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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galley%20division
In arithmetic, the galley method, also known as the batello or the scratch method, was the most widely used method of division in use prior to 1600. The names galea and batello refer to a boat which the outline of the work was thought to resemble. An earlier version of this method was used as early as 825 by Al-Khwar...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emerging%20Sources%20Citation%20Index
The Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI) is a citation index produced since 2015 by Thomson Reuters and now by Clarivate. According to the publisher, the index includes "peer-reviewed publications of regional importance and in emerging scientific fields". The ESCI is accessible through the Web of Science, together w...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaroslav%20Flegr
Jaroslav Flegr (born 12 March 1958) is a Czech parasitologist, evolutionary biologist, and author of the book Frozen Evolution. He is professor of biology at the Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, and is a member of the editorial board of the journal Neuroendocrinology Letters. His work on how toxoplasm...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formaldehyde%20releaser
A formaldehyde releaser, formaldehyde donor or formaldehyde-releasing preservative is a chemical compound that slowly releases formaldehyde. Formaldehyde-releasers are added to prevent microbial growth and extend shelf life. The intent of these compounds is that they release formaldehyde at levels that suppress microb...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-resolution%20scheme
High-resolution schemes are used in the numerical solution of partial differential equations where high accuracy is required in the presence of shocks or discontinuities. They have the following properties: Second- or higher-order spatial accuracy is obtained in smooth parts of the solution. Solutions are free from sp...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonid%20Rudin
Leonid Rudin is an American computer scientist known as the co-founder and CEO of Cognitech. He is one of the leaders in the Forensic Video Image processing field. Education Rudin holds an MSci. and PhD., degrees in Computer Science and Computational Imaging Science from California Institute of Technology (Caltech)....
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixation%20%28histology%29
In the fields of histology, pathology, and cell biology, fixation is the preservation of biological tissues from decay due to autolysis or putrefaction. It terminates any ongoing biochemical reactions and may also increase the treated tissues' mechanical strength or stability. Tissue fixation is a critical step in the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dehydration
In physiology, dehydration is a lack of total body water, with an accompanying disruption of metabolic processes. It occurs when free water loss exceeds free water intake, usually due to exercise, disease, or high environmental temperature. Mild dehydration can also be caused by immersion diuresis, which may increase r...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CESG%20Claims%20Tested%20Mark
The CESG Claims Tested Mark (abbreviated as CCT Mark or CCTM), formerly CSIA Claims Tested Mark, is a UK Government Standard for computer security. The CCT Mark is based upon framework where vendors can make claims about the security attributes of their products and/or services, and independent testing laboratories ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumped%20damage%20mechanics
Lumped damage mechanics or LDM is a branch of structural mechanics that is concerned with the analysis of frame structures. It is based on continuum damage mechanics and fracture mechanics. It combines the ideas of these theories with the concept of plastic hinge LDM can be defined as the fracture mechanics of complex ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Success
Success is the state or condition of meeting a defined range of expectations. It may be viewed as the opposite of failure. The criteria for success depend on context, and may be relative to a particular observer or belief system. One person might consider a success what another person considers a failure, particularly ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index%20of%20physics%20articles%20%28O%29
The index of physics articles is split into multiple pages due to its size. To navigate by individual letter use the table of contents below. O OECC OPAL detector OPERA experiment OSA Fellow OSO 3 OSO 7 OVRO 40 meter Telescope OZI Rule Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oberth effect Objective (optics) Oblique correction...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georg%20Bohlmann
Georg Bohlmann (23 April 1869 – 25 April 1928) was a German mathematician who specialized in probability theory and actuarial mathematics. Life and career Georg Bohlmann went to school in Berlin and Leipzig and took his Abitur at the Wilhelms-Gymnasium in Berlin in 1888. After that, he began studying mathematics at ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brumer%20bound
In mathematics, the Brumer bound is a bound for the rank of an elliptic curve, proved by . See also Mestre bound
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europhenome
Europhenome is a resource for presenting, searching and analysing mouse phenotypes that were revealed by high throughput mouse phenotyping programmes such as EUMODIC. The EuroPhenome project provides access to raw and annotated mouse phenotyping data generated from primary pipelines such as EMPReSSlim and secondary p...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QuickRing
QuickRing was a gigabit-rate interconnect that combined the functions of a computer bus and a network. It was designed at Apple Computer as a multimedia system to run "on top" of existing local bus systems inside a computer, but was later taken over by National Semiconductor and repositioned as an interconnect for para...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afforestation
Afforestation is the establishment of a forest or stand of trees (forestation) in an area where there was no recent tree cover. Many government and non-governmental organizations directly engage in afforestation programs to create forests and increase carbon capture. Afforestation is an increasingly sought-after method...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predictability
Predictability is the degree to which a correct prediction or forecast of a system's state can be made, either qualitatively or quantitatively. Predictability and causality Causal determinism has a strong relationship with predictability. Perfect predictability implies strict determinism, but lack of predictability d...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alginite
Alginite is a component of some types of kerogen alongside amorphous organic matter. Alginite consists of organic-walled marine microfossils, distinct from inorganic (silica)-walled microfossils that comprise diatomaceous earth. Alginite is a complex soil aggregate of algae based biomass fossil, clay, volcanic ash an...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobil%20Composition%20of%20Matter
Mobil Composition of Matter (MCM) is the initial name given for a series of mesoporous materials that were first synthesized by Mobil's researchers in 1992. MCM-41 (Mobil Composition of Matter No. 41) and MCM-48 (Mobil Composition of Matter No. 48) are two of the most popular mesoporous molecular sieves that are keen...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bastard%20Operator%20From%20Hell
The Bastard Operator From Hell (BOFH) is a fictional rogue computer operator created by Simon Travaglia, who takes out his anger on users (who are "lusers" to him) and others who pester him with their computer problems, uses his expertise against his enemies and manipulates his employer. Several people have written s...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scaffold%20%28programming%29
Scaffolding, as used in computing, refers to one of two techniques: Code generation: It is a technique related to database access in some model–view–controller frameworks. Project generation: It is a technique supported by various programming tools. Code generation Scaffolding is a technique supported by some model–v...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H3K36ac
H3K36ac is an epigenetic modification to the DNA packaging protein Histone H3. It is a mark that indicates the acetylation at the 36th lysine residue of the histone H3 protein. H3K36ac has not been widely studied but it is very widely conserved across mammals and yeast and marks genes. Specifically, it marks promoters...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic%20mode%20decomposition
Dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) is a dimensionality reduction algorithm developed by Peter J. Schmid and Joern Sesterhenn in 2008. Given a time series of data, DMD computes a set of modes each of which is associated with a fixed oscillation frequency and decay/growth rate. For linear systems in particular, these mode...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isomaltol
Isomaltol is a natural furan obtained by the enzymatic degradation of starch. It is also a flavor component in bread crust, produced by thermal degradation (caramelization) of sugars. Isomaltol is obtained after the Maillard reaction from an amino acid and a reducing sugar See also Maltol
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigonal%20planar%20molecular%20geometry
In chemistry, trigonal planar is a molecular geometry model with one atom at the center and three atoms at the corners of an equilateral triangle, called peripheral atoms, all in one plane. In an ideal trigonal planar species, all three ligands are identical and all bond angles are 120°. Such species belong to the poin...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernesto%20Estrada%20%28scientist%29
Ernesto Estrada (born 2 May 1966) is a Cuban-Spanish scientist. He has been Senior ARAID Researcher at the Institute of Mathematics and Applications at the University of Zaragoza, Spain since 2019. Before that he was the chair in Complexity Science, and full professor at the Department of Mathematics and Statistics of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Density%20ratio
The density ratio of a column of seawater is a measure of the relative contributions of temperature and salinity in determining the density gradient. At a density ratio of 1, temperature and salinity are said to be compensated: their density signatures cancel, leaving a density gradient of zero. The formula for the de...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slow-reacting%20substance%20of%20anaphylaxis
The slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis or SRS-A is a mixture of the leukotrienes LTC4, LTD4 and LTE4. Mast cells secrete it during the anaphylactic reaction, inducing inflammation. It can be found in basophils. It induces prolonged, slow contraction of smooth muscle and has a major bronchoconstrictor role in ast...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LIM%20domain-binding%20protein%20family
In molecular biology, the LIM domain-binding protein family is a family of proteins which binds to the LIM domain of LIM (LIN-11, Isl-1 and MEC-3) homeodomain proteins which are transcriptional regulators of development. Examples Nuclear LIM interactor (NLI) / LIM domain-binding protein 1 (LDB1) is located in the nucl...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helios%20%28mixing%20console%29
Helios was a brand of mixing consoles custom-designed and built for use in recording studios. Produced from 1969 to 1979, Helios consoles were utilized by many key recording studios to produce numerous notable recordings and played a vital part in the history of British rock. History Background Richard "Dick" Swetten...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stationary-wave%20integrated%20Fourier-transform%20spectrometry
Stationary-wave integrated Fourier-transform spectrometry (SWIFTS), or standing-wave integrated Fourier-transform spectrometry, is an analytical technique used for measuring the distribution of light across an optical spectrum. SWIFTS technology is based on a near-field Lippmann architecture. An optical signal is injec...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law%20of%20specific%20nerve%20energies
The law of specific nerve energies, first proposed by Johannes Peter Müller in 1835, is that the nature of perception is defined by the pathway over which the sensory information is carried. Hence, the origin of the sensation is not important. Therefore, the difference in perception of seeing, hearing, and touch is no...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User%20provisioning%20software
User provisioning software is software intended to help organizations more quickly, cheaply, reliably and securely manage information about users on multiple systems and applications. Background: systems, applications and users People are represented by user objects or login accounts on different systems and applica...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmer%20FEM%20solver
Elmer is a computational tool for multi-physics problems. It has been developed by CSC in collaboration with Finnish universities, research laboratories and industry. Elmer FEM solver is free and open-source software, subject to the requirements of the GNU General Public License (GPL), version 2 or any later. Elmer in...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combined%20Annotation%20Dependent%20Depletion
Combined Annotation Dependent Depletion (CADD) is a tool that evaluates the deleteriousness of single nucleotide, insertion and deletion variants in the human genome. In contrast with other annotation tools that are restricted in scope, the CADD framework integrates multiple annotations into one metric. This is done by...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture24
Culture24, originally the 24 Hour Museum, is a British charity which publishes websites, Culture24, Museum Crush and Show Me, about visual culture and heritage in the United Kingdom, as well as supplying data and support services to other cultural websites including Engaging Places. It operates independently, and rece...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dansker
A dansker (also danzker) is a toilet facility, belonging to a castle, that is housed in a tower over a river or stream. The tower, a type of garderobe tower, is linked to the castle over a bridge, which has a covered or enclosed walkway. The dansker is frequently found on German Ordensburgen and is an architectural fea...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hata%20model
The Hata model is a radio propagation model for predicting the path loss of cellular transmissions in exterior environments, valid for microwave frequencies from 150 to 1500 MHz. It is an empirical formulation based on the data from the Okumura model, and is thus also commonly referred to as the Okumura–Hata model. Th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opportunity%20management
Opportunity management (OM) has been defined as "a process to identify business and community development opportunities that could be implemented to sustain or improve the local economy". Opportunity management is a collaborative approach for economic and business development. The process focuses on tangible outcomes....
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caffeine%20citrate
Caffeine citrate, sold under the brand name Cafcit among others, is a medication used to treat a lack of breathing in premature babies. Specifically it is given to babies who are born at less than 35 weeks or weigh less than once other causes are ruled out. It is given by mouth or slow injection into a vein. Side eff...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloody%20flag
Often called bloody flags or the bloody red (among other names, see ), pattern-free red flags were the traditional nautical symbol in European waters prior to the invention of flag signal codes to signify an intention to give battle and that ‘no quarter would be given’, indicating that surrender would not be accepted a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapidly%20exploring%20dense%20trees
Rapidly exploring dense trees is a family of planning algorithms that includes the rapidly exploring random tree.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video%20Processing%20Engine
nVidia introduced the Video Processing Engine or VPE with the GeForce 4 MX. It is a feature of nVidia's GeForce graphics processor line that offers dedicated hardware to offload parts of the MPEG2 decoding and encoding. The GeForce Go FX 5700 rolled out the VPE 3.0. The VPE later developed into nVidia's PureVideo. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primitive%20polynomial%20%28field%20theory%29
In finite field theory, a branch of mathematics, a primitive polynomial is the minimal polynomial of a primitive element of the finite field . This means that a polynomial of degree with coefficients in is a primitive polynomial if it is monic and has a root in such that is the entire field . This implies that i...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minesweeper%20%28video%20game%29
Minesweeper is a logic puzzle video game genre generally played on personal computers. The game features a grid of clickable tiles, with hidden "mines" (depicted as naval mines in the original game) scattered throughout the board. The objective is to clear the board without detonating any mines, with help from clues ab...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logo
A logo (abbreviation of logotype; ) is a graphic mark, emblem, or symbol used to aid and promote public identification and recognition. It may be of an abstract or figurative design or to include the text of the name that it represents as in a wordmark. In the days of hot metal typesetting, a logotype was one word cas...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometric%20Algebra%20%28book%29
Geometric Algebra is a book written by Emil Artin and published by Interscience Publishers, New York, in 1957. It was republished in 1988 in the Wiley Classics series (). In 1962 Algèbre Géométrique, translation into French by M. Lazard, was published by Gauthier-Villars, and reprinted in 1996. () In 1968 a translatio...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATS%20%28programming%20language%29
ATS (Applied Type System) is a programming language designed to unify programming with formal specification. ATS has support for combining theorem proving with practical programming through the use of advanced type systems. A past version of The Computer Language Benchmarks Game has demonstrated that the performance o...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transglutaminase
Transglutaminases are enzymes that in nature primarily catalyze the formation of an isopeptide bond between γ-carboxamide groups ( -(C=O)NH2 ) of glutamine residue side chains and the ε-amino groups ( -NH2 ) of lysine residue side chains with subsequent release of ammonia ( NH3 ). Lysine and glutamine residues must be ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stauroteuthis%20kengrahami
Stauroteuthis kengrahami is a species of small pelagic cirrate octopus. It is currently only known from off eastern Australia (Tasman Sea). Description Stauroteuthis kengrahami, is generally similar to the other species in the genus. It is principally distinguished by having the cirri (long finger-like projections fl...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service-oriented%20programming
Service-oriented programming (SOP) is a programming paradigm that uses "services" as the unit of computer work, to design and implement integrated business applications and mission critical software programs. Services can represent steps of business processes and thus one of the main applications of this paradigm is th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand%20Prix%20Charles-Leopold%20Mayer
The Grand Prix Charles-Léopold Mayer (Charles-Léopold Mayer Prize) is awarded annually by the Académie des Sciences (French Academy of Sciences) de l'Institut de France (the French Institute) to researchers who have performed outstanding work in the biological sciences; especially in the areas of cell or molecular biol...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2D%20geometric%20model
A 2D geometric model is a geometric model of an object as a two-dimensional figure, usually on the Euclidean or Cartesian plane. Even though all material objects are three-dimensional, a 2D geometric model is often adequate for certain flat objects, such as paper cut-outs and machine parts made of sheet metal. Other e...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MA%20plot
Within computational biology, an MA plot is an application of a Bland–Altman plot for visual representation of genomic data. The plot visualizes the differences between measurements taken in two samples, by transforming the data onto M (log ratio) and A (mean average) scales, then plotting these values. Though original...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecological%20footprint
The ecological footprint is a method promoted by the Global Footprint Network to measure human demand on natural capital, i.e. the quantity of nature it takes to support people and their economies. It tracks this demand through an ecological accounting system. The accounts contrast the biologically productive area peo...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heterospory
Heterospory is the production of spores of two different sizes and sexes by the sporophytes of land plants. The smaller of these, the microspore, is male and the larger megaspore is female. Heterospory evolved during the Devonian period from isospory independently in several plant groups: the clubmosses, the ferns incl...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junction%20tree%20algorithm
The junction tree algorithm (also known as 'Clique Tree') is a method used in machine learning to extract marginalization in general graphs. In essence, it entails performing belief propagation on a modified graph called a junction tree. The graph is called a tree because it branches into different sections of data; ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Element%20%28UML%29
In the Unified Modeling Language (UML), an Element is an abstract class with no superclass. It is used as the superclass or base class, as known by object oriented programmers, for all the metaclasses in the UML infrastructure library. All other elements in the UML inherit, directly or indirectly from Element. An Eleme...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GHKL%20domain
The GHKL domain (Gyrase, Hsp90, Histidine Kinase, MutL) is an evolutionary conserved protein domain. It is an ATPase domain found in several ATP-binding proteins such as histidine kinase, DNA gyrase B, topoisomerases, heat shock protein HSP90, phytochrome-like ATPases and DNA mismatch repair proteins. More informatio...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta%20solenoid
A beta solenoid is a protein fold composed of repeating beta strands subunits, arranged in antiparallel fashion to form a superhelix. Terminology and classification Beta solenoids are part of the solenoid class of protein tandem repeats. Structure Beta solenoids are elongated and potentially open-ended protein repeat...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Totally%20imaginary%20number%20field
In algebraic number theory, a number field is called totally imaginary (or totally complex) if it cannot be embedded in the real numbers. Specific examples include imaginary quadratic fields, cyclotomic fields, and, more generally, CM fields. Any number field that is Galois over the rationals must be either totally re...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muon%20capture
Muon capture is the capture of a negative muon by a proton, usually resulting in production of a neutron and a neutrino, and sometimes a gamma photon. Muon capture by heavy nuclei often leads to emission of particles; most often neutrons, but charged particles can be emitted as well. Ordinary muon capture (OMC) invol...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gather/scatter%20%28vector%20addressing%29
Gather/scatter is a type of memory addressing that at once collects (gathers) from, or stores (scatters) data to, multiple, arbitrary indices. Examples of its use include sparse linear algebra operations, sorting algorithms, fast Fourier transforms, and some computational graph theory problems. It is the vector equival...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darcy%20friction%20factor%20formulae
In fluid dynamics, the Darcy friction factor formulae are equations that allow the calculation of the Darcy friction factor, a dimensionless quantity used in the Darcy–Weisbach equation, for the description of friction losses in pipe flow as well as open-channel flow. The Darcy friction factor is also known as the Dar...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%20M.%20Solovay
Robert Martin Solovay (born December 15, 1938) is an American mathematician specializing in set theory. Biography Solovay earned his Ph.D. from the University of Chicago in 1964 under the direction of Saunders Mac Lane, with a dissertation on A Functorial Form of the Differentiable Riemann–Roch theorem. Solovay has sp...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web%20fiction
Web fiction is written works of literature available primarily or solely on the Internet. A common type of web fiction is the web serial. The term comes from old serial stories that were once published regularly in newspapers and magazines. Unlike most modern books, a work of web fiction is often not published as a wh...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bochner%27s%20theorem%20%28Riemannian%20geometry%29
In mathematics, Salomon Bochner proved in 1946 that any Killing vector field of a compact Riemannian manifold with negative Ricci curvature must be zero. Consequently the isometry group of the manifold must be finite. Discussion The theorem is a corollary of Bochner's more fundamental result which says that on any co...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International%20Academy%20of%20Mathematical%20Chemistry
The International Academy of Mathematical Chemistry (IAMC) was founded in Dubrovnik, Croatia, in 2005 by Milan Randić. It is an organization for chemistry and mathematics avocation; its predecessors have been around since the 1930s. There are 88 Academy members () from around the world (27 countries), comprising six sc...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category%20algebra
In category theory, a field of mathematics, a category algebra is an associative algebra, defined for any locally finite category and commutative ring with unity. Category algebras generalize the notions of group algebras and incidence algebras, just as categories generalize the notions of groups and partially ordered ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical%20joke
A mathematical joke is a form of humor which relies on aspects of mathematics or a stereotype of mathematicians. The humor may come from a pun, or from a double meaning of a mathematical term, or from a lay person's misunderstanding of a mathematical concept. Mathematician and author John Allen Paulos in his book Mathe...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corona%20of%20glans%20penis
The corona of glans penis (or, directly from the Latin, the corona glandis penis) or penis crown refers to the rounded projecting border or flare that forms at the base of the glans in human males. The corona overhangs a mucosal surface, known as the neck of the penis, which separates the shaft and the glans. The deep ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online%20engineering
Online engineering (OE; Sometimes also referred to as remote engineering) is a current trend in engineering and science, aiming to allow and organize a shared use of equipment and resources, but also specialized software (such as for example simulators). Reasons for the growing importance of sharing engineering resour...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominic%20Gates
Dominic Gates is an Irish-American aerospace journalist for The Seattle Times, former math teacher, and Pulitzer Prize winner. He has been assigned to cover Boeing for The Times since 2003. Gates was a co-recipient of the 2020 Pulitzer Prize in National Reporting alongside Steve Miletich, Mike Baker, and Lewis Kamb for...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information%20and%20Content%20Exchange
Information and Content Exchange (ICE) is an XML-based protocol used for content syndication via the Internet. By using XML both sender and receiver have an agreed-upon language in which to communicate. Using a client–server architecture, ICE defines a syndicate/subscribe model that is comparable to the binary publish...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperature-size%20rule
The temperature-size rule denotes the plastic response (i.e. phenotypic plasticity) of organismal body size to environmental temperature variation. Organisms exhibiting a plastic response are capable of allowing their body size to fluctuate with environmental temperature. First coined by David Atkinson in 1996, it is c...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigues%27%20formula
In mathematics, Rodrigues' formula (formerly called the Ivory–Jacobi formula) is a formula for the Legendre polynomials independently introduced by , and . The name "Rodrigues formula" was introduced by Heine in 1878, after Hermite pointed out in 1865 that Rodrigues was the first to discover it. The term is also used ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impulse%20vector
An impulse vector is a mathematical tool to graphically design and analyze input shapers that could suppress residual vibration. The impulse vector can be applied for both undamped and underdamped systems, and for both positive and negative impulses in a unified way. The impulse vector makes it easy to obtain impulse t...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/420%20%28number%29
420 (four hundred [and] twenty) is the natural number following 419 and preceding 421. In mathematics 420 is: the sum of four consecutive primes (). the sum of the first twenty positive even numbers. a zero of the Mertens function and is sparsely totient. a pronic number. the smallest number divisible by the numbers 1...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pycnidium
A pycnidium (plural pycnidia) is an asexual fruiting body produced by mitosporic fungi, for instance in the order Sphaeropsidales (Deuteromycota, Coelomycetes) or order Pleosporales (Ascomycota, Dothideomycetes). It is often spherical or inversely pearshaped (obpyriform) and its internal cavity is lined with conidiopho...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KcsA%20potassium%20channel
KcsA (K channel of streptomyces A) is a prokaryotic potassium channel from the soil bacterium Streptomyces lividans that has been studied extensively in ion channel research. The pH activated protein possesses two transmembrane segments and a highly selective pore region, responsible for the gating and shuttling of K+...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossbar%20theorem
In geometry, the crossbar theorem states that if ray AD is between ray AC and ray AB, then ray AD intersects line segment BC. This result is one of the deeper results in axiomatic plane geometry. It is often used in proofs to justify the statement that a line through a vertex of a triangle lying inside the triangle m...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcification
Calcification is the accumulation of calcium salts in a body tissue. It normally occurs in the formation of bone, but calcium can be deposited abnormally in soft tissue, causing it to harden. Calcifications may be classified on whether there is mineral balance or not, and the location of the calcification. Calcificatio...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%97%20Pachyveria%20glauca%20%27Little%20Jewel%27
× Pachyveria glauca 'Little Jewel' succulent plants are hybrids in the nothogenus × Pachyveria (Pachyphytum and Echeveria). It is a versatile plant, thriving in the (frost free) garden and in containers. Description This plant has cylindrical tapered leaves, shading from powdery blue with a of purple at the bottom of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Value%20of%20information
Value of information (VOI or VoI) is the amount a decision maker would be willing to pay for information prior to making a decision. Similar terms VoI is sometimes distinguished into value of perfect information, also called value of clairvoyance (VoC), and value of imperfect information. They are closely related to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EHA101
EHA101 was one of the first and most widely used Agrobacterium helper plasmid for plant gene transfer. Created in 1985 in the laboratory of Mary-Dell Chilton at Washington University in St. Louis, it was named after the graduate student who constructed it. The EH stands for "Elizabeth Hood" and A for "Agrobacterium". ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shannon%20number
The Shannon number, named after the American mathematician Claude Shannon, is a conservative lower bound of the game-tree complexity of chess of 10120, based on an average of about 103 possibilities for a pair of moves consisting of a move for White followed by a move for Black, and a typical game lasting about 40 such...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sparse%20matrix%20converter
The Sparse Matrix Converter is an AC/AC converter which offers a reduced number of components, a low-complexity modulation scheme, and low realization effort. Invented in 2001 by Prof Johann W. Kolar , sparse matrix converters avoid the multi step commutation procedure of the conventional matrix converter, improving s...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic%20flow%20%28computer%20networking%29
In packet switching networks, traffic flow, packet flow or network flow is a sequence of packets from a source computer to a destination, which may be another host, a multicast group, or a broadcast domain. RFC 2722 defines traffic flow as "an artificial logical equivalent to a call or connection." RFC 3697 defines tra...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inclusion%20%28taxonomy%29
In taxonomy, inclusion is the process whereby two species that were believed to be distinct are found in fact to be the same and are thus combined as one species. Which name is kept for this unified species is sometimes a cause of debate, but generally it is the earlier-named one, and the other species is said to be "i...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aderemi%20Kuku
Aderemi Oluyomi Kuku (March 20, 1941 – February 13, 2022), popularly known as Kuku, was a Nigerian professor of mathematics and a former president of the African Mathematical Union (AMU) and the African Academy of Sciences Kenya. Life Aderemi Kuku was born  in   Ijebu-Ode, Ogun State, on March 20, 1941, as the third...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weighted%20geometric%20mean
In statistics, the weighted geometric mean is a generalization of the geometric mean using the weighted arithmetic mean. Given a sample and weights , it is calculated as: The second form above illustrates that the logarithm of the geometric mean is the weighted arithmetic mean of the logarithms of the individual val...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consensus%20%28computer%20science%29
A fundamental problem in distributed computing and multi-agent systems is to achieve overall system reliability in the presence of a number of faulty processes. This often requires coordinating processes to reach consensus, or agree on some data value that is needed during computation. Example applications of consensus...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afterload
Afterload is the pressure that the heart must work against to eject blood during systole (ventricular contraction). Afterload is proportional to the average arterial pressure. As aortic and pulmonary pressures increase, the afterload increases on the left and right ventricles respectively. Afterload changes to adapt t...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20contaminated%20cell%20lines
Many cell lines that are widely used for biomedical research have been overgrown by other, more aggressive cells. For example, supposed thyroid lines were actually melanoma cells, supposed prostate tissue was actually bladder cancer, and supposed normal uterine cultures were actually breast cancer. This is a list of ce...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinetic%20resolution
In organic chemistry, kinetic resolution is a means of differentiating two enantiomers in a racemic mixture. In kinetic resolution, two enantiomers react with different reaction rates in a chemical reaction with a chiral catalyst or reagent, resulting in an enantioenriched sample of the less reactive enantiomer. As op...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy%20operator
In quantum mechanics, energy is defined in terms of the energy operator, acting on the wave function of the system as a consequence of time translation symmetry. Definition It is given by: It acts on the wave function (the probability amplitude for different configurations of the system) Application The energy ope...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital%20pathology
Digital pathology is a sub-field of pathology that focuses on data management based on information generated from digitized specimen slides. Through the use of computer-based technology, digital pathology utilizes virtual microscopy. Glass slides are converted into digital slides that can be viewed, managed, shared and...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microvia
Microvias are used as the interconnects between layers in high density interconnect (HDI) substrates and printed circuit boards (PCBs) to accommodate the high input/output (I/O) density of advanced packages. Driven by portability and wireless communications, the electronics industry strives to produce affordable, light...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitruvian%20scroll
The Vitruvian scroll is a scroll pattern used in architectural moldings and borders in other media. It is also known as the Vitruvian wave, wave scroll, or running dog pattern. The pattern resembles waves in water or a series of parchment scrolls viewed on end. "Vitruvian" refers to the Roman architect Marcus Vitruv...