
* According to German law it must be substantiated.
The last one is significant.
Slacking off is not worthy a written notification unless it happens severely and/or over longer durations. Also the manager must have talked to you about it (verbal warning). It will be a hell of a case if he did not and if you prepared for a longer project starting next working day (Friday to Monday) then they need a really brutal argument to make - the judge, if it ever gets there, will NOT be amused. This is as abusive as it gets in German law. Remember, Germany is a country where you are not allowed to measure worker productivity on an individual level unless special circumstances apply.
It is NOT worth talking to the manager here - he is likely in violation of labor laws, and he will not take the position that he did something seriously wrong. Your lawyer can and will advise you, and it does not cost too much to consult with the lawyer. Anyhow, it should be covered by the legal insurance you should have. Talking to HR is only likely to result in delays, which may be negative - I'm not sure how much time you have, but it could be you only have 14 calendar days to oppose this documentation. | There are several very good answers here already.
I would add one point: the manager's behavior suggests he's after your friend. So I would be super careful with my behavior if I were him.
He should keep as many things as he can in writing. If he doesn't have anything to do, let him write an email to his manager asking for tasks. He shouldn't do it only verbally. Emails make things easier to prove. And obviously, print the emails out after sending them for documentation purposes.
And yes, he should start looking for a new job. Unless he's got a really super thick skin, working in such conditions can be very stressful and simply isn't worth it. |
117,335 | Disclaimer: I am asking this question for a friend, since he does not want to make an account here for one reason or another.
---
My friend works as an IT expert in quite a large company, in Germany. He is responsible for many of the systems there: coding, databases, sharepoint and many others. Suffice to say, he is a busy guy. He is NOT a manager.
He reports to a manager that basically handles the prioritisation of his work, manages the projects and so on - management work. He [friend] also reports his progress on various tasks to this manager. One other important thing, is that his company implements the "8 hours of your butt in our chair" policy, irrelevant of actual workload.
Recently, a day unlike any other had occurred: there was no work. Everything was working perfect, there were no user reported problems, there were no tasks left to finish etc. His next "big" project would start Monday (it was Friday), so he showed up at 8 AM and basically had nothing to do. He asked the manager, checked the ticketing system and checked his mailbox - nothing was to be done. So, after remembering that a project in about 2 months would require him to work with technology he's unfamiliar with, he decided to read up and test this new tech in preparation for his project.
After that day, he reported to the manager that since there was nothing for him to do that day, he focused on preparing for Project X using Tech Y, and sent a short report on what he found out during his testing.
Come Monday, and he received a formal written warning (an [*Abmahnung*](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abmahnung_(deutsches_Arbeitsrecht))) for what was basically formally worded "slacking off the whole day, doing things unrelated to his current workload".
The question is: **was the management in the right to issue such a warning and how can he best defend himself about it**? | 2018/08/10 | [
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/117335",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/users/73150/"
] | As this happened in Germany, I assume "written warning" means "Abmahnung".
This is serious, as this means the in future he might be legally fired for even rather minor stuff that would not justify a termination if it were a single event.
Therefore he really should consult with a lawyer, specialised in working laws ("Arbeitsrecht"), to evaluate how the company can be forced to withdraw it.
I am not a specialist, but in German working laws for filing a protest are rather short in time so he should do it now. | Ok, the first thing: Is it a *Abmahnung* or simply a complaint?
An *Abmahnung* is serious because it is one necessary step for the employer to fire someone. Trying to terminate a working relationship without serious offenses (theft, assault) *and without Abmahnung* is legally void. It is a *Abmahnung* if
* The complained behavior is described in detail with **date and time**. It is **NOT** sufficient to claim "He comes late" or the "she works too slow". An example is "Worker X got a message at Thursday, August 9th 2018 16:14 that a server must be repaired and without any notice X disappeared before 17:10 before the end of the working time at 18:00".
* The complained behavior must explicity say that this behavior was an offense and that continuing this behavior is not acceptable.
* The employer must give the threat of firing the employee.
If those conditions are not met, it is not a *Abmahnung*, it does not matter the least if "Abmahnung" stands on the letter.
What is also interesting: Once a person behaves well for a longer period (months, years) and do the same behavior again, (s)he still cannot be fired because it is not proportionate to the offense.
Your friend does not need a lawyer, if he is fired later and your friend sues the employer, **it is the employers task to prove that a Abmahnung was valid.**
So what to do in the first case:
* **Never sign something if you cannot read it because it is in German and absolutely do not sign if the letter states that you acknowledged the wrong behavior.**
* Get as much evidence of the incident as possible. Time, date, what your friend was doing, witnesses, everything.
* If the firm is big enough, it has a *Betriebsrat*, colleagues which are responsible to work together with the boss and have rights concerning changes in personnel (firing and hiring). Go with the collected evidence to the *Betriebsrat* and lodge a formal complaint. If the firm is too small to have a *Betriebsrat*, ask for a talk with the next level of management and the manager and tell your side of the story.
* Every employee has a dossier about them, in German *Personalakte*. Once you leave the company, you can sue your employer to remove the wrong *Abmahnung* or force the employer to insert your counterstatement into the dossier.
**You do not need a lawyer until you are fired.** Once you are fired and you plan to sue your employer, absolutely nothing is lost. German law is quite friendly to employees, your lawyer can do nothing before a termination which (s)he cannot afterwards. Spare your money until it is necessary. |
117,335 | Disclaimer: I am asking this question for a friend, since he does not want to make an account here for one reason or another.
---
My friend works as an IT expert in quite a large company, in Germany. He is responsible for many of the systems there: coding, databases, sharepoint and many others. Suffice to say, he is a busy guy. He is NOT a manager.
He reports to a manager that basically handles the prioritisation of his work, manages the projects and so on - management work. He [friend] also reports his progress on various tasks to this manager. One other important thing, is that his company implements the "8 hours of your butt in our chair" policy, irrelevant of actual workload.
Recently, a day unlike any other had occurred: there was no work. Everything was working perfect, there were no user reported problems, there were no tasks left to finish etc. His next "big" project would start Monday (it was Friday), so he showed up at 8 AM and basically had nothing to do. He asked the manager, checked the ticketing system and checked his mailbox - nothing was to be done. So, after remembering that a project in about 2 months would require him to work with technology he's unfamiliar with, he decided to read up and test this new tech in preparation for his project.
After that day, he reported to the manager that since there was nothing for him to do that day, he focused on preparing for Project X using Tech Y, and sent a short report on what he found out during his testing.
Come Monday, and he received a formal written warning (an [*Abmahnung*](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abmahnung_(deutsches_Arbeitsrecht))) for what was basically formally worded "slacking off the whole day, doing things unrelated to his current workload".
The question is: **was the management in the right to issue such a warning and how can he best defend himself about it**? | 2018/08/10 | [
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/117335",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/users/73150/"
] | Ok, the first thing: Is it a *Abmahnung* or simply a complaint?
An *Abmahnung* is serious because it is one necessary step for the employer to fire someone. Trying to terminate a working relationship without serious offenses (theft, assault) *and without Abmahnung* is legally void. It is a *Abmahnung* if
* The complained behavior is described in detail with **date and time**. It is **NOT** sufficient to claim "He comes late" or the "she works too slow". An example is "Worker X got a message at Thursday, August 9th 2018 16:14 that a server must be repaired and without any notice X disappeared before 17:10 before the end of the working time at 18:00".
* The complained behavior must explicity say that this behavior was an offense and that continuing this behavior is not acceptable.
* The employer must give the threat of firing the employee.
If those conditions are not met, it is not a *Abmahnung*, it does not matter the least if "Abmahnung" stands on the letter.
What is also interesting: Once a person behaves well for a longer period (months, years) and do the same behavior again, (s)he still cannot be fired because it is not proportionate to the offense.
Your friend does not need a lawyer, if he is fired later and your friend sues the employer, **it is the employers task to prove that a Abmahnung was valid.**
So what to do in the first case:
* **Never sign something if you cannot read it because it is in German and absolutely do not sign if the letter states that you acknowledged the wrong behavior.**
* Get as much evidence of the incident as possible. Time, date, what your friend was doing, witnesses, everything.
* If the firm is big enough, it has a *Betriebsrat*, colleagues which are responsible to work together with the boss and have rights concerning changes in personnel (firing and hiring). Go with the collected evidence to the *Betriebsrat* and lodge a formal complaint. If the firm is too small to have a *Betriebsrat*, ask for a talk with the next level of management and the manager and tell your side of the story.
* Every employee has a dossier about them, in German *Personalakte*. Once you leave the company, you can sue your employer to remove the wrong *Abmahnung* or force the employer to insert your counterstatement into the dossier.
**You do not need a lawyer until you are fired.** Once you are fired and you plan to sue your employer, absolutely nothing is lost. German law is quite friendly to employees, your lawyer can do nothing before a termination which (s)he cannot afterwards. Spare your money until it is necessary. | I suspect there is more to the story here, however one thing is very clear. **Your friend's manager was unhappy with how he spent his time on Friday.** While it seems your friend felt there weren't any priority tasks that needed attention, his boss clearly didn't agree.
This doesn't mean the boss is right or wrong, but your friend and his manager need to be **on the same page.** That the boss would write him up is an indication of one of two things: either the boss is a complete jerk, or this isn't the first time this has been an issue. In either case I believe the path forward is the same.
Your friend and his boss need to be on the same page.
-----------------------------------------------------
He should be checking in with his boss **as often as necessary** to insure that everyone is in agreement about priorities and goals for the team. The level of trust between parties will play a part in deciding how often or detailed these check-ins need to be.
Your friend could:
* call his boss in the AM each day to talk about what he is working on
and to validate his understanding of the workload and priorities for
the day.
* send an email at the end of the day detailing what was accomplished
today and what he hopes to accomplish tomorrow
* stop in to the bosses office first thing to talk about the upcoming
day
Your friend may or may not be comfortable with this level of involvement from his supervisor. **If he is feeling micromanaged, it might be time to start looking for a new opportunity elsewhere.**
(If this were me, boss and I would have likely had a heated disagreement face to face. Either we would have hashed it out and things would be good, or I'd be polishing up my resume and looking for a new opportunity.) |
117,335 | Disclaimer: I am asking this question for a friend, since he does not want to make an account here for one reason or another.
---
My friend works as an IT expert in quite a large company, in Germany. He is responsible for many of the systems there: coding, databases, sharepoint and many others. Suffice to say, he is a busy guy. He is NOT a manager.
He reports to a manager that basically handles the prioritisation of his work, manages the projects and so on - management work. He [friend] also reports his progress on various tasks to this manager. One other important thing, is that his company implements the "8 hours of your butt in our chair" policy, irrelevant of actual workload.
Recently, a day unlike any other had occurred: there was no work. Everything was working perfect, there were no user reported problems, there were no tasks left to finish etc. His next "big" project would start Monday (it was Friday), so he showed up at 8 AM and basically had nothing to do. He asked the manager, checked the ticketing system and checked his mailbox - nothing was to be done. So, after remembering that a project in about 2 months would require him to work with technology he's unfamiliar with, he decided to read up and test this new tech in preparation for his project.
After that day, he reported to the manager that since there was nothing for him to do that day, he focused on preparing for Project X using Tech Y, and sent a short report on what he found out during his testing.
Come Monday, and he received a formal written warning (an [*Abmahnung*](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abmahnung_(deutsches_Arbeitsrecht))) for what was basically formally worded "slacking off the whole day, doing things unrelated to his current workload".
The question is: **was the management in the right to issue such a warning and how can he best defend himself about it**? | 2018/08/10 | [
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/117335",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/users/73150/"
] | I suspect there is more to the story here, however one thing is very clear. **Your friend's manager was unhappy with how he spent his time on Friday.** While it seems your friend felt there weren't any priority tasks that needed attention, his boss clearly didn't agree.
This doesn't mean the boss is right or wrong, but your friend and his manager need to be **on the same page.** That the boss would write him up is an indication of one of two things: either the boss is a complete jerk, or this isn't the first time this has been an issue. In either case I believe the path forward is the same.
Your friend and his boss need to be on the same page.
-----------------------------------------------------
He should be checking in with his boss **as often as necessary** to insure that everyone is in agreement about priorities and goals for the team. The level of trust between parties will play a part in deciding how often or detailed these check-ins need to be.
Your friend could:
* call his boss in the AM each day to talk about what he is working on
and to validate his understanding of the workload and priorities for
the day.
* send an email at the end of the day detailing what was accomplished
today and what he hopes to accomplish tomorrow
* stop in to the bosses office first thing to talk about the upcoming
day
Your friend may or may not be comfortable with this level of involvement from his supervisor. **If he is feeling micromanaged, it might be time to start looking for a new opportunity elsewhere.**
(If this were me, boss and I would have likely had a heated disagreement face to face. Either we would have hashed it out and things would be good, or I'd be polishing up my resume and looking for a new opportunity.) | There are several very good answers here already.
I would add one point: the manager's behavior suggests he's after your friend. So I would be super careful with my behavior if I were him.
He should keep as many things as he can in writing. If he doesn't have anything to do, let him write an email to his manager asking for tasks. He shouldn't do it only verbally. Emails make things easier to prove. And obviously, print the emails out after sending them for documentation purposes.
And yes, he should start looking for a new job. Unless he's got a really super thick skin, working in such conditions can be very stressful and simply isn't worth it. |
117,335 | Disclaimer: I am asking this question for a friend, since he does not want to make an account here for one reason or another.
---
My friend works as an IT expert in quite a large company, in Germany. He is responsible for many of the systems there: coding, databases, sharepoint and many others. Suffice to say, he is a busy guy. He is NOT a manager.
He reports to a manager that basically handles the prioritisation of his work, manages the projects and so on - management work. He [friend] also reports his progress on various tasks to this manager. One other important thing, is that his company implements the "8 hours of your butt in our chair" policy, irrelevant of actual workload.
Recently, a day unlike any other had occurred: there was no work. Everything was working perfect, there were no user reported problems, there were no tasks left to finish etc. His next "big" project would start Monday (it was Friday), so he showed up at 8 AM and basically had nothing to do. He asked the manager, checked the ticketing system and checked his mailbox - nothing was to be done. So, after remembering that a project in about 2 months would require him to work with technology he's unfamiliar with, he decided to read up and test this new tech in preparation for his project.
After that day, he reported to the manager that since there was nothing for him to do that day, he focused on preparing for Project X using Tech Y, and sent a short report on what he found out during his testing.
Come Monday, and he received a formal written warning (an [*Abmahnung*](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abmahnung_(deutsches_Arbeitsrecht))) for what was basically formally worded "slacking off the whole day, doing things unrelated to his current workload".
The question is: **was the management in the right to issue such a warning and how can he best defend himself about it**? | 2018/08/10 | [
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/117335",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/users/73150/"
] | Talk to a lawyer, now. This is specific to Germany.
* You have limited time to oppose this formal notification
* According to German law this may have serious implications
* According to German law it must be substantiated.
The last one is significant.
Slacking off is not worthy a written notification unless it happens severely and/or over longer durations. Also the manager must have talked to you about it (verbal warning). It will be a hell of a case if he did not and if you prepared for a longer project starting next working day (Friday to Monday) then they need a really brutal argument to make - the judge, if it ever gets there, will NOT be amused. This is as abusive as it gets in German law. Remember, Germany is a country where you are not allowed to measure worker productivity on an individual level unless special circumstances apply.
It is NOT worth talking to the manager here - he is likely in violation of labor laws, and he will not take the position that he did something seriously wrong. Your lawyer can and will advise you, and it does not cost too much to consult with the lawyer. Anyhow, it should be covered by the legal insurance you should have. Talking to HR is only likely to result in delays, which may be negative - I'm not sure how much time you have, but it could be you only have 14 calendar days to oppose this documentation. | Ok, the first thing: Is it a *Abmahnung* or simply a complaint?
An *Abmahnung* is serious because it is one necessary step for the employer to fire someone. Trying to terminate a working relationship without serious offenses (theft, assault) *and without Abmahnung* is legally void. It is a *Abmahnung* if
* The complained behavior is described in detail with **date and time**. It is **NOT** sufficient to claim "He comes late" or the "she works too slow". An example is "Worker X got a message at Thursday, August 9th 2018 16:14 that a server must be repaired and without any notice X disappeared before 17:10 before the end of the working time at 18:00".
* The complained behavior must explicity say that this behavior was an offense and that continuing this behavior is not acceptable.
* The employer must give the threat of firing the employee.
If those conditions are not met, it is not a *Abmahnung*, it does not matter the least if "Abmahnung" stands on the letter.
What is also interesting: Once a person behaves well for a longer period (months, years) and do the same behavior again, (s)he still cannot be fired because it is not proportionate to the offense.
Your friend does not need a lawyer, if he is fired later and your friend sues the employer, **it is the employers task to prove that a Abmahnung was valid.**
So what to do in the first case:
* **Never sign something if you cannot read it because it is in German and absolutely do not sign if the letter states that you acknowledged the wrong behavior.**
* Get as much evidence of the incident as possible. Time, date, what your friend was doing, witnesses, everything.
* If the firm is big enough, it has a *Betriebsrat*, colleagues which are responsible to work together with the boss and have rights concerning changes in personnel (firing and hiring). Go with the collected evidence to the *Betriebsrat* and lodge a formal complaint. If the firm is too small to have a *Betriebsrat*, ask for a talk with the next level of management and the manager and tell your side of the story.
* Every employee has a dossier about them, in German *Personalakte*. Once you leave the company, you can sue your employer to remove the wrong *Abmahnung* or force the employer to insert your counterstatement into the dossier.
**You do not need a lawyer until you are fired.** Once you are fired and you plan to sue your employer, absolutely nothing is lost. German law is quite friendly to employees, your lawyer can do nothing before a termination which (s)he cannot afterwards. Spare your money until it is necessary. |
117,335 | Disclaimer: I am asking this question for a friend, since he does not want to make an account here for one reason or another.
---
My friend works as an IT expert in quite a large company, in Germany. He is responsible for many of the systems there: coding, databases, sharepoint and many others. Suffice to say, he is a busy guy. He is NOT a manager.
He reports to a manager that basically handles the prioritisation of his work, manages the projects and so on - management work. He [friend] also reports his progress on various tasks to this manager. One other important thing, is that his company implements the "8 hours of your butt in our chair" policy, irrelevant of actual workload.
Recently, a day unlike any other had occurred: there was no work. Everything was working perfect, there were no user reported problems, there were no tasks left to finish etc. His next "big" project would start Monday (it was Friday), so he showed up at 8 AM and basically had nothing to do. He asked the manager, checked the ticketing system and checked his mailbox - nothing was to be done. So, after remembering that a project in about 2 months would require him to work with technology he's unfamiliar with, he decided to read up and test this new tech in preparation for his project.
After that day, he reported to the manager that since there was nothing for him to do that day, he focused on preparing for Project X using Tech Y, and sent a short report on what he found out during his testing.
Come Monday, and he received a formal written warning (an [*Abmahnung*](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abmahnung_(deutsches_Arbeitsrecht))) for what was basically formally worded "slacking off the whole day, doing things unrelated to his current workload".
The question is: **was the management in the right to issue such a warning and how can he best defend himself about it**? | 2018/08/10 | [
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/117335",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/users/73150/"
] | Talk to a lawyer, now. This is specific to Germany.
* You have limited time to oppose this formal notification
* According to German law this may have serious implications
* According to German law it must be substantiated.
The last one is significant.
Slacking off is not worthy a written notification unless it happens severely and/or over longer durations. Also the manager must have talked to you about it (verbal warning). It will be a hell of a case if he did not and if you prepared for a longer project starting next working day (Friday to Monday) then they need a really brutal argument to make - the judge, if it ever gets there, will NOT be amused. This is as abusive as it gets in German law. Remember, Germany is a country where you are not allowed to measure worker productivity on an individual level unless special circumstances apply.
It is NOT worth talking to the manager here - he is likely in violation of labor laws, and he will not take the position that he did something seriously wrong. Your lawyer can and will advise you, and it does not cost too much to consult with the lawyer. Anyhow, it should be covered by the legal insurance you should have. Talking to HR is only likely to result in delays, which may be negative - I'm not sure how much time you have, but it could be you only have 14 calendar days to oppose this documentation. | >
> Was the management in the right?
>
>
>
Absolutely not, this manager is making ridiculous claims
In a lot of IT departments/companies learning in your work time as long as you have other work done is classed as development and learning which you can never do enough of in the development field.
On top of this the manager was even made aware that there was nothing to be done, if they had such a problem with this then they should've said there and then or even allocated some work.
>
> How can he best defend himself about it?
>
>
>
He can make a formal complaint and get all the evidence he had from that day, emails, information gathered etc and explain how it links to the upcoming project and ensure to provide proof that there was no work to be done.
If he doesn't want to take it that far then he can just pull his manager for a quick chat and query why he was given it.
In the future keep a log of emails and all things that may be used as evidence against any claims as such. |
117,335 | Disclaimer: I am asking this question for a friend, since he does not want to make an account here for one reason or another.
---
My friend works as an IT expert in quite a large company, in Germany. He is responsible for many of the systems there: coding, databases, sharepoint and many others. Suffice to say, he is a busy guy. He is NOT a manager.
He reports to a manager that basically handles the prioritisation of his work, manages the projects and so on - management work. He [friend] also reports his progress on various tasks to this manager. One other important thing, is that his company implements the "8 hours of your butt in our chair" policy, irrelevant of actual workload.
Recently, a day unlike any other had occurred: there was no work. Everything was working perfect, there were no user reported problems, there were no tasks left to finish etc. His next "big" project would start Monday (it was Friday), so he showed up at 8 AM and basically had nothing to do. He asked the manager, checked the ticketing system and checked his mailbox - nothing was to be done. So, after remembering that a project in about 2 months would require him to work with technology he's unfamiliar with, he decided to read up and test this new tech in preparation for his project.
After that day, he reported to the manager that since there was nothing for him to do that day, he focused on preparing for Project X using Tech Y, and sent a short report on what he found out during his testing.
Come Monday, and he received a formal written warning (an [*Abmahnung*](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abmahnung_(deutsches_Arbeitsrecht))) for what was basically formally worded "slacking off the whole day, doing things unrelated to his current workload".
The question is: **was the management in the right to issue such a warning and how can he best defend himself about it**? | 2018/08/10 | [
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/117335",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/users/73150/"
] | As this happened in Germany, I assume "written warning" means "Abmahnung".
This is serious, as this means the in future he might be legally fired for even rather minor stuff that would not justify a termination if it were a single event.
Therefore he really should consult with a lawyer, specialised in working laws ("Arbeitsrecht"), to evaluate how the company can be forced to withdraw it.
I am not a specialist, but in German working laws for filing a protest are rather short in time so he should do it now. | There are several very good answers here already.
I would add one point: the manager's behavior suggests he's after your friend. So I would be super careful with my behavior if I were him.
He should keep as many things as he can in writing. If he doesn't have anything to do, let him write an email to his manager asking for tasks. He shouldn't do it only verbally. Emails make things easier to prove. And obviously, print the emails out after sending them for documentation purposes.
And yes, he should start looking for a new job. Unless he's got a really super thick skin, working in such conditions can be very stressful and simply isn't worth it. |
117,335 | Disclaimer: I am asking this question for a friend, since he does not want to make an account here for one reason or another.
---
My friend works as an IT expert in quite a large company, in Germany. He is responsible for many of the systems there: coding, databases, sharepoint and many others. Suffice to say, he is a busy guy. He is NOT a manager.
He reports to a manager that basically handles the prioritisation of his work, manages the projects and so on - management work. He [friend] also reports his progress on various tasks to this manager. One other important thing, is that his company implements the "8 hours of your butt in our chair" policy, irrelevant of actual workload.
Recently, a day unlike any other had occurred: there was no work. Everything was working perfect, there were no user reported problems, there were no tasks left to finish etc. His next "big" project would start Monday (it was Friday), so he showed up at 8 AM and basically had nothing to do. He asked the manager, checked the ticketing system and checked his mailbox - nothing was to be done. So, after remembering that a project in about 2 months would require him to work with technology he's unfamiliar with, he decided to read up and test this new tech in preparation for his project.
After that day, he reported to the manager that since there was nothing for him to do that day, he focused on preparing for Project X using Tech Y, and sent a short report on what he found out during his testing.
Come Monday, and he received a formal written warning (an [*Abmahnung*](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abmahnung_(deutsches_Arbeitsrecht))) for what was basically formally worded "slacking off the whole day, doing things unrelated to his current workload".
The question is: **was the management in the right to issue such a warning and how can he best defend himself about it**? | 2018/08/10 | [
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/117335",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/users/73150/"
] | >
> Was the management in the right?
>
>
>
Absolutely not, this manager is making ridiculous claims
In a lot of IT departments/companies learning in your work time as long as you have other work done is classed as development and learning which you can never do enough of in the development field.
On top of this the manager was even made aware that there was nothing to be done, if they had such a problem with this then they should've said there and then or even allocated some work.
>
> How can he best defend himself about it?
>
>
>
He can make a formal complaint and get all the evidence he had from that day, emails, information gathered etc and explain how it links to the upcoming project and ensure to provide proof that there was no work to be done.
If he doesn't want to take it that far then he can just pull his manager for a quick chat and query why he was given it.
In the future keep a log of emails and all things that may be used as evidence against any claims as such. | I suspect there is more to the story here, however one thing is very clear. **Your friend's manager was unhappy with how he spent his time on Friday.** While it seems your friend felt there weren't any priority tasks that needed attention, his boss clearly didn't agree.
This doesn't mean the boss is right or wrong, but your friend and his manager need to be **on the same page.** That the boss would write him up is an indication of one of two things: either the boss is a complete jerk, or this isn't the first time this has been an issue. In either case I believe the path forward is the same.
Your friend and his boss need to be on the same page.
-----------------------------------------------------
He should be checking in with his boss **as often as necessary** to insure that everyone is in agreement about priorities and goals for the team. The level of trust between parties will play a part in deciding how often or detailed these check-ins need to be.
Your friend could:
* call his boss in the AM each day to talk about what he is working on
and to validate his understanding of the workload and priorities for
the day.
* send an email at the end of the day detailing what was accomplished
today and what he hopes to accomplish tomorrow
* stop in to the bosses office first thing to talk about the upcoming
day
Your friend may or may not be comfortable with this level of involvement from his supervisor. **If he is feeling micromanaged, it might be time to start looking for a new opportunity elsewhere.**
(If this were me, boss and I would have likely had a heated disagreement face to face. Either we would have hashed it out and things would be good, or I'd be polishing up my resume and looking for a new opportunity.) |
117,335 | Disclaimer: I am asking this question for a friend, since he does not want to make an account here for one reason or another.
---
My friend works as an IT expert in quite a large company, in Germany. He is responsible for many of the systems there: coding, databases, sharepoint and many others. Suffice to say, he is a busy guy. He is NOT a manager.
He reports to a manager that basically handles the prioritisation of his work, manages the projects and so on - management work. He [friend] also reports his progress on various tasks to this manager. One other important thing, is that his company implements the "8 hours of your butt in our chair" policy, irrelevant of actual workload.
Recently, a day unlike any other had occurred: there was no work. Everything was working perfect, there were no user reported problems, there were no tasks left to finish etc. His next "big" project would start Monday (it was Friday), so he showed up at 8 AM and basically had nothing to do. He asked the manager, checked the ticketing system and checked his mailbox - nothing was to be done. So, after remembering that a project in about 2 months would require him to work with technology he's unfamiliar with, he decided to read up and test this new tech in preparation for his project.
After that day, he reported to the manager that since there was nothing for him to do that day, he focused on preparing for Project X using Tech Y, and sent a short report on what he found out during his testing.
Come Monday, and he received a formal written warning (an [*Abmahnung*](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abmahnung_(deutsches_Arbeitsrecht))) for what was basically formally worded "slacking off the whole day, doing things unrelated to his current workload".
The question is: **was the management in the right to issue such a warning and how can he best defend himself about it**? | 2018/08/10 | [
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/117335",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/users/73150/"
] | As this happened in Germany, I assume "written warning" means "Abmahnung".
This is serious, as this means the in future he might be legally fired for even rather minor stuff that would not justify a termination if it were a single event.
Therefore he really should consult with a lawyer, specialised in working laws ("Arbeitsrecht"), to evaluate how the company can be forced to withdraw it.
I am not a specialist, but in German working laws for filing a protest are rather short in time so he should do it now. | I suspect there is more to the story here, however one thing is very clear. **Your friend's manager was unhappy with how he spent his time on Friday.** While it seems your friend felt there weren't any priority tasks that needed attention, his boss clearly didn't agree.
This doesn't mean the boss is right or wrong, but your friend and his manager need to be **on the same page.** That the boss would write him up is an indication of one of two things: either the boss is a complete jerk, or this isn't the first time this has been an issue. In either case I believe the path forward is the same.
Your friend and his boss need to be on the same page.
-----------------------------------------------------
He should be checking in with his boss **as often as necessary** to insure that everyone is in agreement about priorities and goals for the team. The level of trust between parties will play a part in deciding how often or detailed these check-ins need to be.
Your friend could:
* call his boss in the AM each day to talk about what he is working on
and to validate his understanding of the workload and priorities for
the day.
* send an email at the end of the day detailing what was accomplished
today and what he hopes to accomplish tomorrow
* stop in to the bosses office first thing to talk about the upcoming
day
Your friend may or may not be comfortable with this level of involvement from his supervisor. **If he is feeling micromanaged, it might be time to start looking for a new opportunity elsewhere.**
(If this were me, boss and I would have likely had a heated disagreement face to face. Either we would have hashed it out and things would be good, or I'd be polishing up my resume and looking for a new opportunity.) |
117,335 | Disclaimer: I am asking this question for a friend, since he does not want to make an account here for one reason or another.
---
My friend works as an IT expert in quite a large company, in Germany. He is responsible for many of the systems there: coding, databases, sharepoint and many others. Suffice to say, he is a busy guy. He is NOT a manager.
He reports to a manager that basically handles the prioritisation of his work, manages the projects and so on - management work. He [friend] also reports his progress on various tasks to this manager. One other important thing, is that his company implements the "8 hours of your butt in our chair" policy, irrelevant of actual workload.
Recently, a day unlike any other had occurred: there was no work. Everything was working perfect, there were no user reported problems, there were no tasks left to finish etc. His next "big" project would start Monday (it was Friday), so he showed up at 8 AM and basically had nothing to do. He asked the manager, checked the ticketing system and checked his mailbox - nothing was to be done. So, after remembering that a project in about 2 months would require him to work with technology he's unfamiliar with, he decided to read up and test this new tech in preparation for his project.
After that day, he reported to the manager that since there was nothing for him to do that day, he focused on preparing for Project X using Tech Y, and sent a short report on what he found out during his testing.
Come Monday, and he received a formal written warning (an [*Abmahnung*](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abmahnung_(deutsches_Arbeitsrecht))) for what was basically formally worded "slacking off the whole day, doing things unrelated to his current workload".
The question is: **was the management in the right to issue such a warning and how can he best defend himself about it**? | 2018/08/10 | [
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/117335",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/users/73150/"
] | Talk to a lawyer, now. This is specific to Germany.
* You have limited time to oppose this formal notification
* According to German law this may have serious implications
* According to German law it must be substantiated.
The last one is significant.
Slacking off is not worthy a written notification unless it happens severely and/or over longer durations. Also the manager must have talked to you about it (verbal warning). It will be a hell of a case if he did not and if you prepared for a longer project starting next working day (Friday to Monday) then they need a really brutal argument to make - the judge, if it ever gets there, will NOT be amused. This is as abusive as it gets in German law. Remember, Germany is a country where you are not allowed to measure worker productivity on an individual level unless special circumstances apply.
It is NOT worth talking to the manager here - he is likely in violation of labor laws, and he will not take the position that he did something seriously wrong. Your lawyer can and will advise you, and it does not cost too much to consult with the lawyer. Anyhow, it should be covered by the legal insurance you should have. Talking to HR is only likely to result in delays, which may be negative - I'm not sure how much time you have, but it could be you only have 14 calendar days to oppose this documentation. | As this happened in Germany, I assume "written warning" means "Abmahnung".
This is serious, as this means the in future he might be legally fired for even rather minor stuff that would not justify a termination if it were a single event.
Therefore he really should consult with a lawyer, specialised in working laws ("Arbeitsrecht"), to evaluate how the company can be forced to withdraw it.
I am not a specialist, but in German working laws for filing a protest are rather short in time so he should do it now. |
35,938,683 | My service is DService and I am fourth link in the chain of services i.e. the call flow is
Online User -> AService -> BService -> CService -> DService -> EService.
When I invoke EService from DService, it can throw retriable exception like HttpTimeoutException. I typically retry 2-3 three times and throw back an exception if it fails even after 2-3 retries.
My question is, the exception which I am throwing to CService, should that be retriable or non-retriable? Please find below my evaluation of Pros & Cons of both options
**Cons of Throwing Retriable exception from DService**
- If DService throws a retriable exception, following the same convention CService also might retry DService 2-3 times and in each call of C-D, D will again try 2-3 times onto E service call. Likewise the calls ultimately to EService will increase exponentially as we go up the call chain. So If EService network was indeed down for long time, we are talking about long number of un-necessary calls. This can be mitigated by having timeouts for each call in the chain, still not sure if that's a enough mitigation against un-necessary number of calls.
**Pros of Throwing Retriable exception from DService**
- CService will retry after sometime as in the subsequent retries we might get correct value (within the time limits)
- Especially if the clients are some backend jobs, then they can exponentially retry for long time before giving up. Throwing Un-Retriable exception would weed out this option
Please provide your views and suggestions on this
Thanks,
Harish | 2016/03/11 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/35938683",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/211599/"
] | I think throwing retriable exceptions is a viable approach if you define exponentially increasing retry-periods up on the chain. | I'd say you shouldn't retry in DService in the first place, because, as you say, if each service did that you could be facing trouble. Hence, let the exception bubble up the call stack and let it be handled at the outer most service possible; could even be the user.
Rationale: Why would it be on DService to decide if CService, BService or AService would want to retry or not?
However, I think it also depends on the frequency of the exception and the success rate of retries. If the exception occurs frequently but the call usually succeeds upon the first or second retry it's another thing than an exception which happens once a day and/or retrying is futile most of the time. |
35,938,683 | My service is DService and I am fourth link in the chain of services i.e. the call flow is
Online User -> AService -> BService -> CService -> DService -> EService.
When I invoke EService from DService, it can throw retriable exception like HttpTimeoutException. I typically retry 2-3 three times and throw back an exception if it fails even after 2-3 retries.
My question is, the exception which I am throwing to CService, should that be retriable or non-retriable? Please find below my evaluation of Pros & Cons of both options
**Cons of Throwing Retriable exception from DService**
- If DService throws a retriable exception, following the same convention CService also might retry DService 2-3 times and in each call of C-D, D will again try 2-3 times onto E service call. Likewise the calls ultimately to EService will increase exponentially as we go up the call chain. So If EService network was indeed down for long time, we are talking about long number of un-necessary calls. This can be mitigated by having timeouts for each call in the chain, still not sure if that's a enough mitigation against un-necessary number of calls.
**Pros of Throwing Retriable exception from DService**
- CService will retry after sometime as in the subsequent retries we might get correct value (within the time limits)
- Especially if the clients are some backend jobs, then they can exponentially retry for long time before giving up. Throwing Un-Retriable exception would weed out this option
Please provide your views and suggestions on this
Thanks,
Harish | 2016/03/11 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/35938683",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/211599/"
] | Without knowing what the services do, whether or not DService should retry or CService should, I cannot say for sure. However my philosophy is that the service being called should *not* be the one to retry, *ever*. In this case, EService would throw an exception stupidly and without any handling whatsoever. The reason behind this is because the end of the chain should be stateless and should not make decisions on behalf of the caller.
The caller can dictate to a certain extent within the confines of what is acceptable and what isn't on whether the error should be reattempted or not. In other words, if EService attempts to perform a connection to a database and DService is performing a lookup service, then it may be in the scope of DService to say, if a certain information isn't found in a certain table, to check in another table instead. However, failure to connect to the database by EService flies over the head of DService, whose scope is simply to return information requested by CService.
CService, having made the call to retrieve certain information, depending on what it does, may then receive the database connection and attempt to retry a number of times after a delay because it is performing a batch work on that data and will continue to retry until the database is back online. Or, if it is retrieving information to show to the user on a webpage, must fail fast and deal with the database connection error by presenting a nice error message to the user instead.
It entirely depends on what your services do and where their responsibilities lie. Likewise, whether an exception is retriable or not should again depend on the caller's necessity, not the service itself. It is perfectly viable to present a retriable exception to the caller that is only attempted once.
Hope that helps! | I'd say you shouldn't retry in DService in the first place, because, as you say, if each service did that you could be facing trouble. Hence, let the exception bubble up the call stack and let it be handled at the outer most service possible; could even be the user.
Rationale: Why would it be on DService to decide if CService, BService or AService would want to retry or not?
However, I think it also depends on the frequency of the exception and the success rate of retries. If the exception occurs frequently but the call usually succeeds upon the first or second retry it's another thing than an exception which happens once a day and/or retrying is futile most of the time. |
35,938,683 | My service is DService and I am fourth link in the chain of services i.e. the call flow is
Online User -> AService -> BService -> CService -> DService -> EService.
When I invoke EService from DService, it can throw retriable exception like HttpTimeoutException. I typically retry 2-3 three times and throw back an exception if it fails even after 2-3 retries.
My question is, the exception which I am throwing to CService, should that be retriable or non-retriable? Please find below my evaluation of Pros & Cons of both options
**Cons of Throwing Retriable exception from DService**
- If DService throws a retriable exception, following the same convention CService also might retry DService 2-3 times and in each call of C-D, D will again try 2-3 times onto E service call. Likewise the calls ultimately to EService will increase exponentially as we go up the call chain. So If EService network was indeed down for long time, we are talking about long number of un-necessary calls. This can be mitigated by having timeouts for each call in the chain, still not sure if that's a enough mitigation against un-necessary number of calls.
**Pros of Throwing Retriable exception from DService**
- CService will retry after sometime as in the subsequent retries we might get correct value (within the time limits)
- Especially if the clients are some backend jobs, then they can exponentially retry for long time before giving up. Throwing Un-Retriable exception would weed out this option
Please provide your views and suggestions on this
Thanks,
Harish | 2016/03/11 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/35938683",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/211599/"
] | I think throwing retriable exceptions is a viable approach if you define exponentially increasing retry-periods up on the chain. | What you throw at your invokers, and whether what you throw at them will also carry a suggestion "but you could retry this", should be determined by the intended semantics of *your* service *exclusively*.
(Besides, I have never heard of java Exception objects formally carrying any such property, but that might be because I'm lagging behind a bit.)
EDIT.
Whether *you* "retry" an operation that failed, is for *you* (and you alone) to decide. However, if you do decide to retry, it is also your responsibility to decide after how many failures you are going to stop retrying and call it a day, and at that point it is most certainly unwise to throw an exception to your caller that suggests he can "retry" as well. |
35,938,683 | My service is DService and I am fourth link in the chain of services i.e. the call flow is
Online User -> AService -> BService -> CService -> DService -> EService.
When I invoke EService from DService, it can throw retriable exception like HttpTimeoutException. I typically retry 2-3 three times and throw back an exception if it fails even after 2-3 retries.
My question is, the exception which I am throwing to CService, should that be retriable or non-retriable? Please find below my evaluation of Pros & Cons of both options
**Cons of Throwing Retriable exception from DService**
- If DService throws a retriable exception, following the same convention CService also might retry DService 2-3 times and in each call of C-D, D will again try 2-3 times onto E service call. Likewise the calls ultimately to EService will increase exponentially as we go up the call chain. So If EService network was indeed down for long time, we are talking about long number of un-necessary calls. This can be mitigated by having timeouts for each call in the chain, still not sure if that's a enough mitigation against un-necessary number of calls.
**Pros of Throwing Retriable exception from DService**
- CService will retry after sometime as in the subsequent retries we might get correct value (within the time limits)
- Especially if the clients are some backend jobs, then they can exponentially retry for long time before giving up. Throwing Un-Retriable exception would weed out this option
Please provide your views and suggestions on this
Thanks,
Harish | 2016/03/11 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/35938683",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/211599/"
] | Without knowing what the services do, whether or not DService should retry or CService should, I cannot say for sure. However my philosophy is that the service being called should *not* be the one to retry, *ever*. In this case, EService would throw an exception stupidly and without any handling whatsoever. The reason behind this is because the end of the chain should be stateless and should not make decisions on behalf of the caller.
The caller can dictate to a certain extent within the confines of what is acceptable and what isn't on whether the error should be reattempted or not. In other words, if EService attempts to perform a connection to a database and DService is performing a lookup service, then it may be in the scope of DService to say, if a certain information isn't found in a certain table, to check in another table instead. However, failure to connect to the database by EService flies over the head of DService, whose scope is simply to return information requested by CService.
CService, having made the call to retrieve certain information, depending on what it does, may then receive the database connection and attempt to retry a number of times after a delay because it is performing a batch work on that data and will continue to retry until the database is back online. Or, if it is retrieving information to show to the user on a webpage, must fail fast and deal with the database connection error by presenting a nice error message to the user instead.
It entirely depends on what your services do and where their responsibilities lie. Likewise, whether an exception is retriable or not should again depend on the caller's necessity, not the service itself. It is perfectly viable to present a retriable exception to the caller that is only attempted once.
Hope that helps! | What you throw at your invokers, and whether what you throw at them will also carry a suggestion "but you could retry this", should be determined by the intended semantics of *your* service *exclusively*.
(Besides, I have never heard of java Exception objects formally carrying any such property, but that might be because I'm lagging behind a bit.)
EDIT.
Whether *you* "retry" an operation that failed, is for *you* (and you alone) to decide. However, if you do decide to retry, it is also your responsibility to decide after how many failures you are going to stop retrying and call it a day, and at that point it is most certainly unwise to throw an exception to your caller that suggests he can "retry" as well. |
104,261 | >
> * She is ***a*** singer.
> * She is ***an*** actress.
>
>
>
If I transform this sentence into **"both--and"** structure,
which one is better to use, the sentence #1 or #2?
>
> 1. She is **both** ***a*** singer **and** actress.
> 2. She is **both** ***a*** singer **and** ***an*** actress.
>
>
> | 2016/09/22 | [
"https://ell.stackexchange.com/questions/104261",
"https://ell.stackexchange.com",
"https://ell.stackexchange.com/users/34103/"
] | She is both a singer and actress.
She is both a singer and an actress.
Remove both:
She is a singer and actress. [buzzer]
She is a singer and an actress. [good style]
If things are not defined, leave them that way.
He is a mechanic and an engineer.
The meaning might not change, but it sure sounds bad not to keep two articles.
**The Chicago Manual of Style says this:**
>
> Usage and Grammar Q. Do you need to use two indefinite articles with
> coordinate nouns when one noun begins with a vowel sound and the other
> begins with a consonant sound? For example, “walking the halls of an
> elementary or [a] secondary school.” Is the a before secondary
> required? Would the same be true for coordinate adjectives? For
> example, “including a relatable and [an] encouraging teacher”? Is the
> an required?
>
>
> A. **The second article is not required. Readers will mentally supply
> it.**
>
>
>
**I agree when the nouns are the same thing or closely related, as in this case: schools**
But not when they are completely different: a singer and an actress
Another example:
>
> * A teacher and a student must act as chaperons at the dance. [good
> style]
>
>
>
* A teacher and student must act as chaperons at the dance. **[buzzer]**
* She is both a singer and songwriter. [Ok, closely related]
two nouns
[two nouns](https://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/qanda/data/faq/topics/Usage/faq0341.html) | Answers are listed in the comments.
"The second is better." – Lawrence
Agreed. The second one looks more complete and grammatical.
"There is no difference in meaning between the two, and neither is more idiomatic than the other. Any preference for one or the other is merely a matter of personal taste." – P. E. Dant
The choice depends on personal preference and the style of speaking/writing. |
151 | I see that Vitalik and Vlad are [working on Casper](https://blog.ethereum.org/2015/12/28/understanding-serenity-part-2-casper/). As far as I understand, casper is the new POS mining algorithm. Why is it better than bitcoin's POW? I understand it's environmentally friendly, but isn't just vulnerable to ownership bias and 51% attacks from large ether holders?
What does this mean in plain English? | 2016/01/21 | [
"https://ethereum.stackexchange.com/questions/151",
"https://ethereum.stackexchange.com",
"https://ethereum.stackexchange.com/users/181/"
] | There are a number of reasons I much prefer Casper over PoW:
In PoW, any coalition of >50% (or 25-33% if selfish mining) can very profitably censor and revert history. In Casper, it takes close to 100% of bonded validators to collude, to censor profitably. Additionally, finalized blocks cannot be reverted by any amount of byzantine behaviour.
Casper is designed to make it as expensive as possible for a supermajority of byzantine nodes to undermine protocol guarantees. Supermajority-of-hashpower attacks on PoW, OTOH, are very profitable.
The ideal is to have a model where consensus is as cheap as possible for everyone, except for adversaries while they are conducting an attack. PoW has to be more expensive for everyone at all times than an adversary might be able to spend at any time. Security-deposit based PoS can make very large efficiency gains, in terms of economic security provided per unit of fees + issuance.
Also, block finality and the concise nature of economic proofs from security deposits makes Casper much more light client friendly than will ever be possible with PoW.
Hope this helps! | A different explanation of Casper was [written by Vlad](https://blog.ethereum.org/2015/08/01/introducing-casper-friendly-ghost/). Some of the points from the post include:
* It is an eventually-consistent blockchain-based consensus protocol
* It favours availability over consistency
* It is always available, and consistent whenever possible
* It is robust to unpredictable message delivery times because nodes come to consensus via re-organization of transactions
[Vitalik's post](https://blog.ethereum.org/2015/12/28/understanding-serenity-part-2-casper/) talks about how validation can be based on bets, much like a prediction market. Since the incentive is to converge on the truth, the result should be that large value will back the likely truth quickly and "finality" becomes a sliding scale of how much value you want to back that particular transaction. In other words, wait as long as you're comfortable with.
Another way of looking at it, is that consensus-by-bet is a superset of all consensus protocols. Vitalik wrote:
>
> Consensus-by-bet can be seen as a framework that encompasses this way
> of looking at proof of work, and yet also can be adapted to provide an
> economic game to incentivize convergence for many other classes of
> consensus protocols.
>
>
> |
116,176 | So there is a mountain range. It is about 3000 miles long, 500 miles wide and the average height is 5,000 m. Now there is still quite a lot of land and I don't want to make everything behind the mountains into a desert. Must a rain shadow create a desert? | 2018/06/24 | [
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/116176",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/users/33798/"
] | Yes and no. Rain shadows are caused by unidirectional blockers of weather systems in areas where the prevailing wind brings in most or all of the rain. This means that while the mountains creating the rain shadow may block all of, for example, the easterly trending storm systems in the area weather coming up from the south or down from the north *won't* be effected, much. A mountain range that blocks the prevailing winds and thus the primary weather systems of a particular region will always create a relatively dry zone behind the range. That area need not be a true desert if there are enough other weather systems that hit the area from other directions and dump enough rain (more than about 200mm annual rainfall depending on temporal distribution) during the year though. | **You can be dry but not be desert.**
Costa Rica has an rain shadow ecosystem called a tropical dry forest.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/qxARr.jpg)tropical dry forest
<https://www.gdfcf.org/dry-forest>
It is pretty cool! I guess the few months of rain are enough to carry the forest over during the long dry months.
---
Another option is a grassland or savannah. On the Big Island the rainshadow produces an area like this - grass with a few trees.
<https://yourbigislandexperience.com/tag/kohala-coast/>
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/RHQSZ.jpg)
<https://www.climate.gov/news-features/featured-images/rain-shadows-summits-hawaii>
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/yhqPO.png)
Kohala looks a lot browner in that second image than in the first. |
370,392 | I'm trying to install the latest jdk (7u2) onto my Windows XP laptop and for some reason when I double-click the jdk-7u12-windows-i586.exe, no automatic pop up comes out like how I expect it to for the installation. Would anyone know any reasons why it would do that or how to debug this? I have uninstalled any older Java versions, so it should be a clean slate, but nothing is still coming up when I double-click the installer. I have also tried to run the installer on the cmd but nothing comes up as well. I don't get any warnings or errors. Thank you.
Edit: The installer is not corrupted. I have tested the installer on another WinXP machine and it works fine. I am thinking my setup is somehow messed up or one of my other programs are blocking it.. I have disabled a virus scan .exe process in my Windows Task Manager already but it must be something else... | 2011/12/21 | [
"https://superuser.com/questions/370392",
"https://superuser.com",
"https://superuser.com/users/75309/"
] | This bug is believed to be due to the way that the JDK7 installer was configured. The configuration has been changed for 7u6.
Can you [try with 7u6](http://jdk7.java.net/download.html) and let us know if it resolves the problem?
Bug if you are interested: [Bug ID: 7145760 JDK Installation broken on WinXP since 7u2, worked in 7u1](http://bugs.sun.com/bugdatabase/view_bug.do?bug_id=7145760) | To edit the PATH environment variable in Windows 2000/XP/Vista/7:
Click the "Start" button ⇒ "Control Panel" ⇒ "System" ⇒ (Vista/7 only) "Advanced system settings".
Switch to "Advanced" tab ⇒ "Environment Variables..."
In "System Variables" box, scroll down to select "PATH" ⇒ "Edit..."
In "Variable value" field, INSERT "c:\Program Files\java\jdk1.7.0\bin" (assume that this is your JDK's binary directory) IN FRONT of all the existing directories, followed by a semi-colon (;) which separates the JDK's binary directory from the rest of the existing directories. DO NOT DELETE any existing entries; otherwise, some existing applications may not run.
Variable name : PATH
Variable value : c:\Program Files\java\jdk1.7.0\bin;....exiting entries.... |
231,691 | I'm trying to create my own simplified induction cooktop. If I'd like to use 120V Mains, what determines the current draw of the coil used (is it simply the resistance of the coil)? Also, I understand altering the frequency is a necessity to change the amount of heat produced from the induction process (and hence temperature of the material that has current being inducted on it). How would I go about changing the 50Hz Mains to higher/lower frequencies? Any insight would be much appreciated.
Thanks! | 2016/05/01 | [
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/231691",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/users/108747/"
] | >
> what determines the current draw of the coil used (is it simply the resistance of the coil)?
>
>
>
No. The coil is like the primary of a transformer. The resistance of the coil would cause heating in the coil itself rather than the cooking pan. The secondary current and thus the primary current is determined by:
1. The dimensions of the cooking pan
2. The characteristics of the cooking pan material
3. The distance between the coil and the cooking pan
4. The voltage applied to the coil
5. The frequency of the voltage applied to the coil, because that influences the resistance in the pan due to skin effect
6. Perhaps other factors
>
> How would I go about changing the 50Hz Mains to higher/lower frequencies?
>
>
>
Power must be applied to the coil using an inverter circuit.
**[Here is a link](http://www.asminternational.org/documents/10192/1849770/ACFAA5C.pdf)** | Here you can find some ideas.
<http://www.instructables.com/id/Powerful-yet-simple-induction-heater/>
Generally small units have only one mosfet because single ended circuits are good to about 5 kW that is normally more than required, commercial units are about 1,5 kW. Cheap Chinese units here are sold at about 50 $ |
428,044 | Today I replace my FastEthernet switch with a newly bought gigabit switch (DGS-1008A). All computers in my house are displaying that the connection speed is 1 Gbps except for one.
The computer that is not working is an ASUS M2N-MX which contain an onboard gigabit NIC. See ASUS link for confirmation <http://www.asus.com/Motherboards/AMD_AM2/M2NMX/>
Here are some info of the machine
* OS: Windows 7 Ultimate SP1 64bit
* BIOS version: 1004 (latest)
* Driver: installed via Windows update (latest from Windows update)
* Windows Update: fully updated
* The machine is reformatted 3 days ago, so it's pretty clean, no junk, no virus, etc
Cable: Amp CAT5E 5 meters
In device manager, the name of the NIC is "NVIDIA nForce 10/100/1000 Mbps Ethernet"
What I have try:
1. I did try to install the driver provided in ASUS website, but there isn't any for Windows 7 64 or Vista 64.
2. I did try to install the latest nForce340/6100, downloaded from Nvidia website. However, the LAN driver refuse to install, it complain that I already have the best driver installed.
3. I looking in the property --> advance tab --> Speed/duplex settings, in an attempt to force it to run at 1000Mbps, but there is no 1000Mbps choice, only 10 and 100Mpbs.
4. I change the CAT5E cable (use one from another computer that is running gigabit without problem)
Anyone have this issue or know how to solve it? | 2012/05/23 | [
"https://superuser.com/questions/428044",
"https://superuser.com",
"https://superuser.com/users/112991/"
] | I have that problem too, been busy a whole long night finding a driver for server 2003 x64 for this motherboard nic.
I don't know anymore which driver I took but suddenly it worked, but with exception the 1gbit speed isn't selectable.
Checked out some of the driver files in the system and saw some strange things in them,
one file did mention that 1000mbps was selectable with a parameter #9 for 1000mbps , while a other part file of the driver shows only selections till 100mbps ...
I really think there are bugs in this drivers, i did try to find out things in the windows registry but couldn't localize the right lines, prob if you can find it you maybe can modify some registry lines to make 1000mbps selectable in the network menu.
I give up till now, will try to find a pci network card like an intel one for the best driver support. | If you only see 10/100 under duplex, it is possible that the driver is incorrect or the device is damaged... or, there is something else to blame... (Wrong motherboard/wrong chip on board etc.)
The duplex and settings screen is not linked to the current infrastructure - you should be able to select 1000Mb even on a 100meg network... It wouldn't work, but you should still be able to select it.
update -- just double checked to confirm.
You state that you tried the latest nForce 340... Your motherboard is nForce430 - try the download from this link - <http://www.nvidia.co.uk/object/nforce_vista_win7_32bit_15.49_uk.html> |
110,082 | Someone with a low level of experience in something is a *newbie* or a *rookie*.
Someone with a high level of experience is an *expert* or *specialist*.
But what do you call someone with a mid-level of experience? | 2013/03/31 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/110082",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | The reason there is often nothing for a mid-level is because the others draw attention to some unusual condition, such as being *junior* or *senior*. If you are neither junior nor senior, then no further shading is required.
However, if you wanted to go with the old guild system, the grades would be ***apprentice***, ***journeyman***, and ***master***, terms that are still sometimes used in the crafts and trades.
---
**WARNING**: Be warned that the words you’ve chosen above are not comparable, as they are not in the same register — at all.
For example, the opposite of a *senior* member of the staff is a *junior* member, and the opposite of a *beginner* might be an *experienced* staff member.
I’m not sure what the opposite of a *“newbie”* is, since that is at best recent and **extremely casual** slang, not a “real word” you’ll find in dictionaries — and it is somewhat pejorative at that, so might be considered vulgar. I would avoid it. (It’s also why I’ve scare-quoted it.)
Especially on the novice end of the spectrum, you have no shortage of better words you could use instead of “newbie”, a super-casual “slangy” word which might put some people off. For people just starting out, you have words like *amateur, apprentice,
beginner, fledgling, freshman, greenhorn, initiate, junior,
learner, neophyte, new kid on the block, newcomer, novice, novitiate,
pupil, recruit, starter, student, tenderfoot,* and *trainee*.
In the realm of informal slang you do have words like *flunky, greenie,* and
*rookie*, but as a non-native speaker, **you should not use those** except in special situations under guidance of a native speaker. They are not of general use.
At the other end of the spectrum, you have words like *expert, old hand,
professional, senior,* and *veteran*.
Any competent thesaurus will uncover more of the same ilk, and in both categories. | There are no hard and fast words for such things. Totally depends what field/context are you talking in and what are the popularly accepted words in that realm. For example, check this example out from the game *[ski runner](http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_ranks_for_the_game_ski_runner)*.
Usually there ain't any words for the mid levels. Like a new person in the field might be referred to as rookie and the one who has been there for quiet a while and has earned his reputation that makes him stand out, he can be referred to as a pro. Others who've been around just as while or less, but don't stand out, won't be referred with any such adjective. Mostly, because there is ample of such people and hence no need to differentiate them out. Just like we have words in a race : **first** and **last**. But don't have words to describe the ones who stood in between!
And, the words you have used in the original post doesn't belong to the same group/context/category. |
110,082 | Someone with a low level of experience in something is a *newbie* or a *rookie*.
Someone with a high level of experience is an *expert* or *specialist*.
But what do you call someone with a mid-level of experience? | 2013/03/31 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/110082",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | The reason there is often nothing for a mid-level is because the others draw attention to some unusual condition, such as being *junior* or *senior*. If you are neither junior nor senior, then no further shading is required.
However, if you wanted to go with the old guild system, the grades would be ***apprentice***, ***journeyman***, and ***master***, terms that are still sometimes used in the crafts and trades.
---
**WARNING**: Be warned that the words you’ve chosen above are not comparable, as they are not in the same register — at all.
For example, the opposite of a *senior* member of the staff is a *junior* member, and the opposite of a *beginner* might be an *experienced* staff member.
I’m not sure what the opposite of a *“newbie”* is, since that is at best recent and **extremely casual** slang, not a “real word” you’ll find in dictionaries — and it is somewhat pejorative at that, so might be considered vulgar. I would avoid it. (It’s also why I’ve scare-quoted it.)
Especially on the novice end of the spectrum, you have no shortage of better words you could use instead of “newbie”, a super-casual “slangy” word which might put some people off. For people just starting out, you have words like *amateur, apprentice,
beginner, fledgling, freshman, greenhorn, initiate, junior,
learner, neophyte, new kid on the block, newcomer, novice, novitiate,
pupil, recruit, starter, student, tenderfoot,* and *trainee*.
In the realm of informal slang you do have words like *flunky, greenie,* and
*rookie*, but as a non-native speaker, **you should not use those** except in special situations under guidance of a native speaker. They are not of general use.
At the other end of the spectrum, you have words like *expert, old hand,
professional, senior,* and *veteran*.
Any competent thesaurus will uncover more of the same ilk, and in both categories. | It doesn't sound very common, but one word I found was [*middler*](http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Middler). From video-game experience, I might call a mid-level person an [*intermediate*](http://www.thefreedictionary.com/intermediate); in general, I think people will know what you mean when you use it, but it can be confused with a mediator or intermediary. |
26,102 | I am looking for a way find the time when:
1. [Pleiades](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleiades) will be at the Zenith today (11th November 2011)
2. Pleiades will conjunct with the Moon
3. The Moon will be at the Zenith today
How do I find those out?
Ingress and Egress would be helpful too. I live in Asia/Rangoon. | 2011/11/10 | [
"https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/26102",
"https://physics.stackexchange.com",
"https://physics.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | Dr. Phil Plait has written about this extensively. He has a book ([Death from the Skies](http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0670019976)) with a chapter that deals with this.
He has [a blog entry about this very subject](http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2008/10/13/death-by-meteorite/) as well (in addition to a link to one just talking about getting hit by a meteorite). Here is an excerpt:
>
> what are the odds of getting killed by one?
>
>
> Turns out, they’re a lot higher! Why?
>
>
> Because you are small and the Earth is big, getting knocked on the noggin by a meteorite is a low odds event. But a big meteorite, say one 100 yards across, doesn’t have to directly fall on top of you to shuffle you off this mortal coil. It could land kilometers away and the blast wave (or the heat) could do you in. And a bigger one can land hundreds of kilometers away and still snuff you out, especially if it hits in the ocean and causes a big tsunami to march over the beaches and coastlines.
>
>
> However, big asteroids coming in and whacking us are much rarer than small ones; if you go out on a clear night you might see a dozen meteors caused by rocks smaller than a grain of sand, but you could wait 100 million years for a dinosaur-buster. You have to account for that as well. This is a calculation worth doing, because a) a lot of people fret about it, and b) it could in fact mean the end of all life on Earth. That might be worth knowing.
>
>
> **Astronomer Alan Harris has made that calculation. Allowing for the number of Earth-crossing asteroids — the kind that can hit us because their orbits around the Sun intersect ours — as well as how much damage they can do (which depends on their size), he calculated that *any person’s lifetime odds of being killed by an asteroid impact are about 1 in 700,000*.**
>
>
> One out of seven hundred thousand! That’s still pretty low… and certainly not enough to lie awake at night worrying about it.
>
>
> But there are a few important things to consider.
>
>
> 1) A big asteroid is rare, but one bigger than about 10 km across would kill everyone, all 6 billion of us. That skews the odds. If one of those hit every 100 million years, then your lifetime odds of dying in an impact is 100 million years divided by 70 years = 1 in 1.5 million.
>
>
> A small impact might happen 1000x more often (every 100,000 years), but might only kill 1/1000th as many people, so the odds are roughly the same. Weird.
>
>
> 2) We are lousy at understanding low probability events. I know that 1 in 700,000 is a ridiculously low probability, but it’s hard to grasp. As a comparison, you’re more likely to die in a fireworks accident. But what’s funny is, this is a slightly higher chance than being killed by a terrorist! Despite propaganda to the contrary, the odds of any given person being killed by a terrorist attack are incredibly low. While terrorist attacks in the long run are a near certainty, the odds of you getting killed are very low.
>
>
> It’s like the lottery: someone wins every time (eventually), but chances are it won’t be you.
>
>
> Worrying about preventing a terrorist attack is a good idea, but (unless you work in a high-risk job) worrying specifically about dying in one is not\*.
>
>
> Incidentally, you have about the same odds as being killed on an amusement park ride. Wheee!
>
>
>
It really all depends on how you look at it. In his blog entry, he does get into how as a species, we actually have the ability to prevent this sort of a disaster with a relatively modest amount of spending and effort. So the odds may actually decrease as we get our act as a species together. | Hm. To answer that question, one would simply count such occurrences for a given time in the past, and divide it through the timespan. Then do some corrections for the increased number of cities in the last centuries.
The only bigger impacts which where reported from people was the Tunguska-Event 1908 and 1490 in China, 10 000 people died, according to the [German wikipedia on asteroid impact](http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impakt) and the [corresponding article in English](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_event), though the article says that at least some astronomers find the number of deaths implausible.
There I found the calculation of a big enough impact for climate changes every 500 000 to 10 million years (not very accurate, is it?).
I can sell you an insurance policy. ;) |
26,102 | I am looking for a way find the time when:
1. [Pleiades](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleiades) will be at the Zenith today (11th November 2011)
2. Pleiades will conjunct with the Moon
3. The Moon will be at the Zenith today
How do I find those out?
Ingress and Egress would be helpful too. I live in Asia/Rangoon. | 2011/11/10 | [
"https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/26102",
"https://physics.stackexchange.com",
"https://physics.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | Hm. To answer that question, one would simply count such occurrences for a given time in the past, and divide it through the timespan. Then do some corrections for the increased number of cities in the last centuries.
The only bigger impacts which where reported from people was the Tunguska-Event 1908 and 1490 in China, 10 000 people died, according to the [German wikipedia on asteroid impact](http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impakt) and the [corresponding article in English](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_event), though the article says that at least some astronomers find the number of deaths implausible.
There I found the calculation of a big enough impact for climate changes every 500 000 to 10 million years (not very accurate, is it?).
I can sell you an insurance policy. ;) | The odds of a very-high-casualty rate impact in the next decade are even lower than previous answers have stated, since there are ongoing surveys looking for just such dangerous "near Earth objects" and "Earth approachers" and there are no known near-term threats: [JPL's Current Impact Risks](http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/risk/)
New survey instruments are coming online now. For instance, the [Pan-STARRS](http://pan-starrs.ifa.hawaii.edu/public/) system is designed to cover the entire sky several times *per month*.
Of course, no survey is going to pick up every meteor capable of killing a person or causing people to die (pea-sized meteor hits airplane pilot, etc.) |
26,102 | I am looking for a way find the time when:
1. [Pleiades](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleiades) will be at the Zenith today (11th November 2011)
2. Pleiades will conjunct with the Moon
3. The Moon will be at the Zenith today
How do I find those out?
Ingress and Egress would be helpful too. I live in Asia/Rangoon. | 2011/11/10 | [
"https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/26102",
"https://physics.stackexchange.com",
"https://physics.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | Dr. Phil Plait has written about this extensively. He has a book ([Death from the Skies](http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0670019976)) with a chapter that deals with this.
He has [a blog entry about this very subject](http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2008/10/13/death-by-meteorite/) as well (in addition to a link to one just talking about getting hit by a meteorite). Here is an excerpt:
>
> what are the odds of getting killed by one?
>
>
> Turns out, they’re a lot higher! Why?
>
>
> Because you are small and the Earth is big, getting knocked on the noggin by a meteorite is a low odds event. But a big meteorite, say one 100 yards across, doesn’t have to directly fall on top of you to shuffle you off this mortal coil. It could land kilometers away and the blast wave (or the heat) could do you in. And a bigger one can land hundreds of kilometers away and still snuff you out, especially if it hits in the ocean and causes a big tsunami to march over the beaches and coastlines.
>
>
> However, big asteroids coming in and whacking us are much rarer than small ones; if you go out on a clear night you might see a dozen meteors caused by rocks smaller than a grain of sand, but you could wait 100 million years for a dinosaur-buster. You have to account for that as well. This is a calculation worth doing, because a) a lot of people fret about it, and b) it could in fact mean the end of all life on Earth. That might be worth knowing.
>
>
> **Astronomer Alan Harris has made that calculation. Allowing for the number of Earth-crossing asteroids — the kind that can hit us because their orbits around the Sun intersect ours — as well as how much damage they can do (which depends on their size), he calculated that *any person’s lifetime odds of being killed by an asteroid impact are about 1 in 700,000*.**
>
>
> One out of seven hundred thousand! That’s still pretty low… and certainly not enough to lie awake at night worrying about it.
>
>
> But there are a few important things to consider.
>
>
> 1) A big asteroid is rare, but one bigger than about 10 km across would kill everyone, all 6 billion of us. That skews the odds. If one of those hit every 100 million years, then your lifetime odds of dying in an impact is 100 million years divided by 70 years = 1 in 1.5 million.
>
>
> A small impact might happen 1000x more often (every 100,000 years), but might only kill 1/1000th as many people, so the odds are roughly the same. Weird.
>
>
> 2) We are lousy at understanding low probability events. I know that 1 in 700,000 is a ridiculously low probability, but it’s hard to grasp. As a comparison, you’re more likely to die in a fireworks accident. But what’s funny is, this is a slightly higher chance than being killed by a terrorist! Despite propaganda to the contrary, the odds of any given person being killed by a terrorist attack are incredibly low. While terrorist attacks in the long run are a near certainty, the odds of you getting killed are very low.
>
>
> It’s like the lottery: someone wins every time (eventually), but chances are it won’t be you.
>
>
> Worrying about preventing a terrorist attack is a good idea, but (unless you work in a high-risk job) worrying specifically about dying in one is not\*.
>
>
> Incidentally, you have about the same odds as being killed on an amusement park ride. Wheee!
>
>
>
It really all depends on how you look at it. In his blog entry, he does get into how as a species, we actually have the ability to prevent this sort of a disaster with a relatively modest amount of spending and effort. So the odds may actually decrease as we get our act as a species together. | The chances are of the order of 1 in 10,000. You can derive this number by assuming the most probable impact as the chance order of magnitude (there's a 1 in 10,000 chance in 2019).
All that you wanted to know about near Earth objects, dangerousness and probability of impact is here: <http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/risk/> |
26,102 | I am looking for a way find the time when:
1. [Pleiades](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleiades) will be at the Zenith today (11th November 2011)
2. Pleiades will conjunct with the Moon
3. The Moon will be at the Zenith today
How do I find those out?
Ingress and Egress would be helpful too. I live in Asia/Rangoon. | 2011/11/10 | [
"https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/26102",
"https://physics.stackexchange.com",
"https://physics.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | The chances are of the order of 1 in 10,000. You can derive this number by assuming the most probable impact as the chance order of magnitude (there's a 1 in 10,000 chance in 2019).
All that you wanted to know about near Earth objects, dangerousness and probability of impact is here: <http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/risk/> | The odds of a very-high-casualty rate impact in the next decade are even lower than previous answers have stated, since there are ongoing surveys looking for just such dangerous "near Earth objects" and "Earth approachers" and there are no known near-term threats: [JPL's Current Impact Risks](http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/risk/)
New survey instruments are coming online now. For instance, the [Pan-STARRS](http://pan-starrs.ifa.hawaii.edu/public/) system is designed to cover the entire sky several times *per month*.
Of course, no survey is going to pick up every meteor capable of killing a person or causing people to die (pea-sized meteor hits airplane pilot, etc.) |
26,102 | I am looking for a way find the time when:
1. [Pleiades](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleiades) will be at the Zenith today (11th November 2011)
2. Pleiades will conjunct with the Moon
3. The Moon will be at the Zenith today
How do I find those out?
Ingress and Egress would be helpful too. I live in Asia/Rangoon. | 2011/11/10 | [
"https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/26102",
"https://physics.stackexchange.com",
"https://physics.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | Dr. Phil Plait has written about this extensively. He has a book ([Death from the Skies](http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0670019976)) with a chapter that deals with this.
He has [a blog entry about this very subject](http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2008/10/13/death-by-meteorite/) as well (in addition to a link to one just talking about getting hit by a meteorite). Here is an excerpt:
>
> what are the odds of getting killed by one?
>
>
> Turns out, they’re a lot higher! Why?
>
>
> Because you are small and the Earth is big, getting knocked on the noggin by a meteorite is a low odds event. But a big meteorite, say one 100 yards across, doesn’t have to directly fall on top of you to shuffle you off this mortal coil. It could land kilometers away and the blast wave (or the heat) could do you in. And a bigger one can land hundreds of kilometers away and still snuff you out, especially if it hits in the ocean and causes a big tsunami to march over the beaches and coastlines.
>
>
> However, big asteroids coming in and whacking us are much rarer than small ones; if you go out on a clear night you might see a dozen meteors caused by rocks smaller than a grain of sand, but you could wait 100 million years for a dinosaur-buster. You have to account for that as well. This is a calculation worth doing, because a) a lot of people fret about it, and b) it could in fact mean the end of all life on Earth. That might be worth knowing.
>
>
> **Astronomer Alan Harris has made that calculation. Allowing for the number of Earth-crossing asteroids — the kind that can hit us because their orbits around the Sun intersect ours — as well as how much damage they can do (which depends on their size), he calculated that *any person’s lifetime odds of being killed by an asteroid impact are about 1 in 700,000*.**
>
>
> One out of seven hundred thousand! That’s still pretty low… and certainly not enough to lie awake at night worrying about it.
>
>
> But there are a few important things to consider.
>
>
> 1) A big asteroid is rare, but one bigger than about 10 km across would kill everyone, all 6 billion of us. That skews the odds. If one of those hit every 100 million years, then your lifetime odds of dying in an impact is 100 million years divided by 70 years = 1 in 1.5 million.
>
>
> A small impact might happen 1000x more often (every 100,000 years), but might only kill 1/1000th as many people, so the odds are roughly the same. Weird.
>
>
> 2) We are lousy at understanding low probability events. I know that 1 in 700,000 is a ridiculously low probability, but it’s hard to grasp. As a comparison, you’re more likely to die in a fireworks accident. But what’s funny is, this is a slightly higher chance than being killed by a terrorist! Despite propaganda to the contrary, the odds of any given person being killed by a terrorist attack are incredibly low. While terrorist attacks in the long run are a near certainty, the odds of you getting killed are very low.
>
>
> It’s like the lottery: someone wins every time (eventually), but chances are it won’t be you.
>
>
> Worrying about preventing a terrorist attack is a good idea, but (unless you work in a high-risk job) worrying specifically about dying in one is not\*.
>
>
> Incidentally, you have about the same odds as being killed on an amusement park ride. Wheee!
>
>
>
It really all depends on how you look at it. In his blog entry, he does get into how as a species, we actually have the ability to prevent this sort of a disaster with a relatively modest amount of spending and effort. So the odds may actually decrease as we get our act as a species together. | For statistical purposes, the difference between the odds of two people dying and the odds of one person dying are not signficant so, depending on who you reference...
[1 in 200,000](http://www.livescience.com/3780-odds-dying.html)
[1 in 700,000](http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2008/10/13/death-by-meteorite/)
[1 in 40,000](http://www.planetary.org/explore/topics/near_earth_objects/threat.html) << This seems pretty high, considering that this is about the rate of death by chicken pox. However this also includes comets and other things besides just "meteorites"
[1 in 765,000,000](http://www.medicine.ox.ac.uk/bandolier/booth/Risk/meteor.html) << risk due to major impact |
26,102 | I am looking for a way find the time when:
1. [Pleiades](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleiades) will be at the Zenith today (11th November 2011)
2. Pleiades will conjunct with the Moon
3. The Moon will be at the Zenith today
How do I find those out?
Ingress and Egress would be helpful too. I live in Asia/Rangoon. | 2011/11/10 | [
"https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/26102",
"https://physics.stackexchange.com",
"https://physics.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | For statistical purposes, the difference between the odds of two people dying and the odds of one person dying are not signficant so, depending on who you reference...
[1 in 200,000](http://www.livescience.com/3780-odds-dying.html)
[1 in 700,000](http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2008/10/13/death-by-meteorite/)
[1 in 40,000](http://www.planetary.org/explore/topics/near_earth_objects/threat.html) << This seems pretty high, considering that this is about the rate of death by chicken pox. However this also includes comets and other things besides just "meteorites"
[1 in 765,000,000](http://www.medicine.ox.ac.uk/bandolier/booth/Risk/meteor.html) << risk due to major impact | The odds of a very-high-casualty rate impact in the next decade are even lower than previous answers have stated, since there are ongoing surveys looking for just such dangerous "near Earth objects" and "Earth approachers" and there are no known near-term threats: [JPL's Current Impact Risks](http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/risk/)
New survey instruments are coming online now. For instance, the [Pan-STARRS](http://pan-starrs.ifa.hawaii.edu/public/) system is designed to cover the entire sky several times *per month*.
Of course, no survey is going to pick up every meteor capable of killing a person or causing people to die (pea-sized meteor hits airplane pilot, etc.) |
26,102 | I am looking for a way find the time when:
1. [Pleiades](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleiades) will be at the Zenith today (11th November 2011)
2. Pleiades will conjunct with the Moon
3. The Moon will be at the Zenith today
How do I find those out?
Ingress and Egress would be helpful too. I live in Asia/Rangoon. | 2011/11/10 | [
"https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/26102",
"https://physics.stackexchange.com",
"https://physics.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | Dr. Phil Plait has written about this extensively. He has a book ([Death from the Skies](http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0670019976)) with a chapter that deals with this.
He has [a blog entry about this very subject](http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2008/10/13/death-by-meteorite/) as well (in addition to a link to one just talking about getting hit by a meteorite). Here is an excerpt:
>
> what are the odds of getting killed by one?
>
>
> Turns out, they’re a lot higher! Why?
>
>
> Because you are small and the Earth is big, getting knocked on the noggin by a meteorite is a low odds event. But a big meteorite, say one 100 yards across, doesn’t have to directly fall on top of you to shuffle you off this mortal coil. It could land kilometers away and the blast wave (or the heat) could do you in. And a bigger one can land hundreds of kilometers away and still snuff you out, especially if it hits in the ocean and causes a big tsunami to march over the beaches and coastlines.
>
>
> However, big asteroids coming in and whacking us are much rarer than small ones; if you go out on a clear night you might see a dozen meteors caused by rocks smaller than a grain of sand, but you could wait 100 million years for a dinosaur-buster. You have to account for that as well. This is a calculation worth doing, because a) a lot of people fret about it, and b) it could in fact mean the end of all life on Earth. That might be worth knowing.
>
>
> **Astronomer Alan Harris has made that calculation. Allowing for the number of Earth-crossing asteroids — the kind that can hit us because their orbits around the Sun intersect ours — as well as how much damage they can do (which depends on their size), he calculated that *any person’s lifetime odds of being killed by an asteroid impact are about 1 in 700,000*.**
>
>
> One out of seven hundred thousand! That’s still pretty low… and certainly not enough to lie awake at night worrying about it.
>
>
> But there are a few important things to consider.
>
>
> 1) A big asteroid is rare, but one bigger than about 10 km across would kill everyone, all 6 billion of us. That skews the odds. If one of those hit every 100 million years, then your lifetime odds of dying in an impact is 100 million years divided by 70 years = 1 in 1.5 million.
>
>
> A small impact might happen 1000x more often (every 100,000 years), but might only kill 1/1000th as many people, so the odds are roughly the same. Weird.
>
>
> 2) We are lousy at understanding low probability events. I know that 1 in 700,000 is a ridiculously low probability, but it’s hard to grasp. As a comparison, you’re more likely to die in a fireworks accident. But what’s funny is, this is a slightly higher chance than being killed by a terrorist! Despite propaganda to the contrary, the odds of any given person being killed by a terrorist attack are incredibly low. While terrorist attacks in the long run are a near certainty, the odds of you getting killed are very low.
>
>
> It’s like the lottery: someone wins every time (eventually), but chances are it won’t be you.
>
>
> Worrying about preventing a terrorist attack is a good idea, but (unless you work in a high-risk job) worrying specifically about dying in one is not\*.
>
>
> Incidentally, you have about the same odds as being killed on an amusement park ride. Wheee!
>
>
>
It really all depends on how you look at it. In his blog entry, he does get into how as a species, we actually have the ability to prevent this sort of a disaster with a relatively modest amount of spending and effort. So the odds may actually decrease as we get our act as a species together. | The odds of a very-high-casualty rate impact in the next decade are even lower than previous answers have stated, since there are ongoing surveys looking for just such dangerous "near Earth objects" and "Earth approachers" and there are no known near-term threats: [JPL's Current Impact Risks](http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/risk/)
New survey instruments are coming online now. For instance, the [Pan-STARRS](http://pan-starrs.ifa.hawaii.edu/public/) system is designed to cover the entire sky several times *per month*.
Of course, no survey is going to pick up every meteor capable of killing a person or causing people to die (pea-sized meteor hits airplane pilot, etc.) |
92,238 | I've been using unity to make 2d indie type games for a while now. However, i've tried to branch into different genres and unity cant do some of the things that i want it to do(*although it is still very good*).
I really want to make a game from scratch were i have complete control over what happens, although i wouldn't have the slightest clue were to start.
tldr what resources do you need to build a game from the ground floor. *or more or less. what resources/software/libraries did most well made indies such as super meat boy, braid or limbo use.* | 2015/01/14 | [
"https://gamedev.stackexchange.com/questions/92238",
"https://gamedev.stackexchange.com",
"https://gamedev.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | A great place to start is from this [book](http://www.amazon.co.uk/Game-Engine-Architecture-Jason-Gregory/dp/1568814135), but I'll go over the basics. This list is built on the basis that C++ is the language you would be using and you're developing a desktop game.
1. Games rely on maths, so you need a good maths library. A good place to look is at [glm](http://glm.g-truc.net/0.9.6/index.html).
2. You also need some way of displaying an output to a screen. You need a some way to get a window open and handle input ([glfw](http://www.glfw.org/), [SDL](https://www.libsdl.org/)) and some way to access the graphics card([opengl](https://www.opengl.org/) + [tuts](http://www.opengl-tutorial.org/)) to render.
3. Assets such as texture ([FreeImage](http://freeimage.sourceforge.net/)), models & animations([AssImp](http://assimp.sourceforge.net/), roll your own), shaders(roll your own) and sound([ffmpeg](https://www.ffmpeg.org/)) need to be handled.
4. Most games have some form of collision and physics so you need something for this ([bullet](http://bulletphysics.org/wordpress/), [box2D](http://box2d.org/)).
5. Sound playback needs to be handle as well ([OpenAL](http://kcat.strangesoft.net/openal.html), [FMOD](http://www.fmod.org/)).
This list is by no means exhaustive but this list and [book](http://www.amazon.co.uk/Game-Engine-Architecture-Jason-Gregory/dp/1568814135) should give you a pretty good start.
As for "*what resources/software/libraries did most well made indies such as super meat boy, braid or limbo use.*", I have no idea. | I would recommend using [HaxeFlixel](http://haxeflixel.com/) for the programming part. You have a control over almost anything in the game because it relies on it's programming(but you need to know programming in Haxe (Although it's not very difficult)). You can build an entire system from that, if that's what you're searching for. |
234,800 | I have a collection of points in a .CSV which are currently in OSGB36 and have been through the OSTN02 transformation.
I would like to put them through the OSTN15 transformation in bulk, using the CSV as a source.
I've read that one way to do it is OSTN02 - ETRS89 - OSTN15.
I have been struggling to find a way to do this efficiently with minimal chance for human error. I have used Grid InQuest and Grid InQuestII but these do not give me an output in a usable format, the same was said for OS' online batch transformer.
I only have access to , ArcMap 10.2, FME up to 2016.1, QGIS 2.16.1, Python (anaconda distribution). | 2017/04/05 | [
"https://gis.stackexchange.com/questions/234800",
"https://gis.stackexchange.com",
"https://gis.stackexchange.com/users/94856/"
] | In FME (2017 onwards) has the **GridInQuestIIReprojector** transformer.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/JGFHG.png)
<https://www.safe.com/transformers/grid-in-quest-ii-reprojector/>
Full Credit to Paul Michell
<https://bitbucket.org/PaulFMichell/gridinquestii>
+thanks to Safe for integrating this in FME
I found this solution via
<https://knowledge.safe.com/idea/22549/64-bit-version-of-the-gridinquest-transformer.html> | If your data is surveyed in with respect to the OS Net v2001 realisation of ETRS89 and then transformed into OSGB using OSTN02 then no further data changes are necessary.
If you want to use OSTN15, the correct way is:
1. Use OSTN02 to transform from OSGB E/N to OS Net v2001 realisation of ETRS89
lat/lon
2. Helmert transformation from OS Net v2001 lat/lon to OS Net v2009 lat/lon
3. Use OSTN15 to transform from OS Net v2009 realisation of ETRS89 to OSGB E/N
The resulting coordinates from this process will be virtually identical to your source data.
**The correct answer is therefore to do nothing**. All the other answers to this question are introducing errors into your data.
See [Transformation between OS Net v2001 and v2009
realisations](https://www.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/documents/resources/guide-coordinate-systems-great-britain.pdf#page=40)
Also see this [article](https://www.geomatics-world.co.uk/magazines/geomatics-world-july-august-2016.pdf#page=18); OSTN15 was developed to *minimise the
change in OSGB36 coordinates* due to the OS Net update, therefore pre-existing OSGB data is already valid and does not require updating. |
234,800 | I have a collection of points in a .CSV which are currently in OSGB36 and have been through the OSTN02 transformation.
I would like to put them through the OSTN15 transformation in bulk, using the CSV as a source.
I've read that one way to do it is OSTN02 - ETRS89 - OSTN15.
I have been struggling to find a way to do this efficiently with minimal chance for human error. I have used Grid InQuest and Grid InQuestII but these do not give me an output in a usable format, the same was said for OS' online batch transformer.
I only have access to , ArcMap 10.2, FME up to 2016.1, QGIS 2.16.1, Python (anaconda distribution). | 2017/04/05 | [
"https://gis.stackexchange.com/questions/234800",
"https://gis.stackexchange.com",
"https://gis.stackexchange.com/users/94856/"
] | I've been in contact with Dave Campanas from safe.com support. He has solved my query, so I thought i'd post the solution on here.
He suggested adding a CoordinateExtractor transformer to extract the re-projected coordinates into the X\_COORD, Y\_COORD, and Z\_COORD attributes before writing out to the new CSV file.
Further to this, I've added an AttributeManager before my writer to help with replacing the old coordinates.
The resulting CSV shows the changes I was expecting, so I am currently happy with my results. Please see the attached screen clip.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/GoHcl.jpg) | If your data is surveyed in with respect to the OS Net v2001 realisation of ETRS89 and then transformed into OSGB using OSTN02 then no further data changes are necessary.
If you want to use OSTN15, the correct way is:
1. Use OSTN02 to transform from OSGB E/N to OS Net v2001 realisation of ETRS89
lat/lon
2. Helmert transformation from OS Net v2001 lat/lon to OS Net v2009 lat/lon
3. Use OSTN15 to transform from OS Net v2009 realisation of ETRS89 to OSGB E/N
The resulting coordinates from this process will be virtually identical to your source data.
**The correct answer is therefore to do nothing**. All the other answers to this question are introducing errors into your data.
See [Transformation between OS Net v2001 and v2009
realisations](https://www.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/documents/resources/guide-coordinate-systems-great-britain.pdf#page=40)
Also see this [article](https://www.geomatics-world.co.uk/magazines/geomatics-world-july-august-2016.pdf#page=18); OSTN15 was developed to *minimise the
change in OSGB36 coordinates* due to the OS Net update, therefore pre-existing OSGB data is already valid and does not require updating. |
2,016 | This question is not about molds that affect coffee plants. I am asking about molds that grow in coffee that has been sitting for a few days or more. I did not find any scientific articles on point so I have begun to try to answer the question by observing; but I may have missed an article and someone else may know the answer already.
Roasting probably kills any mold in coffee beans and if molds grow in a cup of brewed coffee they come from the surrounding air. After leaving many partially-filled cups in various spaces and looking at molds that grew in them, *Aspergillus*, *Penicillium*, and *Aureobasidium* are the only molds I have seen under the microscope so far.
If someone has seen an authoritative article about this it would interest me. Thanks. (This is not a health issue, IMO. I'm just curious.) | 2015/07/18 | [
"https://coffee.stackexchange.com/questions/2016",
"https://coffee.stackexchange.com",
"https://coffee.stackexchange.com/users/1068/"
] | Though I don't have any articles on the matter, I can certainly say I've found cups of coffee that I had forgotten that are only maybe a week old with mold growing in them. I'd assume it gets contaminated so quickly, because of its sugar content. It might just be a coincidence, but it seems to happen more readily with coffee that I brew over ice. I press my areopress directly over ice, I've heard this reduces the acidity. Which would make sense, as acidity usually wards off mold. I leave all of my coffee black and unsweetened, so it is not dairy or added sugars that are causing this.
Perhaps try variating your brewing process. I'd be especially keen on the pH. Maybe there are some spores which will not grow in environments below a certain pH. | I am severely allergic to Penecillium Mold. Around a year and a half ago, I began drinking coffee on a daily basis. I had my french press brewing set up perfectly to have a nice mug every day. After about 6 weeks, I had an allergic reaction. Mold spores cause a reaction in allergic people whether they're alive or dead, so the previous answerer is wrong about being dismissive about the mold being killed in the roasting process. |
50,309 | I'm trying to avoid soldering or modding of any kind as I'm 7,000 miles away from where the project is based! I'm trying to come up with a simple solution I can get a layman to do on my behalf. I have the following IO board: <http://www.phatio.com/> which exposes 2x14 IO ports (2.54mm pitch pin header connection) but need to convert the connections into screw terminal block type.
I was thinking of using some angled double pin header connectors and then connecting them to pluggable screw terminal blocks (http://www.metz-connect.com/en/products/311661) but the smallest size I can find is 3.5mm.
Anyone have any suggestions or a better/alternative idea? (screw terminal blocks are a must)
Thanks | 2012/12/01 | [
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/50309",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/users/16576/"
] | For a similar requirement, converting a 20-pin header strip to screw terminals, we fabricated a tiny adapter PCB with [screw terminals](http://www.allelectronics.com/make-a-store/item/TER-202/2-POSITION-PCB-TERMINAL-BLOCK/1.html) like this one:
The screw terminals are on 0.197" centers, and they interlock nicely on a 0.2" pattern.
The PCB used was thus:
The screw terminals are arranged in two rows atop the PCB on opposite sides of the header strip, facing outward for ease of connecting wires. The 0.1" header strip is on the underside of the PCB, facing the board to be connected to - Either make or female header strips are soldered in, depending on requirements.
You could as well fabricate this using single-sided stripboard or veroboard, just that the header strip on the underside would then need to be soldered with a bit of finesse.
Another such adapter board of ours uses the screw terminals all on one side of the header strip, with a bit of a gap between the 2 rows of screw terminals. That version's a bit fidgety to use though. | You can buy screw terminals with 2.54mm pitch. For example, SparkFun has [some](https://www.sparkfun.com/products/10571). Google yields some more hits, for example [Farnell](http://uk.farnell.com/phoenix-contact/1725669/terminal-block-pcb-2-54mm-3way/dp/3041360). |
50,309 | I'm trying to avoid soldering or modding of any kind as I'm 7,000 miles away from where the project is based! I'm trying to come up with a simple solution I can get a layman to do on my behalf. I have the following IO board: <http://www.phatio.com/> which exposes 2x14 IO ports (2.54mm pitch pin header connection) but need to convert the connections into screw terminal block type.
I was thinking of using some angled double pin header connectors and then connecting them to pluggable screw terminal blocks (http://www.metz-connect.com/en/products/311661) but the smallest size I can find is 3.5mm.
Anyone have any suggestions or a better/alternative idea? (screw terminal blocks are a must)
Thanks | 2012/12/01 | [
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/50309",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/users/16576/"
] | For a similar requirement, converting a 20-pin header strip to screw terminals, we fabricated a tiny adapter PCB with [screw terminals](http://www.allelectronics.com/make-a-store/item/TER-202/2-POSITION-PCB-TERMINAL-BLOCK/1.html) like this one:
The screw terminals are on 0.197" centers, and they interlock nicely on a 0.2" pattern.
The PCB used was thus:
The screw terminals are arranged in two rows atop the PCB on opposite sides of the header strip, facing outward for ease of connecting wires. The 0.1" header strip is on the underside of the PCB, facing the board to be connected to - Either make or female header strips are soldered in, depending on requirements.
You could as well fabricate this using single-sided stripboard or veroboard, just that the header strip on the underside would then need to be soldered with a bit of finesse.
Another such adapter board of ours uses the screw terminals all on one side of the header strip, with a bit of a gap between the 2 rows of screw terminals. That version's a bit fidgety to use though. | I just made this little breadboard screw wing from parts I had lying around. The trick is using [strip board](http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:StripBoard.png) which takes care of all connections from the pin header to the terminal blocks. Two rows of 5.08 mm pitched terminal blocks back to back with 2.54mm shifted apart allows to access every pin. I pushed the pins of the header all the way through the black plastic so the pins are long enough to plug in the breadboard and still easy to solder. The wing layout has the advantage that it covers as few breadboard holes as possible. I made this one to match an Arduino Mini which has 12 pins (on each side).
Pretty much similar idea as in Anindo's answer, but a different layout.
 |
50,309 | I'm trying to avoid soldering or modding of any kind as I'm 7,000 miles away from where the project is based! I'm trying to come up with a simple solution I can get a layman to do on my behalf. I have the following IO board: <http://www.phatio.com/> which exposes 2x14 IO ports (2.54mm pitch pin header connection) but need to convert the connections into screw terminal block type.
I was thinking of using some angled double pin header connectors and then connecting them to pluggable screw terminal blocks (http://www.metz-connect.com/en/products/311661) but the smallest size I can find is 3.5mm.
Anyone have any suggestions or a better/alternative idea? (screw terminal blocks are a must)
Thanks | 2012/12/01 | [
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/50309",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/users/16576/"
] | You can buy screw terminals with 2.54mm pitch. For example, SparkFun has [some](https://www.sparkfun.com/products/10571). Google yields some more hits, for example [Farnell](http://uk.farnell.com/phoenix-contact/1725669/terminal-block-pcb-2-54mm-3way/dp/3041360). | I just made this little breadboard screw wing from parts I had lying around. The trick is using [strip board](http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:StripBoard.png) which takes care of all connections from the pin header to the terminal blocks. Two rows of 5.08 mm pitched terminal blocks back to back with 2.54mm shifted apart allows to access every pin. I pushed the pins of the header all the way through the black plastic so the pins are long enough to plug in the breadboard and still easy to solder. The wing layout has the advantage that it covers as few breadboard holes as possible. I made this one to match an Arduino Mini which has 12 pins (on each side).
Pretty much similar idea as in Anindo's answer, but a different layout.
 |
4,713 | When I turn the key in to start all the lights on the dashboard go out completely and when I turn it back to the off position the dash lights back up. What could the problem be if the battery is okay? | 2012/11/13 | [
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com/questions/4713",
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com",
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com/users/2397/"
] | Some things to check in order of likelihood-
* Check the battery connections are tight. A loose connection may prevent your car from starting, even when the lights, radio, etc., may seem to be working fine.
* The battery may not be fine. Lights are not high load,so having the lights work is not an indicator of how healthy your battery is
* Starter motor. Some starter motors stick as the fail, so occasionally a good whack with a piece of wood is required (don't try this if you aren't sure which bit of metal is your starter motor, you might break something)
* Fuses. Easy to check all your fuses in the fuse box with a multimeter.
* Wiring. If all else checks out, you may need to carry out a full check on your wiring to see where the failure is. | Make sure all the connections are clean. Test the battery to ensure it really has 12volts. Use a voltmeter.
I've had a battery that worked fine, but couldn't start the car because the connections needed cleaning. Even if there isn't corrosion it could be an issue. Once I had those add-on connectors that go on the end of the battery cable get so rusted it stopped the connection from working. |
4,713 | When I turn the key in to start all the lights on the dashboard go out completely and when I turn it back to the off position the dash lights back up. What could the problem be if the battery is okay? | 2012/11/13 | [
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com/questions/4713",
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com",
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com/users/2397/"
] | Make sure battery connections/post are clean and battery has at least 12.4 volts.
Check and make sure wires to your starter are not making ground connection to any metal, and are exposed and not covered to anything metal. Also, could be the starter/alternator. Process of elimination -- more then likely it's electrical, not the motor. Hope this helps. | Immobiliser has kicked in cause you removed the battery, got the same problem, I've been told locking & unlocking the car with the key fob will do it!! Mine don't seem to work, the real answer is a 4 digit code you get when you buy the car from the dealer which I didn't, it not the radio code which is all I had it's the ecu or eka which is in the owners manual under security/safety, you use the code in the car door lock by turning the key whatever number of times one way then opposite way for next & so on, if you find any other way let me know |
4,713 | When I turn the key in to start all the lights on the dashboard go out completely and when I turn it back to the off position the dash lights back up. What could the problem be if the battery is okay? | 2012/11/13 | [
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com/questions/4713",
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com",
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com/users/2397/"
] | Make sure all the connections are clean. Test the battery to ensure it really has 12volts. Use a voltmeter.
I've had a battery that worked fine, but couldn't start the car because the connections needed cleaning. Even if there isn't corrosion it could be an issue. Once I had those add-on connectors that go on the end of the battery cable get so rusted it stopped the connection from working. | The same thing happened with me ( [Ford Focus - bad starter?](https://mechanics.stackexchange.com/questions/8855/ford-focus-bad-starter) ) when trying to "turn the car over". The current drawn "killed" the car for about 2 minutes, where nothing electrical worked at all.
Check that the battery terminals are clamped down correctly. You might need to remove the clamps and reseat them. |
4,713 | When I turn the key in to start all the lights on the dashboard go out completely and when I turn it back to the off position the dash lights back up. What could the problem be if the battery is okay? | 2012/11/13 | [
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com/questions/4713",
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com",
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com/users/2397/"
] | Have the battery load tested. I've had several batteries go dead in the same manner: dash lights working just find until you turn the key and it all dies. | Make sure all the connections are clean. Test the battery to ensure it really has 12volts. Use a voltmeter.
I've had a battery that worked fine, but couldn't start the car because the connections needed cleaning. Even if there isn't corrosion it could be an issue. Once I had those add-on connectors that go on the end of the battery cable get so rusted it stopped the connection from working. |
4,713 | When I turn the key in to start all the lights on the dashboard go out completely and when I turn it back to the off position the dash lights back up. What could the problem be if the battery is okay? | 2012/11/13 | [
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com/questions/4713",
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com",
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com/users/2397/"
] | The same thing happened with me ( [Ford Focus - bad starter?](https://mechanics.stackexchange.com/questions/8855/ford-focus-bad-starter) ) when trying to "turn the car over". The current drawn "killed" the car for about 2 minutes, where nothing electrical worked at all.
Check that the battery terminals are clamped down correctly. You might need to remove the clamps and reseat them. | Immobiliser has kicked in cause you removed the battery, got the same problem, I've been told locking & unlocking the car with the key fob will do it!! Mine don't seem to work, the real answer is a 4 digit code you get when you buy the car from the dealer which I didn't, it not the radio code which is all I had it's the ecu or eka which is in the owners manual under security/safety, you use the code in the car door lock by turning the key whatever number of times one way then opposite way for next & so on, if you find any other way let me know |
4,713 | When I turn the key in to start all the lights on the dashboard go out completely and when I turn it back to the off position the dash lights back up. What could the problem be if the battery is okay? | 2012/11/13 | [
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com/questions/4713",
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com",
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com/users/2397/"
] | Have the battery load tested. I've had several batteries go dead in the same manner: dash lights working just find until you turn the key and it all dies. | The same thing happened with me ( [Ford Focus - bad starter?](https://mechanics.stackexchange.com/questions/8855/ford-focus-bad-starter) ) when trying to "turn the car over". The current drawn "killed" the car for about 2 minutes, where nothing electrical worked at all.
Check that the battery terminals are clamped down correctly. You might need to remove the clamps and reseat them. |
4,713 | When I turn the key in to start all the lights on the dashboard go out completely and when I turn it back to the off position the dash lights back up. What could the problem be if the battery is okay? | 2012/11/13 | [
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com/questions/4713",
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com",
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com/users/2397/"
] | Have the battery load tested. I've had several batteries go dead in the same manner: dash lights working just find until you turn the key and it all dies. | Immobiliser has kicked in cause you removed the battery, got the same problem, I've been told locking & unlocking the car with the key fob will do it!! Mine don't seem to work, the real answer is a 4 digit code you get when you buy the car from the dealer which I didn't, it not the radio code which is all I had it's the ecu or eka which is in the owners manual under security/safety, you use the code in the car door lock by turning the key whatever number of times one way then opposite way for next & so on, if you find any other way let me know |
4,713 | When I turn the key in to start all the lights on the dashboard go out completely and when I turn it back to the off position the dash lights back up. What could the problem be if the battery is okay? | 2012/11/13 | [
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com/questions/4713",
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com",
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com/users/2397/"
] | Make sure all the connections are clean. Test the battery to ensure it really has 12volts. Use a voltmeter.
I've had a battery that worked fine, but couldn't start the car because the connections needed cleaning. Even if there isn't corrosion it could be an issue. Once I had those add-on connectors that go on the end of the battery cable get so rusted it stopped the connection from working. | Immobiliser has kicked in cause you removed the battery, got the same problem, I've been told locking & unlocking the car with the key fob will do it!! Mine don't seem to work, the real answer is a 4 digit code you get when you buy the car from the dealer which I didn't, it not the radio code which is all I had it's the ecu or eka which is in the owners manual under security/safety, you use the code in the car door lock by turning the key whatever number of times one way then opposite way for next & so on, if you find any other way let me know |
4,713 | When I turn the key in to start all the lights on the dashboard go out completely and when I turn it back to the off position the dash lights back up. What could the problem be if the battery is okay? | 2012/11/13 | [
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com/questions/4713",
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com",
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com/users/2397/"
] | Have the battery load tested. I've had several batteries go dead in the same manner: dash lights working just find until you turn the key and it all dies. | Make sure battery connections/post are clean and battery has at least 12.4 volts.
Check and make sure wires to your starter are not making ground connection to any metal, and are exposed and not covered to anything metal. Also, could be the starter/alternator. Process of elimination -- more then likely it's electrical, not the motor. Hope this helps. |
4,713 | When I turn the key in to start all the lights on the dashboard go out completely and when I turn it back to the off position the dash lights back up. What could the problem be if the battery is okay? | 2012/11/13 | [
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com/questions/4713",
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com",
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com/users/2397/"
] | Some things to check in order of likelihood-
* Check the battery connections are tight. A loose connection may prevent your car from starting, even when the lights, radio, etc., may seem to be working fine.
* The battery may not be fine. Lights are not high load,so having the lights work is not an indicator of how healthy your battery is
* Starter motor. Some starter motors stick as the fail, so occasionally a good whack with a piece of wood is required (don't try this if you aren't sure which bit of metal is your starter motor, you might break something)
* Fuses. Easy to check all your fuses in the fuse box with a multimeter.
* Wiring. If all else checks out, you may need to carry out a full check on your wiring to see where the failure is. | The same thing happened with me ( [Ford Focus - bad starter?](https://mechanics.stackexchange.com/questions/8855/ford-focus-bad-starter) ) when trying to "turn the car over". The current drawn "killed" the car for about 2 minutes, where nothing electrical worked at all.
Check that the battery terminals are clamped down correctly. You might need to remove the clamps and reseat them. |
143,233 | I am using [cxxtest](http://cxxtest.tigris.org/) as the test framework for my C++ classes, and would like to figure out a way to simulate sending data to classes which would normally expect to receive it from standard input. I have several different files which I would like to send to the classes during different tests, so redirection from the command line to the test suite executable is not an option.
Basically, what I would really like to do is find a way to redefine or redirect the 'stdin' handle to some other value that I create inside of my program, and then use fwrite() from these tests so that the corresponding fread() inside of the class pulls the data from within the program, not from the actual standard I/O handles associated with the executable.
Is this even possible? Bonus points for a platform-independent solution, but at a very minimum, I need this to work with Visual Studio 9 under Windows. | 2008/09/27 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/143233",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/14302/"
] | The appropriate method is to rewrite your classes so that they are testable. They should accept as a parameter the handle, stream or file from which they are supposed to read data - in your test framework, you can then mock in the stream or supply the path to the file containing the test data. | You should be able to use freopen() to point stdin to an arbitrary file. |
143,233 | I am using [cxxtest](http://cxxtest.tigris.org/) as the test framework for my C++ classes, and would like to figure out a way to simulate sending data to classes which would normally expect to receive it from standard input. I have several different files which I would like to send to the classes during different tests, so redirection from the command line to the test suite executable is not an option.
Basically, what I would really like to do is find a way to redefine or redirect the 'stdin' handle to some other value that I create inside of my program, and then use fwrite() from these tests so that the corresponding fread() inside of the class pulls the data from within the program, not from the actual standard I/O handles associated with the executable.
Is this even possible? Bonus points for a platform-independent solution, but at a very minimum, I need this to work with Visual Studio 9 under Windows. | 2008/09/27 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/143233",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/14302/"
] | The appropriate method is to rewrite your classes so that they are testable. They should accept as a parameter the handle, stream or file from which they are supposed to read data - in your test framework, you can then mock in the stream or supply the path to the file containing the test data. | [rdbuf](http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/iostream/ios/rdbuf.html) does exactly what you want. You can open a file for reading and replace cin's rdbuf with the one from the file. (see the link for a example using cout).
On unix-like OS you could close the 0 file handle (stdin) and open another file. It will have the lowest avaiable handle, which in this case would be 0. Or use one of posix calls that do exactly this. I'm not sure, but this may also work on Windows. |
384,333 | Some users have suggested [this](https://gaming.stackexchange.com/q/328386) question and answer, but that asks for an exploit, while I am asking for a way to not encounter this in the first place.
---
Ok, so we all know the infamous words, "too expensive". I think everyone who has played Minecraft knows what these words mean, and for those who don't, I'd advise you to try and not hit those words, because it makes your life harder. So I was looking around the Internet, and I found out that the anvil hits a certain level cap. And I'm trying to enchant my bow, but I don't know how to avoid those words. Is there a certain way to enchant a weapon so it doesn't become "too expensive"?
For those players who don't know what "too expensive" means, it's when you hit a certain upgrade cap (I don't really know what it's call, so ima call it upgrade cap) on an anvil. So when you use an anvil, each time you enchant a weapon of your chose, the XP requirement will keep getting higher until you hit the "too expensive mark. Even if you have enough XP, it will still say "too expensive", so enchant you gear WISELY. | 2021/04/06 | [
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/questions/384333",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/users/269825/"
] | I'm not sure if this is the best way, but it's how I avoid it.
Every act of enchanting adds an enchantment level to an item, every time you enchant *or repair* an item with a higher level. it becomes more expensive. I know of two things to avoid this
Start with good enchantments, don't work a fortune I into fortune II into fortune III
that takes too many enchantments, get a fortune III to start with, and add something else that's good.
second, the most important part, the game enchants to the highest enchantment level of an item +1. What you can do is start with a pickaxe that already has at least one high level enchantment on it and add a book to that. Your pickaxe is now Enchantment level(EC) 2, Second. Get the next enchantment book, and enchant another book on that book, That book now has two enchantments and is level 2. Add that book to your pickaxe, making your EC3.
Next you can make a level three book and add that. And so on until you hit that "too expensive" level. However with some good enchanted books you can end up with some extremely good gear before reaching that limit.
so in short: start with good enchantments, combine enchanted books to the same level as the item you're enchanting before using them on that item. | [Is there an optimum enchantment strategy in Minecraft?](https://gaming.stackexchange.com/questions/254360/is-there-an-optimum-enchantment-strategy-in-minecraft?rq=1) is an easy way to do so, this makes the enchanting process as efficient as can be. |
384,333 | Some users have suggested [this](https://gaming.stackexchange.com/q/328386) question and answer, but that asks for an exploit, while I am asking for a way to not encounter this in the first place.
---
Ok, so we all know the infamous words, "too expensive". I think everyone who has played Minecraft knows what these words mean, and for those who don't, I'd advise you to try and not hit those words, because it makes your life harder. So I was looking around the Internet, and I found out that the anvil hits a certain level cap. And I'm trying to enchant my bow, but I don't know how to avoid those words. Is there a certain way to enchant a weapon so it doesn't become "too expensive"?
For those players who don't know what "too expensive" means, it's when you hit a certain upgrade cap (I don't really know what it's call, so ima call it upgrade cap) on an anvil. So when you use an anvil, each time you enchant a weapon of your chose, the XP requirement will keep getting higher until you hit the "too expensive mark. Even if you have enough XP, it will still say "too expensive", so enchant you gear WISELY. | 2021/04/06 | [
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/questions/384333",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/users/269825/"
] | I'm not sure if this is the best way, but it's how I avoid it.
Every act of enchanting adds an enchantment level to an item, every time you enchant *or repair* an item with a higher level. it becomes more expensive. I know of two things to avoid this
Start with good enchantments, don't work a fortune I into fortune II into fortune III
that takes too many enchantments, get a fortune III to start with, and add something else that's good.
second, the most important part, the game enchants to the highest enchantment level of an item +1. What you can do is start with a pickaxe that already has at least one high level enchantment on it and add a book to that. Your pickaxe is now Enchantment level(EC) 2, Second. Get the next enchantment book, and enchant another book on that book, That book now has two enchantments and is level 2. Add that book to your pickaxe, making your EC3.
Next you can make a level three book and add that. And so on until you hit that "too expensive" level. However with some good enchanted books you can end up with some extremely good gear before reaching that limit.
so in short: start with good enchantments, combine enchanted books to the same level as the item you're enchanting before using them on that item. | combine books in an orderly fashion, if you are trying to make a sharpness 5, fire aspect 3, unbreakable 3, mending 1 sword then mix the sharpness and fire aspect books, then the unbreaking and mending books, then put one book on the sword then the other...
-- should work -- |
384,333 | Some users have suggested [this](https://gaming.stackexchange.com/q/328386) question and answer, but that asks for an exploit, while I am asking for a way to not encounter this in the first place.
---
Ok, so we all know the infamous words, "too expensive". I think everyone who has played Minecraft knows what these words mean, and for those who don't, I'd advise you to try and not hit those words, because it makes your life harder. So I was looking around the Internet, and I found out that the anvil hits a certain level cap. And I'm trying to enchant my bow, but I don't know how to avoid those words. Is there a certain way to enchant a weapon so it doesn't become "too expensive"?
For those players who don't know what "too expensive" means, it's when you hit a certain upgrade cap (I don't really know what it's call, so ima call it upgrade cap) on an anvil. So when you use an anvil, each time you enchant a weapon of your chose, the XP requirement will keep getting higher until you hit the "too expensive mark. Even if you have enough XP, it will still say "too expensive", so enchant you gear WISELY. | 2021/04/06 | [
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/questions/384333",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/users/269825/"
] | [Is there an optimum enchantment strategy in Minecraft?](https://gaming.stackexchange.com/questions/254360/is-there-an-optimum-enchantment-strategy-in-minecraft?rq=1) is an easy way to do so, this makes the enchanting process as efficient as can be. | combine books in an orderly fashion, if you are trying to make a sharpness 5, fire aspect 3, unbreakable 3, mending 1 sword then mix the sharpness and fire aspect books, then the unbreaking and mending books, then put one book on the sword then the other...
-- should work -- |
7,224,972 | I'm a J2ME developer. I kind of see J2ME fading out in a few years. I wanted to know what would be a better platform to start learning now so I'm prepared in the future?
It seems like iPhone is the hot thing right now. Android is moving in pretty close, especially since Google just bought Motorola. Windows Mobile might pick up too I guess since they are working hard with Nokia in their partnership.
What would you recommend I start learning? | 2011/08/29 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/7224972",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/-1/"
] | I would recommend Android (based on the information you put in the question)
Pro's
* Programming Language you are comfortable with.
* Support for Development Tools/Environment you may use (Eclipse, ant etc...) which run on Linux/MacOS/Win
* Low/No Cost to Get started (depending on whether you want to purchase a handset
* Has many similar paradigms which map to WP7, and iPhone
* Large, active community (esp. on Stackoverflow) - developing third party libraries
Cons
* Android is a large framework, often with a large number of good ways to solve a problem (sometimes its bewildering to figure out how the 'best' way to accomplish something is...
* Complexity/Diversity of Handset market - Many different Android devices are out in the marketplace and have vastly different specifications, and Android OS versions - This makes developing a little more complex (especially if you are trying to provide a uniform experience to a wide audience) (though Android does provide support for this) | IDC and Gartner predicted that Windows Phone would be the number two smart phone worldwide by 2015 (just behind Android). So, one of those could be a good idea. I personally love the iPhone but I'm concerned more now (without Jobs) about it's future. |
7,224,972 | I'm a J2ME developer. I kind of see J2ME fading out in a few years. I wanted to know what would be a better platform to start learning now so I'm prepared in the future?
It seems like iPhone is the hot thing right now. Android is moving in pretty close, especially since Google just bought Motorola. Windows Mobile might pick up too I guess since they are working hard with Nokia in their partnership.
What would you recommend I start learning? | 2011/08/29 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/7224972",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/-1/"
] | If you look at the larger picture, learning iOS development means being able to deploy to the iPhone, iPod touch, and iPad. On both the Android and WP7 front, there are few or no popular devices like the Touch or even the iPad (there are some Android tablets but none are selling very well).
Another thing to consider is the pricing model you are most interested in. If you plan to charge money for an application instead of using ads to support it, that model works better on iOS. | IDC and Gartner predicted that Windows Phone would be the number two smart phone worldwide by 2015 (just behind Android). So, one of those could be a good idea. I personally love the iPhone but I'm concerned more now (without Jobs) about it's future. |
7,224,972 | I'm a J2ME developer. I kind of see J2ME fading out in a few years. I wanted to know what would be a better platform to start learning now so I'm prepared in the future?
It seems like iPhone is the hot thing right now. Android is moving in pretty close, especially since Google just bought Motorola. Windows Mobile might pick up too I guess since they are working hard with Nokia in their partnership.
What would you recommend I start learning? | 2011/08/29 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/7224972",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/-1/"
] | I would recommend Android (based on the information you put in the question)
Pro's
* Programming Language you are comfortable with.
* Support for Development Tools/Environment you may use (Eclipse, ant etc...) which run on Linux/MacOS/Win
* Low/No Cost to Get started (depending on whether you want to purchase a handset
* Has many similar paradigms which map to WP7, and iPhone
* Large, active community (esp. on Stackoverflow) - developing third party libraries
Cons
* Android is a large framework, often with a large number of good ways to solve a problem (sometimes its bewildering to figure out how the 'best' way to accomplish something is...
* Complexity/Diversity of Handset market - Many different Android devices are out in the marketplace and have vastly different specifications, and Android OS versions - This makes developing a little more complex (especially if you are trying to provide a uniform experience to a wide audience) (though Android does provide support for this) | If you look at the larger picture, learning iOS development means being able to deploy to the iPhone, iPod touch, and iPad. On both the Android and WP7 front, there are few or no popular devices like the Touch or even the iPad (there are some Android tablets but none are selling very well).
Another thing to consider is the pricing model you are most interested in. If you plan to charge money for an application instead of using ads to support it, that model works better on iOS. |
27,292 | I am building a wall that is 10.5' long and 28" high. There will also be side walls sloping down from both corners to enclose a patio. I would like to use blocks that are 15" wide, 5" tall and 8" deep, but there is no lip and it is concerning. There is about 6' of soil between my house and where the gravel backfill would begin and there is a very slight slope. Would construction adhesive between the blocks be sufficient for support along with the proper backfill and drainage? | 2013/04/26 | [
"https://diy.stackexchange.com/questions/27292",
"https://diy.stackexchange.com",
"https://diy.stackexchange.com/users/12705/"
] | If i understand the question, you want to use these blocks to create a retaining wall for your patio? the patio will be enclosed by these walls?
A 28" wall made from solid block is fairly heavy and might settle if not built on a footing or well compacted gravel base. You didn't mention what part of the country you are in. If you are in an area with ground frost, a footing becomes even more important. Seasonal movement can be substantial.
At 6 blocks tall, I would not recommend masonry adhesive. I think you should consider using mortar instead. Adhesive is fine for caps or just a couple of courses, but six interlocking courses should have mortar and possibly vertical re-bar if you want it to last more than a season or two.
Another consideration is the drop off height. 28 inches is a substantial drop. You should design some sort of railing or barrier so you or your guests don't step off a 3 foot drop to a broken leg or neck during a festive BBQ. Since I always cook with beer, it would be a concern to me!!!! | First the blocks you are describing seem plenty big enough for a 28" wall. You are talking about 7 blocks high. I would personally use a taller block but I like making the install go easy. Smaller blocks I believe are more work.
I have used [LIQUID NAILS® Landscape Block, Stone & Timber Adhesive](http://www.liquidnails.com/products/landscape-wall-adhesive-LN905)
However I only glue the caps (top layer to the second to top layer). The other layers shouldn't need it. Either way the glue will last only a few years if you are in a temperate climate.
I also would not install blocks without a lip for any area that will be walked on that is that high. Having a lip or not really matters with the amount of frost your region has and the amount of traffic in the area. |
8,359 | I think we should highlight a question each week that represents the best of what we would consider the *gestalt* of our site, Software Engineering. Questions that are well-written, interesting, reasonably-scoped, and illustrate the kind of subject matter we'd like to see on the website.
I think this would serve several purposes (increasing question quality is one), but mostly I'd like to be able to point newcomers to such a list as clear examples of what our site is all about.
**Here is my first nomination:**
[My office wants infinite branch merges as policy; what other options do we have?](https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/338436) | 2016/12/19 | [
"https://softwareengineering.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/8359",
"https://softwareengineering.meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://softwareengineering.meta.stackexchange.com/users/1204/"
] | The questions which are most welcome here are those which come from real software projects, related to real problems which arise inside the project. It does not matter if it is a commercial project, or a hobby project, or if the topic of the project is very specialized, as long as it is an answerable, on-topic question with a reasonable focus.
Opposed to these kind of questions, questions which tell " I just asked for curiosity" or "I have seen this [vague description] two or three times, is there a name for it", or "I have this [vague idea] for a project X, can someone give me a concept for this", which do not address real world problems of the OP, are regularly closed as either beeing too broad or too opinionated.
So don't feel bad about your questions because their lack of generality - this site suffers much more from questions which are too general for it's Q&A format than from questions which are too specific. And who knows, just because you think a topic is unlikely for helping future visitors, some of those future visitors may think differently about it. | Of your 9 non-deleted questions, all of them have a net positive score and none of them are closed. Two of them are also marked as a favorite question by at least 1 person, with one being marked as a favorite by 3 people. Most of the questions have a solid view count - the lowest one (and also the most recent) has 50 views, and several have over 150 views.
If your question was too specific to be interesting or helpful to other people, I would expect that they would not be up voted, be getting answers, or would remain open. |
8,359 | I think we should highlight a question each week that represents the best of what we would consider the *gestalt* of our site, Software Engineering. Questions that are well-written, interesting, reasonably-scoped, and illustrate the kind of subject matter we'd like to see on the website.
I think this would serve several purposes (increasing question quality is one), but mostly I'd like to be able to point newcomers to such a list as clear examples of what our site is all about.
**Here is my first nomination:**
[My office wants infinite branch merges as policy; what other options do we have?](https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/338436) | 2016/12/19 | [
"https://softwareengineering.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/8359",
"https://softwareengineering.meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://softwareengineering.meta.stackexchange.com/users/1204/"
] | The questions which are most welcome here are those which come from real software projects, related to real problems which arise inside the project. It does not matter if it is a commercial project, or a hobby project, or if the topic of the project is very specialized, as long as it is an answerable, on-topic question with a reasonable focus.
Opposed to these kind of questions, questions which tell " I just asked for curiosity" or "I have seen this [vague description] two or three times, is there a name for it", or "I have this [vague idea] for a project X, can someone give me a concept for this", which do not address real world problems of the OP, are regularly closed as either beeing too broad or too opinionated.
So don't feel bad about your questions because their lack of generality - this site suffers much more from questions which are too general for it's Q&A format than from questions which are too specific. And who knows, just because you think a topic is unlikely for helping future visitors, some of those future visitors may think differently about it. | [](https://xkcd.com/979/) |
156,705 | My nan's iPad volume isn't working. She asked me why and I'm not sure why it could be as the volume is turned up and she can hear her music but she goes on to Snapchat and she can't hear anything but when she uses her headset she can hear. | 2014/11/16 | [
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/156705",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/users/100964/"
] | Did you tried to perform a power cycle?
To power cycle the iPad, hold the power switch down for 10 seconds until the power off slider appears on the front of the phone, you must continue to hold the top switch as you operate the power off slider. Wait a minute and turn the iPad back on with the switch.
If you are still experiencing problems, I would backup and reset the iPad to test it. Do the following:
* Plug your iPad on your computer.
* On iTunes → Your iPad → Sumary → Back Up Now.
* Once done, on your iPad go to Settings → General → Reset → Reset All Content And Settings.
* Test it.
If works, restore the previous backup on iTunes → Your iPad → Sumary → Restore Backup...
If does not work, perform a power cycle and test again.
If after the reset and power cycle, still does not work, is a hardware issue and you must take it to an Apple Store. | I was having the same problem all you have to do is unplug your iPad if it's plugged in |
156,705 | My nan's iPad volume isn't working. She asked me why and I'm not sure why it could be as the volume is turned up and she can hear her music but she goes on to Snapchat and she can't hear anything but when she uses her headset she can hear. | 2014/11/16 | [
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/156705",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/users/100964/"
] | Did you tried to perform a power cycle?
To power cycle the iPad, hold the power switch down for 10 seconds until the power off slider appears on the front of the phone, you must continue to hold the top switch as you operate the power off slider. Wait a minute and turn the iPad back on with the switch.
If you are still experiencing problems, I would backup and reset the iPad to test it. Do the following:
* Plug your iPad on your computer.
* On iTunes → Your iPad → Sumary → Back Up Now.
* Once done, on your iPad go to Settings → General → Reset → Reset All Content And Settings.
* Test it.
If works, restore the previous backup on iTunes → Your iPad → Sumary → Restore Backup...
If does not work, perform a power cycle and test again.
If after the reset and power cycle, still does not work, is a hardware issue and you must take it to an Apple Store. | Try restarting the iPad. That should fix most problems. |
156,705 | My nan's iPad volume isn't working. She asked me why and I'm not sure why it could be as the volume is turned up and she can hear her music but she goes on to Snapchat and she can't hear anything but when she uses her headset she can hear. | 2014/11/16 | [
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/156705",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/users/100964/"
] | Did you tried to perform a power cycle?
To power cycle the iPad, hold the power switch down for 10 seconds until the power off slider appears on the front of the phone, you must continue to hold the top switch as you operate the power off slider. Wait a minute and turn the iPad back on with the switch.
If you are still experiencing problems, I would backup and reset the iPad to test it. Do the following:
* Plug your iPad on your computer.
* On iTunes → Your iPad → Sumary → Back Up Now.
* Once done, on your iPad go to Settings → General → Reset → Reset All Content And Settings.
* Test it.
If works, restore the previous backup on iTunes → Your iPad → Sumary → Restore Backup...
If does not work, perform a power cycle and test again.
If after the reset and power cycle, still does not work, is a hardware issue and you must take it to an Apple Store. | Turn the device off and on again it should work or if that doesn't work take it into your nearest Apple Store they will be able to help |
156,705 | My nan's iPad volume isn't working. She asked me why and I'm not sure why it could be as the volume is turned up and she can hear her music but she goes on to Snapchat and she can't hear anything but when she uses her headset she can hear. | 2014/11/16 | [
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/156705",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/users/100964/"
] | Can she change the volume with the buttons on the side?
If so, it should have to do with the other side button (which is set to either rotation lock or mute/unmute ringtone in the settings app) being set to mute/unmute ringtone and being switched to mute. Try flipping that button, it should fix it :).
If not, I have no idea or advice. | Try restarting the iPad. That should fix most problems. |
156,705 | My nan's iPad volume isn't working. She asked me why and I'm not sure why it could be as the volume is turned up and she can hear her music but she goes on to Snapchat and she can't hear anything but when she uses her headset she can hear. | 2014/11/16 | [
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/156705",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/users/100964/"
] | Did you tried to perform a power cycle?
To power cycle the iPad, hold the power switch down for 10 seconds until the power off slider appears on the front of the phone, you must continue to hold the top switch as you operate the power off slider. Wait a minute and turn the iPad back on with the switch.
If you are still experiencing problems, I would backup and reset the iPad to test it. Do the following:
* Plug your iPad on your computer.
* On iTunes → Your iPad → Sumary → Back Up Now.
* Once done, on your iPad go to Settings → General → Reset → Reset All Content And Settings.
* Test it.
If works, restore the previous backup on iTunes → Your iPad → Sumary → Restore Backup...
If does not work, perform a power cycle and test again.
If after the reset and power cycle, still does not work, is a hardware issue and you must take it to an Apple Store. | I have an iPad 2 and my volume wasn't working. I couldn't figure it out until I thought of unplugging it from the charger. Possibly your iPad's volume isn't working because you have it plugged in to your charger. |
156,705 | My nan's iPad volume isn't working. She asked me why and I'm not sure why it could be as the volume is turned up and she can hear her music but she goes on to Snapchat and she can't hear anything but when she uses her headset she can hear. | 2014/11/16 | [
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/156705",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/users/100964/"
] | Can she change the volume with the buttons on the side?
If so, it should have to do with the other side button (which is set to either rotation lock or mute/unmute ringtone in the settings app) being set to mute/unmute ringtone and being switched to mute. Try flipping that button, it should fix it :).
If not, I have no idea or advice. | I was having the same problem all you have to do is unplug your iPad if it's plugged in |
156,705 | My nan's iPad volume isn't working. She asked me why and I'm not sure why it could be as the volume is turned up and she can hear her music but she goes on to Snapchat and she can't hear anything but when she uses her headset she can hear. | 2014/11/16 | [
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/156705",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/users/100964/"
] | Can she change the volume with the buttons on the side?
If so, it should have to do with the other side button (which is set to either rotation lock or mute/unmute ringtone in the settings app) being set to mute/unmute ringtone and being switched to mute. Try flipping that button, it should fix it :).
If not, I have no idea or advice. | Did you tried to perform a power cycle?
To power cycle the iPad, hold the power switch down for 10 seconds until the power off slider appears on the front of the phone, you must continue to hold the top switch as you operate the power off slider. Wait a minute and turn the iPad back on with the switch.
If you are still experiencing problems, I would backup and reset the iPad to test it. Do the following:
* Plug your iPad on your computer.
* On iTunes → Your iPad → Sumary → Back Up Now.
* Once done, on your iPad go to Settings → General → Reset → Reset All Content And Settings.
* Test it.
If works, restore the previous backup on iTunes → Your iPad → Sumary → Restore Backup...
If does not work, perform a power cycle and test again.
If after the reset and power cycle, still does not work, is a hardware issue and you must take it to an Apple Store. |
156,705 | My nan's iPad volume isn't working. She asked me why and I'm not sure why it could be as the volume is turned up and she can hear her music but she goes on to Snapchat and she can't hear anything but when she uses her headset she can hear. | 2014/11/16 | [
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/156705",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/users/100964/"
] | I have an iPad 2 and my volume wasn't working. I couldn't figure it out until I thought of unplugging it from the charger. Possibly your iPad's volume isn't working because you have it plugged in to your charger. | I was having the same problem all you have to do is unplug your iPad if it's plugged in |
156,705 | My nan's iPad volume isn't working. She asked me why and I'm not sure why it could be as the volume is turned up and she can hear her music but she goes on to Snapchat and she can't hear anything but when she uses her headset she can hear. | 2014/11/16 | [
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/156705",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/users/100964/"
] | I have an iPad 2 and my volume wasn't working. I couldn't figure it out until I thought of unplugging it from the charger. Possibly your iPad's volume isn't working because you have it plugged in to your charger. | Turn the device off and on again it should work or if that doesn't work take it into your nearest Apple Store they will be able to help |
156,705 | My nan's iPad volume isn't working. She asked me why and I'm not sure why it could be as the volume is turned up and she can hear her music but she goes on to Snapchat and she can't hear anything but when she uses her headset she can hear. | 2014/11/16 | [
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/156705",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/users/100964/"
] | Can she change the volume with the buttons on the side?
If so, it should have to do with the other side button (which is set to either rotation lock or mute/unmute ringtone in the settings app) being set to mute/unmute ringtone and being switched to mute. Try flipping that button, it should fix it :).
If not, I have no idea or advice. | I have an iPad 2 and my volume wasn't working. I couldn't figure it out until I thought of unplugging it from the charger. Possibly your iPad's volume isn't working because you have it plugged in to your charger. |
73,046 | I want to identify a short story that inspired a Hellboy tale. The story *[Double Feature of Evil](https://hellboy.wikia.com/wiki/Double_Feature_of_Evil)*, by Mike Mignola (drawn by Richard Corben) features the short stories "Sullivan's Reward" and "The House of Sebek". Mignola says about *Sullivan's Reward* that it:
>
> [...] owes a lot to a very strange short story by Belgian writer Jean Ray (1887-1964)-at least I think it does.
>
>
>
He claims not to remember the name of the story, but Mignola claims that he is positive the story is from Jean Ray.
In this story Hellboy meets a guy called Sullivan, who confesses to being a murderer. The thing is that he hasn't killed anyone; it is *his house* who does it.
Sullivan explains that due to his addiction to alcohol he lost everything (family, job, etc.) until one day a stranger who looked like a lawyer gives him the keys to a house and a lot of legal papers. When he visits this house he finds a skeleton in one of the rooms and then suddenly three gold coins fall from downstairs, despite the guy is alone in the house. He buries the skeleton in the back yard.
After receiving the legal papers Sullivan loses interest in alcohol, but the first night sleeping at the house he has strange dreams, the craving comes back and he starts
>
> luring homeless people, shambling drunks and prostitues into the room where he found the skeleton. Each time one is locked in that room he receives three gold coins and the next morning a skeleton is all that is left from them in the room.
>
>
>
In this tale there is also an ominous picture of an old man, of whom Sullivan says
>
> "I've gotten it into my head that he built this house and that he came by his money in some bad way."
>
>
>
At the end of the story Sullivan
>
> locks Hellboy in the room. When he asks for his payment a massive pile of gold coins crushes Sullivan.
>
>
>
I have been trying to find the original story, but despite some of Jean Ray's stories having old houses as important elements of the story (*Malpertius*, *Maison à Vendre* ["House for Sale"], etc.) not many details match the
>
> man-eating house that rewards the owner with three gold coins per victim element.
>
>
>
Since this Hellboy tale is just *inspired* by Jean Ray's, the original may or may not contain all of these elements. Mignola definitely gave it his touch. Or maybe I'm not conducting my research properly.
I would appreciate any help identifying the original Jean Ray story. | 2014/11/19 | [
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/73046",
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com",
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com/users/32339/"
] | Mignola was right : this is a tale from the great and late Jean Ray. The short story is called '**[Storchhaus ou La Maison des Cigognes](https://www.noosfere.org/icarus/livres/EditionsLivre.asp?ID_ItemSommaire=20522)**' (House of the Storks). It is difficult to find because it was not released in any "official" book by Ray. It only can be found in '**[Les 25 meilleurs histoires noires et fantastiques](http://jeanray.noosfere.org/25best.htm)**' by Marabout.
As I am Belgian I don't know much about English printings of Ray's work but this is definitely the tale you're looking for.
*Storchhaus ou La Maison des Cigognes* is the story of Bill Cockspur who came by a key to a house. He gets rid of a previous owner who tried to kill him and throw his body through a door that lead to a strange flesh-like room. A few minutes after the room vomits the remnants of the owner. All is gone but bones. Then dozens of coins start to roll down the staircase.
Later Cockspur feeds another victim to the house but then goes seek the help of a captain friend of him (which happens to be the narrator): if the house gives him coins there must be a treasure somewhere. He asks the captain to help him find the treasure without having to feed the house. But meanwhile they both fall for the same girl and posptone the treasure hunt. Desperate for money Cockspur pushes the girl in the flesh room. The captain recognizes the girl's clothes on her skeleton and fights Cocksure, who ends up in the room as well. In the end the narrator sets the house on fire. | ### Having reviewed a number of translations and websites reviewing Jean Ray's work, there does not appear to be any single tale which relates to a house as a maleficent entry trading lives for gold as it does in Sullivan's Reward.
* However, what Mignola might have done was to have translated Ray's tone and tenor for the nature of old and potentially terrifying houses which Ray's works were famous for. The very tone of the piece is rich with the nature of Jean Ray's tales of ordinary people in extraordinary circumstances, another hallmark of his work.
* Malpertius is the strongest of those tales filled with magically bound gods in human form, dimensional tesseracts in the basement, and foreboding replete in every corner. In Sullivan's Reward, the house is revealed to have the power to coerce a human into bringing it souls.
* The horror is that eventually Sullivan succumbs to the dark force believing it cares for him and will reward him handsomely for a soul as incredible as Hellboy's. Hellboy proves too much for the summoned entity and the house rejects him trying to force him to leave. At this point the tale departs from Ray's style of subtle confrontation of divine or infernal forces and becomes all Mignola's bull-in-a-China-shop Hellboy.
Mignola's tale borrows from the atmosphere, the insistence of meeting for a meal (common in Ray's stories), the use of ordinary people as protagonists and the weird and unexplained as antagonists. He also had the inclusion of a supernatural house which mirrored more than one tale in Jean Ray's work and was reminiscent of Ray's love and hatred for his childhood home. |
164,581 | How many unique vertex transitive polyhedra exist where each vertex has 3 incident edges
for polyhedra with n (= # faces) > 3 ? | 2014/04/28 | [
"https://mathoverflow.net/questions/164581",
"https://mathoverflow.net",
"https://mathoverflow.net/users/50110/"
] | The complete list of vertex transitive planar graphs was determined in 1979 by Fleischner and Imrich. See [here](http://dml.cz/bitstream/handle/10338.dmlcz/131785/MathSlov_29-1979-2_1.pdf). To quote:
Theorem 3. The connected, simple, planar vertex-transitive graphs are the single
vertex, the single edge, simple circuits and the nets of the uniform convex
polyhedra, namely the nets of regular prisms and antiprisms, the Platonic and the
Archimedian bodies. | See
MR0130841 (24 #A695) Reviewed
Tutte, W. T.
A census of planar triangulations.
Canad. J. Math. 14 1962 21–38.
05.65 (52.45) |
114,783 | There is a verse from a children's song:
>
> Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday –
> Seven days are in a week, I like to sing them quiet.
>
>
>
Why is the adjective "quiet" used instead of the adverb "quietly" here? | 2017/01/07 | [
"https://ell.stackexchange.com/questions/114783",
"https://ell.stackexchange.com",
"https://ell.stackexchange.com/users/44895/"
] | Quiet.
5. Out of public scrutiny; known or discussed by few:
>
> wanted to keep the incident quiet until after the election
>
>
>
I think this meaning corresponds to your example.
>
> I like to sing them quiet (let it be our secret)
>
>
> | Edit: OK. I didn't know the song, and figured it might be a lullaby, in which case the answer below would make sense.
Compare
>
> She sang the baby *asleep*.
>
>
>
The action of singing put the baby into a state of sleep.
The complement of the verb is someone or something acted upon and the state that action puts the person or thing into.
>
> He hammered the nail *flush*.
>
>
> |
65,525 | So, I wish to polymorph one object into another. But neither *Polymorph* nor *True Polymorph* say anything about casting it on an object and transforming it into another object, so how could it be possible?
Specifically, a son of a local noble and the girl he loves are running away together and I'm trying to help them have a Cinderella-like story ending. I am playing a druid so I can wildshape into a horse, and my funds let me buy fine clothes for her, so the last thing that is left is to transform a pumpkin into a carriage. | 2015/07/31 | [
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/questions/65525",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/users/14755/"
] | It's weirdly difficult, probably because it isn't something the designers thought anyone would particularly want to do.
Your best bet is probably a carefully worded *Wish*, and the hope that this being an extremely low-power use of *Wish* the DM won't twist it on you.
However, there is one explicit way - be a 14th level Wizard of the Transmutation school. Then, spend 8 hours creating a transmuter's stone, and another 10 minutes using the Major Transformation ability. This will allow you to turn one object no larger than a 5-foot cube into another object of similar size and mass and equal or lesser value.
And yes, this is ridiculously restrictive. And it's bizarre that this appears to be the only way, which is why I suspect this isn't something the creators of the game thought anyone would care about.
Even more restricted alternatives include:
* *Fabricate*, which allows you to turn raw materials into finished objects.
* *Stone Shape*, which allows you to turn something made of stone into something else made of stone.
For the specific case of making pumpkin carriages, there's a spell that should work for you - *Creation*. You'll need to cast it out of a fairly high-level slot to create a full-sized carriage, but if *True Polymorph* is on the menu this shouldn't be a problem. Pumpkin is quite definitely vegetable matter, so it should last a day; plenty of time to get Cinderella to and from the ball. Of course, 100gp would get you a mundane, ordinary carriage, so you could just do that. Alternatively, *Wish* can create pretty much any nonmagical object, so you could do that too. | >
> Choose one creature or nonmagical object that you can see within range. You transform the creature into a different creature, the creature into an object, or the object into a creature. (PHB p.283)
>
>
>
Given the enumeration of these three possibilities it's clear that the fourth, object->object, is not allowed by the polymorph spells, RAW.
I think the only wiggle room that you have with your DM is the often-arising clause about "whatever it is wearing and carrying... [transforms] into that form." You may be able to argue that permitting your intent, but it's an edgy RAI question, not RAW. |
65,525 | So, I wish to polymorph one object into another. But neither *Polymorph* nor *True Polymorph* say anything about casting it on an object and transforming it into another object, so how could it be possible?
Specifically, a son of a local noble and the girl he loves are running away together and I'm trying to help them have a Cinderella-like story ending. I am playing a druid so I can wildshape into a horse, and my funds let me buy fine clothes for her, so the last thing that is left is to transform a pumpkin into a carriage. | 2015/07/31 | [
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/questions/65525",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/users/14755/"
] | It's weirdly difficult, probably because it isn't something the designers thought anyone would particularly want to do.
Your best bet is probably a carefully worded *Wish*, and the hope that this being an extremely low-power use of *Wish* the DM won't twist it on you.
However, there is one explicit way - be a 14th level Wizard of the Transmutation school. Then, spend 8 hours creating a transmuter's stone, and another 10 minutes using the Major Transformation ability. This will allow you to turn one object no larger than a 5-foot cube into another object of similar size and mass and equal or lesser value.
And yes, this is ridiculously restrictive. And it's bizarre that this appears to be the only way, which is why I suspect this isn't something the creators of the game thought anyone would care about.
Even more restricted alternatives include:
* *Fabricate*, which allows you to turn raw materials into finished objects.
* *Stone Shape*, which allows you to turn something made of stone into something else made of stone.
For the specific case of making pumpkin carriages, there's a spell that should work for you - *Creation*. You'll need to cast it out of a fairly high-level slot to create a full-sized carriage, but if *True Polymorph* is on the menu this shouldn't be a problem. Pumpkin is quite definitely vegetable matter, so it should last a day; plenty of time to get Cinderella to and from the ball. Of course, 100gp would get you a mundane, ordinary carriage, so you could just do that. Alternatively, *Wish* can create pretty much any nonmagical object, so you could do that too. | Or you polymorph a rat or other random creature into the pumpkin carriage and forgo the mundane one. |
65,525 | So, I wish to polymorph one object into another. But neither *Polymorph* nor *True Polymorph* say anything about casting it on an object and transforming it into another object, so how could it be possible?
Specifically, a son of a local noble and the girl he loves are running away together and I'm trying to help them have a Cinderella-like story ending. I am playing a druid so I can wildshape into a horse, and my funds let me buy fine clothes for her, so the last thing that is left is to transform a pumpkin into a carriage. | 2015/07/31 | [
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/questions/65525",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/users/14755/"
] | It's weirdly difficult, probably because it isn't something the designers thought anyone would particularly want to do.
Your best bet is probably a carefully worded *Wish*, and the hope that this being an extremely low-power use of *Wish* the DM won't twist it on you.
However, there is one explicit way - be a 14th level Wizard of the Transmutation school. Then, spend 8 hours creating a transmuter's stone, and another 10 minutes using the Major Transformation ability. This will allow you to turn one object no larger than a 5-foot cube into another object of similar size and mass and equal or lesser value.
And yes, this is ridiculously restrictive. And it's bizarre that this appears to be the only way, which is why I suspect this isn't something the creators of the game thought anyone would care about.
Even more restricted alternatives include:
* *Fabricate*, which allows you to turn raw materials into finished objects.
* *Stone Shape*, which allows you to turn something made of stone into something else made of stone.
For the specific case of making pumpkin carriages, there's a spell that should work for you - *Creation*. You'll need to cast it out of a fairly high-level slot to create a full-sized carriage, but if *True Polymorph* is on the menu this shouldn't be a problem. Pumpkin is quite definitely vegetable matter, so it should last a day; plenty of time to get Cinderella to and from the ball. Of course, 100gp would get you a mundane, ordinary carriage, so you could just do that. Alternatively, *Wish* can create pretty much any nonmagical object, so you could do that too. | RAW doesn't allow you to make a direct Object→Object Polymorph, but you could achieve it with an indirect one.
If somehow you are able to cast 2 True Polymorph spells (2 casters or 2 different days) you can do it in 2 steps: **pumpkin→creature→carriage**, since Object→Creature can be permanent, and nothing prevents you from Polymorphing a Polymorphed traget. I would rule it needs to be permament for it to work though.
A second, less RAW solution would be to convince your GM that a living pumpkin counts as a Creature.
However, the transformation will only last for 1 hour. |
65,525 | So, I wish to polymorph one object into another. But neither *Polymorph* nor *True Polymorph* say anything about casting it on an object and transforming it into another object, so how could it be possible?
Specifically, a son of a local noble and the girl he loves are running away together and I'm trying to help them have a Cinderella-like story ending. I am playing a druid so I can wildshape into a horse, and my funds let me buy fine clothes for her, so the last thing that is left is to transform a pumpkin into a carriage. | 2015/07/31 | [
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/questions/65525",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/users/14755/"
] | It's weirdly difficult, probably because it isn't something the designers thought anyone would particularly want to do.
Your best bet is probably a carefully worded *Wish*, and the hope that this being an extremely low-power use of *Wish* the DM won't twist it on you.
However, there is one explicit way - be a 14th level Wizard of the Transmutation school. Then, spend 8 hours creating a transmuter's stone, and another 10 minutes using the Major Transformation ability. This will allow you to turn one object no larger than a 5-foot cube into another object of similar size and mass and equal or lesser value.
And yes, this is ridiculously restrictive. And it's bizarre that this appears to be the only way, which is why I suspect this isn't something the creators of the game thought anyone would care about.
Even more restricted alternatives include:
* *Fabricate*, which allows you to turn raw materials into finished objects.
* *Stone Shape*, which allows you to turn something made of stone into something else made of stone.
For the specific case of making pumpkin carriages, there's a spell that should work for you - *Creation*. You'll need to cast it out of a fairly high-level slot to create a full-sized carriage, but if *True Polymorph* is on the menu this shouldn't be a problem. Pumpkin is quite definitely vegetable matter, so it should last a day; plenty of time to get Cinderella to and from the ball. Of course, 100gp would get you a mundane, ordinary carriage, so you could just do that. Alternatively, *Wish* can create pretty much any nonmagical object, so you could do that too. | Awaken the pumpkin first
------------------------
As the other answers have correctly stated, the *true polymorph* spell does not permit object-to-object transformations.
However, you can achieve what you want through the addition of one more spell, which is much lower level than *true polymorph* and which is fortunately for you on the druid spell list. It is a fifth level spell, so you will need to be level 9 in druid to cast it, but if you cannot, and you have the funds to pay for *true polymorph*, I assume you could pay for this as well.
Find the best pumpkin in your local pumpkin patch and cast *[Awaken](https://www.dndbeyond.com/spells/awaken)*:
>
> ...you touch a Huge or smaller beast or plant. The target must have either no Intelligence score or an Intelligence of 3 or less. The target gains an Intelligence of 10...If the target is a plant, it gains the ability to move its limbs, roots, vines, creepers, and so forth, and it gains senses similar to a human's. Your GM chooses statistics appropriate for the awakened plant...The awakened beast or plant is charmed by you for 30 days or until you or your companions do anything harmful to it.
>
>
>
The *Awaken* spell will let you transform a normal pumpkin plant object into a sentient pumpkin plant creature. Once it is a creature, you can then use *true polymorph* to turn it into a carriage (object).
However, note that *true polymorph* permits a Wisdom save for unwilling creatures, and you surely do not want to blow a 9th level cast on a lucky Wis save. When you have awakened the pumpkin, spend some time talking to it in your shared language. Explain to it how important its role of carriage is to the happiness of the couple, and how you just need it to be an object for one hour before it reverts to being a sentient pumpkin again. Hopefully you can convince it to allow you to make it into a carriage through role-play, but if your DM insists that some sort of Cha check is required to move it to 'willing', remember that it is *charmed* by you and you have advantage on the check. |
65,525 | So, I wish to polymorph one object into another. But neither *Polymorph* nor *True Polymorph* say anything about casting it on an object and transforming it into another object, so how could it be possible?
Specifically, a son of a local noble and the girl he loves are running away together and I'm trying to help them have a Cinderella-like story ending. I am playing a druid so I can wildshape into a horse, and my funds let me buy fine clothes for her, so the last thing that is left is to transform a pumpkin into a carriage. | 2015/07/31 | [
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/questions/65525",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/users/14755/"
] | >
> Choose one creature or nonmagical object that you can see within range. You transform the creature into a different creature, the creature into an object, or the object into a creature. (PHB p.283)
>
>
>
Given the enumeration of these three possibilities it's clear that the fourth, object->object, is not allowed by the polymorph spells, RAW.
I think the only wiggle room that you have with your DM is the often-arising clause about "whatever it is wearing and carrying... [transforms] into that form." You may be able to argue that permitting your intent, but it's an edgy RAI question, not RAW. | Or you polymorph a rat or other random creature into the pumpkin carriage and forgo the mundane one. |
65,525 | So, I wish to polymorph one object into another. But neither *Polymorph* nor *True Polymorph* say anything about casting it on an object and transforming it into another object, so how could it be possible?
Specifically, a son of a local noble and the girl he loves are running away together and I'm trying to help them have a Cinderella-like story ending. I am playing a druid so I can wildshape into a horse, and my funds let me buy fine clothes for her, so the last thing that is left is to transform a pumpkin into a carriage. | 2015/07/31 | [
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/questions/65525",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/users/14755/"
] | RAW doesn't allow you to make a direct Object→Object Polymorph, but you could achieve it with an indirect one.
If somehow you are able to cast 2 True Polymorph spells (2 casters or 2 different days) you can do it in 2 steps: **pumpkin→creature→carriage**, since Object→Creature can be permanent, and nothing prevents you from Polymorphing a Polymorphed traget. I would rule it needs to be permament for it to work though.
A second, less RAW solution would be to convince your GM that a living pumpkin counts as a Creature.
However, the transformation will only last for 1 hour. | >
> Choose one creature or nonmagical object that you can see within range. You transform the creature into a different creature, the creature into an object, or the object into a creature. (PHB p.283)
>
>
>
Given the enumeration of these three possibilities it's clear that the fourth, object->object, is not allowed by the polymorph spells, RAW.
I think the only wiggle room that you have with your DM is the often-arising clause about "whatever it is wearing and carrying... [transforms] into that form." You may be able to argue that permitting your intent, but it's an edgy RAI question, not RAW. |
65,525 | So, I wish to polymorph one object into another. But neither *Polymorph* nor *True Polymorph* say anything about casting it on an object and transforming it into another object, so how could it be possible?
Specifically, a son of a local noble and the girl he loves are running away together and I'm trying to help them have a Cinderella-like story ending. I am playing a druid so I can wildshape into a horse, and my funds let me buy fine clothes for her, so the last thing that is left is to transform a pumpkin into a carriage. | 2015/07/31 | [
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/questions/65525",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/users/14755/"
] | Awaken the pumpkin first
------------------------
As the other answers have correctly stated, the *true polymorph* spell does not permit object-to-object transformations.
However, you can achieve what you want through the addition of one more spell, which is much lower level than *true polymorph* and which is fortunately for you on the druid spell list. It is a fifth level spell, so you will need to be level 9 in druid to cast it, but if you cannot, and you have the funds to pay for *true polymorph*, I assume you could pay for this as well.
Find the best pumpkin in your local pumpkin patch and cast *[Awaken](https://www.dndbeyond.com/spells/awaken)*:
>
> ...you touch a Huge or smaller beast or plant. The target must have either no Intelligence score or an Intelligence of 3 or less. The target gains an Intelligence of 10...If the target is a plant, it gains the ability to move its limbs, roots, vines, creepers, and so forth, and it gains senses similar to a human's. Your GM chooses statistics appropriate for the awakened plant...The awakened beast or plant is charmed by you for 30 days or until you or your companions do anything harmful to it.
>
>
>
The *Awaken* spell will let you transform a normal pumpkin plant object into a sentient pumpkin plant creature. Once it is a creature, you can then use *true polymorph* to turn it into a carriage (object).
However, note that *true polymorph* permits a Wisdom save for unwilling creatures, and you surely do not want to blow a 9th level cast on a lucky Wis save. When you have awakened the pumpkin, spend some time talking to it in your shared language. Explain to it how important its role of carriage is to the happiness of the couple, and how you just need it to be an object for one hour before it reverts to being a sentient pumpkin again. Hopefully you can convince it to allow you to make it into a carriage through role-play, but if your DM insists that some sort of Cha check is required to move it to 'willing', remember that it is *charmed* by you and you have advantage on the check. | >
> Choose one creature or nonmagical object that you can see within range. You transform the creature into a different creature, the creature into an object, or the object into a creature. (PHB p.283)
>
>
>
Given the enumeration of these three possibilities it's clear that the fourth, object->object, is not allowed by the polymorph spells, RAW.
I think the only wiggle room that you have with your DM is the often-arising clause about "whatever it is wearing and carrying... [transforms] into that form." You may be able to argue that permitting your intent, but it's an edgy RAI question, not RAW. |
65,525 | So, I wish to polymorph one object into another. But neither *Polymorph* nor *True Polymorph* say anything about casting it on an object and transforming it into another object, so how could it be possible?
Specifically, a son of a local noble and the girl he loves are running away together and I'm trying to help them have a Cinderella-like story ending. I am playing a druid so I can wildshape into a horse, and my funds let me buy fine clothes for her, so the last thing that is left is to transform a pumpkin into a carriage. | 2015/07/31 | [
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/questions/65525",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/users/14755/"
] | RAW doesn't allow you to make a direct Object→Object Polymorph, but you could achieve it with an indirect one.
If somehow you are able to cast 2 True Polymorph spells (2 casters or 2 different days) you can do it in 2 steps: **pumpkin→creature→carriage**, since Object→Creature can be permanent, and nothing prevents you from Polymorphing a Polymorphed traget. I would rule it needs to be permament for it to work though.
A second, less RAW solution would be to convince your GM that a living pumpkin counts as a Creature.
However, the transformation will only last for 1 hour. | Or you polymorph a rat or other random creature into the pumpkin carriage and forgo the mundane one. |
65,525 | So, I wish to polymorph one object into another. But neither *Polymorph* nor *True Polymorph* say anything about casting it on an object and transforming it into another object, so how could it be possible?
Specifically, a son of a local noble and the girl he loves are running away together and I'm trying to help them have a Cinderella-like story ending. I am playing a druid so I can wildshape into a horse, and my funds let me buy fine clothes for her, so the last thing that is left is to transform a pumpkin into a carriage. | 2015/07/31 | [
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/questions/65525",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/users/14755/"
] | Awaken the pumpkin first
------------------------
As the other answers have correctly stated, the *true polymorph* spell does not permit object-to-object transformations.
However, you can achieve what you want through the addition of one more spell, which is much lower level than *true polymorph* and which is fortunately for you on the druid spell list. It is a fifth level spell, so you will need to be level 9 in druid to cast it, but if you cannot, and you have the funds to pay for *true polymorph*, I assume you could pay for this as well.
Find the best pumpkin in your local pumpkin patch and cast *[Awaken](https://www.dndbeyond.com/spells/awaken)*:
>
> ...you touch a Huge or smaller beast or plant. The target must have either no Intelligence score or an Intelligence of 3 or less. The target gains an Intelligence of 10...If the target is a plant, it gains the ability to move its limbs, roots, vines, creepers, and so forth, and it gains senses similar to a human's. Your GM chooses statistics appropriate for the awakened plant...The awakened beast or plant is charmed by you for 30 days or until you or your companions do anything harmful to it.
>
>
>
The *Awaken* spell will let you transform a normal pumpkin plant object into a sentient pumpkin plant creature. Once it is a creature, you can then use *true polymorph* to turn it into a carriage (object).
However, note that *true polymorph* permits a Wisdom save for unwilling creatures, and you surely do not want to blow a 9th level cast on a lucky Wis save. When you have awakened the pumpkin, spend some time talking to it in your shared language. Explain to it how important its role of carriage is to the happiness of the couple, and how you just need it to be an object for one hour before it reverts to being a sentient pumpkin again. Hopefully you can convince it to allow you to make it into a carriage through role-play, but if your DM insists that some sort of Cha check is required to move it to 'willing', remember that it is *charmed* by you and you have advantage on the check. | Or you polymorph a rat or other random creature into the pumpkin carriage and forgo the mundane one. |
28,532,602 | I am trying to crop images in the browser and upload them to a server as ***raw image binary data*** (the format should be ***"image/jpeg"*** or ***"image/png"***). I tried many client-side crop & upload methods, they all use the html 5 function canvas.toDataURL() to get the final cropped data in ***"data:image/png;base64"*** format, upload it to the web server and then convert it into ***raw image binary data*** at the server side.
The thing is that I have to upload the cropped data into a static file server like AWS S3 which can't execute converting code, except for accepting file uploading. Therefore, what I need is to upload the cropped images as a ***normal image format*** like "image/png". If this can be done, I can use the browser to crop & upload images directly to the file server (S3) and I don't need a middle server to convert the image data and transfer it to the file server (S3). | 2015/02/15 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/28532602",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/4570063/"
] | You can try [Crop Upload](http://www.cropupload.com), a HTML5-based javascript plugin which crops the image in the canvas element, converts the canvas to a blob and uploads it as png or jpeg to the server by AJAX. It doesn't need any server-side code at all, but it can only run in those browsers which support HTML 5.
**EDIT: The link to the plugin has expired.** | Have a look at [Filepicker.io](https://www.filepicker.io/), which offers a JavaScript based filepicker that includes cropping/resizing functionality and supports uploading to S3 and other cloud storage services, without the need for server-side code. Note that some features require a paid plan. |
153,319 | Suppose I want to go from Houston to Madison and I have bought two flight tickets: one from Houston to Chicago and another from Chicago to Madison.
I wonder how the native speakers of English will explain the role of Chicago in my trip, specifically, I wonder how to complete the sentences like:
>
> I will fly from Houston to Madison, \_\_\_\_\_\_ Chicago.
>
>
> Chicago is \_\_\_\_\_\_ for my trip from Houston to Madison.
>
>
> I will \_\_\_\_\_ Chicago when I go from Houston to Madison.
>
>
>
If there are more idiomatic sentences, please let me know. | 2018/01/12 | [
"https://ell.stackexchange.com/questions/153319",
"https://ell.stackexchange.com",
"https://ell.stackexchange.com/users/43101/"
] | I'm not a native speaker, but I would say:
>
> I will fly from Houston to Madison, **via** Chicago.
>
>
>
You could also say
>
> I will fly from Houston to Madison, **through** Chicago.
>
>
> | Another answer already correctly says that *through* is the right word for your first sentence. Here are some suggestions for your other two:
>
> I will **fly through** Chicago when I go from Houston to Madison
>
>
> Chicago is **my hub** for my trip from Houston to Madison.
>
>
> Chicago is **my connecting airport** for my trip from Houston to Madison.
>
>
>
The word *hub* refers to the [*hub-and-spoke system*](https://www.thefreedictionary.com/hub-and-spoke) employed by most major airlines. As for the phrase *connection airport*, your second flight (from Chicago to Madison) is often called your *connection*, so I might say:
>
> I heard there is bad weather around Chicago. I hope you don’t miss your **connection**!
>
>
>
Also, the time spent in Chicago is called your **layover** time. So you might answer:
>
> I know! I have a short **layover**, so I’m a little nervous about that.
>
>
>
One more bit of air travel nomenclature that may be helpful for the leaner:
>
> I could not get a **direct flight** from Houston to Madison, so I’m flying **through** Chicago.
>
>
> |
171,069 | I was watching a video and became curious about the use of definite article :
at 1:23
>
> "Little does he know he's just taking the bait for the big bust"
>
>
> Link to [Chris Rock - True Stories of the Justice Squad - YouTube](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M6TZqJEKs3o)
>
>
>
at 1:23
I am wondering about the exact reason the definite article (instead of indefinite article "a") was used here:
my guess is that "the" here means that the listeners know that he would be arrested in the end of the show story?
Or does it mean that we know that in what fashion the big bust is done for this kind of things (like the way cops arrest this type of big gang boss) | 2018/07/02 | [
"https://ell.stackexchange.com/questions/171069",
"https://ell.stackexchange.com",
"https://ell.stackexchange.com/users/16058/"
] | By "plot" do you mean "chart" or "graph"? *Plot* by itself is probably the wrong word to use in this context, mostly because it has multiple meanings and can be confusing -- at first I thought you were talking about something like the *plot* of a movie.
There are a number of words that mean to add information that makes something (a sentence, an explanation, a chart, a diagram, whatever) more difficult to understand, but the one that jumps to mind is *obfuscate*:
>
> **[obfuscate](https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/obfuscate)** (v): Make obscure, unclear, or unintelligible.
>
>
>
Example:
>
> The scale bar on the side is unnecessary because it only **obfuscates** the significance of the chart.
>
>
>
Alternately, if the bar only makes the chart more complicated, you could say it *distracts* or *detracts* from the main plot of the chart, or it *clutters (up)* the chart, or that it simply makes the chart *harder to read*.
>
> The scale bar on the side is a **visual distraction** that **clutters** the chart without adding any significant information.
>
>
> The scale bar makes the chart **harder to read**. I understand why you thought it was necessary, but you really should remove it.
>
>
>
Note: "Obfuscate" is one of those "big" words that may be appropriate to the context but can sound pretentious. Only a relatively small percentage of English speakers will know what it means. Sometimes it's better to keep it simple -- "confuse" is a good, if rough, synonym. | Personally I'd say:
>
> Scale bars of figure 1 are deliberately eliminated, since they **obscure** the plot.
>
>
> |
171,069 | I was watching a video and became curious about the use of definite article :
at 1:23
>
> "Little does he know he's just taking the bait for the big bust"
>
>
> Link to [Chris Rock - True Stories of the Justice Squad - YouTube](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M6TZqJEKs3o)
>
>
>
at 1:23
I am wondering about the exact reason the definite article (instead of indefinite article "a") was used here:
my guess is that "the" here means that the listeners know that he would be arrested in the end of the show story?
Or does it mean that we know that in what fashion the big bust is done for this kind of things (like the way cops arrest this type of big gang boss) | 2018/07/02 | [
"https://ell.stackexchange.com/questions/171069",
"https://ell.stackexchange.com",
"https://ell.stackexchange.com/users/16058/"
] | By "plot" do you mean "chart" or "graph"? *Plot* by itself is probably the wrong word to use in this context, mostly because it has multiple meanings and can be confusing -- at first I thought you were talking about something like the *plot* of a movie.
There are a number of words that mean to add information that makes something (a sentence, an explanation, a chart, a diagram, whatever) more difficult to understand, but the one that jumps to mind is *obfuscate*:
>
> **[obfuscate](https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/obfuscate)** (v): Make obscure, unclear, or unintelligible.
>
>
>
Example:
>
> The scale bar on the side is unnecessary because it only **obfuscates** the significance of the chart.
>
>
>
Alternately, if the bar only makes the chart more complicated, you could say it *distracts* or *detracts* from the main plot of the chart, or it *clutters (up)* the chart, or that it simply makes the chart *harder to read*.
>
> The scale bar on the side is a **visual distraction** that **clutters** the chart without adding any significant information.
>
>
> The scale bar makes the chart **harder to read**. I understand why you thought it was necessary, but you really should remove it.
>
>
>
Note: "Obfuscate" is one of those "big" words that may be appropriate to the context but can sound pretentious. Only a relatively small percentage of English speakers will know what it means. Sometimes it's better to keep it simple -- "confuse" is a good, if rough, synonym. | An informal word is **busy**.
>
> I removed the legend because it made the chart look too busy.
>
>
>
You might say that to a co-worker to explain your decision, but it wouldn't be a good way to explain the intentional omission to a corporate customer, say, who will be reading the chart. You'd want something more formal.
But you probably wouldn't want to put the explanation on the chart itself :)
>
> The legend was removed because it detracted from the visual impact of the chart.
>
>
> |
7,559 | Question about the tensioner assembly for my 2003 Corolla. At 99,000 miles Toyota replaced the assembly. This week, after a routine inspection, the same Toyota service shop suggested replacing the tensioner (leakage, according to the advisor) *and* timing cover gasket. At a much higher cost, of course. My Corolla now has 116,000 miles. Should I expect the tensioner to need replacing at 17,000 miles? | 2013/11/08 | [
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com/questions/7559",
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com",
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com/users/3935/"
] | The closest I've seen to problems with the tensioner assembly is oil leaking:
<http://www.paulstravelpictures.com/Toyota-Corolla-Timing-Chain-Tensioner-Oil-Leak-Repair-Guide/>
If the Toyota service shop already repaired it, I would have a conversation with the manager about what he/she thinks they might have done wrong during the first repair to make the second repair necessary. | Sounds like nonsense. My corolla has 170 k on it and no problems with the tensioner. I know you asked this question a long time ago but new readers may benefit. |
290,780 | I'm using QGIS 3.2 and want to manually move a few labels on a layer but when I try to use the move labels tool I can't move them. I can however rotate and change them using those tools. I looked in the Auxilliary Storage and it seems like the move tool is not creating new fields for the movement whereas the rotation and change tools can. Is there any reason the move isn't working while the others area? | 2018/07/26 | [
"https://gis.stackexchange.com/questions/290780",
"https://gis.stackexchange.com",
"https://gis.stackexchange.com/users/110491/"
] | I had the same problem and opening the layer property, I saw the coordinates of the label apearing in red :
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/ViEtH.png)
By clicking on the menu (on the red icone) and selecting "store data in the project", I was able to solve the problem and move the labels. I hope it works for you as well ! | This bug is still present in version 3.6.2.
You need to open the Layer Property, click on each of the data defined coordinates X and Y:
and select the "store data in project" box:
 |
290,780 | I'm using QGIS 3.2 and want to manually move a few labels on a layer but when I try to use the move labels tool I can't move them. I can however rotate and change them using those tools. I looked in the Auxilliary Storage and it seems like the move tool is not creating new fields for the movement whereas the rotation and change tools can. Is there any reason the move isn't working while the others area? | 2018/07/26 | [
"https://gis.stackexchange.com/questions/290780",
"https://gis.stackexchange.com",
"https://gis.stackexchange.com/users/110491/"
] | I had the same problem and opening the layer property, I saw the coordinates of the label apearing in red :
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/ViEtH.png)
By clicking on the menu (on the red icone) and selecting "store data in the project", I was able to solve the problem and move the labels. I hope it works for you as well ! | I find that this problem occurs in cases where you have selected "Store Data in Project", **and** you have modified the label using the "Change label" button on the tool bar.
So one can either go back to the old way where you do not "store data in project"; or if you **are** storing your data in the project, and you need to modify a label, make the change by opening the attribute table and changing it there. Then everything seems to work out ok! |
290,780 | I'm using QGIS 3.2 and want to manually move a few labels on a layer but when I try to use the move labels tool I can't move them. I can however rotate and change them using those tools. I looked in the Auxilliary Storage and it seems like the move tool is not creating new fields for the movement whereas the rotation and change tools can. Is there any reason the move isn't working while the others area? | 2018/07/26 | [
"https://gis.stackexchange.com/questions/290780",
"https://gis.stackexchange.com",
"https://gis.stackexchange.com/users/110491/"
] | I had the same problem and opening the layer property, I saw the coordinates of the label apearing in red :
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/ViEtH.png)
By clicking on the menu (on the red icone) and selecting "store data in the project", I was able to solve the problem and move the labels. I hope it works for you as well ! | I don't have enough reputation to comment on @MaT's answer, but this is what worked for me with QGIS 3.18.3. I am posting just to add that I noticed the issue only appeared on layers where I pasted label styling from another layer, so I supposed this might be a feature to make sure the pasted styling stays untouched, but it's not exactly trivial. |
290,780 | I'm using QGIS 3.2 and want to manually move a few labels on a layer but when I try to use the move labels tool I can't move them. I can however rotate and change them using those tools. I looked in the Auxilliary Storage and it seems like the move tool is not creating new fields for the movement whereas the rotation and change tools can. Is there any reason the move isn't working while the others area? | 2018/07/26 | [
"https://gis.stackexchange.com/questions/290780",
"https://gis.stackexchange.com",
"https://gis.stackexchange.com/users/110491/"
] | This bug is still present in version 3.6.2.
You need to open the Layer Property, click on each of the data defined coordinates X and Y:
and select the "store data in project" box:
 | I find that this problem occurs in cases where you have selected "Store Data in Project", **and** you have modified the label using the "Change label" button on the tool bar.
So one can either go back to the old way where you do not "store data in project"; or if you **are** storing your data in the project, and you need to modify a label, make the change by opening the attribute table and changing it there. Then everything seems to work out ok! |
290,780 | I'm using QGIS 3.2 and want to manually move a few labels on a layer but when I try to use the move labels tool I can't move them. I can however rotate and change them using those tools. I looked in the Auxilliary Storage and it seems like the move tool is not creating new fields for the movement whereas the rotation and change tools can. Is there any reason the move isn't working while the others area? | 2018/07/26 | [
"https://gis.stackexchange.com/questions/290780",
"https://gis.stackexchange.com",
"https://gis.stackexchange.com/users/110491/"
] | This bug is still present in version 3.6.2.
You need to open the Layer Property, click on each of the data defined coordinates X and Y:
and select the "store data in project" box:
 | I don't have enough reputation to comment on @MaT's answer, but this is what worked for me with QGIS 3.18.3. I am posting just to add that I noticed the issue only appeared on layers where I pasted label styling from another layer, so I supposed this might be a feature to make sure the pasted styling stays untouched, but it's not exactly trivial. |
48,620 | I would like to build a small robot and was wondering if a particular configuration of steering would even be possible and stable.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Jy8hw.jpg)
What I would like is to have the two rigid axles mounted on a pivoting point like the image. The pivoting points would be free to move on their axes without restrain. Steering should be achieved via the different speed of the 4 wheels (one motor on each wheel).
Problem is, if I start accelerating the outer wheels, to me it looks like it would start going in a diagonal direction, with both axles keeping parallel to each other rather than achieving something like the picture, even though the outer wheels on a corner should go faster than the inner wheels. Is this configuration even possible? | 2021/12/06 | [
"https://engineering.stackexchange.com/questions/48620",
"https://engineering.stackexchange.com",
"https://engineering.stackexchange.com/users/36082/"
] | Yes, there are vehicles that have the steering by bending in the middle. Mostly graders and other heavy equipment though. | You can use 3 gears in series - steering in the middle that rotates the gears on the axles in opposite directions by the force couple. |
48,620 | I would like to build a small robot and was wondering if a particular configuration of steering would even be possible and stable.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Jy8hw.jpg)
What I would like is to have the two rigid axles mounted on a pivoting point like the image. The pivoting points would be free to move on their axes without restrain. Steering should be achieved via the different speed of the 4 wheels (one motor on each wheel).
Problem is, if I start accelerating the outer wheels, to me it looks like it would start going in a diagonal direction, with both axles keeping parallel to each other rather than achieving something like the picture, even though the outer wheels on a corner should go faster than the inner wheels. Is this configuration even possible? | 2021/12/06 | [
"https://engineering.stackexchange.com/questions/48620",
"https://engineering.stackexchange.com",
"https://engineering.stackexchange.com/users/36082/"
] | You have too many degrees of freedom to use it effectively without feedback. If you add a couple of potentiometers to detect the angles of the pivots, you should be able to compensate appropriately for it. Essentially the robot needs to know which way each wheel is pointing to determine which way and how much to try to turn it. The rest of "stable" steering (relative to the robot) will depend on whether or not you can process the feedback loop fast enough and your feedback algorithm.
In theory one person could try to learn how to process all 4 wheels at once while observing the robot for feedback, but to make it easy enough to call stable for the average person, it would involve creative controls. Humans tend to have 2 eyes and 2 hands. Steering wheel, gas pedal for car. Left, Right for tank drive. Are the twos a coincidence? I dare say I'm not cut out to be a puppeteer. | Yes, there are vehicles that have the steering by bending in the middle. Mostly graders and other heavy equipment though. |
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