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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudo-operation | Pseudo-operation can refer to:
A false flag operation, a covert military or paramilitary operation
In computer programming, an assembly language directive |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History%20of%20general-purpose%20CPUs | The history of general-purpose CPUs is a continuation of the earlier history of computing hardware.
1950s: Early designs
In the early 1950s, each computer design was unique. There were no upward-compatible machines or computer architectures with multiple, differing implementations. Programs written for one machine would run on no other kind, even other kinds from the same company. This was not a major drawback then because no large body of software had been developed to run on computers, so starting programming from scratch was not seen as a large barrier.
The design freedom of the time was very important because designers were very constrained by the cost of electronics, and only starting to explore how a computer could best be organized. Some of the basic features introduced during this period included index registers (on the Ferranti Mark 1), a return address saving instruction (UNIVAC I), immediate operands (IBM 704), and detecting invalid operations (IBM 650).
By the end of the 1950s, commercial builders had developed factory-constructed, truck-deliverable computers. The most widely installed computer was the IBM 650, which used drum memory onto which programs were loaded using either paper punched tape or punched cards. Some very high-end machines also included core memory which provided higher speeds. Hard disks were also starting to grow popular.
A computer is an automatic abacus. The type of number system affects the way it works. In the early 1950s, most computers were built for specific numerical processing tasks, and many machines used decimal numbers as their basic number system; that is, the mathematical functions of the machines worked in base-10 instead of base-2 as is common today. These were not merely binary-coded decimal (BCD). Most machines had ten vacuum tubes per digit in each processor register. Some early Soviet computer designers implemented systems based on ternary logic; that is, a bit could have three states: +1, 0, or -1, corresponding to positive, zero, or negative voltage.
An early project for the U.S. Air Force, BINAC attempted to make a lightweight, simple computer by using binary arithmetic. It deeply impressed the industry.
As late as 1970, major computer languages were unable to standardize their numeric behavior because decimal computers had groups of users too large to alienate.
Even when designers used a binary system, they still had many odd ideas. Some used sign-magnitude arithmetic (-1 = 10001), or ones' complement (-1 = 11110), rather than modern two's complement arithmetic (-1 = 11111). Most computers used six-bit character sets because they adequately encoded Hollerith punched cards. It was a major revelation to designers of this period to realize that the data word should be a multiple of the character size. They began to design computers with 12-, 24- and 36-bit data words (e.g., see the TX-2).
In this era, Grosch's law dominated computer design: computer cost increased as the square of it |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FTP%20Explorer | FTP Explorer is an FTP client application for the Microsoft Windows operating system which was originally developed in 1996 by Alan Chavis, founder of FTPx Corp.
One of the first "explorer style" FTP clients, FTP Explorer was designed to look and feel very similar to the explorer file system view of the Windows user interface, with a tree view containing folders on the left and a list view containing files and folders on the right.
FTP Explorer pioneered more advanced FTP features such as background downloading and multiple active connections and became popular.
FTP Explorer has been mentioned in numerous publications and included on the CD-ROM inserts of many books.
Licensing
FTP Explorer is free for educational use. After a 15-day trial period, users are required to purchase a license for US$35.99.
See also
Comparison of FTP client software
External links
FTP Explorer Official Site
FTP clients |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EADAS | EADAS is an acronym for Engineering and Administrative Data Acquisition System created at Bell Laboratories in Columbus, Ohio and used in the Bell System during the 1970s. EADAS was an Operations Support System (OSS) developed for the AT&T long distance and local Bell System telephone networks. The EADAS system collected network traffic usage data, generated periodic management reports, provided network management code controls and routing controls, and provided automated trouble analysis support for network support staff. EADAS was developed by a collaborative effort between Wisconsin Bell, a major "trial site", and Bell Laboratories in both Holmdel, New Jersey and Columbus, Ohio.
This OSS was deployed on DEC PDP-11 computer systems throughout the Bell System network of central offices. See the Bell System Technical Journal published during the mid-1970s for more details.
References
Network management
Telecommunications systems |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tania%20Bryer | Tania Bryer (born 5 July 1962) is a British broadcaster who is affiliated with global television network CNBC. She is host and executive producer of the series CNBC Meets with Tania Bryer and is a regular presenter of The CNBC Conversation. In 2017, Bryer was host and executive producer of CNBC's travel series, Trailblazers. She also contributes to CNBC's live programmes Squawk Box Europe and Street Signs. Bryer also appears weekly on Sky News Sunrise reviewing the news stories of the day.
Early life
Bryer was educated at Queen's College, London and obtained a Bachelor of Science degree in politics at the School of Foreign Service at Georgetown University, Washington, D.C., from which she graduated in 1984.
Career
After beginning her career in a sales position at Vogue magazine, Bryer joined Sky News in 1991 as a weather presenter. The following year she replaced Ulrika Jonsson on TV-am's daily morning show, Good Morning Britain. In 1997, Tania was involved in a segment of the satirical show Brass Eye in which she warned of the dangers of "cloud damage". Bryer has presented fashion and entertainment shows such as The Supermodels and Showbiz Weekly and presented and co-produced the critically acclaimed Newsmakers series and a six-part series on the fashion industry for Sky News. She also hosted Basic Instincts, a twelve-part series on human behaviour for Sky One. Bryer joined CNBC International in 2011 as Host and Executive Producer of CNBC Meets with Tania Bryer. Alongside CNBC Meets with Tania Bryer, The CNBC Conversation and Sky News Sunrise, in 2017 Bryer was host and executive producer of CNBC's travel series, Trailblazers.
She has covered the 2012 Olympic Games in London for Foxtel and has also contributed on Radio 4's Today programme, ITV's This Morning and appeared on BBC's Celebrity Masterchef and in the series finale of US television drama, The Royals. She has written for various publications including OK! magazine, and has been the London correspondent for the New York City-based CBS shows Entertainment Tonight' ' and Inside Edition.
CNBC MeetsCNBC Meets with Tania Bryer airs globally on CNBC. The series profiles celebrities and their philanthropy. Bryer has interviewed amongst others, Bill Clinton, Sir Richard Branson, Jimmy Carter, Angelina Jolie, Tom Cruise, Matt Damon, Sean Penn, Archbishop Desmond Tutu, Mayor of London Boris Johnson, Cherie Blair, Tony Blair, Bob Geldof, Naomi Campbell, Sir Philip Green, Chelsea Clinton, Tamara Mellon, Jon Bon Jovi, Andre Agassi, will.i.am, Jessye Norman, Prince Albert II of Monaco, Carla Bruni-Sarkozy, Prince Andrew, The Duke of York, Lang Lang, Maria Sharapova, Diane von Furstenberg and Dolly Parton.
CNBC Meets: In the Press
Former US President Bill Clinton admitted to Bryer in 2013 that if the US had gone into Rwanda sooner following the start of the 1994 genocide, at least a third or 300,000 lives could have been saved. Clinton explained that the failure of his administration to act dur |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Task%20switching | Task switching may refer to:
Context switching in computing
Task switching (psychology) in psychology |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madatally%20Manji | Madatally Manji (1918 – 9 September 2006) was a Kenyan industrialist and entrepreneur, best known for founding the House of Manji, a food manufacturing company.
Manji was born in Nyeri, in Kenya's Central Province. He left school early, and worked for some years in a grocery shop, before going into business with his 7 brothers in 1941. In the subsequent decades his business interests were dominated by food manufacturing. Although best known for biscuits, he also manufactured Weetabix and Buitoni pasta, sweets and, in the early days, bread. Although Kenya was always his base, he also developed businesses in Tanzania, Pakistan and the UK.
He and his wife, Fatima Manji, were renowned for their parties.
Death
Madatally Manji, the most publicly famous of the 7 founding brothers, died on 9 September 2006, leaving his wife, Fatima, his children, Julie, Salim and Firoze Manji, his grandchildren, Ambreena, Zia, Ahsan, Tehmeena, Kainde, Sembene, Feisal and Tasneem, his great grandson Rafik, and great nephew Miraz. Miraz founded a business printing company in Canada called TLAC Toronto Printing.
References
Further reading
1918 births
2006 deaths
20th-century Kenyan businesspeople
Elders of the Order of the Burning Spear
Kenyan people of Indian descent
Khoja Ismailism |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeff%20Moss%20%28hacker%29 | Jeff Moss (born January 1, 1975), also known as Dark Tangent, is an American hacker, computer and internet security expert who founded the Black Hat and DEF CON computer security conferences.
Early life and education
Moss received his first computer at the age of 10.
He became fascinated because he wasn't old enough to drive a car or vote, but he could engage in adult conversation with people all over the country.
Moss graduated from Gonzaga University with a BA in Criminal Justice. He worked for Ernst & Young, LLP in their Information System Security division and was a director at Secure Computing Corporation where he helped establish the Professional Services Department in the United States, Asia, and Australia.
Security conferences
In 1993 he created the first DEF CON hacker convention, based around a party for members of a Fido hacking network in Canada. It slowly grew, and by 1999 was attracting major attention.
In 1997 he created Black Hat Briefings computer security conference that brings together a variety of people interested in information security. He sold Black Hat in 2005 to CMP Media, a subsidiary of UK-based United Business Media, for a reported $13.9 million USD. DEF CON was not included in the sale.
In 2018 Jeff launched the first DEF CON hacker convention outside of the United States. Holding the same name DEF CON China was hosted in Beijing, China and Co-Hosted by Baidu. The first year of DEF CON China was labeled a [Beta] year, and in 2019 they formalized the conference with DEF CON China 1.0
Later career
Moss is a member and regular attendee of the Washington D.C. based Council on Foreign Relations (CFR), an independent, nonpartisan membership organization, think tank, and publisher.
In 2009 Moss was sworn into the Homeland Security Advisory Council of the Barack Obama administration.
On April 28 2011 Jeff Moss was appointed ICANN Chief Security Officer.
In July 2012, Secretary Janet Napolitano directed the Homeland Security Advisory Council to form the Task Force on CyberSkills in response to the increasing demand for the best and brightest in the cybersecurity field across industry, academia and government. The Task Force, co-chaired by Jeff Moss and Alan Paller, conducted extensive interviews with experts from government, the private sector, and academia in developing its recommendations to grow the advanced technical skills of the DHS cybersecurity workforce and expand the national pipeline of men and women with these cybersecurity skills. On October 1, the HSAC unanimously approved sending the Task Force recommendations to the Secretary.
In October 2013, Jeff announced that he would be stepping down from his position at ICANN at the end of 2013.
In 2013, Jeff was appointed as a Nonresident Senior Fellow at the Atlantic Council, associated with the Cyber Statecraft Initiative, within the Brent Scowcroft Center on International Security.
In 2014, Jeff joined the Georgetown University School of Law School |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandrouli | Aleksandrouli () is a Georgian red grape variety.
History
The grape is reputed to be one of the oldest and greatest of the Georgian varieties, but is also reported by the Geilweilerhof database as a selected seedling of Muscat of Alexandria. This may reflect two varieties, the Alexandrouli wine grape and the table grape Alexandriuli Muscat.
Distribution and wines
Used in Georgia to produce a semi-sweet red wine known as Khvanchkara or as a medium bodied, semi-dry, chewy blend (with Mujuretuli) having good acids and claimed to have aroma flavours reminiscent of pomegranates.
Vine and viticulture
The grape seems to prefer the wetter western half of Georgia.
Synonyms
Alexandrouli is also known under the synonyms Aleksandroouly, Aleksandrouli, Aleksandrouli Shavi, Alexandreouli, Alexandroouli, Alexandrouli, Kabistona, and Kabistoni.
See also
Georgian wine
List of Georgian wine appellations
References
External links
Picture
Georgian wine
Red wine grape varieties |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/StarStruck%20%28Philippine%20TV%20program%29 | StarStruck is a Philippine television reality talent competition show broadcast by GMA Network. Originally hosted by Dingdong Dantes and Nancy Castiglione, it premiered on October 27, 2003 on the network's Telebabad line up. The show has aired seven seasons and 538 episodes. Dantes and Jennylyn Mercado served as the final hosts for the show's most recent season.
Hosts
Dingdong Dantes
Nancy Castiglione
Jolina Magdangal
Raymond Gutierrez
Carla Abellana
Dennis Trillo
Megan Young
Jennylyn Mercado
Segment hosts
Mark Herras
LJ Reyes
Arci Muñoz
Paulo Avelino
Miguel Tanfelix
Kris Bernal
Rocco Nacino
Kyline Alcantara
Judges
Joey de Leon
Joyce E. Bernal
Ida Henares
Christopher de Leon
Louie Ignacio
Lorna Tolentino
Douglas Quijano
Floy Quintos
Lolit Solis
Sunshine Dizon
Iza Calzado
Jennylyn Mercado
Regine Velasquez
Dingdong Dantes
Heart Evangelista
Cherie Gil
Jose Manalo
Seasons
Season 1
The first season of StarStruck, premiered on October 27, 2003. Hosted by Dingdong Dantes and Nancy Castiglione, The council was composed of Joey de Leon, Joyce Bernal and Ida Henares. The season ended with 71 episodes on February 1, 2004.
The first ever Ultimate Survivors were Mark Herras of San Pablo City, Laguna as the Ultimate Male Survivor and Jennylyn Mercado of Las Piñas as the Ultimate Female Survivor.
Season 2
The second season of StarStruck, premiered on October 11, 2004. Hosted by Dingdong Dantes with the StarStruck Kids host, Jolina Magdangal, The council was composed of Joey de Leon, Christopher de Leon and Louie Ignacio. There were slight changes made in the council, Joyce Bernal was replaced by Louie Ignacio. The season ended with 96 episodes on February 20, 2005.
The Ultimate Survivors were Mike Tan of Angono, Rizal as the Ultimate Male Survivor and Ryza Cenon of Gapan, Nueva Ecija as the Ultimate Female Survivor.
Season 3
The third season of StarStruck, aka (StarStruck: The Nationwide Invasion) premiered on November 28, 2005. Hosted by Dingdong Dantes, Jolina Magdangal and Raymond Gutierrez, The council was composed of Joey de Leon, Louie Ignacio and Lorna Tolentino. The season ended with 77 episodes on March 12, 2006.
The Ultimate Survivors were Marky Cielo of Bauko, Mountain Province as the Ultimate Male Survivor and Jackie Rice of Olongapo City, Zambales as the Ultimate Female Survivor and the first ever Ultimate Sole Survivor, won by Marky Cielo.
Season 4
The fourth season of StarStruck, aka (StarStruck: The Next Level) premiered on December 4, 2006. Hosted by Dingdong Dantes, Jolina Magdangal and Raymond Gutierrez, The council was composed of Louie Ignacio, Lorna Tolentino and Douglas Quiano. The season ended with 91 episodes on March 25, 2007.
The newest titles of Ultimate Survivors were won by Jewel Mische of Bocaue, Bulacan as the Ultimate Sweetheart, Aljur Abrenica of Angeles City, Pampanga as the Ultimate Hunk, and Mart Escudero of General Mariano Alvarez, Cavite and |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United%20States%20Eye%20Injury%20Registry | The United States Eye Injury Registry is an American national database of eye injuries.
External links
Official website
Vision |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ERAMS | ERAMS (e-resource access and management services) are a way of thinking about library management to help libraries optimize the access, usage, data, and workflows of electronic library collections in the physical and digital library.
Background
Electronic resources, particularly electronic journals and ebooks, can be viewed as an integral part of library collections. Recent studies have shown that not only are libraries acquiring significant amounts of digital content, but also that this content is both replacing and eclipsing traditional media.
Scholarly communication, particularly how libraries deliver and consume information, has changed as a result of the Web. With the majority of library catalogs and electronic collections now accessible online, either remotely or via public terminals in libraries, patron preference also tends toward electronic journal usage. The most-cited reasons for preferring electronic journals include ease of access, ease of printing, and ease of searching.
It is common for libraries to seek solutions to address new issues broached by electronic resources and electronic access to the library. These solutions are typically software (and hardware) to help librarians track and serve information digitally, thereby maintaining the library’s relevance as a research partner when competing with freely available information on the Web. E-resource access and management services (ERAMS) are one such category of solution.
Overview
E-resource access and management services (ERAMS) are a new business category of library services designed specifically to make electronic collections accessible for patrons and manageable for librarians so that libraries can realize the full use and value of their e-resource purchases.
ERAMS is designed to be used in library planning and budgeting to help libraries continue to provide electronic resources effectively to aid patron research.
Many products and services fall into the broad category of ERAMS: A-to-Z title lists, OpenURL link resolvers, federated search services, MARC records services, electronic resource management (ERM) applications, and more.
Key principles
The foundations of ERAMS are a clear focus on electronic resources and an accurate and comprehensive knowledge base of local library holdings. Companies that provide ERAMS often focus on web-native and Web 2.0 technology to provide fully integrated and interoperable products. There are four essential processes for delivering effective ERAMS:
Collect an e-resource knowledge base
Correct the knowledge base to maintain accuracy
Connect people with answers using the best method
Control budgets, collections, and workflows to optimize value
See also
Integrated library system
Library 2.0
Library collection development
Online public access catalog (OPAC)
References
Institute for the Future, the (2002) Final Synthesis Report of the e-Journal User Study, December 2002
Waltham, M., Hey, T., and Lynch, C., (2006) H |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WSUI | WSUI (910 AM) is a public radio station in Iowa City, Iowa. It is owned by Iowa Public Radio, Inc. and is a member of Iowa Public Radio's news network. Its signal serves most of eastern Iowa. WSUI is one of two National Public Radio member stations in the region, along with 90.9 KUNI in Cedar Falls. WSUI's sister station is classical music outlet 91.7 KSUI.
WSUI's studios and offices are on Grand Avenue in Des Moines. The transmitter is off Sand Road SE in Hills, Iowa.
History
Experimental years
WSUI got its start in 1911, prior to the era of broadcast radio, operating a "wireless telegraph" transmitter under the experimental radio call sign 9YA. It began airing voice broadcasts in 1919, and was granted a full license on June 26, 1922, originally as WHAA.
WSUI may be the oldest educational station west of the Mississippi River. It was one of several AM stations opened by Midwestern universities in the early days of radio, along with Iowa State University's WOI, which also began Morse code transmissions in 1911, the University of Minnesota's KUOM and St. Louis University's WEW in 1912 and the University of Wisconsin's WHA in 1915.
The station's call sign, 9YA (the "Y" in the call sign indicating operation under a Technical and Training School license) was in use by the State University of Iowa—now the University of Iowa—since 1915, starting sometime after the installation of the university's first Morse code transmitter in 1913. As of 1916, university electrical engineering students were operating a 2,000 watt spark gap transmitter at a 750-meter wavelength that could be heard 1000 miles away, with two-way communications taking place within a 500-mile radius. The station aired 300-word lessons on a regular schedule that dealt with wireless communication.
Early sound broadcasts
Carl Menzer, whose interest in wireless began at his high school in Lone Tree, entered the State University of Iowa as a freshman in 1917, and later became station director for WHAA/WSUI, a position he held until his retirement in 1968. After the World War I moratorium on radio transmission was lifted in 1919, Menzer brought vacuum tube technology to 9YA, signaling the start of regularly scheduled voice and music broadcasts.
The first "radio telephone" station, built using two donated experimental vacuum tubes, required use of two microphones for voice and for pickup of a windup phonograph. The microphones were swapped frequently when the one in use became too hot to touch due to high current. In spite of audio quality and technical issues, the station gained a following among a collection of crystal radio enthusiasts. Within two years, it had inspired sufficient interest to cause State University of Iowa President Walter A. Jessup and other educators to envision the feasibility of advanced study in broadcasting. That led to an application for a university broadcast license. On June 26, 1922, the call sign WHAA was assigned. By the end of September, test transmissions |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tennessee%20Baptist%20Mission%20Board | The Tennessee Baptist Mission Board (formerly Executive Board of the Tennessee Baptist Convention) is the Tennessee mission board that serves the statewide network of churches that comprise the Tennessee Baptist Convention. It maintains offices in Franklin, Tennessee. Members include 66 Baptist associations and about 3,200 churches.
Other ministries
The convention operates two camp/conference centers. The Linden Valley Baptist Conference Center, commonly called Camp Linden, is located in Linden, Tennessee. The Carson Springs Baptist Conference Center, commonly called Camp Carson, is located in Newport, Tennessee.
The Tennessee Baptist Mission Board publishes a bi-weekly state newspaper called The Baptist & Reflector. It features editorials by Baptist leaders, as well as features about Baptist work around the world. It also features stories about the work of local Tennessee churches.
As with all Southern Baptist state conventions, the Woman's Missionary Union, or WMU, is a part of churches statewide as well as the convention.
The Royal Ambassadors, or RAs, are a part of Southern Baptist churches across Tennessee.
The Tennessee Baptist Mission Board coordinates statewide events such as the annual Youth Evangelism Conference, the annual Missions Get-Together, women's ministry events, the National Day of Prayer, the Tennessee Men's Chorale & Ladies Chorus, Sunday school training events, Bible Drill competitions, numerous missions & ministries, disaster relief, chaplains, as well as numerous children's ministry opportunities.
Affiliated educational institutions include Carson-Newman University, Union University, and Harrison-Chilhowee Baptist Academy. The Tennessee Baptist Convention also supports health systems in the Knoxville and Memphis areas.
Affiliated organizations
Baptist Memorial Health Care System, Inc
Tennessee Baptist Adult Homes
Tennessee Baptist Children's Homes
The Tennessee Baptist Foundation offers investment management services to the Tennessee Baptist Mission Board, associations, and member churches.
References
External links
Tennessee Baptist Mission Board
Baptist Christianity in Tennessee
Conventions associated with the Southern Baptist Convention |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breitbart%20News | Breitbart News Network (known commonly as Breitbart News, Breitbart, or Breitbart.com) is an American far-right syndicated news, opinion, and commentary website founded in mid-2007 by American conservative commentator Andrew Breitbart. Its content has been described as misogynistic, xenophobic, and racist by academics and journalists. The site has published a number of conspiracy theories and intentionally misleading stories. Posts originating from the Breitbart News Facebook page are among the most widely shared political content on Facebook.
Initially conceived as "the Huffington Post of the right", Breitbart News later aligned with the alt-right, the European populist right, and the pan-European nationalist identitarian movement under the management of former executive chairman Steve Bannon, who declared the website "the platform for the alt-right" in 2016. Breitbart News became a virtual rallying spot for supporters of Donald Trump's 2016 presidential campaign. The company's management, together with former staff member Milo Yiannopoulos, solicited ideas for stories from, and worked to advance and market ideas of neo-Nazi and white supremacist groups and individuals. After the election, more than 2,000 organizations removed Breitbart News from ad buys following Internet activism campaigns denouncing the site's controversial positions. Breitbart News has promoted climate change denial and COVID-19 misinformation.
The company is headquartered in Los Angeles, with bureaus in Texas, London, and Jerusalem. Co-founder Larry Solov is the co-owner (along with Andrew Breitbart's widow Susie Breitbart and the Mercer family) and CEO, while Alex Marlow is the editor-in-chief, Wynton Hall is managing editor, and Joel Pollak and Peter Schweizer are senior editors-at-large.
History
2005–2012: creation and early years
Andrew Breitbart launched Breitbart.com as a news aggregator in 2005. The website featured direct links to wire stories at the Associated Press, Reuters, Fox News, the New York Post, TMZ as well as a number of other outlets. The website's initial growth was largely fueled by links from the Drudge Report. In 2007, Breitbart.com launched a video blog, Breitbart.tv.
According to co-founder Larry Solov, the two men were in agreement that the site should be "unapologetically pro-freedom and pro-Israel" during their visit to Israel in 2007. In August 2010, Andrew Breitbart told the Associated Press that he was "committed to the destruction of the old media guard." As part of that commitment, he founded Breitbart.com, a website designed to become "the Huffington Post of the right" according to Breitbart Newss former executive chairman, Steve Bannon. Breitbart News exclusively re-posted the Anthony Weiner sexting scandal, the resignation of Shirley Sherrod, and the ACORN 2009 undercover videos controversy. Following Andrew Breitbart's death in 2012, the site was redesigned, bringing the formerly distinct "Big" websites under one umbrella website |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse-delete%20algorithm | The reverse-delete algorithm is an algorithm in graph theory used to obtain a minimum spanning tree from a given connected, edge-weighted graph. It first appeared in , but it should not be confused with Kruskal's algorithm which appears in the same paper. If the graph is disconnected, this algorithm will find a minimum spanning tree for each disconnected part of the graph. The set of these minimum spanning trees is called a minimum spanning forest, which contains every vertex in the graph.
This algorithm is a greedy algorithm, choosing the best choice given any situation. It is the reverse of Kruskal's algorithm, which is another greedy algorithm to find a minimum spanning tree. Kruskal’s algorithm starts with an empty graph and adds edges while the Reverse-Delete algorithm starts with the original graph and deletes edges from it. The algorithm works as follows:
Start with graph G, which contains a list of edges E.
Go through E in decreasing order of edge weights.
For each edge, check if deleting the edge will further disconnect the graph.
Perform any deletion that does not lead to additional disconnection.
Pseudocode
function ReverseDelete(edges[] E) is
sort E in decreasing order
Define an index i ← 0
while i < size(E) do
Define edge ← E[i]
delete E[i]
if graph is not connected then
E[i] ← edge
i ← i + 1
return edges[] E
In the above the graph is the set of edges E with each edge containing a weight and connected vertices v1 and v2.
Example
In the following example green edges are being evaluated by the algorithm and red edges have been deleted.
Running time
The algorithm can be shown to run in O(E log V (log log V)3) time (using big-O notation), where E is the number of edges and V is the number of vertices. This bound is achieved as follows:
Sorting the edges by weight using a comparison sort takes O(E log E) time, which can be simplified to O(E log V) using the fact that the largest E can be is V2.
There are E iterations of the loop.
Deleting an edge, checking the connectivity of the resulting graph, and (if it is disconnected) re-inserting the edge can be done in O(logV (log log V)3) time per operation .
Proof of correctness
It is recommended to read the proof of the Kruskal's algorithm first.
The proof consists of two parts. First, it is proved that the edges that remain after the algorithm is applied form a spanning tree. Second, it is proved that the spanning tree is of minimal weight.
Spanning tree
The remaining sub-graph (g) produced by the algorithm is not disconnected since the algorithm checks for that in line 7. The result sub-graph cannot contain a cycle since if it does then when moving along the edges we would encounter the max edge in the cycle and we would delete that edge. Thus g must be a spanning tree of the main graph G.
Minimality
We show that the following proposition P is true by induction: If F is the set of edges |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CHLM-FM | CHLM-FM is a Canadian radio station, broadcasting at 90.7 FM in Rouyn-Noranda, Quebec. The station broadcasts the programming of the Ici Radio-Canada Première network.
History
In 1976, then-owner Radio-Nord Communications was granted a license from the CRTC, in which the station would operate as Radio-Canada's private affiliate of what was then called "Première Chaîne"; also included was a rebroadcaster, CHLM-FM-1 at Lithium Mines, serving nearby Val-d'Or, operating on 97.3 MHz with effective radiated power of 52,000 watts. In 1979, CHLM-FM-1 was authorized to move to 103.5 MHz and to increase effective radiated power to 55,300 watts.
CHLM-FM and CHLM-FM-1 signed on the air by 1980; eventually, CHLM-FM-1's city of license would have changed to Amos, and broadcasting on another different frequency, 91.5 MHz.
On September 7, 1989, the station was denied a licence to add a transmitter at Ville-Marie, Quebec on 100.5 MHz. In 2002, the CBC would add a transmitter of their own serving Ville-Marie, CBFY-FM 89.1, rebroadcasting CHLM-FM.
In February 2000, CHLM-FM and CHLM-FM-1 became full-time re-broadcasters of the Radio-Canada network.
It was directly acquired by the CBC in 2004.
Programming
The station's local programs are Des matins en or, and Région Zéro 8 in the afternoons. On public holidays, its local programs are replaced with local shows airing provincewide (Quebec) produced by different outlets in turn (except Montreal and Quebec City). The Saturday morning program, Samedi et rien d'autre, originates from CBF-FM Montreal.
Transmitters
On October 17, 1986 the CRTC approved the CBC's application to change CBF-3's frequency from 1400 to 650 kHz.
On July 29, 2010, the CRTC approved the application to transfer transmitters CBF-1, CBF-3 and CBF-4 from CBF-FM Montreal to CHLM-FM.
On March 8, 2017, the CBC applied to convert CBF-1 710 to 95.9 MHz with the proposed callsign CBF-FM-1.
On March 9, 2017, the CBC applied to convert CBF-3 650 to 94.9 MHz with the proposed callsign CBF-FM-3. The CBC received approval to convert both CBF-1 Senneterre and CBF-3 Lebel-sur-Quévillon to the FM band on August 17, 2017.
On December 5, 2018, the CBC applied to convert CBF-4 to 97.7 MHz with the proposed callsign CBF-FM-4. The CRTC approved the CBC's application to convert CBF-4 to the FM band on February 15, 2019.
References
External links
Ici Radio-Canada Première
CHLM-FM history – Canadian Communications Foundation
Hlm
Hlm
Hlm
Radio stations established in 1976
1976 establishments in Quebec |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shogun%20%28toolbox%29 | Shogun is a free, open-source machine learning software library written in C++. It offers numerous algorithms and data structures for machine learning problems. It offers interfaces for Octave, Python, R, Java, Lua, Ruby and C# using SWIG.
It is licensed under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 3 or later.
Description
The focus of Shogun is on kernel machines such as support vector machines for regression and classification problems. Shogun also offers a full implementation of Hidden Markov models.
The core of Shogun is written in C++ and offers interfaces for MATLAB, Octave, Python, R, Java, Lua, Ruby and C#.
Shogun has been under active development since 1999. Today there is a vibrant user community all over the world using Shogun as a base for research and education, and contributing to the core package.
Supported algorithms
Currently Shogun supports the following algorithms:
Support vector machines
Dimensionality reduction algorithms, such as PCA, Kernel PCA, Locally Linear Embedding, Hessian Locally Linear Embedding, Local Tangent Space Alignment, Linear Local Tangent Space Alignment, Kernel Locally Linear Embedding, Kernel Local Tangent Space Alignment, Multidimensional Scaling, Isomap, Diffusion Maps, Laplacian Eigenmaps
Online learning algorithms such as SGD-QN, Vowpal Wabbit
Clustering algorithms: k-means and GMM
Kernel Ridge Regression, Support Vector Regression
Hidden Markov Models
K-Nearest Neighbors
Linear discriminant analysis
Kernel Perceptrons.
Many different kernels are implemented, ranging from kernels for numerical data (such as gaussian or linear kernels) to kernels on special data (such as strings over certain alphabets). The currently implemented kernels for numeric data include:
linear
gaussian
polynomial
sigmoid kernels
The supported kernels for special data include:
Spectrum
Weighted Degree
Weighted Degree with Shifts
The latter group of kernels allows processing of arbitrary sequences over fixed alphabets such as DNA sequences as well as whole e-mail texts.
Special features
As Shogun was developed with bioinformatics applications in mind it is capable of processing huge datasets consisting of up to 10 million samples.
Shogun supports the use of pre-calculated kernels. It is also possible to use a combined kernel i.e. a kernel consisting of a linear combination of arbitrary kernels over different domains. The coefficients or weights of the linear combination can be learned as well. For this purpose Shogun offers a multiple kernel learning functionality.
References
S. Sonnenburg, G. Rätsch, S. Henschel, C. Widmer, J. Behr, A. Zien, F. De Bona, A. Binder, C. Gehl and V. Franc: The SHOGUN Machine Learning Toolbox, Journal of Machine Learning Research, 11:1799−1802, June 11, 2010.
M. Gashler. Waffles: A Machine Learning Toolkit. Journal of Machine Learning Research, 12 (July):2383–2387, 2011.
P. Vincent, Y. Bengio, N. Chapados, and O. Delalleau. Plearn high-performance machine le |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zebra%20striping%20%28computer%20graphics%29 | Zebra striping is the coloring of every other row of a table to make it easier to read. Although zebra striping has been used for a long time to improve readability, there is relatively little data on how much it helps.
CSS
Zebra striping can be implemented using Cascading Style Sheets (CSS).
Shading technique
The term zebra striping is also used for a diagnostic shading technique used in computer graphics to visualize curvature on smooth surfaces. It is primarily used for computer aided design (CAD), where it helps checking that surfaces meet smoothly. It is a simulation of the visual effect of placing an object in a tunnel lit by parallel rows of lights, or a perfectly reflecting object in a room with striped walls. It has been implemented in a number of CAD and non-CAD products, including (but not limited to) Fusion 360, Autodesk Inventor, AutoCAD, Rhinoceros 3D, and Maya.
It can be implemented as an environment map using radiating pie wedges as the source texture.
See also
Checkerboard
Green bar paper, continuous sheets pre-printed with green rows, once-common stationery used when physically printing tabular data
Level-set method
References
Shading |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alex%20Dreier | Alexander M. Dreier (June 26, 1916 – March 11, 2000) was an American news reporter and commentator who worked with NBC Radio during the 1940s, and later with the ABC Information Radio network in the 1960s and early 1970s. Dreier then became an actor and appeared in a number of TV series and films.
Early years
Born in Honolulu, Hawaii, Dreier attended Stanford University, graduating in 1939. He then went into journalism, and was covering Berlin for United Press when he joined NBC in 1941. During his year in Berlin he was under surveillance by the Gestapo, and he left the city one day before the Pearl Harbor attack.
His commentary aired on NBC on Saturdays from 1942 to 1945 and weekdays from 1951 to 1956. Known as Chicago's "Man on the Go," Dreier was the city's top TV anchor during his years on NBC-owned WNBQ-TV, serving as a news reporter and anchor. He also handled news for NBC-TV's Today on the Farm from 1960–61. He was replaced as WMAQ anchor by Floyd Kalber in 1962; he then moved to ABC owned-and-operated WBKB-TV.
From 1959 to 1964, Dreier also co-hosted the television program Championship Bridge with Charles Goren. These can still be seen on the Arts Channel of TV4U.com.
Later years
Dreier moved to California in 1967, where he worked in Los Angeles for KTTV and also began a career as an actor in many films such as The Boston Strangler (1968), Chandler (1971), The Carey Treatment (1972), The Loners (1972), Lady Cocoa (1975) and The Astral Factor (1978), and TV shows, including Mannix, Kojak, Land of the Giants, Hart to Hart and Love, American Style between 1968 and 1979. He served as chairman of the board for the Annenberg Center for Health Sciences and as a board member of the Eisenhower Medical Center. In 1989, he was inducted into the Illinois Broadcasters Hall of Fame.
Philanthropy
Dreier served on the boards of trustees of institutions including Shimer College and the Eisenhower Medical Center.
Death
Dreier died on March 11, 2000, in Rancho Mirage, California. He is buried in Desert Memorial Park in Cathedral City, California.
Filmography
References
External links
Reaction of children listening to Alex Dreier during WWII
American broadcast news analysts
Stanford University alumni
1916 births
2000 deaths
Burials at Desert Memorial Park |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport%20in%20Aberdeen | The network of transportation in Aberdeen is extensive and diversified, like that of many comparably sized cities.
As an ancient city, Aberdeen maintains historic infrastructure features such as the Brig o' Balgownie and the Bridge of Dee. The advent of cars since has seen the creation of higher-capacity, modern infrastructure such as the Anderson Drive dual carriageway and the Haudagain Roundabout.
Airport and heliport
Aberdeen Airport, in the neighbouring town of Dyce, serves primarily UK and European destinations for passenger and freight flights. It is also the busiest helicopter terminal in the world, serving the many North Sea oil offshore installations. Via commercial airlines, connections are available via London Heathrow and Amsterdam airports to many worldwide destinations. The IATA airport code for the airport is ABZ. A regular airport bus service (route 727 operated by Stagecoach Bluebird) connects the airport directly with the city centre at Broad Street and the bus and railway stations at Union Square.
Railway
Historical
Aberdeen was connected to the railway network from the south with the opening of Aberdeen Ferryhill railway station in 1850. Three years later, the Deeside Railway opened and the following year the railway was extended to Guild Street. From the north, the Great North of Scotland Railway opened its terminus at Kittybrewster in 1854. A new terminus, Aberdeen Waterloo, opened two years later. The two railways weren't connected until 1867 when the Joint station opened at the site of the present day Aberdeen railway station.
Aberdeen formerly had a suburban rail service affectionately known as the "subbie" which operated between Culter and Dyce. The service to Dyce began on 1 July 1887 and the service to Culter began seven years later. These services were withdrawn on 3 April 1937.
As with many parts of the UK rail network, several lines out of Aberdeen were closed in the 1960s. For example, the Deeside Railway which ran west of the city to Ballater opened in 1853 but the Beeching Report led to the closure of the line in 1966. The line is now a popular walk and cycle route, the Deeside Way. Further lines running north to the commuter town of Ellon and to Peterhead were also closed around this time.
Present day
There are two railway stations in Aberdeen. The main city-centre station is located on Guild Street, adjacent to Union Square which offers a covered interchange with the bus station. The only other station in Aberdeen City is Dyce to the north.
ScotRail services connect Aberdeen to six of the seven other Scottish cities, including Edinburgh and Glasgow, and many intermediate destinations. These services make use of the Dundee–Aberdeen line and Aberdeen–Inverness line. There are no direct train services between Aberdeen and Dunfermline. High-speed inter-city services operated by London North Eastern Railway connect Aberdeen to London via Edinburgh in just over seven hours on the East Coast Main Line. A reg |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WikiProfessional | WikiProfessional (Wiki for Professionals) was an attempt to create a web-based research environment for semantic searching, providing an intuitive tool for analyzing and relating concepts.
When data is entered, the system semantically analyzed and recognized co-occurrences between different entities. The results were visualized through a "Knowlet," which is a visual representation of semantic distance between associated entities. This Knowlet is then used to notify persons that have subscribed to these entities, enabling a rapid data interchange between collaborators.
The major focus was proteins, using a portal named WikiProteins. It contained over a hundred million entries, "melding some of the key biomedical databases into a single information resource".
Sources included:
245,000 Proteins from UniProt/Swiss-Prot
24,000 Gene Ontology terms from the GO Consortium
880,000 Concepts from UMLS/NLM
112,000,000 Unique sentences from Medline
The project never passed the open beta test phase. It was operated by Knewco and led by initiator Barend Mons, a bioinformatician at the Erasmus MC and Leiden University Medical Centre. Knewco was intending to profit from WikiProfessionals by charging some users (such as drug firms) for "premium services", for example incorporating a private version of the system with in-house data.
After the project disappeared, a group called the Concept Web Alliance formed to try to rebuild a similarly linked database. This became ConceptWiki and the Nanopublication metadata format.
References
Free-content websites
Wikis
Defunct websites |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal%20identifier | Personal Identifiers (PID) are a subset of personally identifiable information (PII) data elements, which identify an individual and can permit another person to “assume” that individual's identity without their knowledge or consent.
Identifiers can be sensitive and non-sensitive, depending on whether it is a direct identifier that is uniquely associated with a person or a quasi-identifier that is not unique. A quasi-identifier cannot pin down an individual alone - it has to be combined with other identifiers.
Examples of PID
Privately issued ID credentials
Benefit plan participation number
Private health care authorization, access, or identification number
Transactional financial account numbers
Bank account number
Credit or debit card account number
Personal identification number (PIN)
taxpayer identification number
Biometric identifiers
Fingerprint or voiceprint
Iris or retina scans
DNA
Health or medical information
National Health certificate number
Electronic identification credentials
Digital certificates
Passwords
Full Date of Birth
Month, day and year
European-defined sensitive data
Treated as PID globally, not just for citizens of the EU
Racial or ethnic origin
Political opinions
Religious or philosophical beliefs
Trade-union membership
Health or sex life
Offenses, criminal convictions, or security measures
Proceedings from crimes or offenses
See also
National identification number
Identity score
References
Personal life
Identity documents
Privacy |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Channel%2080 | Channel 80 has been used regarding:
A computer interface: see AT Attachment.''
A former NTSC-M channel, removed from television use in 1983 and originally used by stations in North America which broadcast on 866-872 MHz. In the United States, channels 70-83 served primarily as a "translator band" of small repeater transmitters rebroadcasting existing stations.
Stations
Many of these stations are now defunct, the rest have been moved to lower frequencies:
CHAU-TV (TVA Carleton) rebroadcaster CJAO-TV-1 Percé, Québec, replaced by CHAU-TV-5 on channel 13 and later channel 11.
KATU-TV (ABC Portland) rebroadcaster K80BL Rockaway, Oregon was moved to K47CD channel 47.
KRQE-TV (CBS Albuquerque) rebroadcasters K80AC Truth or Consequences, New Mexico and K80BH Farmington, New Mexico were moved to K25HV (now K25HV-D) channel 25 and K21AX channel 21 respectively.
KAMR-TV (NBC Albuquerque) rebroadcaster K80AB Tucumcari, New Mexico was moved to K50CX channel 50.
KFDA-TV (CBS Amarillo) rebroadcaster K80AU Memphis, Texas was moved to K42AL channel 42.
KOIN-TV (CBS Portland) rebroadcaster K80BA The Dalles, Oregon moved to K64BK channel 64.
KSL-TV (NBC Salt Lake City) rebroadcaster K80AN Fillmore, Utah moved to K38GT channel 38.
KTVX-TV (ABC Salt Lake City) rebroadcaster K80AI Ely, Nevada has moved to K30CN channel 30.
KUED-TV (PBS Salt Lake City) rebroadcaster K80BY Kanab, Utah moved to K07ES channel 7.
KWTV-TV (CBS Oklahoma City) rebroadcaster K80BT Seiling, Oklahoma moved to K57EA channel 57.
WJAC-TV (NBC Johnstown) rebroadcaster W80AD Moorefield, West Virginia has moved to W54BG channel 54.
References
80 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Event%20condition%20action | Event condition action (ECA) is a short-cut for referring to the structure of active rules in event-driven architecture and active database systems.
Such a rule traditionally consisted of three parts:
The event part specifies the signal that triggers the invocation of the rule
The condition part is a logical test that, if satisfied or evaluates to true, causes the action to be carried out
The action part consists of updates or invocations on the local data
This structure was used by the early research in active databases which started to use the term ECA. Current state of the art ECA rule engines use many variations on rule structure. Also other features not considered by the early research is introduced, such as strategies for event selection into the event part.
In a memory-based rule engine, the condition could be some tests on local data and actions could be updates to object attributes. In a database system, the condition could simply be a query to the database, with the result set (if not null) being passed to the action part for changes to the database. In either case, actions could also be calls to external programs or remote procedures.
Note that for database usage, updates to the database are regarded as internal events. As a consequence, the execution of the action part of an active rule can match the event part of the same or another active rule, thus triggering it. The equivalent in a memory-based rule engine would be to invoke an external method that caused an external event to trigger another ECA rule.
ECA rules can also be used in rule engines that use variants of the Rete algorithm for rule processing.
ECA rule engines
Rulecore
Concurrent Rules
Apart Database
Detect Invocation Rules
ConceptBase ECArules
References
Klaus R. Dittrich, Stella Gatziu, Andreas Geppert: The Active Database Management System Manifesto: A Rulebase of ADBMS Features. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 985, Springer 1995, , pages 3–20.
Databases
Rule engines |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel%20I/O | Parallel I/O, in the context of a computer, means the performance of multiple input/output operations at the same time, for instance simultaneously outputs to storage devices and display devices. It is a fundamental feature of operating systems.
One particular instance is parallel writing of data to disk; when file data is spread across multiple disks, for example in a RAID array, one can store multiple parts of the data at the same time, thereby achieving higher write speeds than with a single device.
Other ways of parallel access to data include: Parallel Virtual File System, Lustre, GFS etc.
Features
Scientific computing
It is used for scientific computing and not for databases. It breaks up support into multiple layers including High level I/O library, Middleware layer and Parallel file system. Parallel File System manages the single view, maintains logical space and provides access to data files.
Storage
A single file may be stripped across one or more object storage target, which increases the bandwidth while accessing the file and available disk space. The caches are larger in Parallel I/O and shared through distributed memory systems.
Breakthroughs
Companies have been running Parallel I/O on their servers to achieve results with regard to price and performance. Parallel processing is especially critical for scientific calculations where applications are not only CPU but also are I/O bound.
See also
Converged infrastructure
Dynamic infrastructure
References
Concurrency (computer science)
Input/output |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oracle%20SOA%20Suite | In computing, Oracle SOA Suite is a part of the Oracle Fusion Middleware family of software products.
Features
Features include deploying, and managing SOAs. Oracle SOA Suite enables system developers to set up and manage services and to orchestrate them into composite applications and business processes. With Oracle SOA Suite's hot-pluggable components, organizations can easily extend and evolve their architectures instead of replacing existing investments.
Oracle Corporation publishes product strategy, product details and customer stories relating to the SOA Suite at https://www.oracle.com/integration/products.
As of November 2010 Oracle Corporation markets Oracle SOA Suite version 11g Release 1 Patchset 2 (11.1.1.3).
As of January 2011 Oracle Corporation markets Oracle SOA Suite version 11g Release 1 Patchset 3 (11.1.1.4).
As of April 2013 Oracle Corporation markets Oracle SOA Suite version 11g Release 1 Patchset 6 (11.1.1.7).
In June 2014 Oracle announced the release of SOA Suite 12c, promising "simplified cloud, mobile, on-premises, and Internet of Things (IoT) integration capabilities".
Components
Oracle BPEL Process Manager
Oracle Service Bus (OSB)
Oracle Event Processing
Oracle Web Services Manager, a security and monitoring product for web services
Oracle Business Rules, contains a JSR 94 Business rules engine
Oracle Business Activity Monitoring
Oracle Enterprise Service Bus (now known as the Mediator component)
Oracle JDeveloper
NOTE: * Oracle Service Registry is commonly associated with SOA Suite installations, but is not licensed as part of SOA Suite. Typically, it is purchased as a component of the SOA Governance Suite.
References
External links
Product page
SOA Suite
Enterprise application integration
Service-oriented architecture-related products |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MCV/Develop | MCV/Develop (formerly MCV and Market for Computer & Video Games) is a UK trade magazine that focuses on the business aspects of the video game industry. It is published monthly by Biz Media, a subsidiary of Datateam Media Group and is available in print and digitally. Originally named MCV, it absorbed the assets of sister magazines (including Develop) in 2018, and changed its name to MCV/Develop in 2019.
History
MCV was started in September 1998 by former Computer Trade Weekly (CTW) employees Stuart Dinsey, editor, Lisa Carter (then Foster), deputy editor, Alex Moreham (then Jarvis), sales manager and Dave Roberts. CTW was published weekly from September 1984 and by 1998 was the official newspaper for ELSPA (The European Leisure Software Publishers Association) and the creator and sponsor of ECTS (European Computer Trade Show). Stuart Dinsey left MCV in 2013 after selling it a year earlier. Stuart is currently chairman of Curve Digital and a board director of Ukie.
In November 2017, NewBay Media, the owner of MCV at the time, announced that the websites, magazines and events of sister magazines Develop and Esports Pro would be absorbed into MCV by early 2018, with the combined magazine moving to a monthly frequency. NewBay Media was acquired by Future Publishing in April 2018. In December 2018, Future opted to sell several of its business-to-business brands, including MCV, to Datateam Media Group. The deal was completed in January 2019, with Datateam forming a new subsidiary, named Biz Media, as parent for Future's former brands. In October that year, MCV was rebranded MCV/Develop to resurrect the Develop brand following its closure in 2018.
Seth Barton was editor of MCV/Develop from 2016 to 2021, when he left to join PlayStation; he was replaced by Richie Shoemaker on 1 November 2021.
MCV/Develop Awards
The MCV/Develop Awards are an annual award show, held since 2002, that is open to publishers, retail and distribution, with entries peer-voted and judged by an independent panel of specialists.
References
External links
Video game magazines published in the United Kingdom
Monthly magazines published in the United Kingdom
Magazines established in 1998
Professional and trade magazines |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notes%20on%20the%20Network | Notes on the Network is a publication of the American Telephone & Telegraph Company (AT&T) that outlines the state, technology, and operating principles of the public switched telephone network in the United States and Canada, and the other member regions of the North American Numbering Plan.
The origins of publication date back to the 1945 communications about Nationwide Operator Toll Dialing disseminated by AT&T to the Bell System companies and to the independent telephone operators via the Dial interexchange Committee of the United States Independent Telephone Association (USITA). In 1955, AT&T published the first extensive edition under the title Notes on Nationwide Dialing, which was updated the following year (1956) under the title Notes on Distance Dialing. Additional editions were issued in 1961, 1968, and 1975. The first use of the title Notes on the Network was for the 1980 edition.
After the breakup of AT&T and the Bell System, the document was maintained and published by Bell Communications Research (BELLCORE) in 1983, 1986, 1990, 1994, and 1997. The 1983 and 1986 versions were known as Notes on the BOC Intra-LATA Networks, while the 1990 and 1994 editions had the title BOC Notes on the LEC Networks. The 1997 issue was entitled Bellcore Notes on the Networks.
Through divestiture in 1999, Bellcore was renamed Telcordia. A new edition of the Notes (Issue 4) was published in 2000 as Telcordia Notes on the Networks, which is the most recent version, as of 2017. Between 1999 and 2002, Telcordia also published a series of twenty-one topic-specific modules, available individually or as a set, known as the Telcordia Notes On... Technology Series, which have also not been updated since.
In 1983, shortly before the 1984 divestiture of AT&T, Telecom-Canada published Digital Network Notes, an update and companion volume to the 1980 AT&T Notes on the Network, with more specific information for the Canadian territory. It provided a detailed analysis of the history of analog and digital telecommunications, and offered references for the design, implementation, and operation of digital networks.
See also
Original North American area codes
References
External links
Telcordia Notes on the Networks SR-2275 latest document version
Various old versions
Telecommunications standards |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shortest-path%20tree | In mathematics and computer science, a shortest-path tree rooted at a vertex v of a connected, undirected graph G is a spanning tree T of G, such that the path distance from root v to any other vertex u in T is the shortest path distance from v to u in G.
In connected graphs where shortest paths are well-defined (i.e. where there are no negative-length cycles), we may construct a shortest-path tree using the following algorithm:
Compute dist(u), the shortest-path distance from root v to vertex u in G using Dijkstra's algorithm or Bellman–Ford algorithm.
For all non-root vertices u, we can assign to u a parent vertex pu such that pu is connected to u, and that dist(pu) + edge_dist(pu,u) = dist(u). In case multiple choices for pu exist, choose pu for which there exists a shortest path from v to pu with as few edges as possible; this tie-breaking rule is needed to prevent loops when there exist zero-length cycles.
Construct the shortest-path tree using the edges between each node and its parent.
The above algorithm guarantees the existence of shortest-path trees. Like minimum spanning trees, shortest-path trees in general are not unique.
In graphs for which all edge weights are equal, shortest path trees coincide with breadth-first search trees.
In graphs that have negative cycles, the set of shortest simple paths from v to all other vertices do not necessarily form a tree.
For simple connected graphs, shortest-path trees can be used to suggest a non-linear relationship between two network centrality measures, closeness and degree. By assuming that the branches of the shortest-path trees are statistically similar for any root node in one network, one may show that the size of the branches depend only on the number of branches connected to the root vertex, i.e. to the degree of the root node. From this one deduces that the inverse of closeness, a length scale associated with each vertex, varies approximately linearly with the logarithm of degree. The relationship is not exact but it captures a correlation between closeness and degree in large number of networks constructed from real data and this success suggests that shortest-path trees can be a useful approximation in network analysis.
See also
Shortest path problem
References
References
Spanning tree |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submittals%20%28construction%29 | Submittals in construction management can include: shop drawings, material data, samples, and product data. Submittals are required primarily for the architect and engineer to verify that the correct products will be installed on the project.
This process also gives the architect and sub-consultants the opportunity to select colors, patterns, and types of material that were not chosen prior to completion of the construction drawings. This is not an occasion for the architect to select different materials than specified, but rather to clarify the selection within the quality level indicated in the specification and quantities shown on plans.
For materials requiring fabrication, such as reinforcing steel and structural steel, the architect and engineer need to verify details furnished by the fabricator as well as the required quantities are met. The details from the fabricator reflect both material availability and production expediency. One tragic example of a submitted alternate design is the suspension rod and bolting details resulting in the Hyatt Regency walkway collapse. The steel fabricator was unable to produce lengths of steel as originally designed and instead proposed using shorter lengths. The proposed alternate compounded the loads on the bolts, which resulted in the skywalks collapsing on July 17, 1981. 114 people were killed.
The contractor also uses this information in installation, using dimensions and installation data from the submittal. The construction documents, specifically the technical specifications, require the contractor to submit product data, samples, and shop drawings to the architect and engineer for approval. This is one of the first steps that is taken by the contractor after execution of the construction contract and issuance of the "Notice to Proceed".
The submittal process affects cost, quality, schedule, and project success. On large, commercial projects the submittal process can involve thousands of different materials, fabrications and equipment. Commercial buildings will often have complex pre-fabricated components. These include: elevators, windows, cabinets, air handling units, generators, appliances and cooling towers. These pieces of equipment often require close coordination to ensure that they receive the correct power, fuel, water and structural support. The submittal process gives another level of detail usually not included as part of the design documents.
An "approved" submittal authorizes quantity and quality of a material or an assembly to be released for fabrication and shipment. It ensures that the submittals have been properly vetted before final ordering. In essence, this is the final quality control mechanism before a product arrives on-site.
Types of Submittals
Product Data Submittal
The product data submittal usually consists of the manufacturer's product information. The information included in this submittal are:
Manufacturer, trade name, model or type number and quantiti |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ODW | ODW may refer to:
Open Desktop Workstation, a PowerPC based computer by Genesi
ODW, the IATA code for A.J. Eisenberg Airport, Washington, United States |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Via%20Net%20Loss | Via Net Loss (VNL) is a network architecture of telephone systems using circuit switching technologies deployed in the 1950s with Direct Distance Dialing and used until the late 1980s. The purpose of the VNL plan and a five-level long-distance switching hierarchy was to minimize the number of trunk circuits used during a call and maximize the voice quality achieved on each circuit. Excessive noise or loss meant that subscribers may have difficulty hearing each other. This was particularly important in the 1960s when dial-up data applications were developed using analog modems. The five levels of PSTN switching systems used with VNL were:
Class 1 - Regional long-distance switching systems
Class 2 - Sectional long-distance switching systems
Class 3 - Primary long-distance switching systems
Class 4 - Toll-access switching systems
Class 5 - End-office switching systems
Class 5 end-office switches provide local telephone service and dialtone to residential, business, and government subscribers, as well as telephone company payphones. Residential service includes message rate and flat rate local calling plans with extra charges for long-distance calls and supplementary services such as call waiting, 3-way calling, and call forwarding. Business service is mostly message rate local calling plans with extra charges for long distance and supplementary services. Message Rate calling means that subscribers pay for calls based on duration of the call and distance to the called party. Government subscribers include cities, counties, state, and federal agencies and often included Centrex service. Pay phones were traditionally provided exclusively by telephone companies but during the early 1980s Customer-owned coin-operated telephone services were established.
Class 4 toll access switches provide long-distance (toll) telephone service including intrastate calling and inter-state calling. Intrastate calls are generally more expensive than inter-state calls due to favorable tariffs with price plans approved by the Public Utilities Commission or Public Service Commission for each state. Inter-state calls are generally less expensive than intrastate calls since tariffs are filed with the Federal Communications Commission because of the inter-state commerce aspect of the service. Class 4 switches provide access to long-distance service in rural areas. In addition, Class 4 switches traditionally provided operator assisted calls such as person-to-person, collect, and calls billed to third parties. However, many operator services are now automated with minimum human intervention.
Class 3 primary switches provided the first layer of the AT&T long-distance switching network. VNL routing methods preferred trunk connections between Class 3 switches to minimize class 1 and class 2 connections. Class 3 switches also act as Service Switching Points or SSP's that provide access to Intelligent Network services such as Toll-Free, Virtual Private Network, Ca |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model-specific%20register | A model-specific register (MSR) is any of various control registers in the x86 system architecture used for debugging, program execution tracing, computer performance monitoring, and toggling certain CPU features.
History
With the introduction of the 80386 processor, Intel began introducing "experimental" features that would not necessarily be present in future versions of the processor. The first of these were two "test registers" (TR6 and TR7) that enabled testing of the processor's translation lookaside buffer (TLB); a special variant of the instruction allowed moving to and from the test registers. Three additional test registers followed in the 80486 (TR3–TR5) that enabled testing of the processor's caches for code and data. None of these five registers were implemented in the subsequent Pentium processor; the special variant of generated an invalid opcode exception.
With the introduction of the Pentium processor, Intel provided a pair of instructions ( and ) to access current and future "model-specific registers", as well as the instruction to determine which features are present on a particular model. Many of these registers have proven useful enough to be retained. Intel has classified these as architectural model-specific registers and has committed to their inclusion in future product lines.
Using MSRs
Reading and writing to these registers is handled by the rdmsr and wrmsr instructions, respectively. As these are privileged instructions, they can be executed only by the operating system. Use of the Linux msr kernel module creates a pseudo file "/dev/cpu/x/msr" (with a unique x for each processor or processor core). A user with permissions to read and/or write to this file can use the file I/O API to access these registers. The msr-tools package provides a reference implementation.
Documentation regarding which MSRs a certain processor implementation supports is usually found in the processor documentation of the CPU vendor. Examples for rather well-known MSRs are the memory type range registers (MTRRs) and the address-range registers (ARRs).
See also
LOADALL
References
External links
https://www.coreboot.org/Msrtool
Digital registers
Instruction processing
X86 architecture
X86 instructions |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History%20of%20Christian%20theology | The doctrine of the Trinity, considered the core of Christian theology by Trinitarians, is the result of continuous exploration by the church of the biblical data, thrashed out in debate and treatises, eventually formulated at the First Council of Nicaea in AD 325 in a way they believe is consistent with the biblical witness, and further refined in later councils and writings. The most widely recognized Biblical foundations for the doctrine's formulation are in the Gospel of John, which possess ideas that originate in Platonism and Greek philosophy.
Nontrinitarianism is any of several Christian beliefs that reject the Trinitarian doctrine that God is three distinct persons in one being. Modern nontrinitarian groups views differ widely on the nature of God, Jesus, and the Holy Spirit.
Historical theology is the academic study of the development of Christian theology.
Background
Jewish origins
Christianity originated in the 1st century AD as a minor sect within Judaism. Jews worshipped one god named Yahweh. God's relationship with humanity was told in the Hebrew Bible (the Old Testament for Christians), which Jews believed to be divinely inspired. Most Old Testament books had reached final form by the 4th century BC, but the Book of Daniel was probably not finalized until 167 BC. Ultimately, the books of the Hebrew Bible were grouped into three sections, the Torah (Instruction or Law), Nevi'im (Prophets), and Ketuvim (Writings). By the end of the 2nd century BC, the question of what books belonged in the Torah and Nev'im was settled. Agreement on which books should be included among the Ketuvim was not settled until the 4th century AD.
The Greek-speaking Jews of Alexandria produced a Greek translation of the Bible called the Septuagint. This translation included books not found in the Hebrew Bible, including Tobit, Judith, Wisdom of Solomon, Ecclesiasticus, and the books of Maccabees. The Septuagint was influential on early Christianity as it was the translation used by the first Christian authors.
The heart of the biblical story was God's covenant with the Jewish people. The Bible begins with the Genesis creation narrative and traces Jewish origins to Abraham. God guides the Jewish nation of Israel through the Exodus and into the promised land of Canaan. He gives the Israelites the Law of Moses to guide their behavior. The Law includes rules for both religious ritual and ethics. This moral code requires justice and care for the poor, widows, and orphans. The biblical story affirms God's unconditional love for his people, but he still punishes them when they fail to live by the covenant.
From , a united Kingdom of Israel existed under David and his son Solomon. This kingdom divided into the northern Kingdom of Israel, which rejected the House of David, and the southern Kingdom of Judah, which continued to follow the Davidic line. In 721 BC, Israel was conquered by the Assyrians. In 587 BC, Judah was conquered by the Babylonians, the Firs |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blittable%20types | Blittable types are data types in the Microsoft .NET Framework that have an identical presentation in memory for both managed and unmanaged code. Understanding the difference between blittable and non-blittable types can aid in using COM Interop or P/Invoke, two techniques for interoperability in .NET applications.
Origin
A memory copy operation is sometimes referred to as block transfer, shortened to bit blit (and dedicated hardware to make such a transfer is called a blitter). Blittable is a .NET-specific term expressing whether it is legal to copy an object using a block transfer.
Interoperability overview
Interoperability can be bidirectional sharing of data and methods between unmanaged code and managed .NET code. .NET provides two ways of interoperating between the two: COM Interop and P/Invoke. Though the methodology is different, in both cases marshalling (conversion between representations of data, formats for calling functions and formats for returning values) must take place. COM Interop deals with this conversion between managed code and COM objects, whereas P/Invoke handles interactions between managed code and Win32 code. The concept of blittable and non-blittable data types applies to both—specifically to the problem of converting data between managed and unmanaged memory. This marshalling is performed by the interop marshaller, which is invoked automatically by the CLR when needed.
Blittable types defined
A blittable type is a data type that does not require special attention from the interop marshaler because by default it has a common representation in managed and unmanaged memory. By pinning the data in memory, the garbage collector will be prevented from moving it, allowing it to be shared in-place with the unmanaged application. This means that both managed and unmanaged code will alter the memory locations of these types in a consistent manner, and much less effort is required by the marshaler to maintain data integrity. The following are some examples of blittable types available in the .NET Framework:
System.Byte
System.SByte
System.Int16
System.UInt16
System.Int32
System.UInt32
System.Int64
System.UInt64
System.IntPtr
System.UIntPtr
System.Single
System.Double
Additionally, one-dimensional arrays of these types (including unsafe fixed buffers) as well as complex types containing only instance fields (which includes readonly fields) of these types are blittable. The presence of static or const fields that are non-blittable does not cause the type to become non-blittable, because such fields play no part in marshalling. Complex types (that is structs or classes) must also have instance field layout of Sequential applied using the [StructLayout] attribute in order to be considered blittable by the .NET marshaler. Structs have this attribute applied automatically by the compiler, but it must explicitly be added to a class definition to make an otherwise non-blittable class blittable.
If a type is not one of the blittabl |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regulus%20Grammar%20Compiler | The Regulus Grammar Compiler is a software system for compiling unification grammars into grammars for speech recognition systems.
References
Notes
M. Rayner, B. A. Hockey and P. Bouillon (2006). Putting Linguistics into Speech Recognition: The Regulus Grammar Compiler. Stanford University Center for the Study of language and information, Stanford, California. .
External links
Natural language processing software
Speech recognition software |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/At%20Your%20Service | At Your Service may refer to:
At Your Service-Star Power, a public service program first aired on GMA Network
At Your Service (The Circle album), a 2015 live album by The Circle
At Your Service (Melody Club album), a 2007 greatest hits album by Melody Club
At Your Service (TV series), an Irish makeover television programme
"At Your Service", a 2008 episode of the American animated television series Chowder |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M8%20%28cipher%29 | In cryptography, M8 is a block cipher designed by Hitachi in 1999. It is a modification of Hitachi's earlier M6 algorithm, designed for greater security and high performance in both hardware and 32-bit software implementations. M8 was registered by Hitachi in March 1999 as ISO/IEC 9979-0020.
Like M6, M8 is a Feistel cipher with a block size of 64 bits. The round function can include 32-bit rotations, XORs, and modular addition, making it an early example of an ARX cipher.
The cipher features a variable number of rounds (any positive integer N), each of which has a structure determined by a round-specific "algorithm decision key". Making the rounds key-dependent is intended to make cryptanalysis more difficult (see FROG for a similar design philosophy).
Cipher description
The round count can be set to any positive integer N, but a round count of at least 10 is recommended. The key consists of four components: a 64-bit data key, 256-bit key expansion key, a set of N 24-bit algorithm decision keys, and a set of N 96-bit algorithm expansion keys.
The round function is used for both key expansion and encryption/decryption. The key expansion process transforms the 64-bit data key and 256-bit key expansion key into a 256-bit execution key, consisting of 4 pairs of 32-bit numbers .
The cipher has a typical Feistel cipher design. First, the 64-bit input block is split into two 32-bit halves. In each round, the left half undergoes a key-dependent transformation, and is then combined with the right half. Finally, the halves are swapped. In total, the round function consists of a sequence of nine customizable operations and three bitwise rotations:
denotes the round number, which takes inputs and . are the three 32-bit words of the round's algorithm expansion key. are words from the execution key. denotes a left bitwise rotation. and are defined by the 24-bit algorithm decision key as follows:
MSB LSB
op1 op2 op3 op4 op5 op6 op7 op8 op9 S1 S2 S3
where op1 to op9 are each one bit (0 = addition mod 232, 1 = XOR) and S1 to S3 are five bits each.
Key expansion consists of eight cipher rounds, using the first eight algorithm decision and expansion keys, the key expansion key as the execution key, and the data key as the input block. The eight intermediate outputs, are used as the eight components of the execution key .
Cipher implementation
The following is an implementation of the cipher in Python.
# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M8_(cipher)
M = 0xffffffff
def add(x, y):
return (x + y) & M
def xor(x, y):
return x ^ y
def rol(x, s):
return ((x << s) | (x >> (32 - s))) & M
def m8_round(L, R, ri, k, adk, aek):
"""
One round of the algorithm.
L, R: input
ri: round index
k: 256-bit execution key
adk: 24-bit algorithm decision key
aek: 96-bit algorithm expansion key
"""
op = [[add, xor][(adk >> (23 - i)) & 1] for i in range(9)]
S1 = (adk >> 10) & 0x1f
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio4all.net | The A-Infos Radio Project was formed in October 1996 by Lyn Gerry and other grassroots broadcasters, free radio journalists and cyber-activists to provide the means to share radio programs via the Internet. Programs are typically submitted from "Independent or Alternative media", which refers to a form of media that is free of influence by government or corporate interests (i.e. "mainstream media."). Anyone may upload programs and the content is posted to the web page immediately.
Origins
The A-Infos audio internet archive began in response to a reorganisation of the Pacifica radio station that eliminated many of its more controversial programmers. An interview with Lyn Gerry reports that the original intention of the project was "to create a “wire service” of sorts where radio producers can source other producer's material in a wide process of collaboration." It may have been the first website to allow free upload and download of audio files, a deliberately created free alternative to the concentration of corporate media outlets and perspectives. The site never made any distinction between downloads to radio stations and downloads for personal listening, which from 2004 came to be known as podcasts.
Operations
Radio4all accepts donations from its users and has never carried advertising or received corporate sponsorship. Radio4All.net is operated exclusively by volunteers on an occasional basis, many of whom have never met in person, but who communicate through a mailing list. Lyn Gerry has stated that the decision not to censor any material was mainly pragmatic. Northern California Public Broadcasting was a nonprofit formed in 1990 to start a radio station in northern California but this didn't happen, instead it became an engineering support project that in 2019 adopted radio4all, with the same engineers who had maintained the site from the late 1990s. Operating expenses are met by voluntary user contributions.
Contents
The A-Infos Radio Project was the first grassroots media project of its kind on the internet to allow free upload and download of programs, and has attracted a wide variety of audio material. The focus remains on public domain radio programmes from various perspectives and often of an alternative political nature. Programs address both local and global issues and perspectives vary substantially, but the most often included are environmentalism, socialism, humanitarianism and anarchism.
Beginning in the late 1990s using dial up modem connections talented program producers and micro-radio stations began exchanging radio programming segments using radio4all.net as an open audio library.
Lyn (Lyn Gerry) attended the N.A.B. 2000 counter convention in San Francisco CA Radio Show #31 and presented this concept to the then hopeful Low Power FM station applicants who were awaiting FCC licensing of this new type of Local Non-Corporate radio station service.
In a few years more than 500 LPFM stations were licensed and began broadcas |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet%20Routing%20Registry | An Internet Routing Registry (IRR) is a database of Internet route objects for determining, and sharing route and related information used for configuring routers, with a view to avoiding problematic issues between Internet service providers.
The Internet routing registry works by providing an interlinked hierarchy of objects designed to facilitate the organization of IP routing between organizations, and also to provide data in an appropriate format for automatic programming of routers. Network engineers from participating organizations are authorized to modify the Routing Policy Specification Language (RPSL) objects, in the registry, for their own networks. Then, any network engineer, or member of the public, is able to query the route registry for particular information of interest.
Relevant objects
AUT-NUM
INETNUM6
ROUTE
INETNUM
ROUTE6
AS-SET
Status of implementation
In some RIR regions, the adoption/updates of for e.g. AUT-NUM (Represents for e.g. Autonomous system (Internet)) is only done when the record is created by the RIR, and as long nobody complains about issues, the records remain unreliable/original-state. Most global ASNs provide valid information about their resources in their e.g. AS-SET objects. Peering networks are highly automated, and it would be very harmful for the ASNs.
See also
Resource Public Key Infrastructure
Autonomous system (Internet)
References
Representation of IP Routing Policies in a Routing Registry (ripe-81++)
Internet Routing Registry Tutorial
External links
RFC 2622, Routing Policy Specification Language
RFC 2650, Using RPSL in Practice
IRR LIST, A list of routing registries with links to databases and general information
IRR accuracy, BGPmon.net - How accurate are the Internet Route Registries (IRR)
Internet architecture
Routing |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global%20Energy%20Network%20Institute | The Global Energy Network Institute (GENI) is a research and education organization founded by Peter Meisen in 1986 and registered as a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization in 1991. GENI's focus is on the interconnection of electric power transmission networks between nations and continents, emphasizing tapping abundant renewable energy resources, and utilizing the efficiencies of seasonal, time of day, and load differences around the world.
Renewable Energy Interconnected Global Grid
GENI's goal is to educate world leaders and policy makers on the benefits of this global strategy. The concept of an interconnected global grid linked to renewable resources was first suggested by Buckminster Fuller in the World Game simulation in the 1970s. Fuller concluded that this strategy is the highest priority of the World Game simulation, (see page 206 of Fuller's book Critical Path (1981, ).
GENI has organized international workshops on international electricity transmission grids and coordinated workshops on renewable energy generation, the latter hosted by the IEEE Power Engineering Society.
GENI is one of the original members of American Council on Renewable Energy and has been a regular presence at the World Energy Congress, held internationally every 3 years.
GENI has stated that one reason technologies to accelerate the use of renewable energy and to avert climate change were not making headway in the marketplace has been the lack of ways for investors to track and easily invest in these technologies. Because of this, in 2004, GENI partnered with KLD, who creates socially conscious investing stock indexes in the US, to create the KLD Global Climate 100 stock index. The index became available for investment in Japan in 2005 and in the U.S. on April 24, 2007.
Research
GENI's research includes information about national electricity power grids; location and availability of renewable energy resources; international integrated energy models; current national energy usage (by fuel type) and global issues that are addressed by the GENI concept, such as international relations, human security, peace and disarmament, the environment, conflict and development, and global health.
Selected Media References
Numerous articles have been published on and about the organization, the concept, and its personnel in the following publications. Some are in academic and professional publications:
Simulation, (April, 1995) (A monthly peer-reviewed publication of the Society for Computer Simulation);
New Scientist,(July, 1995);
IEEE Power Engineering Review, (Several) (A monthly peer-reviewed publication of the IEEE); (GENI organized the ongoing series of Power Engineering Society panel sessions on various renewable energy technologies.);
The Rotarian, April 2007, In Focus column on Peter Meisen and GENI;
A.A. Bolonkin and R.B. Cathcart, "Antarctica: a southern hemisphere wind power station?", INT. J. GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES 8: 262-273 (2008). [They propose w |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison%20of%20audio%20synthesis%20environments | Software audio synthesis environments typically consist of an audio programming language (which may be graphical) and a user environment to design/run the language in. Although many of these environments are comparable in their abilities to produce high-quality audio, their differences and specialties are what draw users to a particular platform. This article compares noteworthy audio synthesis environments, and enumerates basic issues associated with their use.
Subjective comparisons
Audio synthesis environments comprise a wide and varying range of software and hardware configurations. Even different versions of the same environment can differ dramatically. Because of this broad variability, certain aspects of different systems cannot be directly compared. Moreover, some levels of comparison are either very difficult to objectively quantify, or depend purely on personal preference.
Some of the commonly considered subjective attributes for comparison include:
Usability (how difficult is it for beginners to generate some kind of meaningful output)
Learnability (how steep the learning curve is for new, average, and advancing users)
Sound "quality" (which environment produces the most subjectively appealing sound)
Creative flow (in what ways does the environment affect the creative process - e.g. guiding the user in certain directions)
These attributes can vary strongly depending on the tasks used for evaluation.
Some other common comparisons include:
Audio performance (issues such as throughput, latency, concurrency, etc.)
System performance (issues such as buggyness or stability)
Support and community (who uses the system and who provides help, advice, training and tutorials)
System capabilities (what is possible and what is not possible [regardless of effort] with the system)
Interoperability (how well does the system integrate with other systems from different vendors)
Building blocks of sound and sound "quality"
Audio software often has a slightly different "sound" when compared against others. This is because there are different ways to implement the basic building blocks (such as sinewaves, pink noise, or FFT) which result in slightly different aural characteristics. Although people can of course prefer one system's "sound" over another, perhaps the best output can be determined by using sophisticated audio analyzers in combination with the listener's ears. The idea of this would be to arrive at what most would agree is as "pure" a sound as possible.
User interface
The interface to an audio system often has a significant influence on the creative flow of the user, not because of what is possible (the stable/mature systems listed here are fully featured enough to be able to achieve an enormous range of sonic/compositional objectives), but because of what is made easy and what is made difficult. This is again very difficult to boil down to a brief comparative statement. One issue may be which interface metaphors are used (e.g. |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star%20Trek%3A%20The%20Kobayashi%20Alternative | Star Trek: The Kobayashi Alternative was a Star Trek themed computer software game by American studio Micromosaics, designed for the Apple II Plus, Apple IIe, and Apple IIc. The game was also available for the Commodore 64, Macintosh and IBM PC. This text adventure was first published in 1985 by Simon & Schuster. The player assumes the role of Admiral James T. Kirk. As Kirk, the player commands the actions of the Enterprise crew, as well as the Enterprise itself.
The plot is based on the idea that Starfleet is replacing the Kobayashi Maru scenario with a new test based on a mission from the Enterprise logs. The player is supposedly testing this "Kobayashi Alternative Command Performance Evaluation" for a Starfleet admiral.
Reception
Computer Gaming World criticized Kobayashi for many bugs and poor documentation, while approving of the game's design and its portrayal of the crew. The magazine reported that version 1.1 for the Apple with improved documentation still had bugs, including a serious one when visiting Orna, and concluded "I cannot recommend it".
References
External links
Star Trek: The Kobayashi Alternative at MobyGames
1980s interactive fiction
1985 video games
Apple II games
Classic Mac OS games
Commodore 64 games
DOS games
Interactive fiction based on works
Kobayashi Alternative
Video games developed in the United States
Single-player video games |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soft%20despotism | Soft despotism is a term coined by Alexis de Tocqueville describing the state into which a country overrun by "a network of small complicated rules" might degrade. Soft despotism is different from despotism (also called 'hard despotism') in the sense that it is not obvious to the people.
Soft despotism gives people the illusion that they are in control, when in fact they have very little influence over their government. Soft despotism breeds fear, uncertainty, and doubt in the general populace. Alexis de Tocqueville observed that this trend was avoided in America only by the "habits of the heart" of its 19th-century populace.
Concept
In Volume II, Book 4, Chapter 6 of Democracy in America, de Tocqueville writes the following about soft despotism:
Some scholars have described Tostig Godwinson’s governance over Northumbria as an early form of benevolent despotism.
See also
Dictablanda
Enlightened absolutism
Illiberal democracy
Inverted totalitarianism
Last man
Managerial state
Spoils system
Totalitarian democracy
References
Authoritarianism
Political ideologies
Alexis de Tocqueville |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Highway%20Hunter | Highway Hunter is vehicular combat game developed by Omega Integral Systems for MS-DOS compatible operating systems. It was published by the Safari Software label of Epic MegaGames in 1994.
Plot
A hostile alien race has conquered the earth and enslaved the human race to do their bidding. The player assumes the role of a man who has worked in an alien maintenance garage, steals a prototype alien combat vehicle called the MASTER and escapes with it. The MASTER is used to fight the alien forces in a desperate bid to save the planet.
Gameplay
The game uses a top-down view. The player's car is situated on a raised highway. The ground is visible on the sides. The player's car is constantly moving upwards through the level, though the player can maneuver the car around the screen within the boundaries of the highway. The player fires at enemies that come from the top of the screen. There are ground enemies on the highway and flying enemies that can come in from the sides or the top. Some enemies may drop weapon power ups, which make the player car's projectiles stronger or more numerous. The game is divided into three episodes, each with a number of levels, with a boss at the end of each level. The highway environments start out looking earthly, but the player moves into more alien levels later in the game.
Reception
Allgame gave a 2 and a half star rating,
References
External links
1994 video games
DOS games
DOS-only games
Vehicular combat games
Video games developed in Russia |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puspakom | Pusat Pemeriksaan Kenderaan Berkomputer or Puspakom is a Malaysian computerized vehicle inspection company owned by DRB-HICOM. It was established in 1994. Puspakom is the main inspection center for commercial vehicles throughout Malaysia. It has 50 permanent branches and 21 schedule branches. Puspakom occupies more than 17,000 vehicles per day including commercial vehicles, ownership transfer and volunteered inspection. Puspakom has more than 2000 Vehicle Examiners, accredited by the Road Transport Department who are capable of conducting inspections to ensure inspected vehicles safe.
External links
Puspakom Malaysia
JPJ Website
1994 establishments in Malaysia
Transport in Malaysia
Companies based in Shah Alam
DRB-HICOM
Privately held companies of Malaysia |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM%20RSCT | IBM Reliable Scalable Cluster Technology (RSCT) is a set of software components that together provide a comprehensive clustering environment for AIX, Linux, Solaris, and Windows operating systems. RSCT is the infrastructure used by a variety of IBM products to provide clusters with improved system availability, scalability, and ease of use. It follows a list of main RSCT components:
the Resource Monitoring and Control (RMC) subsystem. This is the scalable, reliable backbone of RSCT. It runs on a single machine or on each node (operating system image) of a cluster and provides a common abstraction for the resources of the individual system or the cluster of nodes. You can use RMC for single system monitoring, or for monitoring nodes in a cluster. In a cluster, however, RMC provides global access to subsystems and resources throughout the cluster, thus providing a single monitoring/management infrastructure for clusters. It is used for HMC DLPAR, sfp, invscout ...
the RSCT core resource managers. A resource manager is a software layer between a resource (a hardware or software entity that provides services to some other component) and RMC. A resource manager maps programmatic abstractions in RMC into the actual calls and commands of a resource.
the RSCT cluster security services, which provide the security infrastructure that enables RSCT components to authenticate the identity of other parties.
the Topology Services subsystem, which, on some cluster configurations, provides node/network failure detection.
the Group Services subsystem, which, on some cluster configurations, provides cross node/process coordination.
Management Domains and Peer Domains
The set of nodes that is configured for manageability or monitoring is called a management domain of your cluster. The set of nodes that is configured for high availability is called an RSCT peer domain of your cluster.
A peer domain is a set of nodes that have a consistent knowledge of the existence of each other and of the resources shared among them. On each node within the peer domain, RMC depends on a core set of cluster services, which include Topology Services, Group Services and cluster security services.
A management domain is a set of nodes with resources that can be managed and monitored from one of the nodes, which is designated as the management control point (MCP). All other nodes are considered to be managed nodes. Topology Services and Group Services are not used in a management domain.
In order to understand how the various RSCT components are used in a cluster, be aware that nodes of a cluster can be configured for manageability, high availability or both.
External links
IBM RSCT documentation
See also
IBM PowerHA (formerly HACMP), IBM clustering software for AIX and Linux
IBM Cluster System Management (CSM)
RSCT |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Close%20to%20Metal | In computing, Close To Metal ("CTM" in short, originally called Close-to-the-Metal) is the name of a beta version of a low-level programming interface developed by ATI, now the AMD Graphics Product Group, aimed at enabling GPGPU computing. CTM was short-lived, and the first production version of AMD's GPGPU technology is now called AMD Stream SDK, or rather the current AMD APP SDK for Windows and Linux 32-bit and 64-bit. APP stands for "Accelerated Parallel Processing" and also targets Heterogeneous System Architecture.
Overview
Close To Metal, originally called THIN (Thin Hardware INterface) and Data Parallel Virtual Machine, gave developers direct access to the native instruction set and memory of the massively parallel computational elements in modern AMD video cards. CTM bypassed the graphics-centric DirectX and OpenGL APIs for the GPGPU programmer to expose previously unavailable low-level functionality, including direct control of the stream processors/ALUs and the memory controllers. R580 (ATI X1900) and later generations of AMD's GPU microarchitecture supported the CTM interface.
CTM's commercial successor, AMD Stream SDK, was released under AMD EULA in December 2007 after the software stack was rewritten. Stream SDK provides high-level in addition to low-level tools for general-purpose access to AMD graphics hardware.
Using GPUs to perform computations holds a lot of potential for some applications because of the fundamental differences of GPU microarchitectures compared to CPUs. GPUs achieve much greater throughput (calculations per second) by executing many programs in parallel and restricting flow control (the ability of one program to execute instructions independently of another). Modern GPUs also have addressable on-die memory and extremely high performance multi-channel external memory.
AMD subsequently switched from CTM to OpenCL.
Open-source
Some components of CTM and the Stream SDK are open source, such as the Brook+ C-like language and compiler.
See also
ROCm
CUDA
BrookGPU
Lib Sh
Stream programming
Shader
References
Notes
AMD “Close to Metal” Technology Unleashes the Power of Stream Computing: AMD Press Release, November 14, 2006.
AnandTech report: ATI's Stream Processing & Folding@Home, September 30, 2006.
Universität Dortmund, Fachbereich Mathematik research: Accelerating Double precision on GPUs (Proceedings of ASIM 2005), Dominik Goddeke, Robert Strzodka, and Stefan Turek. 18th Symposium on Simulation Technique, 2005.
TGDaily report: Nvidia activates a supercomputer in your PC, February 16, 2007.
External links
ATI official site*
AMD Close-to-the-Metal (CTM) open source project site
ATI Technologies
AMD software
GPGPU libraries |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer%20audition | Computer audition (CA) or machine listening is the general field of study of algorithms and systems for audio interpretation by machines. Since the notion of what it means for a machine to "hear" is very broad and somewhat vague, computer audition attempts to bring together several disciplines that originally dealt with specific problems or had a concrete application in mind. The engineer Paris Smaragdis, interviewed in Technology Review, talks about these systems "software that uses sound to locate people moving through rooms, monitor machinery for impending breakdowns, or activate traffic cameras to record accidents."
Inspired by models of human audition, CA deals with questions of representation, transduction, grouping, use of musical knowledge and general sound semantics for the purpose of performing intelligent operations on audio and music signals by the computer. Technically this requires a combination of methods from the fields of signal processing, auditory modelling, music perception and cognition, pattern recognition, and machine learning, as well as more traditional methods of artificial intelligence for musical knowledge representation.
Applications
Like computer vision versus image processing, computer audition versus audio engineering deals with understanding of audio rather than processing. It also differs from problems of speech understanding by machine since it deals with general audio signals, such as natural sounds and musical recordings.
Applications of computer audition are widely varying, and include search for sounds, genre recognition, acoustic monitoring, music transcription, score following, audio texture, music improvisation, emotion in audio and so on.
Related disciplines
Computer Audition overlaps with the following disciplines:
Music information retrieval: methods for search and analysis of similarity between music signals.
Auditory scene analysis: understanding and description of audio sources and events.
Computational musicology and mathematical music theory: use of algorithms that employ musical knowledge for analysis of music data.
Computer music: use of computers in creative musical applications.
Machine musicianship: audition driven interactive music systems.
Areas of study
Since audio signals are interpreted by the human ear–brain system, that complex perceptual mechanism should be simulated somehow in software for "machine listening". In other words, to perform on par with humans, the computer should hear and understand audio content much as humans do. Analyzing audio accurately involves several fields: electrical engineering (spectrum analysis, filtering, and audio transforms); artificial intelligence (machine learning and sound classification); psychoacoustics (sound perception); cognitive sciences (neuroscience and artificial intelligence); acoustics (physics of sound production); and music (harmony, rhythm, and timbre). Furthermore, audio transformations such as pitch shifting, time stret |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raccomandata%20con%20Ricevuta%20di%20Ritorno | Raccomandata con Ricevuta di Ritorno (also known as Raccomandata Ricevuta Ritorno or RRR), are an Italian progressive rock band.
Career
The band was formed in Rome in 1971 by vocalist Luciano Regoli, guitarist Nanni Civitenga and Drummer Froggio Francica. They released only one LP, the concept album Per... Un Mondo di Cristallo (1973). The album tells the story of an astronaut who on returning home finds life on Earth to be extinct. The band spent two years secluded in a monastery of an undisclosed religion perfecting the lyrics and the music.
Following the dissolution of the band in 1973, Regoli and Civitenga went on to form Samadhi in 1974. Civitenga also worked with the hard rock band Crystals, which included members of Banco del Mutuo Soccorso, Area and Alphataurus. Francica joined bands such as Procession in 1974 and Kaleidon. Later Regoli became a painter, and fronted the band DGM.
Comeback
In 2010, after a 37-year hiatus, the band reunited and released the album Il pittore volante under the name Nuova Raccomandata con ricevuta di ritorno. The booklet featured some of Regoli's paintings. The band played a concert with Thijs van Leer in 2010. Several live tracks from the gig would later appear on the album Prog Exhibition: 40 anni di musica immaginifica, including an extended version of "Il palco di marionette" from Per... un mondo di cristallo.
Discography
(1972) Per... un mondo di cristallo
(2010) Il pittore volante
Further reading
Italian prog website
RRR profile at manticornio.com, in Spanish.
Regoli's website
Music video of La Nuova Raccomandata con Ricevuta di Ritorno's "Il Cambiamento"
References
Italian progressive rock groups
Musical groups from Rome
Musical groups established in 1971 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armature%20%28computer%20animation%29 | An armature is a kinematic chain used in computer animation to simulate the motions of virtual human or animal characters. In the context of animation, the inverse kinematics of the armature is the most relevant computational algorithm.
There are two types of digital armatures: Keyframing (stop-motion) armatures and real-time (puppeteering) armatures. Keyframing armatures were initially developed to assist in animating digital characters without basing the movement on a live performance. The animator poses a device manually for each keyframe, while the character in the animation is set up with a mechanical structure equivalent to the armature. The device is connected to the animation software through a driver program and each move is recorded for a particular frame in time. Real-time armatures are similar, but they are puppeteered by one or more people and captured in real time.
See also
Linkages
Skeletal animation
References
3D graphics software
Computational physics |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerhard%20Weikum | Gerhard Weikum is a Research Director at the Max Planck Institute for Informatics in Saarbrücken, Germany, where he is leading the databases and information systems department. His current research interests include transactional and distributed systems, self-tuning database systems, data and text integration, and the automatic construction of knowledge bases. He is one of the creators of the YAGO knowledge base. He is also the Dean of the International Max Planck Research School for Computer Science (IMPRS-CS).
Earlier he held positions at Saarland University in Saarbrücken, Germany, at ETH Zurich, Switzerland, at MCC in Austin, Texas, and he was a visiting senior researcher at Microsoft Research in Redmond, Washington. He received his diploma and doctoral degrees from the TU Darmstadt, Germany.
He acted as the President of the VLDB endowment in 2005 and 2006. The endowment organizes the yearly International Conference on Very Large Databases, a scientific conference for researchers in the area of database research.
In 2005 the Association for Computing Machinery appointed Gerhard Weikum a fellow, one of the highest honors of the ACM. Weikum has been honored for his research in the fields of databases and information systems, in particular for his contributions to improve the reliability and the performance of large-scale, distributed information systems. In 2010 he was elected as a fellow of the Gesellschaft für Informatik and received a Google Focused Research Award. He received the ACM SIGMOD Contributions Award in 2011, an ERC Synergy Grant in 2013, and the ACM SIGMOD Edgar F. Codd Innovations Award in 2016.
In 2018 he became a member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina.
References
External links
Max Planck Institute for Computer Science - databases and information systems department
Personal Homepage of Gerhard Weikum
International Max Planck Research School for Computer Science
University of Darmstadt
VLDB Endowment
ACM Fellows Program
Fellows of the Association for Computing Machinery
Database researchers
Living people
German computer scientists
Max Planck Institute for Informatics
Year of birth missing (living people)
Technische Universität Darmstadt alumni
Academic staff of ETH Zurich
Members of the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina
Max Planck Institute directors |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%20Ranlett%20Flint | Charles Ranlett Flint (January 24, 1850 – February 26, 1934) was the founder of the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company which later became IBM. For his financial dealings, he earned the moniker "Father of Trusts". He was an avid sportsman and member of the syndicate that built the yacht Vigilant, that was the U.S. defender of the eighth America's Cup and was the owner of the yacht Gracie.
Early life and education
Flint was born on January 24, 1850, in Thomaston, Maine. His father, Benjamin Chapman, had changed the family name to Flint after being adopted by an uncle on his mother's side. The family moved from Maine to New York City where his father ran the family's mercantile firm Chapman & Flint, which had been founded in 1837. Flint married the composer Kate Simmons in 1883.
In 1868, Charles Flint graduated from Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute, which is now New York University Tandon School of Engineering, in Brooklyn. In 1871, he entered the shipping business as a partner in Gilchrest, Flint & Co., which became W. R. Grace and Company following a merger.
Career
From 1876 to 1879, he served as the Chilean consul in New York City. He also served as consul general to the United States for Nicaragua and Costa Rica.
In 1892, he consolidated several companies to form U.S. Rubber. In 1893, he fitted out a fleet of naval ships for Brazilian Republic. He purchased the from the Chilean Navy and delivered it via Ecuador to Japan during the First Sino-Japanese War. In 1899, he repeated the success he had in forming U.S. Rubber by consolidating Adams Chewing Gum, Chiclets, Dentyne, and Beemans to form American Chicle. He was also responsible for the formation of The American Woolen Company that year. Some newspapers began to refer to him as "the Rubber King".
In 1911, he formed the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company through an amalgamation of stock acquisition of four companies: Tabulating Machine Company, International Time Recording Company, Computing Scale Company of America, and the Bundy Manufacturing Company. Amalgamation was unusual at the time - Flint described it as an "allied" consolidation. In 1924, CTR was re-christened as International Business Machines. Flint served on the board of directors of IBM until he retired in 1930.
He died on February 26, 1934, in Washington, D.C.
Legacy
Charles Flint was an avid sportsman and loved swimming, hunting, fishing, sailing, and aviation. He was one of seven founders of the Automobile Club of America. He held the world water speed record.
His Time magazine obituary stated he negotiated the Wright brothers' first sales of airplanes overseas.
But it was the Wrights themselves, in sometimes contentious negotiations with Charles R. Flint & Co., who determined contract terms.
Bibliography
21
References
External links
Charles Ranlett Flint at the IBM Archives
1850 births
1934 deaths
American manufacturing businesspeople
American technology company founders
American Woolen Company
Busine |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PowerBook%20160 | The PowerBook 160 is a portable computer that was released by Apple Computer along with the PowerBook 180 on October 19, 1992 and the PowerBook 165 variants were released the following year. At the time, it constituted the mid-range model replacing the previous PowerBook 140 in processing power. The PowerBook 160 was sold until August 16, 1993.
Basic features
Its case design is the same as that of the PowerBook 180, but it shipped with the less powerful 25 MHz Motorola 68030 CPU and no FPU, identically to the low-end 145. However, the PowerBook 160 came with a (diagonal) passive matrix LCD screen, which for the first time was capable of displaying 4-bit grayscale. The 160 and the 180 were the first PowerBooks to add an external color video port like the Macintosh Portable before it, as well as increasing the maximum RAM to 14 MB. Both PowerBooks introduced a new power saving feature which allowed their processors to run at a slower 16 MHz rate, the same speed as the original 140. The PowerBook 160 had a 40MB SCSI hard disk drive, configurable to 80 or 120MB.
PowerBook 165 (August 1993 – July 1994)
The 165, which was introduced on August 16, 1993, added a 33 MHz processor and larger standard hard drive. Along with the PowerBook 145B, this would be the last of the true 100 series PowerBooks and the last Apple laptop to include two serial (printer and modem) ports. After the 165 was discontinued on July 18, 1994, its entry level descendant, the PowerBook 150, would continue to be sold until October 14, 1995, and though it used the 140 case design, its internals were actually based on the PowerBook Duo and PowerBook 190, a 100-series PowerBook in name only as it used the PowerBook 5300's motherboard and case as well.
PowerBook 165c (February – December 1993)
Introduced on February 10, 1993, the 165c (pictured) was identical to the 165, except that it included a 68882 FPU and had a passive matrix color LCD capable of displaying 256 colors. It was Apple's first PowerBook with a color display. As a result of the thicker color display, the exterior case lid was redesigned, more closely resembling that used on the PowerBook Duo series. The PowerBook 180c used the same case modification.The 165c was discontinued on December 13, 1993.
Specifications
Timeline
Notes
References
180
68k Macintosh computers |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jakarta%20Expression%20Language | The Jakarta Expression Language (EL; formerly Expression Language and Unified Expression Language) is a special purpose programming language mostly used in Jakarta EE web applications for embedding and evaluating expressions in web pages.
The specification writers and expert groups of the Java EE web-tier technologies have worked on a unified expression language which was first included in the JSP 2.1 specification (JSR-245), and later specified by itself in JSR-341, part of Java EE 7.
History
Origin as JSTL
The expression language started out as part of the JavaServer Pages Standard Tag Library (JSTL) and was originally called SPEL (Simplest Possible Expression Language), then just Expression Language (EL). It was a scripting language which allowed access to Java components (JavaBeans) through JSP. Since JSP 2.0, it has been used inside JSP tags to separate Java code from JSP, and to allow easier access to Java components (than in Java code).
JSP 2.0
Over the years, the expression language has evolved to include more advanced functionality and it was included in the JSP 2.0 specification. Scripting was made easier for web-content designers who have little or practically no knowledge of the core Java Language. This scripting language made JSP a scripting language in the true sense. Before EL, JSP consisted of some special tags like scriptlets, expressions etc. within which Java code was written explicitly. With EL the web-content designer needs only to know how to make proper calls to core Java methods.
EL was, both syntactically and semantically, similar to JavaScript expressions:
there is no typecasting
type conversions are usually done implicitly
double and single quotes are equivalent
object.property has the same meaning as object['property']
EL also liberated the programmer from having to know the particularities of how the values are actually accessed: object.property can mean (depending on what the object is) either object.get("property") or object.getProperty("property") or object.getProperty() etc.
EL 2.1
During the development of JSP 2.0, the JavaServer Faces technology was released which also needed an expression language, but the expression language defined in the JSP 2.0 specification didn't satisfy all the needs for development with JSF technology. The most obvious limitations were that its expressions were evaluated immediately, and the JSF components could not invoke methods on server-side objects. A more powerful language was created with the following new features:
Deferred expressions, which are not immediately evaluated
Expressions that can set as well as get data
Method expressions, which can invoke methods
The new expression language worked well for the purposes of JSF. But developers had problems when integrating the JSP EL with the JSF EL because of conflicts. Because of these incompatibilities, the unified expression language initiative was started to unify these expression languages. As of JSP 2.1, the expression |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History%20of%20web%20syndication%20technology | Web syndication technologies were preceded by metadata standards such as the Meta Content Framework (MCF) and the Resource Description Framework (RDF), as well as by 'push' specifications such as Channel Definition Format (CDF). Early web syndication standards included Information and Content Exchange (ICE) and RSS. More recent specifications include Atom and GData.
Predecessors
Web syndication specifications were preceded by several formats in push and metadata technologies, few of which achieved widespread popularity, as many, such as Backweb and Pointcast, were intended to work only with a single service.
Between 1995 and 1997, Ramanathan V. Guha and others at Apple Computer's Advanced Technology Group developed the Meta Content Framework (MCF). MCF was a specification for structuring metadata information about web sites and other data, implemented in HotSauce, a 3D flythrough visualizer for the web. When the research project was discontinued in 1997, Guha left Apple for Netscape.
Guha and the XML co-creator Tim Bray extended MCF into an XML application that Netscape submitted to the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) as a proposed web standard in June 1997. This submission contributed towards the emergence of the Resource Description Framework (RDF).
In March 1997, Microsoft submitted a detailed specification for the 'push' technology Channel Definition Format (CDF) to the W3C. This format was designed for the Active Channel feature of Internet Explorer 4.0. CDF never became popular, perhaps because of the extensive resources it required at a time when people were mostly on dial-up. Backweb and Pointcast were geared towards news, much like a personal application programming interface (API) feed. Backweb later morphed into providing software updates, a precursor to the push update features used by various companies now.
In September 1997, Netscape previewed a new, competing technology named "Aurora," based on RDF, a metadata model whose first public working draft would be posted the next month by a W3C working group that included representatives of many companies, including R.V. Guha of Netscape.
In December 1997, Dave Winer designed his own XML format for use on his Scripting News weblog.
Early web syndication: ICE and RSS
The first standard created specifically for web syndication was Information and Content Exchange (ICE), which was proposed by Firefly Networks and Vignette in January 1998. The ICE Authoring Group included Microsoft, Adobe, Sun, CNET, National Semiconductor, Tribune Media Services, Ziff Davis and Reuters, amongst others, and was limited to thirteen companies. The ICE advisory council included nearly a hundred members.
ICE was submitted to the World Wide Web Consortium standards body on 26 October 1998, and showcased in a press event the day after. The standard failed to benefit from the open-source implementation that W3C XML specifications often received.
RDF Site Summary, the first web syndication format to be calle |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mick%20Betancourt | Mick Betancourt (born April 13, 1974) is an American screenwriter, producer, comedian, actor, and director who has written scripts for several television series on major networks, including Chicago Fire, The Mob Doctor, Chicago P.D., and Law & Order: Special Victims Unit.
Betancourt was born in Chicago, to a Puerto rican father, and Irish mother. He graduated from Fenwick High School in 1992 and currently lives in Los Angeles. He sold his first television series to CBS at age 30 and has since written on Breakout Kings, The Black Donnellys, and Detroit 187.
He directed his first short film in 2008, No Place Like Home, which was well received at independent film festivals. Betancourt has performed as a comedian at the Chicago and Montreal Comedy Festivals, and has performed stand-up on channels such as NBC, HBO, TBS, and Comedy Central. He was featured in Studs Terkel's book Death-Will the Circle Be Unbroken.
References
External links
Brief Biography
Mick Betancourt podcast interview
1974 births
Living people
American male screenwriters
American male television writers
Screenwriters from Chicago |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregory%20Horror%20Show%20%28video%20game%29 | Gregory Horror Show, known in Japan as is a mystery, survival horror game based on the computer-generated imagery (CGI) anime series of the same name. The game was published by Capcom in Japan and Europe, but was not released in North America.
Gameplay
Players must navigate the hotel, retrieving the bottled souls which the hotel guests have been carrying. Neko Zombie, a heavily stitched cat who has become imprisoned in his room, introduces players to the control scheme and methods of spying on guests and stealing the souls back. Spying through keyholes allows players to eavesdrop useful information from guests, as well as scout ahead before plunging into a room and coming face-to-face with guests.
Guests will usually flee if they see the player character, while they still possess a bottled soul. Once the player has recovered the soul from that particular guest, instead of fleeing they will chase and attack the player, reclaiming the soul should the player still be holding it. The guests can all run faster than the player's character, making stealth an important aspect of play. It is possible to hide in wardrobes, but this must be achieved while any pursuing guests are out of sight.
As play progresses and souls are collected, more guests check-in the hotel and more hotel rooms and areas become available for exploration. This is in addition to the guests who have already been relieved of their soul bottles - these prowl the corridors of the hotel, looking for the player, making it increasingly difficult to travel from one location to another without being seen.
Plot
The game begins with the protagonist walking through a forest in a deep fog. They are stated to have no memory of how they ended up in the forest. Eventually a bright light appears in the fog coming from a hotel, Gregory House, which serves as the game's main setting. The player character enters the hotel and is greeted by Gregory, the mouse that runs the hotel. He asks the player what their name and gender is, before giving them a room in the hotel.
That night, after the player has fallen asleep, they meet Death in a dream. He tells the player that they have been trapped at Gregory House but that he is willing help them to escape. In return, he wants the player to find 12 lost souls which are kept by residents of Gregory House. Death makes the promise that, once he has received the 12 souls, he will help the player escape Gregory House
The player upon waking hears screaming from the neighbouring room, which is locked. The room's inhabitant, Neko Zombie, asks the player to get the key for the room by stealing it from Gregory. Once the player has done so they can enter the room to talk properly with Neko Zombie. Neko Zombie gives the player an explanation of various aspects of the game and once the tutorial is finished he gives them the game's first lost soul.
After this, the player is prompted to retrieve the souls from each guest as they come into the hotel. As the story progr |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common%20Public%20Radio%20Interface | The Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI) standard defines an interface between Radio Equipment Control (REC) and Radio Equipment (RE). Oftentimes, CPRI links are used to carry data between cell sites and base stations.
The purpose of CPRI is to allow replacement of a copper or coax cable connection between a radio transceiver (used example for mobile-telephone communication and typically located in a tower) and a base station (typically located at the ground nearby), so the connection can be made to a remote and more convenient location. This connection (often referred to as the Fronthaul network) can be a fiber to an installation where multiple remote base stations may be served. This fiber supports both single and multi mode communication. The fiber end is connected with the Small Form-factor Pluggable (SFP) transceiver device.
The companies working to define the specification include Ericsson
AB, Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd, NEC Corporation and Nokia.
See also
Open Base Station Architecture Initiative (OBSAI)
Remote radio head (RRH)
References
External links
CPRI Homepage
CPRI specification (free) at CPRI homepage
Radio technology |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network%20for%20the%20Promotion%20of%20Asian%20Cinema | The Network for the Promotion of Asian Cinema (NETPAC) is a worldwide organization of 29 member countries. It was created as the result of a conference on Asian cinema organized by Cinemaya, the Asian Film Quarterly, in New Delhi in 1990 at the instance and with the support of UNESCO, Paris.
Headquartered in Singapore, the NETPAC is a pan-Asian film cultural organization involving critics, filmmakers, festival organizers and curators, distributors and exhibitors, as well as film educators. It is considered a leading authority on Asian cinema. Since 1990, it has programmed Asian sections of international film festivals, introduced filmmakers from Asia to the world, brought out a compendium of the existing film infrastructure in different Asian countries, organized seminars and conferences and instituted an award for the Best Asian Film at festivals like Singapore, Busan, Jeonju, Kerala, Kazakhstan and Osian's Cinefan among those in Asia; Berlin, Locarno, Karlovy Vary, Rotterdam, Vesoul and others in Europe; at Brisbane in Australia; Hawaii in the US; Antalya in Turkey and Black Nights in Estonia.
The NETPAC Award is given at select international film festivals to promote Asian cinema by spotlighting exceptional films and discovering new talents. Among filmmakers who have won this award more than twice are Sri Lanka's Prasanna Vithanage (5 times); Kazakhstan's Adilkhan Yerzhanov (4 times); China's Wang Xiaoshuai (thrice) and Hao Jie (thrice); the Philippines' Lav Diaz (thrice) and Brillante Mendoza (thrice); Malaysia's Ho Yuhang (thrice); and South Korea's Kim Ki-duk (thrice).
NETPAC Award winners
1993
Singapore International Film Festival
Winner The Peach Blossom Land (Stan Lai, Taiwan)
1994
Berlin International Film Festival
Winner All Under the Moon (Yoichi Sai, Japan)
Special Mention Shackles (Nansalmaagin Uranchimeg, Mongolia)
Singapore International Film Festival
Winner The Servile (Adoor Gopalakrishnan, India)
1995
Berlin International Film Festival
Winner Undo (Shunji Iwai, Japan)
Winner Elephant Song (Go Riju, Japan)
International Film Festival Rotterdam
Winner The Servile (Adoor Gopalakrishnan, India)
Singapore International Film Festival
Winner A Borrowed Life (Wu Nien-jen, Taiwan)
Special Mention Mee Pok Man (Eric Khoo, Singapore)
1996
Berlin International Film Festival
Winner ...And the Moon Dances (Garin Nugroho, Indonesia)
Special Mention Heaven-6-Box (Hiroyuki Oki, Japan)
Busan International Film Festival
Winner Three Friends (Yim Soon-rye, South Korea)
International Film Festival Rotterdam
Winner Heartbreak Island (Hsu Hsiao-ming, Taiwan)
Winner Nostalgia for Home Country (Nhat Minh Dang, Vietnam)
Singapore International Film Festival
Winner Good Men, Good Women (Hou Hsiao-hsien, Taiwan)
Special Mention It's a Long Way to the Sea (Jahnu Barua, North India)
1997
Amiens International Film Festival
Winner Somersault in a Coffin (Derviş Zaim, Turkey)
Berlin International Film Festival
Wi |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OLE%20DB%20for%20OLAP | OLE DB for OLAP (Object Linking and Embedding Database for Online Analytical Processing abbreviated ODBO) is a Microsoft published specification and an industry standard for multi-dimensional data processing. ODBO is the standard application programming interface (API) for exchanging metadata and data between an OLAP server and a client on a Windows platform. ODBO extends the ability of OLE DB to access multi-dimensional (OLAP) data stores.
Description
ODBO is the most widely supported, multi-dimensional API to date. Platform-specific to Microsoft Windows, ODBO was specifically designed for Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) systems by Microsoft as an extension to Object Linking and Embedding Database (OLE DB). ODBO uses Microsoft’s Component Object Model.
ODBO permits independent software vendors (ISVs) and corporate developers to create a single set of standard interfaces that allow OLAP clients to access multi-dimensional data, regardless of vendor or data source. ODBO is currently supported by a wide spectrum of server and client tools.
When exposing the ODBO interface, the underlying multi-dimensional database must also support the MDX Query Language. XML for Analysis is a newer interface to MDX Data Sources that is often supported in parallel with ODBO.
See also
XML for Analysis
References
External links
Microsoft – Developed ODBO standard
MSDN – Multidimensional Expressions Reference
The OLAP Report – Independent research resource for organizations buying and implementing OLAP applications
Computer programming
Online analytical processing |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lists%20of%20United%20States%20network%20television%20schedules | This article gives a list of United States network television schedules including prime time (since 1946), daytime (since 1947), late night (since 1950), overnight (since 2020), morning (since 2021), and afternoon (since 2021). The variously three to six larger commercial U.S. television networks each has its schedule. which is altered each year (and usually more frequently), and the introductions and relevant articles provide a comprehensive review for each year, from the 1946 season to the present.
Public broadcasting in the U.S. has often been more decentralized, and less likely to have a single network feed appear across most of the country (though some latter-day public networks such as World Channel and Create have had more in-pattern clearance than National Educational Television or its successor PBS have had). Also, local stations can and have deviated occasionally or frequently from commercial network schedules for a variety of reasons.
1940s
1950s
1960s
1970s
1980s
1990s
2000s
2010s
2020s
Lists of television lists |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shard%20of%20Spring | Shard of Spring is a role-playing video game developed by TX Digital Illusions and published by Strategic Simulations for the Apple II, Commodore 64 and DOS computers in 1986. Shard of Spring tells the story of a group of adventurers hired to retrieve the titular magical item stolen by a power-hungry evil witch. The game was generally well received upon its release and was followed by a sequel titled Demon's Winter in 1988.
Gameplay
The player's party in Shard of Spring can be made up of at least two human, dwarf, elf, troll or gnome adventurers, each of whom can be either a warrior or a wizard (both classes have very different set of traits to assign points to). The game's game world system is displayed in the top-down view, and the combat system for the fights (mostly random encounters) is similar to turn-based tactical war games. Its spell system is based on five elements: fire, metal, wind, ice and spirit.
Plot
For two centuries, a small island of Ymros enjoyed eternal springtime thanks to the enchanted Shard of Spring, a piece of the long-lost legendary Life Stone. However, three years ago, the land's peace was shattered when a mysterious Siriadne arrived to Ymros and stole the Shard. With the threat of the Shard's destruction, the selfish sorceress and her minions now extort a ruinous and ever-increasing tribute from the people of Ymros. Anyone who might put an end to her tyranny will be a hero for all time to come. The aim of the game is to gain access to Siriadne's castle (which is encircled by a magical force field) and defeat her. The player needs to kill Siriadne's chief followers Devon the Destroyer, Ralith (in Ralith's Tower) and Edrin (in Edrin's Dungeon) so the party can storm Siriadne's Fortress. Siriadne herself transforms into a dragon for the final battle. After the player's victory, the game ends in a cryptic way.
Reception
SSI sold 11,942 copies of Shard of Spring in North America. The game was generally well received upon its release. According to QuestBusters, "anyone completely burned out on the 'seek and slay' scenario should look elsewhere," but "Phantasie fans who found Wizard's Crown too complex will appreciate this one, which combines the best elements of each - easily making it SSI's best game since the original Phantasie." Scorpia of Computer Gaming World gave the game a positive review in 1986, noting it as a good hack and slash type. The graphics were considered well-done, even in monochrome, but the reviewer felt leveling in the later part of the game went far too slowly. In 1993, she called Shard of Spring "a typical hack-and-slash romp" but "not bad for its type, and better than some". On the other hand, Philippa Irving in Zzap!64 criticized the game's "lacklustre" presentation (55%) and "dull" graphics 65%, but nevertheless gave Shard of Spring a high overall rating of 88%, calling it "just short of brilliant" due to its "absorbing, tantalizing, and satisfying" playability. Rick Teverbaugh of RUN also gave |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Luby | Michael George Luby is a mathematician and computer scientist, CEO of BitRipple, senior research scientist at the International Computer Science Institute (ICSI), former VP Technology at Qualcomm, co-founder and former chief technology officer of Digital Fountain. In coding theory he is known for leading the invention of the Tornado codes and the LT codes. In cryptography he is known for his contributions showing that any one-way function can be used as the basis for private cryptography, and for his analysis, in collaboration with Charles Rackoff, of the Feistel cipher construction. His distributed algorithm to find a maximal independent set in a computer network has also been influential.
Luby received his B.Sc. in mathematics from Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1975. In 1983 he was awarded a Ph.D. in computer science from University of California, Berkeley. In 1996–1997, while at the ICSI, he led the team that invented Tornado codes. These were the first LDPC codes based on an irregular degree design that has proved crucial to all later good LDPC code designs, which provably achieve channel capacity for the erasure channel, and which have linear time encoding and decoding algorithms. In 1998 Luby left ICSI to found the Digital Fountain company, and shortly thereafter in 1998 he invented the LT codes, the first practical fountain codes. Qualcomm acquired Digital Fountain in 2009.
Awards
Luby's publications have won the 2002 IEEE Information Theory Society Information Theory Paper Award for leading the design and analysis of the first irregular LDPC error-correcting codes,
the 2003 SIAM Outstanding Paper Prize for the seminal paper showing how to construct a cryptographically unbreakable pseudo-random generator from any one-way function,
and the 2009 ACM SIGCOMM Test of Time Award.
In 2016 he was awarded the ACM Edsger W. Dijkstra Prize in Distributed Computing; the prize is given "for outstanding papers on the principles of distributed computing, whose significance and impact on the theory and/or practice of distributed computing have been evident for at least a decade", and was awarded to Luby for his work on parallel algorithms for maximal independent sets.
Luby won the 2007 IEEE Eric E. Sumner Award together with Amin Shokrollahi "for bridging mathematics, Internet design and mobile broadcasting as well as successful standardization".
He was given the 2012 IEEE Richard W. Hamming Medal together with Amin Shokrollahi "for the conception, development, and analysis of practical rateless codes".
In 2015, he won the ACM Paris Kanellakis Theory and Practice Award "for groundbreaking contributions to erasure correcting codes, which are essential for improving the quality of video transmission over a variety of networks."
Luby was elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 2014, "for contributions to coding theory including the inception of rateless codes".
In 2015 he was elected as a Fellow of the Association for Computing Ma |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periphere%20Computer%20Systeme | Periphere Computer Systeme (PCS) was founded in Munich by the brothers Georg and Eberhard Färber in 1969. In the 1980s and 1990s it was a manufacturer of a line of UNIX-based workstations called "". Their flavor of System V was called ; it was the first port of System V performed in Germany. They also developed a networking protocol that was based on the Newcastle Connection ("UNIXes of the World Unite!") and dubbed MUNIX/net, at the time competing with Sun Microsystems' NFS.
In addition to UNIX computers, PCS also manufactured industrial terminals.
In 1985, PCS founded a US daughter company named Cadmus Computer Systems to distribute the workstations in the US.
Eventually, PCS was bought out by Mannesmann-Kienzle, which in turn was bought out by Ken Olsen to become part of DEC, Digital Equipment Corporation. The main driver for the buyouts was a client/server ERP product developed by a dynamic young team at Mannesmann Kienzle Software, competing with SAP R/3. Ken Olson had planned to diversify the corporation, but was ousted by shareholders who did not share his vision of no longer relying on the more and more commoditized computer systems sale and rather jump on the ERP bandwagon early on. One of the reasons for naming DECs last line of CPUs (AlphaAXP) was that they were intended to be sold as the Alpha and the Omega (codename for the ERP system).
As a result, Digital-Kienzle, including its PCS subsidiary, entered into a staff buy-out of the company, in part sponsored by some of the German states. The timing of this decision pulled the financial bottom out of the whole setup in terms of the ERP system that was just getting a decent foothold in the market. As a result, there is not much left to be said or heard about said ERP system. In the late 1980s, whenever Mannesmann-Kienzle's representatives were speaking at conferences prior to SAP's presenters, SAP during Q&A usually had to state that they were planning to be in their development of R/3 where the "Omega"-team already had arrived at.
One of the more prominent figures of the former PCS might be Jürgen Gulbins, who authored several books on Unix and related tools, as well as Jordan Hubbard, who spent several years at PCS (in the X11 group) before departing for Ireland, where he co-founded the FreeBSD project.
See also
Super-root (a feature of MUNIX)
Karlsruhe Accurate Arithmetic (for Cadmus computer)
Pascal-SC (for Cadmus computer)
References
Defunct computer companies of Germany |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VMPS | VMPS may refer to:
Vivekanand Memorial Public School, a school in Raisinghnagar, India
VLAN Management Policy Server, a networking protocol
Veritone Minimum Phase Speakers, a manufacturer of loudspeakers |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datah%20Dawai%20Airport | Datah Dawai Airport or Datah Dawai Airport is an airport in Long Lunuk, Long Pahangai, Mahakam Ulu Regency, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. It is the only airport in Mahakam Ulu, providing the only air service in the area. Susi Air has one daily flight from Datah Dawai to Samarinda, for a total of 12 seats daily. The airport was located near Kapuas River, the longest river in Borneo and the longest river in Indonesia. It was surrounded by high trees and green forest.
Airport
The airport does not have a radio control tower, and only handles pioneer flights. It is controlled by the local government of Mahakam Ulu Regency, particularly by the Local People's Representative.
In 2013, an upgrade was planned for the airport. In 2015, the runway of the airport was lengthened and upgraded by the Indonesian government. Located near the border of Indonesia and Malaysia, the airport needs serious attention from the local government. The runway of the airport was upgraded from 850 x 23 to 1.600 x 30. Infrastructures near the airport were also upgraded by the local government. The process was done by the help of the Indonesian National Army, through Operation Bhakti Kartika Jaya. A road connecting from Long Bagun, the capital of Mahakam Ulu regency, to the airport, was also built by the Army. At the end of 2015, the upgradation had finished, with aircraft as large as a Lockheed Hercules C-130 and ATR-72 could land at the airport. This would boost the economy of Mahakam Ulu regency. The funding of the sustainability of the airport had been assessed by the local government. They planned to have a land clearing at the airport.
Airlines and destinations
Accidents and incidents
On 18 November 2000, Dirgantara Air Service Flight 3130 crashed shortly after taking off from Datah Dawai Airport. No one was killed in the crash, but all 18 people on board were injured, 11 seriously. The aircraft was a total loss, with the front section suffered the biggest impact forces. Investigation determined that the plane was overloaded, and the lack of security in Datah Dawai causes a high chances of bribery.
References
External links
Mahakam Ulu Regency
Airports in East Kalimantan |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20programs%20broadcast%20by%20TBS | This is a list of television programs formerly and currently broadcast by the cable television channel TBS in the United States.
Current programming
Original programming
Comedy
Miracle Workers (2019)
Animation
American Dad! (2014; moved from Fox)
Unscripted
Game show
The Cube (2021)
Wipeout (2021; moved from ABC)
Reality
AEW All Access (2023)
I Survived Bear Grylls (2023)
Movie presentation
Friday Night Vibes (2021)
Sports programming
Major League Baseball on TBS (2008)
NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament (2011)
ELeague (2016)
NBA All-Star Game (TNT simulcast, 2015–present; Players-only feed, 2019)
NHL on TBS (2022; Stanley Cup playoffs)
Pro wrestling
AEW Dynamite (2022; moved from TNT)
Acquired programming
Comedy
Family Matters (1995–2003; 2020)
Friends (2001)
The Big Bang Theory (2011)
Young Sheldon (2021)
Modern Family (2023)
Unscripted
Wipeout (2008 version) (2013–14; 2020)
Impractical Jokers (2019; truTV simulcast for new episodes, 2023)
Upcoming programming
Original programming
Animation
Hellicious (TBA)
Reality
The Joe Schmo Show (2024)
Variety
Stupid Pet Tricks (TBA)
Former programming
Original programming
Comedy
Down to Earth (1984–87)
Rocky Road (1984–87)
Safe at Home (1985–89)
The New Leave It to Beaver (1986–89)
The Chimp Channel (1999)
10 Items or Less (2006–09)
My Boys (2006–10)
Tyler Perry's House of Payne (2006–12; moved to BET)
The Bill Engvall Show (2007–09)
Meet the Browns (2009–11)
Are We There Yet? (2010–13)
Glory Daze (2010–11)
Tyler Perry's For Better or Worse (2011–12; moved to OWN)
Men at Work (2012–14)
Sullivan & Son (2012–14)
Wedding Band (2012–13)
Cougar Town (2013–15; moved from ABC)
Ground Floor (2013–15)
Clipped (2015)
Meet the Smiths (2015)
Your Family or Mine (2015)
Angie Tribeca (2016–18)
People of Earth (2016–17)
Search Party (2016–17; moved to HBO Max)
The Detour (2016–19)
Wrecked (2016–18)
The Guest Book (2017–18)
The Last O.G. (2018–21)
Chad (2021; moved to The Roku Channel)
Soap opera
The Catlins (1983–85)
Animation
Neighbors from Hell (2010)
Tarantula (2017)
Final Space (2018; moved to Adult Swim)
Close Enough (2021–22; moved from HBO Max)
Unscripted
Game show
Starcade (1982–84)
Trust Me, I'm a Game Show Host (2013)
Who Gets the Last Laugh? (2013)
Bam's Bad Ass Game Show (2014)
Separation Anxiety (2016)
The Joker's Wild (2017–19)
The Misery Index (2019–21)
Late night
Tush (1980–81)
Lopez Tonight (2009–11)
Conan (2010–21)
The Pete Holmes Show (2013–14)
Full Frontal with Samantha Bee (2016–22)
Reality
Court TV: Inside America's Courts (1995–96)
Ripley's Believe It or Not! (2000–03)
Worst Case Scenarios (2002)
House Rules (2003)
He's a Lady (2004)
The Mansion (2004)
The Real Gilligan's Island (2004–05)
Daisy Does America (2005–06)
Minding the Store (2005)
Frank TV (2007–08)
Deal With It (2013–14)
Deon Cole's Black Box (2013)
King of the Nerds (2013–15)
CeeLo Green's The Good Life (2014)
Funniest Wins (2014)
Funny or Die Presents: America's Next Weatherman (2015)
America's Gr |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual%20telecine | A virtual telecine is a piece of video equipment that can play back data files in real time. The colorist-video operator controls the virtual telecine like a normal telecine, although without controls like focus and framing. The data files can be from a Spirit DataCine, motion picture film scanner (like a Cineon), CGI animation computer, or an Acquisition professional video camera. The normal input data file standard is DPX. The output of data files are often used in digital intermediate post-production using a film recorder for film-out. The control room for the virtual telecine is called the color suite.
The 2000 movie O Brother, Where Art Thou? was scanned with Spirit DataCine, color corrected with a VDC-2000 and a Pandora Int. Pogle Color Corrector with MegaDEF. A Kodak Lightning II film recorder was used to output the data back on to film.
Virtual telecines are also used in film restoration.
Another advantage of a virtual telecine is once the film is on the storage array the frames may be played over and over again without damage or dirt to the film. This would be the case for outputting to different TV standards (NTSC or PAL) or formats: (pan and scan, letterboxed, or other aspect ratio. Restoration, special effect, color grading, and other changes can be applied to the data file frames before playout.
Virtual telecine is like a "tape to tape" color correction process, but with the difference of: higher resolution (2k or 4k) and the use of film restoration tools with standards-aspect ratio tools.
2k virtual DataCine products
First virtual telecine by Philips, now Grass Valley a Thomson SA Brand:
VDC-2000 Virtual DataCine
Specter FS Virtual DataCine
These are able to play out 2k data files in non-linear real time. Size, rotation and color correction-color grading are all able to be done in real time controlled by a telecine color corrector. A Silicon Graphics-SGI computer, an Origin 2000, is used to play the data files to "Spirit DataCine hardware". The Virtual DataCine can output SDTV (NTSC or PAL) and HDTV-high definition or Data files DPX (or TIF), the same as the Datacine. First generation input/output interface for data files as the optical fiber HIPPI cables (up to 6 frame/s at 2k), the next generation interface is GSN-Gigabit Ethernet fibre Optic (up to 30 frame/s at 2k). GSN is also called HIPPI-6400 and was later renamed GSN (for Gigabyte System Network). The SAN hard disk are interfaces to the Virtual DataCine by dual FC-Fibre Channel, cables.
Real time 2k Color Correction is done by a Pandora International's Pogle with a MegaDEF. Input and output 3D LUT-Look up tables are also used to control the look and standard of the clips.
On a Spirit Datacine Phantom TransferEngine software running on an SGI computer or Bones Linux-based software is used to record the DPX files from the Spirit DataCine. These files are stored in the virtual telecine or on a SAN hard disk storage array.
The end product was accomplished by playing the |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VESA%20Enhanced%20Video%20Connector | The VESA Enhanced Video Connector (EVC) is a VESA standard that was intended to reduce the number of cables around a computer by incorporating video, audio, FireWire and USB into a single cable system, terminating in a 35-pin Molex MicroCross connector. The intent was to make the monitor the central point of connection. The EVC physical standard was ratified in November 1994, and the pinout and signaling standard followed one year later.
History
The Video Electronic Standards Association (VESA) began working on a successor to the VGA connector for analog video and released the EVC physical standard in November 1994, followed by a pinout and signal standard in November 1995. After the P&D standard was released in June 1997, revisions to the EVC standards were issued in November 1997.
EVC was used for few products, perhaps most commonly found on the HP9000 B/C/J-class workstations introduced in 1997. Although EVC did not find favour with computer manufacturers, it evolved into the somewhat more popular VESA Plug and Display (P&D) standard using a physically identical 35-pin interface with a different shell, capable of transmitting video (both analog and digital) and data. Digital Visual Interface (DVI, 1999), essentially a modified version of P&D stripped of the data signals with higher maximum resolution by adding a second, three-pair digital video channel, would become the industry standard for digital video connections and achieved widespread implementation.
Technical
A VESA EVC connector is capable of carrying analog video (VGA-based) output, video input (composite or S-video), FireWire, analog stereo audio (input and output), and USB signals. Analog video is carried by the C1–C4 pins surrounding the C5 crossed ground plane; this was a development of the 13W3 connector, which was typically fitted to high-end workstations and had three miniature coaxial terminals embedded in the connector. The quasi-coaxial "MicroCross" developed by Molex provided comparable shielding performance with a simpler assembly. The physical arrangement of the EVC pins is identical to the newer VESA Plug and Display (P&D), which carries digital video over the pins used in EVC to carry analog audio (input and output) and video input. The connectors can be distinguished by the shape of the shell: the shell of the EVC connector is shaped like an isosceles trapezoid, similar to the shell of a D-subminiature connector, while the P&D connector instead has a "D"-shaped shell, similar to a DVI connector.
The updated EVC standards in 1997 gave it the alternate name P&D-A, linking it to the P&D family of connectors, which had been released earlier that year and specified an analog & digital video connector (P&D-A/D) and a digital-only video connector (P&D-D).
See also
HDI-45 connector, a proprietary standard developed contemporaneously by Apple, also intended to consolidate multiple cables
References
VESA Enhanced Video Connector from the PCMAG.com encyclopedia. Includes |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish%20Informatics%20Olympiad | The Turkish Informatics Olympiad () is an annual programming contest organized by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) since 1993. The contest consists of two main parts, and as a result of these two, national medals are given to winners. Four of the medal winners, after a training camp and some tests, establish the Turkish National Team for participation in IOI.
The First Round
The Summer Camp
About twenty five of the successful students, who have not been invited before, are invited to summer camp. In this two-week-long camp, the participants are taught C language as well as fundamental algorithmic knowledge. The attitude and progress of the students are recorded for future decisions about the selection of the national team.
The Second Round
The second round exam is five-hour-long and contain three problems similar to those of International Olympiad in Informatics(IOI) The exam takes place in Middle East Technical University of Ankara. The successful students are rewarded. Two gold, four silvers and six bronze medals are given to the winners.
The Winter Camp
The medalists as well as some other successful participants are invited to the winter camp. In this camp, students are taught in the branches of combinatorics, computer game theory, advanced algorithms and data structures. The progress of the students as well as completion of the given homework and problems are watched carefully. Progress in the camp, success in the test at the end of the camp as well as success in two-day-long team selection test are the criteria for the national team.
External links
TURKBOT, Soner Yılmaz)
Resmi WebSitesi, Ulusal Bilgisayar Olimpiyatları
Looking For Programmers
Programming contests
Competitions in Turkey
Annual events in Turkey
1993 establishments in Turkey
Recurring events established in 1993
Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active%20Setup | Active Setup is a mechanism for executing commands once per user early during login. Active Setup is used by some Microsoft Windows operating system components like Internet Explorer to set up an initial configuration for new users logging on for the first time. Active Setup is also used in some corporations’ software distribution systems to create an initial customized user environment.
Active Setup uses both machine-specific data and user-specific data. The machine part consists of a list of components identified by a GUID each. The user part is basically a mirror of the machine data, but it does not initially exist in new user profiles. Whenever a user logs on, Active Setup checks if each machine part component GUID is present in the user part. If not, the component’s command is executed and the component's GUID is added in the user part. If it is already present, the current user profile has already been modified and no further action is taken.
Active Setup is executed by explorer.exe. For that reason it does not run in Citrix XenApp / Microsoft RDS published applications.
References
External links
AppDeploy: Articles: ActiveSetup
Windows components |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American%20Farmer | American Farmer was a public affairs radio program featuring farm news and information of value to listeners in rural America.
It was heard on the ABC radio network from 1945 to 1963, airing on Saturdays and heard in a variety of timeslots on different ABC affiliates throughout the day. One of the contributors was Layne R. Beaty, as noted in his obituary by Yvonne Shinhoster Lamb.
A typical American Farmer program was described in the Portsmouth Times of Portsmouth, Ohio when it covered Saturday programming in its Friday "Tuning in the Airwaves" highlights for July 13, 1947. The column noted that "government experts will report on the status of the nation's corn crop" during the next day's broadcast of American Farmer.
References
External links
The Papers of Layne R. Beaty
ABC radio programs
1940s American radio programs
1950s American radio programs
1960s American radio programs |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PAJ | PAJ stands for
PAJ (journal), originally Performing Arts Journal, a triannual art magazine
Parachinar Airport's IATA code
Industrial Property Digital Library or Patent Abstracts of Japan, a database of English abstracts of Japanese patent documents
Petroleum Association of Japan |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20Adventure%20Island | is a side-scrolling platform game by Hudson Soft originally released for the PC Engine/TurboGrafx-16 in 1992 and later re-released for the Virtual Console service in 2007 and the PlayStation Network in 2011. It is the fourth game in the Adventure Island series, released shortly after Super Adventure Island for the SNES, but before Adventure Island 3 for the NES.
Plot
While Master Higgins and Tina are leaving the church after getting married, a shadowy figure called Baron Bronsky and six of his underlings kidnap Tina and some of the island children. The player controls Higgins through six stages with four areas each (the fourth area being a boss battle) to rescue the children, and then finally defeat Baron Bronsky in his fortress to rescue Tina.
Gameplay
The rules and controls of the game are almost identical to those from the original Adventure Island, aside for the ability to get bonus points for finishing a stage with a skateboard. This time Higgins has a choice of four weapons to pick up from: the standard axe, a boomerang, arrows and fireballs (the last one can only be found inside hidden eggs). In some hidden eggs, a PC Engine controller item can spawn, which when collected gives the player 2000 points.
References
External links
1992 video games
Adventure Island (franchise)
Hudson Soft games
Now Production games
Platformers
PlayStation Network games
Single-player video games
TurboGrafx-16 games
Video games developed in Japan
Video games set on fictional islands
Virtual Console games
Virtual Console games for Wii U
Turbo Technologies games |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-research | The term e-Research (alternately spelled eResearch) refers to the use of information technology to support existing and new forms of research. This extends cyber-infrastructure practices established in STEM fields such as e-Science to cover other all research areas, including HASS fields such as digital humanities.
Principles
Practices in e-Research typically aim to improve efficiency, interconnectedness and scalability across the full research data lifecycle: collection, storage, analysis, visualisation and sharing of data.
E-Research therefore involves collaboration of researchers (often in a multi-disciplinary team), with data scientists and computer scientists, data stewards and digital librarians, and significant information and communication technology infrastructure.
In addition to human resources, it often requires the physical infrastructure for data-intensive activities, often using high performance computing systems such as grid computing.
Applications
Examples of e-Research problems range across disciplines which include:
Modelling of ecosystems or economies
Exploration of human genome structures
Studies of large linguistic corpora
Integrated social policy analyses
In Australia
Specialist services, centres or programmes instituted to support Australian data and technology intensive research operate under the umbrella term: eResearch. In March 2012, representatives from these eResearch groups came together to discuss the need build a "collaborative program to strengthen eResearch and address issues facing the sector nationally". The Australian eResearch Organisation (AeRO) emerged from this forum as "a collaborative organisation of national and state-based research organisations to advance eResearch implementation and innovation in Australia". Professionals working in Australian eResearch annually convene a conference known as: eResearch Australasia.
See also
Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing (BOINC)
e-Science
References
External links
New Zealand eScience Infrastructure (NeSI)
Centre for eResearch, University of Auckland
eResearch, the University of Michigan
Research Paper Service
Oxford e-Research Centre
Centre for eResearch and Digital Innovation (CeRDI) at Federation University
University of Cape Town eResearch Centre
Research
Information technology |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim%20Cox%20%28historian%29 | Jim Cox, a retired college professor living in Louisville, Kentucky, is a leading historian on the subject of radio programming in the 20th century. He has written extensively on the history of radio from the 1920s to the present.
Books
Through McFarland & Company and Scarecrow Press, Cox has published more than 15 books, including the recent Radio Speakers: Narrators, News Junkies, Sports Jockeys, Tattletales, Tipsters, Toastmasters and Coffee Klatch Couples Who Verbalized the Jargon of the Aural Ether from the 1920s to the 1980s—A Biographical Dictionary (2007). The book profiles of more than 1,100 "radio speakers", including Red Barber, H. V. Kaltenborn, Dorothy Kilgallen, Edward R. Murrow, Louella Parsons and Walter Winchell.
Other books by Cox include The Daytime Serials of Television, 1946–1960 (2006), Historical Dictionary of American Radio Soap Operas (2005), Music Radio (2005), Mr. Keen, Tracer of Lost Persons (2004), Frank and Anne Hummert’s Radio Factory (2003), Radio Crime Fighters (2002), Say Goodnight, Gracie: The Last Years of Network Radio (2002), The Great Radio Audience Participation Shows (2001), The Great Radio Soap Operas (1999) and Rails Across Dixie (2011).
Awards
At the Friends of Old Time Radio Convention, vintage radio's largest annual event, Cox was the recipient of the 2002 Ray Stanich Award, given annually for prolific research and writing on the subject of old time radio. Cox is a frequent guest at the Mid-Atlantic Nostalgia Convention, held annually in Aberdeen, Maryland.
While Cox contributes to vintage radio club newsletters and nostalgia periodicals, his range of interests also includes travel, railroads, swimming, baseball, history and government. An active churchman, husband, father and grandfather, he volunteers weekly with charitable organizations. In 2007, Cox received the Stone-Waterman Award presented by the Cincinnati Old Time Radio and Nostalgia Convention for outstanding contributions to the preservation of old time radio history.
References
Frank and Anne Hummert's Radio Factory: The Programs and Personalities of Broadcasting's Most Prolific Producers. McFarland Publishing, 2003.
Say Goodnight, Gracie: The Last Years of Network Radio. McFarland Publishing, 2002.
The Great Radio Audience Participation Shows. McFarland Publishing, 2001.
The Great Radio Soap Operas. McFarland Publishing, 1999.
Mr. Keen, Tracer of Lost Persons: A Complete History and Episode Log of Radio's Most Durable Detective. McFarland Publishing, 2004.
Radio Crime Fighters. McFarland Publishing, 2005.
Radio Speakers: Narrators, News Junkies, Sports Jockeys, Tattletales, Tipsters, Toastmasters and Coffee Klatch Couples Who Verbalized the Jargon of the Aural Ether from the 1920s to the 1980s—A Biographical Dictionary. McFarland Publishing, 2007.
External links
Radio Recall: Interview with Jim Cox
The Great Radio Sitcoms. McFarland & Co., 2007.
21st-century American historians
American male non-fiction writers
American informa |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadway%20tram%20stop | Broadway is a tram stop on the Eccles Line of Greater Manchester's light rail Metrolink system. It opened to passengers on 12 June 1999 as part of Phase 2 of the network's expansion, and is located in the Salford Quays area of the City of Salford, in North West England.
Services
Service pattern
12 minute service to Ashton-under-Lyne (via MediaCityUK at offpeak times).
12 minute service to Eccles.
Connecting bus routes
Broadway tram stop is served by Diamond Bus North West service 29 and Stagecoach Manchester service 50, linking Salford Shopping Centre in Pendleton, Salford Crescent railway station, Salford University, Salford Central railway station, Manchester and East Didsbury with Salford Quays and MediaCityUK.
References
External links
Broadway Stop Information
Broadway area map
Tram stops in Salford
Salford Quays |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WDON%20%28AM%29 | WDON (1540 AM) is a radio station broadcasting on 1540 kHz in the medium wave AM band, airing Spanish-language Catholic programming known as Radio Vida en Abundancia (Life in Abundance Radio). Its transmitter is located in Wheaton, Maryland, United States, and it serves the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area. WDON has a daytime transmitter power of 5,000 watts, reaching as far north as Frederick County in Maryland and as far south as Stafford and Prince William Counties in Virginia.
History
Early history (1953–1981)
Founded by Everett L. Dillard, WDON first signed on December 4, 1953 with a daytime-only, 250-watt signal. Dillard named the call sign after his son Don, who was also a DJ at the station. Don Dillard is credited for introducing rock and roll to Washington radio and also played rhythm and blues, doo-wop, and rockabilly on his shows; he was popular among white teenagers in Northwest Washington and suburbs in neighboring Montgomery County, Maryland.
By the early 1960s, WDON shifted its format to country. Following a two-year construction permit, WDON officially increased its power to 1 kW in 1962. In the 1970s, it was an oldies station, and then briefly "Disco D-O-N". Later in the 1970s, WDON changed its format to religion.
As a Spanish-language station (1981–present)
WDON changed its call sign to WMDO on September 8, 1981. Nearly two weeks later on September 24, California-based Lotus Communications purchased WMDO. On December 14 that year, WMDO launched a full-time Spanish format branded "Radio Mundo" featuring news, public service announcements, and music targeted towards Central and South American immigrants in the Washington area. which was later co-owned by Los Cerezos Television Company with the Washington market's first Univision television station (which is now WMDO-CD).
In 1997, Alejandro Carrasco leased the station; the call letters changed to WACA. A native of the Dominican Republic, he came to the United States in the 1970s. While attending Montgomery College in 1979, he worked as a DJ at student parties and master of ceremonies at weddings. The news staff at 1540 AM (then Radio Mundo, WMDO) discovered him at a wedding, and hired him as an anchor in 1983. Carrasco later moved to Radio Borinquen (900 AM in Laurel), rising to be general manager, and then returned to WACA to begin a 30-minute morning show, (Heating Up the Morning), in 1987. Carrasco leased WACA and its transmitter in 1997 and then bought the station when the lease expired in 2000, naming it "Radio América".
In 2019, Carrasco purchased the 900 kHz facility and moved Radio América programming there. 1540 kHz was leased out that January and switched to Spanish-language Christian programming as Vida en Abundancia. In 2021, Renovación Media Group, headed by Father Roberto Cortés Campos, purchased the station for $700,000; the WACA call letters moved to 900 upon the consummation of the sale, and the WDON call letters returned to Wheaton for the first time in |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport%20in%20Luton | Luton is a town in the United Kingdom less than north of the centre of London, and has good transport links via the motorway network and the National Rail system. Luton is also home to Luton Airport, one of the major feeder airports for London and the southeast. The town is also served by buses run by Arriva Herts & Essex and other operators and has a guided busway. As a Unitary Authority, Luton Borough Council is responsible for local highways and public transport in the borough.
Road
Luton is served by the M1 Motorway (London-Leeds), the A6 (Luton-Carlisle) and the A505 (Sawston-Leighton Buzzard).
Nearby settlements accessible by the road network include Milton Keynes and St Albans (via the M1), Bedford (via the A6), and Dunstable, Leighton Buzzard and Hitchin (via the A505).
Rail
Luton is served by three railway stations on the Midland Main Line: Luton, Luton Airport Parkway and Leagrave.
As of January 2023, Govia Thameslink Railway runs the Thameslink route north to Bedford and south to Brighton, Three Bridges and Rainham via central London stations. There are limited peak time services to East Grinstead, Orpington and Sutton.
East Midlands Railway operates semi-fast "EMR Connect" services between London St Pancras and Corby, calling at Luton and Luton Airport Parkway. They also operate limited services to Melton Mowbray, Nottingham and Sheffield from these stations.
Bus and coach services
Bus services are primarily operated by Arriva Herts & Essex, Centrebus and Grant Palmer. A number of longer distance coach services operate from Luton Station Interchange and the Luton Airport bus station.
Luton to Dunstable Busway
The Luton to Dunstable Busway is a guided bus connecting Dunstable, Houghton Regis and Luton with Luton Airport. The guided busway runs for 13.4 kilometres (8.3 miles) and was opened in September 2013.
Luton Airport
Luton Airport is from Junction 10 of the M1 and is the fourth-largest airport serving the London area, after Heathrow, Gatwick and Stansted, and is one of London's six international airports along with London City Airport and London Southend Airport. The airport is a hub for EasyJet, TUI Airways and Ryanair.
Luton DART
A, automated people mover/light rail transit line links Luton Airport with Luton Airport Parkway. It opened in March 2023 and, after an initial trial run, will provide a 24-hour service to and from the airport. It is expect to open 24 hours per day three weeks later.
References |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World%20Association%20of%20Chefs%27%20Societies | The World Association of Chefs' Societies (WACS), is a global network of chefs associations first founded in October 1928 at the Sorbonne in Paris. At that first congress there were 65 delegates from 17 countries, representing 36 national and international associations, and the venerable August Escoffier was named the first Honorary President of WACS. Today, this global body has 72 official chefs associations as members. The biennial congress is a hallmark tradition of WACS and has been organized in over 20 cities across the world throughout its illustrious 74-year history, WACS is managed by an elected presidential body consisting of the WACS president, vice president, treasurer, secretary general and ambassador honorary president, as well as a board of continental directors that look after the regions of Asia, Europe, Africa, the Pacific and the Americas. A separate committee manages all culinary competition-related affairs.
History
End of 19th Century Contact between various chef associations established.
1919 International labour office opens in Geneva, Switzerland
1920 Swiss cook federation introduces the idea of an international chef association in May.
1928 WACS established in Sorbonne, Paris.August Escoffier appointed as the first honorary president.
1930 Congress held in Paris, France
1936 Congress held in Nice, France
1939/45 WWII breaks out and contact between WACS members are suspended
1949 SKV secretary W. Salzmann and the Swiss cook federation reinstate WACS
1951 Congress held in Frankfurt, Germany. Switzerland assumes WACS presidency
1954 Congress held in Berne, Switzerland
1956 Congress held in Frankfurt, Germany. Austria assumes WACS presidency
1958 Congress held in Brussels, Belgium
1960 Congress held in Vienna, Austria. Germany assumes WACS presidency
1962 Congress held in Stockholm, Sweden
1964 Congress held in Frankfurt, Germany. Switzerland assumes WACS presidency
1966 Congress held in Tel Aviv, Israel
1968 WACS celebrates its 40th anniversary. Congress held in Geneva, Switzerland. Austria assumes WACS presidency
1970 Congress held in Budapest, Hungary
1972 Congress held in Frankfurt, Germany. German cook federation takes over presidency
1974 Congress held in Banff, Canada. Landmark meeting between members from different continents. Emile Perrin is selected to honorary presidents
1976 Congress held in Frankfurt, Germany. France assumes WACS presidency
1978 Congress held in Paris, France
1980 Congress in Rome, Italy. Canada assumes WACS presidency
1982 Congress in Vienna, Austria and Budapest, Hungary
1984 Congress in Orlando, USA. Canada retains WACS presidency
1986 Congress held in Ljubljana, Slovenia
1988 WACS celebrates its 60th anniversary. Congress held in Johannesburg, South Africa. Germany assumes WACS presidency
1990 Congress held in Singapore
1992 Congress held in Frankfurt, Germany. USA assumes WACs presidency
1994 Congress held in Stavanger, Norway
1996 Congress held in Jerusalem, Israel. South Africa assumes W |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Access%20For%20Learning%20Community | The Access For Learning Community, or A4L, is a global, not-for-profit corporation committed to providing solutions in the education data space and supporting the use of standards by schools, districts, states, countries, and education vendors. It has regional chapters in the US, UK, AU, and New Zealand.
It was formerly known as the Schools Interoperability Framework Association, or SIFA. The name was changed in May 2015.
A4L members collaborate on a variety of technical standards sometimes collectively known as the Schools Interoperability Framework. A4L publishes these standards, and advocates their adoption and provides training and support services. It also offers an SIF Certification trademark licensing program. The name change to Access For Learning (A4L) represents a shift to a more solution oriented vision rather than merely advocating for the SIF specification- including using multiple standards to solve school and district problems.
The organization includes more than 1000 members as of 2015, including government agencies, school districts, public advocacy organization and vendors of Schools Interoperability Framework products.
History
Founded as a working group for "Schools Interoperability Framework" in 1997 by vendors under the auspices of the Software and Information Industry Association. In April 2003, SIFA was incorporated and activities within SIF project of the SIIA were transferred to the current corporation. On May 20, 2015 the name of the organization was changed to the Access For Learning Community, as an indicator of a new emphasis on being over all solutions-oriented for the community rather than strictly advocating the SIF specification.
Organization
A4L Members elect officials every year for terms on the Association's Board of Directors. There is a global Board of Directors and a Management Board for each region supported by the community- the US, UK, AU and New Zealand.
Likewise each region has a Technical Board. Each regional Technical Board is composed of the Lead of each A4L Project Team and Task Force and four members elected At-Large by the membership. The A4L Technical Board Members serve a one-year term.
Members
A4L members collaborate on a variety of technical standards sometimes collectively known as the Schools Interoperability Framework (or "SIF").
See also
Schools Interoperability Framework
References
External links
Official website
Student Data Privacy Consortium (SDPC) Website
Standards organizations in the United States
Standards organizations |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel%20McCormack | Joel McCormack is an American computer scientist who designed the NCR Corporation version of the p-code machine, which is a kind of stack machine popular in the 1970s as the preferred way to implement new computing architectures and languages such as Pascal and BCPL. The NCR design shares no common architecture with the Pascal MicroEngine designed by Western Digital but both were meant to execute the UCSD p-System.[1,2]
P-machine theory
Urs Ammann, a student of Niklaus Wirth, originally presented p-code in his PhD thesis (see Urs Ammann, On Code Generation in a Pascal Compiler, Software: Practice and Experience, Vol. 7, No. 3, 1977, pp. 391–423). The central idea is that a complex software system is coded for a non-existent, fictitious, minimal computer or virtual machine and that computer is realized on specific real hardware with an interpreting computer program that is typically small, simple, and quickly developed. The Pascal programming language had to be re-written for every new computer being acquired, so Ammann proposed writing the system one time to a virtual architecture. The successful academic implementation of Pascal was the UCSD p-System developed by Kenneth Bowles, a professor at UCSD, who began the project of developing a universal Pascal programming environment using the P-machine architecture for the multitude of different computing platforms in use at that time. McCormack was part of a team of undergraduates working on the project.[3] He took this familiarity and experience with him to NCR.
P-machine design
NCR hired McCormack directly out of college.
They had previously developed a bit-sliced hardware implementation of a p-code machine using AMD's AM2900 chipset.
A myriad of timing and performance problems plagued the machine;
McCormack proposed a redesign of the processor, which would have a microsequencer based on programmable logic.
When McCormack left NCR to start Volition Systems he continued his work on the processor as a contractor.
This new CPU used horizontal microcode
which radically enhanced parallelism within the microarchitecture.
These wide, 80-bit microwords allowed the CPU to perform many operations in a single microcycle:
the processor could do an arithmetic operation while also performing a memory read into the internal stack,
or transfer the contents of a register while at the same time reading new data into the ALU.
Resultingly, many of the simpler p-code operations only took one or two microinstructions;
some operations were constructed with tight, single-microword loops.
Two bits per clock selected one of four cycle times for each instruction:
130, 150, or 175 nanoseconds, which generated with a delay line. Faster parts from AMD would have also allowed for a 98 ns cycle time, but there was no correspondingly faster branch control unit. A separate prefetch/instruction formatting unit also used delay lines to generate asynchronous timing signals. This unit had a 32-bit buffer and could decode the n |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stumpers%20%28game%20show%29 | Stumpers! is a game show hosted by Allen Ludden that aired on NBC from October 4 to December 31, 1976. Lin Bolen, former head of NBC Daytime Programming, developed the show. Bill Armstrong was the program's regular announcer, with Charlie O'Donnell filling in for several episodes. The show featured game play similar to Password, with two teams (consisting of one celebrity and one contestant) attempting to guess the subject of puzzles based on clues provided by their opponents.
The series premiered and ended on the same dates as 50 Grand Slam, which immediately followed Stumpers! on the NBC schedule and was hosted by Tom Kennedy.
Main game
Two rounds were played. The object of the game was to solve a "stumper", which was a puzzle consisting of three clues to a person, place, or thing. In round one, each member on a team gave clues to their opposing counterpart (contestant gave clues to contestant, celebrity to celebrity). The clue-giver was shown the three clue words, but not the answer, and read out the one they thought would be least likely to help their opponent guess the stumper.
After each clue was given, the opposing player had five seconds to provide as many guesses as they could. If they failed to solve the stumper, the process was repeated with a second clue, then the third if necessary. A correct guess awarded 15 points on the first clue, 10 on the second, and 5 on the third. If the opposing player could not solve the stumper after the third clue, the clue-giver and their partner could score 15 points with a correct guess.
The first round consisted of four stumpers, with each celebrity and contestant giving clues for a different one. For the second round, two stumpers were played with all point values doubled, and either member of the receiving team could guess after each clue. At the end of two rounds, the higher-scoring team won the game and advanced to the Super Stumpers bonus round.
Ties were broken with one final stumper in which the host read one clue at a time, with anyone from either team able to buzz in. A correct guess won the game, while a miss gave the opposing team a chance to guess. If no one solved the stumper after the third clue, a new one was played.
Bonus round ("Super Stumpers")
The contestant had 60 seconds to solve 10 stumpers in a particular general category, based on clues given by the celebrity. The clues were displayed on a screen above the contestant's head, and the celebrity gave one at a time, trying to give the most helpful clues first. After hearing a clue, the contestant had to say "clue" in order to receive the next one; if the celebrity gave a clue without being thus prompted, the stumper was thrown out and the team forfeited their chance at the top prize. The contestant could offer multiple guesses, and could pass on a stumper and return to it after playing through all 10 if time permitted.
The contestant won $10,000 for guessing all 10 stumpers, or $100 per correct answer otherwise.
Two comp |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matt%20Galloway | Matt Galloway (born 1970/1971) is a Canadian radio personality, who debuted in January 2020 as the host of The Current on CBC Radio One. Previously, he was the host of Metro Morning on the network's Toronto station CBLA-FM from 2010 to 2019. Galloway succeeded Andy Barrie as host of Metro Morning effective March 1, 2010. Galloway has also been heard nationally as a host of Canada Live and Podcast Playlist, and as an occasional guest host of The Current prior to his selection as the program's permanent host.
Early life and education
Galloway was born in Newmarket, Ontario and raised in Kimberley, Ontario to an African-American father and a European-Canadian mother. He is a 1994 graduate of York University in Toronto.
Career
Galloway took over as the new permanent host of The Current on January 6, 2020, succeeding Anna Maria Tremonti to become the national current affairs programme's second permanent host. Galloway's final day as host of Metro Morning was on December 6, 2019.
From 2004 through February 2010 Galloway hosted Here and Now, CBLA's local afternoon program.
Before he became a CBC Radio host he wrote for Toronto alternative weekly NOW, worked as music director for campus radio station CHRY-FM, and was a freelance producer on Brave New Waves.
Personal life
Galloway is an avid cyclist and lives in Toronto with his wife and two daughters.
References
External links
Matt Galloway at CBC.ca
Black Canadian broadcasters
Canadian people of African-American descent
Canadian talk radio hosts
CBC Radio hosts
People from Newmarket, Ontario
People from Grey County
York University alumni
Canadian radio news anchors
1970s births
Living people
Year of birth uncertain
Black Canadian journalists |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LatticeMico32 | LatticeMico32 is a 32-bit microprocessor reduced instruction set computer (RISC) soft core from Lattice Semiconductor optimized for field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). It uses a Harvard architecture, which means the instruction and data buses are separate. Bus arbitration logic can be used to combine the two buses, if desired.
LatticeMico32 is licensed under a free (IP) core license. This means that the Mico32 is not restricted to Lattice FPGAs, and can be legally used on any host architecture (FPGA, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or software emulation, e.g., QEMU). It is possible to embed a LatticeMico32 core into Xilinx and Altera FPGAs, in addition to the Lattice Semiconductor parts the LatticeMico32 was developed for. AMD PowerTune uses LatticeMico32.
The CPU core and the development toolchain are available as source-code, allowing third parties to implement changes to the processor architecture.
Features
RISC load/store architecture
32-bit data path
32-bit fixed-size instructions (all instructions are 32 bits, including jump, call and branch instructions.)
32 general purpose registers (R0 is typically set to zero by convention, however R0 is a standard register and other values may be assigned to it if so desired.)
Up to 32 external interrupts
Configurable instruction set including user defined instructions
Optional configurable caches (direct-mapped or 2-way set-associative, with a variety of cache sizes and arrangements)
Optional pipelined memories
Dual Wishbone memory interfaces (one read-only instruction bus, one read-write data/peripheral bus)
Memory mapped I/O
6 stage pipeline
Toolchain
GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) – C/C++ compiler; LatticeMico32 support is added in GCC 4.5.0, patches are available for support in GCC 4.4.0
Binutils – Assembler, linker, and binary utilities; supports LatticeMico32 since version 2.19
GNU Debugger (GDB) – Debugger
Eclipse – Integrated development environment (IDE)
Newlib – C library
µCos-II, µITRON, RTEMS - real-time operating systems (RTOS)
μClinux – operating system
See also
Milkymist – LatticeMico32-based system on a chip (SoC)
References
External links
, uCLinux port to Milkymist SoC, that uses LatticeMico32
, LatticeMico32 emulator in JavaScript, cf. Fabrice Bellard's jslinux
ERIKA Enterprise (OSEK/VDX API) porting for LatticeMico32
Soft microprocessors |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reza%20Iravani | Mohammad Reza Iravani (in Persian: رضا ایروانی) is a professor in the Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Toronto. He holds the L. Lau Chair in Electrical and Computer Engineering in same department (for two consecutive five-year terms from 2004 to 2014).
Education and career
After obtaining his B.Sc degree in 1976 in electrical engineering from Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Iravani worked as a consulting engineer from 1976 to 1979. He then moved to Canada and received his M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees from the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, in 1981 and 1985, respectively. From 1985 to 1987, he was an assistant professor at the University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario.
He became a fellow of the IEEE in 2003 for his “contributions to power engineering education and modeling, design, and control of power electronic converters for power system applications.” In 2007, he became a fellow of the Royal Society of Canada. He is the Editor-in-Chief of the IEEE Transactions on Power and Advisory Editorial Board member of the International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems. He is also the chair of the IEEE Power Engineering Society on T&D Subcommittee on General Systems. He is a registered Professional Engineer in the Province of Ontario, Canada.
Professor Iravani is one of the pioneers in the development of the control and the operational concepts of microgrids and active distribution systems. He is a member of the organization committee of the Microgrid Symposium and a member of the CIGRE C6 on integration of distributed resources in distribution systems.
Professor Iravani is the founder and coordinator of the Centre for Applied Power Electronics (CAPE) at the University of Toronto through which he leads R&D activities of a group of 25 research engineers, graduate students, and post-doctoral fellows. RD&D activities of CAPE are mainly focused on the utility integration of distributed and alternative energy resources in the context of smart grid concepts. His research interests include application of power electronics in industrial and utility electric power systems, distributed generation and storage, renewable energy systems, modeling and analysis of electromagnetic transient phenomena in power systems, and power system dynamics and control.
Select publications
Semlyen, A., Ramirez, A. I., & Iravani, R. (2005). Harmonic domain characterization of the resonant interaction between generator and transmission line. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 20(2), 1753-1762.
Semlyen, A., Noda, T. & Iravani, R. (2004). Entirely harmonic domain calculation of multiphase nonsinusoidal steady state. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 19(3), 1368-1377.
Semlyen, A., Lima, L., & Iravani, R. (2003). Harmonic domain periodic steady state modeling of power electronics apparatus: SVC and TCSC. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 18(3), 960-967.
Semlyen, A., Ramirez, A. |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RDF4J | Eclipse RDF4J (formerly OpenRDF Sesame) is an open-source framework for storing, querying, and analysing RDF data. It was created by the Dutch software company Aduna as part of "On-To-Knowledge", a semantic web project that ran from 1999 to 2002. It contains implementations of an in-memory triplestore and an on-disk triplestore, along with two separate Servlet packages that can be used to manage and provide access to these triplestores, on a permanent server. The RDF4J Rio (RDF Input/Output) package contains a simple API for Java-based RDF parsers and writers. Parsers and writers for popular RDF serialisations are distributed along with RDF4J, and users can easily extend the list by putting their parsers and writers on the Java classpath when running their application.
RDF4J supports two query languages: SPARQL and SeRQL.
RDF4J's RDF database API differs from comparable solutions in that it offers a stackable interface through which functionality can be added, and the storage engine () is abstracted from the query interface. Many other triplestores can be used through the RDF4J API, including Ontotext GraphDB (built as a SAIL), Mulgara, and AllegroGraph. Through the stackable interface, functionality can be added to all of these stores. It can, for example, be used to add indexing and query capabilities to all compatible stores:
Free text search capabilities can be added through the LuceneSail.
Geospatial (GeoSPARQL) and free text search can be added through uSeekM.
RDF4J
In May 2016, Sesame officially forked into an Eclipse project called RDF4J, in recognition of Aduna no longer being involved in its development. This official fork brings the core developers with it and is supported by several commercial companies.
See also
CubicWeb
Jena
Mulgara
References
External links
Semantic Web
Resource Description Framework
Triplestores |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%2740s%20Junction | '40s Junction is a commercial-free music channel on the Sirius XM Radio platform, broadcasting on channel 71; as well as Dish Network channel 6071. The channel mainly airs big band, swing, and hit parade music from 1936 to 1949, with occasional songs from the early-1950s. Until May 7, 2015, the station was known as '40s on 4, with programming being broadcast on channel 4, as part of the "Decades" line-up of stations. It was later rechanneled to be nearer to stations featuring similar genres of music, such as jazz and standards. During its first four months on Ch. 71, the station was known simply as '40s. The station was rebranded as 40s Junction on August 13, 2015.
The 40s Junction name, and the station's longtime nickname, "The Savoy Express", refer to the passenger train−travel common in the 1940s. The name also lends reference to the popular dance hall in Harlem during 1940s called The Savoy Ballroom, where the Lindy Hop and "Jitterbug" dancing was born. The original "Station Master" (Program Director) for the channel was Marlin Taylor, with Bob Moke serving as music director. Both have since departed, and the channel is currently programmed by Human Numan. The "voice" of the channel is Lou Brutus, who models his announcing style after that of Bing Crosby staff announcer, Ken Carpenter. Brutus worked as Sr. Director of Music Programming, overseeing the content for a long and diverse lineup of channels. He was subsequently laid off from SiriusXM amongst a company wide reduction of staff in March of 2023. In keeping with the railroad theme, the station's logo now features a train itself, based on the 1940s Reading Railroad's sleek stainless steel streamliner called the "Crusader", which operated between Philadelphia and Jersey City, NJ. Trains were the primary mode of distance transportation in the '40s. Airline travel wasn't fully developed and cost prohibitive to the masses.
History
XM once described the channel as follows:
Climb aboard the Savoy Express for a trip to yesterday and the sound of swing. Revel in the heyday of the big bands and the hits of the '40s. All aboard, Track 4!
The current channel description reads:
Hep Cats and Swingeroos, here comes the Savoy Express. Crooners serenade, and harmony groups join forces with orchestras to play everything in 'the book'. From Benny Goodman and Bing Crosby, to Doris Day and Count Basie, hear the hits from the '40s and beyond.
Similar to other XM "Decades" stations, prior to the 2008 merger with Sirius, the '40s channel was initially programmed to recreate the feeling of the '40s era. This was accomplished by broadcasting big band/swing music; recreated newscasts in which fictional reporter "Ed Baxter", voiced by Bill Schmalfeldt, would report on the day's top stories in a year from 1936 to 1949, as if they were current now; countdowns of the top 3 hit songs from the current week in a year from 1936 to 1949; World War II–era, patriotic songs; Spike Jones's joke novelty recordings; alon |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purge%20%28video%20game%29 | Purge or PurgeFinal (formerly known as PurgeJihad), is a free first-person shooter computer game published by Freeform Interactive LLC. It is an unofficial sequel to the Future vs. Fantasy total conversion mod for Quake, and combines futuristic and magical themes, based on the FvF purge game mode. Purge came out of open beta in 2003. It became freeware in 2007, and Freeform Interactive LLC had distributed a keygen which enabled anyone to play the game for free.
Gameplay
Purge focuses on character development rather than straightforward first-person shooter gameplay. Each player must choose a side: the Order (technology) or the Chosen (magic). The Order's forces consist of the Android, Cyborg, Commando and Wastelander, while Mages, Fighters, Assassins and Monks make up the Chosen. The player then chooses attributes for their character and can customize their character's appearance.
The maps in Purge range from small scale for 2-to-24 players, to large for 10-to-64 players.
Critical reception
Both GameSpot and IGN rated Purge as "mediocre". IGN highlighted detailed environments with well-defined textures and impressive effects and argued that Purge was a notable example within the "character development" niche of action genre. Criticisms included indistinct vocal commands, some unsuitable weapon sound effects, a "practically nonexistent" playing community, lack of game modes and unpolished level design.
References
2003 video games
Massively multiplayer online games
First-person shooters
Windows-only freeware games
Windows games
LithTech games |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drudge%20%28TV%20program%29 | Drudge is an American television series on Fox News Channel hosted by Matt Drudge that debuted June 1998. Drudge left the show in 1999 after network executives refused to let him show a picture of a 21-week-old unborn child.
References
External links
1990s American television talk shows
1998 American television series debuts
1999 American television series endings
English-language television shows
Fox News original programming |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software%20repository | A software repository, or repo for short, is a storage location for software packages. Often a table of contents is also stored, along with metadata. A software repository is typically managed by source or version control, or repository managers. Package managers allow automatically installing and updating repositories, sometimes called "packages".
Overview
Many software publishers and other organizations maintain servers on the Internet for this purpose, either free of charge or for a subscription fee. Repositories may be solely for particular programs, such as CPAN for the Perl programming language, or for an entire operating system. Operators of such repositories typically provide a package management system, tools intended to search for, install and otherwise manipulate software packages from the repositories. For example, many Linux distributions use Advanced Packaging Tool (APT), commonly found in Debian based distributions, or Yellowdog Updater, Modified (yum) found in Red Hat based distributions. There are also multiple independent package management systems, such as pacman, used in Arch Linux and equo, found in Sabayon Linux.
As software repositories are designed to include useful packages, major repositories are designed to be malware free. If a computer is configured to use a digitally signed repository from a reputable vendor, and is coupled with an appropriate permissions system, this significantly reduces the threat of malware to these systems. As a side effect, many systems that have these abilities do not need anti-malware software such as antivirus software.
Most major Linux distributions have many repositories around the world that mirror the main repository.
In an enterprise environment, a software repository is usually used to store artifacts, or to mirror external repositories which may be inaccessible due to security restrictions. Such repositories may provide additional functionality, like access control, versioning, security checks for uploaded software, cluster functionality etc. and typically support a variety of formats in one package, so as to cater for all the needs in an enterprise, and thus aiming to provide a single point of truth. Popular examples are JFrog Artifactory, Nexus repository and Cloudsmith, a cloud-based product.
At client side, a package manager helps installing from and updating the repositories.
At server side, a software repository is typically managed by source control or repository managers. Some of the repository managers allow to aggregate other repository location into one URL and provide a caching proxy. When doing continuous builds many artifacts are produced and often centrally stored, so automatically deleting the ones which are not released is important.
Package management system vs. package development process
A package management system is different from a package development process.
A typical use of a package management system is to facilitate the integration of code from |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann%20Maurer | Hermann Adolf Maurer (born April 26, 1941) is an Austrian computer scientist, serving as Professor of Computer Science at the Graz University of Technology. He has supervised over 40 dissertations, written more than 20 books and over 600 scientific articles, and started or been involved with a number of companies.
Life
Maurer was born in Vienna, Austria. He studied mathematics at the University of Vienna and the University of Calgary (in Canada) starting in 1959. He earned a doctorate in mathematics in 1965 under Edmund Hlawka, with a dissertation entitled Rationale Approximationen Irrationaler Zahlen (Rational Approximations of Irrational Numbers). He was a professor at the University of Calgary from 1966 to 1971, then moved to the University of Karlsruhe from 1971 to 1977, and in 1978 became professor at the Graz University of Technology, where he has remained since.
Technical contributions
Among Maurer's important contributions is the development and promotion of remote interactive data terminals that could display graphics rather than only the text that was conventional at the time, and even exchange programs. He invented the MUPID system, some of whose ideas would be used in the Bildschirmtext system. A number of his students from this research went on to become influential in computer science, the telecommunications industry, and the civil service.
In the 1980s he worked to develop computer network equipment in Styria, and is considered to have helped pave the way for European internet technology. His later research in the area of knowledge management led him to found the company Hyperwave, which he chaired until its bankruptcy in 2005. Since 2006 he heads a new company, NewHyperG.
Writings on the future
In a 2002 - 2012 12-book series, Xperten, Maurer and some collaborators wrote extensively in the context of science fiction on the future of technology. Many of the earlier volumes have been translated into English. Earlier writings appeared under a pseudonym. Maurer thinks that future applications of computers can barely be described using today's terminology, and so employs metaphors such as telepathy and teleportation when discussing some of them.
He is also quite concerned with the risks of information technology, particularly the risk of cyberterrorism due to increasing reliance on interconnected networks. He favors a move away from the Von Neumann architecture's treatment of program code as a type of data, with it instead being put on non-modifiable media such as ROM chips that would be more secure from attacks by viruses.
On non-technical issues, Maurer writes in favor of greater efforts to promote economic equality in managing a transition to a globalized economy, while maintaining local capabilities.
Decorations and awards
Honorary doctorates from the Universities of St. Petersburg, Calgary and Karlsruhe
Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art, 1st class (2001)
Great Gold Medal of Honour of Styria
Member of the |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felling%20Metro%20station | Felling is a Tyne and Wear Metro station, serving the suburb of Felling, Gateshead in Tyne and Wear, England. It joined the network on 15 November 1981, following the opening of the third phase of the network, between Haymarket and Heworth.
History
The station was originally built for the Brandling Junction Railway, opening on 30 December 1839. On 18 November 1896, the station was resited to the site of the present station. The original Brandling Junction Railway station building is still extant on the north side of the line.
In November 1979, British Rail stations at Felling and Pelaw were closed, following the opening of the new interchange station at Heworth. At this time, British Rail trains were concentrated on the formerly freight-only northern pair of tracks here, leaving the southern pair available for use by the Tyne and Wear Metro. Felling re-opened as part of the Tyne and Wear Metro network in November 1981, with Pelaw re-opening in September 1985 – almost six years after the closure of the British Rail station.
Accidents and incidents
On 26 March 1907, an express passenger train from Leeds to Newcastle was derailed while running between Heworth signal box and Felling station. Eight people were seriously injured, two of whom later died.
Facilities
Step-free access is available at all stations across the Tyne and Wear Metro network, with ramps providing step-free access to platforms at Felling. The station was refurbished in 2015, along with Gateshead Stadium, and is branded in the new black and white corporate colour scheme. The station is equipped with ticket machines, waiting shelter, seating, next train information displays, timetable posters, and an emergency help point. Ticket machines are able to accept payment with credit and debit card (including contactless payment), notes and coins. The station is also fitted with smartcard validators, which feature at all stations across the network.
A small car park is available, on Sunderland Road, with 27 parking spaces, plus three accessible spaces. There is also the provision for cycle parking, with four cycle pods and four cycle lockers available for use.
Services
, the station is served by up to ten trains per hour on weekdays and Saturday, and up to eight trains per hour during the evening and on Sunday. Additional services operate between and , , or at peak times.
Rolling stock used: Class 599 Metrocar
References
External links
Timetable and station information for Felling
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1839
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1979
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1981
Former North Eastern Railway (UK) stations |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Harris%20%28software%20developer%29 |
John D. Harris is a computer programmer, hacker and author of several 1980s Atari computer games. His impact on the early years of the video game industry are chronicled in the book Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution.
His love for the Atari 8-bit computers led him to creating several popular games, perhaps most of all Frogger, which by the end of development had been written from scratch, twice. The reason for this is that his entire back catalogue of development tools and libraries he had developed were stolen at a game developer conference at which he was presenting. The delay in writing the game also led to complications between Harris and his employer, Ken Williams (Director of Sierra On-Line).
During John's time at Sierra, he became one of the most influential young developers in America, at 24 years of age he was earning a 6 figure income off the back of royalties for games which Sierra were marketing for him. As time went on, John's increasingly worrying relationship with Sierra began to get worse, the cutting of royalties and the lack of recognition for his work soon became a catalyst which led to him leaving the company to work at Synapse (despite many offers of employment from new startup EA Games).
Works
Atari 8-bit
Jawbreaker, Sierra On-Line, 1981
Frogger, Sierra On-Line, 1982
Mouskattack
Maneuvering
Bankster
MAE
Atari 2600
Jawbreaker, Tiger Vision
AmigaDE
Gobbler
Solitaire
Employment
Pulsar Interactive Corp., 1997–2003
Tachyon Studios, Inc.
Atari
Synapse
Sierra On-Line
References
Interview with John Harris regarding Hackers and his career and views on game development
Interview with John Harris regarding developing for AmigaDE, July 2002
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American computer programmers
American video game designers
American video game programmers |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object-Oriented%20Programming%20in%20Common%20Lisp | Object-Oriented Programming in Common Lisp: A Programmer's Guide to CLOS (1988, Addison-Wesley, ) is a book by Sonya Keene on the Common Lisp Object System. Published first in 1988, the book starts out with the elements of CLOS and develops through the concepts of data abstraction with classes and methods, inheritance, and genericity towards creating an advanced CLOS program using streams I/O.
External links
Sonya E. Keene | InformIT
1988 non-fiction books
Addison-Wesley books
Common Lisp publications |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDC%201700 | The CDC 1700 was a 16-bit word minicomputer, manufactured by the Control Data Corporation with deliveries beginning in May 1966.
Over the years there were several versions. The original 1700 was constructed using air-cooled CDC 6600-like cordwood logic modules and core memory, although later models used different technology. The final models, called Cyber-18, added four general-purpose registers and a number of instructions to support a time-sharing operating system.
Hardware
The 1700 used ones' complement arithmetic and an ASCII-based character set, and supported memory write protection on an individual word basis. It had one general-purpose register and two indexing registers (one of which was implemented as a dedicated memory location). The instruction set was fairly simple and supported seven storage addressing modes, including multilevel (chained) indirect addressing.
Although described as a 16-bit system, the basic core storage memory was 4,096 18-bit words, each comprising
16 data bits
a parity bit, and
a program protection bit;memory could be expanded to 32,768 words; I/O was in units of 8 or 16 bits.
Peripherals
Available peripherals included teletypewriters, paper tape readers/punches, punched card readers/punches, line printers, magnetic tape drives, magnetic drums, fixed and removable magnetic disk drives, display terminals, communications controllers, Digigraphic display units, timers, etc. These interfaced to the processor using unbuffered interrupt-driven "A/Q" channels or buffered Direct Storage Access channels.
Software
The main operating systems for the 1700 were the Utility System, which usually took the form of several punched paper tapes (resident monitor plus utilities), a similar Operating System for larger configurations (often including punched cards and magnetic tape), and the Mass Storage Operating System (MSOS) for disk-based systems.
An assembler and a Fortran compiler were available. Pascal was also available, via a cross compiler on a CDC 6000 series host. The Cyber 18 series, exploiting the extended instruction set, ran a disk-based OS, the Interactive Terminal Oriented System (ITOS). This system supported Fortran, Cobol, and UCSD Pascal. ITOS was a foreground/background system with multiple users connected via serial CRT terminals; user tasks ran in the background while the operating system itself ran in the foreground.
Market acceptance
The 1700 series found use as communications concentrators, Digigraphics workstations, remote batch job entry stations, and industrial process controllers. One application, running the AUTRAN program, controlled water and wastewater treatment plants for many years. Another was used as Maintenance and Diagnostic SubSystem (M&DSS) for the AN/FPQ-16 Perimeter Acquisition Radar Attack Characterization System (PARCS), located at Cavalier Air Force Station (CAFS) in North Dakota; this CDC 1700 is still being used as of this writing (2016).
Washington, DC used a Con |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satz%20%28SAT%20solver%29 | SatZ is a well known SAT instance solver. It was developed by Prof. Chu Min Li, a computer science researcher. The Z stands for the last version of SAT solvers.
References
Chu Min Li and Anbulagan: Heuristics Based on Unit Propagation for Satisfiability Problems. Proceedings of IJCAI, 366–371, 1997
SAT solvers |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer%20Stew | Computer Stew was an Internet video series about technology created by John Hargrave, founder of Zug.com, and Jay Stevens. Most of the characters in the show are ZDNet employees. The series premiered on ZDNet in fall 1999, and lasted for five seasons until spring 2001. The staff of Computer Stew used inexpensive off-the-shelf video tools and hardware to create the show, including a web cam, a computer, and Adobe Premiere software.
Computer Stew Staff
John Hargrave, host
Jay Stevens, co-host, usually featured talking through a speakerphone
Henry Harvey, head writer and creative consultant
Al Natanagara, producer and artist
Moses Blumenstiel, producer
Marty Barrett, writer
Mike Ward, head programmer
Tim Elkins, assistant programmer
Jim Morash, intern
Notes
American non-fiction web series
1999 web series debuts |
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