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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embankment%20%28earthworks%29 | A road, railway line, or canal is normally raised onto an embankment made of compacted soil (typically clay or rock-based) to avoid a change in level required by the terrain, the alternatives being either to have an unacceptable change in level or detour to follow a contour. A cutting is used for the same purpose where... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filled%20Julia%20set | The filled-in Julia set of a polynomial is a Julia set and its interior, non-escaping set
Formal definition
The filled-in Julia set of a polynomial is defined as the set of all points of the dynamical plane that have bounded orbit with respect to
where:
is the set of complex numbers
is the -fold compositi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20features%20removed%20in%20Windows%20Vista | While Windows Vista contains many new features, a number of capabilities and certain programs that were a part of previous Windows versions up to Windows XP were removed or changed – some of which were later re-introduced in Windows 7 and later versions.
The following is a list of features that were present in Windows... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EAN-8 | An EAN-8 is an EAN/UPC symbology barcode and is derived from the longer International Article Number (EAN-13) code. It was introduced for use on small packages where an EAN-13 barcode would be too large; for example on cigarettes, pencils, and chewing gum packets. It is encoded identically to the 12 digits of the UPC-A... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeocyte | Archaeocytes (from Greek archaios "beginning" and kytos "hollow vessel") or amoebocytes are amoeboid cells found in sponges. They are totipotent and have varied functions depending on the species.
The structure of these cells match to that of the stem cells as of containing high cytoplasmic content that helps the cel... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tecaxic-Calixtlahuaca%20head | The Tecaxic-Calixtlahuaca head is a terracotta head, probably originally part of a larger figurine, discovered in 1933 among pre-Columbian or just post-Columbian grave goods in the Tecaxic-Calixtlahuaca zone in the Toluca Valley, approximately 65 kilometers northwest of Mexico City.
Because the head appears to be simi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shop%20drawing | A shop drawing is a drawing or set of drawings produced by the contractor, supplier, manufacturer, subcontractor, consultants, or fabricator. Shop drawings are typically required for prefabricated components. Examples of these include: elevators, structural steel, trusses, pre-cast concrete, windows, appliances, cabin... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmanson%20combinatorial%20conditions | In mathematics, the Kalmanson combinatorial conditions are a set of conditions on the distance matrix used in determining the solvability of the traveling salesman problem. These conditions apply to a special kind of cost matrix, the Kalmanson matrix, and are named after Kenneth Kalmanson.
References
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Combi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thinset | Thinset (also called thinset mortar, thinset cement, dryset mortar, or drybond mortar) is an adhesive mortar made of cement, fine sand and a water-retaining agent such as an alkyl derivative of cellulose. It is usually used to attach tile or stone to surfaces such as cement or concrete. It is particularly popular among... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spherical%20design | A spherical design, part of combinatorial design theory in mathematics, is a finite set of N points on the d-dimensional unit d-sphere Sd such that the average value of any polynomial f of degree t or less on the set equals the average value of f on the whole sphere (that is, the integral of f over Sd divided by the ar... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound-in-Syncs | Sound-in-Syncs is a method of multiplexing sound and video signals into a channel designed to carry video, in which data representing the sound is inserted into the line synchronising pulse of an analogue television waveform. This is used on point-to-point links within broadcasting networks, including studio/transmitte... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability%20matching | Probability matching is a decision strategy in which predictions of class membership are proportional to the class base rates. Thus, if in the training set positive examples are observed 60% of the time, and negative examples are observed 40% of the time, then the observer using a probability-matching strategy will pr... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base%20rate | In probability and statistics, the base rate (also known as prior probabilities) is the class of probabilities unconditional on "featural evidence" (likelihoods).
It is the proportion of individuals in a population who have a certain characteristic or trait. For example, if 1% of the population were medical professio... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informating | Informating is a term coined by Shoshana Zuboff in her book In the Age of the Smart Machine (1988). It is the process that translates descriptions and measurements of activities, events and objects into information. By doing so, these activities become visible to the organization.
Informating has both an empowering an... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rawmill | A raw mill is the equipment used to grind raw materials into "rawmix" during the manufacture of cement. Rawmix is then fed to a cement kiln, which transforms it into clinker, which is then ground to make cement in the cement mill. The raw milling stage of the process effectively defines the chemistry (and therefore p... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Promela | PROMELA (Process or Protocol Meta Language) is a verification modeling language introduced by Gerard J. Holzmann. The language allows for the dynamic creation of concurrent processes to model, for example, distributed systems. In PROMELA models, communication via message channels can be defined to be synchronous (i.e.,... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blackwell%20channel | The Blackwell channel is a deterministic broadcast channel model used in coding theory and information theory. It was first proposed by mathematician David Blackwell. In this model, a transmitter transmits one of three symbols to two receivers. For two of the symbols, both receivers receive exactly what was sent; the t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Map-based%20controller | In the field of control engineering, a map-based controller is a controller whose outputs are based on values derived from a pre-defined lookup table. The inputs to the controller are usually values taken from one or more sensors and are used to index the output values in the lookup table. By effectively placing the tr... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W3C%20Device%20Description%20Working%20Group | The W3C Device Description Working Group (DDWG), operating as part of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Mobile Web Initiative (MWI), was chartered to "foster the provision and access to device descriptions that can be used in support of Web-enabled applications that provide an appropriate user experience on mobile de... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytochrome%20P450%20reductase | Cytochrome P450 reductase (also known as NADPH:ferrihemoprotein oxidoreductase, NADPH:hemoprotein oxidoreductase, NADPH:P450 oxidoreductase, P450 reductase, POR, CPR, CYPOR) is a membrane-bound enzyme required for electron transfer from NADPH to cytochrome P450 and other heme proteins including heme oxygenase in the e... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OWL-S | OWL-S is an ontology built on top of Web Ontology Language (OWL) by the DARPA DAML program.
It replaces the former DAML-S ontology. "OWL-S is an ontology, within the OWL-based framework of the Semantic Web, for describing Semantic Web Services. It will enable users and software agents to automatically discover, invoke... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International%20Journal%20of%20Hydrogen%20Energy | The International Journal of Hydrogen Energy is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of hydrogen energy, including hydrogen generation and storage. It is published by Elsevier and is an official journal of the International Association for Hydrogen Energy. Established in 1976, the journal became mon... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hexamilion%20wall | The Hexamilion wall (, "six-mile wall") was a defensive wall constructed across the Isthmus of Corinth, guarding the only land route onto the Peloponnese peninsula from mainland Greece.
History
Early fortifications
The Hexamilion stands at the most recent end of a long series of attempts to fortify the isthmus stret... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phylogenetic%20comparative%20methods | Phylogenetic comparative methods (PCMs) use information on the historical relationships of lineages (phylogenies) to test evolutionary hypotheses. The comparative method has a long history in evolutionary biology; indeed, Charles Darwin used differences and similarities between species as a major source of evidence in ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A1szl%C3%B3%20Tisza | László Tisza (July 7, 1907 – April 15, 2009) was a Hungarian-born American physicist who was Professor of Physics Emeritus at MIT. He was a colleague of famed physicists Edward Teller, Lev Landau and Fritz London, and initiated the two-fluid theory of liquid helium.
United States
In 1941, Tisza immigrated to the Unite... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BIAS%20Peak | Peak is a digital audio editing application for the Macintosh, used primarily for stereo/mono recording, sample editing, loop creation, and CD mastering. It is commonly used by amateur and professional audio and video editors, mastering engineers, musicians, sound designers, artists, educators, and hobbyists.
It was ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space%20mirror | Can refer to:
Znamya, an orbital space mirror
Space mirror (climate engineering)
Space Mirror Memorial, an astronaut memorial at the Kennedy Space Center |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abel%27s%20summation%20formula | In mathematics, Abel's summation formula, introduced by Niels Henrik Abel, is intensively used in analytic number theory and the study of special functions to compute series.
Formula
Let be a sequence of real or complex numbers. Define the partial sum function by
for any real number . Fix real numbers , and let ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toda%20oscillator | In physics, the Toda oscillator is a special kind of nonlinear oscillator. It represents a chain of particles with exponential potential interaction between neighbors. These concepts are named after Morikazu Toda. The Toda oscillator is used as a simple model to understand the phenomenon of self-pulsation, which is a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM%20Advanced%20Computer%20Systems%20project | The ACS-1 and ACS-360 are two related supercomputers designed by IBM as part of the IBM Advanced Computing Systems project from 1961 to 1969. Although the designs were never finished and no models ever went into production, the project spawned a number of organizational techniques and architectural innovations that ha... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic%20Logic | Plastic Logic Germany develops and manufactures electrophoretic displays (EPD), based on organic thin-film transistor (OTFT) technology, in Dresden, Germany.
Originally a spin-off company from the Cavendish Laboratory at the University of Cambridge, the company was founded in 2000 by Richard Friend, Henning Sirringha... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sz.-Nagy%27s%20dilation%20theorem | The Sz.-Nagy dilation theorem (proved by Béla Szőkefalvi-Nagy) states that every contraction on a Hilbert space has a unitary dilation to a Hilbert space , containing , with
where is the projection from onto .
Moreover, such a dilation is unique (up to unitary equivalence) when one assumes K is minimal, in the se... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuratowski%27s%20free%20set%20theorem | Kuratowski's free set theorem, named after Kazimierz Kuratowski, is a result of set theory, an area of mathematics. It is a result which has been largely forgotten for almost 50 years, but has been applied recently in solving several lattice theory problems, such as the congruence lattice problem.
Denote by the set o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RARS | RARS is an acronym for Robot Auto Racing Simulator. It is an open source 3D racing simulator. RARS is designed to enable pre-programmed AI drivers to race against one another. RARS was used as the base for TORCS. It was used as an example in the book Intelligent Information Processing and Web Mining by Mieczysław Kłopo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palo%20%28OLAP%20database%29 | Palo is a memory resident multidimensional (online analytical processing (OLAP) or multidimensional online analytical processing (MOLAP)) database server and typically used as a business intelligence tool for controlling and budgeting purposes with spreadsheet software acting as the user interface. Beyond the multidime... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clean%20Slate%20Program | The Clean Slate Program was an interdisciplinary research program at Stanford University which considered how the Internet could be redesigned with a "clean slate", without the accumulated complexity of existing systems but using the experience gained in their decades of development.
Its program director was Nick McKeo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refinement%20monoid | In mathematics, a refinement monoid is a commutative monoid M such that for any elements a0, a1, b0, b1 of M such that a0+a1=b0+b1, there are elements c00, c01, c10, c11 of M such that a0=c00+c01, a1=c10+c11, b0=c00+c10, and b1=c01+c11.
A commutative monoid M is said to be conical if x+y=0 implies that x=y=0, for any ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical%20continuation | Numerical continuation is a method of computing approximate solutions of a system of parameterized nonlinear equations,
The parameter is usually a real scalar, and the solution an n-vector. For a fixed parameter value , maps Euclidean n-space into itself.
Often the original mapping is from a Banach space into its... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken%20Ono | Ken Ono (born March 20, 1968) is an American mathematician who specializes in number theory, especially in integer partitions, modular forms, umbral moonshine, the Riemann Hypothesis and the fields of interest to Srinivasa Ramanujan. He is the STEM Advisor to the Provost and the Marvin Rosenblum Professor of Mathemati... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributive%20homomorphism | A congruence θ of a join-semilattice S is monomial, if the θ-equivalence class of any element of S has a largest element. We say that θ is distributive, if it is a join, in the congruence lattice Con S of S, of monomial join-congruences of S.
The following definition originates in Schmidt's 1968 work and was subsequen... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft%20PowerToys | Microsoft PowerToys is a set of freeware system utilities designed for power users developed by Microsoft for use on the Windows operating system. These programs add or change features to maximize productivity or add more customization. PowerToys are available for Windows 95, Windows XP, Windows 10 and Windows 11. The ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supernode%20%28circuit%29 | In circuit theory, a supernode is a theoretical construct that can be used to solve a circuit. This is done by viewing a voltage source on a wire as a point source voltage in relation to other point voltages located at various nodes in the circuit, relative to a ground node assigned a zero or negative charge. A supern... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congruence%20lattice%20problem | In mathematics, the congruence lattice problem asks whether every algebraic distributive lattice is isomorphic to the congruence lattice of some other lattice. The problem was posed by Robert P. Dilworth, and for many years it was one of the most famous and long-standing open problems in lattice theory; it had a deep i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plectron | A Plectron is a specialized VHF/UHF single-channel, emergency alerting radio receiver, used to activate emergency response personnel, and disaster warning systems. Manufactured from the late 1950s, through the late 1990s, by the now defunct Plectron Corporation in Overton, Nebraska, hundreds of thousands of these radio... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ChIP-on-chip | ChIP-on-chip (also known as ChIP-chip) is a technology that combines chromatin immunoprecipitation ('ChIP') with DNA microarray ("chip"). Like regular ChIP, ChIP-on-chip is used to investigate interactions between proteins and DNA in vivo. Specifically, it allows the identification of the cistrome, the sum of binding s... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latticework |
Latticework is an openwork framework consisting of a criss-crossed pattern of strips of building material, typically wood or metal. The design is created by crossing the strips to form a grid or weave.
Latticework may be functional – for example, to allow airflow to or through an area; structural, as a truss in a la... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximal%20semilattice%20quotient | In abstract algebra, a branch of mathematics, a maximal semilattice quotient is a commutative monoid derived from another commutative monoid by making certain elements equivalent to each other.
Every commutative monoid can be endowed with its algebraic preordering ≤ . By definition, x≤ y holds, if there exists z such ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple%20Soap%20Binding%20Profile | Simple Soap Binding Profile (official abbreviation is SSBP) is a specification from the Web Services Interoperability industry consortium. It is intended as a support profile for the WS-I Basic Profile.
This profile defines the way WSDL (Web Services Description Language) documents are to bind operations to a specific... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email%20appending | Email appending, also known as e-appending, is a marketing practice that involves taking known customer data (first name, last name, and postal address) and matching it against a vendor's database to obtain email addresses. The purpose is to grow one's email subscriber list with the intent of sending customers informat... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxbow%20code | In computer programming, oxbow code refers to fragments of program code that were once needed but which are now never used. Such code is typically formed when a program is modified, either when an item is superseded with a newer version but the old version is not removed, or when an item is removed or replaced, but the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banach%27s%20matchbox%20problem | Banach's match problem is a classic problem in probability attributed to Stefan Banach. Feller says that the problem was inspired by a humorous reference to Banach's smoking habit in a speech honouring him by Hugo Steinhaus, but that it was not Banach who set the problem or provided an answer.
Suppose a mathematicia... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgia%20Radio%20Hall%20of%20Fame | The Georgia Radio Museum and Hall of Fame was a non-profit corporation that honored the men and women of radio broadcasting in the U.S. state of Georgia. It was founded in 2007. The museum's LaGrange location closed in August 2020 due to lack of interest. In 2021, the museum's physical collections were relocated to ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell-free%20system | A cell-free system is an in vitro tool widely used to study biological reactions that happen within cells apart from a full cell system, thus reducing the complex interactions typically found when working in a whole cell. Subcellular fractions can be isolated by ultracentrifugation to provide molecular machinery that c... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epiphytic%20fungus | An epiphytic fungus is a fungus that grows upon, or attached to, a living plant. The term epiphytic derives from the Greek epi- (meaning 'upon') and phyton (meaning 'plant').
Examples
Many examples of epiphytic microorganisms exist. The ergoline alkaloids found in Convolvulaceae are produced by a seed-transmitted epi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sterility%20assurance%20level | In microbiology, sterility assurance level (SAL) is the probability that a single unit that has been subjected to sterilization nevertheless remains nonsterile.
It is never possible to prove that all organisms have been destroyed, as the likelihood of survival of an individual microorganism is never zero. So SAL is us... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxi%20script | The Naxi language of southwestern China may be written in the syllabic geba script. There is also a Naxi tradition of pictographic symbols called dongba; this may sometimes be glossed with geba for clarification, since a dongba text may be intelligible only to its author.
A Latin alphabet was developed for Naxi in the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Box%20crib | A box crib or cribbing is a temporary wooden structure used to support heavy objects during construction, relocation, vehicle extrication and urban search and rescue. It is commonly used to secure overturned motor vehicles, and debris within collapsed buildings. Cribbing is often used in conjunction with other stabili... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoelectric%20sensor | A photoelectric sensor is a device used to determine the distance, absence, or presence of an object by using a light transmitter, often infrared, and a photoelectric receiver. They are largely used in industrial manufacturing. There are three different useful types: opposed (through-beam), retro-reflective, and proxi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low%20%28computability%29 | In computability theory, a Turing degree [X] is low if the Turing jump [X′] is 0′. A set is low if it has low degree. Since every set is computable from its jump, any low set is computable in 0′, but the jump of sets computable in 0′ can bound any degree recursively enumerable in 0′ (Schoenfield Jump Inversion). X bei... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High%20%28computability%29 | In computability theory, a Turing degree [X] is high if it is computable in 0, and the Turing jump [] is 0, which is the greatest possible degree in terms of Turing reducibility for the jump of a set which is computable in 0.
Similarly, a degree is high n if its n'th jump is the (n+1)'st jump of 0. Even more generally... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low%20basis%20theorem | The low basis theorem is one of several basis theorems in computability theory, each of which showing that, given an infinite subtree of the binary tree , it is possible to find an infinite path through the tree with particular computability properties. The low basis theorem, in particular, shows that there must be a p... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depth%20%28ring%20theory%29 | In commutative and homological algebra, depth is an important invariant of rings and modules. Although depth can be defined more generally, the most common case considered is the case of modules over a commutative Noetherian local ring. In this case, the depth of a module is related with its projective dimension by the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disodium%20ribonucleotides | Disodium 5'-ribonucleotides or I+G, E number E635, is a flavor enhancer which is synergistic with glutamates in creating the taste of umami. It is a mixture of disodium inosinate (IMP) and disodium guanylate (GMP) and is often used where a food already contains natural glutamates (as in meat extract) or added monosodiu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy%20Saving%20Trust | Energy Saving Trust is a British organization devoted to promoting energy efficiency, energy conservation, and the sustainable use of energy, thereby reducing carbon dioxide emissions and helping to prevent man-made climate change. It was founded in the United Kingdom as a government-sponsored initiative in 1992, follo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisulfite%20sequencing | Bisulfite sequencing (also known as bisulphite sequencing) is the use of bisulfite treatment of DNA before routine sequencing to determine the pattern of methylation. DNA methylation was the first discovered epigenetic mark, and remains the most studied. In animals it predominantly involves the addition of a methyl gro... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fra%C5%88kov%C3%A1%E2%80%93Helly%20selection%20theorem | In mathematics, the Fraňková–Helly selection theorem is a generalisation of Helly's selection theorem for functions of bounded variation to the case of regulated functions. It was proved in 1991 by the Czech mathematician Dana Fraňková.
Background
Let X be a separable Hilbert space, and let BV([0, T]; X) denote the n... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Field%20dominance | In video engineering, field dominance refers to the choice of which field of an interlaced video signal is chosen as the point at which video edits or switches occur.
There are two main choices for field dominance: odd or even. With odd field dominance the edit or switch occurs at the start of the odd field. With even... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euler%20summation | In the mathematics of convergent and divergent series, Euler summation is a summation method. That is, it is a method for assigning a value to a series, different from the conventional method of taking limits of partial sums. Given a series Σan, if its Euler transform converges to a sum, then that sum is called the Eul... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wait%20%28system%20call%29 | In computer operating systems, a process (or task) may wait for another process to complete its execution. In most systems, a parent process can create an independently executing child process. The parent process may then issue a wait system call, which suspends the execution of the parent process while the child execu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hazardous%20Inflight%20Weather%20Advisory%20Service | Hazardous Inflight Weather Advisory Service (HIWAS) was a continuous broadcast of hazardous weather information which is transmitted over selected VORs. This hazardous weather includes AIRMETs, SIGMETs, Convective SIGMETs, Center Weather Advisories (CWAs), Severe Alert Weather Watches (AWWs), and urgent PIREPs.
The p... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talaria%20projector | Talaria was the brand name of a large-venue video projector from General Electric introduced in 1983.
Light from a Xenon arc lamp was modulated by a light valve consisting of a rotating glass disc that was continuously re-coated with a viscous oil. An electron beam similar to the one in a cathode ray tube traced a ra... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitterant | A bitterant (or bittering agent) is a chemical that is added to a product to make it smell or taste bitter. Bitterants are commonly used as aversive agents to discourage the inhalation or ingestion of toxic substances.
Examples of use
The addition of a bitterant to ethanol denatures the product.
Bitterants are used in... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple%20API%20for%20Grid%20Applications | The Simple API for Grid Applications (SAGA) is a family of related standards specified by the Open Grid Forum to define an application programming interface (API) for common distributed computing functionality.
Overview
The SAGA specification for distributed computing originally consisted of a single document, GFD.90... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LensCulture | LensCulture is a photography network and online magazine about contemporary photography in art, media, politics, commerce and popular cultures worldwide. It is based in Amsterdam, Netherlands.
LensCulture sponsors international photography awards and grants several times per year, as well as traveling exhibitions of p... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moulton%20plane | In incidence geometry, the Moulton plane is an example of an affine plane in which Desargues's theorem does not hold. It is named after the American astronomer Forest Ray Moulton. The points of the Moulton plane are simply the points in the real plane R2 and the lines are the regular lines as well with the exception th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated%20species%20identification | Automated species identification is a method of making the expertise of taxonomists available to ecologists, parataxonomists and others via digital technology and artificial intelligence. Today, most automated identification systems rely on images depicting the species for the identification. Based on precisely identif... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile%202.0 | Mobile 2.0, refers to a perceived next generation of mobile internet services that leverage the social web, or what some call Web 2.0. The social web includes social networking sites and wikis that emphasize collaboration and sharing amongst users.
Mobile Web 2.0, with an emphasis on the Web, refers to bringing Web 2.... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot%20air%20solder%20leveling | HASL or HAL (for hot air (solder) leveling) is a type of finish used on printed circuit boards (PCBs).
The PCB is typically dipped into a bath of molten solder so that all exposed copper surfaces are covered by solder. Excess solder is removed by passing the PCB between hot air knives.
HASL can be applied with or wit... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rename%20%28relational%20algebra%29 | In relational algebra, a rename is a unary operation written as where:
is a relation
and are attribute names
is an attribute of
The result is identical to except that the attribute in all tuples is renamed to . For an example, consider the following invocation of on an relation and the result of that inv... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nested%20stack%20automaton | In automata theory, a nested stack automaton is a finite automaton that can make use of a stack containing data which can be additional stacks.
Like a stack automaton, a nested stack automaton may step up or down in the stack, and read the current symbol; in addition, it may at any place create a new stack, operate o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis%20Paul | Lewis Paul (died 1759) was the original inventor of roller spinning, the basis of the water frame for spinning cotton in a cotton mill.
Life and work
Lewis Paul was of Huguenot descent. His father was physician to Lord Shaftesbury. He may have begun work on designing a spinning machine for cotton as early as 1729, bu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forward%20measure | In finance, a T-forward measure is a pricing measure absolutely continuous with respect to a risk-neutral measure, but rather than using the money market as numeraire, it uses a bond with maturity T. The use of the forward measure was pioneered by Farshid Jamshidian (1987), and later used as a means of calculating the ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No-wandering-domain%20theorem | In mathematics, the no-wandering-domain theorem is a result on dynamical systems, proven by Dennis Sullivan in 1985.
The theorem states that a rational map f : Ĉ → Ĉ with deg(f) ≥ 2 does not have a wandering domain, where Ĉ denotes the Riemann sphere. More precisely, for every component U in the Fatou set of f, the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaction%20engine | A reaction engine is an engine or motor that produces thrust by expelling reaction mass (reaction propulsion), in accordance with Newton's third law of motion. This law of motion is commonly paraphrased as: "For every action force there is an equal, but opposite, reaction force."
Examples include jet engines, rocket e... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peloton%20%28supercomputer%29 | The Peloton supercomputer purchase is a program at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory intended to provide tera-FLOP computing capability using commodity Scalable Units (SUs). The Peloton RFP defines the system configurations.
Appro was awarded the contract for Peloton which includes the following machines:
Al... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sir%20Cumference | Sir Cumference is a series of children's educational books about math by Cindy Neuschwander and Wayne Geehan.
The books have been studied for their use in mathematics education.
Characters
Most of the characters of the book are named after math terms, such as Sir Cumference (circumference).
Sir Cumference
Sir Cumfer... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacific%20Biodiversity%20Information%20Forum | Pacific Biodiversity Information Forum or PBIF, is a regional, non-governmental, scholarly organization that seeks to provide a multilateral venue to support knowledge transfer and information access in the Pacific Islands.
Establishment
PBIF was established in 2003 under the auspices of the Pacific Science Associatio... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian%20Land%20Surface%20Scheme | The Canadian Land Surface Scheme (CLASS) is a land surface parametrization scheme for use in large scale climate models. It is a state-of-the-art model, using physically based equations to simulate the energy and water balances of vegetation, snow and soil. CLASS is being developed in a research project led by D. Verse... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sporogenesis | Sporogenesis is the production of spores in biology. The term is also used to refer to the process of reproduction via spores. Reproductive spores were found to be formed in eukaryotic organisms, such as plants, algae and fungi, during their normal reproductive life cycle. Dormant spores are formed, for example by cert... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volumetric%20haptic%20display | A volumetric haptic display (VHD) is similar to a (visual) volumetric display, but informs touch instead of vision. A VHD projects a touch-based representation of a surface onto a 3D volumetric space. Users can feel the projected surface(s), usually with their hands. The display is otherwise not detectable, and offers ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microphone%20preamplifier | The term microphone preamplifier can either refer to the electronic circuitry within a microphone, or to a separate device or circuit that the microphone is connected to. In either instance, the purpose of the microphone preamplifier is the same.
A microphone preamplifier is a sound engineering device that prepares a ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet%20Off-Broadway%20Database | The Internet Off-Broadway Database (IOBDB), also formerly known as the Lortel Archives, is an online database that catalogues theatre productions shown off-Broadway.
The IOBDB was funded and developed by the non-profit Lucille Lortel Foundation, named in honor of actress and theatrical producer Lucille Lortel.
See al... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservapedia | Conservapedia ( ) is an English-language, wiki-based, online encyclopedia written from a self-described American conservative and fundamentalist Christian point of view. The website was established in 2006 by American homeschool teacher and attorney Andrew Schlafly, son of the conservative activist Phyllis Schlafly, to... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutrophil%20extracellular%20traps | Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are networks of extracellular fibers, primarily composed of DNA from neutrophils, which bind pathogens. Neutrophils are the immune system's first line of defense against infection and have conventionally been thought to kill invading pathogens through two strategies: engulfment of ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food%20contact%20materials | Food contact materials are materials that are intended to be in contact with food. These can be things that are quite obvious like a glass or a can for soft drinks as well as machinery in a food factory or a coffee machine.
Food contact materials can be constructed from a variety of materials, including plastics, rubb... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World%20Maths%20Day | World Maths Day (World Math Day in American English) is an online international mathematics competition, powered by Mathletics (a learning platform from 3P Learning, the same organisation behind Reading Eggs and Mathseeds). Smaller elements of the wider Mathletics program effectively power the World Maths Day event.
T... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rfam | Rfam is a database containing information about non-coding RNA (ncRNA) families and other structured RNA elements. It is an annotated, open access database originally developed at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute in collaboration with Janelia Farm, and currently hosted at the European Bioinformatics Institute. Rfam... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niven%27s%20constant | In number theory, Niven's constant, named after Ivan Niven, is the largest exponent appearing in the prime factorization of any natural number n "on average". More precisely, if we define H(1) = 1 and H(n) = the largest exponent appearing in the unique prime factorization of a natural number n > 1, then Niven's constan... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combustibility%20and%20flammability | A combustible material is a material that can burn (i.e., sustain a flame) in air under certain conditions. A material is flammable if it ignites easily at ambient temperatures. In other words, a combustible material ignites with some effort and a flammable material catches fire immediately on exposure to flame.
The d... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String%20metric | In mathematics and computer science, a string metric (also known as a string similarity metric or string distance function) is a metric that measures distance ("inverse similarity") between two text strings for approximate string matching or comparison and in fuzzy string searching. A requirement for a string metric (e... |
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