source
stringlengths 32
199
| text
stringlengths 26
3k
|
|---|---|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gfarm%20file%20system
|
Gfarm file system is an open-source distributed file system, generally used for large-scale cluster computing and wide-area data sharing, and provides features to manage replica location explicitly. The name is derived from the Grid Data Farm architecture it implements.
Grid Datafarm is a petascale data-intensive computing project initiated in Japan. The project is a collaboration among High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), the University of Tokyo, Tokyo Institute of Technology and University of Tsukuba. The challenge involves construction of a Peta- to Exascale parallel filesystem exploiting local storage of PCs spread over the worldwide Grid.
See also
Distributed file system
List of file systems, the distributed parallel fault-tolerant file system section
References
External links
Gfarm file system Home Page
OSS Tsukuba at GitHub
Distributed file systems
Distributed file systems supported by the Linux kernel
Network file systems
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbolic%20simulation
|
In computer science, a simulation is a computation of the execution of some appropriately modelled state-transition system. Typically this process models the complete state of the system at individual points in a discrete linear time frame, computing each state sequentially from its predecessor. Models for computer programs or VLSI logic designs can be very easily simulated, as they often have an operational semantics which can be used directly for simulation.
Symbolic simulation is a form of simulation where many possible executions of a system are considered simultaneously. This is typically achieved by augmenting the domain over which the simulation takes place. A symbolic variable can be used in the simulation state representation in order to index multiple executions of the system. For each possible valuation of these variables, there is a concrete system state that is being indirectly simulated.
Because symbolic simulation can cover many system executions in a single simulation, it can greatly reduce the size of verification problems. Techniques such as symbolic trajectory evaluation (STE) and generalized symbolic trajectory evaluation (GSTE) are based on this idea of symbolic simulation.
See also
Symbolic execution
Symbolic computation
Electronic design automation
Formal methods
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April%201976
|
The following events occurred in April 1976:
April 1, 1976 (Thursday)
Apple Computer Company was formed in the United States by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak and Ronald Wayne, in Cupertino, California. Wayne sold his 10 percent share in the company to Jobs and Wozniak eleven days later.
Conrail (Consolidated Rails Corporation) began operations in the United States. It had been created by the U.S. government to take control of 13 major Class-1 railroads in the northeastern United States following bankruptcy proceedings.
British astronomer Patrick Moore spoke on BBC Radio 2, on the subject of the "Jovian–Plutonian gravitational effect", an April Fool's Day hoax. Moore, a popular radio and television personality, told listeners that at 9:47 that morning, the alignment of Jupiter and Pluto would produce a combination of gravitational forces sufficient to decrease Earth's gravity for a moment and that if they jumped up and down at that moment, they would feel a sensation of floating. Moore's reputation was such that the BBC received hundreds of calls from listeners who said that they jumped in the air had noticed the non-existent effect.
A mid-air collision was narrowly averted between two passenger jets that were carrying a total of 181 people at the airport in Spokane, Washington, when the pilot of Hughes Airwest Flight 5, a DC-9, was able to veer suddenly during his landing approach to avoid colliding with Northwest Airlines Flight 603, a DC-10 jumbo jet that had just departed the airport. The Northwest flight had 111 people on board when it was at an altitude of and encountered the faster-moving Hughes Airwest flight, and the two aircraft were within of each other before the disaster was averted.
A cult following for The Rocky Horror Picture Show began with the inauguration of a regular midnight showing of the film at the Waverly Theatre in New York City, and audience participation with shouting at the characters on the screen and the use of props.
The Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission becomes the regulator of Canadian television and radio.
The New Zealand Fire Service was established, as a result of the New Zealand Fire Service Act (1975).
Born: David Oyelowo, British actor, in Oxford, to Nigerian parents
Died: Max Ernst, 84, German Dadaist and surrealist artist
April 2, 1976 (Friday)
Norodom Sihanouk resigned as Cambodia's head of state Sihanouk, the former King of Cambodia and head of state until 1970, had been retained as the nominal head of state while being kept under house arrest by the Khmer Rouge at the former royal palace after returning to Democratic Kampuchea in 1975 at the invitation of the nation's new Communist government. According to the state news agency broadcast made later, Sihanouk addressed the new 250-member People's Assembly and said in a speech, "I request the representatives of the people to allow me to retire— while remaining an ardent supporter of the Khmer Revolution, the democratic
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garnock%20Way
|
Garnock Way was a short-lived Scottish soap opera, produced by Scottish Television for the ITV network, running from 1976 to 1979. It was replaced by Take the High Road which also featured actors Eileen McCallum, Bill Henderson, Paul Kermack, Michael Elder and John Stahl.
History
Garnock Way was set in a mining community in a town halfway between Glasgow and Edinburgh. It was deemed to be too gritty for network consumption, which resulted in only certain stations broadcasting the series.
In the summer of 1979 Garnock Way was axed and replaced by Take the High Road, which was a bigger budget affair and more in keeping with the 'tartan' perception of Scotland as it was deliberately set in a more beautiful part of Scotland.
In 2010 it was announced that Garnock Way would be one of the STV archive programmes soon to be available on YouTube. The STV Player channel on the video-sharing website launched on 20 August 2010. However, just four episodes of the series are known to exist, and these are available on the STV Player.
Transmissions
Only a few ITV stations broadcast the series:
Southern Television from June 1976 until September 1977
HTV throughout 1977
Border Television From late 1976 until Summer 1979
UTV From March 1977 until Summer 1979
Characters
Jean Ross – Eileen McCallum
Alex Ross – Gerard Slevin
Tod Baxter – Bill Henderson
Mary Baxter – Terry Cavers
Louise Baxter – Harriet Buchan
Jock Nesbit – Paul Kermack
Willie Mclean – William Armour
Hughie Ross – Alan Watters
Sandra Cully – Dorothy Paul
Cully – Jackie Farrell
Cliff Hewitt – George Howell
Effie Murdoch – Ginni Barlow
Harry Murdoch – Bill McCabe
Carla the café owner – Ida Schuster
Det Sgt Golspie – Michael Elder
PC Scoular – John Stahl
Georgina Munro – Jan Wilson
The outside scenes depicting the characters' houses were filmed in Charles Street, Torbothie, an area of Shotts in North Lanarkshire. The still picture at the start of the programme, showing the street with the monument, is of the Mercat Cross in Airth.
References
External links
(STV Player)
The Glasgow Herald – 30 Mar 1976 p. 7 – https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=GGgVawPscysC
1970s British television soap operas
1970s Scottish television series
1976 Scottish television series debuts
1979 Scottish television series endings
English-language television shows
ITV soap operas
Lost television shows
Scottish television soap operas
Take the High Road
Television shows produced by Scottish Television
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North%20American%20Datum
|
The North American Datum (NAD) is the horizontal datum now used to define the geodetic network in North America. A datum is a formal description of the shape of the Earth along with an "anchor" point for the coordinate system. In surveying, cartography, and land-use planning, two North American Datums are in use for making lateral or "horizontal" measurements: the North American Datum of 1927 (NAD 27) and the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Both are geodetic reference systems based on slightly different assumptions and measurements.
Vertical measurements, based on distances above or below Mean High Water (MHW), are calculated using the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD 88).
NAD 83, along with NAVD 88, is set to be replaced with a new GPS- and gravimetric geoid model-based geometric reference frame and geopotential datum in 2022.
First North American Datum of 1901
In 1901 the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey adopted a national horizontal datum called the United States Standard Datum, based on the Clarke Ellipsoid of 1866. It was fitted to data previously collected for regional datums, which by that time had begun to overlap. In 1913, Canada and Mexico adopted that datum, so it was also renamed the North American Datum.
North American Datum of 1927
As more data were gathered, discrepancies appeared, so the datum was recomputed in 1927, using the same spheroid and origin as its predecessor.
The North American Datum of 1927 (NAD 27) was based on surveys of the entire continent from a common reference point that was chosen in 1901, because it was as near the center of the contiguous United States as could be calculated: It was based on a triangulation station at the junction of the transcontinental triangulation arc of 1899 on the 39th parallel north and the triangulation arc along the 98th meridian west that was near the geographic center of the contiguous United States.
The datum declares the Meades Ranch Triangulation Station in Osborne County, Kansas to be 39°13′26.686″ north latitude, 98°32′30.506″ west longitude. NAD 27 is oriented by declaring the azimuth from Meades Ranch to Waldo Station (also in Osborne County, about northwest of Waldo, Russell County) to be 255°28′14.52″ from north. The latitude and longitude of every other point in North America is then based on its distance and direction from Meades Ranch: If a point was X meters in azimuth Y degrees from Meades Ranch, measured on the Clarke Ellipsoid of 1866, then its latitude and longitude on that ellipsoid were defined and could be calculated.
These are the defining dimensions for NAD 27, but Clarke actually defined his 1866 spheroid as a = 20,926,062 British feet, b = 20,855,121 British feet. The conversion to meters uses Clarke's 1865 inch-meter ratio of 39.370432. The length of a foot or meter at the time could not practically be benchmarked to better than about 0.02 mm.
Most USGS topographic maps were published in NAD 27 and many major projects by t
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dan%20Jurafsky
|
Daniel Jurafsky is a professor of linguistics and computer science at Stanford University, and also an author. With Daniel Gildea, he is known for developing the first automatic system for semantic role labeling (SRL). He is the author of The Language of Food: A Linguist Reads the Menu (2014) and a textbook on speech and language processing (2000). Jurafsky was given a MacArthur Fellowship in 2002.
Education
Jurafsky received his B.A in linguistics (1983) and Ph.D. in computer science (1992), both at University of California, Berkeley; and then a postdoc at International Computer Science Institute, Berkeley (1992–1995).
Academic life
He is the author of The Language of Food: A Linguist Reads the Menu (W. W. Norton & Company, 2014). With James H. Martin, he wrote the textbook Speech and Language Processing: An Introduction to Natural Language Processing, Computational Linguistics, and Speech Recognition (Prentice Hall, 2000).
The first automatic system for semantic role labeling (SRL, sometimes also referred to as "shallow semantic parsing") was developed by Daniel Gildea and Daniel Jurafsky to automate the FrameNet annotation process in 2002; SRL has since become one of the standard tasks in natural language processing.
Personal life
Jurafsky resides in San Francisco, California.
Selected works
2009. Speech and Language Processing: An Introduction to Natural Language Processing, Computational Linguistics, and Speech Recognition, 2nd Edition. (with James H. Martin) Prentice-Hall.
2014. The Language of Food: A Linguist Reads the Menu. W. W. Norton & Company.
2023. Speech and Language Processing: An Introduction to Natural Language Processing, Computational Linguistics, and Speech Recognition, 3rd Edition draft. (with James H. Martin)
Honors and awards
1998. NSF Career Award
2002. MacArthur Fellowship
2019. LSA Fellow
2022. Atkinson Prizes in Psychological and Cognitive Sciences
References
External links
Dan Jurafsky's Home Page at Stanford University
Bibliography of works by Dan Jurafsky
Living people
American non-fiction writers
MacArthur Fellows
Stanford University Department of Linguistics faculty
Stanford University School of Engineering faculty
1962 births
Natural language processing researchers
Computational linguistics researchers
Linguists from the United States
Fellows of the Linguistic Society of America
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WDPN-TV
|
WDPN-TV (channel 2) is a television station licensed to Wilmington, Delaware, United States. It serves the Philadelphia television market as an affiliate of MeTV, a classic television network. WDPN-TV and Allentown, Pennsylvania–licensed independent station WFMZ-TV (channel 69) are both owned by Maranatha Broadcasting Company. Both stations share studios on East Rock Road on South Mountain in Allentown. WDPN's transmitter is located in the Roxborough section of Philadelphia.
History
WDPN-TV's origins lie in a construction permit granted to Ambassador Media in 1988 for a Jackson, Wyoming, satellite station of its ABC affiliate in Pocatello, Idaho, KPVI. The new station, which signed on January 9, 1991, as KJVI, served as a semi-satellite of KPVI for the Wyoming side of the Idaho Falls–Pocatello market, airing separate commercials. KPVI and KJVI were sold to Sunbelt Communications Company in November 1995, who switched the stations to NBC in January 1996. Channel 2's call letters were changed to KJWY that June. While KJWY was technically a satellite of KPVI, it later began to carry Wyoming news from another Sunbelt-owned NBC affiliate, KCWY in Casper, after that station began a news operation.
KJWY had the distinction of being the lowest-powered full-service analog television station in the United States, at only 178 watts. It also tied CJBN-TV (channel 13) of Kenora, Ontario, Canada, also at 178 watts, for the lowest-powered full-service analog station in North America. The analog channel 2 signal traveled a very long distance under normal conditions, and KJWY had to operate at very low power since it was short-spaced to KBCI-TV in Boise, Idaho (now KBOI-TV), and KUTV in Salt Lake City, Utah. After the digital transition was complete, KJWY's power was increased to 270 watts, equivalent to 1,350 watts in analog—still fairly modest for a full-power station.
On March 2, 2009, Sunbelt Communications Company filed an application with the FCC to sell KJWY to PMCM TV (whose principals own six Jersey Shore radio stations in Monmouth and Ocean counties as Press Communications, LLC); however, Sunbelt initially planned to retain control of KJWY under a local marketing agreement. The transaction was approved by the FCC on June 10, 2009, after both parties agreed to drop the proposed local marketing agreement. After closing the sale on June 12, 2009, KJWY dropped all NBC programming, as well as the KPVI simulcast. After two months off-the-air, KJWY returned on August 12 as a This TV affiliate. It switched to MeTV in 2012.
Move to Delaware
Soon after taking over, PMCM sought permission to reallocate KJWY from Jackson, Wyoming, to Wilmington, Delaware, as part of a legal loophole that allows any VHF station that moves to a state with no FCC-licensed commercial VHF stations to receive automatic permission to move. Delaware had not had any commercial VHF stations licensed within its borders since WVUE in Wilmington—whose frequency is now occupied by Philadelph
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KREG-TV
|
KREG-TV (channel 3) is a television station in Glenwood Springs, Colorado, United States, broadcasting the classic television network MeTV. It is owned and operated by Weigel Broadcasting, and has a transmitter atop Sunlight Peak.
Since its purchase in 2020 by Weigel, and given KREG-TV has no signal penetration into the Denver metropolitan area, KREG-TV has been positioned as a station serving the entire Denver media market via cable and satellite, rather than its history as a repeater of stations based in Grand Junction.
History
KCWS
KREG-TV was launched January 28, 1984, by Western Slope Communications, a group of investors, as independent station KCWS on VHF channel 3. It promised the best selection of off-network and first-run syndicated programming available; plus an aggressive regional news operation that pioneered the first long-form morning newscast on Western Slope television.
At its launch, KCWS stated it had "one of the highest shares ever received by an independent station at sign-on". However, the station's construction was hindered by what it said was "one of the worst winters in Colorado history", as well as equipment that was either delayed or damaged; in addition, the station fought with commissioners in Garfield County to locate its transmitter at the Sunlight Peak transmitter site used by its translator system. Mesa County's commissioners refused to allow KCWS to be carried on its translators; this prevented the station from being seen in Grand Junction, the largest community in the Western Slope, until the station was added to United Cable's lineup. In addition, the small size of the Glenwood Springs area meant that advertising dollars were scarce; it did not help matters that KWGN-TV in Denver had been available on cable for decades in the area. The station underwent three rounds of layoffs, and filed for chapter 11 bankruptcy on June 27, 1984. News was eventually eliminated, and after only five months, KCWS went dark on July 2, 1984, following a Taxi rerun.
Satellite of KREX-TV
In 1987, W. Russell Withers, Jr., owner of KREX-TV, the CBS and NBC affiliate in Grand Junction, bought KCWS; it returned to the air September 16, 1987, as KREG-TV, a satellite of KREX. As a satellite of KREX, KREG had no local news inserts but did have a small office in Carbondale, near Glenwood Springs.
Withers sold KREG-TV, along with KREX-TV, to Hoak Media in 2003. On December 19, 2013, Gray Television, who a month earlier announced its purchase of Hoak Media, sold KREG and its sister stations in Grand Junction (as part of Gray's divestment to comply with FCC rules because it was the owner of KKCO and operator of KJCT in the Grand Junction market) to Nexstar Broadcasting Group for $33.5 million. The sale was completed on June 13, 2014.
Sale to Marquee Broadcasting
On May 10, 2016, Nexstar agreed to sell KREG-TV to Marquee Broadcasting for $350,000; the sale is part of a series of divestitures required following Nexstar's acquisition of Medi
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WJLP
|
WJLP (channel 33) is a television station licensed to Middletown Township, New Jersey, United States, broadcasting the classic television network MeTV to the New York City area. It is owned and operated by network parent Weigel Broadcasting alongside Bridgeport, Connecticut–licensed MeTV Plus station WZME (channel 43) and Story Television outlet WNWT-LD (channel 37, officially a low-power station, operating under a channel sharing arrangement with WJLP). WJLP and WNWT-LD share studios in Freehold Township, New Jersey, and transmitter facilities at 4 Times Square in midtown Manhattan.
History
Origins in Ely, Nevada (2001–2014)
Founded in 1998 by Harris Broadcasting, the station went on the air two and a half years later. The station was originally located in Ely, Nevada and signed on July 9, 2001, as KBJN, a satellite of KVBC (now KSNV), the NBC affiliate in Las Vegas. Harris Broadcasting soon sold it to KVBC owner Valley Broadcasting Company. The call letters were changed to KVNV on November 15, 2005.
On July 1, 2008, Valley Broadcasting filed an application with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to sell KVNV to PMCM TV, LLC (which owns six Jersey Shore radio stations in Monmouth and Ocean counties as Press Communications, LLC). The sale was approved on September 17, 2008, and was consummated on November 12, 2008; soon afterward, the station was relaunched as Intelliweather 3, carrying looping weather conditions and a news ticker. KVNV affiliated with My Family TV in October 2009. During 2012, the station began to expand its local programming, including a local weekend public affairs program and a locally produced children's program (to comply with the FCC's E/I regulations). KVNV also began to simulcast the noon and 6p.m. newscasts of former sister station KRNV-DT in Reno, and added the statewide political show Nevada's Eye on Washington.
Move to New Jersey (2014–present)
Soon after its purchase of the station, PMCM TV sought permission to reallocate KVNV to Monmouth County, New Jersey, as part of a legal loophole that allows any VHF station that moves to a state with no FCC-licensed commercial VHF stations to receive automatic permission to move. In New Jersey, nearly all commercial TV stations came from either New York City or Philadelphia. After the digital television transition of 2009, Delaware and New Jersey no longer had any VHF signals since station owners chose to move their signals to UHF channels which are better suited to digital broadcasting. The FCC denied the request in a December 18, 2009, letter. The full commission denied PMCM's application for review in a memorandum opinion and order released on September 15, 2011; however, this denial was reversed by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit on December 14, 2012. KVNV applied for a construction permit to move on May 28, 2013, to Middletown Township, New Jersey (though its transmitter location would be at the Condé Nast Building in midtown Manhattan to serve
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DECmate
|
DECmate was the name of a series of PDP-8-compatible computers produced by the Digital Equipment Corporation in the late 1970s and early 1980s. All of the models used an Intersil 6100 (later known as the Harris 6100) or Harris 6120 (an improved Intersil 6100) microprocessor which emulated the 12-bit DEC PDP-8 CPU. They were text-only and used the OS/78 or OS/278 operating systems, which were extensions of OS/8 for the PDP-8. Aimed at the word processing market, they typically ran the WPS-8 word-processing program. Later models optionally had Intel 8080 or Z80 microprocessors which allowed them to run CP/M. The range was a development of the VT78 which was introduced in July 1977.
VT78
Introduced in July 1977, this machine was built into a VT52 case and had an Intersil 6100 microprocessor running at 2.2 MHz. The standard configuration included an RX02 dual 8-inch floppy disk unit which was housed in the pedestal that the computer rested on.
DECmate
Introduced in 1980, this machine was built into a VT100 case. It had a 10 MHz clock and 32 Kwords of memory. It was also known as the VT278.
DECmate II
As part of a three-pronged strategy against IBM, the company released this model in 1982 at the same time as the PDP-11-based PRO-350 and the Intel 8088-based Rainbow 100. The DECmate II resembles the Rainbow 100 but uses the 6120 processor. Its two operating systems are the WPS-8 word processing system, and the COS-310 Commercial Operating System running DIBOL. Like the others it had a monochrome VR201 (VT220-style) monitor, an LK201 keyboard and dual 400 KB single-sided quad-density 5.25-inch RX50 floppy disk drives. It had 32 Kwords of RAM for use by programs, and a further 32 Kwords containing code which was used for device emulation. Code running in this second bank was nicknamed "slushware", in contrast to firmware since it was loaded from floppy disk as the machine booted. It was also known as the PC278.
The model could be expanded, either by adding another pair of 5.25-inch floppy disk drives, and it could also support either an additional pair of RX01 or RX02 8-inch floppy disk drives or a Winchester disk. It can also have a coprocessor board added, to allow it to run CP/M. There was a choice of three coprocessor boards, one with a Z80 and 64 KB RAM, and a choice of two boards with both a Z80 and an Intel 8086, the difference being that they had either 256 KB or 512 KB RAM. Manufacture ceased in 1986. It was superseded by the DECmate III, introduced in 1984.
DECmate III
This was introduced in 1984. It had a smaller system case, color monitor, 8 MHz clock, two 5.25-inch RX50 floppy disk drives, 32 KB user RAM, 32 KB system RAM. It was also known as the PC238.
DECmate III+
This was introduced in 1985 and withdrawn in 1990. It included a hard disk controller as part of the basic configuration. Otherwise, it was very similar to the DECmate III. It was also known as the PC24P.
PDP-8 compatibility
The DECmates were acceptable for
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mega%20Kid%20MK-1000
|
The Mega Kid MK-1000 is a Nintendo Entertainment System hardware clone with a built-in Famicom BASIC compatible keyboard, marketed as an "educational computer".
The system comes with two black PlayStation look-alike controllers and a black NES Zapper clone resembling a submachine gun. All are connected with 9-pin DB connectors, as found on most Famiclones.
It has a composite video output and a mono audio output, as well as a rather crude RF modulator antenna output, unfiltered (the output appears on several TV channels) and unshielded from interferences.
In its box is contained a Famicom cartridge containing several NES applications that work with the keyboard, such as crude word processors, keyboard exercises, mathematical games, G-BASIC and a handful of first generation NES games such as F-1 Race, Track & Field and "Jewel Tetris".
This cartridge also contains an additional 64 K static RAM chip, mainly for use with the provided G-BASIC, a dialect of the BASIC programming language designed for the NES. However, no CMOS backup memory is provided, so any typed-in program or text will be lost upon rebooting or switching the power off.
It works with standard Famicom cartridges, as well as US NES cartridges with the use of an adaptor.
References
Unlicensed Nintendo Entertainment System hardware clones
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordic%20Summer%20University
|
The Nordic Summer University (NSU) is a Nordic research network funded through the Nordic Council of Ministers, organizing study circles in the social and human sciences, mainly for PhD students or post-doctoral scholars from the Nordic countries. The activity is organized in a maximum of ten study circles. Separate winter seminars are held for each study circle, and a more extensive summer conference is organised for all the study circles, in a different location within the Nordic countries each year.
The interdisciplinary groups in the circles meet twice a year in order to discuss a wide range of topics, primarily within the humanistic and the social sciences. During the main summer event, all circles join for a week of academic discussion. The activities are sponsored by the Nordic Council, with financial oversight performed by Foreningerne NORDENs Forbund (FNF). One of the NSU sponsorship items is funding to 140-150 scholars each year in order to offset the costs associated with their participation in the joint sessions.
The study circles have been conducted for more than 60 years and have in the past involved debates between several leading intellectuals, politicians, and scholars of the Nordic countries, including Niels Bohr, Johan Fjord Jensen, Mauno Koivisto, Johan Galtung, Jostein Gripsrud, and Horace Engdahl. The focus of the research network is interdisciplinary and multicultural. In its statutes, NSU states that it is committed to introducing foreign ideas and influences that not yet have a foothold in the region's universities.
NSU has a publishing house, NSU Press, with distribution secured through Århus University Press.
References
External links
The Nordic Summer University's website
Århus University Press
FNF Foreningerne NORDENs Forbund
Reference to history of NSU (Swedish)
Nordic organizations
Educational projects
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernet%20in%20the%20first%20mile
|
Ethernet in the first mile (EFM) refers to using one of the Ethernet family of computer network technologies between a telecommunications company and a customer's premises. From the customer's point of view, it is their first mile, although from the access network's point of view it is known as the last mile.
A working group of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) produced the standards known as IEEE 802.3ah-2004, which were later included in the overall standard IEEE 802.3-2008.
Although it is often used for businesses, it can also be known as Ethernet to the home (ETTH). One family of standards known as Ethernet passive optical network (EPON) uses a passive optical network.
History
With wide, metro, and local area networks using various forms of Ethernet, the goal was to eliminate non-native transport such as Ethernet over Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) from access networks.
One early effort was the EtherLoop technology invented at Nortel Networks in 1996, and then spun off into the company Elastic Networks in 1998. Its principal inventor was Jack Terry. The hope was to combine the packet-based nature of Ethernet with the ability of digital subscriber line (DSL) technology to work over existing telephone access wires. The name comes from local loop, which traditionally describes the wires from a telephone company office to a subscriber. The protocol was half-duplex with control from the provider side of the loop. It adapted to line conditions with a peak of 10 Mbit/s advertised, but 4-6 Mbit/s more typical, at a distance of about . Symbol rates were 1 megabaud or 1.67 megabaud, with 2, 4, or 6 bits per symbol. The EtherLoop product name was registered as a trademark in the US and Canada. The EtherLoop technology was eventually purchased by Paradyne Networks in 2002, which was in turn purchased by Zhone Technologies in 2005.
Another effort was the concept promoted by Michael Silverton of using Ethernet variants that used fiber optic communication to residential as well as business customers. This was an example of what has become known as fiber to the home (FTTH). The Fiberhood Networks company provided this service from 1999 to 2001.
Some early products around the year 2000, were marketed as 10BaseS by Infineon Technologies, although they did not technically use baseband signalling, but rather passband as in very-high-bit-rate digital subscriber line (VDSL) technology. A patent was filed in 1997 by Peleg Shimon, Porat Boaz, Noam Alroy, Rubinstain Avinoam and Sfadya Yackow. Long Reach Ethernet was the product name used by Cisco Systems starting in 2001. It supported modes of 5 Mbit/s, 10 Mbit/s, and 15 Mbit/s depending on distance.
In October 2000 Howard Frazier issued a call for interest on "Ethernet in the Last Mile". At the November 2000 meeting, IEEE 802.3 created the "Ethernet in the First Mile" study group, and on July 16, 2001, the 802.3ah working group. In parallel participating vendors formed the Etherne
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flight%20information%20display%20system
|
A flight information display system (FIDS) is a computer system used in airports to display flight information to passengers, in which a computer system controls mechanical or electronic display boards or monitors in order to display arriving and departing flight information in real-time. The displays are located inside or around an airport terminal. A virtual version of a FIDS can also be found on most airport websites and teletext systems. In large airports, there are different sets of FIDS for each terminal or even each major airline. FIDS are used to inform passengers of boarding gates, departure/arrival times, destinations, notifications of flight delays/flight cancellations, and partner airlines, et al.
Each line on an FIDS indicates a different flight number accompanied by:
the airline name/logo and/or its IATA or ICAO airline designator (can also include names/logos of interlining/codesharing airlines or partner airlines, e.g. HX252/BR2898.)
the city of origin or destination, and any intermediate points
the expected arrival or departure time and/or the updated time (reflecting any delays)
the status of the flight, such as "Landed", "Delayed", "Boarding", etc.
And in the case of departing flights:
the check-in counter numbers or the name of the airline handling the check-in
the gate number
Due to code sharing, a flight may be represented by a series of different flight numbers. For example, LH 474 and AC 9099, both partners of Star Alliance, codeshare on a route using a single aircraft, either Lufthansa or Air Canada, to operate that route at that given time. Lines may be sorted by time, airline name, or city.
Most FIDS are now displayed on LCD or LED screen, although some airports still use split-flap displays.
Display technology
Airport infrastructure
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KKEI-CD
|
KKEI-CD (channel 38) is a low-powered, Class A television station in Portland, Oregon, United States, that currently carries no programming. Owned by Watch TV, Inc, it carried programming from Telemundo in the past.
See also
KORK-CD
KORS-CD
KOXI-CD
KOXO-CD
References
External links
WatchTV, Inc.
Hispanic and Latino American culture in Portland, Oregon
KEI-CD
Television channels and stations established in 1989
1989 establishments in Oregon
Spanish-language television stations in Oregon
KEI-CD
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goodput
|
In computer networks, goodput (a portmanteau of good and throughput) is the application-level throughput of a communication; i.e. the number of useful information bits delivered by the network to a certain destination per unit of time. The amount of data considered excludes protocol overhead bits as well as retransmitted data packets. This is related to the amount of time from the first bit of the first packet sent (or delivered) until the last bit of the last packet is delivered.
For example, if a file is transferred, the goodput that the user experiences corresponds to the file size in bits divided by the file transfer time. The goodput is always lower than the throughput (the gross bit rate that is transferred physically), which generally is lower than network access connection speed (the channel capacity or bandwidth).
Examples of factors that cause lower goodput than throughput are:
Protocol overhead: Typically, transport layer, network layer and sometimes datalink layer protocol overhead is included in the throughput, but is excluded from the goodput.
Transport layer flow control and congestion avoidance: For example, TCP slow start may cause a lower goodput than the maximum throughput.
Retransmission of lost or corrupt packets due to transport layer automatic repeat request (ARQ), caused by bit errors or packet dropping in congested switches and routers, is included in the datalink layer or network layer throughput but not in the goodput.
Example
Over Ethernet files are broken down into individual chunks for transmission. These chunks are no larger than the maximum transmission unit of IP over Ethernet, or 1500 bytes. Each packet requires 20 bytes of IPv4 header information and 20 bytes of TCP header information, leaving 1460 bytes per packet for file data (Linux and macOS are further limited to 1448 bytes as they also carry a 12-byte time stamp). The data is transmitted over Ethernet in a frame, which imposes a 26 byte overhead per packet. Given these overheads, the maximum goodput is 1460/1526 × 100 Mbit/s which is 95.67 megabits per second or 11.959 megabytes per second.
Note that this example doesn't consider additional Ethernet overhead, such as the interframe gap (a minimum of 96 bit times), or collisions (which have a variable impact, depending on the network load). TCP adds the overhead of acknowledgements (which along with the round-trip delay time and the TCP window size in effect rate-limit each individual TCP connection, see bandwidth-delay product). This example does not consider the overhead of the HTTP protocol itself, which becomes relevant when transferring small files.
Data delivery time
The goodput is a ratio between delivered amount of information, and the total delivery time. This delivery time includes:
Inter-packet time gaps caused by packet generation processing time (a source that does not use the full network capacity), or by protocol timing (for example collision avoidance)
Data and overhead transmissi
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City%20Guys
|
City Guys is an American television sitcom that aired for five seasons on NBC from September 6, 1997, to December 15, 2001. The series aired as part of the network's Saturday morning block, TNBC.
Plot
City Guys was mainly centered on its two main characters, Jamal Grant (Wesley Jonathan) and Chris Anderson (Scott Whyte), two teenagers from different backgrounds – Chris coming from a wealthy family, and Jamal coming from a working-class family – who had to stay on the ball while attending Manhattan High School (which was nicknamed in the series as "Manny High") and avoid trouble, while their principal Karen Noble (Marcella Lowery) attempted to keep them in line and out of trouble. Jamal and Chris's similar personalities caused friction between them in the beginning, but they became best friends as the series went on. The boys and their friends – overachiever Dawn Tartikoff (Caitlin Mowrey), slick guy Al Ramos (Dion Basco), aspiring actress Cassidy Giuliani (Marissa Dyan) and dimwitted bully-turned-friend (who was held back six grades) Lionel "L-Train" Johnson (Steven Daniel) – dealt with the typical teen issues, such as cheating on tests, peer pressure, racism, and dealing with school violence.
Cast
Wesley Jonathan as Jamal Abdul Grant
Scott Whyte as Christopher Robert "Chris" Anderson
Caitlin Mowrey as Dawn Tartikoff
Dion Basco as Alberto ("Al") Rocket Ramos
Marissa Dyan as Cassidy Giuliani
Steven Daniel as Lionel "L-Train" Johnson
Marcella Lowery as Principal Karen Coretta Noble
Theme music
The theme song for City Guys was written by Joey Schwartz, Eric Swerdloff and Michael Muta-Ali Muhammad and composed by Joey Schwartz (who also composed the incidental music used to denote scene changes and breaks in the program). The rap and R&B-infused theme included a chorus, "C-I-T-Y you can see why, these guys, the neat guys, smart and streetwise", which repeating twice consecutively during the beginning, middle and near the end of the song.
Episodes
Series overview
Season 1 (1997)
Season 2 (1998)
Season 3 (1999–2000)
Season 4 (2000–01)
Season 5 (2001)
Syndication
City Guys ran in syndication on local television stations throughout the United States from September 10, 2001 to September 13, 2002, Tribune Entertainment, which distributed the series (its corporate sister at the time, Tribune Broadcasting, incidentally, was the primary station group carrying the series), sold the series as a syndication package–alongside fellow TNBC sitcom California Dreams–for stations to count towards educational programming guidelines set by the Federal Communications Commission. The series later briefly aired on BET for three weeks from October 2, 2010 to October 16, 2010.
As of 2022, City Guys–as well as fellow TNBC sitcom One World–were available for streaming on Tubi. As of June of 2023, City Guys is no longer on Tubi, though One World still is.
References
External links
Official Website
1990s American high school television series
1990s Ame
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outpost%20Firewall%20Pro
|
Outpost Firewall Pro is a discontinued personal firewall developed by Agnitum (founded in 1999 in St. Petersburg, Russia).
Overview
Outpost Firewall Pro monitors incoming and outgoing network traffic on Windows machines. Outpost also monitors application behavior in an attempt to stop malicious software covertly infecting Windows systems. Agnitum called this technology "Component Control" and "Anti-Leak Control" (included into HIPS-based "Host Protection" module). The product also includes a spyware scanner and monitor, along with a pop-up blocker and spyware filter for Internet Explorer and Mozilla Firefox. (Outpost's web surfing security tools had included black-lists for IPs and URLs, unwanted web page element filters and ad-blocking. The technology altogether is known as "Web control".)
Version 7.5 adds new techniques to help PC users block unknown new threats before their activation:
Removable media protection (so-called "USB Virus Protection", part of the Proactive Protection module) blocks unsigned programs set to run automatically upon the connection of a removable media.
SmartDecision technology (so-called "Personal Virus Adviser", basis of the Proactive Protection module) facilitates decision-making process.
Version 8 introduces further improvements as well as Windows 8 compatibility and a redesigned user interface; version 8 also has extends x64 host-based intrusion-prevention system (HIPS) support.
Outpost Firewall Pro allows the user to specifically define how a PC application connects to the Internet. This is known as the "Rules Wizard" mode, or policy, and is the default behavior for the program. In this mode, Outpost Firewall Pro displays a prompt each time a new process attempts network access or when a process requests a connection that was not covered by its pre-validated rules. The idea is to let the user decide whether an application should be allowed a network connection to a specific address, port or protocol. Outpost Firewall includes pre-set rules for many popular applications. Users could optionally submit rules they had created.
First versions for Outpost Firewall Pro (1.0–4.0) allow users to create their own plugins and add other third-party plugins to meet specific needs. Later versions do not have the plugin programming interface.
Online assistance
Outpost Firewall Pro users developed an unofficial web forum fed by Agnitum since 2002 to discuss product features and support. The forum is moderated by experienced senior users of Outpost Firewall Pro and offers help and support for technical advice and program assistance.
Achievements
Outpost Firewall Pro's self-protection technology aims at detecting attempts to modify or disable its services or hinder program protection, and received accolades by Comparison Testers as being capable and sophisticated at detecting all known methods of disabling it without user permission. The testing site Matousec.com (performing a test-set of leak-tests to all known softwa
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RKB%20Mainichi%20Broadcasting
|
(stylized as rkb) is a broadcasting station in Fukuoka, Japan, and it is affiliated with Japan Radio Network (JRN), Japan News Network (JNN) and TBS Network. It is owned by Mainichi Broadcasting System, Mainichi Shimbun and the Aso Group.
The initials RKB stand for , the station's former name.
History
In 1950, following the enactment of the Radio Law, Mainichi Shimbun wanted to establish three radio stations (Tokyo, Osaka and Fukuoka). The Fukuoka station was named Radio Kyushu. A license for JOFR was issued on April 21, 1951 and the company was formally established on June 29. On December 1, Radio Kyushu begins its operations.
RKB started television broadcasts on March 1, 1958. At the same time, the station had to merge with Mainichi Seibu Television (tentative calls JOGX-TV, later reassigned in 2013 after CBC TV spun-off). Consequently the planned JOGX was opened as the Kitakyushu satellite station (JOFO-TV).
Station
Radio
Fukuoka: 1278 kHz JOFR 50 kW; 91.0 MHz FM
Kitakyushu: 1197 kHz JOFO 1 kW; 91.5 MHz FM
Omuta: 1062 kHz JOFE 100W; 94.8 MHz FM
Yukuhashi: 1062 kHz 100W; 94.6 MHz FM
TV (Analog)
Fukuoka: Channel 4 JOFR-TV
Kitakyushu :Channel 8 JOFO-TV
Kurume: Channel 48 JOFC-TV
Omuta: Channel 61
Yukuhashi: Channel 60
TV (Digital)
Button 4
Fukuoka: Channel 30 JOFR-DTV
Program
Anime
Bocchi the Rock!
The Idolmaster
TV
Kyokan TV(13:55 - 15:50 every Monday To Friday)
Kyokan News
Watch@24
Rkb+ Sunday Watch
Tadaima!
TEEN!TEEN!
Mame Gohan。
P Paradise (about Pachinko).
Other TV stations in Fukuoka
NHK Fukuoka and Kitakyushu
Kyushu Asahi Broadcasting (KBC, , affiliated with TV Asahi and ANN) - 1
Fukuoka Broadcasting Corporation (FBS, , affiliated with NTV and NNN / NNS) - 5
TVQ Kyushu Broadcasting (TVQ, , affiliated with TV Tokyo and TX Network) - 7
Television Nishinippon Corporation (TNC, , affiliated with CX and FNN / FNS) - 8
References
Japan News Network
Television stations in Japan
Radio in Japan
Radio stations established in 1951
Television channels and stations established in 1958
Mass media in Fukuoka
1951 establishments in Japan
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western%20Australian%20Regional%20Computing%20Centre
|
Western Australian Regional Computing Centre (WARCC) was part of the University of Western Australia, formed to provide computing services to the university, other universities in Western Australia, government departments, and to some private companies. It specialised in technical and scientific computing. It was formed on 1 January 1972, and ceased in 1991, when parts of it were spun off to become Winthrop Technology.
Among the services it provided were time-shared computer processing, facilities management, software development, microcomputer rental and sales. It was Digital Equipment Corporation's first customer for the PDP-6.
Its first Director was Dennis Moore (1972–1979), followed by Alex Reid (1979–1991).
WARCC's Data Communications group, headed by Terry Gent, developed computer networking hardware and software. Using a combination of equipment from Digital Equipment Corporation and other vendors, and hardware and software that the group developed, it built a campus-wide network and then extended that to link the networks of the universities in Western Australia in the first heterogeneous packet switching network in Australia.
External links
WARCC History Page
UWA Computing History Page
"Cyberhistory": MSc thesis by Keith Falloon, 2001
"Computing", Historical Encyclopedia of Western Australia, UWA Press, 2009, Gregory, J. & Gothard, J., editors, p223-224
University of Western Australia
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colonial%20National%20Bank
|
The full name of the bank is National Bank of Fiji trading as Colonial National Bank. The bank is as of December 2009 a subsidiary of Bank South Pacific and has the largest branch network in Fiji. It also has a majority holding in one of the two merchant banks in the country.
History
The Fijian government established the National Bank of Fiji in 1976 on the base of the Savings Bank of Fiji, founded in 1907. After the 1987 coup, the NBF made a push to serve the indigenous Fijian population (in contradistinction to the Fijian population of Indian origin) by introducing new services, expanding its staff by hiring mainly indigenous Fijians, and increasing its lending to indigenous Fijians. In mid-1995 NBF was running bad and doubtful debts of at least F$90 million. By 1996 NBF’s bad and doubtful debts were estimated at over F$220million, or 8 percent of GDP. In 1998 the government split NBF into a "good bank", which it privatized, and a "bad bank", which took over the non-performing loans. The government essentially raided the national provident fund to fund the bad bank. In 1999 the financial services group, Colonial Ltd, acquired 51% of National Bank of Fiji, which it renamed Colonial National Bank. In 2000 Colonial Ltd. merged with the Commonwealth Bank. On 27 January 2006 the Commonwealth Bank acquired the remaining 49% stake in Colonial National Bank from the Fiji government. As of December 2009 Papua New Guinea's Bank South Pacific made a complete acquisition of Colonial National from the Commonwealth Bank thus in proceeding months Colonial National will re-brand itself as a branch of BSP.
Notes and references
Sources
R. Grynberg, D. Munro & M. White. 2002. CRISIS: Collapse of the National Bank of Fiji. USP Book Centre.
Banks of Fiji
1976 establishments in Fiji
Banks established in 1976
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City%20of%20Heroes%20%28comics%29
|
City of Heroes is an American comic book based on the characters and situations from the now closed City of Heroes massively multiplayer online role-playing computer game.
North American subscribers to the game originally received the City of Heroes monthly comic book in the mail; it is also available in some comic book stores. The comic follows the adventures of fictional Paragon City heroes and ties into the game's plot development at times, as well as featuring a section devoted to fan art, fan fiction, and other miscellany in the back. At times, this rear section has also included comic strips by Tim Buckley of Ctrl+Alt+Del and Aaron Williams of PS238 and Nodwick.
Promotional comic
A single promotional comic was released in 2002 by Dark Horse Comics to promote the game. Written by Richard Dakan and drawn by Rick Zombo, the issue followed the story of a hero new to Paragon City named Thunder-Clap, and set some of the story behind the game, including the Fifth Column, the Freakshow, and the Statesman. This promotional issue also featured Apex and War Witch, who later became protagonists in the Blue King Studios publication of the comic book.
Blue King Studios run
The comic's first volume was published by Blue King Studios and ran 12 issues cover-dated from June 2004 to May 2005. It was written by one of the game's designers, Rick Dakan, art was by Brandon McKinney. Coloring was by Moose Bauman (issues 1–4) and Austin McKinley (issues 5–12). Issue 12 was written by Neil Hendrick, who lettered the entire series.
It followed the story of the heroes Apex, a martial artist with no super powers; War Witch, a magic user who had ice blasts and a mystical fiery sword; and Horus, an Egyptian-themed hero who nearly died during the Ritki War and was saved from death by becoming the host of a Kheldian.
These characters were virtually unmentioned in the game save for an Exploration Badge in Steel Canyon stating that Apex and War Witch were roommates (and possibly lovers). There is also an exploration badge in the Faultline zone which references where Apex tracked down the archvillain, Dr. Vahzilok. In Issue #5, War Witch was made the trainer (an NPC hero where players level up) in Croatoa as a ghost. When Pocket D was revamped in February 2006, War Witch was made an NPC stationary character on the Hero side of the dance club. In Issue 20, Apex was added as a new Task Force contact, with his in game description summarizing the events of the last few issues of this series, making them official in-game canon. There have been no other mentions of Horus, yet.
Image Comics' Top Cow Productions run
Beginning with the June 2005 issue, the comic book was published by Top Cow Productions, written by noted comic book writer Mark Waid, and illustrated by newcomer David Nakayama. Unlike the previous volume, this series follows the adventures of the city's most illustrious supergroup, the Freedom Phalanx led by the Statesman.
Mark Waid wrote the first three
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Bank%20of%20Solomon%20Islands
|
National Bank of Solomon Islands (NBSI) was a retail bank operating in Solomon Islands that has been part of the Bank South Pacific (BSP) since 2007. It had the largest network of offices (eight branches and eight agencies) in the islands. Although the bank overall was profitable, the offices outside Honiara, the capital, were running at a loss before Papua New Guinea’s largest bank acquired the bank and rebranded the bank as BSP.
History
In 1951 Commonwealth Bank of Australia, the government-owned Australian bank, established a branch in Solomon Islands. In 1981 Commonwealth transferred its operations in Solomon Islands to the National Bank of Solomon Islands, which operated a joint venture (51-49, Commonwealth and Government of Solomon Islands). At the time the bank had two branches, 14 agencies, and some 50 staff. In 1994 Commonwealth sold its shares in the National Bank of Solomon Islands to Bank of Hawaii. In 2002 Bank of Hawaii, which was undoing its strategy of acquiring banks in the Pacific, was unable to find a buyer for its shares. Bank of Hawaii then simply gave its 51% stake in NBSI to the Solomon Islands government. Until BSP bought NBSI, the people of Solomon Islands indirectly owned the bank through four trusts: National Provident Fund (NPF), which owned 49%, and three other trusts, the NBSI Health and Welfare Trust, NBSI Education Trust, and NBSI Employees Trust, each of which owned 17%.
In 2003, widespread public unrest over the failure of a pyramid investment scheme forced ANZ to hire a charter jet to fly its expatriate bank officials to Melbourne. Westpac, National Bank of Solomon Islands, and the Solomon Islands central bank closed their branches. Eventually. all four reopened.
On 27 April 2007, Bank South Pacific made a formal announcement to the Port Moresby Stock Exchange that it had wholly acquired NBSI. NBSI now operates as Bank South Pacific, with operations in the Solomon Islands, Fiji, and Papua New Guinea. On 29 January 2015, BSP entered into an agreement to acquire Westpac's banking operations in Samoa, Cook Islands, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu and Tonga for A$125 million.
References
Companies of the Solomon Islands
Banks established in 1981
1981 establishments in the Solomon Islands
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold%20Thimbleby
|
Harold W. Thimbleby (born 19 July 1955) is a British professor of computer science at Swansea University, Wales. He is known for his works on user interface design within the realm of human computer interaction.
Overview
Harold Thimbleby held the post of director of UCLIC, University College London's Interaction Centre, from its establishment in 2001. From 2001 to 2004, he was also the 28th Professor of Geometry at Gresham College, London. Thimbleby founded the Future Interaction Technology Lab at Swansea University in 2005.
Thimbleby runs the Swansea University Research Forum, as well as giving talks on science and religion.
Research interests
Thimbleby's research interests include:
Interactive handwriting calculators
Improving medical devices
Improving ethics in research
Markov Modeling
Matrix Modeling
Selected works
Article on literate programming,1986 (Winner of the British Computer Society Wilkes Award.)
User Interface Design, Addison-Wesley, 1990.
HyperProgramming, with G. F. Coulouris, Addison-Wesley, 1990.
Press On, MIT Press, 2007. (Winner, in the Computer and Information Sciences category, of the Association of American Publishers' Publishing Awards for Excellence competition.)
The Diversity and Ethics, with Paul Cairns, University College London Interaction Center.
References
External links
Harold Thimbleby home page
1955 births
Living people
British computer scientists
Human–computer interaction researchers
Academics of University College London
Academics of Swansea University
Professors of Gresham College
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read%E2%80%93modify%E2%80%93write
|
In computer science, read–modify–write is a class of atomic operations (such as test-and-set, fetch-and-add, and compare-and-swap) that both read a memory location and write a new value into it simultaneously, either with a completely new value or some function of the previous value. These operations prevent race conditions in multi-threaded applications. Typically they are used to implement mutexes or semaphores. These atomic operations are also heavily used in non-blocking synchronization.
Maurice Herlihy (1991) ranks atomic operations by their consensus numbers, as follows:
: memory-to-memory move and swap, augmented queue, compare-and-swap, fetch-and-cons, sticky byte, load-link/store-conditional (LL/SC)
: -register assignment
: test-and-set, swap, fetch-and-add, queue, stack
: atomic read and atomic write
It is impossible to implement an operation that requires a given consensus number with only operations with a lower consensus number, no matter how many of such operations one uses. Read–modify–write instructions often produce unexpected results when used on I/O devices, as a write operation may not affect the same internal register that would be accessed in a read operation.
This term is also associated with RAID levels that perform actual write operations as atomic read–modify–write sequences. Such RAID levels include RAID 4, RAID 5 and RAID 6.
See also
Linearizability
Read–erase–modify–write
References
Concurrency control
Computer memory
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHH
|
DHH can refer to:
David Heinemeier Hansson, a Danish computer programmer
Deaf and hard of hearing
Desert hedgehog (protein), a protein encoded by the Dhh gene
DHH phosphatase family
Louisiana Department of Health and Hospitals
Dhh, a 2017 Indian children's film
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia%20News%20Network
|
Asia News Network (ANN) is a news coalition of 24 news organisations from various Asian countries. Headquartered in Singapore, it was established in 1999 to form an alliance and enhance co-operation between them and their respective journalists and newspapers.
Through the coalition, members pool resources and expertise to offer in-depth coverage of regional and international issues by presenting local viewpoints on complex topics. Most newspapers in this coalition are also the newspaper of record in their respective countries.
Members
Asia News Network members consist of the following publications:
The Straits Times
The Korea Herald
China Daily
Gogo Mongolia
The Japan News
Dawn
The Statesman
The Island
Kuensel
Kathmandu Post
Daily Star
Eleven Media
The Nation
The Jakarta Post
The Star
Sin Chew Daily
Phnom Penh Post
Rasmei Kampuchea
The Borneo Bulletin
Vietnam News
Philippine Daily Inquirer
Vientiane Times
See also
European Dailies Alliance
Leading European Newspaper Alliance
Grupo de Diarios América
Latin American Newspaper Association
References
External links
Asia News Network
Organisations based in Singapore
SPH Media
Mass media in East Asia
Mass media in Southeast Asia
Organizations established in 1999
1999 establishments in Singapore
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WKGB
|
The callsign WKGB can refer to:
WKGB-TV, a television station (channel 29, virtual channel 53) licensed to Bowling Green, Kentucky, United States, part of the Kentucky Educational Television network
WKGB-FM, a rock music station (92.5 FM) licensed to Conklin, New York, United States
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertram%20Raphael
|
Bertram Raphael (born 1936) is an American computer scientist known for his contributions to artificial intelligence.
Early life and education
Raphael was born in 1936 in New York. He received his bachelor's degree in physics from the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 1957, and an MS degree in Applied Math from Brown University in 1959. He was a student of Marvin Minsky at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and received his PhD in mathematics in 1964.
Career
Raphael started at SRI International in 1964 as a consultant. After completing his Ph.D. at MIT, he was at the University of California, Berkeley for an academic year, and subsequently joined SRI full-time in April 1965. He was a long-time member of SRI's Artificial Intelligence Center, and was its director from 1970 to 1973. While at SRI, he helped invent the A* search algorithm and develop Shakey the robot, which was one of the first projects sponsored by DARPA; Raphael directed work on Shakey from 1970 to 1971. He also co-founded the Journal of Artificial Intelligence.
In 1976 he sold the NLS technology developed by the Augmentation Research Center (ARC), led by Douglas Engelbart, to Tymshare.
From 1980 to 1990 Raphael worked as a research manager at Hewlett Packard. From 1990 to 1997 he helped his wife, Anne, operate Compass Point Travel Inc., a business that she had founded in 1980 in Mountain View, California.
He was a Senior Fulbright Lecturer in Vienna during 1973 and 1974.
Selected publications
Books
The Thinking Computer: Mind Inside Matter (W.H. Freeman & Company, 1976)
Dissertation
SIR (Semantic Information Retrieval program) on the logical representation of knowledge for question-answering systems (MIT, 1964)
See also
History of artificial intelligence
References
Artificial intelligence researchers
Living people
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute alumni
Massachusetts Institute of Technology School of Science alumni
1936 births
SRI International people
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89ric%20Poulat
|
Éric Poulat (born 8 September 1963 in Bron, Rhône) is a French retired football referee and computer scientist. Appointed as a referee on 1 January 1999, he made his international debut in a 2002 FIFA World Cup qualifier on 28 March 2001 between (Poland and Armenia). He went on to officiate at the 2004 Olympic Tournament, qualifying matches for UEFA Euro 2004 and the 2006 World Cup, and the 2006 World Cup itself.
Poulat retired as an international referee in 2006.
References
External links
FIFA profile
Reuters profile
1963 births
Living people
People from Bron
French football referees
2006 FIFA World Cup referees
Sportspeople from Lyon Metropolis
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thunder%20Bay%20Public%20Library
|
The Thunder Bay Public Library serves the citizens of Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada and surrounding areas.
Services
Information and reference services
Access to full text databases
Community information
Internet access
Reader's advisory services
Programs for children, youth and adults
Delivery to homebound individuals
Interlibrary loan
Free downloadable audiobooks
History
The library got its start when the Port Arthur Library opened a Mechanics' Institute in the schoolhouse in 1876. Membership fees were $20.00 for life or $2.00 per year. The present building at 285 Red River Road opened on June 1, 1951 as the Port Arthur Public Library.
Library services for Fort William began in 1885 when Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR) employees opened a bath, along with a smoking and literary room, with a library attached in the Round House at West Fort William. Fees were $1.25 per year for CPR employees; non-employees were required to pay $1.25 for use of the tub.
With the assistance of a $50,000 grant from the Carnegie Foundation, the Fort William Library moved to its new location at 216 South Brodie Street in 1912, with Mary J. L. Black as the librarian (who served from 1909 to 1937). The Fort William Library saw its first major change when an addition was added to the south side of the building in 1955, increasing the floor area from to . In 1966 the front entrance was rebuilt. The Brodie Resource Library celebrated its centennial on April 29, 2012.
The present Thunder Bay Public Library officially came into being in 1970, after the amalgamation of the Port Arthur and Fort William branches. The inaugural meeting of the Library Board was held in January, 1970; the Chairman opened the meeting by outlining the problems facing the Board in integrating the operations of the two branches. It was also deemed essential that a logo should be created for use on stationary, posters, signs and cards. A contest was held requesting designs from the public, and in March 1971 the first prize design was adopted, showing a Native Canadian reading a book. The logo was revised in March 1992 by Barry Smith to reflect a more modern outlook. There was a new logo launched in May 2010, which was developed in consultation with Generator Strategy Advertising with input from the community.
Bookmobile
The Thunder Bay Public Library purchased a bookmobile in 1976 in order to provide decentralized library service to the amalgamated city's suburbs and rural areas. The bookmobile began its service in November 1976. Within its first year, it doubled its number of stops; by the fall of 1977 its schedule included eighteen different stops. Due to budget cutbacks, the bookmobile service was stopped in 1986. The library sold the bookmobile in 1986.
Branches
Former branches
The Thunder Bay Public Library opened a branch in Victoriaville Mall in 1981. The Victoriaville Branch Library housed the fiction collection from the Brodie Resource Library. A 1977 study determined t
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trams%20in%20Lviv
|
The Lviv tramway network (, translit.: L’vivs’kyi tramvai) is an electric tram in Lviv, Ukraine. It is one of two tram system in the Western Ukraine (the other one in Vinnytsia), and the largest among narrow-gauge tram systems in Ukraine.
From 1880 to 1908, the trams used a horse-drawn system, converting to an electric system after 1894. It is the first in the territory of modern Ukraine to have a system of horse-drawn trams, or any type of tram, as well as the second one after the Kyiv trams to use electricity.
The tram system's greatest height was reached on the eve of the Second World War, when it was the main transport system of the city; from the middle of the 20th century it gradually lost its position. In 2010, the tram accounted for 24.4% of passenger traffic in the city. As of January 1, 2022, there were 8 routes in the system, operated by the utility "LKP Lvivelectrotrans". At the end of 2021, 24,678,300 paid passengers (including 2,785,623 students) used the services of trams and trolleybuses. In 2021, trams performed 3.79 million km of transportation work (vehicle-km). The length of the tracks and contact network is 81.85 km (2022), and the route network is 99.1 km (2022).
It is planned that in the future the tram will become a primary mode of transport in Lviv.
History
Horse-tram
The first time the possibility of a horse-drawn tram in Lviv was discussed was in the late 1860s. In 1870, a project for the construction of a horse-drawn tram in Lviv was developed by two British firms but was rejected by the Lviv City Council. However, in 1878, when it became clear that without public transport the city could not thrive, the city council announced a competition for the construction of tramways. Applications were filed by Belgian and Trieste tram companies. The commission created by the magistrate preferred the Trieste Tramway Company ("Societa Triestina Tramway" ), and a contract was signed on February 1, 1879. After this initial step and after 25 years of operation, the tram network became the property of the city. On May 21, a construction plan was approved.
On November 25, 1879, a trial trip took place. Here is a description from November 27 of that year found in "Lvivska Gazeta" :
The first tram in Ukraine was opened in Lviv on May 3, 1880. After May 5, payment for travel was introduced. The newspaper "Dilo" wrote on this subject:
There were two lines functioning (the main railway station – Gorodotska Street, the Customs Square and the main railway station – Podzamcze ), which transported an average of 1,867,000 passengers per year. In 1889, there were 105 horses and 37 passenger and 3 freight cars made in the Austrian city of Graz. They were dark brown with white inscriptions reading "Lviv Tram" (), decorated with a red border. In the summer, each wagon was pulled by a couple of horses, but on the streets of Gorodotska and Shevchenko, the wagons were pulled by three horses when ascending, and one when descending (accordingly
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WTJP-TV
|
WTJP-TV (channel 60) is a television station licensed to Gadsden, Alabama, United States, serving the Birmingham area as an owned-and-operated station of the Trinity Broadcasting Network (TBN). The station's transmitter is located on Blount Mountain near Springville, Alabama.
The station formerly operated from a studio located on Rosedale Avenue in Gadsden. That facility was one of several closed by TBN in 2019 following the Federal Communications Commission (FCC)'s abolition of the "Main Studio Rule", which required full-service television stations like WTJP-TV to maintain facilities in or near their communities of license.
History
The station first signed on the air on July 22, 1986, and was built and signed on by All American TV (not to be confused with an unrelated television syndication company of a similar name), a minority-owned firm with close ties to the Trinity Broadcasting Network; all of All American's stations were TBN affiliates. TBN acquired the All American group outright, including WTJP, in 2000.
Technical information
Subchannels
Analog-to-digital conversion
WTJP-TV shut down its analog signal, over UHF channel 60, on April 16, 2009, ahead of the official June 12 date on which full-power television stations in the United States transitioned from analog to digital broadcasts under federal mandate. The station's digital signal remained on its pre-transition UHF channel 26. Through the use of PSIP, digital television receivers display the station's virtual channel as its former UHF analog channel 60, which was among the high band UHF channels (52-69) that were removed from broadcasting use as a result of the transition.
Former translators
WTJP-TV's signal was formerly relayed on low-power translator stations W51BY (channel 51) in Jasper and W46BU (channel 46) in Tuscaloosa; the latter station went silent on April 13, 2010, due to declining support, which was attributed to the digital transition.
References
External links
Television channels and stations established in 1986
1986 establishments in Alabama
Trinity Broadcasting Network affiliates
TJP-TV
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%20Csuri
|
Charles Csuri (July 4, 1922 – February 27, 2022), better known as Chuck Csuri, was an American artist and computer art creator, described by the Smithsonian magazine as the "father of digital art and computer animation."
Biography
Digital art
Csuri created his first digital art pieces in 1964, and was quickly recognized by the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) and the Association for Computing Machinery Special Interest Group Graphics (ACM SIGGRAPH). In particular, his 1967 short film Hummingbird, a collaboration with James Shaffer, is in MoMa's permanent collection as one of the earliest surviving examples of computer animation. Csuri taught for over forty years at Ohio State University, and between 1971 and 1987 established a series of groundbreaking graphics research centers there: the Computer Graphics Research Group, the Ohio Supercomputer Graphics Project, and Cranston/Csuri Productions, which spun off from the university in 1981 to become one of the world's first computer animation production companies. In 1987, these groups combined to form the Advanced Computing Center for Arts and Design (ACCAD), which remains in operation as of 2022. In 2000, Csuri received an Ohio Governor's Award for the Arts and Ohio State's Sullivant Medal, the institution's highest honor, in acknowledgement of his lifetime achievements. A retrospective exhibit of seventy of Csuri's artworks, titled Beyond Boundaries, traveled to museums throughout Europe and Asia in 2010. Other notable works by Csuri include Random War (1967), Sine Curve Man (1967), Wondrous Spring (1992), Spinning (1994), A Happy Time (1996), Random War Pics (2013), Despair (2016), Doddle (2016), Old Age (2016), and ribFIG (2016).
College football career
Csuri attended Ohio State on a football scholarship. He became captain of their first national championship football team, and is in the College Football Hall of Fame as MVP in the 1942 Big Ten Conference. He was selected in the 1944 NFL Draft by the Chicago Cardinals (16th round, 154th overall pick), but declined the offer in order to serve in World War II.
Military service
Csuri served in the U.S. Army from 1943 to 1946, receiving the Bronze Star in 1945 for heroism in the Battle of the Bulge.
Teaching career
Csuri returned to Ohio State and completed his MA in art in 1948. In 1949, he joined the faculty of the Department of Art at the university. He became a full Professor of Art Education in 1978, a Professor of Computer Information Science in 1986, and Professor Emeritus in 1990.
Personal life
Csuri was born in Grant Town, West Virginia, on July 4, 1922, to parents from Hungary. He grew up in Cleveland, Ohio. He died in Lakewood Ranch, Florida, on February 27, 2022, at the age of 99.
References
External links
Oral history interview with Charles A. Csuri, Charles Babbage Institute, University of Minnesota. Csuri recounts his art education and explains his transition to computer graphics in the mid-1960s.
The Charles A. Csuri Project at
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted%20Lewis%20%28computer%20scientist%29
|
Theodore Gyle (Ted) Lewis (born 1941) is an American computer scientist and mathematician, and professor at the Naval Postgraduate School.
Biography
Lewis received his BS in Mathematics and his PhD in computer Science. He started his career at the Oregon State University, where he became Professor of Computer Science and directed its Industry Research Center OACIS.
In 1993 he moved to the Naval Postgraduate School, where he was chairman of computer science for four years. In 1997 he moved to DaimlerChrysler Research and Technology, North America, Inc., where he served as president and CEO. After about three years he moved to the Eastman Kodak Company, where he directed the Digital Business Development division. In his retirement from industry in 2002, he became professor at the Naval Postgraduate School.
A columnist for IEEE Internet Computing, he has contributed pieces to Scientific American and Upside. He has served two stints of Editor-in-Chief, at IEEE Software from 1987 to 1990 and at Computer from 1993 to 1994.
Selected publications
Lewis has written or co-authored 30 books, including:
El-Rewini, Hesham, Theodore G. Lewis, and Hesham H. Ali. Task scheduling in parallel and distributed systems. Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1994.
Lewis, Theodore Gyle. The friction-free economy: Marketing strategies for a wired world. HarperBusiness, 1997.
El-Rewini, Hesham, and Ted G. Lewis. Distributed and parallel computing. Manning Publications Co., 1998.
Lewis, Ted G. Microsoft Rising: And Other Tales of the Silicon Valley. IEEE Computer Society Press, 1999.
Articles, a selection
Lewis, Theodore G., and William H. Payne. "Generalized feedback shift register pseudorandom number algorithm." Journal of the ACM 20.3 (1973): 456–468.
El-Rewini, Hesham, and Ted G. Lewis. "Scheduling parallel program tasks onto arbitrary target machines." Journal of parallel and Distributed Computing 9.2 (1990): 138–153.
References
External links
Ted Lewis's web site
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
1941 births
American computer scientists
Naval Postgraduate School faculty
Oregon State University faculty
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl%20Chang%20%28computer%20scientist%29
|
Carl Kochao Chang () is Professor of Computer Science, Professor of Human Computer Interaction and Director of Software Engineering Laboratory in the Department of Computer Science at Iowa State University, where he served as its department chair from 2002 to 2013. He received a PhD in computer science from Northwestern University.
Career
He worked for GTE Automatic Electric and Bell Laboratories before joining the University of Illinois at Chicago in 1984, where he directed the International Center for Software Engineering. He served as Professor and Director for the Institute for Mobile, Pervasive, and Agile Computing Technologies (IMPACT) at Auburn University from 2001 to 2002, before moving to Iowa State University in July 2002 to take the department chair position. Chang was the 2004 IEEE Computer Society president. Previously he served as the Editor-in-Chief for IEEE Software (1991–1994) and Editor-in-Chief for IEEE Computer (2007–2010). He spearheaded the Computing Curricula 2001 (CC2001) project jointly sponsored by the IEEE Computer Society, the ACM, and the National Science Foundation. He is a Life Fellow of IEEE, a Fellow of AAAS, and a Life Fellow and an officer of the European Academy of Sciences. Chang retired from Iowa State University in 2022.
Awards and recognition
He received the 2000 IEEE Third Millennium Medal, the 2006 Bulgaria Academy of Sciences Marin Drinov Medal, and the 2012 IEEE Computer Society Richard E. Merwin Medal. As a three times winner of IBM Faculty Award, Chang's research interests include software engineering, human computer interaction and digital health. He is the founder of Situation Analytics based on his Situ theoretical framework. He is the recipient of the 2014 Overseas Outstanding Contribution Award from China Computer Federation (CCF 中国计算机学会) as well as the 2014 Distinguished Alumnus by the National Central University in Taiwan (中央大學－台灣)。
References
External links
Professor Carl K. Chang's official web site
Professor Carl K. Chang's personal web site
American computer scientists
American people of Taiwanese descent
Auburn University faculty
Fellow Members of the IEEE
Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
Iowa State University faculty
University of Illinois Chicago faculty
Living people
Northwestern University alumni
Engineers from Iowa
National Central University alumni
1952 births
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana%20%28video%20game%29
|
is a fixed screen puzzle video game produced by Victor Musical Industries that was released exclusively for the Family Computer in Japan in 1986.
Gameplay
The player controls a mole which digs through dirt collecting various fruits and vegetables. In most stages, the produce must be collected in a specific order, or the player may become stuck and be forced to restart the stage. During the stages, the player must also retrieve a female mole, referred to in the instruction manual as the player's daughter-in-law. When all objectives are complete, the player must leave through the exit. If the player dies, the character says something along the lines of "I'm beat."
Among the fruits the player must collect are bananas. These are special fruits which give the player one of four items: a bomb, a ladder segment, a rope, or a rock. These may be used to free a stuck player following a misstep. If a player walks under a rock, that rock shakes. When the player moves out from under the rock, the rock and any rocks on top of it fall. The player cannot die from a falling rock, but may become stuck a rock blocks the exit.
There are 105 stages in Banana. Both of the final stages of the game loop from left to right, meaning that it is possible to quickly warp from one part of the level to another. Each stage progressively becomes more difficult. At the end of each stage, the number of steps the player took is totaled. This step count negatively affects the total score.
Players can even design their own levels. All the produce that is available in the game can be used and the size of the map can be controlled. With the original Famicom system, players can save their creations to a specially formatted cassette tape. After completing the design, players can immediately play in their new creation.
References
1986 video games
Japan-exclusive video games
Nintendo Entertainment System games
Nintendo Entertainment System-only games
Puzzle video games
Rocks-and-diamonds games
Video games developed in Japan
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Red%20Star
|
The Red Star is a comic book series created by American artist Christian Gossett and a large team, and first published by Image Comics in 2001. It was one of the first computer-generated comics, making heavy use of line-art from 3D models to present large cinematic scenes suited to its expansive sci-fi/fantasy world. This world is described by Gossett as a "Mythic [Soviet] Russia", the "Lands of The Red Star" being inspired by both Russian folklore and military history. The series is thus heavily reminiscent of a post-World War II Soviet Union, mixing technology and sorcery, in a blend known within the lore as "Military Industrial Sorcery".
Development and predecessor works
Tales of the Ninja Warriors
Christian Gossett began his career in 1988 on Tales of the Ninja Warriors for CFW publishing. CFW, a Martial Arts supply distributor, received a pitch from Bradley "Peter" Parker, a comics artist and writer. The pitch was to publish a black and white comics anthology, in which their martial arts catalogue could be advertised. The late 80's black and white boom being in full swing, CFW greenlit the anthology, and Tales of the Ninja Warriors joined the mania.
Only nineteen years old when he was hired, and with no previous professional comics experience, Gossett was tasked with creating, writing, drawing, inking and lettering his pages every month. From there, thanks to the recommendation of his friend Frank Gomez, Gossett was hired by Dark Horse Comics to pencil the first two issues of Star Wars: Tales of the Jedi. A lifelong Star Wars fan like most of his generation, Gossett threw himself into the role.
Star Wars: Tales of the Jedi
The Star Wars license was, at that time, held by Mike Richardson's Dark Horse Comics. Dark Horse was pivotal in the comics revival of the 80's, bringing a defiant rebel energy to the industry long dominated by the (then) aging titans Marvel and DC. Dark Horse had success with their first offering, Dark Empire, illustrated by the great Cam Kennedy, and wanted to expand their Star Wars line. Their first effort was Star Wars: Tales of the Jedi, designed as an anthology of different characters and artists. Gossett was awarded the two part story featured in the premiere issue and issue #2. The comics boom of the 80's was blossoming into a 1990s that would change the industry forever. Gossett recalled that "it was a different time in the industry. My royalty check from Tales of the Jedi #1 was enough that I bought a brand new Ford pickup truck". Gossett's editors, Barbara Kesel, Dan Thorsland and Bob Cooper, were mentors to Gossett through the entire run.
Gossett's innovative designs and romantic imagery would keep him in the Old Republic for several more Star Wars series: "In the midst of all of this fun, I had learned so much about storytelling, I couldn't help but ask myself what kind of story I would tell. I was living in Berkeley at the time, and one night in my studio apartment, I thought long and hard about a proje
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wisconsin%20Integrally%20Synchronized%20Computer
|
The Wisconsin Integrally Synchronized Computer (WISC) was an early digital computer designed and built at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. Operational in 1954, it was the first digital computer in the state.
Pioneering computer designer Gene Amdahl drafted the WISC's design as his PhD thesis. The computer was built over the period 1951-1954. It had 1,024 50-bit words (equivalent to about 6 KB) of drum memory, with an operation time of 1/15 second and throughput of 60 operations per second, which was achieved by an early form of instruction pipeline. It was capable of both fixed and floating point operation.
It weighed about .
Part of it was at the Computer History Museum until about 2020, when it was moved to an unknown location.
References
External links
Oral history interview with Gene M. Amdahl. Charles Babbage Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis. Amdahl starts by describing his early life and education, recalling his experiences teaching in the Advanced Specialized Training Program during and after World War II. Amdahl discusses his graduate work at the University of Wisconsin and his direction of the design and construction of the Wisconsin Integrally Synchronized Computer. Describes his role in the design of several computers for IBM including the STRETCH, IBM 701, 701A, and IBM 704. He discusses his work with Nathaniel Rochester and IBM's management of the design process for computers. He also mentions his work with Ramo-Wooldridge, Aeronutronic, and Computer Sciences Corporation.
Contains Gene Amdahl's PhD thesis and WISC User's Manual
Photos:
Early computers
One-of-a-kind computers
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coodabeen%20Champions
|
The Coodabeen Champions (often referred to as The Coodabeens) are an Australian comedy team with radio programs broadcast on the ACE Radio Network in Melbourne on 1377AM 3MP and across regional Victoria and Southern New South Wales. The Coodabeens Footy Show is broadcast between 4.00 pm – 6.00 pm. The Coodabeens have been a feature on Melbourne radio for 40 years. Their producer is Andy "Young Andy" Bellairs. On 24 October 2021, The Coodabeen Champions announced on Twitter that their 2022 programme will broadcast on 3MP and Ace Radio Networks, after being at the ABC for over 27 years.
Coodabeens Footy Show
The program began in 1981 on 3RRR and has twice moved to the ABC. It is now broadcast primarily on the Ace Radio Network, via 3MP and numerous regional stations. It is mainly focused on Australian rules football, with the Coodabeens discussing current sports events and news in a humorous manner, also interviewing numerous retired football players and commentators. Its current members are Jeff Richardson, Ian Cover, Greg Champion, "Torch" McGee and Billy Baxter. Simon Whelan had a hiatus from the show while serving as a judge of the Supreme Court of Victoria, but has returned as of April 2020. Former members of the group include Tony Leonard.
The show includes various regular segments, including:
Covie's Quiz: a football-related quiz run by Ian Cover.
Guru Bob: a fictional Guru – he has belonged to various religions – who claims to relate advice to Australian Football League players and coaches who "visit the temple", often giving them comical spins on well-known philosophical quotes as this advice. He is described as the Coodabeens' Special Adviser on Football Spirituality and has released numerous books of football quotes. For example, "It says in The Bible, Book of Shane 3:11: 'It is harder to win a Premiership, than it is to put a needle into the eye of a camel'."
Greg's Songs: Greg Champion, a singer-songwriter, performs parodies of popular songs and relates them to Australian rules footballers. Most of the lyrics are contributed by listeners
Bush Footy: regional Australian football stories are told through interviews with country footy identities.
Torch's Footy Talkback: a fictional talk radio segment, with callers phoning in with various football questions, rumours or thoughts, often in the form of humorous and subtle attacks against football personalities. Regular talkback callers include: Sauce from Sea Lake, Lance from Lara, Wayne from Wantirna, Donnie from Devonport, Peter from Peterborough, Danny from Droop Street (Footscray), Barrie from the Barossa Valley, Stan from Stradbroke Island, Cayden from Caroline Springs, James from Jolimont, Hayden from Hawthorn, Nige from Nth Fitzroy, Hans from Hahndorf and Pearl from the Peninsula among others. Other favourite talkback callers (voiced by Simon Whelan) include: Massive Merv from Moorabbin, Digger and Timmy from Thomastown.
Sam the Sub: A new segment in 2011 where the Coodabeens take
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shizuoka%20Daiichi%20Television
|
Shizuoka Daiichi Television (静岡第一テレビ, SDT) is a TV station broadcasting in Shizuoka Prefecture. It is an affiliate of Nippon News Network and Nippon Television Network System.
Stations
Analog Stations
Digital Stations(ID:4)
Programs
Marugoto (16:53-17:53[JST])
Rival Stations
External links
Nippon News Network
Mass media in Shizuoka (city)
Television channels and stations established in 1979
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol%20Giambalvo
|
Carol Giambalvo is a retired exit counselor who worked with Cult Awareness Network's New York office and chaired on the Cult Awareness Network's national board of directors from 1988–91, and also sits on the International Cultic Studies Association's board of directors heads its Recovery Programs, and is responsible for its outreach program. She co-founded reFOCUS, an anti-cult organization for ex-cult members in the United States.
She got into the profession when her stepdaughter became involved with ISKCON in 1978, The International Society for Krishna Consciousness.
She was based in Flagler Beach, Florida, when she was active as an exit counselor and cult educator.
Bibliography
"Post-cult Problems: An Exit Counselor's Perspective." in Recovery from Cults: Help for Victims of Psychological and Spiritual Abuse, edited by Michael D. Langone, 148–154. New York and London: W. W. Norton, 1995. Partially available online here.
Exit Counseling: A Family Intervention. 2nd and rev. ed. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1992.
"Book Review – Captive Hearts, Captive Minds: Freedom and Recovery from Cults and Other Abusive Relationships." Cultic Studies Journal 10, no. 1 (1993): 86–90.
(With Joseph Kelly, Patrick Ryan, and Madeleine Landau Tobias) "Ethical Standards for Thought Reform Consultants." Cultic Studies Journal 13, no. 1 (1996): 95–106.
(Edited with Herbert L. Rosedale) The Boston Movement: Critical Perspectives on the International Churches of Christ. 2nd rev. ed. Bonita Springs, Florida: American Family Foundation, 1997.
References
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Exit counselors
Critics of new religious movements
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital%20cross-connect%20system
|
A digital cross-connect system (DCS or DXC) is a piece of circuit-switched network equipment, used in telecommunications networks, that allows lower-level TDM bit streams, such as DS0 bit streams, to be rearranged and interconnected among higher-level TDM signals, such as DS1 bit streams. DCS units are available that operate on both older T-carrier/E-carrier bit streams, as well as newer SONET/SDH bit streams.
DCS devices can be used for "grooming" telecommunications traffic, switching traffic from one circuit to another in the event of a network failure, supporting automated provisioning, and other applications. Having a DCS in a circuit-switched network provides important flexibility that can otherwise only be obtained at higher cost using manual "DSX" cross-connect patch panels.
It is important to realize that while DCS devices "switch" traffic, they are not packet switches—they switch circuits, not packets, and the circuit arrangements they are used to manage tend to persist over very long time spans, typically months or longer, as compared to packet switches, which can route every packet differently, and operate on micro- or millisecond time spans.
DCS units are also sometimes colloquially called "DACS" units, after a proprietary brand name of DCS units created and sold by AT&T's Western Electric division, now Alcatel-Lucent.
Modern digital access and cross-connect systems are not limited to the T-carrier system, and may accommodate high data rates such as those of SONET.
Transmuxing
Transmuxing (transmux: transcode multiplexing) is a telecommunications signaling format change between two signaling methods, typically synchronous optical network signals, SONET, and various time-division multiplexing, TDM, signals. Transmuxing changes the “container” without changing the “contents.” Transmuxing provides the carrier the capability to embed a telecommunications signal from one logical TDM circuit to another within SONET without physically breaking down the TDM circuit into its components and reconstructing it.
There are two types of transmuxing – electrical transmuxing and Optical transmuxing (sometimes called portless transmuxing). In electrical transmuxing, TDM signals (typically DS1/T1 or DS3) are brought in using copper connections, transmuxed to SONET and transported across the network until the reverse occurs. In optical transmuxing, TDM signals (DS1/T1, DS3, OCx) are brought in using fiber optics, transmuxed to SONET and transported across the network until the reverse occurs. In the U.S. and Japan, DS1/T1 signals are transmuxed into a SONET virtual tributary called a VT1.5.
Traffic grooming
Traffic grooming is the process of grouping smaller telecommunications signals into larger. This is typically done to minimize the number of connections and circuits needed to optimize the total cost. In TDM, 24 DS0 signals are grouped into a DS1/T1 signal and 28 DS1/T1 signals are groomed into a DS3 signal. A single DS3 signal carrie
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smash%20%28Jackson%20and%20His%20Computerband%20album%29
|
Smash is the debut studio album by Jackson and His Computerband. It was released via Warp in 2005.
Critical reception
At Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average score out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album received an average score of 66% based on 5 reviews, indicating "generally favorable reviews".
Track listing
Personnel
Credits adapted from liner notes.
Jackson and His Computerband – production, mixing (1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14)
Paula Moore – vocals (1, 2, 5, 13)
Harper Smith – vocals (5)
Mike Ladd – vocals (6)
Steve Arguelles – timpani (3, 5), snare drum (3, 5)
Tim Paris – final assistance (3)
Quentin Dupieux – mixing (5, 7)
Stephane 'Alf' Briat – mixing (6, 13)
Chab – mastering
Jean-Pierre – mastering
Jean Sebastién – mastering assistance
Egospray – art direction, design, photography
Mick Jayet – photography
John Sack – illustration, graphics
Reach – visual assistance
Charts
References
External links
2005 debut albums
Jackson and His Computerband albums
Warp (record label) albums
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indosiar
|
PT Indosiar Visual Mandiri, commonly known as Indosiar, is an Indonesian over-the-air television network. It broadcasts nationwide on UHF and can be received throughout the Indonesian archipelago on analog PAL television sets, established on 19 July 1991, later began test broadcast on 18 December 1994, and officially launched on 11 January 1995. It is owned by Elang Mahkota Teknologi since 2011; it eventually operated under its subsidiary, Surya Citra Media since 1 May 2013, when the network's original owner, Indosiar Karya Media, absorbed into the latter company.
Its claimed audience share for September 2008 was 16.2% of viewers. By December 2009 this share had shrunk to 11.6%.
Indosiar is very mostly broadcasts all Indonesian soccer sports such as BRI Liga 1, The Indonesia President's Cup, June pre-season matches in 2023 and many more world sports broadcast in Indosiar over-to-air.
Indosiar currently uses a HDTV 16:9 and SDTV 16:9 as major aspect ratios replacing 4:3 from 18 December 1994 until 30 November 2021. Indosiar started the HDTV service since 2017 then available on Nex Parabola and later Indosiar began again at DVB-T2 nationwide broadcast feeds on encrypted-transponder at Telkom-4 since 2021.
History
Indosiar was officially launched on 11 January 1995. The next day, the first Indonesian independent film to be premiered in Indosiar was Sesal, directed by Sophan Sophiaan. Two years after, Indosiar starts to popularise the musical series Melangkah Di Atas Awan (A Walk in the Clouds).
Presenters
Current
Asran Shady (former Trans TV anchor)
Danny Maulana (former Trans TV and Kompas TV anchor)
Ilham Ardiansyah
Jeannette Lee
Jemmy Darusman (former tvOne anchor)
Nurul Cinta
Pratiwi Kusuma (former iNews and Sindonews TV anchor)
Ryan Wiedaryanto (former Trans TV anchor)
Sheila Baladraf (former GTV and Sindonews TV anchor)
Sheila Purnama (former tvOne and NET. anchor)
Utrich Farzah (former Trans TV and Kompas TV anchor)
Zulfikar Naghi (former Trans TV anchor)
Former
Achmad Faizal
Agung Hardiansyah (now at BTV)
Alfina Damayanti
Arni Gusmiarni (now an executive producer for news programs on Indosiar)
Brigita Manohara (now at tvOne)
Budi Sampurno
Budi Utami (now a news producer for Indosiar)
Bunga Harum Dani (now at TVRI)
Des Hanafi
Diaz Kaslina
Erwin Dwinanto
Farma Dinata
Fella Sumendap
Fitri Wahyuni
Fristian Griec (now at BTV)
Haryz Wijaya
Jenny Tan
Lena Sari Aristianti
Muhammad Agung Izzulhaq (now at tvOne via its program Religi Damai Indonesiaku)
Nike Kusmarini
Ninok Hariyani
Rana Rayendra
Rania Shamlan
Rara Munzir
Resa Aruan
Reza Marta Fawzy
Suhartono (now a news producer at Indosiar)
Tina Talisa (now a commissioner for tvOne)
Tirza Bonyadone
Togar Sianipar
Undang Suhendar
Wandha Dwiutari (now at Trans7)
Ziza Hamzah
Zuwina Zabir
Overseas broadcasting
Indosiar is available as a free-to-air channel in Malaysia and Singapore based in Johor Bahru and Singapore by free-to-air terrestrial anten
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans%20TV
|
Trans TV (abbreviation from Televisi Transformasi Indonesia) is an Indonesian free-to-air television network based in South Jakarta that was launched on December 15, 2001, and is owned by Chairul Tanjung. Programming consists of newscasts, movies, drama series, variety shows, quiz shows, and children's television series. Trans TV was Indonesia's main broadcaster of the 2018 FIFA World Cup, showing most group matches and all of the final matches, which led to the channel topping Indonesian television ratings as of June 19, 2018.
History
Construction
Trans TV was incorporated under a license from the Department of Trade and Industry, South Jakarta, with Number 809/BH.09.05/III/1998. Its shares are primarily owned by Para Inti Investindo, a subsidiary of Para Group. In August 1998, Trans TV's existence was published in State Gazette No. 8687 as PT Televisi Transformasi Indonesia. At that time, Trans TV was obtaining permission to broadcast; initially planned in October 1998 and based in Jakarta, it was operating from Trans TV Television Centre Headquarters at Jalan Kapten Pierre Tendean No. 12-14A in Mampang Prapatan, South Jakarta. In Jakarta, it was born as Televisi Transformasi Indonesia (Trans TV) and was granted a broadcasting license.
Metropolitan techinican broadcasts
Its technician stations started television broadcasting metropolitan on July 1, 2001, at 16:00 local time, and began trial transmission in Jabodetabek (the area surrounding Jakarta). Trans TV currently broadcasts via UHF (ultra high frequency) and was located on UHF channel 29 in Jabodetabek (via Jakarta) with the pattern of broadcasting techniques for runtime of three hours daily at Trans TV Television Centre Headquarters at Jalan Kapten Pierre Tendean No. 12-14A in Mampang Prapatan, South Jakarta, for the trial of technician stations for three months between July 1, 2001 to September 30, 2001.
Metropolitan trial programs
Trans TV's trial transmission stations started television broadcasting metropolitan programs. Trans-Tune in was officially inaugurated in Bandung and surroundings on October 1, 2001, at 16:00 local time in the afternoon. It was aired on the network by Kamera, which had started a test of transmission and was officially launched from Bandung Supermal, the most extensive city in the capital of West Java. Later, Trans TV was introduced to the public. On the studio stage, the two hosts bring interactive quizzes to attract potential audience members while presenting a series of music video clips. The program presents the News Division, which contains features both primetime evening-nightly, main prime news bulletin actual programs aired Berita Hari Ini (News Today) was broadcast for 30 minutes (mid-hours) and one news journalist reader for male and female, with the pattern of broadcasting techniques for runtime a 2-hours on daily at Trans TV Television Centre Headquarters at Jalan Kapten Pierre Tendean No. 12-14A in Mampang Prapatan, South Jakarta in Jakarta.
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl%20Chang
|
Carl Chang may refer to:
Carl Chang (businessman) (born 1969), American entrepreneur and former tennis coach
Carl Chang (computer scientist), professor and chair of the Department of Computer Science at Iowa State University
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft%20Institute%20for%20High%20Performance%20Computing
|
The Microsoft Institute for High Performance Computing was created in November 2005 at the University of Southampton. The only one of its kind in the UK. It is one of nine such institutes worldwide.
History
The creation of the institute was announced by Bill Gates during the International Supercomputing Conference in 2005, and the institute itself is currently led by Professor Simon J. Cox while Dr. Kenji Takeda, co-director, left the University of Southampton to join Microsoft.
In 2006 Microsoft was working on a proof-of-concept implementation of a bespoke engineering workflow software for BAE Systems. The large British aerospace company wanted to run its SOLAR software on the Microsoft Cluster Server. The teams at the University of Southampton, BAE Systems and Microsoft managed to build a demonstrator in just 3 weeks. This comprised an SQL Server back-end and a Net 2.0 Web Service.
Research
The institute has conducted research in:
Computational fluid dynamics
Computational electromagnetics
Electrical grid technologies
Conference XP
SQL
WinFS
Windows Communication Foundation
Microsoft Cluster Server
Reception
Microsoft Visual Studio's Product Manager Dennis Crain referring to the MIHPC in Southampton said:
List of MIHPCs worldwide
University of Southampton
TACC - University of Texas Austin
University of Utah
University of Stuttgart
Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Nizhny Novgorod University
University of Tennessee
Tokyo Institute of technology
Shanghai Supercomputer Center
Notes
External links
Blog
Institute for High Performance Computing
University of Southampton
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waits
|
Waits may refer to:
Waits (surname)
Waits, California, former name of Oildale, California
Waits River, in Vermont
WAITS, time-sharing operating system
See also
Wait (musician)
Wates (disambiguation)
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fox%20Sports%201
|
Fox Sports 1 (FS1) is an American pay television channel owned by the Fox Sports Media Group, a unit of Fox Corporation. FS1 replaced the motorsports network Speed on August 17, 2013, at the same time that its companion channel Fox Sports 2 replaced Fuel TV. Both FS1 and FS2 carried over most of the sports programming from their predecessors, as well as content from Fox Soccer, which would then be replaced by the entertainment-based channel FXX on September 2, 2013.
FS1 airs an array of live sporting events, including Major League Baseball and World Baseball Classic, college sports (most notably Big Ten, Pac-12 and Big 12 football, and Big East basketball), soccer matches (including Major League Soccer, Liga MX, Copa Libertadores, and FIFA World Cup), and a variety of motorsports events. FS1 also features daily sports news, analysis and discussion programming as well as sports-related reality and documentary programs.
The network is based primarily from the Fox Sports division's headquarters on the Fox Studio Lot in the Century City section of Los Angeles, California, though the network also has significant broadcast operations in New York City and Charlotte, North Carolina (the latter of which had served as Speed's home base).
, Fox Sports 1 was available to approximately 83.3 million pay television households (90.3% of households with cable) in the United States. , the channel's reach had been reduced to 72.4 million homes.
Background
Development
In March 2012, reports began circulating that Fox Entertainment Group had plans to launch a national Fox Sports cable network by August 2013 known as Fox Sports 1, giving the sports division a dedicated cable presence to better compete against established networks like ESPN. Fox was already a major force in cable sports programming, having operated several niche channels such as Fox Soccer, Fox Deportes, Fuel TV and Fox College Sports. Also in its portfolio were the Fox Sports Networks, a group of regional sports networks both owned by Fox outright or by other companies through affiliation agreements with FSN; in addition to carrying play-by-play rights to several local sports teams, these regional networks also featured common national content produced and distributed by Fox Sports, including national college sports broadcasts and specialty programs such as The Best Damn Sports Show Period and Baseball's Golden Age.
Though this local/national hybrid approach gave Fox prominence at the local sports level, it was somewhat disadvantaged as its flagship over-the-air network had the distinction of being the only major U.S. broadcast television network not to have a national general sports channel to complement its sports division, unlike ABC (whose corporate parent The Walt Disney Company owns an 80% stake in and operating control of ESPN), CBS (which operates CBS Sports Network) and NBC (which operated NBCSN).
The reports indicated that Fox planned on converting one of these niche sports channels,
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malawi%20Railways
|
Malawi Railways was a government corporation that ran the national rail network of Malawi, Africa, until privatisation in 1999. With effect from 1 December 1999, the Central East African Railways consortium led by Railroad Development Corporation won the right to operate the network. This was the first rail privatisation in Africa which did not involve a parastatal operator.
History
Upon achieving independence in 1964, Malawi, which had previously been the British protectorate of Nyasaland, inherited a network of three railways. They were the Shire Highlands Railway from Salima, on Lake Malawi, via Blantyre to Port Herald (now Nsanje) on the Shire River; the Central African Railway from Port Herald to Vila Fontes (now Caia), in Portuguese Mozambique; and the Trans-Zambezia Railway, from Vila Fontes to Beira, also in Portuguese Mozambique. The network was run as a single, integrated Malawian system, even though the Trans-Zambezia Railway was located entirely on foreign territory.
All of these lines were narrow gauge and single track, and the Shire Highlands Railway in particular had sharp curves and steep gradients, so the system was inadequate for heavy train loads. Maintenance costs were high and freight volumes were low, so freight rates were up to three times those of Rhodesian and East African lines. Although costly and inefficient, the rail link to Beira remained a main bulk transport link until 1979 when it was destroyed by RENAMO forces in the civil war. By then, Malawi had its second rail link to the Mozambique port of Nacala, which is its principal route for imports and exports today.
From 1974 to 1979, Malawi worked with the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) sponsored to build of new track from Salima to Lilongwe though the Malawi-Canada Railway Project.
Present day overview
The gauge line extends from the Zambian border at Mchinji in the west via Lilongwe to Blantyre and Makhanga in the south. At Nkaya Junction it links with the Nacala line going east via Nayuchi to Mozambique's deepwater port at Nacala on the Indian Ocean. The link south from Makhanga to Mozambique's Beira corridor has been closed since the Mozambique Civil War, with plans for reconstruction not yet realised.
An extension from Mchinji to Chipata in Zambia opened in 2010, and there is a proposal to eventually link up from there with the TAZARA railway at Mpika.
Freight traffic is predominantly exports through Nacala, including sugar, tobacco, pigeon peas and tea. Import traffic consists of fertiliser, fuel, containerised consumer goods and food products including vegetable oil and grain. A government subsidised passenger rail service operates twice weekly from Blantyre to the border with Mozambique at Nayuchi.
The Rivirivi Bridge was damaged by Cyclone Delfina in January 2003 and reopened in 2005.
Nacala Port and Railway was concessioned to the same CEAR consortium in January 2005.
In July 2006, the Republic of China (Taiwan) sent 4
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fox%20Sports
|
Fox Sports is the brand name for a number of sports channels, broadcast divisions, programming, and other media around the world.
The Fox Sports name has since been used for other sports media assets. These assets are held mainly by the Fox Corporation, with the exceptions of the operations in Australia (which are part of Foxtel, majority-owned by Fox Corp. sister company News Corp Australia), Mexico (owned by Grupo Multimedia Lauman), Argentina (owned by Mediapro but branding and contents are licensed to Fox Corporation ), and the rest of the international Fox Sports channels that were sold to The Walt Disney Company.
Divisions
Fox Sports (United States), also known as the Fox Sports Media Group.
FoxSports.com, a sports news website.
Fox Sports Radio is a national sports talk radio network managed by Premiere Networks in partnership with Fox Sports.
Fox Sports International, an international sports programming and production entity of The Walt Disney Company (previously owned by the Fox Networks Group until Disney's acquisition of most 21st Century Fox assets), which distributes sports programming to various countries.
Fox Sports Australia, formerly Premier Media Group, owned by Foxtel (65% owned by Murdoch-controlled News Corp Australia with Telstra).
Fox Sports Argentina, owned by Mediapro, branding licensed to Fox Corporation
Fox Sports Mexico, owned by Grupo Multimedia Lauman branding licensed to Fox Corporation
Channels
Current channels
Australia
Fox Sports (Australia), a group of sports channels
Fox Sports News 500 – Cable and satellite channel that continuously televises sports news 24 hours per day.
Fox Cricket 501 – A 24-hour dedicated Cricket channel
Fox League 502 – A 24-hour dedicated Rugby League channel
Fox Sports 503
Fox Footy 504 – primarily features the Australian Football League
Fox Sports 505
Fox Sports 506
Fox Sports More+ 507
Argentina
Fox Sports (Argentina), is an Argentine pay television network that broadcasts in Argentina.
Fox Sports
Fox Sports 2: formerly known as Fox Sports+
Fox Sports 3: formerly known as Speed Channel, it was launched in 2012 and its programming is car-related.
Brazil
Fox Sports 2: launched on January 24, 2014. Now run by Disney; will remain under that name, due to contractual language with CONMEBOL regarding its coverage of the 2022 Copa Libertadores.
Mexico
Fox Sports (Mexico), is a Mexican pay television network that broadcasts in Mexico.
Fox Sports
Fox Sports 2: formerly known as Fox Sports+
Fox Sports 3: formerly known as Speed Channel, it was launched in 2012 and its programming is car-related.
Fox Sports Premium, is a pay-TV channel launched in 2022, it is specialised in broadcasting Mexican First Football Division matches.
United States
Fox Sports 1 is a national sports network.
Fox Sports 2 is a national sports network.
Fox Deportes presents sports programming in Spanish.
Fox Soccer Plus, Originally a spin-off of Fox Soccer, with extended coverage of
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strict%20%28disambiguation%29
|
The term strict refers to relational operators in mathematics.
Strict may also refer to:
Strict, a function classification in programming languages - see Strict function
the strict pragma in the programming language Perl used to restrict unsafe constructs
See also
List of people known as the Strict
Strict histories (or executions) in scheduling
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yokohama%20Municipal%20Subway
|
is the rapid transit network in the city of Yokohama, Japan, south of Tokyo in Kanagawa Prefecture. It is operated by Yokohama City Transportation Bureau as two lines, though three continuous lines exist.
Lines
The Yokohama Municipal Subway consists of three lines: Line 1, Line 3 and 4.
Line 1 and 3 are operated as a single line, nicknamed the Blue Line.
Line 4 is nicknamed the Green Line. Upon the addition to the network of this line on March 30, 2008, the Blue Line and Green Line monikers came into official use.
Transfer between the Blue and Green Line is possible at Center-Kita and Center-Minami Stations. Feeder bus services from western Kawasaki City area run to Azamino Station.
The "missing" Line 2 was planned to run from Kanagawa-Shinmachi Station via Yokohama Station to Byobugaura Station. The line was previously considered as a bypass line for easing congestion on the Keikyū Main Line, however, the line deemed unnecessary after the Keikyu Line increased its capacity.
Blue Line
The Blue Line (Lines 1/3) is operated as an integrated route of between Shōnandai Station in Fujisawa and Azamino Station. The Blue Line is Japan's second-longest subway line, after the Toei Ōedo Line in Tokyo.
In July 2011, a "mobile phone power off area" was set up in each car, and the use of mobile phones is officially banned except in other areas.
Green Line
The Green Line (Line 4) opened on March 30, 2008, between Hiyoshi Station and Nakayama Station, operating distance (total extension distance ). It takes approximately 21 minutes from Hiyoshi station to Nakayama station.
Planned extensions
Blue Line
On 21 January 2020, Yokohama City and Kawasaki City announced the route and four new stations for the planned extension of the Blue Line from Azamino Station to Shin-Yurigaoka Station on the Odakyū Odawara Line. Construction of this section is expected to complete by 2030. In June 2020, the Transportation Bureau started environmental impact asssesment procedures of the extension project.
Green Line
The Green Line was built as part of a larger master plan to construct a circular line in Yokohama. The full line will be a C-shaped line that stretches from Tsurumi Station via Hiyoshi Station, Nakayama Station, Futamata-gawa Station, Higashi-Totsuka Station, Kamiōoka Station, and Negishi Station to Motomachi-Chūkagai Station.
Station numbering
Numerical designations for the stations on the Blue Line were introduced in 2002, coinciding with Yokohama city hosting the finals of the 2002 FIFA World Cup and the subway's 30th anniversary, starting from Shonandai station (1) to Azamino station (32). With 32 stations on the line and 32 teams in the World Cup, each station was themed after a country. Alphabetical designations were added when the Green Line opened. The Blue Line stations are B01 through B32, while Green Line stations starts from Nakayama Station (G01) to Hiyoshi Station (G10). At two stations—Center-Minami Station and Center-Kita Station—wh
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-performance%20technical%20computing
|
High-performance technical computing (HPTC) is the application of high performance computing (HPC) to technical, as opposed to business or scientific, problems (although the lines between the various disciplines are necessarily vague). HPTC often refers to the application of HPC to engineering problems and includes computational fluid dynamics, simulation, modeling, and seismic tomography (particularly in the petrochemical industry).
See also
Supercomputer
External links
Top 500 supercomputers
Parallel computing
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W47CK
|
W47CK (channel 47) is a defunct low-power television station licensed to Shallotte, North Carolina, United States, which served the Wilmington area as an affiliate of MyNetworkTV. Owned by Timothy McIver, the station maintained a transmitter on Royal Oak Road in Lockwoods Folly Township, northwest of Supply.
Background
W47CK used the fictional callsign "WMYW" in its branding, which was unrecognized by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). It was one of two television stations in Wilmington which continued to operate analog signals after the market's voluntary digital switchover on September 8, 2008, and continued to broadcast in the same format since the June 12, 2009 national transition date.
W47CK did not apply for digital facilities nor to perform a "flash-cut" to digital with the FCC. Low-power television stations like W47CK were not initially required to switch to digital in the United States though two other low-power outlets (then-CBS affiliate and now independent station WILM-LD and former Trinity Broadcasting Network station W51CW) did make an early switch in Wilmington on the voluntary date. Low-power television stations had to convert to digital on or before July 13, 2021.
For a period of time, WITN-DT2 from Washington, North Carolina could be seen on Time Warner Cable digital channel 931 in the greater Wilmington area since W47CK was technically ineligible for mandatory carriage on cable providers due to its low-power status. As a result, the clearance allowed WITN-DT2 to unofficially serve as Wilmington's MyNetworkTV outlet since, at that time, the network had no affiliate in the area. Eventually, Time Warner Cable (now Spectrum) would pick up W47CK on its digital tier and subsequently dropped WITN-DT2 from the lineup.
On December 11, 2020, the FCC canceled W47CK's license for failing to submit a license renewal application.
References
47CK
Television channels and stations established in 1999
1999 establishments in North Carolina
Television channels and stations disestablished in 2020
2020 disestablishments in North Carolina
Defunct television stations in the United States
47CK
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuldatal
|
Fuldatal is a municipality in the district of Kassel, in Hesse, Germany. It is situated along the Fulda River, 5 km northeast of Kassel.
Kassel-Rothwesten Airfield, a former military airbase and barracks, is located in Fuldatal.
References
Kassel (district)
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katherine%20Boehret
|
Katherine A. Boehret (born 1980) works in internal communications for the Devices team at Amazon, an e-commerce and cloud-computing firm.
Early life and education
A native of Allentown, Pennsylvania, Boehret is a graduate of the University of Delaware. In 2010, she was awarded that university's Presidential Citation for Outstanding Achievement.
Career
From 2002 through 2013, Boehret was a journalist and columnist at The Wall Street Journal, where she worked with technology columnist Walter Mossberg. Boehret authored "The Digital Solution" column, which appeared weekly in the newspaper and online.
She was also a columnist and editor at the technology web sites All Things Digital and Recode, where she was deputy reviews editor and senior reviewer. She was an original staff member of both sites and also of the D Conference. After Recode was sold to Vox Media in June 2015, Boehret served as a reviews editor at The Verge, until July 2016.
References
External links
Katherine Boehret at All Things Digital
1980 births
Living people
21st-century American women
All Things Digital people
American women journalists
Journalists from Pennsylvania
The Wall Street Journal people
University of Delaware alumni
Writers from Allentown, Pennsylvania
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fullscreen%20%28aspect%20ratio%29
|
Fullscreen (or full screen) refers to the 4:3 (1.:1) aspect ratio of early standard television screens and computer monitors. Widescreen ratios started to become more popular in the 1990s and 2000s.
Film originally created in the 4:3 aspect ratio does not need to be altered for full-screen release. In contrast, other aspect ratios can be converted to full screen using techniques such as pan and scan, open matte or reframing. In pan and scan, the 4:3 image is extracted from within the original frame by cropping the sides of the film. In open matte, the 4:3 image is extracted from parts of the original negative which were shot but not intended to be used for the theatrical release. In reframing, elements within the image are repositioned. Reframing is used for entirely CG movies, where the elements can be easily moved.
History
Full-screen aspect ratios in standard television have been in use since the invention of moving picture cameras. Early computer monitors employed the same aspect ratio. The aspect ratio 4:3 was used for 35 mm films in the silent era. It is also very close to the 1.375:1 Academy ratio, defined by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences as a standard after the advent of optical sound-on-film. By having TV match this aspect ratio, movies originally photographed on 35 mm film could be satisfactorily viewed on TV in the early days of television (i.e. the 1940s and the 1950s). When cinema attendance dropped, Hollywood created widescreen aspect ratios (such as 1.85:1) in order to differentiate the film industry from TV. However, at the start of the 21st century, broadcasters worldwide began phasing out the 4:3 standard entirely and manufacturers started to favor the 16:9 aspect ratio for modern high-definition television sets, broadcast cameras and computer monitors.
See also
Aspect ratio (image)
References
Film and video technology
Picture aspect ratios
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Bubble%20Gang%20recurring%20characters%20and%20sketches
|
The following describes many of the more noteworthy recurring segments and characters on GMA Network's gag show Bubble Gang.
Recurring segments
Ang Dating Doon
Ang Dating Doon (English: What Used to Be There) is a popular recurring segment on GMA Network's gag show Bubble Gang from 1998 to 1999. It was briefly revived in 2001 and 2005. The show experienced a resurfacing in late 2011 and is broadcast once a month. It is a parody of the longest-running religious television and radio program in the Philippines, Ang Dating Daan (English: The Old Path), which is produced by the Members Church of God International. At first, the nursery rhyme "Row Row Row Your Boat" was the opening and closing theme used from 1998 to 1999. In the same year, however, it comically began to use instead of the opening theme of the anime television series Chōdenji Machine Voltes V ("Voltes V no Uta" by Mitsuko Horie, Koorogi '73 and Columbia Cradle Club), as both its opening and closing song particularly performed by the several music groups as the guests. It was of perfect timing since it was a way of promoting Voltes V for the network back then.
Origins
The sketch was headlined by the show's writers, Isko Salvador (as Brod Pete, a play on the name of the actor Brad Pitt and a parody of Bro. Eli Soriano, Overall Servant of MCGI and the host of Ang Dating Daan), Cesar Cosme (as Brother Willy, a parody of Bro. Willy Santiago, who in 2009 broke away from MCGI and established the Members Church of God in Jesus Christ Worldwide), and Chito Francisco (as Brother Jocel, a parody of Bro. Josel Mallari). The recent popularity of the religious program Ang Dating Daan and its segment, Itanong mo kay Soriano, Biblia ang Sasagot!, (Ask Bro Eli, the Bible Will Answer!), inspired the segment. Because of its popularity, their characters became their nicknames.
Format
The segment would commonly begin and end with Voltes V no Uta as the theme song; afterward, various members of the audience would come up and present various questions to Brod Pete, who then has Brother Willy read various extracts from Nursery Rhymes or Folk songs, and recently on the 2011 revival, various song lyrics. Brod Pete will then interpret the "passage" to answer the question presented. Instead of using the Bible, they used dictionary, phone directory, or any other books. In the 2011 revival, they began to use MacBook Pros and iPads as reference materials, which leads to its new title, Ang Bagong Dating Doon (The New Formerly There), meaning "Ang Dating Doon" with the power of technology.
On the June 27, 2014, episode of Bubble Gang, the segment sported a new set, the trio now wearing suits, and the name tweaked to Ang Bagong Dating Doon International (The New Formerly There International). This change reflects the new formats of Ang Dating Daan and Itanong Mo Kay Soriano, wherein MCGI's Mass Indoctrinations and Worldwide Bible Expositions, respectively, replaced the previous ones, since Bro. Eli Soriano went i
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marketocracy
|
Marketocracy Capital Management, is the investment advisor for the Marketocracy family of mutual funds and uses the research generated by Marketocracy Data Services. Marketocracy has recruited over 70,000 people to manage over 100,000 model portfolios at marketocracy.com that compete to become the best investors.
Marketocracy was mentioned in the book Wikinomics: How Mass Collaboration Changes Everything () The book explores how some companies in the early 21st century have used mass collaboration (also called peer production) and open-source technology such as wikis to be successful.
With the passing of CEO and Founder Ken Kam in 2019, the future of the firm was left in limbo. In 2020, 11 Marketocracy Masters came together to acquire the company name and data to continue Ken's vision. They expect to re-launch as Marketocracy Masters in 2022.
Marketocracy Data Services
Marketocracy Data Services is a research company whose mission is to find the best investors in the world and then track, analyze, and evaluate their trading activity. Virtual fund performance is tracked in real-time and follow all SEC rules mutual fund managers must adhere to. The best performing virtual funds based on long-term performance are used as the basis for the Marketocracy Masters 100 fund (ticker symbol: MOFQX) Marketocracy has signed research contracts with about 500 users. These users make up the talent pool from which the m100 team is comprised.
Marketocracy Master100 fund (MOFQX)
As of November 30, 2014, the fund maintains a one-star Morningstar rating As of this same date, the fund has about $6.98 million in assets under management. The fund has underperformed the S&P 500 by substantial amounts in 5 of the last 6 years.
Turnover increased each year from 116% in 2008 to 765% in 2012, and the fund has an expense ratio of 1.95%.
Yearly performance, turnover ratio, and expense ratio data available on Morningstar site: http://performance.morningstar.com/fund/performance-return.action?t=MOFQX®ion=USA&culture=en-us
mFOLIOS
mFOLIOs are professionally managed portfolios that give the public access to the best at Marketocracy through a managed account at FOLIOfn. As of July, 2009, the company has placed eleven Marketocracy members under contract to be mFOLIO Masters so the public can use their model portfolios to create mFOLIOs.
External links
Marketocracy
mFOLIOs
Morningstar Rating and Mutual Fund Profile
Crowdsourcing by Jeff Howe
A Fund by the People, for the People
The Power of Us
References
Financial services companies of the United States
Companies based in California
Financial services companies based in California
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrusion%20tolerance
|
Intrusion tolerance is a fault-tolerant design approach to defending information systems against malicious attacks. In that sense, it is also a computer security approach. Abandoning the conventional aim of preventing all intrusions, intrusion tolerance instead calls for triggering mechanisms that prevent intrusions from leading to a system security failure.
Distributed computing
In distributed computing there are two major variants of intrusion tolerance mechanisms: mechanisms based on redundancy, such as the Byzantine fault tolerance, as well as mechanisms based on intrusion detection as implemented in intrusion detection system) and intrusion reaction.
Intrusion-tolerant server architectures
Intrusion-tolerance has started to influence the design of server architectures in academic institutions, and industry. Examples of such server architectures include KARMA, Splunk IT Service Intelligence (ITSI), project ITUA, and the practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (pBFT) model.
See also
Intrusion detection system evasion techniques
References
Fault tolerance
Computer security
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokyo%20Toden
|
The or simply Toden, is the tram network of Tokyo, Japan. Of all its former routes, only one, the Tokyo Sakura Tram, remains in service. The Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation operates the Toden. The formal legal name is Tokyo-to Densha. Its nickname, "Toden," distinguished it from the "Kokuden" (the Japanese National Railways electrified lines).
The network had a track gauge of , except for the former Seibu Railway lines which were .
History
At its peak, the Toden system boasted 41 routes with of track. However, the increase in reliance on automobile traffic resulted in reductions in ridership, and from 1967 to 1972, of track were abandoned as the Bureau changed its emphasis to bus and subway modes of transportation.
1903: The Tokyo Horse-drawn Railway changed its motive power to electricity and, under the name Tokyo Electric Railway (or Tōden, 東電) commenced operations between Shinagawa and Shinbashi.
1903: The Tokyo Urban Railway (or Gaitetsu, 街鉄) began operations between Sukiyabashi (in Ginza) and Kandabashi.
1904: The Tokyo Electric Railway (Sotobori Line) connecting Shinbashi Station and Ochanomizu opened.
1905: The three companies published the "Tokyo Geography Education Streetcar Song" to promote knowledge of the geography of Tokyo.
1906: The three companies merged to form the Tokyo Railways.
1911: Tokyo City purchased the Tokyo Railways, established its Electric Bureau, and inaugurated the Tokyo City Streetcar (東京市電) system.
1911–1922: The streetcar network expands, with various new companies and lines serving areas in the city and to the west.
1933: The route from Shinagawa Station to North Shinagawa Station is abandoned.
1933–1943: New companies, mergers, and realignments alter the network.
1943: Tokyo City is abolished and the larger Tokyo Prefecture assumes its administrative functions. The Tokyo City Streetcar bureau becomes the Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation.
1944: Service is stopped on nine segments.
1945–1951: During the Occupation of Japan, the network evolved slowly.
1952: The segment of the Imai Line between Higashi Arakawa and Imaibashi Stations was replaced with trolley buses.
1953, 1961: Two segments (one in Shinjuku and the other connecting Shinbashi Station and Shiodome) stop operating.
1963: In preparation for the Tokyo Olympics, two segments (Kita-Aoyama Itchome – Miyakezaka and Hanzomon – Kudanshita) cease operations. The Suginami Line (Shinjuku – Ogikubo) closes because it duplicates a line of the Eidan Subway.
1967–1972: A plan for financial restructuring is put into effect in seven stages, resulting in the closing of routes.
1974: A plan for abandoning the remaining track is cancelled. The remaining routes are consolidated into a single line, named the Arakawa Line.
1978: One-man operation begins.
1990: The 8500 Series rolling stock is introduced. It is the first new design in 28 years.
2000: A new station, Arakawa Itchūmae, opens between two existing stations.
2007: 9000 Series rolling
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radical%20Psychology%20Network
|
The Radical Psychology Network (RadPsyNet) is an organization with the goal of encouraging reform in the field of psychology. It began in Toronto in 1993 when two dozen people attended a discussion at the American Psychological Association convention entitled "Will Psychology Pay Attention to its Own Radical Critics?"
Today the group has more than 500 members in over three dozen countries. Members include psychologists and others, academics and practitioners, faculty and students, psychotherapists and patients. It publishes the online Radical Psychology Journal and sponsors an active email discussion list.
The aim of the group is to change the status quo of psychology. Challenging psychology's traditional focus on minor reform, members emphasise enhancing human welfare by working for fundamental social change. They claim that psychology itself has too often oppressed people rather than liberated them and they work to redress this imbalance. In keeping with this aim, RadPsyNet co-founders Dennis Fox and Isaac Prilleltensky co-edited Critical Psychology: An Introduction in 1997, and many RadPsyNet members are active in academic critical psychology as well as in opposition to psychological abuses.
See also
Critical psychology
Psychopolitical validity, coined by Isaac Prilleltensky in 2003 as a way to evaluate Community Psychology research
References
External links
New Ideas and Old Values in Psychotherapy
Radical Psychology Network homepage
Critical Psychology: An Introduction (book)
Anti-psychiatry
Psychology organizations based in the United States
Psychological societies
Criticism of science
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graham%20Dene
|
Graham Dene (born 7 April 1949) is a British radio personality.
After a period as a disc jockey on Edgware General Hospital's radio, and at United Biscuits Network, he became famous in the London area as Capital Radio's breakfast presenter in the 1970s, having joined from Radio City in Liverpool. He took over the breakfast show from Kenny Everett in May 1975, and stayed there until Mike Smith took over the slot in July 1980. When Smith left to rejoin BBC Radio 1 in 1982, Dene returned for a second stint as breakfast host from 1982 to 1987. This time Chris Tarrant took over.
In the 1980s, Dene hosted a radio show, Rock Over London, that was produced and distributed to radio stations in the United States, particularly stations that programmed New Wave or new, eclectic music.
Dene joined the original Virgin Radio 1215 at its launch in April 1993. In 2006, he worked at Magic 105.4. In 2008, he was 102.2 Smooth Radio's breakfast host. Dene was also a presenter for BBC Radio Devon and BBC Jersey on its Sunday afternoons chart show. In April 2012, Dene was one of the launch presenters on The Wireless - an Internet-based radio station operated by Age UK and aimed at older people throughout the UK. From January 2013 he presented the Saturday lunchtime show on BBC Sussex and BBC Surrey.
In January 2021 it was announced that Graham Dene would be joining the new UK radio station Boom Radio. He launched the station on Sunday 14 February at 10:00am, and presents the weekday breakfast show.
References
External links
Graham Dene on Boom Radio
1949 births
Living people
British radio personalities
British radio DJs
Radio City DJs
People educated at Mill Hill School
Capital (radio network)
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A1%20Telekom%20Austria
|
A1 Telekom Austria (A1, A eins) is the leading fixed and mobile network operator in Austria, with 5.4 million mobile and 2.3 million fixed-line customers. A1 Telekom Austria traces its origins to Austria's first GSM mobile phone network which began testing in 1992 and commercial operations in 1994, under the name Mobilkom Austria, then part of the Austrian state-owned PTT agency (PTV, ÖPT) until it was split off into its own company in 1996. After Mobilkom's merger with A1 Telekom Austria Group in July 2010 it operates under the new name of A1 Telekom Austria.
A1 Telekom Austria is a 100% subsidiary of A1 Telekom Austria Group. A1 Telekom Austria offers fixed–mobile convergence. The product portfolio includes Fixed line and mobile telephony, internet, IT services, IPTV, wholesale services as well as mobile payment services. It offers products under the brands A1 (complete services offer), Bob and Yesss! (No frills-mobile telephony flanker brands) as well as Red Bull MOBILE (co-operation with Red Bull).
A1 Telekom Austria Group currently has over 24 million users in 8 countries. It created more than 4 billion EUR and has over 17.500 employees. The group is the European unit of the company América Móvil, the 3rd biggest provider of wireless services in the world.
A1 Telekom Austria Group also operates in the following markets: Belarus, Bulgaria, Croatia, North Macedonia, Serbia and Slovenia.
History
The company launched GPRS in 2000. Three years later A1 introduced 3G UMTS which was upgraded first to HSDPA in 2007 and afterwards to HSPA+ in March 2009; followed by 4G LTE in September 2010, DC-HSPA+ in December 2010, LTE-A in 2014, LTE-A Pro in December 2018 and 5G NR in January 2020.
In October 2013 A1 Telekom Austria AG acquired 2 x 70 MHz in mobile frequencies in the Austrian multiband auction. The total expenses amounted to EUR 1.03 billion.
As a consequence of the acquisition of Orange Austria by Hutchison Drei, A1 acquired the discount flanker brand Yesss! from Orange for €390 million.
In December 2021, A1 had a market share of 49.2% in broadband and 38.6% in voice mobile. The company had around 5 million mobile and 3 million fixed line subscribers at year end 2021.
A1 Austria debuted its newly refreshed logo on 24 May 2018 after Telekom Austria's Bulgarian subsidiary was rebranded A1 Bulgaria.
Sponsorship
A1 was the title sponsor of the A1-Ring racetrack from 1996 to 2003 and is a team sponsor of the Austrian Ski Association (ÖSV) since 1997.
References
External links
Official website
Mobile phone companies of Austria
Austrian brands
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart%20contract
|
A smart contract is a computer program or a transaction protocol that is intended to automatically execute, control or document events and actions according to the terms of a contract or an agreement. The objectives of smart contracts are the reduction of need for trusted intermediators, arbitration costs, and fraud losses, as well as the reduction of malicious and accidental exceptions. Smart contracts are commonly associated with cryptocurrencies, and the smart contracts introduced by Ethereum are generally considered a fundamental building block for decentralized finance (DeFi) and NFT applications.
Vending machines are mentioned as the oldest piece of technology equivalent to smart contract implementation. The original Ethereum white paper by Vitalik Buterin in 2014 describes the Bitcoin protocol as a weak version of the smart contract concept as originally defined by Nick Szabo, and proposed a stronger version based on the Solidity language, which is Turing complete. Since Bitcoin, various cryptocurrencies have supported programming languages which allow for more advanced smart contracts between untrusted parties.
A smart contract should not be confused with a smart legal contract, which refers to a traditional, natural-language, legally-binding agreement that has selected terms expressed and implemented in machine-readable code.
Etymology
Smart contracts were first proposed in the early 1990s by Nick Szabo, who coined the term, using it to refer to "a set of promises, specified in digital form, including protocols within which the parties perform on these promises". In 1998, the term was used to describe objects in rights management service layer of the system The Stanford Infobus, which was a part of Stanford Digital Library Project.
Legal status of smart contracts
A smart contract does not typically constitute a valid binding agreement at law, although a smart legal contract is intended to be both executable by a machine and legally enforceable.
Smart contracts are not legal agreements, but rather means of performing obligations deriving from agreements that can be executed automatically by a computer program or a transaction protocol, such as technological means for the automation of payment obligations or obligations consisting in the transfer of tokens or cryptocurrencies. Some scholars have argued that the imperative or declarative nature of programming languages would impact the legal validity of smart contracts.
Since the 2015 launch of the Ethereum blockchain, the term "smart contract" has been more specifically applied toward the notion of general purpose computation that takes place on a blockchain or distributed ledger. The US National Institute of Standards and Technology describes a "smart contract" as a "collection of code and data (sometimes referred to as functions and state) that is deployed using cryptographically signed transactions on the blockchain network". In this interpretation, used for example by the Ethe
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SEALNet
|
The Southeast Asian Service Leadership Network, SEALNet, is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization based in the San Francisco Bay Area, United States, dedicated to service leadership and working with Southeast Asian communities around the world. SEALNet was founded in 2004 by undergraduate students at Stanford University in collaboration with members from the Southeast Asian Leadership Initiative (SALI). In 2006, SEALNet and SALI merged under the SEALNet name.
SEALNet's mission is to promote service leadership among Southeast Asian communities in the US and abroad. It accomplishes this by building and nurturing a community of service leaders who are committed to serve.
History
Founded in 2004 at Stanford University by Southeast Asian undergraduates under the mentorship of SALI members, SEALNet conducted its first project in the summer of 2005 in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The project worked at the Ho Chi Minh City Youth Union to provide computers and English language learning software to students and with a group of high school students to teach them skills of leadership and project design.
In 2007, SEALNet was given a grant by the Singapore MFA as part of the ASEAN 40th anniversary celebrations. By the end of the 2010 project cycle, SEALNet's all-volunteer community has organized over 28 projects across seven of the 10 ASEAN countries (all except Singapore, Brunei, and Myanmar). There are over 1000 members of SEALNet (high school students, college students and mentor professionals) from around the world.
Members are trained in service and leadership. One major training event is the annual Service Leadership Training Retreat. The first training retreat was run in 2005 at the Wildwood Retreat in Santa Rosa, California.
Chapters
SEALNet has chapters at Stanford University and M.I.T. in the United States and a chapter at NUS in Singapore. The organization's finances and administration within the United States is conducted by the 501(c)(3) registered within the State of California, "SEALNet, Inc." In Singapore, the finances and administration are conducted by the registered Public Company Limited by Guarantee "SEALNet (Singapore) Limited." SEALNet's long-term goals include the addition of more chapters within the United States and across Southeast Asia. All of the chapters are overseen by the Board of Directors of the 501(c)(3) organization and by the board of trustees.
See also
Youth empowerment
References
Further Information
SEALNet official website
SEALNet (Singapore) official website
Các bạn trẻ VN trong Mạng lưới Lãnh đạo và Phục vụ Đông Nam Á
SEALNet Project Cambodia 2006 CTN coverage
Charities based in California
National University of Singapore
Youth empowerment organizations
Asian-American culture in San Francisco
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traction%20%28organization%29
|
Traction is a progressive non-profit organization promoting civic engagement, based in the city of Durham, North Carolina. Traction's goal is to inform, inspire and connect a growing social network of left-leaning 20- and 30-somethings. The organization focuses on raising awareness of progressive issues including civil rights, health care, the environment, electoral fairness, economic justice and education. These topics are integrated into activities such as movies, dodgeball, art exhibitions, sushi-making workshops, potluck dinners and parties to create issue-based events which inform and mobilize the community for social action.
Traction was founded in 2005 by Lanya Shapiro
and became a project of the San Francisco-based Tides Center in early 2007.
The group's funding sources include the Z. Smith Reynolds Foundation, Jonathan and Peter Lewis, and the Open Society Institute.
Sources
External links
Official website
The Independent Weekly's Best of the Triangle issue -- Durham: Cool, gritty, grand and growing
Traction and Trick-or-Vote: audio clip from North Carolina Public Radio WUNC
Youth Activism: audio from North Carolina Public Radio WUNC, featuring Traction
Research Triangle
Political advocacy groups in the United States
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astro%20Fighter
|
is a space shoot 'em up game released for arcades in 1979. It was developed and distributed by Data East in Japan and was distributed in North America by Sega/Gremlin.
Gameplay
Astro Fighter consists of 4 waves and a refueling stage, which are then repeated with increasingly higher difficulty. The player's task is to eliminate the four successive waves of different types of attacking craft, while avoiding being hit by missiles and bombs, and then refuel by shooting the 'GS' ship before repeating the process. The player starts with 3 lives and receives a bonus life on reaching a score of 5000. 300 bonus points are received for shooting each 6 falling bombs and for 950 for hitting the GS ship accurately on the first shot. A very large bonus of 10,000 is given for getting through 4 waves and refueling by using exactly 2 shots more than the minimum needed.
Reception
In North America, it was the fourth top-grossing video game on the Play Meter arcade charts from September to October 1980.
References
External links
Astro Fighter at Arcade History
1979 video games
Arcade video games
Arcade-only video games
Data East video games
Fixed shooters
Gremlin Industries games
Video games developed in Japan
Data East arcade games
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPEG%20elementary%20stream
|
An elementary stream (ES) as defined by the MPEG communication protocol is usually the output of an audio encoder or video encoder. An ES contains only one kind of data (e.g. audio, video, or closed caption). An elementary stream is often referred to as "elementary", "data", "audio", or "video" bitstreams or streams. The format of the elementary stream depends upon the codec or data carried in the stream, but will often carry a common header when packetized into a packetized elementary stream.
Header for MPEG-2 video elementary stream
General layout of MPEG-1 audio elementary stream
The digitized sound signal is divided up into blocks of 384 samples in Layer I and 1152 samples in Layers II and III. The sound sample block is encoded within an audio frame:
header
error check
audio data
ancillary data
The header of a frame contains general information such as the MPEG Layer, the sampling frequency, the number of channels, whether the frame is CRC protected, whether the sound is the original:
Although most of this information may be the same for all frames, MPEG decided to give each audio frame such a header in order to simplify synchronization and bitstream editing.
See also
MP3
Packetized elementary stream
MPEG program stream
MPEG transport stream
External links
ISO/IEC 11172-3:1993: Information technology -- Coding of moving pictures and associated audio for digital storage media at up to about 1,5 Mbit/s -- Part 3: Audio
MPEG
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guy%27s%20Big%20Bite
|
Guy's Big Bite is a Food Network show starring Guy Fieri, winner of the second season of The Next Food Network Star. The inaugural six-episode season premiered on June 25, 2006 in the 10:00 a.m. (EST) timeslot. The initial concept included Fieri cooking in a bachelor pad-like set featuring a large television and car memorabilia. Executives reportedly loved the show, including Fieri's magnetic personality.
Food Network renewed the series after the successful inaugural trial run. Beginning in season Two, Fieri received a more personalized set including a "guy" fridge with a #05 and racing stripes, a pin ball machine, big screen television, in-house bar, and a bumper-pool table. He then regularly had his friends and "posse" join him during episodes.
In season 10, Fieri shifted the focus from a studio kitchen to his own backyard, having guests at his own home besides his own techniques in the backyard of his home.
Guy's Big Bite aired for nineteen seasons, completing in 2016.
References
External links
Guy's Big Bite on FoodNetwork.com
Food Network original programming
2000s American cooking television series
2006 American television series debuts
2010s American cooking television series
English-language television shows
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uchi%20Mata%20%28video%20game%29
|
Uchi Mata (also known as Judo Uchi Mata) is a judo fighting game released for various home computers by Martech Games. It was promoted by British Olympic judoka Brian Jacks, who also acted as technical advisor. It is the first fighting game to feature counters and hidden moves.
Summary
This computer game is notable for its control scheme that allowed users to perform various fighting techniques.
A similar control scheme would be used a year later in Capcom's arcade game Street Fighter. Another feature that would later appear in Street Fighter was the inclusion of hidden moves: moves that were not included in the instruction manual that players would have to find on their own.
Unlike most other martial arts games the approach is more important than the actual kick/shove/punch etc., since the player must first grab the opponent and subsequently do an up/down/left/right combo (about ten different options to choose from) on the joystick before anything happens. The most powerful move is called uchi mata and if performed correctly it will knock out the opponent no matter how much strength he may have left. A nice little detail here is that the opponent's eyes (really just two black dots, and only one since the game is a side scroller) close/disappear when he lands on his back after a knock out-move, as if to say 'he's gone'. Punching is not allowed, yet there's one available punch in the game, and if executed the player is immediately disqualified.
There are six to seven opponents in each level and you can continue play working your way up the 'Dan' ratings.
Reception
The game received mixed reviews. The animation was praised by Sinclair User, but Crash criticised the controls. CVG said it was realistic but difficult. Phil South of Your Sinclair said "Uchi Mata is quite good fun, but it seemed a bit unfinished to me. Shame, 'cos with a bit of tickling up this could have been a surefire hit."
Uchi Mata sold poorly and it was soon re-released at budget price by Alternative Software. Alternative renamed the game as according to managing director Roger Hulley "the name didn't click, so we put the sport first and our title is called Judo Uchi Mata, which really sells". Judo Uchi Mata reached the number nine in the UK video games charts in Autumn 1987.
References
External links
1986 video games
1986 in judo
Amstrad CPC games
Commodore 64 games
Judo video games
Video games developed in the United Kingdom
ZX Spectrum games
Video games based on real people
Jacks
Jacks
Martech games
Multiplayer and single-player video games
Alternative Software games
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HiSoft%20Systems
|
HiSoft Systems is a software company based in the UK, creators of a range of programming tools for microcomputers in 1980s and 1990s.
Products
Their first products were Pascal and Assembler implementations for the NASCOM 1 and 2 kit-based computers, followed by Pascal and C for computers, as well as a BASIC compiler for this platform and a C compiler for CP/M. While compilers for the were typical products for this platform, with integrated editor, compiler and runtime environment fitting in RAM together with program's source, the C compiler for CP/M was typical for this operating system, batch operated, with separate compilation and linking stages.
Their most well-known products were the Devpac assembler IDE environments (earlier known as GenST and GenAm for the Atari ST and Amiga, respectively). The Devpac IDE was a full editor/assembler/debugger environment written entirely in 68k assembler and was a favourite tool among programmers on the Atari GEM platform.
HiSoft also sold HiSoft BASIC and Power BASIC, HiSoft C Interpreter for the Atari ST, Aztec C, Personal Pascal, and FTL Modula-2. They also produced WERCS, the WIMP Environment Resource Construction Set.
Background
The business was created in 1980 and was based in Dunstable, Bedfordshire before relocating to the village of Greenfield in the same county.
In November 2001, HiSoft's staff were employed by Maxon Computer Limited, the UK arm of MAXON Computer GmbH. to work on Cinema 4D.
David Link, the founder and owner, ran a café () in the village of Emsworth for a year until July 2007 and a restaurant/bar/guest house() in Shanklin, Isle of Wight, from 2010 until January 2015.
References
External links
HiSoft Systems
World of Spectrum HiSoft archive
ZX Spectrum
Software companies of the United Kingdom
Amiga
Atari ST
Atari ST software
Software companies established in 1980
1980 establishments in the United Kingdom
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigel%20Vonas
|
Nigel Vonas is a film, television, and theatre actor, perhaps best known for his roles on Prison Break and Arrow. He completed his first year of computer engineering at the University of Toronto, before choosing arts over science.
Career
He began his acting career in theatre, starring in several renowned American plays. The performances include his award-winning portrayal of Mike Downey, in the critically acclaimed play, Cherry Docs, by David Gow.
His film and television career began on Stargate SG-1, and he has since appeared on several other American TV series.
Filmography
Film and television
References
External links
Canadian male film actors
Canadian male television actors
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winnick
|
Winnick is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
David Winnick, British Labour Party politician
Gary Winnick, American financier
Gary Winnick (game developer), American computer game designer, writer, artist and animator
Katheryn Winnick, Canadian film and television actress
Maurice Winnick, English musician and dance band leader
See also
Winick
Winnicki
Winnik
Winwick (disambiguation)
Vinnick
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical%20evolution
|
Grammatical evolution (GE) is an evolutionary computation and, more specifically, a genetic programming (GP) technique (or approach) pioneered by Conor Ryan, JJ Collins and Michael O'Neill in 1998 at the BDS Group in the University of Limerick.
As in any other GP approach, the objective is to find an executable program, program fragment, or function, which will achieve a good fitness value for a given objective function. In most published work on GP, a LISP-style tree-structured expression is directly manipulated, whereas GE applies genetic operators to an integer string, subsequently mapped to a program (or similar) through the use of a grammar, which is typically expressed in Backus–Naur form. One of the benefits of GE is that this mapping simplifies the application of search to different programming languages and other structures.
Problem addressed
In type-free, conventional Koza-style GP, the function set must meet the requirement of closure: all functions must be capable of accepting as their arguments the output of all other functions in the function set. Usually, this is implemented by dealing with a single data-type such as double-precision floating point. While modern Genetic Programming frameworks support typing, such type-systems have limitations that Grammatical Evolution does not suffer from.
GE's solution
GE offers a solution to the single-type limitation by evolving solutions according to a user-specified grammar (usually a grammar in Backus-Naur form). Therefore the search space can be restricted, and domain knowledge of the problem can be incorporated. The inspiration for this approach comes from a desire to separate the "genotype" from the "phenotype": in GP, the objects the search algorithm operates on and what the fitness evaluation function interprets are one and the same. In contrast, GE's "genotypes" are ordered lists of integers which code for selecting rules from the provided context-free grammar. The phenotype, however, is the same as in Koza-style GP: a tree-like structure that is evaluated recursively. This model is more in line with how genetics work in nature, where there is a separation between an organism's genotype and the final expression of phenotype in proteins, etc.
Separating genotype and phenotype allows a modular approach. In particular, the search portion of the GE paradigm needn't be carried out by any one particular algorithm or method. Observe that the objects GE performs search on are the same as those used in genetic algorithms. This means, in principle, that any existing genetic algorithm package, such as the popular GAlib, can be used to carry out the search, and a developer implementing a GE system need only worry about carrying out the mapping from list of integers to program tree. It is also in principle possible to perform the search using some other method, such as particle swarm optimization (see the remark below); the modular nature of GE creates many opportunities for hybrids as the
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komodo
|
Komodo may refer to:
Computers
Komodo Edit, a free text editor for dynamic programming languages
Komodo IDE an integrated development environment (IDE) for dynamic programming languages
Komodo (chess), a chess engine
People
Komodo (comics), one of various characters in the Marvel Comics universe
A character in the comic book series Nocturnals
A character in the television series The Secret Saturdays
Places - aspects of Komodo island
Komodo (island), in Indonesia
Komodo National Park, the national park of the island
Komodo (district), the district of Komodo Island
Komodo (village), the main village of Komodo Island
Komodo language, the traditional language of Komodo Island
Komodo dragon, a large species of lizard that inhabits the island
Other uses
Komodo (Save a Soul), a recording by Mauro Picotto
Exercise Komodo, naval exercise hosted by Indonesian Navy since 2014
Komodo (film), a movie
The Komodos, nickname of Persamba West Manggarai, an association football club in Indonesia
Pindad Komodo, an Indonesian 4×4 tactical vehicle
Fin Komodo, Indonesian buggy-type vehicle
See also
Comodo (disambiguation)
Kamado, a traditional Japanese wood- or charcoal-fueled cook stove
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SFN
|
SFN may refer to:
Short filename, the 8.3 filename limitation of the DOS computer operating system
SFN Group, Inc., a North American temporary work agency
Single-frequency network, a broadcast network where several transmitters simultaneously send the same signal over the same frequency channel
Small Fiber Neuropathy
Society for Neuroscience, a professional society headquartered in Washington, D.C.
Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn, a medical condition occurring in newborns
Protein stratifin
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Statutory%20Instruments%20of%20the%20United%20Kingdom%2C%201961
|
This is an incomplete list of statutory instruments of the United Kingdom in 1961. This listing includes the complete, 58 items, "Partial Dataset" as listed on www.legislation.gov.uk (as at March 2014).
Statutory instruments
1-499
The Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia (Appeals to Privy Council) Order in Council, 1961 SI 1961/59
The National Insurance (Non-participation-Benefits and Schemes) Amendment Regulations, 1961 SI 1961/137
The Evidence by Certificate Rules 1961 SI 1961/248 (L. 3)
The National Insurance (Modification of the Royal Naval Pension Scheme) Regulations, 1961 SI 1961/294
The National Insurance (Modification of Electricity Superannuation Schemes) Regulations, 1961 SI 1961/306
The National Insurance (Modification of Gas Superannuation Schemes) Regulations, 1961 SI 1961/307
The Superannuation (English Local Government and Jersey) Interchange Rules, 1961 SI 1961/316
The Anglo-Norwegian Sea Fisheries Order 1961 SI 1961/342
The Airways Corporations (General Staff, Pilots and Officers Pensions) (Amendment) Regulations, 1961 SI 1961/445
500-999
The National Insurance (Graduated Retirement Benefit and Consequential Provisions) Regulations, 1961 SI 1961/557
The National Insurance (Modification of Transport Undertaking Superannuation Funds) Regulation, 1961 SI 1961/559
The Double Taxation Relief (Taxes on Income) (Faroe Islands) Order 1961 SI 1961/579
The Visiting Forces and Allied Headquarters (Income Tax and Death Duties) (Designation) Order 1961 SI 1961/580
The Visiting Forces and Allied Headquarters (Stamp Duties) (Designation) Order, 1961 SI 1961/581
The National Insurance and Industrial Injuries (Turkey) Order, 1961 SI 1961/584
The Foreign Compensation (Czechoslovakia) (Registration) (Amendment) Order, 1961 SI 1961/585
The Industrial Assurance (Premium Receipt Books) (Amendment) Regulations, 1961 SI 1961/597
The Gambia (Appeals to Privy Council) Order in Council, 1961 SI 1961/744
The Trunk Roads (Ormskirk and Aughton) (40 m.p.h. Speed Limit) Order 1961 S.I. 1961/896
The National Insurance (Modification of Trustee Savings Banks Pensions) Regulations, 1961 SI 1961/910
1000-1499
The Charities (Exception of Certain Charities for Boy Scouts and Girl Guides from Registration) Regulations, 1961 SI 1961/1044
The National Insurance (Modification of Superannuation Provisions) (Assistant Clerks of Assize) Regulations, 1961 SI 1961/1083
The Family Allowances, National Insurance and Industrial Injuries (Germany) Order, 1959/ SI 1961/1202
The Nurses Agencies Regulations, 1961 SI 1961/1214
The Breathing Apparatus, Etc. (Report on Examination) Order, 1961 SI 1961/1345
The Superannuation (National Assistance Board) Transfer (Amendment) Rules, 1961 SI 1961/1376
The National Insurance (Non-participation-Assurance of Equivalent Pension Benefits) Amendment Regulations, 1961 SI 1961/1378
The Trunk Roads (40 m.p.h. Speed Limit Direction) (No.14) Order 1961 S.I. 1961/1384
The Overseas Service Superannuation Order, 1961 SI 1961/1494
1500-1999
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Adventures%20of%20Twizzle
|
The Adventures of Twizzle is a British children's television series produced by AP Films (APF) which premiered on the ITV network in 1957. Conceived by author Roberta Leigh, later a co-producer, it was filmed between July 1957 and January 1958. The series follows a young boy named Twizzle and his companions on various adventures. Twizzle has the ability to extend his arms and legs. Fifty-two episodes were filmed, of which all but the first are lost. The sole surviving episode was released on the Space Patrol DVD box set. Twizzle was one of the first series to use the intricate puppetry that would prove important in later shows developed by APF.
Overview
Twizzle's legs looked like drinking straws with lines around them in a swirling pattern and appear to extend up into his body with the "Twizzle" effect happening when the puppet body is raised while the feet aren't. In the first episode, Twizzle originally lived in a toy shop and cost two shillings and six pence (12.5p) and was nearly sold to a naughty girl named Sally Cross but he hid and escaped that night before the child returned the following day to buy him. He travelled some distance and the next night hid in a dog kennel where he found Footso, a cat who had run away from home as the children made fun of his big feet.
Twizzle proved useful in a fire by saving a child on a high window when no ladder was available for which he was given a racing car as a reward but after crashing it he swapped it for a breakdown truck which he uses for rescuing toys. Footso had large feet which sometimes trip him up, hence his name. Later came Jiffy the Broomstick Man (a cross between a broom made of twigs and a suit wearing man who could sweep the floor on his own) who Twizzle and Footso rescued from the clutches of a stereotypical evil witch (who had threatened to burn him) when he flew up the chimney to escape her. The witch returned in a later episode and there was another narrow escape by all. Jiffy could fly by lying horizontal and would fly other people out of trouble. Twizzle and Footso built Straytown where stray toys (misfits) could live and lived in a cabin there. This theme was later carried over to Torchy the Battery Boy. Both ideas bear a resemblance to Peter Pan and Neverneverland.
All had their songs which were entertaining time-wasters, with Footso "dreaming of herrings and kippers and creamy cream" after which he'd say "Purr! Purr! Purr! Meowwll!", the latter loudly and then the show would continue (a theme Anderson later carried into Four Feather Falls). The songs were written by Roberta Leigh. There was also Chawky the white faced Golliwog who would complain: "Who wants a white-faced Golliwog?" and Candy Floss, a "Mamma Doll" who could not say "mamma" as well as Bouncy, a ball who had lost his bounce. There was also a thin Teddy Bear as well as a China Doll and a Jack in the Box. An occasional visitor to Straytown was The Toy Inspector who would check on the toys living there.
Annual
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seefeel
|
Seefeel are a British electronic and post-rock band formed in the early 1990s by Mark Clifford (guitar, programming), Daren Seymour (bass), Justin Fletcher (drums, programming), and Sarah Peacock (vocals, guitar). Their work became known for fusing guitar-based shoegaze with the production techniques of ambient techno and electronica.
Initially forming as a more conventional rock band, Seefeel soon embraced electronic production and gained recognition for their 1993 debut EP More Like Space and first album Quique (1993), both on the British independent label Too Pure. The band subsequently released music on electronic labels Warp Records and Rephlex, and then went on an extended hiatus in 1997, with members pursuing the side-projects Scala and Disjecta.
Following the reissue of Quique in 2007, Clifford and Peacock relaunched Seefeel and were joined by Shigeru Ishihara (DJ Scotch Egg) on bass, and former Boredoms drummer Iida Kazuhisa (E-Da). In 2010 they released the Faults EP (their first new recording in 14 years) followed shortly after by an eponymous LP in 2011, both on Warp.
History
Early years
Clifford originally began writing tracks for what became Seefeel in late 1991. He placed an advert at Goldsmiths College, London where he was a student, and it was answered by Fletcher who joined him on drums. Peacock became part of the group after Clifford answered an advert she had placed in the NME. Soon Darren Seymour joined them on bass. Early recordings were made at home, and other London studios. A demo tape was sent to three record companies and to John Peel at BBC Radio 1. John Peel rang Peacock to say how much he liked the tracks and the band would later perform a session for his Radio 1 show. Soon after, one of the labels that had been sent a demo, Too Pure, approached the band.
First releases on Too Pure
The band's first release was the self-produced More Like Space EP, released in Autumn 1993. It was largely compiled from four-track home recordings, but enhanced in the studio. Subsequently, the Plainsong EP was released along with an EP of remixes including two remixes of 'Time to Find Me' by Aphex Twin. Notorious for tearing tracks apart when remixing them, Aphex Twin notably left the track much as it was released, asserting in an interview for Lime Lizard magazine, prior to remixing the track "I think it's gonna be a weird kind of a mix because I really, really like their stuff as it is, and what I'm going to do is just add a groove to it. But I'm definitely gonna make it slow. The main reason I like it is that as soon as you turn it off it leaves this big gap, this really big void. Fucking hell, that's well intense, I love it!" These first two EPs, along with the remix EP, were later released in the US as a single CD Polyfusia, by Astralwerks.
The band's first album, Quique, was released in October 1993. Initial recordings for the album were made at home before the band transferred to Falconer Studios in North London, where the
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20object%E2%80%93relational%20mapping%20software
|
This is a list of well-known object–relational mapping software.
Java
Apache Cayenne, open-source for Java
Apache OpenJPA, open-source for Java
DataNucleus, open-source JDO and JPA implementation (formerly known as JPOX)
Ebean, open-source ORM framework
EclipseLink, Eclipse persistence platform
Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB)
Enterprise Objects Framework, Mac OS X/Java, part of Apple WebObjects
Hibernate, open-source ORM framework, widely used
Java Data Objects (JDO)
JOOQ Object Oriented Querying (jOOQ)
Kodo, commercial implementation of both Java Data Objects and Java Persistence API
TopLink by Oracle
iOS
Core Data by Apple for Mac OS X and iOS
.NET
Base One Foundation Component Library, free or commercial
Dapper, open source
Entity Framework, included in .NET Framework 3.5 SP1 and above
iBATIS, free open source, maintained by ASF but now inactive.
LINQ to SQL, included in .NET Framework 3.5
NHibernate, open source
nHydrate, open source
Quick Objects, free or commercial
Objective-C, Cocoa
Enterprise Objects, one of the first commercial OR mappers, available as part of WebObjects
Core Data, object graph management framework with several persistent stores, ships with Mac OS X and iOS
Perl
DBIx::Class
PHP
Laravel, framework that contains an ORM called "Eloquent" an ActiveRecord implementation.
Doctrine, open source ORM for PHP 5.2.3, 5.3.X., 7.4.X Free software (MIT)
CakePHP, ORM and framework for PHP 5, open source (scalars, arrays, objects); based on database introspection, no class extending
CodeIgniter, framework that includes an ActiveRecord implementation
Yii, ORM and framework for PHP 5, released under the BSD license. Based on the ActiveRecord pattern
FuelPHP, ORM and framework for PHP 5.3, released under the MIT license. Based on the ActiveRecord pattern.
Laminas, framework that includes a table data gateway and row data gateway implementations
Propel, ORM and query-toolkit for PHP 5, inspired by Apache Torque, free software, MIT
Qcodo, ORM and framework for PHP 5, open source
QCubed, A community driven fork of Qcodo
Redbean, ORM layer for PHP 5, for creating and maintaining tables on the fly, open source, BSD
Skipper, visualization tool and a code/schema generator for PHP ORM frameworks, commercial
Python
Django, ActiveRecord ORM included in Django framework, open source
SQLAlchemy, open source, a Data Mapper ORM
SQLObject, open source
Storm, open source (LGPL 2.1) developed at Canonical Ltd.
Tryton, open source
web2py, the facilities of an ORM are handled by the DAL in web2py, open source
Odoo – Formerly known as OpenERP, It is an Open Source ERP in which ORM is included.
Ruby
iBATIS (inactive)
ActiveRecord
DataMapper
Smalltalk
TOPLink/Smalltalk, by Oracle, the Smalltalk predecessor of the Java version of TOPLink
See also
Comparison of object–relational mapping software
References
Object-relational mapping software
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/France%20Culture
|
France Culture is a French public radio channel and part of Radio France. Its programming encompasses a wide variety of features on historical, philosophical, sociopolitical, and scientific themes (including debates, discussions, and documentaries), as well as literary readings, radio plays, and experimental productions. The channel is broadcast nationwide on FM and is also available online.
History
France Culture began life in 1945 as the Programme National of Radiodiffusion Française (RDF). Renamed France III in 1958 and RTF Promotion in 1963, the channel finally adopted its present name later in that same year. The Programme National had originally carried the bulk of French public radio's classical music output; however, since the establishment in 1953 of the specialized "high-fidelity" music channel which was to become today's France Musique, France Culture has gradually become an almost exclusively speech-based channel.
Some landmark programmes
Atelier de création radiophonique (since 1969)
Black and Blue (1970–2008)
Le Bon plaisir (1985–1999)
Le Panorama (since 1968)
Les Chemins de la connaissance (1970–1997)
Les Chemins de la musique (1997–2004)
Du jour au lendemain (1985–2014)
La Matinée des autres (1977–2002)
Les Nuits magnétiques (1977–1999)
Une vie, une œuvre (since 1984)
Directors
Agathe Mella (1973–1975)
Yves Jaigu (1975–1984)
Jean-Marie Borzeix (1984–1997)
Patrice Gélinet (1997–1999)
Laure Adler (1999–2005)
David Kessler (2005–2008)
Bruno Patino (2008–2010)
Olivier Poivre d'Arvor (2010–2015)
Sandrine Treiner (August 2015 – present)
External links
Map of France Culture's transmitter network
French Podcasts| Des papous dans la tête: English review of one of the current podcasts from France Culture presented by Françoise Treussard.
1946 establishments in France
Radio France
Radio stations established in 1946
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SingStar%20%28PlayStation%203%29
|
SingStar is a competitive karaoke game for the PlayStation 3, and is a follow-up to the PlayStation 2 SingStar series. SingStar is developed by London Studio and published by Sony Computer Entertainment. This is the first SingStar game for the PS3.
Features
Unlike most previous SingStar games, SingStar for the PlayStation 3 features the ability to remove vocals. The songs feature the original music artist, and can be adapted from a single track master as with previous versions. SingStar then attempts to digitally remove the vocals from the track. The game will also allow users to fade out the vocal track once it detects the user singing, and return it if the user stops. The technology is unable to work on some songs due to the way they were mixed during recording.
The game shipped with 30 songs on disc, with the ability to download more songs from the online SingStore. The SingStore initially launched with 41 songs, including selected songs from the PS2 back catalogue, with more songs to be added regularly. The downloads feature the entire music video, and are in high definition where available.
My SingStar Online is the online component of SingStar. The idea for My SingStar Online was inspired by people uploading photos and videos of SingStar parties to websites such as Flickr and YouTube. The game could record photos and videos of players singing with the PlayStation Eye and the PS2 EyeToy, then be saved to the PlayStation's HDD or uploaded to the My SingStar Online network. Users could able to rate each other's performances and leave comments on their profiles.
Existing SingStar-brand USB microphones are compatible with the new game. Wireless Bluetooth microphones were under development but weren't ready in time for the launch, as originally promised. The newer Wireless microphones were released in March 2009, using a USB receiver to communicate with the microphones and not a bluetooth connection as previously stated.
Track lists
Tracks that were demonstrated at E³ 2006, but do not appear on the final track list, are: Avril Lavigne's "Complicated", Coldplay's "Speed of Sound", Culture Club's "Karma Chameleon", Franz Ferdinand's "Do You Want To", Marilyn Manson's "Personal Jesus", Queen's "Don't Stop Me Now", Soft Cell's "Tainted Love" and The Darkness's "I Believe in a Thing Called Love".
Also, David Bowie's "Let's Dance", Franz Ferdinand's "Do You Want To", Pixies's "Here Comes Your Man" and Queens of the Stone Age's "Go with the Flow" were on the provisional track list for SingStar PS3.
Many of these were available (for an additional charge) from the SingStore.
On disc
The following table lists songs available on SingStar for the PlayStation 3 video game console. Country of release is indicated by two-letter country codes. For titles which were localised for multiple markets, songs are either indicated as present ("Yes") or absent ("No") in the track list for each localised version.
Available for purchase on SingStore
Reception
Si
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooperative%20multitasking
|
Cooperative multitasking, also known as non-preemptive multitasking, is a style of computer multitasking in which the operating system never initiates a context switch from a running process to another process. Instead, in order to run multiple applications concurrently, processes voluntarily yield control periodically or when idle or logically blocked. This type of multitasking is called cooperative because all programs must cooperate for the scheduling scheme to work.
In this scheme, the process scheduler of an operating system is known as a cooperative scheduler whose role is limited to starting the processes and letting them return control back to it voluntarily.
This is related to the asynchronous programming approach.
Usage
Although it is rarely used as the primary scheduling mechanism in modern operating systems, it is widely used in memory-constrained embedded systems and also, in specific applications such as CICS or the JES2 subsystem. Cooperative multitasking was the primary scheduling scheme for 16-bit applications employed by Microsoft Windows before Windows 95 and Windows NT, and by the classic Mac OS. Windows 9x used non-preemptive multitasking for 16-bit legacy applications, and the PowerPC Versions of Mac OS X prior to Leopard used it for classic applications. NetWare, which is a network-oriented operating system, used cooperative multitasking up to NetWare 6.5. Cooperative multitasking is still used on RISC OS systems.
Cooperative multitasking is used with await in languages, such as JavaScript or Python, that feature a single-threaded event-loop in their runtime. This contrasts with operating system cooperative multitasking as await is scoped only to the function or block, meaning other tasks may run concurrently in other parts of the code while a single function is waiting. In most modern languages, async and await are implemented as coroutines.
Problems
As a cooperatively multitasked system relies on each process regularly giving up time to other processes on the system, one poorly designed program can consume all of the CPU time for itself, either by performing extensive calculations or by busy waiting; both would cause the whole system to hang. In a server environment, this is a hazard that makes the entire environment unacceptably fragile.
In contrast, preemptive multitasking interrupts applications and gives control to other processes outside the application's control.
The potential for system hang can be alleviated by using a watchdog timer, often implemented in hardware; this typically invokes a hardware reset.
Cooperative multitasking allows much simpler implementation of applications because their execution is never unexpectedly interrupted by the process scheduler; for example, various functions inside the application do not need to be reentrant.
See also
Preemptive multitasking
References
Concurrent computing
de:Multitasking#Kooperatives Multitasking
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egli%20model
|
The Egli model is a terrain model for radio frequency propagation. This model, which was first introduced by John Egli in his 1957 paper, was derived from real-world data on UHF and VHF television transmissions in several large cities. It predicts the total path loss for a point-to-point link. Typically used for outdoor line-of-sight transmission, this model provides the path loss as a single quantity.
Applicable to/under conditions
The Egli model is typically suitable for cellular communication scenarios where one antenna is fixed and another is mobile. The model is applicable to scenarios where the transmission has to go over an irregular terrain. However, the model does not take into account travel through some vegetative obstruction, such as trees or shrubbery.
Coverage
Frequency: The model is typically applied to VHF and UHF spectrum transmissions.
Mathematical formulation
The Egli model is formally expressed as:
Where,
= Receive power [W]
= Transmit power [W]
= Absolute gain of the base station antenna.
= Absolute gain of the mobile station antenna.
= Height of the base station antenna. [m]
= Height of the mobile station antenna. [m]
= Distance from base station antenna. [m]
= Frequency of transmission. [MHz]
Limitations
This model predicts the path loss as a whole and does not subdivide the loss into free space loss and other losses.
See also
Longley–Rice model
ITU terrain model
International Telecommunication Union
References
Further reading
Introduction to RF propagation, John S. Seybold, 2005, John Wiley and Sons Inc.
Radio frequency propagation model
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IWireless
|
Iowa Wireless Services LLC, doing business as iWireless, was a mobile network operator founded in 1997, not related to Kroger's service. Headquartered in Urbandale, Iowa, iWireless was a partnership between T-Mobile US, Inc. and Iowa Network Services Inc. iWireless owned licenses to operate GSM cellular networks in the PCS-1900 and AWS-1700 radio frequency bands covering Iowa, southwestern Wisconsin and northwestern Illinois. iWireless had over 250 full-service company stores and authorized dealers across Iowa, western Illinois, and eastern Nebraska. iWireless was acquired in full by T-Mobile and on October 1, 2018, the service was shut down as customers were encouraged to migrate to T-Mobile plans.
History
iWireless was founded in 1997 as Iowa Wireless Services L.P., a joint venture between Western Wireless Corp. and Iowa Network Services Inc., a consortium of 127 Iowa independent telecommunications companies. The joint venture was formed to expand PCS throughout Iowa, marketing services under the VoiceStream Wireless brand name.
T-Mobile will acquire the remaining shares from Aureon (the successor company to Iowa Network Services) by the end of 2017/beginning of 2018.
T-Mobile recently acquired iWireless, and service on the iWireless network was discontinued on 10/01/2018.
Network
Radio frequency summary
iWireless operated GSM cellular networks in the PCS-1900 and AWS-1700/2100 radio frequency bands primarily in Iowa, but also owned licenses covering the Quad Cities area of western Illinois, southwestern Wisconsin and North Sioux City, South Dakota. In certain rural areas iWireless was the only GSM provider, providing roaming services for AT&T, T-Mobile USA, and other GSM carriers.
iWireless added coverage in and immediately surrounding Sioux City, Iowa, in June 2006, and planned to add approximately 100 new cell sites mainly in western Iowa throughout 2007, and planned to add 120 new towers throughout the Iowa, Illinois, South Dakota, and the Wisconsin areas. In some rural areas they were the only GSM provider, and also provided roaming services for AT&T, T-Mobile USA, and other smaller GSM carriers. iWireless was criticized for their relatively small coverage area compared to larger carriers, as well as long distance charges for calls outside of their coverage area on local plans.
iWireless continued to expand their high-speed voice and data coverage in 2010 adding almost 100 new towers across Iowa and western Illinois. Area cell towers that were added during 2010 included: Sioux City, Southeastern Iowa, Southwestern Iowa, Mason City, Garner, Waterloo/Cedar Falls, Cedar Rapids, Burlington, Quad Cities, Dubuque, Iowa City, and Fort Dodge.
In September 2010, iWireless launched their statewide 3G UMTS/HSPA network. The network transmitted in the Advanced Wireless Services radio frequency band that is also used by T-Mobile USA.
iWireless and T-Mobile USA announced on October 1, 2012 that iWireless had acquired the rights to sell and o
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Pierre%20H%C3%A9bert
|
Jean-Pierre Hébert (1939 – March 28, 2021) was an American artist of French origin. He specialized in algorithmic art, drawings, and mixed media. He co-founded the Algorists in 1995 with Roman Verostko. From 2003 until his death, he held an artist-in-residence position at the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics (KITP) at the University of California, Santa Barbara.
Hébert was born in Calais, France, and grew up in Vence. He worked for many years in the field of computer science even as he pursued his art. He eventually settled in Santa Barbara, California. He was a pioneer in the field of computer art from the mid-1970s on, merging traditional art media and techniques, personal software, plotters, and custom built devices to create an original body of work. He cited the American artist Anni Albers as an early inspiration and noted that he first read about her work in an IBM brochure. He was the recipient of Pollock-Krasner Foundation and David Bermant Foundation awards. In 2012, he received the ACM SIGGRAPH Distinguished Artist Award for Lifetime Achievement in Digital Art.
Hébert produced works on paper, including ink and pencil drawings, paintings, etchings and dry points from polymer and copper plates, and digital prints. He also created sand, water and sound installations, algorithmic visual music, works for wall displays, physics based algorithmic pieces, and more. His work was exhibited extensively and was frequently juried in the SIGGRAPH Art Gallery. Several museums and institutional collections hold his works, including the digital art collections of the Mary and Leigh Block Museum of Art (Northwestern University, Chicago) and the Victoria and Albert Museum (London). The Art Vault of the Thoma Foundation in Santa Fe, New Mexico featured one of his works, "Circle of Squares" (1992) in its 2021 exhibition entitled, "Saint Somebody: Technologies of the Divine."
In 2003, he became the artist in residence at the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics (KITP) at the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB). He assumed this role at the invitation of the KITP's then-director and Nobel-prize-winning physicist, David Gross. At the KITP he organized several Algorists group shows. These shows included Hans Dehlinger, Channa Horwitz, Roman Verostko (in 2006), Jean-François Colonna, Helaman Ferguson, Casey Reas (in 2008), and David Em, Paul Hertz, Robert Lang (in 2009) (in 2011).
He died on March 28, 2021, at the age of 81.
References
Sources
Lieser, Wolf (2009). Digital Art: H. F. Ullmann Germany. .
Faure-Walker, James (2006). Painting the Digital River: Prentice Hall. .
Santa Barbara Contemporary Arts Forum (2008). Drawing With the Mind, Catalog. .
Spalter, Anne Morgan (1999). The Computer in the Visual Arts: Addison Wesley. .
Varichon, Anne & Rocella, Carlo (2006). Etre Sable: Editions du Seuil. .
Wands, Bruce (2006). Art of the Digital Age, London: Thames & Hudson. .
External links
Jean-Pierre Hébert's personal site
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gdynia%20Rze%C5%BAnia%20railway%20station
|
Gdynia Rzeźnia is a no longer operating PKP railway station in Gdynia (Pomeranian Voivodeship), Poland.
Lines crossing the station
References
Gdynia Rzeźnia article at Polish Stations Database, URL accessed at 17 June 2006
Rzeznia
Disused railway stations in Pomeranian Voivodeship
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gdynia%20Port%20Centralny%20railway%20station
|
Gdynia Port Centralny is a PKP freight railway station in Gdynia (Pomeranian Voivodeship), Poland.
Lines crossing the station
References
Gdynia Port Centralny article at Polish Stations Database, URL accessed at 16 Mar 2006
Port Centralny
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gdynia%20Pog%C3%B3rze%20railway%20station
|
Gdynia Pogórze is a PKP freight railway station in Gdynia (Pomeranian Voivodeship), Poland.
Lines crossing the station
References
Gdynia Pogórze article at Polish Stations Database, URL accessed at 17 June 2006
Pogorze
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gdynia%20Ob%C5%82u%C5%BCe%20Le%C5%9Bne%20railway%20station
|
Gdynia Obłuże Leśne is a PKP freight railway station in Gdynia (Pomeranian Voivodeship), Poland.
Lines crossing the station
References
Gdynia Obłuże Leśne article at Polish Stations Database, URL accessed at 17 June 2006
Obluze Lesne
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gdynia%20Ob%C5%82u%C5%BCe%20railway%20station
|
Gdynia Obłuże is a no longer operational PKP freight railway station in Gdynia (Pomeranian Voivodeship), Poland.
Lines crossing the station
References
Gdynia Obłuże article at Polish Stations Database, URL accessed at 17 June 2006
Obluze
Disused railway stations in Pomeranian Voivodeship
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computist
|
Computist was a magazine devoted to the Apple II personal computer that was published by Charles R. Haight under the SoftKey Publishing name, between 1981 and 1993, for a total of 89 issues. The magazine was based in Tacoma, Washington. Originally launched as Hardcore Computing, the 'hardcore' part was formally dropped from the title with the 27th issue.
Only three volumes of Core were published: "All About Graphics", "Utilities" and "Home Computer Games".
Originally, the "Games" topic was scheduled for Issue 4, but that issue was scrapped and "Games" became the theme for Issue 3. The "Databases" topic originally planned for Issue 3 later appeared as a feature article in Hardcore Computist #6. Core itself became a regular featured column in Hardcore Computist.
While it was billed as a magazine "for the serious user of Apple computers", in fact much of the content in Computist was devoted to the removal of copy protection from Apple software. At the time, it was commonplace for software publishers to prevent users from making copies of software by distributing the programs on floppy disks that had been written with a modified version of Apple DOS. Each issue of Computist included several "SoftKeys", short code snippets and instructions designed to circumvent software copy protection routines. Often these SoftKeys were designed to be used in conjunction with a program called Super IOB, which could reconstruct the publisher's DOS modifications, circumventing the copy protection for a particular program or group of programs. Typically, following the steps in a published SoftKey resulted in a disk free of protection, which could be duplicated with any disk copier, such as Apple's COPYA program.
Early in its run, Computist was the subject of controversy, when other computer magazines of the day (notably Nibble, Creative Computing and Compute!) refused to run ads for Haight's publications, citing their unwillingness to promote what they viewed as the facilitation of widespread software piracy; (they had also vetoed ads for bit copy programs, such as Essential Data Duplicator (E.D.D.) and Locksmith). Letters debating the merits of piracy versus the free exchange of information and the right of users to make legitimate backups of their programs, were exchanged between Haight and the other editors; several of these appeared in early issues of Hardcore Computist. When Creative Computing later closed down, Computist ran an obituary in Issue 28, reprinting one of its previous articles about the debate, as well as a response from a CC editor, George Blank.
The magazine changed formats several times, going from a thick cardboard-style cover with color graphics, to lighter paper stock covers with expanded content and increased page count; and finally to a large format (11" by 17") newspaper style publication. This last, beginning with issue 66, was intended as a cost-saving measure as subscriptions and reader contributions began to fall off with the wa
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echelon%20Corporation
|
Echelon Corporation was an American company which designed control networks to connect machines and other electronic devices, for the purposes of sensing, monitoring and control. Echelon is now owned by Adesto Technologies.
History
Echelon was founded in February 1988 in Palo Alto, California by Clifford "Mike" Markkula Jr. The chief executive was M. Kenneth Oshman.
Echelon's LonWorks platform for control networking was released in 1990 for use in the building, industrial, transportation, and home automation markets. At their initial public offering on March 31, 1998, their shares were listed on the NASDAQ exchange with the symbol ELON.
Started in 2003, Echelon's Networked Energy Services system was an open metering service. Echelon provides the underlying network technology for the world's largest Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) in Italy with over 27 million connected electricity meters.
Based on the experiences with this installation, Echelon developed the NES (Networked Energy Services) System (including smart meters, data concentrators and a head-end data collection system) in October 2014 with about 3.5 million devices installed.
In August 2014, after quarterly revenues dropped from $24.8 million to $15 million, Echelon announced it was leaving the smart-grid business, shifting its entire corporate focus to the Internet of things as a market for its technology. Echelon committed to only support existing customers, but not grow the grid business, and to potentially seek the sale of its grid business.
Echelon is based in Santa Clara, California, with international offices in China, France, Germany, Italy, Hong Kong, Japan, Korea, The Netherlands, and the United Kingdom.
On June 29, 2018, Adesto Technologies announced its intention to acquire Echelon for $45 million. The acquisition was completed on September 14, 2018.
References
External links
About Echelon Corporation
LonMark International
Networking companies of the United States
Computer companies established in 1988
1988 establishments in California
Companies formerly listed on the Nasdaq
Companies based in San Jose, California
Companies based in Santa Clara, California
Technology companies based in the San Francisco Bay Area
Power-line communication Internet access
1998 initial public offerings
2018 mergers and acquisitions
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wendy%20Kopp
|
Wendy Sue Kopp (born June 29, 1967) is the CEO and co-founder of Teach For All, a global network of independent nonprofit organizations working to expand educational opportunity in their own countries and the Founder of Teach For America (TFA), a national teaching corps.
Background
Wendy Kopp attended Highland Park High School in Dallas, Texas and later was an undergraduate in the School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University. She received her Arts Baccalaureate degree from Princeton in 1989 and was a member of Princeton's Business Today and the University Press Club.
Teach For America
In 1989, Kopp proposed the creation of Teach For America in her 177-page long senior thesis titled "An Argument and Plan for the Creation of the Teachers Corps" which she completed under the supervision of Marvin Bressler. She was convinced that many in her generation were searching for a way to assume a significant responsibility that would make a real difference in the world and that top college students would choose teaching over more lucrative opportunities if a prominent teacher corps existed.
Shortly after graduating from Princeton, Kopp founded Teach For America. In 1990, 500 recent college graduates joined Teach For America's charter corps.
In 2007, Kopp founded Teach For All, a global network of independent nonprofit organizations that apply the same model as Teach For America in other countries.
In 2013, Kopp transitioned out of the role of CEO of Teach For America and named Elisa Villanueva Beard and Matt Kramer as co-CEOs of the organization. Villanueva Beard assumed full leadership in September 2015. Today, Kopp remains an active member of Teach For America's board.
Kopp chronicled her experiences at Teach For America in two books, One Day, All Children: The Unlikely Triumph of Teach For America and What I Learned Along the Way and A Chance To Make History: What Works and What Doesn't in Providing an Excellent Education For All.
According to 2012 online records, Kopp makes at least $416,876 per year.
Personal life
Wendy Kopp is married to Richard Barth, president of the KIPP Foundation. They have four children and live in Manhattan.
Awards
Honorary doctorates
2014: University of Oklahoma
2013: Boston University
2012: Harvard University
2010: Marquette University
2009: Washington University in St. Louis
2008: Georgetown University
2007: Mount Holyoke College
2007: Rhodes College
2004: Pace University
2004: Mercy College
2001: Smith College
2000: Princeton University
1995: Connecticut College
1995: Drew University
Awards
2011: Spelman College National Community Service Award
2008: The Skoll Award for Social Entrepreneurship
2008: Presidential Citizens Medal
2008: Ashoka Fellowship
2006: Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement
2006: The Harold W. McGraw, Jr. Prize in Education Award
2004: The John F. Kennedy New Frontier Award
2003: The Clinton Center Award for Leadership and National
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACCURATE
|
ACCURATE (A Center for Correct, Usable, Reliable, Auditable, and Transparent Elections) was established in 2005 by a group of computer scientists, psychologists and policy experts to address problems with electronic voting. The organization was funded by National Science Foundation (NSF) thru 2012, and published research and reference materials about electronic voting for use by policy makers, vendors, the elections community and the general public.
See also
Avi Rubin
Peter G. Neumann
David A. Wagner
Douglas W. Jones
Voting machine
References
External links
NSF press release August 15 2005 announcing grant funding ACCURATE
Organizations established in 2005
Election technology
Electronic voting organizations
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expensive%20Desk%20Calculator
|
Expensive Desk Calculator by Robert A. Wagner is thought to be computing's first interactive calculation program.
The software first ran on the TX-0 computer loaned to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) by Lincoln Laboratory. It was ported to the PDP-1 donated to MIT in 1961 by Digital Equipment Corporation.
Friends from the MIT Tech Model Railroad Club, Wagner and a group of fellow students had access to these room-sized machines outside classes, signing up for time during off hours. Overseen by Jack Dennis, John McKenzie and faculty advisors, they were personal computer users as early as the late 1950s.
The calculators Wagner needed to complete his numerical analysis homework were across campus and in short supply so he wrote one himself. Although the program has about three thousand lines of code and took months to write, Wagner received a grade of zero on his homework. His professor's reaction was, "You used a computer! This can't be right." Steven Levy wrote, "The professor would learn in time, as would everyone, that the world opened up by the computer was a limitless one."
References
See also
PDP-1
Expensive Typewriter
Expensive Planetarium
Expensive Tape Recorder
Calculators
History of software
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pure%20function
|
In computer programming, a pure function is a function that has the following properties:
the function return values are identical for identical arguments (no variation with local static variables, non-local variables, mutable reference arguments or input streams), and
the function has no side effects (no mutation of local static variables, non-local variables, mutable reference arguments or input/output streams).
Some authors, particularly from the imperative language community, use the term "pure" for all functions that just have the above property 2 (discussed below).
Examples
Pure functions
The following examples of C++ functions are pure:
Impure functions
The following C++ functions are impure as they lack the above property 1:
The following C++ functions are impure as they lack the above property 2:
The following C++ functions are impure as they lack both the above properties 1 and 2:
I/O in pure functions
I/O is inherently impure: input operations undermine referential transparency, and output operations create side effects. Nevertheless, there is a sense in which a function can perform input or output and still be pure, if the sequence of operations on the relevant I/O devices is modeled explicitly as both an argument and a result, and I/O operations are taken to fail when the input sequence does not describe the operations actually taken since the program began execution.
The second point ensures that the only sequence usable as an argument must change with each I/O action; the first allows different calls to an I/O-performing function to return different results on account of the sequence arguments having changed.
The I/O monad is a programming idiom typically used to perform I/O in pure functional languages.
Compiler optimizations
Functions that have just the above property 2 allow for compiler optimization techniques such as common subexpression elimination and loop optimization similar to arithmetic operators. A C++ example is the length method, returning the size of a string, which depends on the memory contents where the string points to, therefore lacking the above property 1. Nevertheless, in a single-threaded environment, the following C++ code
std::string s = "Hello, world!";
int a[10] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10};
int l = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
l += s.length() + a[i];
}
can be optimized such that the value of s.length() is computed only once, before the loop.
Some programming languages allow for declaring a pure property to a function:
In Fortran and D, the pure keyword can be used to declare a function to be just side-effect free (i.e. have just the above property 2). The compiler may be able to deduce property 1 on top of the declaration.
In the GCC, the pure attribute specifies property 2, while the const attribute specifies a truly pure function with both properties.
Languages offering compile-time function execution may require functions to be pure, sometimes with the addition of som
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.