id int64 225 5.32k | context stringlengths 2.88k 70.8k | question stringlengths 11 194 | answers dict | is_impossible bool 1
class |
|---|---|---|---|---|
4,282 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | How long after Infectious MERS-CoV added to DC, goat or cow milk and stored at 4°C could be recovered? | {
"answer_start": [
43372
],
"text": [
" up to 48 h"
]
} | false |
4,283 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | How long after Infectious MERS-CoV added to DC, goat or cow milk and stored at 22°C could be recovered? | {
"answer_start": [
43373
],
"text": [
"up to 48 h"
]
} | false |
4,284 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | What ablated MERS-COV infection completely? | {
"answer_start": [
43463
],
"text": [
"pasteurization"
]
} | false |
4,285 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | How long MERS-CoV remained viable at high ambient temperature (30°C) and low RH (30 %) ? | {
"answer_start": [
43986
],
"text": [
"for 24 h"
]
} | false |
4,286 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | How long can pathogenic bacteria remain viable and airborne in a coughed aerosol? | {
"answer_start": [
44465
],
"text": [
" for 45 min"
]
} | false |
4,287 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | How far can pathogenic bacteria spread in a coughed aerosol? | {
"answer_start": [
44513
],
"text": [
"4 m"
]
} | false |
4,288 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | What is considered the mechanism of human-to-human transmission of MERS-COV? | {
"answer_start": [
45254
],
"text": [
"Droplet spread between humans"
]
} | false |
4,289 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | What is the transmission of MERS-CoV is defined as? | {
"answer_start": [
46287
],
"text": [
"sporadic "
]
} | false |
4,290 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | What is the transmission of MERS-CoV is defined as? | {
"answer_start": [
46313
],
"text": [
"intra-familial,"
]
} | false |
4,291 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | What is the transmission of MERS-CoV is defined as? | {
"answer_start": [
46329
],
"text": [
"often healthcare associated"
]
} | false |
4,292 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | What is the transmission of MERS-CoV is defined as? | {
"answer_start": [
46358
],
"text": [
"inefficient "
]
} | false |
4,293 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | What is the transmission of MERS-CoV is defined as? | {
"answer_start": [
46374
],
"text": [
"requiring close and prolonged contact"
]
} | false |
4,294 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | What is the the rate of general transmission, even in outbreaks? | {
"answer_start": [
46742
],
"text": [
"readily transmit to more than one other human"
]
} | false |
4,296 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | What do the majority of human cases of MERS-CoV seem not to do? | {
"answer_start": [
46742
],
"text": [
"readily transmit to more than one other human "
]
} | false |
4,298 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | What is the basic reproduction number (R 0)? | {
"answer_start": [
46950
],
"text": [
"the average number of infections caused by one infected individual in a fully susceptible population"
]
} | false |
4,299 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | What is the basic reproduction number (R 0 ) for MERS-COV? | {
"answer_start": [
47059
],
"text": [
"close to one"
]
} | false |
4,300 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | Why has MERS had a constant presence in the Arabian Peninsula? | {
"answer_start": [
47402
],
"text": [
"due to ongoing, sporadic spill-over events from DCs amplified by poorly controlled hospital outbreaks.\n"
]
} | false |
4,301 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | What was the first known MERS human-to-human transmission event was one characterized by? | {
"answer_start": [
47586
],
"text": [
"acute LRT disease"
]
} | false |
4,302 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | Where was the first known MERS human-to-human transmission event? | {
"answer_start": [
47604
],
"text": [
"in a healthcare setting in Jordan"
]
} | false |
4,367 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | Approximately what percentage of MERS cases were fatal in KSA? | {
"answer_start": [
49531
],
"text": [
"21 %"
]
} | false |
4,368 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | Approximately what percentage of MERS cases were died outside KSA? | {
"answer_start": [
49531
],
"text": [
"21 %"
]
} | false |
4,369 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | What percentage of HCWs comprised of MERS cases in the KSA and South Korea? | {
"answer_start": [
50413
],
"text": [
"16 %"
]
} | false |
4,370 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | How has most of the analysis of MERS-CoV genetics been performed? | {
"answer_start": [
51231
],
"text": [
"using high throughput or \"deep\" sequencing methods for complete genome deduction"
]
} | false |
4,372 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | What does Clade A contain? | {
"answer_start": [
52035
],
"text": [
"only human-derived MERS-CoV genomes"
]
} | false |
4,373 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | What does clade B comprise? | {
"answer_start": [
52108
],
"text": [
"the majority of human and camel genomes deduced thus far"
]
} | false |
4,371 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | How many clades have become apparent in genome of MERS-COV from humans and DCs? | {
"answer_start": [
58320
],
"text": [
"has had more MERS cases than any other region of the KSA"
]
} | false |
4,374 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | Which city has had has had more MERS cases than any other region of the KSA ? | {
"answer_start": [
58271
],
"text": [
"Riyadh"
]
} | false |
4,375 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | Which city harbours a wide range of MERS-CoV variants | {
"answer_start": [
58270
],
"text": [
" Riyadh"
]
} | false |
4,376 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | How has the vast majority of MERS-CoV transmission occurred? | {
"answer_start": [
66077
],
"text": [
"from infected to uninfected humans in close and prolonged contact "
]
} | false |
4,377 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | How were the transmission circumstances created? | {
"answer_start": [
66173
],
"text": [
"by poor infection control in health care settings"
]
} | false |
4,378 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | What percentage of humans have died among all humans reported to be infected? | {
"answer_start": [
67310
],
"text": [
" nearly 40 %"
]
} | false |
4,379 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | What would aid accurate calculation of a case fatality ratio? | {
"answer_start": [
67480
],
"text": [
"Global alignment of case definitions"
]
} | false |
4,380 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | How does MARS-COV differ from SARS-COV? | {
"answer_start": [
68137
],
"text": [
"MERS-CoV has a broader tropism, grows more rapidly in vitro, more rapidly induces cytopathogenic change, triggers distinct transcriptional responses, makes use of a different receptor, induces a more proinflammatory state and has a delayed innate antiviral response ... | false |
4,381 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | Is there any evidence that MERS-CoV is a virus of pandemic concern? | {
"answer_start": [
69043
],
"text": [
"There is no evidence that MERS-CoV is a virus of pandemic concern"
]
} | false |
4,215 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | How did the first WHO case definition define probable cases of MERS? | {
"answer_start": [
6732
],
"text": [
"based on the presence of febrile illness, cough and requirement for hospitalization with suspicion of lower respiratory tract (LRT) involvement."
]
} | false |
1,238 | On the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Outbreak and the Smart City Network: Universal Data Sharing Standards Coupled with Artificial Intelligence (AI) to Benefit Urban Health Monitoring and Management
https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8010046
SHA: 90d04764b497a224a1d969f4e317fc19a5feab35
Authors: Allam, Zaheer; Jones, David ... | What is PHEIC? | {
"answer_start": [
2619
],
"text": [
"Public Health Emergency of International Concern'"
]
} | false |
1,239 | On the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Outbreak and the Smart City Network: Universal Data Sharing Standards Coupled with Artificial Intelligence (AI) to Benefit Urban Health Monitoring and Management
https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8010046
SHA: 90d04764b497a224a1d969f4e317fc19a5feab35
Authors: Allam, Zaheer; Jones, David ... | How is PHEIC defined? | {
"answer_start": [
2740
],
"text": [
"an extraordinary event which is determined to constitute a public health risk to other States through the international spread of disease and to potentially require a coordinated international response"
]
} | false |
1,240 | On the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Outbreak and the Smart City Network: Universal Data Sharing Standards Coupled with Artificial Intelligence (AI) to Benefit Urban Health Monitoring and Management
https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8010046
SHA: 90d04764b497a224a1d969f4e317fc19a5feab35
Authors: Allam, Zaheer; Jones, David ... | What platform was instrumental in rapid sharing of COVID-19 information? | {
"answer_start": [
3228
],
"text": [
"Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID)"
]
} | false |
239 | The Battle Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Emergency Management
and Infection Control in a Radiology Department
https://www.jacr.org/article/S1546-1440(20)30285-4/pdf
Journal Pre-proof
Zixing Huang, Shuang Zhao, Zhenlin Li, Weixia Chen, Lihong Zhao, Lipeng Deng, Bin
Song
PII: S1546-1440(20)30285-4
DOI: htt... | What's the recommended procedure to disinfect at CT scanner after a COVID-19 exposure? | {
"answer_start": [
18441
],
"text": [
"The equipment in the contaminated area are wiped with\n2000mg/L chlorine-containing disinfectant. The DR and CT gantry in the contaminated\narea are wiped with 75% ethanol. The equipment in the buffer area is wiped with\n500-1000mg/L chlorine-containing disinfectant... | false |
240 | The Battle Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Emergency Management
and Infection Control in a Radiology Department
https://www.jacr.org/article/S1546-1440(20)30285-4/pdf
Journal Pre-proof
Zixing Huang, Shuang Zhao, Zhenlin Li, Weixia Chen, Lihong Zhao, Lipeng Deng, Bin
Song
PII: S1546-1440(20)30285-4
DOI: htt... | What's the recommended method to disinfect floors for COVID-19? | {
"answer_start": [
19312
],
"text": [
"The ground is wiped with 1000mg/L chlorine-containing\ndisinfectant, once /4 hours."
]
} | false |
241 | The Battle Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Emergency Management
and Infection Control in a Radiology Department
https://www.jacr.org/article/S1546-1440(20)30285-4/pdf
Journal Pre-proof
Zixing Huang, Shuang Zhao, Zhenlin Li, Weixia Chen, Lihong Zhao, Lipeng Deng, Bin
Song
PII: S1546-1440(20)30285-4
DOI: htt... | What is the role of computed tomography (CT) in COVID-19? | {
"answer_start": [
5745
],
"text": [
"diagnosing and categorizing\nCOVID-19 on the basis of case definitions issued by the WHO"
]
} | false |
242 | The Battle Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Emergency Management
and Infection Control in a Radiology Department
https://www.jacr.org/article/S1546-1440(20)30285-4/pdf
Journal Pre-proof
Zixing Huang, Shuang Zhao, Zhenlin Li, Weixia Chen, Lihong Zhao, Lipeng Deng, Bin
Song
PII: S1546-1440(20)30285-4
DOI: htt... | What kind of masks are recommended to protect healthcare workers from COVID-19 exposure? | {
"answer_start": [
12064
],
"text": [
"N95 mask"
]
} | false |
243 | The Battle Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Emergency Management
and Infection Control in a Radiology Department
https://www.jacr.org/article/S1546-1440(20)30285-4/pdf
Journal Pre-proof
Zixing Huang, Shuang Zhao, Zhenlin Li, Weixia Chen, Lihong Zhao, Lipeng Deng, Bin
Song
PII: S1546-1440(20)30285-4
DOI: htt... | What thickness of layers is recommended for CT image reconstruction in COVID-19 assessment? | {
"answer_start": [
15491
],
"text": [
"1 mm-thick layers"
]
} | false |
2,458 | The Battle Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Emergency Management
and Infection Control in a Radiology Department
https://www.jacr.org/article/S1546-1440(20)30285-4/pdf
Journal Pre-proof
Zixing Huang, Shuang Zhao, Zhenlin Li, Weixia Chen, Lihong Zhao, Lipeng Deng, Bin
Song
PII: S1546-1440(20)30285-4
DOI: htt... | What must the data gathering include? | {
"answer_start": [
22205
],
"text": [
"up-to-date case definitions and information about\nconfirmatory tests to all staff with direct patient contact to allow appropriate barrier precautions\nto be taken."
]
} | false |
2,459 | The Battle Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Emergency Management
and Infection Control in a Radiology Department
https://www.jacr.org/article/S1546-1440(20)30285-4/pdf
Journal Pre-proof
Zixing Huang, Shuang Zhao, Zhenlin Li, Weixia Chen, Lihong Zhao, Lipeng Deng, Bin
Song
PII: S1546-1440(20)30285-4
DOI: htt... | What must be done to assist in recognition of the disease on images and to allow accurate reporting
of these findings?
| {
"answer_start": [
22369
],
"text": [
"All typical and atypical imaging features of the disease should be made known to\nall radiologists"
]
} | false |
2,460 | The Battle Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Emergency Management
and Infection Control in a Radiology Department
https://www.jacr.org/article/S1546-1440(20)30285-4/pdf
Journal Pre-proof
Zixing Huang, Shuang Zhao, Zhenlin Li, Weixia Chen, Lihong Zhao, Lipeng Deng, Bin
Song
PII: S1546-1440(20)30285-4
DOI: htt... | What is the major role of chest CT? | {
"answer_start": [
24384
],
"text": [
"to understand the\nextent and dynamic evolution of lung lesions induced by COVID-19"
]
} | false |
2,461 | The Battle Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Emergency Management
and Infection Control in a Radiology Department
https://www.jacr.org/article/S1546-1440(20)30285-4/pdf
Journal Pre-proof
Zixing Huang, Shuang Zhao, Zhenlin Li, Weixia Chen, Lihong Zhao, Lipeng Deng, Bin
Song
PII: S1546-1440(20)30285-4
DOI: htt... | What is the reason to adopt low-dose CT? | {
"answer_start": [
24546
],
"text": [
" low-dose chest CT has been\nwidely used in the screening of early lung cancer. It is well known that many early lung cancers\nare ground-glass opacities (GGO), so we believe that low-dose screening is also applicable for\nCOVID-19. In addition, considering the rapi... | false |
2,448 | The Battle Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Emergency Management
and Infection Control in a Radiology Department
https://www.jacr.org/article/S1546-1440(20)30285-4/pdf
Journal Pre-proof
Zixing Huang, Shuang Zhao, Zhenlin Li, Weixia Chen, Lihong Zhao, Lipeng Deng, Bin
Song
PII: S1546-1440(20)30285-4
DOI: htt... | What did the EMICT responsibilities include? | {
"answer_start": [
10070
],
"text": [
" (1) coordination between the\nhospital’s management and planning of infection control and radiology departments; (2)\ncollection of the most up-to-date protection-related information to educate and train staff in the\ndepartment; (3) reallocation of staff according... | false |
2,449 | The Battle Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Emergency Management
and Infection Control in a Radiology Department
https://www.jacr.org/article/S1546-1440(20)30285-4/pdf
Journal Pre-proof
Zixing Huang, Shuang Zhao, Zhenlin Li, Weixia Chen, Lihong Zhao, Lipeng Deng, Bin
Song
PII: S1546-1440(20)30285-4
DOI: htt... | How were the radiology department areas divided? | {
"answer_start": [
10860
],
"text": [
"contaminated, semicontaminated,\nbuffer, and clean areas"
]
} | false |
2,450 | The Battle Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Emergency Management
and Infection Control in a Radiology Department
https://www.jacr.org/article/S1546-1440(20)30285-4/pdf
Journal Pre-proof
Zixing Huang, Shuang Zhao, Zhenlin Li, Weixia Chen, Lihong Zhao, Lipeng Deng, Bin
Song
PII: S1546-1440(20)30285-4
DOI: htt... | How was the contaminated area connected to the CT room and other facilities? | {
"answer_start": [
10953
],
"text": [
"connected to the fever clinic and\nincludes the fever accessway, the CT examination room, and the DR examination room for\n6\nconfirmed and suspected cases. One CT scanner and one DR system closest to the emergency\ndepartment are designated the fever-CT and fever-D... | false |
2,453 | The Battle Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Emergency Management
and Infection Control in a Radiology Department
https://www.jacr.org/article/S1546-1440(20)30285-4/pdf
Journal Pre-proof
Zixing Huang, Shuang Zhao, Zhenlin Li, Weixia Chen, Lihong Zhao, Lipeng Deng, Bin
Song
PII: S1546-1440(20)30285-4
DOI: htt... | What does the clean area include? | {
"answer_start": [
11603
],
"text": [
"he clean area\nincludes the administrative office and the diagnostic room."
]
} | false |
2,451 | The Battle Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Emergency Management
and Infection Control in a Radiology Department
https://www.jacr.org/article/S1546-1440(20)30285-4/pdf
Journal Pre-proof
Zixing Huang, Shuang Zhao, Zhenlin Li, Weixia Chen, Lihong Zhao, Lipeng Deng, Bin
Song
PII: S1546-1440(20)30285-4
DOI: htt... | What does the semicontaminated area include? | {
"answer_start": [
11408
],
"text": [
" the fever-CT control room,\nfever-DR control room, and other patient examination access areas. "
]
} | false |
2,452 | The Battle Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Emergency Management
and Infection Control in a Radiology Department
https://www.jacr.org/article/S1546-1440(20)30285-4/pdf
Journal Pre-proof
Zixing Huang, Shuang Zhao, Zhenlin Li, Weixia Chen, Lihong Zhao, Lipeng Deng, Bin
Song
PII: S1546-1440(20)30285-4
DOI: htt... | What does the buffer area include? | {
"answer_start": [
11528
],
"text": [
"access areas for medical personnel and a dressing area for technologists. "
]
} | false |
2,454 | The Battle Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Emergency Management
and Infection Control in a Radiology Department
https://www.jacr.org/article/S1546-1440(20)30285-4/pdf
Journal Pre-proof
Zixing Huang, Shuang Zhao, Zhenlin Li, Weixia Chen, Lihong Zhao, Lipeng Deng, Bin
Song
PII: S1546-1440(20)30285-4
DOI: htt... | How was the wearing and removing of the equipment performed? | {
"answer_start": [
12203
],
"text": [
"under the supervision of\nthe infection control nurse."
]
} | false |
2,455 | The Battle Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Emergency Management
and Infection Control in a Radiology Department
https://www.jacr.org/article/S1546-1440(20)30285-4/pdf
Journal Pre-proof
Zixing Huang, Shuang Zhao, Zhenlin Li, Weixia Chen, Lihong Zhao, Lipeng Deng, Bin
Song
PII: S1546-1440(20)30285-4
DOI: htt... | What can lower the physical and mental stress levels of staff members? | {
"answer_start": [
12348
],
"text": [
" periodically taking time off "
]
} | false |
2,456 | The Battle Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Emergency Management
and Infection Control in a Radiology Department
https://www.jacr.org/article/S1546-1440(20)30285-4/pdf
Journal Pre-proof
Zixing Huang, Shuang Zhao, Zhenlin Li, Weixia Chen, Lihong Zhao, Lipeng Deng, Bin
Song
PII: S1546-1440(20)30285-4
DOI: htt... | Who must be assigned to the clean area? | {
"answer_start": [
12636
],
"text": [
"Pregnant staff "
]
} | false |
2,457 | The Battle Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Emergency Management
and Infection Control in a Radiology Department
https://www.jacr.org/article/S1546-1440(20)30285-4/pdf
Journal Pre-proof
Zixing Huang, Shuang Zhao, Zhenlin Li, Weixia Chen, Lihong Zhao, Lipeng Deng, Bin
Song
PII: S1546-1440(20)30285-4
DOI: htt... | What responses must EMICT consider once a disease has been identified? | {
"answer_start": [
22091
],
"text": [
"data gathering, collaboration, needs assessment, and expert advice "
]
} | false |
2,462 | The Battle Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Emergency Management
and Infection Control in a Radiology Department
https://www.jacr.org/article/S1546-1440(20)30285-4/pdf
Journal Pre-proof
Zixing Huang, Shuang Zhao, Zhenlin Li, Weixia Chen, Lihong Zhao, Lipeng Deng, Bin
Song
PII: S1546-1440(20)30285-4
DOI: htt... | What is the conclusion of the report? | {
"answer_start": [
4062
],
"text": [
"Strategic planning and adequate protections can help protect patients and staff\nagainst a highly infectious disease while maintaining function at a high volume capacity.\nKeywords: Coronavirus, COVID-19, novel coronavirus pneumonia, infection control"
]
} | false |
2,463 | The Battle Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Emergency Management
and Infection Control in a Radiology Department
https://www.jacr.org/article/S1546-1440(20)30285-4/pdf
Journal Pre-proof
Zixing Huang, Shuang Zhao, Zhenlin Li, Weixia Chen, Lihong Zhao, Lipeng Deng, Bin
Song
PII: S1546-1440(20)30285-4
DOI: htt... | What were the number of cases in mainland china as of March 11th? | {
"answer_start": [
4738
],
"text": [
"80,793 "
]
} | false |
2,464 | The Battle Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Emergency Management
and Infection Control in a Radiology Department
https://www.jacr.org/article/S1546-1440(20)30285-4/pdf
Journal Pre-proof
Zixing Huang, Shuang Zhao, Zhenlin Li, Weixia Chen, Lihong Zhao, Lipeng Deng, Bin
Song
PII: S1546-1440(20)30285-4
DOI: htt... | How many COVID deaths occurred in Chinese mainland as of March 11th? | {
"answer_start": [
4765
],
"text": [
"3,169 "
]
} | false |
2,465 | The Battle Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Emergency Management
and Infection Control in a Radiology Department
https://www.jacr.org/article/S1546-1440(20)30285-4/pdf
Journal Pre-proof
Zixing Huang, Shuang Zhao, Zhenlin Li, Weixia Chen, Lihong Zhao, Lipeng Deng, Bin
Song
PII: S1546-1440(20)30285-4
DOI: htt... | How many people have come in contact and how many of these are in observation? | {
"answer_start": [
4931
],
"text": [
"677,243 people have been identified as having had close contact with\ninfected patients of whom13,701 "
]
} | false |
1,219 | Identification of COVID-19 Can be Quicker through Artificial Intelligence framework using a Mobile Phone-Based Survey in the Populations when Cities/Towns Are Under Quarantine
https://doi.org/10.1017/ice.2020.61
SHA: 83c96f2a481be06a5c58552cbad2ca67ce789dc2
Authors: Vazquez, Arni S.R. Srinivasa Rao; Jose A.
Date: 20... | When was the novel Coronavirus first reported? | {
"answer_start": [
974
],
"text": [
"December 2019"
]
} | false |
5,320 | Overview of the 3rd isirv-Antiviral Group Conference – advances in clinical management
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4280814/
SHA: f7bb1f005066cb4930f83cde4cdc1ff3fe411def
Authors: Hurt, Aeron C; Hui, David S; Hay, Alan; Hayden, Frederick G
Date: 2014-11-15
DOI: 10.1111/irv.12293
License: cc-by
Abstr... | When did China detect the first human case of H7N9 infection? | {
"answer_start": [
3243
],
"text": [
"February 2013"
]
} | false |
5,321 | Overview of the 3rd isirv-Antiviral Group Conference – advances in clinical management
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4280814/
SHA: f7bb1f005066cb4930f83cde4cdc1ff3fe411def
Authors: Hurt, Aeron C; Hui, David S; Hay, Alan; Hayden, Frederick G
Date: 2014-11-15
DOI: 10.1111/irv.12293
License: cc-by
Abstr... | How many deaths were associated with MERS-CoV as of July 2014? | {
"answer_start": [
21748
],
"text": [
"288"
]
} | false |
1,149 | Detectable 2019-nCoV viral RNA in blood is a strong indicator for the further clinical severity
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7054964/
SHA: 77b0c98d1a2ca46b219ad090074814c387c80d8f
Authors: Chen, Weilie; Lan, Yun; Yuan, Xiaozhen; Deng, Xilong; Li, Yueping; Cai, Xiaoli; Li, Liya; He, Ruiying; Tan, Yizh... | What illness is caused by the 2019-nCOV Coronavirus? | {
"answer_start": [
563
],
"text": [
"The novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection caused pneumonia. "
]
} | false |
1,151 | Detectable 2019-nCoV viral RNA in blood is a strong indicator for the further clinical severity
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7054964/
SHA: 77b0c98d1a2ca46b219ad090074814c387c80d8f
Authors: Chen, Weilie; Lan, Yun; Yuan, Xiaozhen; Deng, Xilong; Li, Yueping; Cai, Xiaoli; Li, Liya; He, Ruiying; Tan, Yizh... | In addition to oral swabs, which tests detected the presence of 2019-nCOV virus? | {
"answer_start": [
782
],
"text": [
"the 2109-nCoV RNA was readily detected in the blood (6 of 57 patients) and the anal swabs (11 of 28 patients). "
]
} | false |
1,160 | Detectable 2019-nCoV viral RNA in blood is a strong indicator for the further clinical severity
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7054964/
SHA: 77b0c98d1a2ca46b219ad090074814c387c80d8f
Authors: Chen, Weilie; Lan, Yun; Yuan, Xiaozhen; Deng, Xilong; Li, Yueping; Cai, Xiaoli; Li, Liya; He, Ruiying; Tan, Yizh... | What is the relationship between the presence of virus in blood and anal swabs and disease severity? | {
"answer_start": [
906
],
"text": [
"all of the 6 patients with detectable viral RNA in the blood cohort progressed to severe symptom stage, indicating a strong correlation of serum viral RNA with the disease severity (p-value = 0.0001). Meanwhile, 8 of the 11 patients with annal swab virus-positive was ... | false |
1,168 | Detectable 2019-nCoV viral RNA in blood is a strong indicator for the further clinical severity
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7054964/
SHA: 77b0c98d1a2ca46b219ad090074814c387c80d8f
Authors: Chen, Weilie; Lan, Yun; Yuan, Xiaozhen; Deng, Xilong; Li, Yueping; Cai, Xiaoli; Li, Liya; He, Ruiying; Tan, Yizh... | Which patients were classified as severe in Chinese guidelines? | {
"answer_start": [
4705
],
"text": [
"Patients who were with at least one of the following symptom should be diagnosed to be severe case, 1) distress of respiratory with respiratory rate > = 30/min; 2) Oxygen saturation < = 93% in the rest state, and 3) arterial oxygen tension (PaO₂) over inspiratory oxy... | false |
1,169 | Detectable 2019-nCoV viral RNA in blood is a strong indicator for the further clinical severity
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7054964/
SHA: 77b0c98d1a2ca46b219ad090074814c387c80d8f
Authors: Chen, Weilie; Lan, Yun; Yuan, Xiaozhen; Deng, Xilong; Li, Yueping; Cai, Xiaoli; Li, Liya; He, Ruiying; Tan, Yizh... | What is the relationship between the presence of virus in blood sample and disease severity? | {
"answer_start": [
5150
],
"text": [
" In the 57, 6 cases were detected to be blood positive, all of them (100%) were severe in symptom requiring special care attention, and the blood of the rest 51 cases was without detectable virus in the blood, only 12 of them (23.5%) were severe cases."
]
} | false |
1,171 | Detectable 2019-nCoV viral RNA in blood is a strong indicator for the further clinical severity
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7054964/
SHA: 77b0c98d1a2ca46b219ad090074814c387c80d8f
Authors: Chen, Weilie; Lan, Yun; Yuan, Xiaozhen; Deng, Xilong; Li, Yueping; Cai, Xiaoli; Li, Liya; He, Ruiying; Tan, Yizh... | What test could give an indication for special care for 2019-nCOV patients? | {
"answer_start": [
9149
],
"text": [
"presence of viral RNA outside of the respiratory tract might herald the severity of the disease and alarm the requirement of special care"
]
} | false |
1,170 | Detectable 2019-nCoV viral RNA in blood is a strong indicator for the further clinical severity
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7054964/
SHA: 77b0c98d1a2ca46b219ad090074814c387c80d8f
Authors: Chen, Weilie; Lan, Yun; Yuan, Xiaozhen; Deng, Xilong; Li, Yueping; Cai, Xiaoli; Li, Liya; He, Ruiying; Tan, Yizh... | What is the relationship between the presence of virus in anal swabs and disease severity in 2019-nCOV? | {
"answer_start": [
5505
],
"text": [
"In the anal swab cohort (Figure 1 (B)), 11 of 28 cases were detected to be anal swab positive, 8 of them (72.7%) were with severe symptoms, which was significantly higher than that 4 (23.5%) of the rest 17 cases without detectable virus in anal were severe cases"
]... | false |
1,172 | Detectable 2019-nCoV viral RNA in blood is a strong indicator for the further clinical severity
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7054964/
SHA: 77b0c98d1a2ca46b219ad090074814c387c80d8f
Authors: Chen, Weilie; Lan, Yun; Yuan, Xiaozhen; Deng, Xilong; Li, Yueping; Cai, Xiaoli; Li, Liya; He, Ruiying; Tan, Yizh... | What could be the implication of 2019-nCOV virus in anal swabs? | {
"answer_start": [
10737
],
"text": [
"digestive tract might be one extrapulmonary site for virus replication"
]
} | false |
1,173 | Detectable 2019-nCoV viral RNA in blood is a strong indicator for the further clinical severity
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7054964/
SHA: 77b0c98d1a2ca46b219ad090074814c387c80d8f
Authors: Chen, Weilie; Lan, Yun; Yuan, Xiaozhen; Deng, Xilong; Li, Yueping; Cai, Xiaoli; Li, Liya; He, Ruiying; Tan, Yizh... | What could account for the high transmission rate of the 2019-nCOV virus? | {
"answer_start": [
11258
],
"text": [
"Intensive structural analysis of the S protein of 2019-nCoV with the SARS-Coronavirus suggested that several critical residues in the viral spike protein might confer favourable interaction with human ACE2 [7] . Of note, ACE2 is also abundantly present in humans in ... | false |
1,174 | Detectable 2019-nCoV viral RNA in blood is a strong indicator for the further clinical severity
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7054964/
SHA: 77b0c98d1a2ca46b219ad090074814c387c80d8f
Authors: Chen, Weilie; Lan, Yun; Yuan, Xiaozhen; Deng, Xilong; Li, Yueping; Cai, Xiaoli; Li, Liya; He, Ruiying; Tan, Yizh... | What could account for the dissemination of the 2019-nCOV virus across the whole body? | {
"answer_start": [
11770
],
"text": [
"We propose that rampant coronavirus replication in pulmonary alveolus results in the breakdown of the alveolar vessel and the subsequent virus leakage into the blood flow, through which the virus is disseminated across the whole body. Then the virus succeeds in esta... | false |
2,178 | ‘Tiny Iceland’ preparing for Ebola in a globalized world
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6507955/
SHA: efd94d1135c5ee11c2af624b344881e079a5ce7a
Authors: Gunnlaugsson, Geir; Hauksdóttir, Íris Eva; Bygbjerg, Ib Christian; Pinkowski Tersbøl, Britt
Date: 2019-05-07
DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2019.1597451
License... | When did the World Health Organization declare the Ebola epidemic in West Africa as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern? | {
"answer_start": [
2494
],
"text": [
"8 August 2014"
]
} | false |
2,181 | ‘Tiny Iceland’ preparing for Ebola in a globalized world
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6507955/
SHA: efd94d1135c5ee11c2af624b344881e079a5ce7a
Authors: Gunnlaugsson, Geir; Hauksdóttir, Íris Eva; Bygbjerg, Ib Christian; Pinkowski Tersbøl, Britt
Date: 2019-05-07
DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2019.1597451
License... | What is PPE? | {
"answer_start": [
6407
],
"text": [
"Personal Protective Equipment"
]
} | false |
2,183 | ‘Tiny Iceland’ preparing for Ebola in a globalized world
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6507955/
SHA: efd94d1135c5ee11c2af624b344881e079a5ce7a
Authors: Gunnlaugsson, Geir; Hauksdóttir, Íris Eva; Bygbjerg, Ib Christian; Pinkowski Tersbøl, Britt
Date: 2019-05-07
DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2019.1597451
License... | Where did the 2014 Ebola epidemic in West Africa spread to? | {
"answer_start": [
20518
],
"text": [
"neighbouring sub-Saharan countries, North America, and Europe"
]
} | false |
2,184 | ‘Tiny Iceland’ preparing for Ebola in a globalized world
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6507955/
SHA: efd94d1135c5ee11c2af624b344881e079a5ce7a
Authors: Gunnlaugsson, Geir; Hauksdóttir, Íris Eva; Bygbjerg, Ib Christian; Pinkowski Tersbøl, Britt
Date: 2019-05-07
DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2019.1597451
License... | What are the prerequisites for successful emergency preparedness for an epidemic? | {
"answer_start": [
25212
],
"text": [
"connectedness between health professionals, technological devices, and knowledge"
]
} | false |
5,314 | Recent Progress in Studies of Arterivirus- and Coronavirus-Host Interactions
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3397358/
SHA: f5e974ef3a8c983ae63ac4f4aa2b6ec0e3678032
Authors: Zhong, Yanxin; Tan, Yong Wah; Liu, Ding Xiang
Date: 2012-06-19
DOI: 10.3390/v4060980
License: cc-by
Abstract: Animal coronaviruses... | What is the structure of a coronavirus? | {
"answer_start": [
1119
],
"text": [
"large, non-segmented, positive sense and single stranded RNA animal viruses"
]
} | false |
2,754 | A mathematical model for simulating the phase-based transmissibility of a novel coronavirus
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
SHA: 018269476cd191365d6b8bed046078aea07c8c01
Authors: Yin, Tian-Mu Chen; Jia, Rui; Qiu-Peng, Wang; Ze-Yu, Zhao; Jing-An, Cui; Ling
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
License... | What method is developed in this study? | {
"answer_start": [
840
],
"text": [
"a Bats-Hosts-Reservoir-People transmission network model for simulating the potential transmission from the infection source (probably be bats) to the human infection. "
]
} | false |
2,755 | A mathematical model for simulating the phase-based transmissibility of a novel coronavirus
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
SHA: 018269476cd191365d6b8bed046078aea07c8c01
Authors: Yin, Tian-Mu Chen; Jia, Rui; Qiu-Peng, Wang; Ze-Yu, Zhao; Jing-An, Cui; Ling
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
License... | What is the model simplified to? | {
"answer_start": [
1216
],
"text": [
"Reservoir-People (RP) transmission network model"
]
} | false |
2,756 | A mathematical model for simulating the phase-based transmissibility of a novel coronavirus
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
SHA: 018269476cd191365d6b8bed046078aea07c8c01
Authors: Yin, Tian-Mu Chen; Jia, Rui; Qiu-Peng, Wang; Ze-Yu, Zhao; Jing-An, Cui; Ling
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
License... | What is the estimate of R 0? | {
"answer_start": [
1439
],
"text": [
"The value of R 0 was estimated of 2.30 from reservoir to person and 3.58 from person to person which means that the expected number of secondary infections that result from introducing a single infected individual into an otherwise susceptible population was 3.5"
]... | false |
2,757 | A mathematical model for simulating the phase-based transmissibility of a novel coronavirus
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
SHA: 018269476cd191365d6b8bed046078aea07c8c01
Authors: Yin, Tian-Mu Chen; Jia, Rui; Qiu-Peng, Wang; Ze-Yu, Zhao; Jing-An, Cui; Ling
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
License... | What is the conclusion of this study? | {
"answer_start": [
1716
],
"text": [
"Our model showed that the transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 was higher than the Middle East respiratory syndrome in the Middle East countries, similar to severe acute respiratory syndrome, but lower than MERS in the Republic of Korea."
]
} | false |
2,758 | A mathematical model for simulating the phase-based transmissibility of a novel coronavirus
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
SHA: 018269476cd191365d6b8bed046078aea07c8c01
Authors: Yin, Tian-Mu Chen; Jia, Rui; Qiu-Peng, Wang; Ze-Yu, Zhao; Jing-An, Cui; Ling
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
License... | What was the focus of the study? | {
"answer_start": [
3803
],
"text": [
"Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market (reservoir) to people,"
]
} | false |
2,759 | A mathematical model for simulating the phase-based transmissibility of a novel coronavirus
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
SHA: 018269476cd191365d6b8bed046078aea07c8c01
Authors: Yin, Tian-Mu Chen; Jia, Rui; Qiu-Peng, Wang; Ze-Yu, Zhao; Jing-An, Cui; Ling
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
License... | What were the model assumptions? | {
"answer_start": [
5011
],
"text": [
"the virus transmitted among the bats, and then transmitted to unknown hosts (probably some wild animals). The hosts were hunted and sent to the seafood market which was defined as the reservoir of the virus. People exposed to the market got the risks of the infection... | false |
2,760 | A mathematical model for simulating the phase-based transmissibility of a novel coronavirus
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
SHA: 018269476cd191365d6b8bed046078aea07c8c01
Authors: Yin, Tian-Mu Chen; Jia, Rui; Qiu-Peng, Wang; Ze-Yu, Zhao; Jing-An, Cui; Ling
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
License... | What compartments were the bats divided into? | {
"answer_start": [
5425
],
"text": [
"susceptible bats (S B ), exposed bats (E B ), infected bats (I B ), and removed bats (R B )."
]
} | false |
2,761 | A mathematical model for simulating the phase-based transmissibility of a novel coronavirus
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
SHA: 018269476cd191365d6b8bed046078aea07c8c01
Authors: Yin, Tian-Mu Chen; Jia, Rui; Qiu-Peng, Wang; Ze-Yu, Zhao; Jing-An, Cui; Ling
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
License... | What compartments were the host animals divided into? | {
"answer_start": [
5942
],
"text": [
"The hosts were also divided into four compartments: susceptible hosts (S H ), exposed hosts (E H ), infected hosts (I H ), and removed hosts (R H )"
]
} | false |
2,762 | A mathematical model for simulating the phase-based transmissibility of a novel coronavirus
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
SHA: 018269476cd191365d6b8bed046078aea07c8c01
Authors: Yin, Tian-Mu Chen; Jia, Rui; Qiu-Peng, Wang; Ze-Yu, Zhao; Jing-An, Cui; Ling
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
License... | What was the SARS-COV-2 reservoir? | {
"answer_start": [
6547
],
"text": [
"the seafood market"
]
} | false |
2,763 | A mathematical model for simulating the phase-based transmissibility of a novel coronavirus
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
SHA: 018269476cd191365d6b8bed046078aea07c8c01
Authors: Yin, Tian-Mu Chen; Jia, Rui; Qiu-Peng, Wang; Ze-Yu, Zhao; Jing-An, Cui; Ling
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
License... | What were the people divided into? | {
"answer_start": [
7197
],
"text": [
" into five compartments:\n\nsusceptible people (S P ), exposed people (E P ), symptomatic infected people (I P ), asymptomatic infected people (A P ), and removed people (R P ) including recovered and death people."
]
} | false |
2,764 | A mathematical model for simulating the phase-based transmissibility of a novel coronavirus
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
SHA: 018269476cd191365d6b8bed046078aea07c8c01
Authors: Yin, Tian-Mu Chen; Jia, Rui; Qiu-Peng, Wang; Ze-Yu, Zhao; Jing-An, Cui; Ling
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
License... | What was the mean incubation period? | {
"answer_start": [
9998
],
"text": [
"5.2 days (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.1-7.0) "
]
} | false |
2,765 | A mathematical model for simulating the phase-based transmissibility of a novel coronavirus
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
SHA: 018269476cd191365d6b8bed046078aea07c8c01
Authors: Yin, Tian-Mu Chen; Jia, Rui; Qiu-Peng, Wang; Ze-Yu, Zhao; Jing-An, Cui; Ling
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
License... | What was the mean delay from symptom onset to detection/hospitalization of a case? | {
"answer_start": [
10193
],
"text": [
" 5-day"
]
} | false |
2,766 | A mathematical model for simulating the phase-based transmissibility of a novel coronavirus
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
SHA: 018269476cd191365d6b8bed046078aea07c8c01
Authors: Yin, Tian-Mu Chen; Jia, Rui; Qiu-Peng, Wang; Ze-Yu, Zhao; Jing-An, Cui; Ling
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
License... | How long after onset, the cases detected in Thailand and Japan were hospitalized? | {
"answer_start": [
10323
],
"text": [
" from 3 to 7 days"
]
} | false |
2,767 | A mathematical model for simulating the phase-based transmissibility of a novel coronavirus
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
SHA: 018269476cd191365d6b8bed046078aea07c8c01
Authors: Yin, Tian-Mu Chen; Jia, Rui; Qiu-Peng, Wang; Ze-Yu, Zhao; Jing-An, Cui; Ling
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
License... | What was the duration from illness onset to first medical visit ? | {
"answer_start": [
10518
],
"text": [
"a mean of 5.8 days (95% CI: 4.3-7.5)"
]
} | false |
2,768 | A mathematical model for simulating the phase-based transmissibility of a novel coronavirus
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
SHA: 018269476cd191365d6b8bed046078aea07c8c01
Authors: Yin, Tian-Mu Chen; Jia, Rui; Qiu-Peng, Wang; Ze-Yu, Zhao; Jing-An, Cui; Ling
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
License... | What was the assumption of transmissibility of asymptomatic infection? | {
"answer_start": [
10958
],
"text": [
"0.5 times that of symptomatic infection (κ = 0.5), which was the similar value as influenza "
]
} | false |
2,769 | A mathematical model for simulating the phase-based transmissibility of a novel coronavirus
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
SHA: 018269476cd191365d6b8bed046078aea07c8c01
Authors: Yin, Tian-Mu Chen; Jia, Rui; Qiu-Peng, Wang; Ze-Yu, Zhao; Jing-An, Cui; Ling
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
License... | As of January 17, how many people were tested for body temperature? | {
"answer_start": [
11379
],
"text": [
" 0.3 million people"
]
} | false |
2,770 | A mathematical model for simulating the phase-based transmissibility of a novel coronavirus
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
SHA: 018269476cd191365d6b8bed046078aea07c8c01
Authors: Yin, Tian-Mu Chen; Jia, Rui; Qiu-Peng, Wang; Ze-Yu, Zhao; Jing-An, Cui; Ling
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
License... | What is mobile population in Wuhan? | {
"answer_start": [
11463
],
"text": [
"about 2.87 million"
]
} | false |
2,771 | A mathematical model for simulating the phase-based transmissibility of a novel coronavirus
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
SHA: 018269476cd191365d6b8bed046078aea07c8c01
Authors: Yin, Tian-Mu Chen; Jia, Rui; Qiu-Peng, Wang; Ze-Yu, Zhao; Jing-An, Cui; Ling
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
License... | What was the R0 of SARS? | {
"answer_start": [
15034
],
"text": [
"2.7-3.4 or 2-4 in Hong Kong"
]
} | false |
2,772 | A mathematical model for simulating the phase-based transmissibility of a novel coronavirus
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
SHA: 018269476cd191365d6b8bed046078aea07c8c01
Authors: Yin, Tian-Mu Chen; Jia, Rui; Qiu-Peng, Wang; Ze-Yu, Zhao; Jing-An, Cui; Ling
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
License... | What was the value of R0 in other researches? | {
"answer_start": [
15112
],
"text": [
"R 0 of SARS was about 2.1 in Hong Kong, China, 2.7 in Singapore, and 3.8 in Beijing, China"
]
} | false |
2,773 | A mathematical model for simulating the phase-based transmissibility of a novel coronavirus
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
SHA: 018269476cd191365d6b8bed046078aea07c8c01
Authors: Yin, Tian-Mu Chen; Jia, Rui; Qiu-Peng, Wang; Ze-Yu, Zhao; Jing-An, Cui; Ling
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
License... | What is the reported value of R0 for MERS? | {
"answer_start": [
15455
],
"text": [
"0.8-1.3 "
]
} | false |
2,774 | A mathematical model for simulating the phase-based transmissibility of a novel coronavirus
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
SHA: 018269476cd191365d6b8bed046078aea07c8c01
Authors: Yin, Tian-Mu Chen; Jia, Rui; Qiu-Peng, Wang; Ze-Yu, Zhao; Jing-An, Cui; Ling
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
License... | What was R0 for the high transmissibility in South Korea? | {
"answer_start": [
15674
],
"text": [
" 2.5-7.2"
]
} | false |
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