qid int64 1 74.7M | question stringlengths 12 33.8k | date stringlengths 10 10 | metadata list | response_j stringlengths 0 115k | response_k stringlengths 2 98.3k |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2,084,991 | I'm looking for a JQuery plugin that will assist in an incremental search e.g. - the user starts typing into a textbox and an AJAX call is made to dynamically get results as the user types. | 2010/01/18 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/2084991",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/64226/"
] | Something like [this plugin](http://www.pengoworks.com/workshop/jquery/autocomplete.htm) maybe. | Just googled - [Autocomplete](http://www.devbridge.com/projects/autocomplete/jquery/). |
2,084,991 | I'm looking for a JQuery plugin that will assist in an incremental search e.g. - the user starts typing into a textbox and an AJAX call is made to dynamically get results as the user types. | 2010/01/18 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/2084991",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/64226/"
] | Something like [this plugin](http://www.pengoworks.com/workshop/jquery/autocomplete.htm) maybe. | I've used jQuery Autocomplete successfully in the past: <http://jqueryui.com/autocomplete/>. The AJAX part will depend on your specific implementation. |
2,084,991 | I'm looking for a JQuery plugin that will assist in an incremental search e.g. - the user starts typing into a textbox and an AJAX call is made to dynamically get results as the user types. | 2010/01/18 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/2084991",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/64226/"
] | Just googled - [Autocomplete](http://www.devbridge.com/projects/autocomplete/jquery/). | I've used jQuery Autocomplete successfully in the past: <http://jqueryui.com/autocomplete/>. The AJAX part will depend on your specific implementation. |
40,459,713 | I've just installed **Resharper Ultimate 9.2** and would like to know whether it is possible to turn **Reference Count**? Like **Visual Studio 2015 Professional** has:
I have **Visual Studio 2015 Community**. | 2016/11/07 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/40459713",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/1646240/"
] | First of all, CodeLens is not present at all in the Community Edition.
As per the [Visual Studio 2015 feature matrix](https://www.visualstudio.com/vs/compare/):
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/4J5xM.png)
As such, even if ReSharper could plug into CodeLens it wouldn't work with Visual Studio 2015 Community Edition.
In any case, ReSharper **does not** plug into CodeLens so even in the Pro version ReSharper would make no different.
To ask ReSharper to manually find all references to a given identifier put the cursor inside it and hit Ctrl+F12. This will, however, show a list of references for that single identifier, and is not live for all identifiers/members in your current file. It is also a snapshot of the references present when you hit Ctrl+F12 and if you after this add or remove or change any such references, the list does not update.
In short, ReSharper doesn't have the functionality you ask for and CodeLens is not present in Community Edition. | This feature is not in ReSharper but CodeLens is now available in **Visual Studio 2019, including Community edition**
See [What's New in Visual Studio 2019](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/mt848632.aspx)
>
> CodeLens for Everyone
>
>
> CodeLens has been a feature found only in Visual
> Studio Enterprise, but that will change in an upcoming preview of
> Visual Studio 2019, when it will also be available for the Community
> edition, likely in 2019. CodeLens shows the number of references a
> type or method has, information about unit tests covering the method,
> and data directly from Application Insights.
>
>
> |
289,431 | Over the weekend, one user appears to have cast close votes on all of the open questions under the [disputed-review-audits](/questions/tagged/disputed-review-audits "show questions tagged 'disputed-review-audits'") tag as duplicates.
I could see this action as being constructive if we are trying to get rid of disputed review audits from meta. On the other hand, I could see blanket actions such as flagging or voting to close all questions under one tag as destructive.
What are our policies regarding this action? | 2015/04/06 | [
"https://meta.stackoverflow.com/questions/289431",
"https://meta.stackoverflow.com",
"https://meta.stackoverflow.com/users/1486275/"
] | I can not comment on general policy, except that I personally would be against indiscriminate closing of questions in this tag.
That said, I can share reasoning that led me to cast duplicate votes on *some* of these questions.
As far as I can tell, recently we've got a [canonical post](https://meta.stackoverflow.com/q/276010/839601) on how to review in First Posts and Late Answers queues:
* [How should I get started reviewing Late Answers and First Posts?](https://meta.stackoverflow.com/questions/288505/how-should-i-get-started-reviewing-late-answers-and-first-posts)
Based on that, I went over some prior questions and picked those where it looked like audit failure could be avoided if reviewer was familiar with guidance given in canonical question referred above. My initial plan was to close these as duplicates of that canonical question but after closer inspection I had to change it a bit.
Thing is, many of the questions I checked appeared to be focusing on a particular, specific issue which looked like better addressed in an answer to [another, more specialized question](https://meta.stackoverflow.com/a/288698/839601), so I picked what looked like a more appropriate duplicate target for these.
---
As for mentioned "more specialized" question that served as a target for closer-matched duplicates, I also voted to close it as a duplicate of general canonical post, since it is covered in there (although as one of *many* different cases and with less attention to details).
Doing this I mostly followed an example of "canonical hierarchy" at MSE where most general guidance on particular topic is "surrounded" by duplicates that serve as convenient dupe-targets for some specific, frequently asked about sub-cases:
* [What is serial voting and how does it affect me?](https://meta.stackexchange.com/q/126829/165773)
+ [What can I do if I'm the victim of serial downvoting?](https://meta.stackexchange.com/q/28756/165773)
+ [How to act when you're being serial upvoted](https://meta.stackexchange.com/q/124842/165773) | Consider the two situations that assume that someone searched before hand:
1. You search and find a question (or two, or three) that is complaining about a review audit. Each of these questions is still open.
2. You search and find a question (or two, or three) that is complaining about a review audit. It is closed as a duplicate of another post about that particular queue. That is closed as a duplicate of the 'how should you review that queue' post.
In which situation does the person who searched first get more information about what the answers will be *before* the question is asked? If you selected #2, you are probably right. As much as we love giving the same answer again and again (you clicked no action needed on a question that wasn't even close to being grammatically correct), the goal is to give the next person who searches first the answer. Duplicates serve this purpose.
That's all assuming that the person searches first... This is Stack Overflow (and we know how often people search first on the main site, why expect meta to be different?) |
289,431 | Over the weekend, one user appears to have cast close votes on all of the open questions under the [disputed-review-audits](/questions/tagged/disputed-review-audits "show questions tagged 'disputed-review-audits'") tag as duplicates.
I could see this action as being constructive if we are trying to get rid of disputed review audits from meta. On the other hand, I could see blanket actions such as flagging or voting to close all questions under one tag as destructive.
What are our policies regarding this action? | 2015/04/06 | [
"https://meta.stackoverflow.com/questions/289431",
"https://meta.stackoverflow.com",
"https://meta.stackoverflow.com/users/1486275/"
] | Consider the two situations that assume that someone searched before hand:
1. You search and find a question (or two, or three) that is complaining about a review audit. Each of these questions is still open.
2. You search and find a question (or two, or three) that is complaining about a review audit. It is closed as a duplicate of another post about that particular queue. That is closed as a duplicate of the 'how should you review that queue' post.
In which situation does the person who searched first get more information about what the answers will be *before* the question is asked? If you selected #2, you are probably right. As much as we love giving the same answer again and again (you clicked no action needed on a question that wasn't even close to being grammatically correct), the goal is to give the next person who searches first the answer. Duplicates serve this purpose.
That's all assuming that the person searches first... This is Stack Overflow (and we know how often people search first on the main site, why expect meta to be different?) | It depends on the purpose of the disputed-review-audits tag. The description says "*For questions related to specific review audits*". If that description is correct, there is no way it could be a duplicate UNLESS you are posting twice about the same review audit. If the policy is that you should just look for general information about a similar review audit failure, then the description (and other places on the site) should be changed. There are many places on the site that encourage users to post here if they disagree. It is strongly implied that moderators will review your specific case if you post here (as an appeals process of sorts) rather than getting marked as a duplicate.
EDIT: I would also note that there seems to be some inconsistencies on some of how these are handled. Without naming names, some are marking things as duplicates, while others appear to be lenient and reverse these decisions. |
289,431 | Over the weekend, one user appears to have cast close votes on all of the open questions under the [disputed-review-audits](/questions/tagged/disputed-review-audits "show questions tagged 'disputed-review-audits'") tag as duplicates.
I could see this action as being constructive if we are trying to get rid of disputed review audits from meta. On the other hand, I could see blanket actions such as flagging or voting to close all questions under one tag as destructive.
What are our policies regarding this action? | 2015/04/06 | [
"https://meta.stackoverflow.com/questions/289431",
"https://meta.stackoverflow.com",
"https://meta.stackoverflow.com/users/1486275/"
] | I can not comment on general policy, except that I personally would be against indiscriminate closing of questions in this tag.
That said, I can share reasoning that led me to cast duplicate votes on *some* of these questions.
As far as I can tell, recently we've got a [canonical post](https://meta.stackoverflow.com/q/276010/839601) on how to review in First Posts and Late Answers queues:
* [How should I get started reviewing Late Answers and First Posts?](https://meta.stackoverflow.com/questions/288505/how-should-i-get-started-reviewing-late-answers-and-first-posts)
Based on that, I went over some prior questions and picked those where it looked like audit failure could be avoided if reviewer was familiar with guidance given in canonical question referred above. My initial plan was to close these as duplicates of that canonical question but after closer inspection I had to change it a bit.
Thing is, many of the questions I checked appeared to be focusing on a particular, specific issue which looked like better addressed in an answer to [another, more specialized question](https://meta.stackoverflow.com/a/288698/839601), so I picked what looked like a more appropriate duplicate target for these.
---
As for mentioned "more specialized" question that served as a target for closer-matched duplicates, I also voted to close it as a duplicate of general canonical post, since it is covered in there (although as one of *many* different cases and with less attention to details).
Doing this I mostly followed an example of "canonical hierarchy" at MSE where most general guidance on particular topic is "surrounded" by duplicates that serve as convenient dupe-targets for some specific, frequently asked about sub-cases:
* [What is serial voting and how does it affect me?](https://meta.stackexchange.com/q/126829/165773)
+ [What can I do if I'm the victim of serial downvoting?](https://meta.stackexchange.com/q/28756/165773)
+ [How to act when you're being serial upvoted](https://meta.stackexchange.com/q/124842/165773) | It depends on the purpose of the disputed-review-audits tag. The description says "*For questions related to specific review audits*". If that description is correct, there is no way it could be a duplicate UNLESS you are posting twice about the same review audit. If the policy is that you should just look for general information about a similar review audit failure, then the description (and other places on the site) should be changed. There are many places on the site that encourage users to post here if they disagree. It is strongly implied that moderators will review your specific case if you post here (as an appeals process of sorts) rather than getting marked as a duplicate.
EDIT: I would also note that there seems to be some inconsistencies on some of how these are handled. Without naming names, some are marking things as duplicates, while others appear to be lenient and reverse these decisions. |
481,902 | My house has 2 bedrooms, a living room and a studio (Room for a computer, shelves, etc., don't know how it's called in the US), each one with a RJ-45 connection (LAN, Internet). I want to install speakers in the living room and that they could accept input from every one of the rooms. How can this be done? | 2012/09/29 | [
"https://superuser.com/questions/481902",
"https://superuser.com",
"https://superuser.com/users/162459/"
] | <http://opensource-sidh.blogspot.co.uk/2011/06/recover-grub-live-ubuntu-cd.html> works perfectly, with very clear instructions! | Ensure that the ISO is mounted on the VM; if it is, then it should appear in the results when you do 'ls' at the grub rescue prompt, and you should be able to continue with step 4 as normal.
That said, it may be simpler just to rebuild the VM from a fresh Ubuntu install, and recover your files from there. If you go that route, I'd suggest cloning a safe copy the new VM as soon as you've finished the stock Ubuntu install, or else right before you recover your data; that way, if the VM crashes and dies again, you can just clone the safe copy and start from there, rather than having to rebuild from scratch again. |
43,088,435 | I can retrieve analytics data using Core Reporting API v4, but for that I am required to login through google sign in dialog.
How can I get the data skipping this step i.e., I don't to want to login through the Google user interface. | 2017/03/29 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/43088435",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/4427645/"
] | Turns out I misread the question - it looks like you are looking for a [service account](https://developers.google.com/analytics/devguides/reporting/core/v3/quickstart/service-php). A service account allows for non-interactive authentication against Google APIs.
You create a service account in the Google API console. There you can download a file with credentials that are used for authentication. This is handled non-interactively without opening a browser.
You need to add the email of the service account to the resource you want to access (e.g. to your Analytics account).
Details are in the link (this is a PHP example, but service accounts work regardless of programming language).
**Old answer:**
Somebody has to log in to get the data (GA accounts always need authentication), so if you don't want to log in via the browser you need an intermediary application that authenticates against Google and then publicy exposes the data.
There is a project [Google Analytics Super Proxy](https://github.com/googleanalytics/google-analytics-super-proxy) that does this, however it requires a bit of setup.
A simpler way would be to use the Analytics Add-On in a Google Spreadsheet, share that publicly and embed it in your page, or format the output as HTML or JSON via some Apps script and pull it into your page for display. | Unfortunately you can't.Cause you need to access the report through a private API code.And in the Javascript version, you would be sharing it with public.That's why in case of JS you MUST use the log in button.
Hence the only way to do it without logging in, is by using a server side code like PHP along with the API. |
1,183,340 | So, we migrated (not me, a contractor) our old domain to a new one, we were abc.local, now we are xyz.local. We also changed the DNS server from 1.2.3.4.5 to 10.9.8.7 (just examples, not real data here)
The migration added all workstation to the new xyz.local domain with no issues, however it did not change the DNS to the new one, and the old DNS is now gone.
I tried to change them via GPO running the netsh command, but I get "the remote procedure call was cancelled" error 8007071a when I try to apply the GPO from the DC.
My account is Domain admin. I cannot remote-in to those workstations now, so I cannot change the DNS. Remember that the workstations are joined to the new domain but they have the old DNS server configured which doesn't exist anymore.
Do you guys have any idea to try with to accomplish this?
Thank you. | 2017/02/27 | [
"https://superuser.com/questions/1183340",
"https://superuser.com",
"https://superuser.com/users/702052/"
] | If they are getting their IPs via DHCP, ensure you include the DNS server addresses in DHCP. Otherwise you're probably going to have to visit each machine and change their DNS server entries to the DC.
Either way, after it's changed reboot them so they are properly logged into the domain. | The only way to make your new domain work again from the static ip configuration of your clients is to make the DNS server available again.
This can be done by:
* Adding an additional IP address to the existing network interface (routing issues?)
* Second network interface in the old network 10.5.x.x (virtual/physical environment?)
* Setting up a new server with the old IP 10.5.x.x with DNS services which forwards all queries to the new DNS server 10.20.x.x
After you made DNS available for the clients again, you can change IP settings through GPO. |
11,456,098 | I'm developing a small multi-thread application (in java) to help me understand it. As I researched about it, I learned that the ideal amount of threads you would like the number supported by the processor (ie. 4 in an Intel i3, 8 in an Intel i7, I think). But swing alone already has 3 threads + 1 thread (the main, in this case). Does that means that I won't have any significant improvement in a processor which supports 4 threads? Will the swing threads just consume all the processor threads and everything else will just run on the same processor? Is it worthed to multi-thread it (performance-wise) even with those swing threads?
OBS: A maybe important observation that needs to be made is that I will be using a JFrame and doing active-rendering. That's probably as far as I will go with swing. | 2012/07/12 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/11456098",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/1288851/"
] | >
> I learned that the ideal amount of threads you would like the number supported by the processor
>
>
>
That statement is only true if your `Thread`s are occupying the whole CPU. For example the Swing thread (Event Dispatch Thread) is most of the time just waiting for user input. | Yes, they do but only minimally. There are other threads such as GC and finalizer threads as well that are running in the background. These are all necessary for the JVM to operate just as the Swing threads are necessary for Swing to work.
You shouldn't have to worry about them unless you are on a dramatically small system with little resources or CPU capacity.
With modern systems, many of which have multiple processors and/or multiple cores, the JVM and the OS will run these other threads on other processors and still give your user threads all of the processor power that you will need.
Also, most of the background Swing threads are in wait loops waiting to handle events and make display changes. Unless you do something wrong, they should make up a small amount of your application processor requirements.
>
> I learned that the ideal amount of threads you would like the number supported by the processor
>
>
>
As @Robin mentioned, this is only necessary when you are trying to optimize a program that has a number of CPU-bound operations. For example, our application typically has 1000s of threads but 8 processors and still is very responsive since the threads are all waiting for IO or events. The only time you need to worry about the number of CPUs is when you are doing processor intensive operations and you are trying to maximize your throughput. |
11,456,098 | I'm developing a small multi-thread application (in java) to help me understand it. As I researched about it, I learned that the ideal amount of threads you would like the number supported by the processor (ie. 4 in an Intel i3, 8 in an Intel i7, I think). But swing alone already has 3 threads + 1 thread (the main, in this case). Does that means that I won't have any significant improvement in a processor which supports 4 threads? Will the swing threads just consume all the processor threads and everything else will just run on the same processor? Is it worthed to multi-thread it (performance-wise) even with those swing threads?
OBS: A maybe important observation that needs to be made is that I will be using a JFrame and doing active-rendering. That's probably as far as I will go with swing. | 2012/07/12 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/11456098",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/1288851/"
] | >
> I learned that the ideal amount of threads you would like the number supported by the processor
>
>
>
That statement is only true if your `Thread`s are occupying the whole CPU. For example the Swing thread (Event Dispatch Thread) is most of the time just waiting for user input. | The number one thing that most threads do is *waiting*. They are just there so they are ready to go at the instant the system needs their services.
The comment about the ideal thread count goes for the number of threads at 100% workload. |
11,456,098 | I'm developing a small multi-thread application (in java) to help me understand it. As I researched about it, I learned that the ideal amount of threads you would like the number supported by the processor (ie. 4 in an Intel i3, 8 in an Intel i7, I think). But swing alone already has 3 threads + 1 thread (the main, in this case). Does that means that I won't have any significant improvement in a processor which supports 4 threads? Will the swing threads just consume all the processor threads and everything else will just run on the same processor? Is it worthed to multi-thread it (performance-wise) even with those swing threads?
OBS: A maybe important observation that needs to be made is that I will be using a JFrame and doing active-rendering. That's probably as far as I will go with swing. | 2012/07/12 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/11456098",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/1288851/"
] | >
> I learned that the ideal amount of threads you would like the number supported by the processor
>
>
>
That statement is only true if your `Thread`s are occupying the whole CPU. For example the Swing thread (Event Dispatch Thread) is most of the time just waiting for user input. | Swing's threads spend a lot of time being idle. The ideal number of threads is wrt threads executing at or near 100% processor time.
You may still not see significant improvements due to other factors, but the threads inherent in swing shouldn't be a concern. |
11,456,098 | I'm developing a small multi-thread application (in java) to help me understand it. As I researched about it, I learned that the ideal amount of threads you would like the number supported by the processor (ie. 4 in an Intel i3, 8 in an Intel i7, I think). But swing alone already has 3 threads + 1 thread (the main, in this case). Does that means that I won't have any significant improvement in a processor which supports 4 threads? Will the swing threads just consume all the processor threads and everything else will just run on the same processor? Is it worthed to multi-thread it (performance-wise) even with those swing threads?
OBS: A maybe important observation that needs to be made is that I will be using a JFrame and doing active-rendering. That's probably as far as I will go with swing. | 2012/07/12 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/11456098",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/1288851/"
] | >
> I learned that the ideal amount of threads you would like the number supported by the processor
>
>
>
That statement is only true if your `Thread`s are occupying the whole CPU. For example the Swing thread (Event Dispatch Thread) is most of the time just waiting for user input. | The ideal # of threads is not necessarily governed by the # of cpu's (cores) you have. There's a lot of tuning involved base on the actual code you are executing.
For example, let's take a Runnable which executions some database queries (doesn't matter what). Most of the thread time will be spent blocked waiting for a response from the database. So if you have 4 cores, and execute 4 threads. The odds are that at any given time, many of them are blocked on db calls. You can easily spawn more threads with no ill effects on your cpu. In this case you're limited not by the specs of your machine, but by the degree of concurrency which the db will handle.
Another example would be file I/O, which spends most of it's time waiting for the I/O subsystem to respond with data.
The only real way is evaluation of your multi-threaded code, along with trial and error for a given environment. |
294,802 | As I’ve known, a to-infinitive is used as an adjective referring to something that hasn’t happened yet, but I found a to-infinitive is used to refer to something that has already happened-“the largest bird ever to exist.” Can a to-infinitive refer to something that has already happened?
“Argentavis magnificens was among the largest flying birds ever to exist.”
<https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argentavis>
I see no difference between this and the example below.
[“There’s food to be cooked yesterday”](https://ell.stackexchange.com/questions/294033/there-s-food-to-be-cooked-yesterday) | 2021/08/12 | [
"https://ell.stackexchange.com/questions/294802",
"https://ell.stackexchange.com",
"https://ell.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | "when told to" indicates a command or instruction. For example, on a cruise ship, one may be instructed to put on a life vest "when told to" by a crew member. A student may be instructed to only open the test booklet "when told to" -- meaning do not open the test booklet until the command is given.
The sentence above treats the pump as a person who can be "told to" -- i.e. given a command. The pump receives some sort of signal that "tells" -- i.e. commands -- the pump to turn on. The PLC monitors the sensor to determine if the pump complied with the command. | "When told to" implies that the PLC has done more than simply supply power to the pump or activate a relay. The word "told" makes me suspect that the pump has some level of smarts (e.g. microcontroller) and that the PLC is communicating to it that it needs to turn on using an instruction set that both the PLC and the pump understand.
Edit: My answer is based on more than what is written or shown in that infographic. I'll update this answer later but, for now, see my comment below. |
119,061 | I find myself spending a lot of time setting up new servers. I always have the same exact software stack:
nginx
mysql
php + php-fpm + xcache
memcached
munin
I pull all the configuration and init.d scripts from my github repo.
All my servers run Debian. My first step is usually apt-get update and apt-get install vim (and other basic packages).
Would Capistrano or Puppet be capable of automating this process?
If they both are, which one would be more suited for the job?
PS: I would prefer Capistrano because I am comfortable with Ruby. | 2010/03/04 | [
"https://serverfault.com/questions/119061",
"https://serverfault.com",
"https://serverfault.com/users/28207/"
] | As far as I know they can. Take note that puppet is ruby too. And so is [chef](http://wiki.opscode.com/display/chef/Home).
I guess it is a matter of personal taste, have a look at the way to define 'recipes' and decide which would better suite you.
You can also look at these [other](https://serverfault.com/questions/96265/puppet-vs-chef-pro-and-contra-from-users-and-use-cases) [questions](https://serverfault.com/questions/42565/floss-server-management-and-audit-tools).
[This answer](https://serverfault.com/questions/9443/production-deployment-tools/9469#9469) says it all :). If you have a git repository already, maybe capistrano is a better choisce.
Check out [these](http://www.agileweboperations.com/puppet-vs-capistrano-short-comparison/) [articles](http://www.agileweboperations.com/puppet-or-capistrano-use-the-right-tool-for-the-job/) about the differences on goals and features of both puppet and capistrano and how to decide between the two. | Puppet would be ideal for this. Puppet provides you with a declarative language to describe the configuration of each server, including packages, services and configuration files. Puppet provides a strong framework to describe the dependancies that each component has on each other, which allows your to build modular configuration files that describe *how* to take a base image and turn it into a server ready to handle a particular role. |
119,061 | I find myself spending a lot of time setting up new servers. I always have the same exact software stack:
nginx
mysql
php + php-fpm + xcache
memcached
munin
I pull all the configuration and init.d scripts from my github repo.
All my servers run Debian. My first step is usually apt-get update and apt-get install vim (and other basic packages).
Would Capistrano or Puppet be capable of automating this process?
If they both are, which one would be more suited for the job?
PS: I would prefer Capistrano because I am comfortable with Ruby. | 2010/03/04 | [
"https://serverfault.com/questions/119061",
"https://serverfault.com",
"https://serverfault.com/users/28207/"
] | As far as I know they can. Take note that puppet is ruby too. And so is [chef](http://wiki.opscode.com/display/chef/Home).
I guess it is a matter of personal taste, have a look at the way to define 'recipes' and decide which would better suite you.
You can also look at these [other](https://serverfault.com/questions/96265/puppet-vs-chef-pro-and-contra-from-users-and-use-cases) [questions](https://serverfault.com/questions/42565/floss-server-management-and-audit-tools).
[This answer](https://serverfault.com/questions/9443/production-deployment-tools/9469#9469) says it all :). If you have a git repository already, maybe capistrano is a better choisce.
Check out [these](http://www.agileweboperations.com/puppet-vs-capistrano-short-comparison/) [articles](http://www.agileweboperations.com/puppet-or-capistrano-use-the-right-tool-for-the-job/) about the differences on goals and features of both puppet and capistrano and how to decide between the two. | That does sound like a perfect application of Puppet. If it'll help, I've written a series of short tutorial articles on Puppet for complete beginners, which covers installation, getting up and running, and managing your first Puppet resources:
[Puppet tutorial](http://bitfieldconsulting.com/puppet-tutorial) |
119,061 | I find myself spending a lot of time setting up new servers. I always have the same exact software stack:
nginx
mysql
php + php-fpm + xcache
memcached
munin
I pull all the configuration and init.d scripts from my github repo.
All my servers run Debian. My first step is usually apt-get update and apt-get install vim (and other basic packages).
Would Capistrano or Puppet be capable of automating this process?
If they both are, which one would be more suited for the job?
PS: I would prefer Capistrano because I am comfortable with Ruby. | 2010/03/04 | [
"https://serverfault.com/questions/119061",
"https://serverfault.com",
"https://serverfault.com/users/28207/"
] | Puppet would be ideal for this. Puppet provides you with a declarative language to describe the configuration of each server, including packages, services and configuration files. Puppet provides a strong framework to describe the dependancies that each component has on each other, which allows your to build modular configuration files that describe *how* to take a base image and turn it into a server ready to handle a particular role. | That does sound like a perfect application of Puppet. If it'll help, I've written a series of short tutorial articles on Puppet for complete beginners, which covers installation, getting up and running, and managing your first Puppet resources:
[Puppet tutorial](http://bitfieldconsulting.com/puppet-tutorial) |
324,196 | I have started trying out PCB designing very recently and I found it extremely interesting and wanna learn more about it. A week ago I was working on a RF remote project and I have attempted to design a PCB for it. I would mean a lot for me if you guys can take a look at it and give your honest feedback about it. Good or bad feedback I am eager to hear it all. If it is very bad, am ready to get roasted for it as well.
I have already got the answer for 90 degree angle routing. I need some inputs like
1. Does the components are too crowded and difficult to make the PCB in real time?
2. In the receiver PCB, I have used two different PCB trace widths, Should i keep it uniform throughout the board? or it doesn't matter?
3. Does using Via is bad for the design?
4. Any specific component in a board I should take high care when placing in the board?
5. How well does the top layer routing works with through hole components, I have heard that it will give trouble when soldering the components to the finished board Is that true, should i try and avoid that?
Any other piece of advice is very much appreciated. Am not sure that these kinda feedback request can be posted in this community, if not kindly apologize :)
RF remote using HT12E Circuit Design:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/YyL43.jpg)
PCB for the above circuit:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/MYFfw.jpg)
RF remote receiver and control circuit design:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/V8NzH.jpg)
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/HSkL3.jpg)
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/fDSe7.png) | 2017/08/16 | [
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/324196",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/users/90692/"
] | Trying to answer your questions:
1. Does the components are too crowded and difficult to make the PCB in real time?
The production of the (bare) board is independent on the component density. Assembling the board is another story. Depending on who/how you insert and solder components it may be faster/cheaper or not. But the boards are certainly not too crowded. I don't understand what you mean "in real time".
2. In the receiver PCB, I have used two different PCB trace widths, Should i keep it uniform throughout the board? or it doesn't matter?
It doesn't matter, as long as you respect the manufacturers rules. I try to use the same width for same net classes. Power nets may be wider.
3. Does using Via is bad for the design?
You try to avoid vias when you are unable to have plated-through holes, such as when you do your boards yourself (DIY). Any current PCB manufacturer will make you PTHoles. You may also want to pay attention to vias for critical, high-speed designs. In your case, the answer is no, vias are not bad.
4. Any specific component in a board I should take high care when placing in the board?
You should pay attention to the antenna connector(s). Check with the module manufacturer for the suggested layout. Depending on the application you may want an SMA connector. The trace from the TX module to the SMA connector should be a controlled-impedance trace (same for the RX module). However, if you are as low as 433 MHz, a "short" track may be ok. But again, look at the module's manufacturer suggestions. This is important!
5. How well does the top layer routing works with through hole components, I have heard that it will give trouble when soldering the components to the finished board Is that true, should i try and avoid that?
If you get a PTH board you will be able to hand solder the through-hole components at the bottom layer pads, even if the trace is on the top layer. No problem here. However if this is to be made at home, without plated-through holes then you have to think carefully. Resistors can be soldered from the top without damaging them but other components, such as IC sockets (or your capacitors) will be problematic (ICs can be soldered directly).
I will also add some final comments
* On your first board I would move the trace labelled NS18 to allow the GND plane to enter the "black" zone
* The use of only multiples of 45º orientations gives (me) a pleasant visual result. When I see traces at odd angles I don't like them.
* IC3 and IC2 should be vertically aligned. Again this is just for the eye, but PCB design has a significant part of art.
* Consider how you will mount your PCB. Mounting holes should be somewhere
* The footprints for the resistors have the pads very far away. Check if 300 mils is enough for you | I don't see any mounting holes... how do you plan to mount the board inside the enclosure?
If you use an enclosure with rails to slide a board in, double check the width, and make sure there isn't a component close to the board edge which could get stuck.
Same if the enclosure has clips, or other kinds of gripping bits of plastic, make sure everything lines up.
You can print the board on thick paper, cut it with scissors, and check how everything fits together in the enclosure.
This is also a nice way to check footprints: put that barrel connector on the printout, check the pins align with the holes...
You should add a decoupling capacitor on the HT12E. |
324,196 | I have started trying out PCB designing very recently and I found it extremely interesting and wanna learn more about it. A week ago I was working on a RF remote project and I have attempted to design a PCB for it. I would mean a lot for me if you guys can take a look at it and give your honest feedback about it. Good or bad feedback I am eager to hear it all. If it is very bad, am ready to get roasted for it as well.
I have already got the answer for 90 degree angle routing. I need some inputs like
1. Does the components are too crowded and difficult to make the PCB in real time?
2. In the receiver PCB, I have used two different PCB trace widths, Should i keep it uniform throughout the board? or it doesn't matter?
3. Does using Via is bad for the design?
4. Any specific component in a board I should take high care when placing in the board?
5. How well does the top layer routing works with through hole components, I have heard that it will give trouble when soldering the components to the finished board Is that true, should i try and avoid that?
Any other piece of advice is very much appreciated. Am not sure that these kinda feedback request can be posted in this community, if not kindly apologize :)
RF remote using HT12E Circuit Design:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/YyL43.jpg)
PCB for the above circuit:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/MYFfw.jpg)
RF remote receiver and control circuit design:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/V8NzH.jpg)
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/HSkL3.jpg)
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/fDSe7.png) | 2017/08/16 | [
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/324196",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/users/90692/"
] | Trying to answer your questions:
1. Does the components are too crowded and difficult to make the PCB in real time?
The production of the (bare) board is independent on the component density. Assembling the board is another story. Depending on who/how you insert and solder components it may be faster/cheaper or not. But the boards are certainly not too crowded. I don't understand what you mean "in real time".
2. In the receiver PCB, I have used two different PCB trace widths, Should i keep it uniform throughout the board? or it doesn't matter?
It doesn't matter, as long as you respect the manufacturers rules. I try to use the same width for same net classes. Power nets may be wider.
3. Does using Via is bad for the design?
You try to avoid vias when you are unable to have plated-through holes, such as when you do your boards yourself (DIY). Any current PCB manufacturer will make you PTHoles. You may also want to pay attention to vias for critical, high-speed designs. In your case, the answer is no, vias are not bad.
4. Any specific component in a board I should take high care when placing in the board?
You should pay attention to the antenna connector(s). Check with the module manufacturer for the suggested layout. Depending on the application you may want an SMA connector. The trace from the TX module to the SMA connector should be a controlled-impedance trace (same for the RX module). However, if you are as low as 433 MHz, a "short" track may be ok. But again, look at the module's manufacturer suggestions. This is important!
5. How well does the top layer routing works with through hole components, I have heard that it will give trouble when soldering the components to the finished board Is that true, should i try and avoid that?
If you get a PTH board you will be able to hand solder the through-hole components at the bottom layer pads, even if the trace is on the top layer. No problem here. However if this is to be made at home, without plated-through holes then you have to think carefully. Resistors can be soldered from the top without damaging them but other components, such as IC sockets (or your capacitors) will be problematic (ICs can be soldered directly).
I will also add some final comments
* On your first board I would move the trace labelled NS18 to allow the GND plane to enter the "black" zone
* The use of only multiples of 45º orientations gives (me) a pleasant visual result. When I see traces at odd angles I don't like them.
* IC3 and IC2 should be vertically aligned. Again this is just for the eye, but PCB design has a significant part of art.
* Consider how you will mount your PCB. Mounting holes should be somewhere
* The footprints for the resistors have the pads very far away. Check if 300 mils is enough for you | You should look at as many actual RF layouts that you can find, and also look for general information on the techniques. There are lots of small details which have an impact, too many to try and list here I think. Vias, PCB material, controlled impedance would be my starting keywords for these sorts of searches.
Look at the example information provided by module manufacturers, and try and understand the purposes of all of their requirements. |
324,196 | I have started trying out PCB designing very recently and I found it extremely interesting and wanna learn more about it. A week ago I was working on a RF remote project and I have attempted to design a PCB for it. I would mean a lot for me if you guys can take a look at it and give your honest feedback about it. Good or bad feedback I am eager to hear it all. If it is very bad, am ready to get roasted for it as well.
I have already got the answer for 90 degree angle routing. I need some inputs like
1. Does the components are too crowded and difficult to make the PCB in real time?
2. In the receiver PCB, I have used two different PCB trace widths, Should i keep it uniform throughout the board? or it doesn't matter?
3. Does using Via is bad for the design?
4. Any specific component in a board I should take high care when placing in the board?
5. How well does the top layer routing works with through hole components, I have heard that it will give trouble when soldering the components to the finished board Is that true, should i try and avoid that?
Any other piece of advice is very much appreciated. Am not sure that these kinda feedback request can be posted in this community, if not kindly apologize :)
RF remote using HT12E Circuit Design:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/YyL43.jpg)
PCB for the above circuit:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/MYFfw.jpg)
RF remote receiver and control circuit design:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/V8NzH.jpg)
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/HSkL3.jpg)
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/fDSe7.png) | 2017/08/16 | [
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/324196",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/users/90692/"
] | I don't see any mounting holes... how do you plan to mount the board inside the enclosure?
If you use an enclosure with rails to slide a board in, double check the width, and make sure there isn't a component close to the board edge which could get stuck.
Same if the enclosure has clips, or other kinds of gripping bits of plastic, make sure everything lines up.
You can print the board on thick paper, cut it with scissors, and check how everything fits together in the enclosure.
This is also a nice way to check footprints: put that barrel connector on the printout, check the pins align with the holes...
You should add a decoupling capacitor on the HT12E. | You should look at as many actual RF layouts that you can find, and also look for general information on the techniques. There are lots of small details which have an impact, too many to try and list here I think. Vias, PCB material, controlled impedance would be my starting keywords for these sorts of searches.
Look at the example information provided by module manufacturers, and try and understand the purposes of all of their requirements. |
121,792 | I would like to be able to play a piano or keyboard and have what I play stored and reproduced as musical notation. Is that possible? | 2022/03/09 | [
"https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/121792",
"https://music.stackexchange.com",
"https://music.stackexchange.com/users/85925/"
] | This solution might involve a bit of a learning curve, but there is some software called [Lilypond](https://lilypond.org/) for typesetting music-notation, and it has a GUI frontend program called [Denemo](http://denemo.org/). In Denemo you can play midi into it and generate beautiful/professional scores. Lilypond/Denemo have an intimidating number of features.
Here are a couple of demo videos of someone using a midi-keyboard to enter notes:
[http://www.denemo.org/~rshann/PitchesFirst.mp4](http://www.denemo.org/%7Ershann/PitchesFirst.mp4)
<https://vimeo.com/62188678>
Caveats:
* I've used Lilypond but haven't actually tried Denemo
* The workflow is a bit clunky-looking
* I am not affiliated with either of these programs in any way.
Other software with similar features:
* Finale can import MIDI files but you can't type in MIDI directly.
* I believe even the free version of Avid's Sibelius software *does* support entering MIDI directly. | If you expect the process to be fully automatic and the music you play is anything above the simplest - then NO it's not possible. You can get an exact reproduction of what you play, but you will not get even semi-professional results with the score notation. |
121,792 | I would like to be able to play a piano or keyboard and have what I play stored and reproduced as musical notation. Is that possible? | 2022/03/09 | [
"https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/121792",
"https://music.stackexchange.com",
"https://music.stackexchange.com/users/85925/"
] | Many MIDI keyboards have built-in recording and playback facilities, for example [this one](https://www.argos.co.uk/product/7834781). Back in the day when PCs were still desk-size monsters and mobile phones only made phone calls, this was the main way you got to record what you played.
These days though, most manufacturers are actually taking that feature out. No-one needs it these days because everyone has a phone or PC they can connect instead, and your phone or PC has way more recording capacity than anything that would be built into the keyboard.
So a far better approach as a beginner is to find a keyboard which plugs into whatever device you're going to be using, and get some software to do the recording. Almost every keyboard these days will come with a bundle of stuff to do that, which will get you started. | If you expect the process to be fully automatic and the music you play is anything above the simplest - then NO it's not possible. You can get an exact reproduction of what you play, but you will not get even semi-professional results with the score notation. |
121,792 | I would like to be able to play a piano or keyboard and have what I play stored and reproduced as musical notation. Is that possible? | 2022/03/09 | [
"https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/121792",
"https://music.stackexchange.com",
"https://music.stackexchange.com/users/85925/"
] | As others have mentioned a MIDI keyboard and notation application that understands MIDI is what you need.
But, two other important things to mention...
* You probably want to check whether/or how the notation application handles rhythm and *quantizing*, which is a kind of rhythmic precision in the capture of your playing. Even if a person plays with very, very good timing an unquantized rhythm will look crazy with dotted rhythms, ties, 64th notes, etc. Quantizing can do something like move rhythms to the closest sixteenth note, depending on the settings used.
* You will likely need to do some manual editing of the captured notation to do things like correct a rhythm, change an accidental, etc. Depending on what you're playing and the software you will probably need to deal with key signatures, meters, staves, etc. If you don't know how to notate music, you won't know how to proof read and correct the capture.
Software can help speed up the process of notation, but it can't substitute for not knowing how to notate music. | This solution might involve a bit of a learning curve, but there is some software called [Lilypond](https://lilypond.org/) for typesetting music-notation, and it has a GUI frontend program called [Denemo](http://denemo.org/). In Denemo you can play midi into it and generate beautiful/professional scores. Lilypond/Denemo have an intimidating number of features.
Here are a couple of demo videos of someone using a midi-keyboard to enter notes:
[http://www.denemo.org/~rshann/PitchesFirst.mp4](http://www.denemo.org/%7Ershann/PitchesFirst.mp4)
<https://vimeo.com/62188678>
Caveats:
* I've used Lilypond but haven't actually tried Denemo
* The workflow is a bit clunky-looking
* I am not affiliated with either of these programs in any way.
Other software with similar features:
* Finale can import MIDI files but you can't type in MIDI directly.
* I believe even the free version of Avid's Sibelius software *does* support entering MIDI directly. |
121,792 | I would like to be able to play a piano or keyboard and have what I play stored and reproduced as musical notation. Is that possible? | 2022/03/09 | [
"https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/121792",
"https://music.stackexchange.com",
"https://music.stackexchange.com/users/85925/"
] | Any keyboard that is MIDI capable can be plugged into a computer running notation software.
Although we don't offer recommendations for specific products here, just know that most electronic keyboards support MIDI, and most notation software supports converting what you play into sheet music. | If you expect the process to be fully automatic and the music you play is anything above the simplest - then NO it's not possible. You can get an exact reproduction of what you play, but you will not get even semi-professional results with the score notation. |
121,792 | I would like to be able to play a piano or keyboard and have what I play stored and reproduced as musical notation. Is that possible? | 2022/03/09 | [
"https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/121792",
"https://music.stackexchange.com",
"https://music.stackexchange.com/users/85925/"
] | As others have mentioned a MIDI keyboard and notation application that understands MIDI is what you need.
But, two other important things to mention...
* You probably want to check whether/or how the notation application handles rhythm and *quantizing*, which is a kind of rhythmic precision in the capture of your playing. Even if a person plays with very, very good timing an unquantized rhythm will look crazy with dotted rhythms, ties, 64th notes, etc. Quantizing can do something like move rhythms to the closest sixteenth note, depending on the settings used.
* You will likely need to do some manual editing of the captured notation to do things like correct a rhythm, change an accidental, etc. Depending on what you're playing and the software you will probably need to deal with key signatures, meters, staves, etc. If you don't know how to notate music, you won't know how to proof read and correct the capture.
Software can help speed up the process of notation, but it can't substitute for not knowing how to notate music. | If you expect the process to be fully automatic and the music you play is anything above the simplest - then NO it's not possible. You can get an exact reproduction of what you play, but you will not get even semi-professional results with the score notation. |
121,792 | I would like to be able to play a piano or keyboard and have what I play stored and reproduced as musical notation. Is that possible? | 2022/03/09 | [
"https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/121792",
"https://music.stackexchange.com",
"https://music.stackexchange.com/users/85925/"
] | As others have mentioned a MIDI keyboard and notation application that understands MIDI is what you need.
But, two other important things to mention...
* You probably want to check whether/or how the notation application handles rhythm and *quantizing*, which is a kind of rhythmic precision in the capture of your playing. Even if a person plays with very, very good timing an unquantized rhythm will look crazy with dotted rhythms, ties, 64th notes, etc. Quantizing can do something like move rhythms to the closest sixteenth note, depending on the settings used.
* You will likely need to do some manual editing of the captured notation to do things like correct a rhythm, change an accidental, etc. Depending on what you're playing and the software you will probably need to deal with key signatures, meters, staves, etc. If you don't know how to notate music, you won't know how to proof read and correct the capture.
Software can help speed up the process of notation, but it can't substitute for not knowing how to notate music. | This is very feasible, and has been for a long time. You need three things:
1. First a keyboard that captures the pressing down of keys. Today you would probably select a midi keyboard with USB connection. You may check this website to get an overview what is available in the market. [Example of large webshop to get an overview of what is available, not a recommendation](https://www.thomann.de/se/midi_masterkeyboards.html)
2. Secondly you need a computer. Most computers made the last ten years or even more will do. (And mouse, screen). Internet connection helps.
3. The third part is a program that can do the translation. All of the three "professional" programs does this (Finale, Sibelius, Dorico). At least one of them has a free version (Dorico SE) which you simply download.The free program Musescore is another example that can do it. There are quite a few other programs available that can do similar things, almost all so called DAW-s can do it. (And I have probably forgotten a dozen or more programs).
My general experience is that it can take a bit of work to create a good looking score from my fumbling on the keyboard, but that is me. |
121,792 | I would like to be able to play a piano or keyboard and have what I play stored and reproduced as musical notation. Is that possible? | 2022/03/09 | [
"https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/121792",
"https://music.stackexchange.com",
"https://music.stackexchange.com/users/85925/"
] | Any keyboard that is MIDI capable can be plugged into a computer running notation software.
Although we don't offer recommendations for specific products here, just know that most electronic keyboards support MIDI, and most notation software supports converting what you play into sheet music. | This is very feasible, and has been for a long time. You need three things:
1. First a keyboard that captures the pressing down of keys. Today you would probably select a midi keyboard with USB connection. You may check this website to get an overview what is available in the market. [Example of large webshop to get an overview of what is available, not a recommendation](https://www.thomann.de/se/midi_masterkeyboards.html)
2. Secondly you need a computer. Most computers made the last ten years or even more will do. (And mouse, screen). Internet connection helps.
3. The third part is a program that can do the translation. All of the three "professional" programs does this (Finale, Sibelius, Dorico). At least one of them has a free version (Dorico SE) which you simply download.The free program Musescore is another example that can do it. There are quite a few other programs available that can do similar things, almost all so called DAW-s can do it. (And I have probably forgotten a dozen or more programs).
My general experience is that it can take a bit of work to create a good looking score from my fumbling on the keyboard, but that is me. |
121,792 | I would like to be able to play a piano or keyboard and have what I play stored and reproduced as musical notation. Is that possible? | 2022/03/09 | [
"https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/121792",
"https://music.stackexchange.com",
"https://music.stackexchange.com/users/85925/"
] | This is very feasible, and has been for a long time. You need three things:
1. First a keyboard that captures the pressing down of keys. Today you would probably select a midi keyboard with USB connection. You may check this website to get an overview what is available in the market. [Example of large webshop to get an overview of what is available, not a recommendation](https://www.thomann.de/se/midi_masterkeyboards.html)
2. Secondly you need a computer. Most computers made the last ten years or even more will do. (And mouse, screen). Internet connection helps.
3. The third part is a program that can do the translation. All of the three "professional" programs does this (Finale, Sibelius, Dorico). At least one of them has a free version (Dorico SE) which you simply download.The free program Musescore is another example that can do it. There are quite a few other programs available that can do similar things, almost all so called DAW-s can do it. (And I have probably forgotten a dozen or more programs).
My general experience is that it can take a bit of work to create a good looking score from my fumbling on the keyboard, but that is me. | This solution might involve a bit of a learning curve, but there is some software called [Lilypond](https://lilypond.org/) for typesetting music-notation, and it has a GUI frontend program called [Denemo](http://denemo.org/). In Denemo you can play midi into it and generate beautiful/professional scores. Lilypond/Denemo have an intimidating number of features.
Here are a couple of demo videos of someone using a midi-keyboard to enter notes:
[http://www.denemo.org/~rshann/PitchesFirst.mp4](http://www.denemo.org/%7Ershann/PitchesFirst.mp4)
<https://vimeo.com/62188678>
Caveats:
* I've used Lilypond but haven't actually tried Denemo
* The workflow is a bit clunky-looking
* I am not affiliated with either of these programs in any way.
Other software with similar features:
* Finale can import MIDI files but you can't type in MIDI directly.
* I believe even the free version of Avid's Sibelius software *does* support entering MIDI directly. |
121,792 | I would like to be able to play a piano or keyboard and have what I play stored and reproduced as musical notation. Is that possible? | 2022/03/09 | [
"https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/121792",
"https://music.stackexchange.com",
"https://music.stackexchange.com/users/85925/"
] | Any keyboard that is MIDI capable can be plugged into a computer running notation software.
Although we don't offer recommendations for specific products here, just know that most electronic keyboards support MIDI, and most notation software supports converting what you play into sheet music. | Many MIDI keyboards have built-in recording and playback facilities, for example [this one](https://www.argos.co.uk/product/7834781). Back in the day when PCs were still desk-size monsters and mobile phones only made phone calls, this was the main way you got to record what you played.
These days though, most manufacturers are actually taking that feature out. No-one needs it these days because everyone has a phone or PC they can connect instead, and your phone or PC has way more recording capacity than anything that would be built into the keyboard.
So a far better approach as a beginner is to find a keyboard which plugs into whatever device you're going to be using, and get some software to do the recording. Almost every keyboard these days will come with a bundle of stuff to do that, which will get you started. |
121,792 | I would like to be able to play a piano or keyboard and have what I play stored and reproduced as musical notation. Is that possible? | 2022/03/09 | [
"https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/121792",
"https://music.stackexchange.com",
"https://music.stackexchange.com/users/85925/"
] | Any keyboard that is MIDI capable can be plugged into a computer running notation software.
Although we don't offer recommendations for specific products here, just know that most electronic keyboards support MIDI, and most notation software supports converting what you play into sheet music. | As others have mentioned a MIDI keyboard and notation application that understands MIDI is what you need.
But, two other important things to mention...
* You probably want to check whether/or how the notation application handles rhythm and *quantizing*, which is a kind of rhythmic precision in the capture of your playing. Even if a person plays with very, very good timing an unquantized rhythm will look crazy with dotted rhythms, ties, 64th notes, etc. Quantizing can do something like move rhythms to the closest sixteenth note, depending on the settings used.
* You will likely need to do some manual editing of the captured notation to do things like correct a rhythm, change an accidental, etc. Depending on what you're playing and the software you will probably need to deal with key signatures, meters, staves, etc. If you don't know how to notate music, you won't know how to proof read and correct the capture.
Software can help speed up the process of notation, but it can't substitute for not knowing how to notate music. |
4,908,797 | In my agile development course, after gathering user requirements, I'm asked to write a plan (for developing an application) that is supposed to define project activities, milestones - iterations and deliverables. The plan is actually the work breakdown.
So what should the initial plan in an agile project look like? If I'm giving a plan of everything in advance (as the homework asks), isn't that the waterfall model. If each iteration in agile deals with the whole cycle of plan-do-check-act, then why do we need an initial plan? | 2011/02/05 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/4908797",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/8203/"
] | You need an initial plan because somehow you have to decide how many people are going to work on the project and develop a budget. You can never know what your scope, time, and budget are all going to be, but generally one of these is going to be fixed. Figure out which is the most important and build a plan around that. Without this as a starting point, nobody is going to fund the project.
Build a project backlog with all of the known goals. Then pull out the biggest of the goals as key milestones. Generally, a client needs to see progress towards their desired feature set. A smart client will be prepared to adjust these as the project goes, but you can absolutely lay out a series of goals to give you targets for creating working software with each sprint. | You should read [Planning Extreme Programming](http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=%20extreme%20programing%20by%20kent%20beck&source=web&cd=2&sqi=2&ved=0CDEQFjAB&url=http://www.amazon.com/Planning-Extreme-Programming-Kent-Beck/dp/0201710919&ei=EO7YTqnQNYPftgfXxczsAQ&usg=AFQjCNFoaczbmhVUWYjLhp5qOh3gq1b3tA) by Kent Beck. If you ignore the extreme part of the title you can easly adapt this to your agile methods. |
340,160 | In Tamil, there is a proverb that translates to something like this:
>
> A tiger will not eat grass, no matter how hungry it is.
>
>
>
It essentially is used to describe a situation in which no matter how dire of a situation you're in, you will not use your last resort. In this case, it's used to describe that even if a tiger is starving to death, it won't eat grass (because it's a carnivore). I really couldn't find any sort of English idiom that can accurately describe this Tamil proverb. **Please post all related English idioms as answers, even if they are only partially accurate.**
A possible situation I might use this in: Alice was a hardworking student who believed that she could receive an A in her class without using extra credit.
I might use the idiom to describe Alice in this situation, as she refuses to use her last resort (extra credit), no matter desperate she is (because she believes she can earn an A without extra credit.) | 2016/07/30 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/340160",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/155782/"
] | **"a tiger won't change his stripes"** is a saying, with some variations like: "a **tiger/leopard/zebra** can't change its stripes to spots".
* a person's character, especially if it is bad, will not change.
* certain personal traits are unchangeable.
>
> It means that [a person's character, especially if it is bad, will not change, even if they pretend it has changed.](http://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/A+leopard+can%27t+change+its+spots)
>
>
> * "I doubt very much that marriage will change Chris for the better. A leopard doesn't change its spots."
>
>
>
**EDIT** - If you mean that Alice has an advantage that other people don't know about, you may say that **"she keeps an extra ace up her sleeve"** or **"...a card up her sleeve"**. (keeping it back until the time is right) | ***bred in the bone***, from [Dictionary.com](http://www.dictionary.com/browse/bred-in-the-bone)
>
> 1. firmly instilled or established as if by heredity
> 2. deeply committed or resolved; unwavering
>
>
> the proverb “What is bred in the bone will not come out of the flesh,”
> first recorded in England (in Latin) circa 1290, widespread in various
> versions since the 15th cent
>
>
>
From [Oxford Reference](http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095525826)
>
> Lifelong habits or inherited characteristics cannot be concealed ....
> .. in earlier usage often contained a negative (as in John Heywood's Dialogue of Proverbs (1546), ‘It will not out of the fleshe, that's bred in the bone’
>
>
> |
340,160 | In Tamil, there is a proverb that translates to something like this:
>
> A tiger will not eat grass, no matter how hungry it is.
>
>
>
It essentially is used to describe a situation in which no matter how dire of a situation you're in, you will not use your last resort. In this case, it's used to describe that even if a tiger is starving to death, it won't eat grass (because it's a carnivore). I really couldn't find any sort of English idiom that can accurately describe this Tamil proverb. **Please post all related English idioms as answers, even if they are only partially accurate.**
A possible situation I might use this in: Alice was a hardworking student who believed that she could receive an A in her class without using extra credit.
I might use the idiom to describe Alice in this situation, as she refuses to use her last resort (extra credit), no matter desperate she is (because she believes she can earn an A without extra credit.) | 2016/07/30 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/340160",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/155782/"
] | **"a tiger won't change his stripes"** is a saying, with some variations like: "a **tiger/leopard/zebra** can't change its stripes to spots".
* a person's character, especially if it is bad, will not change.
* certain personal traits are unchangeable.
>
> It means that [a person's character, especially if it is bad, will not change, even if they pretend it has changed.](http://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/A+leopard+can%27t+change+its+spots)
>
>
> * "I doubt very much that marriage will change Chris for the better. A leopard doesn't change its spots."
>
>
>
**EDIT** - If you mean that Alice has an advantage that other people don't know about, you may say that **"she keeps an extra ace up her sleeve"** or **"...a card up her sleeve"**. (keeping it back until the time is right) | If you are willing to loosen your requirement from *will not use* slightly, consider the phrase *Mexican standoff*:
>
> A **Mexican standoff** is a confrontation between two or more parties in which no participant can proceed or retreat without being exposed to danger. As a result, all participants need to maintain the strategic tension, which remains unresolved until some outside event makes it possible to resolve it.
> [- wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_standoff)
>
>
>
Here, the idea is that although there may be a weapon of last resort, using it would lead to a situation no better than not using it. Hence it is not used. A large-scale example of such a situation was the [Cold War](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_War), where although the Western Bloc and Eastern Bloc both possessed weapons that could be classified as *weapons of last resort*, neither side used them. |
340,160 | In Tamil, there is a proverb that translates to something like this:
>
> A tiger will not eat grass, no matter how hungry it is.
>
>
>
It essentially is used to describe a situation in which no matter how dire of a situation you're in, you will not use your last resort. In this case, it's used to describe that even if a tiger is starving to death, it won't eat grass (because it's a carnivore). I really couldn't find any sort of English idiom that can accurately describe this Tamil proverb. **Please post all related English idioms as answers, even if they are only partially accurate.**
A possible situation I might use this in: Alice was a hardworking student who believed that she could receive an A in her class without using extra credit.
I might use the idiom to describe Alice in this situation, as she refuses to use her last resort (extra credit), no matter desperate she is (because she believes she can earn an A without extra credit.) | 2016/07/30 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/340160",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/155782/"
] | **"a tiger won't change his stripes"** is a saying, with some variations like: "a **tiger/leopard/zebra** can't change its stripes to spots".
* a person's character, especially if it is bad, will not change.
* certain personal traits are unchangeable.
>
> It means that [a person's character, especially if it is bad, will not change, even if they pretend it has changed.](http://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/A+leopard+can%27t+change+its+spots)
>
>
> * "I doubt very much that marriage will change Chris for the better. A leopard doesn't change its spots."
>
>
>
**EDIT** - If you mean that Alice has an advantage that other people don't know about, you may say that **"she keeps an extra ace up her sleeve"** or **"...a card up her sleeve"**. (keeping it back until the time is right) | >
> [You can take a horse to water but you can't make it drink](http://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/You+can+lead+a+horse+to+water)
>
>
>
is an idiom that means that you can present to people a favorable situation for which all they have to do is act to take advantage of, but you can't force them to do this good thing for themselves. This is sort of like advice, you can give it but you can't make someone take your advice. |
340,160 | In Tamil, there is a proverb that translates to something like this:
>
> A tiger will not eat grass, no matter how hungry it is.
>
>
>
It essentially is used to describe a situation in which no matter how dire of a situation you're in, you will not use your last resort. In this case, it's used to describe that even if a tiger is starving to death, it won't eat grass (because it's a carnivore). I really couldn't find any sort of English idiom that can accurately describe this Tamil proverb. **Please post all related English idioms as answers, even if they are only partially accurate.**
A possible situation I might use this in: Alice was a hardworking student who believed that she could receive an A in her class without using extra credit.
I might use the idiom to describe Alice in this situation, as she refuses to use her last resort (extra credit), no matter desperate she is (because she believes she can earn an A without extra credit.) | 2016/07/30 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/340160",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/155782/"
] | **"a tiger won't change his stripes"** is a saying, with some variations like: "a **tiger/leopard/zebra** can't change its stripes to spots".
* a person's character, especially if it is bad, will not change.
* certain personal traits are unchangeable.
>
> It means that [a person's character, especially if it is bad, will not change, even if they pretend it has changed.](http://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/A+leopard+can%27t+change+its+spots)
>
>
> * "I doubt very much that marriage will change Chris for the better. A leopard doesn't change its spots."
>
>
>
**EDIT** - If you mean that Alice has an advantage that other people don't know about, you may say that **"she keeps an extra ace up her sleeve"** or **"...a card up her sleeve"**. (keeping it back until the time is right) | “Old habits die hard” is also a common proverb used nowadays. From my understanding, I believe it means that it’s very hard for someone to change especially if it was from something bad, though change is constant so is habit. |
340,160 | In Tamil, there is a proverb that translates to something like this:
>
> A tiger will not eat grass, no matter how hungry it is.
>
>
>
It essentially is used to describe a situation in which no matter how dire of a situation you're in, you will not use your last resort. In this case, it's used to describe that even if a tiger is starving to death, it won't eat grass (because it's a carnivore). I really couldn't find any sort of English idiom that can accurately describe this Tamil proverb. **Please post all related English idioms as answers, even if they are only partially accurate.**
A possible situation I might use this in: Alice was a hardworking student who believed that she could receive an A in her class without using extra credit.
I might use the idiom to describe Alice in this situation, as she refuses to use her last resort (extra credit), no matter desperate she is (because she believes she can earn an A without extra credit.) | 2016/07/30 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/340160",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/155782/"
] | If you are willing to loosen your requirement from *will not use* slightly, consider the phrase *Mexican standoff*:
>
> A **Mexican standoff** is a confrontation between two or more parties in which no participant can proceed or retreat without being exposed to danger. As a result, all participants need to maintain the strategic tension, which remains unresolved until some outside event makes it possible to resolve it.
> [- wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_standoff)
>
>
>
Here, the idea is that although there may be a weapon of last resort, using it would lead to a situation no better than not using it. Hence it is not used. A large-scale example of such a situation was the [Cold War](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_War), where although the Western Bloc and Eastern Bloc both possessed weapons that could be classified as *weapons of last resort*, neither side used them. | ***bred in the bone***, from [Dictionary.com](http://www.dictionary.com/browse/bred-in-the-bone)
>
> 1. firmly instilled or established as if by heredity
> 2. deeply committed or resolved; unwavering
>
>
> the proverb “What is bred in the bone will not come out of the flesh,”
> first recorded in England (in Latin) circa 1290, widespread in various
> versions since the 15th cent
>
>
>
From [Oxford Reference](http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095525826)
>
> Lifelong habits or inherited characteristics cannot be concealed ....
> .. in earlier usage often contained a negative (as in John Heywood's Dialogue of Proverbs (1546), ‘It will not out of the fleshe, that's bred in the bone’
>
>
> |
340,160 | In Tamil, there is a proverb that translates to something like this:
>
> A tiger will not eat grass, no matter how hungry it is.
>
>
>
It essentially is used to describe a situation in which no matter how dire of a situation you're in, you will not use your last resort. In this case, it's used to describe that even if a tiger is starving to death, it won't eat grass (because it's a carnivore). I really couldn't find any sort of English idiom that can accurately describe this Tamil proverb. **Please post all related English idioms as answers, even if they are only partially accurate.**
A possible situation I might use this in: Alice was a hardworking student who believed that she could receive an A in her class without using extra credit.
I might use the idiom to describe Alice in this situation, as she refuses to use her last resort (extra credit), no matter desperate she is (because she believes she can earn an A without extra credit.) | 2016/07/30 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/340160",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/155782/"
] | >
> [You can take a horse to water but you can't make it drink](http://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/You+can+lead+a+horse+to+water)
>
>
>
is an idiom that means that you can present to people a favorable situation for which all they have to do is act to take advantage of, but you can't force them to do this good thing for themselves. This is sort of like advice, you can give it but you can't make someone take your advice. | ***bred in the bone***, from [Dictionary.com](http://www.dictionary.com/browse/bred-in-the-bone)
>
> 1. firmly instilled or established as if by heredity
> 2. deeply committed or resolved; unwavering
>
>
> the proverb “What is bred in the bone will not come out of the flesh,”
> first recorded in England (in Latin) circa 1290, widespread in various
> versions since the 15th cent
>
>
>
From [Oxford Reference](http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095525826)
>
> Lifelong habits or inherited characteristics cannot be concealed ....
> .. in earlier usage often contained a negative (as in John Heywood's Dialogue of Proverbs (1546), ‘It will not out of the fleshe, that's bred in the bone’
>
>
> |
340,160 | In Tamil, there is a proverb that translates to something like this:
>
> A tiger will not eat grass, no matter how hungry it is.
>
>
>
It essentially is used to describe a situation in which no matter how dire of a situation you're in, you will not use your last resort. In this case, it's used to describe that even if a tiger is starving to death, it won't eat grass (because it's a carnivore). I really couldn't find any sort of English idiom that can accurately describe this Tamil proverb. **Please post all related English idioms as answers, even if they are only partially accurate.**
A possible situation I might use this in: Alice was a hardworking student who believed that she could receive an A in her class without using extra credit.
I might use the idiom to describe Alice in this situation, as she refuses to use her last resort (extra credit), no matter desperate she is (because she believes she can earn an A without extra credit.) | 2016/07/30 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/340160",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/155782/"
] | If you are willing to loosen your requirement from *will not use* slightly, consider the phrase *Mexican standoff*:
>
> A **Mexican standoff** is a confrontation between two or more parties in which no participant can proceed or retreat without being exposed to danger. As a result, all participants need to maintain the strategic tension, which remains unresolved until some outside event makes it possible to resolve it.
> [- wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_standoff)
>
>
>
Here, the idea is that although there may be a weapon of last resort, using it would lead to a situation no better than not using it. Hence it is not used. A large-scale example of such a situation was the [Cold War](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_War), where although the Western Bloc and Eastern Bloc both possessed weapons that could be classified as *weapons of last resort*, neither side used them. | “Old habits die hard” is also a common proverb used nowadays. From my understanding, I believe it means that it’s very hard for someone to change especially if it was from something bad, though change is constant so is habit. |
340,160 | In Tamil, there is a proverb that translates to something like this:
>
> A tiger will not eat grass, no matter how hungry it is.
>
>
>
It essentially is used to describe a situation in which no matter how dire of a situation you're in, you will not use your last resort. In this case, it's used to describe that even if a tiger is starving to death, it won't eat grass (because it's a carnivore). I really couldn't find any sort of English idiom that can accurately describe this Tamil proverb. **Please post all related English idioms as answers, even if they are only partially accurate.**
A possible situation I might use this in: Alice was a hardworking student who believed that she could receive an A in her class without using extra credit.
I might use the idiom to describe Alice in this situation, as she refuses to use her last resort (extra credit), no matter desperate she is (because she believes she can earn an A without extra credit.) | 2016/07/30 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/340160",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/155782/"
] | >
> [You can take a horse to water but you can't make it drink](http://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/You+can+lead+a+horse+to+water)
>
>
>
is an idiom that means that you can present to people a favorable situation for which all they have to do is act to take advantage of, but you can't force them to do this good thing for themselves. This is sort of like advice, you can give it but you can't make someone take your advice. | “Old habits die hard” is also a common proverb used nowadays. From my understanding, I believe it means that it’s very hard for someone to change especially if it was from something bad, though change is constant so is habit. |
436 | During the termination of the latest ice age the warming climate leading from glacial to interglacial conditions was abruptly reverted by a distinct but short (about 1300 years in duration) cold event, referred to as the Younger Dryas. This event resulted in substantial moraine zones around the southern edges of the Fennoscandian ice sheet, indicating a halt in retreat. There are also evidence of strong permafrost conditions in the periglacial area. What caused this cold event? | 2014/04/22 | [
"https://earthscience.stackexchange.com/questions/436",
"https://earthscience.stackexchange.com",
"https://earthscience.stackexchange.com/users/81/"
] | The most accepted theory is that the Younger Dryas was caused by a large reduction or shutdown of the North Atlantic "Conveyor" because of a sudden influx of fresh water from Lake Agassiz and deglaciation in North America.
(Although evidence for such an event is thus far lacking.) The global climate would then have become locked into this new state until freezing removed the fresh water "lid" from the north Atlantic Ocean.
Another theory suggests that the jet stream shifted northward in response to the changing topographic forcing of the melting North American ice sheet, which then brought more rain to the North Atlantic which freshened the ocean surface enough to slow the thermohaline circulation.
<http://geosciencesocietysio.wordpress.com/2014/05/04/paleoclimate-what-caused-the-younger-dryas-event/> | In addition to the theories mentioned by Azzie Rogers, there is another intriguing (but highly tentative) hypothesis: the YD may have been triggered by a large cosmic impact event. The results of a major study of impact-derived spherules at the time of the YD were recently published by Wittke et al. (2013). I should reiterate, though, that this is not currently a very well-supported hypothesis: the paper makes a fairly convincing case for the occurrence of some kind of impact, but mentions the possible climatic effect mainly as an avenue for future study:
>
> The YD impact at 12.8 ka is coincidental with major
> environmental events, including abrupt cooling at the YD onset,
> major extinction of some end-Pleistocene megafauna, disappearance
> of Clovis cultural traditions, widespread biomass
> burning, and often, the deposition of dark, carbon-rich sediments
> (black mat). It is reasonable to hypothesize a relationship between
> these events and the YDB impact, although much work
> remains to understand the causal mechanisms.
>
>
>
So, definitely not a frontrunner for the YD trigger as yet, but one to keep an eye on if further evidence accumulates. The paper is open access, and makes for an interesting read.
* Wittke, J. H., Weaver, J. C., Bunch, T. E., Kennett, J. P., Kennett, D. J., Moore, A. M., ... & Firestone, R. B. (2013). Evidence for deposition of 10 million tonnes of impact spherules across four continents 12,800 y ago. *Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences*, 110(23), E2088-E2097. DOI: [10.1073/pnas.1301760110](http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1301760110) |
229,165 | I’m trying to replace an electrical outlet. As I tried to unscrew the screws holding the outlet to the box, the heads broke off; one is basically flush while the other has a little bit of the shaft still visible.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/eZ6fh.jpg)
How can I attach the new receptacle to the box? I don’t feel confident enough to try to drill out the old screws. I’m not sure what to do. | 2021/07/15 | [
"https://diy.stackexchange.com/questions/229165",
"https://diy.stackexchange.com",
"https://diy.stackexchange.com/users/123855/"
] | Drill out or remove the old screws with pliers or cut slits with a dremel.
Failing that, remove the old box and replace it. | The tool you need is called a [screw extractor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screw_extractor). If you have a 1/16 or 1/32 bit, the extractor works even better if you can drill a tiny pilot hole in the broken screw before using the extractor. |
229,165 | I’m trying to replace an electrical outlet. As I tried to unscrew the screws holding the outlet to the box, the heads broke off; one is basically flush while the other has a little bit of the shaft still visible.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/eZ6fh.jpg)
How can I attach the new receptacle to the box? I don’t feel confident enough to try to drill out the old screws. I’m not sure what to do. | 2021/07/15 | [
"https://diy.stackexchange.com/questions/229165",
"https://diy.stackexchange.com",
"https://diy.stackexchange.com/users/123855/"
] | Bottom screw: pliers.
Top screw: "mushroom" the plastic around the broken screw by melting it with the head of a common nail held in a propane torch flame for a few seconds. When enough of the screw is exposed, use pliers. | Drill out or remove the old screws with pliers or cut slits with a dremel.
Failing that, remove the old box and replace it. |
229,165 | I’m trying to replace an electrical outlet. As I tried to unscrew the screws holding the outlet to the box, the heads broke off; one is basically flush while the other has a little bit of the shaft still visible.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/eZ6fh.jpg)
How can I attach the new receptacle to the box? I don’t feel confident enough to try to drill out the old screws. I’m not sure what to do. | 2021/07/15 | [
"https://diy.stackexchange.com/questions/229165",
"https://diy.stackexchange.com",
"https://diy.stackexchange.com/users/123855/"
] | Trying to drill out the screws is not a workable solution for the type of electrical box shown in the picture. The plastic or composite material that the box is made of is much softer than the steel screws. Attempting to drill the screw, especially with a hand drill, will just lead to the drill bit skidding off the top of the screw and digging into the adjacent plastic.
The screw that still has some of its threads sticking out may be able to be removed by clamping onto the stub with a small pair of "Vise Grip" type pliers and turning it with the pliers once gripped on.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/WM2Yf.png)
*[Picture Source](https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/B0015YJDNK)*
The problem still exists however with the other screw and even if you are able to remove the one with the stub you are still faced with the need that this electrical box will have to be replaced with a new one.
There are a variety of electrical box types called old-work boxes that clamp to the wall board and can be used as a replacement as long as you can get the old box out of the way. That old box is likely nailed to a stud on one side or the other. Removal usually involves removing some wall board and then patching up once the new box is in place. However it is sometimes possible to use one of those hack saws where the blade sticks out the end. You can use it to saw between the side of the stud and the old box to cut off the nails that mount it in place. If done carefully you may just be lucky enough to be able to remount an old-work box in the same hole.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/WDaUa.png)
*[Picture Source](https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/B003VY8WA2)*
Another replacement alternative is to mount a new double wide box and then provide a pair of the dual outlets. With careful work you can enlarge the opening just right for the double wide box to fit. This can give you room to work on the removal of the old box even if that means breaking it apart into pieces. Note that there are some clever modern electrical box designs that can mount to the side of the stud using screws that are accessed at an angle from the inside area of the box. Some of these boxes are even adjustable to get just the right wall surface match with the face of the electrical box.
Here is an example of one of the screw mount dual width boxes:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Odv3N.png)
*[Picture Source](https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/B00H8NUVRO)* | The tool you need is called a [screw extractor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screw_extractor). If you have a 1/16 or 1/32 bit, the extractor works even better if you can drill a tiny pilot hole in the broken screw before using the extractor. |
229,165 | I’m trying to replace an electrical outlet. As I tried to unscrew the screws holding the outlet to the box, the heads broke off; one is basically flush while the other has a little bit of the shaft still visible.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/eZ6fh.jpg)
How can I attach the new receptacle to the box? I don’t feel confident enough to try to drill out the old screws. I’m not sure what to do. | 2021/07/15 | [
"https://diy.stackexchange.com/questions/229165",
"https://diy.stackexchange.com",
"https://diy.stackexchange.com/users/123855/"
] | I tried using some PB blaster on the screws, then tried vice grips on the bottom screw. Tried notching the top screw with a Dremel so I could use a flathead on it. These techniques did not work, unfortunately. I’m in a bit of a time crunch, so I didn’t want to try and replace the box and risk having to patch/paint the wall.
I ended up drilling the screws out despite my hesitation. I first used a 1/32” bit, then a 1/16” bit, and finally a 1/8” bit to clean out the holes. The screws were soft enough (likely why they snapped in the first place) that it didn’t take long to drill through them. I swapped out the machined screws on the receptacle with a couple wood screws with coarse threads to grip the plastic. It’s mounted solid and looks great! Thanks for all the suggestions here. | If you're looking for a solution that doesn't involve replacing the box, using pliers or a vice grip will work for the bottom screw, as mentioned in other answers.
For the top one, you could try digging out a bit of the plastic around the screw with a utility knife, in order to give enough space to grab the screw shaft with vice grips or pliers, and remove it that way. As long as you don't dig away too much of the plastic, a new screw should still hold. |
229,165 | I’m trying to replace an electrical outlet. As I tried to unscrew the screws holding the outlet to the box, the heads broke off; one is basically flush while the other has a little bit of the shaft still visible.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/eZ6fh.jpg)
How can I attach the new receptacle to the box? I don’t feel confident enough to try to drill out the old screws. I’m not sure what to do. | 2021/07/15 | [
"https://diy.stackexchange.com/questions/229165",
"https://diy.stackexchange.com",
"https://diy.stackexchange.com/users/123855/"
] | I tried using some PB blaster on the screws, then tried vice grips on the bottom screw. Tried notching the top screw with a Dremel so I could use a flathead on it. These techniques did not work, unfortunately. I’m in a bit of a time crunch, so I didn’t want to try and replace the box and risk having to patch/paint the wall.
I ended up drilling the screws out despite my hesitation. I first used a 1/32” bit, then a 1/16” bit, and finally a 1/8” bit to clean out the holes. The screws were soft enough (likely why they snapped in the first place) that it didn’t take long to drill through them. I swapped out the machined screws on the receptacle with a couple wood screws with coarse threads to grip the plastic. It’s mounted solid and looks great! Thanks for all the suggestions here. | The tool you need is called a [screw extractor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screw_extractor). If you have a 1/16 or 1/32 bit, the extractor works even better if you can drill a tiny pilot hole in the broken screw before using the extractor. |
229,165 | I’m trying to replace an electrical outlet. As I tried to unscrew the screws holding the outlet to the box, the heads broke off; one is basically flush while the other has a little bit of the shaft still visible.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/eZ6fh.jpg)
How can I attach the new receptacle to the box? I don’t feel confident enough to try to drill out the old screws. I’m not sure what to do. | 2021/07/15 | [
"https://diy.stackexchange.com/questions/229165",
"https://diy.stackexchange.com",
"https://diy.stackexchange.com/users/123855/"
] | Bottom screw: pliers.
Top screw: "mushroom" the plastic around the broken screw by melting it with the head of a common nail held in a propane torch flame for a few seconds. When enough of the screw is exposed, use pliers. | If you're looking for a solution that doesn't involve replacing the box, using pliers or a vice grip will work for the bottom screw, as mentioned in other answers.
For the top one, you could try digging out a bit of the plastic around the screw with a utility knife, in order to give enough space to grab the screw shaft with vice grips or pliers, and remove it that way. As long as you don't dig away too much of the plastic, a new screw should still hold. |
229,165 | I’m trying to replace an electrical outlet. As I tried to unscrew the screws holding the outlet to the box, the heads broke off; one is basically flush while the other has a little bit of the shaft still visible.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/eZ6fh.jpg)
How can I attach the new receptacle to the box? I don’t feel confident enough to try to drill out the old screws. I’m not sure what to do. | 2021/07/15 | [
"https://diy.stackexchange.com/questions/229165",
"https://diy.stackexchange.com",
"https://diy.stackexchange.com/users/123855/"
] | Trying to drill out the screws is not a workable solution for the type of electrical box shown in the picture. The plastic or composite material that the box is made of is much softer than the steel screws. Attempting to drill the screw, especially with a hand drill, will just lead to the drill bit skidding off the top of the screw and digging into the adjacent plastic.
The screw that still has some of its threads sticking out may be able to be removed by clamping onto the stub with a small pair of "Vise Grip" type pliers and turning it with the pliers once gripped on.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/WM2Yf.png)
*[Picture Source](https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/B0015YJDNK)*
The problem still exists however with the other screw and even if you are able to remove the one with the stub you are still faced with the need that this electrical box will have to be replaced with a new one.
There are a variety of electrical box types called old-work boxes that clamp to the wall board and can be used as a replacement as long as you can get the old box out of the way. That old box is likely nailed to a stud on one side or the other. Removal usually involves removing some wall board and then patching up once the new box is in place. However it is sometimes possible to use one of those hack saws where the blade sticks out the end. You can use it to saw between the side of the stud and the old box to cut off the nails that mount it in place. If done carefully you may just be lucky enough to be able to remount an old-work box in the same hole.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/WDaUa.png)
*[Picture Source](https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/B003VY8WA2)*
Another replacement alternative is to mount a new double wide box and then provide a pair of the dual outlets. With careful work you can enlarge the opening just right for the double wide box to fit. This can give you room to work on the removal of the old box even if that means breaking it apart into pieces. Note that there are some clever modern electrical box designs that can mount to the side of the stud using screws that are accessed at an angle from the inside area of the box. Some of these boxes are even adjustable to get just the right wall surface match with the face of the electrical box.
Here is an example of one of the screw mount dual width boxes:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Odv3N.png)
*[Picture Source](https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/B00H8NUVRO)* | If you're looking for a solution that doesn't involve replacing the box, using pliers or a vice grip will work for the bottom screw, as mentioned in other answers.
For the top one, you could try digging out a bit of the plastic around the screw with a utility knife, in order to give enough space to grab the screw shaft with vice grips or pliers, and remove it that way. As long as you don't dig away too much of the plastic, a new screw should still hold. |
229,165 | I’m trying to replace an electrical outlet. As I tried to unscrew the screws holding the outlet to the box, the heads broke off; one is basically flush while the other has a little bit of the shaft still visible.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/eZ6fh.jpg)
How can I attach the new receptacle to the box? I don’t feel confident enough to try to drill out the old screws. I’m not sure what to do. | 2021/07/15 | [
"https://diy.stackexchange.com/questions/229165",
"https://diy.stackexchange.com",
"https://diy.stackexchange.com/users/123855/"
] | I tried using some PB blaster on the screws, then tried vice grips on the bottom screw. Tried notching the top screw with a Dremel so I could use a flathead on it. These techniques did not work, unfortunately. I’m in a bit of a time crunch, so I didn’t want to try and replace the box and risk having to patch/paint the wall.
I ended up drilling the screws out despite my hesitation. I first used a 1/32” bit, then a 1/16” bit, and finally a 1/8” bit to clean out the holes. The screws were soft enough (likely why they snapped in the first place) that it didn’t take long to drill through them. I swapped out the machined screws on the receptacle with a couple wood screws with coarse threads to grip the plastic. It’s mounted solid and looks great! Thanks for all the suggestions here. | Drill out or remove the old screws with pliers or cut slits with a dremel.
Failing that, remove the old box and replace it. |
229,165 | I’m trying to replace an electrical outlet. As I tried to unscrew the screws holding the outlet to the box, the heads broke off; one is basically flush while the other has a little bit of the shaft still visible.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/eZ6fh.jpg)
How can I attach the new receptacle to the box? I don’t feel confident enough to try to drill out the old screws. I’m not sure what to do. | 2021/07/15 | [
"https://diy.stackexchange.com/questions/229165",
"https://diy.stackexchange.com",
"https://diy.stackexchange.com/users/123855/"
] | Bottom screw: pliers.
Top screw: "mushroom" the plastic around the broken screw by melting it with the head of a common nail held in a propane torch flame for a few seconds. When enough of the screw is exposed, use pliers. | The tool you need is called a [screw extractor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screw_extractor). If you have a 1/16 or 1/32 bit, the extractor works even better if you can drill a tiny pilot hole in the broken screw before using the extractor. |
229,165 | I’m trying to replace an electrical outlet. As I tried to unscrew the screws holding the outlet to the box, the heads broke off; one is basically flush while the other has a little bit of the shaft still visible.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/eZ6fh.jpg)
How can I attach the new receptacle to the box? I don’t feel confident enough to try to drill out the old screws. I’m not sure what to do. | 2021/07/15 | [
"https://diy.stackexchange.com/questions/229165",
"https://diy.stackexchange.com",
"https://diy.stackexchange.com/users/123855/"
] | If you're looking for a solution that doesn't involve replacing the box, using pliers or a vice grip will work for the bottom screw, as mentioned in other answers.
For the top one, you could try digging out a bit of the plastic around the screw with a utility knife, in order to give enough space to grab the screw shaft with vice grips or pliers, and remove it that way. As long as you don't dig away too much of the plastic, a new screw should still hold. | The tool you need is called a [screw extractor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screw_extractor). If you have a 1/16 or 1/32 bit, the extractor works even better if you can drill a tiny pilot hole in the broken screw before using the extractor. |
28,828 | I am trying to understand this problem:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/AaHM5.jpg)
If we break down the 10T, they behave like this:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/R4TRl.jpg)
The right end of the beam can move as much as it wants, but the left end is pinned.
Why is there no horizontal reaction at A, if there is a horizontal part of the forces being applied on the beam axis?
I imagine, the force will push one section, and each section will push the next one, until the end, where it will create a reaction, just like the vertical forces are doing?
Thank you a lot. | 2019/06/16 | [
"https://engineering.stackexchange.com/questions/28828",
"https://engineering.stackexchange.com",
"https://engineering.stackexchange.com/users/20865/"
] | Think about the three members that form the triangle EBC.
There is no horizontal load applied at E.
You know there is no horizontal load applied at C by beam CD, because there is a roller bearing at D.
Therefore by equilibrium, there is no horizontal load applied at B.
Therefore there is no horizontal tension in beam AB and no horizontal reaction at A.
Of course there will be horizontal tension in BC, but that will be balanced at each end by the horizontal components of tension in EB and EC. | You are more than overthinking this. Keep it simple. For an object at rest:
* ΣF(x) = 0 [sum of vertical forces = zero]
* ΣF(y) = 0 [sum of horizontal forces = zero]
* ΣMoments() = 0 [sum of moments about any point = zero]
Free body diagram of beam.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/2CmYj.jpg)
Again, ΣF(x) = 0. With the diagram drawn this way, what do you thing Force A (in the x direction) is? |
53,662 | I've heard that they collect the IMEI number. Can you refuse consent to this and what happens if you don't unlock it? Further, are they allowed to look into your messages? Further what happens if they open it for one purpose and then catch notice incidentally of some incriminating information? Can that be used against one? | 2020/07/27 | [
"https://law.stackexchange.com/questions/53662",
"https://law.stackexchange.com",
"https://law.stackexchange.com/users/32669/"
] | They can do it before you are arrested and without a warrant
------------------------------------------------------------
They have this power under the [Investigatory Powers Act 2016](https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/investigatory-powers-bill). | The IMEI can get accessed *without* getting into your phone OS or it even being on because it has to be physically written onto it or a sticker in it. [iPhones](https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT204073) have it in the SIM tray and on the backside. And Apple will gleefully tell you the SN in exchange for the IMEI and vice versa.
They gave the right to get the IMEI to identify if a phone is reported stolen and to make sure you get back your own phone when released from custody. They may also find a lack of a SN or IMEI highly suspect and warent further and deeper investigation if this is a stolen property. |
23,491 | I am a citizen of India (third-country national?) and I currently reside in the United States. I will be joining a job in France on a "Long stay French visa". I was looking around the web to see if I could find correct information about whether or not I would be allowed to travel freely within the Schengen states on a long stay visa.
I came across [this answer](https://travel.stackexchange.com/a/11119/2236) which says that "Third-country nationals who are long-term residents in a Schengen state may also acquire the right to move to and settle in another Schengen state without losing their legal status and social benefits."
So assuming that I am a "third country" national, how do I **acquire the right** to travel for tourism?
I am yet to apply for a long stay visa but I was just considering my options and possibilities right now. | 2014/01/21 | [
"https://travel.stackexchange.com/questions/23491",
"https://travel.stackexchange.com",
"https://travel.stackexchange.com/users/2236/"
] | If you are a resident of one of the Schengen countries you can automatically travel in the other Schengen countries. This is not something you need to "acquire".
In theory the 90/180 rule applies, but in practice there are no border checks between Schengen countries, and your movements are not tracked, so you are basically free to travel where you want, when you want. | Having a Schengen visa only gives the right to travel , not to reside in another Schengen country. Even EU citizens have to request a residence visa for any country other than their own after 3 months , and this will only be given if the person can prove being able to support themselves through having a job or pension . And the person will also have to register their national health card with the local health authority. |
26 | Cellular phones are taking ever increasing part in our lives, and I keep hearing people saying they are harmful to our health.
Are there any scientific researches so far proving or disproving those claims?
I found couple of semi-scientific articles:
1. [Is there any link between cellphones and cancer?](http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/expert-answers/cell-phones-and-cancer/faq-20057798) which says:
>
> The possible connection between cellphones and cancer is controversial. Many years' worth of studies on cellphones and cancer have yielded conflicting results
>
> ...
>
> In one study that followed more than 420,000 cellphone users over a 20-year period, researchers found no evidence of a link between cellphones and brain tumors
>
> ...
>
> Another recent study suggested a possible increased risk of glioma — a specific type of brain tumor — for the heaviest cellphone users, but no increase in brain tumor risk overall.
>
>
>
2. [Long-term Cell Phone Use Linked to Brain Tumor Risk](http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/834888) which says:
>
> Long-term use of both mobile and cordless phones is associated with an increased risk for glioma, the most common type of brain tumor, the latest research on the subject concludes.
>
> The new study shows that the risk for glioma was tripled among those using a wireless phone for more than 25 years and that the risk was also greater for those who had started using mobile or cordless phones before age 20 years.
>
>
>
Though the second appears to conclude direct health risk, I'm pretty sure it's not yet any hard proof otherwise we would have seen huge lawsuits being filed all over the place.
If really harmful, what factors are in place e.g. cellular phone model, signal strength, etc? | 2015/03/31 | [
"https://health.stackexchange.com/questions/26",
"https://health.stackexchange.com",
"https://health.stackexchange.com/users/45/"
] | The IARC has concluded that [cell phones are a "possible carcinogen"](http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/causes-prevention/risk/radiation/cell-phones-fact-sheet) due to the amount of evidence going both directions.
The gist of it is summarised on the website itself:
>
> * Cell phones emit radiofrequency energy, a form of non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation, which can be absorbed by tissues closest to
> where the phone is held.
> * The amount of radiofrequency energy a cell phone user is exposed to depends on the technology of the phone, the distance between the
> phone’s antenna and the user, the extent and type of use, and the
> user’s distance from cell phone towers.
> * Studies thus far have not shown a consistent link between cell phone use and cancers of the brain, nerves, or other tissues of the head or
> neck. More research is needed because cell phone technology and how
> people use cell phones have been changing rapidly.
>
>
>
[Mobile phone and cordless phone use and the risk for glioma – Analysis of pooled case-control studies in Sweden, 1997–2003 and 2007–2009](http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0928468014000649) | >
> Exposure to ionizing radiation, such as from x-rays, is known to increase the risk of cancer. However, although many studies have examined the potential health effects of non-ionizing radiation from radar, microwave ovens, cell phones, and other sources, there is currently no consistent evidence that non-ionizing radiation increases cancer risk [(1)](http://ec.europa.eu/health/scientific_committees/emerging/docs/scenihr_o_041.pdf).
>
>
>
**Source**: <http://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/radiation/cell-phones-fact-sheet#q2>
You might find my answer to [this question](https://health.stackexchange.com/questions/5847/is-wi-fi-harmful-to-ones-health) helpful. |
11,142,626 | When it comes to password security there are things that people agree on like storing salted hashes of passwords, which gives a statistical defense against a compromised model and data.
What some don't seem to agree with are what to do with the salts. There are an infinite number of techniques you can do to try to protect the salts as well, but many experts will suggest that they are just pointless obfuscation of the security model, and that over time the model will be exposed, and I find myself disagreeing with this, but I may not be understanding the other viewpoint.
What I don't understand is if your model is compromised, why should you assume a full compromise instead of a partial? If your security model is distributed across different pieces of infrastructure which aren't equally secured, a partial compromise might not even be a problem. (If you do something like, say, encrypt the salt and retrieve the encryption-key from a more highly secured environment that is less likely to be compromised)
I'm assuming that a compromise isn't always 100% here. I've never had a system hacked nor have I ever hacked so I don't have the complete picture. | 2012/06/21 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/11142626",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/1472592/"
] | >
> if your model is compromised, why should you assume a full compromise
> instead of a partial?
>
>
>
You should always assume the worst case in security. This is the safest approach.
>
> a partial compromise might not even be a problem
>
>
>
Perhaps. But are you really sure?
In your OP you are basing your analysis on too many assumptions. Perhaps in a very specific setup your evaluation that a partial compromise might not be a problem might be justifiable.
But then again you assume that the attacker is not good enough to find a hole.
Don't base your security model on assumptions. | Security through obscurity, is, at best, a gamble. Does it pay to store the salt somewhere else? Probably. But you have to look at the cost versus reward when you start getting into these multi-step security setups. I would say, if your application requires it, you will know it. Otherwise, adding more steps into the application for the sake of having super intense security may only give yourself headaches when things go wrong. Not everyone needs NASA level security for their systems. That isn't to say security isn't important. It's just that you need to temper it to your current environment. |
11,142,626 | When it comes to password security there are things that people agree on like storing salted hashes of passwords, which gives a statistical defense against a compromised model and data.
What some don't seem to agree with are what to do with the salts. There are an infinite number of techniques you can do to try to protect the salts as well, but many experts will suggest that they are just pointless obfuscation of the security model, and that over time the model will be exposed, and I find myself disagreeing with this, but I may not be understanding the other viewpoint.
What I don't understand is if your model is compromised, why should you assume a full compromise instead of a partial? If your security model is distributed across different pieces of infrastructure which aren't equally secured, a partial compromise might not even be a problem. (If you do something like, say, encrypt the salt and retrieve the encryption-key from a more highly secured environment that is less likely to be compromised)
I'm assuming that a compromise isn't always 100% here. I've never had a system hacked nor have I ever hacked so I don't have the complete picture. | 2012/06/21 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/11142626",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/1472592/"
] | The big difference between obfuscation and encryption is that what is obfuscated can be clarified *without the need for anything beyond the obfuscated information* - as long as you can figure out the type of data you are looking at, then you can find a way to clarify it.
Encryption, meanwhile, can only be decrypted with the right key/password/cracking tool. Encrypted data without those things is very secure.
Consequently obfuscation can at best slow down a determined attacker, although it might put off a less determined one. There are many easier and more maintainable things you can do around the security of your system and your servers to harden them against less determined attackers, so the cost of obfuscation in terms of additional work for you and your systems is rarely justified in my opinion.
To assume a compromise is not 100% when one occurs is a very risky endeavour as what you are actually assuming is that you are smarter and more aware of your system than your attacker. You may be right, but if you *assume* it and you are wrong then you are in very serious trouble indeed. You have to prove it, and given the problems with proving a negative it is safer to act as though you have been compromised completely when a compromise occurs and to design your systems so that they are as secure as possible even in the situation where a total compromise has occurred. | Security through obscurity, is, at best, a gamble. Does it pay to store the salt somewhere else? Probably. But you have to look at the cost versus reward when you start getting into these multi-step security setups. I would say, if your application requires it, you will know it. Otherwise, adding more steps into the application for the sake of having super intense security may only give yourself headaches when things go wrong. Not everyone needs NASA level security for their systems. That isn't to say security isn't important. It's just that you need to temper it to your current environment. |
11,142,626 | When it comes to password security there are things that people agree on like storing salted hashes of passwords, which gives a statistical defense against a compromised model and data.
What some don't seem to agree with are what to do with the salts. There are an infinite number of techniques you can do to try to protect the salts as well, but many experts will suggest that they are just pointless obfuscation of the security model, and that over time the model will be exposed, and I find myself disagreeing with this, but I may not be understanding the other viewpoint.
What I don't understand is if your model is compromised, why should you assume a full compromise instead of a partial? If your security model is distributed across different pieces of infrastructure which aren't equally secured, a partial compromise might not even be a problem. (If you do something like, say, encrypt the salt and retrieve the encryption-key from a more highly secured environment that is less likely to be compromised)
I'm assuming that a compromise isn't always 100% here. I've never had a system hacked nor have I ever hacked so I don't have the complete picture. | 2012/06/21 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/11142626",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/1472592/"
] | The big difference between obfuscation and encryption is that what is obfuscated can be clarified *without the need for anything beyond the obfuscated information* - as long as you can figure out the type of data you are looking at, then you can find a way to clarify it.
Encryption, meanwhile, can only be decrypted with the right key/password/cracking tool. Encrypted data without those things is very secure.
Consequently obfuscation can at best slow down a determined attacker, although it might put off a less determined one. There are many easier and more maintainable things you can do around the security of your system and your servers to harden them against less determined attackers, so the cost of obfuscation in terms of additional work for you and your systems is rarely justified in my opinion.
To assume a compromise is not 100% when one occurs is a very risky endeavour as what you are actually assuming is that you are smarter and more aware of your system than your attacker. You may be right, but if you *assume* it and you are wrong then you are in very serious trouble indeed. You have to prove it, and given the problems with proving a negative it is safer to act as though you have been compromised completely when a compromise occurs and to design your systems so that they are as secure as possible even in the situation where a total compromise has occurred. | >
> if your model is compromised, why should you assume a full compromise
> instead of a partial?
>
>
>
You should always assume the worst case in security. This is the safest approach.
>
> a partial compromise might not even be a problem
>
>
>
Perhaps. But are you really sure?
In your OP you are basing your analysis on too many assumptions. Perhaps in a very specific setup your evaluation that a partial compromise might not be a problem might be justifiable.
But then again you assume that the attacker is not good enough to find a hole.
Don't base your security model on assumptions. |
693,650 | I'm trying to give different privileges configurations for several types of users (Everyone, Privileged, Non Privileged).
I have tried it using Groups, Global configurations and Queues configurations cannot obtain the output I'm looking for:
* That non privileged users can only comment (not respond) tickets.
* Assign non privileged users as owner of tickets.
So my question:
1. How to configure non privileged user to only comment on ticket cases (not to respond to requester)?
2. How to display & select a non privileged user as owner on ticket creation? | 2015/05/21 | [
"https://serverfault.com/questions/693650",
"https://serverfault.com",
"https://serverfault.com/users/290223/"
] | Make two groups: RequestOwners and RequestProcessors.
Grant RPs 'own' and 'comment'
Grant ROs view queue, view ticket details, comment, respond, own
When a request comes in the ROs assign it to an owner or drop it in a queue (RP queue) for RPs to process; when they figure it out they will add a comment and assign it back to an RO or otherwise put it [back] into the ROs queue (ready for response to client).
This should get you the permission profile you want. Privileged doesn't mean what you want - privileged more or less means the user can have specified permissions. Since you want to specify permissions for ROs and RPs you need to make them both privileged users. | Answering my initial questions:
1. How to configure non privileged user to only comment on ticket cases (not to respond to requester)?
Answer= Non privileged users are used to see, comment and respond tickets on the Request Tracker page. To have an inner user that can only comment but not respond the requester of a ticket, the privileges must be carefully specified on queue by the group of user and/or role that the inner user is going to have.
Note: It is very important to strip (clean) all the sections where the privileges can be configured, this include: configurations by Queue, Global configurations (by System -Everyone, Privileged user, Non privileged user-, by Roles, and by User groups). To avoid privileges overlapping.
2. How to display & select a non privileged user as owner on ticket creation?
Answer=Non privileged users cannot be displayed & selected as owners on ticket creation, only privileged users appear and can be selected as owners of a ticket. |
285,626 | >
> They inflicted gunboat diplomacy on these poor island people.
>
>
>
Inflict means "to cause something harmful against", so this doesn't seem the right word.
>
> They forced gunboat diplomacy on these poor island people.
>
>
>
This doesn't seem to be correct. A more neutral way to say this would be:
>
> They practiced gunboat diplomacy on these poor island people.
>
>
>
What's the correct verb to use here? I am not sure forced x on them is the most appropriate. | 2021/05/31 | [
"https://ell.stackexchange.com/questions/285626",
"https://ell.stackexchange.com",
"https://ell.stackexchange.com/users/134946/"
] | I would put a comma between "money" and "out":
"What's a lot of money, out of curiosity?"
It's fairly common usage in British English. | It's a little bit odd, though the meaning is clear enough.
More likely someone would say "Just out of curiosity how much is 'a lot of money'?", possibly shortened to "Just out of curiosity, how much is 'a lot'?" or even just "How much is 'a lot'?" |
285,626 | >
> They inflicted gunboat diplomacy on these poor island people.
>
>
>
Inflict means "to cause something harmful against", so this doesn't seem the right word.
>
> They forced gunboat diplomacy on these poor island people.
>
>
>
This doesn't seem to be correct. A more neutral way to say this would be:
>
> They practiced gunboat diplomacy on these poor island people.
>
>
>
What's the correct verb to use here? I am not sure forced x on them is the most appropriate. | 2021/05/31 | [
"https://ell.stackexchange.com/questions/285626",
"https://ell.stackexchange.com",
"https://ell.stackexchange.com/users/134946/"
] | "Out of curiosity" is a general phrase. It means you aren't asking the question for a special reason. You're simply curious. It's useless in your example -- the sentence would be better without it -- but it sounds natural enough.
A better example than "a lot of money" is asking a salesperson "out of curiosity, how much does that cost?". You're telling them you don't want to buy it -- you simply wonder about the price. Or "out of curiosity, what does your ferret eat?" means you aren't thinking about buying a ferret yourself. It's common in front of questions where asking them would make the person think you wanted to do something, but you don't. "How long do volunteers work, just out of curiosity?" means it sounds as if you might volunteer, but you don't want to. You're just curious.
If an accountant was calculating your taxes and asked "how much did your company make, out of curiosity?", that would be fine. It means they don't need to know the answer for their job.
The English stack exchange has an [out-of-curiosity](https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/371258/what-is-the-meaning-of-out-of-curiosity) question (but I don't think the examples are as good). | It's a little bit odd, though the meaning is clear enough.
More likely someone would say "Just out of curiosity how much is 'a lot of money'?", possibly shortened to "Just out of curiosity, how much is 'a lot'?" or even just "How much is 'a lot'?" |
285,626 | >
> They inflicted gunboat diplomacy on these poor island people.
>
>
>
Inflict means "to cause something harmful against", so this doesn't seem the right word.
>
> They forced gunboat diplomacy on these poor island people.
>
>
>
This doesn't seem to be correct. A more neutral way to say this would be:
>
> They practiced gunboat diplomacy on these poor island people.
>
>
>
What's the correct verb to use here? I am not sure forced x on them is the most appropriate. | 2021/05/31 | [
"https://ell.stackexchange.com/questions/285626",
"https://ell.stackexchange.com",
"https://ell.stackexchange.com/users/134946/"
] | I would put a comma between "money" and "out":
"What's a lot of money, out of curiosity?"
It's fairly common usage in British English. | "Out of curiosity" is a general phrase. It means you aren't asking the question for a special reason. You're simply curious. It's useless in your example -- the sentence would be better without it -- but it sounds natural enough.
A better example than "a lot of money" is asking a salesperson "out of curiosity, how much does that cost?". You're telling them you don't want to buy it -- you simply wonder about the price. Or "out of curiosity, what does your ferret eat?" means you aren't thinking about buying a ferret yourself. It's common in front of questions where asking them would make the person think you wanted to do something, but you don't. "How long do volunteers work, just out of curiosity?" means it sounds as if you might volunteer, but you don't want to. You're just curious.
If an accountant was calculating your taxes and asked "how much did your company make, out of curiosity?", that would be fine. It means they don't need to know the answer for their job.
The English stack exchange has an [out-of-curiosity](https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/371258/what-is-the-meaning-of-out-of-curiosity) question (but I don't think the examples are as good). |
5,199 | What angles and long-side/short-side ratios give the most aesthetically pleasing and graphically regular isometric (squashed and flat side up) hexes, that additionally resolve to whole pixel sizes for several sizes when rendered? | 2010/11/04 | [
"https://gamedev.stackexchange.com/questions/5199",
"https://gamedev.stackexchange.com",
"https://gamedev.stackexchange.com/users/3015/"
] | Since you presenting the hexmap through an isometric view that shifts things around.
Here is the traditional version with horizontal hexes that are effectively squished in the vertical axis to make a pseudo-isometric look.
This takes a different approach with the hexes that are rotated to present no vertical or horizontal lines.
Either style can work, just depends on what you want to do, the primary direction players will move through the world, and how much you want to avoid zig-zagging. | By "flat side up", I assume you mean "flat side horizontal" (as "up" could mean either the edge itself points up or it "faces" up, i.e. its normal points up).
I experimented with both orientations for a game I developed in college. Personally, I found ["flat side vertical"](http://startreksupremacy.com/blog/galactic_supremacy.jpg) hexagons more pleasing on the eyes. I could certainly be in the minority here, but I believe Civilization V uses the same orientation, so I'm definitely not alone. If you're not dead set on using one orientation over the other, then I suggest you experiment with both. Since most of the [online resources](http://www-cs-students.stanford.edu/~amitp/gameprog.html#hex) I've found regarding hex grids use the "flat side horizontal" orientation, many equations you come across may require adjustments; [this site](http://playtechs.blogspot.com/2007/04/hex-grids.html) should help.
I built my project with a resolution-independent UI framework that performed device pixel snapping automatically, so I didn't spend much time tweaking the angles and ratios. I believe each of my hexes had a bounding box of 96 device independent pixels squared (96 device pixels on a standard 96dpi display with scale = 1.0). You should be able to derive the rest from the screenshot :). |
5,199 | What angles and long-side/short-side ratios give the most aesthetically pleasing and graphically regular isometric (squashed and flat side up) hexes, that additionally resolve to whole pixel sizes for several sizes when rendered? | 2010/11/04 | [
"https://gamedev.stackexchange.com/questions/5199",
"https://gamedev.stackexchange.com",
"https://gamedev.stackexchange.com/users/3015/"
] | By "flat side up", I assume you mean "flat side horizontal" (as "up" could mean either the edge itself points up or it "faces" up, i.e. its normal points up).
I experimented with both orientations for a game I developed in college. Personally, I found ["flat side vertical"](http://startreksupremacy.com/blog/galactic_supremacy.jpg) hexagons more pleasing on the eyes. I could certainly be in the minority here, but I believe Civilization V uses the same orientation, so I'm definitely not alone. If you're not dead set on using one orientation over the other, then I suggest you experiment with both. Since most of the [online resources](http://www-cs-students.stanford.edu/~amitp/gameprog.html#hex) I've found regarding hex grids use the "flat side horizontal" orientation, many equations you come across may require adjustments; [this site](http://playtechs.blogspot.com/2007/04/hex-grids.html) should help.
I built my project with a resolution-independent UI framework that performed device pixel snapping automatically, so I didn't spend much time tweaking the angles and ratios. I believe each of my hexes had a bounding box of 96 device independent pixels squared (96 device pixels on a standard 96dpi display with scale = 1.0). You should be able to derive the rest from the screenshot :). | These are for flat side horizontal. The terminology I am using is from Amit's thoughts on grids page, with the additional language of "narrow side length" meaning the length of the squished non-horizontal sides.
<http://www-cs-students.stanford.edu/~amitp/game-programming/grids/hex-grid-metrics-labeled.png>
equilateral (0 degree projection):
"height" = L√3
"wide width" = L
"narrow width" = L√3
narrow side length = L
45 degree projection:
"height" = L
"wide width" = L
"narrow width" = 2 \* √(3/8)L
narrow side length = √(2)L
60 degree projection:
"height" = (3/2)L
"wide width" = L
"narrow width" = 2 \* √(3/4)L
narrow side length = √(13/16)L
I calculated these by hand, so please check my work. |
5,199 | What angles and long-side/short-side ratios give the most aesthetically pleasing and graphically regular isometric (squashed and flat side up) hexes, that additionally resolve to whole pixel sizes for several sizes when rendered? | 2010/11/04 | [
"https://gamedev.stackexchange.com/questions/5199",
"https://gamedev.stackexchange.com",
"https://gamedev.stackexchange.com/users/3015/"
] | Since you presenting the hexmap through an isometric view that shifts things around.
Here is the traditional version with horizontal hexes that are effectively squished in the vertical axis to make a pseudo-isometric look.
This takes a different approach with the hexes that are rotated to present no vertical or horizontal lines.
Either style can work, just depends on what you want to do, the primary direction players will move through the world, and how much you want to avoid zig-zagging. | These are for flat side horizontal. The terminology I am using is from Amit's thoughts on grids page, with the additional language of "narrow side length" meaning the length of the squished non-horizontal sides.
<http://www-cs-students.stanford.edu/~amitp/game-programming/grids/hex-grid-metrics-labeled.png>
equilateral (0 degree projection):
"height" = L√3
"wide width" = L
"narrow width" = L√3
narrow side length = L
45 degree projection:
"height" = L
"wide width" = L
"narrow width" = 2 \* √(3/8)L
narrow side length = √(2)L
60 degree projection:
"height" = (3/2)L
"wide width" = L
"narrow width" = 2 \* √(3/4)L
narrow side length = √(13/16)L
I calculated these by hand, so please check my work. |
88,538 | Following is a sentence from the book "Cryptography and Network Security - Principle and Practices" by William Stallings [Fourth Edition]
Sentence -
"
... the 'one-time pad' is of limited utility, and is useful primarily for *low bandwidth channels* requiring very high security.
"
Can anyone please elaborate on low bandwidth , because I thing low bandwidth will make transfer of the key and ciphertext slower instead they should use high bandwidth isn't?
Book Link - <http://uru.ac.in/uruonlinelibrary/Cyber_Security/Cryptography_and_Network_Security.pdf>
Page Number - 79/983 | 2021/03/01 | [
"https://crypto.stackexchange.com/questions/88538",
"https://crypto.stackexchange.com",
"https://crypto.stackexchange.com/users/87409/"
] | For an OTP you need to distribute the OTP key stream out of band. That can be performed by e.g. bringing a data storage device to the other side. Let me explain.
The problem with an OTP key stream is that you cannot transport it over a secure transport channel without removing the claim of theoretical security. Similarly, you cannot simply distribute a seed for a PRNG, because the PRNG would have similar security as a stream cipher.
Because you cannot distribute an OTP without compromising its security it is limited to the amount of information that you distributed out of band.
How limiting this is depends on the application of course. Nowadays you can store several TB in a tiny flash disk. That's enough for many, many hours of video. Still, securely distributing such a disk would be troublesome; just sending it by regular post is obviously not a good option.
Another option would be to use quantum key distribution. However, *implementations* of quantum key distributions are not necessarily secure, and the speed may be a severe limit.
Fortunately, we've got a lot of ciphers that we don't know how to break, key ratchets and whatnot to give us *practical* security even for much smaller key sizes. | Let me re-quote:-
>
> " ... the 'one-time pad' is of limited utility, and is useful primarily for low bandwidth channels requiring very high security. "
>
>
>
This raises four issues that divide opinion:-
1. What is low bandwidth? No one knows, yet OTPs are making quite a resurgence these days for things like secure phone communications and video conferencing systems, both detailed in [this](https://crypto.stackexchange.com/a/67525/23115) answer. That seems fast to me, and they're just getting faster every day. Channels already operate at Mbps. The raison d'être of a OTP is for ultra secure strategic communications, typically in textual form. It is not to encrypt 8K UHD movies. That is your *limited* utility.
2. The security is the highest theoretically possible given a correct implementation. One time pad material is securely transmitted theses days *in-band* using quantum key distribution networks (QKDNs). See [this](https://crypto.stackexchange.com/a/51364/23115) answer as to how, and how theoretic security is maintained based on quantum physics. I have to reiterate, please do not conflate the theoretical security of a OTP/QKDN with how it can be attacked if someone is looking over your shoulder. That's a common denominator that undermines all cryptography (AES etc.) not just OTPs/QKDNs.
3. There is an every growing market for OTPs distributed via QKDNs. Many organisations, nations and trading blocks are convinced that they're suitable and practical. [This](https://www.idquantique.com/quantum-safe-security/products/cerberis3-qkd-system/) is a OTP distribution device machine thingie.
4. OTPs were deemed suitable for use in three world wars, which you can explore [here](https://www.cryptomuseum.com/crypto/otp/index.htm) and [here](http://users.telenet.be/d.rijmenants/en/onetimepad.htm).
And yes, you can pre-distribute OTP material on a flash drive provided you have a means of making the random numbers in a truly random manner. That's not [hard](http://www.reallyreallyrandom.com/zener/breadboard/), and getting easier. And yes too, you can send it in the post provided you do it before your operation gets onto the radar. A meeting would be preferable, but that's almost implicit as if you're going to exchange ultra secure material, you might want to meet the recipients. |
535,899 | Bubbles (water) are usually translucent, and transparent too.
>
> In the field of optics, transparency (also called pellucidity or diaphaneity) is the physical property of allowing light to pass through the material without appreciable scattering of light. On a macroscopic scale (one where the dimensions investigated are much larger than the wavelength of the photons in question), the photons can be said to follow Snell's Law. Translucency (also called translucence or translucidity) allows light to pass through, but does not necessarily (again, on the macroscopic scale) follow Snell's law; the photons can be scattered at either of the two interfaces, or internally, where there is a change in index of refraction. In other words, a translucent material is made up of components with different indices of refraction. A transparent material is made up of components with a uniform index of refraction.[1] Transparent materials appear clear, with the overall appearance of one color, or any combination leading up to a brilliant spectrum of every color.
>
>
>
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transparency_and_translucency>
But foam is always white, though it is made up of transparent constituents (waterbubbles).
I am not asking why foam is always white. I am asking how a transparent material, like water in bubbles, in big amounts will produce white light.
Now this might seem obvious, because transparent materials are reflecting off all light that is shone on them.
But, white (natural) light is a combination of certain wavelengths.
>
> White objects fully reflect and scatter all the visible wavelengths of light.
> While there is no single, unique specification of "white light", there is indeed a unique specification of "white object", or, more specifically, "white surface". A perfectly white surface diffusely reflects (scatters) all visible light that strikes it, without absorbing any, irrespective of the light's wavelength or spectral distribution.[29][30] Since it does not absorb any of the incident light, white is the lightest possible color. If the reflection is not diffuse but rather specular, this describes a mirror rather than a white surface.[31][29]
>
>
>
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White#White_light>
So basically, white objects, like foam, should reflect all visible wavelengths of light, though they are comprised of transparent objects, bubbles, that are refracting all visible wavelengths.
And, wet objects are usually darker, not brighter.
[Why are so many different types of objects white, yet appear gray when they are wet?](https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/77516/why-are-so-many-different-types-of-objects-white-yet-appear-gray-when-they-are/77520#77520)
So this cannot explain it either.
Question:
1. So how does adding bubbles together change from total refraction (transparent) to total reflection (white) of all visible wavelengths? | 2020/03/11 | [
"https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/535899",
"https://physics.stackexchange.com",
"https://physics.stackexchange.com/users/132371/"
] | a beam of light that strikes a bubble in a transparent liquid experiences a sudden change in the index of refraction. This means that depending on the exact angle of incidence of the light ray on the (curved) surface of the bubble, the light ray will get split- part of it will bounce off the bubble, part will enter the bubble, and the part that enters the bubble will be split again, with part of it being reflected back into the bubble and part will go through the bubble wall and leave the bubble.
In addition, the curved surface of the bubble will act as a lens and bend the reflected and transmitted beams in a variety of ways, again depending on the angle of incidence.
Any beam of light entering a large cloud of bubbles will be reflected, refracted and transmitted many times as it bounces from bubble to bubble, meaning that each bubble will be illuminated by light rays coming at it from all directions- and the whole bubble cloud will appear white to your eyes.
The net result for a large cloud of small bubbles illuminated by the sun will be a sparkly white, foamy appearance. the smaller the bubbles, the more "milky" the appearance; the larger the bubbles, the more "sparkly". | >
> So how does adding bubbles together change from total refraction (transparent) to total reflection (white) of all visible wavelengths?
>
>
>
No interface will give you total refraction. Some light will be reflected. For a straight-on clean sheet of glass, you might get a large transmission fraction, maybe above 99% in some cases. For most appearances, the object is perceived as transparent.
But there's still some reflection. For a single sheet of glass (or a single bubble), that might not matter much. But increase the number of interfaces so you have hundreds or thousands of interactions, and now the chance of transmitting through every one consecutively drops to near zero. The light coming through the material is no longer focusable, but blended due to the multiple, random reflections. Instead of seeing objects behind, you see mostly an average of the incident light (which is usually perceived to be white). |
535,899 | Bubbles (water) are usually translucent, and transparent too.
>
> In the field of optics, transparency (also called pellucidity or diaphaneity) is the physical property of allowing light to pass through the material without appreciable scattering of light. On a macroscopic scale (one where the dimensions investigated are much larger than the wavelength of the photons in question), the photons can be said to follow Snell's Law. Translucency (also called translucence or translucidity) allows light to pass through, but does not necessarily (again, on the macroscopic scale) follow Snell's law; the photons can be scattered at either of the two interfaces, or internally, where there is a change in index of refraction. In other words, a translucent material is made up of components with different indices of refraction. A transparent material is made up of components with a uniform index of refraction.[1] Transparent materials appear clear, with the overall appearance of one color, or any combination leading up to a brilliant spectrum of every color.
>
>
>
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transparency_and_translucency>
But foam is always white, though it is made up of transparent constituents (waterbubbles).
I am not asking why foam is always white. I am asking how a transparent material, like water in bubbles, in big amounts will produce white light.
Now this might seem obvious, because transparent materials are reflecting off all light that is shone on them.
But, white (natural) light is a combination of certain wavelengths.
>
> White objects fully reflect and scatter all the visible wavelengths of light.
> While there is no single, unique specification of "white light", there is indeed a unique specification of "white object", or, more specifically, "white surface". A perfectly white surface diffusely reflects (scatters) all visible light that strikes it, without absorbing any, irrespective of the light's wavelength or spectral distribution.[29][30] Since it does not absorb any of the incident light, white is the lightest possible color. If the reflection is not diffuse but rather specular, this describes a mirror rather than a white surface.[31][29]
>
>
>
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White#White_light>
So basically, white objects, like foam, should reflect all visible wavelengths of light, though they are comprised of transparent objects, bubbles, that are refracting all visible wavelengths.
And, wet objects are usually darker, not brighter.
[Why are so many different types of objects white, yet appear gray when they are wet?](https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/77516/why-are-so-many-different-types-of-objects-white-yet-appear-gray-when-they-are/77520#77520)
So this cannot explain it either.
Question:
1. So how does adding bubbles together change from total refraction (transparent) to total reflection (white) of all visible wavelengths? | 2020/03/11 | [
"https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/535899",
"https://physics.stackexchange.com",
"https://physics.stackexchange.com/users/132371/"
] | a beam of light that strikes a bubble in a transparent liquid experiences a sudden change in the index of refraction. This means that depending on the exact angle of incidence of the light ray on the (curved) surface of the bubble, the light ray will get split- part of it will bounce off the bubble, part will enter the bubble, and the part that enters the bubble will be split again, with part of it being reflected back into the bubble and part will go through the bubble wall and leave the bubble.
In addition, the curved surface of the bubble will act as a lens and bend the reflected and transmitted beams in a variety of ways, again depending on the angle of incidence.
Any beam of light entering a large cloud of bubbles will be reflected, refracted and transmitted many times as it bounces from bubble to bubble, meaning that each bubble will be illuminated by light rays coming at it from all directions- and the whole bubble cloud will appear white to your eyes.
The net result for a large cloud of small bubbles illuminated by the sun will be a sparkly white, foamy appearance. the smaller the bubbles, the more "milky" the appearance; the larger the bubbles, the more "sparkly". | Incoming light on each bubble surface is most refracted, but a small part is reflected. And when light is entering the bubble, there is a reflection at the interface water-outside and another at the interface water-inside.
Depending on the local thickness, and the angle to our eyes, some wave length will have maximum construtive interference in the reflection. It is the same reason for colours on the surface of water contaminated with oil. The oil floats and form a very thin surface, that generates colours by constructive interference.
The difference of foam, is that colours of random wave lengths come to us from thousand or millions of small surfaces, and that combination results in a white light. |
1,005,850 | I have excel like this.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/U4QjK.png)
I want end result like this
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/ogl0A.png)
Means
I want to Put formula in column c to get grade based on what is in column B.
If in B is Check mark, C should show "A"
If in B is Cross mark, C should show "B"
If in B is Question mark, C should show "C" | 2015/11/26 | [
"https://superuser.com/questions/1005850",
"https://superuser.com",
"https://superuser.com/users/585921/"
] | To answer my own question: **This is a bug in the Windows 10 calculator**.
The problem did not exist in Windows 7, and it was NOT fixed in the first big update for Windows 10. As of December 2015, the bug is still there.
As usual there is no official acknowledgement. However, for a discussion on the Microsoft servers, see e.g. <https://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/forum/windows_7-winapps/windows-calculator-decimal-separator-is-always/d6e80dc7-9738-4a61-8457-c5e5d28beeb8?db=5&auth=1> | Settings > Time and language > region & language > set as default for English keyboard
and restart the windows |
1,005,850 | I have excel like this.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/U4QjK.png)
I want end result like this
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/ogl0A.png)
Means
I want to Put formula in column c to get grade based on what is in column B.
If in B is Check mark, C should show "A"
If in B is Cross mark, C should show "B"
If in B is Question mark, C should show "C" | 2015/11/26 | [
"https://superuser.com/questions/1005850",
"https://superuser.com",
"https://superuser.com/users/585921/"
] | To answer my own question: **This is a bug in the Windows 10 calculator**.
The problem did not exist in Windows 7, and it was NOT fixed in the first big update for Windows 10. As of December 2015, the bug is still there.
As usual there is no official acknowledgement. However, for a discussion on the Microsoft servers, see e.g. <https://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/forum/windows_7-winapps/windows-calculator-decimal-separator-is-always/d6e80dc7-9738-4a61-8457-c5e5d28beeb8?db=5&auth=1> | As you said yourself, this is a problem with the calculator in Windows 10 that hasn't been fixed yet. What I did to solve this for me was to [install the Windows 7/8 calculator](http://winaero.com/blog/get-calculator-from-windows-8-and-windows-7-in-windows-10/). |
1,005,850 | I have excel like this.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/U4QjK.png)
I want end result like this
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/ogl0A.png)
Means
I want to Put formula in column c to get grade based on what is in column B.
If in B is Check mark, C should show "A"
If in B is Cross mark, C should show "B"
If in B is Question mark, C should show "C" | 2015/11/26 | [
"https://superuser.com/questions/1005850",
"https://superuser.com",
"https://superuser.com/users/585921/"
] | To answer my own question: **This is a bug in the Windows 10 calculator**.
The problem did not exist in Windows 7, and it was NOT fixed in the first big update for Windows 10. As of December 2015, the bug is still there.
As usual there is no official acknowledgement. However, for a discussion on the Microsoft servers, see e.g. <https://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/forum/windows_7-winapps/windows-calculator-decimal-separator-is-always/d6e80dc7-9738-4a61-8457-c5e5d28beeb8?db=5&auth=1> | Control Panel > Region > Additional settings...
Change decimal symbol to comma and it will work as expected. Tried it myself just now and it works like a charm. |
1,005,850 | I have excel like this.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/U4QjK.png)
I want end result like this
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/ogl0A.png)
Means
I want to Put formula in column c to get grade based on what is in column B.
If in B is Check mark, C should show "A"
If in B is Cross mark, C should show "B"
If in B is Question mark, C should show "C" | 2015/11/26 | [
"https://superuser.com/questions/1005850",
"https://superuser.com",
"https://superuser.com/users/585921/"
] | Control Panel > Region > Additional settings...
Change decimal symbol to comma and it will work as expected. Tried it myself just now and it works like a charm. | Settings > Time and language > region & language > set as default for English keyboard
and restart the windows |
1,005,850 | I have excel like this.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/U4QjK.png)
I want end result like this
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/ogl0A.png)
Means
I want to Put formula in column c to get grade based on what is in column B.
If in B is Check mark, C should show "A"
If in B is Cross mark, C should show "B"
If in B is Question mark, C should show "C" | 2015/11/26 | [
"https://superuser.com/questions/1005850",
"https://superuser.com",
"https://superuser.com/users/585921/"
] | Control Panel > Region > Additional settings...
Change decimal symbol to comma and it will work as expected. Tried it myself just now and it works like a charm. | As you said yourself, this is a problem with the calculator in Windows 10 that hasn't been fixed yet. What I did to solve this for me was to [install the Windows 7/8 calculator](http://winaero.com/blog/get-calculator-from-windows-8-and-windows-7-in-windows-10/). |
369,087 | I would like GeoServer (via GeoWebCache) to update/generate tiles whenever a new raster file is added to a ImageMosaic store. I am testing the following procedure (unfortunately is not working):
1. Created a ImageMosaic store (points to a folder with the rasters)
2. Seeded the Tile Layer, all the tiles for all the zoom levels were created
3. Added a new raster to the ImageMosaic store
4. Updated the shapefile that GeoServer creates with a new polygon that covers the area of the added raster file (note that I also matched the "location" attribute). The shapefile is stored along with the raster files (same folder)
5. Used the "Seed - generate missing tiles" command expecting GeoServer will re-read the shapefile and hence generate the tiles for the new area, unfortunately GeoServer/GeoWebCache is not generating any tiles
What is wrong with the procedure described above?
---
I found some oddities with GeoServer while trying to generate the tiles:
* After adding the extra raster, updating the shapefile, and refreshing the Store, the extra raster does show up in Layer Preview, but it doesn't when using the Tile Layers menu
* When I use "Seed - generate missing tiles" (after updating the Bounding box), the task runs as if it was generating tiles but the number of PNGs/files/folders in the hard-drive doesn't change at all, it even gives the number of tiles completed...
* When I open the WMS on QGIS all the rasters show but when zooming and panning the extra raster there are lags and delays (clearly because there aren't any pre-rendered tiles for the extra raster). The extra raster doesn't show up when using WMTS
* I did truncate and then generate for the bounding box of the extra raster (as per @IanTurton's answer) but it didn't work either. No matter the bounding box coordinates I try the number of tiles never changes
* If I chose "Reseed - regenerate all tiles", the task list will, again, show processes as if it was generating tiles, but the number of tiles in the hard-drive keeps the same | 2020/07/29 | [
"https://gis.stackexchange.com/questions/369087",
"https://gis.stackexchange.com",
"https://gis.stackexchange.com/users/167268/"
] | GeoWebCache has no idea that you've updated the index file or the mosaic, so you first need to delete the tiles that fall within the bounding box of the new imagery and then ask it to generate missing tiles. | I've found a solution. To generate new GeoWebCache tiles (out of a new raster file added to an ImageMosaic Store) you need to:
1. Remove all the index files (shapefile and the rest) that GeoServes creates in the main folder of the ImageMosaic
2. Add the new raster file to the ImageMosaic folder
3. Go to Stores and hit Save to create a new shapefile and the other index files. The new shapefile should contain a new polygon corresponding to the new raster
4. Update the Bounding Box coordinates in Layers/Data with a new bbox that should cover the whole dataset
5. Seed the layer. No need to add coordinates to the Seed's Bounding box, the defaults (obtained from #4 above) should suffice
And, that's it. No need to update the Gridsets or the cache folder location or anything else.
(GeoServer 2.17.1 on Debian 10 - Buster) |
3,065,714 | I have a custom UITableViewCell with, among other things, a label and an imageView. If the table view is the visible view and it has a cell on it, if I programmatically update the label's text and the imageView's image and log when I do it, it takes about 4 seconds AFTER I see the notification in the logs for the label and image to update. Here is the order of what happens and how:
-Load the view containing the table and one custom cell
-Write a file to disk using and NSOperation (and queue)
-When the NSOperation is finished writing the file it fires a NSNotification (defaultCenter) which tells the cell's view to update the label and image **AND I set [self setNeedsDisplay]**
-Here I see in my logs that the cell has gotten the notification AND finished setting the new values
-~4 seconds later the cell's view actually updates.
What gives? | 2010/06/17 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/3065714",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/155513/"
] | The solution to my particular problem hinged on the way in which I'm updating the data, I'm using an NSOperation (and queue) to send a notification, the notification responder then updates the view. Problem is an NSOperation technically lives on another thread so what I should have done is this:
-Write a file to disk using and NSOperation (and queue)
-When the NSOperation is finished writing the file it fires a NSNotification (defaultCenter), **the responder should then performSelectorOnMainThread a method that does the actual updating of the view**
Did this and my cell updates right away. | You should call [reloadRowsAtIndexPaths:withAnimation:](http://developer.apple.com/iphone/library/documentation/UIKit/Reference/UITableView_Class/Reference/Reference.html#//apple_ref/occ/instm/UITableView/reloadRowsAtIndexPaths:withRowAnimation:) to update a particular cell in the table view. |
106,504 | Obviously, Han understands Chewbacca (almost) perfectly. In the prequel trilogy, Yoda seems to understand him too. In at least one scene in the original trilogy, C-3PO also understands Chewie, which is logical, since - as a protocol droid - translation is one of 3PO's primary functions.
>
> THREEPIO: Captain Solo, this time you have
> gone too far.
>
>
> (Chewie growls)
>
>
> THREEPIO: No, I will not be quiet, Chewbacca.
> Why doesn't anyone listen to me?
>
>
>
Does anyone else in the *Star Wars* movies understand Chewbacca?
---------------------------------------------------------------- | 2015/10/31 | [
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/106504",
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com",
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com/users/44025/"
] | Obi-Wan Kenobi both speaks and understands Shyriiwook.
------------------------------------------------------
From the [script](http://www.imsdb.com/scripts/Star-Wars-A-New-Hope.html) for *A New Hope*:
>
> Ben is standing next to Chewbacca, an eight-foot-tall savage-looking creature [...] He is a two-hundred-year-old Wookiee and a sight to behold.
>
>
> Ben speaks to the Wookiee, pointing to Luke several times during his conversation and the huge creature suddenly lets out a horrifying laugh. Luke is more than a little bit disconcerted and pretends not to hear the conversation between Ben and the giant Wookiee.
>
>
>
From the [novel](https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=HNBjb2dkVFUC&q=ben+talking+to+the+wookie+in+its+own+language&dq=ben+talking+to+the+wookie+in+its+own+language&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CDAQ6AEwAmoVChMIw_yvs_PsyAIVBWsUCh3uTgeq):
>
> All but old Ben - Ben, who was talking to the Wookiee in its own language, quarreling and hooting softly like a native.
>
>
>
In *The Force Awakens*, Rey also understands it.
------------------------------------------------
As shown in [this answer from @phantom42 on another site](https://movies.stackexchange.com/a/45185/27759), Rey has at least some understanding of Shyriiwook. Quoting from the novelisation of *The Force Awakens*:
>
> She tried to find something to say to that, something worthy of the sentiment and the risk they had undertaken. She failed miserably. Chewie, however, had something of his own to add. Whatever the Wookiee had uttered caused tears to well up in her eyes. Having never found himself in such a position before, Finn was unsure how to respond. Knowing well her inner toughness, he wondered what Chewbacca had said that could have inspired such a reaction.
>
>
> “What’d he say?”
>
>
> She sniffed and wiped at her face. “That it was your idea.”
>
>
>
---
Less canonically, **[Sabine Wren](http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Sabine_Wren)** also speaks [Shyriiwook](http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Shyriiwook/Canon) (so presumably understands it too).
>
> "...it's rough on my throat, I lost my voice for a day after bugging Zeb by serenading him in Shyriiwook."
>
> -- Sabine Wren, *Star Wars Rebels: Sabine, My Rebel Sketchbook*
>
>
> | **Understand Shyriiwook, Master Yoda does**
-------------------------------------------
>
> When he told them the problem, **the Wookiees nodded and barked at each
> other so fast that it was difficult even for him to follow the
> conversation.** Then they turned and offered him one of their escape
> pods. Yoda accepted at once. The only problem left was how to get past
> the clone troops to the pod.
>
>
> [Revenge of the Sith - Official Novelisation](http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Star_Wars_Episode_III:_Revenge_of_the_Sith_(novel))
>
>
>
As does Leia (although not as well as her official profile suggests)
--------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> *“According to her diplomatic profile, Princess Leia speaks both
> Huttese and Shyriiwook fluently. **Regretfully, and as Your Majesty is
> keenly aware, the princess is merely proficient in Shyriiwook.** This
> is, naturally, a failure of mine and not the princess, but I worry
> that such an error might cause her embarrassment. Oh, it is too, too
> humiliating.”*
>
>
> [From a Certain Point of View](http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/From_a_Certain_Point_of_View) - [Eclipse](http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Eclipse_(short_story))
>
>
>
---
Lower canon films
-----------------
If we also include the [Star Wars Holiday Special](http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/The_Star_Wars_Holiday_Special), then we can also add
**Chewie's wife Malla**, **his son Lumpy** and **his father Itchy** as well as **human trader [Saun Dann](http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Saun_Dann)**, all of whom demonstrate an ability to understand Chewbacca. |
106,504 | Obviously, Han understands Chewbacca (almost) perfectly. In the prequel trilogy, Yoda seems to understand him too. In at least one scene in the original trilogy, C-3PO also understands Chewie, which is logical, since - as a protocol droid - translation is one of 3PO's primary functions.
>
> THREEPIO: Captain Solo, this time you have
> gone too far.
>
>
> (Chewie growls)
>
>
> THREEPIO: No, I will not be quiet, Chewbacca.
> Why doesn't anyone listen to me?
>
>
>
Does anyone else in the *Star Wars* movies understand Chewbacca?
---------------------------------------------------------------- | 2015/10/31 | [
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/106504",
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com",
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com/users/44025/"
] | Obi-Wan Kenobi both speaks and understands Shyriiwook.
------------------------------------------------------
From the [script](http://www.imsdb.com/scripts/Star-Wars-A-New-Hope.html) for *A New Hope*:
>
> Ben is standing next to Chewbacca, an eight-foot-tall savage-looking creature [...] He is a two-hundred-year-old Wookiee and a sight to behold.
>
>
> Ben speaks to the Wookiee, pointing to Luke several times during his conversation and the huge creature suddenly lets out a horrifying laugh. Luke is more than a little bit disconcerted and pretends not to hear the conversation between Ben and the giant Wookiee.
>
>
>
From the [novel](https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=HNBjb2dkVFUC&q=ben+talking+to+the+wookie+in+its+own+language&dq=ben+talking+to+the+wookie+in+its+own+language&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CDAQ6AEwAmoVChMIw_yvs_PsyAIVBWsUCh3uTgeq):
>
> All but old Ben - Ben, who was talking to the Wookiee in its own language, quarreling and hooting softly like a native.
>
>
>
In *The Force Awakens*, Rey also understands it.
------------------------------------------------
As shown in [this answer from @phantom42 on another site](https://movies.stackexchange.com/a/45185/27759), Rey has at least some understanding of Shyriiwook. Quoting from the novelisation of *The Force Awakens*:
>
> She tried to find something to say to that, something worthy of the sentiment and the risk they had undertaken. She failed miserably. Chewie, however, had something of his own to add. Whatever the Wookiee had uttered caused tears to well up in her eyes. Having never found himself in such a position before, Finn was unsure how to respond. Knowing well her inner toughness, he wondered what Chewbacca had said that could have inspired such a reaction.
>
>
> “What’d he say?”
>
>
> She sniffed and wiped at her face. “That it was your idea.”
>
>
>
---
Less canonically, **[Sabine Wren](http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Sabine_Wren)** also speaks [Shyriiwook](http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Shyriiwook/Canon) (so presumably understands it too).
>
> "...it's rough on my throat, I lost my voice for a day after bugging Zeb by serenading him in Shyriiwook."
>
> -- Sabine Wren, *Star Wars Rebels: Sabine, My Rebel Sketchbook*
>
>
> | *Note: I don't like getting rep from self-answers, so this is a Community Wiki answer.*
Legends:
--------
One of the other main characters from episodes V and VI, Lando Calrissian, speaks Shyriiwook well enough to bicker with C-3PO over a translation:
>
> Chewie said something. Nobody spoke for a moment. Leia said, “Well, is somebody going to tell me what he said?”
>
>
> Threepio got it out first: “Chewbacca says the woman made him very nervous.”
>
>
> “He didn’t say ‘very,’” Lando said. “Just plain ‘nervous.’ ”
>
>
> “Excuse me,” Threepio said. “I inferred the modifier from his tone. Wookieespeak allows for such shadings.”
>
>
> “You saying my Wookieespeak is bad?” Lando said.
>
> - *Star Wars: Shadows of the Empire*
>
>
>
Throughout this book, Lando shows his proficiency in understanding Shyriiwook on a regular basis. |
106,504 | Obviously, Han understands Chewbacca (almost) perfectly. In the prequel trilogy, Yoda seems to understand him too. In at least one scene in the original trilogy, C-3PO also understands Chewie, which is logical, since - as a protocol droid - translation is one of 3PO's primary functions.
>
> THREEPIO: Captain Solo, this time you have
> gone too far.
>
>
> (Chewie growls)
>
>
> THREEPIO: No, I will not be quiet, Chewbacca.
> Why doesn't anyone listen to me?
>
>
>
Does anyone else in the *Star Wars* movies understand Chewbacca?
---------------------------------------------------------------- | 2015/10/31 | [
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/106504",
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com",
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com/users/44025/"
] | **Understand Shyriiwook, Master Yoda does**
-------------------------------------------
>
> When he told them the problem, **the Wookiees nodded and barked at each
> other so fast that it was difficult even for him to follow the
> conversation.** Then they turned and offered him one of their escape
> pods. Yoda accepted at once. The only problem left was how to get past
> the clone troops to the pod.
>
>
> [Revenge of the Sith - Official Novelisation](http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Star_Wars_Episode_III:_Revenge_of_the_Sith_(novel))
>
>
>
As does Leia (although not as well as her official profile suggests)
--------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> *“According to her diplomatic profile, Princess Leia speaks both
> Huttese and Shyriiwook fluently. **Regretfully, and as Your Majesty is
> keenly aware, the princess is merely proficient in Shyriiwook.** This
> is, naturally, a failure of mine and not the princess, but I worry
> that such an error might cause her embarrassment. Oh, it is too, too
> humiliating.”*
>
>
> [From a Certain Point of View](http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/From_a_Certain_Point_of_View) - [Eclipse](http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Eclipse_(short_story))
>
>
>
---
Lower canon films
-----------------
If we also include the [Star Wars Holiday Special](http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/The_Star_Wars_Holiday_Special), then we can also add
**Chewie's wife Malla**, **his son Lumpy** and **his father Itchy** as well as **human trader [Saun Dann](http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Saun_Dann)**, all of whom demonstrate an ability to understand Chewbacca. | *Note: I don't like getting rep from self-answers, so this is a Community Wiki answer.*
Legends:
--------
One of the other main characters from episodes V and VI, Lando Calrissian, speaks Shyriiwook well enough to bicker with C-3PO over a translation:
>
> Chewie said something. Nobody spoke for a moment. Leia said, “Well, is somebody going to tell me what he said?”
>
>
> Threepio got it out first: “Chewbacca says the woman made him very nervous.”
>
>
> “He didn’t say ‘very,’” Lando said. “Just plain ‘nervous.’ ”
>
>
> “Excuse me,” Threepio said. “I inferred the modifier from his tone. Wookieespeak allows for such shadings.”
>
>
> “You saying my Wookieespeak is bad?” Lando said.
>
> - *Star Wars: Shadows of the Empire*
>
>
>
Throughout this book, Lando shows his proficiency in understanding Shyriiwook on a regular basis. |
62,392 | I've recently changed my rear shock absorbers on my BMW e46 but left the springs as standard. I'm not sure if this has been a good idea. It seems very sloppy when going over speed humps and pot holes (which I always do slowly) and seems to make a bang/thump sound as well, much like if your tyre pressures are low. Can I have advice please? Should I have changed the springs as well or change the shocks back to standard (being the cheaper option)? | 2019/01/02 | [
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com/questions/62392",
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com",
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com/users/44570/"
] | Oil cooler leak. There is oil cooler behind catalyc converter,where oil is cooled by coolant in little box. Seals needs change.
Type zafira b oil cooler on ebay.
<https://youtu.be/2bCllbBcRcY> | If you have oil leaking into the coolant, then the **head gasket** has gone **bad**.
You can confirm this by driving down the road when your engine has cooled down, turn the heat on low and listen for a gurgling sound, like there's air in the water somewhere. It's a clear indication that air is leaking into your coolant from the chamber and going through your heater core. It may be why your hot air isn't so hot anymore
It may be too small to notice with a compression test, or it could of just been a complacent mechanic that seen 1-3 cylinders good and one was off by just a hair, but it'll be alright, it may only happen once you drive down the road when the vehicle isn't at idle RPMs.
Changing a head gasket is fairly easy, but it's around a 10 hour job, sometimes it may even require removing the motor from the engine. Here's a rough outlook that may not be specific to your type of car, but it gives you a general idea:
1. Disconnect the negative battery cable
2. Drain the cooling system (coolant)
3. Remove the Intake manifold
4. Remove the throttle body
5. Remove the PCV valve
6. Remove the air filter
7. Remove the alternator
8. Remove the spark plug wires
9. Remove the spark Plugs
10. Remove the Distributor cap ( or coil pack )
11. Remove the radiator fan
12. Remove the coolant pump
13. Relieve the fuel pressure ( pull the relay in the junction box and start the car 3 times )
14. Remove the fuel line
15. Remove the fuel injectors
16. Remove the exhaust manifolds
17. Remove the head cover
18. Remove the timing chain ( Mark chain to sprocket with a ink pen )
19. Remove the timing chain Tensioner
20. Remove the head bolts In a random order when the engine Is cold ( Failure to do so when the engine is cold may result in a warped head )
21. Remove each head bolt by 1/4 of a turn before removing ( New head bolts required on Installation )
22. Use a pry bar at the corners of the Cylinder head-to-engine block ( Do not pry between the cylinder head and the engine )
23. When Installing place the engine at Top Dead center, by aligning the notch in the crankshaft pulley with the TDC Indicator
24. When Installing - Inspect all hoses and replace all gaskets
25. When Installing - tighten head bolts in s specific sequence such as this
Other symptoms of a blow head gasket
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/zb7e9.jpg)
(source: [gobdp.com](https://gobdp.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/blown_head_gasket_symptoms-450x300.jpg))
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/To0nQ.jpg)
(source: [gobdp.com](https://gobdp.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/oil_leak-462x300.jpg))
I don't mean to scare you, but since it has gotten cold the seal has contracted a bit making an opening for a passage way into your coolant, (**it may only happen when you step on the gas**) If you stick it out until summer the seal may expand and fill the gap... a leak such as these can cause a engine block to crack because water (coolant) is getting into the combustion where it uses oil to dissipate the heat and lubricate the parts, water and coolant cause corrosion.
But before you go spending 1000 dollars on a mechanic or 50-300 dollars on a bunch of new gaskets, keep in mind that they also make stop leak formulas for the oil for small head gasket leaks.
It's a head gasket, but make sure the heads get cleaned up from all of the carbon when it's changed, no reason for that to go undone. It gets rid of any knocking noise and makes your engine happy overall.
 |
9,552,646 | I have installed VJET plugin to Eclipse and I'd like to import ExtJs framework to be able to use code assistant to develop RIAs.
I searched google but haven't found type libs!
Need help!
Thanks | 2012/03/04 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/9552646",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/562422/"
] | An inode is basically the data sitting in one of more files (it's actually an index into a table of some sort with which you can locate that data).
A file, on the other hand, is a directory entry that points to the inode.
This is how UNIX-like operating systems implement hard links, the ability for two files to be "equivalent", so that changing one will change the other. Since inodes are unique per file system, you can have more than one file referencing the same data (as long as it's on the same file system, of course). | An inode is on-disk metadata that represents a file. It contains the file's permission bits, the creation/modification/access timestamps, the actual file type, size of the file, etc...
A "open file" is simply a bit of memory in your process. Generally it's an array entry, which the filehandle you get from fopen() calls is the specific array key of. That array entry will contain (among other things) the current location of the cursor in the file where you'd be reading/write data from using the fwrite/fread calls. |
9,552,646 | I have installed VJET plugin to Eclipse and I'd like to import ExtJs framework to be able to use code assistant to develop RIAs.
I searched google but haven't found type libs!
Need help!
Thanks | 2012/03/04 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/9552646",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/562422/"
] | ext2+, NTFS, and other filesystems have a master table of files on the drive, and directories are just a special kind of file full of records that point to entries in the file table. (This setup allows for hard links, as well as "temporary files" that aren't visible via the directory structure.) An "inode" is Linux's (and probably other \*nixes') term for those master file table entries.
An inode doesn't track the current position within the file or the current mode (open for reading, writing, both...?), though. It only contains info that helps the OS find the contents of the file on disk and keep people who shouldn't be messing with it from doing so. You need a different structure to track that info. That'd likely be the "open file" structure you're seeing.
Apparently, the "file" structure also has a structure inside of it full of pointers to functions for stuff you can do with the file. This would be in order to support Unix's "everything is a file" philosophy and let you read and write to, say, a socket the same way you would to a regular file, as well as to provide a way to abstract away the filesystem-specific code from the code that'd work for everything (which makes supporting multiple filesystem types a lot easier). | An inode is basically the data sitting in one of more files (it's actually an index into a table of some sort with which you can locate that data).
A file, on the other hand, is a directory entry that points to the inode.
This is how UNIX-like operating systems implement hard links, the ability for two files to be "equivalent", so that changing one will change the other. Since inodes are unique per file system, you can have more than one file referencing the same data (as long as it's on the same file system, of course). |
9,552,646 | I have installed VJET plugin to Eclipse and I'd like to import ExtJs framework to be able to use code assistant to develop RIAs.
I searched google but haven't found type libs!
Need help!
Thanks | 2012/03/04 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/9552646",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/562422/"
] | An inode is basically the data sitting in one of more files (it's actually an index into a table of some sort with which you can locate that data).
A file, on the other hand, is a directory entry that points to the inode.
This is how UNIX-like operating systems implement hard links, the ability for two files to be "equivalent", so that changing one will change the other. Since inodes are unique per file system, you can have more than one file referencing the same data (as long as it's on the same file system, of course). | according to kernel device driver 3rd ([ldd3](http://www.makelinux.net/ldd3/)):
>
> The inode structure is used by the kernel internally to represent
> files. Therefore, it is different from the file structure that
> represents an open file descriptor. There can be numerous file
> structures representing multiple open descriptors on a single file,
> but they all point to a single inode structure.
>
>
> |
9,552,646 | I have installed VJET plugin to Eclipse and I'd like to import ExtJs framework to be able to use code assistant to develop RIAs.
I searched google but haven't found type libs!
Need help!
Thanks | 2012/03/04 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/9552646",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/562422/"
] | An inode is basically the data sitting in one of more files (it's actually an index into a table of some sort with which you can locate that data).
A file, on the other hand, is a directory entry that points to the inode.
This is how UNIX-like operating systems implement hard links, the ability for two files to be "equivalent", so that changing one will change the other. Since inodes are unique per file system, you can have more than one file referencing the same data (as long as it's on the same file system, of course). | An inode is an instance/body of a 'file'(e.g. /etc/passwd) or 'directory'(e.g.
/etc).
However, the '**struct file**' is a part of the instance of the changing(e.g. open-read/write-close) on the inode of a 'file' or 'directory'.
Every file system(including VFS) has to provide to basic mechanisms: 1) Representation of a 'file' or 'directory'; that is the inode. 2) Operations to manipulate the inode; that is open-read/write-close. Every time we open a 'file' or 'directory', we get a 'struct file' in kernel. So we could have many 'struct file's for a 'file' or 'directory'. Every 'struct file' reflects an operation on it. There are some flags and mode and lseek in 'struct file' which we used to assist the open-read/write-close. |
9,552,646 | I have installed VJET plugin to Eclipse and I'd like to import ExtJs framework to be able to use code assistant to develop RIAs.
I searched google but haven't found type libs!
Need help!
Thanks | 2012/03/04 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/9552646",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/562422/"
] | ext2+, NTFS, and other filesystems have a master table of files on the drive, and directories are just a special kind of file full of records that point to entries in the file table. (This setup allows for hard links, as well as "temporary files" that aren't visible via the directory structure.) An "inode" is Linux's (and probably other \*nixes') term for those master file table entries.
An inode doesn't track the current position within the file or the current mode (open for reading, writing, both...?), though. It only contains info that helps the OS find the contents of the file on disk and keep people who shouldn't be messing with it from doing so. You need a different structure to track that info. That'd likely be the "open file" structure you're seeing.
Apparently, the "file" structure also has a structure inside of it full of pointers to functions for stuff you can do with the file. This would be in order to support Unix's "everything is a file" philosophy and let you read and write to, say, a socket the same way you would to a regular file, as well as to provide a way to abstract away the filesystem-specific code from the code that'd work for everything (which makes supporting multiple filesystem types a lot easier). | An inode is on-disk metadata that represents a file. It contains the file's permission bits, the creation/modification/access timestamps, the actual file type, size of the file, etc...
A "open file" is simply a bit of memory in your process. Generally it's an array entry, which the filehandle you get from fopen() calls is the specific array key of. That array entry will contain (among other things) the current location of the cursor in the file where you'd be reading/write data from using the fwrite/fread calls. |
9,552,646 | I have installed VJET plugin to Eclipse and I'd like to import ExtJs framework to be able to use code assistant to develop RIAs.
I searched google but haven't found type libs!
Need help!
Thanks | 2012/03/04 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/9552646",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/562422/"
] | ext2+, NTFS, and other filesystems have a master table of files on the drive, and directories are just a special kind of file full of records that point to entries in the file table. (This setup allows for hard links, as well as "temporary files" that aren't visible via the directory structure.) An "inode" is Linux's (and probably other \*nixes') term for those master file table entries.
An inode doesn't track the current position within the file or the current mode (open for reading, writing, both...?), though. It only contains info that helps the OS find the contents of the file on disk and keep people who shouldn't be messing with it from doing so. You need a different structure to track that info. That'd likely be the "open file" structure you're seeing.
Apparently, the "file" structure also has a structure inside of it full of pointers to functions for stuff you can do with the file. This would be in order to support Unix's "everything is a file" philosophy and let you read and write to, say, a socket the same way you would to a regular file, as well as to provide a way to abstract away the filesystem-specific code from the code that'd work for everything (which makes supporting multiple filesystem types a lot easier). | according to kernel device driver 3rd ([ldd3](http://www.makelinux.net/ldd3/)):
>
> The inode structure is used by the kernel internally to represent
> files. Therefore, it is different from the file structure that
> represents an open file descriptor. There can be numerous file
> structures representing multiple open descriptors on a single file,
> but they all point to a single inode structure.
>
>
> |
9,552,646 | I have installed VJET plugin to Eclipse and I'd like to import ExtJs framework to be able to use code assistant to develop RIAs.
I searched google but haven't found type libs!
Need help!
Thanks | 2012/03/04 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/9552646",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/562422/"
] | ext2+, NTFS, and other filesystems have a master table of files on the drive, and directories are just a special kind of file full of records that point to entries in the file table. (This setup allows for hard links, as well as "temporary files" that aren't visible via the directory structure.) An "inode" is Linux's (and probably other \*nixes') term for those master file table entries.
An inode doesn't track the current position within the file or the current mode (open for reading, writing, both...?), though. It only contains info that helps the OS find the contents of the file on disk and keep people who shouldn't be messing with it from doing so. You need a different structure to track that info. That'd likely be the "open file" structure you're seeing.
Apparently, the "file" structure also has a structure inside of it full of pointers to functions for stuff you can do with the file. This would be in order to support Unix's "everything is a file" philosophy and let you read and write to, say, a socket the same way you would to a regular file, as well as to provide a way to abstract away the filesystem-specific code from the code that'd work for everything (which makes supporting multiple filesystem types a lot easier). | An inode is an instance/body of a 'file'(e.g. /etc/passwd) or 'directory'(e.g.
/etc).
However, the '**struct file**' is a part of the instance of the changing(e.g. open-read/write-close) on the inode of a 'file' or 'directory'.
Every file system(including VFS) has to provide to basic mechanisms: 1) Representation of a 'file' or 'directory'; that is the inode. 2) Operations to manipulate the inode; that is open-read/write-close. Every time we open a 'file' or 'directory', we get a 'struct file' in kernel. So we could have many 'struct file's for a 'file' or 'directory'. Every 'struct file' reflects an operation on it. There are some flags and mode and lseek in 'struct file' which we used to assist the open-read/write-close. |
3,226,625 | How can I run and show an exe file (e.g. Telnet) in rich text file in C#? I wanted the rich text file to show what the exe file is showing. | 2010/07/12 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/3226625",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/389266/"
] | Especially regarding to telnet you have two possibilities:
1. Due to the fact, that telnet is nothing more than sending text over a tcp session you can make your own tcp connection and use it or take some [helper class](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/390188/c-telnet-library).
2. The telnet.exe (command line version) uses the standard input and outputs to send and receive data. So you can start the process by the [Process class](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.diagnostics.process.aspx) and use a [startInfo](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.diagnostics.processstartinfo.aspx) to redirect them somewhere into your own app. Here you can take this stream, convert it into a string and put it with any formatting you like into a RichTextBox. | You will have to start the exe using [System.Diagnostics.Process](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.diagnostics.process.aspx), and then redirect stdout to your rich text file.
[See this article on CodeProject](http://www.codeproject.com/KB/cs/ProcessStartDemo.aspx) for a good example. |
35,554 | In the [the final Trump-Clinton presidential debate](https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2016/10/19/the-final-trump-clinton-debate-transcript-annotated/), Hillary Clinton said:
>
> But here's the deal. The bottom line on nuclear weapons is that when the president gives the order, it must be followed. There's about four minutes between the order being given and the people responsible for launching nuclear weapons to do so. And that's why 10 people who have had that awesome responsibility have come out and, in an unprecedented way, said they would not trust Donald Trump with the nuclear codes or to have his finger on the nuclear button.
>
>
>
Some people, such as commenters on [this Reddit forum](https://www.reddit.com/r/The_Donald/comments/58ein3/just_want_to_point_out_that_clinton_just_told_the/?st=IUHUT0Y3&sh=ae0171fe) are concerned that that information is classified, and should not have been publicized.
Is that information classified by the US military? | 2016/10/20 | [
"https://skeptics.stackexchange.com/questions/35554",
"https://skeptics.stackexchange.com",
"https://skeptics.stackexchange.com/users/31737/"
] | **No, this is not classified information.**
There have been plenty of descriptions of the timeline to launch US nuclear weapons, most much more detailed than anything Secretary Clinton said, and none of the people publishing them have been prosecuted. Also the articles giving those details are still easily available, and have been for years, indicating that the US military does not see any problem with them being published.
Here are some examples:
* [NTI](http://www.nti.org/analysis/articles/launch-under-attack-feasible/)
* [Foreign Policy](https://foreignpolicy.com/2016/08/05/our-nuclear-procedures-are-crazier-than-trump/)
* [Bloomberg](http://www.bloomberg.com/politics/graphics/2016-nuclear-weapon-launch/)
* [GlobalNews](http://globalnews.ca/news/2862433/why-a-nuclear-mutiny-against-a-president-donald-trump-would-likely-fail/)
EDIT: While it is technically possible for information to be both classified and widely known to the public (for example the location of a US aircraft carrier may be technically classified, even when it is in port and visible to anyone for miles around) revealing such information is not a crime if it could be obtained from non-classified sources, and does no harm to US interests, making the question pretty much moot. | No.
<https://foreignpolicy.com/2016/08/05/our-nuclear-procedures-are-crazier-than-trump/>
The author bases his estimate on information gleaned from a 30-year old book, so it's not exactly *new* information.
[Bloomberg also reported on this back in September](http://www.bloomberg.com/politics/graphics/2016-nuclear-weapon-launch/).
>
> About five minutes may elapse from the president’s decision until intercontinental ballistic missiles blast out of their silos, and about fifteen minutes until submarine missiles shoot out of their tubes. Once fired, the missiles and their warheads cannot be called back.
>
>
>
Not exactly four minutes, but I think that would be quibbling. |
51,453,066 | I've set up 2 projects in FCM - MyAppCommsLive and MyAppCommsTest.
In each of the projects I have added my app com.mycompany.myapp as an Android app.
In my ionic 3 app, I compile 2 versions that point 2 different instances of my REST api. I keep the app id the same but all that changes is the URL to the API. So, the app id is com.mycompany.myapp.
When I compile the test version I include a specific google-services.json file that has the keys for the MyAppCommsTest FCM project. Likewise, when I compile the live version I use its respective google-services.json file.
However, if I send a push notification using the MyAppCommsTest API key, both the test and live devices receive the notification.
Right now the notifications I'm sending are sent top "/topics/all" as they are global notifications. What I am trying to avoid is sending messages to live devices inadvertently.
Am I missing something here, should this be happening? | 2018/07/21 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/51453066",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/453980/"
] | First, I suggest that you change the one app package name to append `.debug` to it. You will need to reconfigure it on Firebase and download the json file again if you do this.
Secondly, you might find that your json files contain properties for both apps, depending on how you declared them in Firebase. Make sure each app's json only contains properties for that app by editing the files manually. | Following on from what @Richard-Le-Mesurier suggested I double checked all settings but I kept having the issue. The problem was that even though I was recompiling the app and deploying it to the device using adb, I was not uninstalling the previous version.
After uninstalling between deployments I no longer get the "crossed-wires" I was experiencing. |
112,296 | I'm trying to make nanotube models and molecules in Blender but I'd prefer if I can work with the defaulted units as nm or angstroms. | 2018/07/06 | [
"https://blender.stackexchange.com/questions/112296",
"https://blender.stackexchange.com",
"https://blender.stackexchange.com/users/58677/"
] | See: <https://docs.blender.org/manual/en/dev/data_system/scenes/properties.html?#units>
That is the official explanation of units in blender and how to change them. | The short answer is no. (Blender allows you to set a Unit to 10μm, and will display 1μm in its numerical fields).
But apart from notational convenience, and possibly unambiguous communication with others when you share files, you would gain nothing; this is so far below anything in Blender that is scale-dependent: simulations of Newtonian physics, and the some aspects of the renderers' approximations to / imitations of the behavior of light.
This scale is smaller than the wavelengths of visible light. Since there is no possible visual representation of the world at this scale, only symbolization, @JaroslavJerrynoNovotny 's suggestion seems right. In Properties > Scene > Units, you set the units to 'None', noting for yourself and others that a Blender Unit is, say, 1nm. |
592,461 | I want to turn a white LED on and off via my microcontroller GPIO. The ESP-01S board that I have uses an ESP8266 chip, which has a limit of 12 mA GPIO output current. However, I want to drive this LED with about 25 mA.
The transistor I have is a S8050C NPN transistor. I'm using resistor R1 to limit current for the LED and resistor R2 to limit current for the GPIO pin.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/mYnGp.png)
Edit here: <https://www.circuit-diagram.org/circuits/8a2aa3cfd1e04356b4099cee6f851846>
I know that I will have to scale R2 according to the value given for minimal current gain in the S8050C datasheet, so the current for the LED is high enough.
However, what I'm still unsure about, are the voltages: The supply voltage for the LED is 5 V. My microcontroller uses 3.3 V. Let's say the LED becomes defective and behaves like a wire - will the GPIO pin see the 5 V? Or will the transistor from collector to base function as a diode? So as long as 5 V is below the breakdown voltage, the pin is fine? | 2021/10/27 | [
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/592461",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/users/297255/"
] | The component seems to be rated for standard industrial range from -40 to +85 degrees C.
Which basically means that the components are guaranteed to fully operate for its intended purpose within this range up to 85 C.
There is a good chance that it works without problems outside of this range, say at 86 degrees C at least for a short period, but if it happens to break immediately or degrades so that it only works only for 1 year instead of 10 years, the manufacturer is not liable since you used the part outside of range. | All magnetics reduce in permeability with rising temperature and transformers must have a high Q factor at 100 MHz at room temp to support the temperature range and degradation expected in Q at max temp. And max frequency of the spectrum which is not flat either.
Since Q=XL(f)/R you would expect that XL is much higher than 50 Ohms in order for the terminations to determine the transmission line impedance. You should expect your distributor to get you the temperature curves from TDK if you are an important customer. Otherwise you ought to test the magnetics properties with an RLC meter over temperature as these determine the performance along with your design and layout in a circuit Extended cable Margin measured eye-pattern Test. |
592,461 | I want to turn a white LED on and off via my microcontroller GPIO. The ESP-01S board that I have uses an ESP8266 chip, which has a limit of 12 mA GPIO output current. However, I want to drive this LED with about 25 mA.
The transistor I have is a S8050C NPN transistor. I'm using resistor R1 to limit current for the LED and resistor R2 to limit current for the GPIO pin.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/mYnGp.png)
Edit here: <https://www.circuit-diagram.org/circuits/8a2aa3cfd1e04356b4099cee6f851846>
I know that I will have to scale R2 according to the value given for minimal current gain in the S8050C datasheet, so the current for the LED is high enough.
However, what I'm still unsure about, are the voltages: The supply voltage for the LED is 5 V. My microcontroller uses 3.3 V. Let's say the LED becomes defective and behaves like a wire - will the GPIO pin see the 5 V? Or will the transistor from collector to base function as a diode? So as long as 5 V is below the breakdown voltage, the pin is fine? | 2021/10/27 | [
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/592461",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/users/297255/"
] | Here is the temperature behavior of a TDK [ferrite](https://www.dextermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/TDK_Dexter_Ferrites_Telecommunication_Materials_LAN_Pulse_Transformers.pdf) material used in 100base-T transformers, and comparison with other typical materials.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/63e27.png)
As you can see there's not a lot of effect on the intial permeability, but the incremental permeability suffers a significant drop at higher temperatures, especially the HP5 material.
If you enquire of the transformer manufacturer (TDK), perhaps they will share the material characteristics or at least the ferrite material name. Since TDK is a major supplier of ferrites they should not have a problem with that- it's probably a product made by TDK themselves.
Beyond the ferrite response there are also the temperature limitations of the wire insulation and perhaps adhesives and other materials used in the construction. Probably you're not close to their long-term limits though, given that they can withstand a short-term run through a reflow oven. | The component seems to be rated for standard industrial range from -40 to +85 degrees C.
Which basically means that the components are guaranteed to fully operate for its intended purpose within this range up to 85 C.
There is a good chance that it works without problems outside of this range, say at 86 degrees C at least for a short period, but if it happens to break immediately or degrades so that it only works only for 1 year instead of 10 years, the manufacturer is not liable since you used the part outside of range. |
592,461 | I want to turn a white LED on and off via my microcontroller GPIO. The ESP-01S board that I have uses an ESP8266 chip, which has a limit of 12 mA GPIO output current. However, I want to drive this LED with about 25 mA.
The transistor I have is a S8050C NPN transistor. I'm using resistor R1 to limit current for the LED and resistor R2 to limit current for the GPIO pin.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/mYnGp.png)
Edit here: <https://www.circuit-diagram.org/circuits/8a2aa3cfd1e04356b4099cee6f851846>
I know that I will have to scale R2 according to the value given for minimal current gain in the S8050C datasheet, so the current for the LED is high enough.
However, what I'm still unsure about, are the voltages: The supply voltage for the LED is 5 V. My microcontroller uses 3.3 V. Let's say the LED becomes defective and behaves like a wire - will the GPIO pin see the 5 V? Or will the transistor from collector to base function as a diode? So as long as 5 V is below the breakdown voltage, the pin is fine? | 2021/10/27 | [
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/592461",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/users/297255/"
] | Here is the temperature behavior of a TDK [ferrite](https://www.dextermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/TDK_Dexter_Ferrites_Telecommunication_Materials_LAN_Pulse_Transformers.pdf) material used in 100base-T transformers, and comparison with other typical materials.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/63e27.png)
As you can see there's not a lot of effect on the intial permeability, but the incremental permeability suffers a significant drop at higher temperatures, especially the HP5 material.
If you enquire of the transformer manufacturer (TDK), perhaps they will share the material characteristics or at least the ferrite material name. Since TDK is a major supplier of ferrites they should not have a problem with that- it's probably a product made by TDK themselves.
Beyond the ferrite response there are also the temperature limitations of the wire insulation and perhaps adhesives and other materials used in the construction. Probably you're not close to their long-term limits though, given that they can withstand a short-term run through a reflow oven. | All magnetics reduce in permeability with rising temperature and transformers must have a high Q factor at 100 MHz at room temp to support the temperature range and degradation expected in Q at max temp. And max frequency of the spectrum which is not flat either.
Since Q=XL(f)/R you would expect that XL is much higher than 50 Ohms in order for the terminations to determine the transmission line impedance. You should expect your distributor to get you the temperature curves from TDK if you are an important customer. Otherwise you ought to test the magnetics properties with an RLC meter over temperature as these determine the performance along with your design and layout in a circuit Extended cable Margin measured eye-pattern Test. |
513,716 | Basically, relative adverbs modify their antecedent and antecedents should be nouns, which I learned.
However, in the following sentence, 'where', which I think is a relative adverb, seems to modify 'outdoor,' which is an adverb:
Visual awareness is also heightened outside, where the eyes are exercised by motion.
Also, if 'where' is relative adverb, then it is used as a nonrestrictive relative adverb. Does 'where' modify 'outdoor,' despite the fact that it is an adverb, or is its antecedent the whole sentence before the comma? Or isn't 'where' a relative adverb at all?
Thank you. | 2019/09/26 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/513716",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/202237/"
] | I think "outside" is a noun modified by a non-restrictive relative clause. It is part of a PP with understood preposition "at", and it is that PP which is the adverb,. This doesn't make the relative clause an adverb, because the relative clause doesn't modify the adverb. | *Visual awareness is also heightened outside,* [*where the eyes are exercised by motion*].
Do you mean "outside" or "outdoors"? You use both these words in your question. I'll assume the former.
The bracketed element is a non-restrictive relative clause. Unlike restrictive relatives, non-defining ones are not modifiers; rather, they are supplements that refer to a semantic 'anchor' (in supplementary relatives, the anchor and the antecedent are the same). In your example the anchor is "outside". Note also that non-restrictive relatives can have virtually any element as antecedent, from a noun phrase to an entire clause.
"Where" is a relative adverb (or preposition in some grammars); it functions as a locative adjunct in the relative clause. Adjuncts in relative clauses are mostly associated with PPs, and it would be plausible here to interpret "outside" as roughly meaning "in the open".
Trad grammar takes this "outside" an adverb, but there are good reasons for calling it a preposition. |
513,716 | Basically, relative adverbs modify their antecedent and antecedents should be nouns, which I learned.
However, in the following sentence, 'where', which I think is a relative adverb, seems to modify 'outdoor,' which is an adverb:
Visual awareness is also heightened outside, where the eyes are exercised by motion.
Also, if 'where' is relative adverb, then it is used as a nonrestrictive relative adverb. Does 'where' modify 'outdoor,' despite the fact that it is an adverb, or is its antecedent the whole sentence before the comma? Or isn't 'where' a relative adverb at all?
Thank you. | 2019/09/26 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/513716",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/202237/"
] | I think "outside" is a noun modified by a non-restrictive relative clause. It is part of a PP with understood preposition "at", and it is that PP which is the adverb,. This doesn't make the relative clause an adverb, because the relative clause doesn't modify the adverb. | *Outside* or *0utdoors* can be considered substantives (considered to be nouns) and therefore eligible to be modified by the adjective clause introduced by the relative adverb. A substantive is an adjective or adverb whose idea can be substantiated with essence, as in I like green plants because green (substantive) is my favorite color. Likewise, the great outdoors is the substantive for anything that is beyond the door, so to speak. |
513,716 | Basically, relative adverbs modify their antecedent and antecedents should be nouns, which I learned.
However, in the following sentence, 'where', which I think is a relative adverb, seems to modify 'outdoor,' which is an adverb:
Visual awareness is also heightened outside, where the eyes are exercised by motion.
Also, if 'where' is relative adverb, then it is used as a nonrestrictive relative adverb. Does 'where' modify 'outdoor,' despite the fact that it is an adverb, or is its antecedent the whole sentence before the comma? Or isn't 'where' a relative adverb at all?
Thank you. | 2019/09/26 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/513716",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/202237/"
] | *Visual awareness is also heightened outside,* [*where the eyes are exercised by motion*].
Do you mean "outside" or "outdoors"? You use both these words in your question. I'll assume the former.
The bracketed element is a non-restrictive relative clause. Unlike restrictive relatives, non-defining ones are not modifiers; rather, they are supplements that refer to a semantic 'anchor' (in supplementary relatives, the anchor and the antecedent are the same). In your example the anchor is "outside". Note also that non-restrictive relatives can have virtually any element as antecedent, from a noun phrase to an entire clause.
"Where" is a relative adverb (or preposition in some grammars); it functions as a locative adjunct in the relative clause. Adjuncts in relative clauses are mostly associated with PPs, and it would be plausible here to interpret "outside" as roughly meaning "in the open".
Trad grammar takes this "outside" an adverb, but there are good reasons for calling it a preposition. | *Outside* or *0utdoors* can be considered substantives (considered to be nouns) and therefore eligible to be modified by the adjective clause introduced by the relative adverb. A substantive is an adjective or adverb whose idea can be substantiated with essence, as in I like green plants because green (substantive) is my favorite color. Likewise, the great outdoors is the substantive for anything that is beyond the door, so to speak. |
18,240 | When watching the Sinquefield cup on <http://grandchesstour.org/>, it is possible to try different moves qnd see how the computer evaluates the position after your suggested move.
Most moves will impair your position if it is not considered the best move by the computer. But for some moves (quite often) you instantly get an increased chance of winning, perhaps half a pawns advantage. I don't understand this: If a single move has a potential for significantly improving the players position, should this not already be reflected in the current standing before the move?
In my mind, any move not considered the best move by the computer, should lead to an impaired position, while the best move should just at best keep the standing even, not actually improve the players position. Logically, if the computer knows this move will improve the players position, then shouldn't it already appear at the current position to improve the players position, saying that "with the best play, you are half a pawn up"? Alternatively, is this just a result of how the website is implemented at grandchesstour.org? | 2017/08/06 | [
"https://chess.stackexchange.com/questions/18240",
"https://chess.stackexchange.com",
"https://chess.stackexchange.com/users/13910/"
] | If the computer was capable of evaluating every line of play right to the end of the game, the evaluation would never change. Indeed, the evaluation of every move would be either "win", "lose" or "draw". This is essentially what happens in endgame tablebases.\* If computers could do this for every position, every game against a computer would consist of the computer either resigning without making a move, offering you a draw in the initial position or being annoyed that you hadn't resigned or accepted that draw offer.
However, computers cannot evaluate that far because it would take impossibly long, both because games can be very long (hundreds of moves, in principle) and because there are many possibilities at each move. So, computers have to take a number of shortcuts. This includes trying to figure out quickly what the most important candidate moves are (taking an unprotected piece is probably a great move; hanging your queen is probably an awful move; ...) and also stopping the search after several moves and using some heuristics instead of more searching to try to figure out if the resulting position looks good or not.
The problem is that these shortcuts can go wrong. The computer might decide that hanging a piece is bad when it's actually a genius sacrifice. It might decide that a position has stabilized when really it hasn't. It might just not have enough power to see far enough into the future to see the real point of a particular move.
Here's a simple example, though it's no longer very realistic. Suppose you're about to checkmate me but I have a series of ten checks I can make to delay you. If I only look ten moves in advance, I'll think I'm doing OK: maybe I'm even a pawn up, so my evaluation is "After ten moves, I'm still a pawn up, so I'm good. Score +1" I play my first check, you respond, and now I see that it's mate in ten and resign. This is the so-called "horizon effect" which modern programs try to avoid (e.g., by looking deeper along lines that have a lot of forced moves) but it illustrates the general principle.
If the engine can see, say, ten moves into the future, then it's seeing farther into the game as each move is made. At the initial position, it can see what the board will look like at move 10; after one move, it can see to move 11 and so on. (Again, this is a simplification, since computers don't, these days, look a fixed distance into the future, but it gives you the general idea.)
The example you've given is just a less dramatic version of the examples I've given. As more moves are made, the computer can see deeper into the game, so it can give a more accurate evaluation. Another way to see this is in terms of information: as more moves are played, the computer has more information. It used to be guessing about what your response to 1.e4 would be, but now it knows that you've play the Sicilian, and so on.
---
\* There's a slight nuance here in that you actually need to count the number of moves to the win to avoid repeating positions. For example, consider the endgame of KQ vs K. Every move that doesn't stalemate or surrender the queen wins, so you need a mechanism to drive towards checkmate, rather than just randomly moving and saying, "Wow, I'm totally going to win this – almost every move wins!" | There is no inconsistency. When you make a move, the computer no longer has to search the previous position. It can now focuses all processing power into the new position, and thus the evaluation might change. The game tree could be very different.
This is just like how we play chess. |
18,240 | When watching the Sinquefield cup on <http://grandchesstour.org/>, it is possible to try different moves qnd see how the computer evaluates the position after your suggested move.
Most moves will impair your position if it is not considered the best move by the computer. But for some moves (quite often) you instantly get an increased chance of winning, perhaps half a pawns advantage. I don't understand this: If a single move has a potential for significantly improving the players position, should this not already be reflected in the current standing before the move?
In my mind, any move not considered the best move by the computer, should lead to an impaired position, while the best move should just at best keep the standing even, not actually improve the players position. Logically, if the computer knows this move will improve the players position, then shouldn't it already appear at the current position to improve the players position, saying that "with the best play, you are half a pawn up"? Alternatively, is this just a result of how the website is implemented at grandchesstour.org? | 2017/08/06 | [
"https://chess.stackexchange.com/questions/18240",
"https://chess.stackexchange.com",
"https://chess.stackexchange.com/users/13910/"
] | There is no inconsistency. When you make a move, the computer no longer has to search the previous position. It can now focuses all processing power into the new position, and thus the evaluation might change. The game tree could be very different.
This is just like how we play chess. | If there are 20 moves in a given position that means the engine is spending 95% of its time evaluating moves that are not the move that will be played. Switching from 5% of its analysis to 100% allows it to see much deeper much more quickly. This is especially true if the line chosen is a forcing line because the engine will be able to eliminate so many early moves. |
18,240 | When watching the Sinquefield cup on <http://grandchesstour.org/>, it is possible to try different moves qnd see how the computer evaluates the position after your suggested move.
Most moves will impair your position if it is not considered the best move by the computer. But for some moves (quite often) you instantly get an increased chance of winning, perhaps half a pawns advantage. I don't understand this: If a single move has a potential for significantly improving the players position, should this not already be reflected in the current standing before the move?
In my mind, any move not considered the best move by the computer, should lead to an impaired position, while the best move should just at best keep the standing even, not actually improve the players position. Logically, if the computer knows this move will improve the players position, then shouldn't it already appear at the current position to improve the players position, saying that "with the best play, you are half a pawn up"? Alternatively, is this just a result of how the website is implemented at grandchesstour.org? | 2017/08/06 | [
"https://chess.stackexchange.com/questions/18240",
"https://chess.stackexchange.com",
"https://chess.stackexchange.com/users/13910/"
] | If the computer was capable of evaluating every line of play right to the end of the game, the evaluation would never change. Indeed, the evaluation of every move would be either "win", "lose" or "draw". This is essentially what happens in endgame tablebases.\* If computers could do this for every position, every game against a computer would consist of the computer either resigning without making a move, offering you a draw in the initial position or being annoyed that you hadn't resigned or accepted that draw offer.
However, computers cannot evaluate that far because it would take impossibly long, both because games can be very long (hundreds of moves, in principle) and because there are many possibilities at each move. So, computers have to take a number of shortcuts. This includes trying to figure out quickly what the most important candidate moves are (taking an unprotected piece is probably a great move; hanging your queen is probably an awful move; ...) and also stopping the search after several moves and using some heuristics instead of more searching to try to figure out if the resulting position looks good or not.
The problem is that these shortcuts can go wrong. The computer might decide that hanging a piece is bad when it's actually a genius sacrifice. It might decide that a position has stabilized when really it hasn't. It might just not have enough power to see far enough into the future to see the real point of a particular move.
Here's a simple example, though it's no longer very realistic. Suppose you're about to checkmate me but I have a series of ten checks I can make to delay you. If I only look ten moves in advance, I'll think I'm doing OK: maybe I'm even a pawn up, so my evaluation is "After ten moves, I'm still a pawn up, so I'm good. Score +1" I play my first check, you respond, and now I see that it's mate in ten and resign. This is the so-called "horizon effect" which modern programs try to avoid (e.g., by looking deeper along lines that have a lot of forced moves) but it illustrates the general principle.
If the engine can see, say, ten moves into the future, then it's seeing farther into the game as each move is made. At the initial position, it can see what the board will look like at move 10; after one move, it can see to move 11 and so on. (Again, this is a simplification, since computers don't, these days, look a fixed distance into the future, but it gives you the general idea.)
The example you've given is just a less dramatic version of the examples I've given. As more moves are made, the computer can see deeper into the game, so it can give a more accurate evaluation. Another way to see this is in terms of information: as more moves are played, the computer has more information. It used to be guessing about what your response to 1.e4 would be, but now it knows that you've play the Sicilian, and so on.
---
\* There's a slight nuance here in that you actually need to count the number of moves to the win to avoid repeating positions. For example, consider the endgame of KQ vs K. Every move that doesn't stalemate or surrender the queen wins, so you need a mechanism to drive towards checkmate, rather than just randomly moving and saying, "Wow, I'm totally going to win this – almost every move wins!" | If there are 20 moves in a given position that means the engine is spending 95% of its time evaluating moves that are not the move that will be played. Switching from 5% of its analysis to 100% allows it to see much deeper much more quickly. This is especially true if the line chosen is a forcing line because the engine will be able to eliminate so many early moves. |
38,287 | I want to create a home server which can host websites i build.
I want it as a windows server and work the same as servers we get from hosting companies, what main points i should consider while thinking in that? | 2009/07/09 | [
"https://serverfault.com/questions/38287",
"https://serverfault.com",
"https://serverfault.com/users/978/"
] | * Power consumption
* Power reliability (UPC needed?)
* Many home network connections are asynchronous (DSL, Cable), meaning the upload rate is much smaller than the download rate.
* You need a proper DMZ network layout, protecting your home network from the outside while allowing access to your server
.
.
. | By "work the same" I'll assume you're referring to software. If that's the case, get a copy of Windows Server and install on the box and configure the services the way you want them. For the box itself, the specs should be whatever will handle your application with some room to grow.
Since it's a server, you'll want it running 24/7, so power consumption, heat, and noise will be your biggest concerns. You'll want something relatively quiet that can perhaps live under a desk. You'll want a battery backup/surge protector for power conditioning. I'd recommend putting any network gear on battery backup as well to keep the connection alive during a spike or brownout.
A stable Internet connection with static IP addresses will also be in order, preferably with business class support. You can do it with dynamic IP addresses, but it's not ideal and would require a [dynamic DNS service](http://www.dtdns.com) to operate.
Frankly, with the cost of VPS (virtual private servers) systems as low as they are, I'm not sure I would bother with an Internet server at home without a really compelling reason. |
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