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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%E2%80%93n%20junction%20isolation | p–n junction isolation is a method used to electrically isolate electronic components, such as transistors, on an integrated circuit (IC) by surrounding the components with reverse biased p–n junctions.
Introduction
By surrounding a transistor, resistor, capacitor or other component on an IC with semiconductor materia... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractal%20expressionism | Fractal expressionism is used to distinguish fractal art generated directly by artists from fractal art generated using mathematics and/or computers. Fractals are patterns that repeat at increasingly fine scales and are prevalent in natural scenery (examples include clouds, rivers, and mountains). Fractal expressionism... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20mathematical%20artists | [[File:San Romano Battle (Paolo Uccello, London) 01.jpg|thumb|350px|Broken lances lying along perspective lines in Paolo Uccello's The Battle of San Romano, 1438]]
This is a list of artists who actively explored mathematics in their artworks. Art forms practised by these artists include painting, sculpture, architectu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time%20reversal%20signal%20processing | Time reversal signal processing is a signal processing technique that has three main uses: creating an optimal carrier signal for communication, reconstructing a source event, and focusing high-energy waves to a point in space. A Time Reversal Mirror (TRM) is a device that can focus waves using the time reversal metho... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lego%20Mindstorms | Lego Mindstorms (sometimes stylized as LEGO MINDSTORMS) is a discontinued hardware and software structure which develops programmable robots based on Lego bricks. Each version included a programmable microcontroller (or intelligent brick), a set of modular sensors and motors, and parts from the Lego Technic line to cre... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stream%20processing | In computer science, stream processing (also known as event stream processing, data stream processing, or distributed stream processing) is a programming paradigm which views streams, or sequences of events in time, as the central input and output objects of computation. Stream processing encompasses dataflow programmi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global%20Census%20of%20Marine%20Life%20on%20Seamounts | Global Census of Marine Life on Seamounts (commonly CenSeam) is a global scientific initiative, launched in 2005, that is designed to expand the knowledge base of marine life at seamounts. Seamounts are underwater mountains, not necessarily volcanic in origin, which often form subsurface archipelagoes and are found thr... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric%20power%20conversion | In all fields of electrical engineering, power conversion is the process of converting electric energy from one form to another. A power converter is an electrical or electro-mechanical device for converting electrical energy. A power converter can convert alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC) and vice vers... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whittaker%E2%80%93Shannon%20interpolation%20formula | The Whittaker–Shannon interpolation formula or sinc interpolation is a method to construct a continuous-time bandlimited function from a sequence of real numbers. The formula dates back to the works of E. Borel in 1898, and E. T. Whittaker in 1915, and was cited from works of J. M. Whittaker in 1935, and in the formul... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefix%20delegation | IP networks are divided logically into subnetworks. Computers in the same subnetwork have the same address prefix. For example, in a typical home network with legacy Internet Protocol version 4, the network prefix would be something like 192.168.1.0/24, as expressed in CIDR notation.
With IPv4, commonly home networks ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplicative%20noise | In signal processing, the term multiplicative noise refers to an unwanted random signal that gets multiplied into some relevant signal during capture, transmission, or other processing.
An important example is the speckle noise commonly observed in radar imagery. Examples of multiplicative noise affecting digital pho... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardware%20watermarking | Hardware watermarking, also known as IP core watermarking is the process of embedding covert marks as design attributes inside a hardware or IP core design itself. Hardware Watermarking can represent watermarking of either DSP Cores (widely used in consumer electronics devices) or combinational/sequential circuits. Bot... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center%20for%20Advancing%20Electronics%20Dresden | The Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) of the Technische Universität Dresden is part of the Excellence Initiative of German universities. The cluster of excellence for microelectronics is funded from 2012 to 2017 by the German Research Community (DFG) and unites about 60 Investigators and their teams from... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase%20margin | In electronic amplifiers, the phase margin (PM) is the difference between the phase lag (< 0) and -180°, for an amplifier's output signal (relative to its input) at zero dB gain - i.e. unity gain, or that the output signal has the same amplitude as the input.
.
For example, if the amplifier's open-loop gain crosses ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fetal%20pig | Fetal pigs are unborn pigs used in elementary as well as advanced biology classes as objects for dissection. Pigs, as a mammalian species, provide a good specimen for the study of physiological systems and processes due to the similarities between many pig and human organs.
Use in biology labs
Along with frogs and ear... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wet-folding | Wet-folding is an origami technique developed by Akira Yoshizawa that employs water to dampen the paper so that it can be manipulated more easily. This process adds an element of sculpture to origami, which is otherwise purely geometric. Wet-folding is used very often by professional folders for non-geometric origami, ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20thermodynamic%20properties | In thermodynamics, a physical property is any property that is measurable, and whose value describes a state of a physical system. Thermodynamic properties are defined as characteristic features of a system, capable of specifying the system's state. Some constants, such as the ideal gas constant, , do not describe the ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Networked%20music%20performance | A networked music performance or network musical performance is a real-time interaction over a computer network that enables musicians in different locations to perform as if they were in the same room. These interactions can include performances, rehearsals, improvisation or jamming sessions, and situations for learni... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principle%20of%20least%20privilege | In information security, computer science, and other fields, the principle of least privilege (PoLP), also known as the principle of minimal privilege (PoMP) or the principle of least authority (PoLA), requires that in a particular abstraction layer of a computing environment, every module (such as a process, a user, o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Log-spectral%20distance | The log-spectral distance (LSD), also referred to as log-spectral distortion or root mean square log-spectral distance, is a distance measure between two spectra. The log-spectral distance between spectra and is defined as p-norm:
where and are power spectra.
Unlike the Itakura–Saito distance, the log-spectral... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAN%20bus | A Controller Area Network (CAN bus) is a vehicle bus standard designed to allow microcontrollers and devices to communicate with each other's applications without a host computer. It is a message-based protocol, designed originally for multiplex electrical wiring within automobiles to save on copper, but it can also be... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nova%20classification | The Nova classification (, 'new classification') is a framework for grouping edible substances based on the extent and purpose of food processing applied to them. Researchers at the University of São Paulo, Brazil, proposed the system in 2009.
Nova classifies food into four groups:
Unprocessed or minimally processed... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van%20der%20Waerden%20notation | In theoretical physics, Van der Waerden notation refers to the usage of two-component spinors (Weyl spinors) in four spacetime dimensions. This is standard in twistor theory and supersymmetry. It is named after Bartel Leendert van der Waerden.
Dotted indices
Undotted indices (chiral indices)
Spinors with lower undot... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SUMIT | Stackable Unified Module Interconnect Technology (SUMIT) is a connector between expansion buses independent of motherboard form factor. Boards featuring SUMIT connectors are usually used in "stacks" where one board sits on top of another.
It was published by the Small Form Factor Special Interest Group.
Details
Two id... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalog%20of%20articles%20in%20probability%20theory | This page lists articles related to probability theory. In particular, it lists many articles corresponding to specific probability distributions. Such articles are marked here by a code of the form (X:Y), which refers to number of random variables involved and the type of the distribution. For example (2:DC) indicates... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noise%20%28signal%20processing%29 | In signal processing, noise is a general term for unwanted (and, in general, unknown) modifications that a signal may suffer during capture, storage, transmission, processing, or conversion.
Sometimes the word is also used to mean signals that are random (unpredictable) and carry no useful information; even if they ar... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quasi-analog%20signal | In telecommunication, a quasi-analog signal is a digital signal that has been converted to a form suitable for transmission over a specified analog channel.
The specification of the analog channel should include frequency range, bandwidth, signal-to-noise ratio, and envelope delay distortion. When quasi-analog form ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-%CE%BA%20dielectric | In the semiconductor industry, the term high-κ dielectric refers to a material with a high dielectric constant (κ, kappa), as compared to silicon dioxide. High-κ dielectrics are used in semiconductor manufacturing processes where they are usually used to replace a silicon dioxide gate dielectric or another dielectric ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal%20efficacy%20rule | The FDA animal efficacy rule (also known as animal rule) applies to development and testing of drugs and biologicals to reduce or prevent serious or life-threatening conditions caused by exposure to lethal or permanently disabling toxic agents (chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear substances), where human eff... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/What%20Is%20Life%3F | What Is Life? The Physical Aspect of the Living Cell is a 1944 science book written for the lay reader by physicist Erwin Schrödinger. The book was based on a course of public lectures delivered by Schrödinger in February 1943, under the auspices of the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, where he was Director of T... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programmable%20logic%20device | A programmable logic device (PLD) is an electronic component used to build reconfigurable digital circuits. Unlike digital logic constructed using discrete logic gates with fixed functions, a PLD has an undefined function at the time of manufacture. Before the PLD can be used in a circuit it must be programmed to imple... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20gravitational%20wave%20observations | This page contains a list of observed/candidate gravitational wave events.
Origin and nomenclature
Direct observation of gravitational waves, which commenced with the detection of an event by LIGO in 2015, plays a key role in gravitational wave astronomy. LIGO has been involved in all subsequent detections to date, wi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryote | The eukaryotes () constitute the domain of Eukarya, organisms whose cells have a membrane-bound nucleus. All animals, plants, fungi, and many unicellular organisms are eukaryotes. They constitute a major group of life forms alongside the two groups of prokaryotes: the Bacteria and the Archaea. Eukaryotes represent a sm... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20functional%20analysis%20topics | This is a list of functional analysis topics.
See also: Glossary of functional analysis.
Hilbert space
Functional analysis, classic results
Operator theory
Banach space examples
Lp space
Hardy space
Sobolev space
Tsirelson space
ba space
Real and complex algebras
Topological vector spaces
Amenability
Amenable... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom%20%28biology%29 | In biology, a kingdom is the second highest taxonomic rank, just below domain. Kingdoms are divided into smaller groups called phyla.
Traditionally, some textbooks from the United States and Canada used a system of six kingdoms of eukaryotes (Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista, Archaea/Archaebacteria, and Bacteria or... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverter%20%28logic%20gate%29 | In digital logic, an inverter or NOT gate is a logic gate which implements logical negation. It outputs a bit opposite of the bit that is put into it. The bits are typically implemented as two differing voltage levels.
Description
The NOT gate outputs a zero when given a one, and a one when given a zero. Hence, it in... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron%20oxide%20nanoparticle | Iron oxide nanoparticles are iron oxide particles with diameters between about 1 and 100 nanometers. The two main forms are composed of magnetite () and its oxidized form maghemite (γ-). They have attracted extensive interest due to their superparamagnetic properties and their potential applications in many fields (alt... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index%20of%20combinatorics%20articles |
A
Abstract simplicial complex
Addition chain
Scholz conjecture
Algebraic combinatorics
Alternating sign matrix
Almost disjoint sets
Antichain
Arrangement of hyperplanes
Assignment problem
Quadratic assignment problem
Audioactive decay
B
Barcode
Matrix code
QR Code
Universal Product Code
Bell polynomi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear%20magnetic%20resonance | Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a physical phenomenon in which nuclei in a strong constant magnetic field are perturbed by a weak oscillating magnetic field (in the near field) and respond by producing an electromagnetic signal with a frequency characteristic of the magnetic field at the nucleus. This process occur... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix%20architecture | A Unix architecture is a computer operating system system architecture that embodies the Unix philosophy. It may adhere to standards such as the Single UNIX Specification (SUS) or similar POSIX IEEE standard. No single published standard describes all Unix architecture computer operating systems — this is in part a l... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20fractals%20by%20Hausdorff%20dimension | According to Benoit Mandelbrot, "A fractal is by definition a set for which the Hausdorff-Besicovitch dimension strictly exceeds the topological dimension."
Presented here is a list of fractals, ordered by increasing Hausdorff dimension, to illustrate what it means for a fractal to have a low or a high dimension.
Dete... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species%20description | A species description is a formal scientific description of a newly encountered species, usually in the form of a scientific paper. Its purpose is to give a clear description of a new species of organism and explain how it differs from species that have been described previously or are related. To be considered valid,... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Seven%20Pillars%20of%20Life | The Seven Pillars of Life are the essential principles of life described by Daniel E. Koshland in 2002 in order to create a universal definition of life. One stated goal of this universal definition is to aid in understanding and identifying artificial and extraterrestrial life. The seven pillars are Program, Improvisa... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mini-STX | Mini-STX (mSTX, Mini Socket Technology EXtended, originally "Intel 5x5") is a computer motherboard form factor that was released by Intel in 2015 (as "Intel 5x5").
These motherboards measure 147mm by 140mm (5.8" x 5.5"), making them larger than "4x4" NUC (102x102mm / 4.01" x 4.01" inches) and Nano-ITX (120x120mm / 4... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20computability%20and%20complexity%20topics | This is a list of computability and complexity topics, by Wikipedia page.
Computability theory is the part of the theory of computation that deals with what can be computed, in principle. Computational complexity theory deals with how hard computations are, in quantitative terms, both with upper bounds (algorithms who... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinalophototroph | A retinalophototroph is one of two different types of phototrophs, and are named for retinal-binding proteins (microbial rhodopsins) they utilize for cell signaling and converting light into energy. Like all photoautotrophs, retinalophototrophs absorb photons to initiate their cellular processes. However, unlike all ph... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal%20death%20time | Thermal death time is how long it takes to kill a specific bacterium at a specific temperature. It was originally developed for food canning and has found applications in cosmetics, producing salmonella-free feeds for animals (e.g. poultry) and pharmaceuticals.
History
In 1895, William Lyman Underwood of the Underwood... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratory%20automation | Laboratory automation is a multi-disciplinary strategy to research, develop, optimize and capitalize on technologies in the laboratory that enable new and improved processes. Laboratory automation professionals are academic, commercial and government researchers, scientists and engineers who conduct research and devel... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inequality%20%28mathematics%29 | In mathematics, an inequality is a relation which makes a non-equal comparison between two numbers or other mathematical expressions. It is used most often to compare two numbers on the number line by their size. There are several different notations used to represent different kinds of inequalities:
The notation a < ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richards%27%20theorem | Richards' theorem is a mathematical result due to Paul I. Richards in 1947. The theorem states that for,
if is a positive-real function (PRF) then is a PRF for all real, positive values of .
The theorem has applications in electrical network synthesis. The PRF property of an impedance function determines whether ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dataflow%20architecture | Dataflow architecture is a dataflow-based computer architecture that directly contrasts the traditional von Neumann architecture or control flow architecture. Dataflow architectures have no program counter, in concept: the executability and execution of instructions is solely determined based on the availability of inp... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pin%20compatibility | In electronics, pin-compatible devices are electronic components, generally integrated circuits or expansion cards, sharing a common footprint and with the same functions assigned or usable on the same pins. Pin compatibility is a property desired by systems integrators as it allows a product to be updated without rede... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal%20analysis | Thermal analysis is a branch of materials science where the properties of materials are studied as they change with temperature. Several methods are commonly used – these are distinguished from one another by the property which is measured:
Dielectric thermal analysis: dielectric permittivity and loss factor
Diffe... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microwave%20Imaging%20Radiometer%20with%20Aperture%20Synthesis | Microwave Imaging Radiometer with Aperture Synthesis (MIRAS) is the major instrument on the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity satellite (SMOS). MIRAS employs a planar antenna composed of a central body (the so-called hub) and three telescoping, deployable arms, in total 69 receivers on the Unit. Each receiver is compose... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnocomputing | Ethnocomputing is the study of the interactions between computing and culture. It is carried out through theoretical analysis, empirical investigation, and design implementation. It includes research on the impact of computing on society, as well as the reverse: how cultural, historical, personal, and societal origins ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector%20notation | In mathematics and physics, vector notation is a commonly used notation for representing vectors, which may be Euclidean vectors, or more generally, members of a vector space.
For representing a vector, the common typographic convention is lower case, upright boldface type, as in . The International Organization for ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical%20object | In common usage and classical mechanics, a physical object or physical body (or simply an object or body) is a collection of matter within a defined contiguous boundary in three-dimensional space. The boundary surface must be defined and identified by the properties of the material, although it may change over time. Th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoclonality | In biology, monoclonality refers to the state of a line of cells that have been derived from a single clonal origin. Thus, "monoclonal cells" can be said to form a single clone. The term monoclonal comes .
The process of replication can occur in vivo, or may be stimulated in vitro for laboratory manipulations. The us... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector%20potential | In vector calculus, a vector potential is a vector field whose curl is a given vector field. This is analogous to a scalar potential, which is a scalar field whose gradient is a given vector field.
Formally, given a vector field v, a vector potential is a vector field A such that
Consequence
If a vector field v admi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network-Integrated%20Multimedia%20Middleware | The Network-Integrated Multimedia Middleware (NMM) is a flow graph based multimedia framework. NMM allows creating distributed multimedia applications: local and remote multimedia devices or software components can be controlled transparently and integrated into a common multimedia processing flow graph. NMM is impleme... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical%20properties%20of%20water%20and%20ice | The refractive index of water at 20 °C for visible light is 1.33. The refractive index of normal ice is 1.31 (from List of refractive indices). In general, an index of refraction is a complex number with real and imaginary parts, where the latter indicates the strength of absorption loss at a particular wavelength. In ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analogue%20electronics | Analogue electronics () are electronic systems with a continuously variable signal, in contrast to digital electronics where signals usually take only two levels. The term "analogue" describes the proportional relationship between a signal and a voltage or current that represents the signal. The word analogue is derive... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20partial%20differential%20equation%20topics | This is a list of partial differential equation topics.
General topics
Partial differential equation
Nonlinear partial differential equation
list of nonlinear partial differential equations
Boundary condition
Boundary value problem
Dirichlet problem, Dirichlet boundary condition
Neumann boundary condition
Stefan pro... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Address%20space | In computing, an address space defines a range of discrete addresses, each of which may correspond to a network host, peripheral device, disk sector, a memory cell or other logical or physical entity.
For software programs to save and retrieve stored data, each datum must have an address where it can be located. The n... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilinear%20time%E2%80%93frequency%20distribution | Bilinear time–frequency distributions, or quadratic time–frequency distributions, arise in a sub-field of signal analysis and signal processing called time–frequency signal processing, and, in the statistical analysis of time series data. Such methods are used where one needs to deal with a situation where the frequenc... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shearlet | In applied mathematical analysis, shearlets are a multiscale framework which allows efficient encoding of anisotropic features in multivariate problem classes. Originally, shearlets were introduced in 2006 for the analysis and sparse approximation of functions . They are a natural extension of wavelets, to accommodate... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RIPAC%20%28microprocessor%29 | RIPAC was a VLSI single-chip microprocessor designed for automatic recognition of the connected speech, one of the first of this use.
The project of the microprocessor RIPAC started in 1984. RIPAC was aimed to provide efficient real-time speech recognition services to the italian telephone system provided by SIP. The ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological%20pacemaker | A biological pacemaker is one or more types of cellular components that, when "implanted or injected into certain regions of the heart," produce specific electrical stimuli that mimic that of the body's natural pacemaker cells. Biological pacemakers are indicated for issues such as heart block, slow heart rate, and asy... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alberto%20Diaspro | Alberto Diaspro (born April 7, 1959, in Genoa, Italy) is an Italian scientist. He received his doctoral degree in electronic engineering from the university of Genoa, Italy, in 1983. He is full professor in applied physics at university of Genoa. He is research director of Nanoscopy Italian Institute of Technology. Alb... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic%20speed%20control | An electronic speed control (ESC) is an electronic circuit that controls and regulates the speed of an electric motor. It may also provide reversing of the motor and dynamic braking.
Miniature electronic speed controls are used in electrically powered radio controlled models. Full-size electric vehicles also have syst... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathological%20%28mathematics%29 | In mathematics, when a mathematical phenomenon runs counter to some intuition, then the phenomenon is sometimes called pathological. On the other hand, if a phenomenon does not run counter to intuition,
it is sometimes called well-behaved. These terms are sometimes useful in mathematical research and teaching, but the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kappa%20organism | In biology, Kappa organism or Kappa particle refers to inheritable cytoplasmic symbionts, occurring in some strains of the ciliate Paramecium. Paramecium strains possessing the particles are known as "killer paramecia". They liberate a substance also known as paramecin into the culture medium that is lethal to Parameci... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embedded%20C | Embedded C is a set of language extensions for the C programming language by the C Standards Committee to address commonality issues that exist between C extensions for different embedded systems.
Embedded C programming typically requires nonstandard extensions to the C language in order to support enhanced micropro... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulse-width%20modulation | Pulse-width modulation (PWM), also known as pulse-duration modulation (PDM) or pulse-length modulation (PLM), is a method of controlling the average power or amplitude delivered by an electrical signal. The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by switching the supply between 0 and 100% a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cospeciation | Cospeciation is a form of coevolution in which the speciation of one species dictates speciation of another species and is most commonly studied in host-parasite relationships. In the case of a host-parasite relationship, if two hosts of the same species get within close proximity of each other, parasites of the same s... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super-resolution%20imaging | Super-resolution imaging (SR) is a class of techniques that enhance (increase) the resolution of an imaging system. In optical SR the diffraction limit of systems is transcended, while in geometrical SR the resolution of digital imaging sensors is enhanced.
In some radar and sonar imaging applications (e.g. magnetic r... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packard%20Bell%20Statesman | The Packard Bell Statesman was an economy line of notebook computers introduced in 1993 by Packard Bell. They were slower in performance and lacked features compared to most competitor products, but they were lower in price. It was created in a collaboration between Packard Bell and Zenith Data Systems. The Statesman s... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural%20logarithm%20of%202 | The decimal value of the natural logarithm of 2
is approximately
The logarithm of 2 in other bases is obtained with the formula
The common logarithm in particular is ()
The inverse of this number is the binary logarithm of 10:
().
By the Lindemann–Weierstrass theorem, the natural logarithm of any natural number o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software%20design | Software design is the process by which an agent creates a specification of a software artifact intended to accomplish goals, using a set of primitive components and subject to constraints. The term is sometimes used broadly to refer to "all the activity involved in conceptualizing, framing, implementing, commissioning... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiles%27s%20proof%20of%20Fermat%27s%20Last%20Theorem | Wiles's proof of Fermat's Last Theorem is a proof by British mathematician Andrew Wiles of a special case of the modularity theorem for elliptic curves. Together with Ribet's theorem, it provides a proof for Fermat's Last Theorem. Both Fermat's Last Theorem and the modularity theorem were almost universally considered ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vedic%20Mathematics | Vedic Mathematics is a book written by the Indian monk Bharati Krishna Tirtha, and first published in 1965. It contains a list of mathematical techniques, which were falsely claimed to have been retrieved from the Vedas and to contain advanced mathematical knowledge.
Krishna Tirtha failed to produce the sources, and s... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless%20onion%20router | A wireless onion router is a router that uses Tor to connect securely to a network. The onion router allows the user to connect to the internet anonymously creating an anonymous connection. Tor works using an overlaid network which is free throughout the world, this overlay network is created by using numerous relay po... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Product-family%20engineering | Product-family engineering (PFE), also known as product-line engineering, is based on the ideas of "domain engineering" created by the Software Engineering Institute, a term coined by James Neighbors in his 1980 dissertation at University of California, Irvine. Software product lines are quite common in our daily lives... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OSIAN | OSIAN, or Open Source IPv6 Automation Network, is a free and open-source implementation of IPv6 networking for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). OSIAN extends TinyOS, which started as a collaboration between the University of California, Berkeley in co-operation with Intel Research and Crossbow Technology, and has since... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostant%27s%20convexity%20theorem | In mathematics, Kostant's convexity theorem, introduced by , states that the projection of every coadjoint orbit of a connected compact Lie group into the dual of a Cartan subalgebra is a convex set. It is a special case of a more general result for symmetric spaces. Kostant's theorem is a generalization of a result o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infix%20notation | Infix notation is the notation commonly used in arithmetical and logical formulae and statements. It is characterized by the placement of operators between operands—"infixed operators"—such as the plus sign in .
Usage
Binary relations are often denoted by an infix symbol such as set membership a ∈ A when the set A has... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catabiosis | Catabiosis is the process of growing older, aging and physical degradation.
The word comes from Greek "kata"—down, against, reverse and "biosis"—way of life and is generally used to describe senescence and degeneration in living organisms and biophysics of aging in general.
One of the popular catabiotic theories is t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon%20noise | Photon noise is the randomness in signal associated with photons arriving at a detector. For a simple black body emitting on an absorber, the noise-equivalent power is given by
where is the Planck constant, is the central frequency, is the bandwidth, is the occupation number and is the optical efficiency.
The f... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal%20averaging | Signal averaging is a signal processing technique applied in the time domain, intended to increase the strength of a signal relative to noise that is obscuring it. By averaging a set of replicate measurements, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) will be increased, ideally in proportion to the square root of the number of m... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teknomo%E2%80%93Fernandez%20algorithm | The Teknomo–Fernandez algorithm (TF algorithm), is an efficient algorithm for generating the background image of a given video sequence.
By assuming that the background image is shown in the majority of the video, the algorithm is able to generate a good background image of a video in -time using only a small number o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local%20Management%20Interface | Local Management Interface (LMI) is a term for some signaling standards used in networks, namely Frame Relay and Carrier Ethernet.
Frame Relay
LMI is a set of signalling standards between routers and Frame Relay switches. Communication takes place between a router and the first Frame Relay switch to which it is conne... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City%20Nature%20Challenge | The City Nature Challenge is an annual, global, community science competition to document urban biodiversity. The challenge is a bioblitz that engages residents and visitors to find and document plants, animals, and other organisms living in urban areas. The goals are to engage the public in the collection of biodivers... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process%20control%20monitoring | In the application of integrated circuits, process control monitoring (PCM) is the procedure followed to obtain detailed information about the process used.
PCM is associated with designing and fabricating special structures that can monitor technology specific parameters such as Vth in CMOS and Vbe in bipolars. These... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20atmospheric%20optical%20phenomena | Atmospheric optical phenomena include:
Afterglow
Airglow
Alexander's band, the dark region between the two bows of a double rainbow.
Alpenglow
Anthelion
Anticrepuscular rays
Aurora
Auroral light (northern and southern lights, aurora borealis and aurora australis)
Belt of Venus
Brocken Spectre
Circumhorizontal arc
Circu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20aperiodic%20sets%20of%20tiles | In geometry, a tiling is a partition of the plane (or any other geometric setting) into closed sets (called tiles), without gaps or overlaps (other than the boundaries of the tiles). A tiling is considered periodic if there exist translations in two independent directions which map the tiling onto itself. Such a tiling... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proof%20of%20impossibility | In mathematics, a proof of impossibility is a proof that demonstrates that a particular problem cannot be solved as described in the claim, or that a particular set of problems cannot be solved in general. Such a case is also known as a negative proof, proof of an impossibility theorem, or negative result. Proofs of im... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20numerical-analysis%20software | Listed here are notable end-user computer applications intended for use with numerical or data analysis:
Numerical-software packages
General-purpose computer algebra systems
Interface-oriented
Language-oriented
Historically significant
Expensive Desk Calculator written for the TX-0 and PDP-1 in the late 1950s or ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eb/N0 | {{DISPLAYTITLE:Eb/N0}}
In digital communication or data transmission, (energy per bit to noise power spectral density ratio) is a normalized signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) measure, also known as the "SNR per bit". It is especially useful when comparing the bit error rate (BER) performance of different digital modulation... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square-law%20detector | In electronic signal processing, a square law detector is a device that produces an output proportional to the square of some input. For example, in demodulating radio signals, a semiconductor diode can be used as a square law detector, providing an output current proportional to the square of the amplitude of the inpu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas%20Baxter%20%28mathematician%29 | Thomas Baxter ( 1732–1740), was a schoolmaster and mathematician who published an erroneous method of squaring the circle. He was derided as a "pseudo-mathematician" by F. Y. Edgeworth, writing for the Dictionary of National Biography.
When he was master of a private school at Crathorne, North Yorkshire, Baxter compos... |
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