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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software%20walkthrough | In software engineering, a walkthrough or walk-through is a form of software peer review "in which a designer or programmer leads members of the development team and other interested parties through a software product, and the participants ask questions and make comments about possible errors, violation of development ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software%20technical%20review | A software technical review is a form of peer review in which "a team of qualified personnel ... examines the suitability of the software product for its intended use and identifies discrepancies from specifications and standards. Technical reviews may also provide recommendations of alternatives and examination of var... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Agency%20for%20Food%20and%20Drug%20Administration%20and%20Control | The National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) is a Nigerian federal agency under the Federal Ministry of Health that is responsible for regulating and controlling the manufacture, importation, exportation, advertisement, distribution, sale, and use of food, drugs, cosmetics, medical devices,... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile%20dating | Mobile dating services, also known as cell dating, cellular dating, or cell phone dating, allow individuals to chat, flirt, meet, and possibly become romantically involved by means of text messaging, mobile chatting, and the mobile web.
These services allow their users to provide information about themselves in a shor... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Characterization%20%28materials%20science%29 | Characterization, when used in materials science, refers to the broad and general process by which a material's structure and properties are probed and measured. It is a fundamental process in the field of materials science, without which no scientific understanding of engineering materials could be ascertained. The sc... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceiling%20level | In audio equipment the ceiling level, also known as the point of distortion, is the maximum input signal amplitude above which output distortion exceeds an acceptable level.
The Ceiling Level or Ceiling Value is the maximum permissible concentration of a hazardous material in the working environment. This level should ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-shared%20key | In cryptography, a pre-shared key (PSK) is a shared secret which was previously shared between the two parties using some secure channel before it needs to be used.
Key
To build a key from shared secret, the key derivation function is typically used. Such systems almost always use symmetric key cryptographic algorithm... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software%20audit%20review | A software audit review, or software audit, is a type of software review in which one or more auditors who are not members of the software development organization conduct "An independent examination of a software product, software process, or set of software processes to assess compliance with specifications, standard... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substantia%20gelatinosa%20of%20Rolando | The apex of the posterior grey column, one of the three grey columns of the spinal cord, is capped by a V-shaped or crescentic mass of translucent, gelatinous neuroglia, termed the substantia gelatinosa of Rolando (or SGR) (or gelatinous substance of posterior horn of spinal cord), which contains both neuroglia cells, ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tombs%20%26%20Treasure | Tombs & Treasure, known in Japan as , is an adventure game originally developed by Falcom in 1986 for the PC-8801, PC-9801, FM-7, MSX 2 and X1 Japanese computer systems. A Famicom/NES version, released in 1988, was altered to be more story-based, and features new music and role-playing elements; an English-language NES... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talairach%20coordinates | Talairach coordinates, also known as Talairach space, is a 3-dimensional coordinate system (known as an 'atlas') of the human brain, which is used to map the location of brain structures independent from individual differences in the size and overall shape of the brain. It is still common to use Talairach coordinates i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posterior%20commissure | The posterior commissure (also known as the epithalamic commissure) is a rounded band of white fibers crossing the middle line on the dorsal aspect of the rostral end of the cerebral aqueduct. It is important in the bilateral pupillary light reflex. It constitutes part of the epithalamus.
Its fibers acquire their medu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison%20of%20free%20and%20open-source%20software%20licenses | This comparison only covers software licenses which have a linked Wikipedia article for details and which are approved by at least one of the following expert groups: the Free Software Foundation, the Open Source Initiative, the Debian Project and the Fedora Project. For a list of licenses not specifically intended for... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic%20divergence | Genetic divergence is the process in which two or more populations of an ancestral species accumulate independent genetic changes (mutations) through time, often leading to reproductive isolation and continued mutation even after the populations have become reproductively isolated for some period of time, as there isn’... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacant%20niche | The issue of what exactly defines a vacant niche, also known as empty niche, and whether they exist in ecosystems is controversial. The subject is intimately tied into a much broader debate on whether ecosystems can reach equilibrium, where they could theoretically become maximally saturated with species. Given that sa... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree%20moss | Tree moss is a common name for several organisms and may refer to:
Climacium, a genus of mosses which resemble miniature trees
Climacium dendroides, a common species of Climacium
Evernia, a genus of lichens which grow on trees
Usnea, a genus of lichens which grow on trees |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set%20theory%20of%20the%20real%20line | Set theory of the real line is an area of mathematics concerned with the application of set theory to aspects of the real numbers.
For example, one knows that all countable sets of reals are null, i.e. have Lebesgue measure 0; one might therefore ask the least possible size of a set
which is not Lebesgue null. This in... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Undervalued%20stock | An undervalued stock is defined as a stock that is selling at a price significantly below what is assumed to be its intrinsic value. For example, if a stock is selling for $50, but it is worth $100 based on predictable future cash flows, then it is an undervalued stock. The undervalued stock has the intrinsic value bel... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecological%20goods%20and%20services | Ecological goods and services (EG&S) are the economical benefits (goods and services) arising from the ecological functions of ecosystems. Such benefits accrue to all living organisms, including animals and plants, rather than to humans alone. However, there is a growing recognition of the importance to society that ec... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homomorphic%20encryption | Homomorphic encryption is a form of encryption that allows computations to be performed on encrypted data without first having to decrypt it. The resulting computations are left in an encrypted form which, when decrypted, result in an output that is identical to that produced had the operations been performed on the un... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segregate%20%28taxonomy%29 | In taxonomy, a segregate, or a segregate taxon is created when a taxon is split off from another taxon. This other taxon will be better known, usually bigger, and will continue to exist, even after the segregate taxon has been split off. A segregate will be either new or ephemeral: there is a tendency for taxonomists t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noga%20Alon | Noga Alon (; born 1956) is an Israeli mathematician and a professor of mathematics at Princeton University noted for his contributions to combinatorics and theoretical computer science, having authored hundreds of papers.
Education and career
Alon was born in 1956 in Haifa, where he graduated from the Hebrew Reali Sc... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monitor%20filter | A monitor filter is an accessory to the computer display to filter out the light reflected from the smooth glass surface of a CRT or flat panel display. Many also include a ground to dissipate static buildup. A secondary use for monitor filters is privacy as they decrease the viewing angle of a monitor, preventing it f... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pallister%E2%80%93Hall%20syndrome | Pallister–Hall syndrome (PHS) is a rare genetic disorder that affects various body systems. The main features are a non-cancerous mass on the hypothalamus (hypothalamic hamartoma) and extra digits (polydactylism). The prevalence of Pallister-Hall Syndrome is unknown; about 100 cases have been reported in publication.
... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pronunciation%20assessment | Automatic pronunciation assessment is the use of speech recognition to verify the correctness of pronounced speech, as distinguished from manual assessment by an instructor or proctor. Also called speech verification, pronunciation evaluation, and pronunciation scoring, the main application of this technology is comput... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiseat%20configuration | A multiseat, multi-station or multiterminal system is a single computer which supports multiple independent local users at the same time.
A "seat" consists of all hardware devices assigned to a specific workplace at which one user sits at and interacts with the computer. It consists of at least one graphics device (g... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periodic%20point | In mathematics, in the study of iterated functions and dynamical systems, a periodic point of a function is a point which the system returns to after a certain number of function iterations or a certain amount of time.
Iterated functions
Given a mapping from a set into itself,
a point in is called periodic point... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schedule | A schedule or a timetable, as a basic time-management tool, consists of a list of times at which possible tasks, events, or actions are intended to take place, or of a sequence of events in the chronological order in which such things are intended to take place. The process of creating a schedule — deciding how to orde... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temporal%20fascia | The temporal fascia (or deep temporal fascia) is a fascia of the head that covers the temporalis muscle and structures situated superior to the zygomatic arch.
The fascia is attached superiorly at the superior temporal line; inferiorly, it splits into two layers at the superior border of the zygomatic arch - the super... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjugacy%20problem | In abstract algebra, the conjugacy problem for a group G with a given presentation is the decision problem of determining, given two words x and y in G, whether or not they represent conjugate elements of G. That is, the problem is to determine whether there exists an element z of G such that
The conjugacy problem is... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lateral%20grey%20column | The lateral grey column (lateral column, lateral cornu, lateral horn of spinal cord, intermediolateral column) is one of the three grey columns of the spinal cord (which give the shape of a butterfly); the others being the anterior and posterior grey columns. The lateral grey column is primarily involved with activity ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interspecies%20communication | Interspecies communication is communication between different species of animals, plants, or microorganisms.
Mutualism
Cooperative interspecies communication implies sharing and understanding information between two or more species that work towards the benefit of both species (mutualism).
Since the 1970s, primato... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S.%20National%20Vegetation%20Classification | The U.S. National Vegetation Classification (NVC or USNVC) is a scheme for classifying the natural and cultural vegetation communities of the United States. The purpose of this standardized vegetation classification system is to facilitate communication between land managers, scientists, and the public when managing, r... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulic%20seal | A hydraulic seal is a relatively soft, non-metallic ring, captured in a groove or fixed in a combination of rings, forming a seal assembly, to block or separate fluid in reciprocating motion applications. Hydraulic seals are vital in machinery. Their use is critical in providing a way for fluid power to be converted t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticarcinogen | An anticarcinogen (also known as a carcinopreventive agent) is a substance that counteracts the effects of a carcinogen or inhibits the development of cancer. Anticarcinogens are different from anticarcinoma agents (also known as anticancer or anti-neoplastic agents) in that anticarcinoma agents are used to selectivel... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfeilstorch | , ; plural , ) is a stork that gets injured by an arrow while wintering in Africa and returns to Europe with the arrow stuck in its body. As of 2003, about 25 have been documented in Germany.
The first and most famous was a white stork found in 1822 near the German village of Klütz, in the state of Mecklenburg-Vorpo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switched%20capacitor | A switched capacitor (SC) is an electronic circuit that implements a function by moving charges into and out of capacitors when electronic switches are opened and closed. Usually, non-overlapping clock signals are used to control the switches, so that not all switches are closed simultaneously. Filters implemented with... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fairy%20Flag | The Fairy Flag (Scottish Gaelic: Am Bratach Sìth) is an heirloom of the chiefs of Clan MacLeod. It is held in Dunvegan Castle along with other notable heirlooms, such as the Dunvegan Cup and Sir Rory Mor's Horn. The Fairy Flag is known for the numerous traditions of celtic fairies, and magical properties associated wit... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relative%20velocity | The relative velocity (also or ) is the velocity of an object or observer B in the rest frame of another object or observer A.
Classical mechanics
In one dimension (non-relativistic)
We begin with relative motion in the classical, (or non-relativistic, or the Newtonian approximation) that all speeds are much less... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganglion%20impar | The pelvic portion of each sympathetic trunk is situated in front of the sacrum, medial to the anterior sacral foramina. It consists of four or five small sacral ganglia, connected together by interganglionic cords, and continuous above with the abdominal portion. Below, the two pelvic sympathetic trunks converge, and ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aztec%20codex | Aztec codices ( , sing. codex) are Mesoamerican manuscripts made by the pre-Columbian Aztec, and their Nahuatl-speaking descendants during the colonial period in Mexico.
History
Before the start of the Spanish colonization of the Americas, the Mexica and their neighbors in and around the Valley of Mexico relied on pai... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reynolds%20syndrome | Reynolds syndrome is a rare secondary laminopathy, consisting of the combination of primary biliary cirrhosis and progressive systemic sclerosis. In some patients this syndrome has also been associated with Sjögren's syndrome and hemolytic anemia. Typical clinical features include jaundice, elevated blood levels of a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allostasis | Allostasis is the efficient regulation required to prepare the body to satisfy its needs before they arise by budgeting those needed resources such as oxygen, insulin etc., as opposed to homeostasis, in which the goal is a steady state. Allostasis, stability through variation, was proposed by Peter Sterling and Joseph ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ouchterlony%20double%20immunodiffusion | Ouchterlony double immunodiffusion (also known as passive double immunodiffusion) is an immunological technique used in the detection, identification and quantification of antibodies and antigens, such as immunoglobulins and extractable nuclear antigens. The technique is named after Örjan Ouchterlony, the Swedish physi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modifier%20letter%20apostrophe | The modifier letter apostrophe is a letter found in Unicode encoding, used primarily for various glottal sounds.
Encoding
The letter apostrophe is encoded at , which is in the Spacing Modifier Letters Unicode block.
In Unicode code charts it looks identical to the , but this is not true for all fonts. The primary di... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data%20Protection%20API | Data Protection Application Programming Interface (DPAPI) is a simple cryptographic application programming interface available as a built-in component in Windows 2000 and later versions of Microsoft Windows operating systems. In theory, the Data Protection API can enable symmetric encryption of any kind of data; in p... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horizontal%20transmission | Horizontal transmission is the transmission of organisms between biotic and/or abiotic members of an ecosystem that are not in a parent-progeny relationship. This concept has been generalized to include transmissions of infectious agents, symbionts, and cultural traits between humans.
Because the evolutionary fate of... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funiculus%20%28neuroanatomy%29 | A funiculus or column is a small bundle of axons (nerve fibres), enclosed by the perineurium. A small nerve may consist of a single funiculus, but a larger nerve will have several funiculi collected together into larger bundles known as fascicles. Fascicles are bound together in a common membrane, the epineurium.
Fun... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anosmin-1 | Anosmin-1 is a secreted, EM associated glycoprotein found in humans and other organisms responsible for normal development, which is expressed in the brain, spinal cord and kidney. Absence or damage to the protein results in Kallmann syndrome in humans, which is characterized by loss of olfactory bulbs and GnRH secreti... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeoacoustics | Archaeoacoustics is a sub-field of archaeology and acoustics which studies the relationship between people and sound throughout history. It is an interdisciplinary field with methodological contributions from acoustics, archaeology, and computer simulation, and is broadly related to topics within cultural anthropology... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental%20indicator | Environmental indicators are simple measures that tell us what is happening in the environment. Since the environment is very complex, indicators provide a more practical and economical way to track the state of the environment than if we attempted to record every possible variable in the environment. For example, conc... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shepherd%20moon | A shepherd moon, also called a herder moon or watcher moon, is a small natural satellite that clears a gap in planetary-ring material or keeps particles within a ring contained. The name is a result of their limiting the "herd" of the ring particles as a shepherd.
Due to their gravitational effect, they pick up partic... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarski%27s%20axiomatization%20of%20the%20reals | In 1936, Alfred Tarski set out an axiomatization of the real numbers and their arithmetic, consisting of only the 8 axioms shown below and a mere four primitive notions: the set of reals denoted R, a binary total order over R, denoted by the infix operator <, a binary operation of addition over R, denoted by the infix... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen%E2%80%93deuterium%20exchange | Hydrogen–deuterium exchange (also called H–D or H/D exchange) is a chemical reaction in which a covalently bonded hydrogen atom is replaced by a deuterium atom, or vice versa. It can be applied most easily to exchangeable protons and deuterons, where such a transformation occurs in the presence of a suitable deuterium ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foramen%20singulare | The foramen singulare is a foramen in the wall of the internal auditory meatus that gives passage to the branch of the inferior division of the vestibular nerve that innervates the ampulla of the posterior semicircular canal. |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lateral%20vestibular%20nucleus | The lateral vestibular nucleus (Deiters's nucleus) is the continuation upward and lateralward of the principal nucleus, and in it terminate many of the ascending branches of the vestibular nerve.
Structure
It consists of very large multipolar cells whose axons form an important part of the posterior longitudinal bundl... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superior%20vestibular%20nucleus | The superior vestibular nucleus (Bechterew's nucleus) is the dorso-lateral part of the vestibular nucleus and receives collaterals and terminals from the ascending branches of the vestibular nerve.
Sends uncrossed fibers to cranial nerve 3 and 4 via the medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrane%20biology | Membrane biology is the study of the biological and physiochemical characteristics of membranes, with applications in the study of cellular physiology.
Membrane bioelectrical impulses are described by the Hodgkin cycle.
Biophysics
Membrane biophysics is the study of biological membrane structure and function using ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Femoral%20ring | The femoral ring is the opening at the proximal, abdominal end of the femoral canal, and represents the (superiorly directed/oriented) base of the conically-shaped femoral canal. The femoral ring is oval-shaped, with its long diameter being directed transversely and measuring about 1.25 cm. The opening of the femoral r... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeOTFE | FreeOTFE is a discontinued open source computer program for on-the-fly disk encryption (OTFE). On Microsoft Windows, and Windows Mobile (using FreeOTFE4PDA), it can create a virtual drive within a file or partition, to which anything written is automatically encrypted before being stored on a computer's hard or USB dri... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP%20compression | HTTP compression is a capability that can be built into web servers and web clients to improve transfer speed and bandwidth utilization.
HTTP data is compressed before it is sent from the server: compliant browsers will announce what methods are supported to the server before downloading the correct format; browsers t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Femoral%20canal | The femoral canal is the medial (and smallest) compartment of the three compartments of the femoral sheath. It is conical in shape. The femoral canal contains lymphatic vessels, and adipose and loose connective tissue, as well as - sometimes - a deep inguinal lymph node. The function of the femoral canal is to accommod... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20common%20coordinate%20transformations | This is a list of some of the most commonly used coordinate transformations.
2-dimensional
Let be the standard Cartesian coordinates, and the standard polar coordinates.
To Cartesian coordinates
From polar coordinates
From log-polar coordinates
By using complex numbers , the transformation can be written as
Tha... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galvanic%20isolation | Galvanic isolation is a principle of isolating functional sections of electrical systems to prevent current flow; no direct conduction path is permitted.
Energy or information can still be exchanged between the sections by other means, such as capacitive, inductive, radiative, optical, acoustic, or mechanical coupling... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amaranth%20oil | Amaranth oil is extracted from the seeds of two species of the genus Amaranthus — A. cruentus and A. hypochondriacus — that are called, collectively, amaranth grain.
Amaranth oil is a light-to-medium-colored, clear liquid that is pourable at low temperatures. It is a source of fatty acids, with oleic acid, linoleic ac... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben%20oil | Ben oil is pressed from the seeds of the Moringa oleifera, known variously as the horseradish tree, ben oil tree, or drumstick tree. The oil is characterized by an unusually long shelf life and a mild, but pleasant taste. The name of the oil is derived from the presence of behenic acid. The oil's components are:
Seeds... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westlothiana | Westlothiana ("animal from West Lothian") is a genus of reptile-like tetrapod that lived about 338 million years ago during the latest part of the Viséan age of the Carboniferous. Members of the genus bore a superficial resemblance to modern-day lizards. The genus is known from a single species, Westlothiana lizziae. T... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatal%20hook | The palatal hook () is a type of hook diacritic formerly used in the International Phonetic Alphabet to represent palatalized consonants. It is a small, leftwards-facing hook joined to the bottom-right side of a letter, and is distinguished from various other hooks indicating retroflexion, etc. It was withdrawn by the ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeothyris | Archaeothyris is an extinct genus of ophiacodontid synapsid that lived during the Late Carboniferous and is known from Nova Scotia. Dated to 306 million years ago, Archaeothyris, along with a more poorly known synapsid called Echinerpeton, are the oldest undisputed synapsids known. The name means ancient window (Greek)... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unknotting%20problem | In mathematics, the unknotting problem is the problem of algorithmically recognizing the unknot, given some representation of a knot, e.g., a knot diagram. There are several types of unknotting algorithms. A major unresolved challenge is to determine if the problem admits a polynomial time algorithm; that is, whether ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnold%20Walfisz | Arnold Walfisz (2 July 1892 – 29 May 1962) was a Jewish-Polish mathematician working in analytic number theory.
Life
After the Abitur in Warsaw (Poland), Arnold Walfisz studied (1909−14 and 1918−21) in Germany at Munich, Berlin, Heidelberg and Göttingen. Edmund Landau was his doctoral-thesis supervisor at the Univers... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eucalyptus%20oil | Eucalyptus oil is the generic name for distilled oil from the leaf of Eucalyptus, a genus of the plant family Myrtaceae native to Australia and cultivated worldwide. Eucalyptus oil has a history of wide application, as a pharmaceutical, antiseptic, repellent, flavouring, fragrance and industrial uses. The leaves of sel... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constrained%20Shortest%20Path%20First | Constrained Shortest Path First (CSPF) is an extension of shortest path algorithms. The path computed using CSPF is a shortest path fulfilling a set of constraints. It simply means that it runs shortest path algorithm after pruning those links that violate a given set of constraints. A constraint could be minimum bandw... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acta%20Arithmetica | Acta Arithmetica is a scientific journal of mathematics publishing papers on number theory. It was established in 1935 by Salomon Lubelski and Arnold Walfisz. The journal is published by the Institute of Mathematics of the Polish Academy of Sciences. |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulse-per-second%20signal | A pulse per second (PPS or 1PPS) is an electrical signal that has a width of less than one second and a sharply rising or abruptly falling edge that accurately repeats once per second. PPS signals are output by radio beacons, frequency standards, other types of precision oscillators and some GPS receivers. Precision cl... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubble%E2%80%93Reynolds%20law | The Hubble–Reynolds law models the surface brightness of elliptical galaxies as
Where is the surface brightness at radius , is the central brightness, and is the radius at which the surface brightness is diminished by a factor of 1/4. It is asymptotically similar to the De Vaucouleurs' law which is a special case o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraction%20of%20absorbed%20photosynthetically%20active%20radiation | The fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (FAPAR, sometimes also noted fAPAR or fPAR) is the fraction of the incoming solar radiation in the photosynthetically active radiation spectral region that is absorbed by a photosynthetic organism, typically describing the light absorption across an integrate... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal%20cone | In algebraic geometry, the normal cone of a subscheme of a scheme is a scheme analogous to the normal bundle or tubular neighborhood in differential geometry.
Definition
The normal cone or of an embedding , defined by some sheaf of ideals I is defined as the relative Spec
When the embedding i is regular the normal... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winogradsky%20column | The Winogradsky column is a simple device for culturing a large diversity of microorganisms. Invented in the 1880s by Sergei Winogradsky, the device is a column of pond mud and water mixed with a carbon source such as newspaper (containing cellulose), blackened marshmallows or egg-shells (containing calcium carbonate),... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leading%20Edge%20Products | Leading Edge Products, Inc., was a computer manufacturer in the 1980s and the 1990s. It was based in Canton, Massachusetts.
History
Leading Edge was founded in 1980 by Thomas Shane and Michael Shane. At the outset, they were a PC peripherals company selling aftermarket products such as Elephant Memory Systems brand ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coarse%20structure | In the mathematical fields of geometry and topology, a coarse structure on a set X is a collection of subsets of the cartesian product X × X with certain properties which allow the large-scale structure of metric spaces and topological spaces to be defined.
The concern of traditional geometry and topology is with the ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geoglobus | Geoglobus is a hyperthermophilic member of the Archaeoglobaceae within the Euryarchaeota. It consists of two species, the first, G. ahangari, isolated from the Guaymas Basin hydrothermal system located deep within the Gulf of California. As a hyperthermophile, it grows best at a temperature of 88 °C and cannot grow at ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leading%20Edge%20Model%20D | The Leading Edge Model D is an IBM clone first released by Leading Edge Hardware in July 1985. It was initially priced at $1,495 and configured with dual 5.25" floppy drives, 256 KB of RAM, and a monochrome monitor. It was manufactured by South Korean conglomerate Daewoo and distributed by Canton, Massachusetts-based L... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claytonia%20sibirica | Claytonia sibirica, the pink purslane, candy flower, Siberian spring beauty or Siberian miner's lettuce, is a flowering plant in the family Montiaceae, native to the Commander Islands (including Bering Island) of Siberia, and western North America from the Aleutian Islands and coastal Alaska south through Haida Gwaii, ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcytosis | Transcytosis (also known as cytopempsis) is a type of transcellular transport in which various macromolecules are transported across the interior of a cell. Macromolecules are captured in vesicles on one side of the cell, drawn across the cell, and ejected on the other side. Examples of macromolecules transported inclu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supersampling | Supersampling or supersampling anti-aliasing (SSAA) is a spatial anti-aliasing method, i.e. a method used to remove aliasing (jagged and pixelated edges, colloquially known as "jaggies") from images rendered in computer games or other computer programs that generate imagery. Aliasing occurs because unlike real-world ob... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NSA%20Suite%20A%20Cryptography | NSA Suite A Cryptography is NSA cryptography which "contains classified algorithms that will not be released." "Suite A will be used for the protection of some categories of especially sensitive information (a small percentage of the overall national security-related information assurance market)."
Incomplete list of ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otis%20King | Otis Carter Formby King (1876–1944) was an electrical engineer in London who invented and produced a cylindrical slide rule with helical scales, primarily for business uses initially. The product was named Otis King's Patent Calculator, and was manufactured and sold by Carbic Ltd. in London from about 1922 to about 19... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sphenacodontoidea | Sphenacodontoidea is a node-based clade that is defined to include the most recent common ancestor of Sphenacodontidae and Therapsida and its descendants (including mammals). Sphenacodontoids are characterised by a number of synapomorphies concerning proportions of the bones of the skull and the teeth.
The sphenacodon... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hua%27s%20lemma | In mathematics, Hua's lemma, named for Hua Loo-keng, is an estimate for exponential sums.
It states that if P is an integral-valued polynomial of degree k, is a positive real number, and f a real function defined by
then
,
where lies on a polygonal line with vertices |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart%20mine | Smart mine refers to a number of next-generation land mine designs being developed by military forces around the world. Many are designed to self-destruct or self-deactivate at the end of a conflict or a preset period of time. Others are so-called "self-healing" minefields which can detect when a gap in the field has ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary%20of%20ichthyology | This glossary of ichthyology is a list of definitions of terms and concepts used in ichthyology, the study of fishes.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite%20chromosome | Satellite or SAT chromosomes are chromosomes that contain secondary constructs that serve as identification. They are observed in Acrocentric chromosomes. In addition to the centromere, one or more secondary constrictions can be observed in some chromosomes at metaphase. These chromosomes are called satellite chromoso... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltinism | Voltinism is a term used in biology to indicate the number of broods or generations of an organism in a year. The term is most often applied to insects, and is particularly in use in sericulture, where silkworm varieties vary in their voltinism.
Univoltine (monovoltine) – (adjective) referring to organisms having one... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antichamber | Antichamber is a first-person puzzle-platform game created by Australian developer Alexander "Demruth" Bruce. Many of the puzzles are based on phenomena that occur within impossible objects created by the game engine, such as passages that lead the player to different locations depending on which way they face, and str... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La%20petite%20mort | (; "the little death") is an expression that means "the brief loss or weakening of consciousness" and in modern usage refers specifically to "the sensation of post orgasm as likened to death."
The first attested use of the expression in English was in 1572 with the meaning of "fainting fit." It later came to mean "ner... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langmuir%20%28journal%29 | Langmuir is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that was established in 1985 and is published by the American Chemical Society. It is the leading journal focusing on the science and application of systems and materials in which the interface dominates structure and function. Research areas covered include surface and co... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tandy%20Video%20Information%20System | The Tandy Memorex Video Information System (VIS) is an interactive, multimedia CD-ROM player produced by the Tandy Corporation starting in 1992. It is similar in function to the Philips CD-i and Commodore CDTV systems (particularly the CDTV, since both the VIS and CDTV were adaptations of existing computer platforms an... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quasi-triangular%20quasi-Hopf%20algebra | A quasi-triangular quasi-Hopf algebra is a specialized form of a quasi-Hopf algebra defined by the Ukrainian mathematician Vladimir Drinfeld in 1989. It is also a generalized form of a quasi-triangular Hopf algebra.
A quasi-triangular quasi-Hopf algebra is a set where is a quasi-Hopf algebra and known as the R-matr... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OBO%20Foundry | The Open Biological and Biomedical Ontologies (OBO) Foundry is a group of people dedicated to build and maintain ontologies related to the life sciences. The OBO Foundry establishes a set of principles for ontology development for creating a suite of interoperable reference ontologies in the biomedical domain. Current... |
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