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2412.16410
Application of Multimodal Large Language Models in Autonomous Driving
[ "cs.CL" ]
In this era of technological advancements, several cutting-edge techniques are being implemented to enhance Autonomous Driving (AD) systems, focusing on improving safety, efficiency, and adaptability in complex driving environments. However, AD still faces some problems including performance limitations. To address thi...
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2412.16411
Knowledge as a Breaking of Ergodicity
[ "cs.AI", "cond-mat.dis-nn", "cs.CC", "stat.ML" ]
We construct a thermodynamic potential that can guide training of a generative model defined on a set of binary degrees of freedom. We argue that upon reduction in description, so as to make the generative model computationally-manageable, the potential develops multiple minima. This is mirrored by the emergence of mul...
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2412.16412
InfoTech Assistant : A Multimodal Conversational Agent for InfoTechnology Web Portal Queries
[ "cs.CL" ]
This pilot study presents the development of the InfoTech Assistant, a domain-specific, multimodal chatbot engineered to address queries in bridge evaluation and infrastructure technology. By integrating web data scraping, large language models (LLMs), and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), the InfoTech Assistant pr...
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2412.16414
Accelerated Methods with Compressed Communications for Distributed Optimization Problems under Data Similarity
[ "math.OC", "cs.DC", "cs.LG" ]
In recent years, as data and problem sizes have increased, distributed learning has become an essential tool for training high-performance models. However, the communication bottleneck, especially for high-dimensional data, is a challenge. Several techniques have been developed to overcome this problem. These include c...
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2412.16417
Identifying Cyberbullying Roles in Social Media
[ "cs.LG", "cs.CL", "cs.CY", "cs.SI" ]
Social media has revolutionized communication, allowing people worldwide to connect and interact instantly. However, it has also led to increases in cyberbullying, which poses a significant threat to children and adolescents globally, affecting their mental health and well-being. It is critical to accurately detect the...
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2412.16418
Revisiting MLLMs: An In-Depth Analysis of Image Classification Abilities
[ "cs.CV" ]
With the rapid advancement of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), a variety of benchmarks have been introduced to evaluate their capabilities. While most evaluations have focused on complex tasks such as scientific comprehension and visual reasoning, little attention has been given to assessing their fundamental ...
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2412.16420
Beyond End-to-End VLMs: Leveraging Intermediate Text Representations for Superior Flowchart Understanding
[ "cs.CV", "cs.CL" ]
Flowcharts are typically presented as images, driving the trend of using vision-language models (VLMs) for end-to-end flowchart understanding. However, two key challenges arise: (i) Limited controllability--users have minimal influence over the downstream task, as they can only modify input images, while the training o...
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2412.16422
Using Clarke Transform to Create a Framework on the Manifold: From Sampling via Trajectory Generation to Control
[ "cs.RO" ]
We present a framework based on Clarke coordinates for spatial displacement-actuated continuum robots with an arbitrary number of joints. This framework consists of three modular components, i.e., a planner, trajectory generator, and controller defined on the manifold. All components are computationally efficient, comp...
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2412.16423
Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine
[ "cs.CL", "cs.AI", "cs.LG" ]
This report presents a small language model (SLM) for Japanese clinical and medicine, named NCVC-slm-1. This 1B parameters model was trained using Japanese text classified to be of high-quality. Moreover, NCVC-slm-1 was augmented with respect to clinical and medicine content that includes the variety of diseases, drugs...
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2412.16425
Patherea: Cell Detection and Classification for the 2020s
[ "eess.IV", "cs.AI", "cs.CV", "cs.LG" ]
This paper presents a Patherea, a framework for point-based cell detection and classification that provides a complete solution for developing and evaluating state-of-the-art approaches. We introduce a large-scale dataset collected to directly replicate a clinical workflow for Ki-67 proliferation index estimation and u...
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2412.16428
Data-Driven Fairness Generalization for Deepfake Detection
[ "cs.LG", "cs.AI", "cs.CV", "cs.CY" ]
Despite the progress made in deepfake detection research, recent studies have shown that biases in the training data for these detectors can result in varying levels of performance across different demographic groups, such as race and gender. These disparities can lead to certain groups being unfairly targeted or exclu...
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2412.16429
LearnLM: Improving Gemini for Learning
[ "cs.CY", "cs.AI", "cs.LG" ]
Today's generative AI systems are tuned to present information by default rather than engage users in service of learning as a human tutor would. To address the wide range of potential education use cases for these systems, we reframe the challenge of injecting pedagogical behavior as one of \textit{pedagogical instruc...
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2412.16431
Object Detection Approaches to Identifying Hand Images with High Forensic Values
[ "cs.CV", "cs.AI" ]
Forensic science plays a crucial role in legal investigations, and the use of advanced technologies, such as object detection based on machine learning methods, can enhance the efficiency and accuracy of forensic analysis. Human hands are unique and can leave distinct patterns, marks, or prints that can be utilized for...
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2412.16435
THeGCN: Temporal Heterophilic Graph Convolutional Network
[ "cs.LG", "cs.IR", "cs.SI" ]
Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have exhibited remarkable efficacy in diverse graph learning tasks, particularly on static homophilic graphs. Recent attention has pivoted towards more intricate structures, encompassing (1) static heterophilic graphs encountering the edge heterophily issue in the spatial domain and (2) eve...
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2412.16441
Towards Graph Foundation Models: Learning Generalities Across Graphs via Task-Trees
[ "cs.LG", "cs.AI", "cs.SI" ]
Foundation models aim to create general, cross-task, and cross-domain machine learning models by pretraining on large-scale datasets to capture shared patterns or concepts, such as contours, colors, textures, and edges in images, or tokens, words, and sentences in text. However, identifying generalities across graph-st...
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2412.16442
Iterative Feature Exclusion Ranking for Deep Tabular Learning
[ "cs.LG" ]
Tabular data is a common format for storing information in rows and columns to represent data entries and their features. Although deep neural networks have become the main approach for modeling a wide range of domains including computer vision and NLP, many of them are not well-suited for tabular data. Recently, a few...
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2412.16443
Has LLM Reached the Scaling Ceiling Yet? Unified Insights into LLM Regularities and Constraints
[ "cs.LG", "cs.AI" ]
Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities, yet their scalability raises a critical question: Have we reached the scaling ceiling? This paper addresses this pivotal question by developing a unified theoretical framework that integrates mathematical and statistical insights to explain the sca...
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2412.16444
Effective Context Modeling Framework for Emotion Recognition in Conversations
[ "cs.CL", "cs.LG" ]
Emotion Recognition in Conversations (ERC) facilitates a deeper understanding of the emotions conveyed by speakers in each utterance within a conversation. Recently, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have demonstrated their strengths in capturing data relationships, particularly in contextual information modeling and multim...
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2412.16445
Mixed geometry information regularization for image multiplicative denoising
[ "cs.CV", "cs.NA", "eess.IV", "math.NA" ]
This paper focuses on solving the multiplicative gamma denoising problem via a variation model. Variation-based regularization models have been extensively employed in a variety of inverse problem tasks in image processing. However, sufficient geometric priors and efficient algorithms are still very difficult problems ...
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2412.16446
Sensitive Image Classification by Vision Transformers
[ "cs.CV", "cs.AI" ]
When it comes to classifying child sexual abuse images, managing similar inter-class correlations and diverse intra-class correlations poses a significant challenge. Vision transformer models, unlike conventional deep convolutional network models, leverage a self-attention mechanism to capture global interactions among...
{ "Other": 0, "cs.AI": 1, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 0, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 1, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 0, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.16447
A Generalizable Anomaly Detection Method in Dynamic Graphs
[ "cs.LG", "cs.AI" ]
Anomaly detection aims to identify deviations from normal patterns within data. This task is particularly crucial in dynamic graphs, which are common in applications like social networks and cybersecurity, due to their evolving structures and complex relationships. Although recent deep learning-based methods have shown...
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2412.16449
CBNN: 3-Party Secure Framework for Customized Binary Neural Networks Inference
[ "cs.LG", "cs.CR" ]
Binarized Neural Networks (BNN) offer efficient implementations for machine learning tasks and facilitate Privacy-Preserving Machine Learning (PPML) by simplifying operations with binary values. Nevertheless, challenges persist in terms of communication and accuracy in their application scenarios. In this work, we intr...
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2412.16451
Correcting Large Language Model Behavior via Influence Function
[ "cs.LG", "cs.AI", "cs.CL" ]
Recent advancements in AI alignment techniques have significantly improved the alignment of large language models (LLMs) with static human preferences. However, the dynamic nature of human preferences can render some prior training data outdated or even erroneous, ultimately causing LLMs to deviate from contemporary hu...
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2412.16452
Sharp Results for Hypothesis Testing with Risk-Sensitive Agents
[ "stat.ME", "cs.GT", "cs.LG", "econ.EM", "math.ST", "stat.TH" ]
Statistical protocols are often used for decision-making involving multiple parties, each with their own incentives, private information, and ability to influence the distributional properties of the data. We study a game-theoretic version of hypothesis testing in which a statistician, also known as a principal, intera...
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2412.16453
The Evolving Usage of GenAI by Computing Students
[ "cs.CY", "cs.AI" ]
Help-seeking is a critical aspect of learning and problem-solving for computing students. Recent research has shown that many students are aware of generative AI (GenAI) tools; however, there are gaps in the extent and effectiveness of how students use them. With over two years of widespread GenAI usage, it is crucial ...
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2412.16454
FACTS: Fine-Grained Action Classification for Tactical Sports
[ "cs.CV" ]
Classifying fine-grained actions in fast-paced, close-combat sports such as fencing and boxing presents unique challenges due to the complexity, speed, and nuance of movements. Traditional methods reliant on pose estimation or fancy sensor data often struggle to capture these dynamics accurately. We introduce FACTS, a ...
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2412.16455
Research on Violent Text Detection System Based on BERT-fasttext Model
[ "cs.CL", "cs.CY" ]
In the digital age of today, the internet has become an indispensable platform for people's lives, work, and information exchange. However, the problem of violent text proliferation in the network environment has arisen, which has brought about many negative effects. In view of this situation, it is particularly import...
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2412.16456
Safe Dynamic Motion Generation in Configuration Space Using Differentiable Distance Fields
[ "cs.RO" ]
Generating collision-free motions in dynamic environments is a challenging problem for high-dimensional robotics, particularly under real-time constraints. Control Barrier Functions (CBFs), widely utilized in safety-critical control, have shown significant potential for motion generation. However, for high-dimensional ...
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2412.16457
Robust random graph matching in dense graphs via vector approximate message passing
[ "stat.ML", "cs.DS", "cs.LG", "math.PR", "math.ST", "stat.TH" ]
In this paper, we focus on the matching recovery problem between a pair of correlated Gaussian Wigner matrices with a latent vertex correspondence. We are particularly interested in a robust version of this problem such that our observation is a perturbed input $(A+E,B+F)$ where $(A,B)$ is a pair of correlated Gaussian...
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2412.16459
Rethinking Model Redundancy for Low-light Image Enhancement
[ "cs.CV" ]
Low-light image enhancement (LLIE) is a fundamental task in computational photography, aiming to improve illumination, reduce noise, and enhance the image quality of low-light images. While recent advancements primarily focus on customizing complex neural network models, we have observed significant redundancy in these...
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2412.16460
Positive2Negative: Breaking the Information-Lossy Barrier in Self-Supervised Single Image Denoising
[ "cs.CV" ]
Image denoising enhances image quality, serving as a foundational technique across various computational photography applications. The obstacle to clean image acquisition in real scenarios necessitates the development of self-supervised image denoising methods only depending on noisy images, especially a single noisy i...
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2412.16462
Condensed Stein Variational Gradient Descent for Uncertainty Quantification of Neural Networks
[ "cs.LG", "physics.comp-ph", "stat.ML" ]
We propose a Stein variational gradient descent method to concurrently sparsify, train, and provide uncertainty quantification of a complexly parameterized model such as a neural network. It employs a graph reconciliation and condensation process to reduce complexity and increase similarity in the Stein ensemble of par...
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2412.16464
Transducer-Llama: Integrating LLMs into Streamable Transducer-based Speech Recognition
[ "cs.CL", "eess.AS" ]
While large language models (LLMs) have been applied to automatic speech recognition (ASR), the task of making the model streamable remains a challenge. This paper proposes a novel model architecture, Transducer-Llama, that integrates LLMs into a Factorized Transducer (FT) model, naturally enabling streaming capabiliti...
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2412.16467
Sensing Surface Patches in Volume Rendering for Inferring Signed Distance Functions
[ "cs.CV" ]
It is vital to recover 3D geometry from multi-view RGB images in many 3D computer vision tasks. The latest methods infer the geometry represented as a signed distance field by minimizing the rendering error on the field through volume rendering. However, it is still challenging to explicitly impose constraints on surfa...
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2412.16468
The Road to Artificial SuperIntelligence: A Comprehensive Survey of Superalignment
[ "cs.LG" ]
The emergence of large language models (LLMs) has sparked the possibility of about Artificial Superintelligence (ASI), a hypothetical AI system surpassing human intelligence. However, existing alignment paradigms struggle to guide such advanced AI systems. Superalignment, the alignment of AI systems with human values a...
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2412.16469
Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting
[ "cs.CL" ]
Large language models (LLMs) are often fine-tuned for use on downstream tasks, though this can degrade capabilities learned during previous training. This phenomenon, often referred to as catastrophic forgetting, has important potential implications for the safety of deployed models. In this work, we first show that mo...
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2412.16473
"ScatSpotter" 2024 -- A Distributed Dog Poop Detection Dataset
[ "cs.CV" ]
We introduce a new -- currently 42 gigabyte -- ``living'' dataset of phone images of dog feces, annotated with manually drawn or AI-assisted polygon labels. There are 6k full resolution images and 4k detailed polygon annotations. The collection and annotation of images started in late 2020 and the dataset grows by roug...
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2412.16474
Enhancing Multilingual ASR for Unseen Languages via Language Embedding Modeling
[ "eess.AS", "cs.CL" ]
Multilingual Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) aims to recognize and transcribe speech from multiple languages within a single system. Whisper, one of the most advanced ASR models, excels in this domain by handling 99 languages effectively, leveraging a vast amount of data and incorporating language tags as prefixes t...
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2412.16475
When Can Proxies Improve the Sample Complexity of Preference Learning?
[ "cs.LG", "cs.AI", "stat.ML" ]
We address the problem of reward hacking, where maximising a proxy reward does not necessarily increase the true reward. This is a key concern for Large Language Models (LLMs), as they are often fine-tuned on human preferences that may not accurately reflect a true objective. Existing work uses various tricks such as r...
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2412.16476
Query Quantized Neural SLAM
[ "cs.CV" ]
Neural implicit representations have shown remarkable abilities in jointly modeling geometry, color, and camera poses in simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM). Current methods use coordinates, positional encodings, or other geometry features as input to query neural implicit functions for signed distances and co...
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2412.16478
Enhancing Nighttime Vehicle Detection with Day-to-Night Style Transfer and Labeling-Free Augmentation
[ "cs.CV", "cs.AI", "stat.ML" ]
Existing deep learning-based object detection models perform well under daytime conditions but face significant challenges at night, primarily because they are predominantly trained on daytime images. Additionally, training with nighttime images presents another challenge: even human annotators struggle to accurately l...
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2412.16481
Flash3D: Super-scaling Point Transformers through Joint Hardware-Geometry Locality
[ "cs.CV" ]
Recent efforts recognize the power of scale in 3D learning (e.g. PTv3) and attention mechanisms (e.g. FlashAttention). However, current point cloud backbones fail to holistically unify geometric locality, attention mechanisms, and GPU architectures in one view. In this paper, we introduce Flash3D Transformer, which ali...
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2412.16482
Learn2Mix: Training Neural Networks Using Adaptive Data Integration
[ "cs.LG", "stat.ML" ]
Accelerating model convergence within resource-constrained environments is critical to ensure fast and efficient neural network training. This work presents learn2mix, a novel training strategy that adaptively adjusts class proportions within batches, focusing on classes with higher error rates. Unlike classical traini...
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2412.16483
MOL-Mamba: Enhancing Molecular Representation with Structural & Electronic Insights
[ "cs.LG", "physics.chem-ph", "q-bio.BM" ]
Molecular representation learning plays a crucial role in various downstream tasks, such as molecular property prediction and drug design. To accurately represent molecules, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) and Graph Transformers (GTs) have shown potential in the realm of self-supervised pretraining. However, existing appr...
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2412.16484
Automated CVE Analysis: Harnessing Machine Learning In Designing Question-Answering Models For Cybersecurity Information Extraction
[ "cs.CR", "cs.CL", "cs.LG" ]
The vast majority of cybersecurity information is unstructured text, including critical data within databases such as CVE, NVD, CWE, CAPEC, and the MITRE ATT&CK Framework. These databases are invaluable for analyzing attack patterns and understanding attacker behaviors. Creating a knowledge graph by integrating this in...
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2412.16486
Evaluating the Performance of Large Language Models in Scientific Claim Detection and Classification
[ "cs.CL", "cs.CY", "cs.LG", "cs.SI" ]
The pervasive influence of social media during the COVID-19 pandemic has been a double-edged sword, enhancing communication while simultaneously propagating misinformation. This \textit{Digital Infodemic} has highlighted the urgent need for automated tools capable of discerning and disseminating factual content. This s...
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2412.16487
Trusted Mamba Contrastive Network for Multi-View Clustering
[ "cs.CV" ]
Multi-view clustering can partition data samples into their categories by learning a consensus representation in an unsupervised way and has received more and more attention in recent years. However, there is an untrusted fusion problem. The reasons for this problem are as follows: 1) The current methods ignore the pre...
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2412.16489
Deep Reinforcement Learning Based Systems for Safety Critical Applications in Aerospace
[ "cs.AI" ]
Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) applications within aerospace have demonstrated substantial growth, particularly in the context of control systems. As High Performance Computing (HPC) platforms continue to evolve, they are expected to replace current flight control or engine control computers, enabl...
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2412.16490
BODex: Scalable and Efficient Robotic Dexterous Grasp Synthesis Using Bilevel Optimization
[ "cs.RO" ]
Robotic dexterous grasping is a key step toward human-like manipulation. To fully unleash the potential of data-driven models for dexterous grasping, a large-scale, high-quality dataset is essential. While gradient-based optimization offers a promising way for constructing such datasets, existing works suffer from limi...
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2412.16491
ImagePiece: Content-aware Re-tokenization for Efficient Image Recognition
[ "cs.CV" ]
Vision Transformers (ViTs) have achieved remarkable success in various computer vision tasks. However, ViTs have a huge computational cost due to their inherent reliance on multi-head self-attention (MHSA), prompting efforts to accelerate ViTs for practical applications. To this end, recent works aim to reduce the numb...
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2412.16493
Cross-View Consistency Regularisation for Knowledge Distillation
[ "cs.CV" ]
Knowledge distillation (KD) is an established paradigm for transferring privileged knowledge from a cumbersome model to a lightweight and efficient one. In recent years, logit-based KD methods are quickly catching up in performance with their feature-based counterparts. However, previous research has pointed out that l...
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2412.16495
Follow-Your-MultiPose: Tuning-Free Multi-Character Text-to-Video Generation via Pose Guidance
[ "cs.CV", "cs.MM" ]
Text-editable and pose-controllable character video generation is a challenging but prevailing topic with practical applications. However, existing approaches mainly focus on single-object video generation with pose guidance, ignoring the realistic situation that multi-character appear concurrently in a scenario. To ta...
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2412.16497
Real-time Bangla Sign Language Translator
[ "cs.CL", "cs.CV", "cs.LG" ]
The human body communicates through various meaningful gestures, with sign language using hands being a prominent example. Bangla Sign Language Translation (BSLT) aims to bridge communication gaps for the deaf and mute community. Our approach involves using Mediapipe Holistic to gather key points, LSTM architecture for...
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2412.16499
Autonomous Crack Detection using Deep Learning on Synthetic Thermogram Datasets
[ "cs.CV" ]
In a lot of scientific problems, there is the need to generate data through the running of an extensive number of experiments. Further, some tasks require constant human intervention. We consider the problem of crack detection in steel plates. The way in which this generally happens is through humans looking at an imag...
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2412.16500
Speech Retrieval-Augmented Generation without Automatic Speech Recognition
[ "eess.AS", "cs.AI", "cs.CL" ]
One common approach for question answering over speech data is to first transcribe speech using automatic speech recognition (ASR) and then employ text-based retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) on the transcriptions. While this cascaded pipeline has proven effective in many practical settings, ASR errors can propagate...
{ "Other": 0, "cs.AI": 1, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 1, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 0, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 0, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.16502
Spatial-Temporal Knowledge Distillation for Takeaway Recommendation
[ "cs.LG", "cs.IR" ]
The takeaway recommendation system aims to recommend users' future takeaway purchases based on their historical purchase behaviors, thereby improving user satisfaction and boosting merchant sales. Existing methods focus on incorporating auxiliary information or leveraging knowledge graphs to alleviate the sparsity issu...
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2412.16503
First-frame Supervised Video Polyp Segmentation via Propagative and Semantic Dual-teacher Network
[ "cs.CV" ]
Automatic video polyp segmentation plays a critical role in gastrointestinal cancer screening, but the cost of frameby-frame annotations is prohibitively high. While sparse-frame supervised methods have reduced this burden proportionately, the cost remains overwhelming for long-duration videos and large-scale datasets....
{ "Other": 0, "cs.AI": 0, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 0, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 1, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 0, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.16504
Privacy in Fine-tuning Large Language Models: Attacks, Defenses, and Future Directions
[ "cs.AI" ]
Fine-tuning has emerged as a critical process in leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) for specific downstream tasks, enabling these models to achieve state-of-the-art performance across various domains. However, the fine-tuning process often involves sensitive datasets, introducing privacy risks that exploit the uni...
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2412.16506
Unsupervised Domain Adaptive Person Search via Dual Self-Calibration
[ "cs.CV" ]
Unsupervised Domain Adaptive (UDA) person search focuses on employing the model trained on a labeled source domain dataset to a target domain dataset without any additional annotations. Most effective UDA person search methods typically utilize the ground truth of the source domain and pseudo-labels derived from cluste...
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2412.16507
Adapting Whisper for Code-Switching through Encoding Refining and Language-Aware Decoding
[ "cs.CL", "cs.SD", "eess.AS" ]
Code-switching (CS) automatic speech recognition (ASR) faces challenges due to the language confusion resulting from accents, auditory similarity, and seamless language switches. Adaptation on the pre-trained multi-lingual model has shown promising performance for CS-ASR. In this paper, we adapt Whisper, which is a lar...
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2412.16511
Context-Aware Outlier Rejection for Robust Multi-View 3D Tracking of Similar Small Birds in An Outdoor Aviary
[ "cs.CV" ]
This paper presents a novel approach for robust 3D tracking of multiple birds in an outdoor aviary using a multi-camera system. Our method addresses the challenges of visually similar birds and their rapid movements by leveraging environmental landmarks for enhanced feature matching and 3D reconstruction. In our approa...
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2412.16512
TrojFlow: Flow Models are Natural Targets for Trojan Attacks
[ "cs.CV", "cs.AI" ]
Flow-based generative models (FMs) have rapidly advanced as a method for mapping noise to data, its efficient training and sampling process makes it widely applicable in various fields. FMs can be viewed as a variant of diffusion models (DMs). At the same time, previous studies have shown that DMs are vulnerable to Tro...
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2412.16515
VSFormer: Value and Shape-Aware Transformer with Prior-Enhanced Self-Attention for Multivariate Time Series Classification
[ "cs.LG", "cs.AI" ]
Multivariate time series classification is a crucial task in data mining, attracting growing research interest due to its broad applications. While many existing methods focus on discovering discriminative patterns in time series, real-world data does not always present such patterns, and sometimes raw numerical values...
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2412.16516
HammerBench: Fine-Grained Function-Calling Evaluation in Real Mobile Device Scenarios
[ "cs.CL", "cs.HC" ]
Evaluating the performance of LLMs in multi-turn human-agent interactions presents significant challenges, particularly due to the complexity and variability of user behavior. In this paper, we introduce HammerBench, a novel benchmark framework for assessing LLMs' function-calling capabilities in real-world, multi-turn...
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2412.16519
Anchor Learning with Potential Cluster Constraints for Multi-view Clustering
[ "cs.CV" ]
Anchor-based multi-view clustering (MVC) has received extensive attention due to its efficient performance. Existing methods only focus on how to dynamically learn anchors from the original data and simultaneously construct anchor graphs describing the relationships between samples and perform clustering, while ignorin...
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2412.16521
Batch Selection for Multi-Label Classification Guided by Uncertainty and Dynamic Label Correlations
[ "cs.LG", "stat.ML" ]
The accuracy of deep neural networks is significantly influenced by the effectiveness of mini-batch construction during training. In single-label scenarios, such as binary and multi-class classification tasks, it has been demonstrated that batch selection algorithms preferring samples with higher uncertainty achieve be...
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2412.16522
Enhancing Contrastive Learning Inspired by the Philosophy of "The Blind Men and the Elephant"
[ "cs.CV", "cs.AI" ]
Contrastive learning is a prevalent technique in self-supervised vision representation learning, typically generating positive pairs by applying two data augmentations to the same image. Designing effective data augmentation strategies is crucial for the success of contrastive learning. Inspired by the story of the bli...
{ "Other": 0, "cs.AI": 1, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 0, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 1, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 0, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.16523
Physics-Guided Fair Graph Sampling for Water Temperature Prediction in River Networks
[ "cs.LG", "cs.CY", "physics.soc-ph", "stat.ML" ]
This work introduces a novel graph neural networks (GNNs)-based method to predict stream water temperature and reduce model bias across locations of different income and education levels. Traditional physics-based models often have limited accuracy because they are necessarily approximations of reality. Recently, there...
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2412.16524
LLaVA-SLT: Visual Language Tuning for Sign Language Translation
[ "cs.CV" ]
In the realm of Sign Language Translation (SLT), reliance on costly gloss-annotated datasets has posed a significant barrier. Recent advancements in gloss-free SLT methods have shown promise, yet they often largely lag behind gloss-based approaches in terms of translation accuracy. To narrow this performance gap, we in...
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2412.16526
Text2midi: Generating Symbolic Music from Captions
[ "cs.SD", "cs.AI", "cs.CL", "eess.AS" ]
This paper introduces text2midi, an end-to-end model to generate MIDI files from textual descriptions. Leveraging the growing popularity of multimodal generative approaches, text2midi capitalizes on the extensive availability of textual data and the success of large language models (LLMs). Our end-to-end system harness...
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2412.16530
Improving Lip-synchrony in Direct Audio-Visual Speech-to-Speech Translation
[ "cs.SD", "cs.CL", "cs.CV", "cs.MM", "eess.AS" ]
Audio-Visual Speech-to-Speech Translation typically prioritizes improving translation quality and naturalness. However, an equally critical aspect in audio-visual content is lip-synchrony-ensuring that the movements of the lips match the spoken content-essential for maintaining realism in dubbed videos. Despite its imp...
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2412.16531
From Creation to Curriculum: Examining the role of generative AI in Arts Universities
[ "cs.AI", "cs.CY" ]
The age of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is marked by its transformative "generative" capabilities, distinguishing it from prior iterations. This burgeoning characteristic of AI has enabled it to produce new and original content, inherently showcasing its creative prowess. This shift challenges and requires a recalibrat...
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2412.16533
Self-guided Knowledgeable Network of Thoughts: Amplifying Reasoning with Large Language Models
[ "cs.MA", "cs.CL", "cs.LG" ]
We introduce Knowledgeable Network of Thoughts (kNoT): a prompt scheme that advances the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) beyond existing paradigms like Chain-of-Thought (CoT), Tree of Thoughts (ToT), and Graph of Thoughts (GoT). The key innovation of kNoT is the LLM Workflow Template (LWT), which allows fo...
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2412.16534
DOFEN: Deep Oblivious Forest ENsemble
[ "cs.LG", "stat.ML" ]
Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have revolutionized artificial intelligence, achieving impressive results on diverse data types, including images, videos, and texts. However, DNNs still lag behind Gradient Boosting Decision Trees (GBDT) on tabular data, a format extensively utilized across various domains. In this paper, w...
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2412.16539
Towards Environmentally Equitable AI
[ "cs.LG", "cs.AI", "cs.CY" ]
The skyrocketing demand for artificial intelligence (AI) has created an enormous appetite for globally deployed power-hungry servers. As a result, the environmental footprint of AI systems has come under increasing scrutiny. More crucially, the current way that we exploit AI workloads' flexibility and manage AI systems...
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2412.16540
Prior2Posterior: Model Prior Correction for Long-Tailed Learning
[ "cs.CV", "cs.AI" ]
Learning-based solutions for long-tailed recognition face difficulties in generalizing on balanced test datasets. Due to imbalanced data prior, the learned \textit{a posteriori} distribution is biased toward the most frequent (head) classes, leading to an inferior performance on the least frequent (tail) classes. In ge...
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2412.16542
FairDD: Enhancing Fairness with domain-incremental learning in dermatological disease diagnosis
[ "cs.LG", "cs.CV", "cs.CY" ]
With the rapid advancement of deep learning technologies, artificial intelligence has become increasingly prevalent in the research and application of dermatological disease diagnosis. However, this data-driven approach often faces issues related to decision bias. Existing fairness enhancement techniques typically come...
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2412.16543
Mathematics and Machine Creativity: A Survey on Bridging Mathematics with AI
[ "cs.AI" ]
This paper presents a comprehensive overview on the applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in mathematical research, highlighting the transformative role AI has begun to play in this domain. Traditionally, AI advancements have heavily relied on theoretical foundations provided by mathematics and statistics. Howev...
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2412.16545
Attention Entropy is a Key Factor: An Analysis of Parallel Context Encoding with Full-attention-based Pre-trained Language Models
[ "cs.CL" ]
Large language models have shown remarkable performance across a wide range of language tasks, owing to their exceptional capabilities in context modeling. The most commonly used method of context modeling is full self-attention, as seen in standard decoder-only Transformers. Although powerful, this method can be ineff...
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2412.16547
ActPC-Chem: Discrete Active Predictive Coding for Goal-Guided Algorithmic Chemistry as a Potential Cognitive Kernel for Hyperon & PRIMUS-Based AGI
[ "cs.AI" ]
We explore a novel paradigm (labeled ActPC-Chem) for biologically inspired, goal-guided artificial intelligence (AI) centered on a form of Discrete Active Predictive Coding (ActPC) operating within an algorithmic chemistry of rewrite rules. ActPC-Chem is envisioned as a foundational "cognitive kernel" for advanced cogn...
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2412.16552
Diffusion Prior Interpolation for Flexibility Real-World Face Super-Resolution
[ "cs.CV", "cs.AI" ]
Diffusion models represent the state-of-the-art in generative modeling. Due to their high training costs, many works leverage pre-trained diffusion models' powerful representations for downstream tasks, such as face super-resolution (FSR), through fine-tuning or prior-based methods. However, relying solely on priors wi...
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2412.16553
Semantics Prompting Data-Free Quantization for Low-Bit Vision Transformers
[ "cs.CV" ]
Data-free quantization (DFQ), which facilitates model quantization without real data to address increasing concerns about data security, has garnered significant attention within the model compression community. Recently, the unique architecture of vision transformers (ViTs) has driven the development of specialized DF...
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2412.16554
High-Dimensional Bayesian Optimization via Random Projection of Manifold Subspaces
[ "cs.LG", "stat.ML" ]
Bayesian Optimization (BO) is a popular approach to optimizing expensive-to-evaluate black-box functions. Despite the success of BO, its performance may decrease exponentially as the dimensionality increases. A common framework to tackle this problem is to assume that the objective function depends on a limited set of ...
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2412.16555
Divide and Conquer: A Hybrid Strategy Defeats Multimodal Large Language Models
[ "cs.CL" ]
Large language models (LLMs) are widely applied in various fields of society due to their powerful reasoning, understanding, and generation capabilities. However, the security issues associated with these models are becoming increasingly severe. Jailbreaking attacks, as an important method for detecting vulnerabilities...
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2412.16556
Acquisition of Recursive Possessives and Recursive Locatives in Mandarin
[ "cs.CL" ]
As recursion has been underlying any linguistic work for the last 60 years, the acquisition of recursive structures by children during language learning has become a focal point of inquiry. This study delves into the developmental trajectory of Mandarin-speaking children's acquisition of recursive possessives and locat...
{ "Other": 0, "cs.AI": 0, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 1, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 0, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 0, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.16557
CognTKE: A Cognitive Temporal Knowledge Extrapolation Framework
[ "cs.AI" ]
Reasoning future unknowable facts on temporal knowledge graphs (TKGs) is a challenging task, holding significant academic and practical values for various fields. Existing studies exploring explainable reasoning concentrate on modeling comprehensible temporal paths relevant to the query. Yet, these path-based methods p...
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2412.16559
Metagoals Endowing Self-Modifying AGI Systems with Goal Stability or Moderated Goal Evolution: Toward a Formally Sound and Practical Approach
[ "cs.AI" ]
We articulate here a series of specific metagoals designed to address the challenge of creating AGI systems that possess the ability to flexibly self-modify yet also have the propensity to maintain key invariant properties of their goal systems 1) a series of goal-stability metagoals aimed to guide a system to a cond...
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2412.16561
A learning-based approach to stochastic optimal control under reach-avoid constraint
[ "math.OC", "cs.LG" ]
We develop a model-free approach to optimally control stochastic, Markovian systems subject to a reach-avoid constraint. Specifically, the state trajectory must remain within a safe set while reaching a target set within a finite time horizon. Due to the time-dependent nature of these constraints, we show that, in gene...
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2412.16563
SemTalk: Holistic Co-speech Motion Generation with Frame-level Semantic Emphasis
[ "cs.CV" ]
A good co-speech motion generation cannot be achieved without a careful integration of common rhythmic motion and rare yet essential semantic motion. In this work, we propose SemTalk for holistic co-speech motion generation with frame-level semantic emphasis. Our key insight is to separately learn general motions and s...
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2412.16564
Predictive Monitoring of Black-Box Dynamical Systems
[ "eess.SY", "cs.AI", "cs.SY" ]
We study the problem of predictive runtime monitoring of black-box dynamical systems with quantitative safety properties. The black-box setting stipulates that the exact semantics of the dynamical system and the controller are unknown, and that we are only able to observe the state of the controlled (aka, closed-loop) ...
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2412.16565
Learning for Cross-Layer Resource Allocation in MEC-Aided Cell-Free Networks
[ "cs.LG", "cs.AI" ]
Cross-layer resource allocation over mobile edge computing (MEC)-aided cell-free networks can sufficiently exploit the transmitting and computing resources to promote the data rate. However, the technical bottlenecks of traditional methods pose significant challenges to cross-layer optimization. In this paper, joint su...
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2412.16572
Breaking the Context Bottleneck on Long Time Series Forecasting
[ "cs.LG", "cs.AI" ]
Long-term time-series forecasting is essential for planning and decision-making in economics, energy, and transportation, where long foresight is required. To obtain such long foresight, models must be both efficient and effective in processing long sequence. Recent advancements have enhanced the efficiency of these mo...
{ "Other": 0, "cs.AI": 1, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 0, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 0, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 1, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.16576
Open-Vocabulary Mobile Manipulation Based on Double Relaxed Contrastive Learning with Dense Labeling
[ "cs.RO", "cs.CL", "cs.CV" ]
Growing labor shortages are increasing the demand for domestic service robots (DSRs) to assist in various settings. In this study, we develop a DSR that transports everyday objects to specified pieces of furniture based on open-vocabulary instructions. Our approach focuses on retrieving images of target objects and rec...
{ "Other": 0, "cs.AI": 0, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 1, "cs.CR": 0, "cs.CV": 1, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 0, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 1, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.16577
A Meta-Learning Approach to Bayesian Causal Discovery
[ "cs.LG", "stat.ME", "stat.ML" ]
Discovering a unique causal structure is difficult due to both inherent identifiability issues, and the consequences of finite data. As such, uncertainty over causal structures, such as those obtained from a Bayesian posterior, are often necessary for downstream tasks. Finding an accurate approximation to this posterio...
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2412.16579
A generalisation of bent vectors for Butson Hadamard matrices
[ "math.CO", "cs.IT", "math.IT" ]
An $n\times n$ complex matrix $M$ with entries in the $k^{\textrm{th}}$ roots of unity which satisfies $MM^{\ast} = nI_{n}$ is called a Butson Hadamard matrix. While a matrix with entries in the $k^{\textrm{th}}$ roots typically does not have an eigenvector with entries in the same set, such vectors and their generalis...
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2412.16581
Effective and Efficient Representation Learning for Flight Trajectories
[ "cs.AI" ]
Flight trajectory data plays a vital role in the traffic management community, especially for downstream tasks such as trajectory prediction, flight recognition, and anomaly detection. Existing works often utilize handcrafted features and design models for different tasks individually, which heavily rely on domain expe...
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2412.16582
FedGA: Federated Learning with Gradient Alignment for Error Asymmetry Mitigation
[ "cs.LG", "cs.CR" ]
Federated learning (FL) triggers intra-client and inter-client class imbalance, with the latter compared to the former leading to biased client updates and thus deteriorating the distributed models. Such a bias is exacerbated during the server aggregation phase and has yet to be effectively addressed by conventional re...
{ "Other": 0, "cs.AI": 0, "cs.CE": 0, "cs.CL": 0, "cs.CR": 1, "cs.CV": 0, "cs.CY": 0, "cs.DB": 0, "cs.HC": 0, "cs.IR": 0, "cs.IT": 0, "cs.LG": 1, "cs.MA": 0, "cs.NE": 0, "cs.RO": 0, "cs.SD": 0, "cs.SI": 0, "cs.SY": 0 }
2412.16583
REO-VLM: Transforming VLM to Meet Regression Challenges in Earth Observation
[ "cs.CV" ]
The rapid evolution of Vision Language Models (VLMs) has catalyzed significant advancements in artificial intelligence, expanding research across various disciplines, including Earth Observation (EO). While VLMs have enhanced image understanding and data processing within EO, their applications have predominantly focus...
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2412.16589
Improving FIM Code Completions via Context & Curriculum Based Learning
[ "cs.IR" ]
Fill-in-the-Middle (FIM) models play a vital role in code completion tasks, leveraging both prefix and suffix context to provide more accurate and contextually relevant suggestions. This paper presents approaches to improve FIM code completion while addressing the challenge of maintaining low latency for real-time codi...
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2412.16590
Quantum $(r,\delta)$-locally recoverable codes
[ "cs.IT", "math.IT", "quant-ph" ]
A classical $(r,\delta)$-locally recoverable code is an error-correcting code such that, for each coordinate $c_i$ of a codeword, there exists a set of at most $r+ \delta -1$ coordinates containing $c_i$ which allow us to correct any $\delta -1$ erasures in that set. These codes are useful for avoiding loss of informat...
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