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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile%20tagging | Mobile tagging is the process of providing data read from tags for display on mobile devices, commonly encoded in a two-dimensional barcode, using the camera of a camera phone as the reader device. The contents of the tag code is usually a URL for information addressed and accessible through Internet.
History
Mobile tagging is currently most prominent in Asia, especially Japan. It was developed in 2003 and ever since it has been used in several fields of mobile marketing. Denso's QR Code in Asia and the Data Matrix are currently the most popular 2D barcodes. Both are ISO-standardised. In 2009, prominent electronics company Microsoft introduced the Microsoft Tag format, based on the company's self-developed High Capacity Color Barcode (HCCB) standard, in an effort to establish the format through emerging mobile tagging markets in the west. Unlike most popular 2D barcodes, which use black-and-white square pixels, HCCBs are based on colors in a triangle-based arrangement.
The reason for the success of mobile tagging, besides the flexible and multiple fields of application, is the quick, precise and customer-driven access to information. According to the principle of physical world connection (see also Object hyperlinking), the user is able to gather digital information immediately by scanning a two-dimensional barcode, like one on an advertisement.
In Europe mobile tagging is now gaining traction, albeit that the primary usage has been direct linking of URLs to 2D codes. Indeed, several campaigns in relation to physical world connection have been launched, however a standard for multi-dimensional barcodes is still missing.
One of the key organizations driving wider implementation of two-dimensional barcodes is GS1 / GS1's main activity is the development of the GS1 System, a series of standards designed to improve supply chain management. The GS1 System is composed of four key product areas: Barcodes (used to automatically identify things), eCom (electronic business messaging allowing automatic electronic transmission of data), GDSN (Global Data Synchronisation Network which allows partners to have consistent item data in their systems at the same time) and EPCglobal (which uses RFID technology to immediately track an item).
Codes and readers
Currently about 70 different types of barcodes and their specific versions exist and are mostly in use in the field of logistics. In terms of mobile tagging, the number of codes is essentially restricted to a dozen types. For reading out 2d-barcodes it is essential to install specific software, a reader, on the mobile device.
The reader uses the camera of a mobile phone for the mobile tagging process. The producers of the reader are very involved in developing solutions to increase the number of compatible mobile phones. Most services on the corresponding websites offer the download directly onto the mobile device or PC. In addition, many providers offer the user a generator for creating their own codes |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PlayCafe | PlayCafe (formerly LiveFire) was an interactive Internet game show network which billed itself as "the first online game show network." PlayCafe was founded in April 2007 by Dev Nag and Mark Goldenson, funded by angel investors. PlayCafe produced over 300 hour-long episodes, which were broadcast live from Redwood City, California and hosted by Daniella Martin from August 2007 to August 7, 2008, then by Chad Mosher in Flint, Michigan from August 14, 2008 to December 18, 2008.
PlayCafe broadcast two shows daily, Monday through Friday, at 6:00 pm and 7:00 pm Pacific Time (UTC -7) until May 30, 2008. On the last daily show, it was announced that the broadcast schedule would change to one show a week, starting the following week. On June 5, 2008, PlayCafe broadcast its first weekly shows on Thursday at the same time as the daily shows until its final show on December 18, 2008.
History
Under the name "LiveFire," the show premiered in May 2007, which featured twenty players invited by the co-founders. Production of one show a day, Monday through Friday, commenced on October 29, 2007 and expanded to two shows a day on December 31, 2007. The name changed to PlayCafe in late October 2007. However, on May 30 of 2008, the show's format shifted from daily shows (Monday-Friday) to once a week shows on Thursday. On October 30, it was announced that remaining investor money had been returned, no prizes would be given after the previous week's shows (and as such, the raffle tickets earned in the previous week's shows were null and void), and live PlayCafe broadcasts would be ending. The final broadcast was held on December 18, 2008, culminating with a three-hour special.
Live shows were no longer produced after December 18, 2008. Users could host their own shows using the site's interface, some of which differed from those that PlayCafe ran. On January 30, 2009, the game user interface was replaced with a redirect to the PlayCafe blog, which stated:
"...[W]e have decided to hold off on producing shows for now. We are thrilled with the enthusiasm of so many of you.... Unfortunately in these challenging times, it has been difficult to continue our growth. We are exploring partnerships with companies that can use PlayCafe's technology and give our shows wider distribution.... Thank you all for your enthusiasm and support and we hope to see you again soon!"
Interface
Every user that watches PlayCafe during a live show is a contestant on the show: players enter answers via an Adobe Flash interface, which displays the question, answer choices, statistics of the user, and a leaderboard after each question. PlayCafe is currently streamed through Stickam.
Format
Each hour-long episode consists of three segments with a choice of six different formats: Media Mash-up, Predict the Poll, Mix and Match, Either-Or, Missing Links, and Letter Perfect. Players may also participate in Live Call-ins, which take place during the fourth question of each segment. Before the las |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal%20Emergency | Animal Emergency is an Australian observational documentary series that began airing on the Nine Network on 16 March 2008. It is narrated by Gold Logie winner Georgie Parker.Animal Emergency follows the daily happenings of the Lort-Smith Animal Hospital in Melbourne.
Some media outlets have reported the title of the program to be Animal Hospital; Nine Network has since clarified that this is incorrect, and the show will indeed be titled Animal Emergency.
References
External links
Official Website
Nine Network original programming
Television series about animals
Television shows set in Victoria (state)
2008 Australian television series debuts
2008 Australian television series endings
Australian factual television series |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opticks%20%28software%29 | Opticks is a remote sensing application that supports imagery, video (motion imagery), synthetic aperture radar (SAR), multi-spectral, hyper-spectral, and other types of remote sensing data. Opticks supports processing remote sensing video in the same manner as it supports imagery, which differentiates it from other remote sensing applications. Opticks was initially developed by Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. and other organizations for the United States Intelligence Community. Ball Aerospace open sourced Opticks hoping to increase the demand for remote sensing data and broaden the features available in existing remote sensing software. The Opticks software and its extensions are developed by over twenty different organizations, and over two hundred users are registered users at http://opticks.org. Future planned enhancements include adding the ability to ingest and visualize lidar data, as well as a three-dimensional (3-D) visualization capability.
Opticks can also be used as a remote sensing software development framework. Developers can extend Opticks functionality using its plug-in architecture and public application programming interface (API). Opticks is open source, licensed under GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1. Opticks was brought into the open source community in Dec 2007 and has a large developer community. For more information, see the history of Opticks.
Desktop Application
Opticks can be used as a standard desktop application. The vanilla software can be used to read and write imagery in several formats and for some basic data analysis as described in the Opticks Feature Tour. The Opticks community provides installation packages for Microsoft Windows, Solaris 10 SPARC, and some distributions of Linux.
Software Framework
Opticks can also be used as a software development framework. The Opticks community provides and supports a public SDK which includes a documented API as well as several extension tutorials. The Opticks website hosts a variety of extensions, some of which are developed and maintained by the same development team as Opticks.
Community
Opticks has active mailing lists here and an IRC channel available here.
The issue tracker is available here.
The source code is available here.
Opticks has applied for incubation with the OSGeo foundation.
Opticks has participated in both the Google Summer of Code and ESA Summer of Code in Space programs.
Google Summer of Code
GSoC 2010
Opticks participated in GSoC 2010 with two students. The titles of the accepted projects were "Adding Image Stack Support and New Algorithm Plugin for Opticks" and "Speckle removal and edge detection tool for SAR image". Extensions for the projects are available here and here.
GSoC 2011
Opticks participated in GSoC 2011 under the OSGeo organization with three students. The titles of the accepted projects were "Photography processing tools for Opticks", "Development of a ship detection and classification toolkit for SAR image |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Chopping%20Block | The Chopping Block is an Australian reality television series which began airing on the Nine Network on 6 February 2008. Produced by Granada Productions, it was hosted by chef Matt Moran. Catriona Rowntree co-hosted the show with Moran in its first season. It ran for two series of 8 episodes each.
Format
Each week two Melbourne and Sydney restaurants were reviewed by a secret critic (ABC Radio National broadcaster and food critic Alan Saunders) and given A$5,000. With assistance from restaurateur Matt Moran, they were given 72 hours to use that money to overhaul their menu, service and décor in an effort to win both his and the critics' approval.
Episodes
Season 1
Season 2
Ratings
The first episode of The Chopping Block had a disappointing debut, with only 718,000 viewers nationally, a low figure for its 7:30–8:30 timeslot. An uncut repeat of the first episode was aired the following night at 10:30pm, managing a reasonable 546,000 viewers for its timeslot. The second episode fared much better, managing 1,040,000 viewers nationally - nearly 300,000 more viewers than the first episode.
Overall, ratings for the second series were generally higher than the first, and both series averaged 959,517 viewers across the year.
U.S. version
NBC and Granada America have picked up the rights to produce the series in the United States. The U.S. version is hosted by Marco Pierre White, and features a number of changes to the format, such as multiple contestants, an ongoing objective instead of self-contained episodes, and an emphasis on competition.
The first episode premiered on 11 March 2009, but was canceled due to low ratings after three episodes. After a 3-month hiatus, 'Chopping Block' returned to complete its season.
References
External links
Official Website
List of competing restaurants
Nine Network original programming
2000s Australian reality television series
2008 Australian television series debuts
2008 Australian television series endings
Reality cooking competition television series
Television series by ITV Studios |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NBC%20Sports%20Bay%20Area | NBC Sports Bay Area (sometimes abbreviated as NBCS Bay Area) is an American regional sports network owned as a joint venture between NBCUniversal and the San Francisco Giants, and operates as an affiliate of NBC Sports Regional Networks. Headquartered in San Francisco, the channel broadcasts regional coverage of professional sports events throughout the San Francisco Bay Area. NBCS Bay Area's sister channel is NBC Sports California. The president of the network is Ted Griggs.
History
Pacific Sports Network
The Pacific Sports Network was launched in September 1989 as a joint-venture of TCI and Viacom. It initially held rights to the Golden State Warriors and various college sporting events, including those from Pac 10 conference through its associate with Prime Network. The network was available as a basic cable service.
SportsChannel Bay Area
SportsChannel Bay Area was an owned-and-operated outlet of SportsChannel that launched on April 2, 1990, under the ownership of Rainbow Media, the broadcasting subsidiary of Cablevision Systems Corporation. The new network was formed when both the Oakland Athletics and San Francisco Giants reached an agreement with SportsChannel to televise their games. The Athletics' contract included 50 games and while the Giants' had 55 games, an increase of 20 games from the team's previous pay-per-view service GiantsVision. Both teams had also been in negotiations with the Pacific Sports Network, but didn't want their games shown on basic cable. At launch, SportsChannel Bay Area was offered as a premium channel in-market and as a basic cable service in the outer market which included southern Oregon, Nevada, Hawaii, and Arizona. Other programming included SportsChannel's national programming which featured its NHL package. Additionally, SportsChannel Bay Area televised local college and high school sports, including the University of San Francisco, San Jose State, and California and Stanford games that were not part of Prime's PAC 10 package.
Merger of two networks and new partnership
The two networks merged on July 12, 1991, to become SportsChannel Pacific. The combined network operated as a premium service until June 1, 1997 when it moved to basic cable. In 1991, SportsChannel Pacific picked up rights to the new San Jose Sharks NHL team with a 10 game agreement.
On June 30, 1997, News Corporation and Liberty Media – which formed Fox Sports Net the year prior through News Corporation's partial acquisition of the Liberty-owned Prime Network group of regional sports networks – purchased a 40% interest in Cablevision's sports properties including the SportsChannel networks (as well as Madison Square Garden and its NBA and NHL team tenants, the New York Knicks and New York Rangers); the three companies formed the venture National Sports Partners to run the owned-and-operated regional networks. The channel was rebranded as Fox Sports Bay Area on January 28, 1998, at which time most of the SportsChannel networks (with |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bally%20Sports%20Arizona | Bally Sports Arizona (BSAZ) was an American regional sports network (RSN). The channel broadcast professional, collegiate and high school sports events, with a primary focus on Phoenix-area teams. It was available on most cable providers throughout Arizona and available nationwide on satellite provider DirecTV.
The network was launched as Fox Sports Arizona on September 7, 1996, through a partnership between News Corporation and Liberty Media. It was the first regional sports network branded as Fox Sports after the creation of Fox Sports Net from what had been the Prime Network group of RSNs. Fox Sports Arizona was the cable television home of the Phoenix Coyotes of the National Hockey League when they began play that October and of the Arizona Diamondbacks of Major League Baseball when that team began play in 1998. In addition, Fox Sports Arizona carried college sports as well as Arizona high school sports. The Phoenix Suns of the National Basketball Association moved their cable games to the network in 2003 after 22 years of association with Cox Communications and its predecessors and their RSN, the Arizona Sports and Programming Network (later renamed Cox Sports, Cox 9 and YurView Arizona).
On March 31, 2021, the network was rebranded Bally Sports Arizona after the network was purchased by Diamond Sports Group, a joint venture between the Sinclair Broadcast Group and Entertainment Studios. Diamond filed for bankruptcy protection in February 2023. The Arizona RSN lost money for Bally, which opted to drop all three professional teams. Under new Suns and Phoenix Mercury team owner Mat Ishbia, both the Suns and Mercury signed a deal to move their games to broadcast stations owned by Gray Television on April 20, 2023. While this deal was stayed by a bankruptcy judge for the Suns (the Mercury were unaffected by the judge's ruling), Bally ultimately cut ties with the Suns after failing to match Gray's offer on July 14. On July 18, Major League Baseball took over production and distribution of telecasts for the Diamondbacks after Diamond missed a second payment for the Diamondbacks during the 2023 season. On October 4, Bally Sports cut ties with the Coyotes; the team signed a deal with Scripps Sports a day later, ahead of the start of the 2023–24 season.
Bally Sports Arizona signed off for the final time on October 21, 2023. The last program to air on the channel was a boxing match at 11 P.M. PST. After the final program, a goodbye message was broadcast. Following the Bally Sports goodbye message DirectTV Viewers saw the message "Diamond Sports Group has shut down its Bally Sports Arizona channel for all satelite, cable, and streaming providers. Select Coyotes [NHL] games can be found locally using an over the air antenna, national broadcasts, and soon on a team app. Select Suns [NBA] games can be found locally on KTVK CH 3, national broadcasts, and the Suns Live team app." With the guide saying "Important Information about Bally Sports Arizona".
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rescue%20Mediums | Rescue Mediums is a Canadian paranormal reality television series that originally aired from to on the W Network. The show stars Jackie Dennison and Christine Hamlett in series 1–3 and Jackie and Alison Wynne-Ryder series 4-7. The show has also aired on the WE: Women's Entertainment network in the USA, Discovery Channel in the UK (series 1–3) and CBS reality (series 3–5) UK.
The series follows the trials and tribulations of acclaimed and quirky international psychics, who make house calls, as they ask ghostly spirits to leave.
Composer Richard Evans was nominated for a 2010 Gemini Award for the sound track of the Rescue Mediums episode "Rockside - The Shape of Things to Come".
This scripted show quickly became popular due to the intense storylines and acting, making the show very popular in the US and Canada
Host Information
Jackie Dennison
Jackie, in addition to being the co-host of Rescue Mediums (which airs in over 28 countries around the globe) is the owner of The Feathers Academy in Barnton, England. Feathers is dedicated to teaching and healing through the spiritual and holistic planes. She has been a psychic medium and psychic artist for many years and works with her spirit guides, Jeremkyah and Red Cloud. She has co-authored a book about the spirits in Marbury Hall in the UK, and has featured in numerous magazines and newspapers, and continues to work as a medium in her native England. Jackie is in all episodes of the show, from seasons 1 - 7.
Alison Wynne-Ryder
Alison is a psychic medium and a Reiki Master. She works through her spirit guide, Ruby, who has an extremely quirky sense of humour that comes through time after time. Alison has also worked extensively with the Northwich Police Services. Alison is in 52 episodes, from season 4 - 7.
Christine Hamlett
Christine is a natural medium and psychic artist, and is the co-host of Rescue Mediums seasons 1, 2, and 3. In addition to this international reputation, she writes for various spiritualists and popular UK women's magazines with a regular psychic sketch in Chat. She has also been featured in numerous UK and Canadian magazines and featured on radio shows in the UK, United States, and Canada. Christine has appeared on ITV and the BBC in England. Christine has been a medium and psychic artist from a very early age, and inherited a crystal ball from her psychic great grandmother when she was only five years old. Outside of the show, Christine helps on missing persons and cold cases, such as those of as Lois Hanna and Rhonda Wilson. Christine is in 37 episodes, from seasons 1 to 3, with the last of her Rescue Mediums work being filmed in 2007.
Gregory Sheppard & Michael Lamport
Gregory Sheppard and Michael Lamport are co-owners of Lamport-Sheppard Entertainment which produces Rescue Mediums. They are also the executive producers of Curious and Unusual Deaths (Discovery), Suite & Simple (CTV Travel, Fine Living), In Your Wildest Dreams (Discovery USA), and have produced |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorn%20address | A Gorn address (Gorn, 1967) is a method of identifying and addressing any node within a tree data structure. This notation is often used for identifying nodes in a parse tree defined by phrase structure rules.
The Gorn address is a sequence of zero or more integers conventionally separated by dots, e.g., 0 or 1.0.1.
The root which Gorn calls * can be regarded as the empty sequence.
And the -th child of the -th child has an address , counting from 0.
It is named after American computer scientist Saul Gorn.
References
Gorn, S. (1967). Explicit definitions and linguistic dominoes. Systems and Computer Science, Eds. J. Hart & S. Takasu. 77-115. University of Toronto Press, Toronto Canada.
Natural language processing |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mouse%20button | A mouse button is an electric switch on a computer mouse which can be pressed (“clicked”) to select or interact with an element of a graphical user interface. Mouse buttons are most commonly implemented as miniature snap-action switches (micro switches).
The three-button scrollmouse has become the most commonly available design. Users most commonly employ the second button to invoke a contextual menu in the computer's software user interface, which contains options specifically tailored to the interface element over which the pointer currently sits. By default, the primary mouse button sits located on the left-hand side of the mouse, for the benefit of right-handed users; left-handed users can usually reverse this configuration via software.
Design
In contrast to its motion-tracking mechanism, the mouse's buttons have changed little over the years, varying mostly in shape, number, and placement.
A mouse click is the action of pressing (i.e. 'clicking', an onomatopoeia) a button to trigger an action, usually in the context of a graphical user interface (GUI). “Clicking” an onscreen button is accomplished by pressing on the real mouse button while the pointer is placed over the onscreen button's icon.
The reason for the clicking noise made is due to the specific switch technology used nearly universally in computer mice. The switch is a subminiature precision snap-action type; the first of such types were the Honeywell MICRO SWITCH products.
Operation
Double clicking refers to clicking and releasing a button (often the primary one, usually the left button) twice. Software recognizes both clicks, and if the second occurs within a short time, the action is recognised as a double click.
If the second click is made after the time expires it is considered to be a new, single click. Most modern operating systems and mice drivers allow a user to change the speed of a double click, along with an easy way to test the setting. Some software recognises three or more clicks, such as progressively selecting a word, sentence, or paragraph in a word processor text page as more clicks are given in a sequence.
With less abstracted software, a mouse button's current state (“mouse up” and “mouse down”) is monitored, allowing for modal operations such as drag and drop.
Number of buttons
Douglas Engelbart's first mouse had a single button; Xerox PARC soon designed a three-button model, but reduced the count to two for Xerox products. Apple decided on one button for their GUI environments on commercial release in 1983, while most other PC environments standardized on two, and most professional workstation environments used three. Aside from such OEM bundled mice, usually having between one and three buttons, many aftermarket mice have always had five or more, with varying amounts of additional software included to support them.
This state of affairs continued until the late 1990s, when growing support for mice with a scroll wheel after the 1996 introduction |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20JVM%20languages | This list of JVM Languages comprises notable computer programming languages that are used to produce computer software that runs on the Java virtual machine (JVM). Some of these languages are interpreted by a Java program, and some are compiled to Java bytecode and just-in-time (JIT) compiled during execution as regular Java programs to improve performance.
The JVM was initially designed to support only the language Java. However, over time, ever more languages were adapted or designed to run on the Java platform.
JVM languages
High-profile languages
As of February 2023, according to the TIOBE index of the top 100 programming languages, and PyPL, the top JVM languages are:
Java (#4, at one point at #1; #2 at PyPL), a statically-typed object-oriented language
Kotlin (#18, at one point at #27; #13 at PyPL), a statically-typed language from JetBrains, the developers of IntelliJ IDEA and Google's preferred language for Android
Scala (#38, at one point at #20; #19 at PyPL), a statically-typed object-oriented and functional programming language
Groovy (no longer in top 50, is one of 51–100; #24 at PyPL), a dynamic programming language (also with static typing) and scripting language
Clojure (no longer in top 50, is one of 51–100, at one point at #47), a dynamic, and functional dialect of the Lisp programming language (ClojureScript doesn't make TIOBE's index separately, and it's an implementation targeting the web with JavaScript, not the JVM.)
Python is TIOBE's top language; Jython, its JVM implementation, doesn't make the list (of 100 languages) under that name (is syntax compatible with Python 2.7, now an outdated Python version). JavaScript (7th), PHP, R and others, also make top 20 and have JVM implementations; Ruby is ranked 16th, while JRuby, its JVM implementation is listed separately.
JVM implementations of existing languages
New languages with JVM implementations
Ateji PX, an extension of Java for easy parallel programming on multicore, GPU, Grid and Cloud
Ballerina, a language for cloud applications with structural typing; network client objects, services, resource functions, and listeners; parallel concurrency with workers; image building; configuration management; and taint checking.
BeanShell, a scripting language whose syntax is close to Java
EPL (Event Processing Language), a domain-specific, data manipulation language for analyzing and detecting patterns in timed event streams, which extends SQL 92 with event-oriented features. It is implemented by Esper: up to version 6 EPL was mostly a language interpreted by a Java library; since version 7 it is compiled to JVM bytecode.
Concurnas, an open source JVM language designed for building reliable, scalable, high performance concurrent, distributed and parallel systems.
Ceylon, a Java competitor from Red Hat
CFML, ColdFusion Markup Language, more commonly known as CFML, is a scripting language for web development that runs on the JVM, the .NET framework, and Google App |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan%20Jay%20Smith | Dr. Alan Jay Smith (born April, 1949) is a computer scientist and researcher in the field of development and applications of caching strategies and the measurement and analysis of computer storage systems with many important contributions to the field. He currently is professor emeritus at the EECS faculty of the University of California, Berkeley.
Selected awards
1988: IEEE Fellow
2001: ACM Fellow for "his highly cited paper on cache memories, for his contributions to performance measurement, and for his leadership in professional society activities"
2003: A. A. Michelson Award by the Computer Measurement Group
2006: Harry H. Goode Memorial Award by the IEEE Computer Society for "leadership in the measurement and evaluation of cache and memory system performance"
2008: IEEE Reynold B. Johnson Information Storage Systems Award for "contributions to the performance analysis of computer storage systems, including improvements to disk caches, prefetching and data placement"
References
External links
American computer scientists
Cache (computing)
Fellows of the Association for Computing Machinery
Fellow Members of the IEEE
Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
Living people
UC Berkeley College of Engineering faculty
1951 births |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNR%20Radio | CNR Radio or CN Radio (officially the Canadian National Railways Radio Department/Société radiodiffusion des chemins de fer nationaux du Canada) was the first national radio network in North America. It was developed, owned and operated by the Canadian National Railway between 1923 and 1932 to provide en route entertainment and information for its train passengers. As broadcasts could be received by anyone living in the coverage area of station transmitters, the network provided radio programming to Canadians from the Pacific coast (at Vancouver) to the Atlantic coast (at Halifax).
During its nine-year existence, CNR Radio provided music, sports, information and drama programming to Canadians. Programming was produced in English, French and occasionally in some First Nations languages, and distributed nationwide through the railway's own telegraph lines and through rented airtime on other private radio stations. However, political and competitive pressure forced CNR Radio to close, with many of its assets and personnel migrating to a new government-operated agency, the Canadian Radio Broadcasting Commission (CRBC), which ultimately led to the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation.
Origins
The network's origins were in the establishment by CNR president and chairman Sir Henry Thornton on June 1, 1923 of the CNR Radio Department after the CNR began installing radio sets with headphones in their passenger cars and needed stations to provide programming that passengers could listen to along the CNR's various routes, particularly its coast-to-coast transcontinental line. The general public could also receive the broadcasts if they lived in the vicinity of a CNR radio station and CN hotels were also equipped with radio sets for guests. Radio was also intended as an innovation that made travel on CNR trains more attractive and provided it with a competitive advantage over its rival, the Canadian Pacific Railway.
On October 9, 1923, the network made international news when it carried a broadcast of former British Prime Minister David Lloyd George being interviewed by reporters travelling with him on a Montreal to Toronto train. The first regularly scheduled coast-to-coast network program produced by CN Radio was broadcast December 27, 1928. By the end of 1929 there were three hours of national programming a week.
The CNR used its already-established network of telegraph wires along the rail line to connect the stations.
Aims
In comments to the House of Commons of Canada, the radio service's aims were:
In 1929, the CNR's brief to the Royal Commission on Radio Broadcasting stated that the radio service had five aims.
to advertise the railway
to publicize Canada's attractions to tourists
to entertain passengers
to "create a proper spirit of harmony among [CNR employees] and a broader appreciation of Management"
to assist colonization of Canada by providing radio service to remote settlers.
CNR president Thornton saw CNR Radio as a device to diffuse "idea |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyberella | Cyberella is an American comic book series first published in 1996 as part of the short-lived DC Comics imprint Helix. The title was initially scheduled to be an ongoing monthly, but, owing to poor sales figures for both it and the Helix line generally, was cancelled after twelve issues in 1997. Written by Howard Chaykin and drawn by Don Cameron the title has been variously described as a techno-satire and a populist cyberpunk dystopia.
Plot synopsis
Sunny Winston is an 'ordinary citizen' who exhibits aberrant behaviour living in the insular consumer-driven society of a near-future Earth.
Karoshi/Macrocorp has designed a program to keep the human masses under its sway by exploiting their affinity with popular culture. This program is based on "Lil Ella", a cartoon character created by Kelton Mosby the founder of Karoshi/Macrocorp, based on Ella Fiscus, a child star who died in a factory accident. Following Mosby's death, Karoshi/Macrocorp falls under the sway of Bronson Travis and his descendants including Bronson Travis III, the one time lover of Sunny Winston.
The Karoshi/Macrocorp plan backfires and leads to the merging of the persona of Sunny Winston with the 'Lil Ella program. The end-product of this fusion is 'Cyberella' a being imbued with various 'super-powers' (including the ability to meld her mind with others) and who sets about undermining the ambitions of Karoshi/Macrocorp.
The events narrated by the comic take place in Slangeliego, "the capital of the twenty first century [and] the greatest city in the world", a megalopolis stretching the length of the west coastline of the North American continent, from Vancouver in Canada southwards down to Tijuana in Mexico.
References
Cyberella at the Big Comic Book DataBase
1996 comics debuts
Science fiction comics
Dystopian comics
Comics by Howard Chaykin |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Kohlhase | Michael Kohlhase (born 13 September 1964, in Erlangen) is a German computer scientist and professor at University of Erlangen–Nuremberg, where he is head of the KWARC research group (Knowledge Adaptation and Reasoning for Content).
Academic Positions
Michael Kohlhase is president of the OpenMath Society and a trustee of the Interest Group for Mathematical Knowledge Management (MKM). He was a trustee of the Conference on Automated Deduction and the CALCULEMUS Interest Group. He has been Conference Chair of CADE-21 and Program Chair of the KI-2006, MKM-2005, and CALCULEMUS-2000 conferences and has served on the Programme Committees of more than three dozen international conferences.
Kohlhase holds an adjunct associate professorship at Carnegie Mellon University and was (2006–2008) vice director of the Department of Safe and Secure Cognitive Systems at German Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI) Lab Bremen.
In 2014, he became a member of the Global Digital Mathematics Library Working Group of the IMU.
Academic career
Michael Kohlhase obtained a degree in Mathematics (1989) from University of Bonn, a doctorate (1994) and habilitation (1999) in Computer Science at Saarland University. He has pursued his doctoral and post-doctoral research in extended research visits at Carnegie Mellon University,
University of Amsterdam, the University of Edinburgh, and SRI International. From 2000–2003, he has conducted research and taught at the School of Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon University, where he was appointed to an adjunct associate professor. In September 2003 he was appointed as Professor of Computer Science at Jacobs University Bremen (International University Bremen until 2007), and 2006–2008 he was vice director of the Department of Safe and Secure Cognitive Systems of the German Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI) Bremen. Since September 2016 he holds the Professorship for Knowledge Representation and Processing at University of Erlangen–Nuremberg.
He has authored or edited four books and published almost 100 peer-reviewed papers.
Awards and Scholarships
20003-year Heisenberg-Stipend of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG).
1996AKI-prize, dissertation prize of the "Arbeitsgemeinschaft deutscher KI-Institute (AKI)"
1991dissertation stipend of the Studienstiftung (German National Academic Foundation)
1986masters stipend of Studienstiftung
Research interests
Michael Kohlhase's current research interests include Automated theorem proving and knowledge representation for mathematics, inference-based techniques for natural language processing and semantics, and computer-supported education.
Much of his concrete work is based on web-based content markup formats like MathML, OpenMath, and OMDoc and systems for managing this data, e.g. semantic search engines for mathematical formulae, semantic extensions to LaTeX, or converting legacy LaTeX documents from the arXiv.
Bibliography
see a more complete bibliograp |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew%20Troelsen | Andrew W. Troelsen is currently a technology manager at Thomson Reuters in the Enterprise Content Platform (ECP - Big Data) division. He is an author of several books in the Microsoft technology space including books on Microsoft (D)COM, ATL, .NET, C#, VB (4.0 - modern) and COM & .NET Interoperability. His latest edition of his C# book covers the .NET Core platform and each C# 7.0 update. He has over 18 years experience authoring software development (3-5 day) workshops for engineers on MS platform technologies.
Books
Developer's Workshop to Com and Atl 3.0 (Andrew Troelsen (2000))
C# and the .NET Platform (Andrew Troelsen (2001))
COM and .NET Interoperability (Andrew Troelsen (2002))
Visual Basic .NET and the .NET Platform: An Advanced Guide (Andrew Troelsen (2002))
C# and the .NET Platform, Second Edition (Andrew Troelsen (2003))
Exploring .Net (Andrew Troelsen, Jason Bock (2003))
Pro C# 2005 and the .NET 2.0 Platform, Third Edition (Andrew Troelsen (2005))
Pro VB 2005 and the .NET 2.0 Platform, Second Edition (Andrew Troelsen (2006))
Expert ASP.NET 2.0: Advanced Application Design (Dominic Selly, Andrew Troelsen, Tom Barnaby (2006))
Pro C# 2008 and the .NET 3.5 Platform, Fourth Edition (Andrew Troelsen (2007))
Pro C# with .NET 3.0, Special Edition (Andrew Troelsen (2007))
Pro VB 2008 and the .NET 3.5 Platform (Andrew Troelsen (2008))
Pro VB 2010 and the .NET 4 Platform (Andrew Troelsen, Vidya Vrat Agarwal (2010))
Pro C# 2010 and the .NET 4 Platform, Fifth Edition (Andrew Troelsen (2010))
Pro Expression Blend 4 (Andrew Troelsen (2011))
Pro C# 5.0 and the .NET 4.5 Framework, Sixth Edition (Andrew Troelsen (2012))
C# 6.0 and the .NET 4.6 Framework, Seventh Edition (Andrew Troelsen, Philip Japikse (2015))
Pro C# 7: With .NET and .NET Core, Eighth Edition (Andrew Troelsen, Philip Japikse (2017))
Pro C# 8 with .NET Core 3: Foundational Principles and Practices in Programming, Ninth Edition (Andrew Troelsen, Phil Japikse (2020))
Pro C# 9 with .NET 5: Foundational Principles and Practices in Programming, Tenth Edition (Andrew Troelsen, Phillip Japikse (2021))
Pro C# 10 with .NET 6: Foundational Principles and Practices in Programming, Eleventh Edition (Andrew Troelsen, Phil Japikse (2022))
References
http https://www.linkedin.com/in/awtroelsen/
Computer programmers
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himantopterus | Himantopterus is a genus of moths in the family Himantopteridae. It was described by Constantin Wesmael in 1836.
Species
Himantopterus caudata Moore, 1879
Himantopterus dohertyi Elwes, 1890
Himantopterus fuscinervis Wesmael, 1836
Himantopterus nox Hering, 1937
Himantopterus nobuyukii Y. Kishida & Inomata, 1993
Himantopterus venatus Strand, 1914
Himantopterus zaida Doubleday, 1843
References
, 1993: A new species of the himantopterid genus Himantopterus from Borneo (Lepidoptera). Tyô to Ga, 44 (2): 49–51. Abstract and full article:
Himantopteridae
Zygaenoidea genera |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Brothers%20Flub | The Brothers Flub is an animated television series produced by Sunbow Entertainment and co-produced by jigsaw puzzle manufacturer Ravensburger. It aired in the United States on the television network Nickelodeon. The show's title characters are a pair of alien brothers named Guapo and Fraz, both of whom work as couriers, who travel throughout their universe to deliver packages to a different planet in each episode of the series. It ran from January 16, 1999, until January 8, 2000.
Summary
The Brothers Flub takes place in outer space. The show's title refers to its two central characters: a pair of blue-furred alien brothers named Guapo and Fraz Flub. Guapo is shorter and fatter than his brother, and is a lighter shade of blue. Both wear bodysuits, shoes and caps.
In the series, they work for a company called RetroGrade Interdimensional Couriers, of which a green-colored female alien named Tarara Boomdeyay is the boss. Other characters at their job include a female alien named Valerina and an older orange, male alien named Squish. The brothers, who are couriers, travel through their universe in their spacecraft (called the Hoog) to deliver packages to various planets. Each episode features a different planet with a different characteristic, such as "The Land of Oversized Games", which comprises life-sized game pieces such as a pinball machine, or "Hip City", a planet inhabited by beatnik aliens.
History
Cindy Barth of the Orlando Business Journal said that "although still an untested property, optimism is high for the Brothers Flub" because of Sunbow's record and staff members.
Production
The creators marketed the series for children ages six through eleven. Sunbow contracted with Animatics, an Orlando, Florida-based company, allowing for Animatics to create the storyline and the storyboard for the series. Laura Sullivan, the senior director of marketing of Sony Wonder, said in a 1999 Promo article that the series attracted equal numbers of male and female children and that it was "very Nickelodeon-looking." The series was delayed for a year from its original scheduled debut.
Episodes
Cast
Main cast
Guapo Flub: Jerry Sroka
Fraz Flub: Scott Menville
Tarara Boomdeyay: Charlotte Rae
Squish: Ron Hale
Valerina: Christine Cavanaugh
Additional voices
Richard Horvitz
Mariette Hartley
Joe Lala
John Kassir
Jerry Sroka
Tim Curry
Candi Milo
Jeff Bennett
H. Richard Greene
Michael Bell
Pat Fraley
Sally Struthers
Roger Rose
Kevin Michael Richardson
Jennifer Darling
Bruce Eckstart
Tom Shell
Gayiel Von
Nick Bakay
Tress MacNeille
Harvey Korman
Estelle Harris
Marsha Clark: Judy Hen
Stuart Pankin
Gregg Berger
Gary Littman
Vanessa Marshall
Peter Ratray
Dee Bradley Baker
Lori Alan
Jim Ward
Billie Hayes
Michael Horton
Tom Kenny
Tommy Widmer: Bob
Crew
Charlie Adler - Voice Director
Merchandising
The Brothers Flub was used in several promotional deals for various brands. Fast food chain KFC announced that it would use th |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloudbook | A cloudbook is a small-storage laptop which depends on networked storage services (the cloud), which come packaged with the device. Examples include Google ChromeOS cloudbooks ("Chromebooks") installed with Google Drive and Windows OS cloudbooks bundled with Microsoft's OneDrive.
References
Classes of computers
Laptops
Personal computers |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doboy%20railway%20station | Doboy railway station was a former railway station on QR Citytrain suburban network in Brisbane, the state capital of Queensland, Australia. It was located between Murarrie and Hemmant stations on the Cleveland railway line.
History
Originally named Birt's Siding, changed in 1910 to Buruda(Burata), the Aboriginal word for forest oak, it was renamed as Doboy railway station in 1929. The station consisted of two short platforms and a pedestrian overbridge, and was predominantly used by workers at the nearby meatworks.
Doboy railway station closed in 1993, after the closure of the meatworks in 1992.
References
Sources
Disused railway stations in Brisbane |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Originating%20Depository%20Financial%20Institution | Originating Depository Financial Institution or ODFI is a banking term in the United States used in connection with ACH Network (ACH). In the ACH flow, the ODFI acts as the interface between the Federal Reserve or ACH network and the originator of the transaction. The ODFI warrants to the ACH network that the transactions it transmits to the network comply with the rules. The depository institution that is a member of ACH is usually a bank or other financial institution which is initiating a payment on behalf of its client. This is different from check processing in which the paying bank on which the check is drawn warrants that the transaction is in compliance.
See also
Receiving Depository Financial Institution
References
Banking terms |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic%20Payments%20Network | The Electronic Payments Network (EPN) is an electronic clearing house that provides functions similar to those provided by Federal Reserve banks' FedACH service. The Electronic Payments Network is the only private-sector operator in the ACH Network in the United States. The EPN is operated by The Clearing House Payments Company.
See also
ACH
Clearing House Interbank Payments System (CHIPS)
Fedwire
National Automated Clearing House
Universal Payment Identification Code (UPIC)
References
External links
Official website
Banking terms
Interbank networks
Financial services companies based in New York City |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ESPN%20Canada | ESPN Canada may refer to one of the following:
ESPN Classic (Canada)
The Sports Network, an English cable station partially owned by ESPN in Canada
Réseau des sports, a French cable station partially owned by ESPN in Canada |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Sall | John P. Sall (born 1948) is an American billionaire businessman and computer software developer, who co-founded SAS Institute and created the JMP statistical software.
Sall grew up in Rockford, Illinois and earned degrees in history, economics and statistics. In 1976, he joined others from North Carolina State University in co-founding SAS Institute, an analytics software company. In the 1980s, Sall and other developers created the JMP statistical software.
Early life
John Sall was born in Rockford, Illinois in 1948. He received a bachelor's degree in history from Beloit College in Beloit, Wisconsin. Sall felt he graduated into a weak job market, so he went to graduate school at Northern Illinois University, where he earned a master's degree in economics. It was at graduate school that Sall became interested in statistics and computer science. He went on to study graduate-level statistics at North Carolina State University, where he received an honorary doctorate in 2003.
Career
James Goodnight was John Sall's mentor at North Carolina State University. In 1976, the two joined others from the University, Anthony James Barr and Jane Helwig, in founding SAS Institute, an analytics software company founded to analyze agricultural data. Sall designed, developed, and documented many of the earliest procedures of the SAS language.
Sall started developing JMP in the 1980s, when the graphical user interface was introduced on the Macintosh. Sall and a small team of developers spent a year and a half working on JMP before version one was released in October 1989. Sall continued to do coding and product development for JMP software for more than 20 years, supporting Windows 3.1, writing the product in different implementation languages, re-writing the product's "nervous system" and improving the JMP scripting language. Today Sall still acts as JMP's chief architect. He also co-authored the book JMP Start Statistics with Ann Lehman and Lee Creighton.
Personal
Sall lives in Cary, North Carolina. He is married and has four children. Sall and his wife are involved in conservation, international health and development, and environmental issues through the Sall Family Foundation. Sall was on the board of The Nature Conservancy from 2002 to 2011, and is a member of the board for the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. Sall and his wife also work with the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), CARE and other non-profits. They contributed to the founding of Cary Academy, an independent college preparatory school for students grades six through 12. Sall was elected Fellow of the American Statistical Association in 1998 and is a member of the North Carolina State University board of trustees. In 1994, he served as chairman of the Interface Foundation of North America.
Sall owns about one-third of SAS Institute, while Goodnight owns the remainder. According to Forbes, Sall's net worth was approximately $4.2 billion as of 2016, making him the 392nd richest |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paso%20Doble%20%28band%29 | Paso Doble is a German Neue Deutsche Welle (new German wave) band that formed in 1983. Their songs "Computerliebe", "Herz an Herz" and "Fantasie" have appeared on several Best of NDW/new wave compilations. They are well known for their unique sound as well as their unusual style and choreography, which have a Spanish style to go with the band's name, Paso Doble.
Career
In 1979, Rale Oberpichler, a young singer who worked mainly as a background vocalist, wanted to go solo and was looking for a songwriter. She met Frank Hieber, a pianist, keyboarder and composer who had worked with various groups and singers including Rio Reiser, Nena and Peter Schilling on his international hit "Major Tom (Coming Home)". Together, they formed Paso Doble.
In 1985, they released their first single "Computerliebe" ("computer love", not to be confused with the Kraftwerk song of the same name), which debuted on the TV show Extratour and hit number 1 on the charts for several weeks. They also had a very well received appearance in the Hitparade in March 1985. The first album they released was Fantasie and the title track also spent several weeks at number 1.
What would have been their second album, Versunkener Schatz, which they produced in 1986, was never released. Two of the songs were published as singles: "Herz an Herz" and "Magische Nacht". The album was eventually made available to the public via downloads on AOL, iTunes and MusicLoad.
The band decided to shift their work to a production and publishing side, while still releasing the occasional single and remixes. In 1992, they founded the Paso Doble Music Publishing House.
They returned to the stage after having some hiatus. A new 12" single, "Message angekommen", was released in 2005. Their two most famous songs, "Computerliebe" and "Herz an Herz", have been covered by Das Modul and Blümchen, respectively. 2020 marked a comeback, and a new album was released.
Releases
Albums
Fantasie (LP Album)
Computerliebe (CD "Best of" Album)
Magische Nacht (Download only Album)
Urknall (LP)
Singles
"Computerliebe (Die Module spielen verrückt)" (7″)
"Computerliebe (Special Disco Version)" (12″)
"Fantasie" (7″)
"Fantasie" (12″ Maxi)
"Herz an Herz" (12″)
"Herz an Herz" (7″)
"Magische Nacht" (12" Promo)
"Allein im All" (CD Maxi)
"Message angekommen" (12″)
"Kleine Killer"
References
External links
Official website
Basic version of the official website
Neue Deutsche Welle groups
German new wave musical groups
German synthpop groups
German techno musicians |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levis/Trow%20trail%20system | The Levis/Trow trail system is a 34-mile network of trails in Clark County, Wisconsin, United States, west of Neillsville, used for hiking, mountain biking, and cross-country skiing. It consists of two types of trails, doubletrack and singletrack. The doubletrack is groomed for cross-country skiing in winter. The singletrack is popular with mountain biking enthusiasts in summer and autumn.
The system is named for the Levis and Trow mounds that the trails circle and ascend. The mounds are monadnocks on the fringe of the Driftless Area. It is maintained by the Neillsville Area Trail Association and administered by the Clark County Forestry and Parks Department.
References
Mountain biking venues in the United States
Protected areas of Clark County, Wisconsin |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time%20formatting%20and%20storage%20bugs | In computer science, time formatting and storage bugs are a class of software bugs that cause errors in time and date calculation or display. These are most commonly manifestations of arithmetic overflow, but can also be the result of other issues. The most well-known consequence of bugs of this type is the Y2K problem, but many other milestone dates or times exist that have caused or will cause problems depending on various programming deficiencies.
Year 1975
On 4 January 1975, the 12-bit field that had been used for dates in the DECsystem-10 operating systems overflowed. There were numerous problems and crashes related to this bug while an alternative format was developed.
Year 1978
The Digital Equipment Corporation OS/8 operating system for the PDP-8 computer used only three bits for the year, representing the years 1970 to 1977.
This was recognized when the COS-310 operating system was developed, and dates were recorded differently.
Year 1993
Multiple Sierra Entertainment games released for the Classic Mac OS started to freeze when running on 18 September 1993. An issue in the Mac version of Sierra's Creative Interpreter (Mac SCI) would cause the game to "lock-up" when attempting to handle a delay due to a problem involving an overflow. Mac SCI would attempt to use the date to determine how long a delay should last by getting the current time in seconds since 1 January 1904, the Macintosh epoch, and dividing by 12 hours. The division was processed by the Motorola 68000 and would not occur if an overflow was detected because of the division, but the Mac SCI would continue on regardless as if the division had occurred, eventually resulting in a delay of one second being treated as a delay for 18 hours and so on. Sierra released a patch called MCDATE that resolved the problem for almost 14 years.
Year 1997
The Domain/OS clock, which is based on the number of 4-microsecond units that has occurred since 1 January 1980, rolled past 47 bits on 2 November 1997, rendering unpatched systems unusable.
Year 1999
In the last few months before the year 2000, two other date-related milestones occurred that received less publicity than the then-impending Y2K problem.
First GPS rollover
GPS dates are expressed as a week number and a day-of-week number, with the week number transmitted as a ten-bit value. This means that every 1,024 weeks (about 19.6 years) after Sunday 6 January 1980, (the GPS epoch), the date resets again to that date; this happened for the first time at 23:59:47 on 21 August 1999, the second time at 23:59:42 UTC on 6 April 2019, and will happen again on 20 November 2038. To address this concern, modernised GPS navigation messages use a 13-bit field, which only repeats every 8,192 weeks (157 years), and will not return to zero until the year 2137.
9/9/99
In many programs or data sets, "9/9/99" was used as a rogue value to indicate either an unresolved date or as a terminator to indicate no further data was in the set. This raised i |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GRaPH-Int | The Genome-based Research and Population Health International Network (GRaPH-Int) is an international collaboration of experts and researchers focused in the area of population health. The principal goal of the network is to promote the translation of genome-based science and technology into improvements in population health.
One of GRaPH-Int's key features is the integration of knowledge from a range of disciplines, such as genome-based science, population sciences, the humanities and social sciences. The ‘Int’ underscores the interdisciplinarity of the collaboration, but also signifies that it is international and integrated.
Mission
The mission of the Genome-based Research and Population Health International Network (GRaPH-Int) is to promote an international collaboration that facilitates the responsible and effective integration of genome-based knowledge and technologies into public policies, programmes, and services for improving population health.
History
Bellagio Initiative
Modern research in genetics and molecular biology, boosted by information emerging from the Human Genome Project, offers new opportunities for the promotion of population health. Anticipated benefits include more effective population-based public health disease prevention and control activities; population screening and predictive genetic testing for common multi-factorial diseases; and targeted populations-based interventions.
However, mining the genome-based information for potential benefits and ensuring that they are effectively implemented, with appropriate attention to avoiding harm, has proven to be an enormous task. A new field within public health, called public health genomics has evolved which addresses these issues.
A meeting of experts was convened in Bellagio Italy in 2005 with funding from the Rockefeller Foundation to address the tasks involved in deriving public health benefit from this vast array of new knowledge. The delegates saw the need for an international network, which would promote the goals of public health genomics. Based on discussions of the challenges involved, they developed the framework and priorities of the Genome-based Research and Population Health International Network (GRaPH-Int). The Bellagio group defined GRaPH-Int as a network of individuals who are interested in the impact of the interaction between genes and the environment on population health
Following the Bellagio meeting, The GRaPH-Int website was launched at the 4th International DNA Sampling Conference - Montreal, June 2006.
Goals
GRaPH-Int aims to establish itself as an international network that promotes the goals of public health, engages international experts, and shares knowledge and resources. The following six goals have identified for the network:
To provide an international forum for dialogue and collaboration
To promote relevant research
To support the development of an integrated knowledge base
To promote education and training
To encourage com |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashlar-Vellum | Ashlar-Vellum, a dba of Ashlar Incorporated, is a developer of Computer-aided design (CAD) and 3D modeling software for both the Macintosh and Microsoft Windows platforms. Ashlar-Vellum's interface, designed in 1988 by Dr. Martin Newell and Dan Fitzpatrick, featured an automated Drafting Assistant that found useful points in the geometry and allowed the artist to quickly connect to locations like the "midpoint" or "tangent".
Their original 2D product, Vellum, underwent numerous upgrades and gained 3D surface modelling capabilities over time. This product is now known as Graphite. In 1998 Vellum was joined by Solids, which added full solid modeling support. This product is now known as Cobalt, and is also offered in several sub-versions with different feature sets and price points.
Founded in Sunnyvale, California, Ashlar Incorporated is now headquartered in Austin, Texas, with additional offices in Kyiv, Ukraine.
In response to Russian invasion of Ukraine Ashlar-Vellum published statement claiming continuous support for Ukrainian Team and asked to support Ukraine by donating to humanitarian and medical aid, and support Ukrainian Military.
The Designer Elements Product Family
The Ashlar-Vellum product family features the Designer Elements including Graphite, Cobalt, Xenon and Argon.
Graphite
Graphite offers 2D and 3D wireframe drafting.
Graphite is the modern successor to Ashlar's earlier Vellum program, originally released in 1989. Introduced in 2001, Graphite competes with AutoCAD LT and VectorWorks.
Cobalt
Cobalt is Ashlar-Vellum's top-level product for 3D modeling and CAD on Mac and Windows. It integrates parametric wireframe, freeform surfacing, feature-based solid modeling and photo-realistic rendering all using the Vellum interface. Everything in Cobalt is history-driven with associativity and 2D equation-driven parametrics and constraints. It offers surfacing tools, mold design tools, detailing, and engineering features. Cobalt also includes a library of 149,000 mechanical parts.
Cobalt is the successor to Ashlar's earlier Vellum Solids program released in 1998. Debuted in 2001, Cobalt competes with Solid Edge, SolidWorks, CATIA, NX, and Pro/Engineer.
Xenon
Xenon is the mid-level product in Ashlar-Vellum's Designer Elements line of 3D modeling and CAD software for product design on Mac and Windows. Xenon's set of tools within the Vellum interface provides integrated 2D/3D sketching, concept development, design visualization, photorealistic rendering, and engineering drawings.
Argon
Argon's hybrid solid and surface modeling capabilities provide flexibility in shape design combined with data accuracy. This aids data translation and collaboration in the design process. Precision 2D drawings generated directly from the 3D model facilitate manufacturing. Argon is Ashlar-Vellum's entry-level product in their Designer Elements line of 3D modeling and CAD software on Mac and Windows.
The Vellum Interface
Drafting Assistant
Draft |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual%20Storage%20Personal%20Computing | Virtual Storage Personal Computing (VSPC) was a service offered by IBM in the late 1970s and early 1980s. From a data terminal, users could run both interactive processes and batch jobs on remote computing hardware (located in IBM service centres) to which they were connected e.g. by telephone lines using modems. Among the programming languages offered were VSPC variants of BASIC, FORTRAN, APL and PL/I. VSPC became obsolete following the invention of the Personal Computer as computing power became available to the individual user locally.
In a campus setting, VSPC offered users the ability to create and submit programs to an IBM (or compatible) mainframe without using punched cards, though the programs were still submitted as card images, and programs so submitted needed all the usual IBM Job Control Language (JCL) statements to access the mainframe batch submission and resource allocation processes. Output from a job submitted through VSPC could be routed to a printer, or back to the user's VSPC account, though in general the output would be too wide to be viewed easily on a VSPC terminal.
Although IBM Selectric terminals were supported (with special typeballs for APL programming), most VSPC interaction was through half-duplex IBM 3270 (and compatible) terminals. Using VSPC for APL programming required a special terminal which implemented APL symbols in addition to the usual EBCDIC characters.
References
IBM services |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WBTS-CD | WBTS-CD (channel 15) is a Class A television station licensed to Nashua, New Hampshire, United States, serving as the NBC outlet for the Boston area. It is owned and operated by the network's NBC Owned Television Stations division alongside Merrimack, New Hampshire–licensed Telemundo station WNEU (channel 60); it is also sister to regional cable news channel New England Cable News (NECN) and regional sports network NBC Sports Boston. The four outlets share studios at the NBCU Boston Media Center on B Street in Needham, Massachusetts.
Under a channel sharing arrangement, WBTS-CD shares transmitter facilities with Boston-licensed PBS member station WGBX-TV (channel 44) on Cedar Street, also in Needham, on a tower also used by several other TV and radio stations. Despite WBTS-CD legally holding a low-power Class A license, it transmits using WGBX-TV's full-power spectrum. This ensures complete reception across the Boston television market.
WBTS-CD is carried on channel 10 by most local cable television providers; hence the station's on-air branding (since 2018) as NBC 10 Boston.
History
TV13 Nashua
The station came to the air at 8p.m. on January 29, 1988, as W13BG on VHF channel 13 in Nashua; its license was granted on July 29. Founded by Robert Rines and owned by Center Broadcasting Corporation of New Hampshire, a non-profit partnership between the Concord–based Franklin Pierce Law Center and the Boston–based Academy of Law Sciences, the station aired local community programming for the Nashua area, along with programming that was already being sold to cable stations though the Yankee Communications Network. Channel 13 changed its callsign to WYCN-LP on April 8, 1996. Its analog-era tower was located on the Rivier University campus between two above-ground reservoirs and Brassard Hall, with studios located in Memorial Hall on the same campus.
WYCN-LP was nearly dropped by Harron Cable on its Nashua-area systems in October 1999 to accommodate a must-carry request by WMFP (channel 62), a move that could have led to the closure of channel 13 even though its carriage on MediaOne in Nashua itself was not affected. Its carriage was ultimately continued by Adelphia Communications following its purchase of Harron, though the station was dropped for a time in 2000 after an additional must-carry request, from WYDN (channel 48), while Adelphia rebuilt the systems. By August 11, 2000, WYCN-LP had been authorized to carry programming from FamilyNet.
WYCN-LP, along with three co-owned translators in Nashua, Manchester, and Concord, was sold by Center Broadcasting Corporation of New Hampshire to New Hampshire 1 Network, a company controlled by William H. Binnie, in 2010; by this point, control of the stations had passed to longtime WYCN staffers Gordon Jackson and Carolyn Choate following the death of Robert Rines. The deal was completed January 3, 2012; in the meantime, Binnie would also acquire WBIN-TV (channel 50, now WWJE-DT) in Derry. As a result of t |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Besta%20%28computer%29 | Besta (Беста) is a Soviet Unix-based graphics workstation. Starting in 1988, more than 1,000 were produced.
There were several versions of the computer. Besta-88 has a Motorola 68020 CPU and VME bus.
The Bestix operating system is a legally ported version of AT&T UNIX System V Release 3.2.
External links
«Беста-88», Natalia Dubova (in russian)
Linux in Russia (in russian) - contains a citation of M. Moshkov on Besta
68k-based computers
Soviet computer systems |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern%20Electronics | Modern Electronics was a hobbyist magazine published from October 1984 to March 1991. It became Computer Craft in April 1991 and the name changed again to MicroComputer Journal in January 1994. Modern Electronics, Inc. was owned by CQ Communications, Inc, the publishers of CQ Amateur Radio.
Art Salsberg was Editor-in-Chief and Alexander W. Burawa was the Managing Editor. The contributing editors included Len Feldman, Glenn Hauser, Forrest Mims and Don Lancaster. Many members of the editorial staff had previously worked for Popular Electronics but left when that magazine was changed to Computers & Electronics. Here is how Art Salsberg described the new magazine.
Many of you probably know of me from my decade-long stewardship of Popular Electronics magazine, which changed its name and editorial philosophy last year to distance itself from active electronics enthusiasts who move fluidly across electronics and computer product areas. In a sense, then, Modern Electronics is the successor to the original concept of Popular Electronics …
Earlier use of title
The title Modern Electronics was used by another magazine that ran from February to October 1978. It was published by the Coean Publishing Corporation of Port Washington New York. The publisher was Richard A Cowan and the editors were Anthony Curtis and Mort Walters. Coean Publishing did not register a trademark for the title Modern Electronics so it was available for Art Salsberg to use in 1984.
References
External links
Archived Modern Electronics magazines on the Internet Archive
Monthly magazines published in the United States
Defunct magazines published in the United States
Hobby magazines published in the United States
Magazines established in 1984
Magazines disestablished in 1991
Magazines published in New York (state)
Science and technology magazines published in the United States
Hobby electronics magazines |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software%20effect%20processor | A software effect processor is a computer program which is able to modify the signal coming from a digital audio source in real time.
Principle of operation
The digital audio signal, whose origin may be analog (by conversion to digital) or be in an already digital source (such as an audio file, or a software synthesizer), is stored in temporary allotments of computer memory called buffers. Once there, the software effect processor modifies the signal according to a specific algorithm, which creates the desired effect. After this operation, the signal may be transformed from digital to analog and sent to an audible output, stored in digital form for later reproduction or editing, or sent to other software effect processors for additional processing.
Latency
The larger the buffer is, the more time it takes to play the audio data sent for playback. Large buffers increase the time required before the next buffer can be played, this delay is usually called latency. Every system has certain limitations - too small buffers involving negligible latencies cannot be smoothly processed by computer, so the reasonable size starts at about 32 samples. The processor load does not affect latency (it means, once you set certain buffer size, the latency is constant). But with very high processor loads, the buffer isn't filled with new sound in time for playback, and the sound drops out. Increasing buffer size or quitting other applications helps to keep playback smooth.
Drivers
Microsoft Windows
The default Windows drivers are not optimized for low latency effect processing. As a solution, Audio Stream Input/Output (ASIO) was created. ASIO is supported by most professional music applications. Most sound cards directed at this market support ASIO. If the hardware manufacturer doesn't provide ASIO drivers, there are other ASIO free alternatives, which can be used for any audio interface. ASIO drivers can be emulated, in this case the driver name is ASIO Multimedia. However, the latency when using these drivers is very high.
Apple Mac OS X
All the Mac compatible hardware uses CoreAudio drivers, so the software effects processors can work with small latency and good performance.
See also
List of music software
Music software
Pitch modification software |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norwegian%20Research%20Center%20for%20Computers%20and%20Law | Norwegian Research Center for Computers and Law (, SERI) at the Faculty of Law, University of Oslo is the second-oldest academic institution in the world working specifically with the interrelationship of law and information / communication technology. Today, the NRCCL is one of the world leading institutions in the field of information/communication technology law.
NRCCL's main areas of research are media law and Internet governance, legal technology, electronic commerce, eGovernment, data protection and information security. The center offers a LL.M.-degree in Information and Communication Technology Law.
The center was founded by Professor Knut S. Selmer and Professor Jon Bing.
Professor Knut S. Selmer was succeeded by Professor Jon Bing as Chair of the Centre in 1989. The present Chair of the NRCCL is professor Lee Andrew Bygrave.
See also
IT law
References
External links
Official website
University of Oslo
Legal research institutes |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesse%20Thorn | Jesse Michael Gabriel Thorn (born April 24, 1981) is an American media entrepreneur and public radio and podcast host/creator. He is the owner and founder of the Maximum Fun podcast network, and the host and producer of the podcasts Judge John Hodgman and Jordan, Jesse, Go! and the radio show and podcast Bullseye. Bullseye (formerly The Sound of Young America), is distributed by National Public Radio to several hundred public terrestrial radio stations. In addition to his work in radio and podcasts, Jesse Thorn also hosted the television program The Grid, which formerly aired on IFC, and The Sound of Young America, which aired on Current, and runs a blog and web video series devoted to men's fashion called Put This On. As an actor, he has appeared on stage with the sketch comedy group Prank the Dean and on IFC's Comedy Bang Bang.
Early life
Thorn grew up in San Francisco, where he attended Discovery Center School, The Nueva School and Ruth Asawa San Francisco School of the Arts. He graduated from the University of California, Santa Cruz, where he cofounded The Sound of Young America and worked as news director of the campus radio station KZSC. The Sound of Young America began as a college radio variety show featuring Thorn and two other cohosts, Jordan Morris and Gene O'Neill.
Career
Near the end of 2004, Thorn began to make his show, The Sound of Young America, available as a podcast. A few months later, Thorn received a call from the director of programming at PRI, who had heard one of the podcasts and expressed interest in distributing the show. In 2006 WNYC-FM, a public radio station in New York City, picked up the show, and PRI decided to distribute it. By September 2008 the show was carried on 18 public radio stations, in addition to the podcast. This was the beginning of Maximum Fun, which Thorn still owns, although he now has an administrative team.
Thorn and the show were mentioned in The Wall Street Journal, Time Magazine and Salon.com, with Salon describing Thorn's interviewing style as combining "the civility and preparedness of [Terry] Gross leavened with the good humor of [Conan] O'Brien."
In 2006, Thorn and former Sound of Young America co-host Jordan Morris launched another podcast, Jordan, Jesse, Go! Thorn has also produced several other podcasts for MaximumFun.org, including Elizabeth Gilbert's Magic Lessons, the scripted comedy series Bubble, Coyle & Sharpe: The Imposters and The Kasper Hauser Comedy Podcast. He was also a part of sketch comedy group Prank the Dean, along with Morris, Lauren Pasternak and Jim Real.
Over time, The Sound of Young America (now Bullseye), which had had a variety talk show, became more focused on interviews. Thorn has interviewed many notable personalities on his show, including Dolly Parton, Greta Gerwig, Jay Leno, Antonio Banderas, Jeff Goldblum and E-40. Thorn also interviewed Stephen Colbert as a part of iTunes's Meet the Author series.
Thorn has become notably identified with a p |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angoss | Angoss Software Corporation, headquartered in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, with offices in the United States and UK, acquired by Datawatch and now owned by Altair, was a provider of predictive analytics systems through software licensing and services. Angoss' customers represent industries including finance, insurance, mutual funds, retail, health sciences, telecom and technology. The company was founded in 1984, and publicly traded on the TSX Venture Exchange from 2008-2013 under the ticker symbol ANC.
In June 2013, the private equity firm Peterson Partners acquired Angoss for $8.4 million.
Software
KnowledgeREADER is an integrated customer intelligence product combining visual text discovery and predictive analytics for customer experience management.
KnowledgeSEEKER is a data mining product. Its features include data profiling, data visualization and decision tree analysis. It was first released in 1990.
KnowledgeSTUDIO is a data mining and predictive analytics suite for the model development and deployment cycle. Its features include data profiling, data visualization, decision tree analysis, predictive modeling, implementation, scoring, validation, monitoring and scorecard development.
KnowledgeEXCELERATOR is a visual data discovery software and prediction tool for business analysts and knowledge workers.
StrategyBUILDER is an add-on module for KnowledgeSEEKER and KnowledgeSTUDIO and is a product to design, verify, and deploy predictive and business rules.
Services
FundGUARD is software as a service for marketing, sales targeting and predictive leads for mutual funds and wealth management companies.
ClaimGUARD is a fraud and abuse detection service.
Cloud on demand Software is offered for KnowledgeSEEKER, KnowledgeSTUDIO and its text analytics module.
KnowledgeSCORE for Salesforce.com customer relationship management is a forecasting and predictive sales analytics system for Salesforce users.
See also
List of statistical packages
Predictive analytics
See also
FICO
References
External links
Companies formerly listed on the TSX Venture Exchange
Software companies of Canada
Companies established in 1993
Data mining and machine learning software
1993 establishments in Canada
Software companies established in 1993 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WDLV | WDLV (88.7 FM) is a non-commercial contemporary Christian-format radio station licensed to serve Fort Myers, Florida. The station is part of Educational Media Foundation's K-Love network.
History
88.7 FM was first founded by Bob and Felice Augsburg as WAYJ, a Contemporary Christian music (CCM)-format station, as a way to expand messages about Christianity to a younger audience, following the success of their weekly program for youth on another local Christian station, WSOR. The first station and former flagship of the WAY-FM Network, after establishing additional stations, the WAY-FM group would relocate its corporate offices to Colorado Springs, Colorado in 2001.
Sales
On February 14, 2012, it was announced that Classical South Florida was in the process of acquiring WAYJ from WAY-FM for $4.35 million. Following the announcement of the sale, WAY-FM announced that they would acquire competing station WSRX 89.5 from the Family Church of Marco Island; this move was designed to continue WAY-FM programming in its legacy Southwest Florida market. In the interim, programming from WAYJ began simulcasting on WSRX on March 1, 2012.
Upon completion of the sale on June 7, 2012, WAYJ's call sign was changed to WNPS, and the WAYJ call sign was assumed by WSRX 89.5 on June 18, 2012.
On July 17, 2015, WNPS was sold to Educational Media Foundation and switched to EMF's K-Love under new call letters, WDLV. In consequence, the CCM format, which is featured on K-Love, resumed at 88.7 FM after three years, but now competing with the former occupant of 88.7, WAYJ. Following this switch of formats, the prior K-Love affiliate in the Fort Myers area, 98.5 FM WLVO, became affiliated with Radio Nueva Vida, EMF's Spanish-language network. EMF's purchase of WDLV, along with co-owned WFLV, WMLV, W214BD, and W270AD, was consummated on November 2, 2015, at a price of $21.7 million.
References
External links
Radio stations established in 1988
Mass media in Fort Myers, Florida
K-Love radio stations
1987 establishments in Florida
Educational Media Foundation radio stations
DLV |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAYJ | WAYJ (89.5 FM) is a radio station broadcasting a Christian radio format. Licensed to Naples, Florida, United States, the station is currently owned and operated by WAY-FM Network.
History
The station went on the air as WBPT on February 1, 1988, as "Power 89.5 The Spark". It was a simulcast of WSRX (now WJYO) 91.5 "The Spark", which was playing Hiphop, Freestyle, and Dance music at the time. Some of their Saturday night broadcasts included live performers like DJ Magic Mike, Johnny O., Sexy C, and many other South Florida local artists.
On June 16, 1992, the station changed its call sign to WSRX, broadcasting as The Spark, with Arnie Coones. Later, Jim Channell, Donna Jones, Bob Edgar and Connie McNair were the hosts sharing Jesus across S.W. Florida as Praise FM, 89.5. The station was moved to the Shadowlawn Assembly of God Church, and there Shelre' joined the group and open the airways to Adult Contemporary Christian music 24 hours a day. Later, the station went to 100,000 watts.
On February 14, 2012, it was announced that WAY-FM was in the process of acquiring WSRX from the Family Church; this move was designed to continue WAY-FM programming in its legacy Southwest Florida market, following plans by Classical South Florida to acquire its now-former station, WAYJ 88.7. On March 1, 2012, WSRX's programming was discontinued, in favor of simulcasting WAYJ in the interim. On June 7, 2012, the sale of WAYJ to Classical South Florida was completed, becoming a classical music station WNPS, with WAY-FM programming exclusively heard on WSRX. On June 18, 2012, the station changed its call sign to the current WAYJ.
Translators
WOLZ 95.3 FM repeats WAYJ on its HD Radio subchannel.
References
External links
WAYJ official site
Family Church of Marco Island (former owners of Praise FM)
Radio stations established in 1988
Contemporary Christian radio stations in the United States
WAY-FM Network
1988 establishments in Florida
AYJ |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Nite%20Life | The Nite Life is an Australian Christian pop radio program on the Life FM network. Like Neighbours, many of the notable Christian personalities in Australia originate from that show. The show is of talk back format, and consists of different radio jocks every night of the week. The show simulcasts the Hot 25 Countdown on Friday as most listeners are at youth group.
Hosts
The show was formally hosted by the radio jock Kate Collins, who has since moved to Channel Nine. The biggest competitors are the Hot 30 Countdown and the Nova 9's.
Monday - Brad, Ben, Jayne, Amie, Haydn
Tuesday - KJ - Pomfus
Wednesday - Joel - Josh - Seth - Sedrick Sockington
Thursday - Chloe - Bek - Carol - Bec (Mercy Ministries)
See also
Hot 30 Countdown
Nova 9's
Christian rock radio programs
Australian music radio programs |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transaction%20data | Transaction data or transaction information is a category of data describing transactions. Transaction data/information gather variables generally referring to reference data or master data – e.g. dates, times, time zones, currencies.
Typical transactions are:
Financial transactions about orders, invoices, payments;
Work transactions about plans, activity records;
Logistic transactions about deliveries, storage records, travel records, etc..
Management
Recording and storing transactions is called records management. The record of the transaction is stored in a place where the retention can be guaranteed and where data is archived or removed following a retention period. Formats of recorded transactions can be digital data in databases and spreadsheets, or handwritten texts in physical documents like former bankbooks.
Transaction processing systems are application software that generate transactions and manage transaction data/information, e.g. SAP and Oracle Financials.
Data warehousing
Transaction data can be summarised in a data warehouse, which helps accessibility and analysis of the data.
See also
Data modeling
Data architecture
Information lifecycle management, process of administering digital data storage and applying policies for effective information management
Data management
Transaction processing
References |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reference%20data | Reference data is data used to classify or categorize other data. Typically, they are static or slowly changing over time.
Examples of reference data include:
Units of measurement
Country codes
Corporate codes
Fixed conversion rates e.g., weight, temperature, and length
Calendar structure and constraints
Reference data sets are sometimes alternatively referred to as a "controlled vocabulary" or "lookup" data.
Reference data differs from master data. While both provide context for business transactions, reference data is concerned with classification and categorisation, while master data is concerned with business entities. A further difference between reference data and master data is that a change to the reference data values may require an associated change in business process to support the change, while a change in master data will always be managed as part of existing business processes. For example, adding a new customer or sales product is part of the standard business process. However, adding a new product classification (e.g. "restricted sales item") or a new customer type (e.g. "gold level customer") will result in a modification to the business processes to manage those items.
Externally-defined reference data
For most organisations, most or all reference data is defined and managed within that organisation.
Some reference data, however, may be externally defined and managed, for example by standards organizations. An example of externally-defined reference data is the set of country codes as defined in ISO 3166-1.
Reference data management
Curating and managing reference data is key to ensuring its quality and thus fitness for purpose. All aspects of an organisation, operational and analytical, are greatly dependent on the quality of an organization's reference data. Without consistency across business process or applications, for example, similar things may be described in quite different ways. Reference data gain in value when they are widely re-used and widely referenced.
Examples of good practice in reference data management include:
Formalize the reference data management
Use external reference data as much as possible
Govern the reference data specific to your enterprise
Manage reference data at enterprise level
Version control your reference data
References
Further reading
See also
Master data
Data modeling
Master data management
Enterprise bookmarking
Data architecture
Transaction data
Code (metadata)
External links
Microsoft MSDN, Reference Data Services in DQS, 2012
Data management |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanesque%20Road | The Romanesque Road () is a scenic route in the German state of Saxony-Anhalt in central-east Germany. It is part of the Transromanica network, a major European Cultural Route since 2006.
Route
The route takes the form of a figure-of-eight, with a northern and a southern loop, and the city of Magdeburg as its centre, linking village churches, monasteries, cathedrals and castles built between 950 and 1250 and which therefore represent the emergence of Christianity in this part of Germany. Their Romanesque architecture can be recognised by its angular shapes and the round arches of the windows and doors as shown on the official Romanesque Road signs. As well as the specific Romanesque stops en route, there are other villages and churches to explore.
Major places of interest
Magdeburg
Cathedral
Unser Lieben Frauen monastery
St Peter's Church
St Sebastian's Church
Northern Route
Southern Route
As an incentive to raise the profile and support the economy along the Romanesque Road in the Saxony-Anhalt region there is an annual competition for the 'Romanesque Prize', worth €10,000.
See also
List of regional characteristics of Romanesque churches
Romanesque art
Route Romane d'Alsace
References
External links
Official website
German tourist routes
Tourist attractions in Saxony-Anhalt
Romanesque architecture |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WWGC | WWGC AM 1090 is a radio station licensed to serve Albertville, Alabama. The station is owned by The Jeff Beck Broadcasting Group, LLC. It airs a Latino Music programming format.
The station has been assigned the WWGC call letters by the Federal Communications Commission since April 24, 2002.
References
External links
WGC
Hispanic and Latino American culture in Alabama
Radio stations established in 1982
1982 establishments in Alabama
WGC |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlindWrite | BlindWrite, the successor to BlindRead, is a computer program that writes to recordable CDs. The Blindread software, which reads CDs and writes CD image files, has been discontinued as a separately released product, but BlindRead's code is included in the newer BlindWrite suite of software that also code to control CD writers. BlindWrite's most distinctive feature touted over other pre-existing CD writing software was to use the CD images BlindRead made. BlindRead's main features were the use of Sub codes and its willingness to be "blind" to errors and continue the copying process, rather than quitting when encountering reading errors often caused from hardware trouble or disk damage (such as scratches or even intentional "damage" created by the manufacturer as a form of copy protection) that would often cause many other software packages to terminate the reading process.
Support for "Sub codes", also known as "Sub Channel Data", distinguished the files created with BlindRead from other software that created CD image files. The "Sub code" data could be written in *.SUB files added to either of two already-existing popular formats (ISO image and Cue sheet), or the Sub code data could be written in *.BWS files in BlindRead's native format that consisted of writing a CD image in a group of three files. This format, which has become known more widely as the BlindWrite native format (now that BlindRead is not maintained and distributed as a separate product anymore), has two or three files for a proper image. The *.BWS Sub code image is optional and may or may not get created depending on an option selected in the software that created the image. The *.BWT control file is another relatively small file (that may be a very small number of kilobytes when part of a multi-file CD image for a full-sized 650MB CD) that is typically the file referred to in the user interfaces of software that supports this format and chooses just one file extension per CD image for the purposes of filename selection. (This includes VSO's software and Daemon Tools.) The *.BWI file is the large image file.
BlindWrite version 5 (released in Q4 2003) has been found using new native files that come in pairs. The files use the extensions *.B5T (a relatively small file) and *.B5I image files.
BlindWrite version 6 (released in Q3 2006) also has been found using new native files that come in pairs. The files use the extensions *.B6T (a relatively small file) and *.B6I image files. This has also added support for Blu-Ray discs.
The BlindRead format has been supported by software other than BlindRead and BlindWrite, including Daemon Tools, which was some of the earliest supporting software (capable of using *.BWT files even before Blindwrite was released). The format was embraced by enthusiasts who were interested in making "more perfect" copies of CDs by using a process that used the Sub code data that other computer software did not support (and so ignored, instead of used).
Awar |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP%20hole%20punching | TCP NAT traversal and TCP hole punching (sometimes NAT punch-through) in computer networking occurs when two hosts behind a network address translation (NAT) are trying to connect to each other with outbound TCP connections. Such a scenario is particularly important in the case of peer-to-peer communications, such as Voice-over-IP (VoIP), file sharing, teleconferencing, chat systems and similar applications.
TCP hole punching is an experimentally used NAT traversal technique for establishing a TCP connection between two peers on the Internet behind NAT devices. NAT traversal is a general term for techniques that establish and maintain TCP/IP network and/or TCP connections traversing NAT gateways.
Terminology
In the following, the terms host, client and peer are used almost interchangeably.
local endpoint, internal endpoint
the local IP:port as seen locally by the host and the internal part of the NAT.
public endpoint, external endpoint
the external IP:port mapped by the NAT, as seen by the network and the external part of the NAT.
remote endpoint
the IP:port of the other peer as seen by the network, or the external parts of both NATs.
Description
NAT traversal, through TCP hole punching, establishes bidirectional TCP connections between Internet hosts in private networks using NAT. It does not work with all types of NATs, as their behavior is not standardized.
When two hosts are connecting to each other in TCP, both via outbound connections, they are in the "simultaneous TCP open" case of the TCP state machine diagram.
Network Drawing
{| style="border: 1px black solid;"
| Peer A ←→ Gateway A (NAT-a) ← .. Network .. → Gateway B (NAT-b) ←→ Peer B
|}
Types of NAT
The availability of TCP hole punching depends on the type of computer port allocation used by the NAT.
For two peers behind a NAT to connect to each other via , they need to know a little bit about each other. One thing that they absolutely need to know is the "location" of the other peer, or the remote endpoint. The remote endpoint is the data of the IP address and a port that the peer will connect to. So when two peers, A and B, initiate TCP connections by binding to local ports Pa and Pb, respectively, they need to know the remote endpoint port as mapped by the NAT to make the connection.
When both peers are behind a NAT, how to discover the public remote endpoint of the other peer is a problem called NAT port prediction. All TCP NAT traversal and hole punching techniques have to solve the port prediction problem.
A NAT port allocation can be one of the two:
predictable the gateway uses a simple algorithm to map the local port to the NAT port. Most of the time a NAT will use port preservation, which means that the local port is mapped to the same port on the NAT.
non predictable the gateways use an algorithm that is either random or too impractical to predict.
Depending on whether the NATs exhibit a predictable or non-predictable behavior, it will be possible or |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CHTV | CHTV was a privately owned TV channel in German-speaking Switzerland. It broadcast from 2013 to 2017.
Programming
References
External links
Television stations in Switzerland
Television channels and stations established in 2013
2013 establishments in Switzerland
German-language television stations
Mass media in Lucerne |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadath | Al-Ḥadath al-Ḥamrā' (Arabic for "Hadath the Red") or Adata () was a town and fortress near the Taurus Mountains (modern southeastern Turkey), which played an important role in the Byzantine–Arab Wars.
Location
The town was located at ca. 1000 m altitude on the southern feet of the Taurus-Antitaurus range, near the upper course of the Aksu River in the Gölbaşı district. Its exact location has been lost, and it has been variously identified with locations north or south of Inekli lake.
History
Hadath became important in the early Middle Ages due to its strategic location: it was located in the fortified frontier zone, the Thughūr, that separated the Umayyad and Abbasid empires from the Byzantine Empire. The town lay to the southwest of the important Pass of Hadath/Adata (darb al-Ḥadath) which led over the Taurus into Byzantine Anatolia, but was also situated between the two major frontier strongholds of Marash/Germanikeia (mod. Kahramanmaraş) and Malatya/Melitene, and controlled passage from northern Mesopotamia to western Armenia. As such, it became a major base for the frequent Muslim invasions and raids into Byzantine territories, and was often targeted by the Byzantines in return.
It was conquered by the Arabs under Habib ibn Maslama during the reign of Caliph Umar (r. 634–644), and became a base for the annual invasions launched against Byzantine Anatolia under the Caliph Muawiyah (r. 661–680). The Byzantines reclaimed the city in the 750s but did not reoccupy it permanently. In 778, the Byzantine general Michael Lachanodrakon sacked the city, but it was immediately rebuilt by Caliph Al-Mahdi (r. 775–785). Mahdi renamed it al-Mahdiya or al-Muhammadiya on this occasion, but these names failed to catch on. Mahdi's successor Al-Hadi further repopulated the city with people from the surrounding region, but in the winter of 786, floods caused heavy damage to the city walls, which had been hastily rebuilt of sun-dried bricks. The Byzantine strategos of the Armeniacs, Nikephoros, learned of this and destroyed the city, burning it to the ground.
It was completely rebuilt, refortified and garrisoned by Harun al-Rashid (r. 786–809), who made it one of the most important towns in the Thughūr. It is in this incarnation that the town is best known from literary sources: it was protected by the fortress of al-Uhaydab ("Little Hunchback"), built on a hill, while the town itself was reportedly as big as Marash. Hadath continued to serve the Abbasids as a base for cross-frontier raids, but the Byzantines also attacked the city several times, sacking it in 841 and 879. The region around the town and especially the pass were the scene of frequent and bloody clashes, to the extent that the Arabs reportedly renamed it darb al-salāma ("pass of peace") in an attempt, as the Encyclopedia of Islam comments, "to exorcise the evil fate which seemed to be attached to it". In 949/950, the Byzantines under Leo Phokas seized the town and razed it and its fortification |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALDL | Assembly Line Diagnostic Link, Assembly Line Data Link, or ALDL is a proprietary on-board diagnostics system developed by General Motors before the standardization of OBD-2. It was previously called Assembly Line Communications Link or ALCL. The two terms are used interchangeably.
The ALDL communications link was originally developed at the General Motors Emissions Control Systems Project Center located at GM's Milford, Michigan Proving ground. The center was responsible for coordinating all divisional and staff design, testing and development activities of the emission control system for GM USA passenger vehicles designed to meet the requirements of the 1981 clean air act.
"Project Center Chief Engineer Harry H. Lyon explains, "Basically, the ECS project center is a common watering hole for all (GM) divisional and corporate staff activities."
For example, we had representation from eight component divisions, AC Spark Plug, Delco Electronics, Delco Products, Delco Remy, Diesel Equipment, Packard Electric, Rochester Products, and
Saginaw Steering Gear. The five car divisions, the body and assembly divisions, seven corporate staffs, and the patent section were also represented."
"This allows us to pool our knowledge and avoid costly and timely duplication, while at the same time it provides us with a centralized avenue to corporate management," said Lyon. More specifically, the center has responsibility for coordinating such projects as engineering specifications for both hardware and software."
"In addition to monitoring the engine process, it is equipped to periodically read its own pulse and communicate the presence of any problems. It is able to do this by flashing a check engine light on the car's instrument panel and storing the information about a malfunction in its memory. When taken to a service center, the ECM uses this
same light to "talk" to the mechanic through a flashing code that indicates where the problem is. On Cadillacs, the proper code is digitally displayed. To ensure high quality in the Computer Command Control system, it will be given a final check at the end of the assembly line. Here the completely assembled vehicle will be tested by connecting the computer to a test computer. This will significantly improve GM's ability to catch anything wrong with the system or the car's engine."
A specification was written for the data link and provided to the service community by the project center service engineers in 1981 (XDE-5024B).
This system was only vaguely standardized and suffered from the fact that specifications for the communications link varied from one model to the next. ALDL was largely used by manufacturers for diagnostics at their dealerships and official maintenance facilities. The connector is usually located under the dash on the driver's side of left-hand drive (LHD) vehicles, though this location was not standardized.
For the assembly plant test system computer that was connected to this vehicle connector |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packed%20to%20the%20Rafters | Packed to the Rafters was an Australian family-oriented comedy drama television program which premiered on the Seven Network on Tuesday 26 August 2008 at 8:30 pm. The show continued on Tuesdays in this timeslot for its entire run. The drama series features a mix of lighthearted comedy woven through the plot. It revolves around the Rafter family facing work pressures and life issues, while also tackling serious social issues. The Logie award winning series was the highest rating to screen on the Seven Network in 2008, and the show was consistently among the top 5 shows of the year throughout its run in Australia.
TV Week announced 2013 that the sixth series of Packed to the Rafters would be the last, with Hugh Sheridan stating, "It's emotional letting go of Rafters – for all of us. It was such an amazing chapter in Aussie TV. I'm really proud we all came back together to send it off." The two-hour finale of Rafters aired on 2 July 2013, and saw the return of Hugh Sheridan, Jessica Marais, Ryan Corr, Jessica McNamee and James Stewart. Rebecca Gibney said, "The cast, writers and producers have always said that we wanted to keep Rafters as one of the most-watched shows on TV. If we ever felt like we were losing too many cast members, we needed to end it on a high. We can say season six winds up an aspect of the Rafter family and there is a sense of finality to it."
A sequel series Back to the Rafters was released on Amazon Prime Video in 2021.
Overview
The first season (2008)
The first season premiered on 26 August 2008. The season finale aired 24 March 2009. Season one's storylines included:
Julie and Dave's 25th wedding anniversary
Rachel and Nathan & Sammy moving back home
Ben moving in with Carbo and getting a new flatmate, Mel
An amateur porn video of Rachel and Daniel released
Ben and Mel sleeping together and eventually dating
Rachel's pregnancy and subsequent abortion
Carbo and Chrissy's forbidden relationship
Ted moving on from late wife Louise
The discovery that Julie is pregnant
The second season (2009)
The second season premiered on 30 June 2009. The season finale aired 24 November 2009. Season two's storylines included:
Julie's pregnancy and the birth of baby Ruby
Ben's heart problems
Dave meeting his birth mother Chel
Rachel's romance with electrician (“sparky”) Jake Barton
Carbo's relationship with his mother's best friend's daughter, Artie
Chrissy's crush on Dave, the demise of her friendship with Julie, and her departure
Nathan's infidelity and gambling problems
Ben and Mel's engagement and marriage
Dave's vasectomy
Sammy leaving Nathan
The third season (2010)
The third season premiered on 29 June 2010. The season finale aired 16 November 2010. Season three's storylines included:
Dave meeting his biological father, Tom Jennings
Nathan and Sammy's separation and her subsequent departure
Rachel's jealousy of baby sister Ruby
Nathan donating a kidney to HIV-positive grandmother Chel
Rachel's new jo |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data%20efficiency | Data efficiency refers to efficiency of the many processes that can be applied to data such as storage, access, filtering, sharing, etc., and whether or not the processes lead to the desired outcome within resource constraints.
A management definition of data efficiency would be the measure of how data storage and usage across an enterprise or within a department or within a project - impacts the organization's costs and revenues.
On the broadest level:
DE = expected benefits from applying I.T. to a given task / cost of application of I.T.
On the technical side, in the development of computer hardware, software and systems, Data Efficiency can refer to many things such as packing bits on a physical medium1, or chip area usage on a silicon wafer2, or the use of data in programming so as to require less time and computation resources3.
Examples of these two categories of use for data efficiency (managerial and technical) can be found in process industries and computer chip research and development:
1.Traditional water/wastewater management procedures include travel to pump stations, reading and hand recording of meter numbers, transposition of log sheets, and other manual operations. This whole process can be said to have low data efficiency4.
2.In the design of today’s Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM) computer chips, R&D optimizes parameters such as row and column access times, chip area usage, burst length and row granularity. Input/output times are measured in very small fractions of a second. The latest versions of these chips are said to have high data efficiency2.
Both these examples above show the application of different information technologies that process data to reach a defined outcome. Sometimes processes are within time, space and resource constraints, and sometimes they are not.
References
Takashi Ishida, “High density phase-change type optical disk having a data efficiency of more than 80 percent” US Patent for Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. Ltd.. Issued October 12, 2004. http://www.patentgenius.com/patent/6804190.html
Frederick A. Ware and Craig Hampel. “Improving Power and Data Efficiency with Threaded Memory Modules” ICCD Proceedings 2006 Oct 4, 2006 Austin, TX. http://www.iccd-conference.org/proceedings/2006/paper_133.pdf
Bob Steigerwald, Rajshree Chabukswar, Karthik Krishnan, Jun De Vega: “Creating Energy-Efficient Software” Intel’s online journal: Software Community Published On: Thursday, September 13, 2007. https://web.archive.org/web/20080110211002/http://softwarecommunity.intel.com/articles/eng/1462.htm#dataefficiency.
Keith Frazier “Data Efficiency” whitepaper for water wastewater industry. http://birdnest.com/assets/files/Data%20Efficiency.pdf
Computer data |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated%20system%20recovery | Automated system recovery (ASR) is a feature of the Windows XP operating system that can be used to simplify recovery of a computer's system or boot volumes. ASR consists of two parts: an automated backup, and an automated restore. The backup portion can be accessed in the Backup utility under System Tools.
ASR does not back up user files or any other data, only data necessary for restoring the systems configuration state. Other backup systems can be put in place to ensure user's actual data files are also backed up. In the event of a failure, an ASR restore is performed first, which allows user files to then be recovered.
ASR is only available in Windows XP Professional and some editions based on it. It is not available in Windows XP Home Edition or Starter Edition.
References
External links
Recover with Windows Automated System Recovery
Backup software
Windows administration
Windows XP |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cynbe%20ru%20Taren | Jeffrey Prothero, (March 15, 1956 – November 16, 2016) also known as Cynbe ru Taren, was an American computer programmer. He was the author of Citadel, arguably the first virtual world system and one of the longest-running open source projects; the Digital Anatomist software, better known as the Visible Human Project; the original Pascal strek.pas Star Trek game program; the first Loglan parsers; and Mythryl, a production-grade port of SML/NJ.
Prothero used the screenname "Cynbe ru Taren" online. Cynbe ru Taren is the name of a fictional alien in Poul Anderson's 1964 science fiction novel The Star Fox. In the novel Cynbe ru Taren is an "Aleriona Intellect Master of the Garden of War, fleet admiral, and military strategist of the Grand Commission of Negotiators."
He died on November 16, 2016 due to colorectal cancer.
Early life and education
Prothero was born on March 15, 1956, in London, Ontario, to academic parents, John (Jack) and Joyce Prothero. He attended kindergarten in Ontario; first form in London, England; second form in Cambridge, England; third grade in Boston, Massachusetts; and fourth through twelfth in Seattle, Washington.
Prothero lived in Seattle, programming and designing virtual worlds, until 1997, when he moved to Austin, Texas, to live with his wife Allucquere Rosanne “Sandy” Stone, who is a professor at the University of Texas at Austin. Beginning in 1998, Prothero and Stone divided their time between Santa Cruz and Tahoe City, California, while maintaining a residence in Austin during school sessions.
The Digital Anatomist/Visible Human
Prothero enrolled at the University of Washington in 1974, spending most of his time at the Campus Computer Center. He learned his craft at the Visual Techniques Laboratory, using a PDP10 and a Mohawk Data 600LPM printer. Before long he was working as a full-time programmer for the department of Biological Structure, headed by John W. Sundsten and John Prothero. He wrote the Skandha visualization system, which assembled microscopic sections of biological material into three-dimensional images which could be manipulated minutely to reveal details of the interior of such objects as the human body.
The Biological Structure department named this effort the Digital Anatomist project. Its image database was supplied with raw digital material by Wolfgang Rauschning, a Swedish researcher in microtomy and microscopy who specialized in producing ultrathin tissue cross-sections. Rauschning's method was subtractive, ablating a layer of carefully frozen tissue only a few thousand molecules thick, coating the exposed surface with a glycerol mixture which Rauschning adapted to the specific tissue, photographing the surface at high resolution, and repeating until the tissue was completely sectioned. Rauschning sent each image via Internet to the Digital Anatomist database at the University of Washington in Seattle.
His method produced extremely high resolution digital images in vivid color w |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norgate%20Data | Norgate Data, based in Australia, was founded in 1992. Norgate provides end-of-day price data for stock markets in Australia, Canada and USA, worldwide futures price data, cash commodifty and foreign currency data. Such data can be charted through Technical Analysis charting packages such as MetaStock and AmiBroker, and accessed in programming languages such as Python.
Norgate's data services are utilised by retail-level non-professional traders and investors, Government entities such as the Brazil Government, large corporate entities such as Deutsche Börse, analysts and University researchers.
References
Corporate site
norgatedata.com
Software companies of Australia |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless%20DNC | Wireless DNC is a form of wireless data transfer, known as Direct Numerical Control, performed between a computer numerical control (CNC) machine and the computer controlling it. These are very widely used in the automobile, engineering, sheet metal and aeronautic industries. These machines are capable of producing different parts. For each type of part, a sequence of instructions is needed. This list of instructions is stored in a computer script, a computer file written in a programming language, such as G-code. This script is commonly referred to as a part program. When a part is to be produced this part program is uploaded to a CNC machine by RS-232 link.
Now this RS-232 link between a PC and CNC machine with software is called a DNC system. In a typical machine shop floor, it is difficult to maintain the data cable. Hence wireless data transfer has come into existence. There are mainly two types of wireless hardware units available in the market. One is using Bluetooth technology, while the other uses Wi-Fi technology.
In case of Bluetooth, generally one pair of Bluetooth devices is used. One gets plugged on a COM port of a PC or Laptop, and the other is connected to an RS-232 port of a CNC machine. The wireless link is established with the required driver software. Once this is established, the user can run their DNC software for data transfer. In most cases, the file is sent from a remote PC to a selected CNC machine.
In Wi-Fi technology, a wireless link is established between a device called wireless access point (generally near the PC) and a device called a wireless node, which is interfaced to the CNC machine. There is one access point and multiple nodes. Each wireless access point and wireless node has one IP address. This IP address must be of the same domain name as the PC. Thus a wireless Ethernet link is created. The wireless node has an RS-232 port, which is connected to an RS-232 port of the CNC machine. Driver software on the PC maps the RS-232 port of the wireless node as a virtual COM port of the PC. Once this is done, the DNC software takes care of the two-way data transfer.
Industrial automation
Wireless networking |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Do%20It%20%28TV%20series%29 | Do It is an Australian weekly half-hour lifestyle television program broadcast on the Nine Network. Premiering at on Sunday 5 November 2006, it is currently broadcast on Saturday afternoon at .
The program is hosted by Luke van Dyck, a third generation builder who has previously appeared on other lifestyle programs such Renovation Rescue and DIY Rescue.
The program covers a whole range of home improvement projects where each step is outlined so that viewers can carry out the task themselves around their own home. The program is supported by their website where detailed guides for each project are available.
See also
List of Australian television series
References
External links
Australian non-fiction television series
Nine Network original programming
2006 Australian television series debuts
2008 Australian television series endings |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asynchronous%20conferencing | Asynchronous conferencing is the formal term used in science, in particular in computer-mediated communication, collaboration and learning, to describe technologies where there is a delay in interaction between contributors. It is used in contrast to synchronous conferencing, which refers to various "chat" systems in which users communicate simultaneously in "real time".
Especially in computer-mediated communication, it is emerging as a tool that can create opportunities for collaboration and support the inquiry process. In this form of communication, face-to-face conversation is not required, and the conversation can last for a long time. It has mostly been useful for online discussions and idea sharing which can be used for learning purpose or for solving problems over geographically diverse work-field.
Tools
Asynchronous conferencing has been practiced for many years now in various forms. A variety of means for supporting this form of communication are as follows:
Bulletin board
E-mail
Online forums/polls
Blogs
Wiki pages
Listserv and newsgroup
Social networking sites
Shared calendars
Features
Asynchronous conferencing allows for the participants to have flexibility and control over the time they spend on any topic. It can allow anonymous participation, encouraging reluctant members/learners to share their viewpoint. Moreover, it allows all the participants to contribute and communicate simultaneously on different topics. However, due to this time constraint, there is a delay between the message exchange. This delay can lead to loss of interest and affects the contextual structure and coherence of the discussion. Sometimes there might be too many posts made in a small amount time, making it hard to figure out the outcome of discussion.
This form of communication provides more convenience. The user can participate from anywhere, as long as there is connection to the conference. This is an advantage for people who work from home, work in different geographical regions or travel on business. Also, the topic can be accessed at any time, and this gives the participant time to think and reply. However, there is a lack of physical and social presence in this form of communication. Especially, in asynchronous text-based conferencing, the lack of presence amounts in a huge difference in the progress and outcome of the discussion. It lacks emotions and is more prone to interpretation error.
One of the more controversial topics about asynchronous conferencing is that the discussion thread might get deleted. This can happen either due to technical failure or from avoidance and loss of interest from the participants. As most threads are managed according to their access time, those threads with older access time might be replaced by ones with new access time.
Types
Asynchronous conferencing is basically divided up into these following types:
Text/Image based conferencing
Voice based conferencing
Video based conferencing
Uses
This type of |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telestial | Telestial is a mobile virtual network operator headquartered in Boston with a large share of North America’s international cell phone market. Telestial offers travelers a local cell phone service at local rates with a local cell phone number as an alternative to an expensive phone rental and convenient but expensive international roaming. Telestial is a provider of international cell phones and SIM cards.
History
Telestial began operations in September 1999 and was founded by former telecommunications consultant Ken Grunski, after frustrations with calling during travels in Southeast Asia and the Indian subcontinent. By establishing dealerships with wireless carriers overseas, Telestial was able to offer travelers a local cell phone service at local rates. Telestial became incorporated in February 2000 and launched telestial.com in June 2000, offering two dual-band GSM 900/1800 handset and local prepaid sim cards from seven countries including Germany, France, UK, and South Africa. This is the first time that local SIM cards were available to consumers in the US and around the world, for purchase outside their respective host countries. Telestial is an alternative to an expensive phone rental and convenient but expensive international roaming.
In 2003, Telestial introduced the HopAbroad service for North American travelers. This was the first international prepaid roaming SIM that offered a single flat rate for coverage in 70 countries.
In March 2007, with local prepaid SIM cards and dealerships covering over 70 countries from New Zealand and Fiji to Tanzania, Sweden and Brazil, as well as the Explorer and Passport international roaming SIM cards, Telestial agreed to merge operations with ekit, retaining all brands and services. In 2010, JT Global, of the Channel Islands, acquired ekit becoming the new parent company of Telestial.
Services and products
Telestial sells GSM cell phones that work in countries in Europe and Asia, as well as phones that will work both in these countries and in the United States and Canada. Telestial also has operations in Australia, the UK and Europe. Telestial works with over 300 companies in the travel industry.
In May 2009, Telestial became the first company to offer a dual-number SIM, the Passport SIM, with U.S. and U.K. global cell phone service all in one.
References
External links
Practical Traveler: Avoiding a Large Phone Bill When Traveling, New York Times, 2010-07-27
Keep in touch, Macworld, 2007-07-06
Another phone menu: how to call home from abroad, Boston Globe, 2007-07-01
Phoning home? Plan ahead before heading overseas, Chicago Tribune, 2007-07-22
10 Ways to Keep Europe Within Reach, New York Times, 2007-08-05
Telestial
ekit
Mobile phone companies of the United States
Telecommunications companies established in 1999
Mobile virtual network operators
1999 establishments in Massachusetts |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Highway%20Patrol%202 | Highway Patrol 2 (shown on the title screen as Highway Patrol II) is a racing video game published by Microïds in 1991 for Atari ST, Amiga, and MS-DOS compatible operating systems. The player is a police officer trying to capture criminals before they reach the border of the state. The game begins with choosing a target, each one with different rewards: the tougher the criminal, the higher the reward will be. The game is played in a first-person view, with a map and a compass to help in locating the criminal. To arrest him, players may choose to use the soft way (siren), or the hard way (shotgun).
Screenshots
Reviews
The Games Machine (Jun, 1990)
CU Amiga (Apr, 1990)
Amiga Joker (Mar, 1990)
Amiga Format (May, 1990)
Amiga Power (May, 1991)
Amiga Power (Jun, 1992)
References
External links
Highway Patrol 2 at Atari Mania
Microids
1991 video games
Amiga games
Atari ST games
DOS games
Microïds games
Racing video games
Video games about police officers
Video games developed in France |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motions%20in%20the%20time-frequency%20distribution | Several techniques can be used to move signals in the time-frequency distribution. Similar to computer graphic techniques, signals can be subjected to horizontal shifting, vertical shifting, dilation (scaling), shearing, and rotation. These techniques can help to save the bandwidth with proper motions apply on the signals. Moreover, filters with proper motion transformation can save the hardware cost without additional filters.
The following examples assume time in the horizontal axis versus frequency in the vertical axis. As a coincident, the following transformations happen to have the motion properties in the time-frequency distribution.
Shifting
Shifting on time axis is like horizontal shifting in time-frequency distribution. On another hand, shifting on the frequency axis would be vertical shifting in time-frequency distribution.
Horizontal shifting
If t0 is greater than 0, we would be shifting the signal to the right on time axis. (negative would be left)
STFT, Gabor:
WDF:
Vertical shifting
If f0 is greater than 0, we would be shifting the signal to the upward on frequency axis. (negative would be downward)
STFT, Gabor:
WDF:
This results in an amplitude modulation signal.
This sort of shift is also used in a frequency extender.
This sort of shift is also used in most bat detectors.
Such an effect is typically implemented using heterodyning
Dilation
Dilation is like doing scaling on one of the axis and area is the same after the process. When a > 1, it's expanding on time axis, and narrowing on frequency axis ;vice versa when a < 1.
STFT, Gabor:
WDF:
When this kind of dilation is applied to audio, it causes a chipmunk effect.
Time stretching
Time stretching is doing scaling only on the time axis, leaving frequencies the same.
When (the most common case), it's narrowing on the time axis, reducing the area.
STFT, Gabor:
WDF:
Shearing
Shearing by definition is moving the side of the signal on one direction. Vertical and Horizontal shearing is introduced here.
On Vertical axis only (frequency)
It's shearing on frequency axis, since this only changes the phase.
STFT, Gabor:
WDF:
On Horizontal axis only (time)
It's shearing on time axis, since this only changes the time.
STFT, Gabor:
WDF:
Rotation
Many transforms has the property of rotations, like Gabor-Wigner, Ambiguity function (counterclockwise), modified Wigner, Cohen's class distribution.
STFT, Gabor, and WDF is introduced in here.
Clockwise rotation by 90 degrees
By switching the time and negative frequency to frequency and time would act like rotating 90 degrees clockwise.
STFT:
Gabor:
WDF:
Counterclockwise rotation by 90 degrees
By switching the negative time and frequency to frequency and time would act like rotating 90 degrees counterclockwise.
If , then
Rotation by 180 degrees
Changing the sign of both time and frequency would be like flipping twice on both axis, and it ends up like doing 180 degrees rotation.
If , then
Example
If we want the |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VistA%20Web | VistAWeb is a portal accessible through CPRS (Computerized Patient Recordkeeping System), the graphical user interface for
the Veterans Health Information Systems and Technology Architecture (VistA), the electronic health record used throughout the United States Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) medical system (known as the Veterans Health Administration (VHA)).
VistAWeb is a product of the VA Medical Center at Ann Arbor, MI.
This portal has been implemented throughout the VA system, allowing healthcare providers at any VA facility to view records from all the sites the patient has been seen at.
As originally created, the VA health systems has 21 regional data systems (VISN) each with a number of medical centers totaling around 125 centers. Every center has the same hierarchical database (VistA) though each, serving different patients, has different data. The usage of VistA throughout the VA has helped to standardize records, but there has until recently not been an easy way for accessing records from other medical centers.
Not all medical centers provide all the same services and patients are routinely referred from smaller centers to larger ones for special procedures. Further, patients often travel to other locations in the country and then visit VA facilities far from their home. VistAWeb affords any healthcare provider access to the records at all these centers, be they remote or local.
Introduction
VistAWeb is an intranet web application used to review remote patient information found in VistA, the Federal Health Information Exchange (FHIE) system, i.e., the Department of Defense, and Indian Health Services. To a large extent, VistAWeb mirrors the reports behavior of the Computerized Patient Record System (CPRS) and Remote Data View (RDV). However, by permitting a more robust and timely retrieval of remote-site patient data, VistAWeb is also an enhancement to CPRS/RDV.
There are three ways to access VistAWeb. It can be made available by adding it to the CPRS Tools Menu, and it can be selected as the default method of retrieving data from the Remote Data Available button in CPRS. These two methods are referred to as CPRS-spawned versions of VistAWeb. They are compliant with the Health Level 7 (HL7) Clinical Context Object Workgroup (CCOW) standards and therefore maintain context with the patient selected in CPRS. As a third option, VistAWeb can be accessed in a standalone mode from its website at https://vistaweb.med.va.gov/.
The standalone version of VistAWeb is connected to neither CPRS nor the clinical context management application. Standalone VistAWeb serves an important function for users who have been granted special access to multiple sites, such as for National Programs, Veterans Administration (VA) researchers, and others.
Usage for record access following natural disaster
VistAWeb was also made available broadly, though temporarily, to assist clinical staff with the retrieval of patient information from the sites affe |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tru2way | Tru2way is a brand name for interactive digital cable services delivered over the cable network. Services include interactive program guides, interactive ads, games, chat, web browsing, and T-Commerce. The brand also appears as <tru2way> and is used to market cable services, applications, and devices that support the tru2way cable architecture. Tru2way is the successor name for technology known as OpenCable. Major cable operators committed to deploy the tru2way platform in service areas covering more than 90 million U.S. homes by the end of 2008.
In 2010, the FCC issued a notice of inquiry for a successor system to both tru2way and CableCARD, called AllVid, and has stated "We are not convinced that the tru2way solution will assure the development of a commercial retail market as directed by Congress."
Design
The service requires a digital television (DTV) that supports Tru2way and a CableCard port (for the decryption codes) but not a set-top box. Tru2way compatibility combines the interactive features of the STB into the television.
CableLabs, the industry’s research and development arm, licenses the brand to cable companies and cable programmers that deliver tru2way applications and services, as well as consumer electronics (CE) manufacturers that build devices that support such applications and services. Use of the mark requires CableLabs certification testing for conformance to the tru2way specifications (also known as the OpenCable Host 2.1 Specifications).
Tru2way includes a middleware technology built into televisions, set-top boxes, digital video recorders and other devices. Because the middleware is based on Java technology, it enables cable companies and other interactive application developers to write applications once and run them on any device that supports the tru2way architecture.
History
Development
In 2003, the US Federal Communications Commission (FCC) adopted unidirectional (from the cable system to the customer device) CableCARD standards based on a MOU between the National Cable & Telecommunications Association (NCTA) and the Consumer Electronics Association (CEA). The FCC assumed that the NCTA and CES would negotiate another agreement to achieve bidirectional compatibilities, such as interactive programming guides, video-on-demand and pay-per-view, since retail CableCARD-ready devices are unable to access such systems. After the FCC realized they weren't leading to an agreement, they issued the Two-Way FNPRM in June 2007 seeking comment on competing proposals. In the wake of the Two-Way FNPRM, the six largest cable operators and consumer electronics manufacturers negotiated a CableCARD-based agreement (tru2way) in 2008. In the FCC's 2010 AllVid notice of inquiry, the FCC stated "We are not convinced that the tru2way solution will assure the development of a commercial retail market as directed by Congress."
Deployment
Panasonic and Comcast announced a Tru2way trial to begin 27 October 2008 in Chicago, Denver, North |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OPRA | OPRA can refer to:
Options Price Reporting Authority an American financial markets data authority
Occupational Pensions Regulatory Authority, a former UK government body
Open Public Records Act |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integration%20of%20traffic%20data%20with%20navigation%20systems | Integration of traffic data with navigation systems enables navigation systems to use traffic and other related data to optimise routing and travel times by taking into account traffic conditions and other disruptions to traffic flows. The integration may occur in a number of ways. For example, integrated automobile navigation systems use an on-board navigation system and cellular telephone. The navigation system would use the global positioning system (GPS) to position the automobile with respect to streets in a map database, to determine a route to the destination and to update the location as the automobile moves. A cellular telephone in the automobile may then communicate with a traffic information server to obtain travel times for each street segment of the route, which would then be used to refine the planned route, or to offer to the driver as an alternative. The cellular telephone can also be used to provide dynamic travel time information to the traffic information server, with each automobile in the system periodically transferring travel times for each segment that is traversed. The traffic information server would then analyse travel times to update travel time data for each street segment, which is then available to other users when they next connect to the traffic server. Other integration models exist.
According to Consumer Reports, the data may be transmitted through Bluetooth, FM, or XM.
In 2006, Clear Channel made a deal with BMW to supply traffic data for the carmaker's navigation units.
According to GPS Review, the suppliers of traffic data to the navigation units get their own data from "road sensors, local departments of transportation, data collected from operators of large fleets of vehicles, and other manual sources such as traffic helicopters and listening to police scanners."
Patents have been taken out for services that will collect movement data from GPS devices on the road to determine the current travel time between various points.
See also
Waze
References
Road traffic management
Automotive navigation systems |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Railway%20Company%20of%20Cuba | Ferrocarriles de Cuba (FCC) or Ferrocarriles Nacionales de Cuba (English: National Railway Company of Cuba), provides passenger and freight services for Cuba.
Route network
Ferrocarriles de Cuba uses that extends from Guane (province Pinar del Río) in the westernmost part of the island up to the bay of Guantánamo in the eastern part. The Central railway runs from Havana to Santiago de Cuba in the eastern region. Most of the system is diesel-powered with electrified. The flagship Train Number 1 travels between Havana and Baracoa. Other long-distance passenger services link Havana to Pinar del Río (western railway), Cienfuegos (South branch), Sancti Spíritus, Bayamo-Manzanillo and Guantánamo. The network connects the six first-level ports in Cuba: Havana, Mariel, Matanzas, Cienfuegos, Nuevitas and Santiago de Cuba, as well as all provincial capital cities.
The Hershey Electric Railway is an electrified railway from Havana to Matanzas that was built by the Hershey Company in order to transport workers and products after it had bought sugar plantations in 1916. It is a commuter service running in northern Havana and Matanzas provinces using some original equipment.
History
Colonial Cuba
In 1836 Gaspar Betancourt Cisneros established a horse-drawn railway service called Ferrocarril de Camagüey a Nuevitas in Camagüey (Puerto Príncipe).
Cuba's railway history began on October 12, 1834, when the Queen Regent of Spain, Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies, approved the building of the first line. When the Compañía de Caminos de Hierro de la Habana opened the line from Havana to Bejucal on November 19, 1837, the first steam railway line in Latin America. At that date Spain itself did not possess any railway lines.
The line from Havana was extended by to reach Güines on November 19, 1839. By December 1843 the cities San Felipe and Batabanó were added to the rail network. Further extensions were opened in 1847, adding another , followed by the next year and then in 1849.
Havana had its first streetcar (Ferrocarril Urbano de la Habana) when its service commenced on February 3, 1859.
Pre-Revolutionary Cuba
American-born Canadian railway builder Sir William Cornelius Van Horne helped expand Cuba's railway network in the early 20th century. He was an investor in the Cuba Railroad Company (founded 1900).
In 1924 Ferrocarriles Consolidados de Cuba was created from a dispute between Ferrocarriles Consolidados de Cuba and Ferrocarriles de Cuba.
Other railway companies formed and merged in the 1920s:
Ferrocarriles del Norte de Cuba 1916
Ferrocarril Espirituano Tunas de Zaza
Ferrocarril Guantánamo y Occidente
From 1940 to 1959, Cuba's railway system was modernized by the acquisition of train stock from Budd and Fiat. These trains provided medium-speed self-propelled (diesel) four-car service on the main line between Havana and Santiago de Cuba. Also after World War II, a large network of diesel intercity buses was created with four or five major car |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual%20security%20appliance | A virtual security appliance is a computer appliance that runs inside virtual environments. It is called an appliance because it is pre-packaged with a hardened operating system and a security application and runs on a virtualized hardware. The hardware is virtualized using hypervisor technology delivered by companies such as VMware, Citrix and Microsoft. The security application may vary depending on the particular network security vendor. Some vendors such as Reflex Systems have chosen to deliver Intrusion Prevention technology as a Virtualized Appliance, or as a multifunctional server vulnerability shield delivered by Blue Lane. The type of security technology is irrelevant when it comes to the definition of a Virtual Security Appliance and is more relevant when it comes to the performance levels achieved when deploying various types of security as a virtual security appliance. Other issues include visibility into the hypervisor and the virtual network that runs inside.
Security appliance history
Traditionally, security appliances have been viewed as high performance products that may have had custom ASIC chips in it that allow for higher performance levels due to its dedicated hardware approach. Many vendors have started to call pre-built operating systems with dedicated applications on dedicated server hardware from the likes of IBM, Dell and offshore brands “appliances”. The appliance terminology although heavily used now has strayed from its original roots. An administrator would expect to see any underpinning Linux OS employ a monolithic kernel since the hardware platform is presumably static and vendor-controlled. However, the following examples are configured to use loadable kernel modules, reflecting the dynamic nature of the underlying hardware platforms used by product managers. "Appliances" have varying degrees of administrative openness. Enterasys Dragon version 7 IPS sensors (GE250 and GE500) are lightly hardened version of a Slackware Linux distribution, complete with administrative vulnerabilities, and shipping with anonymous root access the preferred method of administration of the underlying OS. Motorola AirDefense management consoles are shipped as an "appliance" without supported root access. Administrative setup tasks are performed via a textual menus running as an unprivileged user. Websense DSS sensor devices use CentOS 5.2 underneath and also allow root access at setup time. McAfee's older e-Policy Orchestator distributions use a RedHat 7 -based distribution, but modifications to typical OS configuration files are reset on reboot. Most of these devices primary configuration are via web interfaces. The implication that patches are not required for appliances is less accurate than the implication that vendors will be less apt to provide swift modular patches without complete reimaging of the devices. Companies such as NetScreen Technologies and TippingPoint defined security appliances by having dedicated hardware |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ag%C3%A1mi%20Systems | Agámi Systems, Inc. was a network storage company headquartered in Sunnyvale, California. Agámi Information Servers (AIS) were marketed to both network attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) markets.
History
The company was founded in April 2003 by Kumar Sreekanti in San Jose, California.
Its first round of venture capital of about $5.5 million included investors Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers (with board member Vinod Khosla), Alta California Partners, New Enterprise Associates, Apex Ventures and Advanced Equities Venture Partners.
It was originally called StorAD for its first year, and included intellectual property acquired from failed company Zambeel, which was in a similar market and had been founded in 1999.
A second round of financing raised over $25 million in September 2004.
Hercules Technology Growth Capital provided $11 million in debt financing in August 2006.
David Stiles joined in 2005 and became chief executive in May 2007, just after chief financial officer Dean Seniff was replaced on April 30.
In March 2007 support for the iSCSI block access protocol was announced.
The company, then located in Sunnyvale, California, filed for raising more capital through 2007, including new investor Duff, Ackerman, and Goodrich.
A third round of $45 million in funding from existing investors was announced in February 2008 during the start of the Great Recession.
The company shut down operations on July 28, 2008. The employees were told of the shutdown at an 11:00 AM meeting, and was made effective two hours later, at 1:00 PM. The 80-100 employees of Agami in Sunnyvale and Hyderabad, India were said to be blindsided. Business Insider reports that, "Some employees have tried to send e-mails to an address that the company provided them to request pay, but one employee told the Mercury News that they 'haven't received one response, not one.' "
This led to speculation that the funding announced in February had not actually closed.
By September 2008 Stiles had purchased Agámi assets and used their office space for a new company named Scalable Storage Systems.
In October 2008, Ocarina Networks hired Agami Systems India operations and engineering team in Hyderabad.
AIS6000
The AIS6000 series was said to perform at 1 GB/sec and supported 36 terabytes of raw data.
AIS6136 specifications:
Chassis Form Factor: 5 EIAU high - 19-inch IEC rack-compliant
Maximum disk drives: 48 × SATA drives
Disk drive densities: 750GB
Disk Controllers: 2 × 24-port SATA
Raw Capacity: 36TB
Processor: 4 × AMD Opteron CPU
ECC Memory: 12GB
NVRAM: 2GB
Network Connectivity: 12 × 1Gigabit/s Ethernet
References
2003 establishments in California
2008 disestablishments in California
American companies established in 2003
American companies disestablished in 2008
Computer companies established in 2003
Computer companies disestablished in 2008
Companies based in Sunnyvale, California
Defunct computer hardware companies
Defunct computer companies |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio%20orchestra | A radio orchestra (or broadcast orchestra) is an orchestra employed by a radio network (and sometimes television networks) in order to provide programming as well as sometimes perform incidental or theme music for various shows on the network. In the heyday of radio such orchestras were numerous, performing classical, popular, light music and jazz. However, in recent decades, broadcast orchestras have become increasingly rare. Those that still exist perform mainly classical and contemporary orchestral music, though broadcast light music orchestras, jazz orchestras and big bands are still employed by some radio stations in Europe.
Famous broadcast orchestras include the NBC Symphony Orchestra (1937–1954) conducted by Arturo Toscanini, the five orchestras maintained by the BBC, particularly the BBC Symphony Orchestra founded in 1930, the MDR Symphony Orchestra founded in 1923, the Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra founded in 1949, the Tokyo-based NHK Symphony Orchestra, the Danish National Symphony Orchestra founded in 1925, the Vienna Radio Symphony Orchestra founded in 1969 and the Tchaikovsky Symphony Orchestra of Moscow Radio (formerly the USSR State Radio and Television Symphony Orchestra among other names) founded in 1930.
Germany has an especially large number of radio orchestras. Twelve radio orchestras perform and produce classical as well as contemporary music and jazz for the North German Broadcasting (NDR) with two orchestras in Hamburg and Hanover as well as the NDR Big Band also in Frankfurt. West German Broadcasting (WDR) has two orchestras in Cologne and a Big Band, Southwest German Broadcasting (SWR) with two orchestras and the SWR Big Band in Stuttgart and Baden-Baden/Freiburg, Bavarian Broadcasting (Bayerischer Rundfunk) with two orchestras in Munich, Central German Broadcasting (MDR) with one orchestra in Leipzig, Saarland Broadcasting (SR) with one (2006 merged) orchestra in Saarbrücken/Kaiserslautern, Hessian Broadcasting (HR) with one orchestra in Frankfurt and the Berlin Radio Symphony Orchestra, Berlin.
The British Broadcasting Corporation operates five full-time permanent orchestras, as well as a full-time chamber choir, the BBC Singers and the BBC Big Band.
Denmark also maintains orchestra in the form of the Danish National Symphony Orchestra, the Danish Radio Big Band, Chamber Orchestra and Radio Choir.
In Norway NRK runs the Norwegian Radio Orchestra (Norwegian, Kringkastingsorkestret, abbreviated as KORK). The orchestra specializes in classical music as well as popular music. This makes it quite unique in that the musicians are trained
both classically and rhythmically to a high degree. The Bergen Philharmonic Orchestra and Stavanger Symphony Orchestra also have agreements with NRK too make a number of broadcast recordings a year.
In the Netherlands, the Muziekcentrum van de Omroep (Broadcasting Music Centre), an umbrella organization of the Netherlands Public Broadcasting associations, supports the Radio Filha |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20railway%20stations%20in%20Wales | This is a list of railway stations in Wales, one of the four countries of the United Kingdom. It includes all railway stations in Wales that form part of the British National Rail network that currently have timetabled train services. It does not include stations on heritage railways, except for those shared with the National Rail network.
The main operator is Transport for Wales who run almost all services in Wales. However Great Western Railway operates the South Wales-London service, CrossCountry operates long-distance services to Central and North East England from Cardiff Central and Newport, and Avanti West Coast run from North Wales-West Midlands-London.
The main rail routes in Wales include:
London–South Wales
Cardiff–Newport–Wrexham–Holyhead/Manchester
Valley Lines urban network
London–Holyhead/Bangor/Wrexham
The table includes, where known, the year that each station was opened. Detailed records are not always available, and some stations, particularly in the South Wales Valleys area, were operated as halts for workmen, and public services only appeared later. Additionally, some station names have appeared with several variations, often changing from English to Welsh or vice versa.
The station usage 2007/08 shows that 40,118,437 rail journeys begun and/or finished in Wales that year compared with 36,466,308 the previous year, a rise of 10%.
Stations
The following table lists the name of each station in English and Welsh, along with the year it first opened, and the unitary authority area in which it is situated. The table also shows the train operators who currently serve each station and the final two columns give information on the number of passengers using each station in recent years, as collated by the Office of Rail Regulation, a Government body. The figures are based on ticket sales and are given to the nearest 100.
Gallery
See also
List of railway stations in Cardiff
List of Valley Lines stations
Transport in Wales
Footnotes
Aber opened in 1908 as Beddau Halt. It was renamed in 1926 as Aber Junction Halt, then in 1968 renamed as Aber Halt. It gained its current name in 1969, after a station in Gwynedd named Aber had been closed in 1960.
Abercynon opened in 1840 as Navigation House. It was renamed in 1846 as Aberdare Junction, then in 1896 was renamed as Abercynon. It was renamed Abercynon South in 1988, upon the opening of Abercynon North. It reverted to Abercynon in 2008 upon the closure of Abercynon North.
Abererch was renamed in 1956 as Abererch Halt. The name was changed back in 1968. The station closed in 1994, although it has since reopened.
Abergavenny was renamed in 1950 as Abergavenny Monmouth Road. The name was changed back in 1968.
Aberystwyth is also served by the Vale of Rheidol Railway, a narrow-gauge heritage railway.
Ammanford opened in 1841 as Duffryn. It was renamed in 1889 as Tirydail, and gained its current name in 1960.
Barry Island is also served by the Barry Island Railway, a standard |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BCMP%20network | In queueing theory, a discipline within the mathematical theory of probability, a BCMP network is a class of queueing network for which a product-form equilibrium distribution exists. It is named after the authors of the paper where the network was first described: Baskett, Chandy, Muntz, and Palacios. The theorem is a significant extension to a Jackson network allowing virtually arbitrary customer routing and service time distributions, subject to particular service disciplines.
The paper is well known, and the theorem was described in 1990 as "one of the seminal achievements in queueing theory in the last 20 years" by J. Michael Harrison and Ruth J. Williams.
Definition of a BCMP network
A network of m interconnected queues is known as a BCMP network if each of the queues is of one of the following four types:
FCFS discipline where all customers have the same negative exponential service time distribution. The service rate can be state dependent, so write for the service rate when the queue length is j.
Processor sharing queues
Infinite-server queues
LCFS with pre-emptive resume (work is not lost)
In the final three cases, service time distributions must have rational Laplace transforms. This means the Laplace transform must be of the form
Also, the following conditions must be met.
external arrivals to node i (if any) form a Poisson process,
a customer completing service at queue i will either move to some new queue j with (fixed) probability or leave the system with probability , which is non-zero for some subset of the queues.
Theorem
For a BCMP network of m queues which is open, closed or mixed in which each queue is of type 1, 2, 3 or 4, the equilibrium state probabilities are given by
where C is a normalizing constant chosen to make the equilibrium state probabilities sum to 1 and represents the equilibrium distribution for queue i.
Proof
The original proof of the theorem was given by checking the independent balance equations were satisfied.
Peter G. Harrison offered an alternative proof by considering reversed processes.
References
Queueing theory |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BCMP | BCMP may stand for
A BCMP network of queues, studied by Baskett, Chandy, Muntz, Palacios
The British Columbia Marijuana Party |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asymptotic%20computational%20complexity | In computational complexity theory, asymptotic computational complexity is the usage of asymptotic analysis for the estimation of computational complexity of algorithms and computational problems, commonly associated with the usage of the big O notation.
Scope
With respect to computational resources, asymptotic time complexity and asymptotic space complexity are commonly estimated. Other asymptotically estimated behavior include circuit complexity and various measures of parallel computation, such as the number of (parallel) processors.
Since the ground-breaking 1965 paper by Juris Hartmanis and Richard E. Stearns and the 1979 book by Michael Garey and David S. Johnson on NP-completeness, the term "computational complexity" (of algorithms) has become commonly referred to as asymptotic computational complexity.
Further, unless specified otherwise, the term "computational complexity" usually refers to the upper bound for the asymptotic computational complexity of an algorithm or a problem, which is usually written in terms of the big O notation, e.g.. Other types of (asymptotic) computational complexity estimates are lower bounds ("Big Omega" notation; e.g., Ω(n)) and asymptotically tight estimates, when the asymptotic upper and lower bounds coincide (written using the "big Theta"; e.g., Θ(n log n)).
A further tacit assumption is that the worst case analysis of computational complexity is in question unless stated otherwise. An alternative approach is probabilistic analysis of algorithms.
Types of algorithms considered
In most practical cases deterministic algorithms or randomized algorithms are discussed, although theoretical computer science also considers nondeterministic algorithms and other advanced models of computation.
See also
Asymptotically optimal algorithm
References
Computational complexity theory |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active%20vision | An area of computer vision is active vision, sometimes also called active computer vision. An active vision system is one that can manipulate the viewpoint of the camera(s) in order to investigate the environment and get better information from it.
Background
The interest in active camera system started as early as two decades ago. Beginning in the late 1980s, Aloimonos et al. introduced the first general framework for active vision in order to improve the perceptual quality of tracking results. Active vision is particularly important to cope with problems like occlusions, limited field of view and limited resolution of the camera. Other advantages can be reducing the motion blur of a moving object and enhancing depth perception of an object by focusing two cameras on the same object or moving the cameras.
Active control of the camera view point also helps in focusing computational resources on the relevant element of the scene. In this selective aspect, active vision can be seen as strictly related to (overt & covert) visual attention in biological organisms, which has been shown to enhance the perception of selected part of the visual field. This selective aspect of human (active) vision can be easily related to the foveal structure of the human eye, where in about 5% of the retina more than the 50% of the colour receptors are located.
It has also been suggested that visual attention and the selective aspect of active camera control can help in other tasks like learning more robust models of objects and environments with less labeled samples or autonomously
.
Approaches
The autonomous camera approach
Autonomous cameras are cameras that can direct themselves in their environment. There has been some recent work using this approach. In work from Denzler et al., the motion of a tracked object is modeled using a Kalman filter while the focal length that minimizes the uncertainty in the state estimations is the one that is used. A stereo set-up with two zoom cameras was used. A handful of papers have been written for zoom control and do not deal with total object-camera position estimation. An attempt to join estimation and control in the same framework can be found in the work of Bagdanov et al., where a Pan-Tilt-Zoom camera is used to track faces. Both the estimation and control models used are ad hoc, and the estimation approach is based on image features rather than 3D properties of the target being tracked.
The master/slave approach
In a master/slave configuration, a supervising static camera is used to monitor a wide field of view and to track every moving target of interest. The position of each of these targets over time is then provided to a foveal camera, which tries to observe the targets at a higher resolution. Both the static and the active cameras are calibrated to a common reference, so that data coming from one of them can be easily projected onto the other, in order to coordinate the control of the active sensors. Ano |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumb%20pipe | With regard to a mobile network operator (MNO, or operator), the term dumb pipe, or dumb network, refers to a simple network that, with a high enough bandwidth to transfer bytes between the customer's device and the Internet without the need to prioritize content, can afford to be completely neutral with regard to the services and applications the customer accesses. The use of the term "dumb" refers to the fact that the network operator does not affect the customer's accessibility of the Internet such as by either limiting the available services or applications to its own proprietary portal (like a walled garden) or offer additional capabilities and services beyond simple connectivity (like a smart pipe, the term with which it contrasts). A dumb pipe primarily provides simple bandwidth and network speeds greater than the maximum network loads expected thus avoiding the need to discriminate between data types.
Among the commonly understood operational models for a MNO are the dumb pipe, the smart pipe, and the walled garden.
Description
A dumb network is marked by using intelligent devices (i.e. PCs) at the periphery that make use of a network that does not interfere with or manage an application's operation / communication. The dumb network concept is the natural outcome of the end to end principle. The Internet was originally designed to operate as a dumb network.
In some circles the dumb network is regarded as a natural culmination of technological progress in network technology. With the justification that the dumb network uniquely satisfies the requirements of the end to end principle for application creation, supporters see the dumb network as uniquely qualified for this purpose, as – by design – it is not sensitive to the needs of applications. The dumb network model can, in some ways, allow for flexibility and ease of innovation in the development of applications that is not matched by other models.
Examples
One widely regarded example of the operator "dumb pipe" scenario is Apple's iPhone. The iPhone enables its users to directly surf the Internet with its mobile Safari browser and connects to Apple's iTunes Store for purchasing ringtones and music instead of the operator's own portal. Operators such as AT&T Mobility cannot offer their traditional services (such as downloads of wallpapers, ringtones, games, applications, etc.) as Apple controls the total iPhone user experience. Operators must be content to provide only the network connectivity and bandwidth which the iPhone has tripled in some cities. In addition to losing valuable revenue opportunities with the customer, operators are rumored to pay Apple a percentage of the customer's monthly bill as well. While the iPhone is a good example of the dumb pipe, not everyone believes it will ultimately be bad for operators.
Another example of the operator dumb pipe / smart pipe dilemma is the upcoming deployment of WiMAX technology. Companies such as Sprint Nextel and Clearwire are l |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paramount%20Television%20International%20Studios | Paramount Television International Studios (formerly The Independent Studios, Estudios TeleMéxico and TeleColombia) is a Colombian company dedicated to the production of television and programming on the channels of Inravisión, born in 1996 under the name of Bernardo Romero Pereiro Productions, in honor of its founder, renowned librettist of Colombian dramatizations and soap operas.
In 2007, News Corporation's Fox International Channels bought a 51% share in the company, thus subsequently giving ownership to The Walt Disney Company Latin America after The Walt Disney Company acquired 21st Century Fox on March 20, 2019. With sister station with Disney Channel.
In 2009 Fox produced Mental, the first American TV series produced in Latin America for international markets. The series was filmed at the Fox Telecolombia complex in Bogotá.
As of January 18, 2021, The Walt Disney Company changed the company's name to TeleColombia as part of Disney phasing out the "Fox" brand to avoid confusion with Fox Corporation.
On October 28, 2021, ViacomCBS (now Paramount Global) announced that it is acquiring a majority stake in TeleColombia S.A. from Disney, with the acquisition closed on November 23 of that year,making it a sister station to Nickelodeon.
On October 22, 2022, Paramount Global changed the company's name to TIS along with Estudios TeleMexico being absorbed with the rebrand.
References
External links
Television production companies of Colombia
Former News Corporation subsidiaries
Former subsidiaries of The Walt Disney Company
Paramount Global subsidiaries
Paramount International Networks
2021 mergers and acquisitions |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart%20pipe | Smart pipe, related to a mobile network operator (MNO or operator), refers to an operator’s network which leverages existing or unique service abilities, and the operator’s customer relationships, to provide value beyond that of data connectivity only. The use of the term “smart” refers to the operator’s ability to add value for added, and often unique, types of services and content beyond bandwidth and network speed only.
Among the commonly understood operational models for a MNO are smart pipes, walled gardens, and dumb pipes.
Examples
While there is no real industry standard definition of a smart pipe, there are several operators, bloggers, and researchers who have described aspects of a smart pipe which are generally accepted.
Network operator 3 led the way with the release of its X-Series line of devices in 2006. The X-Series platform bundles a set of services, several of which are unique to 3, and provides unlimited data access in exchange for a fixed monthly premium. While not necessarily a full realization of a smart pipe, 3 is one of the first operators to offer such a combination of bandwidth and value-added services for flat-rate pricing.
In addition to pricing, there is a set of services commonly viewed as parts of a smart pipe, such as:
Location-based services
Presence information
Customer analytics
Computing platforms, mobile or application
Mobile operating systems
User interfaces
Personalization
Application programming interfaces (APIs), for devices or networks
Payment, Billing
Directory assistance, directory services
Quality of service
By exposing these types of services to the mobile ecosystem, network operators can maintain the value of their pipes while enabling entrepreneurs to create new business models and generate entirely new revenue streams.
The need for operators to innovate around a smart pipe is rising as they face rising pressure from media companies and new technologies, such as Apple’s iPhone, Nokia’s consumer portal Ovi, and even the open-access policies of the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) introduced around its upcoming 700 MHz spectrum auction.
Recently, Arun Sarin, CEO of Vodafone, was criticized for some statements he made about how Vodafone will always have a unique relationship with its subscribers through its billing relationship. Although Sarin’s point has been true traditionally, as the article points out there are several new threats to that exclusivity such as traditional credit card, Obopay, PayPal Mobile, and existing media companies like Google via the Android platform, Yahoo via Go, and Apple via iPhone.
See also
Mobile phone
Mobile network operator
Walled garden (technology)
Dumb pipe
References
Mobile technology |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WKUL | WKUL (92.1 FM, "Country K-92") is a radio station licensed to serve Cullman, Alabama. The station is owned by Jonathan Christian Corp.
Programming
WKUL airs a full-service country music format plus some talk radio programming, most notably Rush Limbaugh. Programming includes Crook and Chase Country Countdown, Tracy Lawrence "Honky Tonkin", The Trading Post, Taste of Country Nights, Big D and Bubba in The Morning, Tiger Talk, New Music Nashville, Nashville Music Minuet, Tight Lines with Sammy Lee, Gaither Homecoming Radio and Around The Campfire with Ed and Terry (Nominated for 2016 Radio Program of the Year by the WMA). News programming Includes Fox News, ARN News and local news. Sports programming includes Auburn University Sports and Atlanta Braves Baseball. The station also airs local high school football games each autumn. High school and Wallace State Community College basketball is broadcast in the winter months. Throughout the year, WKUL-FM broadcasts at a wide variety of live remotes as well. Since the 1980s, WKUL has become famous for its live coverage of severe weather.
History
Originally known as WKLN, this station signed on in September 1967 at 92.1 MHz with 3,000 watts of effective radiated power under the ownership of Kenneth E. Lawrence. In the late 1970s, WKLN was sold to the Jonathan Christian Corporation, run by Jeffrey Liebensberger and Robert Haa. The station shifted to callsign WKLN-FM on January 21, 1982.
In April 1980, Robert Conrad Haa agreed to sell control of station licensee Jonathan Christian Corporation to Donald Houston Mosley. The deal was approved by the Federal Communications Commission on July 7, 1980.
The station was assigned the current WKUL call letters by the FCC on February 1, 1988. The WKUL callsign originally entered the Cullman market when 1340 AM (now WFMH) went on the air on October 1, 1946.
In November 2006, Don Mosley made a deal to sell his controlling interest in Jonathan Christian Corporation, the licensee for this station, to Ron Mosley. The deal was approved by the FCC on December 28, 2006, and the transaction was consummated on March 1, 2007. At the conclusion of this deal, Ron Mosley owned 100% of the shares in Jonathan Christian Corp.
In the spring of 2017, the station added an HD signal and launched a gospel music format via translator W250BM (now W252EK) in Cullman, as "Praise 97.9". (Taken from Alabama Broadcast Media Page)
On-air personalities
Ron Mosley Jr.
Ron Mosley Sr.
Tim Dobson,
Big D & Bubba
Evan Paul
Johnny "Flash" Thornton
Rich Jesse (sports)
Pete Kirby (sports)
Ken Burcham (sports)
Past personalities
Grant Smith (deceased)
George Spear
Gus Slaten
Dave Cooper (who later moved to Hollywood and became an actor, appearing in numerous movies and network TV shows, including over two years on The West Wing, a hit NBC series in which he played a White House aide under the pseudonym "David Cubero")
Matthew Miller
Andy Mosley
Mark Albritton
Jill Harelson
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La%20Cinq | was France's first privately owned free-to-air television network. Created by politician Jérôme Seydoux and Italian media mogul Silvio Berlusconi, the network broadcast from 1985 to 1992.
The contract for France's fifth terrestrial network, which was supposed to have been in effect for an 18-year term, was granted to Seydoux and Berlusconi in November 1985. Programming began on 20 February 1986 at 8:30 pm; the first program on La Cinq was Voilà la Cinq, which was taped at Canale 5's studios in Milan, Italy.
History
Pre-launch (1985–1986)
In 1985, a little over a year before the legislative elections, the Socialist Party feared failure and wanted to create a new space, outside of the institutional domain of public television, capable of reaching a large audience (contrary to the private subscription channel Canal+) and constitute a relay of opinion to its ideas if it was to return to the opposition.
On November 20, 1985, the government granted an 18-year concession to France Cinq, allowing them to operate the fifth national television network. This decision was criticized by the Minister of Culture and some of the President's advisers, who wanted to see cultural programming, and by the High Authority of Audiovisual Communication, which did not approve of the conditions but had no power to change them. At a press conference on November 22 1985, Jérome Seydoux and Silvio Berlusconi presented the focus and style of the programs that would be broadcast on the fifth television channel. In response to critics who accused them of wanting to create "Coca-Cola" TV, Berlusconi, who developed La Cinq's programming from his catalogues, replied that the channel would be "neither Coca-Cola TV, nor spaghetti TV, but rather Beaujolais TV, a Saturday champagne. He also promised to feature well-liked TV or film stars.
Determined to block this project, 60 senators had the Constitutional Council declare "The Eiffel Tower Amendment" (fr: amendement Tour Eiffel) unconstitutional on 13 December, 1985. This forced the government to draft a new bill, which was accepted by Parliament on December 21. On December 31, 1985, the France 5 company was incorporated in anonymous form with its registered office in Paris. On January 16,1986 the RTL Group (at the time the Compagnie Luxembourgeoise de Télédiffusion (CLT)) unsuccessfully attempted to have the Council of State cancel the concession agreement; instead the government gave the RTL Group the right to use one of the two remaining free channels of the future TDF 1 satellite. On 20 January 1986 Silvio Berlusconi presented the programs of his future commercial channel, officially known as La Cinq, to journalists, industrialists and advertisers in order to convince them to buy advertising airtime to finance the channel. The next day, the police were forced to intervene in order to allow TDF technicians to come install La Cinq's transmitters at the top of the Eiffel Tower, after the City of Paris refused to do so for securit |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mendelsohn%20Affluent%20Survey | The Mendelsohn Affluent Survey was founded in 1977 as a research study of high-income individuals in the United States, collecting quantitative data on their lives, lifestyles, media habits and purchase patterns. The study was founded and conducted by Monroe Mendelsohn Research (often called MMR) until that company's purchase by Ipsos in 2008, a global market research firm, which re-branded the study as the Ipsos Affluent Survey USA. As of 2016, the Ipsos Affluent Survey USA was being used by more than 250 organizations to support business decisions such as advertising sales, media planning, consumer insights, market sizing, and target profiling.
The study has traditionally defined “Affluent” as roughly the top 20% of adult population in terms of household income, and has raised its income threshold over the years accordingly. In 2008, the study began using $100,000 as the operational definition of “Affluent,” and plans to raise the threshold to $125,000 in the fall of 2017. The study is fielded continuously throughout the year, and data from it are released twice a year (Spring and Fall).
In 2011, Ipsos acquired Synovate, and in the process acquired similar studies EMS (covering Europe, the Middle East, Africa and Latin America) and PAX (covering the Asia-Pacific region). These have since been re-branded as part of the Ipsos Affluent Survey, which now covers 51 countries.
External links
Ipsos Affluent Survey USA
Market research |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China%20Biosphere%20Reserve%20Network | China Biosphere Reserve Network (CBRN) is a network established by the Chinese National Committee for UNESCO Man and the Biosphere Programme in 1993. Membership in the CBRN serves as a prerequisite for joining the World Network of Biosphere Reserves (WNBR). At present there are 191 members in the CBRN, including 34 UNESCO Biosphere Reserves.
Note: "China Biosphere Reserve" is a nominal designation granted to the member reserves.
Beijing (2)
Songshan National Nature Reserve
Baihuashan National Nature Reserve
Tianjin (2)
Paleocoast and Wetland National Nature Reserve
Jixian Middle-Upper Proterozoic Stratigraphic Section National Nature Reserve
Hebei (4)
Changli Huangjin Hai'an National Nature Reserve
Wulingshan National Nature Reserve
Hengshuihu National Nature Reserve
Liujiang Pendi Geosites National Nature Reserve
Shanxi (3)
Pangquangou National Nature Reserve
Lishan National Nature Reserve
Wutaishan Meadow Provincial Nature Reserve
Inner Mongolia (23)
Xilingol Steppe National Nature Reserve (WNBR)
Saihan Ul National Nature Reserve (WNBR)
Hulunhu National Nature Reserve (WNBR, as "Dalai Lake")
Bayan Obo National Nature Reserve
Heilihe National Nature Reserve
Daheishan National Nature Reserve
Horqin National Nature Reserve
Xi Ordos National Nature Reserve
Nei Mongol Helanshan National Nature Reserve
Nei Mongol Darbin Hu National Forest Park
Nei Mongol Huanggangliang National Forest Park
Dal Nur National Nature Reserve
Gogastai Han Ul National Nature Reserve
Temeji National Nature Reserve
Huihe National Nature Reserve
Honggolj Mongolian Scots Pine Forest National Nature Reserve
Da Hinggan Ling Hanma National Nature Reserve (WNBR)
Alxa Bactrian Camel National Conservation Area
Inner Mongolia Cashmere Goat (Alxa Type) National Conservation Area
Gurgastai National Nature Reserve
Ergun National Nature Reserve
Bilahe National Nature Reserve
Daqingshan National Nature Reserve
Liaoning (5)
Shedao, Laotieshan National Nature Reserve (WNBR)
Baishilazi National Nature Reserve
Yiwulüshan National Nature Reserve
Liaohekou National Nature Reserve
Chengshantou Coastal Landforms National Nature Reserve
Jilin (5)
Changbaishan National Nature Reserve (WNBR)
Yitong Volcano Group National Nature Reserve
Longwan National Nature Reserve
Xianghai National Nature Reserve
Wangqing National Nature Reserve
Heilongjiang (10)
Fenglin National Nature Reserve (WNBR)
Wudalianchi National Nature Reserve (WNBR)
Zhalong National Nature Reserve
Xingkaihu National Nature Reserve (WNBR)
Liangshui National Nature Reserve
Huzhong National Nature Reserve
Wuyiling National Nature Reserve
Cuibei Wetland National Nature Reserve
Honghe National Nature Reserve
Zhenbaodao Wetland National Nature Reserve
Shanghai (2)
Chongming Dongtan Birds National Nature Reserve
Jiuduansha Wetland National Nature Reserve
Jiangsu (3)
Yancheng Littoral Mudflats and Valuable Fowls National Nature Reserve (WNBR)
Dafeng Père David's D |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information%20Security%20Group | Founded in 1990, the Information Security Group (ISG) is an academic department focusing on Information and Cyber Security within the Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics School (EPMS) at Royal Holloway, University of London. It has around 25 established academic posts, 7 visiting Professors or Fellows and over 90 research students. The Founder Director of the ISG was Professor Fred Piper, and the current director is Professor Chris Mitchell. Previous directors include Professors Peter Komisarczuk, Keith Martin, Keith Mayes and Peter Wild.
In 1998 the ISG was awarded a Queen's Anniversary Prize in recognition of its work in the field of information security. It has also been awarded the status of Academic Centre of Excellence in Cyber Security Research (ACE-CSR) and hosts a Centre for Doctoral Training in cyber security.
In 1992, the ISG introduced an MSc in information security, being the first university in the world to offer a postgraduate course in the subject. In 2014 this course received full certification from GCHQ. In 2017 it won the award for the Best Cyber Security Education Programme at SC Awards Europe 2017 and in 2021 it was awarded gold status by the National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC).
Research topics addressed by the ISG include: the design and evaluation of cryptographic algorithms, protocols and key management; provable security; smart cards; RFID; electronic commerce; security management; mobile telecommunications security; authentication and identity management; cyber-physical systems; embedded security; Internet of Things (IoT); and human related aspects of cyber security. The current director of Research is Professor Stephen Wolthusen.
The ISG includes the Smart Card and IoT Security Centre (previously named Smart Card Centre, SCC) that was founded in October 2002 by Royal Holloway, Vodafone and Giesecke & Devrient, for training and research in the field of Smart cards, applications and related technologies: its research topics include RFID, Near Field Communication (NFC), mobile devices, IoT, and general embedded/implementation system security. In 2008, the SCC was commissioned to perform a counter expertise review of the OV-chipkaart by the Dutch Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management. The SCC has received support from a number of industrial partners, such as Orange Labs (UK), the UK Cards Association, Transport for London and ITSO. The current director of the Smart Card and IoT Security Centre is Dr. Konstantinos Markantonakis.
The ISG also includes a Systems Security Research Lab (S2Lab), which was created in 2014, to investigate how to protect systems from software related threats, such as malware and botnets. The research in the lab covers many different Computer Science-related topics, such as operating systems, computer architecture, program analysis, and machine learning. The current Lab Leader is Dr. Lorenzo Cavallaro.
Current and former associated academics include Whitfield |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone%20numbers%20in%20Belgium | A telephone number in Belgium is a sequence of nine or ten digits dialed on a telephone to make a call on the Belgian telephone network. Belgium is under a full number dialing plan, meaning that the full national number must be dialed for all calls, while it retains the trunk code, '0', for all national dialling.
Exception: Some "special services" use 3 or 4 digits with no area or trunk codes: e.g.; 112 and 100 (fire brigade and ambulance); 101 (police); 1307 (info in French) or 1207 (info in Dutch), etc.
"112" is an emergency number for contacting the fire brigade, ambulance and police in all 27 countries of the European Union. Operators will help the caller in the country's native language, in English, or the language of any neighbouring country.
Calls to this number for contacting the police are forwarded to "101", losing response time.
The telephone numbering plan allows for numbers have varying lengths (9 digits for landline numbers, and 10 digits for mobile numbers).
Overview and structure
Area codes in Belgium are, excluding the leading '0', one or two digits long. Numbers are of variable length; landlines have a seven-digit subscriber number and a one-digit area code for large cities, while smaller cities have a six-digit subscriber number and a two-digit area code. All Belgian telephone numbers dialed within Belgium must use the leading '0' trunk code. Area codes are separated from the subscriber number by a slash and a space, and subscriber number digits are in the format xxx xx xx or xx xx xx (sometimes xxx xxx), depending on the length of the area code. See the table below for examples:
Belgium
0x xxx xx xx - dialing a big city, such as Brussels, Antwerp, Liège and Ghent.
0xx xx xx xx - dialing a small city, such as Kortrijk, Mons, Ostend, Aalst or Verviers
04xx xx xx xx - dialing a mobile number from a landline or another mobile phone.
Remark that Liège shares the trunk number 04 for landlines with the mobile numbers prefix 046, 047, 048, or 049. But landlines in Liège do not start with those sequences.
From outside Belgium, a caller would dial their international call prefix (typically 00 in Europe and 011 in North America), followed by 32 (the country code for Belgium), then the area code minus the trunk code '0', and finally the local number.
Dialing from New York to Brussels
011-32-2-555-12-12 - Omitting the leading "0".
Dialing from New York to Charleroi
011-32-71-123-456 - The subscriber number shortens with the addition of a number to the area code.
Dialing from New York to a mobile number
011-32-4xx-12-34-56 - The dialer omits the leading "0".
Mobile/GSM area codes always begin with 04xx and the subscriber number is six digits long. Numbers are usually provided by Orange (formerly Mobistar), Base, or Proximus, and more recently by Telenet as well. Each provider has a unique number assigned as the second digit in the area code: Proximus numbers begin with 047x or 0460, Base numbers with 048x, Orange |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/How%20the%20Ghosts%20Stole%20Christmas | "How the Ghosts Stole Christmas" is the sixth episode of the sixth season of the science fiction television series The X-Files. It premiered on the Fox network on December 13, 1998. It was written and directed by series creator Chris Carter, and featured guest appearances by Edward Asner and Lily Tomlin. The episode is a "Monster-of-the-Week" story, unconnected to the series' wider mythology. "How the Ghosts Stole Christmas" earned a Nielsen household rating of 10.6, being watched by 17.3 million people in its initial broadcast. The episode received mostly positive reviews from critics, although some reviews criticized the episode for over-simplifying the characters.
The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. Mulder is a believer in the paranormal, while the skeptical Scully has been assigned to debunk his work. In this Christmas-themed episode, Mulder and Scully stake out a reputed haunted house. The duo soon discover a pair of lovelorn spectres living inside the house who are determined to prove how lonely the holidays can be.
Carter based the episode around an idea he and fellow writer Frank Spotnitz had been working on, set in a haunted house. Featuring the smallest cast of an X-Files episode—with only four actors—and a single set, "How the Ghosts Stole Christmas" was the cheapest sixth season episode. The drastic reduction in the budget, however, put more strain on the main actors.
Plot
Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) reluctantly responds to Fox Mulder's (David Duchovny) call on Christmas Eve to investigate a haunted house in Maryland. He explains that during Christmas of 1917, a young couple living in the house agreed to a lovers' pact, one killing the other and the remaining one committing suicide. He explains that they could not stand the thought of being alone after the other died and during the afterlife; they wanted to spend all eternity together. Now, Mulder claims, they haunt the house every Christmas Eve.
Scully, who doesn't want to abandon her Christmas plans, follows Mulder into the house to retrieve her car keys from him, and the door to the mansion slams shut. Inside the house, the agents experience strange phenomena: creaks are heard in the ceiling from the upper floor, and the shadow in the form of an old woman in a nightgown is seen, among other occurrences. Mulder and Scully reluctantly decide to investigate the floor above them. There, they find a massive library storing two corpses that have the same clothes and hairstyles as the agents, along with two gunshot wounds. They decide to go search other rooms, only to find that every door they walk through is the same library room they first entered. They then decide to split up, hoping to find a way out of the room.
While separated, they meet the inhabitants of the mansion—Maurice (Ed Asner) and Lyda (Lily Tomlin). The ghosts soon turn the agents against e |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probabilistic%20analysis%20of%20algorithms | In analysis of algorithms, probabilistic analysis of algorithms is an approach to estimate the computational complexity of an algorithm or a computational problem. It starts from an assumption about a probabilistic distribution of the set of all possible inputs. This assumption is then used to design an efficient algorithm or to derive the complexity of a known algorithm.
This approach is not the same as that of probabilistic algorithms, but the two may be combined.
For non-probabilistic, more specifically deterministic, algorithms, the most common types of complexity estimates are the average-case complexity and the almost-always complexity. To obtain the average-case complexity, given an input distribution, the expected time of an algorithm is evaluated, whereas for the almost-always complexity estimate, it is evaluated that the algorithm admits a given complexity estimate that almost surely holds.
In probabilistic analysis of probabilistic (randomized) algorithms, the distributions or average of all possible choices in randomized steps is also taken into account, in addition to the input distributions.
See also
Amortized analysis
Average-case complexity
Best, worst and average case
Random self-reducibility
Principle of deferred decision
Randomized algorithms
Analysis of algorithms |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Average-case%20complexity | In computational complexity theory, the average-case complexity of an algorithm is the amount of some computational resource (typically time) used by the algorithm, averaged over all possible inputs. It is frequently contrasted with worst-case complexity which considers the maximal complexity of the algorithm over all possible inputs.
There are three primary motivations for studying average-case complexity. First, although some problems may be intractable in the worst-case, the inputs which elicit this behavior may rarely occur in practice, so the average-case complexity may be a more accurate measure of an algorithm's performance. Second, average-case complexity analysis provides tools and techniques to generate hard instances of problems which can be utilized in areas such as cryptography and derandomization. Third, average-case complexity allows discriminating the most efficient algorithm in practice among algorithms of equivalent best case complexity (for instance Quicksort).
Average-case analysis requires a notion of an "average" input to an algorithm, which leads to the problem of devising a probability distribution over inputs. Alternatively, a randomized algorithm can be used. The analysis of such algorithms leads to the related notion of an expected complexity.
History and background
The average-case performance of algorithms has been studied since modern notions of computational efficiency were developed in the 1950s. Much of this initial work focused on problems for which worst-case polynomial time algorithms were already known. In 1973, Donald Knuth published Volume 3 of the Art of Computer Programming which extensively surveys average-case performance of algorithms for problems solvable in worst-case polynomial time, such as sorting and median-finding.
An efficient algorithm for -complete problems is generally characterized as one which runs in polynomial time for all inputs; this is equivalent to requiring efficient worst-case complexity. However, an algorithm which is inefficient on a "small" number of inputs may still be efficient for "most" inputs that occur in practice. Thus, it is desirable to study the properties of these algorithms where the average-case complexity may differ from the worst-case complexity and find methods to relate the two.
The fundamental notions of average-case complexity were developed by Leonid Levin in 1986 when he published a one-page paper defining average-case complexity and completeness while giving an example of a complete problem for , the average-case analogue of .
Definitions
Efficient average-case complexity
The first task is to precisely define what is meant by an algorithm which is efficient "on average". An initial attempt might define an efficient average-case algorithm as one which runs in expected polynomial time over all possible inputs. Such a definition has various shortcomings; in particular, it is not robust to changes in the computational model. For example, suppose algori |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terms%20of%20Endearment%20%28The%20X-Files%29 | "Terms of Endearment" is the seventh episode of the sixth season of the American science fiction television series The X-Files, and originally aired on the Fox network on January 3, 1999. Written by David Amann and directed by Rob Bowman, "Terms of Endearment" is a "Monster-of-the-Week" story, unconnected to the series' wider mythology. It earned a Nielsen rating of 10.5 and was watched by 18.7 million people on its initial broadcast. The performance given by guest actor Bruce Campbell attracted positive comments, but the plot was criticized.
The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) who work on cases linked to the paranormal called X-Files. Mulder is a believer in the paranormal, while the skeptical Scully has been assigned to debunk his work. In the installment, an unborn child is apparently abducted from its mother's womb by a demon after the prospective parents discover that their child has birth defects. After Agent Spender dismisses the assignment as irrelevant to the X-Files, Mulder and Scully steal the case and investigate the creature. While looking into the report, the duo discover that Wayne Weinsider (Campbell) is a child-abducting demon.
"Terms of Endearment", an inversion of the 1968 film Rosemary's Baby, was the first episode written by The X-Files executive story editor David Amann, a staff member who later became a regular contributor to the series. Campbell, already well known as a cult film actor in several Sam Raimi horror movies, was cast as Wayne Weinsider. Many of the episode's special effects were created without elaborate computer-generated effects. Critics have complimented the episode's unique representation of its antagonist, who has been classified as a sympathetic villain.
Plot
In Hollins, Virginia, Wayne Weinsider (Bruce Campbell) and his pregnant wife Laura (Lisa Jane Persky) learn via an ultrasound scan that their unborn child has bizarre physical abnormalities, such as horn-like protrusions. Wayne appears to be especially distraught after hearing the news. That night, Laura has a terrifying dream in which a demon-like figure snatches the baby from her womb. When she wakes up, the couple discover that Laura has seemingly miscarried.
Laura's brother, local deputy sheriff Arky Stevens, reports her story to the X-Files section at the FBI. Agent Jeffrey Spender (Chris Owens) discards the report, but Mulder (David Duchovny) fishes the shredded report out of Spender's trash can and travels to Virginia. After Mulder interviews the Weinsiders, the police, who suspect an illegal abortion according to Scully (Gillian Anderson), search the property. Meanwhile, Wayne confesses to Laura that he destroyed evidence, claiming she aborted the child while in a trance-like state. He convinces Laura that his story is true, and when the police find remains of the baby in the garden furnace, Laura turns herself in. When Wayne visits Laura in jail, she becomes suspicious of |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WDER | WDER (1320 AM) and WDER-FM (92.1 FM) are radio stations broadcasting a Christian radio format. They are the flagship stations of the "Life Changing Radio" network. WDER AM is licensed to Derry, New Hampshire, and WDER-FM is licensed to Peterborough, New Hampshire. The stations are owned by Blount Communications, Inc. of NH and feature programming from Salem Radio Network.
In 2012, Blount Communications purchased 92.1 FM, then WFEX, from Phoenix Media/Communications Group, and changed the call letters to WDER-FM, providing WDER AM with a sister station on the FM band to extend its outreach. Prior to the purchase, WFEX had served as a simulcast of WFNX (now WBWL) in Boston.
References
External links
DER
Derry, New Hampshire
Moody Radio affiliate stations
Radio stations established in 1983 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WLLO-LP | WLLO-LP (102.9 FM, "Leo 103") is a high school radio station broadcasting a High school radio format. Programming includes rock, country, big band, and children's programming. Licensed to Londonderry, New Hampshire, United States, the station serves the Manchester area. Broadcasts can also be heard on cable FM channel 28 of the local cable TV system. The station is currently owned by Londonderry School District, School Administrative Unit 12 as an Educational-access television channel.
See also
High school radio
References
External links
LLO-LP
LLO-LP
High school radio stations in the United States
Rockingham County, New Hampshire
Radio stations established in 2004 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Rain%20King | "The Rain King" is the eighth episode of the sixth season of the American science fiction television series The X-Files. It premiered on the Fox network on January 10, 1999. "The Rain King" was written by Jeffrey Bell and directed by Kim Manners. The episode is a "Monster-of-the-Week" story, unconnected to the series' wider mythology. "The Rain King" earned a Nielsen household rating of 12.5, being watched by 21.2 million people in its initial broadcast. Critical reception to the episode was mostly mixed, with results ranging from negative to positive.
The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. Mulder is a believer in the paranormal, while the skeptical Scully has been assigned to debunk his work. In the episode, Mulder and Scully are asked to investigate the strange weather phenomena occurring in a small town. They find a man, Daryl Mootz, who claims to produce the rain.
"The Rain King" was written by Jeffrey Bell, his first script for the show. The episode was originally purchased as a freelance script, but Bell was later hired on as a full-time writer. Grapevine, Piru, and Culver City, California stood in for the fictional town of Kroner, Kansas during filming. The episode required several elaborate special effect sequences to create heart-shaped hail as well as to simulate a flying cow.
Plot
On Valentine's Day in Kroner, Kansas, Sheila Fontaine and Daryl Mootz get into an argument. Fontaine had put their engagement news in the paper, but Mootz had wanted to keep it a secret for as long as the drought makes business poor. After the argument, Mootz goes for a drunken drive but crashes after heart-shaped hailstones wreck his car.
Six months later, Mulder and Scully arrive in Kroner by request of the mayor. For several months a terrible drought has plagued the region. However, Mootz, now styling himself as "The Rain King", seems to have the power to control the weather. For a hefty sum, he is able to make it rain. Mulder and Scully obtain a client list and head to the local television station to talk to the weatherman, Holman Hardt. Hardt admits that while Mootz's talents are odd, he appears to truly have the power to control the weather. Mulder and Scully, both skeptical, attend one of Mootz's rituals. Despite their preconceived notions, Mulder and Scully witness Mootz apparently bring rain to a dry farm.
Mulder and Scully check into a motel, where a cow crashes through the roof of Mulder's room. After the incident, a tearful Sheila confesses that the cow might have been her fault. She admits that she's experienced a strange history of weather-related phenomena, and believes that she can unconsciously control the weather. Mulder assures her otherwise. During the conversation, Hardt overhears that Mootz was drunk the night of the accident, and is relieved. Immediately, Mootz's rain powers seem to disappear.
It is revealed t |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM%20System/3X | IBM System/3X was a line of general business midrange computers that were developed and marketed by IBM beginning in 1975. The IBM AS/400, a successor system that was introduced in 1988, was based on a combination of the System/36 and System/38 computers. The IBM i operating system running on top of IBM Power Systems maintains backwards compatibility with some of the System/3x series operating systems.
Series
IBM System/32, released 1975
IBM System/34, released 1978
IBM System/36, released 1983
IBM System/38, released 1979
See also
IBM midrange computer
IBM System/3
IBM System (disambiguation)
References
System 03X |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordon%20P.%20Robertson | Gordon Perry Robertson (born June 4, 1958) is the President of the Christian Broadcasting Network, President of Operation Blessing International, and Chancellor of Regent University. He is the main host of The 700 Club, the show founded by his father, Pat Robertson.
Early life
Robertson was born in New York City to Pat and Adelia (née Elmer) Robertson. His father had graduated from Yale Law School and would soon earn his Master of Divinity at The Biblical Seminary in New York. His mother, Dede, had a Master of Nursing degree from Yale School of Nursing. When Robertson was two years old, his father and mother started Christian Broadcasting Network in Portsmouth, Virginia.
Raised in Virginia, Robertson attended The McCallie School, a college-preparatory school in Chattanooga, Tennessee and graduated cum laude in 1976. He graduated from Yale in 1980, with a bachelor's degree in history. Following Yale, Robertson enrolled in Washington and Lee University School of Law, became a Burks Scholar in his third year, and received his juris doctor degree, cum laude, in 1984.
Early career
Robertson practiced law at Vandeventer, Black in Norfolk, Virginia, becoming a partner in 1989. In 1994 on a short-term mission trip to India with Rev. John Giminez, Robertson had a profound religious experience that changed the course of his life. He left the practice of law and moved his family to the Philippines to start the Asian Center for Missions.
In Manila in 1994, Robertson partnered with Dr. Miguel Alvarez of Asian School of Christian Ministries to begin a school to train and send Filipino missionaries throughout the world. From an initial class of 12 missionaries in November 1994, ACM became the largest missionary organization in the Philippines.
Christian Broadcasting Network
In July 1994, Pat Robertson appointed him “Ambassador at Large” for CBN with the goal of reproducing CBN in Asia. On October 1, 1994, Gordon founded CBN Asia, Inc. in Manila, Philippines. In 1996, CBN Asia started a television show, The 700 Club Asia, in the Tagalog language featuring testimonies from the Philippines and stories from around Asia. CBN Asia became the model for starting CBN Indonesia, CBN India, CBN Thailand, CBN Hong Kong and CBN China in Beijing.
The 700 Club
Gordon returned to the United States in April 1999 to co-host the original 700 Club and, more recently, The 700 Club Interactive program which is seen on Freeform and online. Robertson was made full-time host of The 700 Club on October 1, 2021, when Pat announced on the show that he was stepping down. This was on the date of the 60th anniversary of CBN’s first broadcast (Oct 1, 1961). During his time at The 700 Club, Robertson has interviewed a variety of cultural figures, including Benjamin Netanyahu, Jimmy Carter, Senator George J. Mitchell (D), Senator Chris Coons (D), Senator Sam Brownback (R), Israel’s UN Ambassador Danny Danon, and Ron DeSantis (R).
Superbook and CBN Films
Gordon is the Executive Producer f |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zigzag%20code | In coding theory, a zigzag code is a type of linear error-correcting code introduced by . They are defined by partitioning the input data into segments of fixed size, and adding sequence of check bits to the data, where each check bit is the exclusive or of the bits in a single segment and of the previous check bit in the sequence.
The code rate is high: where is the number of bits per segment. Its worst-case ability to correct transmission errors is very limited: in the worst case it can only detect a single bit error and cannot correct any errors. However, it works better in the soft-decision model of decoding: its regular structure allows the task of finding a maximum-likelihood decoding or a posteriori probability decoding to be performed in constant time per input bit.
References
Coding theory
Error detection and correction |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BenMAP | The Environmental Benefits Mapping and Analysis Program (BenMAP) is an open source, Windows-based computer program created by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency that estimates the health benefits from improvements in air quality. State, local and international users have used BenMAP to estimate the health benefits of improved air quality. BenMAP includes information users need to start performing a benefits analysis; advanced users can customize the program to meet their needs. Because BenMAP is based on a GIS, the results can be mapped for ease of presentation.
BenMAP can be used for:
Generation of population/community level ambient pollution exposure maps;
Comparison of benefits across multiple regulatory programs;
Estimation of health impacts associated with exposure to existing air pollution concentrations;
Estimation of health benefits of alternative ambient air quality standards;
Performance of sensitivity analyses of health or valuation functions, or of other inputs; and
Hypothetical, or “what-if,” type analyses.
A United Nations case study concluded that it had "proven to be a remarkable tool in helping decision-makers understand the health and economic implications of possible air pollution control policies."
In December 2013, the proprietary BenMAP 4 was rewritten as an open-source program and issued as BenMAP-Community Edition.
Information
BenMAP is intended as a tool for estimating the health impacts, and associated economic values, associated with changes in ambient air pollution. It accomplishes this by running health impact functions, which relate a change in the concentration of a pollutant with a change in the incidence of a health endpoint.
Inputs to health impact functions typically include:
the change in ambient air pollution level,
health effect estimate,
the baseline incidence rate of the health endpoint, and
the exposed population.
Air Pollution Change. The air quality change is calculated as the difference between the starting air pollution level, also called the baseline, and the air pollution level after some change, such as that caused by a regulation. In the case of particulate matter, this is typically estimated in micrograms per meter cubed (μg/m3).
Mortality Effect Estimate. The mortality effect estimate is an estimate of the percentage change in mortality due to a one unit change in ambient air pollution. Epidemiological studies provide a source for effect estimates.
Mortality Incidence. The mortality incidence rate is an estimate of the average number of people that die in a given population over a given period of time. For example, the mortality incidence rate might be the probability that a person will die in a given year. Mortality incidence rates and other health data are typically collected each country’s government. The World Health Organization is a good source for data.
Exposed Population. The exposed population is the number of people affected by the air pollution reduction. The government |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian%20Institute%20of%20Health%20and%20Welfare | The Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) is Australia's national agency for information and statistics on Australia's health and welfare. Statistics and data developed by the AIHW are used extensively to inform discussion and policy decisions on health, community services and housing assistance. Under Australia's constitution, health and welfare services are primarily delivered by the states and territories, who are also mainly responsible for the collection of statistics on these services. A fundamental aim of the institute is to promote consistency among national, state and territory statistics, in order to produce comprehensive national data of the highest standard.
The AIHW is an Australian Government statutory agency established under the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare Act 1987. The Act contains very strong confidentiality protections for all data held, and requires the AIHW to publish two key biennial reports in alternate years: Australia's health and Australia's welfare. Numerous other reports are produced each year, all of which are available free of charge on the AIHW website.
In 2016, the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare and the National Hospital Performance Authority merged.
References
Medical and health organisations based in Australia |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venkatesan%20Guruswami | Venkatesan Guruswami (born 1976) is a senior scientist at the Simons Institute for the Theory of Computing and Professor of EECS and Mathematics at the University of California, Berkeley. He did his high schooling at Padma Seshadri Bala Bhavan in Chennai, India. He completed his undergraduate in Computer Science from IIT Madras and his doctorate from Massachusetts Institute of Technology under the supervision of Madhu Sudan in 2001. After receiving his PhD, he spent a year at UC Berkeley as a Miller Fellow, and then was a member of the faculty at the University of Washington from 2002 to 2009. His primary area of research is computer science, and in particular on error-correcting codes. During 2007–2008, he visited the Institute for Advanced Study as a Member of School of Mathematics. He also visited SCS at Carnegie Mellon University during 2008–09 as a visiting faculty. From July 2009 through December 2020 he was a faculty member in the Computer Science Department in the School of Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon University.
Recognition
Guruswami was awarded the 2002 ACM Doctoral Dissertation Award for his dissertation List Decoding of Error-Correcting Codes, which introduced an algorithm that allowed for the correction of errors beyond half the minimum distance of the code. It applies to Reed–Solomon codes and more generally to algebraic geometry codes. This algorithm produces a list of codewords (it is a list-decoding algorithm) and is based on interpolation and factorization of polynomials over and its extensions.
He was an invited speaker in International Congress of Mathematicians 2010, Hyderabad on the topic of "Mathematical Aspects of Computer Science."
Guraswami was one of two winners of the 2012 Presburger Award, given by the European Association for Theoretical Computer Science for outstanding contributions by a young theoretical computer scientist.
He was elected as an ACM Fellow in 2017, as an IEEE Fellow in 2019, and to the 2023 class of Fellows of the American Mathematical Society, "for contributions to the theory of computing and error-correcting codes, and for service to the profession".
Selected publications
See also
Guruswami–Sudan list decoding algorithm
References
External links
Venkatesan Guruswami's Homepage
1976 births
Living people
Scientists from Chennai
Indian computer scientists
Theoretical computer scientists
IIT Madras alumni
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
Carnegie Mellon University faculty
University of California, Berkeley faculty
Padma Seshadri Bala Bhavan schools alumni
Fellows of the Association for Computing Machinery
Fellows of the American Mathematical Society |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Institute%20of%20Statistics%20of%20Bolivia | The Instituto Nacional de Estadística de Bolivia or National Institute of Statistics of Bolivia is a branch of the Government of Bolivia which specifically collects factual data in the country of Bolivia in South America. The Institute compiles statistics ranging from the area of its provinces and municipalities to population structure, and demographics and education. It also provides information on transport services and industry and salary details and electricity rates.
References
Government of Bolivia |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process%20management%20%28computing%29 | A process is a program in execution, and an integral part of any modern-day operating system (OS). The OS must allocate resources to processes, enable processes to share and exchange information, protect the resources of each process from other processes and enable synchronization among processes. To meet these requirements, the OS must maintain a data structure for each process, which describes the state and resource ownership of that process, and which enables the OS to exert control over each process.
Multiprogramming
In any modern operating system there can be more than one instance of a program loaded in memory at the same time. For example, more than one user could be executing the same program, each user having separate copies of the program loaded into memory. With some programs, it is possible to have one copy loaded into memory, while several users have shared access to it so that they each can execute the same program-code. Such a program is said to be re-entrant. The processor at any instant can only be executing one instruction from one program but several processes can be sustained over a period of time by assigning each process to the processor at intervals while the remainder become temporarily inactive. A number of processes being executed over a period of time instead of at the same time is called concurrent execution.
A multiprogramming or multitasking OS is a system executing many processes concurrently. Multiprogramming requires that the processor be allocated to each process for a period of time and de-allocated at an appropriate moment. If the processor is de-allocated during the execution of a process, it must be done in such a way that it can be restarted later as easily as possible.
There are two possible ways for an OS to regain control of the processor during a program's execution in order for the OS to perform de-allocation or allocation:
The process issues a system call (sometimes called a software interrupt); for example, an I/O request occurs requesting to access a file on hard disk.
A hardware interrupt occurs; for example, a key was pressed on the keyboard, or a timer runs out (used in pre-emptive multitasking).
The stopping of one process and starting (or restarting) of another process is called a context switch or context change. In many modern operating systems, processes can consist of many sub-processes. This introduces the concept of a thread. A thread may be viewed as a sub-process; that is, a separate, independent sequence of execution within the code of one process. Threads are becoming increasingly important in the design of distributed and client–server systems and in software run on multi-processor systems.
How multiprogramming increases efficiency
A common trait observed among processes associated with most computer programs, is that they alternate between CPU cycles and I/O cycles. For the portion of the time required for CPU cycles, the process is being executed; i.e. is occupying the CPU |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NK.pl | NK.pl, formerly Nasza-klasa.pl (English: Our-class.pl), was a Polish school-based social networking service used by alumni and students. NK.pl was owned and administered by Ringier Axel Springer Polska.
History
NK.pl was launched on 11 November 2006 by Maciej Popowicz, Paweł Olchawa, Michał Bartoszkiewicz, and Łukasz Adziński, four college students studying computer science at the University of Wrocław. The company was headquartered in Wrocław, Poland, and its name came from the song "Nasza Klasa" by Jacek Kaczmarski.
The website enjoyed success, and one 2009 study called it a "model example of the ‘rags to riches’ ideal of an enterprise construed with no financial funding and no institutional support (neither from ASP/ISP corporations nor from central/local administration)". In 2009, the service had 13.5 million active users. NK.pl then ranked among the top five websites used in Poland, behind Google.pl, Onet.pl, and Wirtualna Polska, and it was visited by more than 50% of Polish Internet users each month (with 10% of the traffic coming from abroad).
As of July 2009 86% of its users lived in Poland, according to Alexa. The site was also popular in Norway, where it was the fifth most popular social networking website in 2009. In June 2010, a rebranding and changes to terms of use demanding that users allow the portal to use their profile photo commercially along with select private information, triggered a mass exodus. As of August 2014 the number of registered users had plummeted to less than 7 million, with many users having switched to Facebook.
In November 2014 Ringier Axel Springer Polska signed agreement to buy NK.pl from Excolimp Investemnts.
On May 26, 2021, NK.pl announced its closure effective July 27 of the same year.
Services
Registered users could pick their school and graduation year. Users were also able to create personal pages with details about their life and past education.
NK.pl offered a wide variety of privacy settings, additionally offering up-to-date advice and instructions about privacy on NK.pl as well as the portal. It had a trust and safety team that worked with law enforcement to resolve matters related to threatening and dangerous posts and other illegal activity.
NK.pl also cooperated with childcare services, such as the Nobody's Children Foundation, which takes care of psychological needs and healthy mental development of children.
See also
Grono.net
Odnoklassniki
Facebook
References
External links
The official site of nk.pl
Site for NK Developers
Online companies of Poland
Defunct social networking services
Polish social networking websites
Internet properties established in 2006
Internet properties disestablished in 2021 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KFSG | KFSG (1690 kHz) is an AM radio station broadcasting a Brokered programming format featuring Spanish Religious and Multilingual shows. KFSG is licensed to Roseville, California and serves the Sacramento metropolitan area. The station is owned by Way Broadcasting Licensee, LLC., part of New York City-based Multicultural Broadcasting.
KFSG's signal can be picked up in parts of the western United States at night, beyond the Sacramento area. 1690 is a relatively clear frequency, with the closest station competing being KDMT in Arvada, Colorado, a suburb of Denver. Until the 1990s, the Federal Communications Commission did not assign AM stations dial positions above 1600 kHz, so there is only one other station in the West to interfere with KFSG's signal.
Programming
KFSG's religious programming is supplied by block-programmers, who purchase airtime on the station and its sister, co-located KLIB (1110 AM). Programs in Spanish, Russian and Hmong are augmented with periods of instrumental music (during unsold time periods). Vietnamese-language programming from the San Jose–based Radio Network airs weekdays from noon to 2 PM.
History
KFSG originated as the expanded band "twin" of an existing station on the standard AM band. On March 17, 1997, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) announced that eighty-eight stations had been given permission to move to newly available "Expanded Band" transmitting frequencies, ranging from 1610 to 1700 kHz, with KRCX (now KLIB) in Roseville authorized to move from 1110 to 1690 kHz.
A construction permit for the expanded band station was assigned the call letters KSXX on November 17, 1997. The FCC's initial policy was that both the original station and its expanded band counterpart could operate simultaneously for up to five years, after which owners would have to turn in one of the two licenses, depending on whether they preferred the new assignment or elected to remain on the original frequency. Conforming with this requirement, KLIB went silent in April 2006. However, on February 20, 2007, the FCC granted a temporary authority for KLIB to resume operations. This deadline has been extended multiple times, and both stations have remained authorized. One restriction is that the FCC has generally required paired original and expanded band stations to remain under common ownership.
On March 13, 2003, 1690 AM changed its call sign to KFSG.
References
External links
FSG
FSG
Roseville, California
Radio stations established in 2001
Multicultural Broadcasting stations |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meritas%20%28law%29 | Founded in 1990, Meritas is a services network consisting of a global alliance of business law firms formerly known as Commercial Law Affiliates. In 2019, the association's membership included over 190 law firms in 97 countries, with more than 7500 lawyers worldwide. Meritas is a non-profit corporation headquartered in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Membership is extended by invitation only, and regular recertification by all firms every three years is a requirement of membership.
Membership
Jennifer McPhee, writing for Canadian Lawyer, described Meritas as one of the "more established by-invitation only legal networks that do extensive research before carefully selecting one firm per jurisdiction." Corporate Counsel Weekly also wrote, "Meritas determines significant business or economic centers where member firms' clients may need local counsel in order to determine where it will have its members," and that "...all member firms provide Meritas with quarterly referral reports, listing all Meritas-originated referrals made to and from the firm for the stated period and cooperate in evaluating specific matters." If a firm does not receive good marks, its membership with the organization may be terminated.
Officers
May 1998: Jerome Reso (Baldwin Haspel Burke & Mayer, LLC - New Orleans, LA, USA) named as Meritas Chair
May 2001: George Cadman (Boughton Law Corporation - Vancouver, BC, Canada) named as Chair
May 2005: A. Lee Lundy (Tydings & Rosenberg LLP - Baltimore, Maryland, USA) named as Chair
February 2006: Tanna Moore named President and CEO
May 2007 Kenneth Kallish (Minden Gross LLP - Toronto, ON, Canada) named as Meritas Chair
July 2008: Jean-Paul Bignon named as Chair-elect
April 2009: Jean-Paul Bignon (Bignon Lebray - Paris, France) named as Chair
May 2011: Judith Lockhart (Carter Ledyard & Milburn LLP, New York, NY) named as Chair
May 2013: Andre Ryan (BCF LLP - Montreal, QC, Canada) named as Chair
May 2015: Dennis Unkovic (Meyer, Unkovic & Scott - Pittsburgh, PA, United States) named as Chair
May 2018: Jill Wiley (Waterfall Economidis - Tucson, Arizona, United States) named as Chair
February 2020: Sona Pancholy named President
References
External links
Law firms based in Minnesota
International law organizations
1990 establishments in Minnesota |
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