source
stringlengths
31
168
text
stringlengths
51
3k
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pisg%20%28software%29
pisg, short for Perl IRC Statistics Generator is a popular open-source Internet Relay Chat (IRC) log file analysis and statistical visualization program. It is written in perl by Morten Brix Pedersen. It analyzes various formats of log files from IRC clients and bots and generates HTML pages containing statistics abou...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Product%20of%20groups
In mathematics, a product of groups usually refers to a direct product of groups, but may also mean: semidirect product Product of group subsets wreath product free product central product
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudo%20algebraically%20closed%20field
In mathematics, a field is pseudo algebraically closed if it satisfies certain properties which hold for algebraically closed fields. The concept was introduced by James Ax in 1967. Formulation A field K is pseudo algebraically closed (usually abbreviated by PAC) if one of the following equivalent conditions holds:...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Cyberchase%20episodes
Cyberchase is an animated mathematics series that currently airs on PBS Kids. The show revolves around three Earth children (Jackie, Matt, and Inez), who use mathematics and problem-solving skills in a quest to save Cyberspace from a villain known as The Hacker. The three are transported into Cyberspace by Motherboard,...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binomial%20proportion%20confidence%20interval
In statistics, a binomial proportion confidence interval is a confidence interval for the probability of success calculated from the outcome of a series of success–failure experiments (Bernoulli trials). In other words, a binomial proportion confidence interval is an interval estimate of a success probability p when on...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inductive%20data%20type
Inductive data type may refer to: Algebraic data type, a datatype each of whose values is data from other datatypes wrapped in one of the constructors of the datatype Inductive family, a family of inductive data types indexed by another type or value Recursive data type, a data type for values that may contain othe...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Momentum%20map
In mathematics, specifically in symplectic geometry, the momentum map (or, by false etymology, moment map) is a tool associated with a Hamiltonian action of a Lie group on a symplectic manifold, used to construct conserved quantities for the action. The momentum map generalizes the classical notions of linear and angul...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marriage%20problem
In mathematics, marriage problem may refer to: Assignment problem, consisting of finding a maximum weight matching in a weighted bipartite graph Secretary problem, also called the sultan's dowry or best choice problem, in optimal stopping theory Stable marriage problem, the problem of finding a stable matching betw...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evans%20Hall%20%28UC%20Berkeley%29
Evans Hall is the statistics, economics, and mathematics building on the campus of the University of California, Berkeley. Computer History importance Evans Hall also served as the gateway for the entire west coast's ARPAnet access during the early stages of the Internet's existence; at the time, the backbone was a 5...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snub%2024-cell
In geometry, the snub 24-cell or snub disicositetrachoron is a convex uniform 4-polytope composed of 120 regular tetrahedral and 24 icosahedral cells. Five tetrahedra and three icosahedra meet at each vertex. In total it has 480 triangular faces, 432 edges, and 96 vertices. One can build it from the 600-cell by dimini...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct%20product%20of%20groups
In mathematics, specifically in group theory, the direct product is an operation that takes two groups and and constructs a new group, usually denoted . This operation is the group-theoretic analogue of the Cartesian product of sets and is one of several important notions of direct product in mathematics. In the co...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis%20Moresi
Louis-Noël Moresi (born 30 October 1965) is a Professor of Computational Mathematics & Geophysics at The Australian National University. He has deeply influenced the understanding of the Geophysics community through his own research as well as providing software for the community to use. Early career The London-born ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic%20neural%20network
Semantic neural network (SNN) is based on John von Neumann's neural network [von Neumann, 1966] and Nikolai Amosov M-Network. There are limitations to a link topology for the von Neumann’s network but SNN accept a case without these limitations. Only logical values can be processed, but SNN accept that fuzzy values can...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NUTS%20statistical%20regions%20of%20Spain
In the NUTS (Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics) codes of Spain (ES), the following are the first-level political and administrative divisions. Overall NUTS Codes Local administrative units Below the NUTS levels, the two LAU (Local Administrative Units) levels are: The LAU codes of Spain can be downl...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proof%20of%20impossibility
In mathematics, a proof of impossibility is a proof that demonstrates that a particular problem cannot be solved as described in the claim, or that a particular set of problems cannot be solved in general. Such a case is also known as a negative proof, proof of an impossibility theorem, or negative result. Proofs of im...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super%20vector%20space
In mathematics, a super vector space is a -graded vector space, that is, a vector space over a field with a given decomposition of subspaces of grade and grade . The study of super vector spaces and their generalizations is sometimes called super linear algebra. These objects find their principal application in theor...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantellated%20tesseract
In four-dimensional geometry, a cantellated tesseract is a convex uniform 4-polytope, being a cantellation (a 2nd order truncation) of the regular tesseract. There are four degrees of cantellations of the tesseract including with permutations truncations. Two are also derived from the 24-cell family. Cantellated tess...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biquadratic%20field
In mathematics, a biquadratic field is a number field K of a particular kind, which is a Galois extension of the rational number field Q with Galois group the Klein four-group. Structure and subfields Biquadratic fields are all obtained by adjoining two square roots. Therefore in explicit terms they have the form K ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Case%20analysis
Case analysis may refer to Proof by cases in mathematics Case study, detailed examination of a subject The case method used in teaching
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPM%20School%20of%20Cognitive%20Sciences
The School of Cognitive Sciences forms part of the Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics (IPM) in Tehran, Iran. The school was called the School of Intelligent Systems (SIS) until 2003 when it was renamed to the School of Cognitive Sciences. The research is predominantly focused on cognitive Neur...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detlev%20Buchholz
Detlev Buchholz (born 31 May 1944) is a German theoretical physicist. He investigates quantum field theory, especially in the axiomatic framework of algebraic quantum field theory. Biography Buchholz studied physics in Hannover and Hamburg where he acquired his Diplom in 1968. After graduation, he continued his studie...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supergraph
In mathematics and physics, the word supergraph has several meanings: In graph theory, if A is a subgraph of B, then B is said to be a supergraph of A. In the context of particle physics, a supergraph is a Feynman diagram that calculates scattering amplitudes in a supersymmetric theory using the advantages of the su...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical%20cross%20section
Optical cross section (OCS) is a value which describes the maximum amount of optical flux reflected back to the source. The standard unit of measurement is m2/sr. OCS is dependent on the geometry and the reflectivity at a particular wavelength of an object. Optical cross section is useful in fields such as LIDAR. I...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supersonic%20wind%20tunnel
A supersonic wind tunnel is a wind tunnel that produces supersonic speeds (1.2<M<5) The Mach number and flow are determined by the nozzle geometry. The Reynolds number is varied by changing the density level (pressure in the settling chamber). Therefore, a high pressure ratio is required (for a supersonic regime at M=4...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobit%20model
In statistics, a tobit model is any of a class of regression models in which the observed range of the dependent variable is censored in some way. The term was coined by Arthur Goldberger in reference to James Tobin, who developed the model in 1958 to mitigate the problem of zero-inflated data for observations of house...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typographical%20Number%20Theory
Typographical Number Theory (TNT) is a formal axiomatic system describing the natural numbers that appears in Douglas Hofstadter's book Gödel, Escher, Bach. It is an implementation of Peano arithmetic that Hofstadter uses to help explain Gödel's incompleteness theorems. Like any system implementing the Peano axioms, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quasitriangular%20Hopf%20algebra
In mathematics, a Hopf algebra, H, is quasitriangular if there exists an invertible element, R, of such that for all , where is the coproduct on H, and the linear map is given by , , , where , , and , where , , and , are algebra morphisms determined by R is called the R-matrix. As a consequence of the propert...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conway%20knot
In mathematics, in particular in knot theory, the Conway knot (or Conway's knot) is a particular knot with 11 crossings, named after John Horton Conway. It is related by mutation to the Kinoshita–Terasaka knot, with which it shares the same Jones polynomial. Both knots also have the curious property of having the same...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/College%20Football%20News
College Football News (CFN) is a magazine and website published by College Football News, Inc., headquartered in Chicago, Illinois. News coverage includes scores, statistics, rankings, and reports on college football games. Analysis includes comparisons between teams, predictions of game outcomes and high-school recrui...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidden%20subgroup%20problem
The hidden subgroup problem (HSP) is a topic of research in mathematics and theoretical computer science. The framework captures problems such as factoring, discrete logarithm, graph isomorphism, and the shortest vector problem. This makes it especially important in the theory of quantum computing because Shor's algori...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable%20%28mathematics%29
In mathematics, a variable (from Latin variabilis, "changeable") is a symbol that represents a mathematical object. A variable may represent a number, a vector, a matrix, a function, the argument of a function, a set, or an element of a set. Algebraic computations with variables as if they were explicit numbers solve ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sot
Sot or SOT may refer to: Mathematics, science, and technology Small-outline transistor Society of Toxicology, U.S. Sound on tape, in television broadcasting Strong operator topology, in mathematics Places Sot (village), Vojvodina, Serbia Sodankylä Airfield, Sodankylä, Lapland, Finland, IATA code Stoke-on-Tre...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum%20mirage
In physics, a quantum mirage is a peculiar result in quantum chaos. Every system of quantum dynamical billiards will exhibit an effect called scarring, where the quantum probability density shows traces of the paths a classical billiard ball would take. For an elliptical arena, the scarring is particularly pronounced a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger%20Jones%20%28mathematician%29
Roger L. Jones is an American mathematician specializing in harmonic analysis and ergodic theory. Biography He obtained a B.S. in mathematics in 1971 from University at Albany, SUNY, and a Ph.D. in mathematics in 1974 from Rutgers University, with thesis Inequalities for the Ergodic Maximal Function written under the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outcome
Outcome may refer to: Outcome (probability), the result of an experiment in probability theory Outcome (game theory), the result of players' decisions in game theory The Outcome, a 2005 Spanish film An outcome measure (or endpoint) in a clinical trial The National Outcomes adopted as targets by the Scottish Govern...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capable
Capable may refer to: , a World War II minesweeper , an ocean surveillance ship the defining property of a member of a capable group in mathematics
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intercontinental%20Cup%20records%20and%20statistics
Statistics for the Intercontinental Cup which ran from 1960 to 2004. Finals By country By team By continent After the events of the 1969 Intercontinental Cup, many European Cup champions refused to play in the Intercontinental Cup. On five occasions, they were replaced by the tournament's runners-up. Two Intercont...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnold%20tongue
In mathematics, particularly in dynamical systems, Arnold tongues (named after Vladimir Arnold) are a pictorial phenomenon that occur when visualizing how the rotation number of a dynamical system, or other related invariant property thereof, changes according to two or more of its parameters. The regions of constant r...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type%20%28model%20theory%29
In model theory and related areas of mathematics, a type is an object that describes how a (real or possible) element or finite collection of elements in a mathematical structure might behave. More precisely, it is a set of first-order formulas in a language L with free variables x1, x2,…, xn that are true of a set of...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ternary
Ternary (from Latin ternarius) or trinary is an adjective meaning "composed of three items". It can refer to: Mathematics and logic Ternary numeral system, a base-3 counting system Balanced ternary, a positional numeral system, useful for comparison logic Ternary logic, a logic system with the values true, false, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spacetime%20%28disambiguation%29
Spacetime is a mathematical model in mathematics and physics. Spacetime, space-time, space time or Space and time may also refer to: Science and mathematics Complex spacetime, a theoretical extension of spacetime into complex-valued space and time coordinates Spacetime diagram, a diagram in the theory of relativity...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedrich%20Wilhelm%20Levi
Friedrich Wilhelm Daniel Levi (February 6, 1888 – January 1, 1966) was a German mathematician known for his work in abstract algebra, especially torsion-free abelian groups. He also worked in geometry, topology, set theory, and analysis. Early life and education Levi was born to Georg Levi and Emma Blum in Mulhouse i...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neusis%20construction
In geometry, the neusis (; ; plural: ) is a geometric construction method that was used in antiquity by Greek mathematicians. Geometric construction The neusis construction consists of fitting a line element of given length () in between two given lines ( and ), in such a way that the line element, or its extension, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snub%20polyhedron
In geometry, a snub polyhedron is a polyhedron obtained by performing a snub operation: alternating a corresponding omnitruncated or truncated polyhedron, depending on the definition. Some, but not all, authors include antiprisms as snub polyhedra, as they are obtained by this construction from a degenerate "polyhedron...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoswitch
A photoswitch is a type of molecule that can change its structural geometry and chemical properties upon irradiation with electromagnetic radiation. Although often used interchangeably with the term molecular machine, a switch does not perform work upon a change in its shape whereas a machine does. However, photochromi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order-4%20dodecahedral%20honeycomb
In hyperbolic geometry, the order-4 dodecahedral honeycomb is one of four compact regular space-filling tessellations (or honeycombs) of hyperbolic 3-space. With Schläfli symbol it has four dodecahedra around each edge, and 8 dodecahedra around each vertex in an octahedral arrangement. Its vertices are constructed fro...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lemniscate%20elliptic%20functions
In mathematics, the lemniscate elliptic functions are elliptic functions related to the arc length of the lemniscate of Bernoulli. They were first studied by Giulio Fagnano in 1718 and later by Leonhard Euler and Carl Friedrich Gauss, among others. The lemniscate sine and lemniscate cosine functions, usually written w...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martingale%20representation%20theorem
In probability theory, the martingale representation theorem states that a random variable that is measurable with respect to the filtration generated by a Brownian motion can be written in terms of an Itô integral with respect to this Brownian motion. The theorem only asserts the existence of the representation and d...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narcissistic%20number
In number theory, a narcissistic number (also known as a pluperfect digital invariant (PPDI), an Armstrong number (after Michael F. Armstrong) or a plus perfect number) in a given number base is a number that is the sum of its own digits each raised to the power of the number of digits. Definition Let be a natural n...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular%20configuration
The molecular configuration of a molecule is the permanent geometry that results from the spatial arrangement of its bonds. The ability of the same set of atoms to form two or more molecules with different configurations is stereoisomerism. This is distinct from constitutional isomerism which arises from atoms being co...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kronecker%27s%20lemma
In mathematics, Kronecker's lemma (see, e.g., ) is a result about the relationship between convergence of infinite sums and convergence of sequences. The lemma is often used in the proofs of theorems concerning sums of independent random variables such as the strong Law of large numbers. The lemma is named after the Ge...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerhard%20Hessenberg
Gerhard Hessenberg (; 16 August 1874 – 16 November 1925) was a German mathematician who worked in projective geometry, differential geometry, and set theory. Career Hessenberg received his Ph.D. from the University of Berlin in 1899 under the guidance of Hermann Schwarz and Lazarus Fuchs. His name is usually associat...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time%20dependent%20vector%20field
In mathematics, a time dependent vector field is a construction in vector calculus which generalizes the concept of vector fields. It can be thought of as a vector field which moves as time passes. For every instant of time, it associates a vector to every point in a Euclidean space or in a manifold. Definition A time...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical%20isomorphism
In mathematics—more specifically, in differential geometry—the musical isomorphism (or canonical isomorphism) is an isomorphism between the tangent bundle and the cotangent bundle of a pseudo-Riemannian manifold induced by its metric tensor. There are similar isomorphisms on symplectic manifolds. The term musical ref...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resampling%20%28statistics%29
In statistics, resampling is the creation of new samples based on one observed sample. Resampling methods are: Permutation tests (also re-randomization tests) Bootstrapping Cross validation Permutation tests Permutation tests rely on resampling the original data assuming the null hypothesis. Based on the resample...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coil
Coil or COIL may refer to: Geometry Helix, a space curve that winds around a line Spiral, a curve that winds around a central point Science and technology Coil (chemistry), a tube used to cool and condense steam from a distillation Coil spring, used to store energy, absorb shock, or maintain a force between two s...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augmented%20Dickey%E2%80%93Fuller%20test
In statistics, an augmented Dickey–Fuller test (ADF) tests the null hypothesis that a unit root is present in a time series sample. The alternative hypothesis is different depending on which version of the test is used, but is usually stationarity or trend-stationarity. It is an augmented version of the Dickey–Fuller t...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/168%20%28number%29
168 (one hundred [and] sixty-eight) is the natural number following 167 and preceding 169. In mathematics 168 is an even number, a composite number, an abundant number, and an idoneal number. There are 168 primes less than 1000. 168 is the product of the first two perfect numbers. 168 is the order of the group PSL(2...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordered%20logit
In statistics, the ordered logit model (also ordered logistic regression or proportional odds model) is an ordinal regression model—that is, a regression model for ordinal dependent variables—first considered by Peter McCullagh. For example, if one question on a survey is to be answered by a choice among "poor", "fair...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block%20%28permutation%20group%20theory%29
In mathematics and group theory, a block system for the action of a group G on a set X is a partition of X that is G-invariant. In terms of the associated equivalence relation on X, G-invariance means that x ~ y implies gx ~ gy for all g ∈ G and all x, y ∈ X. The action of G on X induces a natural action of G on any ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirillov%20character%20formula
In mathematics, for a Lie group , the Kirillov orbit method gives a heuristic method in representation theory. It connects the Fourier transforms of coadjoint orbits, which lie in the dual space of the Lie algebra of G, to the infinitesimal characters of the irreducible representations. The method got its name after th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cocurvature
In mathematics in the branch of differential geometry, the cocurvature of a connection on a manifold is the obstruction to the integrability of the vertical bundle. Definition If M is a manifold and P is a connection on M, that is a vector-valued 1-form on M which is a projection on TM such that PabPbc = Pac, then the...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector-valued%20differential%20form
In mathematics, a vector-valued differential form on a manifold M is a differential form on M with values in a vector space V. More generally, it is a differential form with values in some vector bundle E over M. Ordinary differential forms can be viewed as R-valued differential forms. An important case of vector-valu...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eisenstein%20ideal
In mathematics, the Eisenstein ideal is an ideal in the endomorphism ring of the Jacobian variety of a modular curve, consisting roughly of elements of the Hecke algebra of Hecke operators that annihilate the Eisenstein series. It was introduced by , in studying the rational points of modular curves. An Eisenstein prim...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rate%20function
In mathematics — specifically, in large deviations theory — a rate function is a function used to quantify the probabilities of rare events. Such functions are used to formulate large deviation principle. A large deviation principle quantifies the asymptotic probability of rare events for a sequence of probabilities. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large%20deviations%20theory
In probability theory, the theory of large deviations concerns the asymptotic behaviour of remote tails of sequences of probability distributions. While some basic ideas of the theory can be traced to Laplace, the formalization started with insurance mathematics, namely ruin theory with Cramér and Lundberg. A unified f...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20E.%20Evans
David E. Evans FLSW was born in 1950 at Glanamman, Dyfed, Wales. He is a professor of mathematics at Cardiff University, specialising in knot theory. He has published a number of books, many in collaboration with Yasuyuki Kawahigashi. He studied at New College, Oxford, and Jesus College, Oxford. From 1975 to 1976 E...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factorization%20of%20polynomials
In mathematics and computer algebra, factorization of polynomials or polynomial factorization expresses a polynomial with coefficients in a given field or in the integers as the product of irreducible factors with coefficients in the same domain. Polynomial factorization is one of the fundamental components of compute...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mario%20Livio
Mario Livio (born June 19, 1945) is an Israeli-American astrophysicist and an author of works that popularize science and mathematics. For 24 years (1991–2015) he was an astrophysicist at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which operates the Hubble Space Telescope. He has published more than 400 scientific articles...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam%20in%20Iceland
Islam in Iceland is a minority religion. The Pew Research Center estimated that the number of Muslims in Iceland was below its 10,000 minimum threshold, and official statistics put the figure at under 1,300, or 0.33% out of the total population of 385,230.In 2011, Icelandic Muslims attracted the interest of Al Jazeera;...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stat%20padding
In sports, stat padding is an action that improves a player's statistics despite being of little benefit to his or her team or its chance of winning. Notable players accused of stat padding Basketball Russell Westbrook holds the record for most career triple-doubles in the NBA, most of which involved heavy stat padd...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mouse%20%28set%20theory%29
In set theory, a mouse is a small model of (a fragment of) Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory with desirable properties. The exact definition depends on the context. In most cases, there is a technical definition of "premouse" and an added condition of iterability (referring to the existence of wellfounded iterated ultrapower...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Core%20model
In set theory, the core model is a definable inner model of the universe of all sets. Even though set theorists refer to "the core model", it is not a uniquely identified mathematical object. Rather, it is a class of inner models that under the right set-theoretic assumptions have very special properties, most notably ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wild%20card%20%28foresight%29
In a view of the future, a wild card is a low-probability, large-effect event. This concept may be introduced into anticipatory decision-making activity in order to increase the ability of organizations and governments to adapt to surprises arising in turbulent (business) environments. Such sudden and unique incidents ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shape%20theory
Shape theory refers to three different theories: Shape theory in topology Shape analysis (disambiguation) in mathematics and computer science Shape theory of olfaction
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert%20Wilf
Herbert Saul Wilf (June 13, 1931 – January 7, 2012) was an American mathematician, specializing in combinatorics and graph theory. He was the Thomas A. Scott Professor of Mathematics in Combinatorial Analysis and Computing at the University of Pennsylvania. He wrote numerous books and research papers. Together with N...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arax%C3%A1
Araxá () is a municipality in Western Minas Gerais state, Brazil. Its estimated population by IBGE (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics) in 2020 is 107,337 inhabitants and the area of the municipality is , with making up the urban perimeter. Geography The elevation of the city center is . The highest poi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ternary%20relation
In mathematics, a ternary relation or triadic relation is a finitary relation in which the number of places in the relation is three. Ternary relations may also be referred to as 3-adic, 3-ary, 3-dimensional, or 3-place. Just as a binary relation is formally defined as a set of pairs, i.e. a subset of the Cartesian p...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Log%20probability
In probability theory and computer science, a log probability is simply a logarithm of a probability. The use of log probabilities means representing probabilities on a logarithmic scale , instead of the standard unit interval. Since the probabilities of independent events multiply, and logarithms convert multiplicat...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apotome%20%28mathematics%29
In the historical study of mathematics, an apotome is a line segment formed from a longer line segment by breaking it into two parts, one of which is commensurable only in power to the whole; the other part is the apotome. In this definition, two line segments are said to be "commensurable only in power" when the ratio...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald%20Jensen
Ronald Björn Jensen (born April 1, 1936) is an American mathematician who lives in Germany, primarily known for his work in mathematical logic and set theory. Career Jensen completed a BA in economics at American University in 1959, and a Ph.D. in mathematics at the University of Bonn in 1964. His supervisor was Gisbe...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butterfly%20%28options%29
In finance, a butterfly (or simply fly) is a limited risk, non-directional options strategy that is designed to have a high probability of earning a limited profit when the future volatility of the underlying asset is expected to be lower (when long the butterfly) or higher (when short the butterfly) than that asset's ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1%2B1
1+1 is a mathematical expression that evaluates to: 2 (number) (in ordinary arithmetic) 1 (number) (in Boolean algebra with a notation where '+' denotes a logical disjunction) 0 (number) (in Boolean algebra with a notation where '+' denotes 'exclusive or' operation, or in a quotient ring of numbers modulo 2) The te...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHIS
NHIS may refer to: National Health Insurance Scheme (Ghana) National Health Insurance Scheme (Nigeria) National Health Interview Survey, annual survey by the National Center for Health Statistics in the United States National Homelessness Information System, a system to collect and analyze data on the use of homeless ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigenus
In low-dimensional topology, the trigenus of a closed 3-manifold is an invariant consisting of an ordered triple . It is obtained by minimizing the genera of three orientable handle bodies — with no intersection between their interiors— which decompose the manifold as far as the Heegaard genus need only two. That is,...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco%20Javier%20Gonz%C3%A1lez-Acu%C3%B1a
Francisco Javier González-Acuña (nickname "Fico") is a mathematician in the UNAM's institute of mathematics and CIMAT, specializing in low-dimensional topology. Education He did his graduate studies at Princeton University, obtaining his Ph.D. in 1970. His thesis, written under the supervision of Ralph Fox, was titled...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannes%20van%20der%20Corput
Johannes Gaultherus van der Corput (4 September 1890 – 16 September 1975) was a Dutch mathematician, working in the field of analytic number theory. He was appointed professor at the University of Fribourg (Switzerland) in 1922, at the University of Groningen in 1923, and at the University of Amsterdam in 1946. He was...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mazur%E2%80%93Ulam%20theorem
In mathematics, the Mazur–Ulam theorem states that if and are normed spaces over R and the mapping is a surjective isometry, then is affine. It was proved by Stanisław Mazur and Stanisław Ulam in response to a question raised by Stefan Banach. For strictly convex spaces the result is true, and easy, even for ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/192%20%28number%29
192 (one hundred [and] ninety-two) is the natural number following 191 and preceding 193. In mathematics 192 has the prime factorization . Because it has so many small prime factors, it is the smallest number with 14 divisors, namely 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 32, 48, 64, 96, and 192 itself. Because its only prime ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roy%20Morgan
Roy Morgan, formerly known as Roy Morgan Research, is an independent Australian social and political market research and public opinion statistics company headquartered in Melbourne, Victoria. It operates nationally as Roy Morgan and internationally as Roy Morgan International. The Morgan Poll, a political poll that tr...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilian%20Institute%20of%20Public%20Opinion%20and%20Statistics
The Brazilian Institute of Public Opinion and Statistics (IBOPE based on the Portuguese language name, Instituto Brasileiro de Opinião Pública e Estatística) does market research to provide information regarding Brazilian and Latin American markets. IBOPE provides data on media, public opinion, voting intention, consum...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duarte%20Leite
Duarte Leite Pereira da Silva, GCC (11 August 1864 in Porto – 29 September 1950 in Porto; ), was a Portuguese historian, mathematician, journalist, diplomat and politician. He graduated in Mathematics at the University of Coimbra, in 1885. He taught at the Politecnic Academy of Porto, from 1886 to 1911. Meanwhile, he w...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee%20Hwa%20Chung%20theorem
The Lee Hwa Chung theorem is a theorem in symplectic topology. The statement is as follows. Let M be a symplectic manifold with symplectic form ω. Let be a differential k-form on M which is invariant for all Hamiltonian vector fields. Then: If k is odd, If k is even, , where References Lee, John M., Introduction...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inner%20model%20theory
In set theory, inner model theory is the study of certain models of ZFC or some fragment or strengthening thereof. Ordinarily these models are transitive subsets or subclasses of the von Neumann universe V, or sometimes of a generic extension of V. Inner model theory studies the relationships of these models to determi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrahedral%20molecular%20geometry
In a tetrahedral molecular geometry, a central atom is located at the center with four substituents that are located at the corners of a tetrahedron. The bond angles are cos−1(−) = 109.4712206...° ≈ 109.5° when all four substituents are the same, as in methane () as well as its heavier analogues. Methane and other perf...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Bedwell
William Bedwell (1561 – 5 May 1632 near London) was an English priest and scholar, specializing in Arabic and other "oriental" languages as well as in mathematics. Bedwell was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge. He served the Church of England as Rector of St Ethelburga's Bishopsgate and Vicar of All Hallows, Tott...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relative%20contact%20homology
In mathematics, in the area of symplectic topology, relative contact homology is an invariant of spaces together with a chosen subspace. Namely, it is associated to a contact manifold and one of its Legendrian submanifolds. It is a part of a more general invariant known as symplectic field theory, and is defined using ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conway%20polynomial
In mathematics, Conway polynomial can refer to: the Alexander–Conway polynomial in knot theory the Conway polynomial (finite fields) the polynomial of degree 71 that has Conway's constant as its single positive real root
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permutation%20%28disambiguation%29
In mathematics, permutation relates to the act of arranging all the members of a set into some sequence or order. Permutation may also refer to: An alteration or transformation of a previous object or concept; see iteration Permutation, as a mathematical concept Permutation test in statistics Permutation (Cryptog...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverse%20hyperbolic%20functions
In mathematics, the inverse hyperbolic functions are inverses of the hyperbolic functions, analogous to the inverse circular functions. There are six in common use: inverse hyperbolic sine, inverse hyperbolic cosine, inverse hyperbolic tangent, inverse hyperbolic cosecant, inverse hyperbolic secant, and inverse hyperbo...