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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eggshell | An eggshell is the outer covering of a hard-shelled egg and of some forms of eggs with soft outer coats.
Worm eggs
Nematode eggs present a two layered structure: an external vitellin layer made of chitin that confers mechanical resistance and an internal lipid-rich layer that makes the egg chamber impermeable.
Insec... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-molecule%20experiment | A single-molecule experiment is an experiment that investigates the properties of individual molecules. Single-molecule studies may be contrasted with measurements on an ensemble or bulk collection of molecules, where the individual behavior of molecules cannot be distinguished, and only average characteristics can be... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mostow%20rigidity%20theorem | In mathematics, Mostow's rigidity theorem, or strong rigidity theorem, or Mostow–Prasad rigidity theorem, essentially states that the geometry of a complete, finite-volume hyperbolic manifold of dimension greater than two is determined by the fundamental group and hence unique. The theorem was proven for closed manifo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prentice%20position | The Prentice position is an orientation of a prism, used in optics, optometry and ophthalmology. In this position, named after the optician Charles F. Prentice, the prism is oriented such that light enters it at an angle of 90° to the first surface, so that the beam does not refract at that surface. All the deviation c... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM%20Spectrum%20LSF | IBM Spectrum LSF (LSF, originally Platform Load Sharing Facility) is a workload management platform, job scheduler, for distributed high performance computing (HPC) by IBM.
Details
It can be used to execute batch jobs on networked Unix and Windows systems on many different architectures. LSF was based on the Utopia re... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Association%20of%20Biology%20Teachers | The National Association of Biology Teachers (NABT) is an incorporated association of biology educators in the United States. It was initially founded in response to the poor understanding of biology and the decline in the teaching of the subject in the 1930s. It has grown to become a national representative organisati... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rational%20mapping | In mathematics, in particular the subfield of algebraic geometry, a rational map or rational mapping is a kind of partial function between algebraic varieties. This article uses the convention that varieties are irreducible.
Definition
Formal definition
Formally, a rational map between two varieties is an equivalen... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corpuscular%20theory%20of%20light | In optics, the corpuscular theory of light states that light is made up of small discrete particles called "corpuscles" (little particles) which travel in a straight line with a finite velocity and possess impetus. This was based on an alternate description of atomism of the time period.
Isaac Newton laid the foundati... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HEPnet | HEPnet or the High-Energy Physics Network is a telecommunications network for researchers in high-energy physics. It originated in the United States, but that has spread to most places involved in such research. Well-known sites include Argonne National Laboratory, Brookhaven National Laboratory and Lawrence Berkeley.... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex%20dimension | In mathematics, complex dimension usually refers to the dimension of a complex manifold or a complex algebraic variety. These are spaces in which the local neighborhoods of points (or of non-singular points in the case of a variety) are modeled on a Cartesian product of the form for some , and the complex dimension is... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infraspecific%20name | In botany, an infraspecific name is the scientific name for any taxon below the rank of species, i.e. an infraspecific taxon or infraspecies. A "taxon", plural "taxa", is a group of organisms to be given a particular name. The scientific names of botanical taxa are regulated by the International Code of Nomenclature fo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandwidth%20Broker | RFC 2638 from the IETF defines the entity of the Bandwidth Broker (BB) in the framework of differentiated services (DiffServ). According to RFC 2638, a Bandwidth Broker is an agent that has some knowledge of an organization's priorities and policies and allocates quality of service (QoS) resources with respect to those... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noetherian%20scheme | In algebraic geometry, a noetherian scheme is a scheme that admits a finite covering by open affine subsets , noetherian rings. More generally, a scheme is locally noetherian if it is covered by spectra of noetherian rings. Thus, a scheme is noetherian if and only if it is locally noetherian and quasi-compact. As wit... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naringin | Naringin is a flavanone-7-O-glycoside between the flavanone naringenin and the disaccharide neohesperidose.
The flavonoid naringin occurs naturally in citrus fruits, especially in grapefruit, where naringin is responsible for the fruit's bitter taste.
In commercial grapefruit juice production, the enzyme naringinase ca... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poincar%C3%A9%E2%80%93Bendixson%20theorem | In mathematics, the Poincaré–Bendixson theorem is a statement about the long-term behaviour of orbits of continuous dynamical systems on the plane, cylinder, or two-sphere.
Theorem
Given a differentiable real dynamical system defined on an open subset of the plane, every non-empty compact ω-limit set of an orbit, whic... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BBubro%C5%84 | Żubroń (; ) is a hybrid of domestic cattle and wisent. The wisent (żubr in Polish) is the European bison; hence, the żubroń is analogous to the American beefalo. The name żubroń was officially chosen from hundreds of proposals sent to the Polish weekly magazine Przekrój during a contest organised in 1969.
History
The... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lossy%20data%20conversion | A lossy data conversion method is one where converting data between one storage format and another displays data in a form that is "close enough" to be useful, but may differ in some ways from the original. This type of conversion is used frequently between software packages that rely on different storage techniques. ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microfibril | A microfibril is a very fine fibril, or fiber-like strand, consisting of glycoproteins and cellulose. It is usually, but not always, used as a general term in describing the structure of protein fiber, e.g. hair and sperm tail. Its most frequently observed structural pattern is the 9+2 pattern in which two central prot... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionarily%20significant%20unit | An evolutionarily significant unit (ESU) is a population of organisms that is considered distinct for purposes of conservation. Delineating ESUs is important when considering conservation action.
This term can apply to any species, subspecies, geographic race, or population. Often the term "species" is used rather tha... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reference%20design | Reference design refers to a technical blueprint of a system that is intended for others to copy. It contains the essential elements of the system; however, third parties may enhance or modify the design as required. When discussing computer designs, the concept is generally known as a reference platform.
The main pur... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermatidogenesis | Spermatidogenesis is the creation of spermatids from secondary spermatocytes during spermatogenesis.
Secondary spermatocytes produced earlier rapidly enter meiosis II and divide to produce haploid spermatids.
The brevity of this stage means that secondary spermatocytes are rarely seen in histological preparations. Mo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foot%20plough | The foot plough is a type of plough used like a spade with the foot in order to cultivate the ground.
New Zealand
Before the widespread use of metal farm tools from Europe, the Māori people used the , a version of the foot plough made entirely of wood.
Scotland
Prevalent in northwest Scotland, the Scottish Gaelic lan... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larmor%20precession | In physics, Larmor precession (named after Joseph Larmor) is the precession of the magnetic moment of an object about an external magnetic field. The phenomenon is conceptually similar to the precession of a tilted classical gyroscope in an external torque-exerting gravitational field. Objects with a magnetic moment a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imbibition | Imbibition is a special type of diffusion that takes place when liquid is absorbed by solids-colloids causing an increase in volume. Water surface potential movement takes place along a concentration gradient; some dry materials absorb water. A gradient between the absorbent and the liquid is essential for imbibition. ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio%20pack | A radio pack is mainly used for musicians such as guitarists and singers for live performances. It is a small radio transmitter that is either placed in the strap or in the pocket. The receiver is connected to an amp or PA system and the user simply connects the transmitter into the instrument. By using a wireless syst... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niche%20microdifferentiation | Niche microdifferentiation is the process a species undergoes to reach genetic diversity within that species; it is the process by which an ecotype is created. This process is regulated by various environmental influences whether they be morphological, spatial, and/or temporal. This means that a trait of one organism i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft%20Virtual%20Server | Microsoft Virtual Server was a virtualization solution that facilitated the creation of virtual machines on the Windows XP, Windows Vista and Windows Server 2003 operating systems. Originally developed by Connectix, it was acquired by Microsoft prior to release. Virtual PC is Microsoft's related desktop virtualization ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridge%20tap | Bridged tap or bridge tap is a long-used method of cabling for telephone lines. One cable pair (of wires) will "appear" in several different terminal locations (poles or pedestals). This allows the telephone company to use or "assign" that pair to any subscriber near those terminal locations. Once that customer disconn... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infraparticle | An infraparticle is an electrically charged particle and its surrounding cloud of soft photons—of which there are infinite number, by virtue of the infrared divergence of quantum electrodynamics. That is, it is a dressed particle rather than a bare particle. Whenever electric charges accelerate they emit Bremsstrahlung... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platform%20Computing | Platform Computing was a privately held software company primarily known for its job scheduling product, Load Sharing Facility (LSF). It was founded in 1992 in Toronto, Ontario, Canada and headquartered in Markham, Ontario with 11 branch offices across the United States, Europe and Asia.
In January 2012, Platform Co... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International%20Code%20of%20Nomenclature%20for%20Cultivated%20Plants | The International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants (ICNCP) is a guide to the rules and regulations for naming cultigens, plants whose origin or selection is primarily due to intentional human activity. It is also known as Cultivated Plant Code. Cultigens under the purview of the ICNCP include cultivars, Group... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stream%20processing | In computer science, stream processing (also known as event stream processing, data stream processing, or distributed stream processing) is a programming paradigm which views streams, or sequences of events in time, as the central input and output objects of computation. Stream processing encompasses dataflow programmi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Use-case%20analysis | Use case analysis is a technique used to identify the requirements of a system (normally associated with software/process design) and the information used to both define processes used and classes (which are a collection of actors and processes) which will be used both in the use case diagram and the overall use case i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reciprocating%20motion | Reciprocating motion, also called reciprocation, is a repetitive up-and-down or back-and-forth linear motion. It is found in a wide range of mechanisms, including reciprocating engines and pumps. The two opposite motions that comprise a single reciprocation cycle are called strokes.
A crank can be used to convert into... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software%20build | In software development, a build is the process of converting source code files into standalone software artifact(s) that can be run on a computer, or the result of doing so.
Functions
Building software is an end-to-end process that involves many distinct functions. Some of these functions are described below.
V... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subscriber%20loop%20carrier | A subscriber loop carrier or subscriber line carrier (SLC) provides telephone exchange-like telephone interface functionality. SLC remote terminals are typically located in areas with a high density of telephone subscribers, such as a residential neighborhood, or very rural areas with widely dispersed customers, that a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Host%20model | In computer networking, a host model is an option of designing the TCP/IP stack of a networking operating system like Microsoft Windows or Linux. When a unicast packet arrives at a host, IP must determine whether the packet is locally destined (its destination matches an address that is assigned to an interface of the ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raymond%20Paley | Raymond Edward Alan Christopher Paley (7 January 1907 – 7 April 1933) was an English mathematician who made significant contributions to mathematical analysis before dying young in a skiing accident.
Life
Paley was born in Bournemouth, England, the son of an artillery officer who died of tuberculosis before Paley was ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwartz%E2%80%93Zippel%20lemma | In mathematics, the Schwartz–Zippel lemma (also called the DeMillo–Lipton–Schwartz–Zippel lemma) is a tool commonly used in probabilistic polynomial identity testing, i.e. in the problem of determining whether a given multivariate polynomial is the
0-polynomial (or identically equal to 0). It was discovered independent... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiphysics%20simulation | In computational modelling, multiphysics simulation (often shortened to simply "multiphysics") is defined as the simultaneous simulation of different aspects of a physical system or systems and the interactions among them. For example, simultaneous simulation of the physical stress on an object, the temperature distrib... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron%20economy | Neutron economy is defined as the ratio of excess neutron production divided by the rate of fission. The numbers are a weighted average based primarily on the energies of the neutrons.
Nuclear fission is a process in which the nuclei of atoms are split apart. Among the various particles released in this process are hi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Lusztig | George Lusztig (born Gheorghe Lusztig; May 20, 1946) is a Romanian-born American mathematician and Abdun Nur Professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). He was a Norbert Wiener Professor in the Department of Mathematics from 1999 to 2009.
Education and career
Born in Timișoara to a Hungarian-Jewish f... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tatamibari | Tatamibari () is a type of logic puzzle designed and published by Nikoli. The puzzle is based on Japanese tatami mats.
Rules
A Tatamibari puzzle is played on a rectangular grid with three different kinds of symbols in it: +, -. and |. The solver must partition the grid into rectangular or square regions according to t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence%20C.%20Evans | Lawrence Craig Evans (born November 1, 1949) is an American mathematician and Professor of Mathematics at the University of California, Berkeley.
His research is in the field of nonlinear partial differential equations, primarily elliptic equations. In 2004, he shared the Leroy P. Steele Prize for Seminal Contribution... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egg%20drop%20competition | The egg drop contest is an experiment usually performed by college or primary school students. Competitors typically attempt to create a device that can keep a raw chicken egg intact when dropped from a height. Students are asked to build a device made from a limited or unlimited amount of materials to support an egg w... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anonymous%20matching | Anonymous matching is a matchmaking method facilitated by computer databases, in which each user confidentially selects people they are interested in dating and the computer identifies and reports matches to pairs of users who share a mutual attraction. Protocols for anonymous matchmaking date back to the 1980s, and o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rustle%20noise | Rustle noise is noise consisting of aperiodic pulses characterized by the average time between those pulses (such as the mean time interval between clicks of a Geiger counter), known as rustle time (Schouten ?). Rustle time is determined by the fineness of sand, seeds, or shot in rattles, contributes heavily to the so... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rewilding%20Institute | The Rewilding Institute is an organization concerned with the integration of traditional wildlife and wildlands conservation to advance landscape-scale conservation. It was founded by environmental activist Dave Foreman.
About
The Rewilding Institute's mission is to work toward the survival and flourishing of large c... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton%20Synchrotron | The Proton Synchrotron (PS, sometimes also referred to as CPS) is a particle accelerator at CERN. It is CERN's first synchrotron, beginning its operation in 1959. For a brief period the PS was the world's highest energy particle accelerator. It has since served as a pre-accelerator for the Intersecting Storage Rings (... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic%20variability | Genetic variability is either the presence of, or the generation of, genetic differences.
It is defined as "the formation of individuals differing in genotype, or the presence of genotypically different individuals, in contrast to environmentally induced differences which, as a rule, cause only temporary, nonheritable ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trusted%20Computing%20Group | The Trusted Computing Group is a group formed in 2003 as the successor to the Trusted Computing Platform Alliance which was previously formed in 1999 to implement Trusted Computing concepts across personal computers. Members include Intel, AMD, IBM, Microsoft, and Cisco.
The core idea of trusted computing is to give h... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultivar%20group | A Group (previously cultivar-group) is a formal category in the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants (ICNCP) used for cultivated plants (cultivars) that share a defined characteristic. It is represented in a botanical name by the symbol Group or Gp. "Group" or "Gp" is always written with a capital G... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alec%20Stokes | Alexander Rawson Stokes (27 June 1919 – 6 February 2003) was a British physicist at Royal Holloway College, London and later at King's College London. He was most recognised as a co-author of the second of the three papers published sequentially in Nature on 25 April 1953 describing the correct molecular structure of D... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quintrix | Quintrix is a name given to a flat and wide television tube made by Panasonic. Quintrix tubes were first introduced to the market in 1974. The word originates from the Latin word "quintum", which means "fifth". So far there are three models of Quintrix available:
Quintrix,
Quintrix F, and
Quintrix SR (SR = Supe... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar%20physics | Solar physics is the branch of astrophysics that specializes in the study of the Sun. It deals with detailed measurements that are possible only for our closest star. It intersects with many disciplines of pure physics, astrophysics, and computer science, including fluid dynamics, plasma physics including magnetohydro... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madhava%20of%20Sangamagrama | Mādhava of Sangamagrāma (Mādhavan) () was an Indian mathematician and astronomer who is considered as the founder of the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics. One of the greatest mathematician-astronomers of the Late Middle Ages, Madhava made pioneering contributions to the study of infinite series, calculus, tri... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emulex | Emulex Corporation is a provider of computer network connectivity, monitoring and management hardware and software. The company's I/O connectivity offerings, including its line of Ethernet and Fibre Channel-based connectivity products, are or were used in server and storage products from OEMs, including Cisco, Dell, EM... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History%20of%20the%20Big%20Bang%20theory | The history of the Big Bang theory began with the Big Bang's development from observations and theoretical considerations. Much of the theoretical work in cosmology now involves extensions and refinements to the basic Big Bang model. The theory itself was originally formalised by Father Georges Lemaître in 1927. Hubble... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subtelomere | Subtelomeres are segments of DNA between telomeric caps and chromatin.
Structure
Telomeres are specialized protein–DNA constructs present at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes, which prevent them from degradation and end-to-end chromosomal fusion. Most vertebrate telomeric DNA consists of long (TTAGGG)n repeats of va... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peanut%20milk | Peanut milk is a plant milk, which is an alternative to animal milk. It is made with peanuts, water, and sometimes other additional ingredients like salt, sugar, or cinnamon. Peanut milk is high in fat and protein compared to other plant-based milks. This milk is sometimes used by people who identify with lactose intol... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exploded-view%20drawing | An exploded-view drawing is a diagram, picture, schematic or technical drawing of an object, that shows the relationship or order of assembly of various parts.
It shows the components of an object slightly separated by distance, or suspended in surrounding space in the case of a three-dimensional exploded diagram. An ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airborne%20wind%20turbine | An airborne wind turbine is a design concept for a wind turbine with a rotor supported in the air without a tower, thus benefiting from the higher velocity and persistence of wind at high altitudes, while avoiding the expense of tower construction, or the need for slip rings or yaw mechanism. An electrical generator ma... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ToolTalk | ToolTalk is an interapplication communications system developed by Sun Microsystems (SunSoft) in order to allow applications to communicate with each other at runtime.
Applications supporting ToolTalk can construct "high-level" messages and hand them off to the system's ToolTalk server, which determines the proper re... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jtest | Jtest is an automated Java software testing and static analysis product developed by Parasoft. The product includes technology for data-flow analysis, unit test-case generation and execution, static analysis, and more. Jtest is used by companies such as Cisco Systems and TransCore. It is also used by Lockheed Martin fo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object%20orgy | In computer programming, an object orgy is a situation in which objects are insufficiently encapsulated via information hiding, allowing unrestricted access to their internals. This is a common failure (or anti-pattern) in object-oriented design or object-oriented programming, and it can lead to increased maintenance n... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microgrid | A microgrid is a local electrical grid with defined electrical boundaries, acting as a single and controllable entity. It is able to operate in grid-connected and in island mode. A 'Stand-alone microgrid' or 'isolated microgrid' only operates off-the-grid and cannot be connected to a wider electric power system.
A gri... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerard%20J.%20Holzmann | Gerard J. Holzmann (born 1951) is a Dutch-American computer scientist and researcher at Bell Labs and NASA, best known as the developer of the SPIN model checker.
Biography
Holzmann was born in Amsterdam, Netherlands and received an Engineer's degree in electrical engineering from the Delft University of Technology i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baby%20Gender%20Mentor | Baby Gender Mentor is the trade name of a controversial blood test designed for prenatal sex discernment. The test was manufactured by Acu-Gen Biolab, Inc., a biotech company in Lowell, Massachusetts, United States. The test made a media debut on 17 June 2005 on The Today Show and it was featured in Newsweek in Octobe... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Introduction%20to%20quantum%20mechanics | Quantum mechanics is the study of matter and its interactions with energy on the scale of atomic and subatomic particles. By contrast, classical physics explains matter and energy only on a scale familiar to human experience, including the behavior of astronomical bodies such as the moon. Classical physics is still use... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brun%27s%20theorem | In number theory, Brun's theorem states that the sum of the reciprocals of the twin primes (pairs of prime numbers which differ by 2) converges to a finite value known as Brun's constant, usually denoted by B2 . Brun's theorem was proved by Viggo Brun in 1919, and it has historical importance in the introduction of sie... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intracellular%20parasite | Intracellular parasites are microparasites that are capable of growing and reproducing inside the cells of a host.
Types of parasites
There are two main types of intracellular parasites: Facultative and Obligate.
Facultative intracellular parasites are capable of living and reproducing in or outside of host cells. ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarepta%20Therapeutics | Sarepta Therapeutics, Inc. () is a medical research and drug development company with corporate offices and research facilities in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. Incorporated in 1980 as AntiVirals, shortly before going public the company changed its name from AntiVirals to AVI BioPharma soon with stock symbol... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omphalitis%20of%20newborn | Omphalitis of newborn is the medical term for inflammation of the umbilical cord stump in the neonatal newborn period, most commonly attributed to a bacterial infection. Typically immediately after an infant is born, the umbilical cord is cut with a small remnant (often referred to as the stump) left behind. Normally t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlamydiales | The bacterial order Chlamydiales includes only obligately intracellular bacteria that have a chlamydia-like developmental cycle of replication and at least 80% 16S rRNA or 23S rRNA gene sequence identity with other members of Chlamydiales. Chlamydiales live in animals, insects, and protozoa.
Currently, the order Chla... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COMSOL%20Multiphysics | COMSOL Multiphysics is a finite element analysis, solver, and simulation software package for various physics and engineering applications, especially coupled phenomena and multiphysics. The software facilitates conventional physics-based user interfaces and coupled systems of partial differential equations (PDEs). COM... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takeda%20Oncology | Takeda Oncology (originally Millennium Pharmaceuticals) is a biopharmaceutical company based in Cambridge, Massachusetts. It is a fully owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceutical.
Takeda Oncology's research, development and commercialization activities focused in two therapeutic areas: oncology and inflammation to deve... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Call%20sign | In broadcasting and radio communications, a call sign (also known as a call name or call letters—and historically as a call signal—or abbreviated as a call) is a unique identifier for a transmitter station. A call sign can be formally assigned by a government agency, informally adopted by individuals or organizations, ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photographic%20magnitude | Photographic magnitude ( or ) is a measure of the relative brightness of a star or other astronomical object as imaged on a photographic film emulsion with a camera attached to a telescope. An object's apparent photographic magnitude depends on its intrinsic luminosity, its distance and any extinction of light by inte... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodiversity%20Information%20Standards%20%28TDWG%29 | Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG), originally called the Taxonomic Databases Working Group, is a non-profit scientific and educational association that works to develop open standards for the exchange of biodiversity data, facilitating biodiversity informatics. It is affiliated with the International Union of B... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carboxymethyl%20cellulose | Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) or cellulose gum is a cellulose derivative with carboxymethyl groups (-CH2-COOH) bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone. It is often used as its sodium salt, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. It used to be marketed under the nam... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irritability | Irritability (also informally called crankiness) is the excitatory ability that living organisms have to respond to changes in their environment. The term is used for both the physiological reaction to stimuli and for the pathological, abnormal or excessive sensitivity to stimuli.
When reflecting human emotion and beh... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary%20grade | A grade is a taxon united by a level of morphological or physiological complexity. The term was coined by British biologist Julian Huxley, to contrast with clade, a strictly phylogenetic unit.
Phylogenetics
In order to fully understand evolutionary grades, one must first get a better understanding of phylogenetics: th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handle%20decompositions%20of%203-manifolds | In mathematics, a handle decomposition of a 3-manifold allows simplification of the original 3-manifold into pieces which are easier to study.
Heegaard splittings
An important method used to decompose into handlebodies is the Heegaard splitting, which gives us a decomposition in two handlebodies of equal genus.
Exam... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventral%20body%20cavity | The ventral body cavity is a human body cavity that is in the anterior (front) aspect of the human body. It is made up of the thoracic cavity, and the abdominopelvic cavity. The abdominopelvic cavity is further divided into the abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity, but there is no physical barrier between the two. The a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proof%20complexity | In logic and theoretical computer science, and specifically proof theory and computational complexity theory, proof complexity is the field aiming to understand and analyse the computational resources that are required to prove or refute statements. Research in proof complexity is predominantly concerned with proving p... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean%20acidification | Ocean acidification is the decrease in the pH of the Earth's ocean. Between 1950 and 2020, the average pH of the ocean surface fell from approximately 8.15 to 8.05. Carbon dioxide emissions from human activities are the primary cause of ocean acidification, with atmospheric carbon dioxide () levels exceeding 410 ppm (i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun%20outage | A Sun outage, Sun transit, or Sun fade is an interruption in or distortion of geostationary satellite signals caused by interference (background noise) of the Sun when it falls directly behind a satellite which an Earth station is trying to receive data from or transmit data to. It usually occurs briefly to such satel... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple%2080-Column%20Text%20Card | The Apple 80-Column Text Card is an expansion card for the Apple IIe computer to give it the option of displaying 80 columns of text instead of 40 columns. Two models were available; the cheaper 80-column card has just enough extra RAM to double the video memory capacity, and the Extended 80-Column Text Card has an ad... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TV80 | The Sinclair TV80, also known as the Flat Screen Pocket TV or FTV1, was a pocket television released by Sinclair Research in September 1983. Unlike Sinclair's earlier attempts at a portable television, the TV80 used a flat CRT with a side-mounted electron gun instead of a conventional CRT; the picture was made to appea... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoomed%20video%20port | In computing, a zoomed video port (often simply ZV port) is a unidirectional video bus allowing a device in a PC card slot to transfer video data directly into a VGA frame buffer, so as to allow laptops to display real-time video. The standard was created by the PCMCIA to allow devices such as TV tuners, video inputs a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20First%20Men%20in%20the%20Moon | The First Men in the Moon is a scientific romance, originally serialised in The Strand Magazine and The Cosmopolitan from November 1900 to June 1901 and published in hardcover in 1901, by the English author H. G. Wells, who called it one of his "fantastic stories". The novel tells the story of a journey to the Moon und... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robust%20Header%20Compression | Robust Header Compression (ROHC) is a standardized method to compress the IP, UDP, UDP-Lite, RTP, and TCP headers of Internet packets.
The need for header compression
In streaming applications, the overhead of IP, UDP, and RTP is 40 bytes for IPv4, or 60 bytes for IPv6. For VoIP, this corresponds to around 60% of the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unbalanced%20line | In telecommunications and electrical engineering in general, an unbalanced line is a pair of conductors intended to carry electrical signals, which have unequal impedances along their lengths and to ground and other circuits. Examples of unbalanced lines are coaxial cable or the historic earth return system invented fo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tier%202%20network | A Tier 2 network is an Internet service provider which engages in the practice of peering with other networks, but which also purchases IP transit to reach some portion of the Internet.
Tier 2 providers are the most common Internet service providers, as it is much easier to purchase transit from a Tier 1 network than ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans%20Riesel | Hans Ivar Riesel (May 28, 1929 in Stockholm – December 21, 2014) was a Swedish mathematician who discovered the 18th known Mersenne prime in 1957, using the computer BESK: this prime is 23217-1 and consists of 969 digits. He held the record for the largest known prime from 1957 to 1961, when Alexander Hurwitz discovere... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piophila | Piophila is a genus of small flies which includes the species known as the cheese fly. Both Piophila species feed on carrion, including human corpses.
Description
Piophila are small dark flies with unmarked wings. The setulae (fine hairs) on the thorax are confined to three distinct rows.
Species
There are two specie... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed%20Roberts%20%28computer%20engineer%29 | Henry Edward Roberts (September 13, 1941 – April 1, 2010) was an American engineer, entrepreneur and medical doctor who invented the first commercially successful personal computer in 1974. He is most often known as "the father of the personal computer." He founded Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems (MITS) in ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Change%20control%20board | In software development, projects and programs, a change control board (CCB) is a committee that consists of Subject Matter Experts (SME, e.g. software engineers, testing experts, etc.) and Managers (e.g. Quality Assurance managers), who decide whether to implement proposed changes to a project. The main objective of a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%A4fenberg%27s%20ring | Gräfenberg's ring is a flexible ring of silk suture, later versions of which were wrapped in silver wire. It was an early IUD, a birth control device. Gräfenberg's ring was the first IUD used by a significant number of women. The ring was introduced by German gynecologist Ernst Gräfenberg in 1929. It ceased to be in ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific%20name%20%28zoology%29 | In zoological nomenclature, the specific name (also specific epithet or species epithet) is the second part (the second name) within the scientific name of a species (a binomen). The first part of the name of a species is the name of the genus or the generic name. The rules and regulations governing the giving of a new... |
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