source
stringlengths
31
203
text
stringlengths
28
2k
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TUGboat
TUGboat (, DOI prefix 10.47397) is a journal published three times per year by the TeX Users Group. It covers a wide range of topics in digital typography relevant to the TeX typesetting system. The editor is Barbara Beeton. See also The PracTeX Journal External links TUGboat home page List of TeX-related publicati...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard%20Mark%20II
The Harvard Mark II, also known as the Aiken Relay Calculator, was an electromechanical computer built under the direction of Howard Aiken at Harvard University, completed in 1947. It was financed by the United States Navy and used for ballistic calculations at Naval Proving Ground Dahlgren. Howard Aiken and Grace Hopp...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard%20Mark%20IV
The Harvard Mark IV was an electronic stored-program computer built by Harvard University under the supervision of Howard Aiken for the United States Air Force. The computer was finished being built in 1952. It stayed at Harvard, where the Air Force used it extensively. The Mark IV was all electronic. The Mark IV use...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futures%20and%20promises
In computer science, future, promise, delay, and deferred refer to constructs used for synchronizing program execution in some concurrent programming languages. They describe an object that acts as a proxy for a result that is initially unknown, usually because the computation of its value is not yet complete. The ter...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helminthology
Helminthology is the study of parasitic worms (helminths). The field studies the taxonomy of helminths and their effects on their hosts. The origin of the first compound of the word is the Greek ἕλμινς - helmins, meaning "worm". In the 18th and early 19th century there was wave of publications on helminthology; this ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/How%20to%20Design%20Programs
How to Design Programs (HtDP) is a textbook by Matthias Felleisen, Robert Bruce Findler, Matthew Flatt, and Shriram Krishnamurthi on the systematic design of computer programs. MIT Press published the first edition in 2001, and the second edition in 2018, which is freely available online and in print. The book introduc...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amplified%20fragment%20length%20polymorphism
AFLP-PCR or just AFLP is a PCR-based tool used in genetics research, DNA fingerprinting, and in the practice of genetic engineering. Developed in the early 1990s by KeyGene, AFLP uses restriction enzymes to digest genomic DNA, followed by ligation of adaptors to the sticky ends of the restriction fragments. A subset of...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GeneXus
GeneXus is a low code, cross-platform, knowledge representation-based development tool, mainly oriented towards enterprise-class applications for web applications, smart devices, and the Microsoft Windows platform. GeneXus uses mostly declarative language to generate native code for multiple environments. It includes ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spaghetti%20sort
Spaghetti sort is a linear-time, analog algorithm for sorting a sequence of items, introduced by A. K. Dewdney in his Scientific American column. This algorithm sorts a sequence of items requiring O(n) stack space in a stable manner. It requires a parallel processor. Algorithm For simplicity, assume we are sorting a l...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xbox%20Linux
Xbox Linux was a project that ported the Linux operating system to the Xbox video game console. Because the Xbox uses a digital signature system to prevent the public from running unsigned code, one must either use a modchip, or a softmod. Originally, modchips were the only option; however, it was later demonstrated th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Right%20to%20Read
The Right to Read is a short story by Richard Stallman, the founder of the Free Software Foundation, which was first published in 1997 in Communications of the ACM. It is a cautionary tale set in the year 2047, when DRM-like technologies are employed to restrict the readership of books; when the sharing of books and wr...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preemption%20%28computing%29
In computing, preemption is the act of temporarily interrupting an executing task, with the intention of resuming it at a later time. This interrupt is done by an external scheduler with no assistance or cooperation from the task. This preemptive scheduler usually runs in the most privileged protection ring, meaning th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honda%20E%20series
The E series was a collection of successive humanoid robots created by the Honda Motor Company between the years of 1986 and 1993. These robots were only experimental, but later evolved into the Honda P series, with Honda eventually amassing the knowledge and experience necessary to create Honda's advanced humanoid rob...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raunki%C3%A6r%20plant%20life-form
The Raunkiær system is a system for categorizing plants using life-form categories, devised by Danish botanist Christen C. Raunkiær and later extended by various authors. History It was first proposed in a talk to the Danish Botanical Society in 1904 as can be inferred from the printed discussion of that talk, but not...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AUO%20Corporation
AUO Corporation (AUO; ) is a Taiwanese company that specialises in optoelectronic solutions. It was formed in September 2001 by the merger of Acer Display Technology, Inc. (the predecessor of AUO, established in 1996) and Unipac Optoelectronics Corporation. AUO offers display panel products and solutions, and in recent...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concurrent%20lines
In geometry, lines in a plane or higher-dimensional space are concurrent if they intersect at a single point. They are in contrast to parallel lines. Examples Triangles In a triangle, four basic types of sets of concurrent lines are altitudes, angle bisectors, medians, and perpendicular bisectors: A triangle's alt...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disk%20Utility
Disk Utility is a system utility for performing disk and disk volume-related tasks on the macOS operating system by Apple Inc. Functions The functions currently supported by Disk Utility include: Creation, conversion, backup, compression, and encryption of logical volume images from a wide range of formats read by Di...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DEC%20Multia
The Multia, later re-branded the Universal Desktop Box, was a line of desktop computers introduced by Digital Equipment Corporation on 7 November 1994. The line is notable in that units were offered with either an Alpha AXP or Intel Pentium processor as the CPU, and most hardware other than the backplane and CPU were ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct%20fluorescent%20antibody
A direct fluorescent antibody (DFA or dFA), also known as "direct immunofluorescence", is an antibody that has been tagged in a direct fluorescent antibody test. Its name derives from the fact that it directly tests the presence of an antigen with the tagged antibody, unlike western blotting, which uses an indirect met...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunomagnetic%20separation
Immunomagnetic separation (IMS) is a laboratory tool that can efficiently isolate cells out of body fluid or cultured cells. It can also be used as a method of quantifying the pathogenicity of food, blood or feces. DNA analysis have supported the combined use of both this technique and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainbow%20Series
The Rainbow Series (sometimes known as the Rainbow Books) is a series of computer security standards and guidelines published by the United States government in the 1980s and 1990s. They were originally published by the U.S. Department of Defense Computer Security Center, and then by the National Computer Security Cent...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface%20power%20density
In physics and engineering, surface power density is power per unit area. Applications The intensity of electromagnetic radiation can be expressed in W/m2. An example of such a quantity is the solar constant. Wind turbines are often compared using a specific power measuring watts per square meter of turbine disk are...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power%20density
Power density is the amount of power (time rate of energy transfer) per unit volume. In energy transformers including batteries, fuel cells, motors, power supply units etc., power density refers to a volume, where it is often called volume power density, expressed as W/m3. In reciprocating internal combustion engines...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macro-engineering
In engineering, macro-engineering (alternatively known as mega engineering) is the implementation of large-scale design projects. It can be seen as a branch of civil engineering or structural engineering applied on a large landmass. In particular, macro-engineering is the process of marshaling and managing of resources...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super%20black
Super black is a surface treatment developed at the National Physical Laboratory (NPL) in the United Kingdom. It absorbs approximately 99.6% of visible light at normal incidence, while conventional black paint absorbs about 97.5%. At other angles of incidence, super black is even more effective: at an angle of 45°, it ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Net2Phone
net2phone is a Cloud Communications provider offering cloud based telephony services to businesses worldwide. The company is a subsidiary of IDT Corporation. History net2phone was founded in 1990 by telecom entrepreneur Howard Jonas, the chairman and chief executive officer of net2phone’s parent company, IDT Corporati...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TRADIC
The TRADIC (for TRAnsistor DIgital Computer or TRansistorized Airborne DIgital Computer) was the first transistorized computer in the USA, completed in 1954. The computer was built by Jean Howard Felker of Bell Labs for the United States Air Force while L.C. Brown ("Charlie Brown") was a lead engineer on the project, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finite%20strain%20theory
In continuum mechanics, the finite strain theory—also called large strain theory, or large deformation theory—deals with deformations in which strains and/or rotations are large enough to invalidate assumptions inherent in infinitesimal strain theory. In this case, the undeformed and deformed configurations of the con...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closed-loop%20authentication
Closed-loop authentication, as applied to computer network communication, refers to a mechanism whereby one party verifies the purported identity of another party by requiring them to supply a copy of a token transmitted to the canonical or trusted point of contact for that identity. It is also sometimes used to refer...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sampled%20data%20system
In systems science, a sampled-data system is a control system in which a continuous-time plant is controlled with a digital device. Under periodic sampling, the sampled-data system is time-varying but also periodic; thus, it may be modeled by a simplified discrete-time system obtained by discretizing the plant. Howeve...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lov%C3%A1sz%20local%20lemma
In probability theory, if a large number of events are all independent of one another and each has probability less than 1, then there is a positive (possibly small) probability that none of the events will occur. The Lovász local lemma allows one to relax the independence condition slightly: As long as the events are ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lustre%20%28programming%20language%29
Lustre is a formally defined, declarative, and synchronous dataflow programming language for programming reactive systems. It began as a research project in the early 1980s. A formal presentation of the language can be found in the 1991 Proceedings of the IEEE. In 1993 it progressed to practical, industrial use in a co...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Averest
Averest is a synchronous programming language and set of tools to specify, verify, and implement reactive systems. It includes a compiler for synchronous programs, a symbolic model checker, and a tool for hardware/software synthesis. It can be used to model and verify finite and infinite state systems, at varied abstr...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inspissation
Inspissation is the process of increasing the viscosity of a fluid, or even of causing it to solidify, typically by dehydration or otherwise reducing its content of solvents. The term also has been applied to coagulation by heating of some substances such as albumens, or cooling some such as solutions of gelatin or aga...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test%20harness
In software testing, a test harness is a collection of stubs and drivers configured to assist with the testing of an application or component. It acts as imitation infrastructure for test environments or containers where the full infrastructure is either not available or not desired. Test harnesses allow for the autom...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSON-RPC
JSON-RPC is a remote procedure call protocol encoded in JSON. It is similar to the XML-RPC protocol, defining only a few data types and commands. JSON-RPC allows for notifications (data sent to the server that does not require a response) and for multiple calls to be sent to the server which may be answered asynchronou...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detailed%20balance
The principle of detailed balance can be used in kinetic systems which are decomposed into elementary processes (collisions, or steps, or elementary reactions). It states that at equilibrium, each elementary process is in equilibrium with its reverse process. History The principle of detailed balance was explicitly i...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generic%20filter
In the mathematical field of set theory, a generic filter is a kind of object used in the theory of forcing, a technique used for many purposes, but especially to establish the independence of certain propositions from certain formal theories, such as ZFC. For example, Paul Cohen used forcing to establish that ZFC, if ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical%20plant
Physical plant, mechanical plant or industrial plant (and where context is given, often just plant) refers to the necessary infrastructure used in operation and maintenance of a given facility. The operation of these facilities, or the department of an organization which does so, is called "plant operations" or facilit...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-vector
A two-vector or bivector is a tensor of type and it is the dual of a two-form, meaning that it is a linear functional which maps two-forms to the real numbers (or more generally, to scalars). The tensor product of a pair of vectors is a two-vector. Then, any two-form can be expressed as a linear combination of tenso...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical%20taxonomy
Numerical taxonomy is a classification system in biological systematics which deals with the grouping by numerical methods of taxonomic units based on their character states. It aims to create a taxonomy using numeric algorithms like cluster analysis rather than using subjective evaluation of their properties. The con...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Property%20of%20Baire
A subset of a topological space has the property of Baire (Baire property, named after René-Louis Baire), or is called an almost open set, if it differs from an open set by a meager set; that is, if there is an open set such that is meager (where denotes the symmetric difference). Definitions A subset of a to...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memorex
Memorex Corp. began as a computer tape producer and expanded to become both a consumer media supplier and a major IBM plug compatible peripheral supplier. It was broken up and ceased to exist after 1996 other than as a consumer electronics brand specializing in disk recordable media for CD and DVD drives, flash memory...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sector%20mass%20spectrometer
A sector instrument is a general term for a class of mass spectrometer that uses a static electric (E) or magnetic (B) sector or some combination of the two (separately in space) as a mass analyzer. Popular combinations of these sectors have been the EB, BE (of so-called reverse geometry), three-sector BEB and four-sec...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skype%20Technologies
Skype Technologies S.A.R.L (also known as Skype Software S.A.R.L, Skype Communications S.A.R.L, Skype Inc., and Skype Limited) is a telecommunications company headquartered in Luxembourg City, Luxembourg, whose chief business is the manufacturing and marketing of the video chat and instant messaging computer software p...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koha%20%28software%29
Koha is an open-source integrated library system (ILS), used world-wide by public, school and special libraries. The name comes from a Māori term for a gift or donation. Features Koha is a web-based ILS, with a SQL database (MariaDB or MySQL preferred) back end with cataloguing data stored in MARC and accessible via...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometry%20processing
Geometry processing, or mesh processing, is an area of research that uses concepts from applied mathematics, computer science and engineering to design efficient algorithms for the acquisition, reconstruction, analysis, manipulation, simulation and transmission of complex 3D models. As the name implies, many of the co...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key%20Tronic
Key Tronic Corporation (branded Keytronic) is a technology company founded in 1969. Its core products initially included keyboards, mice and other input devices. KeyTronic currently specializes in PCBA and full product assembly. The company is among the ten largest contract manufacturers providing electronic manufactur...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z2%20%28computer%29
The Z2 was an electromechanical (mechanical and relay-based) digital computer that was completed by Konrad Zuse in 1940. It was an improvement on the Z1 Zuse built in his parents' home, which used the same mechanical memory. In the Z2, he replaced the arithmetic and control logic with 600 electrical relay circuits, wei...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear%20reaction%20analysis
Nuclear reaction analysis (NRA) is a nuclear method of nuclear spectroscopy in materials science to obtain concentration vs. depth distributions for certain target chemical elements in a solid thin film. Mechanism of NRA If irradiated with select projectile nuclei at kinetic energies Ekin, target solid thin-film chemi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labyrinth%3A%20The%20Computer%20Game
Labyrinth: The Computer Game is a 1986 graphic adventure game developed by Lucasfilm Games and published by Activision. Based on the fantasy film Labyrinth, it tasks the player with navigating a maze while solving puzzles and evading dangers. The player's goal is to find and defeat the main antagonist, Jareth, within 1...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Term%20algebra
In universal algebra and mathematical logic, a term algebra is a freely generated algebraic structure over a given signature. For example, in a signature consisting of a single binary operation, the term algebra over a set X of variables is exactly the free magma generated by X. Other synonyms for the notion include ab...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ap%C3%A9ry%27s%20constant
In mathematics, Apéry's constant is the sum of the reciprocals of the positive cubes. That is, it is defined as the number where is the Riemann zeta function. It has an approximate value of . The constant is named after Roger Apéry. It arises naturally in a number of physical problems, including in the second-...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Native%20capacity
In computing, Native capacity refers to the uncompressed storage capacity of any medium that is usually spoken of in compressed sizes. For example, tape cartridges are rated in compressed capacity, which usually assumes 2:1 compression ratio over the native capacity. References Computer storage media
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear%20amplifier
A linear amplifier is an electronic circuit whose output is proportional to its input, but capable of delivering more power into a load. The term usually refers to a type of radio-frequency (RF) power amplifier, some of which have output power measured in kilowatts, and are used in amateur radio. Other types of linear ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circular%20symmetry
In geometry, circular symmetry is a type of continuous symmetry for a planar object that can be rotated by any arbitrary angle and map onto itself. Rotational circular symmetry is isomorphic with the circle group in the complex plane, or the special orthogonal group SO(2), and unitary group U(1). Reflective circular ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solenoid%20%28mathematics%29
This page discusses a class of topological groups. For the wrapped loop of wire, see Solenoid. In mathematics, a solenoid is a compact connected topological space (i.e. a continuum) that may be obtained as the inverse limit of an inverse system of topological groups and continuous homomorphisms where each is a circl...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/STN%20display
A super-twisted nematic (STN) display is a type of monochrome passive-matrix liquid crystal display (LCD). History This type of LCD was first patented by C. M. Waters and E. P. Raynes in 1982 whilst work was also conducted at the Brown Boveri Research Center, Baden, Switzerland, in 1983. For years a better scheme fo...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse%20video
Reverse video (or invert video or inverse video or reverse screen) is a computer display technique whereby the background and text color values are inverted. On older computers, displays were usually designed to display text on a black background by default. For emphasis, the color scheme was swapped to bright backgrou...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystallographic%20restriction%20theorem
The crystallographic restriction theorem in its basic form was based on the observation that the rotational symmetries of a crystal are usually limited to 2-fold, 3-fold, 4-fold, and 6-fold. However, quasicrystals can occur with other diffraction pattern symmetries, such as 5-fold; these were not discovered until 1982 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gecos%20field
The gecos field, or GECOS field is a field in each record in the /etc/passwd file on Unix and similar operating systems. On UNIX, it is the 5th of 7 fields in a record. It is typically used to record general information about the account or its user(s) such as their real name and phone number. Format The typical form...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymersome
In biotechnology, polymersomes are a class of artificial vesicles, tiny hollow spheres that enclose a solution. Polymersomes are made using amphiphilic synthetic block copolymers to form the vesicle membrane, and have radii ranging from 50 nm to 5 µm or more. Most reported polymersomes contain an aqueous solution in th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blum%20integer
In mathematics, a natural number n is a Blum integer if is a semiprime for which p and q are distinct prime numbers congruent to 3 mod 4. That is, p and q must be of the form , for some integer t. Integers of this form are referred to as Blum primes. This means that the factors of a Blum integer are Gaussian primes wi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental%20poker
Mental poker is the common name for a set of cryptographic problems that concerns playing a fair game over distance without the need for a trusted third party. The term is also applied to the theories surrounding these problems and their possible solutions. The name comes from the card game poker which is one of the ga...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veritas%20Volume%20Manager
The Veritas Volume Manager (VVM or VxVM) is a proprietary logical volume manager from Veritas (which was part of Symantec until January 2016). Details It is available for Windows, AIX, Solaris, Linux, and HP-UX. A modified version is bundled with HP-UX as its built-in volume manager. It offers volume management and Mu...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proofs%20involving%20the%20addition%20of%20natural%20numbers
This article contains mathematical proofs for some properties of addition of the natural numbers: the additive identity, commutativity, and associativity. These proofs are used in the article Addition of natural numbers. Definitions This article will use the Peano axioms for the definition of natural numbers. With the...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Check%20Point
Check Point is an American-Israeli multinational provider of software and combined hardware and software products for IT security, including network security, endpoint security, cloud security, mobile security, data security and security management. , the company has approximately 6,000 employees worldwide. Headquarte...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calspan
Calspan Corporation is a science and technology company founded in 1943 as part of the Research Laboratory of the Curtiss-Wright Airplane Division at Buffalo, New York. Calspan consists of four primary operating units: Flight Research, Transportation Research, Aerospace Sciences Transonic Wind Tunnel, and Crash Investi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudder%20ratio
Rudder ratio refers to a value that is monitored by the computerized flight control systems in modern aircraft. The ratio relates the aircraft airspeed to the rudder deflection setting that is in effect at the time. As an aircraft accelerates, the deflection of the rudder needs to be reduced proportionately within the...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooperative%20board%20game
Cooperative board games are board games in which players work together to achieve a common goal rather than competing against each other. Either the players win the game by reaching a pre-determined objective, or all players lose the game, often by not reaching the objective before a certain event ends the game. Defin...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cycles%20and%20fixed%20points
In mathematics, the cycles of a permutation of a finite set S correspond bijectively to the orbits of the subgroup generated by acting on S. These orbits are subsets of S that can be written as , such that for , and . The corresponding cycle of is written as ( c1 c2 ... cn ); this expression is not unique since ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electroceramics
Electroceramics are a class of ceramic materials used primarily for their electrical properties. While ceramics have traditionally been admired and used for their mechanical, thermal and chemical stability, their unique electrical, optical and magnetic properties have become of increasing importance in many key techno...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid%20solution
A solid solution, a term popularly used for metals, is a homogeneous mixture of two different kinds of atoms in solid state and having a single crystal structure. Many examples can be found in metallurgy, geology, and solid-state chemistry. The word "solution" is used to describe the intimate mixing of components at th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw%20Radziszowski
Stanisław P. Radziszowski (born June 7, 1953) is a Polish-American mathematician and computer scientist, best known for his work in Ramsey theory. Radziszowski was born in Gdańsk, Poland, and received his PhD from the Institute of Informatics of the University of Warsaw in 1980. His thesis topic was "Logic and Comple...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantronics%20Colorplus
The Plantronics Colorplus is a graphics card for IBM PC computers, first sold in 1982. It is a superset of the then-current CGA standard, using the same monitor standard (4-bit digital TTL RGBI monitor) and providing the same pixel resolutions. It was produced by Frederick Electronics (of Frederick, Maryland), a subsi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American%20Coalition%20for%20Clean%20Coal%20Electricity
The American Coalition for Clean Coal Electricity (ACCCE, formerly ABEC or Americans for Balanced Energy Choices) is a U.S. non-profit advocacy group representing major American coal producers, utility companies and railroads. The organization seeks to influence public opinion and legislation in favor of coal-generated...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SPARCstation
The SPARCstation, SPARCserver and SPARCcenter product lines are a series of SPARC-based computer workstations and servers in desktop, desk side (pedestal) and rack-based form factor configurations, that were developed and sold by Sun Microsystems. The first SPARCstation was the SPARCstation 1 (also known as the Sun 4/...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somos%27%20quadratic%20recurrence%20constant
In mathematics, Somos' quadratic recurrence constant, named after Michael Somos, is the number This can be easily re-written into the far more quickly converging product representation which can then be compactly represented in infinite product form by: The constant σ arises when studying the asymptotic behaviour o...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digi%20International
Digi International is an American Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) technology company with headquarters based in Hopkins, Minnesota. The company was founded in 1985 and went public as Digi International in 1989. The company initially offered intelligent ISA/PCI boards (the 'DigiBoard') with multiple asynchronous se...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strong%20cryptography
Strong cryptography or cryptographically strong are general terms used to designate the cryptographic algorithms that, when used correctly, provide a very high (usually unsurmountable) level of protection against any eavesdropper, including the government agencies. There is no precise definition of the boundary line b...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatial%20capacity
Spatial capacity is an indicator of "data intensity" in a transmission medium. It is usually used in conjunction with wireless transport mechanisms. This is analogous to the way that lumens per square meter determine illumination intensity. Spatial capacity focuses not only on bit rates for data transfer but on bit ra...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitrate%20peeling
Bitrate peeling is a technique used in Ogg Vorbis audio encoded streams, wherein a stream can be encoded at one bitrate but can be served at that or any lower bitrate. The purpose is to provide access to the clip for people with slower Internet connections, and yet still allow people with faster connections to enjoy t...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International%20Society%20for%20the%20Interdisciplinary%20Study%20of%20Symmetry
The International Symmetry Society ("International Society for the Interdisciplinary Study of Symmetry"; abbreviated name SIS) is an international non-governmental, non-profit organization registered in Hungary (Budapest, Vármegye u. 7. II. 3., H-1052). Its main objectives are: to bring together artists and scientist...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional%20block%20diagram
A functional block diagram, in systems engineering and software engineering, is a block diagram that describes the functions and interrelationships of a system. The functional block diagram can picture: Functions of a system pictured by blocks input and output elements of a block pictured with lines the relatio...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%20Traps%20and%20Pitfalls
C Traps and Pitfalls is a slim computer programming book by former AT&T Corporation researcher and programmer Andrew Koenig, its first edition still in print in 2017, which outlines the many ways in which beginners and even sometimes quite experienced C programmers can write poor, malfunctioning and dangerous source co...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%BAlio%20C%C3%A9sar%20de%20Mello%20e%20Souza
Júlio César de Mello e Souza (Rio de Janeiro, May 6, 1895 – Recife, June 18, 1974), was a Brazilian writer and mathematics teacher. He was well known in Brazil and abroad for his books on recreational mathematics, most of them published under the pen names of Malba Tahan and Breno de Alencar Bianco. He wrote 69 novels...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1458%20%28number%29
1458 is the integer after 1457 and before 1459. The maximum determinant of an 11 by 11 matrix of zeroes and ones is 1458. 1458 is one of three numbers which, when its base 10 digits are added together, produces a sum which, when multiplied by its reversed self, yields the original number: 1 + 4 + 5 + 8 = 18 18 × 8...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free%20and%20open-source%20graphics%20device%20driver
A free and open-source graphics device driver is a software stack which controls computer-graphics hardware and supports graphics-rendering application programming interfaces (APIs) and is released under a free and open-source software license. Graphics device drivers are written for specific hardware to work within a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Springbok%20Radio
Springbok Radio (spelled Springbokradio in Afrikaans, ) was a South African nationwide radio station that operated from 1950 to 1986. History SABC's decision in December 1945 to develop a commercial service was constrained by post-war financial issues. After almost five years of investigation and after consulting Lord...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brocade%20Communications%20Systems
Brocade was an American technology company specializing in storage networking products, now a subsidiary of Broadcom Inc. The company is known for its Fibre Channel storage networking products and technology. Prior to the acquisition, the company expanded into adjacent markets including a wide range of IP/Ethernet hard...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outside%20broadcasting
Outside broadcasting (OB) is the electronic field production (EFP) of television or radio programmes (typically to cover television news and sports television events) from a mobile remote broadcast television studio. Professional video camera and microphone signals come into the production truck for processing, record...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoheterotroph
Photoheterotrophs (Gk: photo = light, hetero = (an)other, troph = nourishment) are heterotrophic phototrophs—that is, they are organisms that use light for energy, but cannot use carbon dioxide as their sole carbon source. Consequently, they use organic compounds from the environment to satisfy their carbon requirement...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recursive%20data%20type
In computer programming languages, a recursive data type (also known as a recursively-defined, inductively-defined or inductive data type) is a data type for values that may contain other values of the same type. Data of recursive types are usually viewed as directed graphs. An important application of recursion in co...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langmuir%E2%80%93Blodgett%20film
A Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) film is a nanostructured system formed when Langmuir films—or Langmuir monolayers (LM)—are transferred from the liquid-gas interface to solid supports during the vertical passage of the support through the monolayers. LB films can contain one or more monolayers of an organic material, deposited...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network%20redirector
In DOS and Windows, a network redirector, or redirector, is an operating system driver that sends data to and receives data from a remote device. A network redirector provides mechanisms to locate, open, read, write, and delete files and submit print jobs. It provides application services such as named pipes and MailS...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Looking%20Glass%20server
Looking Glass servers (LG servers) are servers on the Internet running one of a variety of publicly available Looking Glass software implementations. They are commonly deployed by autonomous systems (AS) to offer access to their routing infrastructure in order to facilitate debugging network issues. A Looking Glass ser...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadrupole%20ion%20trap
In experimental physics, a quadrupole ion trap or paul trap is a type of ion trap that uses dynamic electric fields to trap charged particles. They are also called radio frequency (RF) traps or Paul traps in honor of Wolfgang Paul, who invented the device and shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1989 for this work. It ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic%20redundancy
Genetic redundancy is a term typically used to describe situations where a given biochemical function is redundantly encoded by two or more genes. In these cases, mutations (or defects) in one of these genes will have a smaller effect on the fitness of the organism than expected from the genes’ function. Characteristic...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stirling%20numbers%20of%20the%20second%20kind
In mathematics, particularly in combinatorics, a Stirling number of the second kind (or Stirling partition number) is the number of ways to partition a set of n objects into k non-empty subsets and is denoted by or . Stirling numbers of the second kind occur in the field of mathematics called combinatorics and the st...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stirling%20numbers%20of%20the%20first%20kind
In mathematics, especially in combinatorics, Stirling numbers of the first kind arise in the study of permutations. In particular, the Stirling numbers of the first kind count permutations according to their number of cycles (counting fixed points as cycles of length one). The Stirling numbers of the first and second...