qid int64 1 74.7M | question stringlengths 12 33.8k | date stringlengths 10 10 | metadata list | response_j stringlengths 0 115k | response_k stringlengths 2 98.3k |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
114,087 | Out in the former state of Utah, near where the Old Salt Lake ruins are, a group of scholars and students from the New Jerusalem University are on an exploration mission. They have heard, from an unknown but (maybe) reliable source that an old Fallout Shelter is out there. They search all day until they find it. They ask, or rather force, some slaves to break down the door, and they are able to get in.
The Fallout Shelter, though littered with skeletons, is full of valuable knowledge from before WWIII. The paper they used in the Old Times was super powerful, and never rotted, at all. Most of the notes the found were just grocery lists and etc. but they do find a blueprint which talks about some machine powered by that mystical force, the “electron” if I remember correctly.
There is just one problem. The apocalypse was 800 years ago, and since that time New English (The language they speak in the present) is totally different from Modern English. So, what might be a plausible reason for why the college kids could read Modern English? | 2018/06/04 | [
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/114087",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/users/51013/"
] | **Children's books**
If the daily paper is that long lasting (ours isn't). Some books should also survive. If some of those are children's books good guesses about what words mean can be made. If a full children's library was available it should be possible to follow the same steps as learning to read.
**Labeled Goods**
Many products are labeled. If the scientists are good they may be able figure out what had been in the packages and learn names and some other words that way.
**Secondary Translations**
A say Navajo or Chinese dictionary might be linkable to known languages or other archaeological sites' work. The Bible specifically is printed in a large number of languages and reasonably likely to be included in caches and has a prominent symbol (cross) to aid in linking between versions. Even if it becomes heresy it may have significant scientific value.
**They don't need to read**
Seeing a system that only time and not bombs or looting destroyed might give valuable hints. Knowing that water or steam turned big wheels, or that copper was made into wires and often coiled could be a big step towards recreating the technology. | Basic electrical machinery - such as a dynamo, or an electric motor - could easily be described simply through images, schematic diagrams, and other visual means. The scholars would need to experiment with the proper materials\*, but the actual design would be easy to pick up on. Once they have a handle on what those basic machines do and how, that gives them a starting point to translate documentation related to those machines, which is a big leg up when working on other schematics.
\*They might not have to guess if the materials are described *chemically*; I would expect chemical symbols for elements to be pretty stable (no pun intended). They're already short, unambiguous, and half of them are already Latin or Greek, so it's not like they're neologisms that will wear out. |
114,087 | Out in the former state of Utah, near where the Old Salt Lake ruins are, a group of scholars and students from the New Jerusalem University are on an exploration mission. They have heard, from an unknown but (maybe) reliable source that an old Fallout Shelter is out there. They search all day until they find it. They ask, or rather force, some slaves to break down the door, and they are able to get in.
The Fallout Shelter, though littered with skeletons, is full of valuable knowledge from before WWIII. The paper they used in the Old Times was super powerful, and never rotted, at all. Most of the notes the found were just grocery lists and etc. but they do find a blueprint which talks about some machine powered by that mystical force, the “electron” if I remember correctly.
There is just one problem. The apocalypse was 800 years ago, and since that time New English (The language they speak in the present) is totally different from Modern English. So, what might be a plausible reason for why the college kids could read Modern English? | 2018/06/04 | [
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/114087",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/users/51013/"
] | Languages tend to develop fastest in cities, where lots of people meet and develop new words and new grammar. Outside the cities, especially in isolated communities, language change is slower. There are parts of Sardinia that have an Italian dialect that would probably be intelligible to the Romans. If this is the case it may be that a slave can read what the intellectuals cannot.
*Modern English is a foreign language to the intellectuals of New Jerusalem, but out in the wilds of Utah, among the backwoodsmen, you will still find families who speak a language that, while it isn't classical English, could be understood by a person from the times before the war.*
*Among the slaves is LeVerl, and he grew up in an old isolated family (before his capture and enslavement), and while he has since learned to speak New, he still knows the language that his mother learned from her father. To the scholars’ surprise he can read the old texts.* | **Children's books**
If the daily paper is that long lasting (ours isn't). Some books should also survive. If some of those are children's books good guesses about what words mean can be made. If a full children's library was available it should be possible to follow the same steps as learning to read.
**Labeled Goods**
Many products are labeled. If the scientists are good they may be able figure out what had been in the packages and learn names and some other words that way.
**Secondary Translations**
A say Navajo or Chinese dictionary might be linkable to known languages or other archaeological sites' work. The Bible specifically is printed in a large number of languages and reasonably likely to be included in caches and has a prominent symbol (cross) to aid in linking between versions. Even if it becomes heresy it may have significant scientific value.
**They don't need to read**
Seeing a system that only time and not bombs or looting destroyed might give valuable hints. Knowing that water or steam turned big wheels, or that copper was made into wires and often coiled could be a big step towards recreating the technology. |
114,087 | Out in the former state of Utah, near where the Old Salt Lake ruins are, a group of scholars and students from the New Jerusalem University are on an exploration mission. They have heard, from an unknown but (maybe) reliable source that an old Fallout Shelter is out there. They search all day until they find it. They ask, or rather force, some slaves to break down the door, and they are able to get in.
The Fallout Shelter, though littered with skeletons, is full of valuable knowledge from before WWIII. The paper they used in the Old Times was super powerful, and never rotted, at all. Most of the notes the found were just grocery lists and etc. but they do find a blueprint which talks about some machine powered by that mystical force, the “electron” if I remember correctly.
There is just one problem. The apocalypse was 800 years ago, and since that time New English (The language they speak in the present) is totally different from Modern English. So, what might be a plausible reason for why the college kids could read Modern English? | 2018/06/04 | [
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/114087",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/users/51013/"
] | 800 years is a LOT of language evolution, but if they kept the alphabet, numbers and phonetics remained the same it would be a LOT easier than an unknown language in an unknown script.
A newspaper is written for a 10 year olds reading age, childrens English primers might be there as well. Textbooks, a whole bunch of stuff that would help.
The roots of words should still be discernible, Boewulf was written much longer than 800 years ago in a different script in Old English, but the Middle English version can be made out better with a bit of guesswork mainly because it's in our script
Your best bet is English primers and suchlike to get a feel for the language and basic vocab. Having said that English is one of the most complicated languages, so hopefully they have retained the grammar structure which is plausible since we have basically retained that since before English became English with no real changes. | Basic electrical machinery - such as a dynamo, or an electric motor - could easily be described simply through images, schematic diagrams, and other visual means. The scholars would need to experiment with the proper materials\*, but the actual design would be easy to pick up on. Once they have a handle on what those basic machines do and how, that gives them a starting point to translate documentation related to those machines, which is a big leg up when working on other schematics.
\*They might not have to guess if the materials are described *chemically*; I would expect chemical symbols for elements to be pretty stable (no pun intended). They're already short, unambiguous, and half of them are already Latin or Greek, so it's not like they're neologisms that will wear out. |
114,087 | Out in the former state of Utah, near where the Old Salt Lake ruins are, a group of scholars and students from the New Jerusalem University are on an exploration mission. They have heard, from an unknown but (maybe) reliable source that an old Fallout Shelter is out there. They search all day until they find it. They ask, or rather force, some slaves to break down the door, and they are able to get in.
The Fallout Shelter, though littered with skeletons, is full of valuable knowledge from before WWIII. The paper they used in the Old Times was super powerful, and never rotted, at all. Most of the notes the found were just grocery lists and etc. but they do find a blueprint which talks about some machine powered by that mystical force, the “electron” if I remember correctly.
There is just one problem. The apocalypse was 800 years ago, and since that time New English (The language they speak in the present) is totally different from Modern English. So, what might be a plausible reason for why the college kids could read Modern English? | 2018/06/04 | [
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/114087",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/users/51013/"
] | Languages tend to develop fastest in cities, where lots of people meet and develop new words and new grammar. Outside the cities, especially in isolated communities, language change is slower. There are parts of Sardinia that have an Italian dialect that would probably be intelligible to the Romans. If this is the case it may be that a slave can read what the intellectuals cannot.
*Modern English is a foreign language to the intellectuals of New Jerusalem, but out in the wilds of Utah, among the backwoodsmen, you will still find families who speak a language that, while it isn't classical English, could be understood by a person from the times before the war.*
*Among the slaves is LeVerl, and he grew up in an old isolated family (before his capture and enslavement), and while he has since learned to speak New, he still knows the language that his mother learned from her father. To the scholars’ surprise he can read the old texts.* | Basic electrical machinery - such as a dynamo, or an electric motor - could easily be described simply through images, schematic diagrams, and other visual means. The scholars would need to experiment with the proper materials\*, but the actual design would be easy to pick up on. Once they have a handle on what those basic machines do and how, that gives them a starting point to translate documentation related to those machines, which is a big leg up when working on other schematics.
\*They might not have to guess if the materials are described *chemically*; I would expect chemical symbols for elements to be pretty stable (no pun intended). They're already short, unambiguous, and half of them are already Latin or Greek, so it's not like they're neologisms that will wear out. |
114,087 | Out in the former state of Utah, near where the Old Salt Lake ruins are, a group of scholars and students from the New Jerusalem University are on an exploration mission. They have heard, from an unknown but (maybe) reliable source that an old Fallout Shelter is out there. They search all day until they find it. They ask, or rather force, some slaves to break down the door, and they are able to get in.
The Fallout Shelter, though littered with skeletons, is full of valuable knowledge from before WWIII. The paper they used in the Old Times was super powerful, and never rotted, at all. Most of the notes the found were just grocery lists and etc. but they do find a blueprint which talks about some machine powered by that mystical force, the “electron” if I remember correctly.
There is just one problem. The apocalypse was 800 years ago, and since that time New English (The language they speak in the present) is totally different from Modern English. So, what might be a plausible reason for why the college kids could read Modern English? | 2018/06/04 | [
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/114087",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/users/51013/"
] | Languages tend to develop fastest in cities, where lots of people meet and develop new words and new grammar. Outside the cities, especially in isolated communities, language change is slower. There are parts of Sardinia that have an Italian dialect that would probably be intelligible to the Romans. If this is the case it may be that a slave can read what the intellectuals cannot.
*Modern English is a foreign language to the intellectuals of New Jerusalem, but out in the wilds of Utah, among the backwoodsmen, you will still find families who speak a language that, while it isn't classical English, could be understood by a person from the times before the war.*
*Among the slaves is LeVerl, and he grew up in an old isolated family (before his capture and enslavement), and while he has since learned to speak New, he still knows the language that his mother learned from her father. To the scholars’ surprise he can read the old texts.* | 800 years is a LOT of language evolution, but if they kept the alphabet, numbers and phonetics remained the same it would be a LOT easier than an unknown language in an unknown script.
A newspaper is written for a 10 year olds reading age, childrens English primers might be there as well. Textbooks, a whole bunch of stuff that would help.
The roots of words should still be discernible, Boewulf was written much longer than 800 years ago in a different script in Old English, but the Middle English version can be made out better with a bit of guesswork mainly because it's in our script
Your best bet is English primers and suchlike to get a feel for the language and basic vocab. Having said that English is one of the most complicated languages, so hopefully they have retained the grammar structure which is plausible since we have basically retained that since before English became English with no real changes. |
25,025 | This event shows up multiple times within a minute like it was being brute-forced, but it says "authorized". My question is: Is there anyway I can see any commands that came in from this connection? I looked through my logs and files edited on that date but didn't find anything conclusive. System will get wiped soon so anything worth looking into pre-wipe would be good for future reference. I had my VPN open to the net for temp access if anyone was wondering how they got to the port in the first place.
**EDIT:**
I would like to thank everyone again for the help with the rep to post the pics, you guys rock, also anyone who took the time to view the topic thank you as well.
**EDIT:**
Back into event viewer seeing patterns I didn't notice the first round.
Hack started at 11/28 @ 1:35 am
The TerminalServices-RemoteConnectionManager the first log shows at 5:17pm
I notice USER32 reboots the system soon after group policies stops then event viewer is stopped:
Keep looking at all the hits the computer is logging. Then a bunch of service control manager processes.
Winhttproxy runs after a couple more hits, so I checked the proxy setting:
More hits flash crashes:
Honestly, I don't know what to make of the crash, whether it was an exploit to flash or just a regular flash instability.
I will make a VHD tonight and most likely wipe the machine. If anyone sees something or has any questions or settings they'd like me to check, it would be great. This is a good learning experience so any input is welcomed. | 2012/12/05 | [
"https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/25025",
"https://security.stackexchange.com",
"https://security.stackexchange.com/users/16796/"
] | Unfortunately, this is a known vulnerability. Port 3387 can be used to cause a Denial of Service attacks by running remote exploit code or by Trojans. It is a hot spot. This should be closed by default (Windows). This is a udp or tcp based communication. The protocol is known as backroomnet mainly (used by other services as well). The opened ports can be found with netstat -ano. The associated pid will be helpful to identify the process. Other logs also indicate a DoS. | its hard to tell exactly whats going on without seeing the traffic going over the network. my first guess would be a buffer overflow followed by some sort of executable software. If possible, run a packet capture via wireshark (free software). when you see activity again make note of the time. save the capture. Ideally, you will have the capture already running when the session starts to have a full session.
Is there some way to Private message on here? assuming this is possible, I'll give you my email address if you need some help analyzing the TCP dump. I'm always interested to see what people are up to. |
316,071 | I want to load store logo image URL in javascript so i can bind it to my knockout element, how can i achieve that? | 2020/06/29 | [
"https://magento.stackexchange.com/questions/316071",
"https://magento.stackexchange.com",
"https://magento.stackexchange.com/users/84142/"
] | There is no direct method to have store logo in JS. However, you can pass the logo URL in configprovider and get it in knockout JS file for the solution. | You can use mage-x-init and pass logo as arguments json. |
100,465 | How do I get the screen resolution down to where I can set the screen resolution and click the apply icon? I can't get the screen resolution page to move up and down to click the icon that is under the bottom bar at the bottom of the screen to click it! | 2012/02/01 | [
"https://askubuntu.com/questions/100465",
"https://askubuntu.com",
"https://askubuntu.com/users/44513/"
] | You can hold down alt then click-drag the window you need to move around.
Works on KDE, not sure how the other DE's will handle it though. | In my case it works to use the workspace below it. Than you can see the second half of the window. Hope it works for you aswell.
It's just a solution to press the apply button... |
20,974,871 | When building an app project with an embedded framework project as a dependency, I added a protocol and builds got errors for
>
> MyProtocol.h file not found
>
>
>
Where could the error be? | 2014/01/07 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/20974871",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/1722462/"
] | I looked at circular #import dependencies and that was not it.
I tried forward declaring the protocol wherever possible.
That was not it.
It turns out the gotcha was simply going back to the embedded project Build Phases and making sure to copy the header.
This would apply to any additional class or other header file added.
It is easy to forget this while working on a framework (or other embedded project) inside a project. You can edit and compile changes to existing files, but adding new headers must be copied in Build Phases or they cannot be found.
Spent 30 minutes of my life on this. Hope it helps somebody. | This could be also caused by missing 'Header Search Paths' in parent project's Build Settings. Make sure that it points to the folder with your header files. |
1,513 | I left a comment on [this answer](https://law.stackexchange.com/a/83285/11062) that is now gone and I am not sure why. My understanding was that comments are an appropriate place to offer points of view that differ from an answer so that future readers can make their own determination of the merits themselves. I had meant my comment to be a gentle statement that in the US, "checking the contract" might not apply to a laboratory/doctor relationship because those relationships are often totally unaffiliated (patients have legal right to take any particular order to any lab they choose). If my comment crossed some sort of line I would like to better understand that so I can avoid crossing it in the future.
Cheers,
M | 2022/08/19 | [
"https://law.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/1513",
"https://law.meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://law.meta.stackexchange.com/users/11062/"
] | Ref: <https://law.stackexchange.com/help/privileges/comment>
Comments are ephemeral. They can be deleted for any or no reason.
(In the case of the particular comment in the question here: it was flagged by the answer author as "no longer needed," and I, seeing no other reason to keep it, deleted it.) | Thank You comments are unnecessary
==================================
Comments are to comment on the question or answer and request clarifications. Thank you comments are unnecessary. If you find something helpful: vote.
Commentary might be irrelevant
==============================
I had written the answer you note. It is not relevant that most doctors are not the ordering party from the lab. The answer just points out that that **might** be a setup that exists, not that it is common. I did not see how your "but this constellation is uncommon" was relevant to the answer that is basically boiling down to "Read the contract and who is the party to the contract."
I read the comment, I saw nothing that I would want to add, so flagged "No longer needed" - as in "I saw this, ok, not gonna change anything."
Otherwise:
==========
[Comments are ephemeral.](https://law.meta.stackexchange.com/a/1515/10334) |
1,513 | I left a comment on [this answer](https://law.stackexchange.com/a/83285/11062) that is now gone and I am not sure why. My understanding was that comments are an appropriate place to offer points of view that differ from an answer so that future readers can make their own determination of the merits themselves. I had meant my comment to be a gentle statement that in the US, "checking the contract" might not apply to a laboratory/doctor relationship because those relationships are often totally unaffiliated (patients have legal right to take any particular order to any lab they choose). If my comment crossed some sort of line I would like to better understand that so I can avoid crossing it in the future.
Cheers,
M | 2022/08/19 | [
"https://law.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/1513",
"https://law.meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://law.meta.stackexchange.com/users/11062/"
] | Ref: <https://law.stackexchange.com/help/privileges/comment>
Comments are ephemeral. They can be deleted for any or no reason.
(In the case of the particular comment in the question here: it was flagged by the answer author as "no longer needed," and I, seeing no other reason to keep it, deleted it.) | Comments are intended to offer suggestions on how to improve pots (questions or answers). Technically, Comments that do not do that may be deleted at any time. Comments that have already been acted on are often deleted. Comments that clearly will never be acted on are often deleted. (Note: if a comment is copied into a post, in whole or in part, proper attribution must be provided, and this may require retaining the comment.)
Comments are often used to offer additional information or different perspectives on a post. Technically such common may be deleted at any time, and some mods routinely do so. I think this is unwise, because such comments are often helpful. As a recently elected mod over on ELL, I find myself more reluctant to delete possibly helpful comments than some mods are, but more willing to do so than I had expected to be.
Here on Law, if a comment points out a typo in a post of mine and I fix it, or a comment suggests an idea I should mention and I do so, I routinely flag the comment as "no longer needed". If I do not make a change based on a comment, I do not so flag it. But no rule requires that exact pattern, s far as I know.
**Clarification:** The statements above are not my personal views on how comments **should** be used, they are a summery of things I have been told at various times by moderators, high-rep users on sites I was active on, statements I have read in the Help Center, and much-upvoted posts on MSO. Some of them I would perhaps change if I were asked to rewrite the rules for SE. But the above is my best understanding of agreed policy for SE, of what mods and CMs actually enforce, an what TPTB want and largely expect users to follow. Some of this has been reinforced by topics I have been pointed at since (very recently) becoming a mod over on ELL. I don't yet have any sufficient experience at that to rely on it. |
1,513 | I left a comment on [this answer](https://law.stackexchange.com/a/83285/11062) that is now gone and I am not sure why. My understanding was that comments are an appropriate place to offer points of view that differ from an answer so that future readers can make their own determination of the merits themselves. I had meant my comment to be a gentle statement that in the US, "checking the contract" might not apply to a laboratory/doctor relationship because those relationships are often totally unaffiliated (patients have legal right to take any particular order to any lab they choose). If my comment crossed some sort of line I would like to better understand that so I can avoid crossing it in the future.
Cheers,
M | 2022/08/19 | [
"https://law.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/1513",
"https://law.meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://law.meta.stackexchange.com/users/11062/"
] | Comments are intended to offer suggestions on how to improve pots (questions or answers). Technically, Comments that do not do that may be deleted at any time. Comments that have already been acted on are often deleted. Comments that clearly will never be acted on are often deleted. (Note: if a comment is copied into a post, in whole or in part, proper attribution must be provided, and this may require retaining the comment.)
Comments are often used to offer additional information or different perspectives on a post. Technically such common may be deleted at any time, and some mods routinely do so. I think this is unwise, because such comments are often helpful. As a recently elected mod over on ELL, I find myself more reluctant to delete possibly helpful comments than some mods are, but more willing to do so than I had expected to be.
Here on Law, if a comment points out a typo in a post of mine and I fix it, or a comment suggests an idea I should mention and I do so, I routinely flag the comment as "no longer needed". If I do not make a change based on a comment, I do not so flag it. But no rule requires that exact pattern, s far as I know.
**Clarification:** The statements above are not my personal views on how comments **should** be used, they are a summery of things I have been told at various times by moderators, high-rep users on sites I was active on, statements I have read in the Help Center, and much-upvoted posts on MSO. Some of them I would perhaps change if I were asked to rewrite the rules for SE. But the above is my best understanding of agreed policy for SE, of what mods and CMs actually enforce, an what TPTB want and largely expect users to follow. Some of this has been reinforced by topics I have been pointed at since (very recently) becoming a mod over on ELL. I don't yet have any sufficient experience at that to rely on it. | Thank You comments are unnecessary
==================================
Comments are to comment on the question or answer and request clarifications. Thank you comments are unnecessary. If you find something helpful: vote.
Commentary might be irrelevant
==============================
I had written the answer you note. It is not relevant that most doctors are not the ordering party from the lab. The answer just points out that that **might** be a setup that exists, not that it is common. I did not see how your "but this constellation is uncommon" was relevant to the answer that is basically boiling down to "Read the contract and who is the party to the contract."
I read the comment, I saw nothing that I would want to add, so flagged "No longer needed" - as in "I saw this, ok, not gonna change anything."
Otherwise:
==========
[Comments are ephemeral.](https://law.meta.stackexchange.com/a/1515/10334) |
78,613 | Ok, this is pretty strange, I know; I was thinking to post it on History.se, but maybe it can fit here, too, as I saw it while traveling and it was in a "famous" cemetery (...I'm not the kind of tourist for cemetery visiting, this one just happened as I stumbled on it...)
Location: Prague, Vyšehrad cemetery. I noticed the following inscription, and it struck me as something really different because:
* the shape
* the position (in an isolated corner with a "special" path to reach it)
* there is written Komunismu (did they buried communism here?)
I searched for information on Google, but everything I've been able to found was in čeština, and I'm not able to read it a single word of it. But still it shows it is some kind of touristic landmark, so I'm not that off topic after all :-D
Here is the photo. Sorry for the low quality:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/j0Gv4.jpg) | 2016/09/11 | [
"https://travel.stackexchange.com/questions/78613",
"https://travel.stackexchange.com",
"https://travel.stackexchange.com/users/27919/"
] | The inscription says in Czech:
>
> Památce kněží, řeholníků a řeholnic, obětí nacismu a komunismu
>
>
>
>
> ---
>
>
> Já jsem vzkříšení a život. Kdo věří ve mne, i kdyby umřel, bude žít.
>
>
> Evangelium Svatého Jana 11, 25
>
>
>
Translation of the first part is:
>
> To the memory of priests, monks and nuns who were victims of nazism and communism
>
>
>
The second section is part of a verse from Gospel of John (11, 25), [which is translated as (KJV)](https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+11%3A25&version=KJV):
>
> I am the resurrection, and the life: he that believeth in me, though he were dead, yet shall he live
>
>
> | >
> Action K is the name for the project of illegal elimination of
> monasteries and male catholic monastic orders that took place in the
> communist Czechoslovakia in April 1950. It was preceded by the staged
> trial of Machalka et al. involving order superiors, intended to
> provide ideological justification for the general public. 219 monastic
> houses were closed down and 2376 monks were interned during the action
> in Czechoslovakia. Movable and immovable property of orders was
> confiscated (though for real properties, this formally happened only
> later). The action resulted in a huge loss of cultural heritage as
> several monasteries started to fall into disrepair and others were
> intentionally destroyed; a lot of valuable printings disappeared and
> movable properties were misappropriated, for example an ancient
> furniture and so on. Soon after Action K, Action R followed. Action R
> was slower and it was aimed against nunneries. The last one, Action B
> was meant to formally eliminate all orders, but in did not materialize
> to a large extent. The first night when the monasteries were attacked
> and closed down has been nicknamed ‘St. Bartholomew’s Day of Monks’.
>
>
>
<http://www.mistapametinaroda.cz/?lc=cs&id=217&ls=en>
13. – 14. 4. 1950 – "Action K" – forceful concentration of Czech monks, List of witnesses: <http://www.pametnaroda.cz/anniversary/detail/id/42?locale=en_GB> |
90,044 | I already know that the Wheel of Time idea originates in real-world concept, Kalachakra (the author [admitted](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheel_of_time#Literature) it).
But what about the Pattern - as a textile metaphor for fate, space, time and universe (and everything)? Are there signs that it was borrowed from the myths or preceding fiction works? | 2015/05/17 | [
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/90044",
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com",
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com/users/45801/"
] | In Greek and Norse mythology, respectively the [Moirai](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moirai) and [Norns](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norns) weave the threads of fate. From scanning those wikipedia articles I see there also is a Roman equivalent to them; [Parcae](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parcae). While not exactly a "textile", I am guessing that Robert Jordan at least took some inspiration from them, especially as one of the main characters in the story has a name very close to the collective name for one of these groups of "fate-spinners".
[Some further reading](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weaving_%28mythology%29) reveals a lot of goddesses and myths associated with weaving, but none which is as strongly associated with fate as the ones above. | In the preceding fiction category, there's Piers Anthony's ["With a Tangled Skein"](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/With_a_Tangled_Skein) (1985) from his Incarnations or Immortality series. The characters there are strongly based on the Greek fates, and the threads of life and tapestry of fate are key elements. |
90,044 | I already know that the Wheel of Time idea originates in real-world concept, Kalachakra (the author [admitted](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheel_of_time#Literature) it).
But what about the Pattern - as a textile metaphor for fate, space, time and universe (and everything)? Are there signs that it was borrowed from the myths or preceding fiction works? | 2015/05/17 | [
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/90044",
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com",
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com/users/45801/"
] | In Greek and Norse mythology, respectively the [Moirai](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moirai) and [Norns](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norns) weave the threads of fate. From scanning those wikipedia articles I see there also is a Roman equivalent to them; [Parcae](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parcae). While not exactly a "textile", I am guessing that Robert Jordan at least took some inspiration from them, especially as one of the main characters in the story has a name very close to the collective name for one of these groups of "fate-spinners".
[Some further reading](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weaving_%28mythology%29) reveals a lot of goddesses and myths associated with weaving, but none which is as strongly associated with fate as the ones above. | It is a common theme throughout history.
>
> Dion, a Tragedy: And Miscellaneous Poetry ... - Page 30
>
>
> George Ambrose Rhodes - **1806**
>
>
> To the tried wisdom of the chosen few, Th' approved of his country;
> not himself, Arrest th' enacting and enforcing power, T' embody the
> vagaries of his brain, And **weave the fate of empires on his loom**
> To what strange shape he pleases.
>
>
> <https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=rqlgAAAAcAAJ>
>
>
> |
90,044 | I already know that the Wheel of Time idea originates in real-world concept, Kalachakra (the author [admitted](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheel_of_time#Literature) it).
But what about the Pattern - as a textile metaphor for fate, space, time and universe (and everything)? Are there signs that it was borrowed from the myths or preceding fiction works? | 2015/05/17 | [
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/90044",
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com",
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com/users/45801/"
] | It is a common theme throughout history.
>
> Dion, a Tragedy: And Miscellaneous Poetry ... - Page 30
>
>
> George Ambrose Rhodes - **1806**
>
>
> To the tried wisdom of the chosen few, Th' approved of his country;
> not himself, Arrest th' enacting and enforcing power, T' embody the
> vagaries of his brain, And **weave the fate of empires on his loom**
> To what strange shape he pleases.
>
>
> <https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=rqlgAAAAcAAJ>
>
>
> | In the preceding fiction category, there's Piers Anthony's ["With a Tangled Skein"](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/With_a_Tangled_Skein) (1985) from his Incarnations or Immortality series. The characters there are strongly based on the Greek fates, and the threads of life and tapestry of fate are key elements. |
1,334,712 | The Windows Azure Platform allows an application to be deployed to one or more instances. The fabric controller then balances your application's workload across those instances.
* Can the number of instances be scaled up/down based on demand or are the number of instances static? If instances can be dynamically started how much control do I have over how this happens?
* How does Azure balance workload amongst my application instances and do I have any control over how this happens? | 2009/08/26 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/1334712",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/1199234/"
] | I just want to add that by commercial launch (November), we'll have an API that lets you programmatically modify the number of instances. (So you can scale based on whatever logic you want.) | The number of instances for Azure roles is specified in an xml configuration file. Currently, you must manually change the instance count in this config file. When you do so, the fabric controller will automatically adjust the number of running instances for you.
For web roles, incoming TCP connections are balanced across your instances. For worker roles, the load is generally distributed across all instances picking up work assignments from a message queue. The fabric doesn't really get involved for worker roles. |
1,334,712 | The Windows Azure Platform allows an application to be deployed to one or more instances. The fabric controller then balances your application's workload across those instances.
* Can the number of instances be scaled up/down based on demand or are the number of instances static? If instances can be dynamically started how much control do I have over how this happens?
* How does Azure balance workload amongst my application instances and do I have any control over how this happens? | 2009/08/26 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/1334712",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/1199234/"
] | This question has lots of good information, including a 3rd party tool (AzureWatch) that I use that can scale up/down based on load.
[Azure platform: scalling instances up and down](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2136035/azure-platform-scalling-instances-up-and-down/3885467#3885467) | The number of instances for Azure roles is specified in an xml configuration file. Currently, you must manually change the instance count in this config file. When you do so, the fabric controller will automatically adjust the number of running instances for you.
For web roles, incoming TCP connections are balanced across your instances. For worker roles, the load is generally distributed across all instances picking up work assignments from a message queue. The fabric doesn't really get involved for worker roles. |
1,334,712 | The Windows Azure Platform allows an application to be deployed to one or more instances. The fabric controller then balances your application's workload across those instances.
* Can the number of instances be scaled up/down based on demand or are the number of instances static? If instances can be dynamically started how much control do I have over how this happens?
* How does Azure balance workload amongst my application instances and do I have any control over how this happens? | 2009/08/26 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/1334712",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/1199234/"
] | The number of instances for Azure roles is specified in an xml configuration file. Currently, you must manually change the instance count in this config file. When you do so, the fabric controller will automatically adjust the number of running instances for you.
For web roles, incoming TCP connections are balanced across your instances. For worker roles, the load is generally distributed across all instances picking up work assignments from a message queue. The fabric doesn't really get involved for worker roles. | I know this is an old question, but I just thought that I'd highlight the free [Windows Autoscaling Application Block](https://www.windowsazure.com/en-us/develop/net/how-to-guides/autoscaling/), which was released since the question was first asked. |
1,334,712 | The Windows Azure Platform allows an application to be deployed to one or more instances. The fabric controller then balances your application's workload across those instances.
* Can the number of instances be scaled up/down based on demand or are the number of instances static? If instances can be dynamically started how much control do I have over how this happens?
* How does Azure balance workload amongst my application instances and do I have any control over how this happens? | 2009/08/26 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/1334712",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/1199234/"
] | I just want to add that by commercial launch (November), we'll have an API that lets you programmatically modify the number of instances. (So you can scale based on whatever logic you want.) | I know this is an old question, but I just thought that I'd highlight the free [Windows Autoscaling Application Block](https://www.windowsazure.com/en-us/develop/net/how-to-guides/autoscaling/), which was released since the question was first asked. |
1,334,712 | The Windows Azure Platform allows an application to be deployed to one or more instances. The fabric controller then balances your application's workload across those instances.
* Can the number of instances be scaled up/down based on demand or are the number of instances static? If instances can be dynamically started how much control do I have over how this happens?
* How does Azure balance workload amongst my application instances and do I have any control over how this happens? | 2009/08/26 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/1334712",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/1199234/"
] | This question has lots of good information, including a 3rd party tool (AzureWatch) that I use that can scale up/down based on load.
[Azure platform: scalling instances up and down](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2136035/azure-platform-scalling-instances-up-and-down/3885467#3885467) | I know this is an old question, but I just thought that I'd highlight the free [Windows Autoscaling Application Block](https://www.windowsazure.com/en-us/develop/net/how-to-guides/autoscaling/), which was released since the question was first asked. |
156,363 | I've been writing in Java and C# for a while, but I'm having a hard time identifying places where using a custom annotation would be advantageous.
I can see that JUnit uses annotations in test classes to identify the order it should run the methods in the test classes, which obviates the need for a configuration of some sort.
What are other examples of problems that annotations solve elegantly? | 2012/07/11 | [
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/156363",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/users/53771/"
] | Depending on the annotations you use and how you run JUnit, JUnit scans the classpath and runs everything with the proper annotations (or, in the old school versions, that implemented a certain interface)
You're right in the sense that annotations are mostly useful for configuration - they're essentially metadata about the method/class. Here's an example from my work - for some reason I can't remember, we needed to dump objects to a log, but we wanted to filter some of attributes. We made a `Loggable` annotation that could be applied to individual getters or a class, we then used reflection to determine what to dump and what not to.
I would venture a guess that anything you can do with an annotation you could do with some sort of configuration file. Some annotations are basically formalized comments (e.g., @Deprecated). So the fact you can't come up with common cases isn't really surprising. | Annotations are just metadata, personally I prefer annotations to xml configurations, but don't completely right xml off. My advice use annotations whenthat wouuld make metadata usage more clear and transparent. As an example take a look at JPA annotations, isn't it better to say that your class is an Entity than it is to right an xml file about it and how it relates to other @entities. Annother example Spring MVC @Controllers and @RequestMapping , it's so much easier to find out what the class is and what it does by simply looking at it, not having to go through a pletora of xml files. It is important to note however that too many annotations make the code difficult to read and should be avoided when possible. My advice, go with your gut but always try to make your code readable.
Hope that helps,
Peter
P.S. I don't know what Junit does, I have never looked at it's code, but I assume there is some sort of a classpath scanner |
156,363 | I've been writing in Java and C# for a while, but I'm having a hard time identifying places where using a custom annotation would be advantageous.
I can see that JUnit uses annotations in test classes to identify the order it should run the methods in the test classes, which obviates the need for a configuration of some sort.
What are other examples of problems that annotations solve elegantly? | 2012/07/11 | [
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/156363",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/users/53771/"
] | Depending on the annotations you use and how you run JUnit, JUnit scans the classpath and runs everything with the proper annotations (or, in the old school versions, that implemented a certain interface)
You're right in the sense that annotations are mostly useful for configuration - they're essentially metadata about the method/class. Here's an example from my work - for some reason I can't remember, we needed to dump objects to a log, but we wanted to filter some of attributes. We made a `Loggable` annotation that could be applied to individual getters or a class, we then used reflection to determine what to dump and what not to.
I would venture a guess that anything you can do with an annotation you could do with some sort of configuration file. Some annotations are basically formalized comments (e.g., @Deprecated). So the fact you can't come up with common cases isn't really surprising. | You can also add them as hints for static and run time code analysis tools. e.g. @ThreadSafe, @Immutable and so on. These give hints to the developer as to how the object should be treated/behave and the tooling can often give some level of confidence on that. |
156,363 | I've been writing in Java and C# for a while, but I'm having a hard time identifying places where using a custom annotation would be advantageous.
I can see that JUnit uses annotations in test classes to identify the order it should run the methods in the test classes, which obviates the need for a configuration of some sort.
What are other examples of problems that annotations solve elegantly? | 2012/07/11 | [
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/156363",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/users/53771/"
] | As others pointed out, annotations are metadata about classes / properties / methods. In general, I find them most useful when data needs to be transformed between the Java domain and another domain or format, such as
* a database (this is what e.g. Hibernate / JPA is dealing with, using annotations heavily)
* an Excel sheet
* a legacy mainframe system
The latter two are real examples from the project I am working on.
Another, related task is data validation. We use the annotations of [Hibernate Validator](http://www.hibernate.org/subprojects/validator.html) (which is an implementation of JSR 303 - Bean Validation) to validate critical pieces of the data received from the above mentioned mainframe, before letting it enter our domain.
As others noted, all the information represented by annotations could in theory be represented in other forms, e.g. in distinct config files (in XML or other format). However, often it is just so much more convenient to have the annotations right there in the code, next to the entity it refers to. Typically (like in the above examples) the metadata represented by annotations is tightly tied to the code. So - once created - it very rarely changes independently of the corresponding code itself. So keeping it physically together with the code makes it cleaner and more maintainable. | Depending on the annotations you use and how you run JUnit, JUnit scans the classpath and runs everything with the proper annotations (or, in the old school versions, that implemented a certain interface)
You're right in the sense that annotations are mostly useful for configuration - they're essentially metadata about the method/class. Here's an example from my work - for some reason I can't remember, we needed to dump objects to a log, but we wanted to filter some of attributes. We made a `Loggable` annotation that could be applied to individual getters or a class, we then used reflection to determine what to dump and what not to.
I would venture a guess that anything you can do with an annotation you could do with some sort of configuration file. Some annotations are basically formalized comments (e.g., @Deprecated). So the fact you can't come up with common cases isn't really surprising. |
156,363 | I've been writing in Java and C# for a while, but I'm having a hard time identifying places where using a custom annotation would be advantageous.
I can see that JUnit uses annotations in test classes to identify the order it should run the methods in the test classes, which obviates the need for a configuration of some sort.
What are other examples of problems that annotations solve elegantly? | 2012/07/11 | [
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/156363",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/users/53771/"
] | You can also add them as hints for static and run time code analysis tools. e.g. @ThreadSafe, @Immutable and so on. These give hints to the developer as to how the object should be treated/behave and the tooling can often give some level of confidence on that. | Annotations are just metadata, personally I prefer annotations to xml configurations, but don't completely right xml off. My advice use annotations whenthat wouuld make metadata usage more clear and transparent. As an example take a look at JPA annotations, isn't it better to say that your class is an Entity than it is to right an xml file about it and how it relates to other @entities. Annother example Spring MVC @Controllers and @RequestMapping , it's so much easier to find out what the class is and what it does by simply looking at it, not having to go through a pletora of xml files. It is important to note however that too many annotations make the code difficult to read and should be avoided when possible. My advice, go with your gut but always try to make your code readable.
Hope that helps,
Peter
P.S. I don't know what Junit does, I have never looked at it's code, but I assume there is some sort of a classpath scanner |
156,363 | I've been writing in Java and C# for a while, but I'm having a hard time identifying places where using a custom annotation would be advantageous.
I can see that JUnit uses annotations in test classes to identify the order it should run the methods in the test classes, which obviates the need for a configuration of some sort.
What are other examples of problems that annotations solve elegantly? | 2012/07/11 | [
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/156363",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/users/53771/"
] | As others pointed out, annotations are metadata about classes / properties / methods. In general, I find them most useful when data needs to be transformed between the Java domain and another domain or format, such as
* a database (this is what e.g. Hibernate / JPA is dealing with, using annotations heavily)
* an Excel sheet
* a legacy mainframe system
The latter two are real examples from the project I am working on.
Another, related task is data validation. We use the annotations of [Hibernate Validator](http://www.hibernate.org/subprojects/validator.html) (which is an implementation of JSR 303 - Bean Validation) to validate critical pieces of the data received from the above mentioned mainframe, before letting it enter our domain.
As others noted, all the information represented by annotations could in theory be represented in other forms, e.g. in distinct config files (in XML or other format). However, often it is just so much more convenient to have the annotations right there in the code, next to the entity it refers to. Typically (like in the above examples) the metadata represented by annotations is tightly tied to the code. So - once created - it very rarely changes independently of the corresponding code itself. So keeping it physically together with the code makes it cleaner and more maintainable. | Annotations are just metadata, personally I prefer annotations to xml configurations, but don't completely right xml off. My advice use annotations whenthat wouuld make metadata usage more clear and transparent. As an example take a look at JPA annotations, isn't it better to say that your class is an Entity than it is to right an xml file about it and how it relates to other @entities. Annother example Spring MVC @Controllers and @RequestMapping , it's so much easier to find out what the class is and what it does by simply looking at it, not having to go through a pletora of xml files. It is important to note however that too many annotations make the code difficult to read and should be avoided when possible. My advice, go with your gut but always try to make your code readable.
Hope that helps,
Peter
P.S. I don't know what Junit does, I have never looked at it's code, but I assume there is some sort of a classpath scanner |
156,363 | I've been writing in Java and C# for a while, but I'm having a hard time identifying places where using a custom annotation would be advantageous.
I can see that JUnit uses annotations in test classes to identify the order it should run the methods in the test classes, which obviates the need for a configuration of some sort.
What are other examples of problems that annotations solve elegantly? | 2012/07/11 | [
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/156363",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/users/53771/"
] | As others pointed out, annotations are metadata about classes / properties / methods. In general, I find them most useful when data needs to be transformed between the Java domain and another domain or format, such as
* a database (this is what e.g. Hibernate / JPA is dealing with, using annotations heavily)
* an Excel sheet
* a legacy mainframe system
The latter two are real examples from the project I am working on.
Another, related task is data validation. We use the annotations of [Hibernate Validator](http://www.hibernate.org/subprojects/validator.html) (which is an implementation of JSR 303 - Bean Validation) to validate critical pieces of the data received from the above mentioned mainframe, before letting it enter our domain.
As others noted, all the information represented by annotations could in theory be represented in other forms, e.g. in distinct config files (in XML or other format). However, often it is just so much more convenient to have the annotations right there in the code, next to the entity it refers to. Typically (like in the above examples) the metadata represented by annotations is tightly tied to the code. So - once created - it very rarely changes independently of the corresponding code itself. So keeping it physically together with the code makes it cleaner and more maintainable. | You can also add them as hints for static and run time code analysis tools. e.g. @ThreadSafe, @Immutable and so on. These give hints to the developer as to how the object should be treated/behave and the tooling can often give some level of confidence on that. |
18,253,161 | We have an existing C++ project that is developed with eclipse. There is also a gui that is developed separately in Qt Creator.
We want to setup the eclipse project so that the gui is a sub-directory in the main project. The idea is that most of the gui development is done in Creator, but the entire project (including gui) can be built from eclipse.
I'm having trouble setting this up as a makefile build. I think I need to use eclipse' external tools to run qmake before building the project. The problem is that this creates the Qt makefile in the 'gui' directory and then eclipse doesn't see it. | 2013/08/15 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/18253161",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/1046297/"
] | This is how we ended up configuring this.
We have two build configurations, one for the main part of the project and one for the gui. For the main project, we exclude the gui from the build, and for the gui we exclude everything else but the gui from the build. The gui is build using a custom makefile that has targets for calling qmake and make. From QtCreator we just call "build" which runs the makefile, so qmake is never called from QtCreator.
It's not ideal but it works. The main drawback is that you have to switch build configurations in eclipse depending what you want to build. If I was setting it up again I'd make two different projects instead of two different build configurations in the same project. This way it's easier to manage the dependencies between the main program and the gui. | Indeed, you need to use the external tools. Add these in there: "qmake -project" and "qmake". The former is obviously not necessary if you have project file(s) already in there. You can then set the working directory, and arguments like the project file.
Then you can just run the externals tools from the menu. I am not sure what you mean by "Qt makefile" and by "Eclipse not seeing it." |
9,859 | Does anybody know why Sabo ate the Mera Mera fruit?
I thought Luffy really wanted this fruit because it was the devil's fruit that his brother Ace ate.
Sabo took Luffy's spot in the Colosseum to get the fruit for him. | 2014/05/22 | [
"https://anime.stackexchange.com/questions/9859",
"https://anime.stackexchange.com",
"https://anime.stackexchange.com/users/4957/"
] | Sabo never intended to get the fruit for Luffy. When he showed up in this arc, his first words were
"I'm not letting you have the Mera Mera fruit, Strawhat Luffy!"
Sabo always intended to eat it, and Luffy was fine with that. Luffy obviously can't eat it himself, he just wanted someone he liked to have it. He left the colosseum very happy, fully understanding that Sabo was going to eat it. It didn't come out of nowhere at all. | Short story: Sabo wanted to eat the Mera Mera fruit because he, as Luffy's and Ace's "brother", to inherit his will(have his spirit live on).
Long story: He ate it because, before the final, he was doing it, because he said. wanted to inherit Ace's will. Well, him and Luffy, according to this statement : "We are the ones who will inherit his will!" Besides, Luffy can't obviously eat it, and who better to come along to eat Ace's fruit, then his second brother Sabo!? Seriously, once Luffy fully realized that Sabo wasn't killed, he would obviously let him have the fruit, since he is Luffy and Ace's best friend/"brother". |
10,130 | I'm making a target to an outdoor robot competition.
The target should detect if some of the robot got touched or got an hit automatically. and the target can get hit 360 degree.
I'm searching for the perfect sensor to detect an hit, without get false positive from a wind.
My option right now are:
1- ultrasonic sensor (bad coverage)
2- tilt sensor (bad FP rate)
3- wooden conductive
I would like to know if someone has other ideas (that affordable - less than 30$ dollar per target might be o.k)
Edit: the target is static, and just waiting to a robot to touch it.
Edit: The specs are:
1- The target dimension is 1 meter height, 0.5 meter width , 0.3 depth.
2- To trigger the target ,the robot should be around 10 centimeter long to any point of the target surface.
3-To trigger the target the robot needs to get close up to 10 centimeter or even press with around 1 Newton force. the robot might even throw an object that satisfy the previous condition.
4-Detection must be only from intentional touch.
5-Wooden conductive is trigger because a human is Electrically conductive. this might not be the option when we throw an object.
6- Target will be placed outdoor, so the sensor need to be wind-resistance (not extreme wind condition- just around 20-25 km/h)
7- I prefer a sensor that detect touch (more than proximity)because it might make my solution more cheap and reliable(in factor of amount sensors as i estimate).
Thanks.
Guy | 2016/06/19 | [
"https://robotics.stackexchange.com/questions/10130",
"https://robotics.stackexchange.com",
"https://robotics.stackexchange.com/users/14016/"
] | One option could be to use the MPU6050 IMU, or some other accelerometer. These sensors are cheap, so they will come in under your budget.
With acceleration measurements, you can detect impulses caused by striking the target surface. If you are assuming light wind, then you can probably just set a threshold that on the magnitude of the impulse, classifying measurements as hits only if they exceed a certain value. If you expect significant wind, you can do some sort of filtering.
It is hard to say more because your description is somewhat nebulous. Perhaps adding a diagram would help. | Just an idea, I have used this Doppler radar module: [https://www.amazon.com/SMAKN-Microwave-10-525GHz-Doppler-Detector/dp/B00FFW4AZ4](http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/B00FFW4AZ4), for velocity estimation and presence detection. I don't completely understand what the scenario is, but in theory if a target was moving towards your robot, you could measure that by looking at the output of the Doppler radar. If a target moves towards you then the frequency of the output signal would increase, if it moves away the frequency would decrease. Good alternative to an ultrasonic because of larger range, but you would probably need one on the front and back for full 360 coverage. Also you may have issues if the target is too small, but again I don't fully understand your scenario. |
10,130 | I'm making a target to an outdoor robot competition.
The target should detect if some of the robot got touched or got an hit automatically. and the target can get hit 360 degree.
I'm searching for the perfect sensor to detect an hit, without get false positive from a wind.
My option right now are:
1- ultrasonic sensor (bad coverage)
2- tilt sensor (bad FP rate)
3- wooden conductive
I would like to know if someone has other ideas (that affordable - less than 30$ dollar per target might be o.k)
Edit: the target is static, and just waiting to a robot to touch it.
Edit: The specs are:
1- The target dimension is 1 meter height, 0.5 meter width , 0.3 depth.
2- To trigger the target ,the robot should be around 10 centimeter long to any point of the target surface.
3-To trigger the target the robot needs to get close up to 10 centimeter or even press with around 1 Newton force. the robot might even throw an object that satisfy the previous condition.
4-Detection must be only from intentional touch.
5-Wooden conductive is trigger because a human is Electrically conductive. this might not be the option when we throw an object.
6- Target will be placed outdoor, so the sensor need to be wind-resistance (not extreme wind condition- just around 20-25 km/h)
7- I prefer a sensor that detect touch (more than proximity)because it might make my solution more cheap and reliable(in factor of amount sensors as i estimate).
Thanks.
Guy | 2016/06/19 | [
"https://robotics.stackexchange.com/questions/10130",
"https://robotics.stackexchange.com",
"https://robotics.stackexchange.com/users/14016/"
] | One option could be to use the MPU6050 IMU, or some other accelerometer. These sensors are cheap, so they will come in under your budget.
With acceleration measurements, you can detect impulses caused by striking the target surface. If you are assuming light wind, then you can probably just set a threshold that on the magnitude of the impulse, classifying measurements as hits only if they exceed a certain value. If you expect significant wind, you can do some sort of filtering.
It is hard to say more because your description is somewhat nebulous. Perhaps adding a diagram would help. | Why don't just use bumpers? [HCR robot](http://www.dfrobot.com/index.php?route=product/product&product_id=63#.V2fWIbiLTIU) is a nice example of a platform that uses this method. The only downside is that they require some force to be pushed. |
10,130 | I'm making a target to an outdoor robot competition.
The target should detect if some of the robot got touched or got an hit automatically. and the target can get hit 360 degree.
I'm searching for the perfect sensor to detect an hit, without get false positive from a wind.
My option right now are:
1- ultrasonic sensor (bad coverage)
2- tilt sensor (bad FP rate)
3- wooden conductive
I would like to know if someone has other ideas (that affordable - less than 30$ dollar per target might be o.k)
Edit: the target is static, and just waiting to a robot to touch it.
Edit: The specs are:
1- The target dimension is 1 meter height, 0.5 meter width , 0.3 depth.
2- To trigger the target ,the robot should be around 10 centimeter long to any point of the target surface.
3-To trigger the target the robot needs to get close up to 10 centimeter or even press with around 1 Newton force. the robot might even throw an object that satisfy the previous condition.
4-Detection must be only from intentional touch.
5-Wooden conductive is trigger because a human is Electrically conductive. this might not be the option when we throw an object.
6- Target will be placed outdoor, so the sensor need to be wind-resistance (not extreme wind condition- just around 20-25 km/h)
7- I prefer a sensor that detect touch (more than proximity)because it might make my solution more cheap and reliable(in factor of amount sensors as i estimate).
Thanks.
Guy | 2016/06/19 | [
"https://robotics.stackexchange.com/questions/10130",
"https://robotics.stackexchange.com",
"https://robotics.stackexchange.com/users/14016/"
] | One option could be to use the MPU6050 IMU, or some other accelerometer. These sensors are cheap, so they will come in under your budget.
With acceleration measurements, you can detect impulses caused by striking the target surface. If you are assuming light wind, then you can probably just set a threshold that on the magnitude of the impulse, classifying measurements as hits only if they exceed a certain value. If you expect significant wind, you can do some sort of filtering.
It is hard to say more because your description is somewhat nebulous. Perhaps adding a diagram would help. | You could use a micro-switch if you're looking for touch sensing rather than proximity. Check this link out for more info (Its an example):
<https://www.arduino.cc/en/tutorial/switch>
The advantage (and disadvantage) of this switch is that it requires very little force to activate. Which also means that application of large force can cause the switch to get stuck or break. But with the description of the problem you've provided, I think this will help you out. |
36,566 | The rate at which AI tools keep coming up feels like they are going to replace Selenium and other conventional automation tools sooner than we think. But, as of now what are the real life practical limitations of such tools? Can somebody share their project experience?
**EDIT:**
This question is basically asking to address the limitations of AI backed "codeless" automation tools like the one described above when compared to Selenium (or other "codeful" automation tools). | 2018/11/25 | [
"https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/36566",
"https://sqa.stackexchange.com",
"https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/33686/"
] | First of all: "Selenium automates browsers. That's it!" (Quote from [SeleniumHQ](https://www.seleniumhq.org/).) It provides an open-source, standardized, and widely-used interface to drive browsers, respectively, web applications. This not just enables developers/testers/… to use it for testing purposes, but also it can be used by vendors to build different kinds of testing tools/frameworks/… on top of it. Because of this, I think that a) Selenium is gonna stay for a very long time and b) the progress in the field of AI-based testing is mostly unrelated to Selenium's lifetime expectations.
>
> "Because some things will be better done using them. Other things will be better done using Selenium" My question is to know exactly what those things are.
>
>
>
Since you mention products like mabl and Testim, I assume you focus on GUI-based system testing for web applications? Today, most of such (off-the-shelf) tools that incorporate some sort of AI basically can be divided into the following two main categories (although some also fit in both):
1. Test maintenance: the tool takes care of maintenance tasks such as updating locators after changes or carrying out special checks to detect visual differences.
2. Test generation: the tool generates actual tests that can be executed. For instance, automated exploration to find broken links or the creation of regression test suites.
When it comes to test maintenance, machines can—as already pointed out by [João Farias](https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/36567/21973)—easily process vast amounts of data, which is a huge advantage here. For instance, when the system under test (SUT) changes, you often find yourself fixing a bunch of locators. In contrast, machines can use historical data to assign new and old locators in order to "auto-heal" tests.
However, in the case of test generation, humans are usually superior. While machines can use various techniques to create non-functional tests, they have a hard time to generate actual functional tests that effectively cover particular use cases and business needs. In general, I think this relates to the testing vs. checking debate (see my answer [here](https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/29477/21973)). | Talking about the general limitations of AI would fit at least a book - given only our current understanding of it. 5 more years and half the book can be re-written.
In summary, to the context software testing in general, I would raise two points:
1 - **AI system do not learn as humans do**. AI systems are algorithms - they are data-driven, which allow more flexibility than path/logical-expressions driven algorithms. They do somethings better than humans: Finding patterns in a large dataset and classifying new data, for instance. But they cannot put in context the subjective aspects of human behavior - one needs to encode it somehow, so the AI system can use this data; this is transforming subjective into objective - thus, losing information in the process.
2 - Projects have a life-time: A project is implemented in a certain time-frame. Therefore, it would bound to the tools available of the time, or that can be efficiently built during this time-frame. Therefore, some problems would not be solved by AI for certain projects because the system would not be available of the time.
About Selenium itself, considering the [Lindy Effect](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lindy_effect), it should be around for some time yet. However, for the same principle, some of these AI tools will surely take some of the marketshare.
Why? Because some things will be better done using them. Other things will be better done using Selenium - probably some tools will use Selenium as helper for some things, instead of re-creating the wheel.
Cobol is around there until today - and probably will still be around for some time. |
36,566 | The rate at which AI tools keep coming up feels like they are going to replace Selenium and other conventional automation tools sooner than we think. But, as of now what are the real life practical limitations of such tools? Can somebody share their project experience?
**EDIT:**
This question is basically asking to address the limitations of AI backed "codeless" automation tools like the one described above when compared to Selenium (or other "codeful" automation tools). | 2018/11/25 | [
"https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/36566",
"https://sqa.stackexchange.com",
"https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/33686/"
] | Talking about the general limitations of AI would fit at least a book - given only our current understanding of it. 5 more years and half the book can be re-written.
In summary, to the context software testing in general, I would raise two points:
1 - **AI system do not learn as humans do**. AI systems are algorithms - they are data-driven, which allow more flexibility than path/logical-expressions driven algorithms. They do somethings better than humans: Finding patterns in a large dataset and classifying new data, for instance. But they cannot put in context the subjective aspects of human behavior - one needs to encode it somehow, so the AI system can use this data; this is transforming subjective into objective - thus, losing information in the process.
2 - Projects have a life-time: A project is implemented in a certain time-frame. Therefore, it would bound to the tools available of the time, or that can be efficiently built during this time-frame. Therefore, some problems would not be solved by AI for certain projects because the system would not be available of the time.
About Selenium itself, considering the [Lindy Effect](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lindy_effect), it should be around for some time yet. However, for the same principle, some of these AI tools will surely take some of the marketshare.
Why? Because some things will be better done using them. Other things will be better done using Selenium - probably some tools will use Selenium as helper for some things, instead of re-creating the wheel.
Cobol is around there until today - and probably will still be around for some time. | Comparing Selenium to AI driven testing is not exactly the right way to think about it. But an interesting proposition and question.
Selenium and Cypress and CodedUI and others are simply ways to automate browser tests at the UI level. We all know these are brittle and challenged with modern UI libraries. But they are mature (Selenium is 15 years old now) and function as a language to automate UI actions. When Selenium was introduced it was a godsend. But that was 2004.
I read a study recently that on average 7 selenium scripts can be fully written and debugged per man-day. Of course some take all day to just get one to work...others are faster. But the 1 script an hour rule isn't a bad way to think about any of these languages.
Codeless script generation (ie recording) was tossed out years ago as unreliable and unmaintainable. But a whole new generation popped up in the last few years that changed that (for example Test Designer in Appvance IQ). It generates your test in open-source javascript as the tester uses the application. And self-heals broken accessors at each subsequent run. Data driven of course. We have measured this at 4X - 10X faster than writing selenium scripts. But it depends on the application and skill of the QA engineer. Others have introduced recorders as well with different languages and features (Functionize, Mabel etc). I really suggest you look in to some of these.
AI test generation was first introduced in 2017. The technology has rapidly progressed to where AIQ can generate 600 scripts per minute unaided by humans. Thats wicked fast. We cannot compare 7 scripts a day to 6000 in 10 minutes.
But how good are these? Are they valid and valuable user flows?
To date we have found that a mix of maybe 10-20 QA designed scripts alongside 5000 or so AI generated scripts provides the right balance of coverage and assurance of very specific user flows. In the end the QA team must report back up the chain that certain items completely work in the current build. Whether or not AI thought it was a valuable exercise to test that flow. So we have found this combination is critical for assurance.
For the dozens of clients using AI test generation daily from us, they indeed have dropped all use of Selenium. That was their own choice over some months. They found that specific cases can be generated faster in AIQ Test Designer (recorder) and self-healed. And the rest of the coverage generated by AI. So that left no place for Selenium.
Since Selenium is so pervasive, someone will still be using it a decade from now. But as AI test generation and advanced new recorders become more commonplace and more reliable, it does seem to squeeze out the need for true manual selenium coding as we have done for the past 15 years.
Of course, Selenium is free. AI isn't. For small dev teams free is a pretty great choice. but for large enterprises with budget, AI driven testing can have a meaningful ROI despite the cost of the technology.
disclaimer - I work for [appvance.ai](https://www.appvance.ai) and I am sharing my own experience helping teams roll out AI driven testing. |
36,566 | The rate at which AI tools keep coming up feels like they are going to replace Selenium and other conventional automation tools sooner than we think. But, as of now what are the real life practical limitations of such tools? Can somebody share their project experience?
**EDIT:**
This question is basically asking to address the limitations of AI backed "codeless" automation tools like the one described above when compared to Selenium (or other "codeful" automation tools). | 2018/11/25 | [
"https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/36566",
"https://sqa.stackexchange.com",
"https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/33686/"
] | First of all: "Selenium automates browsers. That's it!" (Quote from [SeleniumHQ](https://www.seleniumhq.org/).) It provides an open-source, standardized, and widely-used interface to drive browsers, respectively, web applications. This not just enables developers/testers/… to use it for testing purposes, but also it can be used by vendors to build different kinds of testing tools/frameworks/… on top of it. Because of this, I think that a) Selenium is gonna stay for a very long time and b) the progress in the field of AI-based testing is mostly unrelated to Selenium's lifetime expectations.
>
> "Because some things will be better done using them. Other things will be better done using Selenium" My question is to know exactly what those things are.
>
>
>
Since you mention products like mabl and Testim, I assume you focus on GUI-based system testing for web applications? Today, most of such (off-the-shelf) tools that incorporate some sort of AI basically can be divided into the following two main categories (although some also fit in both):
1. Test maintenance: the tool takes care of maintenance tasks such as updating locators after changes or carrying out special checks to detect visual differences.
2. Test generation: the tool generates actual tests that can be executed. For instance, automated exploration to find broken links or the creation of regression test suites.
When it comes to test maintenance, machines can—as already pointed out by [João Farias](https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/36567/21973)—easily process vast amounts of data, which is a huge advantage here. For instance, when the system under test (SUT) changes, you often find yourself fixing a bunch of locators. In contrast, machines can use historical data to assign new and old locators in order to "auto-heal" tests.
However, in the case of test generation, humans are usually superior. While machines can use various techniques to create non-functional tests, they have a hard time to generate actual functional tests that effectively cover particular use cases and business needs. In general, I think this relates to the testing vs. checking debate (see my answer [here](https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/29477/21973)). | Comparing Selenium to AI driven testing is not exactly the right way to think about it. But an interesting proposition and question.
Selenium and Cypress and CodedUI and others are simply ways to automate browser tests at the UI level. We all know these are brittle and challenged with modern UI libraries. But they are mature (Selenium is 15 years old now) and function as a language to automate UI actions. When Selenium was introduced it was a godsend. But that was 2004.
I read a study recently that on average 7 selenium scripts can be fully written and debugged per man-day. Of course some take all day to just get one to work...others are faster. But the 1 script an hour rule isn't a bad way to think about any of these languages.
Codeless script generation (ie recording) was tossed out years ago as unreliable and unmaintainable. But a whole new generation popped up in the last few years that changed that (for example Test Designer in Appvance IQ). It generates your test in open-source javascript as the tester uses the application. And self-heals broken accessors at each subsequent run. Data driven of course. We have measured this at 4X - 10X faster than writing selenium scripts. But it depends on the application and skill of the QA engineer. Others have introduced recorders as well with different languages and features (Functionize, Mabel etc). I really suggest you look in to some of these.
AI test generation was first introduced in 2017. The technology has rapidly progressed to where AIQ can generate 600 scripts per minute unaided by humans. Thats wicked fast. We cannot compare 7 scripts a day to 6000 in 10 minutes.
But how good are these? Are they valid and valuable user flows?
To date we have found that a mix of maybe 10-20 QA designed scripts alongside 5000 or so AI generated scripts provides the right balance of coverage and assurance of very specific user flows. In the end the QA team must report back up the chain that certain items completely work in the current build. Whether or not AI thought it was a valuable exercise to test that flow. So we have found this combination is critical for assurance.
For the dozens of clients using AI test generation daily from us, they indeed have dropped all use of Selenium. That was their own choice over some months. They found that specific cases can be generated faster in AIQ Test Designer (recorder) and self-healed. And the rest of the coverage generated by AI. So that left no place for Selenium.
Since Selenium is so pervasive, someone will still be using it a decade from now. But as AI test generation and advanced new recorders become more commonplace and more reliable, it does seem to squeeze out the need for true manual selenium coding as we have done for the past 15 years.
Of course, Selenium is free. AI isn't. For small dev teams free is a pretty great choice. but for large enterprises with budget, AI driven testing can have a meaningful ROI despite the cost of the technology.
disclaimer - I work for [appvance.ai](https://www.appvance.ai) and I am sharing my own experience helping teams roll out AI driven testing. |
36,566 | The rate at which AI tools keep coming up feels like they are going to replace Selenium and other conventional automation tools sooner than we think. But, as of now what are the real life practical limitations of such tools? Can somebody share their project experience?
**EDIT:**
This question is basically asking to address the limitations of AI backed "codeless" automation tools like the one described above when compared to Selenium (or other "codeful" automation tools). | 2018/11/25 | [
"https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/36566",
"https://sqa.stackexchange.com",
"https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/33686/"
] | First of all: "Selenium automates browsers. That's it!" (Quote from [SeleniumHQ](https://www.seleniumhq.org/).) It provides an open-source, standardized, and widely-used interface to drive browsers, respectively, web applications. This not just enables developers/testers/… to use it for testing purposes, but also it can be used by vendors to build different kinds of testing tools/frameworks/… on top of it. Because of this, I think that a) Selenium is gonna stay for a very long time and b) the progress in the field of AI-based testing is mostly unrelated to Selenium's lifetime expectations.
>
> "Because some things will be better done using them. Other things will be better done using Selenium" My question is to know exactly what those things are.
>
>
>
Since you mention products like mabl and Testim, I assume you focus on GUI-based system testing for web applications? Today, most of such (off-the-shelf) tools that incorporate some sort of AI basically can be divided into the following two main categories (although some also fit in both):
1. Test maintenance: the tool takes care of maintenance tasks such as updating locators after changes or carrying out special checks to detect visual differences.
2. Test generation: the tool generates actual tests that can be executed. For instance, automated exploration to find broken links or the creation of regression test suites.
When it comes to test maintenance, machines can—as already pointed out by [João Farias](https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/36567/21973)—easily process vast amounts of data, which is a huge advantage here. For instance, when the system under test (SUT) changes, you often find yourself fixing a bunch of locators. In contrast, machines can use historical data to assign new and old locators in order to "auto-heal" tests.
However, in the case of test generation, humans are usually superior. While machines can use various techniques to create non-functional tests, they have a hard time to generate actual functional tests that effectively cover particular use cases and business needs. In general, I think this relates to the testing vs. checking debate (see my answer [here](https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/29477/21973)). | First of all, lets set some context on why this is the situation, then I will share my thoughts on limitations of AI based tools.
For the past several decades, the biggest challenge with automated testing has been the issue of **maintenance**. How many times have you been in this situation where, say you write 10 tests, you run them and it passes. You are super happy!!! Then, you come in the next day only to find out that all the 10 tests are failing because the elements in the pages have changed. I have been in this situation so many times. *Research suggests that on an average, a tester spends 30% of his/her time in just maintaining these tests*. Can you imagine the opportunity cost associated with this effort?
Then, we have couple of other issues. One is the **availability of skilled resources**, as they are expensive and getting the right kind of people to do test automation takes considerable amount of time and effort. Then, we have the **cost of getting these resources and training them** as they quite often do not come cheap.
Selenium is a great open source framework to do test automation and it is FREE, but suffers because of the above mentioned issues. That is why we have AI based testing tools and they have become popular in the past few years. Companies started thinking ***“When someone can provide all these features for us, why do I have to suffer by doing everything on my own with the Selenium framework?”***. This is exactly what happened which has resulted in people moving away from the Selenium framework to more robust vendor solutions. This is ***just like how people thought “Wow I love Blackberry’s” and then the iPhone came in and made Blackberry’s non-existent because the iPhone could provide all the features in one package***; and some of the features even the customers did not know they needed them but got hooked on to it.
This being said, it does not mean Selenium is going to get replaced. It is just going to force the open source community (The chief committers to the Selenium project) to do more work and try to fix the existing problems with the framework and make it more easier to use even for non-technical people. Again remember that, the Selenium framework is maintained by people who like to help the community and most of them do not get paid to do it. So what you see is what you get and we cannot complain about it. Rather, look at the advantages and limitations and make our automation suite better.
Speaking of limitations, AI tools do have their own limitations just like Selenium.
* Each vendor tool you see currently are good in one aspect of test automation like either authoring, execution or maintenance. There are very few tools that do all 3 seamlessly in an integrated way
* Most of the tools have some algorithm behind the scenes trying to do self-healing i.e fixing issues proactively before they occur. In order for the algorithms to get smarter, it needs more data and more users. So, until the vendors have a lot of users using their product the algorithm may not have sufficient data to get smarter. In summary, it is going to take some more time to have complete autonomous testing
* Most of the tools are focused on making test automation easier and more stable but do not do complete test management with fancy dashboards and reporting like HP/ALM, TestRail etc.
* Most of the tool vendors do not have 24/7 customer support to help users get used to the tool and the AI behind the scenes.
* There are no open source AI based tools. So you will have to pay to use the features of these tools unlike Selenium which is FREE
So it all boils down to what you want to do, how much time, effort and cost you are willing to put in for test automation.
Hope this helps
-Raj |
36,566 | The rate at which AI tools keep coming up feels like they are going to replace Selenium and other conventional automation tools sooner than we think. But, as of now what are the real life practical limitations of such tools? Can somebody share their project experience?
**EDIT:**
This question is basically asking to address the limitations of AI backed "codeless" automation tools like the one described above when compared to Selenium (or other "codeful" automation tools). | 2018/11/25 | [
"https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/36566",
"https://sqa.stackexchange.com",
"https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/33686/"
] | First of all, lets set some context on why this is the situation, then I will share my thoughts on limitations of AI based tools.
For the past several decades, the biggest challenge with automated testing has been the issue of **maintenance**. How many times have you been in this situation where, say you write 10 tests, you run them and it passes. You are super happy!!! Then, you come in the next day only to find out that all the 10 tests are failing because the elements in the pages have changed. I have been in this situation so many times. *Research suggests that on an average, a tester spends 30% of his/her time in just maintaining these tests*. Can you imagine the opportunity cost associated with this effort?
Then, we have couple of other issues. One is the **availability of skilled resources**, as they are expensive and getting the right kind of people to do test automation takes considerable amount of time and effort. Then, we have the **cost of getting these resources and training them** as they quite often do not come cheap.
Selenium is a great open source framework to do test automation and it is FREE, but suffers because of the above mentioned issues. That is why we have AI based testing tools and they have become popular in the past few years. Companies started thinking ***“When someone can provide all these features for us, why do I have to suffer by doing everything on my own with the Selenium framework?”***. This is exactly what happened which has resulted in people moving away from the Selenium framework to more robust vendor solutions. This is ***just like how people thought “Wow I love Blackberry’s” and then the iPhone came in and made Blackberry’s non-existent because the iPhone could provide all the features in one package***; and some of the features even the customers did not know they needed them but got hooked on to it.
This being said, it does not mean Selenium is going to get replaced. It is just going to force the open source community (The chief committers to the Selenium project) to do more work and try to fix the existing problems with the framework and make it more easier to use even for non-technical people. Again remember that, the Selenium framework is maintained by people who like to help the community and most of them do not get paid to do it. So what you see is what you get and we cannot complain about it. Rather, look at the advantages and limitations and make our automation suite better.
Speaking of limitations, AI tools do have their own limitations just like Selenium.
* Each vendor tool you see currently are good in one aspect of test automation like either authoring, execution or maintenance. There are very few tools that do all 3 seamlessly in an integrated way
* Most of the tools have some algorithm behind the scenes trying to do self-healing i.e fixing issues proactively before they occur. In order for the algorithms to get smarter, it needs more data and more users. So, until the vendors have a lot of users using their product the algorithm may not have sufficient data to get smarter. In summary, it is going to take some more time to have complete autonomous testing
* Most of the tools are focused on making test automation easier and more stable but do not do complete test management with fancy dashboards and reporting like HP/ALM, TestRail etc.
* Most of the tool vendors do not have 24/7 customer support to help users get used to the tool and the AI behind the scenes.
* There are no open source AI based tools. So you will have to pay to use the features of these tools unlike Selenium which is FREE
So it all boils down to what you want to do, how much time, effort and cost you are willing to put in for test automation.
Hope this helps
-Raj | Comparing Selenium to AI driven testing is not exactly the right way to think about it. But an interesting proposition and question.
Selenium and Cypress and CodedUI and others are simply ways to automate browser tests at the UI level. We all know these are brittle and challenged with modern UI libraries. But they are mature (Selenium is 15 years old now) and function as a language to automate UI actions. When Selenium was introduced it was a godsend. But that was 2004.
I read a study recently that on average 7 selenium scripts can be fully written and debugged per man-day. Of course some take all day to just get one to work...others are faster. But the 1 script an hour rule isn't a bad way to think about any of these languages.
Codeless script generation (ie recording) was tossed out years ago as unreliable and unmaintainable. But a whole new generation popped up in the last few years that changed that (for example Test Designer in Appvance IQ). It generates your test in open-source javascript as the tester uses the application. And self-heals broken accessors at each subsequent run. Data driven of course. We have measured this at 4X - 10X faster than writing selenium scripts. But it depends on the application and skill of the QA engineer. Others have introduced recorders as well with different languages and features (Functionize, Mabel etc). I really suggest you look in to some of these.
AI test generation was first introduced in 2017. The technology has rapidly progressed to where AIQ can generate 600 scripts per minute unaided by humans. Thats wicked fast. We cannot compare 7 scripts a day to 6000 in 10 minutes.
But how good are these? Are they valid and valuable user flows?
To date we have found that a mix of maybe 10-20 QA designed scripts alongside 5000 or so AI generated scripts provides the right balance of coverage and assurance of very specific user flows. In the end the QA team must report back up the chain that certain items completely work in the current build. Whether or not AI thought it was a valuable exercise to test that flow. So we have found this combination is critical for assurance.
For the dozens of clients using AI test generation daily from us, they indeed have dropped all use of Selenium. That was their own choice over some months. They found that specific cases can be generated faster in AIQ Test Designer (recorder) and self-healed. And the rest of the coverage generated by AI. So that left no place for Selenium.
Since Selenium is so pervasive, someone will still be using it a decade from now. But as AI test generation and advanced new recorders become more commonplace and more reliable, it does seem to squeeze out the need for true manual selenium coding as we have done for the past 15 years.
Of course, Selenium is free. AI isn't. For small dev teams free is a pretty great choice. but for large enterprises with budget, AI driven testing can have a meaningful ROI despite the cost of the technology.
disclaimer - I work for [appvance.ai](https://www.appvance.ai) and I am sharing my own experience helping teams roll out AI driven testing. |
233,483 | I have an Acer Aspire 5532, and it used to have a scroll option on it, on the side of the touchpad. I used a regular mouse plugged into the USB drive for a while, with the touchpad disabled, but it broke and I'm back to using the regular touchpad. however, somehow the scroll option got disabled and after quite a bit of trying I still can't figure out how to re-enable it. does anyone know how? | 2011/01/15 | [
"https://superuser.com/questions/233483",
"https://superuser.com",
"https://superuser.com/users/63222/"
] | You may be having a driver issue if the above solution doesn't take you to any touchpad options. I know on a clean install on my dell laptop, my touchpad scroll didn't work until i reinstalled the driver. Acer drivers are available at <http://support.acer.com/Default.aspx>
To access your model go to Drivers & Downloads under the Service & Support link on the menu, install whatever you need under touchpads, and then "change mouse wheel settings" should work (again, if it doesn't already). | just hit Fn (function key) and F9 at the same time. Same thing happened to me. Couldn't figure it out for a year. Felt like an idiot when I found out how to turn it on again. |
233,483 | I have an Acer Aspire 5532, and it used to have a scroll option on it, on the side of the touchpad. I used a regular mouse plugged into the USB drive for a while, with the touchpad disabled, but it broke and I'm back to using the regular touchpad. however, somehow the scroll option got disabled and after quite a bit of trying I still can't figure out how to re-enable it. does anyone know how? | 2011/01/15 | [
"https://superuser.com/questions/233483",
"https://superuser.com",
"https://superuser.com/users/63222/"
] | I fixed the problem by clicking Windows » Start, typing "touchpad" into search and clicking on "update drivers".
Update Synaptics, then restart and it'll all be good. | It worked for me after I installed this driver: [TouchPad Synaptics driver](http://www.synaptics.com/en/drivers.php). |
233,483 | I have an Acer Aspire 5532, and it used to have a scroll option on it, on the side of the touchpad. I used a regular mouse plugged into the USB drive for a while, with the touchpad disabled, but it broke and I'm back to using the regular touchpad. however, somehow the scroll option got disabled and after quite a bit of trying I still can't figure out how to re-enable it. does anyone know how? | 2011/01/15 | [
"https://superuser.com/questions/233483",
"https://superuser.com",
"https://superuser.com/users/63222/"
] | In Windows 7, you can go into the start menu and type "change mouse wheel settings" and you should be able to edit your touchpad's settings there. | It's actually quite simple. Follow the below steps:
>
> Setting -> Mouse -> Additional mouse options -> ELAN (block on the far right) -> click on the smart pad name -> and apply your personal settings!
>
>
> |
233,483 | I have an Acer Aspire 5532, and it used to have a scroll option on it, on the side of the touchpad. I used a regular mouse plugged into the USB drive for a while, with the touchpad disabled, but it broke and I'm back to using the regular touchpad. however, somehow the scroll option got disabled and after quite a bit of trying I still can't figure out how to re-enable it. does anyone know how? | 2011/01/15 | [
"https://superuser.com/questions/233483",
"https://superuser.com",
"https://superuser.com/users/63222/"
] | I fixed the problem by clicking Windows » Start, typing "touchpad" into search and clicking on "update drivers".
Update Synaptics, then restart and it'll all be good. | just hit Fn (function key) and F9 at the same time. Same thing happened to me. Couldn't figure it out for a year. Felt like an idiot when I found out how to turn it on again. |
233,483 | I have an Acer Aspire 5532, and it used to have a scroll option on it, on the side of the touchpad. I used a regular mouse plugged into the USB drive for a while, with the touchpad disabled, but it broke and I'm back to using the regular touchpad. however, somehow the scroll option got disabled and after quite a bit of trying I still can't figure out how to re-enable it. does anyone know how? | 2011/01/15 | [
"https://superuser.com/questions/233483",
"https://superuser.com",
"https://superuser.com/users/63222/"
] | You may be having a driver issue if the above solution doesn't take you to any touchpad options. I know on a clean install on my dell laptop, my touchpad scroll didn't work until i reinstalled the driver. Acer drivers are available at <http://support.acer.com/Default.aspx>
To access your model go to Drivers & Downloads under the Service & Support link on the menu, install whatever you need under touchpads, and then "change mouse wheel settings" should work (again, if it doesn't already). | It's actually quite simple. Follow the below steps:
>
> Setting -> Mouse -> Additional mouse options -> ELAN (block on the far right) -> click on the smart pad name -> and apply your personal settings!
>
>
> |
233,483 | I have an Acer Aspire 5532, and it used to have a scroll option on it, on the side of the touchpad. I used a regular mouse plugged into the USB drive for a while, with the touchpad disabled, but it broke and I'm back to using the regular touchpad. however, somehow the scroll option got disabled and after quite a bit of trying I still can't figure out how to re-enable it. does anyone know how? | 2011/01/15 | [
"https://superuser.com/questions/233483",
"https://superuser.com",
"https://superuser.com/users/63222/"
] | I fixed the problem by clicking Windows » Start, typing "touchpad" into search and clicking on "update drivers".
Update Synaptics, then restart and it'll all be good. | It's actually quite simple. Follow the below steps:
>
> Setting -> Mouse -> Additional mouse options -> ELAN (block on the far right) -> click on the smart pad name -> and apply your personal settings!
>
>
> |
6,347,683 | Tomcat only implements the *web container* of the Java Enterprise Edition architecture. In contrast, e.g. GlassFish implements a *full Java EE stack*. This [has been discussed](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3821640/what-is-difference-between-tomcat-and-jboss-and-glassfish) a lot on stackoverflow.
However, for a Java EE beginner like me it is hard to imagine what cannot be done with Tomcat. Could you please give some short examples? | 2011/06/14 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/6347683",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/344480/"
] | From the [Apache tomcat documentation](http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ/Miscellaneous#Q21):
>
> Is tomcat an EJB server? Can I use EJBs with tomcat?
>
>
> Tomcat is not an EJB server. Tomcat is not a full J2EE server. Tomcat is a Servlet container. Tomcat does support those parts of the J2EE specification that are required for Servlets, such as a subset of JNDI functionality. Furthermore, you can connect to remote J2EE servers, or run tomcat embedded inside a full J2EE server.
>
>
>
Some of the differences this implies is...
* Tomcat can only handle WARs, not EARs
* Tomcat does not support any types of EJBs (like Session Beans, MDBs, Timers, etc.)
* Tomcat has no JPA support
* Tomcat has limited JNDI functionality (not sure of the details here)
Tomcat can be used inside of an J2EE conatiner to use as the web conatiner.
Tomcat is much lighter-weight regarding resources and file system foot prints.
If you need J2EE functionality, my suggestion would be to bite the bullet and use Glassfish despite the complexity and resource requirements (compared to tomcat, Glassfish is quite easy to use compared to others like Weblogic, and JBoss). If not, stick with tomcat, it will keep things simple and fast for you. Either way, it isn't hard to switch your project packaging later and swap out containers. | EJBs - Stateless Session Beans, Stateful Session beans
Message driven beans
EJB Timers
JPA (EJB3.0)
This is a very basic list. there are many more features that Tomcat doesn't have. |
6,347,683 | Tomcat only implements the *web container* of the Java Enterprise Edition architecture. In contrast, e.g. GlassFish implements a *full Java EE stack*. This [has been discussed](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3821640/what-is-difference-between-tomcat-and-jboss-and-glassfish) a lot on stackoverflow.
However, for a Java EE beginner like me it is hard to imagine what cannot be done with Tomcat. Could you please give some short examples? | 2011/06/14 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/6347683",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/344480/"
] | There are a large number of technologies/capabilities that are part of Java EE. Some of them are available as part of the Tomcat download, others can be added to a Tomcat based environment and some cannot be added to a Tomcat environment.
Deploy an EJB jar onto Tomcat: No.
Call Remote methods of an EJB running in an EJB container: Yes.
Deploy a RAR onto Tomcat: No.
Deploy an EAR onto Tomcat: No.
Deploy an Application Client jar onto Tomcat: No.
Cobble together a way to host a Java Web Startable app that calls Remote methods of an EJB running in an EJB container: Yes
Use JSF as the framework for your app: Yes, but you need to package an implementation in your app or install it onto your server.
Create a program that leverages JSR-88 to manage deployment of war files onto Tomcat: No... not that this is a huge loss.
Use JSR-77 MEJBs to manage your Tomcat server: No... another not huge loss.
Create web apps that provide SOAP web services: Yes... but you will need to get the tools and libraries as part of a separate download and integrate them with your workflow, application and server runtime yourself.
Create web apps that use JPA: Yes... but you will need to the tools and libraries as part of a separate download and integrate them with your workflow, application and server runtime yourself.
Create web apps that use CDI: Yes... but you will need to the tools and libraries as part of a separate download and integrate them with your workflow, application and server runtime yourself. | EJBs - Stateless Session Beans, Stateful Session beans
Message driven beans
EJB Timers
JPA (EJB3.0)
This is a very basic list. there are many more features that Tomcat doesn't have. |
6,347,683 | Tomcat only implements the *web container* of the Java Enterprise Edition architecture. In contrast, e.g. GlassFish implements a *full Java EE stack*. This [has been discussed](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3821640/what-is-difference-between-tomcat-and-jboss-and-glassfish) a lot on stackoverflow.
However, for a Java EE beginner like me it is hard to imagine what cannot be done with Tomcat. Could you please give some short examples? | 2011/06/14 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/6347683",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/344480/"
] | From the [Apache tomcat documentation](http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ/Miscellaneous#Q21):
>
> Is tomcat an EJB server? Can I use EJBs with tomcat?
>
>
> Tomcat is not an EJB server. Tomcat is not a full J2EE server. Tomcat is a Servlet container. Tomcat does support those parts of the J2EE specification that are required for Servlets, such as a subset of JNDI functionality. Furthermore, you can connect to remote J2EE servers, or run tomcat embedded inside a full J2EE server.
>
>
>
Some of the differences this implies is...
* Tomcat can only handle WARs, not EARs
* Tomcat does not support any types of EJBs (like Session Beans, MDBs, Timers, etc.)
* Tomcat has no JPA support
* Tomcat has limited JNDI functionality (not sure of the details here)
Tomcat can be used inside of an J2EE conatiner to use as the web conatiner.
Tomcat is much lighter-weight regarding resources and file system foot prints.
If you need J2EE functionality, my suggestion would be to bite the bullet and use Glassfish despite the complexity and resource requirements (compared to tomcat, Glassfish is quite easy to use compared to others like Weblogic, and JBoss). If not, stick with tomcat, it will keep things simple and fast for you. Either way, it isn't hard to switch your project packaging later and swap out containers. | There are a large number of technologies/capabilities that are part of Java EE. Some of them are available as part of the Tomcat download, others can be added to a Tomcat based environment and some cannot be added to a Tomcat environment.
Deploy an EJB jar onto Tomcat: No.
Call Remote methods of an EJB running in an EJB container: Yes.
Deploy a RAR onto Tomcat: No.
Deploy an EAR onto Tomcat: No.
Deploy an Application Client jar onto Tomcat: No.
Cobble together a way to host a Java Web Startable app that calls Remote methods of an EJB running in an EJB container: Yes
Use JSF as the framework for your app: Yes, but you need to package an implementation in your app or install it onto your server.
Create a program that leverages JSR-88 to manage deployment of war files onto Tomcat: No... not that this is a huge loss.
Use JSR-77 MEJBs to manage your Tomcat server: No... another not huge loss.
Create web apps that provide SOAP web services: Yes... but you will need to get the tools and libraries as part of a separate download and integrate them with your workflow, application and server runtime yourself.
Create web apps that use JPA: Yes... but you will need to the tools and libraries as part of a separate download and integrate them with your workflow, application and server runtime yourself.
Create web apps that use CDI: Yes... but you will need to the tools and libraries as part of a separate download and integrate them with your workflow, application and server runtime yourself. |
277,164 | I know the antonym of "to" is "from".
>
> 1. He went to the station.
> 2. He came from the station.
>
>
>
I am searching for a preposition opposite in meaning to "toward", but I could not find it, so I use "side" as follows:
>
> 3. He went toward the station.
> 4. He came from the station side.
>
>
>
Is there any preposition opposite in meaning to "toward"? | 2021/03/08 | [
"https://ell.stackexchange.com/questions/277164",
"https://ell.stackexchange.com",
"https://ell.stackexchange.com/users/46924/"
] | I'm not sure this qualifies as a preposition, but if your aim is to express only the person’s *direction* of travel, and not where they are traveling to or from, then you could change #4 to:
>
> 4. He came from the direction of the station.
>
>
>
Given that aim, however, note that #3 can also be read as suggesting more than just direction. Your "went toward” isn't as emphatic as "went to", but it does still hint at the station being the person's destination. If you want to make it clearer that they are merely traveling in that direction, then #3 might be better changed as well, to something like:
>
> 3. He went in the direction of the station.
>
>
> | The opposite of *toward X* is usually *away from X*.
>
> He went toward the station.
>
>
>
>
> He went away from the station.
>
>
>
This works with *come*:
>
> He came toward the station side.
>
>
>
>
> He came away from the station side.
>
>
>
Note that:
*X goes toward Y* and *X comes toward Y* will mean that at the end, X will be *closer* to Y but not necessarily *at* Y.
*X goes away from Y* and *X comes away from Y* will mean that at the end, X will be *further* from Y but not necessarily completely out of the sight of Y. |
1,002,974 | The font size I need to match the design I have is 85pt, which is extremely large. In IE6 and IE7, my design is affected because the divs that contain these elements become larger than they normally are, and as a result, elements under these are pushed further down, somewhat breaking the design. I have the height defined for these elements and when I decrease the font size, the elements begin to shrink to the correct size. I've added line-height: 0; to the element and this works in all modern browsers.
Unfortunately, the design I'm working on cannot be shown publicly, but I was hoping to get some insight into other possible techniques that I could try to get the design to render correctly. The height of the parent element is 144px, which includes 10px padding on top and bottom and a top and bottom 1px border.
Unfortunately there's not a lot more that I can add to this, but I'll include whatever info I can if asked. | 2009/06/16 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/1002974",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/94656/"
] | Convert the font-sizes to pixels and use px instead of pt. Make sure there that padding, margin and border is 0. Verify that there are no whitespace in your HTML except for between words. Whitespace can end up being displayed as a newline or space, making elements bigger than intended. Also don't set line-height to 0, set it to either auto or the same as font-size. | My first thought when reading your post was to adjust the line-height, but since you've already done that, I'm not sure how much more can be done. From your summary, I gather that the design cannot be modified to account for the large font sizes.
Another answerer recommended using pixel sizes, but I would recommend using ems as they are percentage dimensions and will be more consistent across browsers, screens, and resolutions.
Line-height can be left as 0 (or set it to the height of the parent element), but you will likely see the text floating over other elements if the text's height surpasses the line-height.
Any possible way you could use an image for the text instead? That's really the only fool-proof method for getting all browsers to look consistent. |
1,002,974 | The font size I need to match the design I have is 85pt, which is extremely large. In IE6 and IE7, my design is affected because the divs that contain these elements become larger than they normally are, and as a result, elements under these are pushed further down, somewhat breaking the design. I have the height defined for these elements and when I decrease the font size, the elements begin to shrink to the correct size. I've added line-height: 0; to the element and this works in all modern browsers.
Unfortunately, the design I'm working on cannot be shown publicly, but I was hoping to get some insight into other possible techniques that I could try to get the design to render correctly. The height of the parent element is 144px, which includes 10px padding on top and bottom and a top and bottom 1px border.
Unfortunately there's not a lot more that I can add to this, but I'll include whatever info I can if asked. | 2009/06/16 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/1002974",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/94656/"
] | line-height:0 is a great start. However, I'm a little concerned about the 10px padding on the parent element. Whenever you mix padding with IE, you start to lose control over width & height.
I'd start by removing the padding-top on the parent and convert that into a margin-top:10px on the actual child element. If that still gives you trouble, remove the margin and try a position:relative on the child with a top:10px.
Finally, try adding a overflow:hidden to your parent element to force it to not budge when the font-size gets larger.
All this depends on what your child element actually is. If you convert it to an inline element (like a span, em, or strong) it might help alleviate some rendering issues, depending on your predefined styles.
Another thing to consider - are you using floats? Sometimes you'll get a double-float issue with IE and floats. A quick google for "IE double float" will show you why.
Does that help? | Convert the font-sizes to pixels and use px instead of pt. Make sure there that padding, margin and border is 0. Verify that there are no whitespace in your HTML except for between words. Whitespace can end up being displayed as a newline or space, making elements bigger than intended. Also don't set line-height to 0, set it to either auto or the same as font-size. |
1,002,974 | The font size I need to match the design I have is 85pt, which is extremely large. In IE6 and IE7, my design is affected because the divs that contain these elements become larger than they normally are, and as a result, elements under these are pushed further down, somewhat breaking the design. I have the height defined for these elements and when I decrease the font size, the elements begin to shrink to the correct size. I've added line-height: 0; to the element and this works in all modern browsers.
Unfortunately, the design I'm working on cannot be shown publicly, but I was hoping to get some insight into other possible techniques that I could try to get the design to render correctly. The height of the parent element is 144px, which includes 10px padding on top and bottom and a top and bottom 1px border.
Unfortunately there's not a lot more that I can add to this, but I'll include whatever info I can if asked. | 2009/06/16 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/1002974",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/94656/"
] | Thank you all for your input. Originally I needed absolute positioning on the element in question, while the parent element had relative positioning. However, using this with line-height: 0 caused the text to disappear in IE6 and 7; after trying to figure out where the text was initially, I removed absolute positioning and decided to leave the text left aligned in IE6 and 7, which affected the position of other elements as a result. I revisited the original absolute positioning and added border to the element to reveal its location. Doing this showed that it was exactly as I defined it: an element with a line-height of 0px, so the top and bottom borders were next to each other. For IE6 and 7, I defined line-height: 100%; and my text was almost where I needed it. I added top and the needed pixels and now my element is in the correct position with its line-height not affecting any of the other elements because of the positioning.
Thank you all again for your assistance. | Convert the font-sizes to pixels and use px instead of pt. Make sure there that padding, margin and border is 0. Verify that there are no whitespace in your HTML except for between words. Whitespace can end up being displayed as a newline or space, making elements bigger than intended. Also don't set line-height to 0, set it to either auto or the same as font-size. |
1,002,974 | The font size I need to match the design I have is 85pt, which is extremely large. In IE6 and IE7, my design is affected because the divs that contain these elements become larger than they normally are, and as a result, elements under these are pushed further down, somewhat breaking the design. I have the height defined for these elements and when I decrease the font size, the elements begin to shrink to the correct size. I've added line-height: 0; to the element and this works in all modern browsers.
Unfortunately, the design I'm working on cannot be shown publicly, but I was hoping to get some insight into other possible techniques that I could try to get the design to render correctly. The height of the parent element is 144px, which includes 10px padding on top and bottom and a top and bottom 1px border.
Unfortunately there's not a lot more that I can add to this, but I'll include whatever info I can if asked. | 2009/06/16 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/1002974",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/94656/"
] | line-height:0 is a great start. However, I'm a little concerned about the 10px padding on the parent element. Whenever you mix padding with IE, you start to lose control over width & height.
I'd start by removing the padding-top on the parent and convert that into a margin-top:10px on the actual child element. If that still gives you trouble, remove the margin and try a position:relative on the child with a top:10px.
Finally, try adding a overflow:hidden to your parent element to force it to not budge when the font-size gets larger.
All this depends on what your child element actually is. If you convert it to an inline element (like a span, em, or strong) it might help alleviate some rendering issues, depending on your predefined styles.
Another thing to consider - are you using floats? Sometimes you'll get a double-float issue with IE and floats. A quick google for "IE double float" will show you why.
Does that help? | My first thought when reading your post was to adjust the line-height, but since you've already done that, I'm not sure how much more can be done. From your summary, I gather that the design cannot be modified to account for the large font sizes.
Another answerer recommended using pixel sizes, but I would recommend using ems as they are percentage dimensions and will be more consistent across browsers, screens, and resolutions.
Line-height can be left as 0 (or set it to the height of the parent element), but you will likely see the text floating over other elements if the text's height surpasses the line-height.
Any possible way you could use an image for the text instead? That's really the only fool-proof method for getting all browsers to look consistent. |
1,002,974 | The font size I need to match the design I have is 85pt, which is extremely large. In IE6 and IE7, my design is affected because the divs that contain these elements become larger than they normally are, and as a result, elements under these are pushed further down, somewhat breaking the design. I have the height defined for these elements and when I decrease the font size, the elements begin to shrink to the correct size. I've added line-height: 0; to the element and this works in all modern browsers.
Unfortunately, the design I'm working on cannot be shown publicly, but I was hoping to get some insight into other possible techniques that I could try to get the design to render correctly. The height of the parent element is 144px, which includes 10px padding on top and bottom and a top and bottom 1px border.
Unfortunately there's not a lot more that I can add to this, but I'll include whatever info I can if asked. | 2009/06/16 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/1002974",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/94656/"
] | Thank you all for your input. Originally I needed absolute positioning on the element in question, while the parent element had relative positioning. However, using this with line-height: 0 caused the text to disappear in IE6 and 7; after trying to figure out where the text was initially, I removed absolute positioning and decided to leave the text left aligned in IE6 and 7, which affected the position of other elements as a result. I revisited the original absolute positioning and added border to the element to reveal its location. Doing this showed that it was exactly as I defined it: an element with a line-height of 0px, so the top and bottom borders were next to each other. For IE6 and 7, I defined line-height: 100%; and my text was almost where I needed it. I added top and the needed pixels and now my element is in the correct position with its line-height not affecting any of the other elements because of the positioning.
Thank you all again for your assistance. | My first thought when reading your post was to adjust the line-height, but since you've already done that, I'm not sure how much more can be done. From your summary, I gather that the design cannot be modified to account for the large font sizes.
Another answerer recommended using pixel sizes, but I would recommend using ems as they are percentage dimensions and will be more consistent across browsers, screens, and resolutions.
Line-height can be left as 0 (or set it to the height of the parent element), but you will likely see the text floating over other elements if the text's height surpasses the line-height.
Any possible way you could use an image for the text instead? That's really the only fool-proof method for getting all browsers to look consistent. |
418,282 | I've recently been watching some streamers on TwitchTV. I noticed sometimes they used a higher pitch at the beginning of a sentence for content/important words.
For example in a conversation between two people, I heard "**I'm** good today", "**I'm** done with you", etc.
Normally, if I'm right, it should be "I'm **good** today", or "I'm **done** with you." (This is what I have learned at school).
So I assume that this kind of intonation must serve some specific purpose right?
Thanks guys. | 2017/11/13 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/418282",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/266778/"
] | Yes, it means *I'm* good today, but I can speak only for myself; perhaps you or everybody else is, or I don't know if you or anyone else is-but as for me, *I'm good*. Perhaps you're not. (Or I could imply that it seems you're not, but I am not saying this explicitly.) More context could help determine the exact connotation.
Likewise, I don't know about anyone else but *I'm* done with you. Maybe Joe's not, better ask him. But I am. | When a word is emphasized vocally this way it is known as a *pitch word*.
[What are pitch words:](https://pronuncian.com/pitch-words/)
>
> Pitch words are the single most important word of an intonation unit
> in a spoken English sentence. They are given more vocal emphasis than
> any other word in the intonation unit and also use pitch changes to
> convey subtle meaning. - Pronuncian.com
>
>
>
You create a pitch word by altering the pitch of the word, the length of the word or the volume of the word, or any combination thereof.
***Normally, if I'm right, it should be "I'm good today", or "I'm done with you." (This is what I have learnt from school)***
There is no right or wrong with pitch words, the words you pitch affect the meaning of your sentence subtly, so the decision about which words to emphasize in this way will be dependent on the meaning you wish to express.
Taking your example (using bold to indicate the pitched word):
>
> "**I'm** good today"
>
>
>
The above intonation places stress on the word *I'm*. The listeners attention is placed mostly on the individual speaking, the *I* of the sentence.
How does this impact meaning? Well, the listener is now focused on the speaker, and presumably about what they are going to say next about themself. Also this stress places emphasis on the pronoun of the sentence, it would make transitioning into a sentence where you want to place emphasis on another pronoun more natural, e.g:
>
> **I'm** good today... How are **you**?
>
>
>
In this case the pitch word is being used to *contrast* between two things, this is a common use of pitched words.
Taking your second example:
>
> "I'm **good** today"
>
>
>
Here you can see that the emphasis (emphasis is another common use of pitched words) is on the quality of state that the person is experiencing - they are feeling *good*. The listeners attention is placed more squarely on the experience that the speaker is having, and less on them as an individual.
In addition to emphasis and contrast, [pronuncian.com](https://pronuncian.com/pitch-words/) list two other uses for the pitched word: to *highlight new information*, and to *show uncertainty*.
You can listen to audio examples of the four main uses:
1. Emphasis.
2. Highlighting new information.
3. Showing uncertainty, and
4. Contrasting.
At the page linked above. |
114,078 | >
> **Possible Duplicate:**
>
> [VB.Net vs C# debate](https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/1180/vb-net-vs-c-debate)
>
>
>
Are there any actual reasons why company should choose VB.NET over C#?
I work for a company which develops medical software and switched from VB6 to VB.NET several years ago. There were two reasons to switch to VB.NET but not to C# at that moment:
1. VB.NET is more similar to VB6 and it should make it easier for
developers to switch to .NET world
2. VB.NET had a better support for COM than C#
The first reason is not serious as VB6 and VB.NET are two different worlds and there is no significant difference between switching from VB6 to VB.NET or C#. The second reason is not actual after C# 4 release.
Our company eventually switched to C# (and yes, we now have modules in VB6, VB.NET and C#; and even some modules in C++) because:
1. It is easier to find developers in C#
2. .NET world is C#-oriented: Visual Studio works better with C#, Resharper has better support for C#, etc.
I am just curious whether there are still some reasons for company to choose VB.NET over C#. | 2011/10/13 | [
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/114078",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/users/7369/"
] | Mostly legacy reasons:
* Existing devs don't know C#
* Lots of existing VB6 / VB.Net code
* Hard to find C# devs locally
* Stuck on earlier versions of Visual Studio (which had better inlellisense for VB.Net)
* Prior investment in VB.Net tools (e.g. only having VB.Net version of Resharper)
* Liking VB.Net more than C# | Developer background... I have that situation at my new job right now. I come from a C# background, but the others developers (2) that already worked in the company come from a VB.net background |
62,870 | What about if you have two gears on the crank. I used a 5/8 open wrench to take out my original pedals on my Schwinn Sierra and the new 9/16 pedals won't go in - they're too big. What size would it need? I'd like to use an adapter. | 2019/06/29 | [
"https://bicycles.stackexchange.com/questions/62870",
"https://bicycles.stackexchange.com",
"https://bicycles.stackexchange.com/users/44228/"
] | First verify that you are in fact trying to screw the left pedal into the left crank arm and the right pedal into the right crank arm. The pedals are sometimes marked with a R and L on the end of the threaded section. The left side is the side your left hand is on while riding. There are 2 common size pedal threads. Many children's bikes, some lower cost department store bikes and some folding bikes use 1/2" thread on the pedal . Most others use a 9/16" thread on the pedal. My guess is you bought 9/16" pedals and they are too large to screw in to your crank arms. While they make adapters to use 1/2" pedals in 9/16" holes there is not one for the reverse. As an alternative you can ask your local bike shop to determine if the crank arm has enough material to modify it to the 9/16" thread. This likely more expensive them getting the correct pedals. | It's 5/8" pedals .good luck finding them. Mid school mongoose and schwinn used this size pedal for a few bikes and some old school bikes. I have a mongoose crank and I can't find these size pedals anywhere! |
62,870 | What about if you have two gears on the crank. I used a 5/8 open wrench to take out my original pedals on my Schwinn Sierra and the new 9/16 pedals won't go in - they're too big. What size would it need? I'd like to use an adapter. | 2019/06/29 | [
"https://bicycles.stackexchange.com/questions/62870",
"https://bicycles.stackexchange.com",
"https://bicycles.stackexchange.com/users/44228/"
] | You can't get an adapter to fit a big pin in a small hole, without pushing the pedals farther apart horizontally. To keep the pedals at he same distance, you'd have to drill out the holes to a larger diameter and then rethread them, which probably isn't practical. Just take the pedals back to the shop for a refund and buy pedals in the correct size (which is apparently 1/2in). | It's 5/8" pedals .good luck finding them. Mid school mongoose and schwinn used this size pedal for a few bikes and some old school bikes. I have a mongoose crank and I can't find these size pedals anywhere! |
62,870 | What about if you have two gears on the crank. I used a 5/8 open wrench to take out my original pedals on my Schwinn Sierra and the new 9/16 pedals won't go in - they're too big. What size would it need? I'd like to use an adapter. | 2019/06/29 | [
"https://bicycles.stackexchange.com/questions/62870",
"https://bicycles.stackexchange.com",
"https://bicycles.stackexchange.com/users/44228/"
] | 9/16" - 1/2" crank adapters can be found online but do work out quite expensive.
[Not an endorsement](https://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B0037N6NCG/ref=cm_sw_r_cp_apa_i_g6pgDbRVVV63E) but an example of what to search for.
I notice the OP asked for adapters but considering the price and the fact with the adapters fitted your pedals will protrude further than normal, my actual suggestion is what others have said above and replace the pedals for 1/2" pedals to fit your crank. | It's 5/8" pedals .good luck finding them. Mid school mongoose and schwinn used this size pedal for a few bikes and some old school bikes. I have a mongoose crank and I can't find these size pedals anywhere! |
35,059 | My 3 year old doesn't go to sleep until late after 11pm and wakes up by 7.30am. Is this ok? She sleeps for 2 to 3 hours in the afternoon until 5pm.
Since birth she hasn't slept properly. | 2018/10/14 | [
"https://parenting.stackexchange.com/questions/35059",
"https://parenting.stackexchange.com",
"https://parenting.stackexchange.com/users/33427/"
] | I completely agree with @Nilah's answer. 11 to 15 hours of sleep is normal for a child her age.
Physically draining activities are usually the best for getting a child into a normal sleep pattern. For example, my daughter is 4; I wake her up as I get ready for work at 7am. As soon as she gets up, I make her breakfast, sit her at the table and let her eat while I finish getting ready. By 7:30am she is done with breakfast and heading into the garage to play with her toys. By 11am she's eating lunch and then her and her brother go into the backyard with my wife to run around and play. They don't come back inside for at least an hour. She eats dinner at 5pm, bath at 6, and in bed by 7:30pm; I let her play in her room or watch her T.V. if she wants, but it's lights out by 8pm and she's going to sleep, usually she's out cold on her own around 7:45pm.
That nap in the afternoon is one of the biggest issues keeping her up until 11pm. If she doesn't take a nap so late, or doesn't take one at all, and she's physically exhausted from playing all day, she will go to bed at what we as adults consider a decent hour. | 11 to 15 hours of sleep is normal for a 3-year-old. To sleep better make her play more physical games like riding bicycle, jumping, running etc. in the evening and a fulfilled dinner around 7pm and change her sleeping to 9 pm. |
35,059 | My 3 year old doesn't go to sleep until late after 11pm and wakes up by 7.30am. Is this ok? She sleeps for 2 to 3 hours in the afternoon until 5pm.
Since birth she hasn't slept properly. | 2018/10/14 | [
"https://parenting.stackexchange.com/questions/35059",
"https://parenting.stackexchange.com",
"https://parenting.stackexchange.com/users/33427/"
] | I completely agree with @Nilah's answer. 11 to 15 hours of sleep is normal for a child her age.
Physically draining activities are usually the best for getting a child into a normal sleep pattern. For example, my daughter is 4; I wake her up as I get ready for work at 7am. As soon as she gets up, I make her breakfast, sit her at the table and let her eat while I finish getting ready. By 7:30am she is done with breakfast and heading into the garage to play with her toys. By 11am she's eating lunch and then her and her brother go into the backyard with my wife to run around and play. They don't come back inside for at least an hour. She eats dinner at 5pm, bath at 6, and in bed by 7:30pm; I let her play in her room or watch her T.V. if she wants, but it's lights out by 8pm and she's going to sleep, usually she's out cold on her own around 7:45pm.
That nap in the afternoon is one of the biggest issues keeping her up until 11pm. If she doesn't take a nap so late, or doesn't take one at all, and she's physically exhausted from playing all day, she will go to bed at what we as adults consider a decent hour. | At the age of three a child rapidly grows and the best time of growing a child is during deep sleep. Sleeping 11 to 15 hours daily is the best cycle for three ager. However I have few suggestion which increase a child sleeping hours.
1 diet having solid ingredients
2 drinking of milk at least 250 ml milk before sleep at night
3. Involve in physical activities in evening
4. Avoid him to spent more time in front of tv, laptop or cell phone. |
382,052 | How does an optocoupler filter noise?
As an illustrative example, below three remote sensors are receiving pulses from a single source:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/GsCPT.png)
In the top scheme there is no optocoupler/optoisolator. In the second scheme there is an optocoupler(colored in green) right before each sensor.
And i actually tested this. I first connected the source pulse train to a 100m coaxial cable and at the end of the cable I hooked it up to an oscilloscope. I didn't perform noise analysis but the first thing I noticed was there random was ringing twice the pulse amplitude seen on the scope.
Then I used an optocoupler an the ringing completely disappeared.
This made me believe that the optoisolator really works good for long distances.
One thing I can see that it separates the ground of the source and the receiver. But that would I guess only take care of the 60/50Hz ground loop noise.
How is an optocoupler/isolator filtering the noise? How can we understand the logic behind? | 2018/06/27 | [
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/382052",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/users/125197/"
] | >
> Then I used an optocoupler an the ringing completely disappeared.
>
>
>
You applied a load at the end of the cable and found that it reduced transmission line reflections to a reasonably low level. This shouldn't mean: -
>
> This made me believe that the optoisolator really works good for long
> distances.
>
>
>
That would be an incorrect assumption based on your observation. When sending pulses down a cable, to avoid reflections and ringing you use a cable terminating resistor. The opto removed excess energy from the signal as it came across what would be an open circuit and the load that the opto supplied made things better.
>
> One thing I can see that it separates the ground of the source and the
> receiver. But that would I guess only take care of the 60/50Hz ground
> loop noise.
>
>
>
That is a pretty good reason for using an opto coupler - it also prevents destructive earth fault currents passing through sensitive measurement apparatus. It is an effective counter-measure to common-mode noise or interference. | The analysis is simple.
The isolation in the optocoupler is very high resistance but ~ 25 pF coupling capacitance. The input ESR of the diode is low (Zt or ESR = 10 ) + current limiting R . The Common Mode impedance across the interface is thus very high 100M?//25pF and this reduces output voltage/current by the load impedance.
The stray mutual inductance of a long cable depends on stray wires nearby carrying currents with cable capacitance causing a ripple effect of induced DC noise pulses and/or AC “hum” due this high mutual coupling impedance. When the paired input wires are not balanced or shielded or have low mutual impedance to say earth ground, then they pick up noise voltage. Thus EM shielding and filtering is often used as well as Opto isolation. |
382,052 | How does an optocoupler filter noise?
As an illustrative example, below three remote sensors are receiving pulses from a single source:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/GsCPT.png)
In the top scheme there is no optocoupler/optoisolator. In the second scheme there is an optocoupler(colored in green) right before each sensor.
And i actually tested this. I first connected the source pulse train to a 100m coaxial cable and at the end of the cable I hooked it up to an oscilloscope. I didn't perform noise analysis but the first thing I noticed was there random was ringing twice the pulse amplitude seen on the scope.
Then I used an optocoupler an the ringing completely disappeared.
This made me believe that the optoisolator really works good for long distances.
One thing I can see that it separates the ground of the source and the receiver. But that would I guess only take care of the 60/50Hz ground loop noise.
How is an optocoupler/isolator filtering the noise? How can we understand the logic behind? | 2018/06/27 | [
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/382052",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/users/125197/"
] | >
> Then I used an optocoupler an the ringing completely disappeared.
>
>
>
You applied a load at the end of the cable and found that it reduced transmission line reflections to a reasonably low level. This shouldn't mean: -
>
> This made me believe that the optoisolator really works good for long
> distances.
>
>
>
That would be an incorrect assumption based on your observation. When sending pulses down a cable, to avoid reflections and ringing you use a cable terminating resistor. The opto removed excess energy from the signal as it came across what would be an open circuit and the load that the opto supplied made things better.
>
> One thing I can see that it separates the ground of the source and the
> receiver. But that would I guess only take care of the 60/50Hz ground
> loop noise.
>
>
>
That is a pretty good reason for using an opto coupler - it also prevents destructive earth fault currents passing through sensitive measurement apparatus. It is an effective counter-measure to common-mode noise or interference. | One thing not mentioned: **isolation** for **ground loop** prevention
In circuits with many loads and components, sometimes the current transfer from the ground and generate an error for analog and digital input/output.
I saw many errors in the circuit without isolation for long cable and high power circuit.
Isolation helps us analyzing each circuit separately. In the complicated circuit, when all parts have one ground many problems such as ground loop, coupling with transformer and etc may arise which analyzing errors are hard. |
382,052 | How does an optocoupler filter noise?
As an illustrative example, below three remote sensors are receiving pulses from a single source:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/GsCPT.png)
In the top scheme there is no optocoupler/optoisolator. In the second scheme there is an optocoupler(colored in green) right before each sensor.
And i actually tested this. I first connected the source pulse train to a 100m coaxial cable and at the end of the cable I hooked it up to an oscilloscope. I didn't perform noise analysis but the first thing I noticed was there random was ringing twice the pulse amplitude seen on the scope.
Then I used an optocoupler an the ringing completely disappeared.
This made me believe that the optoisolator really works good for long distances.
One thing I can see that it separates the ground of the source and the receiver. But that would I guess only take care of the 60/50Hz ground loop noise.
How is an optocoupler/isolator filtering the noise? How can we understand the logic behind? | 2018/06/27 | [
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/382052",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/users/125197/"
] | One thing not mentioned: **isolation** for **ground loop** prevention
In circuits with many loads and components, sometimes the current transfer from the ground and generate an error for analog and digital input/output.
I saw many errors in the circuit without isolation for long cable and high power circuit.
Isolation helps us analyzing each circuit separately. In the complicated circuit, when all parts have one ground many problems such as ground loop, coupling with transformer and etc may arise which analyzing errors are hard. | The analysis is simple.
The isolation in the optocoupler is very high resistance but ~ 25 pF coupling capacitance. The input ESR of the diode is low (Zt or ESR = 10 ) + current limiting R . The Common Mode impedance across the interface is thus very high 100M?//25pF and this reduces output voltage/current by the load impedance.
The stray mutual inductance of a long cable depends on stray wires nearby carrying currents with cable capacitance causing a ripple effect of induced DC noise pulses and/or AC “hum” due this high mutual coupling impedance. When the paired input wires are not balanced or shielded or have low mutual impedance to say earth ground, then they pick up noise voltage. Thus EM shielding and filtering is often used as well as Opto isolation. |
73,490 | Is there a precise definition of weakly informative prior?
How is it different from a subjective prior with broad support? | 2013/10/22 | [
"https://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/73490",
"https://stats.stackexchange.com",
"https://stats.stackexchange.com/users/8960/"
] | The above comment is accurate. For a quantitive discussion, there are a number of "uninformative" priors in the literature. See for example Jeffreys' prior; see earlier post [What is an "uninformative prior"? Can we ever have one with truly no information?](https://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/20520/what-is-an-uninformative-prior-can-we-ever-have-one-with-truly-no-information/20751#20751)
They are defined in different ways, but the key is that they do not place too much probability in any particular interval (and hence favor those values) with the uniform distribution being a canonical example. The idea is to let the data determine where the mode is. | Further to Eupraxis1981's discussion of informative priors, you can think of the "information" in a prior as inversely proportional to its variance. Consider a prior with near zero variance: you're basically saying "before looking at the data, I'm almost positive I already know the location of the true value of the statistic." Conversely, if you set a really wide variance, you're saying "without looking at the data, I have really no assumptions about the true value of the parameter. It could be pretty much anywhere, and I won't be that surprised. I've got hunch it's probably near the mode of my prior, but if it turns out to be far from the mode I won't actually be surprised."
Uninformative priors are attempts to bring no prior assumptions into your analysis (how successful they are is open to debate). But it's entirely possible and sometimes useful for a prior to be only "weakly" informative. |
164,373 | In the following sentence I want to understand the meaning of the bolded part:
>
> The light from most stars takes millions of years to reach us, so not only the present existence of these stars debatable, but so are ***the very concepts of the "present" and "existence".***
>
>
>
What does it mean? | 2014/04/17 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/164373",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/69193/"
] | It refers to the fact that *stars* have been existing for millions of years, and their light takes millions of years to reach us, to be visible to us. So, when we see theirs light, are the stars form which the light is sent still in existence? If not, can we say that they still exist because we see their light at present? | >
> The light from most stars takes millions of years to reach us, so not only the present existence of these stars debatable, **but so are the very concepts of the "present" and "existence".**
>
>
>
Einstein's Special Relativity showed that anything that is far away in space is also distant in time. That is counterintuitive, but it seems to have held up in experiments. So the idea of "the present" meaning "at this same moment" now only works for something that is also "present" in the other sense, meaning "here."
I also so not understand how the concept of existence is made debatable by the distance and by relativity. Maybe the author claimed a little too much? |
15,697 | There is a sensational [article](http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/medical_examiner/2013/04/wormwood_tea_to_treat_malaria_the_who_is_opposed_to_an_effective_preventive.html) in slate that says there's an herbal tea containing Artemisia that will prevent malaria that is being discouraged by the establishment because it could cause resistance to future drugs. Does this tea actually work? | 2013/04/05 | [
"https://skeptics.stackexchange.com/questions/15697",
"https://skeptics.stackexchange.com",
"https://skeptics.stackexchange.com/users/8410/"
] | I agree with Larry at the crucial parts of the article. To explain a bit:
The WHO is nowhere near hiding Artemisia for anti-malaria medication. In fact, four drugs prepared from the plant are on their [list of essential medicines](http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2011/a95053_eng.pdf).
But: these are to be used in drug combinations. What the WHO is very much concerned about is [drug resistance](http://www.who.int/malaria/diagnosis_treatment/arcp/en/), which is also mentioned in the article:
>
> [M]alaria experts worry that unregulated use of this tea could cause the malaria parasite to develop resistance to artemisinin drugs.
>
>
>
Now about the arguments the article has in favor of the home-grown tea:
>
> [A] randomized controlled trial on this farm showed that workers who drank it regularly reduced their risk of suffering from multiple episodes of malaria by one-third.
>
>
>
Meaning that 2/3 of people run around with a dosage of the artemisinin that is too low to prevent malaria. And not only 2/3 of the patients, but 2/3 of the population and all the time. This is a very promising condition for breeding resistance.
The fact that
>
> in Wagagai, after years of preventive use, resistance has not sprung up.
>
>
>
just means that they have been lucky so far.
Neither can the fact that
>
> artemisinin resistance is [found] on the Thai-Cambodian border, where conventional artemisinin drugs are used
>
>
>
be an excuse for advertising a practice that increases the risk of resistance.
BTW, finding resistance where the conventional drugs are used is not entirely unexpected. For one thing, also with the proper medication, [underdosage is not uncommon](http://www.irinnews.org/report/95059/KENYA-Malaria-drug-effectiveness-hit-by-under-dosage), and [there are low quality/dosage counterfeit drugs](http://www.malariajournal.com/content/10/1/352).
[This post](http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/news/091201_malaria) gives a similar discussion for the region in Cambodia where the resistance came up.
In their statement ["Effectiveness of Non-Pharmaceutical Forms of Artemisia annua L. against malaria"](http://www.who.int/malaria/publications/atoz/position_statement_herbal_remedy_artemisia_annua_l/en/index.html) the WHO explains that
* Total recovery of artemisinin from plant leaves was found to **vary by a factor of 150**
This prevents any practicable recommendation for dosing the tea.
* the leaves need to be stored cool and dry to prevent loss in artemisinin
* In the end, the prepared tea has too low artemisinin concentration:
>
> In order to receive a dose equivalent to a 500 mg artemisinin tablet or capsule, patients would be required to drink as much as 5 litres of A. annua tea per day [...] In practice malaria patients are drinking only 1 litre
>
>
>
So the result of the tea is currently a severe underdosage.
* They also cite studies who found eating plant material more effective than drinking the tea, but nevertheless a high recurrence rate was observed, to that is still not an effective treatment.
Here's a newspaper article in German about a [desastrous failure of establishing Artemisia farms in east africa](http://www.zeit.de/2011/14/M-Artemisinin/seite-2). Among other interesting details, there is a sentence
>
> Growing Artemisa plants is not as easy as the aid and development agencies thought.
>
>
>
That is, the plants did grow, but the small farmers didn't get the drug content that was achieved in the test beds, and the extraction of the artemisinin yielded only half of the content (plus possibly other quality issues).
So I understand the WHO is not against the use of Artemisia, but it is strictly opposed to advertising a "use" of the plant in ways that are ineffective and create a severe risk of worsening the situation. | Although thought-provoking, the article doesn't claim either that the tea "will prevent malaria" or that the WHO is "trying to hide" it.
Rather [it says](http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/medical_examiner/2013/04/wormwood_tea_to_treat_malaria_the_who_is_opposed_to_an_effective_preventive.html):
>
> [A] randomized controlled trial on this farm showed that workers who drank it regularly reduced their risk of suffering from multiple episodes of malaria by one-third.
>
>
>
and
>
> [M]alaria experts worry that unregulated use of this tea could cause the malaria parasite to develop resistance to artemisinin drugs.
>
>
>
The closest thing to "hiding" the drug is this troubling paragraph:
>
> When Ogwang tried to publish the results in Malaria Journal, a reviewer largely praised the quality of the science but nixed publication out of concern that use of the tea could render ACTs ineffective. It’s a remarkably patronizing recommendation: that a scientific journal should keep the latest evidence out of the hands of Africans, lest they begin treating themselves. Marcel Hommel, editor in chief of the journal, defends the decision, saying, “It is the responsibility of an editor to avoid publishing papers that promote interventions which could potentially put patients at risk.” Ogwang eventually published his results in a less prestigious journal.
>
>
> |
123,164 | In Preview on OS X 10.9 Mavericks, is it possible to change the color to something other than yellow, green, blue, pink, purple? I know it is possible to highlight in other colors because I did it while using Preview for the first time after upgrading to Mavericks, but now that I've changed I can't seem to change back.
 | 2014/03/05 | [
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/123164",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/users/11114/"
] | Unfortunately, that workaround no longer works in Yosemite.
Instead, you can use this small utility to modify the color externally.
<http://qiita.com/cielavenir/items/eb9c24085c202d72c0ab>
(confirmed to be working also on Mavericks) | I'm using El Capitan. In Preview choose View-->Customize Toolbar...
Select the highlight tool and add it to your tool bar.
Now you can hit the dropdown arrow and choose a color for highlighting. |
123,164 | In Preview on OS X 10.9 Mavericks, is it possible to change the color to something other than yellow, green, blue, pink, purple? I know it is possible to highlight in other colors because I did it while using Preview for the first time after upgrading to Mavericks, but now that I've changed I can't seem to change back.
 | 2014/03/05 | [
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/123164",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/users/11114/"
] | 1. Select the underline option
2. Underline text by selecting
3. Right click on underlined text and change it to a highlight color
4. Underline text again by selecting
5. Right click again on underlined text and choose a different color
The new highlighted color will be a mix of the two different colors.
Sort of like mixing food coloring; for example try mixing two yellows with a pink.
 | Unfortunately, that workaround no longer works in Yosemite.
Instead, you can use this small utility to modify the color externally.
<http://qiita.com/cielavenir/items/eb9c24085c202d72c0ab>
(confirmed to be working also on Mavericks) |
123,164 | In Preview on OS X 10.9 Mavericks, is it possible to change the color to something other than yellow, green, blue, pink, purple? I know it is possible to highlight in other colors because I did it while using Preview for the first time after upgrading to Mavericks, but now that I've changed I can't seem to change back.
 | 2014/03/05 | [
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/123164",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/users/11114/"
] | I'm afraid this is not possbile anymore as Apple removed the workaround via the Fonts-Menu.
Discussed in the Apple Support Forum here :
<https://discussions.apple.com/thread/4145911?start=15&tstart=0>
(same problem with underline colors)
and on MacRumors here :
<http://forums.macrumors.com/showthread.php?t=1658053>
where they discussed what has changed since ML. | To change the highlight color simply right click a highlighted selection then choose another color |
123,164 | In Preview on OS X 10.9 Mavericks, is it possible to change the color to something other than yellow, green, blue, pink, purple? I know it is possible to highlight in other colors because I did it while using Preview for the first time after upgrading to Mavericks, but now that I've changed I can't seem to change back.
 | 2014/03/05 | [
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/123164",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/users/11114/"
] | I'm afraid this is not possbile anymore as Apple removed the workaround via the Fonts-Menu.
Discussed in the Apple Support Forum here :
<https://discussions.apple.com/thread/4145911?start=15&tstart=0>
(same problem with underline colors)
and on MacRumors here :
<http://forums.macrumors.com/showthread.php?t=1658053>
where they discussed what has changed since ML. | Unfortunately, that workaround no longer works in Yosemite.
Instead, you can use this small utility to modify the color externally.
<http://qiita.com/cielavenir/items/eb9c24085c202d72c0ab>
(confirmed to be working also on Mavericks) |
123,164 | In Preview on OS X 10.9 Mavericks, is it possible to change the color to something other than yellow, green, blue, pink, purple? I know it is possible to highlight in other colors because I did it while using Preview for the first time after upgrading to Mavericks, but now that I've changed I can't seem to change back.
 | 2014/03/05 | [
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/123164",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/users/11114/"
] | 1. Select the underline option
2. Underline text by selecting
3. Right click on underlined text and change it to a highlight color
4. Underline text again by selecting
5. Right click again on underlined text and choose a different color
The new highlighted color will be a mix of the two different colors.
Sort of like mixing food coloring; for example try mixing two yellows with a pink.
 | To change the highlight color simply right click a highlighted selection then choose another color |
123,164 | In Preview on OS X 10.9 Mavericks, is it possible to change the color to something other than yellow, green, blue, pink, purple? I know it is possible to highlight in other colors because I did it while using Preview for the first time after upgrading to Mavericks, but now that I've changed I can't seem to change back.
 | 2014/03/05 | [
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/123164",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/users/11114/"
] | There is another workaround, which is actually a bug I think, but mah...
1. Suppose you want to underline in blue. Highlight something in blue.
2. Right-click on what you just highlighted, and make it underlined instead.
3. Select the underline tool.
4. Do cmd-z twice. This will remove the underline you just did.
5. Underline what you want: it will be underlined in blue! :)
Steps 2 and 3 are actually interchangeable.
**Edit**: I have actually better:
1. Write any text with color 1.
2. Change its color to color 2.
3. Select the highlight or underline tool.
4. Do cmd-z. This should change the text color back to color 1. (If it is not the case, make sure the text you have written is not selected.)
5. You now have the underline/highlight tool selected with the color box accessible. Select your color (even if already selected), then highlight/underline.
This was my Preview bug finding day :) Enjoy! | To change the highlight color simply right click a highlighted selection then choose another color |
123,164 | In Preview on OS X 10.9 Mavericks, is it possible to change the color to something other than yellow, green, blue, pink, purple? I know it is possible to highlight in other colors because I did it while using Preview for the first time after upgrading to Mavericks, but now that I've changed I can't seem to change back.
 | 2014/03/05 | [
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/123164",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/users/11114/"
] | There is another workaround, which is actually a bug I think, but mah...
1. Suppose you want to underline in blue. Highlight something in blue.
2. Right-click on what you just highlighted, and make it underlined instead.
3. Select the underline tool.
4. Do cmd-z twice. This will remove the underline you just did.
5. Underline what you want: it will be underlined in blue! :)
Steps 2 and 3 are actually interchangeable.
**Edit**: I have actually better:
1. Write any text with color 1.
2. Change its color to color 2.
3. Select the highlight or underline tool.
4. Do cmd-z. This should change the text color back to color 1. (If it is not the case, make sure the text you have written is not selected.)
5. You now have the underline/highlight tool selected with the color box accessible. Select your color (even if already selected), then highlight/underline.
This was my Preview bug finding day :) Enjoy! | Unfortunately, that workaround no longer works in Yosemite.
Instead, you can use this small utility to modify the color externally.
<http://qiita.com/cielavenir/items/eb9c24085c202d72c0ab>
(confirmed to be working also on Mavericks) |
123,164 | In Preview on OS X 10.9 Mavericks, is it possible to change the color to something other than yellow, green, blue, pink, purple? I know it is possible to highlight in other colors because I did it while using Preview for the first time after upgrading to Mavericks, but now that I've changed I can't seem to change back.
 | 2014/03/05 | [
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/123164",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/users/11114/"
] | There is another workaround, which is actually a bug I think, but mah...
1. Suppose you want to underline in blue. Highlight something in blue.
2. Right-click on what you just highlighted, and make it underlined instead.
3. Select the underline tool.
4. Do cmd-z twice. This will remove the underline you just did.
5. Underline what you want: it will be underlined in blue! :)
Steps 2 and 3 are actually interchangeable.
**Edit**: I have actually better:
1. Write any text with color 1.
2. Change its color to color 2.
3. Select the highlight or underline tool.
4. Do cmd-z. This should change the text color back to color 1. (If it is not the case, make sure the text you have written is not selected.)
5. You now have the underline/highlight tool selected with the color box accessible. Select your color (even if already selected), then highlight/underline.
This was my Preview bug finding day :) Enjoy! | I'm using El Capitan. In Preview choose View-->Customize Toolbar...
Select the highlight tool and add it to your tool bar.
Now you can hit the dropdown arrow and choose a color for highlighting. |
123,164 | In Preview on OS X 10.9 Mavericks, is it possible to change the color to something other than yellow, green, blue, pink, purple? I know it is possible to highlight in other colors because I did it while using Preview for the first time after upgrading to Mavericks, but now that I've changed I can't seem to change back.
 | 2014/03/05 | [
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/123164",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/users/11114/"
] | Unfortunately, that workaround no longer works in Yosemite.
Instead, you can use this small utility to modify the color externally.
<http://qiita.com/cielavenir/items/eb9c24085c202d72c0ab>
(confirmed to be working also on Mavericks) | To change the highlight color simply right click a highlighted selection then choose another color |
123,164 | In Preview on OS X 10.9 Mavericks, is it possible to change the color to something other than yellow, green, blue, pink, purple? I know it is possible to highlight in other colors because I did it while using Preview for the first time after upgrading to Mavericks, but now that I've changed I can't seem to change back.
 | 2014/03/05 | [
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/123164",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/users/11114/"
] | I'm afraid this is not possbile anymore as Apple removed the workaround via the Fonts-Menu.
Discussed in the Apple Support Forum here :
<https://discussions.apple.com/thread/4145911?start=15&tstart=0>
(same problem with underline colors)
and on MacRumors here :
<http://forums.macrumors.com/showthread.php?t=1658053>
where they discussed what has changed since ML. | I'm using El Capitan. In Preview choose View-->Customize Toolbar...
Select the highlight tool and add it to your tool bar.
Now you can hit the dropdown arrow and choose a color for highlighting. |
86,980 | I am a veteran with Photoshop but somewhat of a newbie with Illustrator. I am working on creating this vector self-portrait...
I have a layer called 'Silhouette' which forms the main background of the portrait, which other shapes layered on top...
I'm just wondering, is there any way to easily select the portion of the image in Illustrator (which I have highlighted in orange in Photoshop for demonstration purpose... Magic wand tool: bam, done.) and convert this to a shape? Or do I still have to create the shape/paths manually?
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/6Ny3g.png)
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/5juJ2.png) | 2017/03/17 | [
"https://graphicdesign.stackexchange.com/questions/86980",
"https://graphicdesign.stackexchange.com",
"https://graphicdesign.stackexchange.com/users/20829/"
] | DISCLAIMER
----------
*@Lucian and @Yorik's answers both were useful and I found it hard to judge one 'better' than the other. Additionally, each answer was missing some info. I took Lucian's advice and did my own research and this answer represents what I learned in that process. I'm posting so others can benefit from my efforts.*
MY RESEARCH
-----------
Thanks to everyone who answered, especially Lucian & Yorik. The information provided led me down a wonderful rabbit-hole of exploration into revolutionary art forms of the 20th century. In addition to the suggested terms "[assemblage art](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assemblage_(art))", Duchamp, readymade, and "[appropriation art](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appropriation_(art))", I discovered related terms and names like "[bricolage](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bricolage)", "[combine painting](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combine_painting)", "[mixed media](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixed_media)" and [neo-dada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neo-Dada). I was amazed at how [Janice Lowry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janice_Lowry)'s shadowboxes reminded me the video for the 1990's metal song "[Sober](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hglVqACd1C8)", by Tool.
### Still shot from Tool's 'Sober' video: Is this assemblage, or is it appropriation?
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/XcSfH.png)
### One of Janice Lowry's assemblage shadowboxes
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/18Tno.jpg)
The most important things I've distilled from the two answers given:
1. A **designer** is someone who arranges things and what they create are new arrangements
2. Ideally, avoid using other people's work commercially.
3. **Appropriationism** is an artistic philosophy which embraces non-originality. It is characterized by significantly using another artist's work with very little alteration, or original input, and is highly controversial as it borders on plagiarism.
4. A collage is a collage, whether it is tangible or digital.
5. ***There never has been a requirement to make your own "everything".***
6. **Assemblage art** is taking found objects and arranging and/or modifying them into something new.
[Bricolage](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assemblage_(art)) was another term that didn't quite make the cut. In some cases the term would be appropriate, but according to Wikipedia, it basically means "using what you have on hand", which is essentially improvisation, or to use a more recent term, [macgyverism](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/MacGyverism) "after the US television show MacGyver (1985-1992) in which the eponymous secret agent resolves crises through practical application of scientific knowledge and inventive use of common items." (Wiktionary)
Ultimately, I have learned indirectly that **one can be both a designer and an artist, but the two are not necessarily the same thing**. According to Merriam-Webster.com, a designer is "a person who plans how something new will look and be made", which seems to be the original meaning (though in the information age the term has been conflated with or, started to take on the meaning of artist or creator, as well).
SO WHAT IS THE ANSWER?
----------------------
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/YKsMX.jpg)
I there one term that describes a person who takes other's art and rearranges and edits it to make it a new thing? I believe that a term is in need of being coined, which I will propose in the Language Stack Exchange. If I had to pick something right now I would just call the person a **[DESIGNER](http://www.dictionary.com/browse/designer)**. Which begs a new question: "*What is the term for somebody who creates digital art from scratch, using no templates, just freehand drawing?*" However, that is a question for another post.
Thanks again to all who contributed! | Example one is called "origami," the fact that it uses patterned paper is immaterial; example two is called "collage," the fact that they are downloaded instead of clipped from magazines is immaterial; and example three is called a "readymade," or "found object."
Stock photography is simply a step removed from hiring a photographer for taking shots for you "on spec." There never has been a requirement to make your own "everything." Downloading from google is probably a form of copyright infringement however.
Perhaps a single word would be "assemblage." |
86,980 | I am a veteran with Photoshop but somewhat of a newbie with Illustrator. I am working on creating this vector self-portrait...
I have a layer called 'Silhouette' which forms the main background of the portrait, which other shapes layered on top...
I'm just wondering, is there any way to easily select the portion of the image in Illustrator (which I have highlighted in orange in Photoshop for demonstration purpose... Magic wand tool: bam, done.) and convert this to a shape? Or do I still have to create the shape/paths manually?
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/6Ny3g.png)
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/5juJ2.png) | 2017/03/17 | [
"https://graphicdesign.stackexchange.com/questions/86980",
"https://graphicdesign.stackexchange.com",
"https://graphicdesign.stackexchange.com/users/20829/"
] | DISCLAIMER
----------
*@Lucian and @Yorik's answers both were useful and I found it hard to judge one 'better' than the other. Additionally, each answer was missing some info. I took Lucian's advice and did my own research and this answer represents what I learned in that process. I'm posting so others can benefit from my efforts.*
MY RESEARCH
-----------
Thanks to everyone who answered, especially Lucian & Yorik. The information provided led me down a wonderful rabbit-hole of exploration into revolutionary art forms of the 20th century. In addition to the suggested terms "[assemblage art](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assemblage_(art))", Duchamp, readymade, and "[appropriation art](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appropriation_(art))", I discovered related terms and names like "[bricolage](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bricolage)", "[combine painting](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combine_painting)", "[mixed media](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixed_media)" and [neo-dada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neo-Dada). I was amazed at how [Janice Lowry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janice_Lowry)'s shadowboxes reminded me the video for the 1990's metal song "[Sober](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hglVqACd1C8)", by Tool.
### Still shot from Tool's 'Sober' video: Is this assemblage, or is it appropriation?
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/XcSfH.png)
### One of Janice Lowry's assemblage shadowboxes
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/18Tno.jpg)
The most important things I've distilled from the two answers given:
1. A **designer** is someone who arranges things and what they create are new arrangements
2. Ideally, avoid using other people's work commercially.
3. **Appropriationism** is an artistic philosophy which embraces non-originality. It is characterized by significantly using another artist's work with very little alteration, or original input, and is highly controversial as it borders on plagiarism.
4. A collage is a collage, whether it is tangible or digital.
5. ***There never has been a requirement to make your own "everything".***
6. **Assemblage art** is taking found objects and arranging and/or modifying them into something new.
[Bricolage](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assemblage_(art)) was another term that didn't quite make the cut. In some cases the term would be appropriate, but according to Wikipedia, it basically means "using what you have on hand", which is essentially improvisation, or to use a more recent term, [macgyverism](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/MacGyverism) "after the US television show MacGyver (1985-1992) in which the eponymous secret agent resolves crises through practical application of scientific knowledge and inventive use of common items." (Wiktionary)
Ultimately, I have learned indirectly that **one can be both a designer and an artist, but the two are not necessarily the same thing**. According to Merriam-Webster.com, a designer is "a person who plans how something new will look and be made", which seems to be the original meaning (though in the information age the term has been conflated with or, started to take on the meaning of artist or creator, as well).
SO WHAT IS THE ANSWER?
----------------------
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/YKsMX.jpg)
I there one term that describes a person who takes other's art and rearranges and edits it to make it a new thing? I believe that a term is in need of being coined, which I will propose in the Language Stack Exchange. If I had to pick something right now I would just call the person a **[DESIGNER](http://www.dictionary.com/browse/designer)**. Which begs a new question: "*What is the term for somebody who creates digital art from scratch, using no templates, just freehand drawing?*" However, that is a question for another post.
Thanks again to all who contributed! | Since you used the word "art", Duchamp used other people's work to create his own in pre-internet times and nobody called him a "thief". Arguably, times are different now, but I would still call you a designer. You take things and you re-arrange and re-compose and deliver a new arrangement. Ideally, you should avoid using other people's work commercially.
The proper term would be [appropriation art](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appropriation_(art)) in a broader sense.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/8TWHQ.jpg) |
30,757 | I've read several artical about it, but can't seem to understand this. What sort of routing algorithm is typically used in the fat-tree topology? | 2016/05/27 | [
"https://networkengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/30757",
"https://networkengineering.stackexchange.com",
"https://networkengineering.stackexchange.com/users/25697/"
] | It depends if your tree is layer 2 or layer 3. Either way, you need a protocol that provides equal-cost multi-path (ECMP), so you can use parallel paths from source to destination. | **Multi-path Routing:**
Ex. *ECMP*:
Without it, the largest cluster = 1,280 nodes. It helps to perform static load splitting among data flows. It Leads to over subscription for simple communication patterns. Routing table entries grows multiplicatively with number of paths, cost ++, lookup latency ++. |
3,419,915 | At work I'm constantly being told that when changes are made to a MySQL db that the views need to be 'refreshed'. The accepted manual solution seems to be going into Workbench, right clicking, and hitting 'Refresh All'
Is this just meant to be clearing the cache? Or does that rebuild the views from scratch, or is this totally bogus? They seem to be able to tell when views have not been 'refreshed', and I'm not sure they understand it any more than, "Because things need to be refreshed when they are changed."
If it is just clearing the cache, would 'FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK' be enough? | 2010/08/05 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/3419915",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/137695/"
] | Views do not need to be refreshed when the *data* changes. When you query them they will fetch the newest data.
They might need to be recreated if your *table structure* changes:
>
> The view definition is “frozen” at creation time, so changes to the underlying tables afterward do not affect the view definition. For example, if a view is defined as SELECT \* on a table, new columns added to the table later do not become part of the view.
>
>
>
[Source](http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/create-view.html) | I was working on a project and my **view** didn't show new data because I was trying to make a **join** on a **NULL** field to another table. So I just updated the new data with a correct value for that field and it worked. |
174,826 | I'm an Indian passport holder. My brother and I are planning a 2-week trip through South East Asia namely Thailand, Singapore, and Malaysia (in that order). This week I'll be applying for visas through VFS global (not sure if there is any other way). Anyway, since India is the country where all these visas will be issued, I wonder the following:
Are we expected to enter Singapore and Malaysia from India? We want to enter Singapore from Thailand and Malaysia from Singapore (all by air and not road), are we allowed to do so? | 2022/07/10 | [
"https://travel.stackexchange.com/questions/174826",
"https://travel.stackexchange.com",
"https://travel.stackexchange.com/users/129534/"
] | A visa is permission to enter a country.
Where you're coming *from* doesn't matter. If you have a visa permitting you to entry country x, you can arrive in x from any other country. (There are restrictions on ports of entry for some travel between India and Nepal, and sometimes other country combinations, but that's not asked-about in this question.)
It's worth noting that in the current time of covid, there are often covid-specific requirements as well: while some countries in the recent past refused entry to travelers who've been in other, specified locations during the past days or weeks, those prohibitions have disappeared. Many countries do, however, require travelers to show proof of vaccination or to quarantine. A reputable source for such travel information is [Sherpa](https://apply.joinsherpa.com/map?affiliateId=sherpa&language=en-US). Both Singapore and Malaysia require quarantine if the traveler is unvaccinated. | Some specific answer for this itenary.
Yes, you are allowed to enter from any country, provided your visa rule allows that. I have travelled 7 countries successively once and there was no issues.
Regarding your itenary, you can take visa as follows.
1. Thailand has visa on arrival. You have to take travel insurance that covers covid. For Thai airways and most other, it might be included in airfare, or there is a box to check to purchase. See when you book that. No need for VFSglobal.
2. Singapore. You have to take visa from any travel agent. You have to submit your bank statements and proof that you are working (or equivalent). You will usually get it in a week or so. You may have to submit the passport. You will get a separate paper to print and show. Get vaccination certificate from here - <https://go.gov.sg/vcp-portal> , After uploading your 'Travel vaccination certificate' from cowin, which contains your passport and date of birth. 3 days prior to arrival in Singapore, fill arrival card online - <https://eservices.ica.gov.sg/sgarrivalcard/>. If you have a friend or relative who is a PR/citizen of singapore, ask them to apply visa on your behalf. You can skip travel agent and proof of income and all and you will get visa in matter of hours.
3. Malaysia. You can take from here - <https://malaysiavisa.imi.gov.my/evisa/evisa.jsp>. Although eNTRI is enough for your case, take eVisa to avoid any hassles. Pay fees online and you will get visa within a day or so. I am not sure about vaccination requirements and all.
Some tips.
1. You can travel to Malaysia from Singapore using land border. You can book from easybook.com. Take a bus that goes via Tuas link for faster clearance. Don't take during weekends, as it can take hours to cross the border. Its cheapest way.
2. Take a travel insurance that covers covid for the whole trip. If you get covid, especially in Singapore, hospitalization and isolation facilities will cost too much.
3. Always carry prescription for medications you are bringing.
4. Although RT-PCR is not required, it would be wise to test before journey and carry the results.
Happy journey. |
111,443 | I recently just bought a house which was nice at first! Now after 5 month, it is now spring. We had a good rainfall which flooded my basement from the floor up because of a high water table (sump pump runs quite frequently) and a Crack in a corner in the floor. When digging the next day on the exterior of the basement wall, we found that one of the cracks in the foundation is actually worse when uncovered! This Crack is the size of the whole basement foundation (roughly 6 ft vertical) along with a decent hole.
Repair:
Is it OK to fill up the gap inside the cement block all the way up the wall with cement
Any other solutions you guys can provide
 | 2017/04/04 | [
"https://diy.stackexchange.com/questions/111443",
"https://diy.stackexchange.com",
"https://diy.stackexchange.com/users/68248/"
] | If your question is simply "is it ok", sure, it's ok. It may not seal the leak, though, and it may crack again if your home experiences seasonal movement due to an inadequately deep foundation or other issues.
You should probably consult with a local expert to find a solution that's appropriate for your climate and soil, and not throw darts at the problem. An exterior patch along with a waterproof membrane might be cheaper, easier, and less expensive, for example. | sounds like your best bet is patch that crack and install a french drain around area, keep the water from getting to that foundation. |
1,786,563 | Is there a way to search for folders/projects by name in the Eclipse workspace?
The results would best be returned in a view where I can do bulk operations (like closing, opening, assign working set).
It's just to fiddly to manually click through the list of hundreds of projects.
---
This seemingly trivial task is causing grief to me, which I find embarrassing after all my Eclipse years.
I have tried:
1. Search dialogs (Ctrl+H) - among the multitude of options, I don't find anything that would actually select folders or projects (only files)
* Open Resources(Ctrl+R), looks handier than the dialogs, but again: only file search. BTW, why isn't that called "Open File"? resource can normally be a folder too, right?
* use filtering in the package/project explorer.. But that only supports filtering things out - no way to keep only things matching a pattern
* can Working Sets be set up in a dynamic way? (given search criteria, rather than fixed assignment in a fiddly dialog). EDIT: this is the winning option, see below.
Did I miss something? Maybe a 3rd party plugin that gives sane searching for anything? Would (Eclipse/GroovyMonkey) scripting help with this? Mylyn?
Is this too much to ask for, from a such mature environment?
I have kindly asked this on Eclipse forums, and they kindly answered "[No](http://www.eclipse.org/forums/index.php?t=msg&S=7b907ad69598505c4a8bf70ebaf6bd40&th=157796&goto=498150#msg_num_2)" :)
As usual, I have more confidence in SO folks, and would be grateful for ideas.
---
And the -current- winner is Scott's excellent [dynamic working sets](http://code.google.com/p/javadude/wiki/DynamicWorkingSets) plugin, which exactly implements the option 4 above! | 2009/11/23 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/1786563",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/174284/"
] | First, I'll answer the "dynamic working set" question:
I've written a dynamic working set plugin. It allows you to group projects by project nature, regular expressions for names, and (as an extension to it) maven group and project name.
Check it out at <http://code.google.com/p/javadude/wiki/DynamicWorkingSets>
That may give you everything you need for now...
Otherwise, I don't think there is anything like what you're looking for, unless someone writes a plugin for it (which would be easy to do, once used to writing eclipse plugins) | Another option is to use the "filter" option on the package explorer. You can specify a few filters (including names) to filter *out* items. That might help a bit, but not a huge amount.
Look for it under the little down-pointing triangle button on the package explorer tool bar. |
1,786,563 | Is there a way to search for folders/projects by name in the Eclipse workspace?
The results would best be returned in a view where I can do bulk operations (like closing, opening, assign working set).
It's just to fiddly to manually click through the list of hundreds of projects.
---
This seemingly trivial task is causing grief to me, which I find embarrassing after all my Eclipse years.
I have tried:
1. Search dialogs (Ctrl+H) - among the multitude of options, I don't find anything that would actually select folders or projects (only files)
* Open Resources(Ctrl+R), looks handier than the dialogs, but again: only file search. BTW, why isn't that called "Open File"? resource can normally be a folder too, right?
* use filtering in the package/project explorer.. But that only supports filtering things out - no way to keep only things matching a pattern
* can Working Sets be set up in a dynamic way? (given search criteria, rather than fixed assignment in a fiddly dialog). EDIT: this is the winning option, see below.
Did I miss something? Maybe a 3rd party plugin that gives sane searching for anything? Would (Eclipse/GroovyMonkey) scripting help with this? Mylyn?
Is this too much to ask for, from a such mature environment?
I have kindly asked this on Eclipse forums, and they kindly answered "[No](http://www.eclipse.org/forums/index.php?t=msg&S=7b907ad69598505c4a8bf70ebaf6bd40&th=157796&goto=498150#msg_num_2)" :)
As usual, I have more confidence in SO folks, and would be grateful for ideas.
---
And the -current- winner is Scott's excellent [dynamic working sets](http://code.google.com/p/javadude/wiki/DynamicWorkingSets) plugin, which exactly implements the option 4 above! | 2009/11/23 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/1786563",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/174284/"
] | First, I'll answer the "dynamic working set" question:
I've written a dynamic working set plugin. It allows you to group projects by project nature, regular expressions for names, and (as an extension to it) maven group and project name.
Check it out at <http://code.google.com/p/javadude/wiki/DynamicWorkingSets>
That may give you everything you need for now...
Otherwise, I don't think there is anything like what you're looking for, unless someone writes a plugin for it (which would be easy to do, once used to writing eclipse plugins) | A couple plugins to check out for this:
* [the Eclipse Glance plugin](http://code.google.com/p/eclipse-glance/) on
googlecode
* [the Eclipse Project
Exploring plugins](https://github.com/FrzMe/eclipse-project-exploring-plugins/) on github
* [the selectproject plugin](http://code.google.com/a/eclipselabs.org/p/selectproject/) on googlecode
I'm using the first one and I'm quite happy with it. It adds a key shortcut (Ctrl+Alt+F) to search within most tables, treeviews, and text displays and it highlights occurences within the component. Works on editors, package explorer, etc.
I have not use the second plugin but here's what the home page says:
>
> A set of eclipse Plugins which allow
> easier handling of an eclipse
> workspace with lots of Projects in it.
>
>
> **Filter Package Explorer**
>
>
> The Filter Package Explorer provides a
> view called FPackage Explorer which
> extends the Package Explorer and adds
> a filter field at the top.
>
>
> **Go to Project Plugin**
>
>
> The Go to Project Plugin provides a
> dialog similar to the Open Type dialog
> which lists all available projects in
> the workspace and allows you to filter
> them. When selecting one here it is
> automatically highlighted in whatever
> file displaying view you might have
> open. If you don't have any open the
> Package Explorer is opened showing the
> project.
>
>
>
The third one is new, here's what it's page says:
>
> Eclipse contains popular shortcuts for selecting types and resources (such as Ctrl+Shift+T).
> This plug-in adds a similar shortcut for projects as well.
> Type a few letters with wildcards and quickly select one or more projects.
> Great for navigating, grouping projects into working sets, or other batch operations on projects.
>
>
>
If you're wondering how to do it programatically you can also [check this other question](http://Adding%20a%20filter%20to%20the%20Project%20Explorer%20in%20Eclipse). |
1,786,563 | Is there a way to search for folders/projects by name in the Eclipse workspace?
The results would best be returned in a view where I can do bulk operations (like closing, opening, assign working set).
It's just to fiddly to manually click through the list of hundreds of projects.
---
This seemingly trivial task is causing grief to me, which I find embarrassing after all my Eclipse years.
I have tried:
1. Search dialogs (Ctrl+H) - among the multitude of options, I don't find anything that would actually select folders or projects (only files)
* Open Resources(Ctrl+R), looks handier than the dialogs, but again: only file search. BTW, why isn't that called "Open File"? resource can normally be a folder too, right?
* use filtering in the package/project explorer.. But that only supports filtering things out - no way to keep only things matching a pattern
* can Working Sets be set up in a dynamic way? (given search criteria, rather than fixed assignment in a fiddly dialog). EDIT: this is the winning option, see below.
Did I miss something? Maybe a 3rd party plugin that gives sane searching for anything? Would (Eclipse/GroovyMonkey) scripting help with this? Mylyn?
Is this too much to ask for, from a such mature environment?
I have kindly asked this on Eclipse forums, and they kindly answered "[No](http://www.eclipse.org/forums/index.php?t=msg&S=7b907ad69598505c4a8bf70ebaf6bd40&th=157796&goto=498150#msg_num_2)" :)
As usual, I have more confidence in SO folks, and would be grateful for ideas.
---
And the -current- winner is Scott's excellent [dynamic working sets](http://code.google.com/p/javadude/wiki/DynamicWorkingSets) plugin, which exactly implements the option 4 above! | 2009/11/23 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/1786563",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/174284/"
] | A couple plugins to check out for this:
* [the Eclipse Glance plugin](http://code.google.com/p/eclipse-glance/) on
googlecode
* [the Eclipse Project
Exploring plugins](https://github.com/FrzMe/eclipse-project-exploring-plugins/) on github
* [the selectproject plugin](http://code.google.com/a/eclipselabs.org/p/selectproject/) on googlecode
I'm using the first one and I'm quite happy with it. It adds a key shortcut (Ctrl+Alt+F) to search within most tables, treeviews, and text displays and it highlights occurences within the component. Works on editors, package explorer, etc.
I have not use the second plugin but here's what the home page says:
>
> A set of eclipse Plugins which allow
> easier handling of an eclipse
> workspace with lots of Projects in it.
>
>
> **Filter Package Explorer**
>
>
> The Filter Package Explorer provides a
> view called FPackage Explorer which
> extends the Package Explorer and adds
> a filter field at the top.
>
>
> **Go to Project Plugin**
>
>
> The Go to Project Plugin provides a
> dialog similar to the Open Type dialog
> which lists all available projects in
> the workspace and allows you to filter
> them. When selecting one here it is
> automatically highlighted in whatever
> file displaying view you might have
> open. If you don't have any open the
> Package Explorer is opened showing the
> project.
>
>
>
The third one is new, here's what it's page says:
>
> Eclipse contains popular shortcuts for selecting types and resources (such as Ctrl+Shift+T).
> This plug-in adds a similar shortcut for projects as well.
> Type a few letters with wildcards and quickly select one or more projects.
> Great for navigating, grouping projects into working sets, or other batch operations on projects.
>
>
>
If you're wondering how to do it programatically you can also [check this other question](http://Adding%20a%20filter%20to%20the%20Project%20Explorer%20in%20Eclipse). | Another option is to use the "filter" option on the package explorer. You can specify a few filters (including names) to filter *out* items. That might help a bit, but not a huge amount.
Look for it under the little down-pointing triangle button on the package explorer tool bar. |
4,288 | There are 2 parcels of land purchased by different but (family) related parties at the same time. One of the properties (A) contained a well; the other (B) contained the pumps and equipment required to operate the well. For some period of time the owner of B operated and maintained the pumps (including a major upgrade costing $4,000) and both properties used the water.
Recently, the owner of property A installed a storage tank and the water now goes from the well to the tank and then to both properties. A has sent B a bill for the water being supplied via the tank.
Negotiations about agreeing on the water rights having failed, B has requested the return of their pump and equipment. A has refused saying B has no claim since it was B's responsibility to keep the well in working condition.
Who owns the pump? | 2015/10/06 | [
"https://law.stackexchange.com/questions/4288",
"https://law.stackexchange.com",
"https://law.stackexchange.com/users/2929/"
] | I know this is not what you've asked (I will get to that too), but I figured I would take the opportunity to state that the owner of the well cannot send you an invoice for the water unless you **agreed to a price and entered into a binding agreement**. They cannot just decide their water is worth X and then tell you that the amount is due. Just as you cannot send them a bill, in the same amount, for the use and maintenance of the pump.
While the well may be located on one parcel of land, with the pump on the other, chances are, the properties were linked at one point and that is why there is a separation of the two (unless you bought it as one and divided it yourselves). This should have been dealt with on the deed, with easements appurtenant to the neighboring land regarding water rights. A contractual agreement could have been attached by reference that dictated the land with the well would maintain the well, while the landowner with the pump would maintain the equipment (or whatever you both agreed to regarding upkeep and the like).
Depending on the state you live in, the property itself may not even "own" the well. For instance, in Colorado, water rights typically come by way of 100 or 200 year leases, as the native american tribes of the area "own" the water rights. Other states have laws that declare that nobody owns the water table, hence land is only owned as far down as the water table and then it is owned by the county, or state, with easements running with the deed. Other states, (I'm wondering if this is your issue) the water runs in veins and does belong only to the property that it is below – as there is no water table, so to speak. Regardless, I would talk to your title insurance policy company and ask why this easement was not addressed in the deed.
I'm assuming that you did not divide the land yourselves, post purchase, and the land with the pump cannot access the water table without going onto the land of the other. Otherwise, it would be very easily solved by drilling your own well (and much cheaper), whereby you already own all of the equipment to run the water to the dwelling. You just divert your equipment to the running of your own well. It's only a few dollars a foot to drill a well, unless you live in the Granite State!
Likewise, you should check with your land assessor's office, or registry of deeds, and see how the title ran back regarding water. Again, depending on jurisdiction, you may be able to drill down and over. You cannot divert, but you can access, in most jurisdictions. I say to contact your title insurance company, because the water issue should have been dealt with at title examination, and further, if your land is inaccessible to any water, it would not be sub-dividable for dwelling purposes under almost any zoning law I have ever heard of. A property that is land locked, or utility inaccessible, cannot be zoned for dwellings, without irrevocable easements or rights of ways, respectively. Just because you purchased near family doesn't have anything to do with any of this analysis. They could be anyone, or you could end up at odds, the **water cannot be relationship dependent and you cannot be held hostage over natural resources**. If so, I would sue the title insurance policy for a refund of the purchase price or the negotiation of the purchase price of an easement to the well/water table, assuming you have none under your land and have no existing right to it.
If you just happen to have the pump, and they have the well, you own the pump and they own the well. Simple as that. You do not have to allow the pump to be used for their well. Assuming you can drill your own well, but may not want to, you can just rent them the use of the pump at the same rate they are charging you for the water. You can agree to split the cost of maintenance of each, since you've invested in the upgrade of the pump. | >
> **B owns the pump.**
>
>
>
There was no ***transfer of ownership*** of the pump from B to A, so B owns it.
If A thinks B is liable for some obligation to A, then A's recourse is to sue B for ***damages*** and/or ***specific performance*** of the terms of the contract.
In this case, if B can not access the pump B owns, B's recourse is to sue A for damages and/or return of the pump. At that time, A can countersue B as described in the above paragraph. |
1,110,493 | I have discovered this problem with my Laptop, today itself. No matter what the environment, app, screen is, as soon as I press **CAPS LOCK** key, the computer shuts itself down abruptly (abnormal shutdown, like power failure).
It can again be turned on normally though, using power button.
I Googled a bit and discovered that CAPS LOCK is used as CRUISE control so it shuts down the laptop in-case it is not cool enough. My laptop is cool enough.
Following are the environments, in which I've tested this abnormal behavior of CAPS LOCK (abruptly shutting down my machine)
1. GRUB
2. UBUNTU 16.04
3. System Testing (F12)
4. Windows 8
5. Pressing CAPS LOCK on on-screen keyboard
6. External Keyboard's CAPS LOCK
My laptop is **Dell Inspiron 3542**. Thanks | 2016/08/06 | [
"https://superuser.com/questions/1110493",
"https://superuser.com",
"https://superuser.com/users/158034/"
] | I have a dual boot computer and both Windows 10 and Ubuntu have the same problem... touch the Caps Lock and you instantly shut off the computer. I had to start up RegEdit and go to: HKEY\_LOCAL\_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Keyboard Layout
There I had to a enter a "Scancode Map" and put in the following 00000000 00000000 02000000 00003A00 00000000. That disabled my caps lock key completely.
However that did nothing for my Ubuntu 17.04. There, I had to set up enter the following in the .bashrc and then in the Startup Menu (both).>> Setxkbmap -option '' -option 'ctrl:nocaps'
With that I was able to disable the caps lock completely. | Have you tried by enabling **Toggle Keys**? I don't know if this will prevent the laptop form shutting down but I have other kind of issues using the Caps Lock and by enabling it solves some problem. There's nothing wrong to try. Please follow these steps:
1. **Open Ease of Access Center**, by typing it on the search bar.
2. Now click **Make the keyboard easier to use**, this will open a window.
3. Check **Turn on Toggle Keys** option. |
1,110,493 | I have discovered this problem with my Laptop, today itself. No matter what the environment, app, screen is, as soon as I press **CAPS LOCK** key, the computer shuts itself down abruptly (abnormal shutdown, like power failure).
It can again be turned on normally though, using power button.
I Googled a bit and discovered that CAPS LOCK is used as CRUISE control so it shuts down the laptop in-case it is not cool enough. My laptop is cool enough.
Following are the environments, in which I've tested this abnormal behavior of CAPS LOCK (abruptly shutting down my machine)
1. GRUB
2. UBUNTU 16.04
3. System Testing (F12)
4. Windows 8
5. Pressing CAPS LOCK on on-screen keyboard
6. External Keyboard's CAPS LOCK
My laptop is **Dell Inspiron 3542**. Thanks | 2016/08/06 | [
"https://superuser.com/questions/1110493",
"https://superuser.com",
"https://superuser.com/users/158034/"
] | I had exactly the same problem. In my case keyboard replacement in laptop (Lenovo ThinkPad T420) solved the problem. | Have you tried by enabling **Toggle Keys**? I don't know if this will prevent the laptop form shutting down but I have other kind of issues using the Caps Lock and by enabling it solves some problem. There's nothing wrong to try. Please follow these steps:
1. **Open Ease of Access Center**, by typing it on the search bar.
2. Now click **Make the keyboard easier to use**, this will open a window.
3. Check **Turn on Toggle Keys** option. |
1,110,493 | I have discovered this problem with my Laptop, today itself. No matter what the environment, app, screen is, as soon as I press **CAPS LOCK** key, the computer shuts itself down abruptly (abnormal shutdown, like power failure).
It can again be turned on normally though, using power button.
I Googled a bit and discovered that CAPS LOCK is used as CRUISE control so it shuts down the laptop in-case it is not cool enough. My laptop is cool enough.
Following are the environments, in which I've tested this abnormal behavior of CAPS LOCK (abruptly shutting down my machine)
1. GRUB
2. UBUNTU 16.04
3. System Testing (F12)
4. Windows 8
5. Pressing CAPS LOCK on on-screen keyboard
6. External Keyboard's CAPS LOCK
My laptop is **Dell Inspiron 3542**. Thanks | 2016/08/06 | [
"https://superuser.com/questions/1110493",
"https://superuser.com",
"https://superuser.com/users/158034/"
] | I had exactly the same problem. In my case keyboard replacement in laptop (Lenovo ThinkPad T420) solved the problem. | I have a dual boot computer and both Windows 10 and Ubuntu have the same problem... touch the Caps Lock and you instantly shut off the computer. I had to start up RegEdit and go to: HKEY\_LOCAL\_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Keyboard Layout
There I had to a enter a "Scancode Map" and put in the following 00000000 00000000 02000000 00003A00 00000000. That disabled my caps lock key completely.
However that did nothing for my Ubuntu 17.04. There, I had to set up enter the following in the .bashrc and then in the Startup Menu (both).>> Setxkbmap -option '' -option 'ctrl:nocaps'
With that I was able to disable the caps lock completely. |
325,996 | I found a sentence in test.
>
> Not until several years after a war has ended \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to feel the severe psychological damage it can cause.
>
>
>
(A) do many of its veterans begin
(B) many of its veterans begin
(C) and many of its veterans begin
(D) many of its veterans beginning
I chose B answer, but the correct answer (due to test) was A.
Could anybody explain why here we should use *do* clause? | 2016/05/16 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/325996",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/64141/"
] | When a sentence starts with 'Not until', as well as many other phrases, the grammar needed is Inversion, which means using the interrogative form of whatever tense the verb is in. 'begin' is in Simple Present, so 'do' is required. Here are some examples:
Not until John apologizes, will I go out with him again.
Not until the teacher explained it again, did I understand.
Not until I've been working for ten years, will I have saved up enough money to pay off my student loan.
Not until the temperature falls to O degrees C does water turn to ice.
There is a similar question at :[Not until ( sentence ) + do (sentence)](https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/231539/not-until-sentence-do-sentence)
but I believe I've explained it slightly differently.
"Not till I got home did I realise my wallet was missing."
(Cambridge Dictionaries Online)
<http://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/inversion> | Well, the *real* reason is that the others sound wrong to a native English speaker.
As for the technical justification, what you are looking to do here is start what is called a [verb phrase](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verb_phrase). In English, a verb phrase is supposed to start with a verb. The words "many" and "and" are not verbs. "Do" is.
In fact "do" is a [special verb](http://www.quickanddirtytips.com/education/grammar/the-verb-%E2%80%9Cdo%E2%80%9D-is-weirder-than-you-think) that can be used specifically in instances where you need to turn a phrase like this into a verb phrase. |
325,996 | I found a sentence in test.
>
> Not until several years after a war has ended \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to feel the severe psychological damage it can cause.
>
>
>
(A) do many of its veterans begin
(B) many of its veterans begin
(C) and many of its veterans begin
(D) many of its veterans beginning
I chose B answer, but the correct answer (due to test) was A.
Could anybody explain why here we should use *do* clause? | 2016/05/16 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/325996",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/64141/"
] | This is a phenomenon called *negative inversion*: when a sentence starts with a negative adverbial like "never" or "not every day" or "not until several years after a war has ended", we get subject-auxiliary inversion that looks just like what you see in questions. So, for example, "you don't see that sort of thing every day" can be rephrased as "not every day **do you see** that sort of thing", and "I'll never help him again" can be rephrased as "never again **will I help** him".
Oddly enough, negative inversion also happens after some adverbials that are not obviously negative, or not completely negative; for example, it's also triggered after "rarely" and "only ...". | Well, the *real* reason is that the others sound wrong to a native English speaker.
As for the technical justification, what you are looking to do here is start what is called a [verb phrase](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verb_phrase). In English, a verb phrase is supposed to start with a verb. The words "many" and "and" are not verbs. "Do" is.
In fact "do" is a [special verb](http://www.quickanddirtytips.com/education/grammar/the-verb-%E2%80%9Cdo%E2%80%9D-is-weirder-than-you-think) that can be used specifically in instances where you need to turn a phrase like this into a verb phrase. |
325,996 | I found a sentence in test.
>
> Not until several years after a war has ended \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to feel the severe psychological damage it can cause.
>
>
>
(A) do many of its veterans begin
(B) many of its veterans begin
(C) and many of its veterans begin
(D) many of its veterans beginning
I chose B answer, but the correct answer (due to test) was A.
Could anybody explain why here we should use *do* clause? | 2016/05/16 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/325996",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/64141/"
] | When a sentence starts with 'Not until', as well as many other phrases, the grammar needed is Inversion, which means using the interrogative form of whatever tense the verb is in. 'begin' is in Simple Present, so 'do' is required. Here are some examples:
Not until John apologizes, will I go out with him again.
Not until the teacher explained it again, did I understand.
Not until I've been working for ten years, will I have saved up enough money to pay off my student loan.
Not until the temperature falls to O degrees C does water turn to ice.
There is a similar question at :[Not until ( sentence ) + do (sentence)](https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/231539/not-until-sentence-do-sentence)
but I believe I've explained it slightly differently.
"Not till I got home did I realise my wallet was missing."
(Cambridge Dictionaries Online)
<http://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/inversion> | This is a phenomenon called *negative inversion*: when a sentence starts with a negative adverbial like "never" or "not every day" or "not until several years after a war has ended", we get subject-auxiliary inversion that looks just like what you see in questions. So, for example, "you don't see that sort of thing every day" can be rephrased as "not every day **do you see** that sort of thing", and "I'll never help him again" can be rephrased as "never again **will I help** him".
Oddly enough, negative inversion also happens after some adverbials that are not obviously negative, or not completely negative; for example, it's also triggered after "rarely" and "only ...". |
3,932 | Our little boy is 2 years old, and we are still giving him a large amount of formula milk at bed time.
He is not a good eater, and we don't want him to get hungry in the night.
Is it recommended to give extra milk (he often has at least 15 fl oz), or to let him go hungry so he is forced to eat his food? | 2012/01/05 | [
"https://parenting.stackexchange.com/questions/3932",
"https://parenting.stackexchange.com",
"https://parenting.stackexchange.com/users/2061/"
] | If he is old enough to verbally communicate that he wants bobo at bedtime, then he's old enough to understand you telling him to eat his dinner.
You're not going to initiate direct change of this habit without a significant amount of stress. what you can do tho is change it indirectly.
Since the goal is better timing for getting full, you might load up at dinner on foods he likes (meal foods, not fun, snacky (read: processed) foods) and completely change brands of formula. you would then, *indirectly* entice him to change his habit. it would probably result in shifting his sleep habits and diaper changes as well.
However...
My opinion is that I don't think you should force the issue. I'm generally not a fan of attempts to line-up a baby, in some way, with parental sensibilities. Kids this age are driven as much by what their body is telling them as they are by habit. They age (mentally) quick at this age (a baby's brain is more active at ~2-2.5 yrs than at any other time in life) and my opinion is that you should be patient. I'll bet that if you gave it some time (unless this has already been going on for weeks or a couple months) that the routine will change soon enough anyway... when their body is ready... like the next growth spurt. | Once he drinks your pediatricians quote of whole milk and maybe a bit more he has to learn that meals are meals and really food is what big boys eat. Ensure that he does his best at dinner, reminding him that breakfast is far way. Then slowly wean him off of snack (if bed time is many hours after dinner obviously don't take snack away entirely) and convert that snack to include solid food. He is a person and needs to eat like one, not like a baby any longer. This is not making him grow up too fast, it is teaching him proper eating habits while you still have the power to interviner in his activities. |
3,932 | Our little boy is 2 years old, and we are still giving him a large amount of formula milk at bed time.
He is not a good eater, and we don't want him to get hungry in the night.
Is it recommended to give extra milk (he often has at least 15 fl oz), or to let him go hungry so he is forced to eat his food? | 2012/01/05 | [
"https://parenting.stackexchange.com/questions/3932",
"https://parenting.stackexchange.com",
"https://parenting.stackexchange.com/users/2061/"
] | I saw one of my sisters-in-law go through a similar situation with both of her girls (one is five; the other is four), and it looks like I'm gearing up to go through the same thing with my daughter (18 months).
Her girls (and mine) were/are big drinkers and drank/drink A LOT of milk. They ate (and still eat) very little. One can make the argument that because they drink a lot, they aren't super hungry at dinner time which is probably a somewhat valid argument. Unfortunately, when you have a child whose weight and height consistently fall in the 5th percentile and below, you get into the habit of doing whatever you can just to get calories into their bodies. My daughter and my SIL's youngest still wake up in the middle of the night and want milk. My SIL's oldest no longer does this.
As long as there is no evidence to suggest that your child is having trouble with his oral development (he can chew different textures, he talks, and does all those things that he should do at his age), then I'd say it's probably ok. Not ideal, but ok. He's probably not going to go to college with this same strange quirk. Maybe you could try weaning him--giving him less and less milk at bedtime until he gets none. If he's still getting whole milk, you could try switching him to 2% and the reduction in fat might encourage him to eat more solids.
Regardless of what you choose to do, it's been my experience that they more or less grow out of it eventually. My niece did, my daughter is starting to outgrow it, and I'm willing to bet your son will, too. | Once he drinks your pediatricians quote of whole milk and maybe a bit more he has to learn that meals are meals and really food is what big boys eat. Ensure that he does his best at dinner, reminding him that breakfast is far way. Then slowly wean him off of snack (if bed time is many hours after dinner obviously don't take snack away entirely) and convert that snack to include solid food. He is a person and needs to eat like one, not like a baby any longer. This is not making him grow up too fast, it is teaching him proper eating habits while you still have the power to interviner in his activities. |
3,932 | Our little boy is 2 years old, and we are still giving him a large amount of formula milk at bed time.
He is not a good eater, and we don't want him to get hungry in the night.
Is it recommended to give extra milk (he often has at least 15 fl oz), or to let him go hungry so he is forced to eat his food? | 2012/01/05 | [
"https://parenting.stackexchange.com/questions/3932",
"https://parenting.stackexchange.com",
"https://parenting.stackexchange.com/users/2061/"
] | I saw one of my sisters-in-law go through a similar situation with both of her girls (one is five; the other is four), and it looks like I'm gearing up to go through the same thing with my daughter (18 months).
Her girls (and mine) were/are big drinkers and drank/drink A LOT of milk. They ate (and still eat) very little. One can make the argument that because they drink a lot, they aren't super hungry at dinner time which is probably a somewhat valid argument. Unfortunately, when you have a child whose weight and height consistently fall in the 5th percentile and below, you get into the habit of doing whatever you can just to get calories into their bodies. My daughter and my SIL's youngest still wake up in the middle of the night and want milk. My SIL's oldest no longer does this.
As long as there is no evidence to suggest that your child is having trouble with his oral development (he can chew different textures, he talks, and does all those things that he should do at his age), then I'd say it's probably ok. Not ideal, but ok. He's probably not going to go to college with this same strange quirk. Maybe you could try weaning him--giving him less and less milk at bedtime until he gets none. If he's still getting whole milk, you could try switching him to 2% and the reduction in fat might encourage him to eat more solids.
Regardless of what you choose to do, it's been my experience that they more or less grow out of it eventually. My niece did, my daughter is starting to outgrow it, and I'm willing to bet your son will, too. | If he is old enough to verbally communicate that he wants bobo at bedtime, then he's old enough to understand you telling him to eat his dinner.
You're not going to initiate direct change of this habit without a significant amount of stress. what you can do tho is change it indirectly.
Since the goal is better timing for getting full, you might load up at dinner on foods he likes (meal foods, not fun, snacky (read: processed) foods) and completely change brands of formula. you would then, *indirectly* entice him to change his habit. it would probably result in shifting his sleep habits and diaper changes as well.
However...
My opinion is that I don't think you should force the issue. I'm generally not a fan of attempts to line-up a baby, in some way, with parental sensibilities. Kids this age are driven as much by what their body is telling them as they are by habit. They age (mentally) quick at this age (a baby's brain is more active at ~2-2.5 yrs than at any other time in life) and my opinion is that you should be patient. I'll bet that if you gave it some time (unless this has already been going on for weeks or a couple months) that the routine will change soon enough anyway... when their body is ready... like the next growth spurt. |
502,835 | Is there a relay that will work with 12V / 300ma input to close a Normally Open output? I've been trying to make it work with Ardouino board and a HiLetgo 12V 1 Channel Relay Module With Optocoupler Isolation Support High or Low Level Trigger, but have not been able to get it to work. Seems like there should be a simpler solution that doesn't involve a controller board. | 2020/05/30 | [
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/502835",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/users/253982/"
] | Here's the end product - worked as expected [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/oI463.png) | Just use a 12V relay - most small 12V relays will have 200 ohm or more coil resistance and thus use much less than 300mA to operate. - for 300mA coil resistance as low as 40 ohms would work.
Add a diode parralel to the relay coil to prevent back-emf problems. |
236,339 | Magento just announced **[JavaScript Certification](https://u.magento.com/magento-2-certified-professional-javascript-developer#.W6XjchThWkA)** exam for Magento2.
After reading in this page:
>
> <https://u.magento.com/magento-2-certified-professional-javascript-developer>
>
>
>
I have some questions about this **JavaScript Developer Certification exam.**
* Which study materials useful for preparation of Java script Certification exam?
* What is the passing score for this Java script Certification exam?
* Is there any other study materials available for this exam?
* What is the retake policy for this exam? | 2018/07/28 | [
"https://magento.stackexchange.com/questions/236339",
"https://magento.stackexchange.com",
"https://magento.stackexchange.com/users/59039/"
] | Here is some question that are available on magento.
What is the passing score for this Java script Certification exam?
**Passing score: 63% or above**
What is the retake policy for this exam?
**All retakes have a 20% discount.**
[Reference](https://magento-u-support.magento.com/hc/en-us/articles/360011820892-How-much-is-the-exam-fee-and-cost-to-retake-exams-)
Which study materials useful for preparation of Java script Certification exam?
[Study guideline](https://magento-u.magento.com/magento-u/downloads/M2_Cert_Prof_JavaScript_Dev_Exam_Study_Gd.pdf?_ga=2.6270391.544070576.1537770549-477153403.1520249292)
Is there any other study materials available for this exam?
**i could not find any yet. all are related to frontend study but not specific for javascript** | Passing Score : Passing score is 63% as per information at <https://magento-u-support.magento.com/hc/en-us/articles/360011824472-What-is-a-passing-score-for-the-certification-exams->
Study material other than the study guide provided by Magento : Swiftotter will be releasing soon, check at <https://swiftotter.com/certifications/magento-2-javascript-developer-study-guide>
Course offered by Magento : <https://u.magento.com/javascript-development-in-magento-2#.W6oWQRMzZAY>
Retake Policy :
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/HGazh.png)
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/fsOfA.png) |
236,339 | Magento just announced **[JavaScript Certification](https://u.magento.com/magento-2-certified-professional-javascript-developer#.W6XjchThWkA)** exam for Magento2.
After reading in this page:
>
> <https://u.magento.com/magento-2-certified-professional-javascript-developer>
>
>
>
I have some questions about this **JavaScript Developer Certification exam.**
* Which study materials useful for preparation of Java script Certification exam?
* What is the passing score for this Java script Certification exam?
* Is there any other study materials available for this exam?
* What is the retake policy for this exam? | 2018/07/28 | [
"https://magento.stackexchange.com/questions/236339",
"https://magento.stackexchange.com",
"https://magento.stackexchange.com/users/59039/"
] | Here is some question that are available on magento.
What is the passing score for this Java script Certification exam?
**Passing score: 63% or above**
What is the retake policy for this exam?
**All retakes have a 20% discount.**
[Reference](https://magento-u-support.magento.com/hc/en-us/articles/360011820892-How-much-is-the-exam-fee-and-cost-to-retake-exams-)
Which study materials useful for preparation of Java script Certification exam?
[Study guideline](https://magento-u.magento.com/magento-u/downloads/M2_Cert_Prof_JavaScript_Dev_Exam_Study_Gd.pdf?_ga=2.6270391.544070576.1537770549-477153403.1520249292)
Is there any other study materials available for this exam?
**i could not find any yet. all are related to frontend study but not specific for javascript** | **Latest study guide certifications:updated [21 August 2020]**:
* **[AD0-E700]:** *Adobe Certified Expert Magento Commerce Business Practitioner* [Details](https://spark.adobe.com/page/87jLctNB6KxM0/)
* **[AD0-E701]:** *Adobe Certified Expert-Magento Commerce Front-End Developer* [Details](https://spark.adobe.com/page/lJWBfPhvp5npA/)
* **[AD0-E702]:** *Adobe Certified Professional—Magento Commerce Developer* [Details](https://spark.adobe.com/page/saM506xrYKi0p/)
* **[AD0-E703]:** *Adobe Certified Expert - Magento Commerce Developer* [Details](https://spark.adobe.com/page/OwpmK2JcACwhl/)
* **[AD0-E704]:** *Adobe Certified Master Magento Commerce Architect* [Details](https://spark.adobe.com/page/PTidDHsT5JgyB/)
* **[AD0-E705]:** *Adobe Certified Expert-Magento Commerce JavaScript Developer* [Details](https://spark.adobe.com/page/ZDus3If2u1rQf/)
* **[AD0-E706]:** *Adobe Certified Expert-Magento Commerce Cloud Developer* [available since June 2018] [Details](https://spark.adobe.com/page/GrkbPktpWMkkb/)
* **[Adobe AD0-E707]** Adobe Certified Expert Magento Commerce Order Management Developer [Details](https://spark.adobe.com/page/K2Wjl6Na3BY0h/) |
236,339 | Magento just announced **[JavaScript Certification](https://u.magento.com/magento-2-certified-professional-javascript-developer#.W6XjchThWkA)** exam for Magento2.
After reading in this page:
>
> <https://u.magento.com/magento-2-certified-professional-javascript-developer>
>
>
>
I have some questions about this **JavaScript Developer Certification exam.**
* Which study materials useful for preparation of Java script Certification exam?
* What is the passing score for this Java script Certification exam?
* Is there any other study materials available for this exam?
* What is the retake policy for this exam? | 2018/07/28 | [
"https://magento.stackexchange.com/questions/236339",
"https://magento.stackexchange.com",
"https://magento.stackexchange.com/users/59039/"
] | Passing Score : Passing score is 63% as per information at <https://magento-u-support.magento.com/hc/en-us/articles/360011824472-What-is-a-passing-score-for-the-certification-exams->
Study material other than the study guide provided by Magento : Swiftotter will be releasing soon, check at <https://swiftotter.com/certifications/magento-2-javascript-developer-study-guide>
Course offered by Magento : <https://u.magento.com/javascript-development-in-magento-2#.W6oWQRMzZAY>
Retake Policy :
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/HGazh.png)
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/fsOfA.png) | **Latest study guide certifications:updated [21 August 2020]**:
* **[AD0-E700]:** *Adobe Certified Expert Magento Commerce Business Practitioner* [Details](https://spark.adobe.com/page/87jLctNB6KxM0/)
* **[AD0-E701]:** *Adobe Certified Expert-Magento Commerce Front-End Developer* [Details](https://spark.adobe.com/page/lJWBfPhvp5npA/)
* **[AD0-E702]:** *Adobe Certified Professional—Magento Commerce Developer* [Details](https://spark.adobe.com/page/saM506xrYKi0p/)
* **[AD0-E703]:** *Adobe Certified Expert - Magento Commerce Developer* [Details](https://spark.adobe.com/page/OwpmK2JcACwhl/)
* **[AD0-E704]:** *Adobe Certified Master Magento Commerce Architect* [Details](https://spark.adobe.com/page/PTidDHsT5JgyB/)
* **[AD0-E705]:** *Adobe Certified Expert-Magento Commerce JavaScript Developer* [Details](https://spark.adobe.com/page/ZDus3If2u1rQf/)
* **[AD0-E706]:** *Adobe Certified Expert-Magento Commerce Cloud Developer* [available since June 2018] [Details](https://spark.adobe.com/page/GrkbPktpWMkkb/)
* **[Adobe AD0-E707]** Adobe Certified Expert Magento Commerce Order Management Developer [Details](https://spark.adobe.com/page/K2Wjl6Na3BY0h/) |
1,674,160 | Consider two computers, one a bit-for-bit clone of the other. If I then perform any two arbitrary actions on machine A- like change the volume, then open a chrome browser, then do the same on computer B, but in reverse order, will the computers' state still be bit-for-bit identical (ram, disc, etc.)? The actions can of course also be more significant ones, like updating an application or driver.
Diving a bit deeper, I'm trying to figure out if the two machines...
* will *always* be in different states
* will *almost always* be in different states, but there are special cases that are identical
* can plausibly be either, but its impossible to tell without knowing the two exact actions
If this is a bad question - Downvotes without feedback don't help me figure out what is wrong with my question. Feedback is greatly appreciated. | 2021/09/03 | [
"https://superuser.com/questions/1674160",
"https://superuser.com",
"https://superuser.com/users/1512255/"
] | Two computers doing absolutely the same thing as each other have absolutely no guarantee of being bit identical, let alone doing the same thing in different orders. In fact there is almost no way *for* two systems to be bit identical.
I say this because there are various encryption algorithms used at various points which all rely on cryptographically secure random number generation. What that means is that the algorithms are intended to be absolutely random and that two machines generating the random numbers should never hit the same sequence of numbers. Even given two perfectly identical machines if they both connect to an SSL website and use the same public key to begin a session-key exchange with a website, that session key absolutely will not be the same.
That's just one "minor" point where there is a big difference between otherwise "identical" machines.
On top of that modern systems employ [Address space layout randomization](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Address_space_layout_randomization), which means that even running the exact same code two machines will have a different memory layout and therefore never be "bit identical". | One way they could be different is in logfiles. If the two actions cause logfile entries, they would be in different order in the logs. |
188,841 | Under the stairs that take to my bedroom there is a tiny room, as big as a cupboard.
I can barely stand in it.
I smell mould in it, I tried keeping its small door opened and I think situation vastly improved.
With door closed I get 80% / 90% humidity and with door open around 50% / 60%.
For this reason I would like to improve its ventilation and I thought about cutting the door to put a vent with or without a fan or just shorten the door.
Am I going in the right direction?
Is there a safe and easy way to calculate the fan / vent I need?
Here is a picture of the entrance:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/50eRu.jpg)
And a picture of what could be the source of humidity, a non complete part of the floor where I see dirt (but I am not sure) on its top you see the beginning of the stairs:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/h7FM3.jpg)
Thanks for your help!
Edit after comments:
In the room one wall is communicating with a tiny toilet (closed, no windows) another one is shared with my neighbor (I guess, I don't know if there is any space between us), one is the one with the small door you see and then there is the one where the stairs are.
I also attach a couple of pictures that are often worth much more than words | 2020/04/01 | [
"https://diy.stackexchange.com/questions/188841",
"https://diy.stackexchange.com",
"https://diy.stackexchange.com/users/89142/"
] | I believe I see concrete, if a ground floor with concrete this may be your issue to know for sure tape a piece of plastic to the floor for 24 hours . When you pull the plastic up if it is wet you have found the source of the moisture.
I have had good results using 2 part epoxy paint on concrete sealing damp concrete. I usually wait until summer when the moisture is lower. I prep the floor with a muriatic acid & water etch after that is done and the concrete has dried (a fan blowing over it helps to dry faster) I coat the area with the 2 part concrete floor epoxy this has eliminated several homes problems with basements and daylight basements that had the same issue. | If there is an outside wall inside this space, I would insulate that wall with styrofoam sheets glued to that wall. Then I would go to Lowes, Home Depot , or a large hardware store and ask to see a "through the wall" fan. Install the fan where convenient and install a small heating system grill on an opposite wall. The fan will ventilate the room and add some heat from the heated area of the house. |
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