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we present new models for low-mass stars down to the hydrogen-burning limit that consistently couple atmosphere and interior structures, thereby superseding the widely used bcah98 models. the new models include updated molecular linelists and solar abundances, as well as atmospheric convection parameters calibrated on ... | new evolutionary models for pre-main sequence and main sequence low-mass stars down to the hydrogen-burning limit |
in the present letter, we consider a class of extended scalar-tensor-gauss-bonnet (estgb) theories for which the scalar degree of freedom is excited only in the extreme curvature regime. we show that in the mentioned class of estgb theories there exist new black-hole solutions that are formed by spontaneous scalarizati... | new gauss-bonnet black holes with curvature-induced scalarization in extended scalar-tensor theories |
context. measuring how the physical properties of galaxies change across cosmic times is essential to understand galaxy formation and evolution. with the advent of numerous ground-based and space-borne instruments launched over the past few decades we now have exquisite multi-wavelength observations of galaxies from th... | cigale: a python code investigating galaxy emission |
vienna atomic line database (vald) is a collection of critically evaluated laboratory parameters for individual atomic transitions, complemented by theoretical calculations. vald is actively used by astronomers for stellar spectroscopic studies—model atmosphere calculations, atmospheric parameter determinations, abunda... | a major upgrade of the vald database |
the all-sky automated survey for supernovae (asas-sn) is working toward imaging the entire visible sky every night to a depth of v∼ 17 mag. the present data covers the sky and spans ∼2-5 years with ∼100-400 epochs of observation. the data should contain some ∼1 million variable sources, and the ultimate goal is to have... | the all-sky automated survey for supernovae (asas-sn) light curve server v1.0 |
quantum monte carlo methods have proved valuable to study the structure and reactions of light nuclei and nucleonic matter starting from realistic nuclear interactions and currents. these ab initio calculations reproduce many low-lying states, moments, and transitions in light nuclei, and simultaneously predict many pr... | quantum monte carlo methods for nuclear physics |
the zwicky transient facility (ztf) is a new robotic time-domain survey currently in progress using the palomar 48-inch schmidt telescope. ztf uses a 47 square degree field with a 600 megapixel camera to scan the entire northern visible sky at rates of ∼3760 square degrees/hour to median depths of g ∼ 20.8 and r ∼ 20.6... | the zwicky transient facility: data processing, products, and archive |
the ligo and virgo detectors have directly observed gravitational waves from mergers of pairs of stellar-mass black holes, along with a smaller number of mergers involving neutron stars. these observations raise the hope that compact object mergers could be used as a probe of stellar and binary evolution, and perhaps o... | merging stellar-mass binary black holes |
we present an overview of a new integral field spectroscopic survey called manga (mapping nearby galaxies at apache point observatory), one of three core programs in the fourth-generation sloan digital sky survey (sdss-iv) that began on 2014 july 1. manga will investigate the internal kinematic structure and compositio... | overview of the sdss-iv manga survey: mapping nearby galaxies at apache point observatory |
the ensemble of chemical element abundance measurements for stars, along with precision distances and orbit properties, provides high-dimensional data to study the evolution of the milky way. with this third data release of the galactic archaeology with hermes (galah) survey, we publish 678 423 spectra for 588 571 most... | the galah+ survey: third data release |
finding and characterizing the first galaxies that illuminated the early universe at cosmic dawn is pivotal to understand the physical conditions and the processes that led to the formation of the first stars. in the first few months of operations, imaging from the james webb space telescope (jwst) has been used to ide... | spectroscopic confirmation of four metal-poor galaxies at z = 10.3-13.2 |
we reduce and analyse the available jwst ero and ers nircam imaging (smacs0723, glass, ceers) in combination with the latest deep ground-based near-infrared imaging in the cosmos field (provided by ultravista dr5) to produce a new measurement of the evolving galaxy uv luminosity function (lf) over the redshift range z ... | the evolution of the galaxy uv luminosity function at redshifts z ≃ 8 - 15 from deep jwst and ground-based near-infrared imaging |
$jwst$'s first glimpse of the $z>10$ universe has yielded a surprising abundance of luminous galaxy candidates. here we present the most extreme of these systems: ceers-1749. based on $0.6-5\mu$m photometry, this strikingly luminous ($\approx$26 mag) galaxy appears to lie at $z\approx17$. this would make it an $m_{\... | schrodinger's galaxy candidate: puzzlingly luminous at $z\\approx17$, or dusty/quenched at $z\\approx5$? |
the gravitational-wave signal gw190521 is consistent with a binary black hole (bbh) merger source at redshift 0.8 with unusually high component masses, ${85}_{-14}^{+21}$ m⊙ and ${66}_{-18}^{+17}$ m⊙, compared to previously reported events, and shows mild evidence for spin-induced orbital precession. the primary falls ... | properties and astrophysical implications of the 150 m⊙ binary black hole merger gw190521 |
magnetospheric multiscale (mms), a nasa four-spacecraft constellation mission launched on march 12, 2015, will investigate magnetic reconnection in the boundary regions of the earth's magnetosphere, particularly along its dayside boundary with the solar wind and the neutral sheet in the magnetic tail. the most importan... | magnetospheric multiscale overview and science objectives |
we present atacama large millimeter/submillimeter array (alma) observations from the 2014 long baseline campaign in dust continuum and spectral line emission from the hl tau region. the continuum images at wavelengths of 2.9, 1.3, and 0.87 mm have unprecedented angular resolutions of 0.″ 075 (10 au) to 0.″ 025 (3.5 au)... | the 2014 alma long baseline campaign: first results from high angular resolution observations toward the hl tau region |
we present the new tng50 cosmological, magnetohydrodynamical simulation - the third and final volume of the illustristng project. this simulation occupies a unique combination of large volume and high resolution, with a 50 mpc box sampled by 21603 gas cells (baryon mass of 8 × 104 m⊙). the median spatial resolution of ... | first results from the tng50 simulation: galactic outflows driven by supernovae and black hole feedback |
we present the third data release from the parkes pulsar timing array (ppta) project. the release contains observations of 32 pulsars obtained using the 64-m parkes `murriyang' radio telescope. the data span is up to 18 yr with a typical cadence of 3 weeks. this data release is formed by combining an updated version of... | the parkes pulsar timing array third data release |
one century after its formulation, einstein's general relativity (gr) has made remarkable predictions and turned out to be compatible with all experimental tests. most of these tests probe the theory in the weak-field regime, and there are theoretical and experimental reasons to believe that gr should be modified when ... | testing general relativity with present and future astrophysical observations |
we summarize our current knowledge of neutron-star masses and radii. recent instrumentation and computational advances have resulted in a rapid increase in the discovery rate and precise timing of radio pulsars in binaries in the past few years, leading to a large number of mass measurements. these discoveries show tha... | masses, radii, and the equation of state of neutron stars |
we introduce the simba simulations, the next generation of the mufasa cosmological galaxy formation simulations run with gizmo's meshless finite mass hydrodynamics. simba includes updates to mufasa's sub-resolution star formation and feedback prescriptions, and introduces black hole growth via the torque-limited accret... | simba: cosmological simulations with black hole growth and feedback |
measurement of the distances to nearby galaxies has improved rapidly in recent decades. the ever-present challenge is to reduce systematic effects, especially as greater distances are probed and the uncertainties become larger. in this paper, we combine several recent calibrations of the tip of the red giant branch (tr... | measurements of the hubble constant: tensions in perspective |
galaxies with stellar masses as high as roughly 1011 solar masses have been identified1-3 out to redshifts z of roughly 6, around 1 billion years after the big bang. it has been difficult to find massive galaxies at even earlier times, as the balmer break region, which is needed for accurate mass estimates, is redshift... | a population of red candidate massive galaxies600 myr after the big bang |
we present our current best estimate of the plausible observing scenarios for the advanced ligo, advanced virgo and kagra gravitational-wave detectors over the next several years, with the intention of providing information to facilitate planning for multi-messenger astronomy with gravitational waves. we estimate the s... | prospects for observing and localizing gravitational-wave transients with advanced ligo, advanced virgo and kagra |
we present results from 13 cosmological simulations that explore the parameter space of the `evolution and assembly of galaxies and their environments' (eagle) simulation project. four of the simulations follow the evolution of a periodic cube l = 50 cmpc on a side, and each employs a different subgrid model of the ene... | the eagle simulations of galaxy formation: calibration of subgrid physics and model variations |
the james webb space telescope (jwst) is revolutionizing our knowledge of $z>5$ galaxies and their actively accreting black holes. using the jwst cycle 1 treasury program ultradeep nirspec and nircam observations before the epoch of reionization (uncover) in the lensing field abell 2744, we report the identification... | uncover: candidate red active galactic nuclei at 3<z<7 with jwst and alma |
we report the discovery of a candidate galaxy with a photo-z of z ~ 12 in the first epoch of the james webb space telescope (jwst) cosmic evolution early release science survey. following conservative selection criteria, we identify a source with a robust z phot = ${11.8}_{-0.2}^{+0.3}$ (1σ uncertainty) with m f200w = ... | a long time ago in a galaxy far, far away: a candidate z ∼ 12 galaxy in early jwst ceers imaging |
bayesian parameter estimation is fast becoming the language of gravitational-wave astronomy. it is the method by which gravitational-wave data is used to infer the sources’ astrophysical properties. we introduce a user-friendly bayesian inference library for gravitational-wave astronomy, bilby. this python code provide... | bilby: a user-friendly bayesian inference library for gravitational-wave astronomy |
i start by providing an updated summary of the penalized pixel-fitting (ppxf) method that is used to extract the stellar and gas kinematics, as well as the stellar population of galaxies, via full spectrum fitting. i then focus on the problem of extracting the kinematics when the velocity dispersion σ is smaller than t... | improving the full spectrum fitting method: accurate convolution with gauss-hermite functions |
context. gaia data release 2 provides high-precision astrometry and three-band photometry for about 1.3 billion sources over the full sky. the precision, accuracy, and homogeneity of both astrometry and photometry are unprecedented.aims: we highlight the power of the gaia dr2 in studying many fine structures of the her... | gaia data release 2. observational hertzsprung-russell diagrams |
the cosmic origin of elements heavier than iron has long been uncertain. theoretical modelling shows that the matter that is expelled in the violent merger of two neutron stars can assemble into heavy elements such as gold and platinum in a process known as rapid neutron capture (r-process) nucleosynthesis. the radioac... | origin of the heavy elements in binary neutron-star mergers from a gravitational-wave event |
the detection of gravitational waves originating from a neutron-star merger, gw170817, by the ligo and virgo collaborations has recently provided new stringent limits on the tidal deformabilities of the stars involved in the collision. combining this measurement with the existence of two-solar-mass stars, we generate a... | gravitational-wave constraints on the neutron-star-matter equation of state |
the production of about half of the heavy elements found in nature is assigned to a specific astrophysical nucleosynthesis process: the rapid neutron-capture process (r process). although this idea was postulated more than six decades ago, the full understanding faces two types of uncertainties or open questions: (a) t... | origin of the heaviest elements: the rapid neutron-capture process |
modeling galaxy formation in a cosmological context presents one of the greatest challenges in astrophysics today due to the vast range of scales and numerous physical processes involved. here we review the current status of models that employ two leading techniques to simulate the physics of galaxy formation: semianal... | physical models of galaxy formation in a cosmological framework |
we analyse the gas-phase metallicity properties of a sample of low stellar mass (log m*/m_sun <= 9) galaxies at 3 < z < 10, observed with jwst/nirspec as part of the jades programme in its deep goods-s tier. by combining this sample with more massive galaxies at similar redshifts from other programmes, we stud... | jades: insights on the low-mass end of the mass--metallicity--star-formation rate relation at $3 < z < 10$ from deep jwst/nirspec spectroscopy |
galaxy formation is at the heart of our understanding of cosmic evolution. although there is a consensus that galaxies emerged from the expanding matter background by gravitational instability of primordial fluctuations, a number of additional physical processes must be understood and implemented in theoretical models ... | early galaxy formation and its large-scale effects |
we report the discovery of an accreting supermassive black hole at z = 8.679. this galaxy, denoted here as ceers_1019, was previously discovered as a lyα-break galaxy by hubble with a lyα redshift from keck. as part of the cosmic evolution early release science (ceers) survey, we have observed this source with jwst/nir... | a ceers discovery of an accreting supermassive black hole 570 myr after the big bang: identifying a progenitor of massive z > 6 quasars |
we compile observations of early-type binaries identified via spectroscopy, eclipses, long-baseline interferometry, adaptive optics, common proper motion, etc. each observational technique is sensitive to companions across a narrow parameter space of orbital periods p and mass ratios q = {m}{comp}/m 1. after combining ... | mind your ps and qs: the interrelation between period (p) and mass-ratio (q) distributions of binary stars |
multimessenger gravitational-wave (gw) astronomy has commenced with the detection of the binary neutron star merger gw170817 and its associated electromagnetic counterparts. the almost coincident observation of both signals places an exquisite bound on the gw speed |cg/c -1 |≤5 ×10-16 . we use this result to probe the ... | dark energy after gw170817: dead ends and the road ahead |
the laser interferometer space antenna (lisa) will be a transformative experiment for gravitational wave astronomy, and, as such, it will offer unique opportunities to address many key astrophysical questions in a completely novel way. the synergy with ground-based and space-born instruments in the electromagnetic doma... | astrophysics with the laser interferometer space antenna |
we present a new cosmological, magnetohydrodynamical simulation for galaxy formation: tng50, the third and final instalment of the illustristng project. tng50 evolves 2 × 21603 dark matter particles and gas cells in a volume 50 comoving mpc across. it hence reaches a numerical resolution typical of zoom-in simulations,... | first results from the tng50 simulation: the evolution of stellar and gaseous discs across cosmic time |
for over 100 years, the group-theoretic characterization of crystalline solids has provided the foundational language for diverse problems in physics and chemistry. however, the group theory of crystals with commensurate magnetic order has remained incomplete for the past 70 years, due to the complicated symmetries of ... | magnetic topological quantum chemistry |
the cologne database for molecular spectroscopy, cdms, was founded 1998 to provide in its catalog section line lists of mostly molecular species which are or may be observed in various astronomical sources (usually) by radio astronomical means. the line lists contain transition frequencies with qualified accuracies, in... | the cologne database for molecular spectroscopy, cdms, in the virtual atomic and molecular data centre, vamdc |
a range of quantum field theoretical phenomena driven by external magnetic fields and their applications in relativistic systems and quasirelativistic condensed matter ones, such as graphene and dirac/weyl semimetals, are reviewed. we start by introducing the underlying physics of the magnetic catalysis. the dimensiona... | quantum field theory in a magnetic field: from quantum chromodynamics to graphene and dirac semimetals |
the bigcode project is an open-scientific collaboration working on the responsible development of large language models for code. this tech report describes the progress of the collaboration until december 2022, outlining the current state of the personally identifiable information (pii) redaction pipeline, the experim... | santacoder: don't reach for the stars! |
the highly elliptical, 16-year-period orbit of the star s2 around the massive black hole candidate sgr a* is a sensitive probe of the gravitational field in the galactic centre. near pericentre at 120 au ≈ 1400 schwarzschild radii, the star has an orbital speed of ≈7650 km s-1, such that the first-order effects of spec... | detection of the gravitational redshift in the orbit of the star s2 near the galactic centre massive black hole |
using a large sample of main sequence stars with 7d measurements supplied by gaia and sdss, we study the kinematic properties of the local (within ∼10 kpc from the sun) stellar halo. we demonstrate that the halo's velocity ellipsoid evolves strongly with metallicity. at the low-[fe/h] end, the orbital anisotropy (the a... | co-formation of the disc and the stellar halo |
in this paper we provide a first physical interpretation for the event horizon telescope's (eht) 2017 observations of sgr a*. our main approach is to compare resolved eht data at 230 ghz and unresolved non-eht observations from radio to x-ray wavelengths to predictions from a library of models based on time-dependent g... | first sagittarius a* event horizon telescope results. v. testing astrophysical models of the galactic center black hole |
the inefficiency of star formation in massive elliptical galaxies is widely believed to be caused by the interactions of an active galactic nucleus (agn) with the surrounding gas. achieving a sufficiently rapid reddening of moderately massive galaxies without expelling too many baryons has however proven difficult for ... | simulating galaxy formation with black hole driven thermal and kinetic feedback |
inference of the physical properties of stellar populations from observed photometry and spectroscopy is a key goal in the study of galaxy evolution. in recent years, the quality and quantity of the available data have increased, and there have been corresponding efforts to increase the realism of the stellar populatio... | stellar population inference with prospector |
laboratory experiments sensitive to the equation of state of neutron rich matter in the vicinity of nuclear saturation density provide the first rung in a "density ladder" that connects terrestrial experiments to astronomical observations. in this context, the neutron skin thickness of 208pb (rskin208) provides a strin... | implications of prex-2 on the equation of state of neutron-rich matter |
solar probe plus (spp) will be the first spacecraft to fly into the low solar corona. spp's main science goal is to determine the structure and dynamics of the sun's coronal magnetic field, understand how the solar corona and wind are heated and accelerated, and determine what processes accelerate energetic particles. ... | the solar probe plus mission: humanity's first visit to our star |
we introduce a new framework for quantifying correlated uncertainties of the infinite-matter equation of state derived from chiral effective field theory (χ eft ). bayesian machine learning via gaussian processes with physics-based hyperparameters allows us to efficiently quantify and propagate theoretical uncertaintie... | how well do we know the neutron-matter equation of state at the densities inside neutron stars? a bayesian approach with correlated uncertainties |
we present a 0.16% precise and 0.27% accurate determination of r0, the distance to the galactic center. our measurement uses the star s2 on its 16-year orbit around the massive black hole sgr a* that we followed astrometrically and spectroscopically for 27 years. since 2017, we added near-infrared interferometry with t... | a geometric distance measurement to the galactic center black hole with 0.3% uncertainty |
we describe keck-telescope spectrophotometry and imaging of the companion of the "black widow" pulsar psr j0952-0607, the fastest known spinning neutron star (ns) in the disk of the milky way. the companion is very faint at minimum brightness, presenting observational challenges, but we have measured multicolor light c... | psr j0952-0607: the fastest and heaviest known galactic neutron star |
technology has advanced to the point that it is possible to image the entire sky every night and process the data in real time. the sky is hardly static: many interesting phenomena occur, including variable stationary objects such as stars or qsos, transient stationary objects such as supernovae or m dwarf flares, and ... | atlas: a high-cadence all-sky survey system |
the observation of electromagnetic radiation from radio to γ-ray wavelengths has provided a wealth of information about the universe. however, at pev (1015 ev) energies and above, most of the universe is impenetrable to photons. new messengers, namely cosmic neutrinos, are needed to explore the most extreme environment... | icecube-gen2: the window to the extreme universe |
we present the cosmos201524 catalog, which contains precise photometric redshifts and stellar masses for more than half a million objects over the 2deg2 cosmos field. including new {{yjhk}}{{s}} images from the ultravista-dr2 survey, y-band images from subaru/hyper-suprime-cam, and infrared data from the spitzer large ... | the cosmos2015 catalog: exploring the 1 < z < 6 universe with half a million galaxies |
i describe the design, implementation, and usage of galpy, a python package for galactic-dynamics calculations. at its core, galpy consists of a general framework for representing galactic potentials both in python and in c (for accelerated computations); galpy functions, objects, and methods can generally take arbitra... | galpy: a python library for galactic dynamics |
recent developments in the theory of pure neutron matter and experiments concerning the symmetry energy of nuclear matter, coupled with recent measurements of high-mass neutron stars, now allow for relatively tight constraints on the equation of state of dense matter. we review how these constraints are formulated and ... | the equation of state of hot, dense matter and neutron stars |
sdss-v will be an all-sky, multi-epoch spectroscopic survey of over six million objects. it is designed to decode the history of the milky way, trace the emergence of the chemical elements, reveal the inner workings of stars, and investigate the origin of planets. it will also create an integral-field spectroscopic map... | sdss-v: pioneering panoptic spectroscopy |
the theory governing the strong nuclear force—quantum chromodynamics—predicts that at sufficiently high energy densities, hadronic nuclear matter undergoes a deconfinement transition to a new phase of quarks and gluons1. although this has been observed in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions2,3, it is currently an op... | evidence for quark-matter cores in massive neutron stars |
a review is given of various theoretical approaches for the equation of state (eos) of dense matter, relevant for the description of core-collapse supernovae, compact stars, and compact star mergers. the emphasis is put on models that are applicable to all of these scenarios. such eos models have to cover large ranges ... | equations of state for supernovae and compact stars |
we present a catalog of 717 candidate galaxies at $z > 8$ selected from 125 square arcminutes of nircam imaging as part of the jwst advanced deep extragalactic survey (jades). we combine the full jades imaging dataset with data from the jems and fresco jwst surveys along with extremely deep existing observations fro... | the cosmos in its infancy: jades galaxy candidates at z > 8 in goods-s and goods-n |
we combine electromagnetic (em) and gravitational-wave (gw) information on the binary neutron star (ns) merger gw170817 in order to constrain the radii {r}{ns} and maximum mass {m}\maxof nss. gw170817 was followed by a range of em counterparts, including a weak gamma-ray burst (grb), kilonova (kn) emission from the rad... | constraining the maximum mass of neutron stars from multi-messenger observations of gw170817 |
we present uv, optical, and near-infrared (nir) photometry of the first electromagnetic counterpart to a gravitational wave source from advanced laser interferometer gravitational-wave observatory (ligo)/virgo, the binary neutron star merger gw170817. our data set extends from the discovery of the optical counterpart a... | the electromagnetic counterpart of the binary neutron star merger ligo/virgo gw170817. ii. uv, optical, and near-infrared light curves and comparison to kilonova models |
the mergers of binary compact objects such as neutron stars and black holes are of central interest to several areas of astrophysics, including as the progenitors of gamma-ray bursts (grbs), sources of high-frequency gravitational waves and likely production sites for heavy element nucleosynthesis via rapid neutron cap... | jwst detection of heavy neutron capture elements in a compact object merger |
we report on the discovery of two low-luminosity, broad-line active galactic nuclei (agns) at z > 5 identified using jwst nirspec spectroscopy from the cosmic evolution early release science (ceers) survey. we detect broad hα emission in the spectra of both sources, with fwhm of 2060 ± 290 km s-1 and 1800 ± 200 km s... | hidden little monsters: spectroscopic identification of low-mass, broad-line agns at z > 5 with ceers |
we present the first statistical sample of faint type 1 agns at z > 4 identified by jwst/nirspec deep spectroscopy. among the 185 galaxies at z spec = 3.8-8.9 confirmed with nirspec, our systematic search for broad-line emission reveals 10 type 1 agns at z = 4.015-6.936 whose broad component is only seen in the perm... | a jwst/nirspec first census of broad-line agns at z = 4-7: detection of 10 faint agns with m bh 106-108 m ⊙ and their host galaxy properties |
context. the second gaia data release (gaia dr2) provides precise five-parameter astrometric data (positions, proper motions, and parallaxes) for an unprecedented number of sources (more than 1.3 billion, mostly stars). this new wealth of data will enable the undertaking of statistical analysis of many astrophysical pr... | gaia data release 2. using gaia parallaxes |
the zwicky transient facility (ztf), a public-private enterprise, is a new time-domain survey employing a dedicated camera on the palomar 48-inch schmidt telescope with a 47 deg2 field of view and an 8 second readout time. it is well positioned in the development of time-domain astronomy, offering operations at 10% of ... | the zwicky transient facility: science objectives |
neutrinos play a crucial role in the collapse and explosion of massive stars, governing the infall dynamics of the stellar core, triggering and fueling the explosion and driving the cooling and deleptonization of the newly formed neutron star. due to their role neutrinos carry information from the heart of the explosio... | supernova neutrinos: production, oscillations and detection |
we present a reduction and analysis of the james webb space telescope (jwst) smacs 0723 field using new post-launch calibrations to conduct a search for ultra-high-redshift galaxies (z > 9) present within the epoch of reionization. we conduct this search by modelling photometric redshifts in several ways for all sou... | discovery and properties of ultra-high redshift galaxies (9 < z < 12) in the jwst ero smacs 0723 field |
the gas surrounding galaxies outside their disks or interstellar medium and inside their virial radii is known as the circumgalactic medium (cgm). in recent years this component of galaxies has assumed an important role in our understanding of galaxy evolution owing to rapid advances in observational access to this dif... | the circumgalactic medium |
the detection of an electromagnetic counterpart (grb 170817a) to the gravitational-wave signal (gw170817) from the merger of two neutron stars opens a completely new arena for testing theories of gravity. we show that this measurement allows us to place stringent constraints on general scalar-tensor and vector-tensor t... | strong constraints on cosmological gravity from gw170817 and grb 170817a |
the merger of two neutron stars is predicted to give rise to three major detectable phenomena: a short burst of γ-rays, a gravitational-wave signal, and a transient optical-near-infrared source powered by the synthesis of large amounts of very heavy elements via rapid neutron capture (the r-process). such transients, n... | spectroscopic identification of r-process nucleosynthesis in a double neutron-star merger |
we report the international gamma-ray astrophysics laboratory (integral) detection of the short gamma-ray burst grb 170817a (discovered by fermi-gbm) with a signal-to-noise ratio of 4.6, and, for the first time, its association with the gravitational waves (gws) from binary neutron star (bns) merging event gw170817 det... | integral detection of the first prompt gamma-ray signal coincident with the gravitational-wave event gw170817 |
in our modern understanding of galaxy formation, every galaxy forms within a dark matter halo. the formation and growth of galaxies over time is connected to the growth of the halos in which they form. the advent of large galaxy surveys as well as high-resolution cosmological simulations has provided a new window into ... | the connection between galaxies and their dark matter halos |
to reach a deeper understanding of the origin of elements in the periodic table, we construct galactic chemical evolution (gce) models for all stable elements from c (a = 12) to u (a = 238) from first principles, i.e., using theoretical nucleosynthesis yields and event rates of all chemical enrichment sources. this ena... | the origin of elements from carbon to uranium |
context. the chemical composition of the sun is a fundamental yardstick in astronomy, relative to which essentially all cosmic objects are referenced. as such, having accurate knowledge of the solar elemental abundances is crucial for an extremely broad range of topics.aims: we reassess the solar abundances of all 83 l... | the chemical make-up of the sun: a 2020 vision |
nucleosynthesis, light curves, explosion energies, and remnant masses are calculated for a grid of supernovae (sne) resulting from massive stars with solar metallicity and masses from 9.0 to 120 {m}⊙ . the full evolution is followed using an adaptive reaction network of up to 2000 nuclei. a novel aspect of the survey i... | core-collapse supernovae from 9 to 120 solar masses based on neutrino-powered explosions |
we present a new model for the distribution of free electrons in the galaxy, the magellanic clouds, and the intergalactic medium (igm) that can be used to estimate distances to real or simulated pulsars and fast radio bursts (frbs) based on their dispersion measure (dm). the galactic model has an extended thick disk re... | a new electron-density model for estimation of pulsar and frb distances |
surveys with the james webb space telescope (jwst) have discovered candidate galaxies in the first 400 myr of cosmic time. preliminary indications have suggested these candidate galaxies may be more massive and abundant than previously thought. however, without confirmed distances, their inferred properties remain unce... | identification and properties of intense star-forming galaxies at redshifts z > 10 |
we describe the first public data release of the dark energy survey, des dr1, consisting of reduced single-epoch images, co-added images, co-added source catalogs, and associated products and services assembled over the first 3 yr of des science operations. des dr1 is based on optical/near-infrared imaging from 345 dis... | the dark energy survey: data release 1 |
we introduce a new generation of parsec-colibri stellar isochrones that includes a detailed treatment of the thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch (tp-agb) phase, covering a wide range of initial metallicities (0.0001 < zi < 0.06). compared to previous releases, the main novelties and improvements are use of ... | a new generation of parsec-colibri stellar isochrones including the tp-agb phase |
the binary population and spectral synthesis suite of binary stellar evolution models and synthetic stellar populations provides a framework for the physically motivated analysis of both the integrated light from distant stellar populations and the detailed properties of those nearby. we present a new version 2.1 data ... | binary population and spectral synthesis version 2.1: construction, observational verification, and new results |
we present the first event horizon telescope (eht) observations of sagittarius a* (sgr a$^*$), the galactic center source associated with a supermassive black hole. these observations were conducted in 2017 using a global interferometric array of eight telescopes operating at a wavelength of $\lambda=1.3\,{\rm mm}$. th... | first sagittarius a* event horizon telescope results. i. the shadow of the supermassive black hole in the center of the milky way |
a long-standing paradigm in astrophysics is that collisions—or mergers—of two neutron stars form highly relativistic and collimated outflows (jets) that power γ-ray bursts of short (less than two seconds) duration. the observational support for this model, however, is only indirect. a hitherto outstanding prediction is... | the x-ray counterpart to the gravitational-wave event gw170817 |
context. open clusters are convenient probes of the structure and history of the galactic disk. they are also fundamental to stellar evolution studies. the second gaia data release contains precise astrometry at the submilliarcsecond level and homogeneous photometry at the mmag level, that can be used to characterise a... | a gaia dr2 view of the open cluster population in the milky way |
the recent discovery by advanced ligo and advanced virgo of a gravitational wave signal from a binary neutron star inspiral has enabled tests of general relativity (gr) with this new type of source. this source, for the first time, permits tests of strong-field dynamics of compact binaries in the presence of matter. in... | tests of general relativity with gw170817 |
we review applications of string theory to cosmology, from primordial times to the present-day accelerated expansion. starting with a brief overview of cosmology and string compactifications, we discuss in detail moduli stabilisation, inflation in string theory, the impact of string theory on post-inflationary dynamics... | string cosmology: from the early universe to today |
neutrino-neutrino refraction dominates the flavor evolution in core-collapse supernovae, neutron star mergers, and the early universe. ordinary neutrino flavor conversions develop on timescales determined by the vacuum oscillation frequency. however, when the neutrino density is large enough, collective flavor conversi... | new developments in flavor evolution of a dense neutrino gas |
we present hubble space telescope (hst) photometry of a selected sample of 50 long-period, low-extinction milky way cepheids measured on the same wfc3 f555w-, f814w-, and f160w-band photometric system as extragalactic cepheids in type ia supernova host galaxies. these bright cepheids were observed with the wfc3 spatial... | milky way cepheid standards for measuring cosmic distances and application to gaia dr2: implications for the hubble constant |
we compile and analyze approximately 200 trigonometric parallaxes and proper motions of molecular masers associated with very young high-mass stars. most of the measurements come from the bessel survey using the vlba and the japanese vera project. these measurements strongly suggest that the milky way is a four-arm spi... | trigonometric parallaxes of high-mass star-forming regions: our view of the milky way |
reionization is thought to be driven by faint star-forming galaxies, but characterizing this population in detail has long remained very challenging. here we utilize deep nine-band nircam imaging from jades to study the star-forming and ionizing properties of 756 $z\sim6-9$ galaxies, including hundreds of very uv-faint... | the star-forming and ionizing properties of dwarf z~6-9 galaxies in jades: insights on bursty star formation and ionized bubble growth |
gravitational waves were discovered with the detection of binary black-hole mergers and they should also be detectable from lower-mass neutron-star mergers. these are predicted to eject material rich in heavy radioactive isotopes that can power an electromagnetic signal. this signal is luminous at optical and infrared ... | a kilonova as the electromagnetic counterpart to a gravitational-wave source |
we study a new population of extremely red objects (eros) recently discovered by jwst based on their nircam colors f277w$-$f444w $>1.5$ mag. we find 37 eros in the ceers field with f444w $<28$ mag and photometric redshifts between $5<z<7$, with median $z=6.9^{+1.0}_{-1.6}$. surprisingly, despite their red l... | extremely red galaxies at $z=5-9$ with miri and nirspec: dusty galaxies or obscured agns? |
magnetars are young and highly magnetized neutron stars that display a wide array of x-ray activity including short bursts, large outbursts, giant flares, and quasi-periodic oscillations, often coupled with interesting timing behavior including enhanced spin-down, glitches, and antiglitches. the bulk of this activity i... | magnetars |
on september 14, 2015, the laser interferometer gravitational-wave observatory (ligo) detected a gravitational-wave transient (gw150914); we characterize the properties of the source and its parameters. the data around the time of the event were analyzed coherently across the ligo network using a suite of accurate wave... | properties of the binary black hole merger gw150914 |
combining the gw observations of merging systems of binary neutron stars and quasi-universal relations, we set constraints on the maximum mass that can be attained by nonrotating stellar models of neutron stars. more specifically, exploiting the recent observation of the gw event gw170817 and drawing from basic argumen... | using gravitational-wave observations and quasi-universal relations to constrain the maximum mass of neutron stars |
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