qid int64 1 74.7M | question stringlengths 12 33.8k | date stringlengths 10 10 | metadata list | response_j stringlengths 0 115k | response_k stringlengths 2 98.3k |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
36,988 | I have recently acquired a small child. I need to name them. Actually, I already have. I need you to remember it. But how memorable would it be if I just *told* you the name? Not very. Therefore, I have devised a picture from which you must derive their name!
disclaimer: none of this intro is real and is just padding
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/NfulP.png)
There is a definite answer, and I hope you may come to find it. I will release hints if many require it.
Hint:
>
> The picture is minimal, but everything and its placement is key.
>
>
> | 2016/07/04 | [
"https://puzzling.stackexchange.com/questions/36988",
"https://puzzling.stackexchange.com",
"https://puzzling.stackexchange.com/users/7307/"
] | >
> Matthew
>
> German -> Serman -> Sermon -> Sermon on the Mount
>
>
> | The answer is:
>
> Matthew.
>
>
> He is the colour of the German flag. So "German."
>
> His eyes say G-->S so "Serman", or Sermon.
>
> He is on a mountain, so "Sermon on the Mount."
>
> The sermon on the mount was delivered by *matthew!*
>
>
> |
36,988 | I have recently acquired a small child. I need to name them. Actually, I already have. I need you to remember it. But how memorable would it be if I just *told* you the name? Not very. Therefore, I have devised a picture from which you must derive their name!
disclaimer: none of this intro is real and is just padding
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/NfulP.png)
There is a definite answer, and I hope you may come to find it. I will release hints if many require it.
Hint:
>
> The picture is minimal, but everything and its placement is key.
>
>
> | 2016/07/04 | [
"https://puzzling.stackexchange.com/questions/36988",
"https://puzzling.stackexchange.com",
"https://puzzling.stackexchange.com/users/7307/"
] | >
> Matthew
>
> German -> Serman -> Sermon -> Sermon on the Mount
>
>
> | The colour implies he's German, and he's standing on top of a mountain.
The German word for "mountaineer" is "bergsteiger", but you've moved the "s" away from the "g".
>
> His name is Berg Steiger.
>
>
> |
36,988 | I have recently acquired a small child. I need to name them. Actually, I already have. I need you to remember it. But how memorable would it be if I just *told* you the name? Not very. Therefore, I have devised a picture from which you must derive their name!
disclaimer: none of this intro is real and is just padding
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/NfulP.png)
There is a definite answer, and I hope you may come to find it. I will release hints if many require it.
Hint:
>
> The picture is minimal, but everything and its placement is key.
>
>
> | 2016/07/04 | [
"https://puzzling.stackexchange.com/questions/36988",
"https://puzzling.stackexchange.com",
"https://puzzling.stackexchange.com/users/7307/"
] | >
> Matthew
>
> German -> Serman -> Sermon -> Sermon on the Mount
>
>
> | >
> **G**ipfel**S**türmer
>
>
>
> Gip•fel•stür•mer
>
> **Definition:** Conquerer of a/the peak
> **Origin:** German
>
>
> |
36,988 | I have recently acquired a small child. I need to name them. Actually, I already have. I need you to remember it. But how memorable would it be if I just *told* you the name? Not very. Therefore, I have devised a picture from which you must derive their name!
disclaimer: none of this intro is real and is just padding
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/NfulP.png)
There is a definite answer, and I hope you may come to find it. I will release hints if many require it.
Hint:
>
> The picture is minimal, but everything and its placement is key.
>
>
> | 2016/07/04 | [
"https://puzzling.stackexchange.com/questions/36988",
"https://puzzling.stackexchange.com",
"https://puzzling.stackexchange.com/users/7307/"
] | The colour implies he's German, and he's standing on top of a mountain.
The German word for "mountaineer" is "bergsteiger", but you've moved the "s" away from the "g".
>
> His name is Berg Steiger.
>
>
> | The answer is:
>
> Matthew.
>
>
> He is the colour of the German flag. So "German."
>
> His eyes say G-->S so "Serman", or Sermon.
>
> He is on a mountain, so "Sermon on the Mount."
>
> The sermon on the mount was delivered by *matthew!*
>
>
> |
36,988 | I have recently acquired a small child. I need to name them. Actually, I already have. I need you to remember it. But how memorable would it be if I just *told* you the name? Not very. Therefore, I have devised a picture from which you must derive their name!
disclaimer: none of this intro is real and is just padding
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/NfulP.png)
There is a definite answer, and I hope you may come to find it. I will release hints if many require it.
Hint:
>
> The picture is minimal, but everything and its placement is key.
>
>
> | 2016/07/04 | [
"https://puzzling.stackexchange.com/questions/36988",
"https://puzzling.stackexchange.com",
"https://puzzling.stackexchange.com/users/7307/"
] | The answer is:
>
> Matthew.
>
>
> He is the colour of the German flag. So "German."
>
> His eyes say G-->S so "Serman", or Sermon.
>
> He is on a mountain, so "Sermon on the Mount."
>
> The sermon on the mount was delivered by *matthew!*
>
>
> | >
> **G**ipfel**S**türmer
>
>
>
> Gip•fel•stür•mer
>
> **Definition:** Conquerer of a/the peak
> **Origin:** German
>
>
> |
36,988 | I have recently acquired a small child. I need to name them. Actually, I already have. I need you to remember it. But how memorable would it be if I just *told* you the name? Not very. Therefore, I have devised a picture from which you must derive their name!
disclaimer: none of this intro is real and is just padding
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/NfulP.png)
There is a definite answer, and I hope you may come to find it. I will release hints if many require it.
Hint:
>
> The picture is minimal, but everything and its placement is key.
>
>
> | 2016/07/04 | [
"https://puzzling.stackexchange.com/questions/36988",
"https://puzzling.stackexchange.com",
"https://puzzling.stackexchange.com/users/7307/"
] | The colour implies he's German, and he's standing on top of a mountain.
The German word for "mountaineer" is "bergsteiger", but you've moved the "s" away from the "g".
>
> His name is Berg Steiger.
>
>
> | >
> **G**ipfel**S**türmer
>
>
>
> Gip•fel•stür•mer
>
> **Definition:** Conquerer of a/the peak
> **Origin:** German
>
>
> |
23,253 | I saw the term JTB (Justified true belief).
What is the act of Justificaton ?
What makes somthing "Just" ?
Cheers
Sharon | 2015/04/24 | [
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/questions/23253",
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com",
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/users/14411/"
] | "Justified" in the phrase "justified true belief" means that you have a good reason for your belief. A belief could be justified, yet false, meaning that you have a good reason to believe it, but yet it is not true. (For instance, you could believe it is raining, because it was when you entered the house a few seconds ago, yet it could have stopped in that short of a span of time --your belief is justified but false.)
What counts as a valid justification [is controversial](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_justification). | Justified true belief has less to do with "Just" in a legal moral since, and more to do with personal beliefs.
1. Grass is Green
2. I believe that grass is green.
3. The Sky is blue
4. I believe the sky is orange.
We would on a spring day with a healthy lawn say that 2 is a justified true belief.
For 4 we would say my belief was unjustified.
As for the other two questions
>
> What is the act of Justificaton ? What makes something "Just" ?
>
>
>
I'll leave those for someone else to answer, they are pretty loaded questions. |
21,445,972 | I recently updated my application to Visual Studio 2013. I'm attempting to make a final Windows XP build before dropping support, but I'm running into a problem with the installer after changing the installer version from 200 to 405. I had to do this in order to include the VC120 merge modules.
When I try to install my application on Windows XP, I get a dialog saying '*This installation package cannot be installed by the Windows installer service. You must install a Windows service pack that contains a newer version of the Windows Installer service.*' This machine does have the latest service pack, however.
Is there any way for me to redistribute the VC120 runtime to Windows XP alongside my application? | 2014/01/30 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/21445972",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/214796/"
] | Don't use the merge modules. Create a burn bootstrapper bundle that redistributes [this](http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=40784) instead. The installation requirements call out XP as acceptable.
[Building Installation Package Bundles](http://wixtoolset.org/documentation/manual/v3/bundle/) | Windows XP SP3 included Windows Installer 3.1 which is likely too old.
There is a separate [Windows Installer 4.5 Redistributable](http://www.microsoft.com/en-ca/download/details.aspx?id=8483) you can use to update an XP system.
Can run `Msiexec` at a commmand line to check the current Windows Installer version (a dialog comes up which shows the version at the top of a text box). |
407,699 | I'm using google chrome, is there some setting somewhere I can change? | 2012/04/02 | [
"https://superuser.com/questions/407699",
"https://superuser.com",
"https://superuser.com/users/103400/"
] | Go to chrome://settings/handlers and remove the setting for gmail.
It is under Privacy then content settings. | It should respond to the windows defaults which are set in:-
>
> control panel > internet options > programs > set programs
>
>
>
This will set the mail client for all programs including chrome. |
4,449,314 | I have been looking at an issue for a week straight and have been unable to figure it out and I am *desperate* for the fix.
On a client site, we have two environments: UAT and PROD. UAT works perfect (Please keep this in mind). We are now trying to deploy the solution to PROD but certain parts of the solution are not working.
We have developed an asp.net application that we provide to clients to allow them to invoke SSIS packages (there are a couple of drop downs that they first select then click a button named "invoke").
When the user clicks the Invoke button, a batch file named InvokeSSIS.bat is called that assembles a command line call to dtexec with the appropriate parameters.
I'm having a problem with a particular package that is responsible for calling an executable which generates a spreadsheet that i will be importing into my system.
The executable is on an mapped H:\ drive.
I have modified the InvokeSSIS.bat batch file to capture the command the batch file is generating. If I execute this command from the command line, it works perfectly. From the webapp Invoker, it executes the package but the tasks responsible for calling the executable doesn't execute as the entire package takes only 1 second to complete (whereas it should take about a minute.)
The executable DOES have a GUI, but it is NOT interactive. This is because when you call the GUI with specific parameters, it automatically runs in batch mode and executes a macro used to generate the desired spreadsheet.
I know this is ok because it works on the UAT server AND it works from the command line!
I have checked the permissions on the executable (bu right-clicking the executable and clicking properties.) I have granted Full Control on the executable to the same user specified as the identity tab of the application pool i am using.
Can someone please help me? As I said I am dying over here!
Please let me know if you have any ideas or what other info you need.
Environment (both UAT and PROD)
OS: Windows Server 2003
IIS 6
asp.net 2.0
SQL Server 2008
Thanks!
Steve | 2010/12/15 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/4449314",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/543264/"
] | That is correct. Any leak of memory after the lifetime of a process on a protected mode operating system is as a really nasty bug in the kernel (sometimes processes crash).
Having said that, the simplest way to check for memory leaks is to ensure that the heap has exactly the same number of allocated cells at the end of execution as it has at the beginning of execution. If you do not `delete` on exit, you have no way of checking this and will never discover legitimate memory leaks. | No fear, the OS reclaims all the memory. What you need to watch out for is leaving some persistent resources, such as files, in an indeterminate state.
Just FYI my programming language deliberately fails to free memory on exit by default: it's faster that way. However RAII is not permitted. In C++ if you use RAII then you need to take more care. |
4,449,314 | I have been looking at an issue for a week straight and have been unable to figure it out and I am *desperate* for the fix.
On a client site, we have two environments: UAT and PROD. UAT works perfect (Please keep this in mind). We are now trying to deploy the solution to PROD but certain parts of the solution are not working.
We have developed an asp.net application that we provide to clients to allow them to invoke SSIS packages (there are a couple of drop downs that they first select then click a button named "invoke").
When the user clicks the Invoke button, a batch file named InvokeSSIS.bat is called that assembles a command line call to dtexec with the appropriate parameters.
I'm having a problem with a particular package that is responsible for calling an executable which generates a spreadsheet that i will be importing into my system.
The executable is on an mapped H:\ drive.
I have modified the InvokeSSIS.bat batch file to capture the command the batch file is generating. If I execute this command from the command line, it works perfectly. From the webapp Invoker, it executes the package but the tasks responsible for calling the executable doesn't execute as the entire package takes only 1 second to complete (whereas it should take about a minute.)
The executable DOES have a GUI, but it is NOT interactive. This is because when you call the GUI with specific parameters, it automatically runs in batch mode and executes a macro used to generate the desired spreadsheet.
I know this is ok because it works on the UAT server AND it works from the command line!
I have checked the permissions on the executable (bu right-clicking the executable and clicking properties.) I have granted Full Control on the executable to the same user specified as the identity tab of the application pool i am using.
Can someone please help me? As I said I am dying over here!
Please let me know if you have any ideas or what other info you need.
Environment (both UAT and PROD)
OS: Windows Server 2003
IIS 6
asp.net 2.0
SQL Server 2008
Thanks!
Steve | 2010/12/15 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/4449314",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/543264/"
] | No fear, the OS reclaims all the memory. What you need to watch out for is leaving some persistent resources, such as files, in an indeterminate state.
Just FYI my programming language deliberately fails to free memory on exit by default: it's faster that way. However RAII is not permitted. In C++ if you use RAII then you need to take more care. | Fast answer is no damage for OS if program don't call destructors of created objects or not freeing memory or other OS handles. Maximum impact is lost part of files which program has written before exiting.
Therefore Herb Satter in their book write about technique that short-lived applications specially doesn't free memory and don't call destructors for maximum speed of execution.
But better that programs normally handles their used OS resources.
(Sorry for my English) |
4,449,314 | I have been looking at an issue for a week straight and have been unable to figure it out and I am *desperate* for the fix.
On a client site, we have two environments: UAT and PROD. UAT works perfect (Please keep this in mind). We are now trying to deploy the solution to PROD but certain parts of the solution are not working.
We have developed an asp.net application that we provide to clients to allow them to invoke SSIS packages (there are a couple of drop downs that they first select then click a button named "invoke").
When the user clicks the Invoke button, a batch file named InvokeSSIS.bat is called that assembles a command line call to dtexec with the appropriate parameters.
I'm having a problem with a particular package that is responsible for calling an executable which generates a spreadsheet that i will be importing into my system.
The executable is on an mapped H:\ drive.
I have modified the InvokeSSIS.bat batch file to capture the command the batch file is generating. If I execute this command from the command line, it works perfectly. From the webapp Invoker, it executes the package but the tasks responsible for calling the executable doesn't execute as the entire package takes only 1 second to complete (whereas it should take about a minute.)
The executable DOES have a GUI, but it is NOT interactive. This is because when you call the GUI with specific parameters, it automatically runs in batch mode and executes a macro used to generate the desired spreadsheet.
I know this is ok because it works on the UAT server AND it works from the command line!
I have checked the permissions on the executable (bu right-clicking the executable and clicking properties.) I have granted Full Control on the executable to the same user specified as the identity tab of the application pool i am using.
Can someone please help me? As I said I am dying over here!
Please let me know if you have any ideas or what other info you need.
Environment (both UAT and PROD)
OS: Windows Server 2003
IIS 6
asp.net 2.0
SQL Server 2008
Thanks!
Steve | 2010/12/15 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/4449314",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/543264/"
] | No fear, the OS reclaims all the memory. What you need to watch out for is leaving some persistent resources, such as files, in an indeterminate state.
Just FYI my programming language deliberately fails to free memory on exit by default: it's faster that way. However RAII is not permitted. In C++ if you use RAII then you need to take more care. | You need to be more careful with other resources like file handles, database connections, etc. However, all memory is definitely reclaimed. |
4,449,314 | I have been looking at an issue for a week straight and have been unable to figure it out and I am *desperate* for the fix.
On a client site, we have two environments: UAT and PROD. UAT works perfect (Please keep this in mind). We are now trying to deploy the solution to PROD but certain parts of the solution are not working.
We have developed an asp.net application that we provide to clients to allow them to invoke SSIS packages (there are a couple of drop downs that they first select then click a button named "invoke").
When the user clicks the Invoke button, a batch file named InvokeSSIS.bat is called that assembles a command line call to dtexec with the appropriate parameters.
I'm having a problem with a particular package that is responsible for calling an executable which generates a spreadsheet that i will be importing into my system.
The executable is on an mapped H:\ drive.
I have modified the InvokeSSIS.bat batch file to capture the command the batch file is generating. If I execute this command from the command line, it works perfectly. From the webapp Invoker, it executes the package but the tasks responsible for calling the executable doesn't execute as the entire package takes only 1 second to complete (whereas it should take about a minute.)
The executable DOES have a GUI, but it is NOT interactive. This is because when you call the GUI with specific parameters, it automatically runs in batch mode and executes a macro used to generate the desired spreadsheet.
I know this is ok because it works on the UAT server AND it works from the command line!
I have checked the permissions on the executable (bu right-clicking the executable and clicking properties.) I have granted Full Control on the executable to the same user specified as the identity tab of the application pool i am using.
Can someone please help me? As I said I am dying over here!
Please let me know if you have any ideas or what other info you need.
Environment (both UAT and PROD)
OS: Windows Server 2003
IIS 6
asp.net 2.0
SQL Server 2008
Thanks!
Steve | 2010/12/15 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/4449314",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/543264/"
] | That is correct. Any leak of memory after the lifetime of a process on a protected mode operating system is as a really nasty bug in the kernel (sometimes processes crash).
Having said that, the simplest way to check for memory leaks is to ensure that the heap has exactly the same number of allocated cells at the end of execution as it has at the beginning of execution. If you do not `delete` on exit, you have no way of checking this and will never discover legitimate memory leaks. | Modern OSes reclaim all resources of a closed process. Not only memory, but also file handles, etc. |
4,449,314 | I have been looking at an issue for a week straight and have been unable to figure it out and I am *desperate* for the fix.
On a client site, we have two environments: UAT and PROD. UAT works perfect (Please keep this in mind). We are now trying to deploy the solution to PROD but certain parts of the solution are not working.
We have developed an asp.net application that we provide to clients to allow them to invoke SSIS packages (there are a couple of drop downs that they first select then click a button named "invoke").
When the user clicks the Invoke button, a batch file named InvokeSSIS.bat is called that assembles a command line call to dtexec with the appropriate parameters.
I'm having a problem with a particular package that is responsible for calling an executable which generates a spreadsheet that i will be importing into my system.
The executable is on an mapped H:\ drive.
I have modified the InvokeSSIS.bat batch file to capture the command the batch file is generating. If I execute this command from the command line, it works perfectly. From the webapp Invoker, it executes the package but the tasks responsible for calling the executable doesn't execute as the entire package takes only 1 second to complete (whereas it should take about a minute.)
The executable DOES have a GUI, but it is NOT interactive. This is because when you call the GUI with specific parameters, it automatically runs in batch mode and executes a macro used to generate the desired spreadsheet.
I know this is ok because it works on the UAT server AND it works from the command line!
I have checked the permissions on the executable (bu right-clicking the executable and clicking properties.) I have granted Full Control on the executable to the same user specified as the identity tab of the application pool i am using.
Can someone please help me? As I said I am dying over here!
Please let me know if you have any ideas or what other info you need.
Environment (both UAT and PROD)
OS: Windows Server 2003
IIS 6
asp.net 2.0
SQL Server 2008
Thanks!
Steve | 2010/12/15 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/4449314",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/543264/"
] | Modern OSes reclaim all resources of a closed process. Not only memory, but also file handles, etc. | Fast answer is no damage for OS if program don't call destructors of created objects or not freeing memory or other OS handles. Maximum impact is lost part of files which program has written before exiting.
Therefore Herb Satter in their book write about technique that short-lived applications specially doesn't free memory and don't call destructors for maximum speed of execution.
But better that programs normally handles their used OS resources.
(Sorry for my English) |
4,449,314 | I have been looking at an issue for a week straight and have been unable to figure it out and I am *desperate* for the fix.
On a client site, we have two environments: UAT and PROD. UAT works perfect (Please keep this in mind). We are now trying to deploy the solution to PROD but certain parts of the solution are not working.
We have developed an asp.net application that we provide to clients to allow them to invoke SSIS packages (there are a couple of drop downs that they first select then click a button named "invoke").
When the user clicks the Invoke button, a batch file named InvokeSSIS.bat is called that assembles a command line call to dtexec with the appropriate parameters.
I'm having a problem with a particular package that is responsible for calling an executable which generates a spreadsheet that i will be importing into my system.
The executable is on an mapped H:\ drive.
I have modified the InvokeSSIS.bat batch file to capture the command the batch file is generating. If I execute this command from the command line, it works perfectly. From the webapp Invoker, it executes the package but the tasks responsible for calling the executable doesn't execute as the entire package takes only 1 second to complete (whereas it should take about a minute.)
The executable DOES have a GUI, but it is NOT interactive. This is because when you call the GUI with specific parameters, it automatically runs in batch mode and executes a macro used to generate the desired spreadsheet.
I know this is ok because it works on the UAT server AND it works from the command line!
I have checked the permissions on the executable (bu right-clicking the executable and clicking properties.) I have granted Full Control on the executable to the same user specified as the identity tab of the application pool i am using.
Can someone please help me? As I said I am dying over here!
Please let me know if you have any ideas or what other info you need.
Environment (both UAT and PROD)
OS: Windows Server 2003
IIS 6
asp.net 2.0
SQL Server 2008
Thanks!
Steve | 2010/12/15 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/4449314",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/543264/"
] | Modern OSes reclaim all resources of a closed process. Not only memory, but also file handles, etc. | You need to be more careful with other resources like file handles, database connections, etc. However, all memory is definitely reclaimed. |
4,449,314 | I have been looking at an issue for a week straight and have been unable to figure it out and I am *desperate* for the fix.
On a client site, we have two environments: UAT and PROD. UAT works perfect (Please keep this in mind). We are now trying to deploy the solution to PROD but certain parts of the solution are not working.
We have developed an asp.net application that we provide to clients to allow them to invoke SSIS packages (there are a couple of drop downs that they first select then click a button named "invoke").
When the user clicks the Invoke button, a batch file named InvokeSSIS.bat is called that assembles a command line call to dtexec with the appropriate parameters.
I'm having a problem with a particular package that is responsible for calling an executable which generates a spreadsheet that i will be importing into my system.
The executable is on an mapped H:\ drive.
I have modified the InvokeSSIS.bat batch file to capture the command the batch file is generating. If I execute this command from the command line, it works perfectly. From the webapp Invoker, it executes the package but the tasks responsible for calling the executable doesn't execute as the entire package takes only 1 second to complete (whereas it should take about a minute.)
The executable DOES have a GUI, but it is NOT interactive. This is because when you call the GUI with specific parameters, it automatically runs in batch mode and executes a macro used to generate the desired spreadsheet.
I know this is ok because it works on the UAT server AND it works from the command line!
I have checked the permissions on the executable (bu right-clicking the executable and clicking properties.) I have granted Full Control on the executable to the same user specified as the identity tab of the application pool i am using.
Can someone please help me? As I said I am dying over here!
Please let me know if you have any ideas or what other info you need.
Environment (both UAT and PROD)
OS: Windows Server 2003
IIS 6
asp.net 2.0
SQL Server 2008
Thanks!
Steve | 2010/12/15 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/4449314",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/543264/"
] | That is correct. Any leak of memory after the lifetime of a process on a protected mode operating system is as a really nasty bug in the kernel (sometimes processes crash).
Having said that, the simplest way to check for memory leaks is to ensure that the heap has exactly the same number of allocated cells at the end of execution as it has at the beginning of execution. If you do not `delete` on exit, you have no way of checking this and will never discover legitimate memory leaks. | Fast answer is no damage for OS if program don't call destructors of created objects or not freeing memory or other OS handles. Maximum impact is lost part of files which program has written before exiting.
Therefore Herb Satter in their book write about technique that short-lived applications specially doesn't free memory and don't call destructors for maximum speed of execution.
But better that programs normally handles their used OS resources.
(Sorry for my English) |
4,449,314 | I have been looking at an issue for a week straight and have been unable to figure it out and I am *desperate* for the fix.
On a client site, we have two environments: UAT and PROD. UAT works perfect (Please keep this in mind). We are now trying to deploy the solution to PROD but certain parts of the solution are not working.
We have developed an asp.net application that we provide to clients to allow them to invoke SSIS packages (there are a couple of drop downs that they first select then click a button named "invoke").
When the user clicks the Invoke button, a batch file named InvokeSSIS.bat is called that assembles a command line call to dtexec with the appropriate parameters.
I'm having a problem with a particular package that is responsible for calling an executable which generates a spreadsheet that i will be importing into my system.
The executable is on an mapped H:\ drive.
I have modified the InvokeSSIS.bat batch file to capture the command the batch file is generating. If I execute this command from the command line, it works perfectly. From the webapp Invoker, it executes the package but the tasks responsible for calling the executable doesn't execute as the entire package takes only 1 second to complete (whereas it should take about a minute.)
The executable DOES have a GUI, but it is NOT interactive. This is because when you call the GUI with specific parameters, it automatically runs in batch mode and executes a macro used to generate the desired spreadsheet.
I know this is ok because it works on the UAT server AND it works from the command line!
I have checked the permissions on the executable (bu right-clicking the executable and clicking properties.) I have granted Full Control on the executable to the same user specified as the identity tab of the application pool i am using.
Can someone please help me? As I said I am dying over here!
Please let me know if you have any ideas or what other info you need.
Environment (both UAT and PROD)
OS: Windows Server 2003
IIS 6
asp.net 2.0
SQL Server 2008
Thanks!
Steve | 2010/12/15 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/4449314",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/543264/"
] | That is correct. Any leak of memory after the lifetime of a process on a protected mode operating system is as a really nasty bug in the kernel (sometimes processes crash).
Having said that, the simplest way to check for memory leaks is to ensure that the heap has exactly the same number of allocated cells at the end of execution as it has at the beginning of execution. If you do not `delete` on exit, you have no way of checking this and will never discover legitimate memory leaks. | You need to be more careful with other resources like file handles, database connections, etc. However, all memory is definitely reclaimed. |
229,018 | So, I'm working on a story where there are 7 gods, one high god and 6 low gods, and the high god dies leading the 6 others ones to squabble on who'll be in charge. Each god represents a concept and each, at the start, are worshipped equally with no religion being persecuted. Gods get stronger the more they are worshipped. This means that he who has the most worshippers wins.
So, the 6 who I've chosen are
The god of lies, deception, stories, eloquence, etc
The god of gambling, money, exploitation, risks
The god of freedom, anarchy, violence, etc
The god of dreams, sleep, ideals, thinking
The god of order, stagnation, law, etc
The god of war, honor, combat, competition, etc
Which would the people naturally gravitate towards to worship? | 2022/04/26 | [
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/229018",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/users/95829/"
] | **It would smell like chlorine**
Of the three substances, bleach is the one with the strongest and most distinctive smell, and it would easily overpower the relatively delicate smell of ethanol and the faint smell of oil.
**It would taste salty and metallic**
That's mostly your own blood, flooding your tastebuds as your delicate oral mucosa is badly burnt and damaged. Chloride ions taste salty too, but honestly, you're too busy bleeding from your orifice(s) to notice.
**It would sound like *AAAAAaaaaaAaargh***
As above. *Don't drink this stuff.*
Incidentally, I'm not even sure the mixture you have in mind would be any use for what you want. Bleach works in large part by being very reactive; lubricant by being very inert. You can use ethanol as a solvent to force them to mix despite one being very polar and the other not at all, but I suspect you'd end up with a smelly, toxic, greasy mess that does neither job particularly well. | Unless you want to venture on the path of describing the taste like a sommelier would do with a wine, you can just go with something along the line of
>
> it tasted and smelled like chlorine bleach, lubricant oil, and ethyl alcohol mixed together
>
>
>
Each of those has a smell which is pretty well defined and characteristic, so that would be enough for describing it. |
229,018 | So, I'm working on a story where there are 7 gods, one high god and 6 low gods, and the high god dies leading the 6 others ones to squabble on who'll be in charge. Each god represents a concept and each, at the start, are worshipped equally with no religion being persecuted. Gods get stronger the more they are worshipped. This means that he who has the most worshippers wins.
So, the 6 who I've chosen are
The god of lies, deception, stories, eloquence, etc
The god of gambling, money, exploitation, risks
The god of freedom, anarchy, violence, etc
The god of dreams, sleep, ideals, thinking
The god of order, stagnation, law, etc
The god of war, honor, combat, competition, etc
Which would the people naturally gravitate towards to worship? | 2022/04/26 | [
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/229018",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/users/95829/"
] | Unless you want to venture on the path of describing the taste like a sommelier would do with a wine, you can just go with something along the line of
>
> it tasted and smelled like chlorine bleach, lubricant oil, and ethyl alcohol mixed together
>
>
>
Each of those has a smell which is pretty well defined and characteristic, so that would be enough for describing it. | cleaning fluid
--------------
Fluids don't actually *clean* on their own. They help with cleaning by dissolving sticky stuff and washing away suspended particles.
That tells me the fluid is runny and constantly flowing. Not necessarily quickly, but constantly in a direction. From wherever it is generated to wherever it is disposed. It is probably reprocessed, dirt and waste is removed and handled by larger facilities.
disinfectant
------------
A disinfectant is basically something that is toxic to microbes and parasites, but not *excessively* toxic to the larger lifeforms that use the disinfectant.
Mostly that difference in toxicity is due to the fact that the larger lifeforms don't bathe in it.
Since it's magic alien tech, this tells me it *doesn't* smell that much. Smells are gasses of whatever is in the thing that smells, which in this case is toxic; you don't want it in your nostrils.
Some smell would be good though, just enough to warn you that you shouldn't drink it.
Incidentally, adding ethanol to bleach in order to make it a "disinfectant" is a bit like adding rat poison to a dirty nuke to make it "poisonous".
lubricant
---------
Pretty much any liquid works as a lubricant, as long as it coats the surfaces well. Since it already cycles around the station, all that is really needed is that anything that needs lubrication is designed to use the fluid.
Possibly it implies a high heat tolerance too.
WD-40
=====
It's essentially just a very fluid oil with the infrastructure to cycle it everywhere. Nothing very high tech at all.
The cleaning part is mostly about how you use it, disinfectant just means it's toxic and lubricant is just about getting it where it is needed.
The one high tech aspect of it is that it needs to be stable enough that the atmosphere in a room covered in the stuff should remain breathable. |
229,018 | So, I'm working on a story where there are 7 gods, one high god and 6 low gods, and the high god dies leading the 6 others ones to squabble on who'll be in charge. Each god represents a concept and each, at the start, are worshipped equally with no religion being persecuted. Gods get stronger the more they are worshipped. This means that he who has the most worshippers wins.
So, the 6 who I've chosen are
The god of lies, deception, stories, eloquence, etc
The god of gambling, money, exploitation, risks
The god of freedom, anarchy, violence, etc
The god of dreams, sleep, ideals, thinking
The god of order, stagnation, law, etc
The god of war, honor, combat, competition, etc
Which would the people naturally gravitate towards to worship? | 2022/04/26 | [
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/229018",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/users/95829/"
] | **It would smell like chlorine**
Of the three substances, bleach is the one with the strongest and most distinctive smell, and it would easily overpower the relatively delicate smell of ethanol and the faint smell of oil.
**It would taste salty and metallic**
That's mostly your own blood, flooding your tastebuds as your delicate oral mucosa is badly burnt and damaged. Chloride ions taste salty too, but honestly, you're too busy bleeding from your orifice(s) to notice.
**It would sound like *AAAAAaaaaaAaargh***
As above. *Don't drink this stuff.*
Incidentally, I'm not even sure the mixture you have in mind would be any use for what you want. Bleach works in large part by being very reactive; lubricant by being very inert. You can use ethanol as a solvent to force them to mix despite one being very polar and the other not at all, but I suspect you'd end up with a smelly, toxic, greasy mess that does neither job particularly well. | **Like being fifteen**
And drinking Aunty's moonshine under the Spar with Ish and Zoos and Sputs. Zoos had an agreement with Aunty and she paid him with moonshine. Moonshine from batches that she couldn't sell because her distillation regimen had gone poorly, and there were too many hints of the moonshine's origins.
That is how the slime tastes now. Like tooth scum so tenacious you can't lick it off and so you have to drink it off. Like burning in the nose that made everything smell sweet, even Ish. Like a bitter soapy funk, and almost like the hot sauce Zoos used to add to cover up that funk. Like the end of childhood, drinking with your buds, talking shit under the Spar, watching the world below getting ready to swallow you up. |
229,018 | So, I'm working on a story where there are 7 gods, one high god and 6 low gods, and the high god dies leading the 6 others ones to squabble on who'll be in charge. Each god represents a concept and each, at the start, are worshipped equally with no religion being persecuted. Gods get stronger the more they are worshipped. This means that he who has the most worshippers wins.
So, the 6 who I've chosen are
The god of lies, deception, stories, eloquence, etc
The god of gambling, money, exploitation, risks
The god of freedom, anarchy, violence, etc
The god of dreams, sleep, ideals, thinking
The god of order, stagnation, law, etc
The god of war, honor, combat, competition, etc
Which would the people naturally gravitate towards to worship? | 2022/04/26 | [
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/229018",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/users/95829/"
] | **It would smell like chlorine**
Of the three substances, bleach is the one with the strongest and most distinctive smell, and it would easily overpower the relatively delicate smell of ethanol and the faint smell of oil.
**It would taste salty and metallic**
That's mostly your own blood, flooding your tastebuds as your delicate oral mucosa is badly burnt and damaged. Chloride ions taste salty too, but honestly, you're too busy bleeding from your orifice(s) to notice.
**It would sound like *AAAAAaaaaaAaargh***
As above. *Don't drink this stuff.*
Incidentally, I'm not even sure the mixture you have in mind would be any use for what you want. Bleach works in large part by being very reactive; lubricant by being very inert. You can use ethanol as a solvent to force them to mix despite one being very polar and the other not at all, but I suspect you'd end up with a smelly, toxic, greasy mess that does neither job particularly well. | cleaning fluid
--------------
Fluids don't actually *clean* on their own. They help with cleaning by dissolving sticky stuff and washing away suspended particles.
That tells me the fluid is runny and constantly flowing. Not necessarily quickly, but constantly in a direction. From wherever it is generated to wherever it is disposed. It is probably reprocessed, dirt and waste is removed and handled by larger facilities.
disinfectant
------------
A disinfectant is basically something that is toxic to microbes and parasites, but not *excessively* toxic to the larger lifeforms that use the disinfectant.
Mostly that difference in toxicity is due to the fact that the larger lifeforms don't bathe in it.
Since it's magic alien tech, this tells me it *doesn't* smell that much. Smells are gasses of whatever is in the thing that smells, which in this case is toxic; you don't want it in your nostrils.
Some smell would be good though, just enough to warn you that you shouldn't drink it.
Incidentally, adding ethanol to bleach in order to make it a "disinfectant" is a bit like adding rat poison to a dirty nuke to make it "poisonous".
lubricant
---------
Pretty much any liquid works as a lubricant, as long as it coats the surfaces well. Since it already cycles around the station, all that is really needed is that anything that needs lubrication is designed to use the fluid.
Possibly it implies a high heat tolerance too.
WD-40
=====
It's essentially just a very fluid oil with the infrastructure to cycle it everywhere. Nothing very high tech at all.
The cleaning part is mostly about how you use it, disinfectant just means it's toxic and lubricant is just about getting it where it is needed.
The one high tech aspect of it is that it needs to be stable enough that the atmosphere in a room covered in the stuff should remain breathable. |
229,018 | So, I'm working on a story where there are 7 gods, one high god and 6 low gods, and the high god dies leading the 6 others ones to squabble on who'll be in charge. Each god represents a concept and each, at the start, are worshipped equally with no religion being persecuted. Gods get stronger the more they are worshipped. This means that he who has the most worshippers wins.
So, the 6 who I've chosen are
The god of lies, deception, stories, eloquence, etc
The god of gambling, money, exploitation, risks
The god of freedom, anarchy, violence, etc
The god of dreams, sleep, ideals, thinking
The god of order, stagnation, law, etc
The god of war, honor, combat, competition, etc
Which would the people naturally gravitate towards to worship? | 2022/04/26 | [
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/229018",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/users/95829/"
] | **It would smell like chlorine**
Of the three substances, bleach is the one with the strongest and most distinctive smell, and it would easily overpower the relatively delicate smell of ethanol and the faint smell of oil.
**It would taste salty and metallic**
That's mostly your own blood, flooding your tastebuds as your delicate oral mucosa is badly burnt and damaged. Chloride ions taste salty too, but honestly, you're too busy bleeding from your orifice(s) to notice.
**It would sound like *AAAAAaaaaaAaargh***
As above. *Don't drink this stuff.*
Incidentally, I'm not even sure the mixture you have in mind would be any use for what you want. Bleach works in large part by being very reactive; lubricant by being very inert. You can use ethanol as a solvent to force them to mix despite one being very polar and the other not at all, but I suspect you'd end up with a smelly, toxic, greasy mess that does neither job particularly well. | Raspberries
===========
I mean, why not?
Aliens made it. Its actual composition probably has *nothing* to do with bleach, oil or alcohol, even though it has the same properties. It doesn't have to smell like any of those. It can have an artificial odor.
Just like we humans insist on giving our cleaning products funny odors like "cut grass", "clean laundry" or "hot chocolate", aliens may as well decide to make it smell like whatever they want, and they picked something that smells just like raspberries. |
229,018 | So, I'm working on a story where there are 7 gods, one high god and 6 low gods, and the high god dies leading the 6 others ones to squabble on who'll be in charge. Each god represents a concept and each, at the start, are worshipped equally with no religion being persecuted. Gods get stronger the more they are worshipped. This means that he who has the most worshippers wins.
So, the 6 who I've chosen are
The god of lies, deception, stories, eloquence, etc
The god of gambling, money, exploitation, risks
The god of freedom, anarchy, violence, etc
The god of dreams, sleep, ideals, thinking
The god of order, stagnation, law, etc
The god of war, honor, combat, competition, etc
Which would the people naturally gravitate towards to worship? | 2022/04/26 | [
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/229018",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/users/95829/"
] | **Like being fifteen**
And drinking Aunty's moonshine under the Spar with Ish and Zoos and Sputs. Zoos had an agreement with Aunty and she paid him with moonshine. Moonshine from batches that she couldn't sell because her distillation regimen had gone poorly, and there were too many hints of the moonshine's origins.
That is how the slime tastes now. Like tooth scum so tenacious you can't lick it off and so you have to drink it off. Like burning in the nose that made everything smell sweet, even Ish. Like a bitter soapy funk, and almost like the hot sauce Zoos used to add to cover up that funk. Like the end of childhood, drinking with your buds, talking shit under the Spar, watching the world below getting ready to swallow you up. | cleaning fluid
--------------
Fluids don't actually *clean* on their own. They help with cleaning by dissolving sticky stuff and washing away suspended particles.
That tells me the fluid is runny and constantly flowing. Not necessarily quickly, but constantly in a direction. From wherever it is generated to wherever it is disposed. It is probably reprocessed, dirt and waste is removed and handled by larger facilities.
disinfectant
------------
A disinfectant is basically something that is toxic to microbes and parasites, but not *excessively* toxic to the larger lifeforms that use the disinfectant.
Mostly that difference in toxicity is due to the fact that the larger lifeforms don't bathe in it.
Since it's magic alien tech, this tells me it *doesn't* smell that much. Smells are gasses of whatever is in the thing that smells, which in this case is toxic; you don't want it in your nostrils.
Some smell would be good though, just enough to warn you that you shouldn't drink it.
Incidentally, adding ethanol to bleach in order to make it a "disinfectant" is a bit like adding rat poison to a dirty nuke to make it "poisonous".
lubricant
---------
Pretty much any liquid works as a lubricant, as long as it coats the surfaces well. Since it already cycles around the station, all that is really needed is that anything that needs lubrication is designed to use the fluid.
Possibly it implies a high heat tolerance too.
WD-40
=====
It's essentially just a very fluid oil with the infrastructure to cycle it everywhere. Nothing very high tech at all.
The cleaning part is mostly about how you use it, disinfectant just means it's toxic and lubricant is just about getting it where it is needed.
The one high tech aspect of it is that it needs to be stable enough that the atmosphere in a room covered in the stuff should remain breathable. |
229,018 | So, I'm working on a story where there are 7 gods, one high god and 6 low gods, and the high god dies leading the 6 others ones to squabble on who'll be in charge. Each god represents a concept and each, at the start, are worshipped equally with no religion being persecuted. Gods get stronger the more they are worshipped. This means that he who has the most worshippers wins.
So, the 6 who I've chosen are
The god of lies, deception, stories, eloquence, etc
The god of gambling, money, exploitation, risks
The god of freedom, anarchy, violence, etc
The god of dreams, sleep, ideals, thinking
The god of order, stagnation, law, etc
The god of war, honor, combat, competition, etc
Which would the people naturally gravitate towards to worship? | 2022/04/26 | [
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/229018",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/users/95829/"
] | Raspberries
===========
I mean, why not?
Aliens made it. Its actual composition probably has *nothing* to do with bleach, oil or alcohol, even though it has the same properties. It doesn't have to smell like any of those. It can have an artificial odor.
Just like we humans insist on giving our cleaning products funny odors like "cut grass", "clean laundry" or "hot chocolate", aliens may as well decide to make it smell like whatever they want, and they picked something that smells just like raspberries. | cleaning fluid
--------------
Fluids don't actually *clean* on their own. They help with cleaning by dissolving sticky stuff and washing away suspended particles.
That tells me the fluid is runny and constantly flowing. Not necessarily quickly, but constantly in a direction. From wherever it is generated to wherever it is disposed. It is probably reprocessed, dirt and waste is removed and handled by larger facilities.
disinfectant
------------
A disinfectant is basically something that is toxic to microbes and parasites, but not *excessively* toxic to the larger lifeforms that use the disinfectant.
Mostly that difference in toxicity is due to the fact that the larger lifeforms don't bathe in it.
Since it's magic alien tech, this tells me it *doesn't* smell that much. Smells are gasses of whatever is in the thing that smells, which in this case is toxic; you don't want it in your nostrils.
Some smell would be good though, just enough to warn you that you shouldn't drink it.
Incidentally, adding ethanol to bleach in order to make it a "disinfectant" is a bit like adding rat poison to a dirty nuke to make it "poisonous".
lubricant
---------
Pretty much any liquid works as a lubricant, as long as it coats the surfaces well. Since it already cycles around the station, all that is really needed is that anything that needs lubrication is designed to use the fluid.
Possibly it implies a high heat tolerance too.
WD-40
=====
It's essentially just a very fluid oil with the infrastructure to cycle it everywhere. Nothing very high tech at all.
The cleaning part is mostly about how you use it, disinfectant just means it's toxic and lubricant is just about getting it where it is needed.
The one high tech aspect of it is that it needs to be stable enough that the atmosphere in a room covered in the stuff should remain breathable. |
273,218 | I was trying to simulate two serpentine resistors on COMSOL multiphysics with exactly the same length, width and thickness. I drew them on AutoCAD. The only difference between the two resistors is the number of bends. For resistor(1), number of bends is only 2, while for resistor(2), number of bends is 18.
After running simulation on AC/DC module and Electric Currents (ec) sub module, resistance values came as the following:
Resistor(1) = 13.221 ohm (2 number of bends)
Resistor(2)= 12.654 ohm (18 number of bends)
I expected that the number of bends will not affect the resistance value, but it actually does in an inverse manner (though not much, but it does)
Is anyone aware why would the number of bends affect the resistance value?
Simulation parameters:
Resistor(1):
Length:337mm; Width: 1mm; Thickness: 0.2mm; Number of bends:2
Resistor(2):
Length:337mm; Width: 1mm; Thickness: 0.2mm;Number of bends:18
Meshing:
Resolution: Extra fine.
Minimum Element Size: 0.18mm.
Maximum Element Size: 4.2mm.
Maximum Element Growth Rate: 1.35
Curvature Factor:0.3
Resolution of Narrow Regions: 0.8
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/aR5UP.png)
Effect of meshing resolution on resistance values:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/2iHrt.png) | 2016/08/08 | [
"https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/273218",
"https://physics.stackexchange.com",
"https://physics.stackexchange.com/users/40669/"
] | Your results do not surprise me. Actually, to compute the resistance, you need to solve the Laplace problem in your areas. My coauthor and I solved a similar problem in <http://arxiv.org/abs/1506.01599> . I believe the reason you have a difference is the width/length ratio is small but finite. I would predict the relative difference would be smaller for a smaller ratio. To understand the difference, you may note that the shortest distance from one end of a resistor to another (within the area of the resistor) is shorter for the resistor with more bends. Imagine for a moment that your resistors are racetracks and try to determine the shortest trajectories drivers would select to win, for example, how they would pass the bends - closer to the "inner radius". In the same way, current tends to choose a trajectory that is the shortest in some respect. | The error you see is a consequence of the effective width of the trace at the corner. Pick a corner, and draw a line from the inner corner point to the outer corner point. Observe that the line makes a 45° angle to both the entering and leaving trace. Further observe that this line is longer than the width of the trace. Specifically, it's sqrt(2)\*width, or about 1.41\*width. Since the trace in the corner is wider, the cross-sectional area is proportionally higher and the resistance proportionally lower. Changing to two 45° bends or rounded corners will reduce the effect. Carefully constructing a constant cross-section trace will eliminate the effect.
Some circuit board designers use curves instead of angled corners to reduce the impact of the varying resistance. [Here's a paper](http://www.montrosecompliance.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/corners-Japan.pdf) that discusses some corner designs, and how they affect impedance. Their finding is that there's very little difference between corner designs at high frequency, but unfortunately there's no mention of DC parameters, which definitely do change.
So in summary, though you controlled the length to be identical, you missed the area change due to the corner shape.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/K0moo.png) |
273,218 | I was trying to simulate two serpentine resistors on COMSOL multiphysics with exactly the same length, width and thickness. I drew them on AutoCAD. The only difference between the two resistors is the number of bends. For resistor(1), number of bends is only 2, while for resistor(2), number of bends is 18.
After running simulation on AC/DC module and Electric Currents (ec) sub module, resistance values came as the following:
Resistor(1) = 13.221 ohm (2 number of bends)
Resistor(2)= 12.654 ohm (18 number of bends)
I expected that the number of bends will not affect the resistance value, but it actually does in an inverse manner (though not much, but it does)
Is anyone aware why would the number of bends affect the resistance value?
Simulation parameters:
Resistor(1):
Length:337mm; Width: 1mm; Thickness: 0.2mm; Number of bends:2
Resistor(2):
Length:337mm; Width: 1mm; Thickness: 0.2mm;Number of bends:18
Meshing:
Resolution: Extra fine.
Minimum Element Size: 0.18mm.
Maximum Element Size: 4.2mm.
Maximum Element Growth Rate: 1.35
Curvature Factor:0.3
Resolution of Narrow Regions: 0.8
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/aR5UP.png)
Effect of meshing resolution on resistance values:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/2iHrt.png) | 2016/08/08 | [
"https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/273218",
"https://physics.stackexchange.com",
"https://physics.stackexchange.com/users/40669/"
] | You are measuring the length through the center, but the current will not follow that path, rather it will crowd into the corners and, on average, take a somewhat shorter path through each bend, so your total resistance will be less for the serpentine pattern with more bends. Below is a [field solver simulation](https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/20141021193200-43694073-on-corner-contribution-to-resistance) showing a current density at the inside corner that is 5x higher than the average in the straightaways.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/HHBK1.jpg)
One [rule of thumb](http://www.prenhall.com/howe3/microelectronics/pdf_folder/lectures/tth/lecture4.fm5.pdf) is that a corner square is equivalent to 0.56 squares rather than one square. Your first example has 4 corners, the second 36.
If I back-calculate the effect from the ratios in your simulation I get 0.55 as the effect of one square, which is pretty close. | Your results do not surprise me. Actually, to compute the resistance, you need to solve the Laplace problem in your areas. My coauthor and I solved a similar problem in <http://arxiv.org/abs/1506.01599> . I believe the reason you have a difference is the width/length ratio is small but finite. I would predict the relative difference would be smaller for a smaller ratio. To understand the difference, you may note that the shortest distance from one end of a resistor to another (within the area of the resistor) is shorter for the resistor with more bends. Imagine for a moment that your resistors are racetracks and try to determine the shortest trajectories drivers would select to win, for example, how they would pass the bends - closer to the "inner radius". In the same way, current tends to choose a trajectory that is the shortest in some respect. |
273,218 | I was trying to simulate two serpentine resistors on COMSOL multiphysics with exactly the same length, width and thickness. I drew them on AutoCAD. The only difference between the two resistors is the number of bends. For resistor(1), number of bends is only 2, while for resistor(2), number of bends is 18.
After running simulation on AC/DC module and Electric Currents (ec) sub module, resistance values came as the following:
Resistor(1) = 13.221 ohm (2 number of bends)
Resistor(2)= 12.654 ohm (18 number of bends)
I expected that the number of bends will not affect the resistance value, but it actually does in an inverse manner (though not much, but it does)
Is anyone aware why would the number of bends affect the resistance value?
Simulation parameters:
Resistor(1):
Length:337mm; Width: 1mm; Thickness: 0.2mm; Number of bends:2
Resistor(2):
Length:337mm; Width: 1mm; Thickness: 0.2mm;Number of bends:18
Meshing:
Resolution: Extra fine.
Minimum Element Size: 0.18mm.
Maximum Element Size: 4.2mm.
Maximum Element Growth Rate: 1.35
Curvature Factor:0.3
Resolution of Narrow Regions: 0.8
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/aR5UP.png)
Effect of meshing resolution on resistance values:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/2iHrt.png) | 2016/08/08 | [
"https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/273218",
"https://physics.stackexchange.com",
"https://physics.stackexchange.com/users/40669/"
] | You are measuring the length through the center, but the current will not follow that path, rather it will crowd into the corners and, on average, take a somewhat shorter path through each bend, so your total resistance will be less for the serpentine pattern with more bends. Below is a [field solver simulation](https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/20141021193200-43694073-on-corner-contribution-to-resistance) showing a current density at the inside corner that is 5x higher than the average in the straightaways.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/HHBK1.jpg)
One [rule of thumb](http://www.prenhall.com/howe3/microelectronics/pdf_folder/lectures/tth/lecture4.fm5.pdf) is that a corner square is equivalent to 0.56 squares rather than one square. Your first example has 4 corners, the second 36.
If I back-calculate the effect from the ratios in your simulation I get 0.55 as the effect of one square, which is pretty close. | The error you see is a consequence of the effective width of the trace at the corner. Pick a corner, and draw a line from the inner corner point to the outer corner point. Observe that the line makes a 45° angle to both the entering and leaving trace. Further observe that this line is longer than the width of the trace. Specifically, it's sqrt(2)\*width, or about 1.41\*width. Since the trace in the corner is wider, the cross-sectional area is proportionally higher and the resistance proportionally lower. Changing to two 45° bends or rounded corners will reduce the effect. Carefully constructing a constant cross-section trace will eliminate the effect.
Some circuit board designers use curves instead of angled corners to reduce the impact of the varying resistance. [Here's a paper](http://www.montrosecompliance.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/corners-Japan.pdf) that discusses some corner designs, and how they affect impedance. Their finding is that there's very little difference between corner designs at high frequency, but unfortunately there's no mention of DC parameters, which definitely do change.
So in summary, though you controlled the length to be identical, you missed the area change due to the corner shape.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/K0moo.png) |
1,221,774 | As there is JUnit test tool for Desktop java, is there some thing similiar in android so one can apply on android also? | 2009/08/03 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/1221774",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/95877/"
] | [JUnit is available inside of Android](http://developer.android.com/reference/junit/framework/package-summary.html), along with [Android-specific test case base classes](http://developer.android.com/reference/android/test/package-summary.html), to help exercise activities, services, etc. | You want to look into [robolectric](http://pivotal.github.com/robolectric/) in order to run JUnit or any unit test locally on the JVM rather then device. The android.jar only contains stubs which will throw Runtime exceptions every time you hit it. To overcome this problem, robolectric shadows the android.jar which in terms lets you run local unit test. |
156,799 | Does anyone know of a good freeware application where I can convert a full VOB file into a MPEG file. All of the applications I have found are trial versions and will only convert a part of the video.
I just need to convert one VOB, do not plan on using it long term. | 2010/06/25 | [
"https://superuser.com/questions/156799",
"https://superuser.com",
"https://superuser.com/users/2866/"
] | This one here can convert VOB files to MPEG. It's free and works on XP, Vista and Windows 7.
[Koyote Video Converter](http://koyote-free-video-converter.softonic.fr/)
>
> **Supported format by Koyote Free Video Converter:**
>
>
>
> >
> > **Import:** AVI, DIVX, MOV, MP4, FLV, 3GP, WMV, ASF, MKV, VOB, MPEG, MPG, M1V
> >
> >
> > **Export:** 3G2, 3GP, ASF, MP3, AVI, DVD, FLV, MP4 (iPod, iPhone, PSP, Zune), MPEG1, MPEG2, WMV
> >
> >
> >
>
>
> | I think that [Avidemux](http://avidemux.sourceforge.net/) can fit your needs.
Here's a recent how-to to convert your .VOB file to AVI (remember that AVI is just a container) : [Avidemux VOB to AVI](http://silverwav.wordpress.com/2010/04/19/avidemux-vob-to-avi-lightning-fast/) |
156,799 | Does anyone know of a good freeware application where I can convert a full VOB file into a MPEG file. All of the applications I have found are trial versions and will only convert a part of the video.
I just need to convert one VOB, do not plan on using it long term. | 2010/06/25 | [
"https://superuser.com/questions/156799",
"https://superuser.com",
"https://superuser.com/users/2866/"
] | This one here can convert VOB files to MPEG. It's free and works on XP, Vista and Windows 7.
[Koyote Video Converter](http://koyote-free-video-converter.softonic.fr/)
>
> **Supported format by Koyote Free Video Converter:**
>
>
>
> >
> > **Import:** AVI, DIVX, MOV, MP4, FLV, 3GP, WMV, ASF, MKV, VOB, MPEG, MPG, M1V
> >
> >
> > **Export:** 3G2, 3GP, ASF, MP3, AVI, DVD, FLV, MP4 (iPod, iPhone, PSP, Zune), MPEG1, MPEG2, WMV
> >
> >
> >
>
>
> | [VirtualDub](http://www.virtualdub.org/) used to be the de facto standard for converting video files. It still does an admirable job. |
156,799 | Does anyone know of a good freeware application where I can convert a full VOB file into a MPEG file. All of the applications I have found are trial versions and will only convert a part of the video.
I just need to convert one VOB, do not plan on using it long term. | 2010/06/25 | [
"https://superuser.com/questions/156799",
"https://superuser.com",
"https://superuser.com/users/2866/"
] | This one here can convert VOB files to MPEG. It's free and works on XP, Vista and Windows 7.
[Koyote Video Converter](http://koyote-free-video-converter.softonic.fr/)
>
> **Supported format by Koyote Free Video Converter:**
>
>
>
> >
> > **Import:** AVI, DIVX, MOV, MP4, FLV, 3GP, WMV, ASF, MKV, VOB, MPEG, MPG, M1V
> >
> >
> > **Export:** 3G2, 3GP, ASF, MP3, AVI, DVD, FLV, MP4 (iPod, iPhone, PSP, Zune), MPEG1, MPEG2, WMV
> >
> >
> >
>
>
> | Try [VOB2MPG](http://www.svcd2dvd.com/VOB2MPG/default.aspx). There is also a Pro version with additional features, but for simply converting (or rather, remultiplexing) VOBs to MPG files, the free edition is enough. |
156,799 | Does anyone know of a good freeware application where I can convert a full VOB file into a MPEG file. All of the applications I have found are trial versions and will only convert a part of the video.
I just need to convert one VOB, do not plan on using it long term. | 2010/06/25 | [
"https://superuser.com/questions/156799",
"https://superuser.com",
"https://superuser.com/users/2866/"
] | [VirtualDub](http://www.virtualdub.org/) used to be the de facto standard for converting video files. It still does an admirable job. | I think that [Avidemux](http://avidemux.sourceforge.net/) can fit your needs.
Here's a recent how-to to convert your .VOB file to AVI (remember that AVI is just a container) : [Avidemux VOB to AVI](http://silverwav.wordpress.com/2010/04/19/avidemux-vob-to-avi-lightning-fast/) |
156,799 | Does anyone know of a good freeware application where I can convert a full VOB file into a MPEG file. All of the applications I have found are trial versions and will only convert a part of the video.
I just need to convert one VOB, do not plan on using it long term. | 2010/06/25 | [
"https://superuser.com/questions/156799",
"https://superuser.com",
"https://superuser.com/users/2866/"
] | VOB files are already in mpeg format as described [on wikipedia](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VOB). You can just rename them to .mpg. You might need to set windows to "show file extensions for known file types". If you copied this file from a DVD that used some sort of encryption (most DVD's do) you will first have to decrypt the DVD using tools described on doom9.org. | I think that [Avidemux](http://avidemux.sourceforge.net/) can fit your needs.
Here's a recent how-to to convert your .VOB file to AVI (remember that AVI is just a container) : [Avidemux VOB to AVI](http://silverwav.wordpress.com/2010/04/19/avidemux-vob-to-avi-lightning-fast/) |
156,799 | Does anyone know of a good freeware application where I can convert a full VOB file into a MPEG file. All of the applications I have found are trial versions and will only convert a part of the video.
I just need to convert one VOB, do not plan on using it long term. | 2010/06/25 | [
"https://superuser.com/questions/156799",
"https://superuser.com",
"https://superuser.com/users/2866/"
] | VOB files are already in mpeg format as described [on wikipedia](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VOB). You can just rename them to .mpg. You might need to set windows to "show file extensions for known file types". If you copied this file from a DVD that used some sort of encryption (most DVD's do) you will first have to decrypt the DVD using tools described on doom9.org. | [VirtualDub](http://www.virtualdub.org/) used to be the de facto standard for converting video files. It still does an admirable job. |
156,799 | Does anyone know of a good freeware application where I can convert a full VOB file into a MPEG file. All of the applications I have found are trial versions and will only convert a part of the video.
I just need to convert one VOB, do not plan on using it long term. | 2010/06/25 | [
"https://superuser.com/questions/156799",
"https://superuser.com",
"https://superuser.com/users/2866/"
] | [VirtualDub](http://www.virtualdub.org/) used to be the de facto standard for converting video files. It still does an admirable job. | Try [VOB2MPG](http://www.svcd2dvd.com/VOB2MPG/default.aspx). There is also a Pro version with additional features, but for simply converting (or rather, remultiplexing) VOBs to MPG files, the free edition is enough. |
156,799 | Does anyone know of a good freeware application where I can convert a full VOB file into a MPEG file. All of the applications I have found are trial versions and will only convert a part of the video.
I just need to convert one VOB, do not plan on using it long term. | 2010/06/25 | [
"https://superuser.com/questions/156799",
"https://superuser.com",
"https://superuser.com/users/2866/"
] | VOB files are already in mpeg format as described [on wikipedia](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VOB). You can just rename them to .mpg. You might need to set windows to "show file extensions for known file types". If you copied this file from a DVD that used some sort of encryption (most DVD's do) you will first have to decrypt the DVD using tools described on doom9.org. | Try [VOB2MPG](http://www.svcd2dvd.com/VOB2MPG/default.aspx). There is also a Pro version with additional features, but for simply converting (or rather, remultiplexing) VOBs to MPG files, the free edition is enough. |
16,609 | Hello my server is getting hit by spiders from bingbot, google, yahoo, yandex, and some place in the UK all at the same time crashing it.
While I have no reason to think any one person did this, it strikes my odd that it happened all at the same time.
Should I be worried?
The only changes before this started was that I changed all the server passwords. | 2012/06/28 | [
"https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/16609",
"https://security.stackexchange.com",
"https://security.stackexchange.com/users/10937/"
] | This whole discussion possibly belongs over in Pro Webmasters, however; as pointed out in one of the comments is applicable here as well.
Having several search engines hit your site at once is absolutely normal behavior. If you managed to get links to your site from other reputable sites, you will get indexed. The most brutal are Yahoo, Yandex and Baidu. The first time our website bogged, I went into DDOS mode and got mostly embarrassed by finding every IP was coming from recognized Microsoft, Yahoo and Google sources (verified by IP block ownership, not UA Strings). The answer was to bolster the website resources to handle the load.
Despite what you surmize about the number of simultaneous users, your webserver must be able to handle Google, Bing and Yahoo simultaneously indexing your site plus your expected traffic. If your site cannot take the load from being indexed, you will need to either exclude or restrict the search engines. While there is this pathetic robots.txt entry that is almost supported, you will have better results by signing up with Google, Bing, Yandex webmaster tools and use their throttling pages to shape their indexing traffic to best fit your website's schedule.
Verify where the traffic is coming from by analyzing your web server access logs. Look up the IPs (http://www.botsvsbrowsers.com/ is one such tool to help identify bot traffic sources). Yandex and Baidu are respectivly Eastern Europe and China. If they're not in your venue, ban them to save your bandwidth.
**EDIT:** After looking through the access logs, do be on the lookout for sudden increases in traffic from a known search engine UA string with odd query strings. User Agent strings are not proof the traffic comes from who they say it comes from as the person sending the traffic can generate them at will and try to hide behind the UA identity. | It's crawling because of some link somewhere. You would need either to throttle bots or fix the websites so they are faster. Not sure about how to throttle the bots, you might want to check with google webmaster page or this:
<https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1328436/how-to-prevent-googlebot-from-overwhelming-site> |
16,609 | Hello my server is getting hit by spiders from bingbot, google, yahoo, yandex, and some place in the UK all at the same time crashing it.
While I have no reason to think any one person did this, it strikes my odd that it happened all at the same time.
Should I be worried?
The only changes before this started was that I changed all the server passwords. | 2012/06/28 | [
"https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/16609",
"https://security.stackexchange.com",
"https://security.stackexchange.com/users/10937/"
] | It's crawling because of some link somewhere. You would need either to throttle bots or fix the websites so they are faster. Not sure about how to throttle the bots, you might want to check with google webmaster page or this:
<https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1328436/how-to-prevent-googlebot-from-overwhelming-site> | I disagree that this is always normal behavior. I am under a similar DDOS attack form the search engines. We have ample resources and numerous redundant servers handling our site. All with DNS failover. And BOOM we got hit and knocked off the web. First I saw reports of failovers going up and down like crazy.
Thought we had a bad AJAX or un-cached query page being hit. As I looked deeper into the logs and saw every bot, pretend bot and wanta be bot from both recognized and unknows, I knew it was an initiated attack. Why? Our robot.txt only allows googlebot, all else are excluded from our server fleet.
So the robot.txt was being ignored, and we are being brought down. So if you ignore my robot.txt, my firewall will not ignore you. We firewalled (and still are) over 60 spiders so far. (all hitting at the same time, ignoring both the 360 delay and the disallow in our .txt). So I would not always think this is normal anymore. |
16,609 | Hello my server is getting hit by spiders from bingbot, google, yahoo, yandex, and some place in the UK all at the same time crashing it.
While I have no reason to think any one person did this, it strikes my odd that it happened all at the same time.
Should I be worried?
The only changes before this started was that I changed all the server passwords. | 2012/06/28 | [
"https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/16609",
"https://security.stackexchange.com",
"https://security.stackexchange.com/users/10937/"
] | This whole discussion possibly belongs over in Pro Webmasters, however; as pointed out in one of the comments is applicable here as well.
Having several search engines hit your site at once is absolutely normal behavior. If you managed to get links to your site from other reputable sites, you will get indexed. The most brutal are Yahoo, Yandex and Baidu. The first time our website bogged, I went into DDOS mode and got mostly embarrassed by finding every IP was coming from recognized Microsoft, Yahoo and Google sources (verified by IP block ownership, not UA Strings). The answer was to bolster the website resources to handle the load.
Despite what you surmize about the number of simultaneous users, your webserver must be able to handle Google, Bing and Yahoo simultaneously indexing your site plus your expected traffic. If your site cannot take the load from being indexed, you will need to either exclude or restrict the search engines. While there is this pathetic robots.txt entry that is almost supported, you will have better results by signing up with Google, Bing, Yandex webmaster tools and use their throttling pages to shape their indexing traffic to best fit your website's schedule.
Verify where the traffic is coming from by analyzing your web server access logs. Look up the IPs (http://www.botsvsbrowsers.com/ is one such tool to help identify bot traffic sources). Yandex and Baidu are respectivly Eastern Europe and China. If they're not in your venue, ban them to save your bandwidth.
**EDIT:** After looking through the access logs, do be on the lookout for sudden increases in traffic from a known search engine UA string with odd query strings. User Agent strings are not proof the traffic comes from who they say it comes from as the person sending the traffic can generate them at will and try to hide behind the UA identity. | I disagree that this is always normal behavior. I am under a similar DDOS attack form the search engines. We have ample resources and numerous redundant servers handling our site. All with DNS failover. And BOOM we got hit and knocked off the web. First I saw reports of failovers going up and down like crazy.
Thought we had a bad AJAX or un-cached query page being hit. As I looked deeper into the logs and saw every bot, pretend bot and wanta be bot from both recognized and unknows, I knew it was an initiated attack. Why? Our robot.txt only allows googlebot, all else are excluded from our server fleet.
So the robot.txt was being ignored, and we are being brought down. So if you ignore my robot.txt, my firewall will not ignore you. We firewalled (and still are) over 60 spiders so far. (all hitting at the same time, ignoring both the 360 delay and the disallow in our .txt). So I would not always think this is normal anymore. |
2,593,323 | Here is my situation:
Page1.aspx redirects to Page2.aspx which does some processing (does not display to the user) and then redirects to Page3.aspx which checks the ServerVariables["HTTP\_REFERER"] or Request.UrlReferrer.
I understand that the referring information can sometimes be blank and can't be entirely relied upon; however the ServerVariables["HTTP\_REFERER"] or Request.UrlReferrer on Page3.aspx is showing Page1.aspx instead of Page2.aspx which I would have expected.
Does the referring information only get set if the page displays to the user?
Redirecting is done using Response.Redirect in order to change the URL in the address bar of the browser. | 2010/04/07 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/2593323",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/265333/"
] | because the http redirect instructs the browser to find the page in a new place, so the browser assumes it's still dealing with the original request on page1.aspx, and hence sends that through as the referer :)
it's worth bearing in mind that the referer is just sent through from the browser and hence cannot be trusted 100% - some proxies remove it altogether for example. | I believe part of it depends on how the page is being redirected: Server.Transfer or Response.Redirect.
<http://haacked.com/archive/2004/10/06/responseredirectverseservertransfer.aspx> |
88,920 | Soldiers gain experience from killing enemies. At what experience levels do the soldiers advance to the next rank? | 2012/10/15 | [
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/questions/88920",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/users/15092/"
] | The XP chart for promotions is correct. However - you don't have to kill to earn points. For example: A Sectoid kill gives you 30pts. A successful abduction mission gives you 80pts.
Make 1 Kill, survive, accomplish mission = 110pts aka Squadie promotion.
Don't make a kill, survive 2 accomplished missions = 160pts | In order for a soldier to rank up, he/she has to kill a set number of aliens. I do not know if it has to all be on one mission, but anecdotal evidence through my playthough indicates that it is kills in total, not kills in one mission, and that which type of alien is killed doesn't matter. My Colonel (the highest rank) with the least number of kills has 24 kills across all missions. My Major (second highest rank) with the most kills has 18 across all missions. I believe that recruit to squaddie is 1 kill, and squaddie to Corporal is 3 kills. Not definite about any others. |
88,920 | Soldiers gain experience from killing enemies. At what experience levels do the soldiers advance to the next rank? | 2012/10/15 | [
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/questions/88920",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/users/15092/"
] | I had a colonel after 29 kills that just hadn't been on that many missions, she was a psi and i had a large dry spell of psi soldiers. My primary goal in every mission for my team was to get her as many kills as possible as quickly as possible. I have also had colonels early game with much fewer kills (high teens i think is my lowest...mebe 19...not verified) simply because they were along for the ride as my overwatched squadsight sniper got 1/3+ of all kills. I have definitely had soldiers level up from mission completes without getting a kill. | In order for a soldier to rank up, he/she has to kill a set number of aliens. I do not know if it has to all be on one mission, but anecdotal evidence through my playthough indicates that it is kills in total, not kills in one mission, and that which type of alien is killed doesn't matter. My Colonel (the highest rank) with the least number of kills has 24 kills across all missions. My Major (second highest rank) with the most kills has 18 across all missions. I believe that recruit to squaddie is 1 kill, and squaddie to Corporal is 3 kills. Not definite about any others. |
88,920 | Soldiers gain experience from killing enemies. At what experience levels do the soldiers advance to the next rank? | 2012/10/15 | [
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/questions/88920",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/users/15092/"
] | The XP chart for promotions is correct. However - you don't have to kill to earn points. For example: A Sectoid kill gives you 30pts. A successful abduction mission gives you 80pts.
Make 1 Kill, survive, accomplish mission = 110pts aka Squadie promotion.
Don't make a kill, survive 2 accomplished missions = 160pts | I had a colonel after 29 kills that just hadn't been on that many missions, she was a psi and i had a large dry spell of psi soldiers. My primary goal in every mission for my team was to get her as many kills as possible as quickly as possible. I have also had colonels early game with much fewer kills (high teens i think is my lowest...mebe 19...not verified) simply because they were along for the ride as my overwatched squadsight sniper got 1/3+ of all kills. I have definitely had soldiers level up from mission completes without getting a kill. |
41,360 | I am developing a point of sale bitcoin app, which should accept "fast" transactions (~30 sec for merchant to accept). I researched double spending questions here already, but it is still unclear to me, what happens within the time frame before a transaction is actually included into a block.
Considering the case of a double spend attempt, where an attacker needs to pay to a merchant. The attacker creates and propagates a respective transaction A into the the bitcoin network. Transaction A is added to the main memory of mining nodes and is "waiting" for inclusion into one of the next blocks. The merchant is informed of the propagation of transaction A by the nodes he is connected to. Before transaction A is actually included in a block, the attacker creates and propagates another transaction B, which has the same inputs as A (double spend).
* What happens if a miner (which has transaction A in his main memory) gets the conflicting transaction B?
* Can a merchant be sure, that transaction A will be confirmed, if it is propagated successfully to let's say all or most miners?
* Would a miner throw away transaction A and include B, if B has higher transaction fees, a smaller size in bytes, or of other attribute? | 2015/11/13 | [
"https://bitcoin.stackexchange.com/questions/41360",
"https://bitcoin.stackexchange.com",
"https://bitcoin.stackexchange.com/users/27733/"
] | The bottom line is that there is no way for you to safely accept zero confirmation transactions.
>
> What happens if a miner (which has transaction A in his main memory) gets the conflicting transaction B?
>
>
>
Depends on what software the miner is running and how they have configured it.
* Some nodes will reject it.
* Some nodes will accept it.
* Some nodes will accept it conditionally.
There's no knowing what people are running on mining nodes or what rules they have.
>
> Would a miner throw away transaction A and include B, if B has higher transaction fees, a smaller size in bytes, or of other attribute?
>
>
>
Ditto.
>
> Can a merchant be sure, that transaction A will be confirmed, if it is propagated successfully to let's say all or most miners?
>
>
>
Absolutely not.
An alternative can be mined at any time, invalidating the original. This attack has been used in the real world to defraud websites of their Bitcoin payments to the tune of millions of dollars. Successful double spends can even happen once the transaction has been included in a block, which is why a large number of confirmations is suggested for people accepting Bitcoin as payment for services. | Relying on an unconfirmed transaction is much riskier than relying on 1-confirmed transaction. And in turn, relying on a 1-confirmed transaction is risker than relying on a 2-confirmed transaction.
This will always be a choice best made on empirical data. One of the more disappointing ideas is that, because 0-conf is less safe, all use of it should be eradicated. |
6,430,801 | I am having a ViewSonic Tablet Intel Atom processor running with Android OS. I have created a helloWorld App using Android SDk, I am able to run on my tablet but when I tried my actual app with have JNI interface too, the application installation failed with an error message "Application not Installed".
Can some one guide me how I can install (or compile) my application (including JNI layer) so that It can run on my Android Tablet.
Do I need to compile my JNI libs using [android-x86 NDK](http://www.android-x86.org/) or normal NDK is fine?
-Regards, | 2011/06/21 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/6430801",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/809118/"
] | x86 is not supported in the current release of the NDK
>
> The latest release of the NDK supports
> these ARM instruction sets:
>
>
> * ARMv5TE (including Thumb-1
> instructions)
> * ARMv7-A (including
> Thumb-2 and VFPv3-D16 instructions,
> with optional support for
> NEON/VFPv3-D32 instructions)
>
>
> Future releases of the NDK will also support:
>
>
> * x86 instructions (see
> CPU-ARCH-ABIS.HTML for more
> information)
>
>
>
[Source: Google NDK Documentation](http://developer.android.com/sdk/ndk/overview.html) | Check again... Latest version of Android NDK (r6b or later) supports x86.
<http://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/ndk-for-ia/#building-ndk-applications>
http://developer.android.com/sdk/ndk/overview.html |
6,430,801 | I am having a ViewSonic Tablet Intel Atom processor running with Android OS. I have created a helloWorld App using Android SDk, I am able to run on my tablet but when I tried my actual app with have JNI interface too, the application installation failed with an error message "Application not Installed".
Can some one guide me how I can install (or compile) my application (including JNI layer) so that It can run on my Android Tablet.
Do I need to compile my JNI libs using [android-x86 NDK](http://www.android-x86.org/) or normal NDK is fine?
-Regards, | 2011/06/21 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/6430801",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/809118/"
] | x86 is not supported in the current release of the NDK
>
> The latest release of the NDK supports
> these ARM instruction sets:
>
>
> * ARMv5TE (including Thumb-1
> instructions)
> * ARMv7-A (including
> Thumb-2 and VFPv3-D16 instructions,
> with optional support for
> NEON/VFPv3-D32 instructions)
>
>
> Future releases of the NDK will also support:
>
>
> * x86 instructions (see
> CPU-ARCH-ABIS.HTML for more
> information)
>
>
>
[Source: Google NDK Documentation](http://developer.android.com/sdk/ndk/overview.html) | To build the native library for x86, you must append x86 in the APP\_ABI variable
File: **./jni/Application.mk**
**APP\_ABI** := armeabi armeabi-v7a **x86**
APP\_PLATFORM := android-8
Or just set "all", to build for all platforms supported by the NDK (armeabi armeabi-v7a mips x86)
**APP\_ABI** := **all**
APP\_PLATFORM := android-8
In my case I use android-ndk-r9b |
4,051 | Why is marijuana sacred among some Hindus such as [Naga Sadhu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dashanami_Sampradaya#Naga_Sadhus)?
Shiva plays a role in this but does marijuana aid in obtaining moksha or does it have any spiritual benefits? | 2014/12/20 | [
"https://hinduism.stackexchange.com/questions/4051",
"https://hinduism.stackexchange.com",
"https://hinduism.stackexchange.com/users/334/"
] | Marijuana or any other drug is not considered sacred by Hindus. There might be some exceptions where people justify it. The usual argument these people give in favour of drugs is a misleading argument that *Shiva* consumed *Bhaang*. Hence, it is okay for them to do so too. This argument has no base in it:
>
> Q. Gurudev, we sing devotional songs in praise of Lord Shiva and Lord
> Krishna. But back home, the people there consume Bhaang (a type of
> Indian narcotic incorrectly thought to please Lord Shiva) while they
> sing praises of Lord Shiva. How should one understand all this?
>
>
> Sri Sri Ravi Shankar: See, if *Lord Shiva* consumed *Bhaang*, then he
> also consumed the poison that came from churning the cosmic ocean. So
> should we also drink poison first, and then see if we stay alive to
> drink *Bhaang*? Do not misunderstand all these things.
> *Lord Shiva* never consumed *Bhaang*. The essential point to understand is that the *Shiva Tattva* (the most fundamental
> all-pervading element in creation) resides in each and every one. An
> intoxicant like *Bhaang* too cannot do anything to *Lord Shiva*’s
> bliss, because he is above and beyond all such trivial influences. But
> chanting his name can have a positive influence on us and elevate us.
>
>
>
Excerpts from a Q&A: <http://celebrating-silence-of-life.blogspot.in/2015/08/why-good-people-suffer.html> | Patanjali's Yoga Aphorisms (IV. 1.) says: "The Siddhis (powers) are attained by birth, chemical means, power of words, mortification, or concentration."
Ganja (and some other drugs) can open up - temporarily - some chakras in some people. But when you do, it is only temporary and results in a fall just as dramatic. The best way to open these chakras and control it is through meditation and concentration - not through drugs.
When opened temporarily, a person can sometimes access certain powers temporarily. Accessing these Siddhis, however, is a diversion from Self-Realization and can easily put you back farther.
Nagas will smoke it for several reasons, one for the reason above, another as it can put off the feeling of hunger when you are starving, and third, they are just not that sincere as sadhus and enjoy being drugged. |
4,051 | Why is marijuana sacred among some Hindus such as [Naga Sadhu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dashanami_Sampradaya#Naga_Sadhus)?
Shiva plays a role in this but does marijuana aid in obtaining moksha or does it have any spiritual benefits? | 2014/12/20 | [
"https://hinduism.stackexchange.com/questions/4051",
"https://hinduism.stackexchange.com",
"https://hinduism.stackexchange.com/users/334/"
] | Before I answer this question I must make it absolutely clear that there are no references to lord Shiva smoking weed in any Hindu scriptures and even though I once came across a particular version of Shiv Puran which claimed lord Shiva consumed cannabis (the text was from an unknown publication) but even that unauthentic copy said lord Shiva once ate the leaves by chewing there's no mention of lord Shiva smoking weed. However I must also state that Marijuana does hold an important position in scriptures.
I) MARIJUANA IN SCRIPTURES:
The Atharva Veda is the scripture to first mention the Marijuana plant and slightly describe its benefits. The Atharva Veda Book 11 Hymn 6 verse 15 which states that Marijuana is one of the five best sources of Soma. However, one thing must be made cleared before we progress further into the article is that Soma does not mean alcohol contrary to popular propaganda but rather means the essence and source of medicine that causes bliss, purifies and enlightenment and often as the very source of enlightenment as per multiple veidic scriptures to quote a few are the Rig Veda Book 1 Hymn 91 verse 22; Book 9 Hymn 24 verse 7, Hymn 37 verse 36 and Hymn 108 verse 3. Now having understood what's Soma and what's its link with Marijuana, one thing is cleared that Marijuana can used as an enhancer by spiritual people and warriors. The Sanskrit term used for Marijuana is Bhanga which comes from the root word Bhajyate which means to cause a break. Marijuana is called so because it causes a break between stress and our spiritual self as will be clear from the next points.
II) USES OF MARIJUANA IN SANATAN CULTURE:
Marijuana has a long history of use in Ayurveda and is classified as a Upavisha which means its semi-toxic and must be used only after proper refinement. The Bhavaprakasha which is a book on Ayurveda mentions the various names used to refer Marijuana and the benifits of it in verse 205 stating that Marijuana is known by the names like Ganja, Vijaya, Jaya and Matulani (not to be confused with the Sanskrit word for aunt, the word here means hemp) and describes its medical properties such as increasing libido, sense of taste, hunger, sleep, digestion, thinking and speaking capacity and also reducing excessive mucus secretion however the fact that it can cause intoxication is also mentioned. This makes it an excellent remedy for multiple diseases and disorders and it has indeed been used in multiple Ayurvedic medicines to cure various diseases and as stated in the earlier point, Soma is a master medicine that can cure most of diseases either alone or when mixed with other substances.
III) MARIJUANA CONSUMPTION:
As stated earlier, Marijuana is a source of Soma medicine and hence it necessarily must be purified and consumed according to the process laid down by the scriptures. Though, there are various works of Ayurveda that deals with the subject, all of them have taken the Vedas as their primary sources and simply stated it in simpler language in their work. Since I always try to cite primary sources provided they are available, in this case also I would do the same. The Satapatha Bramhan Khanda 1 Section 6 Bramhana 4 verses and Rig Veda Book 9 Hymns 1-9 states the process of preparation, purification and use of Soma stating that the herbs used must be collected at night, tied in a cloth and first held under flowing water then boiled in water, then the juice passed through seives and finally when the juice is golden in color, the juice must be boiled by mixing with pure milk obtained from cows and then consumed in the form of liquid. One thing must also be noted that all the various medicines in which Marijuana is used, this same process of filtration with the only exception being the juice is mixed with other compounds first and often available in various forms such as tablets and also as liquid, however all Ayurveda experts prescrib even those preparations to be consumed using boiled milk. Another important thing to note is that throughout the Vedas, the food and water which is good for the various cattle has also been described stating the herbs, trees and other food of cattle that grows in pure environment without any pollution and is fresh when consumed by the cattle is extremely necessary, some references to this being the Rig Veda Book 5 Hymn 83 verse 8 and the Rig Veda Book 6 Hymn 28 verses 7-8 which emphasize on special treatment and care taken to ensure that the food consumed by cattle and especially cow is pure and healthy.
IV) CONCLUSION:
Marijuana is not a taboo as considered in the present era, however, despite being a very important medical plant and extremely significant in Sanatan Dharma, there is a specific way to harvest and consume it which can not be violated. Also, as stated earlier, all the Ayurvedic scriptures which deals with Marijuana states it to be a semi-toxic substance and even an intoxicant which clearly implies that if it is consumed using any wrong methods, it will cause more harm than good. What defines an intoxicant as per Ayurveda which is the subject we are dealing with here is the Sharngadhar Chapter 4 verse 21 and the Charaka Samhita Chapter 24 verse 40 which states that the substance which destroys intellect is an intoxicant and that being said its clear that one who aims to use Marijuana as an enhancer would not want to get intoxicated on it. Hence we should refrain from using it unless we do so in the right way and under the right circumstances.
JAI VEERBHADRA
JAI SHANKARACHARYA | Patanjali's Yoga Aphorisms (IV. 1.) says: "The Siddhis (powers) are attained by birth, chemical means, power of words, mortification, or concentration."
Ganja (and some other drugs) can open up - temporarily - some chakras in some people. But when you do, it is only temporary and results in a fall just as dramatic. The best way to open these chakras and control it is through meditation and concentration - not through drugs.
When opened temporarily, a person can sometimes access certain powers temporarily. Accessing these Siddhis, however, is a diversion from Self-Realization and can easily put you back farther.
Nagas will smoke it for several reasons, one for the reason above, another as it can put off the feeling of hunger when you are starving, and third, they are just not that sincere as sadhus and enjoy being drugged. |
4,051 | Why is marijuana sacred among some Hindus such as [Naga Sadhu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dashanami_Sampradaya#Naga_Sadhus)?
Shiva plays a role in this but does marijuana aid in obtaining moksha or does it have any spiritual benefits? | 2014/12/20 | [
"https://hinduism.stackexchange.com/questions/4051",
"https://hinduism.stackexchange.com",
"https://hinduism.stackexchange.com/users/334/"
] | Patanjali's Yoga Aphorisms (IV. 1.) says: "The Siddhis (powers) are attained by birth, chemical means, power of words, mortification, or concentration."
Ganja (and some other drugs) can open up - temporarily - some chakras in some people. But when you do, it is only temporary and results in a fall just as dramatic. The best way to open these chakras and control it is through meditation and concentration - not through drugs.
When opened temporarily, a person can sometimes access certain powers temporarily. Accessing these Siddhis, however, is a diversion from Self-Realization and can easily put you back farther.
Nagas will smoke it for several reasons, one for the reason above, another as it can put off the feeling of hunger when you are starving, and third, they are just not that sincere as sadhus and enjoy being drugged. | Yes. Marijuana is mentioned in the Vedas:
>
> पञ्च राज्यानि वीरुधां सोमश्रेष्ठानि ब्रूमः। दर्भो **भङ्गो** यवः सह ते नो मुञ्चन्त्व् अंहसः॥ (Atharva Veda 11.8.15)
>
>
>
Hindi meaning
>
> “Patra, kand, phalphul aur mulatmak panch rajyoun se yukta aushdhiyon main Somlata sarvasherstha hai. Darbha, **Bhang**, Jau aur Dhan ye sabhi humse stut hokar **hamare dushkarmo ko katne main samarth hon.**”
>
>
>
It means marijuana will destroy our bad karma |
4,051 | Why is marijuana sacred among some Hindus such as [Naga Sadhu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dashanami_Sampradaya#Naga_Sadhus)?
Shiva plays a role in this but does marijuana aid in obtaining moksha or does it have any spiritual benefits? | 2014/12/20 | [
"https://hinduism.stackexchange.com/questions/4051",
"https://hinduism.stackexchange.com",
"https://hinduism.stackexchange.com/users/334/"
] | Marijuana or any other drug is not considered sacred by Hindus. There might be some exceptions where people justify it. The usual argument these people give in favour of drugs is a misleading argument that *Shiva* consumed *Bhaang*. Hence, it is okay for them to do so too. This argument has no base in it:
>
> Q. Gurudev, we sing devotional songs in praise of Lord Shiva and Lord
> Krishna. But back home, the people there consume Bhaang (a type of
> Indian narcotic incorrectly thought to please Lord Shiva) while they
> sing praises of Lord Shiva. How should one understand all this?
>
>
> Sri Sri Ravi Shankar: See, if *Lord Shiva* consumed *Bhaang*, then he
> also consumed the poison that came from churning the cosmic ocean. So
> should we also drink poison first, and then see if we stay alive to
> drink *Bhaang*? Do not misunderstand all these things.
> *Lord Shiva* never consumed *Bhaang*. The essential point to understand is that the *Shiva Tattva* (the most fundamental
> all-pervading element in creation) resides in each and every one. An
> intoxicant like *Bhaang* too cannot do anything to *Lord Shiva*’s
> bliss, because he is above and beyond all such trivial influences. But
> chanting his name can have a positive influence on us and elevate us.
>
>
>
Excerpts from a Q&A: <http://celebrating-silence-of-life.blogspot.in/2015/08/why-good-people-suffer.html> | Yes. Marijuana is mentioned in the Vedas:
>
> पञ्च राज्यानि वीरुधां सोमश्रेष्ठानि ब्रूमः। दर्भो **भङ्गो** यवः सह ते नो मुञ्चन्त्व् अंहसः॥ (Atharva Veda 11.8.15)
>
>
>
Hindi meaning
>
> “Patra, kand, phalphul aur mulatmak panch rajyoun se yukta aushdhiyon main Somlata sarvasherstha hai. Darbha, **Bhang**, Jau aur Dhan ye sabhi humse stut hokar **hamare dushkarmo ko katne main samarth hon.**”
>
>
>
It means marijuana will destroy our bad karma |
4,051 | Why is marijuana sacred among some Hindus such as [Naga Sadhu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dashanami_Sampradaya#Naga_Sadhus)?
Shiva plays a role in this but does marijuana aid in obtaining moksha or does it have any spiritual benefits? | 2014/12/20 | [
"https://hinduism.stackexchange.com/questions/4051",
"https://hinduism.stackexchange.com",
"https://hinduism.stackexchange.com/users/334/"
] | Before I answer this question I must make it absolutely clear that there are no references to lord Shiva smoking weed in any Hindu scriptures and even though I once came across a particular version of Shiv Puran which claimed lord Shiva consumed cannabis (the text was from an unknown publication) but even that unauthentic copy said lord Shiva once ate the leaves by chewing there's no mention of lord Shiva smoking weed. However I must also state that Marijuana does hold an important position in scriptures.
I) MARIJUANA IN SCRIPTURES:
The Atharva Veda is the scripture to first mention the Marijuana plant and slightly describe its benefits. The Atharva Veda Book 11 Hymn 6 verse 15 which states that Marijuana is one of the five best sources of Soma. However, one thing must be made cleared before we progress further into the article is that Soma does not mean alcohol contrary to popular propaganda but rather means the essence and source of medicine that causes bliss, purifies and enlightenment and often as the very source of enlightenment as per multiple veidic scriptures to quote a few are the Rig Veda Book 1 Hymn 91 verse 22; Book 9 Hymn 24 verse 7, Hymn 37 verse 36 and Hymn 108 verse 3. Now having understood what's Soma and what's its link with Marijuana, one thing is cleared that Marijuana can used as an enhancer by spiritual people and warriors. The Sanskrit term used for Marijuana is Bhanga which comes from the root word Bhajyate which means to cause a break. Marijuana is called so because it causes a break between stress and our spiritual self as will be clear from the next points.
II) USES OF MARIJUANA IN SANATAN CULTURE:
Marijuana has a long history of use in Ayurveda and is classified as a Upavisha which means its semi-toxic and must be used only after proper refinement. The Bhavaprakasha which is a book on Ayurveda mentions the various names used to refer Marijuana and the benifits of it in verse 205 stating that Marijuana is known by the names like Ganja, Vijaya, Jaya and Matulani (not to be confused with the Sanskrit word for aunt, the word here means hemp) and describes its medical properties such as increasing libido, sense of taste, hunger, sleep, digestion, thinking and speaking capacity and also reducing excessive mucus secretion however the fact that it can cause intoxication is also mentioned. This makes it an excellent remedy for multiple diseases and disorders and it has indeed been used in multiple Ayurvedic medicines to cure various diseases and as stated in the earlier point, Soma is a master medicine that can cure most of diseases either alone or when mixed with other substances.
III) MARIJUANA CONSUMPTION:
As stated earlier, Marijuana is a source of Soma medicine and hence it necessarily must be purified and consumed according to the process laid down by the scriptures. Though, there are various works of Ayurveda that deals with the subject, all of them have taken the Vedas as their primary sources and simply stated it in simpler language in their work. Since I always try to cite primary sources provided they are available, in this case also I would do the same. The Satapatha Bramhan Khanda 1 Section 6 Bramhana 4 verses and Rig Veda Book 9 Hymns 1-9 states the process of preparation, purification and use of Soma stating that the herbs used must be collected at night, tied in a cloth and first held under flowing water then boiled in water, then the juice passed through seives and finally when the juice is golden in color, the juice must be boiled by mixing with pure milk obtained from cows and then consumed in the form of liquid. One thing must also be noted that all the various medicines in which Marijuana is used, this same process of filtration with the only exception being the juice is mixed with other compounds first and often available in various forms such as tablets and also as liquid, however all Ayurveda experts prescrib even those preparations to be consumed using boiled milk. Another important thing to note is that throughout the Vedas, the food and water which is good for the various cattle has also been described stating the herbs, trees and other food of cattle that grows in pure environment without any pollution and is fresh when consumed by the cattle is extremely necessary, some references to this being the Rig Veda Book 5 Hymn 83 verse 8 and the Rig Veda Book 6 Hymn 28 verses 7-8 which emphasize on special treatment and care taken to ensure that the food consumed by cattle and especially cow is pure and healthy.
IV) CONCLUSION:
Marijuana is not a taboo as considered in the present era, however, despite being a very important medical plant and extremely significant in Sanatan Dharma, there is a specific way to harvest and consume it which can not be violated. Also, as stated earlier, all the Ayurvedic scriptures which deals with Marijuana states it to be a semi-toxic substance and even an intoxicant which clearly implies that if it is consumed using any wrong methods, it will cause more harm than good. What defines an intoxicant as per Ayurveda which is the subject we are dealing with here is the Sharngadhar Chapter 4 verse 21 and the Charaka Samhita Chapter 24 verse 40 which states that the substance which destroys intellect is an intoxicant and that being said its clear that one who aims to use Marijuana as an enhancer would not want to get intoxicated on it. Hence we should refrain from using it unless we do so in the right way and under the right circumstances.
JAI VEERBHADRA
JAI SHANKARACHARYA | Yes. Marijuana is mentioned in the Vedas:
>
> पञ्च राज्यानि वीरुधां सोमश्रेष्ठानि ब्रूमः। दर्भो **भङ्गो** यवः सह ते नो मुञ्चन्त्व् अंहसः॥ (Atharva Veda 11.8.15)
>
>
>
Hindi meaning
>
> “Patra, kand, phalphul aur mulatmak panch rajyoun se yukta aushdhiyon main Somlata sarvasherstha hai. Darbha, **Bhang**, Jau aur Dhan ye sabhi humse stut hokar **hamare dushkarmo ko katne main samarth hon.**”
>
>
>
It means marijuana will destroy our bad karma |
32,719 | I am looking for a good microphone to record a piano. This is whole new field to me. I looked in the Internet and I found a few places stating about what I shouldn't buy, like, dynamic range microphones.
What characteristics should I look for when picking a microphone (or set) to record a piano?
Would recording directly from a digital piano give me a better quality (although with less dynamics possibilities)? | 2015/05/29 | [
"https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/32719",
"https://music.stackexchange.com",
"https://music.stackexchange.com/users/10972/"
] | Rather sadly, you'll probably get better results from a good digital piano than from microphones on a real one. Unless it's a really nice piano in a really good-sounding room. You'll have noticed I didn't say "and really good microphones". They matter, but not as much as you might imagine.
If you're after "classical" solo piano sound, record stereo. But remember, an audience normally sees a piano on a concert stage sideways on, from quite a distance. In this case "stereo" will be about placing the instrument in a reverberant space, not about "low notes to the left, high notes to the right". This is a mistake made by the sound sets of many digital pianos.
But you will probably not get the results you want from hiring a concert hall and putting a stereo pair in the best seat! You'll fake the stereo ambience from some combination of close and medium-distance micing, and artificial reverb.
I'll get shot down for this, but I've made some very pleasing acoustic piano recordings with a pair of Shure SM57 dynamic mics. And you may be in a position to try this, with no immediate expense! Do you live in a world of modern performing musicians? Grab a couple of SM58 mics, take the balls off - they become essentially SM57s. (Don't drop them though!).
If you have no gear at all, there's another approach. Buy a Zoom H4n or similar, put it on a stand in front of the piano. You'll be surprised how close the result is to a recording made through much more expensive gear. And even if you progress to more sophticated equipment, a good portable recorder is always useful. | Unless you really want to become a sound guy, just get a Zoom device.
They're about the only simple way to record an acoustic piano.
Like <http://www.sweetwater.com/c733--Zoom--Recorders>
Seriously, there is just too much physics to figure out. |
32,719 | I am looking for a good microphone to record a piano. This is whole new field to me. I looked in the Internet and I found a few places stating about what I shouldn't buy, like, dynamic range microphones.
What characteristics should I look for when picking a microphone (or set) to record a piano?
Would recording directly from a digital piano give me a better quality (although with less dynamics possibilities)? | 2015/05/29 | [
"https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/32719",
"https://music.stackexchange.com",
"https://music.stackexchange.com/users/10972/"
] | Rather sadly, you'll probably get better results from a good digital piano than from microphones on a real one. Unless it's a really nice piano in a really good-sounding room. You'll have noticed I didn't say "and really good microphones". They matter, but not as much as you might imagine.
If you're after "classical" solo piano sound, record stereo. But remember, an audience normally sees a piano on a concert stage sideways on, from quite a distance. In this case "stereo" will be about placing the instrument in a reverberant space, not about "low notes to the left, high notes to the right". This is a mistake made by the sound sets of many digital pianos.
But you will probably not get the results you want from hiring a concert hall and putting a stereo pair in the best seat! You'll fake the stereo ambience from some combination of close and medium-distance micing, and artificial reverb.
I'll get shot down for this, but I've made some very pleasing acoustic piano recordings with a pair of Shure SM57 dynamic mics. And you may be in a position to try this, with no immediate expense! Do you live in a world of modern performing musicians? Grab a couple of SM58 mics, take the balls off - they become essentially SM57s. (Don't drop them though!).
If you have no gear at all, there's another approach. Buy a Zoom H4n or similar, put it on a stand in front of the piano. You'll be surprised how close the result is to a recording made through much more expensive gear. And even if you progress to more sophticated equipment, a good portable recorder is always useful. | The recording pattern and style of microphone are valid points, as mentioned above, and will help you to work out how you are going to mic up the piano. In this day and age you need to work out what you are recording into. Most microphones have an XLR output and unless you have some sort of [interface](http://www.soundonsound.com/sound-advice/choosing-audio-interface) then this can be very tough. If you are recording into a mixer, this will likely take your xlr input and you can then direct the signal from there. A lot of the time these days people are opting for [USB technology for their mics](http://subreel.com/best-usb-microphones/). Some audiophiles baulk at the idea of using USB, but the tech has come a long way. |
32,719 | I am looking for a good microphone to record a piano. This is whole new field to me. I looked in the Internet and I found a few places stating about what I shouldn't buy, like, dynamic range microphones.
What characteristics should I look for when picking a microphone (or set) to record a piano?
Would recording directly from a digital piano give me a better quality (although with less dynamics possibilities)? | 2015/05/29 | [
"https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/32719",
"https://music.stackexchange.com",
"https://music.stackexchange.com/users/10972/"
] | Rather sadly, you'll probably get better results from a good digital piano than from microphones on a real one. Unless it's a really nice piano in a really good-sounding room. You'll have noticed I didn't say "and really good microphones". They matter, but not as much as you might imagine.
If you're after "classical" solo piano sound, record stereo. But remember, an audience normally sees a piano on a concert stage sideways on, from quite a distance. In this case "stereo" will be about placing the instrument in a reverberant space, not about "low notes to the left, high notes to the right". This is a mistake made by the sound sets of many digital pianos.
But you will probably not get the results you want from hiring a concert hall and putting a stereo pair in the best seat! You'll fake the stereo ambience from some combination of close and medium-distance micing, and artificial reverb.
I'll get shot down for this, but I've made some very pleasing acoustic piano recordings with a pair of Shure SM57 dynamic mics. And you may be in a position to try this, with no immediate expense! Do you live in a world of modern performing musicians? Grab a couple of SM58 mics, take the balls off - they become essentially SM57s. (Don't drop them though!).
If you have no gear at all, there's another approach. Buy a Zoom H4n or similar, put it on a stand in front of the piano. You'll be surprised how close the result is to a recording made through much more expensive gear. And even if you progress to more sophticated equipment, a good portable recorder is always useful. | I'd go for good omnidirectional small diaphragm condensor mics without excessive brightness in close proximity to the piano (which means that the effect of the polar characteristic capturing more of the room will be at best mildly relevant). The size of the piano means that cardiod microphones would have to be placed at considerably more of a distance in order to get a balanced sound quality without proximity effects and off-axis coloring (off-axis coloring becomes a mostly moot issue even with cardioids once you spring a few thousand dollars/euros for your mics but not everybody has that sort of small change).
Personally, I consider Oktavas a reasonable deal in that problem space. The somewhat more expensive equivalents from Røde I haven't tried (S55 I think?), but the frequency responses I see on paper are more brilliant than I care for for my use case of accordion, admittedly an instrument that is quite less appreciative of additional brilliancy than most pianos are. |
5,227 | How should a GM role-play a torture scene for a PC?
In one of my games, one of my PCs will be captured by the enemy who wishes to get information from him, using... less than ethical methods.
Leaving whether or not the information is divulged to a dice throw seems a waste, but on the other hand, it's hard to force a player to give up info if he doesn't want to.
I'm playing an L5R campaign, with the L5R system. | 2010/12/14 | [
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/questions/5227",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/users/1140/"
] | How I'd do it- less simulation, not too much detail.. but enough that it makes sense in context. The point is, make the scene serve the game.
For example, I might say as the GM "You get captured..imprisoned for a while, and then one day they torture you. Terrible things happen.. you are permanently scarred (both mentally and physically) by the twisted and painful things that happen to you. However.. what happens is up to you. They keep asking you about (*whatever issue*).. What do you end up telling them?"
Which isn't too graphic, really. And it lets the player decide ultimately what the outcome is. Does he try and bluff? endure? you know.. and also it gives him a hook to roleplay off of (he can decide he hates the race/cause/nation of his torturers, he can decide that he can never allow torture to be used on anyone else.. or maybe he becomes a torturer himself, ala Said in Lost, etc..He develops a phobia of knives.. he loses an ear or an eye or something. The point is- it's all a hook).
I don't advise going into detail; that's just juvenile, usually. Even if you have the best intentions.
Hit points are a non-issue, really, although skill checks might make sense. Also talk to the player beforehand about how cool it might be if some info slipped out. Getting a player to pick a losing option on purpose isn't as hard as it seems if you can convince them it makes for a more interesting situation or will in the future. | I suggest the following: make it a part of the narrative. Make the character get hurt. Inflict some damage on him, use insanity rules if your game has them. Get into the character's psyche. Tell the player that if he doesn't comply, he'll get hurt. A lot. |
5,227 | How should a GM role-play a torture scene for a PC?
In one of my games, one of my PCs will be captured by the enemy who wishes to get information from him, using... less than ethical methods.
Leaving whether or not the information is divulged to a dice throw seems a waste, but on the other hand, it's hard to force a player to give up info if he doesn't want to.
I'm playing an L5R campaign, with the L5R system. | 2010/12/14 | [
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/questions/5227",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/users/1140/"
] | **Rationale should influence approach**
I guess this all depends on the narrative purpose of the torture scene. Does it *need* to be played through? If not, go with some of the other suggestions here. Say 'you were tortured and move on.' It's good advice.
If you feel that there is some important reason that you play through the scene proceed with caution. I've run torture scenes in the past but have always 'faded to black' before the actual torture takes place. Showing some nasty/out of left filed torture devices and having the villains talk of what they're going to do is enough. It seeds enough enmity and provides for roleplaying opportunities.
**Player Agency**
The tricky question of player agency is important too. In my experience, players don't like having their characters knocked out, tied up, gagged, etc. It takes them out of the scene and can make them feel frustrated. It's a tricky task, but if possible I'd play to their character's strengths while letting the scene play out. Regnar the barbarian won't break. Loki the thief sows disinformation. Find ways to let them play their characters being tough, smart, cunning so that they don't simply feel as though they're being railroaded or restricted. | Torture can mean many things is the pc attached to anything? Anyone? His reputation? He could hire a shape-shifter to kill the king making for some great role playing any thats torture. Also same could be said boy if I was a honorable person and someone took my form and tortured people i would give up my rights and serve the crime if the real reason could not be shown, for not protecting them better and allowing it to happen. All kinds of ways to accomplish this other than saying they pull a tooth out. |
5,227 | How should a GM role-play a torture scene for a PC?
In one of my games, one of my PCs will be captured by the enemy who wishes to get information from him, using... less than ethical methods.
Leaving whether or not the information is divulged to a dice throw seems a waste, but on the other hand, it's hard to force a player to give up info if he doesn't want to.
I'm playing an L5R campaign, with the L5R system. | 2010/12/14 | [
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/questions/5227",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/users/1140/"
] | How I'd do it- less simulation, not too much detail.. but enough that it makes sense in context. The point is, make the scene serve the game.
For example, I might say as the GM "You get captured..imprisoned for a while, and then one day they torture you. Terrible things happen.. you are permanently scarred (both mentally and physically) by the twisted and painful things that happen to you. However.. what happens is up to you. They keep asking you about (*whatever issue*).. What do you end up telling them?"
Which isn't too graphic, really. And it lets the player decide ultimately what the outcome is. Does he try and bluff? endure? you know.. and also it gives him a hook to roleplay off of (he can decide he hates the race/cause/nation of his torturers, he can decide that he can never allow torture to be used on anyone else.. or maybe he becomes a torturer himself, ala Said in Lost, etc..He develops a phobia of knives.. he loses an ear or an eye or something. The point is- it's all a hook).
I don't advise going into detail; that's just juvenile, usually. Even if you have the best intentions.
Hit points are a non-issue, really, although skill checks might make sense. Also talk to the player beforehand about how cool it might be if some info slipped out. Getting a player to pick a losing option on purpose isn't as hard as it seems if you can convince them it makes for a more interesting situation or will in the future. | Along with the point many other answers point out - talk to your group whether torture is something they care to have roleplayed in their game or skipped over.
I don't see much value in getting graphic with torture - for me it's enough to say "you're exhausted, bleeding and beat..." and then go into what usually is more interesting as far as that goes - either taunts or threats to things the character cares about.
"You think duty is not folding or bending. You think duty is you protecting things. What you don't understand is this: we choose you because now the choice is yours - you tell us what we need to know, or your daughter will be the next one we bring into this room. We know you can take the pain? Will she? I hoped you'd be reasonable. I was just trying to protect your family for you..."
For L5R it's especially fun to have people twist the ideals of bushido in their threats.
Mechanically, what you want to do is make it a choice:
**Paying the Price?**
It's been years since I've played L5R so I don't remember the skill list for these things (or it may have changed with 4E).
Tell the player, "There's going to be 3 Torture rolls against your Willpower/(appropriate skill). Each time they get a success, the difference in totals is going to set you up with a choice:
a) fold and give the info
b) take that many points of Disadvantages, permanently, as chosen by me, the GM.
If they beat you by X amount, you automatically fold. Spend your Void wisely."
Aside from obvious physical/mental disadvantages, consider the fact they may pull out OTHER, unrelated, but still powerful information instead. This could be a social disadvantage as they can now blackmail you on other things, or worse yet, a disadvantage to other characters as the PC has spilled dirt/valuable info on someone else. |
5,227 | How should a GM role-play a torture scene for a PC?
In one of my games, one of my PCs will be captured by the enemy who wishes to get information from him, using... less than ethical methods.
Leaving whether or not the information is divulged to a dice throw seems a waste, but on the other hand, it's hard to force a player to give up info if he doesn't want to.
I'm playing an L5R campaign, with the L5R system. | 2010/12/14 | [
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/questions/5227",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/users/1140/"
] | There is a third option, other than pure roleplaying and rolling dice, which is to offer a choice.
For example, here's a difficult choice. Either the character gives up the information or suffers a random amount of damage. Make it clear that, if the damage dice roll high enough to kill the character, the character will die.
So, then, the player chooses between giving the information or a chance the character will die.
IF you prefer something more narrative, try this. Either the character gives up the information or someone close to the character dies.
Alternatively: either the character gives up the information or a prize piece of a equipment is destroyed. Either the character gives up information or they lose an arm. Either the character gives up information or *another* PC takes damage. There are lots of possible choices: pick one that will engage your group. | ***Torture*** is a very sensitive topic, and the first thing you need to do is have a conversation out of game about how the players feel about such a scenario.
People have history, and issues, and ultimately *Torture* is mental, if it works at all. Unless you want to cause a mutiny, you need to understand how the players think. And maybe best to have one-on-one conversations with individual players to find out their thoughts. My experience with Larp is that when you have sensitive issues, you need to get permission, or just don't go there. *(And that experience translates to tabletop, and even online gaming).*
Some people have no problems, as this is just a game, but other people may not like the loss of control (even if the control is only their game avatar). A player may have defined their character as someone who would react in a certain way, and 'forcing' their character to react differently violates the essential control they need in their fantasy. I have role-played both sides of the torture thing (serious Larp'er), screaming, dramatics, but I also respect other people and their needs.
*(I apologize for drawing from Larp experience for this response, but I think the advice is pertinent to tabletop and computer/online games as well, as the following added story illustrates.)*
Many years ago, I was playing in an AD&D campaign with other college students, and we had an encounter that went badly. A torture sequence was role-played, and a young lady was very offended. She and I had a long discussion where she related her feelings, and I came away from that wiser, and more sensitive. |
5,227 | How should a GM role-play a torture scene for a PC?
In one of my games, one of my PCs will be captured by the enemy who wishes to get information from him, using... less than ethical methods.
Leaving whether or not the information is divulged to a dice throw seems a waste, but on the other hand, it's hard to force a player to give up info if he doesn't want to.
I'm playing an L5R campaign, with the L5R system. | 2010/12/14 | [
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/questions/5227",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/users/1140/"
] | There is a third option, other than pure roleplaying and rolling dice, which is to offer a choice.
For example, here's a difficult choice. Either the character gives up the information or suffers a random amount of damage. Make it clear that, if the damage dice roll high enough to kill the character, the character will die.
So, then, the player chooses between giving the information or a chance the character will die.
IF you prefer something more narrative, try this. Either the character gives up the information or someone close to the character dies.
Alternatively: either the character gives up the information or a prize piece of a equipment is destroyed. Either the character gives up information or they lose an arm. Either the character gives up information or *another* PC takes damage. There are lots of possible choices: pick one that will engage your group. | I suggest the following: make it a part of the narrative. Make the character get hurt. Inflict some damage on him, use insanity rules if your game has them. Get into the character's psyche. Tell the player that if he doesn't comply, he'll get hurt. A lot. |
5,227 | How should a GM role-play a torture scene for a PC?
In one of my games, one of my PCs will be captured by the enemy who wishes to get information from him, using... less than ethical methods.
Leaving whether or not the information is divulged to a dice throw seems a waste, but on the other hand, it's hard to force a player to give up info if he doesn't want to.
I'm playing an L5R campaign, with the L5R system. | 2010/12/14 | [
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/questions/5227",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/users/1140/"
] | **Rationale should influence approach**
I guess this all depends on the narrative purpose of the torture scene. Does it *need* to be played through? If not, go with some of the other suggestions here. Say 'you were tortured and move on.' It's good advice.
If you feel that there is some important reason that you play through the scene proceed with caution. I've run torture scenes in the past but have always 'faded to black' before the actual torture takes place. Showing some nasty/out of left filed torture devices and having the villains talk of what they're going to do is enough. It seeds enough enmity and provides for roleplaying opportunities.
**Player Agency**
The tricky question of player agency is important too. In my experience, players don't like having their characters knocked out, tied up, gagged, etc. It takes them out of the scene and can make them feel frustrated. It's a tricky task, but if possible I'd play to their character's strengths while letting the scene play out. Regnar the barbarian won't break. Loki the thief sows disinformation. Find ways to let them play their characters being tough, smart, cunning so that they don't simply feel as though they're being railroaded or restricted. | I suggest the following: make it a part of the narrative. Make the character get hurt. Inflict some damage on him, use insanity rules if your game has them. Get into the character's psyche. Tell the player that if he doesn't comply, he'll get hurt. A lot. |
5,227 | How should a GM role-play a torture scene for a PC?
In one of my games, one of my PCs will be captured by the enemy who wishes to get information from him, using... less than ethical methods.
Leaving whether or not the information is divulged to a dice throw seems a waste, but on the other hand, it's hard to force a player to give up info if he doesn't want to.
I'm playing an L5R campaign, with the L5R system. | 2010/12/14 | [
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/questions/5227",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/users/1140/"
] | There is a third option, other than pure roleplaying and rolling dice, which is to offer a choice.
For example, here's a difficult choice. Either the character gives up the information or suffers a random amount of damage. Make it clear that, if the damage dice roll high enough to kill the character, the character will die.
So, then, the player chooses between giving the information or a chance the character will die.
IF you prefer something more narrative, try this. Either the character gives up the information or someone close to the character dies.
Alternatively: either the character gives up the information or a prize piece of a equipment is destroyed. Either the character gives up information or they lose an arm. Either the character gives up information or *another* PC takes damage. There are lots of possible choices: pick one that will engage your group. | Along with the point many other answers point out - talk to your group whether torture is something they care to have roleplayed in their game or skipped over.
I don't see much value in getting graphic with torture - for me it's enough to say "you're exhausted, bleeding and beat..." and then go into what usually is more interesting as far as that goes - either taunts or threats to things the character cares about.
"You think duty is not folding or bending. You think duty is you protecting things. What you don't understand is this: we choose you because now the choice is yours - you tell us what we need to know, or your daughter will be the next one we bring into this room. We know you can take the pain? Will she? I hoped you'd be reasonable. I was just trying to protect your family for you..."
For L5R it's especially fun to have people twist the ideals of bushido in their threats.
Mechanically, what you want to do is make it a choice:
**Paying the Price?**
It's been years since I've played L5R so I don't remember the skill list for these things (or it may have changed with 4E).
Tell the player, "There's going to be 3 Torture rolls against your Willpower/(appropriate skill). Each time they get a success, the difference in totals is going to set you up with a choice:
a) fold and give the info
b) take that many points of Disadvantages, permanently, as chosen by me, the GM.
If they beat you by X amount, you automatically fold. Spend your Void wisely."
Aside from obvious physical/mental disadvantages, consider the fact they may pull out OTHER, unrelated, but still powerful information instead. This could be a social disadvantage as they can now blackmail you on other things, or worse yet, a disadvantage to other characters as the PC has spilled dirt/valuable info on someone else. |
5,227 | How should a GM role-play a torture scene for a PC?
In one of my games, one of my PCs will be captured by the enemy who wishes to get information from him, using... less than ethical methods.
Leaving whether or not the information is divulged to a dice throw seems a waste, but on the other hand, it's hard to force a player to give up info if he doesn't want to.
I'm playing an L5R campaign, with the L5R system. | 2010/12/14 | [
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/questions/5227",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/users/1140/"
] | The biggest issue I see with this is whether or not the players will be okay with it. I have learned the hard way that if you're going to be doing any kind of collaborative RPing at *all*, from torture to simple vignettes, you almost *need* to have what story gamers refer to as "the veil":
**If at any time you feel uncomfortable with an idea, a direction, or anything that is happening at a session, you have the right to say "let's draw a veil over that".** At that point, we will stop doing that. The ONLY questions which we can ask are:
* Whether or not it's okay to "fade to black" on a scene and discuss the consequences of it, or if we want to kind of delete the whole thing from the campaign.
* What, exactly, we are drawing the veil over.
And that's all. What you **cannot** ask is "why". The veil is not intended to start a debate but to make everyone comfortable with roleplay. Hopefully it will be used sparingly but it is in my personal experience that some of the worst gaming experiences I and others have had was when someone should have pulled the veil over something but did not (or, in my case, we didn't have the "veil" rule in place and the player did not realize that he had that power).
The veil can cover something as innocuous as a name (perhaps a player's dead wife shared the name of the witch you're using - again, it doesn't matter why) or as extreme as "guys, let's draw the veil over torture".
I realize that you're asking for mechanics here, but I think that ultimately with a topic as contentious as this, this is a more important factor than pure mechanics. | Along with the point many other answers point out - talk to your group whether torture is something they care to have roleplayed in their game or skipped over.
I don't see much value in getting graphic with torture - for me it's enough to say "you're exhausted, bleeding and beat..." and then go into what usually is more interesting as far as that goes - either taunts or threats to things the character cares about.
"You think duty is not folding or bending. You think duty is you protecting things. What you don't understand is this: we choose you because now the choice is yours - you tell us what we need to know, or your daughter will be the next one we bring into this room. We know you can take the pain? Will she? I hoped you'd be reasonable. I was just trying to protect your family for you..."
For L5R it's especially fun to have people twist the ideals of bushido in their threats.
Mechanically, what you want to do is make it a choice:
**Paying the Price?**
It's been years since I've played L5R so I don't remember the skill list for these things (or it may have changed with 4E).
Tell the player, "There's going to be 3 Torture rolls against your Willpower/(appropriate skill). Each time they get a success, the difference in totals is going to set you up with a choice:
a) fold and give the info
b) take that many points of Disadvantages, permanently, as chosen by me, the GM.
If they beat you by X amount, you automatically fold. Spend your Void wisely."
Aside from obvious physical/mental disadvantages, consider the fact they may pull out OTHER, unrelated, but still powerful information instead. This could be a social disadvantage as they can now blackmail you on other things, or worse yet, a disadvantage to other characters as the PC has spilled dirt/valuable info on someone else. |
5,245,321 | I have implemented FB in my application an it is working perfectly in my samsung device o/s 1.5. However in the HTC Evo the FB login dialog disappears soon after loading. it stays for a couple of seconds and vanishes. i have tested it in the emulator 2.2 and it works fine.
what could be the possible reason of the behavior and how can i overcome it?
just found out that it happens when i am logged into facebook in another application.
however in applications like photoshop express there is no such issue.
Just what am i missing?? | 2011/03/09 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/5245321",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/327491/"
] | I had the same issue. It was because I was connected with the official Facebook application. I disconnect from the official Facebook application and then I was able to launch the login dialog. The problem is with SSO.
I solved it by forcing the login dialog rather than SSO by passing FORCE\_DIALOG\_AUTH in the authorize methods in Facebook.java. | The issue is actually that you haven't set up your Key Hash for your application with Facebook yet which is required to use SSO. FORCE\_DIALOG\_AUTH actually disables SSO, but this is a poorer user experience. Instead, take a look at an article I put together after struggling with this issue which describes the correct way to tackle your problem:
<http://sean.lyn.ch/2011/07/android-the-facebook-sdk-sso-and-you/> |
5,245,321 | I have implemented FB in my application an it is working perfectly in my samsung device o/s 1.5. However in the HTC Evo the FB login dialog disappears soon after loading. it stays for a couple of seconds and vanishes. i have tested it in the emulator 2.2 and it works fine.
what could be the possible reason of the behavior and how can i overcome it?
just found out that it happens when i am logged into facebook in another application.
however in applications like photoshop express there is no such issue.
Just what am i missing?? | 2011/03/09 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/5245321",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/327491/"
] | I had the same issue. It was because I was connected with the official Facebook application. I disconnect from the official Facebook application and then I was able to launch the login dialog. The problem is with SSO.
I solved it by forcing the login dialog rather than SSO by passing FORCE\_DIALOG\_AUTH in the authorize methods in Facebook.java. | I got this FacebookException because of [developers site](https://developers.facebook.com/) was not working.After developer facebook site worked, this issue was resolved. |
5,245,321 | I have implemented FB in my application an it is working perfectly in my samsung device o/s 1.5. However in the HTC Evo the FB login dialog disappears soon after loading. it stays for a couple of seconds and vanishes. i have tested it in the emulator 2.2 and it works fine.
what could be the possible reason of the behavior and how can i overcome it?
just found out that it happens when i am logged into facebook in another application.
however in applications like photoshop express there is no such issue.
Just what am i missing?? | 2011/03/09 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/5245321",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/327491/"
] | The issue is actually that you haven't set up your Key Hash for your application with Facebook yet which is required to use SSO. FORCE\_DIALOG\_AUTH actually disables SSO, but this is a poorer user experience. Instead, take a look at an article I put together after struggling with this issue which describes the correct way to tackle your problem:
<http://sean.lyn.ch/2011/07/android-the-facebook-sdk-sso-and-you/> | I got this FacebookException because of [developers site](https://developers.facebook.com/) was not working.After developer facebook site worked, this issue was resolved. |
39,808,960 | I've seen that df -H --total gives me the total space available but only of **mounted** devices, and lsblk gives me the sizes of **all** storage devices, yet not how much space is available within them.
Is there a way I could see the sum total, available storage space of all devices, e.g. hard disks, thumb drives, etc., in one number? | 2016/10/01 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/39808960",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/6051346/"
] | The operation of *mounting* a medium makes the operating system *analyze* the file system.
Before a medium is mounted, it exists as a block device and the only fact the OS might know about it might be the *capacity*.
Other than that, it is just a stream of bytes not interpreted in any way. That "stream of bytes" very probably contains the information of used and unused blocks. But, dependent on file system types, in very different places and can thus not be known by the OS (other than mounting and analyzing it)
You could write a specific application that would extract that information, but I would consider that *temporarily mounting* the file system. Standard Unix/Linux doesn't come with such an application. | From the df man page, I'd say "No", but the wording indicates that it may be possible on some sytems/distributions with some version(s) of df.
The other problem is how things can be accessed. For example, the system I'm using right now shows 3 160gb disks in it... but df will show one of them at / and the other 2 as a software based RAID-1 setup on /home. |
3,340,827 | dear all..i have a textfield.
i want after i have typed identity number inside it, the script can identifying to "user table" at DB.
i want if id number not match can show an alert..
how do i do that?i'm newbie at javascript | 2010/07/27 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/3340827",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/355005/"
] | I'd suggest libmodbus, it works well and is cross platform.
<http://www.libmodbus.org> | I am just starting to explore these options as well. My priority is on ease of use which has led me to [RModBus](http://rmodbus.heroku.com/) since it was the only one that I was able to get immediate results with. However, there is also a Python library, Pymodbus, that appears to be quite complete in implementation.
I'm sorry, I just figured out that GCC is a compiler; my answer is way off topic.
Again, I was looking for a scripting language that my noob self could be more comfortable in. It really came down to a question of language rather than the library itself. Oh, I am only using the TCP/IP stack at this time, which somewhat simplifies it as well. |
91,231 | One of the main themes of my series is an infinite multiverse, and one of the main characters was born on an earth where religion never existed. The humans of this world except for my MC do not and can not feel anger or hate. They can feel frustrated but not anger or any emotion like it.
So I've been having trouble. How fast would a society advance in technology and medicine? Would it be too much of a stretch if they progressed every century or so? These humans in my story are not like most, they and the humans in a universe next to them(that being us) are the genetic descendants of twin gods that gave up their physical bodies to create a breed of humans who would one day receive a gift from beings that are known for being the most powerful in the known multiverse. A gift that would hasten and vastly improve their evolution.
I know how advanced they are in the MC's lifetime.
the year on his earth is 1954(I picked this year because of it being an alternate earth where Alan Turing is alive and the current president of the U.N.A), his America is known as the United Nations of America. There is no poverty, diseases, crime, and the most of the time the only reason people die is that they died of old age, which is around 200 to 400 years. Also, most of the planets in their solar system have been terraformed. In 15 years they will discover interstellar travel.
I'd appreciate any help given. :D | 2017/09/07 | [
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/91231",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/users/42352/"
] | Religion is not (usually) neutral in Science/Technology development, but different religions may have different effects, even for quite "similar" religions.
Christianity is often pointed out as a large hamper for everything "material", and that has surely been true throughout the Dark Ages.
Different "flavors" of Islam produced both [al-Khwarizmi](https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_Musa_al-Khwarizmi), whose name is encoded in the word "algorithm" (reason is kind of funny: it seems a repeated phrase in medieval translations often explained a process starting with: "alkwrizmi says..." so the mathematician became synonym of process itself) and Caliph Umar who (legend narrates) ordered [destruction](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destruction_of_the_Library_of_Alexandria) of Alexandria Library saying: "If those books are in agreement with the Quran, we have no need of them; and if these are opposed to the Quran, destroy them."
Ancient polytheisms never were a stop for scientific development, neither in Greece nor in India.
While certain (specific!) flavors of monotheism can be blamed to have been a brake on scientific advance and technology (mainly insisting on importance of afterlife) it is unproven atheism is of any help. | I think you can justify any outcome you might need.
* Superstitious explanations for natural phenomena can slow research, as innovative thinkers get burned at the stake.
* Systematic debate and interpretation of religious texts might train academic thinking ([hermeneutics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermeneutics)), this paves the way to the scientific methods.
* Emotions like anger and hate might cause wars, and wars can accelerate technological development *if they don't destroy the industrial base*.
* Anger that a beloved relative died from an "incurable" disease might push medical research. |
91,231 | One of the main themes of my series is an infinite multiverse, and one of the main characters was born on an earth where religion never existed. The humans of this world except for my MC do not and can not feel anger or hate. They can feel frustrated but not anger or any emotion like it.
So I've been having trouble. How fast would a society advance in technology and medicine? Would it be too much of a stretch if they progressed every century or so? These humans in my story are not like most, they and the humans in a universe next to them(that being us) are the genetic descendants of twin gods that gave up their physical bodies to create a breed of humans who would one day receive a gift from beings that are known for being the most powerful in the known multiverse. A gift that would hasten and vastly improve their evolution.
I know how advanced they are in the MC's lifetime.
the year on his earth is 1954(I picked this year because of it being an alternate earth where Alan Turing is alive and the current president of the U.N.A), his America is known as the United Nations of America. There is no poverty, diseases, crime, and the most of the time the only reason people die is that they died of old age, which is around 200 to 400 years. Also, most of the planets in their solar system have been terraformed. In 15 years they will discover interstellar travel.
I'd appreciate any help given. :D | 2017/09/07 | [
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/91231",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/users/42352/"
] | **Born of religion**
Religion is mostly intertwined with our capacity of understand the things that are around us. Some believe that is genetic, causality or even a trait that affect some people more than others (God gene).
**Science**
Fire, dying, lighting, the sun, and most things that happend all around can't be simply explained, but still the humand mind try to give it a meaning to avoid "the fear of the unknown" in that regard we created explanations to handle this concepts.
In other words science and religion are born for the same capacity of understand the causality of our actions and of most things around us, and the need to feel comfortable and safe within our world.
Which means that with enough intelligence, curiosity and necessity, religion and science would occur naturally.
**Medicine**
In a world where you don't have diseases, gunshots, wars, hunger or epidemics probably the evolution of medicine would being halted mostly completly. There is no need of doctors or research if people don't fall ill. | Religion is not (usually) neutral in Science/Technology development, but different religions may have different effects, even for quite "similar" religions.
Christianity is often pointed out as a large hamper for everything "material", and that has surely been true throughout the Dark Ages.
Different "flavors" of Islam produced both [al-Khwarizmi](https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_Musa_al-Khwarizmi), whose name is encoded in the word "algorithm" (reason is kind of funny: it seems a repeated phrase in medieval translations often explained a process starting with: "alkwrizmi says..." so the mathematician became synonym of process itself) and Caliph Umar who (legend narrates) ordered [destruction](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destruction_of_the_Library_of_Alexandria) of Alexandria Library saying: "If those books are in agreement with the Quran, we have no need of them; and if these are opposed to the Quran, destroy them."
Ancient polytheisms never were a stop for scientific development, neither in Greece nor in India.
While certain (specific!) flavors of monotheism can be blamed to have been a brake on scientific advance and technology (mainly insisting on importance of afterlife) it is unproven atheism is of any help. |
91,231 | One of the main themes of my series is an infinite multiverse, and one of the main characters was born on an earth where religion never existed. The humans of this world except for my MC do not and can not feel anger or hate. They can feel frustrated but not anger or any emotion like it.
So I've been having trouble. How fast would a society advance in technology and medicine? Would it be too much of a stretch if they progressed every century or so? These humans in my story are not like most, they and the humans in a universe next to them(that being us) are the genetic descendants of twin gods that gave up their physical bodies to create a breed of humans who would one day receive a gift from beings that are known for being the most powerful in the known multiverse. A gift that would hasten and vastly improve their evolution.
I know how advanced they are in the MC's lifetime.
the year on his earth is 1954(I picked this year because of it being an alternate earth where Alan Turing is alive and the current president of the U.N.A), his America is known as the United Nations of America. There is no poverty, diseases, crime, and the most of the time the only reason people die is that they died of old age, which is around 200 to 400 years. Also, most of the planets in their solar system have been terraformed. In 15 years they will discover interstellar travel.
I'd appreciate any help given. :D | 2017/09/07 | [
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/91231",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/users/42352/"
] | Counter-intuitively, Technology would advance more slowly
---------------------------------------------------------
As it would happen, Religion and War are some of the most powerful forces contributing to human technological advancement. For instance, Egyptian and Mesopotamian religion where some of the earliest contributors to architecture in the form of the Pyramids and Ziggurats. Egyptian religion also gave us the first Semitic scripts, which evolved into Arabic, Greek, Hebrew, Latin, etc. Hinduism, Jainism, and Buddhism where collectively responsible for the spark of the Golden age of India, which gave the world, among other things, the incorrectly named arabic numerals, damascus steel, and surgical tools. The Islamic golden age gave us algebra, public hospitals, and some of the earliest pharmacies.
War, I would argue, has had the greatest influence on Human technological advancement. Period. War gave humanity some of the first logistics system, advancements in metallurgy, chemistry, physics, epidemiology, it gave us the radio, microwaves, synthetic rubber, blood banks, plastic surgery, nuclear power, ultrasounds, rocketry, the internet. The fastest periods of advancement in human history come either during, or soon after war. Governments are willing to alter their entire economies to produce weapons of war and fund their research, without war, an incentive its equal does not exist. ***Without conflict, Solutions are not Needed*** | Religion is not (usually) neutral in Science/Technology development, but different religions may have different effects, even for quite "similar" religions.
Christianity is often pointed out as a large hamper for everything "material", and that has surely been true throughout the Dark Ages.
Different "flavors" of Islam produced both [al-Khwarizmi](https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_Musa_al-Khwarizmi), whose name is encoded in the word "algorithm" (reason is kind of funny: it seems a repeated phrase in medieval translations often explained a process starting with: "alkwrizmi says..." so the mathematician became synonym of process itself) and Caliph Umar who (legend narrates) ordered [destruction](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destruction_of_the_Library_of_Alexandria) of Alexandria Library saying: "If those books are in agreement with the Quran, we have no need of them; and if these are opposed to the Quran, destroy them."
Ancient polytheisms never were a stop for scientific development, neither in Greece nor in India.
While certain (specific!) flavors of monotheism can be blamed to have been a brake on scientific advance and technology (mainly insisting on importance of afterlife) it is unproven atheism is of any help. |
91,231 | One of the main themes of my series is an infinite multiverse, and one of the main characters was born on an earth where religion never existed. The humans of this world except for my MC do not and can not feel anger or hate. They can feel frustrated but not anger or any emotion like it.
So I've been having trouble. How fast would a society advance in technology and medicine? Would it be too much of a stretch if they progressed every century or so? These humans in my story are not like most, they and the humans in a universe next to them(that being us) are the genetic descendants of twin gods that gave up their physical bodies to create a breed of humans who would one day receive a gift from beings that are known for being the most powerful in the known multiverse. A gift that would hasten and vastly improve their evolution.
I know how advanced they are in the MC's lifetime.
the year on his earth is 1954(I picked this year because of it being an alternate earth where Alan Turing is alive and the current president of the U.N.A), his America is known as the United Nations of America. There is no poverty, diseases, crime, and the most of the time the only reason people die is that they died of old age, which is around 200 to 400 years. Also, most of the planets in their solar system have been terraformed. In 15 years they will discover interstellar travel.
I'd appreciate any help given. :D | 2017/09/07 | [
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/91231",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/users/42352/"
] | **Born of religion**
Religion is mostly intertwined with our capacity of understand the things that are around us. Some believe that is genetic, causality or even a trait that affect some people more than others (God gene).
**Science**
Fire, dying, lighting, the sun, and most things that happend all around can't be simply explained, but still the humand mind try to give it a meaning to avoid "the fear of the unknown" in that regard we created explanations to handle this concepts.
In other words science and religion are born for the same capacity of understand the causality of our actions and of most things around us, and the need to feel comfortable and safe within our world.
Which means that with enough intelligence, curiosity and necessity, religion and science would occur naturally.
**Medicine**
In a world where you don't have diseases, gunshots, wars, hunger or epidemics probably the evolution of medicine would being halted mostly completly. There is no need of doctors or research if people don't fall ill. | I think you can justify any outcome you might need.
* Superstitious explanations for natural phenomena can slow research, as innovative thinkers get burned at the stake.
* Systematic debate and interpretation of religious texts might train academic thinking ([hermeneutics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermeneutics)), this paves the way to the scientific methods.
* Emotions like anger and hate might cause wars, and wars can accelerate technological development *if they don't destroy the industrial base*.
* Anger that a beloved relative died from an "incurable" disease might push medical research. |
91,231 | One of the main themes of my series is an infinite multiverse, and one of the main characters was born on an earth where religion never existed. The humans of this world except for my MC do not and can not feel anger or hate. They can feel frustrated but not anger or any emotion like it.
So I've been having trouble. How fast would a society advance in technology and medicine? Would it be too much of a stretch if they progressed every century or so? These humans in my story are not like most, they and the humans in a universe next to them(that being us) are the genetic descendants of twin gods that gave up their physical bodies to create a breed of humans who would one day receive a gift from beings that are known for being the most powerful in the known multiverse. A gift that would hasten and vastly improve their evolution.
I know how advanced they are in the MC's lifetime.
the year on his earth is 1954(I picked this year because of it being an alternate earth where Alan Turing is alive and the current president of the U.N.A), his America is known as the United Nations of America. There is no poverty, diseases, crime, and the most of the time the only reason people die is that they died of old age, which is around 200 to 400 years. Also, most of the planets in their solar system have been terraformed. In 15 years they will discover interstellar travel.
I'd appreciate any help given. :D | 2017/09/07 | [
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/91231",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/users/42352/"
] | Counter-intuitively, Technology would advance more slowly
---------------------------------------------------------
As it would happen, Religion and War are some of the most powerful forces contributing to human technological advancement. For instance, Egyptian and Mesopotamian religion where some of the earliest contributors to architecture in the form of the Pyramids and Ziggurats. Egyptian religion also gave us the first Semitic scripts, which evolved into Arabic, Greek, Hebrew, Latin, etc. Hinduism, Jainism, and Buddhism where collectively responsible for the spark of the Golden age of India, which gave the world, among other things, the incorrectly named arabic numerals, damascus steel, and surgical tools. The Islamic golden age gave us algebra, public hospitals, and some of the earliest pharmacies.
War, I would argue, has had the greatest influence on Human technological advancement. Period. War gave humanity some of the first logistics system, advancements in metallurgy, chemistry, physics, epidemiology, it gave us the radio, microwaves, synthetic rubber, blood banks, plastic surgery, nuclear power, ultrasounds, rocketry, the internet. The fastest periods of advancement in human history come either during, or soon after war. Governments are willing to alter their entire economies to produce weapons of war and fund their research, without war, an incentive its equal does not exist. ***Without conflict, Solutions are not Needed*** | I think you can justify any outcome you might need.
* Superstitious explanations for natural phenomena can slow research, as innovative thinkers get burned at the stake.
* Systematic debate and interpretation of religious texts might train academic thinking ([hermeneutics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermeneutics)), this paves the way to the scientific methods.
* Emotions like anger and hate might cause wars, and wars can accelerate technological development *if they don't destroy the industrial base*.
* Anger that a beloved relative died from an "incurable" disease might push medical research. |
91,231 | One of the main themes of my series is an infinite multiverse, and one of the main characters was born on an earth where religion never existed. The humans of this world except for my MC do not and can not feel anger or hate. They can feel frustrated but not anger or any emotion like it.
So I've been having trouble. How fast would a society advance in technology and medicine? Would it be too much of a stretch if they progressed every century or so? These humans in my story are not like most, they and the humans in a universe next to them(that being us) are the genetic descendants of twin gods that gave up their physical bodies to create a breed of humans who would one day receive a gift from beings that are known for being the most powerful in the known multiverse. A gift that would hasten and vastly improve their evolution.
I know how advanced they are in the MC's lifetime.
the year on his earth is 1954(I picked this year because of it being an alternate earth where Alan Turing is alive and the current president of the U.N.A), his America is known as the United Nations of America. There is no poverty, diseases, crime, and the most of the time the only reason people die is that they died of old age, which is around 200 to 400 years. Also, most of the planets in their solar system have been terraformed. In 15 years they will discover interstellar travel.
I'd appreciate any help given. :D | 2017/09/07 | [
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/91231",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/users/42352/"
] | Counter-intuitively, Technology would advance more slowly
---------------------------------------------------------
As it would happen, Religion and War are some of the most powerful forces contributing to human technological advancement. For instance, Egyptian and Mesopotamian religion where some of the earliest contributors to architecture in the form of the Pyramids and Ziggurats. Egyptian religion also gave us the first Semitic scripts, which evolved into Arabic, Greek, Hebrew, Latin, etc. Hinduism, Jainism, and Buddhism where collectively responsible for the spark of the Golden age of India, which gave the world, among other things, the incorrectly named arabic numerals, damascus steel, and surgical tools. The Islamic golden age gave us algebra, public hospitals, and some of the earliest pharmacies.
War, I would argue, has had the greatest influence on Human technological advancement. Period. War gave humanity some of the first logistics system, advancements in metallurgy, chemistry, physics, epidemiology, it gave us the radio, microwaves, synthetic rubber, blood banks, plastic surgery, nuclear power, ultrasounds, rocketry, the internet. The fastest periods of advancement in human history come either during, or soon after war. Governments are willing to alter their entire economies to produce weapons of war and fund their research, without war, an incentive its equal does not exist. ***Without conflict, Solutions are not Needed*** | **Born of religion**
Religion is mostly intertwined with our capacity of understand the things that are around us. Some believe that is genetic, causality or even a trait that affect some people more than others (God gene).
**Science**
Fire, dying, lighting, the sun, and most things that happend all around can't be simply explained, but still the humand mind try to give it a meaning to avoid "the fear of the unknown" in that regard we created explanations to handle this concepts.
In other words science and religion are born for the same capacity of understand the causality of our actions and of most things around us, and the need to feel comfortable and safe within our world.
Which means that with enough intelligence, curiosity and necessity, religion and science would occur naturally.
**Medicine**
In a world where you don't have diseases, gunshots, wars, hunger or epidemics probably the evolution of medicine would being halted mostly completly. There is no need of doctors or research if people don't fall ill. |
4,574,571 | How do you train Neural Network for pattern recognition? For example a face recognition in a picture how would you define the output neurons? (eg. how to detect where is the face exactly, rather than just saying that there is a face in camera). Also, how about detecting multiple faces and different size of faces?
If anyone could give me a pointer it would be really great
Cheers! | 2011/01/01 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/4574571",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/364569/"
] | Generally speaking I would split the problem into multiple stages e.g.
1 - Is there a face in the picture?
2 - Where is the face in the picture?
3 - Is the face in the picture one that the NN (Neural network) recognises?
In each instance I would suggest you build a separate NN and train it to answer the questions posed.
As for the structure of the NN, that's a bit trickier to answer as it depends on your input data and desired output. For example if you had a 100x100 px image then I suppose its feasible to have 10,000 inputs. You might want to consider doing some preprocessing before hand to say detect ovals that way you could look and see if there are a number of ovals in a predictable outline (1 for the face, 2 for the eyes, and one for the mouth possibly). If you are preprocessing the data then you might have inputs for each oval.
Now for the output... for question one you could just have one output to say how sure the NN is that there is a face in the input data i.e a valuer of 0.0 (defiantly no face) --> 1.0 (defiantly a face). This way you can move onto stages 2 and 3.
I might say at this point that this is a non-trivial problem and you might be better to have a look at some of the frameworks available e.g. [OpenCV](http://opencv.willowgarage.com/wiki/)
Now for the training part, you need to have a stockpile of images available to train the NN. There are a number of ways in which you *could* train the NN. One potential solution is to use a technique called back propagation [1](http://www.seattlerobotics.org/encoder/nov98/neural.html), [2](http://galaxy.agh.edu.pl/~vlsi/AI/backp_t_en/backprop.html). In general terms, you use the NN on an image and compare it to a predetermined output. If its wrong tweak the NN to produce the desired output and repeat.
If you want a good book on AI, then I would highly recommend [Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach](http://www.amazon.co.uk/Artificial-Intelligence-International-Version-Approach/dp/0132071487/ref=dp_ob_title_bk) by Russell and Norvig. Im sure that there are more appropriate Computer Vision textbooks, but the Russell & Norvig book is an excellent starter. | Dear GantengX, you should prepare your self to the fact that the answer is so large, complex and hard to understand. There is so many approaches to pattern and face recognition. And implementing real-life face recognition system is a huge array of work that one person can never handle. Prepare your self for at least 10 years of life behind books on mathematic and artificial intelligence, I'm not talking about hiring 5 highly payed developers in the end who will understand what you want them to do. And maybe you will end up having your own face recognition system. There are also dozen of other issues that will jump out during the process. So be ready for a life full of stresses and problems. |
4,574,571 | How do you train Neural Network for pattern recognition? For example a face recognition in a picture how would you define the output neurons? (eg. how to detect where is the face exactly, rather than just saying that there is a face in camera). Also, how about detecting multiple faces and different size of faces?
If anyone could give me a pointer it would be really great
Cheers! | 2011/01/01 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/4574571",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/364569/"
] | Generally speaking I would split the problem into multiple stages e.g.
1 - Is there a face in the picture?
2 - Where is the face in the picture?
3 - Is the face in the picture one that the NN (Neural network) recognises?
In each instance I would suggest you build a separate NN and train it to answer the questions posed.
As for the structure of the NN, that's a bit trickier to answer as it depends on your input data and desired output. For example if you had a 100x100 px image then I suppose its feasible to have 10,000 inputs. You might want to consider doing some preprocessing before hand to say detect ovals that way you could look and see if there are a number of ovals in a predictable outline (1 for the face, 2 for the eyes, and one for the mouth possibly). If you are preprocessing the data then you might have inputs for each oval.
Now for the output... for question one you could just have one output to say how sure the NN is that there is a face in the input data i.e a valuer of 0.0 (defiantly no face) --> 1.0 (defiantly a face). This way you can move onto stages 2 and 3.
I might say at this point that this is a non-trivial problem and you might be better to have a look at some of the frameworks available e.g. [OpenCV](http://opencv.willowgarage.com/wiki/)
Now for the training part, you need to have a stockpile of images available to train the NN. There are a number of ways in which you *could* train the NN. One potential solution is to use a technique called back propagation [1](http://www.seattlerobotics.org/encoder/nov98/neural.html), [2](http://galaxy.agh.edu.pl/~vlsi/AI/backp_t_en/backprop.html). In general terms, you use the NN on an image and compare it to a predetermined output. If its wrong tweak the NN to produce the desired output and repeat.
If you want a good book on AI, then I would highly recommend [Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach](http://www.amazon.co.uk/Artificial-Intelligence-International-Version-Approach/dp/0132071487/ref=dp_ob_title_bk) by Russell and Norvig. Im sure that there are more appropriate Computer Vision textbooks, but the Russell & Norvig book is an excellent starter. | I'm sorry for telling obvious things, but your question was not specific, complete answer would touch many different scientific spheres and will result as a book with over 1k pages.
Regarding your question (the short answer).
There are several principal parts that each face recognition app consists of:
1. Artificial intelligence algorithm
2. Optimization algorithm (for AI optimization)
3. Different filtration algorithms
4. Effective data set development
Items 1. and 2. are the central part of each system, they do the actual work. Any other preprocessing just makes the input data less complex, making it easier to do a decision for your AI. Don't start 3. and 4. until you will have your first results.
P.S.
Using existing solutions is more cost-effective, but if you are studying things then don't loose time like I did, and start your dissertation right away. |
4,877 | My instructions that came with my kit said that I should let the bottles sit for 3 days, then age in the fridge for 10 days. If I don't refrigerate, will I get bottle bombs?
Advice on forums and other places says to leave them in the bottle for two weeks or even upwards of a month, I doubt every brewer has enough fridge space to store 5+ gallons of beer for 1 or 2 months. So, I am inclined to think they won't blow, unless I bottle with too much unfermented sugar in them.
Will leaving them out in room temp, cause them to pop?
Are there any other reasons for me to refrigerate my beer, aside from taste? | 2011/08/18 | [
"https://homebrew.stackexchange.com/questions/4877",
"https://homebrew.stackexchange.com",
"https://homebrew.stackexchange.com/users/1584/"
] | I do not refrigerate my beer until it is ready to drink, generally about 2 weeks after bottling. I will leave it at room temperature, out of the sun, indefinitely from the time I bottle it until I am ready to drink it. | if you put the beer in the fridge after a week of bottling it will be a little flat but still it will taste better than cheap bear from the store . if you want to be safe wait 2 weeks befor putting in the fridge |
4,877 | My instructions that came with my kit said that I should let the bottles sit for 3 days, then age in the fridge for 10 days. If I don't refrigerate, will I get bottle bombs?
Advice on forums and other places says to leave them in the bottle for two weeks or even upwards of a month, I doubt every brewer has enough fridge space to store 5+ gallons of beer for 1 or 2 months. So, I am inclined to think they won't blow, unless I bottle with too much unfermented sugar in them.
Will leaving them out in room temp, cause them to pop?
Are there any other reasons for me to refrigerate my beer, aside from taste? | 2011/08/18 | [
"https://homebrew.stackexchange.com/questions/4877",
"https://homebrew.stackexchange.com",
"https://homebrew.stackexchange.com/users/1584/"
] | My process is to bottle condition at room temperature then every 7 days put a bottle in the fridge overnight and give it the taste test.
If its carbonated to your liking then load up the fridge, else wait till the following week. | if you put the beer in the fridge after a week of bottling it will be a little flat but still it will taste better than cheap bear from the store . if you want to be safe wait 2 weeks befor putting in the fridge |
4,877 | My instructions that came with my kit said that I should let the bottles sit for 3 days, then age in the fridge for 10 days. If I don't refrigerate, will I get bottle bombs?
Advice on forums and other places says to leave them in the bottle for two weeks or even upwards of a month, I doubt every brewer has enough fridge space to store 5+ gallons of beer for 1 or 2 months. So, I am inclined to think they won't blow, unless I bottle with too much unfermented sugar in them.
Will leaving them out in room temp, cause them to pop?
Are there any other reasons for me to refrigerate my beer, aside from taste? | 2011/08/18 | [
"https://homebrew.stackexchange.com/questions/4877",
"https://homebrew.stackexchange.com",
"https://homebrew.stackexchange.com/users/1584/"
] | My process is to bottle condition at room temperature then every 7 days put a bottle in the fridge overnight and give it the taste test.
If its carbonated to your liking then load up the fridge, else wait till the following week. | I do the same. Once bottled, I chill/drink no sooner than 10 days, but leave out as many as 4 weeks so far. We've been having a heatwave recently and I'm trying to determine if the bottles are too hot. Probably closer to 80 degrees, but I have no way to cool. I did put the fermenter in a bus tub of water and wrapped with a wet beach towel, but as far as the bottles are concerned, they are on their own. |
4,877 | My instructions that came with my kit said that I should let the bottles sit for 3 days, then age in the fridge for 10 days. If I don't refrigerate, will I get bottle bombs?
Advice on forums and other places says to leave them in the bottle for two weeks or even upwards of a month, I doubt every brewer has enough fridge space to store 5+ gallons of beer for 1 or 2 months. So, I am inclined to think they won't blow, unless I bottle with too much unfermented sugar in them.
Will leaving them out in room temp, cause them to pop?
Are there any other reasons for me to refrigerate my beer, aside from taste? | 2011/08/18 | [
"https://homebrew.stackexchange.com/questions/4877",
"https://homebrew.stackexchange.com",
"https://homebrew.stackexchange.com/users/1584/"
] | DO NOT put them in the fridge after three days. You'll want to store the newly bottled beer at around 70 degrees for a few weeks. Since you are bottle conditioning, the yeast will need time to carbonate the beer. If you put the beer in the fridge now, the yeast will drop out before it finishes eating the priming sugar, and **you'll have flat beer.**
With respect to bottle bombs, you just have to avoid too much fermentation in the bottle. You do this in two ways: 1) Make sure that fermentation is finished before bottling, by taking successive hydrometer readings and noting no change for a few days. This allows you to know, for sure, how many fermentables are in the bottle. 2) Make sure to calculate and measure your priming sugar accurately. This point is often missed. Beer making instructions usually assume a 5-gallon volume when specifying how much priming sugar to use. You will probably have to adjust this, since **typically the volume of beer you collect is not exactly 5 gallons.** Here is one calculator that can help with that: <http://www.tastybrew.com/calculators/priming.html> | I agree with DAX, have put bottled beer directly into the fridge. It takes about 3-4 weeks, but will carbonate. The carbonation may be finer (smaller bubbles) but is adequate. Don't think it really adds much just did it many years ago as an experiment, comparing to room temp carbonation from same batch |
4,877 | My instructions that came with my kit said that I should let the bottles sit for 3 days, then age in the fridge for 10 days. If I don't refrigerate, will I get bottle bombs?
Advice on forums and other places says to leave them in the bottle for two weeks or even upwards of a month, I doubt every brewer has enough fridge space to store 5+ gallons of beer for 1 or 2 months. So, I am inclined to think they won't blow, unless I bottle with too much unfermented sugar in them.
Will leaving them out in room temp, cause them to pop?
Are there any other reasons for me to refrigerate my beer, aside from taste? | 2011/08/18 | [
"https://homebrew.stackexchange.com/questions/4877",
"https://homebrew.stackexchange.com",
"https://homebrew.stackexchange.com/users/1584/"
] | You'll only get bottle bombs if you over-prime or bottle too early (or have an infection). The difference between fridge, celler and even hot (80-100+°F) temps will not cause a normally-carbonated beer to explode, or it'd be happening commercially all the time.
That being said, heat and temp fluctuations aren't ideal for your beer.
Make sure fermentation is finished when you bottle. Don't over-prime. Be clean. Then just keep the bottles in the coldest darkest place you have access to. | if you put the beer in the fridge after a week of bottling it will be a little flat but still it will taste better than cheap bear from the store . if you want to be safe wait 2 weeks befor putting in the fridge |
4,877 | My instructions that came with my kit said that I should let the bottles sit for 3 days, then age in the fridge for 10 days. If I don't refrigerate, will I get bottle bombs?
Advice on forums and other places says to leave them in the bottle for two weeks or even upwards of a month, I doubt every brewer has enough fridge space to store 5+ gallons of beer for 1 or 2 months. So, I am inclined to think they won't blow, unless I bottle with too much unfermented sugar in them.
Will leaving them out in room temp, cause them to pop?
Are there any other reasons for me to refrigerate my beer, aside from taste? | 2011/08/18 | [
"https://homebrew.stackexchange.com/questions/4877",
"https://homebrew.stackexchange.com",
"https://homebrew.stackexchange.com/users/1584/"
] | I do not refrigerate my beer until it is ready to drink, generally about 2 weeks after bottling. I will leave it at room temperature, out of the sun, indefinitely from the time I bottle it until I am ready to drink it. | I agree with DAX, have put bottled beer directly into the fridge. It takes about 3-4 weeks, but will carbonate. The carbonation may be finer (smaller bubbles) but is adequate. Don't think it really adds much just did it many years ago as an experiment, comparing to room temp carbonation from same batch |
4,877 | My instructions that came with my kit said that I should let the bottles sit for 3 days, then age in the fridge for 10 days. If I don't refrigerate, will I get bottle bombs?
Advice on forums and other places says to leave them in the bottle for two weeks or even upwards of a month, I doubt every brewer has enough fridge space to store 5+ gallons of beer for 1 or 2 months. So, I am inclined to think they won't blow, unless I bottle with too much unfermented sugar in them.
Will leaving them out in room temp, cause them to pop?
Are there any other reasons for me to refrigerate my beer, aside from taste? | 2011/08/18 | [
"https://homebrew.stackexchange.com/questions/4877",
"https://homebrew.stackexchange.com",
"https://homebrew.stackexchange.com/users/1584/"
] | As it is 2019, I would like to add a little nuance to this debate.
I have left multiple beers to condition at room temp for 7 days after bottling, and then put them in the fridge. They were tasty, carbonated, and totally fine to drink. That said, letting them condition for an extra week or two has made some of the IPAs I have brewed improve. I usually bottle a few 355ml bottles so I can pop one in every few days past 7 days to see how things are going.
Lately I have been brewing some really hazy stuff. The IPAs I'm going for are heavily dry hopped, and this usually results in some of the hop particulate/plant matter being left over in the beer. I think these hazy IPAs are usually much better fresh, as this leftover hop matter can result in the beer not aging as well as some other ales. It may be the case that 7 days room temp conditioning + a few days/one week in the fridge will be better for this style. I have bottled a batch and it is conditioning right now. I will try and get back once I have tasted a few at various stages (1 week room temp, 2 weeks, etc.) | I ferment ales until they stop making gas, typically 8-16 days. After that I leave them for around 3 weeks, 70 degrees, in the bottle, in the dark, upright. Never a problem! |
4,877 | My instructions that came with my kit said that I should let the bottles sit for 3 days, then age in the fridge for 10 days. If I don't refrigerate, will I get bottle bombs?
Advice on forums and other places says to leave them in the bottle for two weeks or even upwards of a month, I doubt every brewer has enough fridge space to store 5+ gallons of beer for 1 or 2 months. So, I am inclined to think they won't blow, unless I bottle with too much unfermented sugar in them.
Will leaving them out in room temp, cause them to pop?
Are there any other reasons for me to refrigerate my beer, aside from taste? | 2011/08/18 | [
"https://homebrew.stackexchange.com/questions/4877",
"https://homebrew.stackexchange.com",
"https://homebrew.stackexchange.com/users/1584/"
] | 3 days outside the fridge (at room temperature) is fine in my experience. I carbonate with unfermented beer (Speise) instead of sugar. | if you put the beer in the fridge after a week of bottling it will be a little flat but still it will taste better than cheap bear from the store . if you want to be safe wait 2 weeks befor putting in the fridge |
4,877 | My instructions that came with my kit said that I should let the bottles sit for 3 days, then age in the fridge for 10 days. If I don't refrigerate, will I get bottle bombs?
Advice on forums and other places says to leave them in the bottle for two weeks or even upwards of a month, I doubt every brewer has enough fridge space to store 5+ gallons of beer for 1 or 2 months. So, I am inclined to think they won't blow, unless I bottle with too much unfermented sugar in them.
Will leaving them out in room temp, cause them to pop?
Are there any other reasons for me to refrigerate my beer, aside from taste? | 2011/08/18 | [
"https://homebrew.stackexchange.com/questions/4877",
"https://homebrew.stackexchange.com",
"https://homebrew.stackexchange.com/users/1584/"
] | For lighter beers I usually try to store as many in the fridge as possible because the longer fridge time will help them clarify in the bottle before you open them (if that is pertinent to the style and/or important to you). Of course this is after at least 2 weeks of priming time outside the fridge at about 70 degs.
I have also had some brews that maybe I bottled too early or otherwise I noticed they were overcarbonated or had a bottle explode. For these types I would definitely rush them all into the fridge to stop the yeast from carbonating any further. | I ferment ales until they stop making gas, typically 8-16 days. After that I leave them for around 3 weeks, 70 degrees, in the bottle, in the dark, upright. Never a problem! |
4,877 | My instructions that came with my kit said that I should let the bottles sit for 3 days, then age in the fridge for 10 days. If I don't refrigerate, will I get bottle bombs?
Advice on forums and other places says to leave them in the bottle for two weeks or even upwards of a month, I doubt every brewer has enough fridge space to store 5+ gallons of beer for 1 or 2 months. So, I am inclined to think they won't blow, unless I bottle with too much unfermented sugar in them.
Will leaving them out in room temp, cause them to pop?
Are there any other reasons for me to refrigerate my beer, aside from taste? | 2011/08/18 | [
"https://homebrew.stackexchange.com/questions/4877",
"https://homebrew.stackexchange.com",
"https://homebrew.stackexchange.com/users/1584/"
] | You'll only get bottle bombs if you over-prime or bottle too early (or have an infection). The difference between fridge, celler and even hot (80-100+°F) temps will not cause a normally-carbonated beer to explode, or it'd be happening commercially all the time.
That being said, heat and temp fluctuations aren't ideal for your beer.
Make sure fermentation is finished when you bottle. Don't over-prime. Be clean. Then just keep the bottles in the coldest darkest place you have access to. | As it is 2019, I would like to add a little nuance to this debate.
I have left multiple beers to condition at room temp for 7 days after bottling, and then put them in the fridge. They were tasty, carbonated, and totally fine to drink. That said, letting them condition for an extra week or two has made some of the IPAs I have brewed improve. I usually bottle a few 355ml bottles so I can pop one in every few days past 7 days to see how things are going.
Lately I have been brewing some really hazy stuff. The IPAs I'm going for are heavily dry hopped, and this usually results in some of the hop particulate/plant matter being left over in the beer. I think these hazy IPAs are usually much better fresh, as this leftover hop matter can result in the beer not aging as well as some other ales. It may be the case that 7 days room temp conditioning + a few days/one week in the fridge will be better for this style. I have bottled a batch and it is conditioning right now. I will try and get back once I have tasted a few at various stages (1 week room temp, 2 weeks, etc.) |
120,081 | We bought our house 6 months ago, found out our well is 305 ft deep, our neighbords (200 yards away) don't have water issues so I know it can't be dry and their well is shallower than ours. If we run our water for 45 min we will have no water in the house at all. (Like wash clothes and water veg garden) then we have to wait an hour or so for the system to fullback up and we will have water again. we have replaced the pressure set on our pressure tank and checked to make sure we had water in the well and had a plumber come out and make sure we had no leaks (he couldn't tell us what was wrong because he doesn't do wells ). Any idea why we could be running out of water? | 2017/07/24 | [
"https://diy.stackexchange.com/questions/120081",
"https://diy.stackexchange.com",
"https://diy.stackexchange.com/users/73471/"
] | 200 yards is a long way when it comes to drilled wells. I'm probably that far *downhill* of one that is filled to the top, and mine has a static level 100 feet down. Your neighbors may also use water differently than you do.
You appear to be overpumping your well (taking water out faster than it flows in) - You evidently have one piece of data (305 foot depth) but lack many others: depth of pump setting, information about the pump, flow-rate measured at time of drilling the well, static water level, diameter of well - some of those you may be able to gather, or find from the company that drilled the well in the first place.
On your own, you can shut off everything that uses water, wait a while (preferably several hours or more) to let the well fill to the maximum static level, and then fill buckets as fast as possible to try and determine what your effective storage capacity above the pump is. When the well stops, wait an hour and repeat, and THAT will tell you the effective refill rate:
If you pull 200 gallons the first time and 50 gallons the second, you are getting 50 gallons per hour (more or less - since time passes as you fill the buckets) - which is less than one gallon per minute. That can be plenty of water if you don't overdo it (watering the garden can take a LOT of water, depending how you do that - changing to drip irrigation might cut down the rate of use a lot, .vs. sprinklers, say) and have reasonable storage capacity ( in this hypothetical example, the first 200 gallons, or 4 hours with of inflow) to allow for washing, bathtubs, and refilling toilets, etc.
If you require more flow than your well provides and any water conserving measures you are willing to take are not enough, you can have the well worked on by a well-drilling (or well-servicing - often the same, but not always) company in various ways - hydrofracking being perhaps the most trendy (pumping in high-pressure water to open up cracks in the rock to allow water to flow in faster) - unfortunately, it's usually fairly expensive and results are generally not guaranteed. | You may be exceeding the flow rate of the well. I have seen wells within 100' have vastly different rates. Another possibility is your pump is overheating and shutting down.
Did you have a flow test on the well when you purchased the property many loans require 5 gallons per minute for 2-3 hours. A person that performs flow tests can check your water level by dropping a meter down the vent, when they hit water they check the distance. |
11,843,292 | Somehow TFS Power Tools thinks my file is checked out, it won't let me check-out because that option is greyed out.
When I look in windows explorer I see my file with the little pen icon overlay. When I right-click and go to "Team Foundation Server", I choose undo but then get the message "There are no changes to undo in the selection or any children of the selection". If I right-click and go to Check-In then I get the message "no pending changes".
When I open source control explorer in Visual Studio it shows no pending changes for the file.
Can anyone please advise any steps I can take to resolve? | 2012/08/07 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/11843292",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/41169/"
] | Can it be that the file is checked out by you on another workspace?
Go to VStudio & check "Team Members" under Team Explorer. Right-click on yourself & select "Show pending changes". This should show all your checked out items, across all workspaces/worstations. You can also undo it there.
Eventually, in order to find out what is happening with your file go in VS to
"File">"Source Control">"Find in Source Control">"Status"
Select the path to your module & hit 'find'. This should reveal if any other person has this file checked out | Seems strange, lets check common scenarios:
1. File is actually not checked-out but shown as checked-out in explorer
=> Please try to checkout file through VS, if you can, there is definitely some problem in Power Tools integration to Source COntrol. Restart machine. If problem is same then it might be case TFS credentials are different from Login windows credentials, status don't update sometimes.
2. File has set property of single check out by Admin & checked- out by anyone else thus preventing you from either check-out or check-in also undo checkout is not possible for same reason.
3. Create new workspace or try on other machine with different workspace.
=> Some times workspace conflicts, multiple mapping of same directory through multiple workspace creates problems.
4. Power Tools installation is corrupted or incompatible with some other extension.
=> Many a times, frequent abrupt power-off or etc corrupts software, reinstall latest Power tools. If problem persists, check if some other extension for VS or windows shell is not interrupting functioning.
Hope that helps, if not, let me know with more details like installed extensions, power tools version/ update installed. |
434,120 | I recorded a video with my iPhone 12 mini with iOS 15 and I see that the lights at night are overly bright:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/sRDgq.jpg)
How can I fix it? | 2021/12/27 | [
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/434120",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/users/20338/"
] | The first thing to always consider when shooting a scene with extreme difference between the darkest & lightest parts is that the human eye has perhaps 5 times the dynamic range of any camera. With a camera you are always going to have to either compress the exposure range, or let one or both extremes 'escape'.
You have two issues other than exposure:
1. [Lens flare](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens_flare), the horizontal stripes - which is probably a greasy lens.
2. [Veiling flare](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veiling_glare) [or glare], which is what happens when a bright light source is shining into the lens from an angle, causing light to bounce around inside the camera body. This causes almost a 'foggy' appearance & reduces the contrast considerably.
Unless you are using [multiple bracketed exposures](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bracketing) for scenes with [high dynamic range](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range) [HDR], which you can only really do for stills, then for night shoots on a fully automatic system such as the iPhone you do need to run a couple of test shots. A camera set to 'day' mode of any sort will automatically expose to give a general 'mid grey'. Smartphones will usually post-process this to increase contrast anyway, but that's where they will start.
Exposing for mid-grey at night will make the entire scene too bright, so 'night mode' will be designed for a lower overall grey level. in effect the auto-exposure will just lower what it considers 'correct'. This will bring everything down to make night look like night instead of trying to push it to day.
If you use an app that can fix the exposure, this is usually your best bet. Prevent the camera from guessing & tell it what it should do instead. In manual mode you can also dictate the colour temperature - whether or not to treat yellow street lights as 'white' & balance everything accordingly, or allow them to remain yellow. This is an artistic choice.
You can bring down the exposure manually after the fact, but where the lamp centres are has already been blown-out. There is no detail left in those areas, the RGB values are 255, 255, 255 so any reduction is just going to treat them as white & reduce to grey. Your eyes assume those centres are still blue-green or orange, but actually they're not, they're white.
No amount of post processing can kill the two flares though. The 'damage' has been done.
* Veiling flare is often caused by a light outside the frame, at a sharp angle to the lens. if this is the case you could shield the lens as you shoot. Hold up a hand slightly in front & out of shot & wave it around. You'll see the flare vanish as you shade the correct area.
* The hard flare directly from the lights you can attempt to fix by cleaning it ;) Lens flare is likely to still be there in some quantity as all lenses will exhibit this to some degree, but only anamorphic lenses usually flare out that much without encouragement.
I gave the still a quick run through Photoshop to see where I could get. I think it's 'better', ie looks more like night & I've masked a little of the veiling flare, but the lens flares & lamp centres cannot be 'fixed'.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/bG7gQ.jpg) | Here's an example of reducing the hard flare directly from the lights by cleaning the lens, as suggested by [Tetsujin](https://apple.stackexchange.com/users/85275/tetsujin).
Before cleaning the lens:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/f35tG.jpg)
After cleaning the lens:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/hiBlc.jpg)
With iPhone 12 mini running on iOS 15. Lens cleaned with Uniqlo Heattech t-shirt (34% polyester, 34% rayon, 27% acrylic, 5% spandex). |
58,393 | In a Russian document I'm translating, an HPLC system is used to analyse the amino acid content of a substance.
>
> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/AoSiZ.png)
>
>
>
The detector wavelength is set at 262 nm for "secondary amino acids" and 338 nm for "primary amino acids". But what are those?
I googled and found a lot of mentions with exactly these wavelengths being used, but I haven't been able to quickly understand how a "primary" amino acid differs from a "secondary" one. Is it that the secondary amino acids are the products of the destruction of the primary amino acids (those that initially existed in the substance)?
What is the difference between a "primary amino acid" and a "secondary amino acid"? | 2017/04/14 | [
"https://biology.stackexchange.com/questions/58393",
"https://biology.stackexchange.com",
"https://biology.stackexchange.com/users/5009/"
] | I would guess that 'secondary' refers to amino acids that have been derivatized in some way, possibly by reacting with [o-phthalaldehyde](https://www.agilent.com/cs/library/slidepresentation/Public/Amino%20Acid%20Analysis_062410_Rita%20Steed.pdf). (To measure the fluorescence of an OPA-derivatized amino acid, you excite at 340 nm, so I presume the derivative will absorb at this wavelength?). | Based on the reference I read for my biochem exam, secondary amino acids are those which are made of primary amino acids by adding some materials to them for ex :
1. hydroxylysine is made by hydroxilation of lysine
2. cystine is made by integrating two cysteins so cysteine is primary but cystine is secondary
3. etc but in other references the explanation maybe different :) |
84,167 | While using "Two class neural network" in Azure ML, I encountered "Momentum" property. As per [documentation](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/machine-learning/studio-module-reference/neural-network-regression), which is not clear, it says
>
> For The momentum, type a value to apply during learning as a weight on
> nodes from previous iterations.
>
>
>
Although that is not very clear. Can someone please explain? | 2020/10/18 | [
"https://datascience.stackexchange.com/questions/84167",
"https://datascience.stackexchange.com",
"https://datascience.stackexchange.com/users/61445/"
] | Momentum in neural networks is a **variant of the *stochastic gradient descent***. It replaces the gradient with a *momentum* which is an aggregate of gradients as very well explained [here](https://towardsdatascience.com/10-gradient-descent-optimisation-algorithms-86989510b5e9).
It is also the common name given to the *momentum factor*, as in your case.
**Maths**
The momentum factor is a coefficient that is applied to an extra term in the weights update:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/WTOTg.jpg)
*Note*: image from [visual studio magazine post](https://visualstudiomagazine.com/articles/2017/08/01/neural-network-momentum.aspx#:%7E:text=Neural%20network%20momentum%20is%20a,known%2C%20correct%2C%20target%20values.)
**Advantages**
Beside others, momentum is known to speed up learning and to help not getting stuck in local minima.
**Intuition behind**
As it is really nicely explained in [this quora post](https://www.quora.com/What-is-an-intuitive-explanation-of-momentum-in-training-neural-networks), the momentum comes from physics:
>
> Momentum is a physical property that enables a particular object with
> mass to continue in it's trajectory even when an external opposing
> force is applied, this means overshoot. For example, one speeds up a
> car and then suddenly hits the brakes, the car will skid and stop
> after a short distance overshooting the mark on the ground.
>
>
> The same
> concept applies to neural networks, during training the update
> direction tends to resist change when momentum is added to the update
> scheme. When the neural net approaches a shallow local minimum it's
> like applying brakes but not sufficient to instantly affect the update
> direction and magnitude. Hence the neural nets trained this way will
> overshoot past smaller local minima points and only stop in a deeper
> global minimum.
>
>
> Thus momentum in neural nets helps them get out of
> local minima points so that a more important global minimum is found.
> Too much of momentum may create issues as well as systems that are not
> stable may create oscillations that grow in magnitude, in such cases
> one needs to add decay terms and so on. It's just physics applied to
> neural net training or numerical optimizations.
>
>
>
**In video**
[This video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qhWperPtnas) shows a backpropagation for different momentum values.
**Other interesting posts**
[How does the momentum term for backpropagation algorithm work?](https://cs.stackexchange.com/questions/31874/how-does-the-momentum-term-for-backpropagation-algorithm-work)
Hope it helps. | As a non formal definition and non thorough, you can understand momentum in the gradient descent as an inertia.
So when you are doing down the hill in the optimization problem you just add "momentum" to the descending and it helps with things as noise in the data, saddle points and stuff like that.
For a more thorough analysis see <https://towardsdatascience.com/stochastic-gradient-descent-with-momentum-a84097641a5d>
This is not dependent on azure but common in all NN |
84,167 | While using "Two class neural network" in Azure ML, I encountered "Momentum" property. As per [documentation](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/machine-learning/studio-module-reference/neural-network-regression), which is not clear, it says
>
> For The momentum, type a value to apply during learning as a weight on
> nodes from previous iterations.
>
>
>
Although that is not very clear. Can someone please explain? | 2020/10/18 | [
"https://datascience.stackexchange.com/questions/84167",
"https://datascience.stackexchange.com",
"https://datascience.stackexchange.com/users/61445/"
] | As a non formal definition and non thorough, you can understand momentum in the gradient descent as an inertia.
So when you are doing down the hill in the optimization problem you just add "momentum" to the descending and it helps with things as noise in the data, saddle points and stuff like that.
For a more thorough analysis see <https://towardsdatascience.com/stochastic-gradient-descent-with-momentum-a84097641a5d>
This is not dependent on azure but common in all NN | Momentum is a technique to prevent sensitive movement. When the gradient gets computed every iteration, it can have totally different direction and the steps make a zigzag path, which makes training very slow. Something like this.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/epW89.jpg)
To prevent this from happening, momentum kind of stabilizes this movement.
You can find more in the [Following Article](https://ai-pool.com/a/s/optimization-methods--gradient-descent) |
84,167 | While using "Two class neural network" in Azure ML, I encountered "Momentum" property. As per [documentation](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/machine-learning/studio-module-reference/neural-network-regression), which is not clear, it says
>
> For The momentum, type a value to apply during learning as a weight on
> nodes from previous iterations.
>
>
>
Although that is not very clear. Can someone please explain? | 2020/10/18 | [
"https://datascience.stackexchange.com/questions/84167",
"https://datascience.stackexchange.com",
"https://datascience.stackexchange.com/users/61445/"
] | Momentum in neural networks is a **variant of the *stochastic gradient descent***. It replaces the gradient with a *momentum* which is an aggregate of gradients as very well explained [here](https://towardsdatascience.com/10-gradient-descent-optimisation-algorithms-86989510b5e9).
It is also the common name given to the *momentum factor*, as in your case.
**Maths**
The momentum factor is a coefficient that is applied to an extra term in the weights update:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/WTOTg.jpg)
*Note*: image from [visual studio magazine post](https://visualstudiomagazine.com/articles/2017/08/01/neural-network-momentum.aspx#:%7E:text=Neural%20network%20momentum%20is%20a,known%2C%20correct%2C%20target%20values.)
**Advantages**
Beside others, momentum is known to speed up learning and to help not getting stuck in local minima.
**Intuition behind**
As it is really nicely explained in [this quora post](https://www.quora.com/What-is-an-intuitive-explanation-of-momentum-in-training-neural-networks), the momentum comes from physics:
>
> Momentum is a physical property that enables a particular object with
> mass to continue in it's trajectory even when an external opposing
> force is applied, this means overshoot. For example, one speeds up a
> car and then suddenly hits the brakes, the car will skid and stop
> after a short distance overshooting the mark on the ground.
>
>
> The same
> concept applies to neural networks, during training the update
> direction tends to resist change when momentum is added to the update
> scheme. When the neural net approaches a shallow local minimum it's
> like applying brakes but not sufficient to instantly affect the update
> direction and magnitude. Hence the neural nets trained this way will
> overshoot past smaller local minima points and only stop in a deeper
> global minimum.
>
>
> Thus momentum in neural nets helps them get out of
> local minima points so that a more important global minimum is found.
> Too much of momentum may create issues as well as systems that are not
> stable may create oscillations that grow in magnitude, in such cases
> one needs to add decay terms and so on. It's just physics applied to
> neural net training or numerical optimizations.
>
>
>
**In video**
[This video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qhWperPtnas) shows a backpropagation for different momentum values.
**Other interesting posts**
[How does the momentum term for backpropagation algorithm work?](https://cs.stackexchange.com/questions/31874/how-does-the-momentum-term-for-backpropagation-algorithm-work)
Hope it helps. | Momentum is a technique to prevent sensitive movement. When the gradient gets computed every iteration, it can have totally different direction and the steps make a zigzag path, which makes training very slow. Something like this.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/epW89.jpg)
To prevent this from happening, momentum kind of stabilizes this movement.
You can find more in the [Following Article](https://ai-pool.com/a/s/optimization-methods--gradient-descent) |
18,338 | As far as I know, a lot of cards (in TCG world) are stopped being produced (and available in stores) at some point. Is there a known life span for Android Netrunner expansions? For example is there a known life span such as 2 years at which the "Genesis" six-pack will no longer be produced and available in stores so if you don't get it until then you'll have to get it second-hand from somewhere? | 2014/07/23 | [
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/questions/18338",
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com",
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/users/8102/"
] | Theoretically? I don't see them ending production on a specific cycle. The way Fantasy Flight talks and creates cards, they plan on keeping all of those options available for the future. The LCG philosophy makes it so that no one person is going to wreck another one because of the super power of money.
Realisticly? I'm sure FFG will find a time in the future (given that Netrunner continues to run for a long time) where they don't see as many sales of the older cycles. At that point, I can see the company doing one of two things: they will either roll up an entire cycle and sell it as a bulk set at less of a price (say the entire Spin Cycle as one whole purchase) or they will try and discontinue the set and put it into archive.
All of that being said, my suggestion to you is to NOT be behind more then one cycle of cards. Right now, if you don't have the whole Genesis Cycle, you need to get it. Also, if you don't have a few packs of the Spin Cycle, you're a little behind. And if you don't have Creation and Control, I feel that your deck building options aren't as robust as they could be. I'm not saying you won't be able to make a deck. But the newer cycles, C&C and H&P all have some 'golden' cards that are defining the meta of the game right now. You can still play, but competitive play will be seeing people playing along with the meta.
EDIT:
A few months ago, FFG did mention that they will be cycling out current sets of cards as being tournament viable. Much the same way that Magic has a Type 1 and Type 2, Netrunner will only have the latest 6 cycles active at any one time. Meaning that when we get to the 8th cycle, Genesis and Spin cycle will be phased out of tournament play. This does NOT mean that they'll end production on these cards, but it's a pretty good guess. | FFG made some promise when they started their LCG (Living Card Game) model, and this promise includes the fact that there should never ever be a concept of rarity in their card game. All cards should be as easily accessible.
This also includes the fact that they will re-produce older packs if there is a demand. |
18,338 | As far as I know, a lot of cards (in TCG world) are stopped being produced (and available in stores) at some point. Is there a known life span for Android Netrunner expansions? For example is there a known life span such as 2 years at which the "Genesis" six-pack will no longer be produced and available in stores so if you don't get it until then you'll have to get it second-hand from somewhere? | 2014/07/23 | [
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/questions/18338",
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com",
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/users/8102/"
] | All packs will just be produced for a couple of years. When the production is stopped, you can't play with the cards at tournaments any more.
When the production of the first pack in the eight cycle has started the production of the first two cycles will stop and the cards will be banned from tournaments. The same thing will happen when the production of the first pack in the tenth cycle has started but with the third and fourth cycle instead.
Here is a link to more information:
<https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/news/2014/11/5/a-new-stage-of-growth/> | FFG made some promise when they started their LCG (Living Card Game) model, and this promise includes the fact that there should never ever be a concept of rarity in their card game. All cards should be as easily accessible.
This also includes the fact that they will re-produce older packs if there is a demand. |
18,338 | As far as I know, a lot of cards (in TCG world) are stopped being produced (and available in stores) at some point. Is there a known life span for Android Netrunner expansions? For example is there a known life span such as 2 years at which the "Genesis" six-pack will no longer be produced and available in stores so if you don't get it until then you'll have to get it second-hand from somewhere? | 2014/07/23 | [
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/questions/18338",
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com",
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/users/8102/"
] | All packs will just be produced for a couple of years. When the production is stopped, you can't play with the cards at tournaments any more.
When the production of the first pack in the eight cycle has started the production of the first two cycles will stop and the cards will be banned from tournaments. The same thing will happen when the production of the first pack in the tenth cycle has started but with the third and fourth cycle instead.
Here is a link to more information:
<https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/news/2014/11/5/a-new-stage-of-growth/> | Theoretically? I don't see them ending production on a specific cycle. The way Fantasy Flight talks and creates cards, they plan on keeping all of those options available for the future. The LCG philosophy makes it so that no one person is going to wreck another one because of the super power of money.
Realisticly? I'm sure FFG will find a time in the future (given that Netrunner continues to run for a long time) where they don't see as many sales of the older cycles. At that point, I can see the company doing one of two things: they will either roll up an entire cycle and sell it as a bulk set at less of a price (say the entire Spin Cycle as one whole purchase) or they will try and discontinue the set and put it into archive.
All of that being said, my suggestion to you is to NOT be behind more then one cycle of cards. Right now, if you don't have the whole Genesis Cycle, you need to get it. Also, if you don't have a few packs of the Spin Cycle, you're a little behind. And if you don't have Creation and Control, I feel that your deck building options aren't as robust as they could be. I'm not saying you won't be able to make a deck. But the newer cycles, C&C and H&P all have some 'golden' cards that are defining the meta of the game right now. You can still play, but competitive play will be seeing people playing along with the meta.
EDIT:
A few months ago, FFG did mention that they will be cycling out current sets of cards as being tournament viable. Much the same way that Magic has a Type 1 and Type 2, Netrunner will only have the latest 6 cycles active at any one time. Meaning that when we get to the 8th cycle, Genesis and Spin cycle will be phased out of tournament play. This does NOT mean that they'll end production on these cards, but it's a pretty good guess. |
19,876 | This thought was inspired by [Serban Tanasa's question](https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/19870/stealing-luck-for-fun-and-profit) regarding engineering one's luck, since luck is time variant (depends explicitly upon time) and a fifth or higher dimensional being "can" experiences all alternate times at once... remember in physics class when teacher mentioned a particular counter-intuitive fact about quantum physics of double slit is that the present can affect the past however this is irrelevent right now only an [interesting fact](http://secondnexus.com/technology-and-innovation/physicists-demonstrate-how-time-can-seem-to-run-backward-and-the-future-can-affect-the-past/).
My question is since a higher dimensional being is capable of omni-experiencing-and-perceiving-all-times since big bang till end of time or perhap time is looping, can they feel lucky? or let's stretch our imagination further since we have multiple spatial dimensions maybe these beings see area or volume of time and luck applies differently than ours, a possibility.
Note:
Fifth dimensions mean 3 spatial dimensions your length, width and height and 2 timelines. Or some may argue it is 4 spatial dimensions plus 1 timeline it doesn't matters so long the beings can affect the past, present and future simultaneously.
Suppose we see the being drops a vase and it is accelerated towards the ground, from the being perspective there are numerous amount of same vase at different heights and on some timelines the vase neither existed nor broken. The being can also see the fragments reassemble back into a vase while levitating off the ground.
Imagine walking down a street where you sees many copies of younger and older self each doing different things and in one of the timelines you are either dead or never existed. | 2015/06/30 | [
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/19876",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/users/8400/"
] | Using some handwaves, you could do this with advanced probability computing.
For instance, if one of the immutable laws of the universe is that there is a finite amount of "Luck" available at any time, and that "luck" can be altered by doing the math, then you have luck "mining" by simply having that technology only available to the elite. Additional immutable laws could come into play by having luck attract luck (and vice versa) so that the lucky get luckier and the unlucky get unluckier.
For example, you have two people playing roulette - one of the technocrats and one of the proles. Our prole has no access to this probability calculating technology, wheras our technocrat does. Our technocrat can use his computing advantage to calculate what numbers to play based on every single variable - from the way the roulette operator rolls the ball to the temperature of the room. this gives him a significant advantage. The laws of the universe as handwaved above would then increase this advantage for each prior "lucky" moment.
Combine this with the huge advantage of information such connectivity could bring and you have a powerful "lucky", well informed elite and an unlucky lower class with an information disadvantage. | Try to get out this dimension by meditation, then you will be multidimensional being, as that you can know and do whatever you wish in multidimensional universe or multiverse. Then you can see all possible life's and achieve your goal. Easy :)
Mathematically, you will be live unlimited parallel lives with different outcome or end.
But you will know all that in this one presence, so like there can be only one, who is wake is like who is live others are like sleepers. Can't achieve what you wish to do.
Sentence Jhvh Jehovah men's that brate mudri. |
19,876 | This thought was inspired by [Serban Tanasa's question](https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/19870/stealing-luck-for-fun-and-profit) regarding engineering one's luck, since luck is time variant (depends explicitly upon time) and a fifth or higher dimensional being "can" experiences all alternate times at once... remember in physics class when teacher mentioned a particular counter-intuitive fact about quantum physics of double slit is that the present can affect the past however this is irrelevent right now only an [interesting fact](http://secondnexus.com/technology-and-innovation/physicists-demonstrate-how-time-can-seem-to-run-backward-and-the-future-can-affect-the-past/).
My question is since a higher dimensional being is capable of omni-experiencing-and-perceiving-all-times since big bang till end of time or perhap time is looping, can they feel lucky? or let's stretch our imagination further since we have multiple spatial dimensions maybe these beings see area or volume of time and luck applies differently than ours, a possibility.
Note:
Fifth dimensions mean 3 spatial dimensions your length, width and height and 2 timelines. Or some may argue it is 4 spatial dimensions plus 1 timeline it doesn't matters so long the beings can affect the past, present and future simultaneously.
Suppose we see the being drops a vase and it is accelerated towards the ground, from the being perspective there are numerous amount of same vase at different heights and on some timelines the vase neither existed nor broken. The being can also see the fragments reassemble back into a vase while levitating off the ground.
Imagine walking down a street where you sees many copies of younger and older self each doing different things and in one of the timelines you are either dead or never existed. | 2015/06/30 | [
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/19876",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/users/8400/"
] | The problem with 'Luck' is that it is a human concept applied to the quantum workings of the universe, which itself does not care if one macroscopic system is favoured by the vagaries of chance while another is harmed by the vagaries of chance, or is also favoured, or has no net benefit or loss from its point of view.
Put more simply: Our universe simply doesn't care how many people get lucky or unlucky.
This leaves us with two possibilities:
1. The universe described in the question is *different* to our own, and is quite probably (though not definitely) an anthropically-oriented simulation, (possibly matrix-like in which sentient beings are beings out-of-universe who are plugged into the simulation, though it does not necessarily follow that they *must* be plug-ins, and are not entirely simulated themselves), in which subjective luck is a limited resource,
or:
2. The creators of the technology that 'transfers' 'luck' (i.e. net benefit or harm to living beings) deliberately included an unnecessary component that negatively affects non-target beings at the same time as it positively affects target beings, according to the net gain or loss inferred on targets and non-targets, based on the subjective appraisal of said gain/loss by all beings within its area of effect.
In the case of option 1, this could be an experiment on the effects of an anthropically-oriented universe as opposed to our impersonal universe.
In the case of option 2, the creators of the luck transference technology/magic must either had the mistaken assumption that luck is a universally-limited resource rather than mere localised quantum variations that could be influenced without affecting other localities, or they must have - with malice aforethought - set out to ensure that the device they created had no *net* subjective benefit or harm to the beings in its area of influence.
The reason for this may be simple malice, or there may be a more subtle, probably legally-oriented reason. For example: the government in the time and place that the device(s) was(were) created may have had some arcane legal requirement that equated imposition of health benefits with financial gain, and that in order to avoid that government's tax laws that would have seen the device's owners taxed according to the net benefit it bestowed, chose to have it impose no *net* benefit, by causing low-level harm to a large number of non-targets commensurate with the benefit gained by the low numbers of target individuals.
As to how it works - that depends on the two cases above.
In Case 1, the simulation/different universe: The luckiness or unluckiness of an individual is determined by the generation of a random number in the simulation engine. Luck transference *to* an individual or group may occur by having a subroutine pick better values out of a buffer of truly random data that is otherwise streamed sequentially as randomness is required, leaving the less-lucky values for everyone else.
In Case 2, our own universe or a reasonable facsimile: The world may be seeded with nanites that are able to change living beings and influence otherwise random outcomes for better or worse relative to the living beings between them. Due to the requirement that the entire system confer no net gain or loss as subjectively assessed by those living beings, they would be networked, forming a distributed intelligence, reading peoples' minds and imposing 'luckiness' or 'unluckiness' according to their/its target criteria, the entire system designed to produce no *net* gain or loss except over short, non-reportable periods.
How? The nanites might read an individual's intent, and assess the likelihood that the actions they were performing would lead to a subjectively positive or negative outcome, and if necessary alter those actions by something as simple as adding or subtracting a few nerve impulses here and there so that an individual's actions were unexpectedly successful or otherwise, or someone had (or didn't have) a particular worthwhile thought or idea, or they might correct or create a genetic or immunological deficiency that would lead to cancer or disease immunity.
Either way, luck *transference* can probably be put down to someone quite a while ago making the informed decision to make a lot of people's lives more miserable than necessary. | Here are some ideas, in ascending order of technomagic:
**Working the Mines of the Favored**
The Old Machines hate gravity enough to choose to live in LEO (Low Earth Orbit), yet the Earth is one of the main supply sources for Uranium and Thorium (fusion has sadly remained uneconomical, at least at the vision-sensor-gouging rates the masters of the Gas Giants have been charging the past few millenia). So the Earth is an open mining pit for radioactive nucleides, with all the radiation sickness that implies.
**Keeping Prols for Spare Parts**
The Earth-bound population consists of genetic clones of the Master copies in orbit and are treated in much the same way people today interact with a supply closet, with the occasional 'angelic' grabbing claw dragging an unfortunate (and relatively healthy) victim to their sad fate, leaving behind an occasionally renewed population of mostly defectives and rejects.
**Reality Engineering**
The technology of the favored includes limited prescience regarding their subjects (possibly due to detailed quantum simulations of reality ran by Oracles in LEO) allowing their robotic servant unprecedented control over the most intimate and relevant details of the lives of their subjects, which enables the favored to intervene at critical juncture points to prevent credible opposition within their rule-domain to even become a possibility. |
19,876 | This thought was inspired by [Serban Tanasa's question](https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/19870/stealing-luck-for-fun-and-profit) regarding engineering one's luck, since luck is time variant (depends explicitly upon time) and a fifth or higher dimensional being "can" experiences all alternate times at once... remember in physics class when teacher mentioned a particular counter-intuitive fact about quantum physics of double slit is that the present can affect the past however this is irrelevent right now only an [interesting fact](http://secondnexus.com/technology-and-innovation/physicists-demonstrate-how-time-can-seem-to-run-backward-and-the-future-can-affect-the-past/).
My question is since a higher dimensional being is capable of omni-experiencing-and-perceiving-all-times since big bang till end of time or perhap time is looping, can they feel lucky? or let's stretch our imagination further since we have multiple spatial dimensions maybe these beings see area or volume of time and luck applies differently than ours, a possibility.
Note:
Fifth dimensions mean 3 spatial dimensions your length, width and height and 2 timelines. Or some may argue it is 4 spatial dimensions plus 1 timeline it doesn't matters so long the beings can affect the past, present and future simultaneously.
Suppose we see the being drops a vase and it is accelerated towards the ground, from the being perspective there are numerous amount of same vase at different heights and on some timelines the vase neither existed nor broken. The being can also see the fragments reassemble back into a vase while levitating off the ground.
Imagine walking down a street where you sees many copies of younger and older self each doing different things and in one of the timelines you are either dead or never existed. | 2015/06/30 | [
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/19876",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/users/8400/"
] | From the clues in the backstory, it seems the *Gerontocracy of the Favored* is based on some sort of technological version of magic, altering probability.
This would be very difficult to explain without a lot of handwavium (hands moving at almost *c*), and also depends a bit on which version of the quantum universe you believe in.
In the "Many Worlds" interpretation, every event is played out, so in "otherwhen" a version of you is not drinking the warm drink you have in your hand right now (or alternatively, you don't have the drink, but one of the infinite number of your counterparts in otherwhen does...). In other words, for every decision you make or don't make, every possible outcome happens. The *Gerontocracy of the Favored* have therefore discovered a way to manipulate or otherwise access the "many worlds" and direct themselves along the pathways that mostly favour themselves. This will be difficult even with Clarke tech level magic, since not only do you have to anticipate and determine future outcomes for an almost infinite number of possibilities, but you have to do so in such a way that the average outcome is more favourable to a group of individuals, which is exponentially more difficult.
If manipulating quantum reality is a bit too much (this would be pretty much a post singularity landscape, and your hero would be wandering around essentially as an extra in *someone else's* dream), then you could simplify things a bit by postulating a cluster of AI's which could take input from a vast number of sensors and using game theory, probability tables and other statistical methods, advise the *Gerontocracy of the Favored* of what paths lead to the best possible outcomes. Once again, this runs into the problem of averaging out the outcomes over a group; outcome A may favour me over you, outcome B may favourite you over me but outcome C, while not optimum for either of us, is better than other outcomes for both of us. This is a variation of some forms of game theory.
The problem with either form of "magic" is twofold.
The fundamental problem is known as the "[Local Knowledge Problem](https://fee.org/articles/hayek-the-knowledge-problem/)", and was postulated by economist F.A. Hayek. Hayek observed that information is subtle and diffused in any system (this applies to markets, climate, ecosystems or other complex, adaptive systems) and local actors can observe and act upon this information far faster than any centralized system. By the time the information makes it up the chain, is observed, a decision made and the order to action given and passed down the chain, the conditions will have changed (either a little or a lot), leading to cumulative errors building up in a positive feedback loop. This is why market economies with local actors with free agency will always outperform centralized command economies. Your *Gerontocracy of the Favored* might actually be a craptacular USSR written on a global scale, and while the *Gerontocracy* is better off than the ordinary people (much like the Soviet era Nomenklatura), compared to us from the far distant past they are not well off at all.
The second and probably more immediate issue lies in game theory. So long as the *Gerontocracy of the Favored* can hang together with common goals and are willing to accept individually sub optimal outcomes to preserve their overall ranking, they can be ahead of the others. Human nature (and possibly post human nature) being what it is, the various members making up the *Gerontocracy of the Favored* will probably end up seeking ways to optimize their own individual outcomes, leading to covert and even overt efforts to oust other members and seize resources for their own use. By the time your story starts, there may be only one member of the *Gerontocracy of the Favored* left "standing" as it were; the sole and absolute ruler of Earth.
As Dirty Harry would say in these circumstances: "Do you feel lucky?" | Here are some ideas, in ascending order of technomagic:
**Working the Mines of the Favored**
The Old Machines hate gravity enough to choose to live in LEO (Low Earth Orbit), yet the Earth is one of the main supply sources for Uranium and Thorium (fusion has sadly remained uneconomical, at least at the vision-sensor-gouging rates the masters of the Gas Giants have been charging the past few millenia). So the Earth is an open mining pit for radioactive nucleides, with all the radiation sickness that implies.
**Keeping Prols for Spare Parts**
The Earth-bound population consists of genetic clones of the Master copies in orbit and are treated in much the same way people today interact with a supply closet, with the occasional 'angelic' grabbing claw dragging an unfortunate (and relatively healthy) victim to their sad fate, leaving behind an occasionally renewed population of mostly defectives and rejects.
**Reality Engineering**
The technology of the favored includes limited prescience regarding their subjects (possibly due to detailed quantum simulations of reality ran by Oracles in LEO) allowing their robotic servant unprecedented control over the most intimate and relevant details of the lives of their subjects, which enables the favored to intervene at critical juncture points to prevent credible opposition within their rule-domain to even become a possibility. |
19,876 | This thought was inspired by [Serban Tanasa's question](https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/19870/stealing-luck-for-fun-and-profit) regarding engineering one's luck, since luck is time variant (depends explicitly upon time) and a fifth or higher dimensional being "can" experiences all alternate times at once... remember in physics class when teacher mentioned a particular counter-intuitive fact about quantum physics of double slit is that the present can affect the past however this is irrelevent right now only an [interesting fact](http://secondnexus.com/technology-and-innovation/physicists-demonstrate-how-time-can-seem-to-run-backward-and-the-future-can-affect-the-past/).
My question is since a higher dimensional being is capable of omni-experiencing-and-perceiving-all-times since big bang till end of time or perhap time is looping, can they feel lucky? or let's stretch our imagination further since we have multiple spatial dimensions maybe these beings see area or volume of time and luck applies differently than ours, a possibility.
Note:
Fifth dimensions mean 3 spatial dimensions your length, width and height and 2 timelines. Or some may argue it is 4 spatial dimensions plus 1 timeline it doesn't matters so long the beings can affect the past, present and future simultaneously.
Suppose we see the being drops a vase and it is accelerated towards the ground, from the being perspective there are numerous amount of same vase at different heights and on some timelines the vase neither existed nor broken. The being can also see the fragments reassemble back into a vase while levitating off the ground.
Imagine walking down a street where you sees many copies of younger and older self each doing different things and in one of the timelines you are either dead or never existed. | 2015/06/30 | [
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/19876",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/users/8400/"
] | Here are some ideas, in ascending order of technomagic:
**Working the Mines of the Favored**
The Old Machines hate gravity enough to choose to live in LEO (Low Earth Orbit), yet the Earth is one of the main supply sources for Uranium and Thorium (fusion has sadly remained uneconomical, at least at the vision-sensor-gouging rates the masters of the Gas Giants have been charging the past few millenia). So the Earth is an open mining pit for radioactive nucleides, with all the radiation sickness that implies.
**Keeping Prols for Spare Parts**
The Earth-bound population consists of genetic clones of the Master copies in orbit and are treated in much the same way people today interact with a supply closet, with the occasional 'angelic' grabbing claw dragging an unfortunate (and relatively healthy) victim to their sad fate, leaving behind an occasionally renewed population of mostly defectives and rejects.
**Reality Engineering**
The technology of the favored includes limited prescience regarding their subjects (possibly due to detailed quantum simulations of reality ran by Oracles in LEO) allowing their robotic servant unprecedented control over the most intimate and relevant details of the lives of their subjects, which enables the favored to intervene at critical juncture points to prevent credible opposition within their rule-domain to even become a possibility. | Try to get out this dimension by meditation, then you will be multidimensional being, as that you can know and do whatever you wish in multidimensional universe or multiverse. Then you can see all possible life's and achieve your goal. Easy :)
Mathematically, you will be live unlimited parallel lives with different outcome or end.
But you will know all that in this one presence, so like there can be only one, who is wake is like who is live others are like sleepers. Can't achieve what you wish to do.
Sentence Jhvh Jehovah men's that brate mudri. |
19,876 | This thought was inspired by [Serban Tanasa's question](https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/19870/stealing-luck-for-fun-and-profit) regarding engineering one's luck, since luck is time variant (depends explicitly upon time) and a fifth or higher dimensional being "can" experiences all alternate times at once... remember in physics class when teacher mentioned a particular counter-intuitive fact about quantum physics of double slit is that the present can affect the past however this is irrelevent right now only an [interesting fact](http://secondnexus.com/technology-and-innovation/physicists-demonstrate-how-time-can-seem-to-run-backward-and-the-future-can-affect-the-past/).
My question is since a higher dimensional being is capable of omni-experiencing-and-perceiving-all-times since big bang till end of time or perhap time is looping, can they feel lucky? or let's stretch our imagination further since we have multiple spatial dimensions maybe these beings see area or volume of time and luck applies differently than ours, a possibility.
Note:
Fifth dimensions mean 3 spatial dimensions your length, width and height and 2 timelines. Or some may argue it is 4 spatial dimensions plus 1 timeline it doesn't matters so long the beings can affect the past, present and future simultaneously.
Suppose we see the being drops a vase and it is accelerated towards the ground, from the being perspective there are numerous amount of same vase at different heights and on some timelines the vase neither existed nor broken. The being can also see the fragments reassemble back into a vase while levitating off the ground.
Imagine walking down a street where you sees many copies of younger and older self each doing different things and in one of the timelines you are either dead or never existed. | 2015/06/30 | [
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/19876",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/users/8400/"
] | From the clues in the backstory, it seems the *Gerontocracy of the Favored* is based on some sort of technological version of magic, altering probability.
This would be very difficult to explain without a lot of handwavium (hands moving at almost *c*), and also depends a bit on which version of the quantum universe you believe in.
In the "Many Worlds" interpretation, every event is played out, so in "otherwhen" a version of you is not drinking the warm drink you have in your hand right now (or alternatively, you don't have the drink, but one of the infinite number of your counterparts in otherwhen does...). In other words, for every decision you make or don't make, every possible outcome happens. The *Gerontocracy of the Favored* have therefore discovered a way to manipulate or otherwise access the "many worlds" and direct themselves along the pathways that mostly favour themselves. This will be difficult even with Clarke tech level magic, since not only do you have to anticipate and determine future outcomes for an almost infinite number of possibilities, but you have to do so in such a way that the average outcome is more favourable to a group of individuals, which is exponentially more difficult.
If manipulating quantum reality is a bit too much (this would be pretty much a post singularity landscape, and your hero would be wandering around essentially as an extra in *someone else's* dream), then you could simplify things a bit by postulating a cluster of AI's which could take input from a vast number of sensors and using game theory, probability tables and other statistical methods, advise the *Gerontocracy of the Favored* of what paths lead to the best possible outcomes. Once again, this runs into the problem of averaging out the outcomes over a group; outcome A may favour me over you, outcome B may favourite you over me but outcome C, while not optimum for either of us, is better than other outcomes for both of us. This is a variation of some forms of game theory.
The problem with either form of "magic" is twofold.
The fundamental problem is known as the "[Local Knowledge Problem](https://fee.org/articles/hayek-the-knowledge-problem/)", and was postulated by economist F.A. Hayek. Hayek observed that information is subtle and diffused in any system (this applies to markets, climate, ecosystems or other complex, adaptive systems) and local actors can observe and act upon this information far faster than any centralized system. By the time the information makes it up the chain, is observed, a decision made and the order to action given and passed down the chain, the conditions will have changed (either a little or a lot), leading to cumulative errors building up in a positive feedback loop. This is why market economies with local actors with free agency will always outperform centralized command economies. Your *Gerontocracy of the Favored* might actually be a craptacular USSR written on a global scale, and while the *Gerontocracy* is better off than the ordinary people (much like the Soviet era Nomenklatura), compared to us from the far distant past they are not well off at all.
The second and probably more immediate issue lies in game theory. So long as the *Gerontocracy of the Favored* can hang together with common goals and are willing to accept individually sub optimal outcomes to preserve their overall ranking, they can be ahead of the others. Human nature (and possibly post human nature) being what it is, the various members making up the *Gerontocracy of the Favored* will probably end up seeking ways to optimize their own individual outcomes, leading to covert and even overt efforts to oust other members and seize resources for their own use. By the time your story starts, there may be only one member of the *Gerontocracy of the Favored* left "standing" as it were; the sole and absolute ruler of Earth.
As Dirty Harry would say in these circumstances: "Do you feel lucky?" | Just to throw in the mundane answer:
"The more I practice, the luckier I get"
Luck is a concept which measures what has already happened rather than what causes it to happen - i.e. you were lucky because something good happened by chance, not something good happened because you were lucky.
So that being said, the only way to "increase" your luck, really, is to increase the probability of something favourable happening. And this is usually done through hard work, experience, practice, research, networking, superior or insider knowledge, etc.
e.g. you're likely to win a bet on a boxing match if you happen to know one of the fighters went on an all-night drinking session the night before and hurt his wrist, than you are by pure guesswork. Those people who are always in the right place at the right time when an opportunity presents itself? Quite often this is because they've gotten their name out there, made friends, done favours for others, put themselves in the minds of the people presenting the opportunity, etc.
So those "angels" who appear to have superior luck? They actually have superior knowledge, social skills, mastery of elements that appear to be chance (e.g. they have advanced long-term weather-forecasting and farming techniques so their crops always thrive)- but they don't reveal these skills, and make it appear like pure luck. |
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