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:class:`float`: Measures latency between a HEARTBEAT and a HEARTBEAT_ACK in seconds.
This operates similarly to :meth:`.Client.latency` except it uses the average
latency of every shard's latency. To get a list of shard latency, check the
:attr:`latencies` property. Returns ``nan`` if there are no shards ready.
def latency(self):
""":class:`float`: Measures latency between a HEARTBEAT and a HEARTBEAT_ACK in seconds.
This operates similarly to :meth:`.Client.latency` except it uses the average
latency of every shard's latency. To get a list of shard latency, check the
:attr:`latencies` property. Returns ``nan`` if there are no shards ready.
"""
if not self.shards:
return float('nan')
return sum(latency for _, latency in self.latencies) / len(self.shards) |
List[Tuple[:class:`int`, :class:`float`]]: A list of latencies between a HEARTBEAT and a HEARTBEAT_ACK in seconds.
This returns a list of tuples with elements ``(shard_id, latency)``.
def latencies(self):
"""List[Tuple[:class:`int`, :class:`float`]]: A list of latencies between a HEARTBEAT and a HEARTBEAT_ACK in seconds.
This returns a list of tuples with elements ``(shard_id, latency)``.
"""
return [(shard_id, shard.ws.latency) for shard_id, shard in self.shards.items()] |
r"""|coro|
Requests previously offline members from the guild to be filled up
into the :attr:`Guild.members` cache. This function is usually not
called. It should only be used if you have the ``fetch_offline_members``
parameter set to ``False``.
When the client logs on and connects to the websocket, Discord does
not provide the library with offline members if the number of members
in the guild is larger than 250. You can check if a guild is large
if :attr:`Guild.large` is ``True``.
Parameters
-----------
\*guilds: :class:`Guild`
An argument list of guilds to request offline members for.
Raises
-------
InvalidArgument
If any guild is unavailable or not large in the collection.
async def request_offline_members(self, *guilds):
r"""|coro|
Requests previously offline members from the guild to be filled up
into the :attr:`Guild.members` cache. This function is usually not
called. It should only be used if you have the ``fetch_offline_members``
parameter set to ``False``.
When the client logs on and connects to the websocket, Discord does
not provide the library with offline members if the number of members
in the guild is larger than 250. You can check if a guild is large
if :attr:`Guild.large` is ``True``.
Parameters
-----------
\*guilds: :class:`Guild`
An argument list of guilds to request offline members for.
Raises
-------
InvalidArgument
If any guild is unavailable or not large in the collection.
"""
if any(not g.large or g.unavailable for g in guilds):
raise InvalidArgument('An unavailable or non-large guild was passed.')
_guilds = sorted(guilds, key=lambda g: g.shard_id)
for shard_id, sub_guilds in itertools.groupby(_guilds, key=lambda g: g.shard_id):
sub_guilds = list(sub_guilds)
await self._connection.request_offline_members(sub_guilds, shard_id=shard_id) |
|coro|
Closes the connection to discord.
async def close(self):
"""|coro|
Closes the connection to discord.
"""
if self.is_closed():
return
self._closed = True
for vc in self.voice_clients:
try:
await vc.disconnect()
except Exception:
pass
to_close = [shard.ws.close() for shard in self.shards.values()]
if to_close:
await asyncio.wait(to_close, loop=self.loop)
await self.http.close() |
|coro|
Changes the client's presence.
The activity parameter is a :class:`Activity` object (not a string) that represents
the activity being done currently. This could also be the slimmed down versions,
:class:`Game` and :class:`Streaming`.
Example: ::
game = discord.Game("with the API")
await client.change_presence(status=discord.Status.idle, activity=game)
Parameters
----------
activity: Optional[Union[:class:`Game`, :class:`Streaming`, :class:`Activity`]]
The activity being done. ``None`` if no currently active activity is done.
status: Optional[:class:`Status`]
Indicates what status to change to. If None, then
:attr:`Status.online` is used.
afk: :class:`bool`
Indicates if you are going AFK. This allows the discord
client to know how to handle push notifications better
for you in case you are actually idle and not lying.
shard_id: Optional[:class:`int`]
The shard_id to change the presence to. If not specified
or ``None``, then it will change the presence of every
shard the bot can see.
Raises
------
InvalidArgument
If the ``activity`` parameter is not of proper type.
async def change_presence(self, *, activity=None, status=None, afk=False, shard_id=None):
"""|coro|
Changes the client's presence.
The activity parameter is a :class:`Activity` object (not a string) that represents
the activity being done currently. This could also be the slimmed down versions,
:class:`Game` and :class:`Streaming`.
Example: ::
game = discord.Game("with the API")
await client.change_presence(status=discord.Status.idle, activity=game)
Parameters
----------
activity: Optional[Union[:class:`Game`, :class:`Streaming`, :class:`Activity`]]
The activity being done. ``None`` if no currently active activity is done.
status: Optional[:class:`Status`]
Indicates what status to change to. If None, then
:attr:`Status.online` is used.
afk: :class:`bool`
Indicates if you are going AFK. This allows the discord
client to know how to handle push notifications better
for you in case you are actually idle and not lying.
shard_id: Optional[:class:`int`]
The shard_id to change the presence to. If not specified
or ``None``, then it will change the presence of every
shard the bot can see.
Raises
------
InvalidArgument
If the ``activity`` parameter is not of proper type.
"""
if status is None:
status = 'online'
status_enum = Status.online
elif status is Status.offline:
status = 'invisible'
status_enum = Status.offline
else:
status_enum = status
status = str(status)
if shard_id is None:
for shard in self.shards.values():
await shard.ws.change_presence(activity=activity, status=status, afk=afk)
guilds = self._connection.guilds
else:
shard = self.shards[shard_id]
await shard.ws.change_presence(activity=activity, status=status, afk=afk)
guilds = [g for g in self._connection.guilds if g.shard_id == shard_id]
for guild in guilds:
me = guild.me
if me is None:
continue
me.activities = (activity,)
me.status = status_enum |
Returns a :class:`list` of :class:`Member` with this role.
def members(self):
"""Returns a :class:`list` of :class:`Member` with this role."""
all_members = self.guild.members
if self.is_default():
return all_members
role_id = self.id
return [member for member in all_members if member._roles.has(role_id)] |
|coro|
Edits the role.
You must have the :attr:`~Permissions.manage_roles` permission to
use this.
All fields are optional.
Parameters
-----------
name: :class:`str`
The new role name to change to.
permissions: :class:`Permissions`
The new permissions to change to.
colour: :class:`Colour`
The new colour to change to. (aliased to color as well)
hoist: :class:`bool`
Indicates if the role should be shown separately in the member list.
mentionable: :class:`bool`
Indicates if the role should be mentionable by others.
position: :class:`int`
The new role's position. This must be below your top role's
position or it will fail.
reason: Optional[:class:`str`]
The reason for editing this role. Shows up on the audit log.
Raises
-------
Forbidden
You do not have permissions to change the role.
HTTPException
Editing the role failed.
InvalidArgument
An invalid position was given or the default
role was asked to be moved.
async def edit(self, *, reason=None, **fields):
"""|coro|
Edits the role.
You must have the :attr:`~Permissions.manage_roles` permission to
use this.
All fields are optional.
Parameters
-----------
name: :class:`str`
The new role name to change to.
permissions: :class:`Permissions`
The new permissions to change to.
colour: :class:`Colour`
The new colour to change to. (aliased to color as well)
hoist: :class:`bool`
Indicates if the role should be shown separately in the member list.
mentionable: :class:`bool`
Indicates if the role should be mentionable by others.
position: :class:`int`
The new role's position. This must be below your top role's
position or it will fail.
reason: Optional[:class:`str`]
The reason for editing this role. Shows up on the audit log.
Raises
-------
Forbidden
You do not have permissions to change the role.
HTTPException
Editing the role failed.
InvalidArgument
An invalid position was given or the default
role was asked to be moved.
"""
position = fields.get('position')
if position is not None:
await self._move(position, reason=reason)
self.position = position
try:
colour = fields['colour']
except KeyError:
colour = fields.get('color', self.colour)
payload = {
'name': fields.get('name', self.name),
'permissions': fields.get('permissions', self.permissions).value,
'color': colour.value,
'hoist': fields.get('hoist', self.hoist),
'mentionable': fields.get('mentionable', self.mentionable)
}
data = await self._state.http.edit_role(self.guild.id, self.id, reason=reason, **payload)
self._update(data) |
|coro|
Deletes the role.
You must have the :attr:`~Permissions.manage_roles` permission to
use this.
Parameters
-----------
reason: Optional[:class:`str`]
The reason for deleting this role. Shows up on the audit log.
Raises
--------
Forbidden
You do not have permissions to delete the role.
HTTPException
Deleting the role failed.
async def delete(self, *, reason=None):
"""|coro|
Deletes the role.
You must have the :attr:`~Permissions.manage_roles` permission to
use this.
Parameters
-----------
reason: Optional[:class:`str`]
The reason for deleting this role. Shows up on the audit log.
Raises
--------
Forbidden
You do not have permissions to delete the role.
HTTPException
Deleting the role failed.
"""
await self._state.http.delete_role(self.guild.id, self.id, reason=reason) |
Create a list of blueprints, optionally grouping them under a
general URL prefix.
:param blueprints: blueprints to be registered as a group
:param url_prefix: URL route to be prepended to all sub-prefixes
def group(*blueprints, url_prefix=""):
"""
Create a list of blueprints, optionally grouping them under a
general URL prefix.
:param blueprints: blueprints to be registered as a group
:param url_prefix: URL route to be prepended to all sub-prefixes
"""
def chain(nested):
"""itertools.chain() but leaves strings untouched"""
for i in nested:
if isinstance(i, (list, tuple)):
yield from chain(i)
elif isinstance(i, BlueprintGroup):
yield from i.blueprints
else:
yield i
bps = BlueprintGroup(url_prefix=url_prefix)
for bp in chain(blueprints):
if bp.url_prefix is None:
bp.url_prefix = ""
bp.url_prefix = url_prefix + bp.url_prefix
bps.append(bp)
return bps |
Register the blueprint to the sanic app.
:param app: Instance of :class:`sanic.app.Sanic` class
:param options: Options to be used while registering the
blueprint into the app.
*url_prefix* - URL Prefix to override the blueprint prefix
def register(self, app, options):
"""
Register the blueprint to the sanic app.
:param app: Instance of :class:`sanic.app.Sanic` class
:param options: Options to be used while registering the
blueprint into the app.
*url_prefix* - URL Prefix to override the blueprint prefix
"""
url_prefix = options.get("url_prefix", self.url_prefix)
# Routes
for future in self.routes:
# attach the blueprint name to the handler so that it can be
# prefixed properly in the router
future.handler.__blueprintname__ = self.name
# Prepend the blueprint URI prefix if available
uri = url_prefix + future.uri if url_prefix else future.uri
version = future.version or self.version
app.route(
uri=uri[1:] if uri.startswith("//") else uri,
methods=future.methods,
host=future.host or self.host,
strict_slashes=future.strict_slashes,
stream=future.stream,
version=version,
name=future.name,
)(future.handler)
for future in self.websocket_routes:
# attach the blueprint name to the handler so that it can be
# prefixed properly in the router
future.handler.__blueprintname__ = self.name
# Prepend the blueprint URI prefix if available
uri = url_prefix + future.uri if url_prefix else future.uri
app.websocket(
uri=uri,
host=future.host or self.host,
strict_slashes=future.strict_slashes,
name=future.name,
)(future.handler)
# Middleware
for future in self.middlewares:
if future.args or future.kwargs:
app.register_middleware(
future.middleware, *future.args, **future.kwargs
)
else:
app.register_middleware(future.middleware)
# Exceptions
for future in self.exceptions:
app.exception(*future.args, **future.kwargs)(future.handler)
# Static Files
for future in self.statics:
# Prepend the blueprint URI prefix if available
uri = url_prefix + future.uri if url_prefix else future.uri
app.static(
uri, future.file_or_directory, *future.args, **future.kwargs
)
# Event listeners
for event, listeners in self.listeners.items():
for listener in listeners:
app.listener(event)(listener) |
Create a blueprint route from a decorated function.
:param uri: endpoint at which the route will be accessible.
:param methods: list of acceptable HTTP methods.
:param host: IP Address of FQDN for the sanic server to use.
:param strict_slashes: Enforce the API urls are requested with a
training */*
:param stream: If the route should provide a streaming support
:param version: Blueprint Version
:param name: Unique name to identify the Route
:return a decorated method that when invoked will return an object
of type :class:`FutureRoute`
def route(
self,
uri,
methods=frozenset({"GET"}),
host=None,
strict_slashes=None,
stream=False,
version=None,
name=None,
):
"""Create a blueprint route from a decorated function.
:param uri: endpoint at which the route will be accessible.
:param methods: list of acceptable HTTP methods.
:param host: IP Address of FQDN for the sanic server to use.
:param strict_slashes: Enforce the API urls are requested with a
training */*
:param stream: If the route should provide a streaming support
:param version: Blueprint Version
:param name: Unique name to identify the Route
:return a decorated method that when invoked will return an object
of type :class:`FutureRoute`
"""
if strict_slashes is None:
strict_slashes = self.strict_slashes
def decorator(handler):
route = FutureRoute(
handler,
uri,
methods,
host,
strict_slashes,
stream,
version,
name,
)
self.routes.append(route)
return handler
return decorator |
Create a blueprint websocket route from a decorated function.
:param uri: endpoint at which the route will be accessible.
:param host: IP Address of FQDN for the sanic server to use.
:param strict_slashes: Enforce the API urls are requested with a
training */*
:param version: Blueprint Version
:param name: Unique name to identify the Websocket Route
def websocket(
self, uri, host=None, strict_slashes=None, version=None, name=None
):
"""Create a blueprint websocket route from a decorated function.
:param uri: endpoint at which the route will be accessible.
:param host: IP Address of FQDN for the sanic server to use.
:param strict_slashes: Enforce the API urls are requested with a
training */*
:param version: Blueprint Version
:param name: Unique name to identify the Websocket Route
"""
if strict_slashes is None:
strict_slashes = self.strict_slashes
def decorator(handler):
route = FutureRoute(
handler, uri, [], host, strict_slashes, False, version, name
)
self.websocket_routes.append(route)
return handler
return decorator |
Create a blueprint websocket route from a function.
:param handler: function for handling uri requests. Accepts function,
or class instance with a view_class method.
:param uri: endpoint at which the route will be accessible.
:param host: IP Address of FQDN for the sanic server to use.
:param version: Blueprint Version
:param name: Unique name to identify the Websocket Route
:return: function or class instance
def add_websocket_route(
self, handler, uri, host=None, version=None, name=None
):
"""Create a blueprint websocket route from a function.
:param handler: function for handling uri requests. Accepts function,
or class instance with a view_class method.
:param uri: endpoint at which the route will be accessible.
:param host: IP Address of FQDN for the sanic server to use.
:param version: Blueprint Version
:param name: Unique name to identify the Websocket Route
:return: function or class instance
"""
self.websocket(uri=uri, host=host, version=version, name=name)(handler)
return handler |
Create a listener from a decorated function.
:param event: Event to listen to.
def listener(self, event):
"""Create a listener from a decorated function.
:param event: Event to listen to.
"""
def decorator(listener):
self.listeners[event].append(listener)
return listener
return decorator |
Create a blueprint middleware from a decorated function.
:param args: Positional arguments to be used while invoking the
middleware
:param kwargs: optional keyword args that can be used with the
middleware.
def middleware(self, *args, **kwargs):
"""
Create a blueprint middleware from a decorated function.
:param args: Positional arguments to be used while invoking the
middleware
:param kwargs: optional keyword args that can be used with the
middleware.
"""
def register_middleware(_middleware):
future_middleware = FutureMiddleware(_middleware, args, kwargs)
self.middlewares.append(future_middleware)
return _middleware
# Detect which way this was called, @middleware or @middleware('AT')
if len(args) == 1 and len(kwargs) == 0 and callable(args[0]):
middleware = args[0]
args = []
return register_middleware(middleware)
else:
if kwargs.get("bp_group") and callable(args[0]):
middleware = args[0]
args = args[1:]
kwargs.pop("bp_group")
return register_middleware(middleware)
else:
return register_middleware |
This method enables the process of creating a global exception
handler for the current blueprint under question.
:param args: List of Python exceptions to be caught by the handler
:param kwargs: Additional optional arguments to be passed to the
exception handler
:return a decorated method to handle global exceptions for any
route registered under this blueprint.
def exception(self, *args, **kwargs):
"""
This method enables the process of creating a global exception
handler for the current blueprint under question.
:param args: List of Python exceptions to be caught by the handler
:param kwargs: Additional optional arguments to be passed to the
exception handler
:return a decorated method to handle global exceptions for any
route registered under this blueprint.
"""
def decorator(handler):
exception = FutureException(handler, args, kwargs)
self.exceptions.append(exception)
return handler
return decorator |
Create a blueprint static route from a decorated function.
:param uri: endpoint at which the route will be accessible.
:param file_or_directory: Static asset.
def static(self, uri, file_or_directory, *args, **kwargs):
"""Create a blueprint static route from a decorated function.
:param uri: endpoint at which the route will be accessible.
:param file_or_directory: Static asset.
"""
name = kwargs.pop("name", "static")
if not name.startswith(self.name + "."):
name = "{}.{}".format(self.name, name)
kwargs.update(name=name)
strict_slashes = kwargs.get("strict_slashes")
if strict_slashes is None and self.strict_slashes is not None:
kwargs.update(strict_slashes=self.strict_slashes)
static = FutureStatic(uri, file_or_directory, args, kwargs)
self.statics.append(static) |
Add an API URL under the **GET** *HTTP* method
:param uri: URL to be tagged to **GET** method of *HTTP*
:param host: Host IP or FQDN for the service to use
:param strict_slashes: Instruct :class:`sanic.app.Sanic` to check
if the request URLs need to terminate with a */*
:param version: API Version
:param name: Unique name that can be used to identify the Route
:return: Object decorated with :func:`route` method
def get(
self, uri, host=None, strict_slashes=None, version=None, name=None
):
"""
Add an API URL under the **GET** *HTTP* method
:param uri: URL to be tagged to **GET** method of *HTTP*
:param host: Host IP or FQDN for the service to use
:param strict_slashes: Instruct :class:`sanic.app.Sanic` to check
if the request URLs need to terminate with a */*
:param version: API Version
:param name: Unique name that can be used to identify the Route
:return: Object decorated with :func:`route` method
"""
return self.route(
uri,
methods=frozenset({"GET"}),
host=host,
strict_slashes=strict_slashes,
version=version,
name=name,
) |
Decorator used for adding exceptions to :class:`SanicException`.
def add_status_code(code):
"""
Decorator used for adding exceptions to :class:`SanicException`.
"""
def class_decorator(cls):
cls.status_code = code
_sanic_exceptions[code] = cls
return cls
return class_decorator |
Raise an exception based on SanicException. Returns the HTTP response
message appropriate for the given status code, unless provided.
:param status_code: The HTTP status code to return.
:param message: The HTTP response body. Defaults to the messages
in response.py for the given status code.
def abort(status_code, message=None):
"""
Raise an exception based on SanicException. Returns the HTTP response
message appropriate for the given status code, unless provided.
:param status_code: The HTTP status code to return.
:param message: The HTTP response body. Defaults to the messages
in response.py for the given status code.
"""
if message is None:
message = STATUS_CODES.get(status_code)
# These are stored as bytes in the STATUS_CODES dict
message = message.decode("utf8")
sanic_exception = _sanic_exceptions.get(status_code, SanicException)
raise sanic_exception(message=message, status_code=status_code) |
Schedule a task to run later, after the loop has started.
Different from asyncio.ensure_future in that it does not
also return a future, and the actual ensure_future call
is delayed until before server start.
:param task: future, couroutine or awaitable
def add_task(self, task):
"""Schedule a task to run later, after the loop has started.
Different from asyncio.ensure_future in that it does not
also return a future, and the actual ensure_future call
is delayed until before server start.
:param task: future, couroutine or awaitable
"""
try:
if callable(task):
try:
self.loop.create_task(task(self))
except TypeError:
self.loop.create_task(task())
else:
self.loop.create_task(task)
except SanicException:
@self.listener("before_server_start")
def run(app, loop):
if callable(task):
try:
loop.create_task(task(self))
except TypeError:
loop.create_task(task())
else:
loop.create_task(task) |
Decorate a function to be registered as a route
:param uri: path of the URL
:param methods: list or tuple of methods allowed
:param host:
:param strict_slashes:
:param stream:
:param version:
:param name: user defined route name for url_for
:return: decorated function
def route(
self,
uri,
methods=frozenset({"GET"}),
host=None,
strict_slashes=None,
stream=False,
version=None,
name=None,
):
"""Decorate a function to be registered as a route
:param uri: path of the URL
:param methods: list or tuple of methods allowed
:param host:
:param strict_slashes:
:param stream:
:param version:
:param name: user defined route name for url_for
:return: decorated function
"""
# Fix case where the user did not prefix the URL with a /
# and will probably get confused as to why it's not working
if not uri.startswith("/"):
uri = "/" + uri
if stream:
self.is_request_stream = True
if strict_slashes is None:
strict_slashes = self.strict_slashes
def response(handler):
args = list(signature(handler).parameters.keys())
if not args:
raise ValueError(
"Required parameter `request` missing "
"in the {0}() route?".format(handler.__name__)
)
if stream:
handler.is_stream = stream
self.router.add(
uri=uri,
methods=methods,
handler=handler,
host=host,
strict_slashes=strict_slashes,
version=version,
name=name,
)
return handler
return response |
Decorate a function to be registered as a websocket route
:param uri: path of the URL
:param subprotocols: optional list of str with supported subprotocols
:param host:
:return: decorated function
def websocket(
self, uri, host=None, strict_slashes=None, subprotocols=None, name=None
):
"""Decorate a function to be registered as a websocket route
:param uri: path of the URL
:param subprotocols: optional list of str with supported subprotocols
:param host:
:return: decorated function
"""
self.enable_websocket()
# Fix case where the user did not prefix the URL with a /
# and will probably get confused as to why it's not working
if not uri.startswith("/"):
uri = "/" + uri
if strict_slashes is None:
strict_slashes = self.strict_slashes
def response(handler):
async def websocket_handler(request, *args, **kwargs):
request.app = self
if not getattr(handler, "__blueprintname__", False):
request.endpoint = handler.__name__
else:
request.endpoint = (
getattr(handler, "__blueprintname__", "")
+ handler.__name__
)
try:
protocol = request.transport.get_protocol()
except AttributeError:
# On Python3.5 the Transport classes in asyncio do not
# have a get_protocol() method as in uvloop
protocol = request.transport._protocol
ws = await protocol.websocket_handshake(request, subprotocols)
# schedule the application handler
# its future is kept in self.websocket_tasks in case it
# needs to be cancelled due to the server being stopped
fut = ensure_future(handler(request, ws, *args, **kwargs))
self.websocket_tasks.add(fut)
try:
await fut
except (CancelledError, ConnectionClosed):
pass
finally:
self.websocket_tasks.remove(fut)
await ws.close()
self.router.add(
uri=uri,
handler=websocket_handler,
methods=frozenset({"GET"}),
host=host,
strict_slashes=strict_slashes,
name=name,
)
return handler
return response |
A helper method to register a function as a websocket route.
:param handler: a callable function or instance of a class
that can handle the websocket request
:param host: Host IP or FQDN details
:param uri: URL path that will be mapped to the websocket
handler
:param strict_slashes: If the API endpoint needs to terminate
with a "/" or not
:param subprotocols: Subprotocols to be used with websocket
handshake
:param name: A unique name assigned to the URL so that it can
be used with :func:`url_for`
:return: Objected decorated by :func:`websocket`
def add_websocket_route(
self,
handler,
uri,
host=None,
strict_slashes=None,
subprotocols=None,
name=None,
):
"""
A helper method to register a function as a websocket route.
:param handler: a callable function or instance of a class
that can handle the websocket request
:param host: Host IP or FQDN details
:param uri: URL path that will be mapped to the websocket
handler
:param strict_slashes: If the API endpoint needs to terminate
with a "/" or not
:param subprotocols: Subprotocols to be used with websocket
handshake
:param name: A unique name assigned to the URL so that it can
be used with :func:`url_for`
:return: Objected decorated by :func:`websocket`
"""
if strict_slashes is None:
strict_slashes = self.strict_slashes
return self.websocket(
uri,
host=host,
strict_slashes=strict_slashes,
subprotocols=subprotocols,
name=name,
)(handler) |
Enable or disable the support for websocket.
Websocket is enabled automatically if websocket routes are
added to the application.
def enable_websocket(self, enable=True):
"""Enable or disable the support for websocket.
Websocket is enabled automatically if websocket routes are
added to the application.
"""
if not self.websocket_enabled:
# if the server is stopped, we want to cancel any ongoing
# websocket tasks, to allow the server to exit promptly
@self.listener("before_server_stop")
def cancel_websocket_tasks(app, loop):
for task in self.websocket_tasks:
task.cancel()
self.websocket_enabled = enable |
This method provides the app user a mechanism by which an already
existing route can be removed from the :class:`Sanic` object
:param uri: URL Path to be removed from the app
:param clean_cache: Instruct sanic if it needs to clean up the LRU
route cache
:param host: IP address or FQDN specific to the host
:return: None
def remove_route(self, uri, clean_cache=True, host=None):
"""
This method provides the app user a mechanism by which an already
existing route can be removed from the :class:`Sanic` object
:param uri: URL Path to be removed from the app
:param clean_cache: Instruct sanic if it needs to clean up the LRU
route cache
:param host: IP address or FQDN specific to the host
:return: None
"""
self.router.remove(uri, clean_cache, host) |
Decorate a function to be registered as a handler for exceptions
:param exceptions: exceptions
:return: decorated function
def exception(self, *exceptions):
"""Decorate a function to be registered as a handler for exceptions
:param exceptions: exceptions
:return: decorated function
"""
def response(handler):
for exception in exceptions:
if isinstance(exception, (tuple, list)):
for e in exception:
self.error_handler.add(e, handler)
else:
self.error_handler.add(exception, handler)
return handler
return response |
Register an application level middleware that will be attached
to all the API URLs registered under this application.
This method is internally invoked by the :func:`middleware`
decorator provided at the app level.
:param middleware: Callback method to be attached to the
middleware
:param attach_to: The state at which the middleware needs to be
invoked in the lifecycle of an *HTTP Request*.
**request** - Invoke before the request is processed
**response** - Invoke before the response is returned back
:return: decorated method
def register_middleware(self, middleware, attach_to="request"):
"""
Register an application level middleware that will be attached
to all the API URLs registered under this application.
This method is internally invoked by the :func:`middleware`
decorator provided at the app level.
:param middleware: Callback method to be attached to the
middleware
:param attach_to: The state at which the middleware needs to be
invoked in the lifecycle of an *HTTP Request*.
**request** - Invoke before the request is processed
**response** - Invoke before the response is returned back
:return: decorated method
"""
if attach_to == "request":
if middleware not in self.request_middleware:
self.request_middleware.append(middleware)
if attach_to == "response":
if middleware not in self.response_middleware:
self.response_middleware.appendleft(middleware)
return middleware |
Decorate and register middleware to be called before a request.
Can either be called as *@app.middleware* or
*@app.middleware('request')*
:param: middleware_or_request: Optional parameter to use for
identifying which type of middleware is being registered.
def middleware(self, middleware_or_request):
"""
Decorate and register middleware to be called before a request.
Can either be called as *@app.middleware* or
*@app.middleware('request')*
:param: middleware_or_request: Optional parameter to use for
identifying which type of middleware is being registered.
"""
# Detect which way this was called, @middleware or @middleware('AT')
if callable(middleware_or_request):
return self.register_middleware(middleware_or_request)
else:
return partial(
self.register_middleware, attach_to=middleware_or_request
) |
Register a root to serve files from. The input can either be a
file or a directory. This method will enable an easy and simple way
to setup the :class:`Route` necessary to serve the static files.
:param uri: URL path to be used for serving static content
:param file_or_directory: Path for the Static file/directory with
static files
:param pattern: Regex Pattern identifying the valid static files
:param use_modified_since: If true, send file modified time, and return
not modified if the browser's matches the server's
:param use_content_range: If true, process header for range requests
and sends the file part that is requested
:param stream_large_files: If true, use the
:func:`StreamingHTTPResponse.file_stream` handler rather
than the :func:`HTTPResponse.file` handler to send the file.
If this is an integer, this represents the threshold size to
switch to :func:`StreamingHTTPResponse.file_stream`
:param name: user defined name used for url_for
:param host: Host IP or FQDN for the service to use
:param strict_slashes: Instruct :class:`Sanic` to check if the request
URLs need to terminate with a */*
:param content_type: user defined content type for header
:return: None
def static(
self,
uri,
file_or_directory,
pattern=r"/?.+",
use_modified_since=True,
use_content_range=False,
stream_large_files=False,
name="static",
host=None,
strict_slashes=None,
content_type=None,
):
"""
Register a root to serve files from. The input can either be a
file or a directory. This method will enable an easy and simple way
to setup the :class:`Route` necessary to serve the static files.
:param uri: URL path to be used for serving static content
:param file_or_directory: Path for the Static file/directory with
static files
:param pattern: Regex Pattern identifying the valid static files
:param use_modified_since: If true, send file modified time, and return
not modified if the browser's matches the server's
:param use_content_range: If true, process header for range requests
and sends the file part that is requested
:param stream_large_files: If true, use the
:func:`StreamingHTTPResponse.file_stream` handler rather
than the :func:`HTTPResponse.file` handler to send the file.
If this is an integer, this represents the threshold size to
switch to :func:`StreamingHTTPResponse.file_stream`
:param name: user defined name used for url_for
:param host: Host IP or FQDN for the service to use
:param strict_slashes: Instruct :class:`Sanic` to check if the request
URLs need to terminate with a */*
:param content_type: user defined content type for header
:return: None
"""
static_register(
self,
uri,
file_or_directory,
pattern,
use_modified_since,
use_content_range,
stream_large_files,
name,
host,
strict_slashes,
content_type,
) |
Register a blueprint on the application.
:param blueprint: Blueprint object or (list, tuple) thereof
:param options: option dictionary with blueprint defaults
:return: Nothing
def blueprint(self, blueprint, **options):
"""Register a blueprint on the application.
:param blueprint: Blueprint object or (list, tuple) thereof
:param options: option dictionary with blueprint defaults
:return: Nothing
"""
if isinstance(blueprint, (list, tuple, BlueprintGroup)):
for item in blueprint:
self.blueprint(item, **options)
return
if blueprint.name in self.blueprints:
assert self.blueprints[blueprint.name] is blueprint, (
'A blueprint with the name "%s" is already registered. '
"Blueprint names must be unique." % (blueprint.name,)
)
else:
self.blueprints[blueprint.name] = blueprint
self._blueprint_order.append(blueprint)
blueprint.register(self, options) |
Proxy method provided for invoking the :func:`blueprint` method
.. note::
To be deprecated in 1.0. Use :func:`blueprint` instead.
:param args: Blueprint object or (list, tuple) thereof
:param kwargs: option dictionary with blueprint defaults
:return: None
def register_blueprint(self, *args, **kwargs):
"""
Proxy method provided for invoking the :func:`blueprint` method
.. note::
To be deprecated in 1.0. Use :func:`blueprint` instead.
:param args: Blueprint object or (list, tuple) thereof
:param kwargs: option dictionary with blueprint defaults
:return: None
"""
if self.debug:
warnings.simplefilter("default")
warnings.warn(
"Use of register_blueprint will be deprecated in "
"version 1.0. Please use the blueprint method"
" instead",
DeprecationWarning,
)
return self.blueprint(*args, **kwargs) |
Take a request from the HTTP Server and return a response object
to be sent back The HTTP Server only expects a response object, so
exception handling must be done here
:param request: HTTP Request object
:param write_callback: Synchronous response function to be
called with the response as the only argument
:param stream_callback: Coroutine that handles streaming a
StreamingHTTPResponse if produced by the handler.
:return: Nothing
async def handle_request(self, request, write_callback, stream_callback):
"""Take a request from the HTTP Server and return a response object
to be sent back The HTTP Server only expects a response object, so
exception handling must be done here
:param request: HTTP Request object
:param write_callback: Synchronous response function to be
called with the response as the only argument
:param stream_callback: Coroutine that handles streaming a
StreamingHTTPResponse if produced by the handler.
:return: Nothing
"""
# Define `response` var here to remove warnings about
# allocation before assignment below.
response = None
cancelled = False
try:
# -------------------------------------------- #
# Request Middleware
# -------------------------------------------- #
response = await self._run_request_middleware(request)
# No middleware results
if not response:
# -------------------------------------------- #
# Execute Handler
# -------------------------------------------- #
# Fetch handler from router
handler, args, kwargs, uri = self.router.get(request)
request.uri_template = uri
if handler is None:
raise ServerError(
(
"'None' was returned while requesting a "
"handler from the router"
)
)
else:
if not getattr(handler, "__blueprintname__", False):
request.endpoint = self._build_endpoint_name(
handler.__name__
)
else:
request.endpoint = self._build_endpoint_name(
getattr(handler, "__blueprintname__", ""),
handler.__name__,
)
# Run response handler
response = handler(request, *args, **kwargs)
if isawaitable(response):
response = await response
except CancelledError:
# If response handler times out, the server handles the error
# and cancels the handle_request job.
# In this case, the transport is already closed and we cannot
# issue a response.
response = None
cancelled = True
except Exception as e:
# -------------------------------------------- #
# Response Generation Failed
# -------------------------------------------- #
try:
response = self.error_handler.response(request, e)
if isawaitable(response):
response = await response
except Exception as e:
if isinstance(e, SanicException):
response = self.error_handler.default(
request=request, exception=e
)
elif self.debug:
response = HTTPResponse(
"Error while handling error: {}\nStack: {}".format(
e, format_exc()
),
status=500,
)
else:
response = HTTPResponse(
"An error occurred while handling an error", status=500
)
finally:
# -------------------------------------------- #
# Response Middleware
# -------------------------------------------- #
# Don't run response middleware if response is None
if response is not None:
try:
response = await self._run_response_middleware(
request, response
)
except CancelledError:
# Response middleware can timeout too, as above.
response = None
cancelled = True
except BaseException:
error_logger.exception(
"Exception occurred in one of response "
"middleware handlers"
)
if cancelled:
raise CancelledError()
# pass the response to the correct callback
if isinstance(response, StreamingHTTPResponse):
await stream_callback(response)
else:
write_callback(response) |
Run the HTTP Server and listen until keyboard interrupt or term
signal. On termination, drain connections before closing.
:param host: Address to host on
:type host: str
:param port: Port to host on
:type port: int
:param debug: Enables debug output (slows server)
:type debug: bool
:param ssl: SSLContext, or location of certificate and key
for SSL encryption of worker(s)
:type ssl:SSLContext or dict
:param sock: Socket for the server to accept connections from
:type sock: socket
:param workers: Number of processes received before it is respected
:type workers: int
:param protocol: Subclass of asyncio Protocol class
:type protocol: type[Protocol]
:param backlog: a number of unaccepted connections that the system
will allow before refusing new connections
:type backlog: int
:param stop_event: event to be triggered
before stopping the app - deprecated
:type stop_event: None
:param register_sys_signals: Register SIG* events
:type register_sys_signals: bool
:param access_log: Enables writing access logs (slows server)
:type access_log: bool
:return: Nothing
def run(
self,
host: Optional[str] = None,
port: Optional[int] = None,
debug: bool = False,
ssl: Union[dict, SSLContext, None] = None,
sock: Optional[socket] = None,
workers: int = 1,
protocol: Type[Protocol] = None,
backlog: int = 100,
stop_event: Any = None,
register_sys_signals: bool = True,
access_log: Optional[bool] = None,
**kwargs: Any
) -> None:
"""Run the HTTP Server and listen until keyboard interrupt or term
signal. On termination, drain connections before closing.
:param host: Address to host on
:type host: str
:param port: Port to host on
:type port: int
:param debug: Enables debug output (slows server)
:type debug: bool
:param ssl: SSLContext, or location of certificate and key
for SSL encryption of worker(s)
:type ssl:SSLContext or dict
:param sock: Socket for the server to accept connections from
:type sock: socket
:param workers: Number of processes received before it is respected
:type workers: int
:param protocol: Subclass of asyncio Protocol class
:type protocol: type[Protocol]
:param backlog: a number of unaccepted connections that the system
will allow before refusing new connections
:type backlog: int
:param stop_event: event to be triggered
before stopping the app - deprecated
:type stop_event: None
:param register_sys_signals: Register SIG* events
:type register_sys_signals: bool
:param access_log: Enables writing access logs (slows server)
:type access_log: bool
:return: Nothing
"""
if "loop" in kwargs:
raise TypeError(
"loop is not a valid argument. To use an existing loop, "
"change to create_server().\nSee more: "
"https://sanic.readthedocs.io/en/latest/sanic/deploying.html"
"#asynchronous-support"
)
# Default auto_reload to false
auto_reload = False
# If debug is set, default it to true (unless on windows)
if debug and os.name == "posix":
auto_reload = True
# Allow for overriding either of the defaults
auto_reload = kwargs.get("auto_reload", auto_reload)
if sock is None:
host, port = host or "127.0.0.1", port or 8000
if protocol is None:
protocol = (
WebSocketProtocol if self.websocket_enabled else HttpProtocol
)
if stop_event is not None:
if debug:
warnings.simplefilter("default")
warnings.warn(
"stop_event will be removed from future versions.",
DeprecationWarning,
)
# if access_log is passed explicitly change config.ACCESS_LOG
if access_log is not None:
self.config.ACCESS_LOG = access_log
server_settings = self._helper(
host=host,
port=port,
debug=debug,
ssl=ssl,
sock=sock,
workers=workers,
protocol=protocol,
backlog=backlog,
register_sys_signals=register_sys_signals,
auto_reload=auto_reload,
)
try:
self.is_running = True
if workers == 1:
if auto_reload and os.name != "posix":
# This condition must be removed after implementing
# auto reloader for other operating systems.
raise NotImplementedError
if (
auto_reload
and os.environ.get("SANIC_SERVER_RUNNING") != "true"
):
reloader_helpers.watchdog(2)
else:
serve(**server_settings)
else:
serve_multiple(server_settings, workers)
except BaseException:
error_logger.exception(
"Experienced exception while trying to serve"
)
raise
finally:
self.is_running = False
logger.info("Server Stopped") |
Asynchronous version of :func:`run`.
This method will take care of the operations necessary to invoke
the *before_start* events via :func:`trigger_events` method invocation
before starting the *sanic* app in Async mode.
.. note::
This does not support multiprocessing and is not the preferred
way to run a :class:`Sanic` application.
:param host: Address to host on
:type host: str
:param port: Port to host on
:type port: int
:param debug: Enables debug output (slows server)
:type debug: bool
:param ssl: SSLContext, or location of certificate and key
for SSL encryption of worker(s)
:type ssl:SSLContext or dict
:param sock: Socket for the server to accept connections from
:type sock: socket
:param protocol: Subclass of asyncio Protocol class
:type protocol: type[Protocol]
:param backlog: a number of unaccepted connections that the system
will allow before refusing new connections
:type backlog: int
:param stop_event: event to be triggered
before stopping the app - deprecated
:type stop_event: None
:param access_log: Enables writing access logs (slows server)
:type access_log: bool
:param return_asyncio_server: flag that defines whether there's a need
to return asyncio.Server or
start it serving right away
:type return_asyncio_server: bool
:param asyncio_server_kwargs: key-value arguments for
asyncio/uvloop create_server method
:type asyncio_server_kwargs: dict
:return: Nothing
async def create_server(
self,
host: Optional[str] = None,
port: Optional[int] = None,
debug: bool = False,
ssl: Union[dict, SSLContext, None] = None,
sock: Optional[socket] = None,
protocol: Type[Protocol] = None,
backlog: int = 100,
stop_event: Any = None,
access_log: Optional[bool] = None,
return_asyncio_server=False,
asyncio_server_kwargs=None,
) -> None:
"""
Asynchronous version of :func:`run`.
This method will take care of the operations necessary to invoke
the *before_start* events via :func:`trigger_events` method invocation
before starting the *sanic* app in Async mode.
.. note::
This does not support multiprocessing and is not the preferred
way to run a :class:`Sanic` application.
:param host: Address to host on
:type host: str
:param port: Port to host on
:type port: int
:param debug: Enables debug output (slows server)
:type debug: bool
:param ssl: SSLContext, or location of certificate and key
for SSL encryption of worker(s)
:type ssl:SSLContext or dict
:param sock: Socket for the server to accept connections from
:type sock: socket
:param protocol: Subclass of asyncio Protocol class
:type protocol: type[Protocol]
:param backlog: a number of unaccepted connections that the system
will allow before refusing new connections
:type backlog: int
:param stop_event: event to be triggered
before stopping the app - deprecated
:type stop_event: None
:param access_log: Enables writing access logs (slows server)
:type access_log: bool
:param return_asyncio_server: flag that defines whether there's a need
to return asyncio.Server or
start it serving right away
:type return_asyncio_server: bool
:param asyncio_server_kwargs: key-value arguments for
asyncio/uvloop create_server method
:type asyncio_server_kwargs: dict
:return: Nothing
"""
if sock is None:
host, port = host or "127.0.0.1", port or 8000
if protocol is None:
protocol = (
WebSocketProtocol if self.websocket_enabled else HttpProtocol
)
if stop_event is not None:
if debug:
warnings.simplefilter("default")
warnings.warn(
"stop_event will be removed from future versions.",
DeprecationWarning,
)
# if access_log is passed explicitly change config.ACCESS_LOG
if access_log is not None:
self.config.ACCESS_LOG = access_log
server_settings = self._helper(
host=host,
port=port,
debug=debug,
ssl=ssl,
sock=sock,
loop=get_event_loop(),
protocol=protocol,
backlog=backlog,
run_async=return_asyncio_server,
)
# Trigger before_start events
await self.trigger_events(
server_settings.get("before_start", []),
server_settings.get("loop"),
)
return await serve(
asyncio_server_kwargs=asyncio_server_kwargs, **server_settings
) |
Helper function used by `run` and `create_server`.
def _helper(
self,
host=None,
port=None,
debug=False,
ssl=None,
sock=None,
workers=1,
loop=None,
protocol=HttpProtocol,
backlog=100,
stop_event=None,
register_sys_signals=True,
run_async=False,
auto_reload=False,
):
"""Helper function used by `run` and `create_server`."""
if isinstance(ssl, dict):
# try common aliaseses
cert = ssl.get("cert") or ssl.get("certificate")
key = ssl.get("key") or ssl.get("keyfile")
if cert is None or key is None:
raise ValueError("SSLContext or certificate and key required.")
context = create_default_context(purpose=Purpose.CLIENT_AUTH)
context.load_cert_chain(cert, keyfile=key)
ssl = context
if stop_event is not None:
if debug:
warnings.simplefilter("default")
warnings.warn(
"stop_event will be removed from future versions.",
DeprecationWarning,
)
self.error_handler.debug = debug
self.debug = debug
server_settings = {
"protocol": protocol,
"request_class": self.request_class,
"is_request_stream": self.is_request_stream,
"router": self.router,
"host": host,
"port": port,
"sock": sock,
"ssl": ssl,
"app": self,
"signal": Signal(),
"debug": debug,
"request_handler": self.handle_request,
"error_handler": self.error_handler,
"request_timeout": self.config.REQUEST_TIMEOUT,
"response_timeout": self.config.RESPONSE_TIMEOUT,
"keep_alive_timeout": self.config.KEEP_ALIVE_TIMEOUT,
"request_max_size": self.config.REQUEST_MAX_SIZE,
"request_buffer_queue_size": self.config.REQUEST_BUFFER_QUEUE_SIZE,
"keep_alive": self.config.KEEP_ALIVE,
"loop": loop,
"register_sys_signals": register_sys_signals,
"backlog": backlog,
"access_log": self.config.ACCESS_LOG,
"websocket_max_size": self.config.WEBSOCKET_MAX_SIZE,
"websocket_max_queue": self.config.WEBSOCKET_MAX_QUEUE,
"websocket_read_limit": self.config.WEBSOCKET_READ_LIMIT,
"websocket_write_limit": self.config.WEBSOCKET_WRITE_LIMIT,
"graceful_shutdown_timeout": self.config.GRACEFUL_SHUTDOWN_TIMEOUT,
}
# -------------------------------------------- #
# Register start/stop events
# -------------------------------------------- #
for event_name, settings_name, reverse in (
("before_server_start", "before_start", False),
("after_server_start", "after_start", False),
("before_server_stop", "before_stop", True),
("after_server_stop", "after_stop", True),
):
listeners = self.listeners[event_name].copy()
if reverse:
listeners.reverse()
# Prepend sanic to the arguments when listeners are triggered
listeners = [partial(listener, self) for listener in listeners]
server_settings[settings_name] = listeners
if self.configure_logging and debug:
logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
if (
self.config.LOGO
and os.environ.get("SANIC_SERVER_RUNNING") != "true"
):
logger.debug(
self.config.LOGO
if isinstance(self.config.LOGO, str)
else BASE_LOGO
)
if run_async:
server_settings["run_async"] = True
# Serve
if host and port and os.environ.get("SANIC_SERVER_RUNNING") != "true":
proto = "http"
if ssl is not None:
proto = "https"
logger.info("Goin' Fast @ {}://{}:{}".format(proto, host, port))
return server_settings |
Returns response object with body in json format.
:param body: Response data to be serialized.
:param status: Response code.
:param headers: Custom Headers.
:param kwargs: Remaining arguments that are passed to the json encoder.
def json(
body,
status=200,
headers=None,
content_type="application/json",
dumps=json_dumps,
**kwargs
):
"""
Returns response object with body in json format.
:param body: Response data to be serialized.
:param status: Response code.
:param headers: Custom Headers.
:param kwargs: Remaining arguments that are passed to the json encoder.
"""
return HTTPResponse(
dumps(body, **kwargs),
headers=headers,
status=status,
content_type=content_type,
) |
Returns response object with body in text format.
:param body: Response data to be encoded.
:param status: Response code.
:param headers: Custom Headers.
:param content_type: the content type (string) of the response
def text(
body, status=200, headers=None, content_type="text/plain; charset=utf-8"
):
"""
Returns response object with body in text format.
:param body: Response data to be encoded.
:param status: Response code.
:param headers: Custom Headers.
:param content_type: the content type (string) of the response
"""
return HTTPResponse(
body, status=status, headers=headers, content_type=content_type
) |
Return a streaming response object with file data.
:param location: Location of file on system.
:param chunk_size: The size of each chunk in the stream (in bytes)
:param mime_type: Specific mime_type.
:param headers: Custom Headers.
:param filename: Override filename.
:param _range:
async def file_stream(
location,
status=200,
chunk_size=4096,
mime_type=None,
headers=None,
filename=None,
_range=None,
):
"""Return a streaming response object with file data.
:param location: Location of file on system.
:param chunk_size: The size of each chunk in the stream (in bytes)
:param mime_type: Specific mime_type.
:param headers: Custom Headers.
:param filename: Override filename.
:param _range:
"""
headers = headers or {}
if filename:
headers.setdefault(
"Content-Disposition", 'attachment; filename="{}"'.format(filename)
)
filename = filename or path.split(location)[-1]
_file = await open_async(location, mode="rb")
async def _streaming_fn(response):
nonlocal _file, chunk_size
try:
if _range:
chunk_size = min((_range.size, chunk_size))
await _file.seek(_range.start)
to_send = _range.size
while to_send > 0:
content = await _file.read(chunk_size)
if len(content) < 1:
break
to_send -= len(content)
await response.write(content)
else:
while True:
content = await _file.read(chunk_size)
if len(content) < 1:
break
await response.write(content)
finally:
await _file.close()
return # Returning from this fn closes the stream
mime_type = mime_type or guess_type(filename)[0] or "text/plain"
if _range:
headers["Content-Range"] = "bytes %s-%s/%s" % (
_range.start,
_range.end,
_range.total,
)
status = 206
return StreamingHTTPResponse(
streaming_fn=_streaming_fn,
status=status,
headers=headers,
content_type=mime_type,
) |
Accepts an coroutine `streaming_fn` which can be used to
write chunks to a streaming response. Returns a `StreamingHTTPResponse`.
Example usage::
@app.route("/")
async def index(request):
async def streaming_fn(response):
await response.write('foo')
await response.write('bar')
return stream(streaming_fn, content_type='text/plain')
:param streaming_fn: A coroutine accepts a response and
writes content to that response.
:param mime_type: Specific mime_type.
:param headers: Custom Headers.
def stream(
streaming_fn,
status=200,
headers=None,
content_type="text/plain; charset=utf-8",
):
"""Accepts an coroutine `streaming_fn` which can be used to
write chunks to a streaming response. Returns a `StreamingHTTPResponse`.
Example usage::
@app.route("/")
async def index(request):
async def streaming_fn(response):
await response.write('foo')
await response.write('bar')
return stream(streaming_fn, content_type='text/plain')
:param streaming_fn: A coroutine accepts a response and
writes content to that response.
:param mime_type: Specific mime_type.
:param headers: Custom Headers.
"""
return StreamingHTTPResponse(
streaming_fn, headers=headers, content_type=content_type, status=status
) |
Abort execution and cause a 302 redirect (by default).
:param to: path or fully qualified URL to redirect to
:param headers: optional dict of headers to include in the new request
:param status: status code (int) of the new request, defaults to 302
:param content_type: the content type (string) of the response
:returns: the redirecting Response
def redirect(
to, headers=None, status=302, content_type="text/html; charset=utf-8"
):
"""Abort execution and cause a 302 redirect (by default).
:param to: path or fully qualified URL to redirect to
:param headers: optional dict of headers to include in the new request
:param status: status code (int) of the new request, defaults to 302
:param content_type: the content type (string) of the response
:returns: the redirecting Response
"""
headers = headers or {}
# URL Quote the URL before redirecting
safe_to = quote_plus(to, safe=":/%#?&=@[]!$&'()*+,;")
# According to RFC 7231, a relative URI is now permitted.
headers["Location"] = safe_to
return HTTPResponse(
status=status, headers=headers, content_type=content_type
) |
Writes a chunk of data to the streaming response.
:param data: bytes-ish data to be written.
async def write(self, data):
"""Writes a chunk of data to the streaming response.
:param data: bytes-ish data to be written.
"""
if type(data) != bytes:
data = self._encode_body(data)
self.protocol.push_data(b"%x\r\n%b\r\n" % (len(data), data))
await self.protocol.drain() |
Streams headers, runs the `streaming_fn` callback that writes
content to the response body, then finalizes the response body.
async def stream(
self, version="1.1", keep_alive=False, keep_alive_timeout=None
):
"""Streams headers, runs the `streaming_fn` callback that writes
content to the response body, then finalizes the response body.
"""
headers = self.get_headers(
version,
keep_alive=keep_alive,
keep_alive_timeout=keep_alive_timeout,
)
self.protocol.push_data(headers)
await self.protocol.drain()
await self.streaming_fn(self)
self.protocol.push_data(b"0\r\n\r\n") |
The Abstract class `MutableSequence` leverages this insert method to
perform the `BlueprintGroup.append` operation.
:param index: Index to use for removing a new Blueprint item
:param item: New `Blueprint` object.
:return: None
def insert(self, index: int, item: object) -> None:
"""
The Abstract class `MutableSequence` leverages this insert method to
perform the `BlueprintGroup.append` operation.
:param index: Index to use for removing a new Blueprint item
:param item: New `Blueprint` object.
:return: None
"""
self._blueprints.insert(index, item) |
A decorator that can be used to implement a Middleware plugin to
all of the Blueprints that belongs to this specific Blueprint Group.
In case of nested Blueprint Groups, the same middleware is applied
across each of the Blueprints recursively.
:param args: Optional positional Parameters to be use middleware
:param kwargs: Optional Keyword arg to use with Middleware
:return: Partial function to apply the middleware
def middleware(self, *args, **kwargs):
"""
A decorator that can be used to implement a Middleware plugin to
all of the Blueprints that belongs to this specific Blueprint Group.
In case of nested Blueprint Groups, the same middleware is applied
across each of the Blueprints recursively.
:param args: Optional positional Parameters to be use middleware
:param kwargs: Optional Keyword arg to use with Middleware
:return: Partial function to apply the middleware
"""
kwargs["bp_group"] = True
def register_middleware_for_blueprints(fn):
for blueprint in self.blueprints:
blueprint.middleware(fn, *args, **kwargs)
return register_middleware_for_blueprints |
Fetches and executes an exception handler and returns a response
object
:param request: Instance of :class:`sanic.request.Request`
:param exception: Exception to handle
:type request: :class:`sanic.request.Request`
:type exception: :class:`sanic.exceptions.SanicException` or
:class:`Exception`
:return: Wrap the return value obtained from :func:`default`
or registered handler for that type of exception.
def response(self, request, exception):
"""Fetches and executes an exception handler and returns a response
object
:param request: Instance of :class:`sanic.request.Request`
:param exception: Exception to handle
:type request: :class:`sanic.request.Request`
:type exception: :class:`sanic.exceptions.SanicException` or
:class:`Exception`
:return: Wrap the return value obtained from :func:`default`
or registered handler for that type of exception.
"""
handler = self.lookup(exception)
response = None
try:
if handler:
response = handler(request, exception)
if response is None:
response = self.default(request, exception)
except Exception:
self.log(format_exc())
try:
url = repr(request.url)
except AttributeError:
url = "unknown"
response_message = (
"Exception raised in exception handler " '"%s" for uri: %s'
)
logger.exception(response_message, handler.__name__, url)
if self.debug:
return text(response_message % (handler.__name__, url), 500)
else:
return text("An error occurred while handling an error", 500)
return response |
Provide a default behavior for the objects of :class:`ErrorHandler`.
If a developer chooses to extent the :class:`ErrorHandler` they can
provide a custom implementation for this method to behave in a way
they see fit.
:param request: Incoming request
:param exception: Exception object
:type request: :class:`sanic.request.Request`
:type exception: :class:`sanic.exceptions.SanicException` or
:class:`Exception`
:return:
def default(self, request, exception):
"""
Provide a default behavior for the objects of :class:`ErrorHandler`.
If a developer chooses to extent the :class:`ErrorHandler` they can
provide a custom implementation for this method to behave in a way
they see fit.
:param request: Incoming request
:param exception: Exception object
:type request: :class:`sanic.request.Request`
:type exception: :class:`sanic.exceptions.SanicException` or
:class:`Exception`
:return:
"""
self.log(format_exc())
try:
url = repr(request.url)
except AttributeError:
url = "unknown"
response_message = "Exception occurred while handling uri: %s"
logger.exception(response_message, url)
if issubclass(type(exception), SanicException):
return text(
"Error: {}".format(exception),
status=getattr(exception, "status_code", 500),
headers=getattr(exception, "headers", dict()),
)
elif self.debug:
html_output = self._render_traceback_html(exception, request)
return html(html_output, status=500)
else:
return html(INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR_HTML, status=500) |
Creates SSLContext instance for usage in asyncio.create_server.
See ssl.SSLSocket.__init__ for more details.
def _create_ssl_context(cfg):
""" Creates SSLContext instance for usage in asyncio.create_server.
See ssl.SSLSocket.__init__ for more details.
"""
ctx = ssl.SSLContext(cfg.ssl_version)
ctx.load_cert_chain(cfg.certfile, cfg.keyfile)
ctx.verify_mode = cfg.cert_reqs
if cfg.ca_certs:
ctx.load_verify_locations(cfg.ca_certs)
if cfg.ciphers:
ctx.set_ciphers(cfg.ciphers)
return ctx |
Trigger event callbacks (functions or async)
:param events: one or more sync or async functions to execute
:param loop: event loop
def trigger_events(events, loop):
"""Trigger event callbacks (functions or async)
:param events: one or more sync or async functions to execute
:param loop: event loop
"""
for event in events:
result = event(loop)
if isawaitable(result):
loop.run_until_complete(result) |
Start asynchronous HTTP Server on an individual process.
:param host: Address to host on
:param port: Port to host on
:param request_handler: Sanic request handler with middleware
:param error_handler: Sanic error handler with middleware
:param before_start: function to be executed before the server starts
listening. Takes arguments `app` instance and `loop`
:param after_start: function to be executed after the server starts
listening. Takes arguments `app` instance and `loop`
:param before_stop: function to be executed when a stop signal is
received before it is respected. Takes arguments
`app` instance and `loop`
:param after_stop: function to be executed when a stop signal is
received after it is respected. Takes arguments
`app` instance and `loop`
:param debug: enables debug output (slows server)
:param request_timeout: time in seconds
:param response_timeout: time in seconds
:param keep_alive_timeout: time in seconds
:param ssl: SSLContext
:param sock: Socket for the server to accept connections from
:param request_max_size: size in bytes, `None` for no limit
:param reuse_port: `True` for multiple workers
:param loop: asyncio compatible event loop
:param protocol: subclass of asyncio protocol class
:param request_class: Request class to use
:param access_log: disable/enable access log
:param websocket_max_size: enforces the maximum size for
incoming messages in bytes.
:param websocket_max_queue: sets the maximum length of the queue
that holds incoming messages.
:param websocket_read_limit: sets the high-water limit of the buffer for
incoming bytes, the low-water limit is half
the high-water limit.
:param websocket_write_limit: sets the high-water limit of the buffer for
outgoing bytes, the low-water limit is a
quarter of the high-water limit.
:param is_request_stream: disable/enable Request.stream
:param request_buffer_queue_size: streaming request buffer queue size
:param router: Router object
:param graceful_shutdown_timeout: How long take to Force close non-idle
connection
:param asyncio_server_kwargs: key-value args for asyncio/uvloop
create_server method
:return: Nothing
def serve(
host,
port,
app,
request_handler,
error_handler,
before_start=None,
after_start=None,
before_stop=None,
after_stop=None,
debug=False,
request_timeout=60,
response_timeout=60,
keep_alive_timeout=5,
ssl=None,
sock=None,
request_max_size=None,
request_buffer_queue_size=100,
reuse_port=False,
loop=None,
protocol=HttpProtocol,
backlog=100,
register_sys_signals=True,
run_multiple=False,
run_async=False,
connections=None,
signal=Signal(),
request_class=None,
access_log=True,
keep_alive=True,
is_request_stream=False,
router=None,
websocket_max_size=None,
websocket_max_queue=None,
websocket_read_limit=2 ** 16,
websocket_write_limit=2 ** 16,
state=None,
graceful_shutdown_timeout=15.0,
asyncio_server_kwargs=None,
):
"""Start asynchronous HTTP Server on an individual process.
:param host: Address to host on
:param port: Port to host on
:param request_handler: Sanic request handler with middleware
:param error_handler: Sanic error handler with middleware
:param before_start: function to be executed before the server starts
listening. Takes arguments `app` instance and `loop`
:param after_start: function to be executed after the server starts
listening. Takes arguments `app` instance and `loop`
:param before_stop: function to be executed when a stop signal is
received before it is respected. Takes arguments
`app` instance and `loop`
:param after_stop: function to be executed when a stop signal is
received after it is respected. Takes arguments
`app` instance and `loop`
:param debug: enables debug output (slows server)
:param request_timeout: time in seconds
:param response_timeout: time in seconds
:param keep_alive_timeout: time in seconds
:param ssl: SSLContext
:param sock: Socket for the server to accept connections from
:param request_max_size: size in bytes, `None` for no limit
:param reuse_port: `True` for multiple workers
:param loop: asyncio compatible event loop
:param protocol: subclass of asyncio protocol class
:param request_class: Request class to use
:param access_log: disable/enable access log
:param websocket_max_size: enforces the maximum size for
incoming messages in bytes.
:param websocket_max_queue: sets the maximum length of the queue
that holds incoming messages.
:param websocket_read_limit: sets the high-water limit of the buffer for
incoming bytes, the low-water limit is half
the high-water limit.
:param websocket_write_limit: sets the high-water limit of the buffer for
outgoing bytes, the low-water limit is a
quarter of the high-water limit.
:param is_request_stream: disable/enable Request.stream
:param request_buffer_queue_size: streaming request buffer queue size
:param router: Router object
:param graceful_shutdown_timeout: How long take to Force close non-idle
connection
:param asyncio_server_kwargs: key-value args for asyncio/uvloop
create_server method
:return: Nothing
"""
if not run_async:
# create new event_loop after fork
loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
asyncio.set_event_loop(loop)
if debug:
loop.set_debug(debug)
connections = connections if connections is not None else set()
server = partial(
protocol,
loop=loop,
connections=connections,
signal=signal,
app=app,
request_handler=request_handler,
error_handler=error_handler,
request_timeout=request_timeout,
response_timeout=response_timeout,
keep_alive_timeout=keep_alive_timeout,
request_max_size=request_max_size,
request_class=request_class,
access_log=access_log,
keep_alive=keep_alive,
is_request_stream=is_request_stream,
router=router,
websocket_max_size=websocket_max_size,
websocket_max_queue=websocket_max_queue,
websocket_read_limit=websocket_read_limit,
websocket_write_limit=websocket_write_limit,
state=state,
debug=debug,
)
asyncio_server_kwargs = (
asyncio_server_kwargs if asyncio_server_kwargs else {}
)
server_coroutine = loop.create_server(
server,
host,
port,
ssl=ssl,
reuse_port=reuse_port,
sock=sock,
backlog=backlog,
**asyncio_server_kwargs
)
if run_async:
return server_coroutine
trigger_events(before_start, loop)
try:
http_server = loop.run_until_complete(server_coroutine)
except BaseException:
logger.exception("Unable to start server")
return
trigger_events(after_start, loop)
# Ignore SIGINT when run_multiple
if run_multiple:
signal_func(SIGINT, SIG_IGN)
# Register signals for graceful termination
if register_sys_signals:
_singals = (SIGTERM,) if run_multiple else (SIGINT, SIGTERM)
for _signal in _singals:
try:
loop.add_signal_handler(_signal, loop.stop)
except NotImplementedError:
logger.warning(
"Sanic tried to use loop.add_signal_handler "
"but it is not implemented on this platform."
)
pid = os.getpid()
try:
logger.info("Starting worker [%s]", pid)
loop.run_forever()
finally:
logger.info("Stopping worker [%s]", pid)
# Run the on_stop function if provided
trigger_events(before_stop, loop)
# Wait for event loop to finish and all connections to drain
http_server.close()
loop.run_until_complete(http_server.wait_closed())
# Complete all tasks on the loop
signal.stopped = True
for connection in connections:
connection.close_if_idle()
# Gracefully shutdown timeout.
# We should provide graceful_shutdown_timeout,
# instead of letting connection hangs forever.
# Let's roughly calcucate time.
start_shutdown = 0
while connections and (start_shutdown < graceful_shutdown_timeout):
loop.run_until_complete(asyncio.sleep(0.1))
start_shutdown = start_shutdown + 0.1
# Force close non-idle connection after waiting for
# graceful_shutdown_timeout
coros = []
for conn in connections:
if hasattr(conn, "websocket") and conn.websocket:
coros.append(conn.websocket.close_connection())
else:
conn.close()
_shutdown = asyncio.gather(*coros, loop=loop)
loop.run_until_complete(_shutdown)
trigger_events(after_stop, loop)
loop.close() |
Check if the connection needs to be kept alive based on the params
attached to the `_keep_alive` attribute, :attr:`Signal.stopped`
and :func:`HttpProtocol.parser.should_keep_alive`
:return: ``True`` if connection is to be kept alive ``False`` else
def keep_alive(self):
"""
Check if the connection needs to be kept alive based on the params
attached to the `_keep_alive` attribute, :attr:`Signal.stopped`
and :func:`HttpProtocol.parser.should_keep_alive`
:return: ``True`` if connection is to be kept alive ``False`` else
"""
return (
self._keep_alive
and not self.signal.stopped
and self.parser.should_keep_alive()
) |
Check if elapsed time since last response exceeds our configured
maximum keep alive timeout value and if so, close the transport
pipe and let the response writer handle the error.
:return: None
def keep_alive_timeout_callback(self):
"""
Check if elapsed time since last response exceeds our configured
maximum keep alive timeout value and if so, close the transport
pipe and let the response writer handle the error.
:return: None
"""
time_elapsed = time() - self._last_response_time
if time_elapsed < self.keep_alive_timeout:
time_left = self.keep_alive_timeout - time_elapsed
self._keep_alive_timeout_handler = self.loop.call_later(
time_left, self.keep_alive_timeout_callback
)
else:
logger.debug("KeepAlive Timeout. Closing connection.")
self.transport.close()
self.transport = None |
Invoke the request handler defined by the
:func:`sanic.app.Sanic.handle_request` method
:return: None
def execute_request_handler(self):
"""
Invoke the request handler defined by the
:func:`sanic.app.Sanic.handle_request` method
:return: None
"""
self._response_timeout_handler = self.loop.call_later(
self.response_timeout, self.response_timeout_callback
)
self._last_request_time = time()
self._request_handler_task = self.loop.create_task(
self.request_handler(
self.request, self.write_response, self.stream_response
)
) |
Helper method provided to enable the logging of responses in case if
the :attr:`HttpProtocol.access_log` is enabled.
:param response: Response generated for the current request
:type response: :class:`sanic.response.HTTPResponse` or
:class:`sanic.response.StreamingHTTPResponse`
:return: None
def log_response(self, response):
"""
Helper method provided to enable the logging of responses in case if
the :attr:`HttpProtocol.access_log` is enabled.
:param response: Response generated for the current request
:type response: :class:`sanic.response.HTTPResponse` or
:class:`sanic.response.StreamingHTTPResponse`
:return: None
"""
if self.access_log:
extra = {"status": getattr(response, "status", 0)}
if isinstance(response, HTTPResponse):
extra["byte"] = len(response.body)
else:
extra["byte"] = -1
extra["host"] = "UNKNOWN"
if self.request is not None:
if self.request.ip:
extra["host"] = "{0}:{1}".format(
self.request.ip, self.request.port
)
extra["request"] = "{0} {1}".format(
self.request.method, self.request.url
)
else:
extra["request"] = "nil"
access_logger.info("", extra=extra) |
Writes response content synchronously to the transport.
def write_response(self, response):
"""
Writes response content synchronously to the transport.
"""
if self._response_timeout_handler:
self._response_timeout_handler.cancel()
self._response_timeout_handler = None
try:
keep_alive = self.keep_alive
self.transport.write(
response.output(
self.request.version, keep_alive, self.keep_alive_timeout
)
)
self.log_response(response)
except AttributeError:
logger.error(
"Invalid response object for url %s, "
"Expected Type: HTTPResponse, Actual Type: %s",
self.url,
type(response),
)
self.write_error(ServerError("Invalid response type"))
except RuntimeError:
if self._debug:
logger.error(
"Connection lost before response written @ %s",
self.request.ip,
)
keep_alive = False
except Exception as e:
self.bail_out(
"Writing response failed, connection closed {}".format(repr(e))
)
finally:
if not keep_alive:
self.transport.close()
self.transport = None
else:
self._keep_alive_timeout_handler = self.loop.call_later(
self.keep_alive_timeout, self.keep_alive_timeout_callback
)
self._last_response_time = time()
self.cleanup() |
In case if the transport pipes are closed and the sanic app encounters
an error while writing data to the transport pipe, we log the error
with proper details.
:param message: Error message to display
:param from_error: If the bail out was invoked while handling an
exception scenario.
:type message: str
:type from_error: bool
:return: None
def bail_out(self, message, from_error=False):
"""
In case if the transport pipes are closed and the sanic app encounters
an error while writing data to the transport pipe, we log the error
with proper details.
:param message: Error message to display
:param from_error: If the bail out was invoked while handling an
exception scenario.
:type message: str
:type from_error: bool
:return: None
"""
if from_error or self.transport is None or self.transport.is_closing():
logger.error(
"Transport closed @ %s and exception "
"experienced during error handling",
(
self.transport.get_extra_info("peername")
if self.transport is not None
else "N/A"
),
)
logger.debug("Exception:", exc_info=True)
else:
self.write_error(ServerError(message))
logger.error(message) |
This is called when KeepAlive feature is used,
it resets the connection in order for it to be able
to handle receiving another request on the same connection.
def cleanup(self):
"""This is called when KeepAlive feature is used,
it resets the connection in order for it to be able
to handle receiving another request on the same connection."""
self.parser = None
self.request = None
self.url = None
self.headers = None
self._request_handler_task = None
self._request_stream_task = None
self._total_request_size = 0
self._is_stream_handler = False |
Parse a request body and returns fields and files
:param body: bytes request body
:param boundary: bytes multipart boundary
:return: fields (RequestParameters), files (RequestParameters)
def parse_multipart_form(body, boundary):
"""Parse a request body and returns fields and files
:param body: bytes request body
:param boundary: bytes multipart boundary
:return: fields (RequestParameters), files (RequestParameters)
"""
files = RequestParameters()
fields = RequestParameters()
form_parts = body.split(boundary)
for form_part in form_parts[1:-1]:
file_name = None
content_type = "text/plain"
content_charset = "utf-8"
field_name = None
line_index = 2
line_end_index = 0
while not line_end_index == -1:
line_end_index = form_part.find(b"\r\n", line_index)
form_line = form_part[line_index:line_end_index].decode("utf-8")
line_index = line_end_index + 2
if not form_line:
break
colon_index = form_line.index(":")
form_header_field = form_line[0:colon_index].lower()
form_header_value, form_parameters = parse_header(
form_line[colon_index + 2 :]
)
if form_header_field == "content-disposition":
field_name = form_parameters.get("name")
file_name = form_parameters.get("filename")
# non-ASCII filenames in RFC2231, "filename*" format
if file_name is None and form_parameters.get("filename*"):
encoding, _, value = email.utils.decode_rfc2231(
form_parameters["filename*"]
)
file_name = unquote(value, encoding=encoding)
elif form_header_field == "content-type":
content_type = form_header_value
content_charset = form_parameters.get("charset", "utf-8")
if field_name:
post_data = form_part[line_index:-4]
if file_name is None:
value = post_data.decode(content_charset)
if field_name in fields:
fields[field_name].append(value)
else:
fields[field_name] = [value]
else:
form_file = File(
type=content_type, name=file_name, body=post_data
)
if field_name in files:
files[field_name].append(form_file)
else:
files[field_name] = [form_file]
else:
logger.debug(
"Form-data field does not have a 'name' parameter "
"in the Content-Disposition header"
)
return fields, files |
Stop reading when gets None
async def read(self):
""" Stop reading when gets None """
payload = await self._queue.get()
self._queue.task_done()
return payload |
Attempt to return the auth header token.
:return: token related to request
def token(self):
"""Attempt to return the auth header token.
:return: token related to request
"""
prefixes = ("Bearer", "Token")
auth_header = self.headers.get("Authorization")
if auth_header is not None:
for prefix in prefixes:
if prefix in auth_header:
return auth_header.partition(prefix)[-1].strip()
return auth_header |
Method to parse `query_string` using `urllib.parse.parse_qs`.
This methods is used by `args` property.
Can be used directly if you need to change default parameters.
:param keep_blank_values: flag indicating whether blank values in
percent-encoded queries should be treated as blank strings.
A true value indicates that blanks should be retained as blank
strings. The default false value indicates that blank values
are to be ignored and treated as if they were not included.
:type keep_blank_values: bool
:param strict_parsing: flag indicating what to do with parsing errors.
If false (the default), errors are silently ignored. If true,
errors raise a ValueError exception.
:type strict_parsing: bool
:param encoding: specify how to decode percent-encoded sequences
into Unicode characters, as accepted by the bytes.decode() method.
:type encoding: str
:param errors: specify how to decode percent-encoded sequences
into Unicode characters, as accepted by the bytes.decode() method.
:type errors: str
:return: RequestParameters
def get_args(
self,
keep_blank_values: bool = False,
strict_parsing: bool = False,
encoding: str = "utf-8",
errors: str = "replace",
) -> RequestParameters:
"""
Method to parse `query_string` using `urllib.parse.parse_qs`.
This methods is used by `args` property.
Can be used directly if you need to change default parameters.
:param keep_blank_values: flag indicating whether blank values in
percent-encoded queries should be treated as blank strings.
A true value indicates that blanks should be retained as blank
strings. The default false value indicates that blank values
are to be ignored and treated as if they were not included.
:type keep_blank_values: bool
:param strict_parsing: flag indicating what to do with parsing errors.
If false (the default), errors are silently ignored. If true,
errors raise a ValueError exception.
:type strict_parsing: bool
:param encoding: specify how to decode percent-encoded sequences
into Unicode characters, as accepted by the bytes.decode() method.
:type encoding: str
:param errors: specify how to decode percent-encoded sequences
into Unicode characters, as accepted by the bytes.decode() method.
:type errors: str
:return: RequestParameters
"""
if not self.parsed_args[
(keep_blank_values, strict_parsing, encoding, errors)
]:
if self.query_string:
self.parsed_args[
(keep_blank_values, strict_parsing, encoding, errors)
] = RequestParameters(
parse_qs(
qs=self.query_string,
keep_blank_values=keep_blank_values,
strict_parsing=strict_parsing,
encoding=encoding,
errors=errors,
)
)
return self.parsed_args[
(keep_blank_values, strict_parsing, encoding, errors)
] |
Method to parse `query_string` using `urllib.parse.parse_qsl`.
This methods is used by `query_args` property.
Can be used directly if you need to change default parameters.
:param keep_blank_values: flag indicating whether blank values in
percent-encoded queries should be treated as blank strings.
A true value indicates that blanks should be retained as blank
strings. The default false value indicates that blank values
are to be ignored and treated as if they were not included.
:type keep_blank_values: bool
:param strict_parsing: flag indicating what to do with parsing errors.
If false (the default), errors are silently ignored. If true,
errors raise a ValueError exception.
:type strict_parsing: bool
:param encoding: specify how to decode percent-encoded sequences
into Unicode characters, as accepted by the bytes.decode() method.
:type encoding: str
:param errors: specify how to decode percent-encoded sequences
into Unicode characters, as accepted by the bytes.decode() method.
:type errors: str
:return: list
def get_query_args(
self,
keep_blank_values: bool = False,
strict_parsing: bool = False,
encoding: str = "utf-8",
errors: str = "replace",
) -> list:
"""
Method to parse `query_string` using `urllib.parse.parse_qsl`.
This methods is used by `query_args` property.
Can be used directly if you need to change default parameters.
:param keep_blank_values: flag indicating whether blank values in
percent-encoded queries should be treated as blank strings.
A true value indicates that blanks should be retained as blank
strings. The default false value indicates that blank values
are to be ignored and treated as if they were not included.
:type keep_blank_values: bool
:param strict_parsing: flag indicating what to do with parsing errors.
If false (the default), errors are silently ignored. If true,
errors raise a ValueError exception.
:type strict_parsing: bool
:param encoding: specify how to decode percent-encoded sequences
into Unicode characters, as accepted by the bytes.decode() method.
:type encoding: str
:param errors: specify how to decode percent-encoded sequences
into Unicode characters, as accepted by the bytes.decode() method.
:type errors: str
:return: list
"""
if not self.parsed_not_grouped_args[
(keep_blank_values, strict_parsing, encoding, errors)
]:
if self.query_string:
self.parsed_not_grouped_args[
(keep_blank_values, strict_parsing, encoding, errors)
] = parse_qsl(
qs=self.query_string,
keep_blank_values=keep_blank_values,
strict_parsing=strict_parsing,
encoding=encoding,
errors=errors,
)
return self.parsed_not_grouped_args[
(keep_blank_values, strict_parsing, encoding, errors)
] |
Attempt to return the original client ip based on X-Forwarded-For
or X-Real-IP. If HTTP headers are unavailable or untrusted, returns
an empty string.
:return: original client ip.
def remote_addr(self):
"""Attempt to return the original client ip based on X-Forwarded-For
or X-Real-IP. If HTTP headers are unavailable or untrusted, returns
an empty string.
:return: original client ip.
"""
if not hasattr(self, "_remote_addr"):
if self.app.config.PROXIES_COUNT == 0:
self._remote_addr = ""
elif self.app.config.REAL_IP_HEADER and self.headers.get(
self.app.config.REAL_IP_HEADER
):
self._remote_addr = self.headers[
self.app.config.REAL_IP_HEADER
]
elif self.app.config.FORWARDED_FOR_HEADER:
forwarded_for = self.headers.get(
self.app.config.FORWARDED_FOR_HEADER, ""
).split(",")
remote_addrs = [
addr
for addr in [addr.strip() for addr in forwarded_for]
if addr
]
if self.app.config.PROXIES_COUNT == -1:
self._remote_addr = remote_addrs[0]
elif len(remote_addrs) >= self.app.config.PROXIES_COUNT:
self._remote_addr = remote_addrs[
-self.app.config.PROXIES_COUNT
]
else:
self._remote_addr = ""
else:
self._remote_addr = ""
return self._remote_addr |
This function was borrowed from distutils.utils. While distutils
is part of stdlib, it feels odd to use distutils in main application code.
The function was modified to walk its talk and actually return bool
and not int.
def strtobool(val):
"""
This function was borrowed from distutils.utils. While distutils
is part of stdlib, it feels odd to use distutils in main application code.
The function was modified to walk its talk and actually return bool
and not int.
"""
val = val.lower()
if val in ("y", "yes", "t", "true", "on", "1"):
return True
elif val in ("n", "no", "f", "false", "off", "0"):
return False
else:
raise ValueError("invalid truth value %r" % (val,)) |
Load a configuration from an environment variable pointing to
a configuration file.
:param variable_name: name of the environment variable
:return: bool. ``True`` if able to load config, ``False`` otherwise.
def from_envvar(self, variable_name):
"""Load a configuration from an environment variable pointing to
a configuration file.
:param variable_name: name of the environment variable
:return: bool. ``True`` if able to load config, ``False`` otherwise.
"""
config_file = os.environ.get(variable_name)
if not config_file:
raise RuntimeError(
"The environment variable %r is not set and "
"thus configuration could not be loaded." % variable_name
)
return self.from_pyfile(config_file) |
Update the values from the given object.
Objects are usually either modules or classes.
Just the uppercase variables in that object are stored in the config.
Example usage::
from yourapplication import default_config
app.config.from_object(default_config)
You should not use this function to load the actual configuration but
rather configuration defaults. The actual config should be loaded
with :meth:`from_pyfile` and ideally from a location not within the
package because the package might be installed system wide.
:param obj: an object holding the configuration
def from_object(self, obj):
"""Update the values from the given object.
Objects are usually either modules or classes.
Just the uppercase variables in that object are stored in the config.
Example usage::
from yourapplication import default_config
app.config.from_object(default_config)
You should not use this function to load the actual configuration but
rather configuration defaults. The actual config should be loaded
with :meth:`from_pyfile` and ideally from a location not within the
package because the package might be installed system wide.
:param obj: an object holding the configuration
"""
for key in dir(obj):
if key.isupper():
self[key] = getattr(obj, key) |
Looks for prefixed environment variables and applies
them to the configuration if present.
def load_environment_vars(self, prefix=SANIC_PREFIX):
"""
Looks for prefixed environment variables and applies
them to the configuration if present.
"""
for k, v in os.environ.items():
if k.startswith(prefix):
_, config_key = k.split(prefix, 1)
try:
self[config_key] = int(v)
except ValueError:
try:
self[config_key] = float(v)
except ValueError:
try:
self[config_key] = strtobool(v)
except ValueError:
self[config_key] = v |
Parse a parameter string into its constituent name, type, and
pattern
For example::
parse_parameter_string('<param_one:[A-z]>')` ->
('param_one', str, '[A-z]')
:param parameter_string: String to parse
:return: tuple containing
(parameter_name, parameter_type, parameter_pattern)
def parse_parameter_string(cls, parameter_string):
"""Parse a parameter string into its constituent name, type, and
pattern
For example::
parse_parameter_string('<param_one:[A-z]>')` ->
('param_one', str, '[A-z]')
:param parameter_string: String to parse
:return: tuple containing
(parameter_name, parameter_type, parameter_pattern)
"""
# We could receive NAME or NAME:PATTERN
name = parameter_string
pattern = "string"
if ":" in parameter_string:
name, pattern = parameter_string.split(":", 1)
if not name:
raise ValueError(
"Invalid parameter syntax: {}".format(parameter_string)
)
default = (str, pattern)
# Pull from pre-configured types
_type, pattern = REGEX_TYPES.get(pattern, default)
return name, _type, pattern |
Add a handler to the route list
:param uri: path to match
:param methods: sequence of accepted method names. If none are
provided, any method is allowed
:param handler: request handler function.
When executed, it should provide a response object.
:param strict_slashes: strict to trailing slash
:param version: current version of the route or blueprint. See
docs for further details.
:return: Nothing
def add(
self,
uri,
methods,
handler,
host=None,
strict_slashes=False,
version=None,
name=None,
):
"""Add a handler to the route list
:param uri: path to match
:param methods: sequence of accepted method names. If none are
provided, any method is allowed
:param handler: request handler function.
When executed, it should provide a response object.
:param strict_slashes: strict to trailing slash
:param version: current version of the route or blueprint. See
docs for further details.
:return: Nothing
"""
if version is not None:
version = re.escape(str(version).strip("/").lstrip("v"))
uri = "/".join(["/v{}".format(version), uri.lstrip("/")])
# add regular version
self._add(uri, methods, handler, host, name)
if strict_slashes:
return
if not isinstance(host, str) and host is not None:
# we have gotten back to the top of the recursion tree where the
# host was originally a list. By now, we've processed the strict
# slashes logic on the leaf nodes (the individual host strings in
# the list of host)
return
# Add versions with and without trailing /
slashed_methods = self.routes_all.get(uri + "/", frozenset({}))
unslashed_methods = self.routes_all.get(uri[:-1], frozenset({}))
if isinstance(methods, Iterable):
_slash_is_missing = all(
method in slashed_methods for method in methods
)
_without_slash_is_missing = all(
method in unslashed_methods for method in methods
)
else:
_slash_is_missing = methods in slashed_methods
_without_slash_is_missing = methods in unslashed_methods
slash_is_missing = not uri[-1] == "/" and not _slash_is_missing
without_slash_is_missing = (
uri[-1] == "/" and not _without_slash_is_missing and not uri == "/"
)
# add version with trailing slash
if slash_is_missing:
self._add(uri + "/", methods, handler, host, name)
# add version without trailing slash
elif without_slash_is_missing:
self._add(uri[:-1], methods, handler, host, name) |
Add a handler to the route list
:param uri: path to match
:param methods: sequence of accepted method names. If none are
provided, any method is allowed
:param handler: request handler function.
When executed, it should provide a response object.
:param name: user defined route name for url_for
:return: Nothing
def _add(self, uri, methods, handler, host=None, name=None):
"""Add a handler to the route list
:param uri: path to match
:param methods: sequence of accepted method names. If none are
provided, any method is allowed
:param handler: request handler function.
When executed, it should provide a response object.
:param name: user defined route name for url_for
:return: Nothing
"""
if host is not None:
if isinstance(host, str):
uri = host + uri
self.hosts.add(host)
else:
if not isinstance(host, Iterable):
raise ValueError(
"Expected either string or Iterable of "
"host strings, not {!r}".format(host)
)
for host_ in host:
self.add(uri, methods, handler, host_, name)
return
# Dict for faster lookups of if method allowed
if methods:
methods = frozenset(methods)
parameters = []
parameter_names = set()
properties = {"unhashable": None}
def add_parameter(match):
name = match.group(1)
name, _type, pattern = self.parse_parameter_string(name)
if name in parameter_names:
raise ParameterNameConflicts(
"Multiple parameter named <{name}> "
"in route uri {uri}".format(name=name, uri=uri)
)
parameter_names.add(name)
parameter = Parameter(name=name, cast=_type)
parameters.append(parameter)
# Mark the whole route as unhashable if it has the hash key in it
if re.search(r"(^|[^^]){1}/", pattern):
properties["unhashable"] = True
# Mark the route as unhashable if it matches the hash key
elif re.search(r"/", pattern):
properties["unhashable"] = True
return "({})".format(pattern)
pattern_string = re.sub(self.parameter_pattern, add_parameter, uri)
pattern = re.compile(r"^{}$".format(pattern_string))
def merge_route(route, methods, handler):
# merge to the existing route when possible.
if not route.methods or not methods:
# method-unspecified routes are not mergeable.
raise RouteExists("Route already registered: {}".format(uri))
elif route.methods.intersection(methods):
# already existing method is not overloadable.
duplicated = methods.intersection(route.methods)
raise RouteExists(
"Route already registered: {} [{}]".format(
uri, ",".join(list(duplicated))
)
)
if isinstance(route.handler, CompositionView):
view = route.handler
else:
view = CompositionView()
view.add(route.methods, route.handler)
view.add(methods, handler)
route = route._replace(
handler=view, methods=methods.union(route.methods)
)
return route
if parameters:
# TODO: This is too complex, we need to reduce the complexity
if properties["unhashable"]:
routes_to_check = self.routes_always_check
ndx, route = self.check_dynamic_route_exists(
pattern, routes_to_check, parameters
)
else:
routes_to_check = self.routes_dynamic[url_hash(uri)]
ndx, route = self.check_dynamic_route_exists(
pattern, routes_to_check, parameters
)
if ndx != -1:
# Pop the ndx of the route, no dups of the same route
routes_to_check.pop(ndx)
else:
route = self.routes_all.get(uri)
# prefix the handler name with the blueprint name
# if available
# special prefix for static files
is_static = False
if name and name.startswith("_static_"):
is_static = True
name = name.split("_static_", 1)[-1]
if hasattr(handler, "__blueprintname__"):
handler_name = "{}.{}".format(
handler.__blueprintname__, name or handler.__name__
)
else:
handler_name = name or getattr(handler, "__name__", None)
if route:
route = merge_route(route, methods, handler)
else:
route = Route(
handler=handler,
methods=methods,
pattern=pattern,
parameters=parameters,
name=handler_name,
uri=uri,
)
self.routes_all[uri] = route
if is_static:
pair = self.routes_static_files.get(handler_name)
if not (pair and (pair[0] + "/" == uri or uri + "/" == pair[0])):
self.routes_static_files[handler_name] = (uri, route)
else:
pair = self.routes_names.get(handler_name)
if not (pair and (pair[0] + "/" == uri or uri + "/" == pair[0])):
self.routes_names[handler_name] = (uri, route)
if properties["unhashable"]:
self.routes_always_check.append(route)
elif parameters:
self.routes_dynamic[url_hash(uri)].append(route)
else:
self.routes_static[uri] = route |
Check if a URL pattern exists in a list of routes provided based on
the comparison of URL pattern and the parameters.
:param pattern: URL parameter pattern
:param routes_to_check: list of dynamic routes either hashable or
unhashable routes.
:param parameters: List of :class:`Parameter` items
:return: Tuple of index and route if matching route exists else
-1 for index and None for route
def check_dynamic_route_exists(pattern, routes_to_check, parameters):
"""
Check if a URL pattern exists in a list of routes provided based on
the comparison of URL pattern and the parameters.
:param pattern: URL parameter pattern
:param routes_to_check: list of dynamic routes either hashable or
unhashable routes.
:param parameters: List of :class:`Parameter` items
:return: Tuple of index and route if matching route exists else
-1 for index and None for route
"""
for ndx, route in enumerate(routes_to_check):
if route.pattern == pattern and route.parameters == parameters:
return ndx, route
else:
return -1, None |
Find a route in the router based on the specified view name.
:param view_name: string of view name to search by
:param kwargs: additional params, usually for static files
:return: tuple containing (uri, Route)
def find_route_by_view_name(self, view_name, name=None):
"""Find a route in the router based on the specified view name.
:param view_name: string of view name to search by
:param kwargs: additional params, usually for static files
:return: tuple containing (uri, Route)
"""
if not view_name:
return (None, None)
if view_name == "static" or view_name.endswith(".static"):
return self.routes_static_files.get(name, (None, None))
return self.routes_names.get(view_name, (None, None)) |
Get a request handler based on the URL of the request, or raises an
error
:param request: Request object
:return: handler, arguments, keyword arguments
def get(self, request):
"""Get a request handler based on the URL of the request, or raises an
error
:param request: Request object
:return: handler, arguments, keyword arguments
"""
# No virtual hosts specified; default behavior
if not self.hosts:
return self._get(request.path, request.method, "")
# virtual hosts specified; try to match route to the host header
try:
return self._get(
request.path, request.method, request.headers.get("Host", "")
)
# try default hosts
except NotFound:
return self._get(request.path, request.method, "") |
Get a list of supported methods for a url and optional host.
:param url: URL string (including host)
:return: frozenset of supported methods
def get_supported_methods(self, url):
"""Get a list of supported methods for a url and optional host.
:param url: URL string (including host)
:return: frozenset of supported methods
"""
route = self.routes_all.get(url)
# if methods are None then this logic will prevent an error
return getattr(route, "methods", None) or frozenset() |
Get a request handler based on the URL of the request, or raises an
error. Internal method for caching.
:param url: request URL
:param method: request method
:return: handler, arguments, keyword arguments
def _get(self, url, method, host):
"""Get a request handler based on the URL of the request, or raises an
error. Internal method for caching.
:param url: request URL
:param method: request method
:return: handler, arguments, keyword arguments
"""
url = unquote(host + url)
# Check against known static routes
route = self.routes_static.get(url)
method_not_supported = MethodNotSupported(
"Method {} not allowed for URL {}".format(method, url),
method=method,
allowed_methods=self.get_supported_methods(url),
)
if route:
if route.methods and method not in route.methods:
raise method_not_supported
match = route.pattern.match(url)
else:
route_found = False
# Move on to testing all regex routes
for route in self.routes_dynamic[url_hash(url)]:
match = route.pattern.match(url)
route_found |= match is not None
# Do early method checking
if match and method in route.methods:
break
else:
# Lastly, check against all regex routes that cannot be hashed
for route in self.routes_always_check:
match = route.pattern.match(url)
route_found |= match is not None
# Do early method checking
if match and method in route.methods:
break
else:
# Route was found but the methods didn't match
if route_found:
raise method_not_supported
raise NotFound("Requested URL {} not found".format(url))
kwargs = {
p.name: p.cast(value)
for value, p in zip(match.groups(1), route.parameters)
}
route_handler = route.handler
if hasattr(route_handler, "handlers"):
route_handler = route_handler.handlers[method]
return route_handler, [], kwargs, route.uri |
Handler for request is stream or not.
:param request: Request object
:return: bool
def is_stream_handler(self, request):
""" Handler for request is stream or not.
:param request: Request object
:return: bool
"""
try:
handler = self.get(request)[0]
except (NotFound, MethodNotSupported):
return False
if hasattr(handler, "view_class") and hasattr(
handler.view_class, request.method.lower()
):
handler = getattr(handler.view_class, request.method.lower())
return hasattr(handler, "is_stream") |
Returns the executable.
def _get_args_for_reloading():
"""Returns the executable."""
rv = [sys.executable]
main_module = sys.modules["__main__"]
mod_spec = getattr(main_module, "__spec__", None)
if mod_spec:
# Parent exe was launched as a module rather than a script
rv.extend(["-m", mod_spec.name])
if len(sys.argv) > 1:
rv.extend(sys.argv[1:])
else:
rv.extend(sys.argv)
return rv |
Create a new process and a subprocess in it with the same arguments as
this one.
def restart_with_reloader():
"""Create a new process and a subprocess in it with the same arguments as
this one.
"""
cwd = os.getcwd()
args = _get_args_for_reloading()
new_environ = os.environ.copy()
new_environ["SANIC_SERVER_RUNNING"] = "true"
cmd = " ".join(args)
worker_process = Process(
target=subprocess.call,
args=(cmd,),
kwargs={"cwd": cwd, "shell": True, "env": new_environ},
)
worker_process.start()
return worker_process |
Find and kill child processes of a process (maximum two level).
:param pid: PID of parent process (process ID)
:return: Nothing
def kill_process_children_unix(pid):
"""Find and kill child processes of a process (maximum two level).
:param pid: PID of parent process (process ID)
:return: Nothing
"""
root_process_path = "/proc/{pid}/task/{pid}/children".format(pid=pid)
if not os.path.isfile(root_process_path):
return
with open(root_process_path) as children_list_file:
children_list_pid = children_list_file.read().split()
for child_pid in children_list_pid:
children_proc_path = "/proc/%s/task/%s/children" % (
child_pid,
child_pid,
)
if not os.path.isfile(children_proc_path):
continue
with open(children_proc_path) as children_list_file_2:
children_list_pid_2 = children_list_file_2.read().split()
for _pid in children_list_pid_2:
try:
os.kill(int(_pid), signal.SIGTERM)
except ProcessLookupError:
continue
try:
os.kill(int(child_pid), signal.SIGTERM)
except ProcessLookupError:
continue |
Find and kill child processes of a process.
:param pid: PID of parent process (process ID)
:return: Nothing
def kill_process_children(pid):
"""Find and kill child processes of a process.
:param pid: PID of parent process (process ID)
:return: Nothing
"""
if sys.platform == "darwin":
kill_process_children_osx(pid)
elif sys.platform == "linux":
kill_process_children_unix(pid)
else:
pass |
Watch project files, restart worker process if a change happened.
:param sleep_interval: interval in second.
:return: Nothing
def watchdog(sleep_interval):
"""Watch project files, restart worker process if a change happened.
:param sleep_interval: interval in second.
:return: Nothing
"""
mtimes = {}
worker_process = restart_with_reloader()
signal.signal(
signal.SIGTERM, lambda *args: kill_program_completly(worker_process)
)
signal.signal(
signal.SIGINT, lambda *args: kill_program_completly(worker_process)
)
while True:
for filename in _iter_module_files():
try:
mtime = os.stat(filename).st_mtime
except OSError:
continue
old_time = mtimes.get(filename)
if old_time is None:
mtimes[filename] = mtime
continue
elif mtime > old_time:
kill_process_children(worker_process.pid)
worker_process.terminate()
worker_process = restart_with_reloader()
mtimes[filename] = mtime
break
sleep(sleep_interval) |
Return view function for use with the routing system, that
dispatches request to appropriate handler method.
def as_view(cls, *class_args, **class_kwargs):
"""Return view function for use with the routing system, that
dispatches request to appropriate handler method.
"""
def view(*args, **kwargs):
self = view.view_class(*class_args, **class_kwargs)
return self.dispatch_request(*args, **kwargs)
if cls.decorators:
view.__module__ = cls.__module__
for decorator in cls.decorators:
view = decorator(view)
view.view_class = cls
view.__doc__ = cls.__doc__
view.__module__ = cls.__module__
view.__name__ = cls.__name__
return view |
Use session object to perform 'get' request on url
async def bounded_fetch(session, url):
"""
Use session object to perform 'get' request on url
"""
async with sem, session.get(url) as response:
return await response.json() |
Removes all the entity headers present in the headers given.
According to RFC 2616 Section 10.3.5,
Content-Location and Expires are allowed as for the
"strong cache validator".
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2616#section-10.3.5
returns the headers without the entity headers
def remove_entity_headers(headers, allowed=("content-location", "expires")):
"""
Removes all the entity headers present in the headers given.
According to RFC 2616 Section 10.3.5,
Content-Location and Expires are allowed as for the
"strong cache validator".
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2616#section-10.3.5
returns the headers without the entity headers
"""
allowed = set([h.lower() for h in allowed])
headers = {
header: value
for header, value in headers.items()
if not is_entity_header(header) or header.lower() in allowed
}
return headers |
Preserve shape of the image.
def preserve_shape(func):
"""Preserve shape of the image."""
@wraps(func)
def wrapped_function(img, *args, **kwargs):
shape = img.shape
result = func(img, *args, **kwargs)
result = result.reshape(shape)
return result
return wrapped_function |
Preserve dummy channel dim.
def preserve_channel_dim(func):
"""Preserve dummy channel dim."""
@wraps(func)
def wrapped_function(img, *args, **kwargs):
shape = img.shape
result = func(img, *args, **kwargs)
if len(shape) == 3 and shape[-1] == 1 and len(result.shape) == 2:
result = np.expand_dims(result, axis=-1)
return result
return wrapped_function |
Bleaches out pixels, mitation snow.
From https://github.com/UjjwalSaxena/Automold--Road-Augmentation-Library
Args:
img:
snow_point:
brightness_coeff:
Returns:
def add_snow(img, snow_point, brightness_coeff):
"""Bleaches out pixels, mitation snow.
From https://github.com/UjjwalSaxena/Automold--Road-Augmentation-Library
Args:
img:
snow_point:
brightness_coeff:
Returns:
"""
non_rgb_warning(img)
input_dtype = img.dtype
needs_float = False
snow_point *= 127.5 # = 255 / 2
snow_point += 85 # = 255 / 3
if input_dtype == np.float32:
img = from_float(img, dtype=np.dtype('uint8'))
needs_float = True
elif input_dtype not in (np.uint8, np.float32):
raise ValueError('Unexpected dtype {} for RandomSnow augmentation'.format(input_dtype))
image_HLS = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_RGB2HLS)
image_HLS = np.array(image_HLS, dtype=np.float32)
image_HLS[:, :, 1][image_HLS[:, :, 1] < snow_point] *= brightness_coeff
image_HLS[:, :, 1] = clip(image_HLS[:, :, 1], np.uint8, 255)
image_HLS = np.array(image_HLS, dtype=np.uint8)
image_RGB = cv2.cvtColor(image_HLS, cv2.COLOR_HLS2RGB)
if needs_float:
image_RGB = to_float(image_RGB, max_value=255)
return image_RGB |
Add fog to the image.
From https://github.com/UjjwalSaxena/Automold--Road-Augmentation-Library
Args:
img (np.array):
fog_coef (float):
alpha_coef (float):
haze_list (list):
Returns:
def add_fog(img, fog_coef, alpha_coef, haze_list):
"""Add fog to the image.
From https://github.com/UjjwalSaxena/Automold--Road-Augmentation-Library
Args:
img (np.array):
fog_coef (float):
alpha_coef (float):
haze_list (list):
Returns:
"""
non_rgb_warning(img)
input_dtype = img.dtype
needs_float = False
if input_dtype == np.float32:
img = from_float(img, dtype=np.dtype('uint8'))
needs_float = True
elif input_dtype not in (np.uint8, np.float32):
raise ValueError('Unexpected dtype {} for RandomFog augmentation'.format(input_dtype))
height, width = img.shape[:2]
hw = max(int(width // 3 * fog_coef), 10)
for haze_points in haze_list:
x, y = haze_points
overlay = img.copy()
output = img.copy()
alpha = alpha_coef * fog_coef
rad = hw // 2
point = (x + hw // 2, y + hw // 2)
cv2.circle(overlay, point, int(rad), (255, 255, 255), -1)
cv2.addWeighted(overlay, alpha, output, 1 - alpha, 0, output)
img = output.copy()
image_rgb = cv2.blur(img, (hw // 10, hw // 10))
if needs_float:
image_rgb = to_float(image_rgb, max_value=255)
return image_rgb |
Add sun flare.
From https://github.com/UjjwalSaxena/Automold--Road-Augmentation-Library
Args:
img (np.array):
flare_center_x (float):
flare_center_y (float):
src_radius:
src_color (int, int, int):
circles (list):
Returns:
def add_sun_flare(img, flare_center_x, flare_center_y, src_radius, src_color, circles):
"""Add sun flare.
From https://github.com/UjjwalSaxena/Automold--Road-Augmentation-Library
Args:
img (np.array):
flare_center_x (float):
flare_center_y (float):
src_radius:
src_color (int, int, int):
circles (list):
Returns:
"""
non_rgb_warning(img)
input_dtype = img.dtype
needs_float = False
if input_dtype == np.float32:
img = from_float(img, dtype=np.dtype('uint8'))
needs_float = True
elif input_dtype not in (np.uint8, np.float32):
raise ValueError('Unexpected dtype {} for RandomSunFlareaugmentation'.format(input_dtype))
overlay = img.copy()
output = img.copy()
for (alpha, (x, y), rad3, (r_color, g_color, b_color)) in circles:
cv2.circle(overlay, (x, y), rad3, (r_color, g_color, b_color), -1)
cv2.addWeighted(overlay, alpha, output, 1 - alpha, 0, output)
point = (int(flare_center_x), int(flare_center_y))
overlay = output.copy()
num_times = src_radius // 10
alpha = np.linspace(0.0, 1, num=num_times)
rad = np.linspace(1, src_radius, num=num_times)
for i in range(num_times):
cv2.circle(overlay, point, int(rad[i]), src_color, -1)
alp = alpha[num_times - i - 1] * alpha[num_times - i - 1] * alpha[num_times - i - 1]
cv2.addWeighted(overlay, alp, output, 1 - alp, 0, output)
image_rgb = output
if needs_float:
image_rgb = to_float(image_rgb, max_value=255)
return image_rgb |
Add shadows to the image.
From https://github.com/UjjwalSaxena/Automold--Road-Augmentation-Library
Args:
img (np.array):
vertices_list (list):
Returns:
def add_shadow(img, vertices_list):
"""Add shadows to the image.
From https://github.com/UjjwalSaxena/Automold--Road-Augmentation-Library
Args:
img (np.array):
vertices_list (list):
Returns:
"""
non_rgb_warning(img)
input_dtype = img.dtype
needs_float = False
if input_dtype == np.float32:
img = from_float(img, dtype=np.dtype('uint8'))
needs_float = True
elif input_dtype not in (np.uint8, np.float32):
raise ValueError('Unexpected dtype {} for RandomSnow augmentation'.format(input_dtype))
image_hls = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_RGB2HLS)
mask = np.zeros_like(img)
# adding all shadow polygons on empty mask, single 255 denotes only red channel
for vertices in vertices_list:
cv2.fillPoly(mask, vertices, 255)
# if red channel is hot, image's "Lightness" channel's brightness is lowered
red_max_value_ind = mask[:, :, 0] == 255
image_hls[:, :, 1][red_max_value_ind] = image_hls[:, :, 1][red_max_value_ind] * 0.5
image_rgb = cv2.cvtColor(image_hls, cv2.COLOR_HLS2RGB)
if needs_float:
image_rgb = to_float(image_rgb, max_value=255)
return image_rgb |
Barrel / pincushion distortion. Unconventional augment.
Reference:
| https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6199636/formulas-for-barrel-pincushion-distortion
| https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10364201/image-transformation-in-opencv
| https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2477774/correcting-fisheye-distortion-programmatically
| http://www.coldvision.io/2017/03/02/advanced-lane-finding-using-opencv/
def optical_distortion(img, k=0, dx=0, dy=0, interpolation=cv2.INTER_LINEAR, border_mode=cv2.BORDER_REFLECT_101,
value=None):
"""Barrel / pincushion distortion. Unconventional augment.
Reference:
| https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6199636/formulas-for-barrel-pincushion-distortion
| https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10364201/image-transformation-in-opencv
| https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2477774/correcting-fisheye-distortion-programmatically
| http://www.coldvision.io/2017/03/02/advanced-lane-finding-using-opencv/
"""
height, width = img.shape[:2]
fx = width
fy = width
cx = width * 0.5 + dx
cy = height * 0.5 + dy
camera_matrix = np.array([[fx, 0, cx],
[0, fy, cy],
[0, 0, 1]], dtype=np.float32)
distortion = np.array([k, k, 0, 0, 0], dtype=np.float32)
map1, map2 = cv2.initUndistortRectifyMap(camera_matrix, distortion, None, None, (width, height), cv2.CV_32FC1)
img = cv2.remap(img, map1, map2, interpolation=interpolation, borderMode=border_mode, borderValue=value)
return img |
Reference:
http://pythology.blogspot.sg/2014/03/interpolation-on-regular-distorted-grid.html
def grid_distortion(img, num_steps=10, xsteps=[], ysteps=[], interpolation=cv2.INTER_LINEAR,
border_mode=cv2.BORDER_REFLECT_101, value=None):
"""
Reference:
http://pythology.blogspot.sg/2014/03/interpolation-on-regular-distorted-grid.html
"""
height, width = img.shape[:2]
x_step = width // num_steps
xx = np.zeros(width, np.float32)
prev = 0
for idx, x in enumerate(range(0, width, x_step)):
start = x
end = x + x_step
if end > width:
end = width
cur = width
else:
cur = prev + x_step * xsteps[idx]
xx[start:end] = np.linspace(prev, cur, end - start)
prev = cur
y_step = height // num_steps
yy = np.zeros(height, np.float32)
prev = 0
for idx, y in enumerate(range(0, height, y_step)):
start = y
end = y + y_step
if end > height:
end = height
cur = height
else:
cur = prev + y_step * ysteps[idx]
yy[start:end] = np.linspace(prev, cur, end - start)
prev = cur
map_x, map_y = np.meshgrid(xx, yy)
map_x = map_x.astype(np.float32)
map_y = map_y.astype(np.float32)
img = cv2.remap(img, map_x, map_y, interpolation=interpolation, borderMode=border_mode, borderValue=value)
return img |
Elastic deformation of images as described in [Simard2003]_ (with modifications).
Based on https://gist.github.com/erniejunior/601cdf56d2b424757de5
.. [Simard2003] Simard, Steinkraus and Platt, "Best Practices for
Convolutional Neural Networks applied to Visual Document Analysis", in
Proc. of the International Conference on Document Analysis and
Recognition, 2003.
def elastic_transform(image, alpha, sigma, alpha_affine, interpolation=cv2.INTER_LINEAR,
border_mode=cv2.BORDER_REFLECT_101, value=None, random_state=None, approximate=False):
"""Elastic deformation of images as described in [Simard2003]_ (with modifications).
Based on https://gist.github.com/erniejunior/601cdf56d2b424757de5
.. [Simard2003] Simard, Steinkraus and Platt, "Best Practices for
Convolutional Neural Networks applied to Visual Document Analysis", in
Proc. of the International Conference on Document Analysis and
Recognition, 2003.
"""
if random_state is None:
random_state = np.random.RandomState(1234)
height, width = image.shape[:2]
# Random affine
center_square = np.float32((height, width)) // 2
square_size = min((height, width)) // 3
alpha = float(alpha)
sigma = float(sigma)
alpha_affine = float(alpha_affine)
pts1 = np.float32([center_square + square_size, [center_square[0] + square_size, center_square[1] - square_size],
center_square - square_size])
pts2 = pts1 + random_state.uniform(-alpha_affine, alpha_affine, size=pts1.shape).astype(np.float32)
matrix = cv2.getAffineTransform(pts1, pts2)
image = cv2.warpAffine(image, matrix, (width, height), flags=interpolation, borderMode=border_mode,
borderValue=value)
if approximate:
# Approximate computation smooth displacement map with a large enough kernel.
# On large images (512+) this is approximately 2X times faster
dx = (random_state.rand(height, width).astype(np.float32) * 2 - 1)
cv2.GaussianBlur(dx, (17, 17), sigma, dst=dx)
dx *= alpha
dy = (random_state.rand(height, width).astype(np.float32) * 2 - 1)
cv2.GaussianBlur(dy, (17, 17), sigma, dst=dy)
dy *= alpha
else:
dx = np.float32(gaussian_filter((random_state.rand(height, width) * 2 - 1), sigma) * alpha)
dy = np.float32(gaussian_filter((random_state.rand(height, width) * 2 - 1), sigma) * alpha)
x, y = np.meshgrid(np.arange(width), np.arange(height))
mapx = np.float32(x + dx)
mapy = np.float32(y + dy)
return cv2.remap(image, mapx, mapy, interpolation, borderMode=border_mode) |
Flip a bounding box vertically around the x-axis.
def bbox_vflip(bbox, rows, cols):
"""Flip a bounding box vertically around the x-axis."""
x_min, y_min, x_max, y_max = bbox
return [x_min, 1 - y_max, x_max, 1 - y_min] |
Flip a bounding box horizontally around the y-axis.
def bbox_hflip(bbox, rows, cols):
"""Flip a bounding box horizontally around the y-axis."""
x_min, y_min, x_max, y_max = bbox
return [1 - x_max, y_min, 1 - x_min, y_max] |
Flip a bounding box either vertically, horizontally or both depending on the value of `d`.
Raises:
ValueError: if value of `d` is not -1, 0 or 1.
def bbox_flip(bbox, d, rows, cols):
"""Flip a bounding box either vertically, horizontally or both depending on the value of `d`.
Raises:
ValueError: if value of `d` is not -1, 0 or 1.
"""
if d == 0:
bbox = bbox_vflip(bbox, rows, cols)
elif d == 1:
bbox = bbox_hflip(bbox, rows, cols)
elif d == -1:
bbox = bbox_hflip(bbox, rows, cols)
bbox = bbox_vflip(bbox, rows, cols)
else:
raise ValueError('Invalid d value {}. Valid values are -1, 0 and 1'.format(d))
return bbox |
Crop a bounding box using the provided coordinates of bottom-left and top-right corners in pixels and the
required height and width of the crop.
def crop_bbox_by_coords(bbox, crop_coords, crop_height, crop_width, rows, cols):
"""Crop a bounding box using the provided coordinates of bottom-left and top-right corners in pixels and the
required height and width of the crop.
"""
bbox = denormalize_bbox(bbox, rows, cols)
x_min, y_min, x_max, y_max = bbox
x1, y1, x2, y2 = crop_coords
cropped_bbox = [x_min - x1, y_min - y1, x_max - x1, y_max - y1]
return normalize_bbox(cropped_bbox, crop_height, crop_width) |
Rotates a bounding box by 90 degrees CCW (see np.rot90)
Args:
bbox (tuple): A tuple (x_min, y_min, x_max, y_max).
factor (int): Number of CCW rotations. Must be in range [0;3] See np.rot90.
rows (int): Image rows.
cols (int): Image cols.
def bbox_rot90(bbox, factor, rows, cols):
"""Rotates a bounding box by 90 degrees CCW (see np.rot90)
Args:
bbox (tuple): A tuple (x_min, y_min, x_max, y_max).
factor (int): Number of CCW rotations. Must be in range [0;3] See np.rot90.
rows (int): Image rows.
cols (int): Image cols.
"""
if factor < 0 or factor > 3:
raise ValueError('Parameter n must be in range [0;3]')
x_min, y_min, x_max, y_max = bbox
if factor == 1:
bbox = [y_min, 1 - x_max, y_max, 1 - x_min]
if factor == 2:
bbox = [1 - x_max, 1 - y_max, 1 - x_min, 1 - y_min]
if factor == 3:
bbox = [1 - y_max, x_min, 1 - y_min, x_max]
return bbox |
Rotates a bounding box by angle degrees
Args:
bbox (tuple): A tuple (x_min, y_min, x_max, y_max).
angle (int): Angle of rotation in degrees
rows (int): Image rows.
cols (int): Image cols.
interpolation (int): interpolation method.
return a tuple (x_min, y_min, x_max, y_max)
def bbox_rotate(bbox, angle, rows, cols, interpolation):
"""Rotates a bounding box by angle degrees
Args:
bbox (tuple): A tuple (x_min, y_min, x_max, y_max).
angle (int): Angle of rotation in degrees
rows (int): Image rows.
cols (int): Image cols.
interpolation (int): interpolation method.
return a tuple (x_min, y_min, x_max, y_max)
"""
scale = cols / float(rows)
x = np.array([bbox[0], bbox[2], bbox[2], bbox[0]])
y = np.array([bbox[1], bbox[1], bbox[3], bbox[3]])
x = x - 0.5
y = y - 0.5
angle = np.deg2rad(angle)
x_t = (np.cos(angle) * x * scale + np.sin(angle) * y) / scale
y_t = (-np.sin(angle) * x * scale + np.cos(angle) * y)
x_t = x_t + 0.5
y_t = y_t + 0.5
return [min(x_t), min(y_t), max(x_t), max(y_t)] |
Transposes a bounding box along given axis.
Args:
bbox (tuple): A tuple (x_min, y_min, x_max, y_max).
axis (int): 0 - main axis, 1 - secondary axis.
rows (int): Image rows.
cols (int): Image cols.
def bbox_transpose(bbox, axis, rows, cols):
"""Transposes a bounding box along given axis.
Args:
bbox (tuple): A tuple (x_min, y_min, x_max, y_max).
axis (int): 0 - main axis, 1 - secondary axis.
rows (int): Image rows.
cols (int): Image cols.
"""
x_min, y_min, x_max, y_max = bbox
if axis != 0 and axis != 1:
raise ValueError('Axis must be either 0 or 1.')
if axis == 0:
bbox = [y_min, x_min, y_max, x_max]
if axis == 1:
bbox = [1 - y_max, 1 - x_max, 1 - y_min, 1 - x_min]
return bbox |
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