id stringlengths 9 16 | title stringlengths 4 278 | categories listlengths 1 13 | abstract stringlengths 3 4.08k | filtered_category_membership dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
2412.01405 | MambaU-Lite: A Lightweight Model based on Mamba and Integrated
Channel-Spatial Attention for Skin Lesion Segmentation | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.AI"
] | Early detection of skin abnormalities plays a crucial role in diagnosing and treating skin cancer. Segmentation of affected skin regions using AI-powered devices is relatively common and supports the diagnostic process. However, achieving high performance remains a significant challenge due to the need for high-resolut... | {
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2412.01407 | HoloDrive: Holistic 2D-3D Multi-Modal Street Scene Generation for
Autonomous Driving | [
"cs.CV"
] | Generative models have significantly improved the generation and prediction quality on either camera images or LiDAR point clouds for autonomous driving. However, a real-world autonomous driving system uses multiple kinds of input modality, usually cameras and LiDARs, where they contain complementary information for ge... | {
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2412.01408 | Towards Cross-Lingual Audio Abuse Detection in Low-Resource Settings
with Few-Shot Learning | [
"cs.CL",
"cs.AI"
] | Online abusive content detection, particularly in low-resource settings and within the audio modality, remains underexplored. We investigate the potential of pre-trained audio representations for detecting abusive language in low-resource languages, in this case, in Indian languages using Few Shot Learning (FSL). Lever... | {
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2412.01410 | CellSeg1: Robust Cell Segmentation with One Training Image | [
"cs.CV",
"q-bio.QM"
] | Recent trends in cell segmentation have shifted towards universal models to handle diverse cell morphologies and imaging modalities. However, for continuously emerging cell types and imaging techniques, these models still require hundreds or thousands of annotated cells for fine-tuning. We introduce CellSeg1, a practic... | {
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2412.01413 | Impromptu Cybercrime Euphemism Detection | [
"cs.CL"
] | Detecting euphemisms is essential for content security on various social media platforms, but existing methods designed for detecting euphemisms are ineffective in impromptu euphemisms. In this work, we make a first attempt to an exploration of impromptu euphemism detection and introduce the Impromptu Cybercrime Euphem... | {
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2412.01417 | Learning Elementary Cellular Automata with Transformers | [
"cs.NE",
"cs.AI",
"cs.FL"
] | Large Language Models demonstrate remarkable mathematical capabilities but at the same time struggle with abstract reasoning and planning. In this study, we explore whether Transformers can learn to abstract and generalize the rules governing Elementary Cellular Automata. By training Transformers on state sequences gen... | {
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2412.01419 | CSP-AIT-Net: A contrastive learning-enhanced spatiotemporal graph
attention framework for short-term metro OD flow prediction with asynchronous
inflow tracking | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.AI",
"cs.CE"
] | Accurate origin-destination (OD) passenger flow prediction is crucial for enhancing metro system efficiency, optimizing scheduling, and improving passenger experiences. However, current models often fail to effectively capture the asynchronous departure characteristics of OD flows and underutilize the inflow and outflo... | {
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2412.01420 | Task Adaptation of Reinforcement Learning-based NAS Agents through
Transfer Learning | [
"cs.LG"
] | Recently, a novel paradigm has been proposed for reinforcement learning-based NAS agents, that revolves around the incremental improvement of a given architecture. We assess the abilities of such reinforcement learning agents to transfer between different tasks. We perform our evaluation using the Trans-NASBench-101 be... | {
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2412.01422 | MamKPD: A Simple Mamba Baseline for Real-Time 2D Keypoint Detection | [
"cs.CV"
] | Real-time 2D keypoint detection plays an essential role in computer vision. Although CNN-based and Transformer-based methods have achieved breakthrough progress, they often fail to deliver superior performance and real-time speed. This paper introduces MamKPD, the first efficient yet effective mamba-based pose estimati... | {
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2412.01423 | A Top-down Graph-based Tool for Modeling Classical Semantic Maps: A
Crosslinguistic Case Study of Supplementary Adverbs | [
"cs.CL"
] | Semantic map models (SMMs) construct a network-like conceptual space from cross-linguistic instances or forms, based on the connectivity hypothesis. This approach has been widely used to represent similarity and entailment relationships in cross-linguistic concept comparisons. However, most SMMs are manually built by h... | {
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2412.01425 | Reject Threshold Adaptation for Open-Set Model Attribution of Deepfake
Audio | [
"cs.SD",
"cs.AI",
"eess.AS"
] | Open environment oriented open set model attribution of deepfake audio is an emerging research topic, aiming to identify the generation models of deepfake audio. Most previous work requires manually setting a rejection threshold for unknown classes to compare with predicted probabilities. However, models often overfit ... | {
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2412.01427 | FoundIR: Unleashing Million-scale Training Data to Advance Foundation
Models for Image Restoration | [
"cs.CV"
] | Despite the significant progress made by all-in-one models in universal image restoration, existing methods suffer from a generalization bottleneck in real-world scenarios, as they are mostly trained on small-scale synthetic datasets with limited degradations. Therefore, large-scale high-quality real-world training dat... | {
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2412.01429 | CPA: Camera-pose-awareness Diffusion Transformer for Video Generation | [
"cs.CV"
] | Despite the significant advancements made by Diffusion Transformer (DiT)-based methods in video generation, there remains a notable gap with controllable camera pose perspectives. Existing works such as OpenSora do NOT adhere precisely to anticipated trajectories and physical interactions, thereby limiting the flexibil... | {
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2412.01430 | MVImgNet2.0: A Larger-scale Dataset of Multi-view Images | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.AI",
"cs.GR"
] | MVImgNet is a large-scale dataset that contains multi-view images of ~220k real-world objects in 238 classes. As a counterpart of ImageNet, it introduces 3D visual signals via multi-view shooting, making a soft bridge between 2D and 3D vision. This paper constructs the MVImgNet2.0 dataset that expands MVImgNet into a t... | {
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2412.01431 | Semantic Scene Completion with Multi-Feature Data Balancing Network | [
"cs.CV"
] | Semantic Scene Completion (SSC) is a critical task in computer vision, that utilized in applications such as virtual reality (VR). SSC aims to construct detailed 3D models from partial views by transforming a single 2D image into a 3D representation, assigning each voxel a semantic label. The main challenge lies in com... | {
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2412.01438 | Set Size Bound for Aperiodic Z-Complementary Sets | [
"cs.IT",
"math.IT"
] | The widely and commonly adopted upper bound on the set size of aperiodic Z-complementary sets (ZCSs) in the literature has been a conjecture. In this letter, we provide detailed derivations for this conjectured bound. A ZCS is optimal when its set size reaches the upper bound. Furthermore, we propose a new construction... | {
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2412.01440 | DiffPatch: Generating Customizable Adversarial Patches using Diffusion
Model | [
"cs.CV"
] | Physical adversarial patches printed on clothing can easily allow individuals to evade person detectors. However, most existing adversarial patch generation methods prioritize attack effectiveness over stealthiness, resulting in patches that are aesthetically unpleasing. Although existing methods using generative adver... | {
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2412.01441 | LMAct: A Benchmark for In-Context Imitation Learning with Long
Multimodal Demonstrations | [
"cs.AI",
"cs.LG"
] | In this paper, we present a benchmark to pressure-test today's frontier models' multimodal decision-making capabilities in the very long-context regime (up to one million tokens) and investigate whether these models can learn from large numbers of expert demonstrations in their context. We evaluate the performance of C... | {
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2412.01443 | Multi-Facet Blending for Faceted Query-by-Example Retrieval | [
"cs.IR",
"cs.AI",
"cs.CL"
] | With the growing demand to fit fine-grained user intents, faceted query-by-example (QBE), which retrieves similar documents conditioned on specific facets, has gained recent attention. However, prior approaches mainly depend on document-level comparisons using basic indicators like citations due to the lack of facet-le... | {
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2412.01447 | PLD+: Accelerating LLM inference by leveraging Language Model Artifacts | [
"cs.CL",
"cs.AI"
] | To reduce the latency associated with autoretrogressive LLM inference, speculative decoding has emerged as a novel decoding paradigm, where future tokens are drafted and verified in parallel. However, the practical deployment of speculative decoding is hindered by its requirements for additional computational resources... | {
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2412.01450 | Artificial Intelligence for Geometry-Based Feature Extraction, Analysis
and Synthesis in Artistic Images: A Survey | [
"cs.AI",
"cs.CV"
] | Artificial Intelligence significantly enhances the visual art industry by analyzing, identifying and generating digitized artistic images. This review highlights the substantial benefits of integrating geometric data into AI models, addressing challenges such as high inter-class variations, domain gaps, and the separat... | {
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2412.01454 | Bio-Inspired Adaptive Neurons for Dynamic Weighting in Artificial Neural
Networks | [
"cs.NE",
"cs.LG"
] | Traditional neural networks employ fixed weights during inference, limiting their ability to adapt to changing input conditions, unlike biological neurons that adjust signal strength dynamically based on stimuli. This discrepancy between artificial and biological neurons constrains neural network flexibility and adapta... | {
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2412.01455 | Early Exit Is a Natural Capability in Transformer-based Models: An
Empirical Study on Early Exit without Joint Optimization | [
"cs.CL"
] | Large language models (LLMs) exhibit exceptional performance across various downstream tasks. However, they encounter limitations due to slow inference speeds stemming from their extensive parameters. The early exit (EE) is an approach that aims to accelerate auto-regressive decoding. EE generates outputs from intermed... | {
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2412.01456 | Phaseformer: Phase-based Attention Mechanism for Underwater Image
Restoration and Beyond | [
"cs.CV",
"eess.IV"
] | Quality degradation is observed in underwater images due to the effects of light refraction and absorption by water, leading to issues like color cast, haziness, and limited visibility. This degradation negatively affects the performance of autonomous underwater vehicles used in marine applications. To address these ch... | {
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2412.01459 | Misalignments in AI Perception: Quantitative Findings and Visual Mapping
of How Experts and the Public Differ in Expectations and Risks, Benefits, and
Value Judgments | [
"cs.CY",
"cs.AI",
"cs.HC"
] | Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming diverse societal domains, raising critical questions about its risks and benefits and the misalignments between public expectations and academic visions. This study examines how the general public (N=1110) -- people using or being affected by AI -- and academic AI experts (N... | {
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2412.01460 | A Comprehensive Study of Shapley Value in Data Analytics | [
"cs.DB",
"cs.LG"
] | Over the recent years, Shapley value (SV), a solution concept from cooperative game theory, has found numerous applications in data analytics (DA). This paper provides the first comprehensive study of SV used throughout the DA workflow, which involves three main steps: data fabric, data exploration, and result reportin... | {
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2412.01461 | A comprehensive review of datasets and deep learning techniques for
vision in Unmanned Surface Vehicles | [
"cs.CV"
] | Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USVs) have emerged as a major platform in maritime operations, capable of supporting a wide range of applications. USVs can help reduce labor costs, increase safety, save energy, and allow for difficult unmanned tasks in harsh maritime environments. With the rapid development of USVs, many vi... | {
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2412.01463 | Learning Differential Pyramid Representation for Tone Mapping | [
"cs.CV",
"eess.IV"
] | Previous tone mapping methods mainly focus on how to enhance tones in low-resolution images and recover details using the high-frequent components extracted from the input image. These methods typically rely on traditional feature pyramids to artificially extract high-frequency components, such as Laplacian and Gaussia... | {
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2412.01468 | Differential Flatness-based Fast Trajectory Planning for Fixed-wing
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles | [
"cs.RO",
"math.OC"
] | Due to the strong nonlinearity and nonholonomic dynamics, despite that various general trajectory optimization methods have been presented, few of them can guarantee efficient compu-tation and physical feasibility for relatively complicated fixed-wing UAV dynamics. Aiming at this issue, this paper investigates a differ... | {
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2412.01471 | Multi-Granularity Video Object Segmentation | [
"cs.CV"
] | Current benchmarks for video segmentation are limited to annotating only salient objects (i.e., foreground instances). Despite their impressive architectural designs, previous works trained on these benchmarks have struggled to adapt to real-world scenarios. Thus, developing a new video segmentation dataset aimed at tr... | {
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2412.01476 | ConsistentFeature: A Plug-and-Play Component for Neural Network
Regularization | [
"cs.LG"
] | Over-parameterized neural network models often lead to significant performance discrepancies between training and test sets, a phenomenon known as overfitting. To address this, researchers have proposed numerous regularization techniques tailored to various tasks and model architectures. In this paper, we introduce a s... | {
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2412.01477 | Improving Object Detection by Modifying Synthetic Data with Explainable
AI | [
"cs.CV"
] | In many computer vision domains the collection of sufficient real-world data is challenging and can severely impact model performance, particularly when running inference on samples that are unseen or underrepresented in training. Synthetically generated images provide a promising solution, but it remains unclear how t... | {
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2412.01480 | Maximum Impulse Approach to Soccer Kicking for Humanoid Robots | [
"cs.RO"
] | We introduce an analytic method for generating a parametric and constraint-aware kick for humanoid robots. The kick is split into four phases with trajectories stemming from equations of motion with constant acceleration. To make the motion execution physically feasible, the kick duration alters the step frequency. The... | {
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2412.01485 | SerialGen: Personalized Image Generation by First Standardization Then
Personalization | [
"cs.CV"
] | In this work, we are interested in achieving both high text controllability and overall appearance consistency in the generation of personalized human characters. We propose a novel framework, named SerialGen, which is a serial generation method consisting of two stages: first, a standardization stage that standardizes... | {
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2412.01487 | FastRM: An efficient and automatic explainability framework for
multimodal generative models | [
"cs.AI"
] | While Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) have become masterly capable in reasoning over human prompts and visual inputs, they are still prone to producing responses that contain misinformation. Identifying incorrect responses that are not grounded in evidence has become a crucial task in building trustworthy AI. Expl... | {
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2412.01488 | TACO: Training-free Sound Prompted Segmentation via Semantically
Constrained Audio-visual CO-factorization | [
"eess.AS",
"cs.LG",
"eess.IV"
] | Large-scale pre-trained audio and image models demonstrate an unprecedented degree of generalization, making them suitable for a wide range of applications. Here, we tackle the specific task of sound-prompted segmentation, aiming to segment image regions corresponding to objects heard in an audio signal. Most existing ... | {
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2412.01490 | Intelligent Spark Agents: A Modular LangGraph Framework for Scalable,
Visualized, and Enhanced Big Data Machine Learning Workflows | [
"cs.AI"
] | This paper presents a Spark-based modular LangGraph framework, designed to enhance machine learning workflows through scalability, visualization, and intelligent process optimization. At its core, the framework introduces Agent AI, a pivotal innovation that leverages Spark's distributed computing capabilities and integ... | {
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2412.01491 | Understanding complex crowd dynamics with generative neural simulators | [
"physics.soc-ph",
"cs.AI",
"cs.LG",
"physics.data-an"
] | Understanding the dynamics of pedestrian crowds is an outstanding challenge crucial for designing efficient urban infrastructure and ensuring safe crowd management. To this end, both small-scale laboratory and large-scale real-world measurements have been used. However, these approaches respectively lack statistical re... | {
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2412.01493 | Learning Adaptive Lighting via Channel-Aware Guidance | [
"cs.CV",
"eess.IV"
] | Learning lighting adaption is a key step in obtaining a good visual perception and supporting downstream vision tasks. There are multiple light-related tasks (e.g., image retouching and exposure correction) and previous studies have mainly investigated these tasks individually. However, we observe that the light-relate... | {
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2412.01495 | Adversarial Attacks on Hyperbolic Networks | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.AI"
] | As hyperbolic deep learning grows in popularity, so does the need for adversarial robustness in the context of such a non-Euclidean geometry. To this end, this paper proposes hyperbolic alternatives to the commonly used FGM and PGD adversarial attacks. Through interpretable synthetic benchmarks and experiments on exist... | {
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2412.01496 | RaD: A Metric for Medical Image Distribution Comparison in Out-of-Domain
Detection and Other Applications | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.LG",
"eess.IV",
"stat.ML"
] | Determining whether two sets of images belong to the same or different domain is a crucial task in modern medical image analysis and deep learning, where domain shift is a common problem that commonly results in decreased model performance. This determination is also important to evaluate the output quality of generati... | {
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2412.01500 | SF-Loc: A Visual Mapping and Geo-Localization System based on Sparse
Visual Structure Frames | [
"cs.RO",
"cs.CV"
] | For high-level geo-spatial applications and intelligent robotics, accurate global pose information is of crucial importance. Map-aided localization is a universal approach to overcome the limitations of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) in challenging environments. However, current solutions face challenges in ... | {
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2412.01504 | 3D Spine Shape Estimation from Single 2D DXA | [
"eess.IV",
"cs.CV"
] | Scoliosis is traditionally assessed based solely on 2D lateral deviations, but recent studies have also revealed the importance of other imaging planes in understanding the deformation of the spine. Consequently, extracting the spinal geometry in 3D would help quantify these spinal deformations and aid diagnosis. In th... | {
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2412.01505 | Scaling Law for Language Models Training Considering Batch Size | [
"cs.CL",
"cs.LG"
] | Large language models (LLMs) have made remarkable advances in recent years, with scaling laws playing a critical role in this rapid progress. In this paper, we empirically investigate how a critical hyper-parameter, i.e., the global batch size, influences the LLM training prdocess. We begin by training language models ... | {
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2412.01506 | Structured 3D Latents for Scalable and Versatile 3D Generation | [
"cs.CV"
] | We introduce a novel 3D generation method for versatile and high-quality 3D asset creation. The cornerstone is a unified Structured LATent (SLAT) representation which allows decoding to different output formats, such as Radiance Fields, 3D Gaussians, and meshes. This is achieved by integrating a sparsely-populated 3D g... | {
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2412.01508 | HaGRIDv2: 1M Images for Static and Dynamic Hand Gesture Recognition | [
"cs.CV"
] | This paper proposes the second version of the widespread Hand Gesture Recognition dataset HaGRID -- HaGRIDv2. We cover 15 new gestures with conversation and control functions, including two-handed ones. Building on the foundational concepts proposed by HaGRID's authors, we implemented the dynamic gesture recognition al... | {
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2412.01511 | Many-User Multiple Access with Random User Activity: Achievability
Bounds and Efficient Schemes | [
"cs.IT",
"math.IT"
] | We study the Gaussian multiple access channel with random user activity, in the regime where the number of users is proportional to the code length. The receiver may know some statistics about the number of active users, but does not know the exact number nor the identities of the active users. We derive two achievabil... | {
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2412.01512 | ArtBrain: An Explainable end-to-end Toolkit for Classification and
Attribution of AI-Generated Art and Style | [
"cs.AI",
"cs.CV"
] | Recently, the quality of artworks generated using Artificial Intelligence (AI) has increased significantly, resulting in growing difficulties in detecting synthetic artworks. However, limited studies have been conducted on identifying the authenticity of synthetic artworks and their source. This paper introduces AI-Art... | {
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2412.01513 | Generative modeling assisted simulation of measurement-altered quantum
criticality | [
"quant-ph",
"cs.LG"
] | In quantum many-body systems, measurements can induce qualitative new features, but their simulation is hindered by the exponential complexity involved in sampling the measurement results. We propose to use machine learning to assist the simulation of measurement-induced quantum phenomena. In particular, we focus on th... | {
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2412.01519 | ReHub: Linear Complexity Graph Transformers with Adaptive Hub-Spoke
Reassignment | [
"cs.LG"
] | We present ReHub, a novel graph transformer architecture that achieves linear complexity through an efficient reassignment technique between nodes and virtual nodes. Graph transformers have become increasingly important in graph learning for their ability to utilize long-range node communication explicitly, addressing ... | {
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2412.01522 | InfinityDrive: Breaking Time Limits in Driving World Models | [
"cs.CV"
] | Autonomous driving systems struggle with complex scenarios due to limited access to diverse, extensive, and out-of-distribution driving data which are critical for safe navigation. World models offer a promising solution to this challenge; however, current driving world models are constrained by short time windows and ... | {
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2412.01523 | FlexSP: Accelerating Large Language Model Training via Flexible Sequence
Parallelism | [
"cs.DC",
"cs.LG"
] | Extending the context length (i.e., the maximum supported sequence length) of LLMs is of paramount significance. To facilitate long context training of LLMs, sequence parallelism has emerged as an essential technique, which scatters each input sequence across multiple devices and necessitates communication to process t... | {
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2412.01524 | Opinion Dynamic Under Malicious Agent Influence in Multi-Agent Systems:
From the Perspective of Opinion Evolution Cost | [
"cs.MA",
"cs.SI",
"math.OC"
] | In human social systems, debates are often seen as a means to resolve differences of opinion. However, in reality, debates frequently incur significant communication costs, especially when dealing with stubborn opponents. Inspired by this phenomenon, this paper examines the impact of malicious agents on the evolution o... | {
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2412.01525 | Take Your Steps: Hierarchically Efficient Pulmonary Disease Screening
via CT Volume Compression | [
"eess.IV",
"cs.CV"
] | Deep learning models are widely used to process Computed Tomography (CT) data in the automated screening of pulmonary diseases, significantly reducing the workload of physicians. However, the three-dimensional nature of CT volumes involves an excessive number of voxels, which significantly increases the complexity of m... | {
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2412.01526 | Addressing Data Leakage in HumanEval Using Combinatorial Test Design | [
"cs.SE",
"cs.AI"
] | The use of large language models (LLMs) is widespread across many domains, including Software Engineering, where they have been used to automate tasks such as program generation and test classification. As LLM-based methods continue to evolve, it is important that we define clear and robust methods that fairly evaluate... | {
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2412.01527 | Traversing the Subspace of Adversarial Patches | [
"cs.CV"
] | Despite ongoing research on the topic of adversarial examples in deep learning for computer vision, some fundamentals of the nature of these attacks remain unclear. As the manifold hypothesis posits, high-dimensional data tends to be part of a low-dimensional manifold. To verify the thesis with adversarial patches, thi... | {
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2412.01528 | CopyrightShield: Spatial Similarity Guided Backdoor Defense against
Copyright Infringement in Diffusion Models | [
"cs.AI"
] | The diffusion model has gained significant attention due to its remarkable data generation ability in fields such as image synthesis. However, its strong memorization and replication abilities with respect to the training data also make it a prime target for copyright infringement attacks. This paper provides an in-dep... | {
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2412.01534 | Hydrogen Utilization as a Plasma Source for Magnetohydrodynamic Direct
Power Extraction (MHD-DPE) | [
"physics.plasm-ph",
"cs.CE"
] | This study explores the suitability of hydrogen-based plasma in direct power extraction (DPE) as a non-conventional electricity generation method. We apply computational modeling and principles in physics and chemistry to estimate different thermal and electric properties of a water-vapor/nitrogen/cesium-vapor (H2O/N2/... | {
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2412.01537 | HandOS: 3D Hand Reconstruction in One Stage | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.GR"
] | Existing approaches of hand reconstruction predominantly adhere to a multi-stage framework, encompassing detection, left-right classification, and pose estimation. This paradigm induces redundant computation and cumulative errors. In this work, we propose HandOS, an end-to-end framework for 3D hand reconstruction. Our ... | {
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2412.01539 | The Bare Necessities: Designing Simple, Effective Open-Vocabulary Scene
Graphs | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.RO"
] | 3D open-vocabulary scene graph methods are a promising map representation for embodied agents, however many current approaches are computationally expensive. In this paper, we reexamine the critical design choices established in previous works to optimize both efficiency and performance. We propose a general scene grap... | {
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2412.01541 | Effectiveness of L2 Regularization in Privacy-Preserving Machine
Learning | [
"cs.LG",
"cs.AI",
"cs.CR"
] | Artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning as a service have become the status quo for many industries, leading to the widespread deployment of models that handle sensitive data. Well-performing models, the industry seeks, usually rely on a large volume of training data. However, the use of such data ... | {
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2412.01542 | Towards Type Agnostic Cyber Defense Agents | [
"cs.CR",
"cs.AI",
"cs.GT",
"cs.LG"
] | With computing now ubiquitous across government, industry, and education, cybersecurity has become a critical component for every organization on the planet. Due to this ubiquity of computing, cyber threats have continued to grow year over year, leading to labor shortages and a skills gap in cybersecurity. As a result,... | {
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2412.01543 | 6DOPE-GS: Online 6D Object Pose Estimation using Gaussian Splatting | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.RO"
] | Efficient and accurate object pose estimation is an essential component for modern vision systems in many applications such as Augmented Reality, autonomous driving, and robotics. While research in model-based 6D object pose estimation has delivered promising results, model-free methods are hindered by the high computa... | {
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2412.01547 | Improved Large Language Model Jailbreak Detection via Pretrained
Embeddings | [
"cs.CR",
"cs.AI",
"cs.LG"
] | The adoption of large language models (LLMs) in many applications, from customer service chat bots and software development assistants to more capable agentic systems necessitates research into how to secure these systems. Attacks like prompt injection and jailbreaking attempt to elicit responses and actions from these... | {
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2412.01549 | Silenced Voices: Exploring Social Media Polarization and Women's
Participation in Peacebuilding in Ethiopia | [
"cs.CY",
"cs.SI"
] | This exploratory study highlights the significant threats of social media polarization and weaponization in Ethiopia, analyzing the Northern Ethiopia (Tigray) War (November 2020 to November 2022) as a case study. It further uncovers the lack of effective digital peacebuilding initiatives. These issues particularly impa... | {
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2412.01550 | SeqAfford: Sequential 3D Affordance Reasoning via Multimodal Large
Language Model | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.AI"
] | 3D affordance segmentation aims to link human instructions to touchable regions of 3D objects for embodied manipulations. Existing efforts typically adhere to single-object, single-affordance paradigms, where each affordance type or explicit instruction strictly corresponds to a specific affordance region and are unabl... | {
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2412.01552 | GFreeDet: Exploiting Gaussian Splatting and Foundation Models for
Model-free Unseen Object Detection in the BOP Challenge 2024 | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.RO"
] | In this report, we provide the technical details of the submitted method GFreeDet, which exploits Gaussian splatting and vision Foundation models for the model-free unseen object Detection track in the BOP 2024 Challenge. | {
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2412.01553 | SfM-Free 3D Gaussian Splatting via Hierarchical Training | [
"cs.CV"
] | Standard 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) relies on known or pre-computed camera poses and a sparse point cloud, obtained from structure-from-motion (SfM) preprocessing, to initialize and grow 3D Gaussians. We propose a novel SfM-Free 3DGS (SFGS) method for video input, eliminating the need for known camera poses and SfM p... | {
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2412.01555 | Optimizing Domain-Specific Image Retrieval: A Benchmark of FAISS and
Annoy with Fine-Tuned Features | [
"cs.CV"
] | Approximate Nearest Neighbor search is one of the keys to high-scale data retrieval performance in many applications. The work is a bridge between feature extraction and ANN indexing through fine-tuning a ResNet50 model with various ANN methods: FAISS and Annoy. We evaluate the systems with respect to indexing time, me... | {
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2412.01556 | Divide-and-Conquer: Confluent Triple-Flow Network for RGB-T Salient
Object Detection | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.MM"
] | RGB-Thermal Salient Object Detection aims to pinpoint prominent objects within aligned pairs of visible and thermal infrared images. Traditional encoder-decoder architectures, while designed for cross-modality feature interactions, may not have adequately considered the robustness against noise originating from defecti... | {
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2412.01557 | How Much Can Time-related Features Enhance Time Series Forecasting? | [
"cs.LG",
"stat.ML"
] | Recent advancements in long-term time series forecasting (LTSF) have primarily focused on capturing cross-time and cross-variate (channel) dependencies within historical data. However, a critical aspect often overlooked by many existing methods is the explicit incorporation of \textbf{time-related features} (e.g., seas... | {
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2412.01558 | VideoLights: Feature Refinement and Cross-Task Alignment Transformer for
Joint Video Highlight Detection and Moment Retrieval | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.AI"
] | Video Highlight Detection and Moment Retrieval (HD/MR) are essential in video analysis. Recent joint prediction transformer models often overlook their cross-task dynamics and video-text alignment and refinement. Moreover, most models typically use limited, uni-directional attention mechanisms, resulting in weakly inte... | {
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2412.01559 | Adaptive High-Pass Kernel Prediction for Efficient Video Deblurring | [
"cs.CV"
] | State-of-the-art video deblurring methods use deep network architectures to recover sharpened video frames. Blurring especially degrades high-frequency (HF) information, yet this aspect is often overlooked by recent models that focus more on enhancing architectural design. Recovering these fine details is challenging, ... | {
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2412.01562 | Detection, Pose Estimation and Segmentation for Multiple Bodies: Closing
the Virtuous Circle | [
"cs.CV"
] | Human pose estimation methods work well on separated people but struggle with multi-body scenarios. Recent work has addressed this problem by conditioning pose estimation with detected bounding boxes or bottom-up-estimated poses. Unfortunately, all of these approaches overlooked segmentation masks and their connection ... | {
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2412.01564 | Tokenizing 3D Molecule Structure with Quantized Spherical Coordinates | [
"cs.LG",
"q-bio.BM"
] | The application of language models (LMs) to molecular structure generation using line notations such as SMILES and SELFIES has been well-established in the field of cheminformatics. However, extending these models to generate 3D molecular structures presents significant challenges. Two primary obstacles emerge: (1) the... | {
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2412.01566 | Multi-objective Deep Learning: Taxonomy and Survey of the State of the
Art | [
"cs.LG",
"math.OC"
] | Simultaneously considering multiple objectives in machine learning has been a popular approach for several decades, with various benefits for multi-task learning, the consideration of secondary goals such as sparsity, or multicriteria hyperparameter tuning. However - as multi-objective optimization is significantly mor... | {
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2412.01572 | MBA-RAG: a Bandit Approach for Adaptive Retrieval-Augmented Generation
through Question Complexity | [
"cs.AI"
] | Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) has proven to be highly effective in boosting the generative performance of language model in knowledge-intensive tasks. However, existing RAG framework either indiscriminately perform retrieval or rely on rigid single-class classifiers to select retrieval methods, leading to ineffi... | {
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2412.01574 | Unifying AMP Algorithms for Rotationally-Invariant Models | [
"math.ST",
"cs.IT",
"cs.LG",
"math.IT",
"math.PR",
"stat.TH"
] | This paper presents a unified framework for constructing Approximate Message Passing (AMP) algorithms for rotationally-invariant models. By employing a general iterative algorithm template and reducing it to long-memory Orthogonal AMP (OAMP), we systematically derive the correct Onsager terms of AMP algorithms. This ap... | {
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2412.01579 | Amplitude response and square wave describing functions | [
"eess.SY",
"cs.SY",
"math.OC"
] | An analogue of the describing function method is developed using square waves rather than sinusoids. Static nonlinearities map square waves to square waves, and their behavior is characterized by their response to square waves of varying amplitude - their amplitude response. The output of an LTI system to a square wave... | {
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2412.01580 | A homotopy theorem for incremental stability | [
"math.OC",
"cs.SY",
"eess.SY"
] | A theorem is proved to verify incremental stability of a feedback system via a homotopy from a known incrementally stable system. A first corollary of that result is that incremental stability may be verified by separation of Scaled Relative Graphs, correcting two assumptions in [1, Theorem 2]. A second corollary provi... | {
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2412.01583 | 3DSceneEditor: Controllable 3D Scene Editing with Gaussian Splatting | [
"cs.CV"
] | The creation of 3D scenes has traditionally been both labor-intensive and costly, requiring designers to meticulously configure 3D assets and environments. Recent advancements in generative AI, including text-to-3D and image-to-3D methods, have dramatically reduced the complexity and cost of this process. However, curr... | {
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2412.01585 | FairML: A Julia Package for Fair Classification | [
"cs.LG",
"math.OC"
] | In this paper, we propose FairML.jl, a Julia package providing a framework for fair classification in machine learning. In this framework, the fair learning process is divided into three stages. Each stage aims to reduce unfairness, such as disparate impact and disparate mistreatment, in the final prediction. For the p... | {
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2412.01587 | Handwriting-based Automated Assessment and Grading of Degree of
Handedness: A Pilot Study | [
"cs.AI",
"cs.HC"
] | Hand preference and degree of handedness (DoH) are two different aspects of human behavior which are often confused to be one. DoH is a person's inherent capability of the brain; affected by nature and nurture. In this study, we used dominant and non-dominant handwriting traits to assess DoH for the first time, on 43 s... | {
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2412.01590 | NCDD: Nearest Centroid Distance Deficit for Out-Of-Distribution
Detection in Gastrointestinal Vision | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.AI"
] | The integration of deep learning tools in gastrointestinal vision holds the potential for significant advancements in diagnosis, treatment, and overall patient care. A major challenge, however, is these tools' tendency to make overconfident predictions, even when encountering unseen or newly emerging disease patterns, ... | {
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2412.01591 | Kernel-Based Optimal Control: An Infinitesimal Generator Approach | [
"math.OC",
"cs.LG",
"cs.RO",
"cs.SY",
"eess.SY",
"stat.ML"
] | This paper presents a novel approach for optimal control of nonlinear stochastic systems using infinitesimal generator learning within infinite-dimensional reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces. Our learning framework leverages data samples of system dynamics and stage cost functions, with only control penalties and constr... | {
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2412.01595 | Epipolar Attention Field Transformers for Bird's Eye View Semantic
Segmentation | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.RO"
] | Spatial understanding of the semantics of the surroundings is a key capability needed by autonomous cars to enable safe driving decisions. Recently, purely vision-based solutions have gained increasing research interest. In particular, approaches extracting a bird's eye view (BEV) from multiple cameras have demonstrate... | {
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2412.01596 | FEVER-OOD: Free Energy Vulnerability Elimination for Robust
Out-of-Distribution Detection | [
"cs.CV"
] | Modern machine learning models, that excel on computer vision tasks such as classification and object detection, are often overconfident in their predictions for Out-of-Distribution (OOD) examples, resulting in unpredictable behaviour for open-set environments. Recent works have demonstrated that the free energy score ... | {
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2412.01597 | From Instantaneous to Predictive Control: A More Intuitive and Tunable
MPC Formulation for Robot Manipulators | [
"cs.RO"
] | Model predictive control (MPC) has become increasingly popular for the control of robot manipulators due to its improved performance compared to instantaneous control approaches. However, tuning these controllers remains a considerable hurdle. To address this hurdle, we propose a practical MPC formulation which retains... | {
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2412.01598 | An efficient slope stability algorithm with physically consistent
parametrisation of slip surfaces | [
"cs.CE"
] | This paper presents an optimised algorithm implementing the method of slices for analysing the stability of slopes. The algorithm adopts an improved physically based parameterisation of slip lines according to their geometrical characteristics at the endpoints, which facilitates the identification of all viable failure... | {
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2412.01601 | Arabic Handwritten Document OCR Solution with Binarization and Adaptive
Scale Fusion Detection | [
"cs.CV"
] | The problem of converting images of text into plain text is a widely researched topic in both academia and industry. Arabic handwritten Text Recognation (AHTR) poses additional challenges due to diverse handwriting styles and limited labeled data. In this paper we present a complete OCR pipeline that starts with line s... | {
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2412.01604 | Agentic-HLS: An agentic reasoning based high-level synthesis system
using large language models (AI for EDA workshop 2024) | [
"cs.AI",
"cs.AR"
] | Our aim for the ML Contest for Chip Design with HLS 2024 was to predict the validity, running latency in the form of cycle counts, utilization rate of BRAM (util-BRAM), utilization rate of lookup tables (uti-LUT), utilization rate of flip flops (util-FF), and the utilization rate of digital signal processors (util-DSP)... | {
"Other": 1,
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"cs.SD": 0,
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"cs.SY": 0
} |
2412.01605 | Medchain: Bridging the Gap Between LLM Agents and Clinical Practice
through Interactive Sequential Benchmarking | [
"cs.CL",
"cs.AI"
] | Clinical decision making (CDM) is a complex, dynamic process crucial to healthcare delivery, yet it remains a significant challenge for artificial intelligence systems. While Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents have been tested on general medical knowledge using licensing exams and knowledge question-answering task... | {
"Other": 0,
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} |
2412.01609 | Optimizing LoRa for Edge Computing with TinyML Pipeline for Channel
Hopping | [
"cs.NI",
"cs.AI",
"cs.DM",
"cs.LG",
"cs.PF"
] | We propose to integrate long-distance LongRange (LoRa) communication solution for sending the data from IoT to the edge computing system, by taking advantage of its unlicensed nature and the potential for open source implementations that are common in edge computing. We propose a channel hoping optimization model and a... | {
"Other": 1,
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"cs.RO": 0,
"cs.SD": 0,
"cs.SI": 0,
"cs.SY": 0
} |
2412.01610 | Stochastic Geometry and Dynamical System Analysis of Walker
Constellation Networks | [
"cs.IT",
"math.IT"
] | In practice, low Earth orbit (LEO) and medium Earth orbit (MEO) satellite networks consist of multiple orbits, each populated with many satellites. A widely used spatial architecture for satellites is the Walker constellation, where the longitudes of orbits are equally spaced and the satellites are periodically distrib... | {
"Other": 0,
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"cs.SD": 0,
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"cs.SY": 0
} |
2412.01611 | Characterizing Jupiter's interior using machine learning reveals four
key structures | [
"astro-ph.EP",
"astro-ph.IM",
"cs.LG"
] | The internal structure of Jupiter is constrained by the precise gravity field measurements by NASA's Juno mission, atmospheric data from the Galileo entry probe, and Voyager radio occultations. Not only are these observations few compared to the possible interior setups and their multiple controlling parameters, but th... | {
"Other": 0,
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"cs.CL": 0,
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"cs.MA": 0,
"cs.NE": 0,
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"cs.SD": 0,
"cs.SI": 0,
"cs.SY": 0
} |
2412.01615 | OmniGuard: Hybrid Manipulation Localization via Augmented Versatile Deep
Image Watermarking | [
"cs.CV"
] | With the rapid growth of generative AI and its widespread application in image editing, new risks have emerged regarding the authenticity and integrity of digital content. Existing versatile watermarking approaches suffer from trade-offs between tamper localization precision and visual quality. Constrained by the limit... | {
"Other": 0,
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"cs.RO": 0,
"cs.SD": 0,
"cs.SI": 0,
"cs.SY": 0
} |
2412.01617 | If Eleanor Rigby Had Met ChatGPT: A Study on Loneliness in a Post-LLM
World | [
"cs.CL",
"cs.AI",
"cs.CY",
"cs.HC"
] | Loneliness, or the lack of fulfilling relationships, significantly impacts a person's mental and physical well-being and is prevalent worldwide. Previous research suggests that large language models (LLMs) may help mitigate loneliness. However, we argue that the use of widespread LLMs like ChatGPT is more prevalent--an... | {
"Other": 0,
"cs.AI": 1,
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"cs.NE": 0,
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"cs.SD": 0,
"cs.SI": 0,
"cs.SY": 0
} |
2412.01618 | CRAYM: Neural Field Optimization via Camera RAY Matching | [
"cs.CV",
"cs.GR"
] | We introduce camera ray matching (CRAYM) into the joint optimization of camera poses and neural fields from multi-view images. The optimized field, referred to as a feature volume, can be "probed" by the camera rays for novel view synthesis (NVS) and 3D geometry reconstruction. One key reason for matching camera rays, ... | {
"Other": 1,
"cs.AI": 0,
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"cs.NE": 0,
"cs.RO": 0,
"cs.SD": 0,
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"cs.SY": 0
} |
2412.01619 | Representation and Regression Problems in Neural Networks: Relaxation,
Generalization, and Numerics | [
"cs.LG",
"math.OC"
] | In this work, we address three non-convex optimization problems associated with the training of shallow neural networks (NNs) for exact and approximate representation, as well as for regression tasks. Through a mean-field approach, we convexify these problems and, applying a representer theorem, prove the absence of re... | {
"Other": 0,
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"cs.CR": 0,
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"cs.MA": 0,
"cs.NE": 0,
"cs.RO": 0,
"cs.SD": 0,
"cs.SI": 0,
"cs.SY": 0
} |
2412.01621 | NYT-Connections: A Deceptively Simple Text Classification Task that
Stumps System-1 Thinkers | [
"cs.CL",
"cs.AI"
] | Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive performance on various benchmarks, yet their ability to engage in deliberate reasoning remains questionable. We present NYT-Connections, a collection of 358 simple word classification puzzles derived from the New York Times Connections game. This benchmark is designed ... | {
"Other": 0,
"cs.AI": 1,
"cs.CE": 0,
"cs.CL": 1,
"cs.CR": 0,
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"cs.RO": 0,
"cs.SD": 0,
"cs.SI": 0,
"cs.SY": 0
} |
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