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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zodiac%20Man
Sometimes depicted in writings and drawings from ancient classical, medieval, and modern times, the Zodiac Man (Homo Signorum or "Man of Signs") represents a roughly consistent correlation of zodiacal names with body parts. The Zodiac Man appeared most frequently in calendars, devotional Books of Hours, and treatises ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proctodeum
A proctodeum is the back ectodermal part of an alimentary canal. It is created during embryogenesis by a folding of the outer body wall. It will form the lower part of the anal canal, below the pectinate line, which will be lined by stratified squamous non-keratinized (zona hemorrhagica) and stratified squamous keratin...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affective%20forecasting
Affective forecasting (also known as hedonic forecasting, or the hedonic forecasting mechanism) is the prediction of one's affect (emotional state) in the future. As a process that influences preferences, decisions, and behavior, affective forecasting is studied by both psychologists and economists, with broad applicat...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligule
A ligule (from "strap", variant of lingula, from lingua "tongue") is a thin outgrowth at the junction of leaf and leafstalk of many grasses (Poaceae) and sedges. A ligule is also a strap-shaped extension of the corolla, such as that of a ray floret in plants in the daisy family Asteraceae. Poaceae and Cyperaceae The...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passive%20dynamics
Passive dynamics refers to the dynamical behavior of actuators, robots, or organisms when not drawing energy from a supply (e.g., batteries, fuel, ATP). Depending on the application, considering or altering the passive dynamics of a powered system can have drastic effects on performance, particularly energy economy, s...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear%20power%20phase-out
A nuclear power phase-out is the discontinuation of usage of nuclear power for energy production. Often initiated because of concerns about nuclear power, phase-outs usually include shutting down nuclear power plants and looking towards fossil fuels and renewable energy. Three nuclear accidents have influenced the disc...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricci%20decomposition
In the mathematical fields of Riemannian and pseudo-Riemannian geometry, the Ricci decomposition is a way of breaking up the Riemann curvature tensor of a Riemannian or pseudo-Riemannian manifold into pieces with special algebraic properties. This decomposition is of fundamental importance in Riemannian and pseudo-Rie...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/False%20nearest%20neighbor%20algorithm
Within abstract algebra, the false nearest neighbor algorithm is an algorithm for estimating the embedding dimension. The concept was proposed by Kennel et al. (1992). The main idea is to examine how the number of neighbors of a point along a signal trajectory change with increasing embedding dimension. In too low an...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potentiostat
A potentiostat is the electronic hardware required to control a three electrode cell and run most electroanalytical experiments. A Bipotentiostat and polypotentiostat are potentiostats capable of controlling two working electrodes and more than two working electrodes, respectively. The system functions by maintaini...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ponceau%204R
Ponceau 4R (known by more than 100 synonyms, including as C.I. 16255, cochineal red A, C.I. acid red 18, brilliant scarlet 3R, brilliant scarlet 4R, new coccine,) is a synthetic colourant that may be used as a food colouring. It is denoted by E Number E124. Its chemical name is 1-(4-sulfo-1-napthylazo)-2-napthol-6,8-di...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass%20balance
In physics, a mass balance, also called a material balance, is an application of conservation of mass to the analysis of physical systems. By accounting for material entering and leaving a system, mass flows can be identified which might have been unknown, or difficult to measure without this technique. The exact conse...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunoelectrophoresis
Immunoelectrophoresis is a general name for a number of biochemical methods for separation and characterization of proteins based on electrophoresis and reaction with antibodies. All variants of immunoelectrophoresis require immunoglobulins, also known as antibodies, reacting with the proteins to be separated or charac...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pet%20monkey
A pet monkey is a monkey kept as a pet. The practice of keeping monkeys as pets is controversial. Monkeys have often been favorite pets of queens such as Catherine de' Medici and Henrietta Maria, wife of Charles I. Ship's monkeys When the British first began to explore Africa, young monkeys were often captured and ta...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell%20migration
Cell migration is a central process in the development and maintenance of multicellular organisms. Tissue formation during embryonic development, wound healing and immune responses all require the orchestrated movement of cells in particular directions to specific locations. Cells often migrate in response to specific ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TwoOStwo
twoOStwo was a commercial software product developed by Parallels Software Studio (prior to its acquisition by SWsoft). The workstation software consisted of a virtual machine suite for Intel x86-compatible computers which allowed the creation and execution of multiple x86 virtual computers simultaneously. Each virtual...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cockcroft%E2%80%93Walton%20generator
The Cockcroft–Walton (CW) generator, or multiplier, is an electric circuit that generates a high DC voltage from a low-voltage AC or pulsing DC input. It was named after the British and Irish physicists John Douglas Cockcroft and Ernest Thomas Sinton Walton, who in 1932 used this circuit design to power their particle...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows%20Communication%20Foundation
The Windows Communication Foundation (WCF), previously known as Indigo, is a free and open-source runtime and a set of APIs in the .NET Framework for building connected, service-oriented applications. .NET Core 1.0, released 2016, did not support WCF server side code. WCF support was added to the platform with support...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SVISTA
SVISTA (Serenity Virtual Station) is a former commercial virtual machine software product marketed by Serenity Systems International. Windows, OS/2, Linux and FreeBSD hosted versions were available. This product is no longer available nor supported. Description SVISTA was developed under contract with Parallels Softw...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-vibration%20compound
An anti-vibration compound is a temperature-resistant mixture of a liquid with fine particles, which is used to reduce oscillations in calender rolls and to dampen vibrations in fabricated structures like machine beds and housings. Use Vibration may limit the performance of a calender or paper machine. It can have num...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KXVO
KXVO (channel 15) is a television station in Omaha, Nebraska, United States, airing programming from the digital multicast network TBD. It is owned by Mitts Telecasting Company LLC, which maintains a local marketing agreement (LMA) with the Sinclair Broadcast Group, owner of dual Fox/CW affiliate KPTM (channel 42), for...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech%20transmission%20index
Speech Transmission Index (STI) is a measure of speech transmission quality. The absolute measurement of speech intelligibility is a complex science. The STI measures some physical characteristics of a transmission channel (a room, electro-acoustic equipment, telephone line, etc.), and expresses the ability of the chan...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subsolar%20point
The subsolar point on a planet is the point at which its Sun is perceived to be directly overhead (at the zenith); that is, where the Sun's rays strike the planet exactly perpendicular to its surface. It can also mean the point closest to the Sun on an astronomical object, even though the Sun might not be visible. T...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium%20erythorbate
Sodium erythorbate (C6H7NaO6) is a food additive used predominantly in meats, poultry, and soft drinks. Chemically, it is the sodium salt of erythorbic acid. When used in processed meat such as hot dogs and beef sticks, it increases the rate at which nitrite reduces to nitric oxide, thus facilitating a faster cure and...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safe%40Office
Safe@Office is a line of firewall and virtual private network (VPN) appliances developed by SofaWare Technologies, a Check Point company. The Check Point Safe@Office product line is targeted at the small and medium business segment, and includes the 500 and 500W (with Wi-Fi) series of internet security appliance. The ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erd%C5%91s%E2%80%93Straus%20conjecture
The Erdős–Straus conjecture is an unproven statement in number theory. The conjecture is that, for every integer that is 2 or more, there exist positive integers , , and for which In other words, the number can be written as a sum of three positive unit fractions. The conjecture is named after Paul Erdős and Ernst...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossitis
Glossitis can mean soreness of the tongue, or more usually inflammation with depapillation of the dorsal surface of the tongue (loss of the lingual papillae), leaving a smooth and erythematous (reddened) surface, (sometimes specifically termed atrophic glossitis). In a wider sense, glossitis can mean inflammation of th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theorem%20on%20friends%20and%20strangers
The theorem on friends and strangers is a mathematical theorem in an area of mathematics called Ramsey theory. Statement Suppose a party has six people. Consider any two of them. They might be meeting for the first time—in which case we will call them mutual strangers; or they might have met before—in which case we w...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CB%20military%20symbol
Chemical, biological (CB) — and sometimes radiological — warfare agents were assigned what is termed a military symbol by the U.S. military until the American chemical and biological weapons programs were terminated (in 1990 and 1969, respectively). Military symbols applied to the CB agent fill, and not to the entire ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Residual%20gas%20analyzer
A residual gas analyzer (RGA) is a small and usually rugged mass spectrometer, typically designed for process control and contamination monitoring in vacuum systems. When constructed as a quadrupole mass analyzer, there exist two implementations, utilizing either an open ion source (OIS) or a closed ion source (CIS). ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verifiable%20random%20function
In cryptography, a verifiable random function (VRF) is a public-key pseudorandom function that provides proofs that its outputs were calculated correctly. The owner of the secret key can compute the function value as well as an associated proof for any input value. Everyone else, using the proof and the associated publ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrane-introduction%20mass%20spectrometry
Membrane-introduction mass spectrometry (MIMS) is a method of introducing analytes into the mass spectrometer's vacuum chamber via a semi-permeable membrane. Usually a thin, gas-permeable, hydrophobic membrane is used, for example polydimethylsiloxane. Samples can be almost any fluid including water, air or sometimes...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complexor
The word complexor was coined by Marcial Losada derived from the words "complex order", to refer to chaotic attractors that are strange and thus have fractal structure (in contrast to fixed point or limit cycle attractors). Losada claimed that these trajectories reflect the creativity and innovation that characterize ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baxter%20International
Baxter International Inc. is an American multinational healthcare company with headquarters in Deerfield, Illinois. The company primarily focuses on products to treat kidney disease, and other chronic and acute medical conditions. The company had 2017 sales of $10.6 billion, across two businesses: BioScience and Medic...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribrach%20%28instrument%29
A tribrach is an attachment plate used to attach a surveying instrument, for example a theodolite, total station, GNSS antenna or target to a tripod. A tribrach allows the survey instrument to be repeatedly placed in the same position over a surveying marker point with sub-millimetre precision, by loosening and re-tig...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACPI
Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) is an open standard that operating systems can use to discover and configure computer hardware components, to perform power management (e.g. putting unused hardware components to sleep), auto configuration (e.g. Plug and Play and hot swapping), and status monitoring. Fi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass%20flow%20sensor
A mass (air) flow sensor (MAF) is a sensor used to determine the mass flow rate of air entering a fuel-injected internal combustion engine. The air mass information is necessary for the engine control unit (ECU) to balance and deliver the correct fuel mass to the engine. Air changes its density with temperature and pr...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bouillon%20cube
A bouillon cube (Canada and US), stock cube (Australia, Ireland, New Zealand, South Africa and UK), or broth cube (Asia) is dehydrated broth or stock formed into a small cube or other cuboid shape. The most common format is a cube about wide. It is typically made from dehydrated vegetables or meat stock, a small port...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable-frequency%20transformer
A variable-frequency transformer (VFT) is used to transmit electricity between two (asynchronous or synchronous) alternating current frequency domains. The VFT is a relatively recent development. Most asynchronous grid inter-ties use high-voltage direct current converters, while synchronous grid inter-ties are connecte...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preferred%20frame
In theoretical physics, a preferred frame or privileged frame is usually a special hypothetical frame of reference in which the laws of physics might appear to be identifiably different (simpler) from those in other frames. In theories that apply the principle of relativity to inertial motion, physics is the same in a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison%20of%20Unicode%20encodings
This article compares Unicode encodings. Two situations are considered: 8-bit-clean environments (which can be assumed), and environments that forbid use of byte values that have the high bit set. Originally such prohibitions were to allow for links that used only seven data bits, but they remain in some standards and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guidonian%20hand
The Guidonian hand was a mnemonic device used to assist singers in learning to sight-sing. Some form of the device may have been used by Guido of Arezzo, a medieval music theorist who wrote a number of treatises, including one instructing singers in sightreading. The hand occurs in some manuscripts before Guido's time ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MP6
The Rise mP6 was a superpipelined and superscalar microprocessor designed by Rise Technology to compete with the Intel Pentium line. History Rise Technology had spent 5 years developing a x86 compatible microprocessor, and finally introduced it in November 1998 as a low-cost, low-power alternative for the Super Socket...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local%20reference%20frame
In theoretical physics, a local reference frame (local frame) refers to a coordinate system or frame of reference that is only expected to function over a small region or a restricted region of space or spacetime. The term is most often used in the context of the application of local inertial frames to small regions ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaak%20Khalatnikov
Isaak Markovich Khalatnikov (, ; 17 October 1919 – 9 January 2021) was a leading Soviet theoretical physicist who made significant contributions to many areas of theoretical physics, including general relativity, quantum field theory, as well as the theory of quantum liquids. He is well known for his role in developin...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-inertial%20reference%20frame
A non-inertial reference frame (also known as an accelerated reference frame) is a frame of reference that undergoes acceleration with respect to an inertial frame. An accelerometer at rest in a non-inertial frame will, in general, detect a non-zero acceleration. While the laws of motion are the same in all inertial fr...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory%20map
In computer science, a memory map is a structure of data (which usually resides in memory itself) that indicates how memory is laid out. The term "memory map" has different meanings in different contexts. It is the fastest and most flexible cache organization that uses an associative memory. The associative memory stor...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAPHO%20syndrome
SAPHO syndrome includes a variety of inflammatory bone disorders that may be associated with skin changes. These diseases share some clinical, radiologic, and pathologic characteristics. An entity initially known as chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis was first described in 1972. Subsequently, in 1978, several ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fictitious%20play
In game theory, fictitious play is a learning rule first introduced by George W. Brown. In it, each player presumes that the opponents are playing stationary (possibly mixed) strategies. At each round, each player thus best responds to the empirical frequency of play of their opponent. Such a method is of course adeq...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incontinence%20pad
An incontinence pad is a small, impermeable multi-layered sheet with high absorbency that is used in the incontinence and health-care industries as a precaution against fecal or urinary incontinence. It is generally made of cotton if washable, or paper if disposable. Incontinence diapers (or incontinence nappies) are a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spin%20coating
Spin coating is a procedure used to deposit uniform thin films onto flat substrates. Usually a small amount of coating material is applied on the center of the substrate, which is either spinning at low speed or not spinning at all. The substrate is then rotated at speeds up to 10,000 rpm to spread the coating material...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mielie%20meal
Mielie meal, also known as mealie meal or maize meal, is a relatively coarse flour (much coarser than cornflour or cornstarch) made from maize or mealies in Southern Africa, from the Portuguese milho. It is also known by various other indigenous language names depending on the locality or country. It was originally bro...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CASTEP
CASTEP is a shared-source academic and commercial software package which uses density functional theory with a plane wave basis set to calculate the electronic properties of crystalline solids, surfaces, molecules, liquids and amorphous materials from first principles. CASTEP permits geometry optimisation and finite t...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubna%2048K
The Dubna 48K (Дубна 48К) is a Soviet clone of the ZX Spectrum home computer launched in 1991. It was based on an analogue of the Zilog Z80 microprocessor. Its name comes from Dubna, a town near Moscow, where it was produced on the "TENSOR" instrument factory, and "48K" stands for 48 KBs of RAM. Overview According to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar%20conjunction
Solar conjunction generally occurs when a planet or other Solar System object is on the opposite side of the Sun from the Earth. From an Earth reference, the Sun will pass between the Earth and the object. Communication with any spacecraft in solar conjunction will be severely limited due to the Sun's interference on ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybrid%20integrated%20circuit
A hybrid integrated circuit (HIC), hybrid microcircuit, hybrid circuit or simply hybrid is a miniaturized electronic circuit constructed of individual devices, such as semiconductor devices (e.g. transistors, diodes or monolithic ICs) and passive components (e.g. resistors, inductors, transformers, and capacitors), b...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Property%20list
In the macOS, iOS, NeXTSTEP, and GNUstep programming frameworks, property list files are files that store serialized objects. Property list files use the filename extension .plist, and thus are often referred to as p-list files. Property list files are often used to store a user's settings. They are also used to st...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sister%20group
In phylogenetics, a sister group or sister taxon, also called an adelphotaxon, comprises the closest relative(s) of another given unit in an evolutionary tree. Definition The expression is most easily illustrated by a cladogram: Taxon A and taxon B are sister groups to each other. Taxa A and B, together with any oth...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longest%20uncrossed%20knight%27s%20path
The longest uncrossed (or nonintersecting) knight's path is a mathematical problem involving a knight on the standard 8×8 chessboard or, more generally, on a square n×n board. The problem is to find the longest path the knight can take on the given board, such that the path does not intersect itself. A further distinct...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix%20isolation
Matrix isolation is an experimental technique used in chemistry and physics. It generally involves a material being trapped within an unreactive matrix. A host matrix is a continuous solid phase in which guest particles (atoms, molecules, ions, etc.) are embedded. The guest is said to be isolated within the host matrix...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stuck-at%20fault
A stuck-at fault is a particular fault model used by fault simulators and automatic test pattern generation (ATPG) tools to mimic a manufacturing defect within an integrated circuit. Individual signals and pins are assumed to be stuck at Logical '1', '0' and 'X'. For example, an input is tied to a logical 1 state duri...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialed%20Number%20Identification%20Service
Dialed Number Identification Service (DNIS) is a service offered by telecommunications companies to corporate clients which identifies the originally dialed telephone number of an inbound call. The client may use this information for call routing to internal destinations or activation of special call handling. For DNI...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotle%27s%20wheel%20paradox
Aristotle's wheel paradox is a paradox or problem appearing in the pseudo-Aristotelian Greek work Mechanica It states as follows: A wheel is depicted in two-dimensional space as two circles. Its larger, outer circle is tangential to a horizontal surface (e.g. a road that it rolls on), while the smaller, inner one has t...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable%20Energy%20Cyclotron%20Centre
The Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre (VECC) is a research and development unit of the Department of Atomic Energy. The VECC is located in Kolkata, India and performs research in basic and applied nuclear sciences and development of the latest nuclear particle accelerators. It has a collaboration with the European Organ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erythranthe%20guttata
Erythranthe guttata, with the common names seep monkeyflower and common yellow monkeyflower, is a yellow bee-pollinated annual or perennial plant. It was formerly known as Mimulus guttatus. Erythranthe guttata is a model organism for biological studies, and in that context is still referred to as Mimulus guttatus. The...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reserve%20wine
Reserve wine is wine of a higher quality than usual, a wine that has been aged before sale, or both. Traditionally, winemakers would reserve some of their best wine rather than sell it immediately, coining the term. In some countries the use of the term "reserve", "reserva" or "riserva" is regulated, but in many place...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International%20School%20for%20Advanced%20Studies
The International School for Advanced Studies (Italian: Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati; SISSA) is an international, state-supported, post-graduate-education and research institute in Trieste, Italy. SISSA is active in the fields of mathematics, physics and neuroscience, offering both undergraduate a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King%20Pharmaceuticals
King Pharmaceuticals, is a pharmaceutical company, a wholly owned subsidiary of Pfizer based in Bristol, Tennessee. Before being acquired by Pfizer, it was the world's 39th largest pharmaceutical company. On October 12, 2010, King was acquired by Pfizer for $14.25 per share. King produced a wide range of pharmaceutica...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melphalan
Melphalan, sold under the brand name Alkeran among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat multiple myeloma; malignant lymphoma; lymphoblastic and myeloblastic leukemia; childhood neuroblastoma; ovarian cancer; mammary adenocarcinoma; and uveal melanoma. It is taken by mouth or by injection into a vein. Com...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Captan
Captan is a general use pesticide (GUP) that belongs to the phthalimide class of fungicides. It is a white solid, although commercial samples appear yellow or brownish. Applications Although it can be applied on its own, Captan is often added as a component of other pesticide mixtures. It is used to control diseases o...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Focal%20adhesion
In cell biology, focal adhesions (also cell–matrix adhesions or FAs) are large macromolecular assemblies through which mechanical force and regulatory signals are transmitted between the extracellular matrix (ECM) and an interacting cell. More precisely, focal adhesions are the sub-cellular structures that mediate the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical%20geology
Medical geology is an interdisciplinary scientific field studying the relationship between natural geological factors and their effects on human and animal health. The Commission on Geological Sciences for Environmental Planning defines medical geology as "the science dealing with the influence of ordinary environmenta...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podosome
Podosomes are conical, actin-rich structures found on the outer surface of the plasma membrane of animal cells. Their size ranges from approximately 0.5 µm to 2.0 µm in diameter. While usually situated on the periphery of the cellular membrane, these unique structures display a polarized pattern of distribution in migr...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular%20electronic%20transition
In theoretical chemistry, molecular electronic transitions take place when electrons in a molecule are excited from one energy level to a higher energy level. The energy change associated with this transition provides information on the structure of the molecule and determines many of its properties, such as colour. Th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grad%E2%80%93Shafranov%20equation
The Grad–Shafranov equation (H. Grad and H. Rubin (1958); Vitalii Dmitrievich Shafranov (1966)) is the equilibrium equation in ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) for a two dimensional plasma, for example the axisymmetric toroidal plasma in a tokamak. This equation takes the same form as the Hicks equation from fluid dyna...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fungal%20pneumonia
Fungal pneumonia is an infection of the lungs by fungi. It can be caused by either endemic or opportunistic fungi or a combination of both. Case mortality in fungal pneumonias can be as high as 90% in immunocompromised patients, though immunocompetent patients generally respond well to anti-fungal therapy. Signs and s...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hartnup%20disease
Hartnup disease (also known as "pellagra-like dermatosis" and "Hartnup disorder") is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder affecting the absorption of nonpolar amino acids (particularly tryptophan that can be, in turn, converted into serotonin, melatonin, and niacin). Niacin is a precursor to nicotinamide, a necess...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable%20envelope%20return%20path
Variable envelope return path (VERP) is a technique used by some electronic mailing list software to enable automatic detection and removal of undeliverable e-mail addresses. It works by using a different return path (also called "envelope sender") for each recipient of a message. Motivation Any long-lived mailing li...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil%20physics
Soil physics is the study of soil's physical properties and processes. It is applied to management and prediction under natural and managed ecosystems. Soil physics deals with the dynamics of physical soil components and their phases as solids, liquids, and gases. It draws on the principles of physics, physical chemi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supernova%20nucleosynthesis
Supernova nucleosynthesis is the nucleosynthesis of chemical elements in supernova explosions. In sufficiently massive stars, the nucleosynthesis by fusion of lighter elements into heavier ones occurs during sequential hydrostatic burning processes called helium burning, carbon burning, oxygen burning, and silicon bur...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivy%20Valentine
, commonly called , is a character in the Soulcalibur series of video games. Created by Namco's Project Soul division, she first appeared in the original Soulcalibur and its subsequent sequels, later appearing in various merchandise related to the series. She was voiced in Japanese by Yumi Tōma between Soulcalibur and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-Method
The B method is a method of software development based on B, a tool-supported formal method based on an abstract machine notation, used in the development of computer software. Overview B was originally developed in the 1980s by Jean-Raymond Abrial in France and the UK. B is related to the Z notation (also originated ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gingerol
Gingerol ([6]-gingerol) is a phenolic phytochemical compound found in fresh ginger that activates heat receptors on the tongue. It is normally found as a pungent yellow oil in the ginger rhizome, but can also form a low-melting crystalline solid. This chemical compound is found in all members of the Zingiberaceae fami...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Raymond%20Abrial
Jean-Raymond Abrial (born 6 November 1938) is a French computer scientist and inventor of the Z and B formal methods. Abrial was a student at the École Polytechnique (class of 1958). Abrial's 1974 paper Data Semantics laid the foundation for a formal approach to Data Models; although not adopted directly by practitio...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hessian%20%28Web%20service%20protocol%29
Hessian is a binary Web service protocol that makes Web services usable without requiring a large framework, and without learning a new set of protocols . Because it is a binary protocol, it is well-suited to sending binary data without any need to extend the protocol with attachments. Hessian was developed by Caucho ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Approach-avoidance%20conflict
Approach-avoidance conflicts as elements of stress were first introduced by psychologist Kurt Lewin, one of the founders of modern social psychology. Overview Approach-avoidance conflicts occur when there is one goal or event that has both positive and negative effects or characteristics that make the goal appealing a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncalf
A mooncalf (or moon-calf) is a monstrous birth, the abortive fetus of a cow or other farm animal. The term was occasionally applied to an abortive human fetus. The term derives from the once widespread superstition, present in many European folk traditions, that such malformed creatures were the product of the siniste...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep%20reactive-ion%20etching
Deep reactive-ion etching (DRIE) is a highly anisotropic etch process used to create deep penetration, steep-sided holes and trenches in wafers/substrates, typically with high aspect ratios. It was developed for microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), which require these features, but is also used to excavate trenches ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welwitschiaceae
Welwitschiaceae is a family of plants of the order Gnetales with one living species, Welwitschia mirabilis, found in southwestern Africa. Three fossil genera have been recovered from the Crato Formation – late Aptian (Lower Cretaceous) strata located in the Araripe Basin in northeastern Brazil, with one of these also ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formulario%20mathematico
Formulario Mathematico (Latino sine flexione: Formulary for Mathematics) is a book by Giuseppe Peano which expresses fundamental theorems of mathematics in a symbolic language developed by Peano. The author was assisted by Giovanni Vailati, Mario Pieri, Alessandro Padoa, Giovanni Vacca, Vincenzo Vivanti, Gino Fano and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red-eye%20gravy
Red-eye gravy is a thin sauce often seen in the cuisine of the Southern United States and associated with the country ham of that region. Other names for this sauce include poor man's gravy, bird-eye gravy, bottom sop, cedar gravy, and red ham gravy. The gravy is made from the drippings of pan-fried country ham mixed w...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplicial%20manifold
In physics, the term simplicial manifold commonly refers to one of several loosely defined objects, commonly appearing in the study of Regge calculus. These objects combine attributes of a simplex with those of a manifold. There is no standard usage of this term in mathematics, and so the concept can refer to a triang...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extra-low%20voltage
Extra-low voltage (ELV) is an electricity supply voltage and is a part of the Low voltage band in a range which carries a low risk of dangerous electrical shock. There are various standards that define extra-low voltage. The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and the UK IET (BS 7671:2008) define an ELV dev...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Znamenny%20chant
Znamenny Chant () is a singing tradition used by some in the Russian Eastern Orthodox Church. Znamenny Chant is a unison, melismatic liturgical singing that has its own specific notation, called the notation. The symbols used in the notation are called (, 'hooks') or (, 'signs'). Often the names of the signs are us...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenochlaena
Adenochlaena is a genus of plant of the family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1858. It is native to certain islands in the Indian Ocean. Species Adenochlaena leucocephala Baill. - Madagascar, Comoros Adenochlaena zeylanica (Baill.) Thwaites - Sri Lanka formerly included moved to other genera (Cladogyn...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmic%20ray%20spallation
Cosmic ray spallation, also known as the x-process, is a set of naturally occurring nuclear reactions causing nucleosynthesis; it refers to the formation of chemical elements from the impact of cosmic rays on an object. Cosmic rays are highly energetic charged particles from beyond Earth, ranging from protons, alpha pa...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percolation%20test
A percolation test (colloquially called a perc test) is a test to determine the water absorption rate of soil (that is, its capacity for percolation) in preparation for the building of a septic drain field (leach field) or infiltration basin. The results of a percolation test are required to properly design a septic sy...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maemo
Maemo is a software platform originally developed by Nokia, now developed by the community, for smartphones and Internet tablets. The platform comprises both the Maemo operating system and SDK. Maemo played a key role in Nokia's strategy to compete with Apple and Android, and that strategy failed for complex, instituti...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broad%20Institute
The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard (IPA: , pronunciation respelling: ), often referred to as the Broad Institute, is a biomedical and genomic research center located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. The institute is independently governed and supported as a 501(c)(3) nonprofit research ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordstr%C3%B6m%27s%20theory%20of%20gravitation
In theoretical physics, Nordström's theory of gravitation was a predecessor of general relativity. Strictly speaking, there were actually two distinct theories proposed by the Finnish theoretical physicist Gunnar Nordström, in 1912 and 1913 respectively. The first was quickly dismissed, but the second became the firs...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colonisation%20%28biology%29
Colonisation or colonization is the process in biology by which a species spreads to new areas. Colonisation often refers to successful immigration where a population becomes integrated into an ecological community, having resisted initial local extinction. In ecology, it is represented by the symbol λ (lowercase lambd...