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She feels that they are fighting stones. Pg 34 Doga and Nina have lost hope in life after their son; Adika is shot dead during the university riots. Their son Jusper seems to have lost his mind after his brother s death and is currently considered as good as dead. Nina concludes that the authorities have robbed them al... |
When one asks questions he is subjected to beating as in the case of Jere. Prisoners are denied food only those who co-operate with authorities enjoy certain privileges. Jere is denied tea then Mosese is presented with a cup of tea. During Adika s funeral Mosese says of the orders room the government. The funeral would... |
They quickly find that they have a lot to talk about because they are like minded as far as the administration of Kafira is concerned. He empathizes with the old couple and wishes to allow them to carry out their shaving ceremony. Secretive cautiousHe does not let out the secret that Mulili allowed Mustafa to escape ac... |
His brother Adika was shot dead during a demonstration held by the university students. He can bedescribed as;Arrogant disrespectfulJusper talks arrogantly to people who do not make sense to him. He talks back at Tumbo regardless of his powerful office. He openly shows his disrespect by talking negatively about the evi... |
He is not afraid to reveal to him that he has written the play. Intelligent creativeJusper is a university student. He is also a playwright who depicts the society so clearly that publishers dread publishing his work. He is able to trick the president to provide real guns so that he can find a chance to avenge the deat... |
Even when Nina threatens to strip naked in protest , a traditional curse, Mulili asks, ....How many naked body I have seen and I am still Mulili with my two eyes, natural? Pg 9 He is insensitive to Doga s feelings that Doga finally tells him, .....may you die the way Adika did. Pg 10 He has Doga, Nina and Kabito killed... |
Comical funnyHis ungrammatical English makes him a funny character provoking laughter in the reader every time he speaks. For example, in reference to Doga s statement that an innocent man is in prison because of Adika, Mulili says, That no matter, he go against law and order, tell us new thing or make clear out of her... |
For example, he does not agree with Jere to let Doga and Nina perform the shaving ceremony for their late son even w hen Jere feels they can allow the couple to do it under supervision. He is very proud of having undeservingly won the milk tender. This is because he is Boss cousin. He is impressed by the way he got the... |
TUMBOTumbo is a government official and a confidant of Boss, the Head of state. He is Regina s landlord and chairman of the committee charged with the responsibility of organizing entertainment for the visiting of head of state. Despite his limited education, he has managed to acquire wealth and enjoys immense influenc... |
Instead he gives the opportunity to Jusper, of the six hundred pounds meant to finance the competition, he gives one third to Jusper and Regina and says the rest will be used to put records straight pg 49 SycophanticHe has secured his place in the entertainment committee by virtue of his unflinching support for the gov... |
Mosese says that it is out of his inefficiency that they are able to carry out the palace coupsGullibleHe played along to Mosese, Jere and Jusper s plot to bring down Boss. Mosese says that it was largely through his inefficiency that they achieved their objective. Pg 74 Jusper is able to convince him that he is Regina... |
He warns Jusper against students protests during the rehearsal. He even brags of having given three hundred jobs to expatriates just to prove a point to the protesters. CorruptAccording to Mulili, Boss has acquired a lot of wealth and banked the money in foreign accounts. When Mulili tells him that Kabito was spreading... |
Incompetent inefficientHe relies on hearsay and propaganda to run the affairs of the state. He admits that Kabito has been one of his loyal servants. He allows prisoners to handle fire arms during the rehearsal which they use to stage the palace coup. Vengeful VindictiveHe is averse to criticism. He orders the killing ... |
ASKARIHe is a prison warder and is mandated to keep watch over Jere and Mosese. Cruel intimidatingEven though Jere was once a soldier like him, he threatens to teach him a lesson or two if Jere calls him his friend again. He also warns Jere that he has once killed a man in that very cellHypocriticalHe tells Jere that t... |
I will not bend so low. Pg 26 . I cannot do it. Among my friends, that would be equivalent to kneeling in front of Boss and pleading for mercy. Pg 27 His change of name was influenced by Boss decision to change his. He changed his name since the man who planted a drug on him to implicate him shared a name with him Nico... |
Iv. He helps develop among other themes the themes of selflessness and misuse of power. V. He also highlights play within a play, satire and suspense among other stylistic devices. REGINAShe is sister of Mosese and Jusper Wendo s girlfriend. Her concern for her brother and boyfriend is responsible for her confrontation... |
She brings the character of as traitorous. Out pd good will she agrees to meet him only for Boss to try to rape her. V. She also brings put the portrayal of Jusper as principled and selfless. Through her, the author successfully brings out the themes of betrayal, sexual immorality and misuseof power. The author s effec... |
Grateful appreciativeHe is grateful to Jere for informing them about the whereabouts of Jusper. As a form of gratitude he offers him a pocket bible. Kaleka s son, I have nothing to give you, handinghim a pocket bible take this. Pg 12 Rational realisticHe tells his wife that they need not to cry since tears are for the ... |
It s a form of criticism of vices through or by use of humour. The writer portrays the evils of the society in a rather humorous way. From the beginning of the play, he depicts the government as insensitive to the needs of its own people. Adika is shot dead by the sub-chief s brother for leading a demonstration against... |
When we do not quite see what is tough in his line of duty. Tumbo is happy when Jusper highlights in the play the influx of expatriate is a sign of potential progress. Mulili is satirised for being insensitive to the rights of children. He suggests that during the head of state s visit, all children and adults should l... |
This statement is given credence by the fact that Jere and Mosese are in prison, not because of committing an offence but standing for the truth. Tumbo says that a sum of money has been allocated for a play-writing competition and adds that the democratic part of it is that anyone has to participate yet in actual sense... |
The readers on the other hand are awake of the plot by the three. IMAGERYThe writer has employed the use of figurative language in the play. Metaphors and similes have been used as follows;I.Similes He was slaughtered like a goat. This show how Adika was killed mercilessly. While referring to this co-actor in the Pilat... |
The above story is an allusion to the Biblical crucification of Jesus. Many citizens of Kafira have been crucified innocently just like Jesus and many others are the pilates that beat upChrist. Doga, Nina and Kabito are among those who die needless deaths. The pilates are exemplified by the likes of Boss and Mulili. Mo... |
Boss orders an Askari to untie the hands of Mosese and Jere pg 70 The act of untying the two symbolizes their freedom and by extension salvation or the citizens of Kafira. Askari is a symbol of oppression. Political prisoners like Jere and Mosese are mistreated while in prison. The brutality of the regime is evident wh... |
Several instances of proverbs are evident in the text. The writer has used proverbs to illustrate the wisdom of Doga and his realistic nature. He says, a mouse does not share a bowl with a cat. Pg 3 which implies that they cannot share mutual relationship with the sub-chief whose brother, Chagaga, is responsible for th... |
This song and the subsequent prayer indicate that the couple can only turn to God for solace after all else has failed. Generally, it is their hope in life because under the Kafira government, they can only trust and obey. It portrays them as religious despite the challenges they are facing. They are seeking for answer... |
The Elites play a major role in salvaging countries marred by poor governance. Explain the truth of the above assertion with reference to Francis Imbuga s Betrayal in the City2. The government of Kafira is a dictatorial regime that doesn t mind the suffering of themasses. Explain the truth of the above assertion with r... |
Strikes come with many adverse effects. Write an essay in support of this statement drawing illustrations from the play Betrayal in the City by Francis Imbuga13. Write an essay explaining the relevance of the title BETRAYAL IN THE CITY. From the play Betrayal in the City by Francis Imbuga14. THE OUTSIDE OF THIS CELL MI... |
After military service as a medical orderly, he returned to his studies, but abandoned them in 1921. During the Bavarian revolutionary turmoil of 1918, Brech wrote his first play, Baal. From this period also dates his poem, 'Legend of the Dead Soldier'. It was cited by the Nazis as one of their strong reasons to depriv... |
Whoever can make the best use of resources in order to provide for others deserves to get the best of the resources. Brecht shows communism through three stories;i The ownership of a piece of land between goat herders and fruit farmers. In the end througharbitrators, the fruit farmers get the valley because they will u... |
Both claim the living child is their own. Solomon orders that the child be cut in two and each half be given to each mother. The real mother of the child gives up the child rather than see him harmed and is judged to be the true mother. The agriculturist and herders are seated in circles as they negotiate and in the en... |
When it is announced that the war is over, Jussup miraculously recovers. Grusha is stuck with a husband she did not want. When Simon Grusha s lover returns from the war, he discovers that Grusha is married and suspects that Michael is her child. Later, the child is taken away from her by some soldiers who claim that he... |
The governor s wife is ordered to leave. Michael s wealth is taken and made intopublic gardens. The message the author is passing across is that resources should belong to those who make better use of them- the child to Grusha, just the same way the valley goes to those who will take care of it. In the end, Azdak divor... |
This song is about two stories which have a bearing on their resolved dispute. The prologue serves several functions; first, it gives the play a unique structure, secondly, enables the playwright to pass on his her key message and the moral of the play to the reader or audience beforehe or she watches or reads it. Bert... |
George Abashwili is executed and the city is in bloodshed. Natella s life is in danger. Servants rush out of the house trying to frantically salvage what they can. A scuffle erupts between the two family doctors over who should attend to the governor s wife who has fainted. Simon comes looking for Grusha. He aims at wo... |
The singer tells us that she then arrives at the River Sirra and with the burden of the child weighing on her; she decides to keep him at the doorstep of a farmyard after realising that the peasant woman has some milk. She anticipates the peasant will feed him and goes to hide behind a tree in order to watch what would... |
Finally, she sings The Song of the Child pg 41 IN THE NORTHERN MOUNTAINSAfter journeying across the glacier for another seven days, Grusha finally arrives at Lavrenti s her brother house. She expects to be welcomed warmly but this is not the case. Her bother has to cook up a story to convince his religious wife that hi... |
When he gets to the courtroom he sees the hanging bodies of authority figures and mistakenly interprets the revolution as a people s revolt. His shouts of joy are interrupted by a soldier who tells him he s got it all wrong: it s not a people s revolution but a military coup. An uprising by the rebellious carpet weaver... |
The corporal leaves cursing as he fears exposing Grusha because he would be admitting that he ran after the child to kill it. The governors wife, Natella, arrives, in her characteristic style, she cannot hide her contempt for the low class and the underprivileged: At least there are no common people here, thank God. I ... |
Simon and Grusha thank Azdak, who signs the divorce papers not the divorce of the old couple but Grusha s divorce from the man she married in the mountains. Everyone dances. Azdak disappears. The Singer explains that the child has been given to the mother who will be best for it and, reminding us of the prologue, that ... |
He makes controversial judgements that put his integrity into questions. He sits on the statue book when delivering justice. A pointer to his contempt for what is just. He also takes wine in public as he executes his duties. ABUSE OF POWERThe governor, George Abashwili, is said to be as rich as Croesus. He has so many ... |
All the cases he judges are in favour of the suffering poor. He fines the wealthy like the farmers heavily, in this way he abuses power to help the poor. LOVE COMPASSIONThe playwright explores the theme of love and friendship through various characters in the play. This is mainly portrayed through the parental love bet... |
She also saves the child from being killed by several iron shirts. Just like a mother who loves her child, she makes several sacrifices. She is forced to buy him milk at an exorbitant price using her meagre weekly pay. She risks her life to save Michael by hitting a corporal with a wooden log and crosses over to the No... |
Grusha promises Simon that she would wait for him. She says, Simon Shashava.....it isjust as it was. Pg 23 . Grusha is introduced to the idea of getting married to Jussup due to the illegitimacy of the child. However, deep within her, she loves Simon and wishes that the union would not last long so that she may re-unit... |
They complain of taxes being high. One petitioner laments: The child is starving in my arms pg 14 . Although thereis a servant collecting their grievances and another distributing coin s from a purse, none of their petitions is attended to and eventually they are driven back with whips. Despite being in a high position... |
But long is not forever. Pg 20 It is the height of irresponsibility when Natella Abashwili takes her time choosing the dresses and shoes to carry. She finally leaves and forgets her child whom she had directed to be laid on the floor. She is busy rummaging through clothing when the Adjutant is busy pleading that they s... |
The taxes are too high. I lost my leg in the Persian war....The child is starving in my arms....the water inspector takes bribes...... pg 14 As for the Fat Prince, hypocrisy reigns supreme. He attends church, wishes the Governor a happy Easter Sunday and bows before Michael. He tickles the child after commenting, I lov... |
Her servants seem to suffer under her as she shouts orders all over. The maid may not be well paid. She once goes to church with a hole in her stocking. Eversince, Aniko has worn two pairs of stockings in church. She is truly hypocritical, feigning to be concerned about Grusha yet she is not. She has false appearance a... |
First, we are presented with a desperate and deplorable Caucasian village due to war. It is described as war ravaged and is in ruins, That s where we stopped three Nazi tanks but the apple orchard was already destroyed......Our beautiful daily farm: a ruin. Pg 97 The number of villages have declined and people have rel... |
The state of the poor is deplorable as evident when the Governor contemplates bringing down their slums in order to create room for his gardens. The political class especially the nobles have no regard to the masses. Michael-The Governor s heir and son- is served by two doctors, He is the apple of the Governor s eye. T... |
Please don t burn the roof over our heads.....I had nothing to do with it. She left it on my doorstep. Pg 38 The fabric that holds the society together has therefore been dismantled by political instability. ANTAGONISM CONFLICTS DISPUTESA conflict is a disagreement that arises when two or more parties dispute or fail t... |
Another conflict develops between Grusha and Jussup. When Grusha gets to her brother s home in the Northern Mountains, Lavrenti- her brother schemes to have her married to a dying man ironically it turns out that Jussup has all along feigned illness to evade war and when news breaks out that the war is over he recovers... |
Other servants advise her to abandon the child for her own good. One old woman tells her, Grusha you re a good soul, but you are not very bright and you know it. Pg 27 Grusha tries to leave Michael but realizes she cannot. The singer tells us that after looking at the baby, Grusha hears as if it is telling her, woman i... |
To survive she has to be crafty. She tells Michael they have to be As small as cockroaches... the sister-in-law will forget we are in the house. Pg47 Grusha, who is alredy engaged to Simon and has promised to await his return ends up getting married to a dying man Jussup-to make Michael have a legitimate father. This i... |
They are a pitiful sight. The social difference is due to the poor governance. The governor s family is expensively dressed. Natelladerides the poor, For instance on page 18 she says It s impossible to live in such a slum.... When she enters the court, she is relieved that there are no common people: I can t stand thei... |
She has been asked by Simon where she would hide and she confidently says she would run to her brother in the Northern Mountains. When she arrives there, her brother cannot host her with the child because he says his wife is religious and cannot host her. Instead of being given a warm welcome, Grusha stays like a fugit... |
They arrive at a consensus through the voice of reason rather that by the rule of law. The petitioners and beggars bitterly cry for justice. The governor demurs to heed to their pitiable calls for fair treatment. However, reason does not prevail; the soldiers are guilty of abstracting justice by lashing at the pitiful ... |
Azdak turns justice upside down to the relief of the vulnerable. His ruling is controversial. He declares to the Doctor; you have perpetrated an unpardonable error in the practice of your profession; you are acquitted. Pg 77 Ludovica is accusedof committing an intentional assault yet she is the victim of rape by the st... |
She is the heroine in the play. She rescues Michael who is abandoned by her fleeing mother, Natella after the coup. To survive she makes several sacrifices and choices she stays with him for two years. She is described as;a Loving Caring ConcernedShe is concerned about Simon s fate when he is delegated to be Natella s ... |
Then she takes him away. She suckled Michael just like a mother, and realizing that he is not suckling anymore, she goes to the peasant and tells him, The baby must be fed pg 32 At the trial scene, Grusha cannot bring herself to pull Michael from the chalk circle. When asked why she is not participating she says, I bro... |
Her determination is also exemplified when she succeeds in getting across the broken bridge thus risking her life and Michaels. At the court when she is asked by judge Azdak if she would want Michael to go back to her mother so that he can be rich and powerful she says, I won t give him up. I have raised him and he kno... |
He displays knowledge about how the princes were corrupt and did not lose war because that corruptly made money out of it. War lost but not for the princes. Princes won their war. Got 3,863,000 piasters for horses not delivered, 8,240, 000 piasters for food supplies not produced pg 74 The skilful and intelligent way in... |
Iii Considerate Judicious SensibleHe listens to both sides giving them chances to explain their side of the story. After the first lawyer has presented his case, Azdak asks Grusha: What is your answer to all this and anything else the lawyer might have to say pg 91 When she just answers that the child is hers, he asks,... |
I ll have to pay for it.... pg 84 vi HumorousHe makes a joke in court when it is explained that Grusha is engaged to Simon yet is married to a peasant in the mountain village. He asks whether she did so because Simon was not good in bed. Vii Abusive disrespectful insolentHe insults the old beggar when he discovers that... |
Viii ImmoralOn page 93 while addressing Grusha he says, Is he no good in bed? Tell the truth this is in reference to Simon. In the court, he admonishes Grusha for not, making eye.....and wiggling her backside a little to keep him.....in good temper. Pg 95 GEORGI ABASHWILIHe is the governor of the Grusinian people, Nate... |
He is ready to build a whole wing which makes his wife Natella jealous of their son. NATELLA ABASHWILIShe is the wife to Governor Abashwili and biological mother to Michael. When the coup takes place,she leaves behind her child and later, she tries to reclaim him back from Grusha, the lady who salvaged him. She is port... |
She looks at Grusha and asks contemptuously, Is that the creature pg 88 III Careless irresponsibleShe orders the woman holding Michael, Natella s own son to put him down so that she can get her little saffron coloured boots from the bedroom. She is not interested in the child. No wonder the child is left behind as she ... |
The latter is tolerant and persuasive instead, Azdak don t be hard on me. I ll lose my job if I don t arrest you. I know you re a good heart pg65 . Shauwa is a policeman with power to arrest Azdak but instead Azdak incriminates him and orders him to go home and repent which Shauwa does. II Obedient Submissive Accommoda... |
Shauwa reports all the cases to Azdak without influencing him and showing any bias. He serves Azdak wine in the tavern. Shauwa brings him wine pg 79 sometimes he reports the cases while sweeping busy sweeping Blackmail pg 76 IV Caring ConcernedWhen the Grand Duke returns and Azdak is scared that he will face the conseq... |
I only went for a fish. V Loving concerned responsibleWhen he returns from war, he goes to look for Grusha at the Northern Mountains. He asks her How are things here? Was the winter bearable? When the Governor is toppled and killed he comes to look for Grusha: Grusha! There you are at last! What are you going to do? Pg... |
He is potrayed as;a Fearful cowardly timidThe manner in which he quietly and quickly inquires from Grusha whether there is a father to the child indicates that he is fearful. He is intimidated by his wife. Due to this Lavrenti anxiously says that they must think something up. He fears that the priest had questioned Gru... |
ANIKOShe is Lavrenti s wife and a sister-in-law to Grusha. She is portrayed as;a Hypocritical pretentiousShe is portrayed as being religious but lacks religious qualities. Grusha arrives at their home worn out and tires, all she is concerned is about Grusha s single status. If your husband s not in the city, where is h... |
She makes arrangement with Lavrenti to have his sister married to her son Jussup on his deathbed She is portrayed as;a Materialistic greedyShe is to be paid by Lavrenti 400 piasters for having Grusha marry Jussup. When she discovers that there is a child, Lavrenti has to offer 200 piasters more and she readily agrees t... |
Pg 52 ARSEN KAZBEKIHe is referred to as the Fat Prince. He is a brother to the Governor. He plots and stages a coup, with the help of ironshirts that leads to the killing of his brother-The Governor. When the Grand Duke returns after two years he is deposed and beheaded. He is portrayed as;a Hypocritical insincereHe pr... |
It isn t customary....who got there first. Pg 72 d CorruptHe fights for his nephew to be installed as judge. The iron shirts outwit him in his own game and the position goes to Azdak. E GreedyHis plan to overthrow the system run by the Grand Duke is motivated by greed for power. He evenkills the Governor, his brother, ... |
The play within a play is used to bring out the self sacrificing nature of Grusha. As seen when she takes care of Michael as he own son, through it various stylistic techniques such as use of song, Irony and flash back are evident. Various themes such as hypocrisy, negligence of duty among others are also brought out. ... |
This is her week s salary. This amount of money used is a sacrifice for Michael. This contrasts the 100,000 piasters offered to Azdak by the Duke for one night lodging ....persuasion! Pay hundred thousand piasters one night, I tell you...where are they? Pg 64 . This contrast is meant to bring to fore the glaring gap be... |
Your Grace...no cause for concern, your Grace. Pg 15-16 It is humorous that these two doctors described as dignified would quarrel over Michael s coughing. In another comic episode, the two argue over whom will take charge of Natellla now that she has fainted after chaos and death erupt in the palace. Niko Mikadze, it ... |
The beggars and petitioners are crying that they do not have enough to eat and they feel neglected. The policing administration is criticized for the inhuman treatment of the suffering lot. They lash them with whips to keep them away from the Governor and his family instead of sympathizing with their plight. The govern... |
The Governor s wife is satirized through her vain behaviour. She does not have time for the poor beggars and her servants and only identifies herself with people of class. After the coup her main concern is the clothes she is going to carry, only essential!.......the green one! And of course, the one with far trimming.... |
Other types of irony are situational, comic and tragic irony. The playwright has used this style in several areas in The Caucasian Chalk Circle. The irony of situation is that George Abashwili, the Governor plans to remodel and enlarge his palace. ... In the afternoon his Excellency will confer with prominent architect... |
Grusha s plans are well intentioned since she thinks the peasant will be kind enough to give Michael milk and she assumes that are far enough from the city. This is exemplified when she says, now you have wet yourself again...you can t ask that can you? Pg 34 . Irony is brought to the fore when her thoughts are display... |
Jussup suddenly sits up in bed; the most ironic possible scenario of his death is no more. He is alive and kicking. Azdak s judgement at the court is presented in an ironic manner. Brecht has used this style to point out that Azdak is a disappointed man and would not cause disappointment to others. The judgment pronoun... |
Pg 97 There is also reference to a bloody time pg 13 . This denotes time of war characterized by violence and death. In the chorus pg 32 , the ironshirts pursuing Grusha are likened to bloodhounds , dogs that are known for their powerful sense of smell. On page 65, Azdak likens the old man grand prince to a bedbug to s... |
Simon asks Grusha, Is the lady as healthy as a fish in water? Pg 22 . Grusha is compared to a thief; probably for the reader to pass judgement on whether she is justifies to take Michael, we are told: As if she was a thief she crept away! Pg 29 When Grusha is sheltered at her brother s house, she tells Michael that the... |
For instance it says, ...who had no bread at all have full granaries... pg 84PROVERBS AND WISE SAYINGSMany proverbs have been used by the playwright. The capability to use proverbs in one s conversation is interpreted as a sign of wisdom. It also shows masterly of one s own language sinceproverbs and wise sayings requi... |
By Azdak replying that, I m my own master, said the servant; and cut off his foot, means one does not have to do outrageous activities to prove that one is independent minded. Simon replies by showing that, people are able to see through their tormentors hypocrisy when the latter professes to love the farmer and theref... |
The play infers from both a Chinese play Circle of chalk written in 1300 AD and a biblical story The judgement of Solomon- 1 Kings 3: 16-28 In the Chinese story, a young girl, Hai-tang, bears a child as the second wife of a wealthy man. His first wife claims the child is her own. However, the second wife is judged the ... |
The Christian church has been used as a tool to support the upper class and keep the lower classes in their places. The historical church subverts the original teaching of Christ who treated all humans with respect. The garden that Governor Abashwili want to establish for his son by knocking down slums for thepoor symb... |
This foreshadows the ruling made by the judge as Grusha is finally given child. Azdak tells the old man Grand Duke to encircle the cheese on the plate like it might be snatched from him pg 65 This foreshadows the chalk circle that is drawn to choose a mother for the child,Michael. Pg 97 REVISION QUESTIONS AND EXPECTED ... |
Iv Adzak s two year reign as Judge is treated as an era of rough justice especially for the poor and vulnerable in society. -. The singer says he broke the rules to save them- At long last the poor and the lowly had someone who was not too holy to be bribed by empty hands. QUESTION 2Human weaknesses affect characters n... |
During war people s normal lifestyle way of living is disrupted and there is a lot of destruction of property and lives. Bertolt Bretch has shown how war affects people in his play, The Caucasian Chalk Circle. Body- During war, the innocent and the vulnerable suffer the most from the effects of war and fighting. The se... |
For instance, in The song of injustice in Persia. It is stated that the kings are driven by greed in their quest to acquire new territories by impoverishing peasants. Their sense of imperialism drives them into unrealistic adventures that Azdak refers to as the roof of the world ironically, as the soldiers kill each ot... |
- In the court she is interested in getting Michael back only because of the estates left by her husband. -. She ends up losing the baby to GrushaAniko and Lavrenti- Can t stand Grusha with her baby . Aniko is so religious to accept Grusha- Lavrenti forces Grusha to marry a dying man whom she does not love. He pays the... |
In the Caucasian Chalk circle, such a person is Grusha. Grusha goes through many challenges in order to save and adopt Michael. Some of these challenges are discusses belowAccept any other relevant introductionCONTENT i She sacrifices the little she has in order to sustain Michael. She buys milk exorbitantly ii She is ... |
This is seen as she was the best student in Thompson Falls High School; she then went to Alliance high school and later earned a degree in medicine from the University of Nairobi in 1984 and later a master s degree in pediatrics in the year 1990. In addition to her writing career she worked at the Kenyatta National Hos... |
The river is threatened to drying up by hardships after hardship but the river flows on. The novel won the Kenyatta prize for fiction in 1995 and also the Commonwealth Writers Prize for best first book in Africa in 1995. THE TITLET he title The River and the Source suggests the flow of a river from some point to the se... |
The story ends in the 1990s at the advent of multiparty politics in Kenya. The plot covers a number of generations that oscillates betweenYimbo and Sakwa Akoko s birthplace and marital home respectively in today s Nyanza Province in Kenya. It later spread to Gem, Kisumu,Nakuru and Nairobi in succeeding generations of A... |
Adoyo born during the weeding season. Obanda- according to dreams by the father and grandmother. Akelo after a step grandmother who had died. Akoko is given to her as she is noisy. The traditional values of the community like polygamy and preference for the male children are also brought out in the fathers desire to ha... |
They are warmly welcome and well fed according to chik. On the morning of the next day the warriors take off with Akoko after having engaged in mock battles with her brothers before they ran off with Akoko. Akoko herself is also meant to resist so that it may not be said that she went willingly. They rest for a short w... |
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