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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goal%20node%20%28computer%20science%29
In computer science, a goal node is a node in a graph that meets defined criteria for success or termination. Heuristical artificial intelligence algorithms, like A* and B*, attempt to reach such nodes in optimal time by defining the distance to the goal node. When the goal node is reached, A* defines the distance to the goal node as 0 and all other nodes' distances as positive values. References N.J. Nilsson Principles of Artificial Intelligence (1982 Birkhäuser) p. 63 See also Tree traversal Graph algorithms
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Map%20algebra
Map algebra is an algebra for manipulating geographic data, primarily fields. Developed by Dr. Dana Tomlin and others in the late 1970s, it is a set of primitive operations in a geographic information system (GIS) which allows one or more raster layers ("maps") of similar dimensions to produce a new raster layer (map) using mathematical or other operations such as addition, subtraction etc. History Prior to the advent of GIS, the overlay principle had developed as a method of literally superimposing different thematic maps (typically an isarithmic map or a chorochromatic map) drawn on transparent film (e.g., cellulose acetate) to see the interactions and find locations with specific combinations of characteristics. The technique was largely developed by landscape architects and city planners, starting with Warren Manning and further refined and popularized by Jaqueline Tyrwhitt, Ian McHarg and others during the 1950s and 1960s. In the mid-1970s, landscape architecture student C. Dana Tomlin developed some of the first tools for overlay analysis in raster as part of the IMGRID project at the Harvard Laboratory for Computer Graphics and Spatial Analysis, which he eventually transformed into the Map Analysis Package (MAP), a popular raster GIS during the 1980s. While a graduate student at Yale University, Tomlin and Joseph K. Berry re-conceptualized these tools as a mathematical model, which by 1983 they were calling "map algebra." This effort was part of Tomlin's development of cartographic modeling, a technique for using these raster operations to implement the manual overlay procedures of McHarg. Although the basic operations were defined in his 1983 PhD dissertation, Tomlin had refined the principles of map algebra and cartographic modeling into their current form by 1990. Although the term cartographic modeling has not gained as wide an acceptance as synonyms such as suitability analysis, suitability modeling and multi-criteria decision making, "map algebra" became a core part of GIS. Because Tomlin released the source code to MAP, its algorithms were implemented (with varying degrees of modification) as the analysis toolkit of almost every raster GIS software package starting in the 1980s, including GRASS, IDRISI (now TerrSet), and the GRID module of ARC/INFO (later incorporated into the Spatial Analyst module of ArcGIS). This widespread implementation further led to the development of many extensions to map algebra, following efforts to extend the raster data model, such as adding new functionality for analyzing spatiotemporal and three-dimensional grids. Map algebra operations Like other algebraic structures, map algebra consists of a set of objects (the domain) and a set of operations that manipulate those objects with closure (i.e., the result of an operation is itself in the domain, not something completely different). In this case, the domain is the set of all possible "maps," which are generally implemented as raster gri
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20programs%20broadcast%20by%20Alter%20Channel
The following is a history of the programming that has aired on Alter Channel from Greece: Children, teens and young people 64 Zoo Lane The Adventures of Blinky Bill The Adventures of Mary-Kate & Ashley and You're Invited to Mary-Kate & Ashley's... (all under the title "Mary-Kate and Ashley") All-New Dennis the Menace Alienators-Evolution Continues Angelina Ballerina Angry Beavers Animal Stories Anne of Green Gables Aoki Densetsu Shoot! Archie's Weird Mysteries Arthur (Seasons 1-9) Babar Baby Triplets Bakugan Bananas in Pyjamas Barney & Friends Battle B Daman Bear in the Big Blue House Becassine Benjamin the Elephant The Berenstain Bears The Berenstain BearsBeybladeBeyblade V-ForceBibi BlocksbergBilly and BuddyBob the BuilderBratzButt-Ugly MartiansCaillouCaptain PugwashCare Bears Care Bears: Adventures in Care-a-lot CasperCédricCharley and MimmoClifford the Big Red DogClifford's Puppy DaysCode Lyoko CotoonsDigimon Adventure 02, Digimon Frontier and Digimon Tamers (all under the title "Digimon")Donkey Kong CountryDream StreetDuel MastersEngie BenjyThe Fairytaler Fantaghiro Fantastic Four Fifi and the Flowertots Finley The Fire EngineFireman SamFix and FoxiFlipperFootball StoriesFranklinGalactik FootballGarfield and FriendsGeorge Of The JungleGormitiGundam WingHamtaroHarry and His Bucket Full of DinosaursHarveyToons Show He-Man and the Masters of the Universe Heidi, Girl of the AlpsHello KittyHey Arnold! Horseland Hot Wheels Battle Force 5 Huntik Iznogoud Jacques Cousteau's Ocean Tales KipperThe Koala BrothersKung Foot The New Adventures Of Spirou And FantasioThe Little Lulu Show (Seasons 1-2)Little Monsters Legend of The DragonLittle People Little Red Tractor Lucky LukeMacDonald's FarmMaggie and the Ferocious BeastThe Magic KeyMake Way For NoddyThe Adventures Of Marco And GinaMarsupilamiMartin Mystery Mary-Kate and Ashley in ActionMaya the BeeMedabotsMegaman NT WarriorMew Mew PowerMicroscopic MiltonMiffy Miss Spider's Sunny Patch FriendsMr. Men and Little MissMagic Adventures of MumfieMuppet BabiesMy Little Pony My Little Pony Tales The New Adventures of Lucky Luke The New Adventures of Ocean Girl Oggy and the Cockroaches One Piece Papa Beaver's Storytime Papyrus Peter Pan Pimpa Pingu Pippi Longstocking Polly Pocket Polochon Postman Pat Potato Head Kids Power Rangers Ninja Storm Princess Sissi Rainbow Fish Roary the Racing Car Rocket Power Rolie Polie Olie Rubbadubbers Rupert and Rupert Bear, Follow the Magic... Sabrina's Secret Life Sagwa, the Chinese Siamese Cat Sanbarbe le Pirate Sandokan The Adventures of Sidney Fox Silver Surfer Slam Dunk Speed Racer: The Next Generation Spider-Man: The Animated Series Spider-Man: The New Animated Series Strawberry Shortcake Sylvanian Families Tabaluga Team Galaxy Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Thomas the Tank Engin
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circuit%20complexity
In theoretical computer science, circuit complexity is a branch of computational complexity theory in which Boolean functions are classified according to the size or depth of the Boolean circuits that compute them. A related notion is the circuit complexity of a recursive language that is decided by a uniform family of circuits (see below). Proving lower bounds on size of Boolean circuits computing explicit Boolean functions is a popular approach to separating complexity classes. For example, a prominent circuit class P/poly consists of Boolean functions computable by circuits of polynomial size. Proving that would separate P and NP (see below). Complexity classes defined in terms of Boolean circuits include AC0, AC, TC0, NC1, NC, and P/poly. Size and depth A Boolean circuit with input bits is a directed acyclic graph in which every node (usually called gates in this context) is either an input node of in-degree 0 labelled by one of the input bits, an AND gate, an OR gate, or a NOT gate. One of these gates is designated as the output gate. Such a circuit naturally computes a function of its inputs. The size of a circuit is the number of gates it contains and its depth is the maximal length of a path from an input gate to the output gate. There are two major notions of circuit complexity The circuit-size complexity of a Boolean function is the minimal size of any circuit computing . The circuit-depth complexity of a Boolean function is the minimal depth of any circuit computing . These notions generalize when one considers the circuit complexity of any language that contains strings with different bit lengths, especially infinite formal languages. Boolean circuits, however, only allow a fixed number of input bits. Thus, no single Boolean circuit is capable of deciding such a language. To account for this possibility, one considers families of circuits where each accepts inputs of size . Each circuit family will naturally generate the language by circuit outputting when a length string is a member of the family, and otherwise. We say that a family of circuits is size minimal if there is no other family that decides on inputs of any size, , with a circuit of smaller size than (respectively for depth minimal families). Thus, circuit complexity is meaningful even for non-recursive languages. The notion of a uniform family enables variants of circuit complexity to be related to algorithm based complexity measures of recursive languages. However, the non-uniform variant is helpful to find lower bounds on how complex any circuit family must be in order to decide given languages. Hence, the circuit-size complexity of a formal language is defined as the function , that relates a bit length of an input, , to the circuit-size complexity of a minimal circuit that decides whether inputs of that length are in . The circuit-depth complexity is defined similarly. Uniformity Boolean circuits are one of the prime examples of so-called non-uni
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ha%21%20%28TV%20channel%29
Ha!: TV Comedy Network (commonly known as Ha!) was a short-lived American pay television channel owned by Viacom; it was one of the first American all-comedy channels available in basic-tier television offers. Launched on April 1, 1990, at 7 p.m. ET, it competed with another startup comedy-oriented cable channel, HBO-owned The Comedy Channel. In 1991, the two channels merged to form Comedy Central. Background MTV Networks had carved out a niche for itself in the cable programming marketplace throughout the 1980s with its flagship networks MTV and Nickelodeon. Up until that point, there had been only one instance of competition among genres in the cable industry, that of Ted Turner launching a rival to MTV, Cable Music Channel, which ended up being short-lived and Viacom using the channel space for an older-skewing counterpart to MTV, VH1. At the same time though, research constantly encouraged management that a channel strictly dedicated to comedy programming would be profitable, motivating MTV to forge ahead with plans for a comedy channel. When HBO announced the launch of The Comedy Channel, MTV Networks retaliated by announcing the debut of its own rival channel, Ha! Programming Unlike The Comedy Channel, which focused on stand-up comedy specials and clips of classic comedy feature films, Ha!'s programming centered largely on acquired off-network situation comedies from the 1950s to the 1970s. Some cable providers, particularly those owned by Viacom or Cablevision, carried the channel under a channel-share agreement in which it would be aired on the same channel space as fellow Viacom-owned cable network VH1; Ha! would air for half of the day, with the channel turning over to VH1 afterward. Programing included Caesar's Hour, in half-hour segments with Sid Caesar intros, The Steve Allen Show, also edited to a half-hour format with 1990 reflections taped by Allen, You Bet Your Life, The Jack Benny Program, the 1960–67 CBS network prime time version of Candid Camera, The Phil Silvers Show, and Car 54, Where Are You?. The channel name was culled by MTV Networks from a list of 400 possible suggestions by branding agency Fred/Alan, Inc., New York, whose creative team created the logo, branding, advertising, and was the primary consultant on the on-air promotion. As with other channels owned by MTV Networks, the logo was designed in an approach that gave it many variations, each with a different illustrative approach. Towards the end of 1990, with costs on both sides of the competitive equation struggling to meet the limited needs of cable systems' even limited capacity, HBO and Viacom agreed to merge their respective comedy channels. Ha! and Comedy Channel combined to create CTV: The Comedy Network, which began airing on April 1, 1991; prior to the merger, both channels each had fewer than 10 million subscribers. Because of confusion and possible legal issues with the Canadian-based CTV network, the name of the network was subsequently chang
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitewashing%20%28censorship%29
Whitewashing is the act of glossing over or covering up vices, crimes or scandals or exonerating by means of a perfunctory investigation or biased presentation of data with the intention to improve one's reputation. Etymology The first known use of the term is from 1591 in England. Whitewash is a cheap white paint or coating of chalked lime that was used to quickly give a uniform clean appearance to a wide variety of surfaces, such as the interior of a barn. Usage In 1800, in the United States, the word was used in a political context, when a Philadelphia Aurora editorial said that "if you do not whitewash President Adams speedily, the Democrats, like swarms of flies, will bespatter him all over, and make you both as speckled as a dirty wall, and as black as the devil." In the 20th century, many dictatorships, authoritarian and totalitarian states used whitewashing in order to glorify the results of war. For instance, during the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia following the Prague Spring of 1968, the Press Group of Soviet Journalists released a collection of "facts, documents, press reports and eye-witness accounts." Western journalists promptly nicknamed it "The White Book", both for its white cover and its attempts to whitewash the invasion by creating the impression that the Warsaw Pact countries had the right and duty to invade. In the study of reputation systems by means of algorithmic game theory, whitewashing refers to the abandonment of a tarnished identity and creation of a blank one, which is more widely known in internet slang as sockpuppeting. Some critics have accused Michelle Alexander's The New Jim Crow of being whitewashed due to the bias of its conceptual framework. It omits pertinent African American people and history, as well as politically radical ideas in favor of a more conventional and mainstream perspective. According to the Eastern Europe and Central Asia desk director for the International Federation for Human Rights, Ilya Nuzov, Russia is trying to whitewash the country's repressive Stalinist past. On August 30, 2021, Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov said that the "attacks" on the Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin are part of attacks on Russia's past and the results of World War II. Russian politician and former deputy of the State Duma said that Lavrov "made an attempt to whitewash Stalin, which clearly, during the period of repressive measures carried out by the authorities, showed the kinship of the authorities with the Communist Party of the Russian Federation – the same Stalin admirers." Russian literary critic and culturologist noted that "the whitewashing of domestic ghouls only indicates that the current rulers feel a spiritual kinship with them." See also Greenwashing Pinkwashing (breast cancer) Purplewashing Redwashing Reputation laundering Setting up to fail Sportswashing The Commissar Vanishes References External links The Commissar Vanishes - the whitewashes by Stalin. 16th-century
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyberposium
HBS Tech Conference (Formally named "Cyberposium") is the largest MBA technology and media conference in the world. Held at Harvard Business School since 1992, the conference draws some 1,300 attendees from the tech industry as well as from the VC and startup communities. Held on the campus of HBS, the Tech Conference is the primary campus event of Harvard Business School's Tech Club. The 2017 conference was held on Saturday, September 16, 2017, on the school's campus in Boston. History External links Tech Conference HBS Website Tech Club at Harvard Business School Harvard University Technology conferences
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfgang%20Nebel
Wolfgang Nebel (born 15 November 1956) is a German computer scientist and professor for integrated circuit design at the computer science (Informatik) department of the Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg. Biography Nebel holds a Dipl.-Ing. degree in Electrical Engineering from the Leibniz University Hannover and a Dr.-Ing. degree from the Computer Science Department of the University of Kaiserslautern, where he has worked for Reiner Hartenstein. In 1987 Nebel joined Philips Semiconductors, Hamburg, and worked as software engineer, CAD project manager and finally became CAD software development manager. In 1993 he was appointed to the professorship VLSI design at the department of computer science at the Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg. From 1996 to 1998 he served as dean of his department. Additionally since 1998 Nebel has been a member of the executive board of the OFFIS research center, an institute for information technology which is associated with Oldenburg University. From January 2001 December 2002 Nebel served as vice-president of Oldenburg University. Since June 2005 he has been chairman of the OFFIS – Institute for Information Technology. Nebel is co-founder, chairman and CTA of ChipVision Design Systems AG, an EDA start-up company located in Oldenburg, San Ramon, San Jose and Munich. Nebel is and has been involved in several international conferences as program chair or a general chair. He is also active in several additional program committees and professional organizations. His research interest are in methodologies and tools for embedded system design, in particular: object oriented HW/SW specification and synthesis as well as design for low power. References 1956 births Living people German computer scientists University of Hanover alumni Technical University of Kaiserslautern alumni Academic staff of the University of Oldenburg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motormouth
Motormouth was a Saturday morning children's television series that was produced by TVS and broadcast across the ITV network for four series, running between 3 September 1988 and 4 April 1992. Each series generally ran from the autumn of one year to the spring of the next, as was common among many 'main' Saturday morning series. The programme was launched following the decision to axe No. 73, which had run in the same slot until early 1988. No. 73 had been revamped during its final series as 7T3, with a partially exterior set. However, the new 7T3 set-up was expensive and difficult to produce, and so it was decided to switch to a fully studio-based set-up. The new show was produced at the same studio complex (The Maidstone Studios) as its predecessor, and many of the production team (and several presenters) transferred to the new show. Whereas No. 73 had included an inherent narrative storyline, the decision was taken that Motormouth would have a straightforward magazine presentation format. The studio set for the first series was dominated by several giant inflatable elements, including a giant motorised mouth, from which the show took its name. In the second series, billed in some cases as Motormouth II or Motormouth 2, there were changes, including the introduction of new graphics and set elements based on cogs and sprockets. The use of the giant mouth declined following this alteration. The show's third series - which boasted new graphics and remixed theme music, and was for a brief time billed as All New Motormouth - also had a new, predominantly white set; the giant mouth was removed altogether at this point, along with all other remaining inflatables. This series saw the introduction of a diner-style set (sometimes referred to as 'The Motormouth Cafe') which saw guests and audience members sitting at tables. This format and styling was left largely intact for the fourth series. Presenters The first series was presented by a five-strong lineup of hosts, two of whom had previously appeared on No. 73. Neil Buchanan and Andrea Arnold were joined by new recruits Caroline Hanson, Tony Gregory and Julian Ballantyne. For the second series, Andrea Arnold ceased to be a main presenter and instead filed location reports from sites around the world which were broadcast into the programme. Hanson and Ballantyne departed the programme, replaced by Gaby Roslin and Steve Johnson. Buchanan and Gregory remained. Generally Buchanan, Gregory and Roslin would present the studio elements with Johnson hosting the gameshow inserts It's Torture, Gunge 'em in the Dungeon and Mouse Trap (based upon the board game of the same name). By the third series, Andrea Arnold had left the programme entirely, with Tony Gregory also departing, replaced by former Children's BBC presenter Andy Crane. Crane, Buchanan, Roslin and Johnson remained as presenters until the end of the show's run. Fictional elements The first series' episodes included Spin-off, a soap opera paro
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mat%20Mania%20%E2%80%93%20The%20Prowrestling%20Network
Mat Mania – The Prowrestling Network, known in Japan as , or simply either as Mat Mania or , is a Japanese pro wrestling-themed arcade video game developed by Technōs Japan and published by Taito in 1985. It is a spiritual successor to the 1983 arcade game Tag-Team Wrestling, also developed by Technōs Japan, but published by Data East. The arcade game was a commercial success in Japan and North America, becoming the highest-grossing arcade conversion kit of 1986 in the United States. An updated arcade version with a two-player competitive mode was released in 1986 as Mania Challenge. Atari Corporation published an Atari 7800 port in 1990 which includes features of both games and lacks others. Mat Mania was re-released for the PlayStation 4 as part of the Arcade Archives collection in 2015 and the Nintendo Switch in 2019. Gameplay The game is presented in the guise of a televised pro-wrestling broadcast, the Taito Wrestling Association (TWA) (Technos Wrestling Association in the Japanese version). The intro sequence and subsequent intermissions portray a disheveled pro-wrestling host, Cory (Nari in the Japanese version). His hair is unkempt and his sleeves rolled up as he manically announces the particulars of the upcoming bout. The player controls a wrestler who makes his way through the ranks of the TWA, challenging various thematically colorful opponents, before finally challenging the champion in the fifth match. Upon ascending to the championship, the player is presented with a championship belt in a presentation ceremony. The player must then defend his title against the previous five opponents, drawn at random. Characters The Player/Dynamite Tommy The player-controlled wrestler was possibly modeled after The Dynamite Kid. Called simply "You" in Exciting Hour and Mat Mania, he is dubbed Dynamite Tommy (the Dynamite Kid's real name is Tom Billington) in Mania Challenge. However, there are signs held up in the crowd which read Fight Tommy and Tommy great, and since all the challengers have a name, the name Tommy only could refer to the unnamed player's character. He sports shaggy brown hair and wears blue trunks and white boots. His assortment of manoeuvres include: a punch and a high kick, and a shoulder block from a standing position; from a headlock, an Irish whip, a body slam, a piledriver, and a vertical suplex; upon a running opponent, a back body drop, an elbow smash, a clothesline or a jumping back kick; upon a downed opponent, a running body splash, or, from a turnbuckle, a sunset flip or a knee drop. The player-controlled wrestler is fashioned after common "babyface" performers of the era. Insane Warrior Misspelt "Insane Worrier" in Exciting Hour. He is fashioned after fanciful, dystopian punk/barbarian themed performers popular during the 80s (most notably Road Warrior Animal). Characteristically, he sports a Mohawk hairstyle, loose-fitting black trousers and heavy make-up. Accordingly, his maneuvers are limited to unskilled
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain%20%28novel%29
Brain is a medical thriller written by Robin Cook. It describes how a future generation of computers will work hard-wired to human brains. Plot The story starts with a girl Katherine Collins going to a private clinic for a pap smear but these people anesthetize her and steal her brain for a secret military project. She is placed in a vat of liquid and her brain is connected to a computer. The same thing happens to other patients too. The protagonist Dr. Martin Philips, a doctor in neuroradiology at the NYC medical center is involved in creating a self-diagnostic x-ray machine, along with William Michaels, who is a researcher graduating from MIT and also head of the department of artificial intelligence. Dr. Philips's girlfriend and colleague Dr. Denise Sanger (28 years old) is also involved in the same hospital. Philips and Sanger both find a secret conspiracy in the hospital to steal patients' brains without their consent. They uncover details and find that though they'd suspected Mannerheim, the prima donna neurosurgeon, the real villain is the soft-spoken AI researcher Michaels and his military backers. Dr. Philips blows the whistle and seeks political asylum in Sweden. References 1980 American novels Novels by Robin Cook American thriller novels Medicine and health in fiction
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sierra%20Print%20Artist
Sierra Print Artist is a computer program from Sierra Home (part of Sierra Entertainment, which is owned by Vivendi SA). The software allows the user to make cards, calendars, stationery and other assorted crafts and then print them with their printer. The current version is 25. History The program was originally developed by Pixellite Group in the early 90s. The DOS version was written by Christopher Schardt. The original Windows version was written by Mr. Schardt, and Ferdinand G. Rios and Tracy Elmore of SAPIEN Technologies, Inc. Vince Mills handled later versions. The program was first published in 1992 under the name Instant Artist by Autodesk. After half a year or so, Autodesk decided to abolish its consumer products division. Maxis then published the program under the name Print Artist. In 1995, Sierra On-Line purchased Pixellite Group and the rights to the software and it became known as Sierra Print Artist. It was published under Sierra's "Sierra Home" label and continues to be today despite several purchases and mergers of Sierra On-Line beginning in 1996. The underlying vector-graphics/font-effects technology was developed by Dane Bigham and Christopher Schardt. It was first used in Banner Mania, published by Brøderbund, also written by Christopher Schardt. Steve Hales wrote the Macintosh version of BannerMania. Marty Kahn (the author of the original Print Shop) wrote the Apple II version. The technology also found its way into what would eventually become the WordArt add-in for Microsoft Word. A popular feature of the program was the Graphics Grabber, developed by Vince Mills, which enabled the program to handle a catalog of thousands of vector and bitmap graphics, organized by keywords. Sierra Home also publishes Hallmark Cards-licensed versions of the program as Hallmark Scrapbook Studio Deluxe and Hallmark Holiday Card Studio. Trivia Prior to the mergers and purchases in 1996 and beyond, Sierra On-Line often inserted photographs of their own products in the folder which contained assorted JPEG images for use with the software. For example, version 4.0 contained photos from Shivers and CyberGladiators. References External links Official Sierra Print Artist website Computer-related introductions in 1992 Desktop publishing software Sierra Entertainment Windows graphics-related software
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lib%20Sh
Sh was an early metaprogramming language for programmable GPUs. It offered a general-purpose programming language, following a stream-processing model. Programs written in Sh could either run on CPUs or GPUs, obviating the need to write programs in a mix of two programming languages as was the case with earlier GPU programming systems such as Cg or HLSL. As of August 2006, it is no longer maintained. RapidMind Inc. was formed to commercialize the research behind Sh. RapidMind was then bought by Intel and ceased Sh development as well. See also BrookGPU CUDA Close to Metal OpenCL RapidMind References External links GPGPU GPGPU libraries
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ESPN%20Hollywood
ESPN Hollywood is a television program that aired on ESPN2 in 2005. The daily 30-minute show was centered on the convergence between the sports and entertainment worlds, and was a part of the network's ESPN Original Entertainment (eoe) programming effort, which was intended to spread the network's viewership beyond the regular or hardcore sports fan. The program premiered on August 15, 2005 to a dismal rating of 0.08% of United States households with cable televisions, about 75,000 people. The show, described by the New York Daily News as "a sports version of Entertainment Tonight or Access Hollywood", was hosted by Mario Lopez and Thea Andrews. A typical show would include news of athletes appearing in movies, on television, and in commercials, coverage of movie premieres, and interviews with athletes and entertainers. The show's launch was controversial; promotional advertisements featured photos of baseball player Derek Jeter with a woman whose face was not shown. A spokesman for Jeter's employer, the New York Yankees, objected to the ad, saying "In the ad they insinuate they are out with Jeter, with his permission, or they are following him. Give me a break. Neither is true." ESPN realized that the show would be risky; if sports figures were angered by their coverage on ESPN Hollywood they might refuse to participate in interviews on other ESPN programs. The final episode was broadcast on January 26, 2006. An ESPN executive vice president later remarked that the premise of the show was unworkable, saying "I think fans want information about athletes in the context of sports coverage." ESPN Hollywood continued as a segment on Cold Pizza, also on ESPN2, until early 2006. Both hosts have since moved on to general entertainment news programs in syndication, as Lopez is the current host of Extra, while Andrews now hosts Access Hollywood Live. References Hollywood 2005 American television series debuts 2005 American television series endings Entertainment news shows in the United States
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDC%20160%20series
The CDC 160 series was a series of minicomputers built by Control Data Corporation. The CDC 160 and CDC 160-A were 12-bit minicomputers built from 1960 to 1965; the CDC 160G was a 13-bit minicomputer, with an extended version of the CDC 160-A instruction set, and a compatibility mode in which it did not use the 13th bit. The 160 was designed by Seymour Cray - reportedly over a long three-day weekend. It fit into the desk where its operator sat. The 160 architecture uses ones' complement arithmetic with end-around carry. NCR joint-marketed the 160-A under its own name for several years in the 1960s. Overview A publishing company that purchased a CDC 160-A described it as "a single user machine with no batch processing capability. Programmers and/or users would go to the computer room, sit at the console, load the paper tape bootstrap and start up a program." The CDC 160-A was a simple piece of hardware, and yet provided a variety of features which were scaled-down capabilities found only on larger systems. It was therefore an ideal platform for introducing neophyte programmers to the sophisticated concepts of low-level input/output (I/O) and interrupt systems. All 160 systems had a paper-tape reader, and a punch, and most had an IBM Electric typewriter modified to act as a computer terminal. Memory on the 160 was 4096 12-bit words. The CPU had a 12-bit ones' complement accumulator but no multiply or divide. There was a full complement of instructions and several addressing modes. Indirect addressing was almost as good as index registers. The instruction set supported both relative (to the current P register) and absolute. The original instruction set did not have a subroutine call instruction and could only address one bank of memory. In the 160-A model, a "return jump" and a memory bank-switch instruction was added. Return-jump allowed simple subroutine calls and bank switching allowed other 4K banks of memory to be addressed, albeit clumsily, up to a total of 32,768 words. The extra memory was expensive and had to live in a separate box as large as the 160 itself. The 160-A model could also accept a multiply/divide unit, which was another large and expensive peripheral box. In the 160 and 160-A, the memory cycle time was 6.4 microseconds. An add took two cycles. The average instruction took 15 microseconds, for a processing rate of 67,000 instructions per second. The 160G model extended the registers and memory words to 13 bits; in G mode, all 13 bits were used, while in A mode, only the lower 12 bits were used, for binary compatibility with the 160-A. The 160G added some instructions, including built-in multiply and divide instructions, and some additional addressing modes. Low-level I/O allowed control of devices, interfacing for determining device status, and for reading and writing data as either single bytes, or as blocks. I/O could be completed to a register, or to memory, or via a direct memory access (DMA) channel.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City%20Hunters
City Hunters is an animated TV series developed in Argentina that premiered throughout Latin America in October 2006 on the Fox network. The series, which blends traditional animation techniques with the latest generation of CGI, consists of nine 11-minute episodes. City Hunters is a form of branded entertainment. It was co-produced by Unilever for the AXE brand. The animated series follows the antics of an aging Casanova, Dr. Lynch, and the young man he's training in the art of seducing women. The series was created by Catmandu Branded Entertainment, a branded entertainment firm headquartered in Buenos Aires, Argentina and produced by Encuadre. The characters were developed by Italian illustrator Milo Manara and aired in English. City Hunters airs on Fox Latin America's adult-skewed block "No Molestar" (Spanish-speaking countries; in Brazil, "Não Perturbe", both meaning "Do Not Disturb"), which includes Futurama, The Simpsons, Family Guy, and American Dad!. The first episode was supervised by Carlos Baeza and most of the episodes were directed by Gustavo Cova and Diego Pernia & Victor Ahmed. List of episodes "Mahatma Dandy" "Mutiny" "Who's Your Momma" "Wingman" "Simultaneous Matches" "Count Lynch" "Sextopia" "Final Fantasy" "The Phantom Menace" Sources Advertising Age, October 9, 2006, Issue article on Variety.com Fox article on City Hunters link is 404 External links 2006 Argentine television series debuts 2006 Argentine television series endings 2000s Argentine television series Argentine adult animated drama television series Fox Broadcasting Company original programming Television series by 20th Century Fox Television
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FACTNet
FACTnet, also known as Fight Against Coercive Tactics Network, co-founded by Robert Penny and Lawrence Wollersheim, was a Colorado-based anti-cult organization with the stated aim of educating and facilitating communication about destructive mind control. Coercive tactics, or coercive psychological systems, are defined on their website as "unethical mind control such as brainwashing, thought reform, destructive persuasion and coercive persuasion". The organization was involved in litigation with the Church of Scientology involving the right to free speech and assertions of copyright. History Co-founded by Robert Penny and Lawrence Wollersheim in 1993, FACTnet is an acronym that means Fight Against Coercive Tactics Network. The organization has been variously capitalized as F.A.C.T.Net, FACTNet, FACTnet, and Factnet. In 2008, FACTnet expanded its mission beyond Scientology topics to include abuses by other religions or cults, and in 2013 was expanded to include content related to sustainable living, climate change, Big Brother and Big Data, and human rights issues, as well as creating several offshoot websites for some of those. In 2014, FACTnet announced they would be closing their online forum for Scientology issues due to ongoing hacking issues and the emergence of several alternative websites able to take its place. At the end of 2016, the factnet.org website was disabled and the domain forwarded to another (factnetglobal.org), representing their move away from covering cult topics. Conflict with Church of Scientology In 1995, FACTnet was featured in the news due to a lawsuit regarding the seizure of FACTnet servers and files by the Religious Technology Center (RTC), a sub-organization of the Church of Scientology created to oversee the protection of its trademarks and copyrights. In August 1995, RTC lawyers went to a Denver judge alleging copyright infringement and illegal use of Scientology documents by FACTnet. A raid of two directors' homes was conducted on August 21, 1995, by two U.S. marshals and six RTC representatives, with the actual search for incriminating documents conducted by the RTC alone. Witnesses of the searches testified that the marshals allowed the RTC representatives to go far beyond the scope of the order in their search for information. The marshals also failed to search the representatives before or after the search, making it possible for them to plant evidence or carry off discs and other documents containing critical information. FACTnet immediately accused the Church of Scientology of attempting to silence their voice by stealing and contaminating information vital to their continued disputes and lawsuits against the Church. The raids provoked debate both on the internet and in university settings, with university protesters in Denver, Colorado, holding signs that read: "Hands Off the Internet" and "Scientology Harasses Critics", while counter-protesters at the Boulder County Courthouse carried signs such a
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imogen%20%28video%20game%29
Imogen is a computer game released in 1986 for the BBC Micro. It was written by Michael St Aubyn and published by Micro Power. It was reissued as the lead game of Superior Software / Acornsoft's Play It Again Sam 5 compilation in 1988 when it was also converted for the Acorn Electron. It is a platform game featuring puzzles. Gameplay The player takes the role of a wizard named Imogen who, according to the backstory, lost his mind and forgot his identity as a result of transforming himself into a dragon to save his town from another dragon. He is placed into a dungeon within a mountain and in order to escape he must use magic and puzzle-solving abilities. He will only be able to free himself once he is back to his old, sane self and no longer a danger to the townsfolk. The game features sixteen levels, which are played in a random order. To complete a level, Imogen needs to obtain a spell fragment which will warp him to the next level or, after all sixteen have been collected and the spell completed, to the outside world, thus completing the game. The spell fragments are always placed somewhere inaccessible at the outset of the level, and obtaining the spell fragments requires some lateral thinking by the player. Imogen himself is able to transform into three different forms, each with an ability unavailable to the other two: His natural form as a human wizard, which can use various objects he picks up along the way (which are as varied as a revolver, watering can and tulip bulb.) A cat, which can leap long distances A monkey, which can climb ropes A bird, which can fly (available only in one particular level) Each level (consisting of a sealed cavern four screens in size) requires transforming back and forth between the forms to complete it. While it is impossible for the player to actually die during the game, the number of transformations is limited to 150, and using them all before the game is complete renders it unwinnable. Imogen has cartoon-style graphics, with many of the non-player characters being cute versions of animals like rabbits, monkeys, parrots and frogs. One recurring character is a baby-like imp who impedes the progress of the player and is usually dispatched in a terminal way. External links Micro Power at bbcmicrogames.com Windows port, 2003 Atari port, 2019 References Imogen BBC Micro and Acorn Electron games BBC Micro and Acorn Electron-only games Platformers Puzzle video games Superior Software games Video games about birds Video games about cats Video games about primates Video games about shapeshifting Video games about witchcraft Video games developed in the United Kingdom Windows games Micro Power games
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Ungar
David Michael Ungar, an American computer scientist, co-created the Self programming language with Randall Smith. The Self development environment's animated user experience was described in the paper Animation: From Cartoons to the User Interface co-written with Bay-Wei Chang, which won a lasting impact award at the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology 2004. Ungar graduated as a doctor of philosophy in computer science from the University of California, Berkeley, in 1985. His doctoral advisor was David Patterson and his dissertation was entitled The Design and Evaluation of a High-Performance Smalltalk System; it won the 1986 ACM Doctoral Dissertation Award. He was an assistant professor at Stanford University, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Computer Systems Lab, where he taught programming languages and computer architecture, from 1985 to 1990. In 1991, he joined Sun Microsystems and became a distinguished engineer. In 2006 he was recognized as a Distinguished Engineer by the Association for Computing Machinery and in 2010 a Fellow. In 2007, he joined IBM Research, where he is currently a member of the Dynamic Optimization Group. Ungar holds 20 US patents. In 2006 the 1987 Self paper, coauthored by Ungar and Randall B. Smith, was selected as one of the three most influential OOPSLA papers presented between 1986 and 1996. Self was also one influence on the design of the JavaScript programming language. Ungar's 1984 paper, Generation Scavenging: A Non-disruptive High Performance Storage Reclamation Algorithm, which introduced generational garbage collection, won a Retrospective ACM SIGSOFT Impact Paper Award in 2008. Dave Ungar was awarded the Dahl-Nygaard Senior Prize in 2009. Major publications Extending Swift Value(s) to the Server, David Ungar and Robert Dickerson, O'Reilly, 2016. The History of Self, David Ungar, Randall B. Smith. ACM HOPL-III, 2007. Proc. of the Third ACM SIGPLAN History of Programming Languages Conference (HOPL-III), B. Ryder, B, Hailpern (Eds.), San Diego, California, USA, 9–10 June 2007. Paper and video at . Reconciling Responsiveness with Performance in Pure Object-Oriented Languages, Urs Hölzle and David Ungar. TOPLAS 18, 4 (July 1996). Programming as an Experience: The Inspiration for Self, R. Smith & D. Ungar, invited paper, ECOOP’95. Animation: From Cartoons to the User Interface, Bay-Wei Chang and David Ungar, UIST 1993 Self: The Power of Simplicity, Randall B. Smith and David Ungar, OOPSLA, October, 1987 Generation Scavenging: A non-disruptive high performance storage reclamation algorithm., David Ungar, 1984 Selected patents Perceptual-based color selection for text highlighting. (Jan. 11, 2005) Method and apparatus for increasing scavenging garbage collection effectiveness - (Jan 20, 2004) Method and apparatus for testing a process in a computer system - (Jul 15, 2003) Method and apparatus for finding bugs related to garbage collection in a virtual machine - (Dec 4, 20
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ERT%20World%20%28Canada%29
ERT World is a Canadian exempt Category B Greek language specialty channel and is owned by Odyssey Television Network. It broadcasts programming from ERT World and local Canadian content produced by Odyssey TV. It launched in November 2001 on Rogers Cable. Programming on ERT World Canada includes news, talk shows, documentaries, sports, cultural programs and more. ERT World is the international service of ERT, Greece's public broadcaster. ERT World is also unofficially referred to as OTN2. History ERT World Canada was licensed by the CRTC on December 14, 2000, as Odyssey II. Since its inception in 2001 up until 2003, Odyssey II (as it was then known) featured programming from Greece's top private network - MEGA Channel. In the summer of 2003, a dispute arose between Odyssey Television Network and the North American distributors of MEGA Channel and the programming was subsequently pulled. A short while later, OTN2 began airing programming from ERT World which subsequently led to the channel being renamed ERT World Canada. In June 2013, ERT World was shut down in Greece by the Greek government due to a restructuring of the Hellenic Broadcasting Corporation. The government had announced that a new, smaller public broadcaster would launch in early 2014 and it would feature an international feed for Greeks abroad. Due to continued political instability in Greece and several changes in government, the public broadcasting service has gone through significant turmoil. Due to the loss of programming, ERT World Canada has been airing programming from Greek Cinema since the shut down of ERT World, on a temporary basis. On July 30, 2013, Rogers Cable replaced ERT World Canada in their lineup with Alpha Sat, a private network from Greece. On August 30, 2013, the CRTC approved Odyssey Television Network's request to convert ERT World Canada from a licensed Category B speciality service to an exempted Cat. B third language service. On March 14, 2017, ERT World Canada resumed airing programming from ERT World in Greece, albeit on a part-time basis. The channel resumed airing ERT World programming on a full-time basis in April 2017. Notable shows A list of notable shows that air on ERT World Canada, as of October 2022: Synthesis - current affairs program, airs Monday - Friday Kane Oti Koimase - crime drama, airs Mondays Ta Kalitera Mas Xronia - comedy, airs Tuesdays Xaireta Mou Ton Platano - comedy, airs Monday - Friday Athlitiki Kyriaki - Sports news & highlights, airs Sundays Basket League - LIVE Greek Basket League matches, airs Sundays Theia Leitourgia - Sunday Mass, airs Sundays References External links Digital cable television networks in Canada Greek-Canadian culture Multicultural and ethnic television in Canada Television channels and stations established in 2001 Greek-language television stations Canada–Greece relations
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MASH-1
For a cryptographic hash function (a mathematical algorithm), a MASH-1 (Modular Arithmetic Secure Hash) is a hash function based on modular arithmetic. History Despite many proposals, few hash functions based on modular arithmetic have withstood attack, and most that have tend to be relatively inefficient. MASH-1 evolved from a long line of related proposals successively broken and repaired. Standard Committee Draft ISO/IEC 10118-4 (Nov 95) Description MASH-1 involves use of an RSA-like modulus , whose bitlength affects the security. is a product of two prime numbers and should be difficult to factor, and for of unknown factorization, the security is based in part on the difficulty of extracting modular roots. Let be the length of a message block in bit. is chosen to have a binary representation a few bits longer than , typically . The message is padded by appending the message length and is separated into blocks of length . From each of these blocks , an enlarged block of length is created by placing four bits from in the lower half of each byte and four bits of value 1 in the higher half. These blocks are processed iteratively by a compression function: Where and . denotes the bitwise OR and the bitwise XOR. From are now calculated more data blocks by linear operations (where denotes concatenation): These data blocks are now enlarged to like above, and with these the compression process continues with eight more steps: Finally the hash value is , where is a prime number with . MASH-2 There is a newer version of the algorithm called MASH-2 with a different exponent. The original is replaced by . This is the only difference between these versions. References A. Menezes, P. van Oorschot, S. Vanstone, Handbook of Applied Cryptography, Cryptographic hash functions
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House%20vs.%20God
"House vs. God" is the nineteenth episode of the second season of House, which premiered on the Fox network on April 25, 2006. Plot Boyd, a young faith healer, is giving a service in a church and "heals" a woman, allowing her to walk. However, when Boyd is leading the congregation in song, he has spasms and collapses. When House shows up at work, Wilson approaches him and voices his displeasure of not being invited to House's weekly poker game. Meanwhile, Cameron and Foreman are administering tests when Boyd claims to talk to God about Cameron's feud with Foreman. Cameron and Foreman are shocked, but House is skeptical of every claim of divinity. The tests show low sodium and diluted urine. However, when House goes to talk to Boyd, he notices that he has been drinking water from a previously opened bottle, refilled several times an hour. House meets with Wilson and discusses his patient while Wilson is meeting with a cancer patient named Grace Palmieri. However, Boyd suddenly wakes up and starts wandering the halls, singing Go Tell It on the Mountain. Boyd sees Palmieri, senses that she is sick, and lays his hands on her, performing a "healing." Palmieri is shocked, but Chase catches up with Boyd and takes him back to his room. House and his team are discussing Boyd's symptoms when Wilson barges in and tells the group that Palmieri feels better than before, and House suspects that Boyd is talking to Palmieri. House notices an abnormal growth called Tuberous Sclerosis, and claims that it is what is causing all of Boyd's symptoms. Boyd consents to the tubular sclerosis tests after talking to Wilson. Boyd, who seems to have a strange omniscient mind, convinces House to invite Wilson to his poker game. Wilson visits House at home and informs him that Palmieri's tumor has actually shrunk. House orders Chase to search Palmieri's house while House, Wilson, and some unnamed people are playing poker. Chase finds clothes that would suggest that Palmieri has a boyfriend, and gets very concerned after he hears noises outside the door. Via phone, House assures Chase that the boyfriend will not come home, while glaring at Wilson across the poker table. House reasoned that Boyd must have learned of the poker game from Palmieri, and Palmieri from Wilson. House then accuses Wilson of having slept with Palmieri and moved in with her. Wilson, after demanding House tell the rest of the poker party that his name is not Wilson, storms out. They have a short, angry conversation outside. Back at the hospital, Boyd begins to run a fever. House concludes that the Tuberous Sclerosis cannot be causing this, and that a lumbar puncture is needed. However, Boyd refuses any more of "man's medicine", preferring to leave his life "in God's hands." House believes that Boyd has a herpes virus that was acquired through sex, and transmitted to Palmieri when he touched her. Boyd refuses to strip to reveal a rash on his lower back until his father, putting faith in medicine whe
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxim%20Wireless
Proxim Wireless Corporation is a San Jose, California-based company that builds scalable broadband wireless networking systems for communities, enterprises, governments, and service providers. It offers wireless LAN, point-to-multipoint and point-to-point products through a channel network. The company is a product of many mergers and acquisitions over the years. History Proxim Corporation was founded in 1984, initially headquartered in Mountain View, California. Starting in 1989, it began to develop radio frequency modules using spread spectrum technology. Its first commercial product in 1990 used 900 MHz frequency bands. End-user products called RangeLAN were introduced in 1991 and 1992, reflecting their use as network interface controllers for local area networks (LANs). The first adapter using the Industry Standard Architecture bus and supported Novell NetWare. An initial public offering (IPO) on December 15, 1993 listed the company shares on NASDAQ under symbol PROX. In 1994 the RangLAN2 products starting using 2.4 GHz bands, and in 1995 the RangeLINK product line was introduced. Proxim was a founding member of the Wireless LAN Interoperability Forum in May 1996 to help interoperability between its RangeLAN2 and other wireless technologies. A secondary offering expected to raise an estimated $95 million in June 1996 was delayed and reduced to about $41 million by late July 1996. A product line called Symphony was introduced in 1998. Proxim was also a core member of the HomeRF Working Group, formed in 1997. The group disbanded at the end of 2002. In January 2000, Proxim announced it had acquired privately held Micrilor of Wakefield, Massachusetts a year earlier. In January 2001 Proxim (then headquartered in Sunnyvale, California) announced it would acquire Netopia Incorporated (listed as symbol NTPA) for approximately $223 million in stock. However, that merger fell apart after Intel announced it would stop developing HomeRF technology in March 2001. Western Multiplex Western Multiplex Corporation had acquired Ubiquity Communication on March 24, 2000, near the end of the dot-com bubble. Western Multiplex, founded in 1979 in Sunnyvale and acquired in 1995 by Glenayre Technologies, had their IPO on July 31, 2000, as it was listed on NASDAQ under symbol WMUX, raising about $90 million. In addition to the Ubiquity product line, Western had lines called Tsunami and Lynx product lines. In March 2001, Western Multiplex acquired privately held WirelessHome Corporation which had been based in Long Beach, California since 1998. In February 2002, Proxim proposed to acquire Western Multiplex and continue to use the stock symbol PROX. The transaction was estimated at a value over $200 million. At the time, Jonathan N. Zakin led Western Multiplex and Davic C. King led Proxim. The merger was approved on March 26, 2002. Later in 2002, Proxim acquired the Orinoco brand of wireless products of Agere Systems group after it spun off from Lucent. After it
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MICAD
The Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database or MICAD is a freely accessible online source of information on in vivo molecular imaging agents. It was established as a key component of the "Molecular Libraries and Imaging" program of the NIH Roadmap, a set of major inter-agency initiatives accelerating medical research and the development of new, more specific therapies for a wide range of diseases. Content MICAD includes agents developed for imaging modalities such as positron emission tomography (PET), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound, computed tomography, optical imaging, and planar gamma imaging. It contains textual information, references, numerous links to MEDLINE and to other relevant resources from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Process MICAD is edited by a team of scientific editors and curators at the National Library of Medicine, NIH. It is being developed under the guidance of a trans-NIH panel of experts in the field. Members of the imaging community are invited to contribute to the MICAD database by writing and submitting entries (chapters) on agents of their choice for online publication. The MICAD staff will work with individual guest authors to prepare the chapters. Interested members of the imaging community should contact the MICAD staff at micad@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. References Online databases Medical imaging Molecular biology
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network%20of%20European%20Worldshops
The Network of European Worldshops (NEWS!) was established in 1994 and coordinates the cooperation between Worldshops in Europe. It is a network of national associations of Worldshops representing 2,500 shops in 13 member countries: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. NEWS! initiates and coordinates joint campaigns and awareness raising activities of the European Worldshops (such as the annual European Worldshops Day in May) and supports the professionalisation of national associations of Worldshops. The aim of NEWS! is the promotion of fair trade in general and the development of the Worldshops movement in particular. Worldshops sell fair trade products and organize various educational exhibits, programmes and campaigns to promote fairer trade practices. Worldshops cooperate on local, regional, national, and international levels, supported by their National Associations. NEWS! ceased to exist in its original form in October 2008. It is currently part of the European chapter of the World Fair Trade Organization: WFTO-Europe. References Fair trade organizations Organizations established in 1994
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trillium%20Model
The Trillium Model, created by a collaborative team from Bell Canada, Northern Telecom and Bell Northern Research (Northern Telecom and Bell Northern Research later merged into Nortel Networks) combines requirements from the ISO 9000 series, the Capability Maturity Model (CMM) for software, and the Baldrige Criteria for Performance Excellence, with software quality standards from the IEEE. Trillium has a telecommunications orientation and provides customer focus. The practices in the Trillium Model are derived from a benchmarking exercise which focused on all practices that would contribute to an organization's product development and support capability. The Trillium Model covers all aspects of the software development life-cycle, most system and product development and support activities, and a significant number of related marketing activities. Many of the practices described in the model can be applied directly to hardware development. Objectives The Trillium Model has been developed from a customer perspective, as perceived in a competitive, commercial environment. The Model is used in a variety of ways: In benchmarking an organization's product development and support process capability against best practices in the industry, In self-assessment mode, to help identify opportunities for improvement within a product development organization, and In pre-contractual negotiations, to assist in selecting a supplier. This Model and its accompanying tools are not in themselves a product development process or life-cycle model. Rather, the Trillium Model provides key industry best practices which can be used to improve an existing process or life-cycle Scale The Trillium scale spans levels 1 through 5. Levels can be characterized in the following way: Unstructured: The development process is ad hoc. Projects often cannot meet quality or schedule targets. Success, while possible, is based on individuals rather than on organizational infrastructure. (Risk – High) Repeatable and Project Oriented: Individual project success is achieved through strong project management planning and control, with emphasis on requirements management, estimation techniques, and configuration management. (Risk – Medium) Defined and Process Oriented: Processes are defined and used at the organizational level, although project customization is still permitted. Processes are controlled and improved. ISO 9001 requirements such as training and internal process auditing are incorporated. (Risk – Low) Managed and Integrated: Process instrumentation and analysis is used as a key mechanism for process improvement. Process change management and defect prevention programs are integrated into processes. CASE tools are integrated into processes. (Risk – Lower) Fully Integrated: Formal methodologies are extensively used. Organizational repositories for development history and process are used and effective. (Risk – Lowest) Architecture The Trillium Model consists of
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Busman%27s%20Holiday
Busman's Holiday is a British television game show produced by Granada for the ITV network from 26 February 1985 to 28 June 1993. Its hosts over the years were Julian Pettifer (1985–88), Sarah Kennedy (1989–91) and Elton Welsby (1993). Charles Foster was the announcer. Title The phrase "busman's holiday" is defined in the Oxford English Dictionary as a period of holiday or leisure time spent doing something similar to one's normal occupation, first shown to be used in 1893. Format Contestants were divided into competing teams of three based upon career, at first three teams and later in the series just two teams. They were dressed in their regular work clothes. The winning team went on an exotic holiday where they had to work, to learn how their jobs were performed in other locations. The format of the programme consisted of multiple rounds of quizzing: world geography, questions of the other's profession or brain teasers, questions of their own profession—sometimes quite embarrassing, and questions on a final destination—revealing which team had conducted the best research prior to the match. There was also a review of the prior week's winning contestants' holiday. Transmissions References External links Busman's Holiday at BFI 1980s British game shows 1990s British game shows 1985 British television series debuts 1993 British television series endings ITV game shows Television series by ITV Studios Television shows produced by Granada Television English-language television shows
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X%20Factor%20%28Dutch%20TV%20series%29
X Factor was a Dutch television music talent show contested by aspiring pop singers drawn from public auditions. It was shown Friday evenings on the RTL4 Network in the Netherlands. The show aired between 2006 and 2013 and was produced by Blue Circle. The "X Factor" of the title refers to the undefinable "something" that makes for star quality. X Factor replaced the highly successful Idols, which was pulled from television after the third and fourth seasons. In the initial televised audition phase of the show, contestants sang in front of the X Factor judges in the hope of getting through to the "boot camp". After a further selection process, the judges were each given a category to mentor and the chosen finalists then progress to the second phase of the competition in which the public vote on live performances. Judges have included pop singer and television host Gordon Heuckeroth, former Dolly Dots member Angela Groothuizen, Rapper Ali Bouali, and Alto saxophonist Candy Dulfer. The first season of X Factor began in October 2006 and ran to February 2007. It was not as popular as Idols, and was won by Sharon Kips. The second season, running from January to May 2009, was more successful. It was won by Lisa Hordijk. The third season was won by Jaap van Reesema, Rochelle Perts won the fourth season, and the fifth season was won by Haris Alagic. Format The show was primarily concerned with identifying singing talent, through appearance, personality, stage presence and dance routines are also an important element of many performances. The single most important attribute that the judges were seeking, however, was the ability to appeal to a mass market of pop fans. For the first season, the competition was split into three categories: Solo Singers aged 15–25, Solo Singers aged 26 and over, and Vocal Groups (including duos). After the first season, the 15 to 25 category was split into separate male and female sections, making four categories in all: 15–25 males ("Boys"), 15–25 females ("Girls"), Over 26s, and Groups. There were five stages to the X Factor competition: Stage 1: Producers' auditions (these auditions decide who will sing in front of the judges) Stage 2: Judges' auditions Stage 3: X Campus Stage 4: Visits to judges' houses Stage 5: Live shows (finals) Season summary To date, five seasons have been broadcast, as summarised below. Contestant in "Henkjan Smits" Contestant in "Marianne van Wijnkoop" Contestant in "Henk Temming" Contestant in "Eric van Tijn" Contestant in "Gordon Heuckeroth" Contestant in "Angela Groothuizen" Contestant in "Stacey Rookhuizen" Contestant in "Ali B" Contestant in "Candy Dulfer" Judges' categories and their contestants In each season, each judge was allocated a category to mentor and chose a small number of acts to progress to the live finals. This table shows, for each series, which category each judge was allocated and which acts he or she put through to the live finals. Key: – Winning judge/cat
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/He%27s%20a%20Bully%2C%20Charlie%20Brown
He's a Bully, Charlie Brown is the 44th prime-time animated television special based on the comic strip Peanuts by Charles M. Schulz. It was originally aired on the ABC network on November 20, 2006. It is the third most recent Peanuts television special and is primarily based on a story from the Peanuts comic strips originally appearing in April 1995. He's a Bully, Charlie Brown was an idea Schulz had pitched, and worked on before his death on February 12, 2000. Schulz's working title for the special was It's Only Marbles, Charlie Brown. Animation was produced by Toon-Us-In. It is the last special to be produced by and feature Bill Melendez as the voice of Snoopy and Woodstock, as he died on September 2, 2008. It was also the last new special to air on ABC as the next special Happiness Is a Warm Blanket, Charlie Brown aired on Fox. This is also the last Peanuts special from the 2000s, and the last special to be in standard definition. Plot As summer approaches, Charlie Brown is preparing to go off to summer camp with Snoopy, Linus, Marcie, and other children. Peppermint Patty, however, must attend summer school due to her poor grades, much to her dismay. Before the trip, Rerun van Pelt finds a jar of marbles his grandfather Felix once owned, and decides to bring the marbles to camp in the hopes of learning how to play. Once they arrive at camp, the kids meet Joe Agate, who begins bullying them. On his way to the camp's trading post to buy a lollipop, Rerun sees Joe defeat another boy in a game of marbles. Rerun asks Joe if he can teach him how to play, and Joe agrees on the false pretense of teaching him the game. Joe easily defeats Rerun, and proceeds to claim the game was for keeps to take away of all his marbles. Heartbroken, Rerun explains to Charlie Brown what has happened. Disgusted, Charlie Brown vows to win back the marbles and isolates himself in the boathouse, where Snoopy (as alter ego Joe Cool) instructs him on the game until he becomes skilled enough to defeat Joe. Meanwhile, back home, Peppermint Patty suspects that Charlie Brown has become Marcie's love interest. Her temper flares when Marcie begins teasing her over the telephone. Patty, overcome with jealousy, hatches a plan to leave town and interrupt Marcie's supposed romance, but when she arrives at camp she learns that nobody has seen Charlie Brown in days. On the last day of camp, Charlie Brown has Snoopy summon the other campers to the trading post. There, Charlie Brown challenges Joe, exposing his unfair ways of playing to the others: he only plays with beginners, pretends to play for fun until he wins, at which point he claims keeps and steals all the campers’ marbles. Charlie Brown gives Joe a clear warning that this match is to the death. Everyone watches the two compete; initially, Joe wins and takes all of Charlie Brown's marbles, but Snoopy provides two spares. Joe reluctantly starts the game over and takes out one marble, but then attempts a trick shot and misse
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GRAPE
GRAPE, or GRAphics Programming Environment is a software development environment for mathematical visualization, especially differential geometry and continuum mechanics. In 1994, it won the European Academic Software Award. The term graphical refers to the applications; the programming itself is mostly based on C. GRAPE was developed by the University of Bonn in Germany and is available for free for non-commercial purposes. It has not been developed actively since 1998. qfix Grape Another graphical programming environment called GRAPE is developed by qfix and the University of Ulm. Here, it is used as a graphical tool for developing object oriented programs for controlling autonomous mobile robots. After arranging graphical program entities to receive the desired flow chart, the graphical program can be translated to source code (e.g. C++). A modular interface makes the environment easy to extend, so additional classes can be integrated or different flowchart-to-code translator or compilers can be used. References External links official homepage (University of Bonn) Homepage qfix robotics qfix Grape Data visualization software
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morning%20Express%20with%20Robin%20Meade
Morning Express with Robin Meade is a morning news program that aired on the HLN television network in the United States from 2005 to December 5, 2022. About the show Morning Express with Robin Meade aired weekdays on HLN from 6:00 am to 11:00 am ET. The show broadcast live from the CNN Center in Atlanta, with a focus on news headlines pertaining to crime, politics, weather, entertainment, health, sports, and the economy. Morning Express featured anchor Robin Meade, meteorologist Bob Van Dillen, money correspondent Jennifer Westhoven, entertainment correspondent Melissa Knowles, and sports anchor Coy Wire. The group was once described by Stephen King as "his morning people" in his Entertainment Weekly column. Between October 2008 and April 2009, the show was accompanied by the "Morning Express Challenge" trivia game. The game ran from 8 to 10 a.m. Eastern and offered trivia on current events, polls, predictions and a chat room. Meade and the other correspondents often took part in the chat room and mentioned game players on the air. Trivia game players were eligible to win prizes that included trips, T-shirts, bathrobes, and a variety of others. On December 1, 2022, it was reported that Morning Express had been cancelled in the wake of cost-cutting measures following the Warner Bros. Discovery merger. Beginning December 6, HLN would simulcast CNN This Morning with its sister network. Weekend Express A weekend edition of the show titled Weekend Express first aired in 2014. This version, last anchored by Susan Hendricks, followed the similar fast-paced headline format of Morning Express and aired on weekends from 7:00 am to 12:00 pm ET on HLN. Previously, Weekend Express has been anchored by Lynn Smith and Natasha Curry. Robin and Company era From 1982 to 2005, HLN (then known as CNN Headline News) did not have a predominant morning program, but the network decided in 2005 to build a program around Robin Meade based on her growing ratings and popularity among viewers. The program was originally called Robin & Company. Effective November 5, 2007, the program was renamed Morning Express with Robin Meade. The renamed program billed itself as the "fastest morning news show on television". Notable personalities Current Robin Meade – main anchor (2005–2022) Bob Van Dillen – meteorologist (2005–2022) Jennifer Westhoven – business & finance correspondent and weekend fill-in anchor (2006–2022) Melissa Knowles – entertainment correspondent and weekend fill-in anchor (2015–2022) Andy Scholes – sports anchor (2013–2022) Coy Wire – sports anchor (2015–2022) Shyann Malone – weekday anchor and weekend fill-in anchor (2018–2022) Elizabeth Prann – weekday and weekend fill-in anchor (2018–2022) Kristina Fitzpatrick – correspondent (2015–2022) Natisha Lance – investigative correspondent and weekend fill-in anchor (2021–2022) Susan Hendricks – Weekend Express anchor and fill-in weekday anchor (2005–2022) Allison Chinchar – Weekend Express meteorologist (2015
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LuxConnect
LuxConnect is a private company created under the initiative of the Luxembourg government in 2006. Its primary objectives are : the improvement of the national dark fiber network; the building and operation of state of the art data centers. LuxConnect's headquarter is located in Bettembourg, 4 rue A. Graham Bell, which is about 20 km South from Luxembourg City. Mission The mission of LuxConnect is to strengthen the country's IT infrastructure and to support international Internet connectivity of Luxembourg through connections with foreign Internet exchange points. History The company's key dates are: 10 October 2006: Incorporation of LuxConnect S.A. by the State of Luxembourg as main shareholder. 25 May 2009: Commissioning of the first data center (DC1.1) on the Bettembourg ICT campus March 2011: Commissioning of the second data center (DC1.2) on the Bettembourg ICT campus 14 May 2012: Commissioning of the first data center (DC2) on the Bissen ICT campus 21 March 2016: Completion of the implementation of 1000 km optical cables within the country of Luxembourg 13 June 2016: Commissioning of the third data center (DC1.3) on the Bettembourg ICT campus Product Portfolio Dark fiber LuxConnect owns and operates an optical fiber network consisting of 1.000 km of optical fiber cables across Luxembourg to redundantly connect all commercial data centers. Data centers LuxConnect currently operates three carrier neutral data centers across the country, providing more than 9.150 m2 of net IT surface dedicated to server rooms. Two of these data centers are located in Bettembourg and one is in Bissen. LuxConnect is currently building a fourth data center located in Bettembourg, Krakelshaff zoning. The data centers of LuxConnect are certified by the Uptime Institute. - Data Center DC1.1 Tier IV Design certified in July 2013. - Data Center DC2 Tier IV and Tier II Design certified in March 2014. - Data Center DC1.3 Tier IV, Tier III and Tier II Design certified in May 2014. LuxConnect applies a green environment policy incorporating latest technologies to maximize energy efficiency and reduce water consumption. LuxConnect operates the first green datacenter in Luxembourg, where the cooling is achieved by means of an absorption refrigerator using waste heat from a cogeneration plant. Philosophy LuxConnect behaves as a strong supporter for the ICT industry facilitating its activity deployment in Luxembourg. It is also an active member of LU-CIX (LUxembourg Commercial Internet eXchange). External links LuxConnect website LU-CIX website References Communications in Luxembourg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revenge%20Is%20a%20Dish%20Best%20Served%20Three%20Times
"Revenge Is a Dish Best Served Three Times" is the eleventh episode of the eighteenth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on January 28, 2007. It was written by Joel H. Cohen, and directed by Michael Polcino. Plot After the Simpsons' car is cut off by the Rich Texan while driving to the airport for their Miami vacation, Homer's motivation for revenge prompts his family to tell three stories concerning vengeance, hoping to convince Homer that pursuing revenge is not a good idea. The Count of Monte Fatso Marge tells a cautionary tale of revenge taking place in 19th century France, parodying the 1844 novel The Count of Monte Cristo by Alexandre Dumas. Moe breaks up the marriage of Homer and Marge by framing Homer as an English traitor. Moe marries Marge, and Homer, now in a French prison, swears revenge. His cellmate, Mr. Burns, leads him to a buried treasure. With its riches, Homer becomes the Count of Monte Cristo. Five years later, he kills Moe with a homemade machine, expecting Marge to take him back. Marge angrily rebuffs him, showing him the triplets she had with Moe. At the end of the story, Marge's explanation is that revenge can lead to misery and sadness. However, she finds that Homer had got distracted from her story by the car radio, requiring another story. Revenge of the Geeks Titled as a parody on the movie Revenge of the Nerds, Lisa's story revolves around Milhouse's campaign to fight back against the school bullies and the consequences when he goes too far. Tired of being bullied by Jimbo, Dolph, and Kearney, the geeks plan their revenge. In the science lab, Martin creates The Getbackinator, a ray gun that makes people perform various playground tortures on themselves such as wedgies and wet willies. Milhouse uses the weapon on the bullies, but then begins attacking anyone who has ever (accidentally or on purpose) wronged him, including his own friends. Lisa eventually convinces Milhouse to stop, and he reluctantly throws the device aside. Afterwards, Nelson returns from an absence due to mumps, finds the weapon and ends up using it against Milhouse. Lisa claims the moral of the story is that taking revenge makes a person as bad as those who hurt them. Homer is not convinced and resumes his pursuit of revenge. Bartman Begins Having missed their flight to Miami, Homer begins to approach the Rich Texan to enact his revenge until Bart offers to recount "Bartman's 'origin story'", a parody of the film Batman Begins. After leaving the Opera House, Homer and Marge are killed by Snake Jailbird in a dark alley. Bart swears revenge on Snake, creating his superhero alter ego, Bartman. He is helped by his grandfather, who used to fight crime as the Crimson Cockatoo. Bartman flies around Gotham City, defeating enemies in his way for justice. When Snake attempts to steal the "Stealable Jewels of the Orient" from the Gotham Natural History Museum, Bar
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20computer%20hardware%20manufacturers
Current notable computer hardware manufacturers: Cases List of computer case manufacturers: Aigo Antec AOpen ASRock Asus be quiet! CaseLabs (defunct) Chassis Plans Cooler Master Corsair Dell Deepcool DFI ECS EVGA Corporation Foxconn Fractal Design Gigabyte Technology IBall In Win Development Lian Li MSI MiTAC NZXT Phanteks Razer Rosewill Seasonic Shuttle Thermaltake XFX XPG (Xtreme Performance Gear, a gaming brand of ADATA) Zalman Rack-mount computer cases Antec AOpen Laptop computer cases Clevo MSI XPG (Xtreme Performance Gear, a gaming brand of ADATA) Motherboards Top motherboard manufacturers: ASRock Asus Biostar EVGA Corporation Gigabyte Technology MSI (Micro-Star International) Intel List of motherboard manufacturers: Acer ACube Systems Albatron AOpen Chassis Plans DFI (industrial motherboards), stopped producing LanParty motherboards in 2009 ECS (Elitegroup Computer Systems) EPoX (partially defunct) First International Computer Foxconn Fujitsu Gumstix Intel (NUC and server motherboards) Lanner Inc (industrial motherboards) Leadtek Lite-On NZXT Pegatron PNY Technologies Powercolor Sapphire Technology Shuttle Inc. Simmtronics Supermicro Tyan VIA Technologies Vigor Gaming ZOTAC Defunct: BFG Technologies Chaintech Soyo Group Inc Universal Abit (formerly ABIT) Chipsets for motherboards AMD Redpine Signals Intel Nvidia ServerWorks Silicon Integrated Systems VIA Technologies Central processing units (CPUs) Note: most of these companies only make designs, and do not manufacture their own designs. Top x86 CPU manufacturers: AMD Intel List of CPU manufacturers (most of the companies sell ARM-based CPUs, assumed if nothing else stated): Arm Ltd. (sells designs only) Apple Inc. (ARM-based CPUs) Broadcom Inc. (ARM-based, e.g. for Raspberry Pi) Fujitsu (its ARM-based CPU used in top supercomputer, still also sells its SPARC-based servers) Hitachi (its own designs and ARM) Hygon (x86-based) HiSilicon (acquired by Huawei), stopped making its ARM-based design IBM (now only designs two architectures) Ingenic Semiconductor (MIPS-based) Marvell (its ThunderX3 ARM-based) MCST (its own designs and SPARC) MediaTek (ARM chips, and MIPS chips) Nvidia (sells ARM-based, and unsuccessfully attempted to buy the ARM company) Qualcomm (ARM-based) Rockchip (ARM-based) Amlogic (ARM-based) Allwinner (ARM-based) Samsung (ARM-based) SiFive (RISC-V-based, e.g. HiFive Unleashed) Texas Instruments (its own designs and ARM) Via (formerly Centaur Technology division), its own x86-based design Wave Computing (previously MIPS Technologies), licenses MIPS CPU design Zhaoxin (its own x86 design based on Via's) Hard disk drives (HDDs) Internal List of current hard disk drive manufacturers: Seagate Technology Toshiba Western Digital External Note: the HDDs internal to these devices are manufactured only by the internal HDD manufacturers listed
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System%20high%20mode
System high mode, or simply system high, is a security mode of using an automated information system (AIS) that pertains to an environment that contains restricted data that is classified in a hierarchical scheme, such as Top Secret, Secret and Unclassified. System high pertains to the IA features of information processed, and specifically not to the strength or trustworthiness of the system. System high mode is distinguished from other modes (such as multilevel security) by its lack of need for the system to contribute to the protection or separation of unequal security classifications. In particular, this precludes use of the features of objects (e.g. content or format) produced by or exposed to an AIS operating in system high mode as criteria to securely downgrade those objects. As a result, all information in a system high AIS is treated as if it were classified at the highest security level of any data in the AIS. For example, Unclassified information can exist in a secret system high computer but it must be treated as secret, therefore it can never be shared with unclassified destinations (unless downgraded by reliable human review, which itself is risky because of lack of omniscient humans.) There is no known technology to securely declassify system high information by automated means because no reliable features of the data can be trusted after having been potentially corrupted by the system high host. When unreliable means are used (including cross-domain solutions and bypass guards) a serious risk of system exploitation via the bypass is introduced. Nevertheless, it has been done where the resulting risk is overlooked or accepted. Example: When Daniel is granted access to a computer system that uses System High mode, Daniel must have a valid security clearance for all information processed by the system and valid "need to know" for some, but not necessary all, informations processes by the system. Sources NCSC (1985). "Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria". National Computer Security Center. (a.k.a. the TCSEC or "Orange Book" or DOD 5200.28 STD). CISSP (2018). "Certified Information System Security Professional, Official Study Guide". 8th Edition Computer security procedures
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capability-based%20operating%20system
Capability-based operating system generally refers to an operating system that uses capability-based security. Examples include: Hydra KeyKOS EROS CapROS Midori seL4 Genode Fuchsia Control Program Facility Capability systems Operating system security
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point%20of%20View%20%28computer%20hardware%20company%29
Point Of View B.V. or commonly known as Point of View, POV is a computer hardware company that produces and has produced PCs (including all-in-one systems), tablets, gaming graphics cards/PC cases/mice and mouse pads, quadcopters, smart lights, headphones, and Bluetooth dongles. It was established in the year 2000. POV is based in the Netherlands. The company also includes Point of View Taiwan, Point of View China, Point of View Hong Kong, Point of View France and Point of View United States. Despite being based in the Netherlands, it no longer does business in Europe, as their European branch went bankrupt in 2016. Products References Graphics hardware companies Technology companies of the Netherlands Computer companies established in 2000 2000 establishments in the Netherlands
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shared%20resource
In computing, a shared resource, or network share, is a computer resource made available from one host to other hosts on a computer network. It is a device or piece of information on a computer that can be remotely accessed from another computer transparently as if it were a resource in the local machine. Network sharing is made possible by inter-process communication over the network. Some examples of shareable resources are computer programs, data, storage devices, and printers. E.g. shared file access (also known as disk sharing and folder sharing), shared printer access, shared scanner access, etc. The shared resource is called a shared disk, shared folder or shared document The term file sharing traditionally means shared file access, especially in the context of operating systems and LAN and Intranet services, for example in Microsoft Windows documentation. Though, as BitTorrent and similar applications became available in the early 2000s, the term file sharing increasingly has become associated with peer-to-peer file sharing over the Internet. Common file systems and protocols Shared file and printer access require an operating system on the client that supports access to resources on a server, an operating system on the server that supports access to its resources from a client, and an application layer (in the four or five layer TCP/IP reference model) file sharing protocol and transport layer protocol to provide that shared access. Modern operating systems for personal computers include distributed file systems that support file sharing, while hand-held computing devices sometimes require additional software for shared file access. The most common such file systems and protocols are: The "primary operating system" is the operating system on which the file sharing protocol in question is most commonly used. On Microsoft Windows, a network share is provided by the Windows network component "File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks", using Microsoft's SMB (Server Message Block) protocol. Other operating systems might also implement that protocol; for example, Samba is an SMB server running on Unix-like operating systems and some other non-MS-DOS/non-Windows operating systems such as OpenVMS. Samba can be used to create network shares which can be accessed, using SMB, from computers running Microsoft Windows. An alternative approach is a shared disk file system, where each computer has access to the "native" filesystem on a shared disk drive. Shared resource access can also be implemented with Web-based Distributed Authoring and Versioning (WebDAV). Naming convention and mapping The share can be accessed by client computers through some naming convention, such as UNC (Universal Naming Convention) used on DOS and Windows PC computers. This implies that a network share can be addressed according to the following: where is the WINS name, DNS name or IP address of the server computer, and may be a folder or file name, or its
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McCarthy%20Formalism
In computer science and recursion theory the McCarthy Formalism (1963) of computer scientist John McCarthy clarifies the notion of recursive functions by use of the IF-THEN-ELSE construction common to computer science, together with four of the operators of primitive recursive functions: zero, successor, equality of numbers and composition. The conditional operator replaces both primitive recursion and the mu-operator. Introduction McCarthy's notion of conditional expression McCarthy (1960) described his formalism this way: "In this article, we first describe a formalism for defining functions recursively. We believe this formalism has advantages both as a programming language and as a vehicle for developing a theory of computation.... We shall need a number of mathematical ideas and notations concerning functions in general. Most of the ideas are well known, but the notion of conditional expression is believed to be new, and the use of conditional expressions permits functions to be defined recursively in a new and convenient way." Minsky's explanation of the "formalism" In his 1967 Computation: Finite and Infinite Machines, Marvin Minsky in his § 10.6 Conditional Expressions: The McCarthy Formalism describes the "formalism" as follows: "Practical computer languages do not lend themselves to formal mathematical treatment--they are not designed to make it easy to prove theorems about the procedures they describe. In a paper by McCarthy [1963] we find a formalism that enhances the practical aspect of the recursive-function concept, while preserving and improving its mathematical clarity. ¶ McCarthy introduces "conditional expressions" of the form f = (if p1 then e1 else e2) where the ei are expressions and p1 is a statement (or equation) that may be true or false. ¶ This expression means See if p1 is true; if so the value of f is given by e1. IF p1 is false, the value of f is given by e2. This conditional expression . . . has also the power of the minimization operator. . .. The McCarthy formalism is like the general recursive (Kleene) system, in being based on some basic functions, composition, and equality, but with the conditional expression alone replacing both the primitive-recursive scheme and the minimization operator." (Minsky 1967:192-193) Minsky uses the following operators in his demonstrations: Zero Successor Equality of numbers Composition (substitution, replacement, assignment) Conditional expression From these he shows how to derive the predecessor function (i.e. DECREMENT); with this tool he derives the minimization operator necessary for "general" recursion, as well as primitive-recursive definitions. Expansion of IF-THEN-ELSE to the CASE operator In his 1952 Introduction of Meta-Mathematics Stephen Kleene provides a definition of what it means to be a primitive recursive function: "A function is primitive recursive in (briefly Ψ), if there is a finite sequence of (occurrences of) functions ... such that each
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KVTX-LD
KVTX-LD (channel 45) is a low-power television station in Victoria, Texas, United States, affiliated with the Spanish-language Telemundo network. It is owned by Morgan Murphy Media alongside ABC affiliate KAVU-TV (channel 25) and four other low-power stations: NBC affiliate KMOL-LD (channel 17), CBS affiliate KXTS-LD (channel 41), MeTV affiliate KQZY-LD (channel 33), and Univision affiliate KUNU-LD (channel 21). Morgan Murphy Media also provides certain services Fox affiliate KVCT (channel 19) under a local marketing agreement (LMA) with SagamoreHill Broadcasting. All of the stations share studios on North Navarro Street in Victoria and transmitter facilities on Farm to Market Road 236 west of the city. Even though KVTX-LD has a digital signal of its own, the low-power broadcasting radius only covers the immediate Victoria area. Therefore, the station can also be seen through a 16:9 widescreen standard definition simulcast on KVCT's second digital subchannel in order to reach the entire market; this signal can be seen on channel 19.2 from the same Farm to Market Road 236 transmitter site west of Victoria. Technical information Subchannels The station's digital signal is multiplexed: References External links Official website Morgan Murphy Media stations VTX-LD VTX-LD Telemundo network affiliates
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winnipeg%20Walkway
The Winnipeg Walkway System, also known as the Winnipeg Skywalk, is a network of pedestrian skyways and tunnels connecting a significant portion of downtown Winnipeg, Manitoba. The City of Winnipeg described the Walkway as a system of 14 skyways and 7 tunnels connecting 38 buildings and allowing for a maximum protected walk of 2 km. The system also provides year-round climate-controlled access to over of space, including over 200 shops and businesses, 10 office complexes, 60 restaurants and snack bars, 700 apartment units, 2 hotels, 11 financial centres, and the Winnipeg Millennium Library, bringing together 21,000 employees. The walkway system has expanded since its initial construction. The Walkway is subdivided into four interconnected segments: its skyways chiefly cover Portage, Graham, and St. Mary Avenues; and its underground section includes Winnipeg Square and the underground Portage and Main concourse. It is open every day of the week, typically from 06:30 AM to 12:30 AM, though some individual building hours vary. Network segments Beginning in 2004, in anticipation of the openings of the MTS Centre and Millennium Library, a new unified system of signage was developed for the entire network to assist wayfinding therein. This process brought with it the branding of the system as the Winnipeg Walkway and the subdivision of the network into four interconnected segments. Main Underground The Main Underground portion of the network is centred underneath the historic intersection of Portage and Main. At street level, this intersection is closed to pedestrians; it is not (legally) possible to cross it without going underground. On a much smaller scale, this segment is somewhat reminiscent of Montreal's Underground City. Via a network of tunnels, the Main Underground connects the following: Portage and Main Pedestrian Loop Trizec Complex Winnipeg Square 360 Main (formerly Commodity Exchange Tower) Scotiabank Building Royal Bank Building 201 Portage (formerly Canwest Place, CanWest Global Place, and TD Centre) TDS Law TD Canada Trust (now at 360 Main Street) Concourse Sports/Ergonomic Physiotherapy Lombard Place Richardson Building CIBC Fairmont Winnipeg Hotel Lombard Concourse 161 Portage Avenue East Grain Exchange Building MTS and Bank of Montreal Building At the southwestern corner of Winnipeg Square, near the intersection of Graham Avenue and Fort Street, there are escalator, lift and stairway connections to the second floor of 200 Graham Avenue, thereby connecting the Main Underground to the Graham Skywalk. The 360 Main Street tower sits upon one of several structural pads atop Winnipeg Square. The complex is said to be able to accommodate the construction of an additional high-rise office tower on Graham Avenue as well as a low-rise building for use as a hotel on Main Street, following this same model. Construction of a 40-story residential tower at 300 Main Street began in Fall 2018. Graham Skywalk The Graham Skywalk consists
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiexpress
AmiExpress - also known as /X - by Synthetic Technologies was a popular BBS software application for the Amiga line of computers. AmiExpress was extremely popular among the warez scene for trading (exchanging) software. AmiExpress was created and updated between 1992 and 1995. The software was originally written by Michael Thomas of Synthetic Technologies and later sold to Joseph Hodge of Lightspeed Technologies. Mike Thomas worked on AmiExpress for about two years, modelling the software after the commercial PC BBS software PCBoard. He first ran a BBS on PCBoard on a PC himself, but he was not happy with the PC platform in general and decided to make a comparable product on the Amiga. A Usenet post (by /X author Joseph Hodge) later stated that both programming on /X and the developer company (LightSpeed Technologies Inc.) were to be dissolved, with plans for a new bulletin board system - Millennium BBS. This never surfaced. In 2018 AmiExpress was revived by Darren Coles. He obtained permission from Joseph Hodge to continue development of the product and to continue using the name AmiExpress. Version 5.0.0 was released publicly at the end of 2018. This version was re-written in Amiga-E by taking the publicly released source code for v3 and reverse engineering the new functionality present in v4.20. It is highly backwards compatible with the v4.x versions and adds many new features and the source code is available on github. References External links AmiExpress information and live demonstration Lightspeed Technologies AmiExpress Professional 4.0 software & source code download Bulletin board system software Amiga software
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unistat
The Unistat computer program is a statistical data analysis tool featuring two modes of operation: The stand-alone user interface is a complete workbench for data input, analysis and visualization while the Microsoft Excel add-in mode extends the features of the mainstream spreadsheet application with powerful analytical capabilities. With its first release in 1984, Unistat soon differentiated itself by targeting the new generation of microcomputers that were becoming commonplace in offices and homes at a time when data analysis was largely the domain of big iron mainframe and minicomputers. Since then, the product has gone through several major revisions targeting various desktop computing platforms, but its development has always been focused on user interaction and dynamic visualization. As desktop computing has continued to proliferate throughout the 1990s and onwards, Unistat's end-user oriented interface has attracted a following amongst biomedicine researchers, social scientists, market researchers, government departments and students, enabling them to perform complex data analysis without the need for large manuals and scripting languages. Procedures supported by Unistat include: Statistical graphics: Scatter plot, Line chart, Box plot, Probability plot, Histogram, Stem-and-leaf plot, Open-high-low-close chart, Bland–Altman plot Parametric statistics: Student's t-test, F test, Levene's test, equivalence tests for means Goodness of fit: Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, chi-squared test, Shapiro–Wilk test, Lilliefors test, Anderson–Darling test, Cramér–von Mises statistic Correlations: Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, Kendall tau rank correlation coefficient, Partial correlation, Intraclass correlation Non-parametric statistics: Mann–Whitney U, Hodges–Lehmann estimator, Wald–Wolfowitz runs test, Moses Extreme Reaction test, Median test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Sign test, binomial test, Noninferiority Test, Superiority test, Equivalence test, Odds ratio, Relative risk, Fisher's exact test, McNemar's test, Tetrachoric Correlation, Sensitivity and specificity, Prevalence, Youden's index, Positive predictive value, Negative predictive value, Likelihood ratios Kruskal–Wallis one-way analysis of variance, Friedman two-way analysis of variance, Cochran's Q test, Cohen's kappa Contingency table: Pearson's chi-squared test, Phi coefficient, Kendall's tau, Kendall's W, Cramér's V, Goodman and Kruskal's lambda Regression analysis: Linear regression, Stepwise regression, Nonlinear regression, logit/probit/gompit, logistic regression, multinomial logit, Poisson regression, Box–Cox transformation, Cox regression ROC analysis Meta analysis Analysis of variance General linear model Multiple comparisons / Post-hoc analysis: Tukey's HSD, Scheffe method, Studentized range, Duncan's new multiple range test, Tukey's range test, Bonferroni, Student–Newman–Keuls Multivariate analysis: Cluster ana
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jessica%20Litman
Jessica Litman is a leading intellectual property scholar. She has been ranked as one of the most-cited U.S. law professors in the field of intellectual property/cyberlaw. Litman graduated from Reed College, received an MFA from Southern Methodist University, and received a JD from Columbia Law School. After law school, she served as a law clerk to Judge Betty Fletcher on the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. She is John F. Nickoll Professor of Law at the University of Michigan Law School, after having been a law professor at Wayne State University Law School from 1990 to 2006 and University of Michigan Law from 1984 to 1990. She has also held a joint appointment as Professor of Information at the University of Michigan's School of Information, and has taught at schools including New York University and the University of Tokyo. Her original appointment to the Michigan Law faculty was only the fourth to that faculty of a woman. Litman is the author of Digital Copyright: Protecting Intellectual Property on the Internet (2001), a classic text exploring the events leading to the passage of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. The book's third edition was published in open-access form in 2017. She is also the co-author, with Jane Ginsburg and Mary Lou Kevlin, of the casebook Trademarks and Unfair Competition Law: Cases and Materials. Google Scholar lists Litman as the author of more than eighty articles, book chapters, or shorter works, published in the Yale Law Journal, the Stanford Law Review, the Columbia Law Review, the Texas Law Review, and elsewhere. Litman has testified before Congress multiple times, most recently in 2020. According to digital libraries expert Karen Coyle, Litman’s 1994 testimony before the Working Group on Intellectual Property of the White House Information Infrastructure Task Force “leapt from the page like some minor miracle of truth and justice.” Litman is a recipient of Public Knowledge’s IP3 award, awarded each year for significant contribution to “Intellectual Property, Information Policy, [or] Internet Protocol.” She is an elected member of the American Law Institute and an adviser to that body’s Restatement of the Law, Copyright. She serves on the advisory board of Cyberspace Law Abstracts, and is a member of the International Advisory Board of I/S: A Journal of Law and Policy for the Information Society. She has served as a trustee of the Copyright Society of the U.S.A., as a member of the advisory councils of both Public Knowledge and the Future of Music Coalition, and as chair of the Association of American Law Schools Section on Intellectual Property. She served on the Intellectual Property and Internet Committee of the ACLU. She served on the Program Committee of the 13th Annual Conference on Computers, Freedom & Privacy, and the organizing committee of the 25th Telecommunications Policy Research Conference. She was a member of the National Research Council's Committee on Partnerships
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald%20Bren%20School%20of%20Information%20and%20Computer%20Sciences
The Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences, also known colloquially as UCI's School of ICS or simply the Bren School, is an academic unit of University of California, Irvine (UCI), and the only dedicated school of computer science in the University of California system. Consisting of nearly three thousand students, faculty, and staff, the school maintains three buildings in the South-East section of UCI's undergraduate campus, and maintains student body and research affiliations throughout UCI. The school of ICS consists of three departments: Computer Science, Informatics, and Statistics. The combined groupings focus the school around the fields of computing and processing of information. The departments confer eight undergraduate, eleven masters, and seven doctoral degrees in total, with some degree programs cooperating with affiliated schools. History Beginning in 1968, three years after UCI's founding, the Department of Information and Computer Science was created as an independent department, not belonging to any school. In 2002, the 35-year-old department was elevated to the status of a school, and its faculty were partitioned into two departments, the Department of Computer Science and the Department of Informatics. The Department of Statistics, founded earlier in 2002, was included as a third department in the newly created school. During 2004, the school received a $20 million anonymous donation. The donation was later revealed to be from Donald Bren, a wealthy real estate developer and head of the Irvine Company. The school was renamed in his honor. Academics The school of ICS is one of less than fifty independent computer science schools in the United States, and the only one in the University of California system. U.S. News & World Report ranks Bren School as 29th in the United States for Computer Science , and 14th in public university programs. Among some ICS subareas, the school is ranked 4th in human-computer interaction, 9th in software engineering, and 8th in databases. Undergraduate The school possesses 8 undergraduate majors, ranging from lower level hardware to high level social computing, each providing a Bachelor of Science degree (notably, Computer Engineering is not part of ICS, and resides in the Henry Samueli School of Engineering). Out of the 8 undergraduate majors in the Donald Bren School, 3 are unique interdisciplinary studies shared between the Paul Merage School of Business, the Henry Samueli School of Engineering, and the School of Biological Sciences. The majors that are available include Biomedical Computing, Business Information Management, Computer Game Science, Computer Science, Computer Science & Engineering, Informatics, Information and Computer Science, and Software Engineering. Non-interdisciplinary majors are: The school's primary major is Information and Computer Science, focused on computer science theory and software engineering. In contrast to engineering majors, addition
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pel%C3%A9%27s%20Soccer
Pelé's Soccer, originally released as Championship Soccer (and using that name in modern compilations for trademark reasons), is a 1981 sports game from Atari, Inc. for the Atari Video Computer System. Endorsed by the famous footballer Pelé, it features ball-handing and goal-keeping techniques using the joystick. Gameplay Each team has one forward, two defenders, and a goalkeeper on the field at all times. The player's goalkeeper is always controlled by the computer unless they save a shot. Each game consists of two halves of various time lengths (depending on the game settings being used). All the forwards and backs run in their proper formation. There are 54 different game variations (27 single-player and 27 multiplayer) that allow for different speeds, game lengths, and goal sizes. Releases Originally planned for a 1980 holiday season release, Championship Soccer was delayed until February 1981. The game received the personal endorsement of Pelé himself, who appeared in commercials and even went on promotional tours for the game. The endorsement came late in the development process of the game, as the original release bore the Championship Soccer name on both the box and the text-label cartridge, but Pelé's name and endorsement were appended to the cover of the instruction manual. As Atari shifted to picture-label cartridges, the game's name was formally changed to Pelé's Soccer. Sears, under their OEM licensing deal with Atari, Inc., released the game under their Tele-Games brand, simply titled Soccer, and using the original Championship Soccer box art; although the game program was unchanged, the Tele-Games release never bore the Pelé name. When Atari Corp. relaunched the 2600 in 1986 alongside the Atari 7800 ProSystem, which was backward-compatible with the 2600, they re-released Pelé's Soccer as a budget title to bolster the consoles' lineups. These releases are notable for the modifications to the 1981 black label design, featuring a copyright date of the year of production along with "Atari Corp." replacing "Atari, Inc.", and for the printing error of "Atari Game Program Instructions" beneath the title instead of the advisory "Use with Joystick Controllers". Modern compilations of Atari 2600 games, such as Atari Greatest Hits, Atari Vault, and the Atari Flashback series, revert the game's name to its original title of Championship Soccer for trademark purposes, as the original endorsement deal has long expired. Reception References 1981 video games Atari 2600 games Atari 2600-only games Association football video games North America-exclusive video games Cultural depictions of Pelé Video games based on real people Video games developed in the United States
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20The%20Batman%20episodes
The following is an episode list for the Kids' WB and Cartoon Network animated television series The Batman, starring the titular character. The series premiered on September 11, 2004, and ended on March 8, 2008, with a total of 65 episodes being produced and aired over the series' three-and-a-half-year run; each season comprised 13 episodes. All five seasons are available on DVD. A direct-to-DVD film titled The Batman vs. Dracula, based on the series, was released in on October 18, 2005, and made its television debut on Cartoon Network's Toonami block on October 22, 2005. There is also a spin-off comic book series, The Batman Strikes!, published by DC Comics which is set in the same continuity and style of The Batman. Series overview Episodes Season 1 (2004–05) Season 2 (2005) Season 3 (2005–06) Season 4 (2006–07) Season 5 (2007–08) Movie (2005) The 2005 direct-to-video feature film The Batman vs. Dracula was released after four episodes of the third season had aired. An intended sequel based on Batman: Hush was in pre-production before the project was cancelled. The film was released to DVD on October 18, 2005, and made its television debut on Cartoon Network's Toonami block on October 22. It was released on DVD as a tie-in with the live-action Batman Begins. Notes References Specific General External links Batman at http://www.worldsfinestonline.com/ Episodes: The Batman Batman, The Batman, The Batman, The Batman, The Episodes
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rede%20Bandeirantes
Rede Bandeirantes (, Bandeirantes Network), or simply known as Band (), is a Brazilian free-to-air television network. It began broadcasting on May 13, 1967 on VHF channel 13 in São Paulo. Its founder was businessman João Saad with the help of his father-in-law and former São Paulo governor Adhemar de Barros. In terms of audience and revenue, it is currently the fourth largest Brazilian television network. It broadcasts throughout Brazil through its owned-and-operated stations and affiliates. It also has a series of pay TV channels and it broadcasts internationally via Band Internacional. It was the first station to have all of its programming in color in 1972, and it was also the first to broadcast via satellite, being the pioneer network in the use of exclusive satellite channels for its simulcasts throughout Brazil in 1982. In 1990, when it was called Bandeirantes, the station changed the name to simply "Ban". However, due to the fact that the public was not pleased with this change, it was turned back to "Bandeirantes". The first use of the name "Band" was during a broadcast of the carnival in 1995, and on the same occasion, it became the first Brazilian station to insert its logo on the corner of the screen, being the so-called "watermark". During the 1980s and 1990s, it became known as "the sports channel", due to the network broadcasting the most varied sports genres, under the influence of announcer Luciano do Valle, being the first to broadcast the NTT IndyCar Series, the NBA and the Italian and Spanish football championships. The journalistic coverage was another recognition of Band, in carrying out debates between political candidates on television. It became the second TV station to hold a debate for the Governor of São Paulo in 1982 and it was the first to carry out debates between political candidates for the Presidency in 1989. History Background In 1945, in São Paulo, businessman João Jorge Saad bought Rádio Bandeirantes from his father-in-law Ademar de Barros, which the then-governor of São Paulo had bought from its previous owner, Paulo Machado de Carvalho, the owner of Rádio Record and Emisoras Unidas. During the administration of President Getúlio Vargas, João Saad managed to obtain the concession of a television channel in São Paulo in the 1950s. During the Juscelino Kubitschek government, the concession was canceled and handed over to another businessman. However, Saad managed, at the time of the João Goulart government, to recover the TV station. In 1961 in Morumbi, work began on the Radiantes Building – a building specially built with the purpose of housing the most modern television studios in Latin America, and later nicknamed by employees as an "enchanted palace". The station's building, the first in the country to be designed to receive a TV, took about five years to build. Saad has postponed the start of operations several times: "It wasn't time yet... I only opened the station in '67, based on solid foundations",
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Employee%20monitoring%20software
Employee monitoring software is a means of employee monitoring, and allows company administrators to monitor and supervise all their employee computers from a central location. It is normally deployed over a business network and allows for easy centralized log viewing via one central networked PC. Sometimes, companies opt to monitor their employees using remote desktop software instead. Purpose Employee monitoring software is used to supervise employees' performance, prevent illegal activities, avoid confidential info leakage, and catch insider threats. Nowadays employee monitoring software is widely used in technology companies. Features An employee monitoring program can monitor almost everything on a computer, such as keystrokes and passwords inputted, websites visited, chats in Facebook Messenger, Skype and other social chats. A piece of monitoring software can also capture screenshots of mobile activities. E-mail monitoring includes employers having access to records of employee’s e-mails that are sent through the company’s servers. Companies may use keyword searches to natural language processing to analyze e-mails. The administrator can view the logs through a cloud panel, or receive the logs by email. Criticism Bossware, also known as tattleware, is software that allows supervisors to automatically monitor the productivity of their employees. Common features of bossware include activity monitoring, screenshotting and/or screen recording, keystroke logging, webcam and/or microphone activation, and "invisible" monitoring. Bossware has been called a form of spyware. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of bossware by companies to monitor their employees increased. The Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) denounced bossware as a violation of privacy. The Center for Democracy and Technology (CDT) denounced bossware as a threat to the safety and health of employees. During the COVID-19 pandemic, members of the r/antiwork subreddit shared various mouse jiggler strategies to combat bossware intended to monitor the productivity of remote workers. A study by Reports and Data predicts that the global market for employee remote monitoring software will hit $1.3 billion by 2027. See also Computer surveillance Computer surveillance in the workplace Job satisfaction Malware Spyware Trojan horse User activity monitoring References Business software Computer security software Computer surveillance Labor Spyware Deception Espionage devices Espionage techniques
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network%20tomography
Network tomography is the study of a network's internal characteristics using information derived from end point data. The word tomography is used to link the field, in concept, to other processes that infer the internal characteristics of an object from external observation, as is done in MRI or PET scanning (even though the term tomography strictly refers to imaging by slicing). The field is a recent development in electrical engineering and computer science, dating from 1996. Network tomography seeks to map the path data takes through the Internet by examining information from “edge nodes,” the computers in which the data are originated and from which they are requested. The field is useful for engineers attempting to develop more efficient computer networks. Data derived from network tomography studies can be used to increase quality of service by limiting link packet loss and increasing routing optimization. Recent developments There have been many published papers and tools in the area of network tomography, which aim to monitor the health of various links in a network in real-time. These can be classified into loss and delay tomography. Loss tomography Loss tomography aims to find “lossy” links in a network by sending active “probes” from various vantage points in the network or the Internet. Delay tomography The area of delay tomography has also attracted attention in the recent past. It aims to find link delays using end-to-end probes sent from vantage points. This can potentially help isolate links with large queueing delays caused by congestion. More applications Network tomography may be able to infer network topology using end-to-end probes. Topology discovery is a tradeoff between accuracy vs. overhead. With network tomography, the emphasis is to achieve as accurate a picture of the network with minimal overhead. In comparison, other network topology discovery techniques using SNMP or route analytics aim for greater accuracy with less emphasis on overhead reduction. Network tomography may find links which are shared by multiple paths (and can thus become potential bottlenecks in the future). Network Tomography may improve the control of a smart grid See also Network science Computer network References Networks Electrical engineering
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Peschardt
Michael Peschardt is a journalist and broadcaster for BBC News. Early life Educated at Merchant Taylors' School in Northwood, London and the University of Sussex he joined the BBC as a network reporter from 1983. BBC career After covering the England cricket team on The Ashes win in Australia in 1986/87, and the America's Cup; he decided to try living there for a year, and has been there ever since. He is the BBC's Sydney correspondent, covering a range of stories from Australia and South East Asia for the BBC's UK-based TV and Radio services, including BBC Radio 4 and BBC News as well as the international channel BBC World News. Peschardt also hosts BBC World News's programme Peschardt's People, which profiles well-known personalities in the Asia-Pacific. Interviewees have included Singaporean actress Fann Wong, New Zealand actor Sam Neill, Bollywood star Preity Zinta and Australian basketball player Luc Longley. As well as this, he occasionally returns to the UK to fill in for absent presenters on BBC One's morning news programme BBC Breakfast. He also presented the BBC coverage of the 2002 Commonwealth Games from Manchester. ABC work Peschardt guest-presented the Mornings show on the Australian Broadcasting Corporation's 702 ABC Sydney for summer 2008/09, in place of Deborah Cameron. References External links Bio at BBC Breakfast Year of birth missing (living people) Living people People educated at Merchant Taylors' School, Northwood BBC newsreaders and journalists BBC World News Australian television presenters Australian journalists British expatriates in Australia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SilverPlatter
SilverPlatter Information, Inc. was one of the first companies to produce commercial reference databases on CD-ROMs. It was founded in 1983 in the United Kingdom by Béla Hatvany and Walt Winshall with the explicit intention of using CD technology to publish data, and thus provide an alternative to searching databases in magnetic tape format. Ron Rietdyk was the company's first President. The firm was started in 1986 from a small building in Newton Lower Falls, Massachusetts. The company began experimenting with four databases: ERIC, LISA, PsycLIT, and EMBASE. In 1987 the company had 12 databases and revenues of approximately $6m. Competing with CD Plus (now Ovid Technologies), Aries, Cambridge Scientific Abstracts and Dialog, the company offered libraries a wide range of CD-ROMs. Over the next few years the company expanded from its academic base into medical, business and health and safety CD publishing. In 1989 the firm launched MultiPlatter, a system for networking CD-ROMs across local area networks. In 1991, it introduced searching the data held at the company's site by ERL (the electronic reference library), a system for providing hard disk access to its databases via the DXP protocol. This last proved successful with more than 500 sites using the firm's technology by 1997. In that year the company had grown to $75m in revenues and had over 250 databases. In 2001, SilverPlatter was sold to Wolters Kluwer at a reputed price of $113m, and now forms part of Ovid Technologies, the Wolters Kluwer subsidiary. References Further reading Challenges of Academic Library Management in Developing Countries. pp. 86–87. Information Today Program. pp. 169 – 175. Library Hi Tech. pp. 49–60. CD-ROM Professional. pp. 12–13. Infonomics and the Business of Free. p. 22, p. 23. External links The SilverPlatter Platform at Ovid Ovid company history, with information on merger with SilverPlatter Presentation of the new OvidSP Home of the new OvidSP site Publishing companies of the United States Educational publishing companies Publishing companies established in 1983 Database companies 1983 establishments in the United Kingdom 1986 establishments in Massachusetts
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aelita%20Software%20Corporation
Aelita Software Corporation is a software company that provided enterprise network management tools for improved security, usability, and control. Aelita software has developed solutions for Microsoft Windows 2000 and 2003 migration and domain reconfiguration, security analysis, directory management, systems monitoring, and configuration recovery. Examples of Aelita Software products include Aelita Domain Migration Wizard, Aelita Exchange Migration Wizard, Aelita InTrust, Aelita Archive Manager, and others. The company was acquired by Quest Software in March 2004 for about $115 million. Aelita Software products and technology have been incorporated into Quest's Windows Management products. Much of the management from Aelita transitioned to Veeam, which launched in 2006. In 2012, Quest Software was acquired by Dell, for $2.36 billion to form the Dell Software. In June 2016, Dell announced the sale of their software division, including the Quest business, to Francisco Partners and Elliott Management Corporation. On November 1, 2016, the sale of Dell Software to Francisco Partners and Elliott Management was completed and the company was re-launched as Quest Software. References External links Quest Software website Software companies based in Ohio Companies based in Dublin, Ohio Software companies established in 1998 Companies established in 1998 1998 establishments in the United States 1998 establishments in Ohio Quest Software 2004 mergers and acquisitions Defunct software companies of the United States
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/That%27s%20Entertainment%20%28Philippine%20TV%20program%29
That's Entertainment is a Philippine television variety show broadcast by GMA Network. Originally hosted by German Moreno and Ike Lozada, it premiered on January 6, 1986. The show concluded on May 3, 1996 with a total of 3,200 episodes. Overview The show was created by German Moreno who initially wanted teenaged celebrity siblings to star in the show and name it as Brothers and Sisters. After watching the American film That's Entertainment!, Moreno decided to change the title of the show. Premiering on January 6, 1986 on GMA Network, the show featured sixteen teenagers (divided into 4 from Monday to Thursday and gathered all together on Friday). The show later joined the network's Saturday afternoon line up. The show first aired from the GMA building in EDSA and eventually moved to GMA Broadway Centrum in 1987 to accommodate a wider studio audience. The cast members were separated into five groups; Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday. During the Saturday broadcast, all five groups performed together. The show also featured dance groups such as the Manoeuvres, Streetboys, Abztract Dancers, Kids at Work, and Universal Motion Dancers. The final episode, "That's The Reunion" was aired as a 2-hour primetime TV special on May 3, 1996, which featured former cast members of the show. Cast Hosts German Moreno Ike Lozada Original cast Jestoni Alarcon Jojo Alejar Mon Alvir J.C. Bonnin Mags Bonnin Ramon Christopher Sheryl Cruz Lotlot de Leon Jennifer Sevilla Gigi dela Riva Michael Gonzales Jon Hernandez Francis Magalona Kristina Paner Manilyn Reynes Lovely Rivero Lea Salonga Succeeding cast Jojo Abellana Champaigne Acosta Ana Abiera Aris Adina John Aey Lorie Anne Aguas Bernard Alan John Alba Almira Alcantara Jon Aldeguer Rachel Alejandro Fatima Alvir Aileen Pearl Angeles Michael Angelo Mark Anthony Ellie Rose Apple Ryan Aristorenas Janet Arnaiz Sharmaine Arnaiz Reyna Arroyo Jun King Austria Rita Avila Marco Ballesteros Raeyan Basa Bimbo Bautista Harlene Bautista Dranreb Belleza Romeo Beña Vincent Berba Richard Bonnin Maricone Borja Michael Brian Arabell Cadocio Genesis Canlapan Cary Mike Castillo Gwen Chandler Billy Christian Johnson Correa Cliff Cortazar Billy Joe Crawford Mutya Crisostomo Aubrey Rose Cruz Darwin Cruz Donna Cruz Glenda Cruz Jomar Cruz Mark Cruz Renzo Cruz Sunshine Cruz Dennis da Silva Jonathan Darca Jaypee de Guzman Keempee de Leon Lotlot de Leon Assunta de Rossi Edwin delos Santos Fredmoore delos Santos Kim delos Santos Cherry Desuasido Hazen Desuasido Chuckie Dreyfus George Dural DJ Durano Francis Enriquez Paolo Escudero Aileen Esguerra Ace Espinosa Miguel Espinosa Karla Estrada Neil Eugenio Anna Marie Falcon Adette Figueroa Jimmy Figueroa Jackie Forster Caselyn Francisco Shirley Fuentes Cecile Galvez Liza Galvez Raymond Garchitorena Garry Boy Garcia Geebee Garcia Jean Garcia Jigo Garcia Kenneth Garcia Marco Polo G
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socio-Economic%20Panel
The German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP [], for Sozio-oekonomisches Panel) is a longitudinal panel dataset of the population in Germany. It is a household based study which started in 1984 and which reinterviews adult household members annually. Additional samples have been taken from time to time. In 2015, there will be about 14,000 households, and more than 30,000 adult persons sampled. Some of the many topics surveyed include household composition, occupation, employment, earnings, health and life satisfaction. The annual surveys are conducted by the German Institute for Economic Research (DIW Berlin) and the Kantar Group. The survey is funded by the German Federal Government and the State of Berlin via the «Bund-Länder-Kommission» (State/Federal State Commission) for Educational Planning and Research Promotion. Data are available to social science researchers in Germany and abroad in SPSS/PSPP, SAS/DAP, Stata, R/S-PLUS and ASCII format. Extensive documentation in English and German is available online. SOEP data are integrated into the Cross National Equivalent File (CNEF) which contains panel data from Australia, Canada, Germany, Great Britain and the United States. The data distribution of the SOEP for researchers outside of Germany is supplied with the CNEF by a group at Ohio State University. Application to use this international distribution has to be made to the DIW Berlin. Subsamples See also Canadian Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) Cross-National Equivalent File (CNEF) Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia Survey (HILDA, Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) Swiss Household Panel (SHP) (URL:last access 2013-05-28) LISS panel (LISS) Survey on Household Income and Wealth (SHIW) UK households: a longitudinal study (UKHLS) / Understanding Society, UK formerly British Household Panel Survey (BHPS), UK Notes External links SOEP (official) website (URL accessed 2013-05-28) Cross National Equivalent File (CNEF) (URL accessed 2016-01-28) Swiss Household Panel (URL accessed 2013-05-28) LISS panel (URL accessed 2013-05-28) Economy of Germany Economic data Panel data Cohort studies Leibniz Association Household surveys
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WBKC
WBKC may refer to: WBKC (FM), a radio station (90.9 MHz) in the K-Love network at Morgantown, Indiana, United States Radio stations that previously used the call sign: WATJ (1560 AM) in Chardon, Ohio (1969–1986) WABQ (1460 AM) in Painesville, Ohio (1986–2006) WWGK (1540 AM) in Cleveland, Ohio (October 24–November 7, 2006)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KTK
KTK may refer to: TV Kanazawa, a Japanese broadcast network Kochi Tuskers Kerala, an Indian cricket team Khans of Tarkir, a video game block
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soak
Soak may refer to: Steeping Bathing Soakage (source of water), a source of water in Australian deserts Soak dike, ditch or drain Soak testing, a method of system testing in computing and electronics Soak (singer), Irish singer-songwriter Soak (album), 2013 album by Foetus SOAK, a Burning Man regional event in Portland, Oregon, USA See also Soak City (disambiguation) Soaked (disambiguation) Soaking (disambiguation) Soke (disambiguation) Souq, a marketplace consisting of multiple small stalls or shops
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher%20Soghoian
Christopher Soghoian (born 1981) is a privacy researcher and activist. He is currently working for Senator Ron Wyden as the senator’s Senior Advisor for Privacy & Cybersecurity. From 2012 to 2016, he was the principal technologist at the American Civil Liberties Union. Personal life Soghoian is the nephew of Sal Soghoian, the former Automation Product Manager at Apple Inc., responsible for AppleScript and Apple Automator. Education Soghoian, who holds British and US nationality, received a B.S. from James Madison University (Computer Science; 2002), a Masters from Johns Hopkins University (Security Informatics; 2005), and a PhD from Indiana University (Informatics; 2012). His dissertation focused on the role that third-party internet and telecommunications service providers play in facilitating law enforcement surveillance of their customers. Soghoian is a visiting fellow at Yale Law School's Information Society Project and a TED Senior Fellow. He was previously an Open Society Foundations Fellow and a Student Fellow at the Berkman Center for Internet & Society at Harvard University. Government surveillance research and activism Soghoian's research and advocacy is largely focused on government surveillance. His research has shed significant light on the use of sophisticated surveillance technologies by US law enforcement agencies, exposing such techniques to public debate and criticism. In December 2009, while an employee of the Federal Trade Commission, Soghoian secretly audio recorded a closed-door surveillance industry conference. The agency's inspector general opened an investigation into Soghoian's conduct, and he was subsequently let go from the FTC. In the recording, an executive from Sprint Nextel revealed that the company had created a special website through which law enforcement agents can obtain GPS information on subscribers and that the website had been used to process 8 million requests during the previous year. That recording was subsequently cited by Alex Kozinski, Chief Judge of the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals in U.S. v. Pineda-Moreno, in support of his view that "1984 may have come a bit later than predicted, but it's here at last." In a February, 2012, public speech, Soghoian criticized the commercial market for so called zero-day security vulnerabilities, a topic which, until then, had yet to receive significant attention from the mainstream press. One month later, Soghoian was quoted by Forbes, in a lengthy article about the zero day market, describing the firms and individuals who sell software exploits as “the modern-day merchants of death” selling “the bullets of cyberwar.” Over the next several years, several major media outlets published their own front-page stories on the industry, often with quotes from Soghoian criticizing those providing such hacking software to governments. In an August, 2013 presentation at the hacker conference DEF CON, Soghoian highlighted the existence of a dedicated FBI team that de
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State%20Affair
State Affair was a current affairs program televised in Australia on Seven Network stations BTQ-7, ADS-7, and TVW-7 in the mid 1980s. It was the forerunner to Today Tonight. The first edition aired in 1980 on BTQ-7. ADS-7, launched their edition with weekend news presenter, Guy Blackmore in 1981. The West Australian version followed in 1982. Notable presenters included Simon Reeve (TVW-7) and Keith Conlon (ADS-10, ADS-7). It won a Logie Award in 1982 as the most popular South Australian program. References Seven Network original programming
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hierarchical%20modulation
Hierarchical modulation, also called layered modulation, is one of the signal processing techniques for multiplexing and modulating multiple data streams into one single symbol stream, where base-layer symbols and enhancement-layer symbols are synchronously overlaid before transmission. Hierarchical modulation is particularly used to mitigate the cliff effect in digital television broadcast, particularly mobile TV, by providing a (lower quality) fallback signal in case of weak signals, allowing graceful degradation instead of complete signal loss. It has been widely proven and included in various standards, such as DVB-T, MediaFLO, UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband, a new 3.5th generation mobile network standard developed by 3GPP2), and is under study for DVB-H. Hierarchical modulation is also taken as one of the practical implementations of superposition precoding, which can help achieve the maximum sum rate of broadcast channels. When hierarchical-modulated signals are transmitted, users with good reception and advanced receivers can demodulate multiple layers. For a user with a conventional receiver or poor reception, it may only demodulate the data stream embedded in the base layer. With hierarchical modulation, a network operator can target users of different types with different services or QoS. However, traditional hierarchical modulation suffers from serious inter-layer interference (ILI) with impact on the achievable symbol rate. Example For example, the figure depicts a layering scheme with QPSK base layer, and a 64QAM enhancement layer. The first layer is 2 bits (represented by the green circles). The signal detector only needs to establish which quadrant the signal is in, to recover the value (which is '10', the green circle in the lower right corner). In better signal conditions, the detector can establish the phase and amplitude more precisely, to recover four more bits of data ('1101'). Thus, the base layer carries '10', and the enhancement layer carries '1101'. Inter-layer interference For a hierarchically-modulated symbol with QPSK base layer and 16QAM enhancement layer, the base-layer throughput loss is up to about 1.5 bits/symbol with the total receive signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at about 23 dB, about the minimum needed for the comparable non-hierarchical modulation, 64QAM. But unlayered 16QAM with the same SNR would approach full throughput. This means, due to ILI, about 1.5/4 = 37.5% loss of the base-layer achievable throughput. Furthermore, due to ILI and the imperfect demodulation of base-layer symbols, the demodulation error rate of higher-layer symbols increases too. See also Link adaptation H.264 Scalable Video Coding H.265 scalability extensions (SHVC) AV1 Scalable video coding MPEG-4 SLS MPEG-5 Part 2 / Low Complexity Enhancement Video Coding / LC EVC DTS-HD MA Ogg Vorbis bitrate peeling WavPack hybrid mode JPEG 2000 SNR scalability References H. Méric, J. Lacan, F. Arnal, G. Lesthievent, M.-L. Bouc
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farmhouse%20Kitchen
Farmhouse Kitchen is a cookery series that was produced by Yorkshire Television and aired on the ITV network from 1971 until 1990. It was hosted by Dorothy Sleightholme and later by Grace Mulligan. The programme, which was shown weekly and usually on a weekday afternoon, was aimed at housewives and homemakers, and sought to educate its viewers by presenting visual demonstrations of old-fashioned British cookery as well as thrifty ways to feed a family on a budget. Yorkshire Television published a number of cookbooks containing recipes from the show. Grace Mulligan took over presenting duties in 1982. Celebrity guest cooks such as Mary Berry and Rick Stein were invited onto the programme, and viewers were invited to send in their own recipes to be cooked onscreen, The memorable, vibraphone-heavy theme music was "Fruity Flutes" by Reg Wale. References 1971 British television series debuts 1990 British television series endings 1970s British television series 1980s British cooking television series 1990s British cooking television series British cooking television shows English-language television shows ITV (TV network) original programming Television series by ITV Studios Television series by Yorkshire Television
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan%20Pritsker
A. Alan B. Pritsker (February 5, 1933—August 24, 2000) was an American engineer, pioneer in the field of Operations research, and one of the founders of the field of computer simulation. Over the course of a fifty-five-year career, he made numerous contributions to the field of simulation and to the larger fields of industrial engineering and operations research. Biography Alan Pritsker was born in Philadelphia to Robert and Gertrude Pritsker. He served on the faculties of Arizona State University (1962–69), Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1969–70) and Purdue University (1970-98). In addition to educating many undergraduate-level students in hundreds of traditional academic courses and industrial short courses on simulation, Alan Pritsker compiled a superlative record as an adviser of graduate students. Of the eighteen doctoral students and over sixty master's students who completed their graduate work under his supervision, all are highly successful professionals in academia, government or industry. From 1970 to 1973 he was also the director of Purdue's Center for Large-Scale Systems. During the 1970s and 80s, his activities at Purdue led to what many observers have called the "Golden Age of Simulation". He was a co-founder of Pritsker & Associates, Inc. (1973). He also served as the Board Chair of FACTROL, Inc. (1986–89). When Pritsker Corporation was created in 1989 through the merger of Pritsker & Associates and FACTROL, he served the new company as Board Chair and CEO (1989–91 and 1996–98) and as President and CEO (1991–96). He cofounded the Operations Research Division of AIIE in 1968 and he served as the director of that division from 1968 to 1970. He also co-originated the AIIE Systems Engineering Conference in 1973. Alan Pritsker's service to professional societies was not limited to IIE. From 1973 to 1979, he served the Society for Computer Simulation as the SIMULATION journal's area editor for combined discrete-continuous simulation. Elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 1985, Alan Pritsker enjoyed the distinction of being the second industrial engineer to join that organization. For over fifteen years, he actively served the National Academy of Engineering in many positions of great responsibility. By his leadership in these various professional societies and governmental organizations over the past forty-five years, Alan Pritsker contributed significantly to the dramatic growth of the field of simulation as well as the larger fields of industrial engineering and operations research. In 1966 Alan Pritsker received the "AIIE Distinguished Research Award" and he was elected a Fellow of AIIE in 1978. In 1987 he received the "Arthur Young–VENTURE Magazine Entrepreneur of the Year Award". He also received honorary doctorates from Arizona State University (1992) and Purdue University (1998). It is especially noteworthy that in 1991, he received from IIE the "Frank and Lillian Gilbreth Industrial Engine
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac%20Brandt
Mac Brandt is an American actor best known for his roles as C.O. Mack Andrews on the Fox crime drama Prison Break (2005–06), and as Mac Sullivan on the Audience Network sports drama Kingdom (2014–17). He is a native of the Lombard, Illinois area and a 1998 graduate of Montini Catholic High School, where he served as the president of student government and starting nose guard of the football team. Filmography The Art of Stalking - The Cop (2007) Hammer of the Gods - Baldur The Family Tree - Young Police Officer (2011) The List - The Sentry (2013) Gangster Squad - Bruiser (2013) Sleeping Dogs Lie - Harlow's Lawyer (2014) Venom - Jack the Bartender (2018) Grey Elephant (TBA) Television Prison Break - Mack Andrews (2005–06) Grey's Anatomy - Paramedic 2 in "Sweet Surrender", Paramedic 3 in "Drowning On Dry Land", "A Change is Gonna Come" and "What a Difference a Day Makes" Arrested Development - Coast Guardsman in "Queen Bee", "Borderline Personalities", "Indian Takers" and "Colony Collapse" Kingdom - Mac Sullivan (2014–16) The Night Shift - Mac Reily/Reily (6 episodes, 2016–17) Longmire - Duncan Butler in "A Fog That Won't Lift" and "One Good Memory" Colony - Sgt. Jenkins (2017) The Unit - MP#1 in "The Outsiders" (2007) Without a Trace - Press in "Lost Boy" (2007) Lincoln Heights - Officer Ferguson in "Out with a Bang" (2007) Jericho - Medic in "Condor" (2007) Entourage - Smoke Jumper 2 in "Seth Green Day" (2008) Mental - Darren Knuth in "Book of Judges" (2009) Raising the Bar - Officer Tommy Boozang in "Fine and Dandy" (2009) The Mentalist - Xander in "Red Menace" (2009) Three Rivers - Mick in "Good Intentions" (2009) NCIS: Los Angeles - Mick Benelli in "The Bank Job" (2010) Cold Case - Preston Schmall in "The Last Drive-In" (2010) Bones - Jesse Wilson in "The Twisted Bones in the Melted Truck" (2010) The Event - Mall Cop in "One Will Live, One Will Die" (2011) Harry's Law - Marcus in "There Will Be Blood" (2011) CSI: Miami - Victor Shetland in "A Few Dead Men" (2011) CSI: NY - Nathan Brody in "The Real McCoy" (2012) Hawaii Five-0 - Craig Brant in "Hoa Pili" (2013) Hello Ladies - Drunk Dude in "The Limo" (2013) NCIS - Jake Spoke in "Once a Crook" (2013) The 100 - Tor Lemkin in "Twilight's Last Gleaming" (2014) Gang Related - Warren Davis in "Entre dos tierras" (2014) Hot in Cleveland - Mac in "Win Win" (2014) Castle - Jeremy in "Castle, P.I." (2015) Chasing Life - Vance Madill in "One Day" (2015) Scandal - Captain Weaver in "A Few Good Women" (2015) Major Crimes - Kenny in "Fifth Dynasty" (2015) Rizzoli and Isles - Wally Johnson in Murderjuana (2016) Grimm - Ralph Rotterman in "Tree People" (2016) Supernatural - Bucky Sims in "Celebrating the Life of Asa Fox" (2016) FBI - Brick Peters in "Pilot" (2018) 9-1-1 - Eli in "Chimney Begins" (2019) "Ghost Stories [Halloween]" (2021) Black Jesus - Jake Whiteman in "God's Team" (2019) Lovecraft Country - Lancaster (2020) The Thing About Pam - Det. McCarrick (2022) The Cleaning Lady -Jon Price/The Motel M
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CHKF-FM
CHKF-FM is a radio station that broadcasts multicultural content, including a major Chinese programming block entitled Fairchild Radio at 94.7 FM in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. It is owned by Fairchild Group. CHKF's studios are located on 37th Avenue Northeast in Calgary, while its transmitter is located near the Arbour Lake neighbourhood in northwest Calgary near Stoney Trail. CHKF's programming is primarily Cantonese with some Cambodian, Croatian, Filipino, German, Hindi, Hungarian, Irish, Italian, Japanese, Lao, Macedonian, Mandarin, Polish, Punjabi, Russian, Spanish, Thai, Urdu and Vietnamese programming during the evenings and on weekends. References External links Fairchild Radio CHKF-FM history - Canadian Communications Foundation HKF HKF Radio stations established in 1998 1998 establishments in Alberta
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root%20Sports%20Northwest
Root Sports Northwest is an American regional sports network owned as a 71/29 joint venture between the Seattle Mariners and Warner Bros. Discovery (WBD) respectively, the latter of which operates it through its sports unit as an affiliate of Bally Sports. Headquartered near Seattle in the city of Bellevue, Washington, the channel broadcasts regional coverage of sports events throughout the Pacific Northwest, with a focus on professional sports teams based in Seattle and Portland. It is available on cable providers throughout Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Montana, and Alaska and nationwide on satellite via DirecTV. History Root Sports Northwest was launched in late 1988 as Northwest Cable Sports, by Tele-Communications Inc. and Viacom. Early programming included games from Washington and Washington State Universities and Tacoma Stars soccer games. By 1989, it affiliated with the newly formed Prime Sports Network & was rebranded Prime Sports Northwest. In 1996, News Corporation, which formed a sports division for the Fox network two years earlier after it obtained the broadcast rights to the National Football Conference (NFC) and sought to create a group of regional sports networks, acquired a 50% interest in the Prime Network from Liberty. Later that year on November 1, News Corporation and Liberty Media relaunched the Prime Network affiliates as part of the new Fox Sports Net group, with the Seattle-based network officially rebranding as Fox Sports Northwest. The channel was rebranded as Fox Sports Net Northwest in 2000, as part of a collective brand modification of the FSN networks under the "Fox Sports Net" banner. Subsequently, in 2004, the channel shortened its name to FSN Northwest, through the networks' de-emphasis of the "Fox Sports Net" brand. On December 22, 2006, News Corporation sold its interest in FSN Northwest and sister networks FSN Utah, FSN Pittsburgh and FSN Rocky Mountain to Liberty Media, in an asset trade in which News Corporation also 16.3% traded its 38.5% ownership stake in satellite provider DirecTV for $550 million in cash and stock, in exchange for Liberty Media's stake in the company. On May 4, 2009, DirecTV Group Inc. announced it would become a part of Liberty's entertainment unit, part of which would then be spun off into the separate company under the DirecTV name, in a deal in which Liberty would increase its share in DirecTV from 48% to 54%, with Liberty owner John Malone and his family owning a 24% interest. DirecTV would operate its newly acquired FSN-affiliated networks through DirecTV Sports Networks, a new division formed when the split off from Liberty Media was completed on November 19, 2009. On December 17, 2010, DirecTV Sports Networks announced that its four Fox Sports Networks-affiliated regional outlets would be relaunched under the "Root Sports" brand. The network officially rebranded as Root Sports Northwest on April 1, 2011, with The Dan Patrick Show as the first program under the new Root Sports
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truevision
Truevision, Inc. was a maker of digital video processing add-on boards for PC computers. It was founded by 29 former employees of AT&T's Electronic Photography and Imaging Center (EPICenter). AT&T dissolved later division in 1987. Located in Indianapolis, Indiana, Truevision was later acquired by monitor and graphics card maker RasterOps Corporation of Santa Clara, California, in 1992. RasterOps took on the Truevision name and retained the Indianapolis engineering team, which continued producing increasingly more advanced products, until 1999 when the company was finally acquired by its biggest competitor, Pinnacle Systems. Pinnacle Systems was later acquired by Avid Technology, who initially used the AT-Vista when they were a two-person startup company. History The administrative hierarchy of Truevision developed into a triumvirate shortly after its inception. Joseph Haaf became VP of Sales and Marketing, Carl Calabria was VP of engineering, Cathleen Asch was VP of Administration and Accounting. Each had equal voting power in corporate decisions-making. The company was privately held by employees until purchased by RasterOps in 1992. Beginning as AT&T EPICenter with still-image frame grabber cards like the ICB (image capture board), Truevision Inc. went on to pioneer the desktop digital video editing industry with the introduction of the TARGA videographics card in 1987. Its engineers developed brand new ASICs that were eventually powerful enough to perform real-time operations on live video microscopy, which culminated in the TARGA 2000 digital video processing board in 1998. These HUB chips operated with a memory-centric architecture that simplified the task of third-party developers to integrate TARGA boards into their products. Most notable were Japanese companies Sony and Matsushita (Panasonic), who used TARGA in the heart of several of their video editing workstations. See also Truevision TGA References External links Electronics companies of the United States Film and video technology Graphics hardware companies Defunct software companies of the United States Companies based in Indianapolis Defunct computer companies of the United States
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary%20music
Evolutionary music is the audio counterpart to evolutionary art, whereby algorithmic music is created using an evolutionary algorithm. The process begins with a population of individuals which by some means or other produce audio (e.g. a piece, melody, or loop), which is either initialized randomly or based on human-generated music. Then through the repeated application of computational steps analogous to biological selection, recombination and mutation the aim is for the produced audio to become more musical. Evolutionary sound synthesis is a related technique for generating sounds or synthesizer instruments. Evolutionary music is typically generated using an interactive evolutionary algorithm where the fitness function is the user or audience, as it is difficult to capture the aesthetic qualities of music computationally. However, research into automated measures of musical quality is also active. Evolutionary computation techniques have also been applied to harmonization and accompaniment tasks. The most commonly used evolutionary computation techniques are genetic algorithms and genetic programming. History NEUROGEN (Gibson & Byrne, 1991) employed a genetic algorithm to produce and combine musical fragments and a neural network (trained on examples of "real" music) to evaluate their fitness. A genetic algorithm is also a key part of the improvisation and accompaniment system GenJam which has been developed since 1993 by Al Biles. Biles and GenJam are together known as the Al Biles Virtual Quintet and have performed many times to human audiences. Genetic programming has been used to produce music since the work of Lee Spector and Alpern Alpern on evolved bebop musicians in 1994 and 1995, and in 1997 Brad Johanson and Riccardo Poli developed the GP-Music System which used genetic programming to breed melodies according to both human and automated ratings. Since 1996 Rodney Waschka II has been using genetic algorithms for music composition including works such as Saint Ambrose and his string quartets. Several systems for drum loop evolution have been produced (including one commercial program called MuSing). Recent work The EuroGP Song Contest (a pun on Eurovision Song Contest) was held at EuroGP 2004. In this experiment several tens of users were first tested for their ability to recognise musical differences, and then a short piano-based melody was evolved. Al Biles gave a tutorial on evolutionary music at GECCO 2005 and co-edited a book on the subject with contributions from many researchers in the field. Evolutune is a small Windows application from 2005 for evolving simple loops of "beeps and boops". It has a graphical interface where the user can select parents manually. MusicGenie from 2006 uses genetic programming to evolve compositions in an L-system language based on Holtzman's GCDL human composition language. The GeneticDrummer is a Genetic Algorithm-based system for generating human-competitive rhythm accompanimen
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chefography
Chefography is a television series biography of Food Network personalities. Chefography was created by Baron Corso de Palenzuela. While the name implies that the program features biographies of chefs, it in fact includes both chef and non-chef Food Network personalities. The series airs on Food Network in the United States and Food Network Canada in Canada. Biographies broadcast Mario Batali Laura Calder Paula Deen Giada De Laurentiis Bobby Flay Tyler Florence Ina Garten Emeril Lagasse Nigella Lawson Alexandra Guarnaschelli Sandra Lee Rachael Ray The following Chefographies premiered Monday, April, 7th through Thursday, April 10, 2008: Julia Child (April 7) Duff Goldman (April 10) Wolfgang Puck (April 8) Food Network (April 9) The Following Chefographies premiered Saturday, August 15, 2009: The Neelys (Pat and Gina Neely) Guy Fieri An episode about Robert Irvine was put into production but was pulled from the schedule before the completion of the episode due to controversy surrounding Irvine. External links Food Network show's page Food Network original programming 2005 American television series debuts 2000s American cooking television series 2010s American cooking television series
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INN
INN may stand for: Medicine International nonproprietary name, in pharmaceutics News Independent News Network Independent Network News (disambiguation) Institute for Nonprofit News, formerly known as Investigative News Network InterNetNews news server Israel National News, English name for Israeli media network Arutz Sheva Other Illegal, Non-reported and Non-regulated Fishing, usually known as IUU (Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing) ImagiNation Network The IATA airport code for Innsbruck Kranebitten Airport Interfaith Nutrition Network See also Inn, an establishment for travelers to lodge, eat, and rest Inn (disambiguation)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Ultima%20characters
This is a list of significant or recurring characters in the Ultima series of computer games, indicating the games in which they appeared. The Avatar and Companions Yes : The companion is in that game. No : The companion is not in that game. Join : The companion may join the Avatar's party, or has joined already. AE : An alter-ego of the companion is in that game. AEJ : An alter-ego of the companion is in that game, and may join the Avatar's party. M/R : The companion is only mentioned or referenced in that game. The Avatar The Avatar is the main character in the series. The Avatar is first known as the Stranger from another world, who defeats Mondain, Minax, and their spawn, Exodus. The Stranger becomes the Avatar once his goal changes to following the path of the Virtues, and retrieving the Codex of Ultimate Wisdom from the Great Stygian Abyss. This is noted as one of the first uses of "Avatar" in the virtual context. In the fifth episode, the Avatar defeats a repressive regime over Britannia, and in the sixth he brings peace between men and gargoyles. In the first part of the seventh episode, the Avatar infiltrates the Fellowship in order to stop the Guardian from entering Britannia; in the second part, the Avatar prevents imbalance from destroying the universe and receives the title of the Hierophant of Balance. In the eighth episode, the Avatar escapes the world of Pagan by defeating the four Titans, becoming the Titan of Ether. In the ninth and final episode, the Avatar defeats the Guardian by destroying both himself and the Guardian with the Armageddon spell. The Avatar is also the main character in both Ultima Underworld games. The Avatar can be customized as a male or female in many of the games. Later games allow the customization of skin and hair color as well. The default Avatar is depicted as a blond-haired, blue-eyed male. The character is noted as the first to have a selection between genders and races, and the female version is noted to be "feminine, but not hypersexual." The Avatar's trademark clothing often includes a suit of chain mail, with a white, red or orange tunic over it, and a red cape. An ankh is usually part of the Avatar's clothing. Typically, the character is also shown wielding a sword. In Ultima VIII, the Avatar's face is obscured by a large helmet. The Avatar is voiced by J.C. Shakespeare in Ultima IX. The Avatar was initially designed to be a blank slate through which players could reflect their own personality Ultima was one of the first computer games to allow players to choose their gender and race. However, the Avatar eventually evolved to take on a more specific appearance and character. The Eight Companions The Eight Companions are the ones who join the Stranger in his quest to attain the Avatarhood in Ultima IV (in fact, only seven of them join the Stranger in the game; the one who has the same profession as the Stranger will not join the party, as that profession's role is fulfilled by the
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLHEP
CLHEP (short for A Class Library for High Energy Physics) is a C++ library that provides utility classes for general numerical programming, vector arithmetic, geometry, pseudorandom number generation, and linear algebra, specifically targeted for high energy physics simulation and analysis software. The project is hosted by CERN and currently managed by a collaboration of researchers from CERN and other physics research laboratories and academic institutions. According to the project's website, CLHEP is in maintenance mode (accepting bug fixes but no further development is expected). CLHEP was proposed by Swedish physicist Leif Lönnblad in 1992 at a Conference on Computing in High-Energy Physics. Lönnblad is still involved in maintaining CLHEP. The project has more recently accepted contributions from other projects built on top of CLHEP, including the physics packages Geant4 and ZOOM, and the BaBar experiment at SLAC. See also Geant4, a software using CLHEP FreeHEP, a similar library to CLHEP COLT, a Java package for High Performance Scientific and Technical Computing, provided by CERN. References External links Project CLHEP website CLHEP User Guide CLHEP at CERN Physics software CERN software
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/True%20wireless
True wireless may refer to: The True Wireless, a 1919 article by Nikola Tesla; see World Wireless System Wireless wide area network True wireless headphones
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narrow-gauge%20railways%20in%20Australia
Rail transport in Australia involves a number of narrow-gauge railways. In some states they formed the core statewide network, but in the others they were either a few government branch lines, or privately owned and operated branch lines, often for mining, logging or industrial use. Prior to becoming an independent unified country in 1901, each of the six British colonies in Australia was responsible for rail transport infrastructure. Of the six colonies, only three (Queensland, Western Australia, and Tasmania) opted for narrow gauge railways. The other colonies (later states) opted for either standard-gauge or broad-gauge railways, maintaining only limited narrow-gauge rail lines, except for South Australia, which wavered between narrow and broad. As a result of this legacy, Australian railways are a confusing mix of all three gauges. Over time most of the mainland lines of whatever gauge linked up with inconvenient break-of-gauge stations where they met, including the infamous Albury railway station on the Albury–Wodonga line from Melbourne to Sydney. Some lines remained isolated because they were cut off by long stretches of desert. By state Queensland The massive narrow-gauge coal trains of the Queensland Railway with 100 wagons and 2 midtrain electric locomotives show what is possible with narrow gauge with modern equipment and tracklaying techniques. In 1865, the brief given to Queensland Railways was to build a semi-mountainous line in very sparsely populated territory, and it chose light rails, sharp curves, a small loading-gauge, light engines and rolling stock, 32 km/h speeds to make a limited budget go a long way. A clever salesman convinced the Queensland government that a narrow gauge would save money, and do the job for a hundred years. Queensland Railways was the first mainline narrow-gauge railway in the world. Its tracks would eventually extend to around 9000 km. In the intervening century, the rails have been replaced with heavier rails, there are now concrete sleepers and colour light signals, sharp curves have been straightened, tunnels have been opened out. The one thing that hasn't changed is the narrow gauge, even though the rest of the country is converting its main lines to the standard gauge . Queensland Rail also operates the iconic QR Tilt Train, with a recommended maximum speed of 165 km/h. This train currently holds the Australian Railway Speed Record of 210.7 km/h. Dual gauge has been added to give access from the interstate standard-gauge line to the Port of Brisbane. Dual gauge is also proposed to convert the standard-gauge interstate line for use by narrow-gauge commuter trains. Queensland also has extensive sugar cane tramways of gauge. These cane tramways sometimes use second-hand standard-gauge shunting locomotives suitably regauged. The cane trams regularly haul over 500 tonnes of raw cane at a time, and because there are no continuous brakes, they may have a radio-controlled brake van couple
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WDJC-FM
WDJC-FM (93.7 FM) is a radio station licensed to Birmingham, Alabama. The station was one of the first commercial FM radio stations in the United States to exclusively feature Christian programming. Today the station programs contemporary Christian music. Owned by Crawford Broadcasting Company, WDJC-FM's transmitter tower is in Southwest Birmingham, and its studios are located in Homewood. History WSGN-FM The initial occupant of the 93.7 frequency in Birmingham was WSGN-FM. The station signed on in 1947; it was originally owned by the parent company of The Birmingham News, and it was the sister station of one of the more popular AM radio stations in Birmingham. In 1953, the parent company of The News purchased WAFM-TV, WAPI and WAFM-FM and was forced to sell WSGN-AM and FM to Jemison Broadcasting Company and then to Winston-Salem Broadcasting Company. Because FM radio was in its infancy, and as such neither popular nor profitable, the station was shut down in 1955. WSFM On a new license, James Melonas built a new station at 93.7 FM in 1958. This station bore the call letters WSFM and featured a classical music format. In 1967, Melonas, who struggled through most of his ownership to get advertisers to sponsor classical music programming, sold the frequency to Crawford Broadcasting Company. With its new call letters, WDJC, the station changed formats and began broadcasting Christian programming. Initially, the programming consisted of Bible studies, church services and other Christian teaching; by the mid-1970s, some contemporary Christian music was added to the programming mix (it is believed that only Huntsville's now-defunct WNDA—now WRTT-FM—was the only other station in the state to do so at the time). At about the same time, a nightly program featuring Southern gospel music, the Dixie Gospel Caravan, was added. This programming strategy continued well into the 1990s. After an AM sister station was named WDJC, this station was assigned the WDJC-FM call letters by the Federal Communications Commission on December 4, 1978. On December 1, 1981, the station resumed its former WDJC call letters. The station was reassigned the current WDJC-FM call letters by the Federal Communications Commission on June 3, 1994. In 1998, WDJC-FM dropped the non-music elements of its programming. WFMH-FM in Cullman was purchased by a group of Birmingham investors with the purpose of launching a station that would play contemporary Christian music 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Initially, the new station, rebranded as WRRS-FM proved to be a challenger to WDJC-FM; in reaction to the challenge, WDJC-FM began to play contemporary Christian music exclusively. Within three years, WRRS changed formats; ironically, Crawford Broadcasting bought the competing station in 2003 and changed its format to talk radio. WDJC-FMHD3 carried "99.1 The Game" (NBC Sports Radio) until November 10, 2017, also via W256CD, which is now carrying WQEN-HD3/WDXB-HD2 Alt 99.1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spookley%20the%20Square%20Pumpkin
Spookley the Square Pumpkin is a 2004 computer-animated film about a geometric pumpkin based on the book The Legend of Spookley the Square Pumpkin by Joe Troiano. It was made by Holiday Hill Farm and released by Kidtoon Films and Lionsgate. The Honeydoos, three singing honeydews who sing in the style of The Pointer Sisters, are also featured. Bobby Pickett makes a brief cameo near the end of the film; his hit song "Monster Mash" is mentioned in one of the musical numbers "Transylvania Twist". Troiano and Zahn had previously written new music for Pickett's 1995 film adaptation of Monster Mash. Spookley's Favorite Halloween Songs was released in 2012. Several Spookley the Square Pumpkin activity books were also released. A sequel, Spookley and the Christmas Kittens, was released in December 6, 2019, on Disney Junior. A 12-minute short The Spookley Easter Show released on Disney Junior on April 8, 2022. Plot Two bats who live at Holiday Hill Farm, bug-eating Boris and bug-loving vegetarian Bella, discover an unusual sight in the pumpkin patch and rush to inform the farm's scarecrow, Jack, of their find, which is a young, innocent pumpkin named Spookley, who is unusually square-shaped instead of round. Jack takes a liking to Spookley, but Little Tom, a small pumpkin attached by a vine to the much larger Big Tom, immediately begins bullying and body shaming Spookley and states that only round pumpkins are real pumpkins. Jack quickly puts a stop to Little Tom's teasing. Jack organizes the pumpkins in the patch to compete in the 'Jack-o-Lympics' contest, an athletic competition designed to determine the "Pick of the Patch." Three spiders named Edgar, Allan, and Poe (after the famous author Edgar Allan Poe), who show superficial sympathy for Spookley, decide to help him in the Jack-o-Lympics just so they can help themselves to the prize, a crown made of candy corn. Throughout the competition, Big Tom and Little Tom are repeatedly disqualified for using their vine to give them an unfair advantage, leaving third-place finisher Bobo, a vain female pumpkin, to win most of the events. Spookley turns out to be a total failure at all the events, leaving him discouraged. As Bobo is crowned the winner and the spiders abandon Spookley to help themselves to her crown, a severe wind storm hits the pumpkin patch, pushing the pumpkins all over and pinning Jack under a flaming tree branch. Spookley, because he is square, does not roll away when the wind hits him unlike the other pumpkins, and, through some moments of ingenuity, rescues Jack from being burned alive and his fellow pumpkins from being washed away in the river. The other pumpkins express gratitude to Spookley for saving them, and he is hailed a hero. After the storm, the farmer goes into the patch to assess the storm damage and discovers Spookley. The farmer is charmed by Spookley's unique shape and decides to make the square pumpkin his own personal jack-o'-lantern. Cast Sonja Ball as Spookley
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch%20Holthus
Mitchell G. Holthus (; born June 28, 1957), is the play-by-play announcer for the Kansas City Chiefs Radio Network. Holthus is fondly nicknamed "the voice of the Chiefs", and he hosts various programs and events for the Chiefs organization's 65TPT production arm for broadcast as well as Chiefs Radio Network and the NFL team's YouTube channel. He was on call for Super Bowls LIV and LVII when the Chiefs won the second and third NFL national championships in Chiefs franchise history. Holthus also hosts the Chiefs Insider program, Defending the Kingdom podcast, Chiefs Rewind and is a contributor with the Chiefs Senior Team Reporter Matt McMullen on Chiefs Field Pass. He also hosts the award-winning "Minute With Mitch" television and radio series that is seen and heard in five states. Early life Holthus was born at Fort Lewis, Washington, while his father was in the U.S. Army, and grew up on the family farm near Smith Center, Kansas after his father left the Army. He began his broadcasting career while still in Smith Center High School, with his mentor Tad Felts for radio station KKAN in nearby Phillipsburg, Kansas. Holthus graduated with two separate degrees from Kansas State University with a Bachelors in Journalism and a Bachelors in Business Administration. He was named K-State Ambassador while a student there. Broadcast career After graduating from K-State with his second undergraduate degree, Holthus worked in Pratt, KS for radio station KWLS. In 1983, he moved to WIBW radio and TV in Topeka, KS. There Holthus began a 13-year stint on the K-State Radio Network, as the "Voice of the K-State Wildcats." In addition, Holthus was very involved with marketing for both the Network and the K-State athletic department. He started the Jr. Wildcat Club in 1989 and was named K-State Catbacker of the Year in 1993. Holthus then became the "Voice of the Kansas City Chiefs" in 1994, making him the longest tenured play-by-play announcer in Chiefs history. Holthus also was a television basketball play-by-play announcer for 28 seasons, and his work was featured on the ESPN family of networks, FOX Regional Networks and other national outlets. He served the Missouri Valley Conference for 26 seasons as their main play-by-play announcer and was awarded the "John Sanders Spirit of the Valley" Award in 2007. Holthus is a past President of the National Sports Media Association and also served on its Board of Directors. Holthus is a five-time Emmy winner for his on camera and online work from Academy of Television Arts and Sciences. Personal life He is married to the former Tami Johnson of McPherson, Kansas, a former Kansas State women's basketball player. They have two children. Holthus often sends a radio "shout out" to the Roxbury Fan Club, a greeting to members of his family that live near Roxbury, Kansas. Holthus is a Christian. Awards 8-time Kansas Sportscaster of the Year 9-time winner Kansas Broadcasters Association best play-by-play sportscast. 1996 "Hod H
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutter%20Prize
The Hutter Prize is a cash prize funded by Marcus Hutter which rewards data compression improvements on a specific 1 GB English text file, with the goal of encouraging research in artificial intelligence (AI). Launched in 2006, the prize awards 5000 euros for each one percent improvement (with 500,000 euros total funding) in the compressed size of the file enwik9, which is the larger of two files used in the Large Text Compression Benchmark (LTCB); enwik9 consists of the first 109 bytes of a specific version of English Wikipedia. The ongoing competition is organized by Hutter, Matt Mahoney, and Jim Bowery. , the text data of enwik8 and enwik9 remains a key tool for evaluating the performance of compression algorithms (as done in Hutter's LTCB) and of language models. Goals The goal of the Hutter Prize is to encourage research in artificial intelligence (AI). The organizers believe that text compression and AI are equivalent problems. Hutter proved that the optimal behavior of a goal-seeking agent in an unknown but computable environment is to guess at each step that the environment is probably controlled by one of the shortest programs consistent with all interaction so far. However, there is no general solution because Kolmogorov complexity is not computable. Hutter proved that in the restricted case (called AIXItl) where the environment is restricted to time t and space l, a solution can be computed in time O(t2l), which is still intractable. The organizers further believe that compressing natural language text is a hard AI problem, equivalent to passing the Turing test. Thus, progress toward one goal represents progress toward the other. They argue that predicting which characters are most likely to occur next in a text sequence requires vast real-world knowledge. A text compressor must solve the same problem in order to assign the shortest codes to the most likely text sequences. Most large language models and neural network models are not eligible for the Hutter Prize, as they do not meet the Hutter Prize's requirements for computation and RAM (see ). Large language models typically require GPUs to run efficiently, and higher-end models like OpenAI's GPT series require state-of-the-art GPUs such as NVidia's to run. Thus, although neural network-based approaches holding the record for enwik9 compression by a substantial margin, no winning algorithm to date has used these models. Rules The contest is open-ended. It is open to everyone. To enter, a competitor must submit a compression program and a decompressor that decompresses to the file enwik9. It is also possible to submit a compressed file instead of the compression program. The total size of the compressed file and decompressor (as a Win32 or Linux executable) must be less than or equal 99% of the previous prize winning entry. For each one percent improvement, the competitor wins 5,000 euros. Submissions must be published in order to allow independent verification. There is a 30-d
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software%20Updater
In several Linux operating systems, the Software Updater program updates installed software and their associated packages with important software updates for security or with recommended patches. It also informs users when updates are available, listing them in alphabetical order for users to choose which updates to install, if any. It was originally written for Ubuntu, although it is now part of other APT-based systems. The application was originally called Update Manager; it was announced in May 2012 that starting with Ubuntu 12.10 the name would change to Software Updater to better describe its functions. Technically the rename only affected the GUI; the name of the APT package containing the application, the executable file itself, and internally the software itself, still use the name update-manager. The Software Updater cannot uninstall updates, although this can be accomplished by other package managers such as Ubuntu Software Center and more technically advanced ones such as Synaptic. In Ubuntu, the Software Updater can update the operating system to new versions which are released every six months for standard releases or every two years for Long Term Support releases. This functionality is included by default in the desktop version but needs to be added to the server version. Distributions that use the Software Updater Kubuntu Ubuntu Ubuntu GNOME Ubuntu Kylin Ubuntu MATE Xubuntu Zorin OS See also Advanced Packaging Tool KPackage Package management system Synaptic (software) Ubuntu Software Center References External links Linux package management-related software Package management software that uses GTK Software update managers Ubuntu
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information%20Harvesting
Information Harvesting (IH) was an early data mining product from the 1990s. It was invented by Ralphe Wiggins and produced by the Ryan Corp, later Information Harvesting Inc., of Cambridge, Massachusetts. Wiggins had a background in genetic algorithms and fuzzy logic. IH sought to infer rules from sets of data. It did this first by classifying various input variables into one of a number of bins, thereby putting some structure on the continuous variables in the input. IH then proceeds to generate rules, trading off generalization against memorization, that will infer the value of the prediction variable, possibly creating many levels of rules in the process. It included strategies for checking if overfitting took place and, if so, correcting for it. Because of its strategies for correcting for overfitting by considering more data, and refining the rules based on that data, IH might also be considered to be a form of machine learning. The advantage of IH, as compared with other data mining products of its time and even later, was that it provided a mechanism for finding multiple rules that would classify the data and determining, according to set criteria, the best rules to use. References Data mining and machine learning software
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TAMDAR
TAMDAR (Tropospheric Airborne Meteorological Data Reporting) is a weather monitoring system that consists of an in situ atmospheric sensor mounted on commercial aircraft for data gathering. It collects information similar to that collected by radiosondes carried aloft by weather balloons. It was developed by AirDat LLC, which was acquired by Panasonic Avionics Corporation in April 2013 and was operated until October 2018 under the name Panasonic Weather Solutions. It is now owned by FLYHT Aerospace Solutions Ltd. History In response to a governmental aviation safety initiative in the early 2000s, NASA, in partnership with the FAA, NOAA, and private industry, sponsored the early development and evaluation of a proprietary multifunction in situ atmospheric sensor for aircraft. The predecessor to Panasonic Weather Solutions, AirDat (formerly ODS of Rapid City, SD), located in Morrisville, North Carolina and Lakewood, Colorado, was formed in 2003 to develop and deploy the Tropospheric Airborne Meteorological Data Reporting (TAMDAR) system based on requirements provided by the Global Systems Division (GSD) of NOAA's Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL), the FAA, and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). The TAMDAR sensor was originally deployed in December 2004 on a fleet of 63 Saab SF340 aircraft operated by Mesaba Airlines in the Great Lakes region of the United States as a part of the NASA-sponsored Great Lakes Fleet Experiment (GLFE). Over the last twelve years, equipage of the sensors has expanded beyond the continental US to include Alaska, the Caribbean, Mexico, Central America, Europe, and Asia. Airlines flying the system include Icelandair, Horizon (Alaska Air Group), Chautauqua (Republic Airways), Piedmont (American Airlines), AeroMéxico, Ravn Alaska, Hageland, PenAir, Silver Airways, and Flybe, as well as a few research aircraft including the UK Met Office BAe-146 FAAM aircraft. Recently, an installation agreement has been reached with a large Southeast Asian airline as well. The TAMDAR system has been in continuous operation since its initial deployment in December 2004. In 2014, TAMDAR data began being implemented in the national mesonet program consisting of NOAA and its partners. In October 2018, Panasonic Weather Solutions was acquired by FLYHT Aerospace Solutions, which has integrated TAMDAR with its AFIRs hardware package for airplanes (providing real-time data transmission via satellite connection). System capabilities TAMDAR observations include temperature, pressure, winds aloft, relative humidity (RH), icing, and turbulence that are critical to both aviation safety and the operational efficiency of the U.S. National Airspace System (NAS) and other world airspace management systems as well as other weather-dependent operational environments such as maritime, defence, and energy. Additionally, each observation includes GPS-derived horizontal and vertical (altitude) coordinates, as well as a time stamp to the neare
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quine
Quine may refer to: Quine (surname), people with the surname Quine Willard Van Orman Quine, the philosopher, or things named after him: Quine (computing), a program that produces its source code as output Quine–McCluskey algorithm, an algorithm used for logic minimization Quine's paradox, in logic Duhem–Quine thesis, in philosophy of science Quine–Putnam indispensability argument, in philosophy of mathematics
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloria%20Abbott%20Bardwell
Gloria Abbott Bardwell is a fictional character from The Young and the Restless, an American soap opera on the CBS network. The role was originated by Joan Van Ark on April 6, 2004, who portrayed the role until 2005, with Judith Chapman assuming the role on January 17, 2005. She is the mother of Michael Baldwin (Christian LeBlanc) and Kevin Fisher (Greg Rikaart). She is known for attracting troublesome men, and being quite troublesome herself. Gloria can be naive at times, always taking things to the extreme. Known for her over-the-top personality, she owned and operated Gloworm, the hottest Genoa City club, until it burned down. Casting In March 2004, it was reported that former Knots Landing star Joan Van Ark would join The Young and the Restless as Gloria Fisher, mother of Michael Baldwin and Kevin Fisher. CBS reportedly wanted a "big name" star to tackle the role of Gloria. Van Ark debuted on April 6, 2004. By December, news broke that Van Ark had decided to leave The Young and the Restless because she was unaccustomed to the rigors of daytime television, including the long work days and the fast turnaround on scripts and production. Within weeks, the role was recast with Judith Chapman; Van Ark was last seen on January 7, 2005, and Chapman assumed the role on January 17, 2005. In March 2011, it was announced that Chapman had been taken off her contract and bumped to a recurring status. In October 2014, it was announced that Chapman would appear as Gloria on the soap opera's sister series, The Bold and the Beautiful, with her scenes airing the following month. In September 2015, Chapman stated on her Facebook page that she had "no idea" whether or not she would ever be asked back to The Young and the Restless, writing that she personally believed she would never return. In November 2016, however, upon the installation of Sally Sussman as co-executive producer and head writer, Chapman was announced to be returning to The Young and the Restless the following month for an unspecified amount of time. Upon her return, the actress stated: "This is all such a nice surprise. I had truly made peace with the idea that I would never be called back to the show." She last appeared on October 1, 2018. In September 2020, it was announced Chapman would again reprise the role; she returned October 20. Development Gloria is known for her larger-than-life personality. According to Chapman, "She makes gallons of lemonade when the world gives her lemons!" Chapman also admires Gloria's resilience: "Somehow she just keeps finding the bright things. She gets very depressed of course, but the universe keeps throwing her a bone. I love that about her; that she's willing to pick herself up by the boot straps. Even though her intentions and her judgments are often times misguided. Gloria is not a malicious person, but she will certainly take every opportunity to improve her lot in life!" On October 21, 2014, Michael Logan from TV Guide reported that Chapman would
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Computer%20Wore%20Tennis%20Shoes%20%281995%20film%29
The Computer Wore Tennis Shoes is a 1995 American made-for-television science fiction comedy film directed by Peyton Reed (in his feature directorial debut) and written by Joseph L. McEveety and Ryan Rowe. The film is a remake of the 1969 film of the same name. It premiered on ABC as an ABC Family Movie on February 18, 1995. It is the second in a series of four remakes of Disney live-action films produced for broadcast on the network during the 1994–95 television season, the other three being The Shaggy Dog, Escape to Witch Mountain, and Freaky Friday. The film stars Kirk Cameron in the lead role of Dexter Riley, a boy who becomes an instant genius, with encyclopedic knowledge. The film also co-stars Larry Miller and Dean Jones plays the role of an evil dean from a competing school. Plot Dexter, a once lazy and underachieving student at Medfield College, becomes an instant genius when a freak computer lab accident transfers an entire online encyclopedia to his brain. He uses his newfound intellect to ace a physics midterm in under ten minutes. The dean of Medfield College wishes to capitalize on Dexter’s superb intelligence by placing him on the school's quiz bowl team and allowing him to recruit his friends as teammates. Medfield College wins several quiz bowls matches with Dexter exclusively answering every question. He receives national recognition and generates positive publicity for Medfield College. Dexter's success also has a negative impact. His friends believe he is becoming too conceited and contemplate leaving the quiz bowl team. Norwood Gill, a child prodigy and computer hacker from a rival school, develops an obsession with Dexter, and probes into his background. Government agents also investigate Dexter as a potential computer hacker known as "Viper". Norwood ultimately uncovers the origin of Dexter's intellect. He exposes the information during a quiz bowl broadcast, but the revelation is largely dismissed by the audience. As Norwood prepares to compete against Dexter in the quiz bowl championship, he infects him with a computer virus that negates his encyclopedic knowledge. The virus takes full-effect midway through the championship, forcing Dexter to rely on his teammates for support. Medfield College ultimately wins the championship and celebrates. Norwood is apprehended by government agents for committing several cybercrimes. Cast Cast as listed in end credits Uncredited Julia Sweeney (television reporter) Reception Variety gave the film a moderately positive review, calling it an "utterly silly yarn" that "lacks the zaniness of the original", and complimented Larry Miller's performance. People gave it a B+ rating and called it a "fun, facile remake" with a good cast. References External links 1995 television films 1995 films 1995 comedy films 1995 science fiction films 1990s American films 1990s English-language films 1990s science fiction comedy films ABC network original films American comedy television film
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Context-aware%20pervasive%20systems
Context-aware computing refers to a general class of mobile systems that can sense their physical environment, and adapt their behavior accordingly. Three important aspects of context are: where you are; who you are with; and what resources are nearby. Although location is a primary capability, location-aware does not necessarily capture things of interest that are mobile or changing. Context-aware in contrast is used more generally to include nearby people, devices, lighting, noise level, network availability, and even the social situation, e.g., whether you are with your family or a friend from school. History The concept emerged from ubiquitous computing research at Xerox PARC and elsewhere in the early 1990s. The term 'context-aware' was first used by Schilit and Theimer in their 1994 paper Disseminating Active Map Information to Mobile Hosts where they describe a model of computing in which users interact with many different mobile and stationary computers and classify a context-aware systems as one that can adapt according to its location of use, the collection of nearby people and objects, as well as the changes to those objects over time over the course of the day. See also Ambient intelligence Context awareness Differentiated service (design pattern) Locative Media References Further reading A Survey of Context Data Distribution for Mobile Ubiquitous Systems. P. Bellavista, A. Corradi, M. Fanelli, L. Foschini. ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR), ACM Press, expected to appear in Vol. 45, No. 1, March 2013, pages 1–49. Context and Adaptivity in Pervasive Computing Environments: Links with Software Engineering and Ontological Engineering. A. Soylu, P. De Causmaecker, P. Desmet. Journal of Software, Vol 4, No 9 (2009), 992-1013, November 2009 Context-Aware Computing Applications . Bill N. Schilit, Norman I. Adams, and Roy Want. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications, Santa Cruz, CA, December 1994. Pages 85–90. IEEE Computer Society. A Service-Oriented Middleware for Building Context-Aware Services. T. Gu, H. K. Pung, D. Zhang. Elsevier Journal of Network and Computer Applications (JNCA), Vol. 28, Issue 1, pp. 1–18, January 2005. X. Wang, J. S. Dong, C. Chin, S. R. Hettiarachchi and D. Zhang. Semantic Space: A Semantic Web Infrastructure for Smart Spaces. IEEE Pervasive Computing, 3(3):32-39, July–September 2004 Towards an Cooperative Programming Framework for Context-Aware Applications. B. Guo, D. Zhang, M. Imai. ACM/Springer Journal of Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, Vol. 15, No. 3, pp. 221–233, 2011. Context-Aware Pervasive Systems: Architectures for a New Breed of Applications by Seng W. Loke. Context Modeling and Reasoning using Ontologies . Feruzan Ay, 2007: The paper gives an introduction to context modeling and reasoning in the area of pervasive computing. Context-Aware Information Delivery. An Application in the Health Care Domain. J.JAHNKE, Y.BYCHKOV, D.DAHLEM, L.KAWASME. Revue
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KYIX
KYIX (104.9 FM) is a repeater station for the Air1 Radio Network based in Chico, California and licensed to South Oroville, California. It is owned by Butte Broadcasting Company, Inc., which owns and operates sister station KKXX. Brief history KYIX was originally a locally-run Christian station managed by Ron and Sarah Warkentin, later Randy and Monica Zachary of Reality Radio Ministries and was known as Reality Radio Y105. It then became a part of the Radio U network before being picked up by Air 1. External links YIX Air1 radio stations Radio stations established in 1994 1994 establishments in California YIX Contemporary Christian radio stations in the United States
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RavMonE.exe
RavMonE, also known as RJump, is a Trojan that opens a backdoor on computers running Microsoft Windows. Once a computer is infected, the virus allows unauthorized users to gain access to the computer's contents. This poses a security risk for the infected machine's user, as the attacker can steal personal information, and use the computer as an access point into an internal network. RavMonE was made famous in September 2006 when a number of iPod videos were shipped with the virus already installed. Because the virus only infects Windows computers, it can be inferred that Apple's contracted manufacturer was not using Macintosh computers. Apple came under some public criticism for releasing the virus with their product. Description RavMonE is a worm written in the Python scripting language and was converted into a Windows executable file using the Py2Exe tool. It attempts to spread by copying itself to mapped and removable storage drives. It can be transmitted by opening infected email attachments and downloading infected files from the Internet. It can also be spread through removable media, such as CD-ROMs, flash memory, digital cameras and multimedia players. Action Once the virus is executed, it performs the following tasks. It copies itself to %WINDIR% as RavMonE.exe. It adds the value "RavAV" = "%WINDIR%\RavMonE.exe" to the registry key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run. It opens a random port and accepts remote commands. It creates a log file RavMonLog to store the port number. It posts a HTTP request to advise the attacker of the infected computer's IP address and the number of the port opened. When a removable storage device is connected to the infected computer it copies the following files to that device: autorun.inf - a script to execute the worm the next time the device is connected to a computer msvcr71.dll - in case the target device lacks this support, Microsoft C Runtime Library module containing standard functions such as to copy memory and print to the console ravmon.exe - a copy of the worm Aliases BackdoorRajump (Symantec) W32/JisxA.worm (Panda) W32/RJump-C (Sophos) W32/RJumpA!worm (Fortinet) Win32/RJumpA (ESET) Win32/RJumpA!Worm (CA) WormRJumpA (BitDefender) WormWin32RJump.a (Kaspersky) Worm/RjumpE (Avira) WORM_SIWEOLB (TrendMicro) Worm/GenericAMR (AVG) INF:RJump[Trj](Avast!) See also List of computer viruses (L-R) References External links Alphabetically by publisher: Computer worms Trojan horses
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NavPix
NavPix is the proprietary name applied by Navman to its technology that combines an image with geographical data. The "NavPix" name is used for both the software and the geo-referenced image that results from that software. NavPix software The NavPix technology enables users to take a JPEG image using the integrated digital camera on the N Series ("N" for NavPix), iCN 720 or iCN 750 portable Navman GPS navigation devices. The Navman's GPS (Global Positioning System) receiver determines the latitude and longitude of where that image was taken. That information is then written into the image's Exif (Exchangeable image file format) meta data by the NavPix software. The NavPix, therefore, effectively provides a Georeference of the location where the image was taken, which is not necessarily the same georeference as the object being "NavPix-ed". The NavPix image can then be used to define a destination or point of interest on compatible Navman devices. NavPix sources Furthermore, as the geographical information is written to the meta data, the image itself can be shared between compatible devices or uploaded to Navman's NavPix Library which offers a wide range of NavPix images that have been taken by both Navman users and sourced from professional photo providers, including Lonely Planet. The NavPix Library also enables people to upload non-NavPix images (including other formats such as GIF) and convert them to NavPix images by using entering either the latitude and longitude they want to associate with the image or by entering the address and using the Library's software to generate the latitude and longitude values based on a Postal code look-up. Unlike some geo-referencing applications, the NavPix Library writes the georeference values to the image itself via the Exif meta data. Common Misconceptions The photo taking abilities do not help navigation. See also GPS eXchange Format (XML schema for interchange of waypoints) External links NavPix Library GPS GIS file formats Global Positioning System Navigation Navigational equipment Geographical technology
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Just%20Jordan
Just Jordan is an American television sitcom created by Alison Taylor. It aired on Nickelodeon as a part of the network's TEENick lineup. The series debuted on January 7, 2007, and ended its run on August 23, 2008, with 29 episodes produced. BET aired reruns of the series until 2010. After several years, reruns made a short-lived return on MTV2, with only 6 episodes airing on October 16, 2016. Premise The show follows the exploits and actions of Jordan Lewis, who has moved to Los Angeles from Little Rock. He has to work in his gruff grandfather's diner, and survive with a silly younger sister, a critical cousin, and his over-protective mom who seems to know all his misdeeds before he even conceives of them. Production The first season of Just Jordan had 13 episodes, and ran from January 7, 2007, to August 10, 2007. The second season, which was filmed in front of a live studio audience, began September 16, 2007 and ended on March 2, 2008, with the two-part episode "Picture Me Rollin'". The third season saw only three episodes produced, which were later added to season two. Production of the series was halted due to the 2007–08 writer's strike, with Nickelodeon making the decision to cancel the series after season two. In all, the second season had a total of 16 episodes. Characters Jordan James Lewis (played by Lil' JJ) is 16-years-old and the main character of the series. Jordan usually speaks his mind before thinking about it. His parents are divorced, and he moved with his mother and sister from Arkansas to Los Angeles to live with their grandfather. His best friends are Joaquin Montez and Tony Lee. He enjoys basketball, and works at his grandfather's grill. In the first season, he went out with Tamika, but they broke up by the second season. Jordan's new love interest is Autumn Williams. Joaquin Osmando Montez (played by Eddy Martin) is the best friend of Jordan Lewis. He is planning a career in politics (just like the rest of his family other than his dad who is a police officer) and does not like to make mistakes because they might end up on his "permanent record". He is counting on Jordan and his other friends to make him more "social". Tony Lee (played by Justin Chon) is Jordan's other best friend, and sometimes rival. They began as rivals on the basketball court, but when Tony took a job at Grandpa's restaurant Jordan and Tony became best friends. Tony and Jordan are constantly competing for girls, especially Autumn, Jordan's new interest. Tangie Cunningham (played by Raven Goodwin) is Jordan and Monica's cousin and his toughest critic. She is concerned that Jordan's image will have in cool in the big city of L.A. Tangie is obsessed with Tony and one of her main goals is to pass Oprah Winfrey in fame and in wealth. She has a crush on Tony as seen in all of the episodes so far. Monica Lewis (played by Kristen Combs) is Jordan's 9-year-old sister who has him tracked down 24/7. Jordan doesn't mind his sister and always wants to kno
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S4%20Index
The Index is a standard index used to measure ionospheric disturbances. It is defined as the ratio of the standard deviation of signal intensity to the average signal intensity. Real Time data This parameter is displayed in real time by many institutions: at Arecibo Observatory at Cornell University at INPE, in Brasil References Ionosphere
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deal%20or%20No%20Deal%20Canada
Deal or No Deal Canada is the Canadian-English version of the show Deal or No Deal, which premiered on February 4, 2007. The show ran on the Global Television Network, and lasted five episodes. The host of the U.S. version, Canadian-born Howie Mandel, hosts the Canadian version of the show. The producer and director of the United States version, Scott St. John and R. Brian DiPirro, respectively, also went to Canada to produce this version. The show was taped at the Canadian Broadcasting Centre in Toronto on January 23, 24, and 25, 2007 after receiving 112,767 applicants from prospective players. The first episode aired on Sunday, February 4, 2007. This episode attracted 2.7 million viewers, making it the single highest-rated Canadian program ever on Global. The remaining episodes aired over the following four consecutive Thursdays, with the finale on March 1, 2007. Despite the show's success in its brief five-episode run, Global never picked up the show for a full-season run. Case values The amounts remain the same as the American edition, except for the re-labeling of the $1 value using the common nickname "Loonie", the addition of a "Toonie", the $2 case, and the removal of the $400,000 value. All amounts are in Canadian dollars, (tax-free). Canada's Case Game Presented by ET Canada correspondent Rick Campanelli, Canada's Case Game is modeled after the American Lucky Case Game. During commercials, five cases are displayed by a selection of the models. Viewers are invited to choose a case by texting the Deal or No Deal number, (at a cost of $1 per message) or entering the Global TV website, with the winning case displayed at the end of the program. All those who selected the winning case was entered in the draw for a grand prize. However, the prize in the Case Game is not cash; prizes that were offered included a Pontiac G6 convertible (in connection with Pontiac's sponsorship of the show) and trips for 12 from Sunquest Vacations. In the first episode, entry volume was so high that the contest had to be extended one hour. Winners of Canada's Case Game are revealed the following evening on ET Canada. Sponsors and cross-placement In addition to Pontiac, Rogers is also a main sponsor of Deal or No Deal Canada. The red-coloured telephone on the show is product placement for Rogers. See also Le Banquier References External links Official Website (via Internet Archive) 2007 Canadian television series debuts 2007 Canadian television series endings 2000s Canadian game shows Deal or No Deal Global Television Network original programming Television shows filmed in Toronto Television series by Corus Entertainment Canadian television series based on Dutch television series
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engine%20%28computer%20science%29
An engine is a continuation-based construct that provides timed preemption. Engines which can contain other engines are sometimes called Nesters and engines which do not have this ability are then called flat engines or "solo engines". To implement timed preemption there needs to be a clock. This clock can measure real time or simulated time. Simulated time can be implemented in a language like Scheme, by making each function start with decrementing the clock. (define-syntax timed-lambda ((_ formals exp1 exp2 ...) (lambda formals (decrement-timer) exp1 exp2 ...)))) References Control flow Continuations
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistics%20%28disambiguation%29
Statistics is a mathematical science pertaining to the collection, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of data. Statistic may also refer to: Statistic, the result of applying a statistical algorithm to a set of data Statistic (role-playing games), a piece of data which represents a particular aspect of a fictional character Statistics (band), an American rock band "Statistics" (song), by Lyfe Jennings, 2010
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LIRC
LIRC (Linux Infrared remote control) is an open source package that allows users to receive and send infrared signals with a Linux-based computer system. There is a Microsoft Windows equivalent of LIRC called WinLIRC. With LIRC and an IR receiver the user can control their computer with almost any infrared remote control (e.g. a TV remote control). The user may for instance control DVD or music playback with their remote control. One GUI frontend is KDELirc, built on the KDE libraries. See also RC-5 External links LIRC - Linux Infrared Remote Control SourceForge.net: Linux Infrared Remote Control WinLIRC Homepage KDELirc Homepage Free software programmed in C Software related to embedded Linux Infrared technology
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured%20analysis
In software engineering, structured analysis (SA) and structured design (SD) are methods for analyzing business requirements and developing specifications for converting practices into computer programs, hardware configurations, and related manual procedures. Structured analysis and design techniques are fundamental tools of systems analysis. They developed from classical systems analysis of the 1960s and 1970s. Objectives of structured analysis Structured analysis became popular in the 1980s and is still in use today. Structured analysis consists of interpreting the system concept (or real world situations) into data and control terminology represented by data flow diagrams. The flow of data and control from bubble to the data store to bubble can be difficult to track and the number of bubbles can increase. One approach is to first define events from the outside world that require the system to react, then assign a bubble to that event. Bubbles that need to interact are then connected until the system is defined. Bubbles are usually grouped into higher level bubbles to decrease complexity. Data dictionaries are needed to describe the data and command flows, and a process specification is needed to capture the transaction/transformation information. SA and SD are displayed with structure charts, data flow diagrams and data model diagrams, of which there were many variations, including those developed by Tom DeMarco, Ken Orr, Larry Constantine, Vaughn Frick, Ed Yourdon, Steven Ward, Peter Chen, and others. These techniques were combined in various published system development methodologies, including structured systems analysis and design method, profitable information by design (PRIDE), Nastec structured analysis & design, SDM/70 and the Spectrum structured system development methodology. History Structured analysis is part of a series of structured methods that represent a collection of analysis, design, and programming techniques that were developed in response to the problems facing the software world from the 1960s to the 1980s. In this timeframe most commercial programming was done in Cobol and Fortran, then C and BASIC. There was little guidance on "good" design and programming techniques, and there were no standard techniques for documenting requirements and designs. Systems were getting larger and more complex, and the information system development became harder and harder to do so." As a way to help manage large and complex software, the following structured methods emerged since the end of the 1960s: Structured programming in circa 1967 with Edsger Dijkstra - "Go To Statement Considered Harmful" Niklaus Wirth Stepwise design in 1971 Nassi–Shneiderman diagram in 1972 Warnier/Orr diagram in 1974 - "Logical Construction of Programs" HIPO in 1974 - IBM Hierarchy input-process-output (though this should really be output-input-process) Structured design around 1975 with Larry Constantine, Ed Yourdon and Wayne Stevens. Jacks
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edge-notched%20card
Edge-notched cards or edge-punched cards are a system used to store a small amount of binary or logical data on paper index cards, encoded via the presence or absence of notches in the edges of the cards. The notches allowed efficient sorting and selecting of specific cards matching multiple desired criteria, from a larger number of cards in a paper-based database of information. In the mid-20th century they were sold under names such as Cope-Chat cards, E-Z Sort cards, McBee Keysort cards, and Indecks cards. They are also informally called needle cards since they can be sorted with long knitting needles. Overview Edge-notched cards are a manual data storage and manipulation technology used for specialized data storage and cataloging applications through much of the 20th century. An early instance of something like this methodology appeared in 1904. While there were many variants, by the mid-20th century a popular version consisted of paperboard cards with holes punched at regular intervals along all four edges, a short distance in from the edges. The center of the card might be blank space for information to be written, or contain a pre-printed form, or contain a microform image in the case of edge-notched aperture cards. To record data, the paper stock between a hole and the nearest edge was removed by a special notching tool. The holes were assigned a meaning dependent upon a particular application. For example, one hole might record the answer to a yes/no question on a survey, with the presence of a notch meaning "yes". More-complex data was encoded using a variety of schemes, often using a superimposed code which allows more distinct categories to be coded than the number of holes available. To allow a visual check that all cards in a deck were oriented the same way, one corner of each card was beveled, much like Hollerith punched cards. Edge-notched cards, however, were not intended to be read by machines such as IBM card sorters. Instead, they were manipulated by passing one or more slim needles through selected holes in a group of cards. As the needles were lifted, the cards that were notched in the hole positions where the needles were inserted would be left behind as rest of the deck was lifted by the needles. Using two or more needles produced a logical and function. Combining the cards from two different selections produced a logical or. Quite complex manipulations, including sorting were possible using these techniques. Applications Before the widespread use of computers, some public libraries used a system of small edge-notched cards in paper pockets in the back of library books to keep track of them. Edge-notched cards were used for course scheduling in some high schools and colleges during the same era. The corporate library of a division of E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company maintained a subject catalog on two-level edge-punched cards (Royal-McBee Keysort cards) that grew to 15,000 cards before the librarians began to c
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United%20Way%20of%20Canada
United Way Centraide Canada () is the national organization for the autonomous, volunteer-based United Ways and Centraides across Canada. The United Way Movement in Canada is a federated network of local United Way offices serving more than 5,000 communities across Canada, each registered as its own nonprofit organization and governed by an independent volunteer-led local Board of Directors. Each United Way works locally to raise funds and invest in improving lives in its community. In French, both in Quebec and across Canada, the organization is known as Centraide. The organization often uses the United Way and Centraide names together, recognizing the bilingual nature of the country's culture and people. United Way Centraide Canada is the national office and has a distinct role to provide leadership, guidance and support to local United Ways across the country. Together, local United Ways and United Way Centraide Canada form the United Way Movement. United Way Centraide's work focuses on three key strategies that create opportunities for everyone in our communities – moving people from poverty to possibility, helping kids be all they can be, and building strong and healthy communities. Community Impact Mission The Mission of United Way of Canada is: "To improve lives and build community by engaging individuals and mobilizing collective action." Adopted in 2003, this mission represents a shift in the organization's focus of umbrella fundraising to community impact. United Way Centraide Canada regards community impact as the achievement of positive long-term changes to the quality of life in local communities which is brought about by addressing the root causes of social problems, as well as their symptoms. The National Office The National Office, which was founded in 1939, is located in Ottawa, Ontario. As the national organization, United Way Centraide Canada represents local United Ways and Centraides within Canada's voluntary sector, internationally and provides services such as leadership training and education opportunities. The national organization convenes local United Ways and Centraides on a biennial basis at its annual conference, for the purposes of professional development training, the sharing of best practices and learning from leading thinkers. History The United Way Centraide movement began in 1917, when charities in Montreal and Toronto started community collectives inspired by similar activities in the United States. In particular, various clergy in Denver were trying to raise money individually to support their community, but started working together in 1887 when they realized that they could have a greater impact if they worked together to raise and distribute funds. This approach began to be adopted in Canada during the turmoil of the First World War period. Other collectives were initiated in other parts of the country over time, under a variety of names – including Red Feather (or Plume Rouge in French), Commun
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open%20data
Open data is data that is openly accessible, exploitable, editable and shared by anyone for any purpose. Open data is licensed under an open license. The goals of the open data movement are similar to those of other "open(-source)" movements such as open-source software, open-source hardware, open content, open specifications, open education, open educational resources, open government, open knowledge, open access, open science, and the open web. The growth of the open data movement is paralleled by a rise in intellectual property rights. The philosophy behind open data has been long established (for example in the Mertonian tradition of science), but the term "open data" itself is recent, gaining popularity with the rise of the Internet and World Wide Web and, especially, with the launch of open-data government initiatives Data.gov, Data.gov.uk and Data.gov.in. Open data can be linked data - referred to as linked open data. One of the most important forms of open data is open government data (OGD), which is a form of open data created by ruling government institutions. Open government data's importance is born from it being a part of citizens' everyday lives, down to the most routine/mundane tasks that are seemingly far removed from government. The abbreviation is sometimes used to indicate that the dataset or database in question complies with the principles of FAIR data and carries an explicit data‑capable open license. Overview The concept of open data is not new, but a formalized definition is relatively new. Open data as a phenomenon denotes that governmental data should be available to anyone with a possibility of redistribution in any form without any copyright restriction. One more definition is the Open Definition which can be summarized as "a piece of data is open if anyone is free to use, reuse, and redistribute it – subject only, at most, to the requirement to attribute and/or share-alike." Other definitions, including the Open Data Institute's "open data is data that anyone can access, use or share," have an accessible short version of the definition but refer to the formal definition. Open data may include non-textual material such as maps, genomes, connectomes, chemical compounds, mathematical and scientific formulae, medical data, and practice, bioscience and biodiversity. A major barrier to the open data movement is the commercial value of data. Access to, or re-use of, data is often controlled by public or private organizations. Control may be through access restrictions, licenses, copyright, patents and charges for access or re-use. Advocates of open data argue that these restrictions detract from the common good and that data should be available without restrictions or fees. Creators of data do not consider the need to state the conditions of ownership, licensing and re-use; instead presuming that not asserting copyright enters the data into the public domain. For example, many scientists do not consider the data p
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20technology%20centers
This is a list of technology centers throughout the world. Government planners and business networks often incorporate "silicon" or "valley" into place names to describe their own areas as a result of the success of Silicon Valley in California. Metrics may be applied to measure qualitative differences between these places, including: How much and to what extent public and/or private research and development (R&D) funds are spent in the zones What percentage of local employment is technology related If the zone is mainly government funded or is mainly corporate driven (or is it a mix of both) If mainly corporate, how much revenue and profit and which corporations have headquarters there If mainly corporate, how much venture capital has been made available to companies in the zone What supporting higher educational institutions (e.g., universities or colleges) are located in nearby Globally prominent clusters Silicon Valley: Originating in Stanford University (Palo Alto and Menlo Park), and spreading south towards San Jose, California, and suburbs. San Francisco and nearby areas including Berkeley and Oakland are technically not part of Silicon Valley but have seen growth in industries such as web development since the 90s and venture capital. Silicon Valley, home to two of the largest Big Tech companies, Apple and Google, has maintained dominance for decades in core industries such as microprocessor development as well as software and apps development Greater Seattle: one of the largest tech clusters in the world, home to two of the largest & wealthiest Big Tech companies: Microsoft and Amazon, as well as Boeing, Nintendo, and most other major tech players have significant presence and research centers in Greater Seattle. University of Washington and Puget Sound vicinity is also home to a large numbers of notable companies & startups in Life Sciences, biotechnology, medical, video/online game, aerospace, aviation, fintech, technology investment, funds, venture capital, as well as various research & technology centers Cambridge Cluster: The name given to the region around Cambridge, England, which is home to a large cluster of high-tech businesses focusing on software, electronics and biotechnology, among others AstraZeneca. Many of these businesses have connections with the University of Cambridge, and the area is now one of the most important technology centres in Europe IT cluster Rhine-Main-Neckar, Germany: Europe's largest software cluster, is globally dominant in business software, IT security research and biopharmaceuticals Shenzhen-Hong Kong Greater Bay Area: Asia's largest technology cluster, is globally dominant in tech manufacturing, consumer software, research, serving global and largest tech consumer market. Home to some of the largest global tech companies, such as Tencent and others Geneva, Switzerland is globally dominant in particle physics at CERN and various frontier scientific & technology research Greater Shang
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common%20Component%20Architecture
The Common Component Architecture (CCA) was a standard for Component-based software engineering used in high-performance also known as scientific) computing. Features of the Common Component Architecture that distinguish it from commercial component standards Component Object Model, CORBA, Enterprise JavaBeans include support for Fortran programmers, multi-dimensional data arrays, exotic hardware and operating systems, and a variety of network data transports not typically suited for wide area networks. Common Component Architecture activity appears to have ceased, with no news on the webpage since 2006. External links Common Component Architecture Forum Software architecture Component-based software engineering