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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Dungeon%20Master%20%28video%20game%29 | The Dungeon Master is a text-based role-playing video game written by Graham Stafford for the ZX Spectrum and published by Crystal Computing in 1983.
The player can create dungeons in an underground labyrinth and venture into them with a lone adventurer, searching for turquoise rings. The player moves from room to room fighting monsters, picking up equipment, and gaining levels.
Reception
The game was well received when it was released.
References
External links
1983 video games
Europe-exclusive video games
Role-playing video games
Video games developed in the United Kingdom
ZX Spectrum games
ZX Spectrum-only games
Crystal Computing games |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisco%20NX-OS | NX-OS is a network operating system for the Nexus-series Ethernet switches and MDS-series Fibre Channel storage area network switches made by Cisco Systems. It evolved from the Cisco operating system SAN-OS, originally developed for its MDS switches.
It is based on Wind River Linux and is inter-operable with other Cisco operating systems. The command-line interface of NX-OS is similar to that of Cisco IOS.
Recent NX-OS has both Cisco-style CLI and Bash shell available. On NX-OS 7.0(3)I3, the output from uname with the -a command line argument might look like the text below:
$ uname -a
Linux version 3.4.91-WR5.0.1.13_standard+ (divvenka@sjc-ads-7035) (gcc version 4.6.3 (Wind River Linux Sourcery CodeBench 4.6-60) ) #1 SMP Tue Feb 6 12:43:13 PST 2018
Core features
System Manager (sysmgr)
Persistent Storage Service (PSS)
Message & Transaction Services (MTS)
Additional features
Fibre Channel and FICON
FCIP
FCoE (Nexus 5000/7000 linecards)
iSCSI
IPsec
Scheduling
NPIV NX Port ID Virtualization
Inter–VSAN Routing
VSAN
Zoning (Hard zoning)
Callhome
Cisco Fabric Services (distributed configuration)
SSH and Telnet
Storage Media Encryption
Port Channels
Cisco Data Mobility Manager
Fibre Channel Write Acceleration
Switches running NX-OS
Nexus B22 (HP, Dell, Fujitsu)
Nexus 9000 series
Nexus 7700 series
Nexus 7000 series
Nexus 6000 series
Nexus 5000 series
Nexus 4000 (for IBM BladeCenter)
Nexus 2000 series
Nexus 3000
Nexus 1000V
MDS 9700 FC Directors
MDS 9500 FC Directors
MDS 9250i FC Switch
MDS 9222i FC Switch
MDS 9100 FC Switches
Differences between IOS and NX-OS
NX-OS does not support the login command to switch users.
NX-OS does not distinguish between standard or extended access lists, all lists are named and "extended" in functionality.
NX-OS did not support scp server prior to 5.1(1) release.
In NX-OS, there is no "write" command to save the configuration like on IOS (one uses the "copy" command, instead). Instead, command aliases can be created to provide the "write" command.
When accessing NX-OS, users authenticate directly to their assigned privilege level.
SSH server is enabled while Telnet server is disabled by default in NX-OS.
Releases
4.1, 4.2, 5.0, 5.1, 5.2, 6.0, 6.1, 6.2, 7.0, 9.2, 9.3, 10.1
See also
Cisco IOS
Cisco IOS XE
Cisco IOS XR
FTOS – competitor Force10's operating system FTOS
References
External links
Cisco Content Hub
Cisco Feature Navigator
intro
data sheet
Proprietary operating systems
Network operating systems
Cisco software |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BioWall | The BioWall is a bio-inspired computing surface made of several thousand electronic modules which can be seen as artificial molecules. Each of these modules contains a programmable electronic circuit, a touch sensor and a display composed of 64 LEDs (Light-emitting diodes). As a result, each module enables the visitor to communicate with the surface by touching it with his finger, calculates its new status and indicates it immediately on a coloured display.
Overview
The BioWall was developed in the Logic Systems Laboratory (LSL) of the Ecole polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland. Its construction has been sponsored by Jacqueline Reuge, owner of the Villa Reuge Museum in Sainte-Croix (VD). Two versions of the BioWall have been realized, in which several thousand FPGAs (Spartan XCS10XL of Xilinx) constitute the core of as many modules, locally exchanging information with their nearest neighbours. The interaction with the FPGA is performed through a touch sensitive membrane and each FPGA communicates its state to a 64 coloured LED array.
The main goal of this academic project is the study of the hardware implementation of bio-inspired concepts such as self-repair, evolution, self-replication, learning... following the three main axes defined in the POEtic model:
Phylogenetic axis (P axis), inspired by the evolution of biological species
Ontogenetic axis (O axis), inspired by the development and growth of multicellular organisms
Epigenetic axis (E axis), inspired by the adaptation of individuals to the environment
Among these three research axes, the main effort of the LSL has been focused to the ontogenetic axis through the Embryonics Project, which aims at drawing inspiration from the development of multicellular living organisms in order to obtain in digital hardware some of their original features, and notably growth and fault tolerance.
BioWatch
An artificial organism endowed with all of the features of an embryonic machine was implemented in the BioWall. The BioWatch, which counts hours, minutes, and seconds, is used to demonstrate the growth and self-repair capabilities of the BioWall.
Following the three levels of complexity defined in the Embryonics Project, the BioWatch has been hierarchically designed: The entire watch can be seen as an organism composed of six cells, each of which is dedicated to the calculation of one digit: units and tens of seconds, minutes and hours. Each of these cells is itself decomposed in smaller identical units, i.e. the modules of the BioWall, that could be seen as the basic molecules in a real organism.
Self-repair is possible by including in the BioWatch spare molecules; when a FPGA, i.e. a molecule, becomes faulty, one of the spare molecules can take over its functionality and enables the BioWatch to still display the right time. When a whole cell, counting a specific digit, is overwhelmed by faulty molecules, it dies, but the spare space is automatically configured in order to take |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliyum%20Oliyum | Oliyum Oliyum (English: Sound and Light) is a Tamil movie song compilation program on television popular during the 1980s. It aired at 7:30pm on Fridays on Doordarshan, a Tamil regional network and features songs from Tamil movies. This was most popular entertainment program in Tamil Nadu after Tamil movies which aired on Sunday evenings. recently there is a website name "oleyumoliyum" which deals kind of same idea.
References
See also
Chitralahari
Tamil-language television shows |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/988%20Suicide%20%26%20Crisis%20Lifeline | The 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline (formerly known as the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline) is a suicide prevention network of over two hundred crisis centers in the United States that provides 24/7 service via a toll-free hotline with the telephone number 9-8-8. It is available to anyone in suicidal crisis or emotional distress. The call is routed to the nearest crisis center to receive immediate counseling and local mental health referrals. The Lifeline supports people who call for their own crisis or for someone they care about.
History
The National Suicide Prevention Lifeline is a component of the National Suicide Prevention Initiative (NSPI), a multi-project effort to reduce suicide, led by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration's (SAMHSA) Center for Mental Health Services.
In July 2004, SAMHSA released a notice of funding availability (NOFA) as part of its National Suicide Prevention Initiative (NSPI). In keeping with SAMHSA's duty to advance the goals of the National Strategy for Suicide Prevention, the NOFA called for proposals from nonprofit organizations for using a toll-free number and website to expand, enhance and sustain a network of certified crisis centers providing suicide prevention and intervention services to those in need.
In September 2004, the Mental Health Association of New York City (MHA-NYC) was selected to administer the federally funded network of crisis centers named the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline.
On January 1, 2005, the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline was launched by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, a division of the Department of Health and Human Services, and Vibrant Emotional Health.
In April 2017, for his third album Everybody, American rapper Logic released a song featuring Canadian singer Alessia Cara and American singer Khalid titled "1-800-273-8255", the number used for the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline. On the day of the song's release, the lifeline received one of its highest daily call volumes; Lifeline's Facebook page also received triple the usual number of visitors, and its website reported "a 17% increase in users in May 2017 over the previous month." The song was made to bring awareness to the hotline and to the problems associated with suicide. Calls to the hotline increased by 50% the night the song was featured on the 2017 MTV Video Music Awards. Many of the callers to several crisis centers have mentioned Logic's song, and a third of those callers were struggling with suicidal thoughts. The song was performed at the 60th Annual Grammy Awards as a tribute to Linkin Park vocalist Chester Bennington, who had died by suicide in the previous year.
The National Suicide Hotline Improvement Act of 2018 required the Federal Communications Commission and other agencies to consider a three-digit telephone number for the hotline. On August 15, 2019, FCC staff recommended that the Commission designate the number 988 for the |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaputol%20ng%20Isang%20Awit | (International title: Unsung Melody / ) is a 2008 Philippine television drama romance musical series broadcast by GMA Network. Based on a 1991 Philippine film of the same title, the series is the seventh instalment of Sine Novela. Directed by Mike Tuviera, it stars Glaiza de Castro and Lovi Poe. It premiered on March 3, 2008 on the network's Dramarama sa Hapon line up replacing My Only Love. The series concluded on June 13, 2008 with a total of 73 episodes.
Cast and characters
Lead cast
Glaiza de Castro as Sarah Monteza-Rivera
Lovi Poe as Joanna Ambrosio aka Joanna Rivera
Supporting cast
Marky Cielo as Eric Valderama
Jolo Revilla as Marco Salcedo
Snooky Serna as Vina Monteza-Rivera
Tirso Cruz III as Arsenio Rivera / Kidlat
Gary Estrada as Julio Ambrosio
Isabel Granada as Elena Valderama
Leo Martinez as Ige Monteza
Tuesday Vargas as Mimay Sison
Jade Lopez as Daniella
Guest cast
Jennylyn Mercado as Charmaine Ambrosio
Rita Iringan as young Sarah
Bea Binene as young Mimay
Krystal Reyes as young Joanna
Tony Mabesa as Tatang Pastor
Ratings
According to AGB Nielsen Philippines' Mega Manila household television ratings, the pilot episode of earned a 20.2% rating. While the final episode scored a 26.2% rating.
Accolades
References
External links
2008 Philippine television series debuts
2008 Philippine television series endings
Filipino-language television shows
GMA Network drama series
Philippine romance television series
Philippine musical television series
Philippine television series based on films
Television shows set in the Philippines |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolexic%20Technologies | Prolexic Technologies was a US-based provider of security solutions for protecting websites, data centers, and enterprise IP applications from Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks at the network, transport, and application layers. It operated a DDoS mitigation platform and a global network of traffic scrubbing centers. Real-time monitoring and mitigation services were provided by a 24/7 security operations control center (SOCC). Prolexic indicated its DDoS mitigation services make websites, data centers and enterprise IP applications harder to take down via DDoS attacks.
In February 2014, cybersecurity and cloud services company Akamai Technologies acquired Prolexic Technologies.
History
In 2003 Prolexic Technologies was founded by Barrett Lyon and was the subject of the book Fatal System Error by Joseph Menn. Prolexic protects organizations in the following markets: airlines/hospitality, e-commerce, energy, financial services, gambling, gaming, public sector, and software as a service. Sony is said to be a customer of the company. Prolexic claims some of the largest banks as its clients.
In 2005, the company was named one of the 100 Hottest Private Companies in North America by Red Herring.
In 2011, Prolexic indicated it secured Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) level 2 compliance certification from the PCI Security Standards Council, which would speed the deployment of remediation for compliant organizations during encrypted Application Layer 7 DDoS attacks.
In 2011 Prolexic CEO Scott Hammack and President Stuart Scholly both joined the company.
Prolexic was acquired by Internet content delivery network Akamai Technologies in a $370 million deal completed in February 2014.
Financial history
In 2011, Prolexic completed two financing rounds led by Kennet Partners totaling $15.9 million.
In 2012, the company reported that in 2011 it achieved profitability and a compound annual growth rate of 45%.
In 2012 Baltimore private equity firm Camden Partners invested $6 million in the company, and American Trading and Production Corp invested $2 million as part of an $8 million Series B funding round. In the deal, Jason Tagler of Camden Partners joined the board of directors of Prolexic. Prolexic said it would use the Series B money to support staff and augment its network.
In 2013, Prolexic closed a US$30 million Series C funding round led by new investors Trident Capital and Intel Capital. Kennet Partners, Camden Partners and Medina Capital all took part in the funding round.
Partners
The company claims as partners BT Global Services, Datacraft, Grove IS, Internap, IP Converge, Level 3 Communications, Preventia, and Telstra.
Services
Prolexic provides three kinds of DDoS protection services to its clients: Monitoring and attack detection services, mitigation services that intercept attacks, and attack intelligence and post-attack intelligence services. In addition, Prolexic aggregates intelligence informatio |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%2B | R+ or R Plus may refer to:
R+ tree, a data structure in computer science
, the set of positive real numbers (or, depending on author, the set of non-negative real numbers)
Positive reinforcement, in behavioural psychology
Rammstein, German band
R Plus (musician), pseudonym of music producer Rollo Armstrong
Rocksmith +, a video game made by Ubisoft |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/39th%20Information%20Operations%20Squadron | The 39th Information Operations Squadron is an information operations and cyber Formal Training Unit, part of the 318th Cyberspace Operations Group.
The squadron is located at Hurlburt Field, Florida. Its training facility is a state of the art facility housing several classrooms, multiple small group mission planning rooms and a 60-person auditorium. All classrooms are equipped with communication and computer systems, including secure video teleconferencing and fiber optic infrastructures to allow real-time war gaming and improved instruction at multiple security levels.
Mission
"Provide initial and advanced information operations and cyber training for the United States Air Force."
History
The 39th Intelligence Squadron was assigned to the 67th Intelligence Group, Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada, until 1 October 1988 when it was relocated to Hurlburt Field, Florida. The squadron assumed the mission of the discontinued Detachment 1, 67th Intelligence Group and was redesignated the 39th Information Operations Squadron on 1 September 1999, to better reflect its new and expanded mission.
On 1 August 2000 the 39th was reassigned to the 318th Information Operations Group.
Lineage
36th Communications Security Squadron
Constituted as the 136th Signal Radio Intelligence Company on 7 February 1942
Activated 15 February 1942
Redesignated 136th Signal Radio Intelligence Company, Aviation on 4 October 1943
Redesignated 136th Radio Security Detachment c. 24 January 1945
Redesignated 136th Radio Security Squadron on 15 March 1949
Redesignated 136th Communications Security Squadron on 20 January 1951
Redesignated 36th Communications Security Squadron on 8 December 1953
Inactivated on 8 May 1955
Consolidated with the 6919th Electronic Security Squadron as the 39th Intelligence Squadron on 1 November 1994
6919th Electronic Security Squadron
Designated as the 6919th Electronic Security Squadron and activated on 1 October 1986
Inactivated on 31 May 1991
Consolidated with the 36th Communications Security Squadron as the 39th Intelligence Squadron on 1 November 1994
39th Information Operations Squadron
6919th Electronic Security Squadron consolidated with the 36th Communications Security Squadron as the 39th Intelligence Squadron on 1 November 1994
Activated on 15 November 1994
Redesignated 39th Information Operations Squadron on 1 September 1999
Assignments
Army Air Forces, 15 February 1942
United States Air Force Security Service, 1 February 1949
6960th Headquarters Support Group, 1 September 1951
United States Air Force Security Service, 12 May 1952
Air Force Communications Security Center, 17 February 1954 – 8 May 1955
6910th Electronic Security Wing, 1 October 1986
691st Electronic Security Wing, 15 July 1988 – 31 May 1991
67th Intelligence Group, 15 November 1994
Air Force Information Warfare Center, 1 October 1998
318th Information Operations Group, 1 August 2000 – present
Stations
Bolling Field, District of Columbia, 15 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group%2013 | The Group 13 network (, Yiddish: דאָס דרײַצענטל) was a Jewish Nazi collaborationist organization in the Warsaw Ghetto during the German occupation of Poland in World War II. The rise and fall of the Group was likely a proxy for power struggles between various factions in the Nazi German military and bureaucracy, for their own financial benefit.
Background
The group was founded in December 1940 and led by Abraham Gancwajch, the former head of Hashomer Hatzair in Łódź. The Thirteen took its informal name from the address of its main office at 13 Leszno Street in Warsaw. Sanctioned by Sicherheitsdienst (SD), and also known as the Jewish Gestapo, the unit reported directly to the local Gestapo office.
Organizational structure
Group 13 had between 300 and 400 uniformed Jewish officers, distinguished by caps with green bands. Membership in the 13 required payment of several thousand zlotys, issued by the German Nazi-controlled bank. Although it was intended to curtail black market activity, the group actually extorted large sums of money through racketeering and blackmail. Its most important branch was the Office to Combat Usury and Profiteering. It also ran its own prison.
Group 13 vied for control of the Ghetto with the Judenrat, and infiltrated Jewish opposition within the Ghetto.
Dissolution
In July 1941, Group 13 lost its political status to the Judenrat, and the Office to Combat Usury and Profiteering was taken over by the Jupo police force. Subsequently, the remaining members of Group 13 centered on Gancwajch, and concentrated their efforts on setting up their own infirmary and ambulance service (the so-called Emergency Service, or the First Aid Station), which was created in May 1941. The organization's purpose was quickly subverted, and its resources were used predominantly for smuggling and contraband. They ran other illegitimate operations, such as a brothel at the Britannica Hotel, and had near-total control over horse-drawn carriages and all other transportation within the Ghetto.
In April 1942, many former Group 13 members were executed in Operation Reinhard. In mid-1941, shortly before the Office was closed, there was a split in the Group leadership, when Morris Kohn and Zelig Heller broke with Gancwajch and established their own organizations. Kohn and Heller ultimately outlasted the Group. Their demise only came during the mass deportations of Jews from the Warsaw Ghetto to the Nazi Treblinka extermination camp in the course of Grossaktion Warsaw in July 1942, during which German Nazis murdered approximately 2,000,000 Polish Jews.
Gancwajch and surviving members of the group later re-emerged posing as Jewish underground fighters, though in reality they were hunting for Poles in hiding or supporting other Nazi collaborationists. After closing the Jewish Gestapo, Gancwajch remained in Warsaw, outside the Ghetto, where he continued working for the Nazis. He was rumored to have died in 1943; a hypothesis about his post-war collabora |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alewife%20%28multiprocessor%29 | Alewife was a cache coherent multiprocessor developed in the early 1990s by a group led by Anant Agarwal at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. It was based on a network of up to 512 processing nodes, each of which used the Sparcle computer architecture, which was formed by modifying a Sun Microsystems SPARC CPU to include the APRIL techniques for fast context switches.
The Alewife project was one of two predecessors cited by the creators of the popular Beowulf cluster multiprocessor.
References
External links
MIT Alewife Project
Parallel computing
Cluster computing
SPARC microprocessor architecture |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Debrett | John Debrett (8 January 1753 – 15 November 1822) was an English publisher and compiler. His name has become associated with reference books.
Life
Debrett was of French Huguenot background and took over the business of John Almon, opposite Burlington House in Piccadilly, in 1781. His shop continued to be the resort of the whigs, the Pittites going chiefly to his neighbour, Stockdale.
Debrett retired from business about 1814, and lived partly upon a pension from his wife and partly from his compilations. He is described as a kindly, good-natured man, but without business aptitudes. He died at his lodgings in Upper Gloucester Street, Regent's Park, on 15 November 1822.
Publications
Among Debrett's publications were a new edition of The New Foundling Hospital for Wit (1784), 6 vols., and Asylum for Fugitive Pieces in Prose and Verse (1785–1788), 4 vols. At the end of the former work, The New Peerage (1784), 3 vols., is advertised. This had been Almon's, who published peerages, but is not known to have had any share in their compilation. He is also known as the publisher of the first British printing of the United States Constitution in 1787.
The first edition of Debrett's Peerage of England, Scotland, and Ireland, containing an Account of all the Peers, 2 vols., was published in May 1802, with plates of arms, a second edition appeared in September 1802, a third in June 1803, a fourth in 1805, a fifth in 1806, a sixth in 1808, a seventh in 1809, an eighth in 1812, a ninth in 1814, a tenth in 1816, an eleventh in 1817, a twelfth in 1819, a thirteenth in 1820, a fourteenth in 1822, a fifteenth in 1823, which was the last edition edited by Debrett, and not published until after his death. The next edition came out in 1825. The first edition of The Baronetage of England, containing their Descent and Present State, by John Debrett, 2 vols., appeared in 1808. For a time the British Imperial Calendar was edited by Debrett.
See also
Debrett's
References
"Debrett, John Field (1752-1822)" in Chamber's Encyclopaedia. International Learning Systems. 1968. Volume 4. Page 409. Google Books
The Editors of the American Heritage Dictionaries. "Debrett, John (c. 1750-1822)" in The Riverside Dictionary of Biography. Houghton Mifflin. 2005. Page 220.
"Mr. John Debrett" (1822) Gentleman's Magazine, volume 92 (New Series, volume 15), part 2, p 474
"Debrett, John" The Annual Biography and Obituary for the Year 1823. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. 1823. Volume 7. Page 441.
Timperly, Charles Henry. A Dictionary of Printers and Printing. London: H Johnson. 1839. Pages 823 and 886.
Nichols, John Bowyer. Illustrations of the Literary History of the Eighteenth Century. J B Nichols and Sons. London. 1858. Volume 8. Page 497.
"A Toast to John Debrett" (1953) 49 The Listener 129 Google Books
"Debrett" in Fourth Leaders from the Times: A Selection from the Past Twelve Months. Times Publishing Company. 1953. Page 77. Google Books
Charles Arnold-Baker. "Debrett, |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atari%20STacy | The STacy is a portable computer version of the Atari ST.
The computer was originally designed to operate on 12 standard C cell flashlight batteries for portability. When Atari realized how quickly the machine would use up a set of batteries (especially when rechargeable batteries of the time supplied insufficient power compared to the intended alkalines), they simply glued the lid of the battery compartment shut.
The STacy has features similar to the Macintosh Portable, a version of Apple's Macintosh computer which contained a built in keyboard and monitor.
With built-in MIDI, the STacy enjoyed success for running music-sequencer software and as a controller of musical instruments among both amateurs and well-known musicians.
History
The Stacy was a global project, design work was carried out in the Sunnyvale HQ, Cambridge UK, final PCB layouts were produced by Atari in Japan, which is where the first units were manufactured, with final manufacturing occurring in Taiwan.
The distinctive sculptured charcoal-gray case was designed by Ira Velinsky, Atari's chief Industrial Designer.
Models
There are 4 STacy Models
Stacy : 1 MB Ram, 1× 3.5" internal Floppy (Model code: LST-1141)
Stacy 2: 2 MB Ram, 1× 3.5" internal Floppy, 20 MB HD (Model code: LST-2144)
Stacy 2: 2 MB Ram, 2× 3.5" internal Floppy (Model code: LST-2124)
Stacy 4: 4 MB Ram, 1× 3.5" internal Floppy, 40 MB HD (Model code: LST-4144)
Specifications
Atari TOS 1.04
Blitter
Character set: Atari ST character set (based on codepage 437)
Real-time clock lithium battery
Hard disk: ACSI-SCSI 20-40 MB
Floppy disk
ACSI, ACSI internal (same as in Mega STE)
Trackball
Ports
Parallel: 1 port
Serial: 1 port
FDD: 1 port
MIDI: 2 ports
Optional
Modem
In pop culture
The STacy appears in the 1991 films Nothing but Trouble and Delusion.
Gallery
References
External links
Atari History Museum
Atari Stacy computer
A Stacy user page Overview, screen captures, photos.
STacy Owners Manual - Addendum(1990)
Products introduced in 1989
Atari ST
Portable computers |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odium | Odium may refer to:
Gorky 17, released as Odium in North America, a computer game
Odium (album), by Morgoth, 1993
See also
Odeon (disambiguation)
Odiham, a village in Hampshire, England
Odium theologicum, the often intense anger and hatred generated by disputes over theology
Argumentum ad odium, where someone attempts to win favor for an argument by exploiting existing negative feelings in the opposing party |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perceptual%20Evaluation%20of%20Video%20Quality | Perceptual Evaluation of Video Quality (PEVQ) is an end-to-end (E2E) measurement algorithm to score the picture quality of a video presentation by means of a 5-point mean opinion score (MOS). It is, therefore, a video quality model. PEVQ was benchmarked by the Video Quality Experts Group (VQEG) in the course of the Multimedia Test Phase 2007–2008. Based on the performance results, in which the accuracy of PEVQ was tested against ratings obtained by human viewers, PEVQ became part of the new International Standard.
Application
The measurement algorithm can be applied to analyze visible artifacts caused by a digital video encoding/decoding (or transcoding) process, radio- or IP-based transmission networks and end-user devices. Application scenarios address next generation networking and mobile services and include IPTV (Standard-definition television and HDTV), streaming video, Mobile TV, video telephony, video conferencing and video messaging.
The measurement paradigm is to assess degradations of a decoded video sequence output from the network (for example as received by a TV set top box) in comparison to the original reference picture (broadcast from the studio). Consequently, the setup is referred to as end-to-end (E2E) quality testing.
Algorithm
The development for picture quality analysis algorithms available today started with still image models which were later enhanced to also cover motion pictures. PEVQ is full-reference algorithm (see the classification of models in video quality) and analyzes the picture pixel-by-pixel after a temporal alignment (also referred to as 'temporal registration') of corresponding frames of reference and test signal. PEVQ MOS results range from 1 (bad) to 5 (excellent) and indicate the perceived quality of the decoded sequence.
PEVQ is based on modeling the behavior of the human visual system. In addition to an overall MOS score, PEVQ quantifies abnormalities in the video signal by a variety of KPIs, including PSNR, distortion indicators and lip-sync delay.
See also
Mean opinion score
Peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR)
Subjective video quality
Video quality
References
Further reading
ITU-T Rec. P.910 Subjective video quality assessment methods for multimedia applications
Digital Video Quality, Stefan Winkler, Wiley, March 2005,
PEVQ Paper MMSP 2007, IEEE 9th Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing
VQEG Multimedia Test Plan and Final Report
Testing MPEG based IP video QoE/QoS
External links
PEVQ Technology Overview
Film and video technology
Digital television
Video codecs
Codecs
Videotelephony
de:PEXQ#Perceptual Evaluation of Video Quality (PEVQ) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tactical%20data%20link | A tactical data link (TDL) uses a data link standard in order to provide communication via radio waves or cable used by NATO nations. All military C3 systems use standardized TDL to transmit, relay and receive tactical data.
Multi-TDL network (MTN) refers to the network of similar and dissimilar TDLs integrated through gateways, translators, and correlators to bring the common tactical picture and/or common operational picture together.
Change of terminology
The term tactical digital information link (TADIL) was made obsolete (per DISA guidance) and is now more commonly seen as tactical data link (TDL).
Tactical data link character
TDLs are characterized by their standard message and transmission formats. This is usually written as <Message Format>/<Transmission Format>.
TDL standards in NATO
In NATO, tactical data link standards are being developed by the Data Link Working Group (DLWG) of the Information Systems Sub-Committee (ISSC) in line with the appropriate STANAG.
Synopsis of TDL links
In NATO, there exist tactical data link standards as follows:
See also
BACN
Global Information Grid
Inter/Intra Flight Data Link (IFDL)
JREAP
MANDRIL
Multifunction Advanced Data Link
Network emulation for simulation / emulation of tactical data links
SIMPLE
Tactical Common Data Link
External links
Federation of American Scientists TDL information page
This article was originally based on public domain text from Army Airspace Command and Control in a Combat Zone, Headquarters, Department of the Army, publication FM 3-52 (FM 100-103), August 2002
Military communications
NATO standardisation |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Link%204 | Link 4 is a non-secure data link used for providing vector commands to USAF and other NATO fighter aircraft. It is a netted, time division link operating in the UHF band at 5,000 bits per second. There are 2 separate "Link 4s": Link 4A and Link 4C.
Link 4A TADIL C is one of several Tactical Data Links now in operation in the United States Armed Services and forces of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Link-4A plays an important role by providing digital surface-to-air, air-to-surface, and air-to-air tactical communications. Originally designated Link-4, this link was designed to replace voice communications for the control of tactical aircraft. The use of Link-4 has since been expanded to include communication of digital data between surface and airborne platforms. First installed in the late 1950s, Link-4A has achieved a reputation for being reliable. But Link-4A's transmissions are not secure, nor are they jam-resistant. However, Link-4A is easy to operate and maintain without serious or long-term connectivity problems.
Link 4C is a fighter-to-fighter data link which is intended to complement Link 4A although the two links do not communicate directly with each other. Link 4C uses F-series messages and provides some measure of ECM resistance. Link 4C is fitted to the F-14 only and the F-14 cannot communicate on Link 4A and 4C simultaneously. Up to 4 fighters may participate in a single Link 4C net. It is planned that Link 16 will assume Link 4A's role in AIC and ATC operations and Link 4C's role in fighter-to-fighter operations. However Link 16 is not currently capable of replacing Link 4A's ACLS function and it is likely that controlled aircraft will remain equipped with Link 4A to perform carrier landings. Message standards are defined in STANAG 5504 while standard operating procedures are laid down in ADatP 4.
See also
JTIDS
Link 1
Link 11 - (Link 11B)
Link 16
Link 22
MIDS
ACARS
References
External links
TADIL information page on Federation of American Scientists site
Military communications
Military radio systems
Standards of the United States
Military installations of NATO
Military equipment of NATO |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visitor%20Based%20Network | A Visitor-based network (VBN) is a computer network intended for mobile users in need of temporary Internet access. A visitor-based network is most commonly established in hotels, airports, convention centers, universities, and business offices. It gives the on-the-go user a quick and painless way to temporarily connect a device to networks and broadband Internet connections. A visitor-based network usually includes hardware (such as VBN gateways, hubs, switches, and/or routers), telecommunications (an Internet connection), and service (subscriber support).
What is a VBN Gateway?
Virtually any Internet-based Ethernet LAN can become a visitor-based network by adding a device generally termed a "VBN gateway". The function of a VBN Gateway is to provide a necessary layer of management between public users and the Internet router to enable a plug and play connection for visitors. Typical VBN Gateway provide services and support for billing and management application integrations, such as PMS systems (in hotels), credit-card billing interfaces, or Radius/LDAP servers for central authentication models.
A common criteria for VBN gateways is they allow users to connect and access the available network services with little or no configuration on their local machines (specifically modification to their IP address). In order to accomplish this a layer 2 (See: OSI model#Layer 2: Data link layer) connection is required between the user and the VBN gateway. Aside from the layer 2 (or bridged) network requirement, there are really no other restrictions for using a VBN gateway to enable a network. As such, Ethernet, 802.11x, CMTS, and xDSL are all acceptable mediums for distributing networks to use with VBN Gateways.
In the simplest form a VBN gateway is a hardware device with a minimum of two network connections. One network connection is considered the subscriber network, and the other the uplink to the Internet. The majority of VBN gateways on the market today all use Ethernet interfaces for their connection, but as stated above, any layer 2 connection is acceptable for this.
Types of VBNs
Generally speaking there are three models of operation for a VBN: Transparent, Pay For Use, and Authenticate For Use.
Transparent VBN
A transparent VBN's purpose is to provide network services to users to reduce support and/or IT infrastructure costs. Generally these networks are not concerned with security but rather fast and easy access. Metro Wi-Fi networks, or free to use Hotspots are examples of this type of VBN.
Billing VBN
A billing-based VBN is one where users are required to pay to obtain network services. Traditionally these types of VBNs are found in hotel or Hotspot (Wi-Fi) networks. Payment services are provided in a variety of methods, most commonly with a credit card Merchant account in hot spot environments or integration to a property management system in hotel environments.
Authentication VBN
An authenticate for use VBN is most commonly found |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VBN | VBN may refer to:
Visitor Based Network, a computer network intended for mobile users in need of temporary Internet access
VBN, the Indian Railways station code for Vallabhnagar railway station, Rajasthan, India |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1989%20World%20Wrestling%20Championships | The 1989 World Wrestling Championships were held in Martigny, Switzerland.
Medal table
Team ranking
Medal summary
Men's freestyle
Men's Greco-Roman
Women's freestyle
References
FILA Database
World Wrestling Championships
W
W
W |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cthugha%20%28software%29 | Cthugha is a music visualization computer program. It was written in the mid-1990s by Kevin "Zaph" Burfitt, originally for the PC, and was later ported to other platforms. It was freely distributed.
History
Cthugha was started by Australian coder Kevin "Zaph" Burfitt in September 1993 under DOS for the PC, but not released to the public until version 2.0 in March 1994. It wasn't until release 5.1p in October 1994 that popularity of the program took off; this coinciding with the relatively new availability of cheap sound-cards for PCs, such as the Soundblaster.
Cthugha was released for Linux ("Cthugha-L") in May 1995, and for the Macintosh ("MaCthugha") in January 1996
Cthugha was used as the video wall background for the Australian children's TV game show Challenger, hosted by Zoe Sheridan during the late 90s.
Burfitt stopped work on Cthugha in January 2001, and there were various attempts by others to carry on the project, but by that time there were so many clones of the software that there was little enthusiasm. Cthugha may have been the forerunner – either in inspiration, or possibly even as source-code – of the numerous and varied "visualisation" plugins for mp3 players and media players on many computer architectures.
In 1998, it was ported to the Winamp music player.
Usage
Cthugha uses a sound card's CD, line or microphone input.
Reaction
The oscilloscope patterns of Cthugha have been described as "weird" and "hypnotic".
See also
Cthugha - The mythical demon the software was named after.
References
External links
The Official Cthugha page
Cthugha development page
1994 software
Freeware
Audio software
Music visualization software |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/America%27s%20Best%20TV%20Comics | America's Best TV Comics is a one-shot American comic book packaged by Marvel Comics' parent company in mid-1967 in conjunction with the ABC television network to promote the network's Saturday morning cartoon lineup.
Publication history
Marvel Comics, which occasionally packaged sponsored comics, created this 68-page comic book in 1967 for the ABC television network to promote the network's Saturday morning cartoon lineup. The formal credit in the comic's indicia is for Marvel's parent company, Magazine Management. The indicia also specifies, "Distributed nationally by the Independent News Company," which distributed Marvel Comics at the time. The copyright is held by ABC. Bearing a cover price of 25¢ and also distributed via mail-order, it features the Marvel characters the Fantastic Four and Spider-Man, who were debuting in half-hour animated series that fall, as well as stories based on the upcoming animated series Journey to the Center of the Earth, The King Kong Show, George of the Jungle, and Casper the Friendly Ghost. The ABC cartoon block, which also included the series The Beatles, ran Saturdays from 9 a.m. to 12:30 p.m.
The main cover image of the Fantastic Four's Mr. Fantastic was penciled either by Jack Kirby or Larry Lieber mimicking Kirby's style, and possibly inked by either Frank Giacoia or Joe Sinnott (sources differ). All were Marvel Comics regulars. The image of the Fantastic Four in the top right-hand box is a partial reproduction of the Kirby-Sinnott cover of Fantastic Four #49 (April 1966).
The stories, in order, are:
a 10-page, edited Casper reprint, "The Flying Horse", from The Friendly Ghost, Casper #17 (Jan. 1960) by artist Warren Kremer and an unconfirmed writer, possibly Ralph Newman;
a 10-page, edited reprint of the 22-page "Prisoners of the Pharaoh", by writer-editor Stan Lee, penciler Kirby and inker Dick Ayers, from Fantastic Four #19 (Oct. 1963)
a 10-page, edited reprint of the 20-page "The Birth of a Super-Hero", by writer-editor Lee and penciler-inker John Romita Sr., from The Amazing Spider-Man #42 (Nov. 1966)
the 10-page Journey to the Center of the Earth original story "The People of the Styx", by an unknown writer and penciler-inker Paul Reinman, a Marvel Comics regular
the 10-page King Kong original story "Kong Joins the Circus", by an uncredited creative team, and
the 10-page George of the Jungle original story "Shep's Burial Ground", also by an uncredited team.
The comic also includes single-page ads for some ABC primetime series, with that of Cowboy in Africa and The Flying Nun penciled by John Tartaglione, and a combined ad for Custer and Batman pencilled by George Tuska.
References
External links |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WZXV | WZXV (99.7 FM) is a radio station broadcasting a Christian radio format. Licensed to Palmyra, New York, United States, the station serves the Rochester area and, through a network of translators, most of central and western New York (southwestern New York is instead served by a sister church). The station is currently owned by Calvary Chapel of the Finger Lakes, Inc.
The station operates as a noncommercial religious station; the main frequency and all of its translators are nonetheless in the commercial FM band, above 92 MHz.
Translators
External links
ZXV
Radio stations established in 1977 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TV3%20Ghana | TV3 is a Ghanaian free-to-air television network in Ghana. Launched in 1997 by Malaysian company Sistem Televisyen Malaysia Berhad, TV3 airs and produces a variety of television programmes including acclaimed news bulletins, dramas and successful reality television and entertainment shows. It was taken over by a Ghanaian company called Media General Ghana Limited in 2011.
TV3 Ghana established itself as the most watched free-to-air television station in Ghana, having achieved 65% nationwide penetration at end-2006 and aiming to reach 90% by 2008. TV3 is a privately owned TV in Ghana.
However, TV3 has experienced major competition in the likes of Metro TV which has succeeded not only in broadcasting its network to all the regions in the country but it also struck a deal with South Africa's MultiChoice allowing it to be broadcast throughout Africa. Despite this, TV3 remains popular for its showing of Mexican telenovelas, Korean series and music and a variety of local and foreign movies. TV3 entertains and educates its viewers through all the programs aired.
Programs
Current
Children's
Ben 10
Generator Rex
LazyTown
Former
Overseas
Beauty and The Beast
Comedy
Home Improvement
Family Feud Africa (localised version, hosted by U.S. host Steve Harvey)
Children's
Aladdin
Barney & Friends
Dennis the Menace
Dennis and Gnasher
Basket Fever
Betty's Voyage
Cedric the Crow
Conan the Adventurer
Dennis and Gnasher
G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero (1983 TV series)
Legends of the Hidden Temple
The Lion King's Timon & Pumbaa
Max Steel
Ocean Girl
Postman Pat
Power Rangers
Roughnecks: Starship Troopers Chronicles
Return to Jupiter
Talented Kids
Teen Wolf
Teletubbies
Thunderstone
Tweenies
Tommy and Oscar
Drama
Desperate Housewives
Hill Street Blues
Reality
Date Rush
Ghana's most beautiful
Staff
Present
Berla Mundi
Giovani Caleb
Alfred Akrofi Ocansey
Komla Adom
Wendy Laryea
Josephine Antwi Adjei
Portia Gabor
Past
Bridget Otoo
Nana Aba Anamoah
See also
Media of Ghana
References
External links
TV3 Network Ltd.
Broadcasting in Ghana
Television channels and stations established in 1997
Television stations in Ghana
Mass media in Accra |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macintosh%20Office | The Macintosh Office was an effort by Apple Computer to design an office-wide computing environment consisting of Macintosh computers, a local area networking system, a file server, and a networked laser printer. Apple announced Macintosh Office in January 1985 with a poorly received sixty-second Super Bowl commercial dubbed Lemmings. In the end, the file server would never ship and the Office project would be cancelled. However, the AppleTalk networking system and LaserWriter printer would be hugely successful in launching the desktop publishing revolution.
History
Previous efforts
Macintosh Office was the company's third attempt to enter into the business environment as a serious competitor to IBM.
Following the success of the Apple II personal computer, Apple first sought to enter into the lucrative professional business market with the Apple III. A high-end computer with features geared toward the business professional, it suffered from many technical problems which plagued the system during most of its production run. As a result, Apple's reputation suffered and it lost any advantage it had entering into the business market – a full year prior to the introduction of the IBM PC.
Apple's second attempt was with the introduction of the revolutionary Lisa, a high-end computer aimed at the business community, based on the graphical user interface that was to become the basis of the Macintosh. Unfortunately it proved far too expensive and offered too few features for most businesses to justify the cost. A year later when the much less expensive Macintosh debuted, Lisa's fate was sealed. After being renamed the Macintosh XL in an effort to revive sales, a year later production ended following less than three years of poor sales.
While Apple had a hit with the Macintosh, they still needed a way to make inroads into the professional world and the Mac was already being criticized as a toy by the business community.
Strategy
Apple had initially examined local area networking through an effort known as AppleNet, which used Ethernet-like coax cable to support a 1 Mbit/s network of up to 128 Apple IIs, Apple IIIs and Apple Lisas. This was first announced at the National Computer Conference in Los Angeles in June 1983, but quietly dropped four months later. At the time, Apple commented that they "realized that it's not in the business to create a network system", and instead announced they would be waiting for IBM to release its Token Ring system in 1984.
This left Apple with no networking system until IBM released Token Ring. Internal work continued throughout, greatly aided by a series of memos from Bob Belleville, who outlined what the system would need to do and outlining the networking system, a networked laser printer, and a file server.
When the Macintosh had originally been designed it used the Zilog Z8530 serial driver chip, which had the capability of running simple networking protocols. The original aim was to produce a system known as |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halls%20of%20the%20Things | Halls of the Things is a video game developed by Design Design for the ZX Spectrum and released by Crystal Computing in 1983. It was ported to the Amstrad CPC and Commodore 64. The player travels through seven floors of a tower, searching for seven rings, with each floor being a complex maze of corridors and rooms. Once the player has the rings they must then find the magical key hidden in the dungeon, which opens the drawbridge allowing the player to escape. To hinder the player's progress they are attacked by "things," but the player is armed with a sword, arrows, fireballs and lightning to aid you in the quest.
The game was re-released by Design Design Software and Firebird Software. A sequel, Return of the Things, was released in 1984.
Reception
The game was well received when it was released.
"Excellent and dangerously addictive it could change the Spectrum games scene overnight". Sinclair User
"Spectacular. One of the best games i've seen, finely balanced between simplicity and addictiveness - superb graphics and colour - I CAN'T RECOMMEND IT HIGHLY ENOUGH". Popular Computing Weekly
ZX Computing magazine, featured Halls of the Things as the best game of 1983. The ZX Spectrum version was voted the 27th best game of all time in a special issue of Your Sinclair magazine in 2004.
References
External links
Halls of the Things original source code at Design Design
1983 video games
Amstrad CPC games
Commodore 64 games
Video games developed in the United Kingdom
ZX Spectrum games
Crystal Computing games |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control%20operator | Control operator may refer to:
Operator (profession)
Operators in control flow software programming
See also
Control (disambiguation)
Operator (disambiguation) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North%E2%80%93South%20Corridor%2C%20Singapore | The North–South Corridor (NSC), originally conceptualised as the North-South Expressway, is an under-construction expressway that will be the 11th of Singapore's network of expressways when completed. The North South Corridor will serve increasing traffic along the north-south corridor that is currently served by the Central Expressway (CTE). The expressway will cost about S$7–8 billion when fully completed in 2029 as North-South Corridor and will connect the East Coast Parkway (ECP) with the northern parts of Singapore.
The NSC will have a total of 16 entrances and 17 exits to connect towns along the north-south corridor—Woodlands, Sembawang, Yishun, Ang Mo Kio, Bishan and Toa Payoh—with the city centre. The NSC will also provide links to existing expressways, including the Seletar Expressway (SLE), Pan-Island Expressway (PIE) and East Coast Parkway (ECP).
According to the Land Transport Authority, the continuous bus lanes along the NSC will be able to reduce bus travelling times from Woodlands, Sembawang, Yishun and Ang Mo Kio to the city by up to 30 minutes through morning and evening peak express bus services, and also make bus connections between residential towns along the NSC faster by allowing intra-town buses to leverage the ramps and bus lanes on the surface. A cycling path along the entire stretch of the highway will link up the Park Connector Networks and dedicated cycling path networks within HDB towns along the entire corridor to the city centre.
The North-South Corridor was initially targeted to be ready by 2023. However, due to significant delays in construction, the deadline has been pushed back multiple times. It is now expected for the viaduct from Admiralty Road West to Lentor Avenue to be opened in 2027, and the tunnels from Lentor Avenue to East Coast Parkway to be opened in 2029.
History
The expressway was first announced as the North South Expressway on 30 January 2008 as part of a major review of Singapore's transport network by the Land Transport Authority (LTA).
On 19 January 2011, the government gave the green light to build the expressway between Admiralty Road West and Toa Payoh Rise. On 15 November 2011, LTA unveiled the full alignment of the North-South Corridor. The land was acquired earlier so that the owners will be given sufficient time to move house, with construction initially planned to begin in 2017 with an expected completion date of 2023. The corridor became an integrated transport corridor in 2016, with the land being cleared for the construction of North-South Corridor, works are ready to start in 2018 and complete by 2026.
On 2 October 2020, it was announced that the major traffic junction at Novena linking Newton Road, Moulmein Road and Thomson Road, will be adjusted to make way for the construction of expressway tunnels.
Route
In the final plan, the NSC will commence at Admiralty Road West in northern Singapore and proceed southwards along Woodlands Avenue 8, Gambas Avenue, Sembawang Road. It |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLODO | Committee for Liquidation or Subversion of Computers (; CLODO being a slang word for the homeless) was a French neo-Luddite anarchist organization that attacked computer and telecommunications companies in the early 1980s. The group was motivated by concerns over the growing ubiquity of telecommunications and potential misuse of computers by governments to strip freedoms from the general population. CLODO's targets were mainly located in Toulouse, France. CLODO carried out attacks in 1980 and 1983 with a two-year hiatus in-between; targets included: CII Honeywell Bull, International Computers Limited, and Sperry.
The group released a manifesto in 1983 and has been classified as inactive by the National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism since their final attack in December 1983. The 2022 experimental documentary Machines in Flames details CLODO's activities and ideologies. None of its members have been identified to date.
Name
The initialism 'CLODO', ( or Committee for Liquidation or Subversion of Computers) is also a slang term for 'bum' or 'homeless' in French. CLODO would infrequently use the names and as well. The term "détournement" refers to a strategic appropriation of a popular symbol, giving it a new meaning. The use of the term "clodo" as an initialism is believed to be an intentional act of "self-irony" and followed a larger trend of anarchist groups using humorous names and acronyms.
History
CLODO began in 1980 in protest against increasing computerized surveillance by national governments and fears of increased oppression as computerization advanced. The first major attacks by CLODO occurred in April 1980: a sabotage and robbery against Philips Data Systems, and a bombing against CII Honeywell Bull's office in Toulouse. In May 1980, CLODO perpetrated an arson attack against International Computers Limited. It was estimated that 1 million francs in damage was caused by the fire, and phrases such as "No to big brother in Ireland" (Protesting British control of Northern Ireland), "No to information cop", and "1984" (in reference to the 1949 book by George Orwell) were found written in charcoal on the walls. In August 1980, CLODO carried out two failed attacks against CII Honeywell Bull's office in Louveciennes. The first attack involved a 5 kg explosive that failed due to a faulty detonator and the second attempt was defused prior to detonation. In September 1980, CLODO carried out an explosive attack against AP-SOGETI. In December 1980, CLODO claimed responsibility for an arson attack against a Paris Insurance Union (now named Axa) office in the 9th arrondissement of Paris. Following this, CLODO entered a period of inactivity and would not claim any attacks during 1981 and 1982.
In March 1981, an IBM computer terminal at the Banque Populaire building in Toulouse was vandalized. While CLODO did not claim the attack, the newspaper Le Matin de Paris stated the attack was "reminiscent of the habits an |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BELBIC | In recent years, the use of biologically inspired methods such as the evolutionary algorithm have been increasingly employed to solve and analyze complex computational problems. BELBIC (Brain Emotional Learning Based Intelligent Controller) is one such controller which is proposed by Caro Lucas, Danial Shahmirzadi and Nima Sheikholeslami and adopts the network model developed by Moren and Balkenius to mimic those parts of the brain which are known to produce emotion (namely, the amygdala, orbitofrontal cortex, thalamus and sensory input cortex).
Emotions and learning
Traditionally, the study of learning in biological systems was conducted at the expense of overlooking its lesser known counterparts: motivation and emotion. However these phenomena can not be separated. Motivation is the drive that causes any system to do anything – without it, there is no reason to act. Emotions indicate how successful a course of actions have been and whether another set of actions should have been taken instead – they are a constant feedback to the learning system. Learning on the other hand, guarantees that motivation and emotional subsystems are able to adapt to constantly changing conditions.
Thus, in the study of biological organisms, emotions have arisen to prominence as an integral part of any biologically inspired system. But how does any living organism benefit from its emotions? It is crucial to answer this question as we attempt to increasingly employ biologically inspired methods in solving computational problems.
Every creature has innate abilities that accommodate its survival in the world. It can identify food, shelter, partners, and danger. But these "simple mappings between stimuli and reactions will not be enough to keep the organisms from encountering problems." For example, if a given animal knows that its predator has qualities A, B and C, it will escape all creatures that have those qualities. And thus waste much of its energy and resources on non-existent danger.
We can not expect evolution to provide more advanced algorithms for assessing danger, because the predator is also evolving at the same speed. Thus, biological systems need to be equipped with the ability to learn. This learning and re-learning mechanism allows them to adapt to highly complex and advanced situations.
To learn effectively, every learning organism needs an evaluation of the current situation and also feedback on how beneficial the results of learning were. On the most part, these evaluation mechanisms are built-in. And so we encounter a new problem: whereas creatures take appropriate measures in real time based on their evaluations, these built-in evaluation procedures are developed in evolutionary time. But all creatures need to learn of new evaluation techniques in their lifetime just as they learn the proper reactions.
This is where the ability to condition emotional reactions comes into play. Biological organisms associate innate emotional stimuli with oth |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Island%20%28video%20game%29 | The Island is a ZX Spectrum text adventure developed and released by Crystal Computing in 1983. The player is the survivor of a plane crash. The aim of the game is to find the valuable treasure and escape from the island.
Reception
"Compared to similar adventures, The Island is dull stuff with nothing out of the ordinary to recommend it.". Sinclair User
"It seems unlikely that any Spectrum owner will find it fun for more than a few minutes to play this repetitive, text-only adventure, which is filled with the programmer's inane humour". Sinclair Programs
References
External links
1980s interactive fiction
1983 video games
Europe-exclusive video games
Video games developed in the United Kingdom
Video games set on islands
ZX Spectrum games
ZX Spectrum-only games
Crystal Computing games |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikaw%20Lang%20ang%20Mamahalin | (International title: Only You / ) is a Philippine television drama romance series broadcast by GMA Network. Directed by Louie Ignacio, it stars Angelika dela Cruz. It premiered on March 26, 2001. The series concluded on November 1, 2002, with a total of 425 episodes. It was replaced by Habang Kapiling Ka in its timeslot.
A remake aired in 2011.
Cast and characters
Lead cast
Angelika dela Cruz as Katherine Morales/Mylene Fuentebella/Carmencita San Diego
Supporting cast
Sunshine Dizon as Clarissa delos Santos/Clarissa Fuentebella
Dina Bonnevie as Martina Buenaventura
Albert Martinez as Ferdinand Fuentebella
Gina Alajar as Lilian delos Santos
Cogie Domingo as Jepoy San Pedro
James Blanco as Joseph Marcelo
Eddie Gutierrez as Tony Madrigal
Alicia Alonzo as Meding Morales
Chanda Romero as Amarra Luna Fuentebella
Carmi Martin as Beatrice Madrigal
Janice Jurado as Mamu Lambana
Sherwin Ordoñez as Charles Madrigal
Gabby Eigenmann as Marc Fuentebella
Marjorie Barretto as Vanessa Fuentebella
Ana Capri as Gina Reyes
K Brosas as Flor
Mel Martinez as Finky
Isabella de Leon as Ninay San Pedro
Mia Gutierrez as Bebang San Pedro
Recurring cast
LJ Moreno as Cassandra Fuentebella
Chynna Ortaleza as Melanie Fuentebella
Richard Gutierrez as Iñigo Zeñorosa
Jaime Fabregas as Roberto Zeñorosa
Russel Simon as Doctor Ruel
Rita Avila as Corrine Martinez
Bojo Molina as Maui Marcelo
Mark Anthony Fernandez as Gabriel/Lorenzo
Raven Villanueva as Yolanda/fake Mylene
Mystica as Vera
Geneva Cruz as Melody
Patricia Javier as Aravella
Danica Sotto as Agatha Narciso
Jennifer Sevilla as Diana
Charlie Davao as Don Joaquin Narciso
Ian Veneracion as Paolo
Paolo Ballesteros as Paul
Gerard Pizzaras as Bato
Guest cast
Veka Lopez as young Katherine Morales
Empress Schuck as young Clarissa
Gary Estrada as Red Peralta
Zoren Legaspi as Pilot Perez
Tanya Garcia as Jessica
Toni Gonzaga as Maya
Trina Zuñiga as Marga
Gary Valenciano as Ricky Lopez
Michael de Mesa as Elmo
Mark Gil as Miguel
Glaiza de Castro as Marga's friend
Tricia Roman as Enok
Bembol Roco as Ruben
Beverly Salviejo as Loleng
Marky Lopez as Mike
Rez Cortez as Basil
Maureen Mauricio as Caring
Kenji Marquez as Jake
Robin da Rosa as Carlos
Ruel Vernal as Badong
Tom Olivar as Malvar
Georgina Sandico as Gigi
References
External links
2001 Philippine television series debuts
2002 Philippine television series endings
Filipino-language television shows
GMA Network drama series
Philippine romance television series
Television shows set in Manila |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasion%20of%20the%20Body%20Snatchas%21 | Invasion of the Body Snatchas! is a 1983 horizontally scrolling shooter developed and published by Crystal Computing for the ZX Spectrum. Despite its name, it has no connection to the 1956 film and 1978 film of similar names. It is a clone of the 1981 arcade video game Defender.
Reception
Sinclair User, CRASH, and ZX Computing praised the game.
References
External links
Original source code at Design Design
1983 video games
Horizontally scrolling shooters
Video game clones
Video games developed in the United Kingdom
ZX Spectrum games
ZX Spectrum-only games
Crystal Computing games |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KBLL%20%28AM%29 | KBLL (1240 AM, "Newstalk 1240") was a radio station licensed to serve Helena, Montana. The station was owned by Cherry Creek Radio. It aired a News/Talk format.
Notable syndicated programming on the station included shows hosted by Rush Limbaugh, Michael Medved, and Jerry Doyle. The station was also one of the most active in Montana for local sports broadcasting, featuring Capital high school football and basketball, plus American Legion baseball. The sports "voice" and news director was former Chicago White Sox, Bears, and Blackhawk broadcaster Jay Scott. The station was also a leader in web-streaming its sports broadcasts. In 2008, Jay Scott was presented the "Montana Newscast of the Year" award by the Montana Broadcasters Association, after two runner-up awards the previous two years. He was the runner-up for "Montana Sportscaster of the Year" in 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, and 2016.
History
The station began broadcasting in 1937 as KPFA. On November 4, 1946, the call letters were changed to KXLJ, and on March 29, 1961 were changed again to KBLL.
In April 2004, a deal was reached for KBLL to be acquired by Cherry Creek Radio from Holter Broadcasting Corp. (Jan Holter-Lambert, president) as part of a 2-station deal with a total reported sale price of $2.8 million. KBLL went ceased broadcasting on November 4, 2014 after losing its transmitter site. Its programming, as well as the programming of sister station KCAP (1340 AM), was then moved to KMTX (950 AM), which Cherry Creek Radio purchased and relaunched as a new KCAP. The KBLL license was canceled by the FCC on July 5, 2016, due to the length of time for which the station had remained silent.
References
External links
FCC Station Search Details: DKBLL (Facility ID: 27515)
FCC History Cards for KBLL (covering 1936-1980 as KPFA / KXLJ / KBLL)
BLL
Defunct radio stations in the United States
Radio stations established in 1937
1937 establishments in Montana
Radio stations disestablished in 2016
2016 disestablishments in Montana
BLL |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UsiXML | UsiXML (USer Interface eXtensible Markup Language) is an XML-based markup language for defining user interfaces on computers.
UsiXML is a specification language for user interface design. It allows the designer to describe a user interface at different levels of abstraction. In other words, you can specify a UI in terms of: functionality (task analysis), the object it manipulates, or in a more concrete way, user interface.
The UsiXML language is currently being submitted for a standardisation plan to the W3C.
Another work with the same purpose is UIML.
Tool support
There are plenty of tools that can be found for UsiXML.
They include: a translator from UsiXML specification to Flash (FlashiXML), a tool for drawing/sketching user interfaces (SketchiXML), a tool for task analysis (idealXML).
References
External links
UsiXML Project WebSite
Open standards
User interface markup languages |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server%20Name%20Indication | Server Name Indication (SNI) is an extension to the Transport Layer Security (TLS) computer networking protocol by which a client indicates which hostname it is attempting to connect to at the start of the handshaking process. The extension allows a server to present one of multiple possible certificates on the same IP address and TCP port number and hence allows multiple secure (HTTPS) websites (or any other service over TLS) to be served by the same IP address without requiring all those sites to use the same certificate. It is the conceptual equivalent to HTTP/1.1 name-based virtual hosting, but for HTTPS. This also allows a proxy to forward client traffic to the right server during TLS/SSL handshake. The desired hostname is not encrypted in the original SNI extension, so an eavesdropper can see which site is being requested. The SNI extension was specified in 2003 in .
Background of the problem
Prior to SNI, when making a TLS connection, the client had no way to specify which site it was trying to connect to. Hence, if one server hosts multiple sites on a single listener, the server has no way to know which certificate to use in the TLS protocol. In more detail, when making a TLS connection, the client requests a digital certificate from the web server. Once the server sends the certificate, the client examines it and compares the name it was trying to connect to with the name(s) included in the certificate. If a match occurs, the connection proceeds as normal. If a match is not found, the user may be warned of the discrepancy and the connection may abort as the mismatch may indicate an attempted man-in-the-middle attack. However, some applications allow the user to bypass the warning to proceed with the connection, with the user taking on the responsibility of trusting the certificate and, by extension, the connection.
However, it may be hard – or even impossible due to lack of a full list of all names in advance – to obtain a single certificate that covers all names a server will be responsible for. A server that is responsible for multiple hostnames is likely to need to present a different certificate for each name (or small group of names). It is possible to use subjectAltName to contain multiple domains controlled by one person in a single certificate. Such "unified communications certificates" must be reissued every time the list of domains changes.
Name-based virtual hosting allows multiple DNS hostnames to be hosted by a single server (usually a web server) on the same IP address. To achieve this, the server uses a hostname presented by the client as part of the protocol (for HTTP the name is presented in the host header). However, when using HTTPS, the TLS handshake happens before the server sees any HTTP headers. Therefore, it was not possible for the server to use the information in the HTTP host header to decide which certificate to present and as such only names covered by the same certificate could be served from the same IP |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rommel%27s%20Revenge | Rommel's Revenge is game programmed by Martin Horsley for the ZX Spectrum and published by Crystal Computing in 1983. Ports for the Dragon 32 and TRS-80 Color Computer were released in 1984 It is a clone of the arcade coin-op game Battlezone.
References
1983 video games
Amstrad CPC games
Cultural depictions of Erwin Rommel
ZX Spectrum games
Shoot 'em ups
Tank simulation video games
TRS-80 Color Computer games
Video game clones
Video games developed in the United Kingdom
Crystal Computing games |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet%20in%20South%20Korea | It is recorded that Kilnam Chon played a major role in the introduction of the Internet to South Korea.
Kilnam Chon said in an interview that in 1982 he started a South Korean network development project.
The first Internet message sent from South Korea to the world was done by Hyunje Park in 1990.
It is recorded that the e-mail—"I am Hyunje Park from Korea. Anyone who sees this e-mail, please reply."—sent by Hyunje Park received a reply—"I am Torben at the University of Hawaii, United States. Congratulations. You are now connected to the Internet."—soon after.
About 46 million people in South Korea (or 95.1% of the population) use the Internet. The country has the world's fastest average internet connection speed. South Korea has consistently ranked first in the UN ICT Development Index since the index's launch. The government established policies and programs that facilitated the rapid expansion and use of broadband. The country has 97.6% of the population owning a smartphone, which is the highest in the world.
National program
South Korea has the most DSL connections per capita worldwide. ADSL is standard, but VDSL has started growing quickly. ADSL commonly offers speeds of 3 Mbit/s to 8 Mbit/s, with VDSL accordingly faster. The large proportion of South Korea's population living in apartment blocks helps the spread of DSL, as does a high penetration of consumer electronics in general. Many apartment buildings in built-up metropolitan areas have speeds of up to 100 Mbit/s such as the capital Seoul and Incheon. VDSL is commonly found in newer apartments while ADSL is normally found in landed properties where the telephone exchange is far away.
The Internet has a higher status for many Koreans than it does in the West and the government actively supports this. According to the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, South Korea's internet is the most developed in the world. Seoul has been called "the bandwidth capital of the world".
ISP and IDC
There are three major ISPs: KT Corporation, SK Broadband (previously Hanaro Telecom), and LG Uplus (previously Powercomm and DACOM). They provide broadband and Internet circuit including Ethernet and operating Internet data centers in Seoul. Major MSOs are LG Hellovision, SK Broadband Cable , DLIVE, HCN and CMB.
Internet speed
As of 2017, South Korea had the fastest average internet connection in the world at 28.6 Mbit/s, according to the report State of the Internet published by Akamai Technologies. South Korea's speed is four times faster than the world average of 7.0 Mbit/s. It is important to note that 100 Mbit/s services are the average standard in urban South Korean homes and the country is rapidly rolling out 1Gbit/s connections or 1,024 Mbit/s, at $20 per month, which is roughly 142 times as fast as the world average and 79 times as fast as the average speed in the United States.
Wireless broadband
South Korea has pulled ahead of every other country when it comes to broadband In |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WXXI-FM | WXXI-FM (105.9 FM) is a non-commercial radio station in Rochester, New York, United States. It broadcasts news, talk and informational programming as a member station of National Public Radio (NPR). WXXI-FM is owned by the WXXI Public Broadcasting Council, Rochester's primary public broadcaster. The station was founded as WJZR in January 1993 by North Coast Radio, Inc., and broadcast a smooth jazz format for 29 years before it was taken silent in July 2022 upon the owner's retirement. Since May 2023, WXXI-FM has carried WXXI's news/talk service, which originates from WXXI (1370 AM).
The transmitter is on Pinnacle Hill Road off Highland Avenue in Brighton. The studios and offices are on State Street in Rochester.
North Coast Radio
In November 1988, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) designated a series of 14 applications for comparative hearing in order to determine who should be awarded a construction permit to build a new radio station on 105.9 MHz in Rochester. The commission awarded the permit to R. B. Lee Rust in December 1991. Rust was a second-generation station owner in Rochester; his father, Bill, had owned WHAM.
WJZR began broadcasting on January 22, 1993, with an eclectic jazz format. It was the second station Rust had managed with such a format, having set WGMC in Greece into the format previously in the 1990s. Rust's own personal music collection set the tone for WJZR; he categorized songs by such factors as attitude and so-called "thump". Rust also took the name North Coast Radio—which had been initially intended to refer only to the licensee—and used it as the station's overall brand instead of a set of call letters, feeling that it "makes Rochester sound more attractive, not just a cold, nondescript place". The station also set itself apart by airing no prerecorded commercials; the station's air staff read commercials live, and there were only six such ads an hour. Rapid consolidation of Rochester commercial radio stations meant that WJZR and Black-owned WDKX were the only independent outlets in the city by 1998; Rust rebuffed offers to sell his station.
By 2013, WJZR was a completely automated operation, with Rust as chief engineer, programmer, and the station's imaging voice; its commercial status made it more unusual as the number of full-time jazz outlets dwindled yet Rochester still had two stations in the format. Rust's extensive involvement in multiple facets of station operations also kept costs low. After 29 years, Rust announced he would retire and take the station silent; the last song on WJZR, played on the evening of July 10, 2022, was "In a Silent Way" by Miles Davis.
Sale to WXXI
On October 7, 2022, the WXXI Public Broadcasting Council announced it would purchase WJZR from Rust. The $1.2 million deal is structured as a $675,000 payment as well as an additional $525,000 donation by Rust to WXXI; the acquisition was completed on January 24, 2023. WXXI pledged to return the station to service in 2023 on a |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bees%20algorithm | In computer science and operations research, the bees algorithm is a population-based search algorithm which was developed by Pham, Ghanbarzadeh et al. in 2005. It mimics the food foraging behaviour of honey bee colonies. In its basic version the algorithm performs a kind of neighbourhood search combined with global search, and can be used for both combinatorial optimization and continuous optimization. The only condition for the application of the bees algorithm is that some measure of distance between the solutions is defined. The effectiveness and specific abilities of the bees algorithm have been proven in a number of studies.
Metaphor
A colony of honey bees can extend itself over long distances (over 14 km) and in multiple directions simultaneously to harvest nectar or pollen from multiple food sources (flower patches).
A small fraction of the colony constantly searches the environment looking for new flower patches. These scout bees move randomly in the area surrounding the hive, evaluating the profitability (net energy yield) of the food sources encountered. When they return to the hive, the scouts deposit the food harvested. Those individuals that found a highly profitable food source go to an area in the hive called the “dance floor”, and perform a ritual known as the waggle dance.
Through the waggle dance a scout bee communicates the location of its discovery to idle onlookers, which join in the exploitation of the flower patch. Since the length of the dance is proportional to the scout’s rating of the food source, more foragers get recruited to harvest the best rated flower patches. After dancing, the scout returns to the food source it discovered to collect more food.
As long as they are evaluated as profitable, rich food sources will be advertised by the scouts when they return to the hive. Recruited foragers may waggle dance as well, increasing the recruitment for highly rewarding flower patches. Thanks to this autocatalytic process, the bee colony is able to quickly switch the focus of the foraging effort on the most profitable flower patches.
Algorithm
The bees algorithm mimics the foraging strategy of honey bees to look for the best solution to an optimisation problem. Each candidate solution is thought of as a food source (flower), and a population (colony) of n agents (bees) is used to search the solution space. Each time an artificial bee visits a flower (lands on a solution), it evaluates its profitability (fitness).
The bees algorithm consists of an initialisation procedure and a main search cycle which is iterated for a given number T of times, or until a solution of acceptable fitness is found. Each search cycle is composed of five procedures: recruitment, local search, neighbourhood shrinking, site abandonment, and global search.
Pseudocode for the standard bees algorithm
1 for i=1,…,ns
i scout[i]=Initialise_scout()
ii flower_patch[i]=Initialise_flower_patch(scout[i])
2 do until stop |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FBus | Fbus (for "Fast Bus") is an ANSI/IEEE data bus protocol oriented towards backplanes and cell phones. The standard specifies a way for various pieces of electronic hardware to communicate, typically with one piece acting as master (sending a request), and another acting as a slave (returning an answer). The FBus is a bi-directional full-duplex serial type bus running at 115,200 bit/s, 8 data bits, no parity, one stop bit (8N1). Much like a standard RS-232 serial port, FBus connections use one pin for data transmit, one pin for data receive and one pin for ground.
The Fast Bus standard specifies completely the size, power requirements, signalling levels, and communications protocols for boards that live in a Fast Bus crate, which is also a part of the specification.
Fbus was developed by Nokia as an improved replacement of the Mbus, which is only half-duplex and transfers at a slower speed of 9600 bit/s.
Interfacing with a cell phone
The Fast Bus connection on a cell phone can be interfaced with an RS-232 serial port by building a custom cable.
References
Computer buses
Nokia |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western%20Hemisphere%20Shorebird%20Reserve%20Network | The Western Hemisphere Shorebird Reserve Network (WHSRN) is a conservation strategy targeting shorebirds in the Americas launched in 1985. Its aim is to protect the nesting, breeding and staging habitats of migratory shorebirds. The first site to be classified was Delaware Bay, which was dedicated in May 1986 as a site of Hemispheric Importance.
Sites in the Western Hemisphere Shorebird Reserve Network may also be classified as Important Bird Areas, Ramsar wetlands of international importance, or both.
There are three possible classifications for sites in the network. Landscapes are always classified as being of Hemispheric Importance.
Hemispheric Importance
sites that act as staging, nesting or breeding grounds for at least 500,000 shorebirds annually, or at least 30% of the biogeographic population of any species.
International Importance
sites that act as staging, nesting or breeding grounds for at least 100,000 shorebirds annually, or at least 10% of the biogeographic population of any species
Regional Importance
sites that act as staging, nesting or breeding grounds for at least 20,000 shorebirds annually, or at least 1% of the biogeographic population of any species
References
Migratory birds (Western Hemisphere)
Bird conservation |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WCIT-FM | WCIT-FM (106.3 MHz) is a radio station broadcasting Family Life Network's contemporary Christian music format. Licensed to Oneida, New York, United States, the station serves central New York with an emphasis on Madison and Oneida counties.
History
The former WMCR-FM flipped from classic hits to Family Life Network's contemporary Christian music format in March 2016, with a call sign change on April 6, 2016, to WCIT-FM.
References
External links
Radio stations established in 1972
1972 establishments in New York (state)
CIT-FM |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet%20in%20Cuba | The internet in Cuba covers telecommunications in Cuba including the Cuban grassroots wireless community network and Internet censorship in Cuba.
Since its introduction in the late 1990s, Cuban Internet has stalled because of lack of funding, tight government restrictions, and the U.S. embargo, especially the Torricelli Act. Starting in 2007 this situation began to slowly improve, with 3G data services rolling out island-wide in 2018, and 4G since 2019, albeit through a government-monitored network. On July 29, 2019, Cuba legalized private WiFi in homes and businesses, although one must obtain a permit to have access. According to website DataReportal, in 2022, 68% of the Cuban population had access to the Internet.
History
In September 1996, Cuba's first connection to the Internet, a 64 Kbit/s link to Sprint in the United States, was established. After this initial introduction, the expansion of Internet access in Cuba stagnated. Despite a lack of consensus on the specific reasons, the following appear to be major factors:
Lack of funding, owing to the poor state of the Cuban economy after the fall of the Soviet Union and the Cuban government's fear that foreign investment would undermine national sovereignty (in other words, foreign investors putting Cuba up for sale).
The U.S. embargo, which delayed construction of an undersea cable, and made computers, routers, and other equipment prohibitively expensive and therefore difficult to obtain.
According to Boris Moreno Cordoves, Deputy Minister of Informatics and Communications, the Torricelli Act (part of the United States embargo against Cuba) identified the telecommunications sector as a tool for subversion of the 1959 Cuban Revolution, and the necessary technology has been conditioned by counter-revolutionaries. The internet is also seen as essential for Cuba’s economic development.
In 2009, President Obama announced that the United States would allow American companies to provide Internet service to Cuba, and U.S. regulations were modified to encourage communication links with Cuba. The Cuban government rejected the offer, however, preferring to work instead with the Venezuelan government. In 2009 a U.S. company, TeleCuba Communications, Inc., was granted a license to install an undersea cable between Key West, Florida and Havana, although political considerations on both sides prevented the venture from moving forward.
About 30 percent of the population (3 million users, 79th in the world) had access to the internet in 2012. Internet connections are through satellite leading the cost of accessing the internet to be high. Private ownership of a computer or cell phone required a difficult-to-obtain government permit until 2008. When buying computers was legalized in 2008, the private ownership of computers in Cuba soared—there were 630,000 computers available on the island in 2008, a 23% increase over 2007). Owing to limited bandwidth, authorities gave preference to use from locations |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet%20in%20Laos | The Internet in Laos was first introduced in 1997, with the two commercial ISP services starting in 1999, specifically PlaNet Computers and GlobeNet. These services supported a rapid growth of internet cafes across the country to service tourists, which incidentally introduced the internet to many English speaking Lao nationals. The introduction of mobile broadband has significantly increased the use of the Internet in Laos since 2008.
Status
Internet users: 707,871 users, 125th in the world; 10.7% of the population, 169th in the world (2012).
Fixed broadband: 96,291 subscribers, 101st in the world; 1.5% of the population, 134th in the world (2012).
Mobile broadband: 50,648 subscribers, 124th in the world; 0.8% of the population, 134th in the world (2012).
Facebook: 150,000 subscribers (2012).
Internet hosts: 1,532, 166th in the world (2012).
IPv4: 54,784 addresses allocated, 0% of the worldwide total, 8.3 addresses per 1000 people (2012).
Top level domain: .la
On 4 July 2013, The Lao Ministry of Post and Telecommunication's National Internet Center announced that it had launched the Lao Computer Emergency Response Team (LaoCERT), a branch of government focused on battling cyber crime.
Local operators
In 2008 two operators, Lao Telecom and Unitel, were granted 3G licenses. Another two licenses were issued to ETL and Beeline in 2011. In 2012, the main ways to access Internet in Laos are:
3G (up to 21 Mbps HSPA+)
ADSL (up to 2 Mbps)
WiMAX (up to 10 Mbps)
4G was introduced in 2015, and a new licensed ISP Lao Champa Internet.
Censorship and surveillance
Laos is included in the OpenNet Initiative (ONI) Regional Overview for Asia (2009). ONI found no evidence of Internet filtering in the political, social, conflict/security, and tools areas based on testing performed in 2011.
The government controls domestic Internet servers and sporadically monitors Internet usage, but by the end of 2012 it apparently did not have the ability to block access to Web sites. Authorities have developed infrastructure to route all Internet traffic through a single gateway, enabling them to monitor and restrict content. However, they apparently had not utilized this increased capability as of the end of 2012. The National Internet Committee under the Prime Minister's Office administers the Internet system. The office requires Internet service providers to submit quarterly reports and link their gateways to facilitate monitoring, but the government's enforcement capability appears limited.
The law generally protects privacy, including that of mail, telephone, and electronic correspondence, but the government reportedly continues to violate these legal protections when there is a perceived security threat. The law prohibits unlawful searches and seizures. While the law requires that police obtain search authorization from a prosecutor or a panel of judges, police do not always obtain prior approval, especially in rural areas. Security laws allow the go |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector%20field%20reconstruction | Vector field reconstruction is a method of creating a vector field from experimental or computer generated data, usually with the goal of finding a differential equation model of the system.
A differential equation model is one that describes the value of dependent variables as they evolve in time or space by giving equations involving those variables and their derivatives with respect to some independent variables, usually time and/or space. An ordinary differential equation is one in which the system's dependent variables are functions of only one independent variable. Many physical, chemical, biological and electrical systems are well described by ordinary differential equations. Frequently we assume a system is governed by differential equations, but we do not have exact knowledge of the influence of various factors on the state of the system. For instance, we may have an electrical circuit that in theory is described by a system of ordinary differential equations, but due to the tolerance of resistors, variations of the supply voltage or interference from outside influences we do not know the exact parameters of the system. For some systems, especially those that support chaos, a small change in parameter values can cause a large change in the behavior of the system, so an accurate model is extremely important. Therefore, it may be necessary to construct more exact differential equations by building them up based on the actual system performance rather than a theoretical model. Ideally, one would measure all the dynamical variables involved over an extended period of time, using many different initial conditions, then build or fine tune a differential equation model based on these measurements.
In some cases we may not even know enough about the processes involved in a system to even formulate a model. In other cases, we may have access to only one dynamical variable for our measurements, i.e., we have a scalar time series. If we only have a scalar time series, we need to use the method of time delay embedding or derivative coordinates to get a large enough set of dynamical variables to describe the system.
In a nutshell, once we have a set of measurements of the system state over some period of time, we find the derivatives of these measurements, which gives us a local vector field, then determine a global vector field consistent with this local field. This is usually done by a least squares fit to the derivative data.
Formulation
In the best possible case, one has data streams of measurements of all the system variables, equally spaced in time, say
s1(t), s2(t), ... , sk(t)
for
t = t1, t2,..., tn,
beginning at several different initial conditions. Then the task of finding a vector field, and thus a differential equation model consists of fitting functions, for instance, a cubic spline, to the data to obtain a set of continuous time functions
x1(t), x2(t), ... , xk(t),
computing time derivatives dx1/dt, dx2/dt,...,dxk/dt of the |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed%20Wilson | Ed Wilson is an American media executive. He has been President of Chicago-based Tribune Broadcasting and has held top-level executive roles with Fox Television Network, NBC Enterprises and CBS Enterprises.
Wilson sits on the Board of the USO and the Board of Trustees at Southern Methodist University as well as the Cox School of Business. He is also a member of the Arkansas Entertainers Hall of Fame.
Life
Wilson was born and raised in Rison, Arkansas, and graduated from the University of Arkansas with a BS/BA in Finance. His career began in 1980 as a Sales Trainee for Viacom. Wilson later worked for KATV, Channel 7 in Little Rock as a sales manager.
Career
In the early 1990s, Ed Wilson was a sales executive at Columbia TriStar Television Distribution specializing in syndication. He befriended colleague Bob Cook, and together, they helped syndicate Ricki Lake and Seinfeld off-network. In 1994, Wilson and Cook struck a partnership with station group A. H. Belo, opening up their own syndication studio, MaXaM Entertainment.
Despite being a small distribution company, MaXam was geared towards handling off-network sales for the major studios. In MaXam's first season, the studio distributed a talk show called “J & I,” weekend series “PSI Factor: Chronicles of the Paranormal,” “Extremists” with volleyball star Gabriel Reece and a Hall of Fame movie package on the Hallmark Channel. At the end of 1995, A. H. Belo executives initiated the sale of MaXam to CBS that would finalize in January 1996.
In 1994, Wilson founded his own syndication company, MaXaM Entertainment, in partnership with A.H. Belo Corp. The company was sold to CBS in January 1996 at which time Wilson was named president and chief operating officer of CBS Enterprises and Entertainment. Domestic and international sales of CBS network programming, as well as production of original programming for syndication and cable were Wilson’s responsibilities.
On February 11, 1996, CBS hired Wilson to create and helm CBS Enterprises and Entertainment as president and chief operating officer. In addition to directing the domestic and international sales of CBS network programming, he was responsible for production of original programming for syndication and cable. In July, 2000, Wilson opted not to renew his contract with CBS and to pursue other opportunities.
After leaving CBS Enterprises, Wilson was hired by NBC in September 2000 to create and helm NBC Enterprises, a distribution and syndication branch of NBC. Wilson's four years at NBC included overseeing global distribution (including foreign and domestic syndication), marketing ancillary products such as home video, merchandising, licensing, music and publishing, as well as directing domestic and international co-productions and co-ventures. In light of a pending merger with Universal Television, He left NBC in 2004 to become president of FOX Television Network.
Wilson served as president of the Fox Television Network from 2004 to 2008. In |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet%20in%20Thailand | Thailand's connection to the Internet began in 1987 via the Australian Research and Edcuation Network using UUCP and SUNIII which tranformed to full TCP/IP in 1992 to UUNET. This marked Thailand as an early participant in bringing the Internet to Asia.
As of 2021, Thailand has made significant progress, with an 85% internet penetration rate and according to Ookla's insight in November 2022, Thailand ranked the forth in the world for the fastest fixed broadband internet, with the median download speed of 205.63 Mbps. This places Thailand right behind Chile, China, and Singapore.
The majority of broadband internet access uses Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) and VDSL. Some areas are covered by cable modems (using Docsis), G.shdsl and fibre to the home (FTTH). Consumer broadband internet bandwidth ranges from 10 Mbit/s to 300 Mbit/s (Up to 1 Gbit/s in Bangkok, Chiang Mai, Pattaya, Phuket). Medium and large businesses use leased lines or Ethernet Internet/MPLS where fiber optic cables link many office buildings in the central business district areas such as Bangkok's Sukhumvit, Silom, and Sathorn areas to the Thailand internet backbone.
A 3G UMTS/HSDPA network was launched in Bangkok and vicinity in December 2009 with speeds up to 7.2 Mbit/s on the 2100 MHz band. In late-2011, Telephone Organization of Thailand released 3G on HSPA+ technology covering all areas in Bangkok with speeds up to 42 Mbit/s. Major mobile network operators in Thailand also have released their 3G services at around the same time on the 850 MHz and 900 MHz bands with the same technology and connection speed. FTTH with speeds up to 1 Gbit/s is available in limited areas in major cities, including Bangkok, Phuket, and Chiang Mai. 5G Cellular services were offered by AIS and True Move starting in 2020.
Thailand saw a rapid growth in the number of broadband users in 2005 with the initiation of unmetered broadband in 2004. There are 3,399,000 (2012) internet hosts in Thailand, the highest in Southeast Asia.
A 2013 study found that Thais spend an average of 16 hours on the internet per week.
Internet domain names
Country code top-level Domain (ccTLD): .th
Second Level Domains
.ac for academic institutions
.co for commercial companies
.in for individuals or any others (from 2002)
.go for governmental organizations
.mi for military organizations
.or for registered non-profit organizations
.net for officially registered internet service providers
Internet backbones
International and domestic bandwidth
, Thailand had 12,317,648 Mbit/s international bandwidth and 8,666,005 Mbit/s domestic bandwidth.
Demand for international bandwidth has increased dramatically due to the popularity of social networking services such as YouTube, Twitter, Facebook and increased number of broadband internet subscribers.
International gateways (IP transit)
There are 10 international internet gateway operators in Thailand.
True Corporation and Shin Corporation were granted Type |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RELP | Residual-excited linear prediction
Reliable Event Logging Protocol for data logging in computer networks
Real Estate Limited Partnership
Real Estate Lenders Policy
Regenerating protein-like protein
Real-e-live-People
Rassemblement des Étudiants Libanais à Paris
Relationship Pattern |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/59th%20Primetime%20Creative%20Arts%20Emmy%20Awards | The 59th Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards honored the best in artistic and technical achievement in American prime time television programming from June 1, 2006, until May 31, 2007, as chosen by the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences. The awards were presented on September 8, 2007, in a ceremony hosted by Carlos Mencia at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles, California. The ceremony was broadcast by E! on September 15, preceding the 59th Primetime Emmy Awards on September 16. A total of 80 Creative Arts Emmys were presented across 66 categories.
Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee received five wins from 11 nominations, leading all programs in both wins and nominations. Planet Earth and Tony Bennett: An American Classic tied for the second-most awards with four each, followed by Jane Eyre, Rome, and When the Levees Broke: A Requiem in Four Acts with three each. The 60th Annual Tony Awards, Ghosts of Abu Ghraib, Kathy Griffin: My Life on the D-List, A Lion in the House, Nick News with Linda Ellerbee, Planet Earth, South Park, When the Levees Broke, and Where's Lazlo? won Emmys in their respective overall program fields. HBO was the most-recognized network, receiving 15 awards from 53 nominations.
Winners and nominees
Winners are listed first, highlighted in boldface, and indicated with a double dagger (‡). Sections are based upon the categories listed in the 2006–2007 Emmy rules and procedures. Area awards and juried awards are denoted next to the category names as applicable. For simplicity, producers who received nominations for program awards have been omitted.
Programs
Performing
Animation
{| class="wikitable"
|+
|-
| style="vertical-align:top;" |
Avatar: The Last Airbender: "Lake Laogai" – Sang-Jin Kim (Nickelodeon) Billy & Mandy's Big Boogey Adventure (The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy) – Phil Rynda (Cartoon Network) Camp Lazlo: "Squirrel Secrets" – Sue Mondt (Cartoon Network) Class of 3000: "Eddie's Money" – David Colman (Cartoon Network) Eloise: "Me, Eloise" – James McDermott (Starz Kids & Family) Family Guy: "No Chris Left Behind" – Steve Fonti (Fox) Good Wilt Hunting (Foster's Home for Imaginary Friends) – Dave Dunnet (Cartoon Network) Moral Orel: "The Lord's Prayer" – Sihanouk Mariona (Cartoon Network) My Gym Partner's a Monkey: "The Big Field Trip" – Narina Sokolova (Cartoon Network) Robot Chicken: "Lust for Puppets" – Thomas Smith (Cartoon Network)|}
Art Direction
{| class="wikitable"
|+
|-
| style="vertical-align:top;" width="50%" |
How I Met Your Mother: "Aldrin Justice" / "Something Borrowed" / "Something Blue" – Steve Olson and Susan Eschelbach (CBS) The Class: "Pilot" – Glenda Rovello and Peter Gurski (CBS)
| style="vertical-align:top;" width="50%" |
Rome: "Heroes of the Republic" / "Philippi" / "Deus Impeditio Esuritori Nullus" – Joseph Bennett, Anthony Pratt, Carlo Serafini, and Cristina Onori (HBO) Deadwood: "Tell Your God to Ready for Blood" / "True Colors" / "Amateur Night" – Maria Caso, David Potts, and E |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bush%20Doctors | Bush Doctors is a seven-part Australian reality television series centred on the lives of a medical team at a rural hospital in Dubbo, New South Wales. It debuted on the Seven Network on 3 February 2008 and was narrated by All Saints star Jolene Anderson.
This was her last show on channel 7 and she moved to Channel 10 to star in Rush.
References
External links
Seven Network original programming
Australian medical television series
Australian factual television series
Television shows set in New South Wales
2008 Australian television series debuts
2008 Australian television series endings |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathmakers | Mathmakers was a Canadian educational children's television series produced from 1978 to 1980 by the province of Ontario's public television network, TVOntario. The series starred Derek McGrath and Lyn Harvey.
Producer/Director Clive Vanderburgh, Production Assistant Jane Downey and Brian Elston, Editor.
The premise is set in a television studio where the production crew produces an educational series illustrating various concepts of grade school mathematics.
External links
A fan site dedicated to classic TVO children's shows of the 1970s
1970s Canadian children's television series
Canadian children's education television series
TVO original programming
Television shows filmed in Toronto
Mathematics education television series |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faith%20branding | Faith branding is the concept of branding religious organizations, leaders, or media programming, in the hope of penetrating a media-driven, consumer-oriented culture more effectively. Faith branding treats faith as a product and attempts to apply the principles of marketing in order to "sell" the product. Faith branding is a response to the challenge that religious organizations and leaders face regarding how to express their faith in a media-dominated culture.
References
Sources
Ministry Today: The Art of Branding
Further reading
Types of branding |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foundations%20of%20statistics | Statistics concerns the collection, organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of data, used to solve practical problems and draw conclusions. When analyzing data, the approaches used can lead to different conclusions on the same data. For example, weather forecasts often vary among different forecasting agencies that use different algorithms and techniques. Conclusions drawn from statistical analysis often involve uncertainty as they represent the probability of an event occurring. For instance, a weather forecast indicating a 90% probability of rain means it will likely rain, while a 5% probability means it is unlikely to rain. The actual outcome, whether it rains or not, can only be determined after the event.
Statistics is also fundamental to disciplines of science that involve predicting or classifying events based on a large set of data. It is an integral part of machine learning, bioinformatics, genomics, economics, and more.
Statistics focuses on the quantitative characteristics of numerous repeatable phenomena. This is because certain conclusions in some fields are difficult to express with certainty, unlike mathematical formulas or theorems. For instance, it is commonly believed that taller parents are more likely to have taller children. However, it's important to note that individual parent-child pairings can deviate from these expectations, with the child potentially exceeding or falling short of the anticipated height based on their parents' stature. Randomness plays a role in height variations, influenced by factors like genetics, living environment, diet, habits, and other variables. Nevertheless, taller parents are generally more likely to have taller children. Height can vary to a degree, exhibiting randomness, but the overall stability of average height suggests the presence of a statistical rule. Therefore, statistics also encompasses the study of identifying statistical laws.
The foundations of statistics involve the epistemological debate, describing how inductive inference from data should be conducted. Statistical inference addresses various issues, including Bayesian inference versus frequentist inference; the distinction between Fisher's "significance testing" and Neyman-Pearson "hypothesis testing"; and whether the likelihood principle should be followed.
Some of these issues have been subject to unresolved debate for up to two centuries.
Bandyopadhyay & Forster describe four statistical paradigms: classical statistics (or error statistics), Bayesian statistics, likelihood-based statistics, and the use of the Akaike Information Criterion as a statistical basis. More recently, Judea Pearl reintroduced a formal mathematics for attributing causality in statistical systems that addresses fundamental limitations of both bayesian and Neyman-Pearson methods.
Leonard J. Savage's text, Foundations of Statistics, states:
Fisher's "significance testing" vs. Neyman–Pearson "hypothesis testing"
During the second |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro%20Mondego | The Metro Mondego, part of the mass transit public transport system of Coimbra, Portugal, was to have been a light-rail network that runs above ground in Coimbra into the city's suburbs. Studies and planning were in progress but the Metro Mondego project was cancelled in January 2011 at the height of Portuguese financial crisis. The operational conventional rail line connecting the municipalities of: Coimbra, Miranda do Corvo, Lousã, and Serpins was closed at the same time and replaced by a bus service.
A major part of the plan was to rejoin the isolated section of rail line between the stations of Coimbra - Parque and Serpins to the rest of the rail network at Coimbra and Coimbra - B station. This would have involved street running along Avenida Ermidio Navarro and Avenida da Lousã between the two existing stations of Coimbra and Coimbra - Parque.
There was a single un-electrified track along that street section used once a day for a scheduled train. It was also used to transfer rolling stock to and from the Coimbra - Parque station. Travelling north, the trains ran in the opposite direction to road traffic along a one-way street. The track embedded in the street is still intact; however, the Coimbra-Parque station was demolished in March 2022, and by that time, the rails in the other sections of the track had been lifted.
There is some local agitation to have the Serpins aspect of the project restarted as there is dissatisfication with the replacement bus service; current plans see the replacement of the railway with a bus rapid transit service,
Stations
The system would have had two lines with several stations:
Line A: Coimbra-B - Hospital
Line B: Coimbra-B - Serpins along the line of the old railway.
Line A
Coimbra B (train connections to Porto, Lisbon, Guarda, Figueira da Foz)
Açude
Inês de Castro
Aeminium
Arnado
Câmara (City Hall)
Mercado
Praça da República
Universidade (University)
Sereia (Parque de Santa Cruz)
Celas
Hospital
Line B
Coimbra B
Açude
Inês de Castro
Aeminium
Portagem
Parque (near Mondego River)
Rainha Santa
Arregaça
Norton Matos
São José
Solum (near Estádio Cidade de Coimbra)
Vale das Flores
Carvalhosas
Quinta da Fonte
Conraria
Ceira
Vale de Açor
Tremoa
Moinhos
Lobazes
Miranda do Corvo
Corvo
Padrão
Meiral
Lousã - A
Lousã
Espirito Santo
Serpins
External links
metromondego.pt - official site
Buildings and structures in Coimbra
Light rail in Portugal |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KJJR | KJJR (880 AM, "News Talk 880") is a radio station licensed to serve Whitefish, Montana, United States. The station is owned by Bee Broadcasting, Inc. It airs a news/talk format.
Original programming when it first went on the air at 1400 khz on Valentine's Day in 1979 included top 40 and oldies mixed in with country gold. Morning man Larry Heinrich, Program Director Dave Shannon, owner Benny Bee, and evening personality Jerry Mann were the main air personalities, with Jeff Bolstad doing the news. KJJR's call letters were picked because Shannon liked KJR in Seattle. Out of the original disc jockeys, he is the only air personality who is still alive as of 2023. He is retired and living in the Wolf point area. Later came syndicated talk shows hosted by Dan Bongino, Sean Hannity, Mark Levin, Michael Savage, Ben Shapiro, Joe Pags, and Bill Cunningham.
All Bee Broadcasting stations are based at 2431 Highway 2 East, Kalispell, Montana. The station was assigned the KJJR call letters by the Federal Communications Commission. 880 AM is a United States clear-channel frequency on which WCBS in New York, New York, is the dominant and only Class A station.
References
External links
FCC history cards for KJJR
KJJR official website
JJR
News and talk radio stations in the United States
Radio stations established in 1979
1979 establishments in Montana |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMedicor | The iMedicor Web portal, which went live on October 10, 2007, is online personal health data exchange and secure messaging portal for physician collaboration, community and referrals. iMedicor reached its 32,000th physician registration on December 12, 2007. It has been discussed in such journals as Healthcare Informatics, Advance for Health Information Professionals, Virtual Medical Worlds, and Highway Hypodermics among others and received positive review by the Internet journal Medgadget.
The portal's HIPAA-compliant technology and ability to enable health providers to exchange medical record data, documentation and images distinguish it from chat-room-style portals for the medical community. The launch of iMedicor's portal coincides with the entrance of Microsoft's Healthvault and Google Health into the personal health record space.
Some of iMedicor's partner associations include the Association of Black Cardiologists (ABC), the American Society for Hypertension (ASH), and the Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Association (HCA).
References
iMedicor Announces Agreement With eRx Network - Thursday, December 06, 2007; Posted: 09:00 AM
January 14, 2008, 09:06 AM Eastern Time - American Society of Hypertension Partners with iMedicor - Online Medical Portal Tapped to Help Expand Hypertension Initiative
External links
iMedicor
Vemics Inc.
American medical websites
Telemedicine |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SimPort | SimPort-MV2 is a computer-supported construction and management simulation game that mimics the processes involved in planning, equipping and exploiting the Second Maasvlakte (MV2) in the Port of Rotterdam. The Second Maasvlakte is a port expansion project to be situated on newly reclaimed land adjacent to the existing port area.
The simulation/serious game is primarily for staff of the Port of Rotterdam, but with its emphasis on strategy, project management and teamwork, it is appropriate for others as well, such as students and (young) professionals as part of their education or training courses. The game requires no specific prior knowledge of sea ports or of the Maasvlakte.
A serious challenge
The object of the simulation is to build the Second Maasvlakte. Specifically, they must individually and collectively make the appropriate planning and implementation decisions to lead to a workable design and exploitation of the Second Maasvlakte over a 30-year period.
Gameplay
The game is played in teams. Collectively, the game's management team (3-6 people) from the Port of Rotterdam possesses virtually all of the responsibilities and competencies to plan, coordinate and implement the decisions necessary to build, equip and exploit the MV2 in the coming years.
The management team works under the supervision of the General Director and is also made up of one or more directors from the Commercial Department and the Infrastructure and Management Department. Each of the three roles has the use of a laptop.
Players use the laptops to input their decisions into the game. Thus, two (or more) persons can play one role together, though this means they will use the same laptop. To make it easier to look up information during the game, each team is also given a reference document containing all of the customer and strategy information.
All decisions that are physically possible (in the simulation) and within legal and ethical boundaries are implemented immediately. Players wanting to confer with parties not actively represented in the game — for example, a minister — can direct their questions to the game leader who, if possible, will take on the role for a short time.
Technical details
SimPort was developed from scratch in Java. All parameters are stored in XML files. The 3D environment is rendered using OpenGL, bound to Java using JMonkeyEngine.
SimPort currently only features the module "Maasvlakte 2", but due to the modular design it will also be possible to create new modules for new ports.
References
Further reading
"The serious game SimPort: overcoming technical hurdles in educational gaming" by Warmerdam J, Knepflé M, Bekebrede G, Mayer I and Bidarra R (2007)
"SimPort: a multiplayer management game framework" by Warmerdam J, Knepflé M, Bidarra R, Bekebrede G and Mayer I (2006)
"How serious are serious games? Some lessons from Infra-games." by Bekebrede, G, Mayer, IS, Houten, SPA van, Chin, RTH & Verbraeck, A (2005)
External links
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geo-replication | Geo-replication systems are designed to provide improved availability and disaster tolerance by using geographically distributed data centers. This is intended to improve the response time for applications such as web portals. Geo-replication can be achieved using software, hardware or a combination of the two.
Software
Geo-replication software is a network performance-enhancing technology that is designed to provide improved access to portal or intranet content for uses at the most remote parts of large organizations. It is based on the principle of storing complete replicas of portal content on local servers, and then keeping the content on those servers up-to-date using heavily compressed data updates.
Portal acceleration
Geo-replication technologies are used to provide replication of the content of portals, intranets, web applications, content and data between servers, across wide area networks WAN to allow users at remote sites to access central content at LAN speeds.
Geo-replication software can improve the performance of data networks that suffer limited bandwidth, latency and periodic disconnection. Terabytes of data can be replicated over a wide area network, giving remote sites faster access to web applications.
Geo-replication software uses a combination of data compression and content caching technologies. differencing technologies can also be employed to reduce the volume of data that has to be transmitted to keep portal content accurate across all servers. This update compression can reduce the load that portal traffic place on networks, and improve the response time of a portal.
Portal replication
Remote users of web portals and collaboration environments will frequently experience network bandwidth and latency problems which will slow down their experience of opening and closing files, and otherwise interacting with the portal. Geo-replication technology is deployed to accelerate the remote end user portal performance to be equivalent to that experienced by users locally accessing the portal in the central office.
Differencing engine technologies
To deliver this reduction in the size of the required data updates across a portal, geo-replication systems often use differencing engine technologies. These systems are able to difference the content of each portal server right down to the byte level. This knowledge of the content that is already on each server enables the system to rebuild any changes to the content on one server, across each of the other servers in the deployment from content already hosted on those other servers. This type of differencing system ensures that no content, at the byte level, is ever sent to a server twice.
Offline portal replication on laptops
Geo-replication systems are often extended to deliver local replication beyond the server and down to the laptop used by a single user. Server to laptop replication enables mobile users to have access to a local replica of their business portal on a st |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epic%20%28Malta%29 | Epic Communications Limited (formerly Vodafone Malta Limited) is a Maltese mobile network operator, and the second largest mobile network in Malta by number of customers. The company offers a full range of Voice, SMS and mobile Data services over 2G, 3G, 4G and 4G+ networks. The company adopted the current brand name in November 2020 after its acquisition by Monaco Telecom.
History
Telecell Limited was established in 1989 as the first mobile network provider in Malta. The first call was made on the Telecell network in 1990 whilst the first GSM call was made in 1997. Vodafone Malta's international gateway was launched in 2004 making it the first company in Malta to offer resilience and backup on international connectivity to the local business community. The international gateway spans approximately 250 km between Malta and Catania carrying three main types of traffic: Internet, Voice and Data. During August 2006, Vodafone was the first mobile network operator to deploy 3G followed by the launch of HSDPA for high speed data transmission in December 2006. In June 2007, Vodafone Malta launched fixed broadband based on WiMax technologies.
In 2008, Vodafone opened its Mobile Network to Virtual Network Operators. This was made possible through an agreement with ASPIDER Solutions. One of the virtual operators using the Vodafone network is Redtouch Fone. In 2010, Vodafone added another first when it announced the launch of an even faster mobile data service with nationwide download speeds of 14.4Mbit/s. In 2012, another first for Malta was launched by Vodafone. The new 21.6Mbit/s HSPA capability was launched live across all of Vodafone's coverage area. Vodafone started also rolling out the very latest 42Mbit/s capability across key areas and high traffic sites on its network. Vodafone Malta announced its roll out of a 4G network in October 2013. It is the first mobile operator in Malta with an operating 4G network and in June 2017 Vodafone Malta has announced 4G+.
In 2017, Vodafone became the first network to introduce superfast 4.5G to the Maltese islands, making it the country's fastest network. The new technology allows for the downloading of data at unprecedented speeds – 33 per cent faster than any other network available in Malta and Gozo – at 300Mbit/s.
In October 2018, Vodafone Malta introduced NB-IoT (narrow band IoT) to Malta bringing the next generation IoT technology to the local market.
On 19 December 2019, Vodafone Group Plc announced that it has entered into an agreement to sell 100% of Vodafone Malta to Monaco Telecom SAM for a cash consideration equivalent to an Enterprise Value of €250 million; the sale was accomplished on 31 March 2020.
On November 17, 2020, the company changed its name into Epic Malta (stylised 'epic'), and announced that it would be the first company in Malta that would not rely on lock-in contracts.
Head Office
Epic Communications Limited's head office is located in SkyParks Business Centre, at the Malta Int |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KZYP%20%28AM%29 | KZYP (1310 AM) is a radio station licensed to serve Malvern, Arkansas, United States. The station, which began broadcasting in 1951, is currently owned by Arkansas Rocks Radio Stations Network. It was owned by Noalmark Broadcasting Corporation until 2014.
Until 2015, KBOK/KZYP broadcast a classic country format. After losing ratings to US Stations, LLC's 104.5 The Bull, KZYP changed their format to regional Mexican. On July 7, 2016, KZYP went silent. On February 13, 2017, KZYP went back on the air with a sports radio format. On April 29, 2017, KZYP went silent again.
The station was assigned the KBOK call sign by the Federal Communications Commission. The station changed to the current KZYP call sign on June 1, 2014.
Former logos
References
External links
ZYP
Radio stations established in 1951
Hot Spring County, Arkansas
ZYP
1951 establishments in Arkansas
Classic rock radio stations in the United States |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WrestleRock%2086 | WrestleRock was a professional wrestling supercard event promoted by the American Wrestling Association (AWA). In June 2016 the event was added to the WWE Network.
Background
The event was held at the Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome in Minneapolis, Minnesota on Sunday April 20, 1986. The card was heavily promoted for months during weekly television programming. Although not as ambitious as the WWF's WrestleMania 2, the show was a reasonable success, drawing more fans than both of Jim Crockett Promotions' Crockett Cup shows combined.
WrestleRock would prove to be the final stadium show for the AWA.
WrestleRock Rumble
The promotions for the show included a music video shot in Las Vegas entitled the "WrestleRock Rumble" in a vein similar to "The Super Bowl Shuffle" from 1985. It featured different AWA talent "rapping" verses, including 60-year-old Verne Gagne reading his verse off a sheet. The video was parodied by the WWE online comedy show Are You Serious?, with co-host Road Dogg calling Nick Bockwinkel the best rapper of the bunch. It was then parodied as the "WrestleMania Rumble", featuring Brodus Clay, Yoshi Tatsu, Santino Marella and Puppet H doing rap verses to promote WrestleMania XXVIII.
Results
References
1986 in professional wrestling
American Wrestling Association shows
Events in Minneapolis
1986 in Minnesota
Professional wrestling in Minneapolis |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meikyuu%20Jiin%20Dababa | is a 1987 action game by Konami for the Family Computer Disk System. It was only released in Japan.
External links
Game info from Atari HQ
Konami games
1987 video games
Famicom Disk System games
Famicom Disk System-only games
Japan-exclusive video games
Video games based on Hindu mythology
Video games scored by Kiyohiro Sada
Video games set in India
Video games developed in Japan |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reference%20and%20User%20Services%20Association%20awards | The Reference and User Services Association (RUSA), is a network to educate, empower, and inspire its members to advance the evolution of the profession and better serve users in a continuously changing information society. It is a Division of the American Library Association.
RUSA recognizes outstanding professional contributions in reference librarianship and its many specialties with annual achievement awards.
It also recognizes books and media with major annual awards. Awards are selected by RUSA's Collection Development and Evaluation Section (CODES) Committees.
These include "Notable Books for Adults," selected by the RUSA Notable Books Council since 1944.
Recent RUSA Achievement Awards
2023 Awards
Division Level
Isadore Gilbert Mudge Award to an individual who has made a distinguished contribution to reference librarianship. Jennifer C. Boettcher.
John Sessions Memorial Award recognizes a library or library system which has made a significant effort to work with the labor community. Princeton University Industrial Relations Library.
RUSA Award for Excellence in Reference and Adult Library Services. Rebecca Clarke.
Gail Schlachter Memorial Research Grant. Christina Plakas.
Exceptional Service Award to patients, home bound, people in group homes, inmates. Willetta M. Grady.
Business Reference and Services Section (BRASS)
Excellence in Business Librarianship. Hal P. Kirkwood.
Collection Development and Evaluation Section (CODES)
Louis Shores Award recognizes an individual reviewer, group, editor, review medium, or organization for excellence in book reviewing and other media for libraries. Diana Tixier Herald.
Emerging Technologies Section (ETS)
ETS Achievement Award. Shannon Jones.
History Section (HS)
History Research and Innovation Award. Whitney Thompson.
Reference Services Section (RSS)
Sharing and Transforming Access to Resources Section (STARS)
Virginia Boucher Distinguished ILL (Interlibrary Loan) Librarian Award. Jalesia Horton.
Recent RUSA Book and Media Awards
2023 Awards
Andrew Carnegie Medals for Excellence in Fiction and Nonfiction
The Andrew Carnegie Medals for Excellence in Fiction and Nonfiction supported by the Carnegie Corporation of New York. It is administered by the American Library Association. The Reference and User Services Association (RUSA) and Booklist cosponsor the awards. Selection is by three former members of the RUSA CODES Notable Books Council and editors from Booklist.
Fiction. Julie Otsuka. The Swimmers. (Alfred A. Knopf, a division of Penguin Random House LLC).
Non-Fiction. Ed Yong. An Immense World: How Animal Senses Reveal the Hidden Realms Around Us. (Random House, a division of Penguin Random House LLC)
Notable Books Fiction
Bhanoo, Sindya. Seeking Fortune Elsewhere. (Catapult).
Brooks, Geraldine. Horse. (Viking, an imprint of Penguin Random House, LLC).
Diaz, Hernan. Trust. (Riverhead Books, an imprint of Penguin Random House LLC).
Fofana, Sidik. Stories From The Tenants Down |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WEFL | WEFL (760 AM "Deportes 760") is a commercial radio station licensed to Tequesta, Florida, and serving the West Palm Beach area. It has a Spanish-language sports radio format, with most programming supplied by the TUDN Radio Network. The station is owned by Good Karma Brands.
By day, WEFL is powered at 3,000 watts. Because 760 AM is a clear channel frequency reserved for Class A WJR Detroit, WEFL must reduce power at night to 1,500 watts to avoid interference. It uses a directional antenna at all times, with a three-tower array. The transmitter is off Island Way in Jupiter, Florida, near the Florida Turnpike (Interstate 95).
History
The station went on the air as WBDO on June 22, 1998.
On February 27, 2001, the station changed its call sign to the current WEFL.
On September 8, 2019, ESPN Deportes Radio flipped to TUDN Radio.
References
External links
ESPN Deportes 760 Online
EFL
Radio stations established in 1998
Spanish-language radio stations in Florida
Sports radio stations in the United States
1998 establishments in Florida |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coahuila%20Radio | Coahuila Radio is the state radio network of the Mexican state of Coahuila, broadcasting on 16 transmitters in the state. Radio Coahuila's studios are located in the capital city of Saltillo, in a state office building on Periférico Luis Echeverría, alongside the Saltillo transmitter.
History
The state received the permits for the 16 stations on November 29, 2000. XHSOC in Saltillo began transmitting on March 26, 2001; the signal is fed to the other transmitters by satellite. The network has gone through several different names; at one point, it was known as Radio Gente.
The state network was constituted as a separate government agency on February 28, 2014. On March 8, 2019, by decree, the name of the agency was changed from Radio Coahuila to Coahuila Radio y Televisión in anticipation of the construction and launch of XHPBSA-TDT 17 in Saltillo.
Transmitters
16 transmitters provide Coahuila Radio service to the state's populated areas. Most of the network's transmitters are located at state-run technical and secondary schools, with the notable exceptions of Parras de la Fuente, Saltillo and Torreón.
References
Radio stations in Coahuila
Mass media in Saltillo
Mass media in Torreón
Radio stations in the Comarca Lagunera
Cuatrociénegas Municipality
Public radio in Mexico
Government of Coahuila |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XHPCH | Two stations in Mexico have had the callsign XHPCH. Both are part of state radio and television services:
XHPCH-FM in Parras de la Fuente, Coahuila, part of the Radio Coahuila state network
XHPCH-TV in Pichucalco, Chiapas, former Canal 10 Chiapas transmitter |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escape%20to%20Chimp%20Eden | Escape to Chimp Eden is a television series broadcast on the Animal Planet network that premiered on February 8, 2008. The series examines the rescue of abused and neglected chimpanzees.
History
In Escape to Chimp Eden, Eugene Cussons rescues and rehabilitates abused chimpanzees in South Africa. The Animal Planet show was created by Triosphere and Creative Differences.
Featured chimpanzees
Between Seasons 1 and 2, Abu and Guida died. Guida died in the episode The Rise and Fall of Guida due to syndrome, suffering complications from congestive heart failure. Abu's death was aired in the previous episode.
See also
Animal rights
Animal rescue (disambiguation)
Animal sanctuary
Animal welfare
Cruelty to animals
References
External links
TV Week: "Chimps Find Eden on Animal Planet". Jon Lafayette. January 16, 2008. Retrieved January 30, 2008.
JGI Chimpanzee Eden website
Documentary films about nature
Animal Planet original programming
2008 American television series debuts
2009 American television series endings
Television shows about chimpanzees |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DLD | DLD can refer to:
Data Retention Directive in Norwegian (Datalagringsdirektivet)
Democratic League of Dardania, a political party in Kosovo
Demon Lord Dante, an anime and manga series
Deutsche Linux-Distribution (German Linux Distribution), a Linux distribution produced from 1992 to 1999
Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase
Digital Life Design, a conference network
DLD (software), a library package for the C programming language that performs dynamic link editing
Geilo Airport, Dagali, IATA code DLD
Developmental language disorder
, Mexican rock band |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brian%20Drebber | Brian Drebber (July 27, 1950 – August 23, 2018) was an American sports commentator who was employed by the television network Speed before his death in August 2018.
Career
Drebber was born in Guam, Mariana Islands. Since 1978, he was a play-by-play, analyst, reporter, writer, and producer, covering eight Olympic, Pan American and Goodwill Games as well as world championships in 25 different sports including, aerobics, drag boat racing, curling, cycling, and Nordic events, for TNT, ESPN, ABC, CBS, and PBS.
He last broadcast AMA Superbike Championship, ARCA RE/MAX Series Racing, USAR Hooters Pro Cup, and Bike Week for Speed.
Drebber got his start as a broadcaster and sports reporter by providing commentary over the public address system at the Trexlertown Velodrome in the mid-1970s. As a rider there, his nickname was "Dribbles". It was soon discovered that he was a far better announcer than rider and his announcing style quickly became very popular at Trexlertown, because he knew the sport and the riders very well and had a keen sense of humor.
Death
Drebber died on August 23, 2018, in Canton, Georgia, en route to the airport, when his motorcycle struck a deer. He was 68. He was engaged to fiancée Mara Yetter and had a daughter Robin Drebber and Granddaughter Kylie von Drebber as well as sister Donna.
References
1950 births
2018 deaths
American reporters and correspondents
American sports announcers
Curling broadcasters
Guamanian journalists
Motorsport announcers
Olympic Games broadcasters
Motorcycle road incident deaths
Road incident deaths in Georgia (U.S. state) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyber%20Storm | Cyber Storm may refer to:
Computing and military
Cyber Storm, an annual cyber security competition at Louisiana Tech University
Cyber Storm Exercise, a 2006 American military exercise
CyberStorm PPC, a PowerPC based upgrade card PowerUP for the Amiga
Arts and entertainment
Cyberstorm (novel), a 2013 book published by Matthew Mather
MissionForce: CyberStorm, a 1996 video game
CyberStorm 2: Corporate Wars a 1998 sequel |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTC%20Iris | The HTC S640 (a.k.a. The HTC Iris) is a smartphone manufactured by High Tech Computer Corporation exclusively for Telus clients.
Availability
As of October 2007, the phone has been offered exclusively from Telus.
See also
High Tech Computer Corporation, a Taiwan-based manufacturer of handheld devices
External links
Official HTC Site
Telus S640 Spec Sheet
References
Iris
Windows Mobile Standard devices |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC%20Sport | ABC Sport is the name given to the Australian Broadcasting Corporation's sport programming broadcasts on ABC Television and ABC Radio. From November 2020 the brand includes the former ABC Radio Grandstand.
Since 2021, ABC Sport is a section of the ABC News website (part of ABC Online). , ABC Sport has no sports rights.
Television
Past
Sports news programs
The program Offsiders is first broadcast on ABC on Sunday mornings and reviews and debates the previous week's action. ABC News has Grandstand TV hosted by Peter Wilkins on weeknights at 5:30 pm.
Radio
ABC Sport also hold the radio rights to several Australian and international sporting events, including Australian Football League, National Rugby League, A-League, Olympics, Australian international cricket games and selected Ford Ranger One-Day Cup games, amongst other major sporting events.
Staff and commentators
Victorian Football League
Past
Darrem Boyd (Commentator)
Peter Donegan (Commentator)
Peter Marcato (Commentator)
David Lithgow (Commentator)
David Rhys-Jones (Commentator)
Phil Cleary (Expert Commentator/Boundary Commentator, 1991–2014)
Gary Ayres
Peta Searle
Ed Lower
Gerald Fitzgerald
Andy Collins
Rob Waters (Commentators)
Ross Booth (Boundary Commentator)
See also
Seven Sport
Nine's Wide World of Sports
10 Sport
SBS Sport
Fox Sports (Australia)
List of Australian television series
List of longest running Australian television series
Sports broadcasting contracts in Australia
References
External links
Official Site
Corporate Site
Australian Broadcasting Corporation
1956 establishments in Australia
Australian Broadcasting Corporation divisions
Sports divisions of TV channels |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literate%20environment | A literate environment may include written materials (newspapers, books and posters), electronic and broadcast media (radios and TVs) and information and communications technology (phones, computers and Internet access), which encourage literacy acquisition, a reading culture, improved literacy retention and access to information.
Literate environments can be found in both public and private spheres, including home, school, workplace, local community, and the nation as a whole. Developing rich literate environments therefore includes language policies, book publishing, media, and access to information and reading materials.
A rich literate environment is essential for encouraging individuals to become literate and sustain and integrate their newly acquired skills in their everyday lives. The social and cultural environments in which people live and work can be characterized as being either more or less supportive of the acquisition and practice of literacy. In certain developing country contexts, the lack of written material in whatever form is a serious constraint on the practice of literacy.
Self-directed learning
Sudbury schools
Sudbury Valley School claims that in their school there are plentiful ways to learn to read, and that students rarely ask staff for help.
Unschooling
Carlo Ricci, Professor of Education and editor of the Journal of Unschooling and Alternative Learning, asserts that kids will become motivated to read because they live in a literate environment.
References
Educational environment
Educational psychology
Literacy
ar:اختبار خطي سريع |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asianet%20News | Asianet News is an Indian Malayalam language free to air news channel operated by Asianet News Network a subsidiary of Jupiter Entertainment Ventures. The channel is based in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. Asianet News is currently one of the market leaders in the Malayalam television news sector.
Malayalam general entertainment channels, Asianet, Asianet Plus, and Asianet Movies, are owned by Disney Star, a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company India. It presently has no connections with Asianet News Network channels.
History
The Asianet channel company and Asianet cable company were promoted by Dr. Raji Menon.
Initially Dr. Raji Menon owned 90% stake. 5% stake was with Mr Raghu Nandan (Dr Menon’ elder brother). Mr Sashi Kumar was a paid employee of Asianet and Dr Menon's nephew, whom Dr. Raji Menon gifted 5% stake first, increased to 26% and then to 45% stake later at Sashi kumar's request. Dr. Raji Menon bought back the shares earlier gifted to Mr Sashikumar in 1999 at an agreed price, and took over full control of Asianet
In the absence of bank financing 50% stake of the cable networking company was sold to Raheja Group.
Asianet Communications was the first entertainment television company in Malayalam.
Origins
Asianet Communications was toying with the idea of a news channel - there was none in Malayalam - for a long time. It was with this intention that Asianet Global - their second channel - was launched in June 2001. The channel was targeting the huge expatriate Malayali population in the Middle East and Europe. However, as it turned out, there were very few news-based programmes in the channel and most of it later gave way to film-based entertainment programmes.
With Asianet Global not fetching returns, the management decided to go in for an entertainment channel called "Asianet Plus" and terminate Asianet Global. Midway through the launching and wind up process, there was a rethink and the concept of a news channel was revived. It was initially reported in the media that the a news channel will be launched by December 2002. The channel was expected have news programmes in the evenings after which there would be a variety of entertainment programmes. Hourly news bulletins were also expected. Asianet Global was eventually renamed as "Asianet News" on 1 May 2003. Company MD K. Madhavan told the media that the entire channel had also been restructured in the process.
The Era of Rajiv Chandrasekhar
Chandrasekhar was a Bangalore-based businessman of Kerala origin. In late 2006 Dr. Raji Menon partially pulled out of Asianet turning over control to Chandrasekhar. At the time, Asianet was the leader amongst the Malayalam channels accounting for 35% of Kerala's total advertisement market.
Chandrasekhar had acquired a 51% stake in the Asianet channels (Asianet, Asianet News, and Asianet Plus) through Jupiter Entertainment Ventures (JEV) in October 2006. While there was no official word from Asianet on the size of the investment, the figu |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Railways%20in%20Plymouth | The network of railways in Plymouth, Devon, England, was developed by companies affiliated to two competing railways, the Great Western Railway and the London and South Western Railway. At their height two main lines and three branch lines served 28 stations in the Plymouth area, but today just six stations remain in use.
History
The first uses of railway in the area were wooden rails used during the construction of docks facilities. Some were in use in the Naval Dockyard in 1724, and in 1756 John Smeaton laid some more to help move materials in his workyard on the mainland which was preparing stonework for the Eddystone Lighthouse. In 1812 John Rennie laid a gauge metal tramway to help with the construction of the Plymouth Breakwater; rails were laid in the quarry at Oreston and on the breakwater, and loaded wagons were conveyed between the two on ships.
A more conventional tramway was opened on 26 September 1823. The Plymouth and Dartmoor Railway ran from Princetown to Sutton Harbour and the Cattewater. Branches were opened to Cann Quarry in 1829 and to Plympton in 1834, followed by the Lee Moor Tramway in 1854. Haulage on these lines in Plymouth was always by horses and the Lee Moor line remained in use until 1960.
Broad gauge lines
The first main line railway to arrive was the South Devon Railway (SDR), which brought its line from Exeter to a temporary terminus as Laira on 5 May 1848. The line was a broad gauge line backed by the Great Western Railway (GWR) and was completed to Millbay on 4 April 1849, although it had originally been conceived that the terminus would be on the high ground at Eldad. A siding into the Plymouth Great Western Docks was opened from Millbay station in 1850.
The SDR was authorised by Act of Parliament to construct a branch from Millbay to Devonport which would have been more convenient for the naval dockyards but instead the powers were transferred to the Cornwall Railway (CR). This was another broad gauge line which was originally designed to cross the River Tamar on the Torpoint Ferry but these plans were thrown out by Parliament and so Isambard Kingdom Brunel designed the Royal Albert Bridge to carry the line instead. Construction was protracted due to a lack of finance but the railway eventually opened on 4 May 1859.
The South Devon and Tavistock Railway (SD&TR) was opened a few weeks later on 22 June 1859 and was extended by another company to Launceston on 1 July 1865. In 1867 a short branch was laid from the CR at Keyham to connect with the rail system in the Naval Dockyard, where permanent rails had been in use since at least 1860.
The SD&TR was amalgamated with the SDR on 1 July 1865, and the SDR in turn was amalgamated with the GWR on 1 February 1876. The CR, however, remained nominally independent of the GWR until 1 July 1889 although the GWR already held a large number of shares.
London & South Western
The standard gauge London and South Western Railway (LSWR) arrived in Plymouth on 18 May 18 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VIBOT | VIBOT is an abbreviation of VIsion and RoBOTics. It is a 2-year European Masters in Computer Vision and Robotics course, conducted by Heriot-Watt University in Edinburgh, Scotland, Universitat de Girona in Girona, Spain and Université de Bourgogne in Le Creusot, France. It started in 2006 as part of the European Commission's Erasmus Mundus programme.
Introduction
VIBOT is a two-year Master Program in 3D Vision and Robotics accredited in 2006 by the European Commission in the framework of the Erasmus Mundus program, a co-operation and mobility program of the European Commission in the field of higher education in order to promote the European Union as a centre of excellence in learning around the world. It is the only Erasmus Mundus Master Program in 3D Vision and Robotics among the 103 Erasmus Mundus Master Programs accredited since 2004 in all disciplines.
VIBOT Master students have courses in the three collaborating universities: Université de Bourgogne in France, University of Girona in Spain and Heriot-Watt University in Scotland. They spend one semester in each of these three universities and the fourth semester in training. The admission of the brightest students from all over the world, some of whom were already working in companies, allows to create an international and mobile educated workforce of high level for the European community.
VIBOT Master courses are given by faculties and visiting professors who belong to well-known research laboratories that have long-standing reputation for high quality research. The courses start from a comprehensive coverage of the prerequisites in the field of digital imaging (hardware and software) and basic image processing algorithms, and end up with research level teaching of their applications in the fields of robotics, medical imaging and 3D vision systems. The close location of research laboratories on campus allows the faculties to involve students at all stages of research and offer them many opportunities to participate in state-of-the-art research work.
Course structure
The Masters Course is divided in four semesters, each having a value of 30 ECTS. All the courses are taught in English in the three partner universities. However, the order in which the students attend the universities has changed from the first generation to the second generation of the program. Irrespective of the generation, the last semester consists of a training period, which is an introduction to research carried out in one of the laboratories of the (wider) network.
First generation
The so-called VIBOT first generation comprises the first five promotions of the program (promotions starting from 2006 to 2010). For this primer generation, the mobility order was the following: Scotland, Spain, France.
The first semester was carried out on the campus of Heriot Watt University in Scotland (UK). Its constituting modules covered an introduction to signal and image processing, as well as the key related area of artific |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jetstream%20%28TV%20series%29 | Jetstream is a 2008 documentary television series produced by Paperny Films for the network Discovery Channel Canada. The series totals 8 episodes and premiered on January 8, 2008. The series was narrated by Canadian actor Kavan Smith.
Seven of the eight pilots are graduates of the Royal Military College of Canada:
21810 Capt. Michael (Mike) "Floater" M.R. Lewis (RMC ‘00)
21955 Capt. Riel "Guns" K. Erickson (RMC ‘01);
22537 Capt. Yannick "Blow" Jobin (RMC ‘03);
22542 Capt. Tristan "T-bag" Mckee (RMC ‘03);
22715 Capt. Timothy (Tim) "Nail'n" B. Coffin (RMC ‘03);
22821 Lt. Dave "Tickler" McLeod (RMC ‘04);
22848 Capt. Shamus "Carney" T. Allen (RMC ‘04)
The series was released on DVD in 2008.
Synopsis
Jetstream follows eight pilots training with the Royal Canadian Air Force to fly one of the most advanced supersonic tactical fighter jets in the world—the CF-18 Hornet at CFB Cold Lake, Alberta. They train under the 410 Tactical Fighter Training Squadron.
Episodes
DVD
Jetstream was released on DVD in 2008. The DVD box set includes all eight episodes of the series, over 20 minutes of bonus footage, and a preview for the TV series Combat School.
Footnotes
External links
Official page for Jetstream at Paperny Films site
Official Jetstream site
Toronto Star article about Peterborough, Ontario baby named after Captain Riel Erickson
2008 Canadian television series debuts
2008 Canadian television series endings
2000s Canadian reality television series
Discovery Channel (Canada) original programming
Documentary television series about aviation
English-language television shows |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequentist%20inference | Frequentist inference is a type of statistical inference based in frequentist probability, which treats “probability” in equivalent terms to “frequency” and draws conclusions from sample-data by means of emphasizing the frequency or proportion of findings in the data. Frequentist-inference underlies frequentist statistics, in which the well-established methodologies of statistical hypothesis testing and confidence intervals are founded.
History of frequentist statistics
The primary formulation of frequentism stems from the presumption that statistics could be perceived to have been a probabilistic frequency. This view was primarily developed by Ronald Fisher and the team of Jerzy Neyman and Egon Pearson. Ronald Fisher contributed to frequentist statistics by developing the frequentist concept of "significance testing", which is the study of the significance of a measure of a statistic when compared to the hypothesis. Neyman-Pearson extended Fisher's ideas to multiple hypotheses by conjecturing that the ratio of probabilities of hypotheses when maximizing the difference between the two hypotheses leads to a maximization of exceeding a given p-value, and also provides the basis of type I and type II errors. For more, see the foundations of statistics page.
Definition
For statistical inference, the statistic about which we want to make inferences is , where the random vector is a function of an unknown parameter, . The parameter is further partitioned into (), where is the parameter of interest, and is the nuisance parameter. For concreteness, might be the population mean, , and the nuisance parameter the standard deviation of the population mean, .
Thus, statistical inference is concerned with the expectation of random vector , .
To construct areas of uncertainty in frequentist inference, a pivot is used which defines the area around that can be used to provide an interval to estimate uncertainty. The pivot is a probability such that for a pivot, , which is a function, that is strictly increasing in , where is a random vector. This allows that, for some 0 < < 1, we can define , which is the probability that the pivot function is less than some well-defined value. This implies , where is a upper limit for . Note that is a range of outcomes that define a one-sided limit for , and that is a two-sided limit for , when we want to estimate a range of outcomes where may occur. This rigorously defines the confidence interval, which is the range of outcomes about which we can make statistical inferences.
Fisherian reduction and Neyman-Pearson operational criteria
Two complementary concepts in frequentist inference are the Fisherian reduction and the Neyman-Pearson operational criteria. Together these concepts illustrate a way of constructing frequentist intervals that define the limits for . The Fisherian reduction is a method of determining the interval within which the true value of may lie, while the Neyman-Pearson operational cr |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KEPX | KEPX is a Spanish language Christian radio station based in Eagle Pass, Texas. The World Radio Network radio station broadcasts at 89.5 MHz with an ERP of 52,000 Watts.
FM Translator
An FM translator extends coverage of KEPX into the Del Rio, Texas area.
External links
KEPX official website
Radio stations established in 1994
EPX
EPX |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinomics | Clinomics is the study of -omics data along with its associated clinical data. The term -omics generally refers to a study of biology. As an example, genomics is the study of the entire genome of an organism and was the first -omics term.
As personalized medicine advances, clinomics will be a bridge between basic biological data and its effect on human health. As an example, there have been studies of the genes expressed in certain cancer tissues as a way of classification of the cancer and the putative best form of treatment.
Already we know that certain genes such as BRCA1 are associated with a higher probability of developing breast cancer. Clinomics takes the next step by looking at not only the genetics of the patient, but also such data as mRNA, metabolites, and proteins associated with a patient and a disease.
References
Genomics |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%2016-bit%20computer%20color%20palettes | This is a list of notable RGB hardware color palettes used on 16-bit computers, which were primarily manufactured from 1985 to 1995. Due to mixed-bit architectures, the n-bit distinction is not always a strict categorization.
{|
| Sample image
| Color test chart
| 12-bit, 4096-color palette
| 15-bit, 32768-color palette
|-
|
|
|
|
|}
Atari
ST series
The Atari ST series has a digital-to-analog converter of 3-bits, eight levels per RGB channel, featuring a 9-bit RGB palette (512 colors).
Depending on the (proprietary) monitor type attached, it displays one of the 320×200, 16-colors and 640×200, 4-colors modes with the color monitor, or the high resolution 640×400 black and white mode with the monochrome monitor.
{|
|2 colors
|4 colors
|16 colors
|-
|
|
|
|}
2-color mode color values:
{| class="wikitable" style="color: white;"
|-
| style="color:white; background:black; width:8.5pc;"| 0 – black
| style="color:black; background:white; width:8.5pc;"| 1 – [user-defined]
|}
The STE series has a digital-to-analog converter of 4-bits, sixteen levels per RGB channel, featuring a 12-bit RGB palette (4096 colors) (similar to the Commodore Amiga).
Commodore
Amiga OCS
The Original Chip Set (OCS) of the Commodore Amiga features a 12-bit RGB, 4,096-color palette. As the Amiga Copper programmable graphics coprocessor is capable of changing color lookup table entries on the fly during display, in practice the number of distinct colors visible on-screen may exceed static color lookup table sizes documented here.
5-bit
The picture is divided in a series of bit planes, between 1 and 6 for horizontal resolutions of 320 (or up to 384 with overscan), and between 1 and 4 for horizontal resolutions of 640 (or up to 768 with overscan). For either horizontal resolution, the vertical resolution is either 200 (or up to 240 with overscan), or 400 (or up to 480 with overscan) if interlaced, for NTSC-compatible video modes; or 256 (or up to 288 with overscan), or 512 (or up to 576 with overscan) if interlaced, for PAL-compatible video modes. The color lookup table has up to 32 entries. So the different indexed color modes are from 1 to 5 bits pixel depth, 2-, 4-, 8-, 16- or 32-color out of 4,096.
{|
|2 colors
|4 colors
|8 colors
|16 colors
|32 colors
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|}
6-bit
When the sixth bit-plane is used, two extra color modes can be set: Extra Half-Brite (EHB) and Hold-And-Modify (HAM).
In the EHB mode, when the sixth bit is set to on for any given pixel, the display hardware halves the brightness of said pixel. This allows the Amiga to display 64 colors instead of the standard 32, with the caveat being that the 32 extra colors cannot be arbitrarily selected, and must be darker versions of those already being displayed on screen
In the HAM mode, the two higher bits of the 6-bits pixels are used as a four state command. Three of the states changes only the red, green or blue component of the pixel respect of the precedent in the scan line, and hold the other two |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WBHU | WBHU (105.5 FM, "Beach 105.5") is a radio station broadcasting an adult hits format. Previously, it aired an oldies music format as part of the True Oldies Channel network. Other previous formats included hot country (as WJQR), rhythmic oldies and smooth jazz.
Licensed to St. Augustine Beach, Florida, United States, the station serves the Jacksonville, Florida, area. The station is currently owned by James Martin, through licensee Flagler Broadcasting, LLC.
History
WJQR signed on as "Hot Country 105.5 WJQR" with Jacksonville personality and former WZAZ station owner Mark Majors as morning host. The rest of the day was automated with the Hot Country radio service. At the time, WJQR was owned by Ken & Eileen Stein along with its co-owned sister station WAOC (1420 AM).
Both stations were sold in 1999 with the FM station switching from modern country to Groovin' Oldies with the WYGV call sign. WYGV simulcast with its new sister station WXGV (105.3 FM) in Fernandina Beach, Florida.
On March 21, 2003, the callsign was changed again to WSJF as both stations flipped to a smooth jazz format.
WSJF's smooth jazz format lasted until 2008 and then had several formats between 2008 and 2011: rhythmic AC, oldies, talk, Spanish tropical and adult alternative.
On May 16, 2011, WSJF changed callsigns to WYRE-FM and introduced a hot adult contemporary format, branded as "The Wire". On September 30, 2014, WYRE-FM changed its call letters to WALE; on October 2, it shifted to adult rock, branded as "105.5 The Whale". On November 4, 2014, WALE dropped the "105.5 The Whale" branding and became "105.5 WALE", before relaunching as "Beach 105.5". Flagler Broadcasting, which purchased the station for $400,000, changed the station's callsign from WALE to WBHU to match this branding on December 22, 2014; the company already uses the "Beach" branding on WBHQ (92.7 FM) in Beverly Beach.
References
External links
WBHU's website
WJQR's old website on the Wayback Machine
BHU
1995 establishments in Florida
Radio stations established in 1995
Adult hits radio stations in the United States |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%208-bit%20computer%20hardware%20graphics | This is a list of notable 8-bit computer color palettes, and graphics, which were primarily manufactured from 1975 to 1985. Although some of them use RGB palettes, more commonly they have 4, 16 or more color palettes that are not bit nor level combinations of RGB primaries, but fixed ROM/circuitry colors selected by the manufacturer. Due to mixed-bit architectures, the n-bit distinction is not always a strict categorization. Another error is assuming that a computer's color palette represents what it can show all at once. Resolution is also a crucial aspect when criticizing an 8-bit computer, as many offer different modes with different amounts of colors on screen, and different resolutions, with the intent of trading off resolution for color, and vice versa.
{|
| Sample image
| Color test chart
| 3-bit, 8-color palette
| 6-bit, 64-color palette
|-
|
|
|
|
|}
3-bit RGB palettes
Systems with a 3-bit RGB palette use 1 bit for each of the red, green and blue color components. That is, each component is either "on" or "off" with no intermediate states. This results in an 8-color palette ((21)3 == 23 == 8) that have black, white, the three RGB primary colors red, green and blue and their correspondent complementary colors cyan, magenta and yellow as follows:
{|
|Sample image
|Palette coverage
|Color indexes
|-
|
|
|
|}
The color indices vary between implementations; therefore, index numbers are not given. A common selection has 3 bits (from LSB to MSB) directly representing the 'Red', 'Green' and 'Blue' (RGB) components in a number from 0 to 7. An alternate arrangement uses the bit order 'Blue', 'Red', 'Green' (BRG), such that the resultant palette - in numerical order - represents an increasing level of intensity on a monochrome display.
The 3-bit RGB palette is used by:
The ECMA-48 standard for text terminals (sometimes known as the "ANSI standard", although ANSI X3.64 does not define colors)
Teletext Level 1/1.5 Teletext.
Videotex
Oric
BBC Micro
The original NEC PC-8801 up to the MkII
The original NEC PC-9801 with original 8086 CPU before the VM/VX models
All Sharp X1 models before the X1 Turbo Z
The Sharp MZ 700
Fujitsu FM-7, FM New 7, FM 77 before the FM77AV
Sinclair QL
The Macintosh SE with a color printer or external monitor
The SECAM version of the Atari 2600
The Color Maximite, a PIC32 based microcomputer
The Thomson TO7 (with spatial constraints - only 2 colours for each group of 8x1 pixels)
The Matra Alice 32 and 90
The Philips VG5000
Specific details about implementation and actual graphical capabilities of specific systems, are listed on the next sub-sections.
World System Teletext Level 1
World System Teletext Level 1 (1976) uses a 3-bit RGB, 8-color palette. Teletext has 40×25 characters per page of which the first row is reserved for a page header. Every character cell has a background color and a text color. These attributes along with others are set through control codes which each occupy one character position. |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KDBV | KDBV (980 AM) was a radio station in Salinas, California, United States. It was owned by Centro Cristiano Vida Abundante and aired Spanish-language Christian programming from its Radio Vida Abundante service.
History
Allen C. Bigham, Jr., received a construction permit for a new daytime-only radio station to broadcast in Salinas on August 28, 1962. Bigham had previously been a disc jockey for KDON in Salinas under the name "Johnny Dark". Programming began on July 17, 1963, with Bigham itself as one of the air staff. The original call letters were KCTY, and the station called itself "The Sound of Your City".
The new radio station faced an existential threat just three years after signing on when the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) designated its license renewal for hearing for violations including an unauthorized transfer of control, illegal broadcast of a lottery, and falsifying logs. In late 1967, hearing examiner Basil Cooper proposed renewal of the license for a short term of one year and a $10,000 fine against KCTY, then its statutory maximum. Cooper admonished Bigham for his "cavalier attitude of assuming everything is all right [at the station] while he stayed in bed", with either him or his engineer at times being too lazy to sign the station on each day.
After the short-term license renewal was granted, Bigham sold KCTY to JECO, a company controlled by James E. Coyle, for $256,000. Coyle specialized in Spanish-language media and had been involved with two Spanish-language radio stations in the Los Angeles area—a good fit for KCTY, which had now become a Spanish-language station. Coyle grew the operation by buying the inoperative KERR-FM 103.9, which had been silent in 1973, and returning it to the air as KCTY-FM, which soon after became KRAY-FM. KCTY played more traditional music than the FM station, and it was also successful in the general market owing to the large Hispanic population in the area: in the fall of 1979, it was the second-rated station in the Arbitron market.
Both stations were hit in 1980 by a strike among disc jockeys that started when Frances Graciela Chávez, known on air as "Chela", was fired by management for allegedly hoarding some of KCTY-KRAY's record library. Six of nine DJs walked out, and finding replacements proved difficult. Even general manager Marty Kline, who was not a fluent Spanish speaker, was pressed into service to spin records on the late night shift. In an interview published in The Salinas Californian, Kline made negative comments about the United Farm Workers union that led to secretaries joining the walkout and a retraction of the statements.
Coyle sold ownership stakes in his broadcast interests to R & B Management Services and Robert L. Williams in the 1970s; by 1978, just Williams and Coyle were owners. Williams continued to own KCTY and KRAY, along with later startup KLXM, which were sold as a unit to Z Spanish Radio Network in 1999 for $4.5 million. Most of Z Spanish was purchase |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20software%20palettes | This is a list of software palettes used by computers. Systems that use a 4-bit or 8-bit pixel depth can display up to 16 or 256 colors simultaneously. Many personal computers in the early 1990s displayed at most 256 different colors, freely selected by software (either by the user or by a program) from their wider hardware's RGB color palette.
Usual selections of colors in limited subsets (generally 16 or 256) of the full palette includes some RGB level arrangements commonly used with the 8-bit palettes as master palettes or universal palettes (i.e., palettes for multipurpose uses).
These are some representative software palettes, but any selection can be made in such of systems.
For specific hardware color palettes, see the List of monochrome and RGB palettes, List of 8-bit computer hardware graphics, the List of 16-bit computer hardware graphics and the List of video game console palettes articles.
Each palette is represented by an array of color patches. A one-pixel size version appears below each palette, to make it easy to compare palette sizes.
For each unique palette, an image color test chart and sample image (truecolor original follows) rendered with that palette (without dithering) are given. The test chart shows the full 8-bit, 256 levels of the red, green, and blue (RGB) primary colors and cyan, magenta, and yellow complementary colors, along with a full 8-bit, 256 levels grayscale. Gradients of RGB intermediate colors (orange, lime green, sea green, sky blue, violet and fuchsia), and a full hue spectrum are also present. Color charts are not gamma corrected.
{| style="border-style: none" border="0" cellpadding="0"
|-
||
||
|}
These elements illustrate the color depth and distribution of the colors of any given palette, and the sample image indicates how the color selection of such palettes could represent real-life images.
System specifics
These are selections of colors officially employed as system palettes in some popular operating systems for personal computers that support 8-bit displays.
Microsoft Windows and IBM OS/2 default 16-color palette
{|
|-
||
||
|}
Used by these platforms as a roughly backward compatible palette for the CGA, EGA and VGA text modes, but with colors arranged in a different order. Also is the default palette for 16 color icons.
The corresponding indices into this palette are:
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: none" border="1" cellpadding="5"
|- style="color:white;"
| style="background:#000;"| 0 — black
| style="background:gray;"| 8 — gray
|- style="color:white;"
| style="background:maroon;"| 1 — maroon
| style="background:#f00;"| 9 — red
|- style="color:white;"
| style="background:green;"| 2 — green
| style="background:#0f0;"| 10 — lime
|-
| style="color:white; background:olive;"| 3 — olive
| style="color:black; background:#ff0;"| 11 — yellow
|- style="color:white;"
| style="background:navy;"| 4 — navy
| style="background:#00f;"| 12 — blue
|- style="color:white;"
| style="b |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library%20of%20Efficient%20Data%20types%20and%20Algorithms | The Library of Efficient Data types and Algorithms (LEDA) is a proprietarily-licensed software library providing C++ implementations of a broad variety of algorithms for graph theory and computational geometry. It was originally developed by the Max Planck Institute for Informatics Saarbrücken. Since 2001, LEDA is further developed and distributed by the Algorithmic Solutions Software GmbH.
LEDA is available as Free, Research, and Professional edition. The Free edition is freeware, with source code access available for purchase. The Research and Professional editions require payment of licensing fees for any use. Since October 2017, LEDA graph algorithms are also available for Java development environment.
Technical details
Data types
Numerical representations
LEDA provides four additional numerical representations alongside those built-in to C++: integer, rational, bigfloat, and real:
LEDA's integer type offers an improvement over the built-in int datatype by eliminating the problem of overflow at the cost of unbounded memory usage for increasingly large numbers.
It follows that LEDA's rational type has the same resistance to overflow because it is based directly on the mathematical definition of rational as the quotient of two integers.
The bigfloat type improves on the C++ floating-point types by allowing for mantissa to be set to an arbitrary level of precision instead of following the IEEE standard.
LEDA's real type allows for precise representations of real numbers, and can be used to compute the sign of a radical expression.
Error checking
LEDA makes use of certifying algorithms to demonstrate that the results of a function are mathematically correct. In addition to the input and output of a function, LEDA computes a third "witness" value which can be used as an input to checker programs to validate the output of the function. LEDA's checker programs were developed in Simpl, an imperative programming language, and validated using Isabelle/HOL, a software tool for checking the correctness of mathematical proofs.
The nature of a witness value often depends on the type of mathematical calculation being performed. For LEDA's planarity testing function, If the graph is planar, a combinatorial embedding is produced as a witness. If not, a Kuratowski subgraph is returned. These values can then be passed directly to checker functions to confirm their validity. A developer only needs to understand the inner-workings of these checker functions to be confident that the result is correct, which greatly reduces the learning curve compared to gaining a full understanding of LEDA's planarity testing algorithm.
Use cases
LEDA is useful in the field of computational geometry due to its support for exact representations of real numbers via the leda_real datatype. This provides an advantage in accuracy over floating-point arithmetic. For example, calculations involving radicals are considerably more accurate when computed using leda_real. Algori |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20monochrome%20and%20RGB%20color%20formats | This list of monochrome and RGB palettes includes generic repertoires of colors (color palettes) to produce black-and-white and RGB color pictures by a computer's display hardware. RGB is the most common method to produce colors for displays; so these complete RGB color repertoires have every possible combination of R-G-B triplets within any given maximum number of levels per component.
Each palette is represented by a series of color patches. When the number of colors is low, a 1-pixel-size version of the palette appears below it, for easily comparing relative palette sizes. Huge palettes are given directly in one-color-per-pixel color patches.
For each unique palette, an image color test chart and sample image (truecolor original follows) rendered with that palette (without dithering) are given. The test chart shows the full 256 levels of the red, green, and blue (RGB) primary colors and cyan, magenta, and yellow complementary colors, along with a full 256-level grayscale. Gradients of RGB intermediate colors (orange, lime green, sea green, sky blue, violet, and fuchsia), and a full hue spectrum are also present. Color charts are not gamma corrected.
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These elements illustrate the color depth and distribution of the colors of any given palette, and the sample image indicates how the color selection of such palettes could represent real-life images. These images are not necessarily representative of how the image would be displayed on the original graphics hardware, as the hardware may have additional limitations regarding the maximum display resolution, pixel aspect ratio and color placement.
Implementation of these formats is specific to each machine. Therefore, the number of colors that can be simultaneously displayed in a given text or graphic mode might be different. Also, the actual displayed colors are subject to the output format used - PAL or NTSC, composite or component video, etc. - and might be slightly different.
For simulated images and specific hardware and alternate methods to produce colors other than RGB (ex: composite), see the List of 8-bit computer hardware palettes, the List of 16-bit computer hardware palettes and the List of video game console palettes.
For various software arrangements and sorts of colors, including other possible full RGB arrangements within 8-bit color depth displays, see the List of software palettes.
Monochrome palettes
These palettes only have some shades of gray, from black to white (considered the darkest and lightest "grays", respectively). The general rule is that those palettes have 2n different shades of gray, where n is the number of bits needed to represent a single pixel.
Monochrome (1-bit grayscale)
Monochrome graphics displays typically have a black background with a white or light gray image, though green and amber monochrome monitors were also common. Such a palette requires only one bit per pixel.
{|
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automate%20the%20Schools | Automate The Schools (ATS) is the school-based administrative system used by all New York City public schools since 1988. It has many functions, including recording biographical data for all students, handling admissions, discharges, and transfers to other schools, and recording other student-specific data, such as exam scores, grade levels, attendance, and immunization records. It also provides aggregate student and human resources data to school administrators.
Access to the ATS system is strictly limited to school system personnel; however, much of the non-personally identifiable information is available online at the New York City Department of Education website.
Technical details
The software was written in under six months using the Computer Corporation of America's Model 204 database management software.
References
External links
New York City Department of Education website
Galaxy budget allocations for all public schools
Public education in New York City
New York City Department of Education
School-administration software |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOSI | SOSI is a geospatial vector data format predominantly used for exchange of geographical information in Norway.
SOSI is short for Samordnet Opplegg for Stedfestet Informasjon (literally "Coordinated Approach for Spatial Information", but more commonly expanded in English to Systematic Organization of Spatial Information).
The standard includes standardized definitions for geometry and topology, data quality, coordinate systems, attributes and metadata.
The open standard was developed by the Norwegian Mapping and Cadastre Authority. It was first published in 1987 (version 1.0). It is continuously being revised and further developed. The long term development points towards international standards (ISO 19100). This work is being done by ISO/TC211, currently chaired by Olaf Østensen with the Norwegian Mapping and Cadastre Authority.
References
Further reading
References
GML 3.1 specification (requires EULA to read)
Digital Earth: GeoWeb
GeoRSS - Geographically Encoded Objects for RSS Feeds
Recommended XMLGML encoding of common CRS definitions, Open Geospatial Consortium
Demonstration of a Coordinate Reference System Registry, Open Geospatial Consortium
Coordinate Reference System Registry of the OGP, - Supersedes above demonstration registry. OGP = Oil and Gas Producers Association.
C++ Data Binding for GML
sosi2kml utility
GIS file formats |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josh%20Tyrangiel | Josh Tyrangiel is an American journalist. He was previously the deputy managing editor of TIME magazine and an editor at Bloomberg Businessweek. In June 2019, Tyrangiel left the network, following the cancellation of Vice News Tonight.
Early life and education
Josh Tyrangiel was born on September 25, 1972. He grew up in Baltimore. He has a sister. He graduated high school from the Park School of Baltimore in 1990 where he played on the soccer team and was active in student government. For his senior-year project, he called the Baltimore Orioles and successfully got a position as a member of the grounds crew, where he worked for six months. Tyrangiel attended the University of Pennsylvania as an undergraduate and ran the school's newspaper. He received his master's degree in American Studies from Yale University.
Career
After college, Tyrangiel worked at Vibe and Rolling Stone magazines and produced the news at MTV.
In 1999, he joined TIME as a staff writer and music critic. He also served as the magazine's London correspondent and national editor. In 2006, Tyrangiel was promoted to deputy managing editor at TIME.com, as well as tasked with overseeing TIME's Person of the Year franchise.
In journalistic circles, Tyrangiel was presumed to be the successor to Richard Stengel, who was editor of the magazine at that time. Tyrangiel says he wanted the job, but recognized there was competition for the position and that the company may be resistant to his hopes of taking it in a new direction. Norman Pearlstine, who had been the Editor in Chief at Time Inc and was then working as the Chief Content Officer at Bloomberg L.P., invited him to breakfast, and suggested he go to struggling Businessweek following its acquisition by Bloomberg L.P. for “one dollar plus debt." Tyrangiel presented his ideas for the company to Bloomberg and, in November 2009, Tyrangiel was named editor of the magazine. In April 2010, Tyrangiel oversaw the rebranding of BusinessWeek into Bloomberg Businessweek and led the editorial vision of the magazine. Ravi Somaiya with NPR said that "It's hard to understate the degree to which Tyrangiel's nearly six-year tenure...stimulated change at the magazine and challenged the way in which the larger news organization had previously operated." Bloomberg Businessweek won several magazine awards while Tyrangiel served as the editor. In 2011, Adweek named Bloomberg Businessweek the most influential business magazine of the year. In 2012, the magazine won the National Magazine Award for general excellence in general interest magazines. Tyrangiel has also received personal honors for his work at Bloomberg Businessweek. In 2009, Tyrangiel was named to The New York Observer’s list of top insurgents for the upcoming year, and in 2012, Tyrangiel was named editor of the year by Ad Age and was included on Crain's New York Business 40 under 40 list. In November 2013, Tyrangiel was called on to help shape television content for Bloomberg Television. I |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danish%20UNIX%20User%20Group | The Danish UNIX systems User Group (, DKUUG) is a computer user group around UNIX, which was the first Internet provider in Denmark and which created and maintained the .dk internet domain for Denmark. Founded 18 November 1983, DKUUG is a primary advisor on the Danish UNIX and Open Standards use. The group is active in the standards processes for UNIX, POSIX, the Internet, the World Wide Web, and Open Document Format.
History
The Danish UNIX User Group was founded on 18 November 1983 with the purpose of promoting UNIX and providing Internet access to the Danish academic community and the whole of Denmark. An offshoot of the EUUG, the DKUUG membership was originally 41 people from the Danish academic and business computing industry. Founder Keld Simonsen of the Datalogisk Institut at Copenhagen University served as group foreman from 1983 to 1997. It formed a commercial subsidiary, DKnet, organized as the Danish affiliate of the EUnet network.
In 1996, DKnet was purchased by the Danish PTT TeleDanmark in a private transaction for 20 million DKK.
During the 2000s, the organization has been the subject of internal disagreement and infighting among board members.
See also
.dk
References
Further reading
(Danish) Keld Simonsen, "En historie om Keld og DKUUG" (A History of Keld and DKUUG), dkuug.dk,
(Danish) Keld Simonsen, "DKUUG 30 år - Opstart og resultater" (DKUUG - 30 years - Creation and results) (2013-11-18)
External links
Official DKUUG website
1983 establishments in Denmark
Organizations established in 1983
User groups
sv:Unix time |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crime%20in%20Israel | Crime in Israel is low. According to the Israel Police, the general crime rate dropped in 2020, while cyber crimes, domestic violence and sexual abuse incidents rose.
Homicide
In Israel the homicide rate is relatively low: in 2015, there were 2.4 people killed per 100,000 inhabitants (in Switzerland the number is 0.71, in Russia it is 14.9, in South Africa it is 34, in Venezuela it is 49). In 2009, 135 people were murdered in Israel.
The percentage of women killed by their partners who were Arab decreased from 9 out of 11 in 2009 to 10 out of 15 in 2010 and 11 out of 24 in 2011.
According to Israel's police, the number of murders is continually decreasing. In 2018, 103 people were the victims of homicide, compared with 136 people in 2017. The murder rate in 2018 was 1.14 people per 100,000 inhabitants
Hate crimes
Racist incidents, including violence, continue taking place between the Jewish majority and Arab minority. Arab–Jewish race riots have occurred on several occasions.
In September 2007, eight white supremacists sporting tattoos including the number 88 (code for "Heil Hitler" because "H" is the eighth letter of the alphabet) from Petah Tikva were arrested after a year of being observed desecrating synagogues, giving Nazi salutes in the street, attacking religious Jews, collecting weapons, explosives and spreading Nazi propaganda and making a video. They were immigrants from Russia, and only one was fully Jewish. The rest had been allowed to immigrate due to some Jewish ancestry, but were not fully Jewish.
According to Palestinian officials, between 2005 and 2015, there were 11,000 attacks on Palestinians by Jews in the West Bank and in east Jerusalem, including price tag attacks. Between 2010 and 2015, three Palestinians were killed in arson attacks. Arson attacks on property were reported for 15 individual houses, 20 mosques and four churches. In first four months of 2018, there were 13 cases of hate crimes carried out by ultra-nationalists against Palestinians.
Attacks by Palestinians on Israelis are frequent though the rate varies over time. Since September, 1993 at least 1,671 Israelis have been killed in hate crimes by Palestinians. In 2022 the government of Israel recorded 5,326 terror attacks, resulting in 31 deaths and 415 injuries. In the first six months of 2023 there were 3,640 terror attacks on Israelis, resulting in 28 deaths and 362 injuries.
Property crimes
Director of the Latin American Institute of the American Jewish Committee in Washington, D.C. Dina Siegel, criminology professor H. G. van de Bunt, and lecturer in criminology Damián Zaitch showed in their book Global Organized Crime that a significant amount of crime in Israel, especially property crime, is committed by the residents of the Palestinian National Authority (PNA or PA).
Motor vehicle theft is a major crime committed by Palestinians. Since the early 1990s, there has been an increase in the rate of robberies in Israel. Between 1994 and 2001, the ra |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferroexpreso%20Pampeano | Ferroexpreso Pampeano S.A. (abbreviated FEPSA) is an Argentine private railway company that operates freight services over a network that comprises broad gauge Sarmiento Railway and the Rosario and Puerto Belgrano section of Roca Railway.
FEPSA is currently owned by Sociedad Comercial del Plata (SCP), and Techint, two of the largest companies in Argentina. FEPSA's operating fleet includes 52 diesel locomotives and 2,106 wagons.
History
After the entire Argentine rail network was privatised in the early 1990s, the Government of Argentina granted a concession to the company to operate freight services within provinces of Buenos Aires and La Pampa but with branches extending into neighbouring Córdoba, San Luis and Santa Fe provinces. The former Rosario and Puerto Belgrano Railway section is the most heavily used branch. Ferroexpreso Pampeano started operations in November 1991.
In 2014, Ferroexpreso Pampeano carried 350,000 tonnes of foodstuffs and 3,500,009 tonnes of freight in total.
Gallery
See also
Rail transport in Argentina
Domingo Sarmiento Railway
Railway privatisation in Argentina
References
External links
Railway companies of Argentina
5 ft 6 in gauge railways in Argentina
Railway companies established in 1991
1991 establishments in Argentina
Techint
Rail transport in Buenos Aires Province
Transport in La Pampa Province |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Cycle%20Route%2076 | National Cycle Network (NCN) Route 76 is a Sustrans National Route that runs from Berwick-upon-Tweed to Kirkcaldy. The route is in length and is fully open and signed in both directions. Between Dunbar and Kirkcaldy the route is known as the Round the Forth.
Route
Berwick-upon-Tweed to Dunbar
The southern trailhead is at a junction with NCN Route 1 on the outskirts of Berwick-upon-Tweed. After the route crosses the English-Scottish border and climbs Ayton Hill before descending through Ayton before meeting the coast at Eyemouth. From here the route climbs to its highpoint before descending to Cockburnspath where it passes under the A1. From Bilsdean the route uses a cycle path adjacent to the A1. At Torness Nuclear Power Station the route becomes traffic free to the outskirts of Dunbar before rejoining the roads through the town.
Dunbar to Musselburgh
From Dunbar Route 76 is known as the Round the Forth Cycle Route for the rest of its length to Kirkaldy. From here to Haddington the route is predominantly on quite roads via East Linton and the ruins of Hailes Castle. The route is traffic free along the Haddington to Longniddry railway path after which it uses a mixture of roads and paths along the shore of the Firth of Forth to reach Musselburgh and a junction with Route 1.
Edinburgh
There is a gap in Route 76 between Musselburgh and Cramond Bridge. Route 1 is used as the east to west link through Edinburgh.
Cramond Bridge to Stirling
Leaving Route 1 at Cramond Bridge, 76 is traffic free when returns to the banks of the Forth via the parklands of Dalmeny Estate, before passing under the Forth Bridges at South Queensferry where it returns the roads. Continuing to trace the south bank of the Forth the route becomes traffic free again as it passes through the deer park at Abercorn. It climbs away from the bank of the firth on the roads through Bo'ness to follow the line of the Antonine Wall before descending into Grangemouth.
The section between Cramond Bridge and Bo'ness is part of The John Muir Way.
On leaving Grangemouth the route crosses the Forth and Clyde Canal adjacent to The Helix and its Kelpies. It passes through open countryside as far as the city of Stirling.
Stirling to Inverkeithing
This section of the route follows the northern bank of the Firth of Forth. Tullibody Old Bridge and Cambus Iron Bridge, each a Category A listed building and scheduled monument, are on the route. After Alloa 76 passes Clackmannan, Kincardine and passes close to the site of the closed Longannet power station. A combination of river bank paths and roads takes the route east. At the north end of the Forth Bridges NCN 76 passes under the M90 and joins NCN Route 1 to pass through Inverkeithing.
Inverkeithing to Kirkcaldy
Route 76 leaves Route 1 in Inverkiething to follow the north bank of the Forth to Aberdour, Burntisland and Kinghorn. It then climbs inland before turning back towards the coast for a descent into Kirkcaldy. This section was originall |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Cycle%20Route%2078 | National Cycle Route 78 runs from Campbeltown to Inverness. It was officially launched as the Caledonia Way in 2016 as part of the wider redevelopment of Scotland's cycle network.
It runs from the Kintyre peninsula to the Great Glen and the route varies from on road to traffic-free forest trails and canal paths.
Route
Campbeltown to Oban
From Campbeltown, the route follows the sea front northwards, then turns north along George Street and turns right onto the B842 (High Street), which it follows north up the east coast of Kintyre, passing Carradale and Claonaig (where it meets the NCR73), before crossing the peninsula on the B8001, joining the A83 trunk road just south of Kennacraig.
The route follows the A83 to the head of West Loch Tarbert, where it turns left about 2 km before Tarbert onto a short unclassified road, before turning left onto the B8024, which it follows around the west coast of Kintyre, crossing again to the east coast to meet the A83 about 5 km south of Ardrishaig, where it leaves the A83.
North of Lochgilphead, the route is off-road, taking the towpath of the Crinan canal towards Crinan on the west coast, before tracing the West coast of Loch Awe until Kilchrenan. The route then follows the B845 to Taynuilt.
Taynuilt to Oban section runs on minor roads through Glen Lonan, passing Fearnoch.
Oban to Fort William
A large proportion of the route from Oban to Ballachulish follows the route of the Ballachulish branch of the Callander and Oban Railway, while the last section from Corran to Fort William uses two ferries to follow the east coast of Ardgour.
From Oban the route follows minor roads to South Connel, where it crosses Connel Bridge and follows Observer Corps Post Road past Oban Airport. It then follows the old railway bed until just north of Benderloch, where it runs on a dedicated cycleway alongside the A828 to Barcaldine. In Barcaldine it runs on minor roads through the back of the village, and emerges to run alongside the A828 again, before rising slightly to follow the old railway bed again, this time on the inland side of the main road. At Creagan, it rejoins the A828 to cross a bridge, and then rejoins the railway bed shortly thereafter.
Across the Appin peninsula the main route continues to follow the old railway line, but an alternative route follows the coast of the peninsula on minor roads past the Lismore ferry at Port Appin. After the routes rejoin, they follow the railway bed past Castle Stalker. At the foot of Glen Sallachan, the route rejoins the A828 as far as Duror. It follows minor roads and a dedicated path through Duror to Kentallen, from where it follows the old railway bed as far as the Ballachulish Bridge. From here it is possible to reach Ballachulish and Glencoe Village.
The NCN78 itself crosses the bridge and follows alongside the A82 through Onich to Corran, where it cross the Corran Ferry to Ardgour. Here it follows the A861 northwards along the west shore of Loch Linnhe as far |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polkit | Polkit (formerly PolicyKit) is a component for controlling system-wide privileges in Unix-like operating systems. It provides an organized way for non-privileged processes to communicate with privileged ones. Polkit allows a level of control of centralized system policy. It is developed and maintained by David Zeuthen from Red Hat and hosted by the freedesktop.org project. It is published as free software under the terms of version 2 of the GNU Lesser General Public License.
Since version 0.105, released in April 2012, the name of the project was changed from PolicyKit to polkit to emphasize that the system component was rewritten and that the API had changed, breaking backward compatibility.
Fedora became the first distribution to include PolicyKit, and it has since been used in other distributions, including Ubuntu since version 8.04 and openSUSE since version 10.3. Some distributions, like Fedora, have already switched to the rewritten polkit.
It is also possible to use polkit to execute commands with elevated privileges using the command pkexec followed by the command intended to be executed (with root permission). However, it may be preferable to use sudo, as this command provides more flexibility and security, in addition to being easier to configure.
Implementation
The polkitd daemon implements Polkit functionality.
Vulnerability
A memory corruption vulnerability PwnKit (CVE-2021-4034) discovered in the pkexec command (installed on all major Linux distributions) was announced on January 25, 2022. The vulnerability dates back to the original distribution from 2009. The vulnerability received a CVSS score of 7.8 ("High severity") reflecting serious factors involved in a possible exploit: unprivileged users can gain full root privileges, regardless of the underlying machine architecture or whether the polkit daemon is running or not.
See also
Pluggable authentication module
Principle of least privilege
PackageKit
User Account Control – a similar feature introduced in Windows Vista and still exists in Windows 11
References
External links
polkit GitLab repository at freedesktop.org
Documentation at freedesktop.org
Why polkit explaining polkit's role in a modern system
Free software programmed in C
Freedesktop.org
Unix software |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spindling | In computers spindling is the allocation of different files (e.g., the data files and index files of a database) on different hard disks. This practice usually reduces contention for read or write resources, thus increasing the system's performance.
The word comes from spindle, the axis on which the hard disks spin.
Computer jargon
Databases |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Top-nodes%20algorithm | The top-nodes algorithm is an algorithm for managing a resource reservation calendar. The algorithm has been first published in 2003, and has been improved in 2009. It is used when a resource is shared among many users (for example bandwidth in a telecommunication link, or disk capacity in a large data center).
The algorithm allows users to:
check if an amount of resource is available during a specific period of time,
reserve an amount of resource for a specific period of time,
delete a previous reservation,
move the calendar forward (the calendar covers a defined duration, and it must be moved forward as time goes by).
Principle
The calendar is stored as a binary tree where leaves represent elementary time periods. Other nodes represent the period of time covered by all their descendants.
The period of time covered by a reservation is represented by a set of "top-nodes". This set is the minimal set of nodes that exactly cover the reservation period of time.
A node of the binary tree is a "top-node" for a given reservation if
all its descendants are inside the reservation period of time, and
it is the root node, or at least one descendant of the parent node is outside of the reservation period of time.
The following value is stored in each node:
q(node) = max(q(left child), q(right child))
+ total amount of reserved resource for all reservations having this node as a "top-node"
(for code optimization, the two parts of this sum are usually stored separately.)
Performance
The advantage of this algorithm is that the time to register a new resource reservation depends only on the calendar size (it does not depend on the total number of reservations).
Let be the number of elementary periods in the calendar.
The maximal number of "top-nodes" for a given reservation is 2.log n.
to check if an amount of resource is available during a specific period of time : O(log n)
to reserve an amount of resource for a specific period of time : O(log n)
to delete a previous reservation : O(log n)
to move the calendar forward : O(log n + M.log n)
where is the number of reservations that are active during the added calendar periods.
( = 0 if reservations are not allowed after the end of the calendar.)
References
External links
C source code
Scheduling algorithms |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AREMOS | AREMOS is a data management and econometrics software package released by Global Insight. It was most popular in the late 1980s and 1990s, when it was used by leading economists. Developed as a DOS application by Wharton Econometric Forecasting Associates - WEFA now IHS Markit, it has gone through many iterations. Thomsons' Datastream macroeconomic databases which were accessible with AREMOS, were a key selling point.
The U.S. statistical agency Bureau of Economic Analysis ran AREMOS extensively until 2015.
Today its use is largely legacy and has been superseded by newer econometric packages such as EViews, developed by WEFA successor company, IHS Markit. Although sales of AREMOS to new customers ended in late 2015, certain existing customers were given the option to purchase a perpetual license which doesn't expire until the end of 2036.
References
Econometrics software |
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