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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sum-free%20sequence
In mathematics, a sum-free sequence is an increasing sequence of positive integers, such that no term can be represented as a sum of any subset of the preceding elements of the sequence. This differs from a sum-free set, where only pairs of sums must be avoided, but where those sums may come from the whole set r...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioeconomy
Biobased economy, bioeconomy or biotechonomy is economic activity involving the use of biotechnology and biomass in the production of goods, services, or energy. The terms are widely used by regional development agencies, national and international organizations, and biotechnology companies. They are closely linked to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutte%20matrix
In graph theory, the Tutte matrix A of a graph G = (V, E) is a matrix used to determine the existence of a perfect matching: that is, a set of edges which is incident with each vertex exactly once. If the set of vertices is then the Tutte matrix is an n × n matrix A with entries where the xij are indeterminates. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcuin%27s%20sequence
In mathematics, Alcuin's sequence, named after Alcuin of York, is the sequence of coefficients of the power-series expansion of: The sequence begins with these integers: 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 3, 2, 4, 3, 5, 4, 7, 5, 8, 7, 10, 8, 12, 10, 14, 12, 16, 14, 19, 16, 21 The nth term is the number of triangles wit...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common%20graph
In graph theory, an area of mathematics, common graphs belong to a branch of extremal graph theory concerning inequalities in homomorphism densities. Roughly speaking, is a common graph if it "commonly" appears as a subgraph, in a sense that the total number of copies of in any graph and its complement is a large f...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myeloma%20protein
A myeloma protein is an abnormal antibody (immunoglobulin) or (more often) a fragment thereof, such as an immunoglobulin light chain, that is produced in excess by an abnormal monoclonal proliferation of plasma cells, typically in multiple myeloma or Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Other terms for s...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signed%20graph
In the area of graph theory in mathematics, a signed graph is a graph in which each edge has a positive or negative sign. A signed graph is balanced if the product of edge signs around every cycle is positive. The name "signed graph" and the notion of balance appeared first in a mathematical paper of Frank Harary in ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JASBUG
JASBUG is a security bug disclosed in February 2015 and affecting core components of the Microsoft Windows Operating System. The vulnerability dated back to 2000 and affected all supported editions of Windows Server 2003, Windows Vista, Windows Server 2008, Windows 7, Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows 8, Windows Server 2...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outpost%20%28military%29
A military outpost is detachment of troops stationed at a distance from the main force or formation, usually at a station in a remote or sparsely populated location, positioned to stand guard against unauthorized intrusions and surprise attacks; and the station occupied by such troops, usually a small military base or ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newsdiary%20online
The News Diary is a daily online newspaper in Abuja, Nigeria published by Newsdiary Communication Limited (NCL). About The News Diary was founded by Newsdiary Group Limited in 2009 as online news content, the NGL was founded by Danlami Nmodu, a columnist who was also publisher in TheNEWS and Tempo magazine. In 2015,...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrity%20%28operating%20system%29
INTEGRITY and INTEGRITY-178B are real-time operating systems (RTOSes) produced and marketed by Green Hills Software. INTEGRITY INTEGRITY is POSIX-certified and intended for use in embedded systems of 32-bits or 64-bits. Supported computer architectures include variants of: ARM, Blackfin, ColdFire, MIPS, PowerPC, XScal...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossover%20interference
Crossover interference is the term used to refer to the non-random placement of crossovers with respect to each other during meiosis. The term is attributed to Hermann Joseph Muller, who observed that one crossover "interferes with the coincident occurrence of another crossing over in the same pair of chromosomes, and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-polarization
Cross-polarization (CP), originally published as proton-enhanced nuclear induction spectroscopy is a solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) technique to transfer nuclear magnetization from different types of nuclei via heteronuclear dipolar interactions. The 1H-X cross-polarization dramatically improves the se...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron%28II%2CIII%29%20oxide
Iron(II,III) oxide, or black iron oxide, is the chemical compound with formula Fe3O4. It occurs in nature as the mineral magnetite. It is one of a number of iron oxides, the others being iron(II) oxide (FeO), which is rare, and iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3) which also occurs naturally as the mineral hematite. It contains bot...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climax%20species
Climax species, also called late seral, late-successional, K-selected or equilibrium species, are plant species that can germinate and grow with limited resources; e.g., they need heat exposure or low water availability. They are the species within forest succession that are more adapted to stable and predictable envir...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclodipeptide%20synthases
Cyclodipeptide synthases (CDPSs) are a newly defined family of peptide-bond forming enzymes that are responsible for the ribosome-independent biosynthesis of various cyclodipeptides, which are the precursors of many natural products with important biological activities. As a substrate for this synthesis, CDPSs use two ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksei%20Markushevich
Aleksei Ivanovich Markushevich (; , Petrozavodsk – 7 June 1979, Moscow) was a Soviet mathematician, mathematical educator, and historian of mathematics. He is known for the Farrell–Markushevich theorem. Biography Markushevich's father worked as a junior architect for the Olonets provincial government. In 1916 the fam...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CEN/XFS
CEN/XFS or XFS (extensions for financial services) provides a client-server architecture for financial applications on the Microsoft Windows platform, especially peripheral devices such as EFTPOS terminals and ATMs which are unique to the financial industry. It is an international standard promoted by the European Comm...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bragg%20plane
In physics, a Bragg plane is a plane in reciprocal space which bisects a reciprocal lattice vector, , at right angles. The Bragg plane is defined as part of the Von Laue condition for diffraction peaks in x-ray diffraction crystallography. Considering the adjacent diagram, the arriving x-ray plane wave is defined by: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromemco%20Cyclops
The Cromemco Cyclops, introduced in 1975 by Cromemco, was the first commercial all-digital camera using a digital metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) image sensor. It was also the first digital camera to be interfaced to a microcomputer. The digital sensor for the camera was a modified 1kb dynamic RAM (DRAM) memory chip th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grimm%27s%20hydride%20displacement%20law
Grimm's Hydride Displacement Law is an early hypothesis, formulated in 1925, to describe bioisosterism, the ability of certain chemical groups to function as or mimic other chemical groups. “Atoms anywhere up to four places in the periodic system before an inert gas change their properties by uniting with one to four ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandwidth%20Broker
RFC 2638 from the IETF defines the entity of the Bandwidth Broker (BB) in the framework of differentiated services (DiffServ). According to RFC 2638, a Bandwidth Broker is an agent that has some knowledge of an organization's priorities and policies and allocates quality of service (QoS) resources with respect to those...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimeric%20nuclease
Chimeric nucleases are an example of engineered proteins which must comprise a DNA-binding domain to give sequence specificity and a nuclease domain for DNA cleavage. DNA-binding domains DNA-binding domains including the basic helix-loop-helix, zinc finger, helix-turn-helix and leucine zipper motifs have been used i...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-carrier
The E-carrier is a member of the series of carrier systems developed for digital transmission of many simultaneous telephone calls by time-division multiplexing. The European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations (CEPT) originally standardised the E-carrier system, which revised and improved the e...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sakhr%20Software%20Company
Sakhr Software Company () is an Arabic language technology company based in Kuwait. It deals with products for the Middle East in e-governance, education, wireless, and security. Sakhr was founded in 1982 by Mohammed AlSharekh. The Company currently has 200 employees worldwide. Its research and engineering activities ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMelody
iMelody is a non-polyphonic ringtone exchange object format, used for mobile phones [Extension: .imy], defined by Ericsson and Sony Ericsson together with other manufacturers and is based on Ericsson's proprietary eMelody format. This ringtone format also supports codes that can control the vibration motor, backlight, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complete%20sequence
In mathematics, a sequence of natural numbers is called a complete sequence if every positive integer can be expressed as a sum of values in the sequence, using each value at most once. For example, the sequence of powers of two (1, 2, 4, 8, ...), the basis of the binary numeral system, is a complete sequence; given a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Centre%20for%20Food%20Manufacturing
The National Centre for Food Manufacturing (NCFM) is the food science campus of the University of Lincoln, situated on Park Road at Holbeach in the south of the county of Lincolnshire. It offers part-time apprenticeships and distance learning degrees for individuals working in the food industry. Apprenticeships, Degre...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van%20der%20Waals%20equation
In chemistry and thermodynamics, the Van der Waals equation (or Van der Waals equation of state) is an equation of state which extends the ideal gas law to include the effects of interaction between molecules of a gas, as well as accounting for the finite size of the molecules. The ideal gas law treats gas molecules a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eparterial%20bronchus
The eparterial bronchus (right superior lobar bronchus) is a branch of the right main bronchus given off about 2.5 cm from the bifurcation of the trachea. This branch supplies the superior lobe of the right lung and is the most superior of all secondary bronchi. It arises above the level of the right pulmonary artery, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bephenium%20hydroxynaphthoate
Bephenium hydroxynaphthoate (INN, trade names Alcopara, Alcopar, Befenium, Debefenium, Francin, Nemex) is an anthelmintic agent formerly used in the treatment of hookworm infections and ascariasis. It is formulated as a salt between the active pharmaceutical ingredient, bephenium, and 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid. Beph...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aphanizomenon%20flos-aquae
Aphanizomenon flos-aquae is a brackish and freshwater species of cyanobacteria found around the world, including the Baltic Sea and the Great Lakes. Ecology Aphanizomenon flos-aquae can form dense surface aggregations in freshwater (known as "cyanobacterial blooms"). These blooms occur in areas of high nutrient loadi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remdesivir
Remdesivir, sold under the brand name Veklury, is a broad-spectrum antiviral medication developed by the biopharmaceutical company Gilead Sciences. It is administered via injection into a vein. During the COVID19 pandemic, remdesivir was approved or authorized for emergency use to treat COVID19 in numerous countries. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coulomb%20damping
Coulomb damping is a type of constant mechanical damping in which the system's kinetic energy is absorbed via sliding friction (the friction generated by the relative motion of two surfaces that press against each other). Coulomb damping is a common damping mechanism that occurs in machinery. History Coulomb damping w...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quasirandom%20group
In mathematics, a quasirandom group is a group that does not contain a large product-free subset. Such groups are precisely those without a small non-trivial irreducible representation. The namesake of these groups stems from their connection to graph theory: bipartite Cayley graphs over any subset of a quasirandom gro...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FERMIAC
The Monte Carlo trolley, or FERMIAC, was an analog computer invented by physicist Enrico Fermi to aid in his studies of neutron transport. Operation The FERMIAC employed the Monte Carlo method to model neutron transport in various types of nuclear systems. Given an initial distribution of neutrons, the goal of the p...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inferior%20parietal%20lobule
The inferior parietal lobule (subparietal district) lies below the horizontal portion of the intraparietal sulcus, and behind the lower part of the postcentral sulcus. Also known as Geschwind's territory after Norman Geschwind, an American neurologist, who in the early 1960s recognised its importance. It is a part of t...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotriple%20homology
In algebra, given a category C with a cotriple, the n-th cotriple homology of an object X in C with coefficients in a functor E is the n-th homotopy group of the E of the augmented simplicial object induced from X by the cotriple. The term "homology" is because in the abelian case, by the Dold–Kan correspondence, the h...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India%20Stack
India Stack refers to the project of creating a unified software platform to bring India's population into the digital age. Its website describes its mission as follows: "India Stack is a set of open APIs that allows governments, businesses, startups and developers to utilize a unique digital Infrastructure to solve In...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytoglobin-NO%20cycle
The phytoglobin-nitric oxide cycle is a metabolic pathway induced in plants under hypoxic conditions which involves nitric oxide (NO) and phytoglobin (Pgb). It provides an alternative type of respiration to mitochondrial electron transport under the conditions of limited oxygen supply. Phytoglobin in hypoxic plants act...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Key%20%28short%20story%29
The Key is a science fiction mystery novelette by American writer Isaac Asimov. It is one of the stories featuring the reclusive scientist Wendell Urth. It first appeared in The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction in October 1966, and was reprinted in the anthologies Asimov's Mysteries (1968) and The Best Mysteries ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold%20Chestnut
Harold (Hall) Chestnut (November 25, 1917 – August 29, 2001) was an American electrical engineer, control engineer and manager at General Electric and author, who helped establish the fields of control theory and systems engineering. Biography Born in Albany, New York, where his father, educated as a civil engineer, w...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kharitonov%27s%20theorem
Kharitonov's theorem is a result used in control theory to assess the stability of a dynamical system when the physical parameters of the system are not known precisely. When the coefficients of the characteristic polynomial are known, the Routh–Hurwitz stability criterion can be used to check if the system is stable (...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pure%20homopolar%20generator
A pure homopolar generator (PHG) is an electric generator not requiring brushes or electronics or semiconductor parts to convert torque into direct current. In other words, this homopolar generator only requires theoretical homogeneous or actual (constantly or cyclically) homogenized magnetic field to be able to produ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pangamic%20acid
Pangamic acid, also called pangamate, is the name given to a chemical compound discovered by Ernst T. Krebs Sr. His son, Ernst T. Krebs Jr., promoted it as a medicinal compound for use in treatment of a wide range of diseases. They also termed this chemical "Vitamin B15", though it is not a true vitamin, has no nutrit...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culturally%20Authentic%20Pictorial%20Lexicon
The Culturally Authentic Pictorial Lexicon is a dictionary database of images of various objects in a culturally authentic setting for language learning. All images are presented with a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license, allowing for broad academic use by language teachers. The database is a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tennis%20ball%20theorem
In geometry, the tennis ball theorem states that any smooth curve on the surface of a sphere that divides the sphere into two equal-area subsets without touching or crossing itself must have at least four inflection points, points at which the curve does not consistently bend to only one side of its tangent line. The t...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%20New%20Kind%20of%20Science
A New Kind of Science is a book by Stephen Wolfram, published by his company Wolfram Research under the imprint Wolfram Media in 2002. It contains an empirical and systematic study of computational systems such as cellular automata. Wolfram calls these systems simple programs and argues that the scientific philosophy a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational%20compression
Gravitational compression is a phenomenon in which gravity, acting on the mass of an object, compresses it, reducing its size and increasing the object's density. At the center of a planet or star, gravitational compression produces heat by the Kelvin–Helmholtz mechanism. This is the mechanism that explains how Jup...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motilin
Motilin is a 22-amino acid polypeptide hormone in the motilin family that, in humans, is encoded by the MLN gene. Motilin is secreted by endocrine Mo cells (also referred to as M cells, which are not the same as the M cells, or microfold cells, found in Peyer's patches) that are numerous in crypts of the small intesti...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macromolecular%20Crystallographic%20Information%20File
The Macromolecular Crystallographic Information File (mmCIF) also known as PDBx/mmCIF is a standard text file format for representing macromolecular structure data, developed by the International Union of Crystallography (IUCr) and the Protein Data Bank It is an extension of the Crystallographic Information File (CIF),...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erd%C5%91s%E2%80%93Tenenbaum%E2%80%93Ford%20constant
The Erdős–Tenenbaum–Ford constant is a mathematical constant that appears in number theory. Named after mathematicians Paul Erdős, Gérald Tenenbaum, and Kevin Ford, it is defined as where is the natural logarithm. Following up on earlier work by Tenenbaum, Ford used this constant in analyzing the number of integers...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Correlation%20function%20%28statistical%20mechanics%29
In statistical mechanics, the correlation function is a measure of the order in a system, as characterized by a mathematical correlation function. Correlation functions describe how microscopic variables, such as spin and density, at different positions are related. More specifically, correlation functions quantify how...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EBONE
EBONE (standing for European Backbone) was a pan-European Internet backbone. It went online in 1992 and was deactivated in July 2002. Some portions of the Ebone were sold to other companies and continue to operate today. History Formation In 1991 a certain number of research network managers, including Frode Greisen,...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adversarial%20stylometry
Adversarial stylometry is the practice of altering writing style to reduce the potential for stylometry to discover the author's identity or their characteristics. This task is also known as authorship obfuscation or authorship anonymisation. Stylometry poses a significant privacy challenge in its ability to unmask ano...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TL%3BDR
TL;DR or tl;dr, short for "too long; didn't read", is internet slang saying that text being referred to has been ignored because of its length. It is also used to introduce a summary of an online post or news article. The phrase dates back to at least 2002, and was added to the Oxford Dictionaries Online in 2013. See...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darwinius
Darwinius is a genus within the infraorder Adapiformes, a group of basal strepsirrhine primates from the middle Eocene epoch. Its only known species, Darwinius masillae, lived approximately 47 million years ago (Lutetian stage) based on dating of the fossil site. The only known fossil, called Ida, was discovered in 19...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecosystem%20health
Ecosystem health is a metaphor used to describe the condition of an ecosystem. Ecosystem condition can vary as a result of fire, flooding, drought, extinctions, invasive species, climate change, mining, fishing, farming or logging, chemical spills, and a host of other reasons. There is no universally accepted benchmar...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancestral%20reconstruction
Ancestral reconstruction (also known as Character Mapping or Character Optimization) is the extrapolation back in time from measured characteristics of individuals (or populations) to their common ancestors. It is an important application of phylogenetics, the reconstruction and study of the evolutionary relationships ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International%20Phytogeographic%20Excursion
The International Phytogeographic Excursions was a series of international meetings in plant geography that significantly contributed to exchange of scientific ideas across national and linguistic barriers and also to the rise of Anglo-American plant ecology. The initiative was taken by the British botanist Arthur Tans...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bile
Bile (from Latin bilis), or gall, is a yellow-green fluid produced by the liver of most vertebrates that aids the digestion of lipids in the small intestine. In humans, bile is primarily composed of water, produced continuously by the liver, and stored and concentrated in the gallbladder. After a human eats, this store...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metrics%20%28networking%29
Router metrics are configuration values used by a router to make routing decisions. A metric is typically one of many fields in a routing table. Router metrics help the router choose the best route among multiple feasible routes to a destination. The route will go in the direction of the gateway with the lowest metric....
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separable%20state
In quantum mechanics, separable states are multipartite quantum states that can be written as a convex combination of product states. Product states are multipartite quantum states that can be written as a tensor product of states in each space. The physical intuition behind these definitions is that product states hav...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ERP%20security
ERP Security is a wide range of measures aimed at protecting Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems from illicit access ensuring accessibility and integrity of system data. ERP system is a computer software that serves to unify the information intended to manage the organization including Production, Supply Chain M...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperate%20South%20America
Temperate South America is a biogeographic region of the Earth's seas, comprising the temperate and subtropical waters of South America, including both the Pacific and Atlantic coasts of the continent and adjacent islands. It also includes the remote Gough Island and Tristan da Cunha in the South Atlantic Ocean. Tempe...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain%2C%20Behavior%20and%20Evolution
Brain, Behavior and Evolution is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering evolutionary neurobiology. It was established in 1968 with Walter Riss as the founding editor-in-chief; he remained the editor until 1986. Subsequent editors included Glenn Northcutt (1986–1998) and Walter Wilczynski (1999–2009). The current e...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European%20Battery%20Alliance
The European Battery Alliance (EBA) is Europe's plan to create its own competitive and sustainable battery cell manufacturing value chain. Its purpose is to ensure that Europe benefits from the technological evolution in the Electric Vehicle Market and beyond. The action plan includes cleaner and more sustainable vehic...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoduric%20bacterium
Thermoduric bacteria are bacteria which can survive, to varying extents, the pasteurisation process. Species of bacteria which are thermoduric include Bacillus, Clostridium and Enterococci.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brianchon%27s%20theorem
In geometry, Brianchon's theorem is a theorem stating that when a hexagon is circumscribed around a conic section, its principal diagonals (those connecting opposite vertices) meet in a single point. It is named after Charles Julien Brianchon (1783–1864). Formal statement Let be a hexagon formed by six tangent lines ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interlocus%20sexual%20conflict
Interlocus sexual conflict is a type of sexual conflict that occurs through the interaction of a set of antagonistic alleles at two or more different loci, or the location of a gene on a chromosome, in males and females, resulting in the deviation of either or both sexes from the fitness optima for the traits. A co-evo...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbolic%20method
In mathematics, the symbolic method in invariant theory is an algorithm developed by Arthur Cayley, Siegfried Heinrich Aronhold, Alfred Clebsch, and Paul Gordan in the 19th century for computing invariants of algebraic forms. It is based on treating the form as if it were a power of a degree one form, which correspond...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenonitrozole
Tenonitrozole is an antiprotozoal agent.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coherent%20sheaf
In mathematics, especially in algebraic geometry and the theory of complex manifolds, coherent sheaves are a class of sheaves closely linked to the geometric properties of the underlying space. The definition of coherent sheaves is made with reference to a sheaf of rings that codifies this geometric information. Coher...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballistospore
A ballistospore or ballistoconidia is a spore that is discharged into the air from a living being, usually a species of fungus. With fungi, most types of basidiospores formed on basidia are discharged into the air from the tips of sterigmata. At least 30 thousand species of mushrooms, basidiomycete yeasts, and other fu...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bottromycin
Bottromycin is a macrocyclic peptide with antibiotic activity. It was first discovered in 1957 as a natural product isolated from Streptomyces bottropensis. It has been shown to inhibit methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) among other Gram-positive bacteria and m...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local%20extinction
Local extinction, also extirpation, is the termination of a species (or other taxon) in a chosen geographic area of study, though it still exists elsewhere. Local extinctions are contrasted with global extinctions. Local extinctions mark a change in the ecology of an area. It has sometimes been followed by a replaceme...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collision%20problem
The r-to-1 collision problem is an important theoretical problem in complexity theory, quantum computing, and computational mathematics. The collision problem most often refers to the 2-to-1 version: given even and a function , we are promised that f is either 1-to-1 or 2-to-1. We are only allowed to make queries abou...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychogenic%20disease
Classified as a "conversion disorder" by the DSM-IV, a psychogenic disease is a disease in which mental stressors cause physical symptoms of different diseases. The manifestation of physical symptoms without biologically identifiable causes results from disruptions of processes in the brain from psychological stress. D...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20oldest%20Edmontonians
This article lists the 25 oldest verified Edmontonians of all time (people from Edmonton, Alberta, all of whom attained the age of at least 105 years). Centenarians have received considerable local recognition in the City of Edmonton due to the Edmonton Aging Symposium, as well as the presence of the Alberta Centre on ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum%20Turing%20machine
A quantum Turing machine (QTM) or universal quantum computer is an abstract machine used to model the effects of a quantum computer. It provides a simple model that captures all of the power of quantum computation—that is, any quantum algorithm can be expressed formally as a particular quantum Turing machine. However,...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantar%20digital%20veins
The plantar digital veins arise from plexuses on the plantar surfaces of the digits, and, after sending intercapitular veins to join the dorsal digital veins, unite to form four metatarsal veins.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution%20of%20the%20brain
There is much to be discovered about the evolution of the brain and the principles that govern it. While much has been discovered, not everything currently known is well understood. The evolution of the brain has appeared to exhibit diverging adaptations within taxonomic classes such as Mammalia and more vastly diverse...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan%20Radio%20Company
is a Japanese company specialising in the field of wireless electronics for the communications industry. History Established in 1915, the company has produced a wide variety of products including marine electronics, measuring equipment for telecommunication, radio broadcasting equipment, and amateur radio equipment, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal%20club
A journal club is a group of individuals who meet regularly to critically evaluate recent articles in the academic literature, such as the scientific literature, medical literature, or philosophy literature. Journal clubs are usually organized around a defined subject in basic or applied research. For example, the app...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group%20A%20nerve%20fiber
Group A nerve fibers are one of the three classes of nerve fiber as generally classified by Erlanger and Gasser. The other two classes are the group B nerve fibers, and the group C nerve fibers. Group A are heavily myelinated, group B are moderately myelinated, and group C are unmyelinated. The other classification is...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramsey%27s%20theorem
In combinatorics, Ramsey's theorem, in one of its graph-theoretic forms, states that one will find monochromatic cliques in any edge labelling (with colours) of a sufficiently large complete graph. To demonstrate the theorem for two colours (say, blue and red), let and be any two positive integers. Ramsey's theorem s...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XKMS
XML Key Management Specification (XKMS) uses the web services framework to make it easier for developers to secure inter-application communication using public key infrastructure (PKI). XML Key Management Specification is a protocol developed by W3C which describes the distribution and registration of public keys. Se...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-configuration%20time-dependent%20Hartree
Multi-configuration time-dependent Hartree (MCTDH) is a general algorithm to solve the time-dependent Schrödinger equation for multidimensional dynamical systems consisting of distinguishable particles. MCTDH can thus determine the quantal motion of the nuclei of a molecular system evolving on one or several coupled e...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square%20root%20of%20a%20matrix
In mathematics, the square root of a matrix extends the notion of square root from numbers to matrices. A matrix is said to be a square root of if the matrix product is equal to . Some authors use the name square root or the notation only for the specific case when is positive semidefinite, to denote the unique ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Research%20Plot%2030
Research Plot 30, is a historic agriculture site on the North Dakota State University campus in Fargo, North Dakota. When the pioneers broke up the grass prairie sod, flax was usually one of the first crops sown. If flax was sown continuously or with short rotations between subsequent flax crops, the flax became dise...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long%20number
A long number (e.g. +44 7624 800555 in international notation or 07624 800555 in UK national notation), also known as a virtual mobile number (VMN), dedicated phone number MSISDN or long code, is a reception mechanism used by businesses to receive SMS messages and voice calls. As well as being internationally available...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permanent%20cell
Permanent cells are cells that are incapable of regeneration. These cells are considered to be terminally differentiated and non-proliferative in postnatal life. This includes neurons, heart cells, skeletal muscle cells and red blood cells. Although these cells are considered permanent in that they neither reproduce no...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20mathematical%20societies
This article provides a list of mathematical societies. International African Mathematical Union Association for Women in Mathematics Circolo Matematico di Palermo European Mathematical Society European Women in Mathematics Foundations of Computational Mathematics International Association for Cryptologic Rese...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genera%20%28operating%20system%29
Genera is a commercial operating system and integrated development environment for Lisp machines created by Symbolics. It is essentially a fork of an earlier operating system originating on the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) AI Lab's Lisp machines which Symbolics had used in common with Lisp Machines, Inc....
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows%20Server%202008
Windows Server 2008, codenamed "Longhorn Server", is the fourth release of the Windows Server operating system produced by Microsoft as part of the Windows NT family of the operating systems. It was released to manufacturing on February 4, 2008, and generally to retail on February 27, 2008. Derived from Windows Vista,...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supportworks
Supportworks is an issue tracking system designed for use in help desk and information technology (IT) environments. Two branches of the software are developed concurrently, Supportworks ITSM, a certified ITIL compatible IT service management (ITSM) solution, and Supportworks Helpdesk Professional. Design Issues trac...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutationism
Mutationism is one of several alternatives to evolution by natural selection that have existed both before and after the publication of Charles Darwin's 1859 book On the Origin of Species. In the theory, mutation was the source of novelty, creating new forms and new species, potentially instantaneously, in sudden jumps...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cookies%20and%20cream
Cookies and cream (or cookies 'n cream) is a variety of ice cream, milkshake and other desserts that includes chocolate sandwich cookies, with the most popular version containing hand or pre-crumbled cookies from Nabisco's Oreo brand under a licensing agreement. Cookies and cream ice cream generally mixes in crumbled c...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless%20Telephony%20Applications%20Interface
The Wireless Telephone Applications Interface (WTAI) is a protocol used in conjunction with the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) to allow a phone number to be linked to a web page.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep%20water%20culture
Deep water culture (DWC) is a hydroponic method of plant production by means of suspending the plant roots in a solution of nutrient-rich, oxygenated water. Also known as deep flow technique (DFT), floating raft technology (FRT), or raceway, this method uses a rectangular tank less than one foot deep filled with a nutr...