source stringlengths 31 203 | text stringlengths 28 2k |
|---|---|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adsorption | Adsorption is the adhesion of atoms, ions or molecules from a gas, liquid or dissolved solid to a surface. This process creates a film of the adsorbate on the surface of the adsorbent. This process differs from absorption, in which a fluid (the absorbate) is dissolved by or permeates a liquid or solid (the absorbent).... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somatic%20cell | In cellular biology, a somatic cell (), or vegetal cell, is any biological cell forming the body of a multicellular organism other than a gamete, germ cell, gametocyte or undifferentiated stem cell. Somatic cells compose the body of an organism and divide through the process of binary fission and mitotic division.
In ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veronica%20%28search%20engine%29 | Veronica was a search engine system for the Gopher protocol, released in November 1992 by Steven Foster and Fred Barrie at the University of Nevada, Reno.
During its existence, Veronica was a constantly updated database of the names of almost every menu item on thousands of Gopher servers. The Veronica database could ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B6del%20numbering | In mathematical logic, a Gödel numbering is a function that assigns to each symbol and well-formed formula of some formal language a unique natural number, called its Gödel number. The concept was developed by Kurt Gödel for the proof of his incompleteness theorems. ()
A Gödel numbering can be interpreted as an encodi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swarm%20behaviour | Swarm behaviour, or swarming, is a collective behaviour exhibited by entities, particularly animals, of similar size which aggregate together, perhaps milling about the same spot or perhaps moving en masse or migrating in some direction. It is a highly interdisciplinary topic.
As a term, swarming is applied particula... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM%207040 | The IBM 7040 was a historic but short-lived model of transistor computer built in the 1960s.
History
It was announced by IBM in December 1961, but did not ship until April 1963. A later member of the IBM 700/7000 series of scientific computers, it was a scaled-down version of the IBM 7090. It was not fully compatible ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows%20Server%202003 | Windows Server 2003, codenamed "Whistler Server", is the second version of the Windows Server operating system produced by Microsoft. It is part of the Windows NT family of operating systems and was released to manufacturing on March 28, 2003 and generally available on April 24, 2003. Windows Server 2003 is the success... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/10 | 10 (ten) is the even natural number following 9 and preceding 11. Ten is the base of the decimal numeral system, the most common system of denoting numbers in both spoken and written language.
Anthropology
Usage and terms
A collection of ten items (most often ten years) is called a decade.
The ordinal adjective is... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dozen | A dozen (commonly abbreviated doz or dz) is a grouping of twelve.
The dozen may be one of the earliest primitive integer groupings, perhaps because there are approximately a dozen cycles of the Moon, or months, in a cycle of the Sun, or year. Twelve is convenient because it has a maximal number of divisors among the n... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12%20%28number%29 | 12 (twelve) is the natural number following 11 and preceding 13. Twelve is a superior highly composite number, divisible by the numbers 2, 3, 4, and 6.
It is the number of years required for an orbital period of Jupiter. It is central to many systems of timekeeping, including the Western calendar and units of time of ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11%20%28number%29 | 11 (eleven) is the natural number following 10 and preceding 12. It is the first repdigit. In English, it is the smallest positive integer whose name has three syllables.
Name
"Eleven" derives from the Old English , which is first attested in Bede's late 9th-century Ecclesiastical History of the English People. It has... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3 | 3 (three) is a number, numeral and digit. It is the natural number following 2 and preceding 4, and is the smallest odd prime number and the only prime preceding a square number. It has religious or cultural significance in many societies.
Evolution of the Arabic digit
The use of three lines to denote the number 3 occ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7 | 7 (seven) is the natural number following 6 and preceding 8. It is the only prime number preceding a cube.
As an early prime number in the series of positive integers, the number seven has greatly symbolic associations in religion, mythology, superstition and philosophy. The seven Classical planets resulted in seven b... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4 | 4 (four) is a number, numeral and digit. It is the natural number following 3 and preceding 5. It is a square number, the smallest semiprime and composite number, and is considered unlucky in many East Asian cultures.
Evolution of the Hindu-Arabic digit
Brahmic numerals represented 1, 2, and 3 with as many lines. 4 w... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/6 | 6 (six) is the natural number following 5 and preceding 7. It is a composite number and the smallest perfect number.
In mathematics
Six is the smallest positive integer which is neither a square number nor a prime number. It is the second smallest composite number after four, equal to the sum and the product of its th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8 | 8 (eight) is the natural number following 7 and preceding 9.
Etymology
English eight, from Old English , æhta, Proto-Germanic *ahto is a direct continuation of Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓ(w)-, and as such cognate with Greek and Latin octo-, both of which stems are reflected by the English prefix oct(o)-, as in the ord... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucky%20number | In number theory, a lucky number is a natural number in a set which is generated by a certain "sieve". This sieve is similar to the Sieve of Eratosthenes that generates the primes, but it eliminates numbers based on their position in the remaining set, instead of their value (or position in the initial set of natural n... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20the%20Ripper | John the Ripper is a free password cracking software tool. Originally developed for the Unix operating system, it can run on fifteen different platforms (eleven of which are architecture-specific versions of Unix, DOS, Win32, BeOS, and OpenVMS). It is among the most frequently used password testing and breaking program... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15%20%28number%29 | 15 (fifteen) is the natural number following 14 and preceding 16.
Mathematics
15 is:
The eighth composite number and the sixth semiprime and the first odd and fourth discrete semiprime; its proper divisors are , , and , so the first of the form (3.q), where q is a higher prime.
a deficient number, a lucky number, a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/16%20%28number%29 | 16 (sixteen) is the natural number following 15 and preceding 17. 16 is the ninth composite number, and a square number, being 42 = 4 × 4. It is the smallest number with exactly five divisors, its proper divisors being , , and .
16 is the first non-unitary fourth-power prime of the form p4
The aliquot sum of a 2-po... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/20%20%28number%29 | 20 (twenty; Roman numeral XX) is the natural number following 19 and preceding 21. A group of twenty units may also be referred to as a score.
In mathematics
Twenty is a pronic number, as it is the product of consecutive integers, namely 4 and 5. It is the third composite number to be the product of a squared prime ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parabolic%20antenna | A parabolic antenna is an antenna that uses a parabolic reflector, a curved surface with the cross-sectional shape of a parabola, to direct the radio waves. The most common form is shaped like a dish and is popularly called a dish antenna or parabolic dish. The main advantage of a parabolic antenna is that it has high ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/17%20%28number%29 | 17 (seventeen) is the natural number following 16 and preceding 18. It is a prime number.
Seventeen is the sum of the first four prime numbers.
In mathematics
Seventeen is the seventh prime number, which makes it the fourth super-prime, as seven is itself prime. It forms a twin prime with 19, a cousin prime with 13, ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19%20%28number%29 | 19 (nineteen) is the natural number following 18 and preceding 20. It is a prime number.
Mathematics
is the eighth prime number, and forms a sexy prime with 13, a twin prime with 17, and a cousin prime with 23. It is the third full reptend prime in decimal, the fifth central trinomial coefficient, and the seventh M... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/18%20%28number%29 | 18 (eighteen) is the natural number following 17 and preceding 19.
In mathematics
Eighteen is the tenth composite number, its divisors being 1, 2, 3, 6 and 9. Three of these divisors (3, 6 and 9) add up to 18, hence 18 is a semiperfect number. Eighteen is the first inverted square-prime of the form p·q2.
In base ten... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary%20production | In ecology, primary production is the synthesis of organic compounds from atmospheric or aqueous carbon dioxide. It principally occurs through the process of photosynthesis, which uses light as its source of energy, but it also occurs through chemosynthesis, which uses the oxidation or reduction of inorganic chemical ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-S-T%20system | The R-S-T system is used by amateur radio operators, shortwave listeners, and other radio hobbyists to exchange information about the quality of a radio signal being received. The code is a three digit number, with one digit each for conveying an assessment of the signal's readability, strength, and tone. The code was... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ten-code | Ten-codes, officially known as ten signals, are brevity codes used to represent common phrases in voice communication, particularly by law enforcement and in citizens band (CB) radio transmissions. The police version of ten-codes is officially known as the APCO Project 14 Aural Brevity Code.
The codes, developed durin... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20%28abstract%20data%20type%29 | In computer science, a list or sequence is an abstract data type that represents a finite number of ordered values, where the same value may occur more than once. An instance of a list is a computer representation of the mathematical concept of a tuple or finite sequence; the (potentially) infinite analog of a list is ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filoviridae | Filoviridae () is a family of single-stranded negative-sense RNA viruses in the order Mononegavirales. Two members of the family that are commonly known are Ebola virus and Marburg virus. Both viruses, and some of their lesser known relatives, cause severe disease in humans and nonhuman primates in the form of viral he... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object-modeling%20technique | The object-modeling technique (OMT) is an object modeling approach for software modeling and designing. It was developed around 1991 by Rumbaugh, Blaha, Premerlani, Eddy and Lorensen as a method to develop object-oriented systems and to support object-oriented programming. OMT describes object model or static structur... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Highly%20composite%20number |
A highly composite number or antiprime is a positive integer with more divisors than any smaller positive integer has. A related concept is that of a largely composite number, a positive integer which has at least as many divisors as any smaller positive integer. The name can be somewhat misleading, as the first two h... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thirty-year%20rule | The "thirty-year rule" is the informal name given to laws in the United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland, and the Commonwealth of Australia that provide that certain government documents will be released publicly thirty years after they were created.
Some other countries' national archives also adhere to a thirty-year... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menger%20sponge | In mathematics, the Menger sponge (also known as the Menger cube, Menger universal curve, Sierpinski cube, or Sierpinski sponge) is a fractal curve. It is a three-dimensional generalization of the one-dimensional Cantor set and two-dimensional Sierpinski carpet. It was first described by Karl Menger in 1926, in his stu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quotient%20of%20a%20formal%20language | In mathematics and computer science, the right quotient (or simply quotient) of a language with respect to language is the language consisting of strings w such that wx is in for some string x in Formally:
In other words, we take all the strings in that have a suffix in , and remove this suffix.
Similarly, the l... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underclocking | Underclocking, also known as downclocking, is modifying a computer or electronic circuit's timing settings to run at a lower clock rate than is specified. Underclocking is used to reduce a computer's power consumption, increase battery life, reduce heat emission, and it may also increase the system's stability, lifespa... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline%20of%20sustainable%20agriculture | The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to sustainable agriculture:
Sustainable agriculture – applied science that integrates three main goals, environmental health, economic profitability, and social and economic equity. These goals have been defined by various philosophies, policies, an... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-renewable%20resource | A non-renewable resource (also called a finite resource) is a natural resource that cannot be readily replaced by natural means at a pace quick enough to keep up with consumption. An example is carbon-based fossil fuels. The original organic matter, with the aid of heat and pressure, becomes a fuel such as oil or gas. ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mizar%20system | The Mizar system consists of a formal language for writing mathematical definitions and proofs, a proof assistant, which is able to mechanically check proofs written in this language, and a library of formalized mathematics, which can be used in the proof of new theorems. The system is maintained and developed by the M... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20numbers | This is a list of notable numbers and articles about notable numbers. The list does not contain all numbers in existence as most of the number sets are infinite. Numbers may be included in the list based on their mathematical, historical or cultural notability, but all numbers have qualities which could arguably make t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quotient%20rule | In calculus, the quotient rule is a method of finding the derivative of a function that is the ratio of two differentiable functions. Let , where both and are differentiable and The quotient rule states that the derivative of is
It is provable in many ways by using other derivative rules.
Examples
Example 1: Bas... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pest%20%28organism%29 | A pest is any organism harmful to humans or human concerns. The term is particularly used for creatures that damage crops, livestock, and forestry or cause a nuisance to people, especially in their homes. Humans have modified the environment for their own purposes and are intolerant of other creatures occupying the sam... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/21%20%28number%29 | 21 (twenty-one) is the natural number following 20 and preceding 22.
The current century is the 21st century AD, under the Gregorian calendar.
In mathematics
Twenty-one is the fifth distinct semiprime, and the second of the form where is a higher prime.
As a biprime with proper divisors 1, 3 and 7, twenty-one has ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open%20Firmware | Open Firmware is a standard defining the interfaces of a computer firmware system, formerly endorsed by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). It originated at Sun Microsystems where it was known as OpenBoot, and has been used by multiple vendors including Sun, Apple, IBM and ARM.
Open Firmware ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QED%20manifesto | The QED manifesto was a proposal for a computer-based database of all mathematical knowledge, strictly formalized and with all proofs having been checked automatically. (Q.E.D. means in Latin, meaning "which was to be demonstrated.")
Overview
The idea for the project arose in 1993, mainly under the impetus of Robert ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klein%E2%80%93Gordon%20equation | The Klein–Gordon equation (Klein–Fock–Gordon equation or sometimes Klein–Gordon–Fock equation) is a relativistic wave equation, related to the Schrödinger equation. It is second-order in space and time and manifestly Lorentz-covariant. It is a quantized version of the relativistic energy–momentum relation . Its solutio... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empty%20sum | In mathematics, an empty sum, or nullary sum, is a summation where the number of terms is zero.
The natural way to extend non-empty sums is to let the empty sum be the additive identity.
Let , , , ... be a sequence of numbers, and let
be the sum of the first m terms of the sequence. This satisfies the recurrence
pr... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutinous%20rice | Glutinous rice (Oryza sativa var. glutinosa; also called sticky rice, sweet rice or waxy rice) is a type of rice grown mainly in Southeast and East Asia, and the northeastern regions of South Asia, which has opaque grains, very low amylose content, and is especially sticky when cooked. It is widely consumed across Asia... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflexive%20space | In the area of mathematics known as functional analysis, a reflexive space is a locally convex topological vector space (TVS) for which the canonical evaluation map from into its bidual (which is the strong dual of the strong dual of ) is an isomorphism of TVSs.
Since a normable TVS is reflexive if and only if it is ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Der%20Spiegel | (, ) is a German weekly news magazine published in Hamburg. With a weekly circulation of about 724,000 copies in 2022, it is one of the largest such publications in Europe. It was founded in 1947 by John Seymour Chaloner, a British army officer, and Rudolf Augstein, a former Wehrmacht radio operator who was recognized ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brook%20Taylor | Brook Taylor (18 August 1685 – 29 December 1731) was an English mathematician best known for creating Taylor's theorem and the Taylor series, which are important for their use in mathematical analysis.
Life and work
Brook Taylor was born in Edmonton (former Middlesex). Taylor was the son of John Taylor, MP of Patri... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian%20Trusted%20Computer%20Product%20Evaluation%20Criteria | The Canadian Trusted Computer Product Evaluation Criteria (CTCPEC) is a computer security standard published in 1993 by the Communications Security Establishment to provide an evaluation criterion on IT products. It is a combination of the TCSEC (also called Orange Book) and the European ITSEC approaches.
CTCPEC led ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Declarative%20programming | In computer science, declarative programming is a programming paradigm—a style of building the structure and elements of computer programs—that expresses the logic of a computation without describing its control flow.
Many languages that apply this style attempt to minimize or eliminate side effects by describing wha... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invariance%20of%20domain | Invariance of domain is a theorem in topology about homeomorphic subsets of Euclidean space .
It states:
If is an open subset of and is an injective continuous map, then is open in and is a homeomorphism between and .
The theorem and its proof are due to L. E. J. Brouwer, published in 1912.
The proof uses to... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal%20Swedish%20Academy%20of%20Engineering%20Sciences | The Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences or Kungliga Ingenjörsvetenskapsakademien (IVA), founded on 24 October 1919 by King Gustaf V, is one of the royal academies in Sweden. The academy is an independent organisation, which promotes contact and exchange between business, research, and government, in Sweden an... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winsock | In computing, the Windows Sockets API (WSA), later shortened to Winsock, is an application programming interface (API) that defines how Windows network application software should access network services, especially TCP/IP. It defines a standard interface between a Windows TCP/IP client application (such as an FTP clie... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural%20induction | Structural induction is a proof method that is used in mathematical logic (e.g., in the proof of Łoś' theorem), computer science, graph theory, and some other mathematical fields. It is a generalization of mathematical induction over natural numbers and can be further generalized to arbitrary Noetherian induction. St... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radioisotope%20thermoelectric%20generator | A radioisotope thermoelectric generator (RTG, RITEG), sometimes referred to as a radioisotope power system (RPS), is a type of nuclear battery that uses an array of thermocouples to convert the heat released by the decay of a suitable radioactive material into electricity by the Seebeck effect. This type of generator h... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3DNow%21 | 3DNow! is a deprecated extension to the x86 instruction set developed by Advanced Micro Devices (AMD). It adds single instruction multiple data (SIMD) instructions to the base x86 instruction set, enabling it to perform vector processing of floating-point vector operations using vector registers, which improves the pe... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instructions%20per%20cycle | In computer architecture, instructions per cycle (IPC), commonly called instructions per clock, is one aspect of a processor's performance: the average number of instructions executed for each clock cycle. It is the multiplicative inverse of cycles per instruction.
Explanation
While early generations of CPUs carried... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct%20limit | In mathematics, a direct limit is a way to construct a (typically large) object from many (typically smaller) objects that are put together in a specific way. These objects may be groups, rings, vector spaces or in general objects from any category. The way they are put together is specified by a system of homomorphis... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megaphone | A megaphone, speaking-trumpet, bullhorn, blowhorn, or loudhailer is usually a portable or hand-held, cone-shaped acoustic horn used to amplify a person's voice or other sounds and direct it in a given direction. The sound is introduced into the narrow end of the megaphone, by holding it up to the face and speaking int... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical%20puzzle | A mechanical puzzle is a puzzle presented as a set of mechanically interlinked pieces in which the solution is to manipulate the whole object or parts of it. While puzzles of this type have been in use by humanity as early as the 3rd century BC, one of the most well-known mechanical puzzles of modern day is the Rubik's... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disentanglement%20puzzle | Disentanglement puzzles (also called entanglement puzzles, tanglement puzzles, tavern puzzles or topological puzzles) are a type or group of mechanical puzzle that involves disentangling one piece or set of pieces from another piece or set of pieces. Several subtypes are included under this category, the names of which... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burr%20puzzle | A burr puzzle is an interlocking puzzle consisting of notched sticks, combined to make one three-dimensional, usually symmetrical unit.
These puzzles are traditionally made of wood, but versions made of plastic or metal can also be found. Quality burr puzzles are usually precision-made for easy sliding and accurate fit... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crypt | A crypt (from Greek κρύπτη (krypte) crypta "vault") is a stone chamber beneath the floor of a church or other building. It typically contains coffins, sarcophagi, or religious relics.
Originally, crypts were typically found below the main apse of a church, such as at the Abbey of Saint-Germain en Auxerre, but were lat... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erd%C5%91s%E2%80%93Borwein%20constant | The Erdős–Borwein constant is the sum of the reciprocals of the Mersenne numbers. It is named after Paul Erdős and Peter Borwein.
By definition it is:
Equivalent forms
It can be proven that the following forms all sum to the same constant:
where σ0(n) = d(n) is the divisor function, a multiplicative function that eq... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%20cell | B cells, also known as B lymphocytes, are a type of white blood cell of the lymphocyte subtype. They function in the humoral immunity component of the adaptive immune system. B cells produce antibody molecules which may be either secreted or inserted into the plasma membrane where they serve as a part of B-cell recepto... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytotoxic%20T%20cell | A cytotoxic T cell (also known as TC, cytotoxic T lymphocyte, CTL, T-killer cell, cytolytic T cell, CD8+ T-cell or killer T cell) is a T lymphocyte (a type of white blood cell) that kills cancer cells, cells that are infected by intracellular pathogens (such as viruses or bacteria), or cells that are damaged in other w... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%20helper%20cell | The T helper cells (Th cells), also known as CD4+ cells or CD4-positive cells, are a type of T cell that play an important role in the adaptive immune system. They aid the activity of other immune cells by releasing cytokines. They are considered essential in B cell antibody class switching, breaking cross-tolerance in... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shugart%20Associates | Shugart Associates (later Shugart Corporation) was a computer peripheral manufacturer that dominated the floppy disk drive market in the late 1970s and is famous for introducing the -inch "Minifloppy" floppy disk drive. In 1979 it was one of the first companies to introduce a hard disk drive form factor compatible with... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard%20Selten | Reinhard Justus Reginald Selten (; 5 October 1930 – 23 August 2016) was a German economist, who won the 1994 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences (shared with John Harsanyi and John Nash). He is also well known for his work in bounded rationality and can be considered one of the founding fathers of experimental e... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enumeration | An enumeration is a complete, ordered listing of all the items in a collection. The term is commonly used in mathematics and computer science to refer to a listing of all of the elements of a set. The precise requirements for an enumeration (for example, whether the set must be finite, or whether the list is allowed to... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algebraic%20enumeration | Algebraic enumeration is a subfield of enumeration that deals with finding exact formulas for the number of combinatorial objects of a given type, rather than estimating this number asymptotically. Methods of finding these formulas include generating functions and the solution of recurrence relations.
References
Enum... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time%20Sharing%20Option | Time Sharing Option (TSO) is an interactive time-sharing environment for IBM mainframe operating systems, including OS/360 MVT, OS/VS2 (SVS), MVS, OS/390, and z/OS.
Use
In computing, time-sharing is a design technique that allows many people to use a computer system concurrently and independently—without interfering ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric%20power%20distribution | Electric power distribution is the final stage in the delivery of electricity. Electricity is carried from the transmission system to individual consumers. Distribution substations connect to the transmission system and lower the transmission voltage to medium voltage ranging between and with the use of transformers.... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meiobenthos | Meiobenthos, also called meiofauna, are small benthic invertebrates that live in marine or freshwater environments, or both. The term meiofauna loosely defines a group of organisms by their sizelarger than microfauna but smaller than macrofaunarather than by their taxonomy. This fauna includes both animals that turns i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tilde | The tilde () or , is a grapheme with a number of uses . The name of the character came into English from Spanish, which in turn came from the Latin titulus, meaning "title" or "superscription". Its primary use is as a diacritic (accent) in combination with a base letter but, for historical reasons, it is also used in ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transaction%20processing | In computer science, transaction processing is information processing that is divided into individual, indivisible operations called transactions. Each transaction must succeed or fail as a complete unit; it can never be only partially complete.
For example, when you purchase a book from an online bookstore, you exc... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mis%C3%A8re | Misère (French for "destitution"), misere, bettel, betl, or (German for "beggar"; equivalent terms in other languages include , and ) is a bid in various card games, and the player who bids misère undertakes to win no tricks or as few as possible, usually at no trump, in the round to be played. This does not allow s... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rural%20area | In general, a rural area or a countryside is a geographic area that is located outside towns and cities. Typical rural areas have a low population density and small settlements. Agricultural areas and areas with forestry typically are described as rural. Different countries have varying definitions of rural for statist... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitehead%20problem | In group theory, a branch of abstract algebra, the Whitehead problem is the following question:
Saharon Shelah proved that Whitehead's problem is independent of ZFC, the standard axioms of set theory.
Refinement
Assume that A is an abelian group such that every short exact sequence
must split if B is also abelian. T... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eating | Eating (also known as consuming) is the ingestion of food. In the natural biological world, this is typically to provide a heterotrophic organism with energy and nutrients and to allow for growth. Animals and other heterotrophs must eat in order to survive — carnivores eat other animals, herbivores eat plants, omnivore... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software%20company | A software company is an organisation — owned either by the state or private — established for profit whose primary products are various forms of software, software technology, distribution, and software product development. They make up the software industry.
Types
There are a number of different types of software c... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order%20of%20operations | In mathematics and computer programming, the order of operations is a collection of rules that reflect conventions about which operations to perform first in order to evaluate a given mathematical expression.
These rules are formalized with a ranking of the operators. The rank of an operator is called its precedence,... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packing%20problems | Packing problems are a class of optimization problems in mathematics that involve attempting to pack objects together into containers. The goal is to either pack a single container as densely as possible or pack all objects using as few containers as possible. Many of these problems can be related to real-life packagin... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrion | Carrion (), also known as a carcass, is the decaying flesh of dead animals.
Overview
Carrion is an important food source for large carnivores and omnivores in most ecosystems. Examples of carrion-eaters (or scavengers) include crows, vultures, condors, hawks, eagles, hyenas, Virginia opossum, Tasmanian devils, coyote... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negative%20feedback | Negative feedback (or balancing feedback) occurs when some function of the output of a system, process, or mechanism is fed back in a manner that tends to reduce the fluctuations in the output, whether caused by changes in the input or by other disturbances. A classic example of negative feedback is a heating system th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subtyping | In programming language theory, subtyping (also called subtype polymorphism or inclusion polymorphism) is a form of type polymorphism. A subtype is a datatype that is related to another datatype (the supertype) by some notion of substitutability, meaning that program elements (typically subroutines or functions), writt... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project%20Coast | Project Coast was a 1980s top-secret chemical and biological weapons (CBW) program instituted by the apartheid-era government of South Africa. Project Coast was the successor to a limited postwar CBW program, which mainly produced the lethal agents CX powder and mustard gas, as well as non-lethal tear gas for riot cont... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magic%20star | An n-pointed magic star is a star polygon with Schläfli symbol {n/2} in which numbers are placed at each of the n vertices and n intersections, such that the four numbers on each line sum to the same magic constant. A normal magic star contains the integers from 1 to 2n with no numbers repeated. The magic constant of a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order%20topology | In mathematics, an order topology is a certain topology that can be defined on any totally ordered set. It is a natural generalization of the topology of the real numbers to arbitrary totally ordered sets.
If X is a totally ordered set, the order topology on X is generated by the subbase of "open rays"
for all a, b... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trophallaxis | Trophallaxis () is the transfer of food or other fluids among members of a community through mouth-to-mouth (stomodeal) or anus-to-mouth (proctodeal) feeding. Along with nutrients, trophallaxis can involve the transfer of molecules such as pheromones, organisms such as symbionts, and information to serve as a form of ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangular%20number | A triangular number or triangle number counts objects arranged in an equilateral triangle. Triangular numbers are a type of figurate number, other examples being square numbers and cube numbers. The th triangular number is the number of dots in the triangular arrangement with dots on each side, and is equal to the sum... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square%20number | In mathematics, a square number or perfect square is an integer that is the square of an integer; in other words, it is the product of some integer with itself. For example, 9 is a square number, since it equals and can be written as .
The usual notation for the square of a number is not the product , but the equiva... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relative%20atomic%20mass | Relative atomic mass (symbol: A; sometimes abbreviated RAM or r.a.m.), also known by the deprecated synonym atomic weight, is a dimensionless physical quantity defined as the ratio of the average mass of atoms of a chemical element in a given sample to the atomic mass constant. The atomic mass constant (symbol: m) is d... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Host%20%28biology%29 | In biology and medicine, a host is a larger organism that harbours a smaller organism; whether a parasitic, a mutualistic, or a commensalist guest (symbiont). The guest is typically provided with nourishment and shelter. Examples include animals playing host to parasitic worms (e.g. nematodes), cells harbouring pathoge... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbral%20calculus | In mathematics before the 1970s, the term umbral calculus referred to the surprising similarity between seemingly unrelated polynomial equations and certain shadowy techniques used to "prove" them. These techniques were introduced by John Blissard and are sometimes called Blissard's symbolic method. They are often attr... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear%20form | In mathematics, a linear form (also known as a linear functional, a one-form, or a covector) is a linear map from a vector space to its field of scalars (often, the real numbers or the complex numbers).
If is a vector space over a field , the set of all linear functionals from to is itself a vector space over with... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Very-long-baseline%20interferometry | Very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI) is a type of astronomical interferometry used in radio astronomy. In VLBI a signal from an astronomical radio source, such as a quasar, is collected at multiple radio telescopes on Earth or in space. The distance between the radio telescopes is then calculated using the time dif... |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.