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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacobian%20conjecture | In mathematics, the Jacobian conjecture is a famous unsolved problem concerning polynomials in several variables. It states that if a polynomial function from an n-dimensional space to itself has Jacobian determinant which is a non-zero constant, then the function has a polynomial inverse. It was first conjectured in 1... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schmutzdecke | Schmutzdecke (German, "dirt cover" or dirty skin, sometimes wrongly spelled schmutzedecke) is a hypogeal biological layer formed on the surface of a slow sand filter. The schmutzdecke is the layer that provides the effective purification in potable water treatment, the underlying sand providing the support medium for t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamaha%20YM2413 | The YM2413, a.k.a. OPLL, is a cost-reduced FM synthesis sound chip manufactured by Yamaha Corporation and based on their YM3812 (OPL2).
To make the chip cheaper to manufacture, many of the internal registers were removed. The result of this is that the YM2413 can only play one user-defined instrument at a time; the ot... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heine%E2%80%93Cantor%20theorem | In mathematics, the Heine–Cantor theorem, named after Eduard Heine and Georg Cantor, states that if is a continuous function between two metric spaces and , and is compact, then is uniformly continuous. An important special case is that every continuous function from a closed bounded interval to the real numbers is... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flexible%20organic%20light-emitting%20diode | A flexible organic light-emitting diode (FOLED) is a type of organic light-emitting diode (OLED) incorporating a flexible plastic substrate on which the electroluminescent organic semiconductor is deposited. This enables the device to be bent or rolled while still operating. Currently the focus of research in industria... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fialka | In cryptography, Fialka (M-125) is the name of a Cold War-era Soviet cipher machine. A rotor machine, the device uses 10 rotors, each with 30 contacts along with mechanical pins to control stepping. It also makes use of a punched card mechanism. Fialka means "violet" in Russian. Information regarding the machine was qu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy%20Ludgate | Percy Edwin Ludgate (2 August 1883 – 16 October 1922) was an Irish amateur scientist who designed the second analytical engine (general-purpose Turing-complete computer) in history.
Life
Ludgate was born on 2 August 1883 in Skibbereen, County Cork, to Michael Ludgate and Mary McMahon. In the 1901 census, he is listed... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul%20Milgrom | Paul Robert Milgrom (born April 20, 1948) is an American economist. He is the Shirley and Leonard Ely Professor of Humanities and Sciences at the Stanford University School of Humanities and Sciences, a position he has held since 1987. He is a professor in the Stanford School of Engineering as well and a Senior Fellow ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American%20Regions%20Mathematics%20League | The American Regions Mathematics League (ARML), is an annual, national high school mathematics team competition held simultaneously at four locations in the United States: the University of Iowa, Penn State, University of Nevada, Reno, and the University of Alabama in Huntsville. Past sites have included San Jose Stat... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplicative%20group%20of%20integers%20modulo%20n | In modular arithmetic, the integers coprime (relatively prime) to n from the set of n non-negative integers form a group under multiplication modulo n, called the multiplicative group of integers modulo n. Equivalently, the elements of this group can be thought of as the congruence classes, also known as residues mod... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degree%20%28angle%29 | A degree (in full, a degree of arc, arc degree, or arcdegree), usually denoted by ° (the degree symbol), is a measurement of a plane angle in which one full rotation is 360 degrees.
It is not an SI unit—the SI unit of angular measure is the radian—but it is mentioned in the SI brochure as an accepted unit. Because a f... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fujitsu%20VP2000 | The VP2000 was the second series of vector supercomputers from Fujitsu. Announced in December 1988, they replaced Fujitsu's earlier FACOM VP Model E Series. The VP2000 was succeeded in 1995 by the VPP300, a massively parallel supercomputer with up to 256 vector processors.
The VP2000 was similar in many ways to their ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fujitsu%20VP | The Fujitsu FACOM VP is a series of vector supercomputers designed, manufactured, and marketed by Fujitsu. Announced in July 1982, the FACOM VP were the first of the three initial Japanese commercial supercomputers, followed by the Hitachi HITAC S-810 in August 1982 and the NEC SX-2 in April 1983.
Context in the super... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opacifier | An opacifier is a substance added to a material in order to make the ensuing system opaque. An example of a chemical opacifier is titanium dioxide (TiO2), which is used as an opacifier in paints, in paper, and in plastics. It has very high refraction index (rutile modification 2.7 and anatase modification 2.55) and opt... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evans%20%26%20Sutherland%20ES-1 | The ES-1 was Evans & Sutherland's abortive attempt to enter the supercomputer market. It was aimed at technical and scientific users who would normally buy a machine like a Cray-1 but did not need that level of power or throughput for graphics-heavy workloads. About to be released just as the market was drying up in th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20interactive%20geometry%20software | Interactive geometry software (IGS) or dynamic geometry environments (DGEs) are computer programs which allow one to create and then manipulate geometric constructions, primarily in plane geometry. In most IGS, one starts construction by putting a few points and using them to define new objects such as lines, circles o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elongated%20triangular%20cupola | In geometry, the elongated triangular cupola is one of the Johnson solids (). As the name suggests, it can be constructed by elongating a triangular cupola () by attaching a hexagonal prism to its base.
Formulae
The following formulae for volume and surface area can be used if all faces are regular, with edge length ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyroelongated%20triangular%20cupola | In geometry, the gyroelongated triangular cupola is one of the Johnson solids (J22). It can be constructed by attaching a hexagonal antiprism to the base of a triangular cupola (J3). This is called "gyroelongation", which means that an antiprism is joined to the base of a solid, or between the bases of more than one ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangular%20orthobicupola | In geometry, the triangular orthobicupola is one of the Johnson solids (). As the name suggests, it can be constructed by attaching two triangular cupolas () along their bases. It has an equal number of squares and triangles at each vertex; however, it is not vertex-transitive. It is also called an anticuboctahedron, t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentagonal%20orthocupolarotunda | In geometry, the pentagonal orthocupolarotunda is one of the Johnson solids (). As the name suggests, it can be constructed by joining a pentagonal cupola () and a pentagonal rotunda () along their decagonal bases, matching the pentagonal faces. A 36-degree rotation of one of the halves before the joining yields a pe... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentagonal%20gyrocupolarotunda | In geometry, the pentagonal gyrocupolarotunda is one of the Johnson solids (). Like the pentagonal orthocupolarotunda (), it can be constructed by joining a pentagonal cupola () and a pentagonal rotunda () along their decagonal bases. The difference is that in this solid, the two halves are rotated 36 degrees with res... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elongated%20triangular%20orthobicupola | In geometry, the elongated triangular orthobicupola or cantellated triangular prism is one of the Johnson solids (). As the name suggests, it can be constructed by elongating a triangular orthobicupola () by inserting a hexagonal prism between its two halves. The resulting solid is superficially similar to the rhombic... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elongated%20triangular%20gyrobicupola | In geometry, the elongated triangular gyrobicupola is one of the Johnson solids (). As the name suggests, it can be constructed by elongating a "triangular gyrobicupola," or cuboctahedron, by inserting a hexagonal prism between its two halves, which are congruent triangular cupolae (). Rotating one of the cupolae thro... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyroelongated%20triangular%20bicupola | In geometry, the gyroelongated triangular bicupola is one of the Johnson solids (). As the name suggests, it can be constructed by gyroelongating a triangular bicupola (either triangular orthobicupola, , or the cuboctahedron) by inserting a hexagonal antiprism between its congruent halves.
The gyroelongated triangula... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Return%20receipt | In email, a return receipt is an acknowledgment by the recipient's email client to the sender of receipt of an email message. What acknowledgment, if any, is sent by the recipient to the sender is dependent on the email software of the recipient.
Two notification services are available for email: delivery status notif... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laws%20of%20robotics | Laws of robotics are any set of laws, rules, or principles, which are intended as a fundamental framework to underpin the behavior of robots designed to have a degree of autonomy. Robots of this degree of complexity do not yet exist, but they have been widely anticipated in science fiction, films and are a topic of act... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enriched%20flour | Enriched flour is flour with specific nutrients returned to it that have been lost while being prepared. These restored nutrients include iron and B vitamins (folic acid, riboflavin, niacin, and thiamine). Calcium may also be supplemented. The purpose of enriching flour is to replenish the nutrients in the flour to mat... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CellML | CellML is an XML based markup language for describing mathematical models. Although it could theoretically describe any mathematical model, it was originally created with the Physiome Project in mind, and hence used primarily to describe models relevant to the field of biology. This is reflected in its name CellML, alt... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formal%20proof | In logic and mathematics, a formal proof or derivation is a finite sequence of sentences (called well-formed formulas in the case of a formal language), each of which is an axiom, an assumption, or follows from the preceding sentences in the sequence by a rule of inference. It differs from a natural language argument i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct%20digital%20synthesis | Direct digital synthesis (DDS) is a method employed by frequency synthesizers used for creating arbitrary waveforms from a single, fixed-frequency reference clock. DDS is used in applications such as signal generation, local oscillators in communication systems, function generators, mixers, modulators, sound synthesize... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netgear | Netgear, Inc. is an American computer networking company based in San Jose, California, with offices in about 22 other countries. It produces networking hardware for consumers, businesses, and service providers. The company operates in three business segments: retail, commercial, and as a service provider.
Netgear's p... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bipolar%20coordinates | Bipolar coordinates are a two-dimensional orthogonal coordinate system based on the Apollonian circles. Confusingly, the same term is also sometimes used for two-center bipolar coordinates. There is also a third system, based on two poles (biangular coordinates).
The term "bipolar" is further used on occasion to des... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PC12%20minicomputer | PC12 by Artronix was a minicomputer built with 7400-series TTL technology and ferrite core memory. Computers were manufactured at the Artronix facility in suburban St. Louis, Missouri.
The instruction set architecture was adapted from the LINC, the only significant change was to
expand addressable memory to 4K, which... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamiltonian%20system | A Hamiltonian system is a dynamical system governed by Hamilton's equations. In physics, this dynamical system describes the evolution of a physical system such as a planetary system or an electron in an electromagnetic field. These systems can be studied in both Hamiltonian mechanics and dynamical systems theory.
Ove... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal%20interface%20material | A thermal interface material (often abbreviated as TIM) is any material that is inserted between two components in order to enhance the thermal coupling between them. A common use is heat dissipation, in which the TIM is inserted between a heat-producing device (e.g. an integrated circuit) and a heat-dissipating device... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache%20Flex | Apache Flex, formerly Adobe Flex, is a software development kit (SDK) for the development and deployment of cross-platform rich web applications based on the Adobe Flash platform. Initially developed by Macromedia and then acquired by Adobe Systems, Adobe donated Flex to the Apache Software Foundation in 2011 and it wa... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Downregulation%20and%20upregulation | In biochemistry, in the biological context of organisms' regulation of gene expression and production of gene products, downregulation is the process by which a cell decreases the production and quantities of its cellular components, such as RNA and proteins, in response to an external stimulus. The complementary proce... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolitan%20Area%20Outer%20Underground%20Discharge%20Channel | The is an underground water infrastructure project in Kasukabe, Saitama, Japan. It is the world's largest underground flood water diversion facility, built to mitigate overflowing of the city's major waterways and rivers during rain and typhoon seasons. It is located between Showa and Kasukabe in Saitama prefecture, o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecocomposition | Ecocomposition is a way of looking at literacy using concepts from ecology. It is a postprocess theory of writing instruction that tries to account for factors beyond hierarchically defined goals within social settings; however, it does not dismiss these goals. Rather, it incorporates them within an ecological view tha... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PowerDNS | PowerDNS is a DNS server program, written in C++ and licensed under the GPL. It runs on most Unix derivatives. PowerDNS features a large number of different backends ranging from simple BIND style zonefiles to relational databases and load balancing/failover algorithms. A DNS recursor is provided as a separate program.... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degree%20symbol | The degree symbol or degree sign, , is a glyph or symbol that is used, among other things, to represent degrees of arc (e.g. in geographic coordinate systems), hours (in the medical field), degrees of temperature or alcohol proof. The symbol consists of a small superscript circle.
History
The word degree is equivalent... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norton%20Utilities | Norton Utilities is a utility software suite designed to help analyze, configure, optimize and maintain a computer. The latest version of the original series of Norton Utilities is Norton Utilities 16 for Windows XP/Vista/7/8 was released 26 October 2012.
Peter Norton published the first version for DOS, The Norton Ut... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditional%20convergence | In mathematics, a series or integral is said to be conditionally convergent if it converges, but it does not converge absolutely.
Definition
More precisely, a series of real numbers is said to converge conditionally if
exists (as a finite real number, i.e. not or ), but
A classic example is the alternating harmo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuhn%20poker | Kuhn poker is a simplified form of poker developed by Harold W. Kuhn as a simple model zero-sum two-player imperfect-information game, amenable to a complete game-theoretic analysis. In Kuhn poker, the deck includes only three playing cards, for example a King, Queen, and Jack. One card is dealt to each player, which m... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anomaly-based%20intrusion%20detection%20system | An anomaly-based intrusion detection system, is an intrusion detection system for detecting both network and computer intrusions and misuse by monitoring system activity and classifying it as either normal or anomalous. The classification is based on heuristics or rules, rather than patterns or signatures, and attempts... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/POWER1 | The POWER1 is a multi-chip CPU developed and fabricated by IBM that implemented the POWER instruction set architecture (ISA). It was originally known as the RISC System/6000 CPU or, when in an abbreviated form, the RS/6000 CPU, before introduction of successors required the original name to be replaced with one that us... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penetration%20test | A penetration test, colloquially known as a pentest or ethical hacking, is an authorized simulated cyberattack on a computer system, performed to evaluate the security of the system; this is not to be confused with a vulnerability assessment. The test is performed to identify weaknesses (or vulnerabilities), including ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elongated%20pentagonal%20gyrocupolarotunda | In geometry, the elongated pentagonal gyrocupolarotunda is one of the Johnson solids (). As the name suggests, it can be constructed by elongating a pentagonal gyrocupolarotunda () by inserting a decagonal prism between its halves. Rotating either the pentagonal cupola () or the pentagonal rotunda () through 36 degrees... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elongated%20pentagonal%20orthocupolarotunda | In geometry, the elongated pentagonal orthocupolarotunda is one of the Johnson solids (). As the name suggests, it can be constructed by elongating a pentagonal orthocupolarotunda () by inserting a decagonal prism between its halves. Rotating either the cupola or the rotunda through 36 degrees before inserting the pris... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyroelongated%20pentagonal%20cupolarotunda | In geometry, the gyroelongated pentagonal cupolarotunda is one of the Johnson solids (). As the name suggests, it can be constructed by gyroelongating a pentagonal cupolarotunda ( or ) by inserting a decagonal antiprism between its two halves.
The gyroelongated pentagonal cupolarotunda is one of five Johnson solids wh... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augmented%20truncated%20tetrahedron | In geometry, the augmented truncated tetrahedron is one of the Johnson solids (). It is created by attaching a triangular cupola () to one hexagonal face of a truncated tetrahedron.
External links
Johnson solids |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comodule | In mathematics, a comodule or corepresentation is a concept dual to a module. The definition of a comodule over a coalgebra is formed by dualizing the definition of a module over an associative algebra.
Formal definition
Let K be a field, and C be a coalgebra over K. A (right) comodule over C is a K-vector space M ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midparent | The midparent value is defined as the average of the trait value of father and a scaled version of the mother. This value can be used in the study to analyze the data set without heeding sex effects. Studying quantitative traits in heritability studies may be complicated by sex differences observed for the trait.
Wel... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multivision%20%28television%20technology%29 | MultiVision was one of the earliest implementations of PIP (picture-in-picture) television available for purchase by users, pioneered by engineer George Schnurle III and sold by the San Jose, California-based company Multivision Products Inc.
The original MultiVision model was a box that measured by and was high. I... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superposition%20principle | The superposition principle, also known as superposition property, states that, for all linear systems, the net response caused by two or more stimuli is the sum of the responses that would have been caused by each stimulus individually. So that if input A produces response X and input B produces response Y then input ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Road%20Fighter | is a racing arcade video game developed by Konami and released in 1984, and it was the first racing game from the company. The goal is to reach the finish line within the stages without running out of time, hitting other cars or running out of fuel (which is refilled by hitting a special type of car). The game spawned ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulse%20generator | A pulse generator is either an electronic circuit or a piece of electronic test equipment used to generate rectangular pulses. Pulse generators are used primarily for working with digital circuits; related function generators are used primarily for analog circuits.
Bench pulse generators
Simple bench pulse generators... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Round%20number | A round number is an integer that ends with one or more "0"s (zero-digit) in a given base. So, 590 is rounder than 592, but 590 is less round than 600. In both technical and informal language, a round number is often interpreted to stand for a value or values near to the nominal value expressed. For instance, a round n... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KeyKOS | KeyKOS is a persistent, pure capability-based operating system for the IBM S/370 mainframe computers. It allows emulating the environments of VM, MVS, and Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX). It is a predecessor of the Extremely Reliable Operating System (EROS), and its successor operating systems, CapROS, and ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homotopy%20sphere | In algebraic topology, a branch of mathematics, a homotopy sphere is an n-manifold that is homotopy equivalent to the n-sphere. It thus has the same homotopy groups and the same homology groups as the n-sphere, and so every homotopy sphere is necessarily a homology sphere.
The topological generalized Poincaré conjectu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voigt%20profile | The Voigt profile (named after Woldemar Voigt) is a probability distribution given by a convolution of a Cauchy-Lorentz distribution and a Gaussian distribution. It is often used in analyzing data from spectroscopy or diffraction.
Definition
Without loss of generality, we can consider only centered profiles, which pe... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relational%20operator | In computer science, a relational operator is a programming language construct or operator that tests or defines some kind of relation between two entities. These include numerical equality (e.g., ) and inequalities (e.g., ).
In programming languages that include a distinct boolean data type in their type system, like... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal%20software%20process | The Personal Software Process (PSP) is a structured software development process that is designed to help software engineers better understand and improve their performance by bringing discipline to the way they develop software and tracking their predicted and actual development of the code. It clearly shows developer... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MySQL%20Cluster | MySQL Cluster is a technology providing shared-nothing clustering and auto-sharding for the MySQL database management system. It is designed to provide high availability and high throughput with low latency, while allowing for near linear scalability. MySQL Cluster is implemented through the NDB or NDBCLUSTER storage e... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual%20herbarium | In botany, a virtual herbarium is a herbarium in a digitized form. That is, it concerns a collection of digital images of preserved plants or plant parts. Virtual herbaria often are established to improve availability of specimens to a wider audience. However, there are digital herbaria that are not suitable for intern... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMD%20K8 | The AMD K8 Hammer, also code-named SledgeHammer, is a computer processor microarchitecture designed by AMD as the successor to the AMD K7 Athlon microarchitecture. The K8 was the first implementation of the AMD64 64-bit extension to the x86 instruction set architecture.
Features
Processors
Processors based on the K8... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constructed%20wetland | A constructed wetland is an artificial wetland to treat sewage, greywater, stormwater runoff or industrial wastewater. It may also be designed for land reclamation after mining, or as a mitigation step for natural areas lost to land development. Constructed wetlands are engineered systems that use the natural functions... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Level-set%20method | Level-set methods (LSM) are a conceptual framework for using level sets as a tool for numerical analysis of surfaces and shapes. The advantage of the level-set model is that one can perform numerical computations involving curves and surfaces on a fixed Cartesian grid without having to parameterize these objects (this ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrier%20current | Carrier current transmission, originally called wired wireless, employs guided low-power radio-frequency signals, which are transmitted along electrical conductors. The transmissions are picked up by receivers that are either connected to the conductors, or a short distance from them. Carrier current transmission is us... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Client-side%20prediction | Client-side prediction is a network programming technique used in video games intended to conceal negative effects of high latency connections. The technique attempts to make the player's input feel more instantaneous while governing the player's actions on a remote server.
The process of client-side prediction refers... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gluing%20axiom | In mathematics, the gluing axiom is introduced to define what a sheaf on a topological space must satisfy, given that it is a presheaf, which is by definition a contravariant functor
to a category which initially one takes to be the category of sets. Here is the partial order of open sets of ordered by inclusion ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linearizability | In concurrent programming, an operation (or set of operations) is linearizable if it consists of an ordered list of invocation and response events, that may be extended by adding response events such that:
The extended list can be re-expressed as a sequential history (is serializable).
That sequential history is a ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRAM%20consistency | PRAM consistency (pipelined random access memory) also known as FIFO consistency.
All processes see memory writes from one process in the order they were issued from the process.
Writes from different processes may be seen in a different order on different processes. Only the write order needs to be consistent, thu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atari%20Portfolio | The Atari Portfolio (Atari PC Folio) is an IBM PC-compatible palmtop PC, released by Atari Corporation in June 1989. This makes it the world's first palmtop computer.
History
DIP Research Ltd. based in Guildford, Surrey, UK released a product in the UK called the DIP Pocket PC in 1989. Soon after its release, DIP lice... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Practical%20number | In number theory, a practical number or panarithmic number is a positive integer such that all smaller positive integers can be represented as sums of distinct divisors of . For example, 12 is a practical number because all the numbers from 1 to 11 can be expressed as sums of its divisors 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6: as well as... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oracle%20ZFS | Oracle ZFS is Oracle's proprietary implementation of the ZFS file system and logical volume manager for Oracle Solaris. ZFS is a registered trademark belonging to Oracle.
History
Solaris 10
In update 2 and later, ZFS is part of Sun's own Solaris 10 operating system and is thus available on both SPARC and x86-based sy... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabdology | In 1617 a treatise in Latin titled Rabdologiæ and written by John Napier was published in Edinburgh. Printed three years after his treatise on the discovery of logarithms and in the same year as his death, it describes three devices to aid arithmetic calculations.
The devices themselves don't use logarithms, rather th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stein%20factorization | In algebraic geometry, the Stein factorization, introduced by for the case of complex spaces, states that a proper morphism can be factorized as a composition of a finite mapping and a proper morphism with connected fibers. Roughly speaking, Stein factorization contracts the connected components of the fibers of a ma... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spherical%203-manifold | In mathematics, a spherical 3-manifold M is a 3-manifold of the form
where is a finite subgroup of SO(4) acting freely by rotations on the 3-sphere . All such manifolds are prime, orientable, and closed. Spherical 3-manifolds are sometimes called elliptic 3-manifolds or Clifford-Klein manifolds.
Properties
A spheric... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abramowitz%20and%20Stegun | Abramowitz and Stegun (AS) is the informal name of a 1964 mathematical reference work edited by Milton Abramowitz and Irene Stegun of the United States National Bureau of Standards (NBS), now the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Its full title is Handbook of Mathematical Functions with Formulas, G... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Residual%20block%20termination | In cryptography, residual block termination is a variation of cipher block chaining mode (CBC) that does not require any padding. It does this by effectively changing to cipher feedback mode for one block. The cost is the increased complexity.
Encryption procedure
If the plaintext length N is not a multiple of the blo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ChorusOS | ChorusOS is a microkernel real-time operating system designed as a message passing computing model. ChorusOS began as the Chorus distributed real-time operating system research project at the French Institute for Research in Computer Science and Automation (INRIA) in 1979. During the 1980s, Chorus was one of two earlie... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro%20pitting | Micro pitting is a fatigue failure of the surface of a material commonly seen in rolling bearings and gears.
It is also known as grey staining, micro spalling or frosting.
Pitting and micropitting
The difference between pitting corrosion and micropitting is the size of the pits after surface fatigue. Pits formed by mi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American%20Institute%20of%20Electrical%20Engineers | The American Institute of Electrical Engineers (AIEE) was a United States-based organization of electrical engineers that existed from 1884 through 1962. On January 1, 1963, it merged with the Institute of Radio Engineers (IRE) to form the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).
History
The 1884 fo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elevator%20algorithm | The elevator algorithm, or SCAN, is a disk-scheduling algorithm to determine the motion of the disk's arm and head in servicing read and write requests.
This algorithm is named after the behavior of a building elevator, where the elevator continues to travel in its current direction (up or down) until empty, stopping ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biquaternion | In abstract algebra, the biquaternions are the numbers , where , and are complex numbers, or variants thereof, and the elements of multiply as in the quaternion group and commute with their coefficients. There are three types of biquaternions corresponding to complex numbers and the variations thereof:
Biquaternions... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeller%27s%20congruence | Zeller's congruence is an algorithm devised by Christian Zeller in the 19th century to calculate the day of the week for any Julian or Gregorian calendar date. It can be considered to be based on the conversion between Julian day and the calendar date.
Formula
For the Gregorian calendar, Zeller's congruence is
for t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Location%20arithmetic | Location arithmetic (Latin arithmeticae localis) is the additive (non-positional) binary numeral systems, which John Napier explored as a computation technique in his treatise Rabdology (1617), both symbolically and on a chessboard-like grid.
Napier's terminology, derived from using the positions of counters on the bo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnauba%20wax | Carnauba (; ), also called Brazil wax and palm wax, is a wax of the leaves of the carnauba palm Copernicia prunifera (synonym: Copernicia cerifera), a plant native to and grown only in the northeastern Brazilian states of Ceará, Piauí, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Rio Grande do Norte, Maranhão and Bahia. It is known as the "... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monogastric | A monogastric organism has a simple single-chambered stomach (one stomach). Examples of monogastric herbivores are horses and rabbits. Examples of monogastric omnivores include humans, pigs, hamsters and rats. Furthermore, there are monogastric carnivores such as cats. A monogastric organism is comparable to ruminant o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type%20genus | In biological taxonomy, the type genus is the genus which defines a biological family and the root of the family name.
Zoological nomenclature
According to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, "The name-bearing type of a nominal family-group taxon is a nominal genus called the 'type genus'; the family-g... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code%20Reading | Code Reading () is a 2003 software development book written by Diomidis Spinellis.
The book is directed to programmers who want to improve their code reading abilities.
It discusses specific techniques for reading code written by others and outlines common programming concepts.
The code examples used in the book are t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary%20decomposition | In mathematics, the Lasker–Noether theorem states that every Noetherian ring is a Lasker ring, which means that every ideal can be decomposed as an intersection, called primary decomposition, of finitely many primary ideals (which are related to, but not quite the same as, powers of prime ideals). The theorem was firs... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian%20Atomic%20Energy%20Commission | The Australian Atomic Energy Commission (AAEC) was a statutory body of the Australian government.
It was established in 1952, replacing the Atomic Energy Policy Committee. In 1981 parts of the Commission were split off to become part of CSIRO, the remainder continuing until 1987, when it was replaced by the Australian... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plating | Plating is a finishing process in which a metal is deposited on a surface. Plating has been done for hundreds of years; it is also critical for modern technology. Plating is used to decorate objects, for corrosion inhibition, to improve solderability, to harden, to improve wearability, to reduce friction, to improve pa... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-body%20problem | In physics and classical mechanics, the three-body problem is the problem of taking the initial positions and velocities (or momenta) of three point masses and solving for their subsequent motion according to Newton's laws of motion and Newton's law of universal gravitation. The three-body problem is a special case of ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proximate%20and%20ultimate%20causation | A proximate cause is an event which is closest to, or immediately responsible for causing, some observed result. This exists in contrast to a higher-level ultimate cause (or distal cause) which is usually thought of as the "real" reason something occurred.
The concept is used in many fields of research and analysis, ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stratus%20VOS | Stratus VOS (Virtual Operating System) is a proprietary operating system running on Stratus Technologies fault-tolerant computer systems. VOS is available on Stratus's ftServer and Continuum platforms. VOS customers use it to support high-volume transaction processing applications which require continuous availability.... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shannon%27s%20source%20coding%20theorem | In information theory, Shannon's source coding theorem (or noiseless coding theorem) establishes the statistical limits to possible data compression for data whose source is an independent identically-distributed random variable, and the operational meaning of the Shannon entropy.
Named after Claude Shannon, the sourc... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Linux%20audio%20software | The following is an incomplete list of Linux audio software.
Audio players
GStreamer-based
Amarok is a free music player for Linux and other Unix-like operating systems. Multiple backends are supported (xine, helix and NMM).
Banshee is a free audio player for Linux which uses the GStreamer multimedia platforms to ... |
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