id stringlengths 9 16 | title stringlengths 4 278 | categories listlengths 1 13 | abstract stringlengths 3 4.08k | filtered_category_membership dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
2411.16810 | Discrete to Continuous: Generating Smooth Transition Poses from Sign
Language Observation | [
"cs.CV"
] | Generating continuous sign language videos from discrete segments is challenging due to the need for smooth transitions that preserve natural flow and meaning. Traditional approaches that simply concatenate isolated signs often result in abrupt transitions, disrupting video coherence. To address this, we propose a nove... | {
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2411.16813 | Fine-Tuning LLMs with Noisy Data for Political Argument Generation and
Post Guidance | [
"cs.CL",
"cs.AI"
] | The incivility in social media discourse complicates the deployment of automated text generation models for politically sensitive content. Fine-tuning and prompting strategies are critical, but underexplored, solutions to mitigate toxicity in such contexts. This study investigates the fine-tuning and prompting effects ... | {
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2411.16815 | FREE-Merging: Fourier Transform for Model Merging with Lightweight
Experts | [
"cs.CV"
] | In the current era of rapid expansion in model scale, there is an increasing availability of open-source model weights for various tasks. However, the capabilities of a single fine-tuned model often fall short of meeting diverse deployment needs. Model merging has thus emerged as a widely focused method for efficiently... | {
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2411.16816 | SplatAD: Real-Time Lidar and Camera Rendering with 3D Gaussian Splatting
for Autonomous Driving | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.GR"
] | Ensuring the safety of autonomous robots, such as self-driving vehicles, requires extensive testing across diverse driving scenarios. Simulation is a key ingredient for conducting such testing in a cost-effective and scalable way. Neural rendering methods have gained popularity, as they can build simulation environment... | {
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2411.16817 | XAI and Android Malware Models | [
"cs.CR",
"cs.LG"
] | Android malware detection based on machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) models is widely used for mobile device security. Such models offer benefits in terms of detection accuracy and efficiency, but it is often difficult to understand how such learning models make decisions. As a result, these popular malware ... | {
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2411.16818 | Enhancing In-Hospital Mortality Prediction Using Multi-Representational
Learning with LLM-Generated Expert Summaries | [
"cs.CL",
"cs.AI",
"cs.LG"
] | In-hospital mortality (IHM) prediction for ICU patients is critical for timely interventions and efficient resource allocation. While structured physiological data provides quantitative insights, clinical notes offer unstructured, context-rich narratives. This study integrates these modalities with Large Language Model... | {
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2411.16819 | Pathways on the Image Manifold: Image Editing via Video Generation | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.AI",
"cs.LG"
] | Recent advances in image editing, driven by image diffusion models, have shown remarkable progress. However, significant challenges remain, as these models often struggle to follow complex edit instructions accurately and frequently compromise fidelity by altering key elements of the original image. Simultaneously, vid... | {
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2411.16820 | DetailGen3D: Generative 3D Geometry Enhancement via Data-Dependent Flow | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.GR"
] | Modern 3D generation methods can rapidly create shapes from sparse or single views, but their outputs often lack geometric detail due to computational constraints. We present DetailGen3D, a generative approach specifically designed to enhance these generated 3D shapes. Our key insight is to model the coarse-to-fine tra... | {
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2411.16821 | KL-geodesics flow matching with a novel sampling scheme | [
"cs.CL",
"cs.LG"
] | Non-autoregressive language models generate all tokens simultaneously, offering potential speed advantages over traditional autoregressive models, but they face challenges in modeling the complex dependencies inherent in text data. In this work, we investigate a conditional flow matching approach for text generation. W... | {
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2411.16824 | Beyond Sight: Towards Cognitive Alignment in LVLM via Enriched Visual
Knowledge | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.AI",
"cs.LG"
] | Does seeing always mean knowing? Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) integrate separately pre-trained vision and language components, often using CLIP-ViT as vision backbone. However, these models frequently encounter a core issue of "cognitive misalignment" between the vision encoder (VE) and the large language model... | {
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2411.16826 | Characterizing the Fragmentation of the Social Media Ecosystem | [
"cs.CY",
"cs.SI",
"physics.soc-ph"
] | The entertainment-driven dynamics of social media platforms encourage users to engage with like-minded individuals and consume content aligned with their beliefs. These dynamics may amplify polarization by reinforcing shared perspectives and reducing exposure to diverse viewpoints. Simultaneously, users migrate from on... | {
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2411.16828 | CLIPS: An Enhanced CLIP Framework for Learning with Synthetic Captions | [
"cs.CV"
] | Previous works show that noisy, web-crawled image-text pairs may limit vision-language pretraining like CLIP and propose learning with synthetic captions as a promising alternative. Our work continues this effort, introducing two simple yet effective designs to better leverage richly described synthetic captions. First... | {
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2411.16829 | Decision Making under the Exponential Family: Distributionally Robust
Optimisation with Bayesian Ambiguity Sets | [
"cs.LG",
"math.OC"
] | Decision making under uncertainty is challenging as the data-generating process (DGP) is often unknown. Bayesian inference proceeds by estimating the DGP through posterior beliefs on the model's parameters. However, minimising the expected risk under these beliefs can lead to suboptimal decisions due to model uncertain... | {
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2411.16832 | Edit Away and My Face Will not Stay: Personal Biometric Defense against
Malicious Generative Editing | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.AI",
"cs.LG"
] | Recent advancements in diffusion models have made generative image editing more accessible, enabling creative edits but raising ethical concerns, particularly regarding malicious edits to human portraits that threaten privacy and identity security. Existing protection methods primarily rely on adversarial perturbations... | {
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2411.16833 | Open Vocabulary Monocular 3D Object Detection | [
"cs.CV"
] | In this work, we pioneer the study of open-vocabulary monocular 3D object detection, a novel task that aims to detect and localize objects in 3D space from a single RGB image without limiting detection to a predefined set of categories. We formalize this problem, establish baseline methods, and introduce a class-agnost... | {
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2411.16856 | SAR3D: Autoregressive 3D Object Generation and Understanding via
Multi-scale 3D VQVAE | [
"cs.CV"
] | Autoregressive models have demonstrated remarkable success across various fields, from large language models (LLMs) to large multimodal models (LMMs) and 2D content generation, moving closer to artificial general intelligence (AGI). Despite these advances, applying autoregressive approaches to 3D object generation and ... | {
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2411.16863 | Augmenting Multimodal LLMs with Self-Reflective Tokens for
Knowledge-based Visual Question Answering | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.AI",
"cs.CL",
"cs.MM"
] | Multimodal LLMs (MLLMs) are the natural extension of large language models to handle multimodal inputs, combining text and image data. They have recently garnered attention due to their capability to address complex tasks involving both modalities. However, their effectiveness is limited to the knowledge acquired durin... | {
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2411.16870 | RECAST: Reparameterized, Compact weight Adaptation for Sequential Tasks | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.LG"
] | Incremental learning aims to adapt to new sets of categories over time with minimal computational overhead. Prior work often addresses this task by training efficient task-specific adaptors that modify frozen layer weights or features to capture relevant information without affecting predictions on previously learned c... | {
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2411.16872 | Enabling Adoption of Regenerative Agriculture through Soil Carbon
Copilots | [
"cs.IR",
"cs.AI",
"cs.ET"
] | Mitigating climate change requires transforming agriculture to minimize environ mental impact and build climate resilience. Regenerative agricultural practices enhance soil organic carbon (SOC) levels, thus improving soil health and sequestering carbon. A challenge to increasing regenerative agriculture practices is ch... | {
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2411.16877 | PreF3R: Pose-Free Feed-Forward 3D Gaussian Splatting from
Variable-length Image Sequence | [
"cs.CV"
] | We present PreF3R, Pose-Free Feed-forward 3D Reconstruction from an image sequence of variable length. Unlike previous approaches, PreF3R removes the need for camera calibration and reconstructs the 3D Gaussian field within a canonical coordinate frame directly from a sequence of unposed images, enabling efficient nove... | {
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2411.16887 | Modelling to Generate Continuous Alternatives: Enabling Real-Time
Feasible Portfolio Generation in Convex Planning Models | [
"math.OC",
"cs.SY",
"eess.SY"
] | Decarbonization provides new opportunities to plan energy systems for improved health, resilience, equity, and environmental outcomes, but challenges in siting and social acceptance of transition goals and targets threaten progress. Modelling to Generate Alternatives (MGA) provides an optimization method for capturing ... | {
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2411.16890 | U-WNO:U-Net-enhanced Wavelet Neural Operator for fetal head segmentation | [
"eess.IV",
"cs.CV"
] | This article describes the development of a novel U-Net-enhanced Wavelet Neural Operator (U-WNO),which combines wavelet decomposition, operator learning, and an encoder-decoder mechanism. This approach harnesses the superiority of the wavelets in time frequency localization of the functions, and the combine down-sampli... | {
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2411.16891 | Predicting center of mass position in non-cyclic activities: The
influence of acceleration, prediction horizon, and ground reaction forces | [
"cs.RO"
] | The whole-body center of mass (CoM) plays an important role in quantifying human movement. Prediction of future CoM trajectory, modeled as a point mass under influence of external forces, can be a surrogate for inferring intent. Given the current CoM position and velocity, predicting the future CoM position by forward ... | {
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2411.16895 | Explainable AI Approach using Near Misses Analysis | [
"cs.LG"
] | This paper introduces a novel XAI approach based on near-misses analysis (NMA). This approach reveals a hierarchy of logical 'concepts' inferred from the latent decision-making process of a Neural Network (NN) without delving into its explicit structure. We examined our proposed XAI approach on different network archit... | {
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2411.16896 | Enhancing Fluorescence Lifetime Parameter Estimation Accuracy with
Differential Transformer Based Deep Learning Model Incorporating Pixelwise
Instrument Response Function | [
"eess.IV",
"cs.AI",
"cs.LG",
"physics.optics"
] | Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging (FLI) is a critical molecular imaging modality that provides unique information about the tissue microenvironment, which is invaluable for biomedical applications. FLI operates by acquiring and analyzing photon time-of-arrival histograms to extract quantitative parameters associated with t... | {
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2411.16898 | G2SDF: Surface Reconstruction from Explicit Gaussians with Implicit SDFs | [
"cs.CV"
] | State-of-the-art novel view synthesis methods such as 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) achieve remarkable visual quality. While 3DGS and its variants can be rendered efficiently using rasterization, many tasks require access to the underlying 3D surface, which remains challenging to extract due to the sparse and explicit n... | {
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2411.16901 | Deep Convolutional Neural Networks Structured Pruning via Gravity
Regularization | [
"cs.CV"
] | Structured pruning is a widely employed strategy for accelerating deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs). However, existing methods often necessitate modifications to the original architectures, involve complex implementations, and require lengthy fine-tuning stages. To address these challenges, we propose a novel ... | {
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2411.16905 | Boundless Socratic Learning with Language Games | [
"cs.AI",
"cs.CL"
] | An agent trained within a closed system can master any desired capability, as long as the following three conditions hold: (a) it receives sufficiently informative and aligned feedback, (b) its coverage of experience/data is broad enough, and (c) it has sufficient capacity and resource. In this position paper, we justi... | {
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2411.16908 | Electromagnetic Formation Flying with State and Input Constraints Using
Alternating Magnetic Field Forces | [
"eess.SY",
"cs.MA",
"cs.SY"
] | This article presents a feedback control algorithm for electromagnetic formation flying with constraints on the satellites' states and control inputs. The algorithm combines several key techniques. First, we use alternating magnetic field forces to decouple the electromagnetic forces between each pair of satellites in ... | {
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2411.16909 | Graph-based Simulation Framework for Power Resilience Estimation and
Enhancement | [
"eess.SY",
"cs.SY"
] | The increasing frequency of extreme weather events poses significant risks to power distribution systems, leading to widespread outages and severe economic and social consequences. This paper presents a novel simulation framework for assessing and enhancing the resilience of power distribution networks under such condi... | {
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2411.16911 | Avoiding Deadlocks Is Not Enough: Analysis and Resolution of Blocked
Airplanes | [
"eess.SY",
"cs.SY"
] | The foreseen increased usage of unmanned airplanes has been shown to lead to the emergence of pathological phenomena referred to as blocking in which airplanes stick together and fly in parallel for a long time. Although deadlock, a well-known pathological phenomenon in multi-agent systems, has been widely studied, it ... | {
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2411.16913 | Entropies of the Poisson distribution as functions of intensity:
"normal" and "anomalous" behavior | [
"math.PR",
"cs.IT",
"math.IT"
] | The paper extends the analysis of the entropies of the Poisson distribution with parameter $\lambda$. It demonstrates that the Tsallis and Sharma-Mittal entropies exhibit monotonic behavior with respect to $\lambda$, whereas two generalized forms of the R\'enyi entropy may exhibit "anomalous" (non-monotonic) behavior. ... | {
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2411.16914 | Curvature in the Looking-Glass: Optimal Methods to Exploit Curvature of
Expectation in the Loss Landscape | [
"cs.LG",
"stat.ML"
] | Harnessing the local topography of the loss landscape is a central challenge in advanced optimization tasks. By accounting for the effect of potential parameter changes, we can alter the model more efficiently. Contrary to standard assumptions, we find that the Hessian does not always approximate loss curvature well, p... | {
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2411.16917 | Are Transformers Truly Foundational for Robotics? | [
"cs.RO",
"cs.AI"
] | Generative Pre-Trained Transformers (GPTs) are hyped to revolutionize robotics. Here we question their utility. GPTs for autonomous robotics demand enormous and costly compute, excessive training times and (often) offboard wireless control. We contrast GPT state of the art with how tiny insect brains have achieved robu... | {
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2411.16926 | Context-Aware Input Orchestration for Video Inpainting | [
"cs.CV"
] | Traditional neural network-driven inpainting methods struggle to deliver high-quality results within the constraints of mobile device processing power and memory. Our research introduces an innovative approach to optimize memory usage by altering the composition of input data. Typically, video inpainting relies on a pr... | {
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2411.16927 | ASSERTIFY: Utilizing Large Language Models to Generate Assertions for
Production Code | [
"cs.SE",
"cs.AI"
] | Production assertions are statements embedded in the code to help developers validate their assumptions about the code. They assist developers in debugging, provide valuable documentation, and enhance code comprehension. Current research in this area primarily focuses on assertion generation for unit tests using techni... | {
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2411.16930 | Performance Evaluation of Deep Learning-Based State Estimation: A
Comparative Study of KalmanNet | [
"cs.RO",
"cs.LG"
] | Kalman Filters (KF) are fundamental to real-time state estimation applications, including radar-based tracking systems used in modern driver assistance and safety technologies. In a linear dynamical system with Gaussian noise distributions the KF is the optimal estimator. However, real-world systems often deviate from ... | {
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2411.16931 | Performance Assessment of Lidar Odometry Frameworks: A Case Study at the
Australian Botanic Garden Mount Annan | [
"cs.RO"
] | Autonomous vehicles are being tested in diverse environments worldwide. However, a notable gap exists in evaluating datasets representing natural, unstructured environments such as forests or gardens. To address this, we present a study on localisation at the Australian Botanic Garden Mount Annan. This area encompasses... | {
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2411.16932 | Seq2Time: Sequential Knowledge Transfer for Video LLM Temporal Grounding | [
"cs.CV"
] | Temporal awareness is essential for video large language models (LLMs) to understand and reason about events within long videos, enabling applications like dense video captioning and temporal video grounding in a unified system. However, the scarcity of long videos with detailed captions and precise temporal annotation... | {
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2411.16934 | Online Episodic Memory Visual Query Localization with Egocentric
Streaming Object Memory | [
"cs.CV"
] | Episodic memory retrieval aims to enable wearable devices with the ability to recollect from past video observations objects or events that have been observed (e.g., "where did I last see my smartphone?"). Despite the clear relevance of the task for a wide range of assistive systems, current task formulations are based... | {
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2411.16936 | Harnessing LLMs for Educational Content-Driven Italian Crossword
Generation | [
"cs.CL",
"cs.AI"
] | In this work, we unveil a novel tool for generating Italian crossword puzzles from text, utilizing advanced language models such as GPT-4o, Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.3, and Llama3-8b-Instruct. Crafted specifically for educational applications, this cutting-edge generator makes use of the comprehensive Italian-Clue-Instruc... | {
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2411.16937 | Traffic Wave Properties for Automated Vehicles During Traffic
Oscillations via Analytical Approximations | [
"eess.SY",
"cs.SY"
] | This paper presents an analytical approximation framework to understand the dynamics of traffic wave propagation for Automated Vehicles (AVs) during traffic oscillations. The framework systematically unravels the intricate relationships between the longitudinal control model of the AVs and the properties of traffic wav... | {
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2411.16940 | The Radiance of Neural Fields: Democratizing Photorealistic and Dynamic
Robotic Simulation | [
"cs.RO"
] | As robots increasingly coexist with humans, they must navigate complex, dynamic environments rich in visual information and implicit social dynamics, like when to yield or move through crowds. Addressing these challenges requires significant advances in vision-based sensing and a deeper understanding of socio-dynamic f... | {
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2411.16946 | Lens Distortion Encoding System Version 1.0 | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.GR",
"cs.MM"
] | Lens Distortion Encoding System (LDES) allows for a distortion-accurate workflow, with a seamless interchange of high quality motion picture images regardless of the lens source. This system is similar in a concept to the Academy Color Encoding System (ACES), but for distortion. Presented solution is fully compatible w... | {
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2411.16949 | A SAM-guided and Match-based Semi-Supervised Segmentation Framework for
Medical Imaging | [
"cs.CV"
] | This study introduces SAMatch, a SAM-guided Match-based framework for semi-supervised medical image segmentation, aimed at improving pseudo label quality in data-scarce scenarios. While Match-based frameworks are effective, they struggle with low-quality pseudo labels due to the absence of ground truth. SAM, pre-traine... | {
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2411.16954 | Understanding GEMM Performance and Energy on NVIDIA Ada Lovelace: A
Machine Learning-Based Analytical Approach | [
"cs.DC",
"cs.AI",
"cs.PF"
] | Analytical framework for predicting General Matrix Multiplication (GEMM) performance on modern GPUs, focusing on runtime, power consumption, and energy efficiency. Our study employs two approaches: a custom-implemented tiled matrix multiplication kernel for fundamental analysis, and NVIDIA's CUTLASS library for compreh... | {
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2411.16955 | Probing the limitations of multimodal language models for chemistry and
materials research | [
"cs.LG",
"cond-mat.mtrl-sci"
] | Recent advancements in artificial intelligence have sparked interest in scientific assistants that could support researchers across the full spectrum of scientific workflows, from literature review to experimental design and data analysis. A key capability for such systems is the ability to process and reason about sci... | {
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2411.16956 | Contrastive Deep Learning Reveals Age Biomarkers in Histopathological
Skin Biopsies | [
"eess.IV",
"cs.AI",
"cs.CV"
] | As global life expectancy increases, so does the burden of chronic diseases, yet individuals exhibit considerable variability in the rate at which they age. Identifying biomarkers that distinguish fast from slow ageing is crucial for understanding the biology of ageing, enabling early disease detection, and improving p... | {
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2411.16959 | RoCoDA: Counterfactual Data Augmentation for Data-Efficient Robot
Learning from Demonstrations | [
"cs.RO",
"cs.AI",
"cs.CV",
"cs.LG"
] | Imitation learning in robotics faces significant challenges in generalization due to the complexity of robotic environments and the high cost of data collection. We introduce RoCoDA, a novel method that unifies the concepts of invariance, equivariance, and causality within a single framework to enhance data augmentatio... | {
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2411.16961 | Glo-In-One-v2: Holistic Identification of Glomerular Cells, Tissues, and
Lesions in Human and Mouse Histopathology | [
"eess.IV",
"cs.CV"
] | Segmenting glomerular intraglomerular tissue and lesions traditionally depends on detailed morphological evaluations by expert nephropathologists, a labor-intensive process susceptible to interobserver variability. Our group previously developed the Glo-In-One toolkit for integrated detection and segmentation of glomer... | {
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2411.16962 | Strengthening Power System Resilience to Extreme Weather Events Through
Grid Enhancing Technologies | [
"eess.SY",
"cs.ET",
"cs.SY",
"math.DS"
] | Climate change significantly increases risks to power systems, exacerbating issues such as aging infrastructure, evolving regulations, cybersecurity threats, and fluctuating demand. This paper focuses on the utilization of Grid Enhancing Technologies (GETs) to strengthen power system resilience in the face of extreme w... | {
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2411.16964 | MotionWavelet: Human Motion Prediction via Wavelet Manifold Learning | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.GR",
"cs.RO"
] | Modeling temporal characteristics and the non-stationary dynamics of body movement plays a significant role in predicting human future motions. However, it is challenging to capture these features due to the subtle transitions involved in the complex human motions. This paper introduces MotionWavelet, a human motion pr... | {
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2411.16965 | Understanding trade-offs in classifier bias with quality-diversity
optimization: an application to talent management | [
"cs.NE"
] | Fairness,the impartial treatment towards individuals or groups regardless of their inherent or acquired characteristics [20], is a critical challenge for the successful implementation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in multiple fields like finances, human capital, and housing. A major struggle for the development of fa... | {
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2411.16969 | ZoomLDM: Latent Diffusion Model for multi-scale image generation | [
"cs.CV"
] | Diffusion models have revolutionized image generation, yet several challenges restrict their application to large-image domains, such as digital pathology and satellite imagery. Given that it is infeasible to directly train a model on 'whole' images from domains with potential gigapixel sizes, diffusion-based generativ... | {
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2411.16971 | Generative vs. Predictive Models in Massive MIMO Channel Prediction | [
"cs.IT",
"cs.NI",
"math.IT"
] | Massive MIMO (mMIMO) systems are essential for 5G/6G networks to meet high throughput and reliability demands, with machine learning (ML)-based techniques, particularly autoencoders (AEs), showing promise for practical deployment. However, standard AEs struggle under noisy channel conditions, limiting their effectivene... | {
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2411.16972 | Clustering Time Series Data with Gaussian Mixture Embeddings in a Graph
Autoencoder Framework | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.AI",
"eess.SP"
] | Time series data analysis is prevalent across various domains, including finance, healthcare, and environmental monitoring. Traditional time series clustering methods often struggle to capture the complex temporal dependencies inherent in such data. In this paper, we propose the Variational Mixture Graph Autoencoder (V... | {
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2411.16973 | SEMU-Net: A Segmentation-based Corrector for Fabrication Process
Variations of Nanophotonics with Microscopic Images | [
"cs.CV",
"eess.IV"
] | Integrated silicon photonic devices, which manipulate light to transmit and process information on a silicon-on-insulator chip, are highly sensitive to structural variations. Minor deviations during nanofabrication-the precise process of building structures at the nanometer scale-such as over- or under-etching, corner ... | {
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2411.16975 | ExpTest: Automating Learning Rate Searching and Tuning with Insights
from Linearized Neural Networks | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.AI"
] | Hyperparameter tuning remains a significant challenge for the training of deep neural networks (DNNs), requiring manual and/or time-intensive grid searches, increasing resource costs and presenting a barrier to the democratization of machine learning. The global initial learning rate for DNN training is particularly im... | {
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2411.16985 | Teaching Smaller Language Models To Generalise To Unseen Compositional
Questions (Full Thesis) | [
"cs.CL",
"cs.AI"
] | Pretrained large Language Models (LLMs) are able to answer questions that are unlikely to have been encountered during training. However a diversity of potential applications exist in the broad domain of reasoning systems and considerations such as latency, cost, available compute resource and internet connectivity are... | {
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2411.16989 | CMAViT: Integrating Climate, Managment, and Remote Sensing Data for Crop
Yield Estimation with Multimodel Vision Transformers | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.LG"
] | Crop yield prediction is essential for agricultural planning but remains challenging due to the complex interactions between weather, climate, and management practices. To address these challenges, we introduce a deep learning-based multi-model called Climate-Management Aware Vision Transformer (CMAViT), designed for p... | {
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2411.16990 | Enabling Skip Graphs to Process K-Dimensional Range Queries in a Mobile
Sensor Network | [
"cs.IT",
"cs.DM",
"cs.DS",
"cs.NI",
"math.IT"
] | A skip graph is a resilient application-layer routing structure that supports range queries of distributed k-dimensional data. By sorting deterministic keys into groups based on locally computed random membership vectors, nodes in a standard skip graph can optimize range query performance in mobile networks such as unm... | {
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2411.16991 | Dynamic Self-Distillation via Previous Mini-batches for Fine-tuning
Small Language Models | [
"cs.CL"
] | Knowledge distillation (KD) has become a widely adopted approach for compressing large language models (LLMs) to reduce computational costs and memory footprints. However, the availability of complex teacher models is a prerequisite for running most KD pipelines. Thus, the traditional KD procedure can be unachievable o... | {
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2411.16992 | Improving Deformable Image Registration Accuracy through a Hybrid
Similarity Metric and CycleGAN Based Auto-Segmentation | [
"physics.med-ph",
"cs.CV"
] | Purpose: Deformable image registration (DIR) is critical in adaptive radiation therapy (ART) to account for anatomical changes. Conventional intensity-based DIR methods often fail when image intensities differ. This study evaluates a hybrid similarity metric combining intensity and structural information, leveraging Cy... | {
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2411.16993 | Tree Transformers are an Ineffective Model of Syntactic Constituency | [
"cs.CL"
] | Linguists have long held that a key aspect of natural language syntax is the recursive organization of language units into constituent structures, and research has suggested that current state-of-the-art language models lack an inherent bias towards this feature. A number of alternative models have been proposed to pro... | {
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2411.16995 | Curvature Informed Furthest Point Sampling | [
"cs.CV"
] | Point cloud representation has gained traction due to its efficient memory usage and simplicity in acquisition, manipulation, and storage. However, as point cloud sizes increase, effective down-sampling becomes essential to address the computational requirements of downstream tasks. Classical approaches, such as furthe... | {
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2411.16996 | CRASH: Challenging Reinforcement-Learning Based Adversarial Scenarios
For Safety Hardening | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.RO"
] | Ensuring the safety of autonomous vehicles (AVs) requires identifying rare but critical failure cases that on-road testing alone cannot discover. High-fidelity simulations provide a scalable alternative, but automatically generating realistic and diverse traffic scenarios that can effectively stress test AV motion plan... | {
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2411.16999 | Information Control Barrier Functions: Preventing Localization Failures
in Mobile Systems Through Control | [
"eess.SY",
"cs.SY"
] | This paper develops a new framework for preventing localization failures in mobile systems that must estimate their state using measurements. Safety is guaranteed by imposing the nonlinear least squares optimization solved in modern localization algorithms remains well-conditioned. Specifically, the eigenvalues of the ... | {
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2411.17000 | SatVision-TOA: A Geospatial Foundation Model for Coarse-Resolution
All-Sky Remote Sensing Imagery | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.AI",
"cs.LG"
] | Foundation models have the potential to transform the landscape of remote sensing (RS) data analysis by enabling large computer vision models to be pre-trained on vast amounts of remote sensing data. These models can then be fine-tuned with small amounts of labeled training and applied to a variety of applications. Mos... | {
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2411.17002 | Words Matter: Leveraging Individual Text Embeddings for Code Generation
in CLIP Test-Time Adaptation | [
"cs.CV"
] | Vision-language foundation models, such as CLIP, have shown unprecedented zero-shot performance across a wide range of tasks. Nevertheless, these models may be unreliable under distributional shifts, as their performance is significantly degraded. In this work, we explore how to efficiently leverage class text informat... | {
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2411.17003 | Can a Single Tree Outperform an Entire Forest? | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.AI",
"stat.ML"
] | The prevailing mindset is that a single decision tree underperforms classic random forests in testing accuracy, despite its advantages in interpretability and lightweight structure. This study challenges such a mindset by significantly improving the testing accuracy of an oblique regression tree through our gradient-ba... | {
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2411.17006 | Event-based Spiking Neural Networks for Object Detection: A Review of
Datasets, Architectures, Learning Rules, and Implementation | [
"cs.CV"
] | Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) represent a biologically inspired paradigm offering an energy-efficient alternative to conventional artificial neural networks (ANNs) for Computer Vision (CV) applications. This paper presents a systematic review of datasets, architectures, learning methods, implementation techniques, and... | {
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2411.17009 | HOPE: Homomorphic Order-Preserving Encryption for Outsourced Databases
-- A Stateless Approach | [
"cs.CR",
"cs.DB"
] | Order-preserving encryption (OPE) is a fundamental cryptographic tool for enabling efficient range queries on encrypted data in outsourced databases. Despite its importance, existing OPE schemes face critical limitations that hinder their practicality. Stateful designs require clients to maintain plaintext-to-ciphertex... | {
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2411.17014 | Entropy-Based Dynamic Programming for Efficient Vehicle Parking | [
"eess.SY",
"cs.SY"
] | In urban environments, parking has proven to be a significant source of congestion and inefficiency. In this study, we propose a methodology that offers a systematic solution to minimize the time spent by drivers in finding parking spaces. Drawing inspiration from statistical mechanics, we utilize an entropy model to p... | {
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2411.17017 | TED-VITON: Transformer-Empowered Diffusion Models for Virtual Try-On | [
"cs.CV"
] | Recent advancements in Virtual Try-On (VTO) have demonstrated exceptional efficacy in generating realistic images and preserving garment details, largely attributed to the robust generative capabilities of text-to-image (T2I) diffusion backbones. However, the T2I models that underpin these methods have become outdated,... | {
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2411.17026 | RED: Robust Environmental Design | [
"cs.CV"
] | The classification of road signs by autonomous systems, especially those reliant on visual inputs, is highly susceptible to adversarial attacks. Traditional approaches to mitigating such vulnerabilities have focused on enhancing the robustness of classification models. In contrast, this paper adopts a fundamentally dif... | {
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2411.17027 | D$^2$-World: An Efficient World Model through Decoupled Dynamic Flow | [
"cs.CV"
] | This technical report summarizes the second-place solution for the Predictive World Model Challenge held at the CVPR-2024 Workshop on Foundation Models for Autonomous Systems. We introduce D$^2$-World, a novel World model that effectively forecasts future point clouds through Decoupled Dynamic flow. Specifically, the p... | {
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2411.17030 | g3D-LF: Generalizable 3D-Language Feature Fields for Embodied Tasks | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.AI",
"cs.RO"
] | We introduce Generalizable 3D-Language Feature Fields (g3D-LF), a 3D representation model pre-trained on large-scale 3D-language dataset for embodied tasks. Our g3D-LF processes posed RGB-D images from agents to encode feature fields for: 1) Novel view representation predictions from any position in the 3D scene; 2) Ge... | {
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2411.17034 | Dynamic Programming-Based Redundancy Resolution for Path Planning of
Redundant Manipulators Considering Breakpoints | [
"cs.RO"
] | This paper proposes a redundancy resolution algorithm for a redundant manipulator based on dynamic programming. This algorithm can compute the desired joint angles at each point on a pre-planned discrete path in Cartesian space, while ensuring that the angles, velocities, and accelerations of each joint do not exceed t... | {
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2411.17040 | Multimodal Alignment and Fusion: A Survey | [
"cs.CV"
] | This survey offers a comprehensive review of recent advancements in multimodal alignment and fusion within machine learning, spurred by the growing diversity of data types such as text, images, audio, and video. Multimodal integration enables improved model accuracy and broader applicability by leveraging complementary... | {
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2411.17041 | Free$^2$Guide: Gradient-Free Path Integral Control for Enhancing
Text-to-Video Generation with Large Vision-Language Models | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.AI",
"cs.LG"
] | Diffusion models have achieved impressive results in generative tasks like text-to-image (T2I) and text-to-video (T2V) synthesis. However, achieving accurate text alignment in T2V generation remains challenging due to the complex temporal dependency across frames. Existing reinforcement learning (RL)-based approaches t... | {
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2411.17042 | Conformalised Conditional Normalising Flows for Joint Prediction Regions
in time series | [
"stat.ML",
"cs.LG"
] | Conformal Prediction offers a powerful framework for quantifying uncertainty in machine learning models, enabling the construction of prediction sets with finite-sample validity guarantees. While easily adaptable to non-probabilistic models, applying conformal prediction to probabilistic generative models, such as Norm... | {
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2411.17044 | 4D Scaffold Gaussian Splatting for Memory Efficient Dynamic Scene
Reconstruction | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.GR"
] | Existing 4D Gaussian methods for dynamic scene reconstruction offer high visual fidelity and fast rendering. However, these methods suffer from excessive memory and storage demands, which limits their practical deployment. This paper proposes a 4D anchor-based framework that retains visual quality and rendering speed o... | {
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2411.17046 | Large-Scale Data-Free Knowledge Distillation for ImageNet via
Multi-Resolution Data Generation | [
"cs.CV"
] | Data-Free Knowledge Distillation (DFKD) is an advanced technique that enables knowledge transfer from a teacher model to a student model without relying on original training data. While DFKD methods have achieved success on smaller datasets like CIFAR10 and CIFAR100, they encounter challenges on larger, high-resolution... | {
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2411.17048 | PersonalVideo: High ID-Fidelity Video Customization without Dynamic and
Semantic Degradation | [
"cs.CV"
] | The current text-to-video (T2V) generation has made significant progress in synthesizing realistic general videos, but it is still under-explored in identity-specific human video generation with customized ID images. The key challenge lies in maintaining high ID fidelity consistently while preserving the original motio... | {
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2411.17050 | Targeted Clifford logical gates for hypergraph product codes | [
"quant-ph",
"cs.IT",
"math.IT"
] | We construct explicit targeted logical gates for hypergraph product codes. Starting with symplectic matrices for CNOT, CZ, Phase, and Hadamard operators, which together generate the Clifford group, we design explicit transformations that result in targeted logical gates for arbitrary HGP codes. As a concrete example, w... | {
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2411.17051 | Computation-power Coupled Modeling for IDCs and Collaborative
Optimization in ADNs | [
"eess.SY",
"cs.SY"
] | The batch and online workload of Internet data centers (IDCs) offer temporal and spatial scheduling flexibility. Given that power generation costs vary over time and location, harnessing the flexibility of IDCs' energy consumption through workload regulation can optimize the power flow within the system. This paper foc... | {
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2411.17052 | Dynamic Programming-Based Offline Redundancy Resolution of Redundant
Manipulators Along Prescribed Paths with Real-Time Adjustment | [
"cs.RO"
] | Traditional offline redundancy resolution of trajectories for redundant manipulators involves computing inverse kinematic solutions for Cartesian space paths, constraining the manipulator to a fixed path without real-time adjustments. Online redundancy resolution can achieve real-time adjustment of paths, but it cannot... | {
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2411.17056 | Robust Max-Min Fair Beamforming Design for Rate Splitting Multiple
Access-aided Visible Light Communications | [
"cs.IT",
"eess.SP",
"math.IT"
] | This paper addresses the robust beamforming design for rate splitting multiple access (RSMA)-aided visible light communication (VLC) networks with imperfect channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT). In particular, we first derive the theoretical lower bound for the channel capacity of RSMA-aided VLC networks... | {
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2411.17058 | ThreatModeling-LLM: Automating Threat Modeling using Large Language
Models for Banking System | [
"cs.CR",
"cs.AI"
] | Threat modeling is a crucial component of cybersecurity, particularly for industries such as banking, where the security of financial data is paramount. Traditional threat modeling approaches require expert intervention and manual effort, often leading to inefficiencies and human error. The advent of Large Language Mod... | {
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2411.17059 | A generalised novel loss function for computational fluid dynamics | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.CV",
"physics.flu-dyn"
] | Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations are crucial in automotive, aerospace, maritime and medical applications, but are limited by the complexity, cost and computational requirements of directly calculating the flow, often taking days of compute time. Machine-learning architectures, such as controlled generativ... | {
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} |
2411.17060 | Invariant neuromorphic representations of tactile stimuli improve
robustness of a real-time texture classification system | [
"cs.RO",
"eess.SP"
] | Humans have an exquisite sense of touch which robotic and prosthetic systems aim to recreate. We developed algorithms to create neuron-like (neuromorphic) spiking representations of texture that are invariant to the scanning speed and contact force applied in the sensing process. The spiking representations are based o... | {
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} |
2411.17061 | SCASeg: Strip Cross-Attention for Efficient Semantic Segmentation | [
"cs.CV"
] | The Vision Transformer (ViT) has achieved notable success in computer vision, with its variants extensively validated across various downstream tasks, including semantic segmentation. However, designed as general-purpose visual encoders, ViT backbones often overlook the specific needs of task decoders, revealing opport... | {
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} |
2411.17062 | Graph Structure Learning with Bi-level Optimization | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.AI"
] | Currently, most Graph Structure Learning (GSL) methods, as a means of learning graph structure, improve the robustness of GNN merely from a local view by considering the local information related to each edge and indiscriminately applying the mechanism across edges, which may suffer from the local structure heterogenei... | {
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} |
2411.17063 | Contrastive Graph Condensation: Advancing Data Versatility through
Self-Supervised Learning | [
"cs.LG"
] | With the increasing computation of training graph neural networks (GNNs) on large-scale graphs, graph condensation (GC) has emerged as a promising solution to synthesize a compact, substitute graph of the large-scale original graph for efficient GNN training. However, existing GC methods predominantly employ classifica... | {
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} |
2411.17065 | Creative Agents: Simulating the Systems Model of Creativity with
Generative Agents | [
"cs.MA",
"cs.AI"
] | With the growing popularity of generative AI for images, video, and music, we witnessed models rapidly improve in quality and performance. However, not much attention is paid towards enabling AI's ability to "be creative". In this study, we implemented and simulated the systems model of creativity (proposed by Csikszen... | {
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} |
2411.17066 | Relations, Negations, and Numbers: Looking for Logic in Generative
Text-to-Image Models | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.CL",
"cs.SC"
] | Despite remarkable progress in multi-modal AI research, there is a salient domain in which modern AI continues to lag considerably behind even human children: the reliable deployment of logical operators. Here, we examine three forms of logical operators: relations, negations, and discrete numbers. We asked human respo... | {
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} |
2411.17067 | Geometry Field Splatting with Gaussian Surfels | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.GR"
] | Geometric reconstruction of opaque surfaces from images is a longstanding challenge in computer vision, with renewed interest from volumetric view synthesis algorithms using radiance fields. We leverage the geometry field proposed in recent work for stochastic opaque surfaces, which can then be converted to volume dens... | {
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} |
2411.17071 | Fast, Precise Thompson Sampling for Bayesian Optimization | [
"stat.ML",
"cs.LG"
] | Thompson sampling (TS) has optimal regret and excellent empirical performance in multi-armed bandit problems. Yet, in Bayesian optimization, TS underperforms popular acquisition functions (e.g., EI, UCB). TS samples arms according to the probability that they are optimal. A recent algorithm, P-Star Sampler (PSS), perfo... | {
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} |
2411.17073 | Path-RAG: Knowledge-Guided Key Region Retrieval for Open-ended Pathology
Visual Question Answering | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.AI"
] | Accurate diagnosis and prognosis assisted by pathology images are essential for cancer treatment selection and planning. Despite the recent trend of adopting deep-learning approaches for analyzing complex pathology images, they fall short as they often overlook the domain-expert understanding of tissue structure and ce... | {
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} |
2411.17075 | Don't Command, Cultivate: An Exploratory Study of System-2 Alignment | [
"cs.CL"
] | The o1 system card identifies the o1 models as the most robust within OpenAI, with their defining characteristic being the progression from rapid, intuitive thinking to slower, more deliberate reasoning. This observation motivated us to investigate the influence of System-2 thinking patterns on model safety. In our pre... | {
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} |
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