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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hartle%E2%80%93Hawking%20state
The Hartle–Hawking state is a proposal in theoretical physics concerning the state of the universe prior to the Planck epoch. It is named after James Hartle and Stephen Hawking. According to the Hartle–Hawking proposal, the universe has no origin as we would understand it: before the Big Bang, which happened about 13....
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FG-7142
FG-7142 (ZK-31906) is a drug which acts as a partial inverse agonist at the benzodiazepine allosteric site of the GABAA receptor. It has anorectic, anxiogenic and pro-convulsant effects. It also increases release of acetylcholine and noradrenaline, and improves memory retention in animal studies.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citizen%20Cyberscience%20Centre
The Citizen Cyberscience Centre (CCC) is an organization for volunteer computing formed as a partnership between CERN, UNITAR, and the University of Geneva. In August 2011, a new version of the BOINC-based volunteer computing project LHC@home began simulating the high-energy collisions of protons in CERN's Large Hadro...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart%20toy
A smart toy is an interactive toy which effectively has its own intelligence by virtue of on-board electronics. These enable it to learn, behave according to preset patterns, and alter its actions depending upon environmental stimuli and user input. Typically, it can adjust to the abilities of the player. A modern smar...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MG-RAST
MG-RAST is an open-source web application server that suggests automatic phylogenetic and functional analysis of metagenomes. It is also one of the biggest repositories for metagenomic data. The name is an abbreviation of Metagenomic Rapid Annotations using Subsystems Technology. The pipeline automatically produces fun...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbiology%20of%20decomposition
Microbiology of decomposition is the study of all microorganisms involved in decomposition, the chemical and physical processes during which organic matter is broken down and reduced to its original elements. Decomposition microbiology can be divided into two fields of interest, namely the decomposition of plant mater...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows%20MultiPoint%20Server
Windows MultiPoint Server is an operating system based on Microsoft Windows Server using Remote Desktop Services technology to host multiple simultaneous independent computing stations or terminals connected to a single computer (multiseat computing). Windows MultiPoint Server 2012 was the final release as an independe...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoth%20%28operating%20system%29
Thoth is a real-time, message passing operating system (OS) developed at the University of Waterloo in Waterloo, Ontario Canada. History Thoth was developed at the University of Waterloo in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. The curriculum at Waterloo includes a Real Time Operating Systems course and an associated "Train lab"...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford%20Instrument%20Company
The Ford Instrument Company was a U.S. corporation known for being the primary supplier of fire control Rangekeepers and analog computers for the United States Navy before and during World War II. A personal blog, Doug Coward's Analog History Museum, includes a page with details for the Ford Instrument Company Compute...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifth%20metacarpal%20bone
The fifth metacarpal bone (metacarpal bone of the little finger or pinky finger) is the most medial and second-shortest of the metacarpal bones. Surfaces It presents on its base one facet on its superior surface, which is concavo-convex and articulates with the hamate, and one on its radial side, which articulates wit...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segmentation%20Rules%20eXchange
Segmentation Rules eXchange or SRX is an XML-based standard that was maintained by Localization Industry Standards Association, until it became insolvent in 2011, and then by the Globalization and Localization Association (GALA). SRX provides a common way to describe how to segment text for translation and other langu...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal%20peptide
A signal peptide (sometimes referred to as signal sequence, targeting signal, localization signal, localization sequence, transit peptide, leader sequence or leader peptide) is a short peptide (usually 16-30 amino acids long) present at the N-terminus (or occasionally nonclassically at the C-terminus or internally) of...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical%20sine%20theorem
In optics, the optical sine theorem states that the products of the index, height, and sine of the slope angle of a ray in object space and its corresponding ray in image space are equal. That is: External links http://physics.tamuk.edu/~suson/html/4323/aberatn.html#Optical%20Sine Sine theorem Physics theorems
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bile%20acid%3Asodium%20symporter
This family of proteins are found both in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In mammals, they are transmembrane proteins with functions in the liver and in the intestine. They are members of the solute carrier family of cotransporter genes which include SLC10A1 and SLC10A2. SLC10A1 encodes the sodium-taurocholate cotranspor...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regulation%20to%20Prevent%20and%20Combat%20Child%20Sexual%20Abuse
The Regulation to Prevent and Combat Child Sexual Abuse (Child Sexual Abuse Regulation, or CSAR) is a European Union regulation proposed by the European Commissioner for Home Affairs Ylva Johansson on 11 May 2022. The stated aim of the legislation is to prevent child sexual abuse online through the implementation of a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probably%20approximately%20correct%20learning
In computational learning theory, probably approximately correct (PAC) learning is a framework for mathematical analysis of machine learning. It was proposed in 1984 by Leslie Valiant. In this framework, the learner receives samples and must select a generalization function (called the hypothesis) from a certain class...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Master%20of%20Mathematics
A Master of Mathematics (or MMath) degree is a specific advanced integrated Master's degree for courses in the field of mathematics. United Kingdom In the United Kingdom, the MMath is the internationally recognized standard qualification after a four-year course in mathematics at a university. The MMath programme was ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colipase
Colipase, abbreviated CLPS, is a protein co-enzyme required for optimal enzyme activity of pancreatic lipase. It is secreted by the pancreas in an inactive form, procolipase, which is activated in the intestinal lumen by trypsin. Its function is to prevent the inhibitory effect of bile salts on the lipase-catalyzed i...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weak%20order%20unit
In mathematics, specifically in order theory and functional analysis, an element of a vector lattice is called a weak order unit in if and also for all Examples If is a separable Fréchet topological vector lattice then the set of weak order units is dense in the positive cone of See also Citations
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concurrent%20lines
In geometry, lines in a plane or higher-dimensional space are concurrent if they intersect at a single point. They are in contrast to parallel lines. Examples Triangles In a triangle, four basic types of sets of concurrent lines are altitudes, angle bisectors, medians, and perpendicular bisectors: A triangle's alt...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacMach
MacMach is a computer operating system from the early 1990s, developed by Carnegie Mellon University. Architecturally, it consists of Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) 4.3 code running on the Mach microkernel, with the Apple Macintosh System 7 running experimentally as a Mach task. The entire system runs on Macintos...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline%20of%20physical%20chemistry
The timeline of physical chemistry lists the sequence of physical chemistry theories and discoveries in chronological order. Timeline details See also Timeline of physics Timeline of atomic and subatomic physics Timeline of chemistry
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klaus%20Samelson
Klaus Samelson (21 December 1918 – 25 May 1980) was a German mathematician, physicist, and computer pioneer in the area of programming language translation and push-pop stack algorithms for sequential formula translation on computers. Early life He was born in Strasbourg, Alsace-Lorraine, and he lived in Breslau in h...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temporal%20logic
In logic, temporal logic is any system of rules and symbolism for representing, and reasoning about, propositions qualified in terms of time (for example, "I am always hungry", "I will eventually be hungry", or "I will be hungry until I eat something"). It is sometimes also used to refer to tense logic, a modal logic-b...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supermicro
Super Micro Computer, Inc., dba Supermicro, is an information technology company based in San Jose, California. It has manufacturing operations in the Silicon Valley, the Netherlands and at its Science and Technology Park in Taiwan. Founded on November 1, 1993, Supermicro is one of the largest producers of high-perform...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymer%20capacitor
A polymer capacitor, or more accurately a polymer electrolytic capacitor, is an electrolytic capacitor (e-cap) with a solid conductive polymer electrolyte. There are four different types: Polymer tantalum electrolytic capacitor (Polymer Ta-e-cap) Polymer aluminium electrolytic capacitor (Polymer Al-e-cap) Hybrid pol...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO-IR-153
ISO-IR-153 (ST SEV 358-88) is an 8-bit character set that covers the Russian and Bulgarian alphabets. Unlike the KOI encodings, this encoding lists the Cyrillic letters in their correct traditional order. This has become the basis for ISO/IEC 8859-5 and the Cyrillic Unicode block. Standards and Naming The name ISO-IR...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International%20Human%20Epigenome%20Consortium
The International Human Epigenome Consortium (IHEC) is a scientific organization, founded in 2010, that helps to coordinate global efforts in the field of Epigenomics. The initial goal was to generate at least 1,000 reference (baseline) human epigenomes from different types of normal and disease-related human cell type...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MicrOmega-IR
MicrOmega-IR is an infrared hyperspectral microscope that is part of the science payload on board the European Rosalind Franklin rover, tasked to search for biosignatures on Mars. The rover is planned to land on Mars in the mid- or late 2020s. MicrOmega-IR will analyse in situ the powder material derived from crushed s...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiskwia
Amiskwia is a genus of soft-bodied animals known from fossils of the Middle Cambrian Lagerstätten both in the Burgess Shale in British Columbia, Canada and the Maotianshan shales of Yunnan Province, China. It is interpreted as a member of the clade Gnathifera sensu lato. Etymology The scientific name Amiskwia sagitti...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastport%20Historic%20District
The Eastport Historic District encompasses the late 19th-century commercial center of the city of Eastport, Maine. Set on a five-block stretch of Water Street, this area was almost completely redeveloped after a major fire in 1886, and many of its buildings are the work of a single architect, Henry Black. The distric...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council%20for%20Responsible%20Genetics
The Council for Responsible Genetics (CRG) was a nonprofit NGO with a focus on biotechnology. History The Council for Responsible Genetics was founded in 1983 in Cambridge, Massachusetts. An early voice concerned about the social and ethical implications of modern genetic technologies, CRG organized a 1985 Congress...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft%20Bob
Microsoft Bob was a Microsoft software product intended to provide a more user-friendly interface for the Windows 3.1x, Windows 95 and Windows NT operating systems, supplanting the Windows Program Manager. The program was released on March 11, 1995 and discontinued in early 1996. Microsoft Bob presented screens showing...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wired%20Equivalent%20Privacy
Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) was a severely flawed security algorithm for 802.11 wireless networks. Introduced as part of the original IEEE 802.11 standard ratified in 1997, its intention was to provide data confidentiality comparable to that of a traditional wired network. WEP, recognizable by its key of 10 or 26 he...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TUM%20School%20of%20Natural%20Sciences
The TUM School of Natural Sciences (NAT) is a school of the Technical University of Munich, established in 2022 by the merger of various former departments. As of 2022, it is structured into the Department of Biosciences, the Department of Chemistry, and the Department of Physics. The school is located at the Garching ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixed%20complementarity%20problem
Mixed Complementarity Problem (MCP) is a problem formulation in mathematical programming. Many well-known problem types are special cases of, or may be reduced to MCP. It is a generalization of nonlinear complementarity problem (NCP). Definition The mixed complementarity problem is defined by a mapping , lower values...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipoprotein%20receptor-related%20protein
Lipoprotein receptor-related proteins, low density lipoprotein receptor-related proteins (HGNC) or prolow-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (UniProt), abbreviated LRP, are a group of proteins. They include: LRP1 LRP1B LRP2 (megalin) LRP3 LRP4 LRP5 LRP6 LRP8, apolipoprotein e receptor LRP10 LRP11 LRP12 See...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Windup%20Girl
The Windup Girl is a biopunk science fiction novel by American writer Paolo Bacigalupi. It was his debut novel and was published by Night Shade Books on September 1, 2009. The novel is set in a future Thailand and covers a number of contemporary issues such as global warming and biotechnology. The Windup Girl was name...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diversity%20panel
A diversity panel is a collection of genetic material or individual samples taken from a diverse population of a certain species. The idea is to illustrate the genetic and phenotypic diversity of the species. Diversity panels exist for human populations, mouse and other organisms. Researchers in the area of genetics ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerology%20%28Ismailism%29
Numerology is an element of Ismailis belief; the idea that numbers have religious meanings. The number seven plays a general role in the theology of the Ismā'īliyya, including mystical speculations that there are seven heavens, seven continents, seven orifices in the skull, seven days in a week, seven prophets, and so ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMILES%20arbitrary%20target%20specification
SMILES arbitrary target specification (SMARTS) is a language for specifying substructural patterns in molecules. The SMARTS line notation is expressive and allows extremely precise and transparent substructural specification and atom typing. SMARTS is related to the SMILES line notation that is used to encode molecula...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kir2.6
{{DISPLAYTITLE:Kir2.6}} The Kir2.6 also known as inward rectifier potassium channel 18 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KCNJ18 gene. Kir2.6 is an inward-rectifier potassium ion channel. Function Inwardly rectifying potassium channels, such as Kir2.6, maintain resting membrane potential in excitable cel...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doujin%20soft
is software created by Japanese hobbyists or hobbyist groups (referred to as "circles"), more for fun than for profit. The term includes digital , which are essentially the Japanese equivalent of independent video games or fangames (the term "doujin game" also includes things like doujin-made board games and card games...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symptomatic%20treatment
Symptomatic treatment, supportive care, supportive therapy, or palliative treatment is any medical therapy of a disease that only affects its symptoms, not the underlying cause. It is usually aimed at reducing the signs and symptoms for the comfort and well-being of the patient, but it also may be useful in reducing or...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biospeleology
Biospeleology, also known as cave biology, is a branch of biology dedicated to the study of organisms that live in caves and are collectively referred to as troglofauna. Biospeleology as a science History The first documented mention of a cave organisms dates back to 1689, with the documentation of the olm, a cave sa...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reta%20Vortaro
Reta Vortaro ("Internet Dictionary", often known by the Esperanto short form ReVo) is a general-purpose multilingual Esperanto dictionary for the Internet. Each of the dictionary's headwords is defined in Esperanto, along with additional information, such as example sentences, to help distinguish the subtle shades of m...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markov%27s%20inequality
In probability theory, Markov's inequality gives an upper bound for the probability that a non-negative function of a random variable is greater than or equal to some positive constant. It is named after the Russian mathematician Andrey Markov, although it appeared earlier in the work of Pafnuty Chebyshev (Markov's te...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BLC1
BLC1 (Breakthrough Listen Candidate 1) was a candidate SETI radio signal detected and observed during April and May 2019, and first reported on 18 December 2020, spatially coincident with the direction of the Solar System's closest star, Proxima Centauri. Signal The apparent shift in its frequency, consistent with the...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dose%20fractionation
Dose fractionation effects are utilised in the treatment of cancer with radiation therapy. When the total dose of radiation is divided into several, smaller doses over a period of several days, there are fewer toxic effects on healthy cells. This maximizes the effect of radiation on cancer and minimizes the negative si...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active%20appearance%20model
An active appearance model (AAM) is a computer vision algorithm for matching a statistical model of object shape and appearance to a new image. They are built during a training phase. A set of images, together with coordinates of landmarks that appear in all of the images, is provided to the training supervisor. The m...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20router%20and%20firewall%20distributions
This is a list of router and firewall distributions, which are operating systems designed for use as routers and/or firewalls. See also List of router firmware projects Comparison of router software projects
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dioptra
A dioptra (sometimes also named dioptre or diopter, from ) is a classical astronomical and surveying instrument, dating from the 3rd century BC. The dioptra was a sighting tube or, alternatively, a rod with a sight at both ends, attached to a stand. If fitted with protractors, it could be used to measure angles. Use G...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumor%20necrosis%20factor%20superfamily
The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily is a protein superfamily of type II transmembrane proteins containing TNF homology domain and forming trimers. Members of this superfamily can be released from the cell membrane by extracellular proteolytic cleavage and function as a cytokine. These proteins are expressed pre...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asymmetric%20cointegration
In economics, testing for an asymmetric cointegration relationship among variables implies distinguishing the positive and the negative effects of the error obtained from the cointegration regression. In order to do that, economists usually use the asymmetric cointegration framework proposed by Enders and Siklos in 200...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phalaenopsis%20%C3%97%20rolfeana
Phalaenopsis × rolfeana is a species of orchid native to the Philippines. It is a hybrid of Phalaenopsis equestris and Phalaenopsis sanderiana. Etymology The specific epithet rolfeana honours the English botanist Robert Allen Rolfe, who specialised on the study of orchids. He had first described this taxon as Phalaeno...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solomon%20Mikhlin
Solomon Grigor'evich Mikhlin (, real name Zalman Girshevich Mikhlin) (the family name is also transliterated as Mihlin or Michlin) (23 April 1908 – 29 August 1990) was a Soviet mathematician of who worked in the fields of linear elasticity, singular integrals and numerical analysis: he is best known for the introductio...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interrupt%20request
In a computer, an interrupt request (or IRQ) is a hardware signal sent to the processor that temporarily stops a running program and allows a special program, an interrupt handler, to run instead. Hardware interrupts are used to handle events such as receiving data from a modem or network card, key presses, or mouse m...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felgo
Felgo (previously V-Play Engine until February 2019) is a cross-platform development tool, based on the Qt framework. It can be used to create mobile apps or games. Felgo apps and games are supported on iOS, Android, Windows Phone, embedded devices and desktop devices. Felgo developers use QML, JavaScript and C++ to cr...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SGI%20Prism
The Silicon Graphics Prism is a series of visualization computer systems developed and manufactured by Silicon Graphics (SGI). Released in April 2005, the Prism's basic system architecture is based on the Altix 3000 servers, but with graphics hardware. The Prism uses the Linux operating system and the OpenGL software l...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cohen%27s%20h
In statistics, Cohen's h, popularized by Jacob Cohen, is a measure of distance between two proportions or probabilities. Cohen's h has several related uses: It can be used to describe the difference between two proportions as "small", "medium", or "large". It can be used to determine if the difference between two pro...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20C.%20Carter%20Award
The William C. Carter Award is a technical award presented annually since 1997 to recognizing an individual who has made a significant contribution to the field of dependable and secure computing throughout his or her PhD dissertation. It is named after, and honors, the late William C. Carter, an important figure in th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel%20Deza
Michel Marie Deza (27 April 1939 – 23 November 2016) was a Soviet and French mathematician, specializing in combinatorics, discrete geometry and graph theory. He was the retired director of research at the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), the vice president of the European Academy of Sciences, a r...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbital%20fascia
The Orbital Fascia forms the periosteum of the orbit. It is loosely connected to the bones and can be readily separated from them. Behind, it is united with the dura mater by processes which pass through the optic foramen and superior orbital fissure, and with the sheath of the optic nerve. In front, it is connected...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sylvester%20matroid
In matroid theory, a Sylvester matroid is a matroid in which every pair of elements belongs to a three-element circuit (a triangle) of the matroid. Example The -point line (i.e., the rank 2 uniform matroid on elements, ) is a Sylvester matroid because every pair of elements is a basis and every triple is a circuit. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple%20gamma%20function
In mathematics, the multiple gamma function is a generalization of the Euler gamma function and the Barnes G-function. The double gamma function was studied by . At the end of this paper he mentioned the existence of multiple gamma functions generalizing it, and studied these further in . Double gamma functions are ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betavoltaic%20device
A betavoltaic device (betavoltaic cell or betavoltaic battery) is a type of nuclear battery which generates electric current from beta particles (electrons) emitted from a radioactive source, using semiconductor junctions. A common source used is the hydrogen isotope tritium. Unlike most nuclear power sources which us...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel%20Spencer
Joel Spencer (born April 20, 1946) is an American mathematician. He is a combinatorialist who has worked on probabilistic methods in combinatorics and on Ramsey theory. He received his doctorate from Harvard University in 1970, under the supervision of Andrew Gleason. He is currently () a professor at the Courant Insti...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark%20Jeffrey%20Rosker
Mark Jeffrey Rosker is a physicist at the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) in Arlington, Virginia. He was named a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2012 for his work on microwave and millimeter-wave phased arrays, gallium nitride semiconductors, and terahertz ele...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nodal%20homolog
Nodal homolog is a secretory protein that in humans is encoded by the NODAL gene which is located on chromosome 10q22.1. It belongs to the transforming growth factor beta superfamily (TGF-β superfamily). Like many other members of this superfamily it is involved in cell differentiation in early embryogenesis, playing a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilirubin%20glucuronide
Bilirubin glucuronide is a water-soluble reaction intermediate over the process of conjugation of indirect bilirubin. Bilirubin glucuronide itself belongs to the category of conjugated bilirubin along with bilirubin di-glucuronide. However, only the latter one is primarily excreted into the bile in the normal setting. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital%20enclosure
Digital enclosure is a model of interrogating the relationship that has arisen between surveillance and the new emerging interactive economy developed by Mark Andrejevic, an associate professor at the University of Iowa. The new interactivity-enhanced spaces born of the new digital era has created "digital enclosures" ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular%20memory%20modules
Cellular memory modules are a form of epigenetic inheritance that allow cells to maintain their original identity after a series of cell divisions and developmental processes. Cellular memory modules implement these preserved characteristics into transferred environments through transcriptional memory. Cellular memory ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramanujan%20Math%20Park
The Ramanujan Math Park is an Indian museum and activity center dedicated to mathematics education inside the Agastya Campus Creativity Lab located in Kuppam, in Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh. It is named after the Indian mathematician Srinivasa Ramanujan (1887-1920) who was from nearby Madras State. It is a joint project o...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remote%20digital%20terminal
In telecommunications, a remote digital terminal (RDT) typically accepts E1, T1 or OC-3 digital lines to communicate with a telephone Access network (AN) or telephone exchange (Local Digital Switch, LDS) on one side, and forms a local exchange (LE) on the other, which is connected to "plain old telephone service" (POTS...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertex%20cover
In graph theory, a vertex cover (sometimes node cover) of a graph is a set of vertices that includes at least one endpoint of every edge of the graph. In computer science, the problem of finding a minimum vertex cover is a classical optimization problem. It is NP-hard, so it cannot be solved by a polynomial-time alg...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boltzmann%20sampler
A Boltzmann sampler is an algorithm intended for random sampling of combinatorial structures. If the object size is viewed as its energy, and the argument of the corresponding generating function is interpreted in terms of the temperature of the physical system, then a Boltzmann sampler returns an object from a classic...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altered%20Beast
Altered Beast is a 1988 beat 'em up arcade video game developed and manufactured by Sega. The game is set in Ancient Greece and follows a player character chosen by Zeus to rescue his daughter Athena from the demonic ruler of the underworld, Neff. Through the use of power-ups, the player character can assume the form o...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rindler%20coordinates
Rindler coordinates are a coordinate system used in the context of special relativity to describe the hyperbolic acceleration of a uniformly accelerating reference frame in flat spacetime. In relativistic physics the coordinates of a hyperbolically accelerated reference frame constitute an important and useful coordina...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural%20top%E2%80%93down%20control%20of%20physiology
Neural top–down control of physiology concerns the direct regulation by the brain of physiological functions (in addition to smooth muscle and glandular ones). Cellular functions include the immune system’s production of T-lymphocytes and antibodies, and nonimmune related homeostatic functions such as liver gluconeogen...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laundry%20symbol
A laundry symbol, also called a care symbol, is a pictogram indicating the manufacturer's suggestions as to methods of washing, drying, dry-cleaning and ironing clothing. Such symbols are written on labels, known as care labels or care tags, attached to clothing to indicate how a particular item should best be cleaned....
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Step%20detection
In statistics and signal processing, step detection (also known as step smoothing, step filtering, shift detection, jump detection or edge detection) is the process of finding abrupt changes (steps, jumps, shifts) in the mean level of a time series or signal. It is usually considered as a special case of the statistica...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American%20Institute%20for%20Stuttering
The American Institute for Stuttering is an American nonprofit organization that provides universally affordable speech therapy to people who stutter. The organization, legally known as The American Institute for Stuttering Treatment and Professional Training (AIS), was founded in 1998 by speech-language pathologist Ca...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ripe%20Digital%20Entertainment
Ripe Digital Entertainment (RDE) was an on-demand digital entertainment company with video on demand components on several platforms. RDE was founded by CEO Ryan Magnussen. Networks Ripe's 'networks', which consisted of Ripe TV, Octane TV and Flow TV were delivered over multiple platform. Ripe TV, launched in Octob...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DIVX
DIVX (Digital Video Express) is a discontinued digital video format. Created in part by Circuit City, it was an unsuccessful attempt to create an alternative to video rental in the United States. The format's poor reception from consumers resulted in major financial losses for Circuit City and is credited with being pa...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synchronous%20Serial%20Interface
Synchronous Serial Interface (SSI) is a widely used serial interface standard for industrial applications between a master (e.g. controller) and a slave (e.g. sensor). SSI is based on RS-422 standards and has a high protocol efficiency in addition to its implementation over various hardware platforms, making it very p...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decimal%20separator
A decimal separator is a symbol used to separate the integer part from the fractional part of a number written in decimal form (e.g., "." in 12.45). Different countries officially designate different symbols for use as the separator. The choice of symbol also affects the choice of symbol for the thousands separator use...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bose%E2%80%93Hubbard%20model
The Bose–Hubbard model gives a description of the physics of interacting spinless bosons on a lattice. It is closely related to the Hubbard model that originated in solid-state physics as an approximate description of superconducting systems and the motion of electrons between the atoms of a crystalline solid. The mode...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polignac%27s%20conjecture
In number theory, Polignac's conjecture was made by Alphonse de Polignac in 1849 and states: For any positive even number n, there are infinitely many prime gaps of size n. In other words: There are infinitely many cases of two consecutive prime numbers with difference n. Although the conjecture has not yet been prove...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remote%20pickup%20unit
A remote pickup unit or RPU is a radio system using special radio frequencies set aside for electronic news-gathering (ENG) and remote broadcasting. It can also be used for other types of point-to-point radio links. An RPU is used to send program material from a remote location to the broadcast station or network. U...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA%20helicase%20database
The RNA helicase database stores data (sequence, structures...) about RNA helicases. See also Helicase
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed%20Sender%20Blackhole%20List
The Distributed Sender Blackhole List was a Domain Name System-based Blackhole List that listed IP addresses of insecure e-mail hosts. DSBL could be used by server administrators to tag or block e-mail messages that came from insecure servers, which is often spam. The DSBL published its lists as domain name system (DN...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intramolecular%20force
An intramolecular force (or primary forces) is any force that binds together the atoms making up a molecule or compound, not to be confused with intermolecular forces, which are the forces present between molecules. The subtle difference in the name comes from the Latin roots of English with inter meaning between or am...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDMA%20subscriber%20identity%20module
A CDMA subscriber identity module (CSIM) is an application to support CDMA2000 phones that runs on a UICC, with a file structure derived from the R-UIM card. By porting the application to the UICC (Universal Integrated Circuit Card), a card with CSIM, SIM, and USIM can operate with all major cellular technologies world...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goldberg%E2%80%93Shprintzen%20syndrome
Goldberg–Shprintzen is a very rare connective tissue condition associated with mutations in KIAA1279 gene which encodes KIF-binding protein (KBP), a protein that may interact with microtubules and actin filaments. KBP may play a key role in cytoskeleton formation and neurite growth. Hirschsprung's disease may be part ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boole%27s%20rule
In mathematics, Boole's rule, named after George Boole, is a method of numerical integration. Formula Simple Boole's Rule It approximates an integral: by using the values of at five equally spaced points: It is expressed thus in Abramowitz and Stegun: where the error term is for some number between and where ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal%20Society%20Africa%20Prize
The Royal Society Africa Prize (formerly known as the Royal Society Pfizer Prize) has been awarded by the Royal Society since 2006 to African-based researchers at the start of their career who are making innovative contributions to the biological sciences in Africa. £60,000 is awarded as a grant for the recipient to c...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mir-154%20microRNA%20precursor%20family
In molecular biology mir-154 microRNA is a short RNA molecule. MicroRNAs function to regulate the expression levels of other genes by several mechanisms. See also MicroRNA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fleet%20Street%20Publisher
Fleet Street Publisher was an Atari ST desktop publishing program produced by Mirrorsoft in the United Kingdom and released in November 1986. A IBM PC compatible version produced by Rowan Software was planned for 1987 but never released. Running under GEM the program offered features such as multi-column text, the abi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex%20conjugate%20root%20theorem
In mathematics, the complex conjugate root theorem states that if P is a polynomial in one variable with real coefficients, and a + bi is a root of P with a and b real numbers, then its complex conjugate a − bi is also a root of P. It follows from this (and the fundamental theorem of algebra) that, if the degree of a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin%20aspart
Insulin aspart, sold under the brand name NovoLog, among others, is a modified type of medical insulin used to treat type 1 and type 2 diabetes. It is generally used by injection under the skin but may also be used by injection into a vein. Maximum effect occurs after about 1–3 hours and lasts for 3–5 hours. Generally ...